South East Arabian COASTLINE GAZETTEER ... including the Persian gulf ... and South West Iran. PLACE NAMES, TOPONYMS AND VARIANTS. updated 08/08/2025 (Oshida) Chehel Dokhtar Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.937671 long 61.244076 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: ghale cheel dokhtar قلعه چهل دختر VARIANT names: (Oshida) Chehel Dokhtar Castle , ? petroglyph : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 28.976697 long 54.066854 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: exact coordinates not yet determined. VARIANT names: ? petroglyph , ※ SOURCE for ? petroglyph #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ Fig. 1 Distribution map of documented rock art sites in Iran and location map of Pir-Barreh cave and rock shelter sites in the study area. ? petroglyph : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 28.041126 long 57.528144 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: exact coordinates not yet determined. VARIANT names: ? petroglyph , ※ SOURCE for ? petroglyph #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ Fig. 1 Distribution map of documented rock art sites in Iran and location map of Pir-Barreh cave and rock shelter sites in the study area. ? petroglyph : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 30.20705 long 52.859322 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: exact coordinates not yet determined. VARIANT names: ? petroglyph , ※ SOURCE for ? petroglyph #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ Fig. 1 Distribution map of documented rock art sites in Iran and location map of Pir-Barreh cave and rock shelter sites in the study area. ? petroglyph : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 29.634945 long 56.5235 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: exact coordinates not yet determined. VARIANT names: ? petroglyph , ※ SOURCE for ? petroglyph #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ Fig. 1 Distribution map of documented rock art sites in Iran and location map of Pir-Barreh cave and rock shelter sites in the study area. ? petroglyph : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 30.1509 long 55.942466 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: exact coordinates not yet determined. VARIANT names: ? petroglyph , ※ SOURCE for ? petroglyph #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ Fig. 1 Distribution map of documented rock art sites in Iran and location map of Pir-Barreh cave and rock shelter sites in the study area. ? petroglyph : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.205747 long 54.826806 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: exact coordinates not yet determined. VARIANT names: ? petroglyph , ※ SOURCE for ? petroglyph #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ Fig. 1 Distribution map of documented rock art sites in Iran and location map of Pir-Barreh cave and rock shelter sites in the study area. ? petroglyph : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.271136 long 54.17691 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: exact coordinates not yet determined. VARIANT names: ? petroglyph , ※ SOURCE for ? petroglyph #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ Fig. 1 Distribution map of documented rock art sites in Iran and location map of Pir-Barreh cave and rock shelter sites in the study area. ? pictograph : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.306086 long 54.506453 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: exact coordinates not yet determined. VARIANT names: ? pictograph , ※ SOURCE for ? pictograph #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ Fig. 1 Distribution map of documented rock art sites in Iran and location map of Pir-Barreh cave and rock shelter sites in the study area. ? pictograph : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 29.331926 long 53.180432 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: exact coordinates not yet determined. VARIANT names: ? pictograph , ※ SOURCE for ? pictograph #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ Fig. 1 Distribution map of documented rock art sites in Iran and location map of Pir-Barreh cave and rock shelter sites in the study area. ? pictograph : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 30.050977 long 51.906126 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: exact coordinates not yet determined. VARIANT names: ? pictograph , ※ SOURCE for ? pictograph #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ Fig. 1 Distribution map of documented rock art sites in Iran and location map of Pir-Barreh cave and rock shelter sites in the study area. ? pictograph : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 29.951382 long 53.223844 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: exact coordinates not yet determined. VARIANT names: ? pictograph , ※ SOURCE for ? pictograph #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ Fig. 1 Distribution map of documented rock art sites in Iran and location map of Pir-Barreh cave and rock shelter sites in the study area. ? pictograph : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 29.867756 long 52.788574 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: exact coordinates not yet determined. VARIANT names: ? pictograph , ※ SOURCE for ? pictograph #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ Fig. 1 Distribution map of documented rock art sites in Iran and location map of Pir-Barreh cave and rock shelter sites in the study area. `Abbasabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3051098 coordinate: lat 32.7275 long 52.9504 NIMA/GNS names: `Abbasabad , عباس آباد , VARIANT names: `Abbasabad , `Abdolabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3821015 coordinate: lat 35.097094 long 57.975619 NIMA/GNS names: `Abdolabad , `Abdollahabad , عبدالله آباد , عبدل آباد , VARIANT names: `Abdolabad , `Abdullahabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051287 coordinate: lat 35.068068 long 58.796136 NIMA/GNS names: `Abdolabad , `Abdollahabad , `Abdullahabad , Abdowlabad , عبدل آباد , VARIANT names: `Abdullahabad , Abdullah-abad , ※ SOURCE for Abdullah-abad « From Yunsi we made a long march of 30 miles to Abdullah-abad. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 80 `Ali Gholami : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052666 coordinate: lat 26.673596 long 54.869727 NIMA/GNS names: `Ali Gholami , Mazra`eh-ye `Ali Gholami , Mazra`eh-ye `Ali Gholami , علی غلامی , مزرعه عالی غلامی , مزرعه علی غلامی , VARIANT names: `Ali Gholami , Ali Galumi , ※ SOURCE for Ali Galumi « All Gaiumi, incline over hard gravelly soil, open ground for 1 mile to both flanks. At 6 miles pass some huts and clusters of date trees. Road then passes over an open plain. Marshy ground to the left as far as The ground on either side of the road is covered with small prickly bushes, while to the right there are clusters of date trees at intervals and one or two huts. At 8 miles halt at a small house amongst date trees, called Ali Galumi. Temperature 65.° Time 3 hours Road good and passable to all arms. Supplies none. Water good from a well. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 2 `Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052473 coordinate: lat 33.110853 long 50.85276 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , علی آباد , VARIANT names: `Aliabad , ※ SOURCE for `Aliabad « At 4 miles a broad clay plain is crossed, with two small forts and a village, 'Aliābād, about 2½ miles to the left. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 235 `Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052476 coordinate: lat 33.280656 long 51.173546 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , Mazra`eh-ye `Aliabad , علی آباد , مزرعه علی آباد , VARIANT names: `Aliabad , `Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052425 coordinate: lat 30.77 long 52.5586 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , علی آباد , VARIANT names: `Aliabad , `Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3841263 coordinate: lat 36.096987 long 52.272925 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , علی آباد , VARIANT names: `Aliabad , ※ SOURCE for `Aliabad « At last a little white edifice appeared among some thin trees far down the gorge. 'Siawisha?' I asked; that being our destination, and I having been told an hour and a half ago that it was two farsakhs distant. No-this was Aliabad. Siawisha was two farsakhs! I mentally cursed all things Persian, and the farsakh in particular. Only an hour to dark, so this must be our 'munzil,' and Siawisha still eight miles away. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 328 `Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052543 coordinate: lat 36.910109 long 54.867366 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , `Aliabad-e Katul , علی آباد , علی آباد کتول , VARIANT names: `Aliabad , Alliebode , ※ SOURCE for Alliebode « This daye we came [to] Alliebode ['Aliābād], a litle towne lying in a very plesant place. Here we picht ouer a gate that went into a mighid Imoom, 3 otherwise in English called a church wher a prophit lyes, hauing traveled 7 leauges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 48 `Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3805922 coordinate: lat 32.817578 long 58.766577 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , `Aliabad Bala , `Aliabad-e `Ali Nazar , `Aliabad-e Bala , علی آباد , علی آباد بالا , علی آباد علی نظر , VARIANT names: `Aliabad , `Amarat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062088 coordinate: lat 33.865973 long 49.578323 NIMA/GNS names: `Amarat , `Emarat , `Imarat , عمارت , VARIANT names: `Amarat , ※ SOURCE for `Amarat « Une petite rivière nommée Zarinroud arrose les champs envi-ronnans. Elle prend sa source près d'Amaret, à dix farsengs à l'E., et va se jeter dans celle de Poli-Tellac à huit farsengs de Thèhrân. [A small river named Zarinroud waters the surrounding fields. It rises near Amaret, ten farsengs to the E., and flows into the Poli-Tellac river, eight farsengs from Thèhrân.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 272 `Arababad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10846211 coordinate: lat 33.035402 long 57.680694 NIMA/GNS names: `Arababad , عرب آباد , VARIANT names: `Arababad , Gusta , ※ SOURCE for Gusta « The 21. day we trauelled some 6. forsongs to a towne called Gusta, where we rested a day and a night. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 51 101 sargah1 سرگاه یک : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 101 sargah1 سرگاه یک , ※ SOURCE for 101 sargah1 سرگاه یک « 101 in square 54-67 type structure * type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 102 sargah2سرگاه دو : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 102 sargah2سرگاه دو , ※ SOURCE for 102 sargah2سرگاه دو « 102 in square 54-67 type structure * type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 103 sargah3 (kūshkak)رگاه سه)کوشکک) : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 103 sargah3 (kūshkak)رگاه سه)کوشکک) , ※ SOURCE for 103 sargah3 (kūshkak)رگاه سه)کوشکک) « 103 in square 54-67 type structure * type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 104 Tumb-i but تمب بت : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 104 Tumb-i but تمب بت , ※ SOURCE for 104 Tumb-i but تمب بت « 104 in square 54-67 type structure * type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 106 ãsir¯ اسیر : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 106 ãsir¯ اسیر , ※ SOURCE for 106 ãsir¯ اسیر « 106 in square 54-67 type structure the centre of the east and west ten type hill: captured village » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 108 Takht-i pirs تخت پرس : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 108 Takht-i pirs تخت پرس , ※ SOURCE for 108 Takht-i pirs تخت پرس « 108 in square 54-67 type structure wall type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 109 Tumb-i bar تمب بر : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 109 Tumb-i bar تمب بر , ※ SOURCE for 109 Tumb-i bar تمب بر « 109 in square 54-68 type structure type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 110 Tumb-i talã تمب طلا : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 110 Tumb-i talã تمب طلا , ※ SOURCE for 110 Tumb-i talã تمب طلا « 110 in square 54-68 type structure type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 111 Bihristãn بهرستان : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 111 Bihristãn بهرستان , ※ SOURCE for 111 Bihristãn بهرستان « 111 in square 54-68 type structure * type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 112 Takht-i pirs تخت پرس : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 112 Takht-i pirs تخت پرس , ※ SOURCE for 112 Takht-i pirs تخت پرس « 112 in square 54-68 type structure wall type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 113 T. Zari : arch. site IRN UTM: 5253, 2942 converted to coordinate: lat 29.7 long 52.8833333333333 VARIANT names: 113 T. Zari , ※ SOURCE for 113 T. Zari « Other variants: none Details: The location of the site has been plotted by Whitcomb (1979: 368). No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 114 Galadãr گله دار : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 114 Galadãr گله دار , ※ SOURCE for 114 Galadãr گله دار « 114 in square 54-67 type structure cemetery type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 115 Fal فال : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 115 Fal فال , ※ SOURCE for 115 Fal فال « 115 in square 53-67 type structure cemetery type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 116 kalah gūri قلعه گوری : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 116 kalah gūri قلعه گوری , ※ SOURCE for 116 kalah gūri قلعه گوری « 116 in square 53-68 type structure castle type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 117 Tumb-i zyn تمب زین : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 117 Tumb-i zyn تمب زین , ※ SOURCE for 117 Tumb-i zyn تمب زین « 117 in square 53-68 type structure square building 17.70 x 17.70 type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 118 Muhr مُهر : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 118 Muhr مُهر , ※ SOURCE for 118 Muhr مُهر « 118 in square 52-69 type structure cemetery type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 119 S?ad-irah صادره : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 119 S?ad-irah صادره , ※ SOURCE for 119 S?ad-irah صادره « 119 in square 52-70 type structure cemetery type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 120 Faryab فاریاب : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 120 Faryab فاریاب , ※ SOURCE for 120 Faryab فاریاب « 120 in square 52-70 type structure * type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 121 Tang-i khuzy تنگ خوزی : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 121 Tang-i khuzy تنگ خوزی , ※ SOURCE for 121 Tang-i khuzy تنگ خوزی « 121 in square 51-70 type structure type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 122 Khūzy خوزی : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 122 Khūzy خوزی , ※ SOURCE for 122 Khūzy خوزی « 122 in square 51-70 type structure cemetery type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 123 Tang-i tirman تنگ ترمان : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 123 Tang-i tirman تنگ ترمان , ※ SOURCE for 123 Tang-i tirman تنگ ترمان « 123 in square 51-81 type structure * type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 124 Warawi وراوی : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 124 Warawi وراوی , ※ SOURCE for 124 Warawi وراوی « 124 in square 51-71 type structure bathroom type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 125 Sang-i cllih gah سنگ چله گاه : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 125 Sang-i cllih gah سنگ چله گاه , ※ SOURCE for 125 Sang-i cllih gah سنگ چله گاه « 125 in square 51-71 type structure students type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 126 Cah sharaf چاه شرف : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 126 Cah sharaf چاه شرف , ※ SOURCE for 126 Cah sharaf چاه شرف « 126 in square 51-72 type structure * type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 127 Haft brka هفت برکه : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 127 Haft brka هفت برکه , ※ SOURCE for 127 Haft brka هفت برکه « 127 in square 51-73 type structure against type hill: the approximate height of hill is 200 metres » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 128 Lamard لامرد : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 128 Lamard لامرد , ※ SOURCE for 128 Lamard لامرد « 128 in square 50-72 type structure * type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 129 Pangarū پنگرو : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 129 Pangarū پنگرو , ※ SOURCE for 129 Pangarū پنگرو « 129 in square 49-74 type structure cemetery type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 13 arch bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.47739 long 47.92676 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: 13 arch bridge , ※ SOURCE for 13 arch bridge « De l'autre côté de la montagne on découvre un village, qu'on laisse sur la droite. Nous suivons entre deux collines un grand vallon, où se trouve un hameau Nous traversons un pont de cinq arches, auquel fait suite un autre de treize. La mère de Feth Ali Chah les fit construire à son retour d'un pélérinage à Imân-Moussa, près de Bagdad. Sous ces ponts coule une rivière appelée Kiemonter-dèrè, qui prend sa source dans les montagnes au N. E. d'Hamadan, et va se joindre au Gaoumazo. [On the other side of the mountain we discover a village, which we leave on the right. We follow between two hills a large valley, where there is a hamlet. We cross a bridge of five arches, which is followed by another of thirteen. Feth Ali Shah's mother had them built on her return from a pilgrimage to Imân-Moussa, near Baghdad. Under these bridges flows a river called Kiemonter-dèrè, which rises in the mountains to the NE of Hamadan, and joins the Gaoumazo.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol.1 p. 253 130 Lawar-i khasht لاور خشت : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 130 Lawar-i khasht لاور خشت , ※ SOURCE for 130 Lawar-i khasht لاور خشت « 130 in square 49-75 type structure water seal type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 131 Kalat-i tang-i khūr کلات تنگ خور : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 131 Kalat-i tang-i khūr کلات تنگ خور , ※ SOURCE for 131 Kalat-i tang-i khūr کلات تنگ خور « 131 in square 49-75 type structure dez type hill: hill height 200 metres » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 132 Lawar-i khasht لاور خشت : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 132 Lawar-i khasht لاور خشت , ※ SOURCE for 132 Lawar-i khasht لاور خشت « 132 in square 49-75 type structure water bridge type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 133 Ruknabad رکن آباد : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 133 Ruknabad رکن آباد , ※ SOURCE for 133 Ruknabad رکن آباد « 133 in square 49-75 type structure water seal type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 134 Kalah-gūri قلعه گوری : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 134 Kalah-gūri قلعه گوری , ※ SOURCE for 134 Kalah-gūri قلعه گوری « 134 in square 49-75 type structure * type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 135 Tumb-i kunarū 1 تمب کنارو : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 135 Tumb-i kunarū 1 تمب کنارو , ※ SOURCE for 135 Tumb-i kunarū 1 تمب کنارو « 135 in square 49-75 type structure type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 136 Tumb-i kunarū 2 تمب کنارو : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 136 Tumb-i kunarū 2 تمب کنارو , ※ SOURCE for 136 Tumb-i kunarū 2 تمب کنارو « 136 in square 49-75 type structure type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 137 Ruknabad-w-Khasht رکن آباد و خشت : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 137 Ruknabad-w-Khasht رکن آباد و خشت , ※ SOURCE for 137 Ruknabad-w-Khasht رکن آباد و خشت « 137 in square 49-75 type structure water seal type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 138 Hamam-i Ali khan حمام علی خان : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 138 Hamam-i Ali khan حمام علی خان , ※ SOURCE for 138 Hamam-i Ali khan حمام علی خان « 138 in square 49-76 type structure bathroom type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 139 Masdjid-i Ali khan مسجد علی خان : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 139 Masdjid-i Ali khan مسجد علی خان , ※ SOURCE for 139 Masdjid-i Ali khan مسجد علی خان « 139 in square 49-76 type structure mosque type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 140 Kalah-i khan قلعه خان : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.1956601988929 long 53.7050204469459 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: 140 Kalah-i khan قلعه خان , ※ SOURCE for 140 Kalah-i khan قلعه خان « 140 in square 49-76 type structure castle type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 141 Masdjid-Bakir khan مسجد باقر خان : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 141 Masdjid-Bakir khan مسجد باقر خان , ※ SOURCE for 141 Masdjid-Bakir khan مسجد باقر خان « 141 in square 49-76 type structure mosque type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 142 Pasband پسبند : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 142 Pasband پسبند , ※ SOURCE for 142 Pasband پسبند « 142 in square 49-79 type structure blue mill oven type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 143 Pakalat پاقلات : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 143 Pakalat پاقلات , ※ SOURCE for 143 Pakalat پاقلات « 143 in square 50-78 type structure against type hill: 200 meters high on a hilly surface » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 144 Kal کال : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 144 Kal کال , ※ SOURCE for 144 Kal کال « 144 in square 49-78 type structure type hill: the hill is 6 metres high » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 145 Daralmizan دارالمیزان : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 145 Daralmizan دارالمیزان , ※ SOURCE for 145 Daralmizan دارالمیزان « 145 in square 57-65 type structure castle type hill: the hill is 6 metres high » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 146 Balbali بلبلی : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 146 Balbali بلبلی , ※ SOURCE for 146 Balbali بلبلی « 146 in square 56-67 type structure type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 147 I-mamzadih امامزاده حاصل : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 147 I-mamzadih امامزاده حاصل , ※ SOURCE for 147 I-mamzadih امامزاده حاصل « 147 in square 55-68 type structure * type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 148 Fakhrabi فخرایی : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 148 Fakhrabi فخرایی , ※ SOURCE for 148 Fakhrabi فخرایی « 148 in square 55-68 type structure Hauz Gauchah type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 149 Zalimi ظالمی : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 149 Zalimi ظالمی , ※ SOURCE for 149 Zalimi ظالمی « 149 in square 55-68 type structure P.Dodgers type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 150 Kalat-i z?alimi کلات ظالمی : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 150 Kalat-i z?alimi کلات ظالمی , ※ SOURCE for 150 Kalat-i z?alimi کلات ظالمی « 150 in square 55-68 type structure against type hill: hill height 40 metres » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 151 Wardawan وردوان : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 151 Wardawan وردوان , ※ SOURCE for 151 Wardawan وردوان « 151 in square 55-69 type structure three mills type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 152 Tal-i shahr تل شهر : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 152 Tal-i shahr تل شهر , ※ SOURCE for 152 Tal-i shahr تل شهر « 152 in square 54-70 type structure castle type hill: hill height 20 metres » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 153 Khafrūyah خفرویه : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 153 Khafrūyah خفرویه , ※ SOURCE for 153 Khafrūyah خفرویه « 153 in square 53-70 type structure castle type hill: hill height 100 metres » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 154 Tal-i djat تل جت : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 154 Tal-i djat تل جت , ※ SOURCE for 154 Tal-i djat تل جت « 154 in square 53-70 type structure type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 155 Tal-i Ala-marw-dasht تل علامرودشت : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 155 Tal-i Ala-marw-dasht تل علامرودشت , ※ SOURCE for 155 Tal-i Ala-marw-dasht تل علامرودشت « 155 in square 53-70 type structure * type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 156 Kalat-i khishti کلات خشتی : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 156 Kalat-i khishti کلات خشتی , ※ SOURCE for 156 Kalat-i khishti کلات خشتی « 156 in square 54-71 type structure castle type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 157 Tal-i dawati تل دعوتی : arch. site IRN 158 Sadda سدّا : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 158 Sadda سدّا , ※ SOURCE for 158 Sadda سدّا « 158 in square 54-71 type structure water seal type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 159 Kalat-i djūmashūr کلات جومه شور : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 159 Kalat-i djūmashūr کلات جومه شور , ※ SOURCE for 159 Kalat-i djūmashūr کلات جومه شور « 159 in square 53-71 type structure castle type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 160 Dih nūw ده نو : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 160 Dih nūw ده نو , ※ SOURCE for 160 Dih nūw ده نو « 160 in square 53-71 type structure cemetery type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 161 Shah pir-i ghaib شاه پیر غیب : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 161 Shah pir-i ghaib شاه پیر غیب , ※ SOURCE for 161 Shah pir-i ghaib شاه پیر غیب « 161 in square 53-71 type structure cemetery type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 162 Rugir روگیر : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 162 Rugir روگیر , ※ SOURCE for 162 Rugir روگیر « 162 in square 52-72 type structure cemetery type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 163 Tal-i musa تل موسی : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 163 Tal-i musa تل موسی , ※ SOURCE for 163 Tal-i musa تل موسی « 163 in square 53-73 type structure type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 164 Tal-i khandak تل خندق : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 164 Tal-i khandak تل خندق , ※ SOURCE for 164 Tal-i khandak تل خندق « 164 in square 53-73 type structure type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 165 Mullaiy ملایی : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 165 Mullaiy ملایی , ※ SOURCE for 165 Mullaiy ملایی « 165 in square 52-73 type structure cemetery type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 166 shahzadih ibrahim شاهزاده ابراهیم : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 166 shahzadih ibrahim شاهزاده ابراهیم , ※ SOURCE for 166 shahzadih ibrahim شاهزاده ابراهیم « 166 in square 52-73 type structure * type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 167 cahar tak-w khairgū چهار طاق و خیرگو : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 167 cahar tak-w khairgū چهار طاق و خیرگو , ※ SOURCE for 167 cahar tak-w khairgū چهار طاق و خیرگو « 167 in square 52-73 type structure * type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 168 Dih gac?i ده گچی : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.460675126364 long 53.3902653206579 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: 168 Dih gac?i ده گچی , ※ SOURCE for 168 Dih gac?i ده گچی(Arch. Site) « 168 in square 52-74 type structure type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 169 Dih kuhneh ده کهنه : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 169 Dih kuhneh ده کهنه , ※ SOURCE for 169 Dih kuhneh ده کهنه « 169 in square 52-74 type structure bathroom type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 170 Gul rukh گُلرخ : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 170 Gul rukh گُلرخ , ※ SOURCE for 170 Gul rukh گُلرخ « 170 in square 51-75 type structure castle type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 171 shah zin a°labidin شاه زین العابدین : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 171 shah zin a°labidin شاه زین العابدین , ※ SOURCE for 171 shah zin a°labidin شاه زین العابدین « 171 in square 51-76 type structure (imamzadeh) type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 172 Kūpir کوپیر : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 172 Kūpir کوپیر , ※ SOURCE for 172 Kūpir کوپیر « 172 in square 51-76 type structure type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 173 Silūwar سِلُووَر : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 173 Silūwar سِلُووَر , ※ SOURCE for 173 Silūwar سِلُووَر « 173 in square 51-76 type structure type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 174 Faryab فاریاب : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 174 Faryab فاریاب , ※ SOURCE for 174 Faryab فاریاب « 174 in square 51-76 type structure type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 175 Pir-i bul پیر بُل : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 175 Pir-i bul پیر بُل , ※ SOURCE for 175 Pir-i bul پیر بُل « 175 in square 52-76 type structure type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 176 Gumpū گمپو : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: 176 Gumpū گمپو , ※ SOURCE for 176 Gumpū گمپو « 176 in square 52-76 type structure type hill: » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. 17k-fa new Kalatou : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.648603 long 54.705979 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: 17k-fa new Kalatou , ※ SOURCE for 17k-fa new Kalatou « La vallée est singulièrement inégale. Le terrain est mouvant et couvert de cette matière blanchâtre appelée pierre-à-Jésus. Nous pas- sons plusieurs fois le Kalatou, petite rivièra qui coule de gauche à droite, et se jette dans la mer, près de Bender-Nakhilou. [The valley is singularly uneven. The ground is shifting and covered with that whitish matter called Jesus stone. We pass several times the Kalatou, a small river which flows from left to right, and empties into the sea, near Bender-Nakhilou.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 431 26 53 : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074021 coordinate: lat 26.862937 long 54.330319 NIMA/GNS names: Maragh , مراغ , VARIANT names: 26 53 , Marbagh , ※ SOURCE for 26 53 « Maragh » in {map#1214 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Parts of Persia and Arabia, Surveyor General of India, , University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet 18 1908} ※ SOURCE for Marbagh « MARBAGH-LAT. 26° 53' N. (?); LONG. 54° 24' Ε. (?). A halting-place on the road from Mughü Bay to Shiraz, 18 miles from the former. Water from spring and wells.-(Jones.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 p. 710 [The above coordinates are 7.4 km at bearing of 73° from Maragh.] « 1 MARBAGH 18m. General direction N.-W. Six hours. The road is over undulating ridges and through passes. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 459 2nd desert camp : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.831389 long 55.156485 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: 2nd desert camp , ※ SOURCE for 2nd desert camp « This is the usual camping place, but we dare not stop, and therefore push on after filling our water bags, and march up a narrow valley, the road skirting and occasionally crossing a nullah which runs down its centre. At 13 miles through a narrow defile; then descend into the nullah, leave it, and after passing over rough ground, halt at the second camp in the desert. ... Distance, 15 miles. Time, 6 hours 40 minutes, Water, none. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 12 324 Sistan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5256, 2944 converted to coordinate: lat 29.7333333333333 long 52.9333333333333 VARIANT names: 324 Sistan , ※ SOURCE for 324 Sistan « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 369 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5250, 2952 converted to coordinate: lat 29.8666666666667 long 52.8333333333333 VARIANT names: 369 , ※ SOURCE for 369 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 377 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5251, 2954 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9 long 52.85 VARIANT names: 377 , ※ SOURCE for 377 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 384 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5251, 2952 converted to coordinate: lat 29.8666666666667 long 52.85 VARIANT names: 384 , ※ SOURCE for 384 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 390 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5252, 2950 converted to coordinate: lat 29.8333333333333 long 52.8666666666667 VARIANT names: 390 , ※ SOURCE for 390 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 393 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5251, 2954 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9 long 52.85 VARIANT names: 393 , ※ SOURCE for 393 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 396 T Shaikh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5250, 2950 converted to coordinate: lat 29.8333333333333 long 52.8333333333333 VARIANT names: 396 T Shaikh , ※ SOURCE for 396 T Shaikh « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 397 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5254, 2954 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9 long 52.9 VARIANT names: 397 , ※ SOURCE for 397 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 399 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5256, 2952 converted to coordinate: lat 29.8666666666667 long 52.9333333333333 VARIANT names: 399 , ※ SOURCE for 399 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 3rd camp : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.077001 long 55.110819 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: 3rd camp , ※ SOURCE for 3rd camp « Then it again descends, and at 15 miles passes a small spring of fresh water in a pool about 2 feet 6 inches square and 2 feet deep, sufficient to fill 4 mussucks, with but slight overflow. Then forward over rocks and gravel, until at 16 miles we halt in the stream bed » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 14 3X1 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5245, 2945 converted to coordinate: lat 29.75 long 52.75 VARIANT names: 3X1 , ※ SOURCE for 3X1 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 500 Bar Chenar -Abad Koreh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5244, 2950 converted to coordinate: lat 29.8333333333333 long 52.7333333333333 VARIANT names: 500 Bar Chenar -Abad Koreh , ※ SOURCE for 500 Bar Chenar -Abad Koreh « Other variants: Tabas Gilaki Details: See 113. The second Site Card associated with site 500 has the toponym Tabas Gilaki written on the back (Site Card 1:485). The site may also be referred to by this name. No. of sherds: 8 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 501 Dasht-i- Bayad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5245, 2950 converted to coordinate: lat 29.8333333333333 long 52.75 VARIANT names: 501 Dasht-i- Bayad , ※ SOURCE for 501 Dasht-i- Bayad « Other variants: none Details: See 113 No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 502 Ak Tepe : arch. site IRN UTM: 5240, 2959 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9833333333333 long 52.6666666666667 VARIANT names: 502 Ak Tepe , ※ SOURCE for 502 Ak Tepe « Other variants: Junabad, Ak Tepe Junabad Details: See 113. The Site Card for site 502 has Junabad written on the back (Site Card 1: 487), the site may therefore be referred to as Ak Tepe, Junabad or Ak Tepe Junabad. No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 504 T. Shah Grabb : arch. site IRN UTM: 5241, 2957 converted to coordinate: lat 29.95 long 52.6833333333333 VARIANT names: 504 T. Shah Grabb , ※ SOURCE for 504 T. Shah Grabb « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 507 Jarmaq : arch. site IRN UTM: 5239, 3000 converted to coordinate: lat 30 long 52.65 VARIANT names: 507 Jarmaq , ※ SOURCE for 507 Jarmaq « Other variants: Jarma Q. Details: See 113. The toponym is not written clearly (Site Card 1: 490) and may be either Jarmag or Jarma Q. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 513 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5241, 3002 converted to coordinate: lat 30.0333333333333 long 52.6833333333333 VARIANT names: 513 , ※ SOURCE for 513 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 514 Fulanak : arch. site IRN UTM: 5240, 2959 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9833333333333 long 52.6666666666667 VARIANT names: 514 Fulanak , ※ SOURCE for 514 Fulanak « Other variants: Takinabad Details: See 113. The Site Card for site 514 has Takinabad written on the back (Site Card 1: 492), the site may therefore be referred to as Fulanak or Takinabad. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 519 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5237, 3003 converted to coordinate: lat 30.05 long 52.6166666666667 VARIANT names: 519 , ※ SOURCE for 519 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 531 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5239, 2956 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9333333333333 long 52.65 VARIANT names: 531 , ※ SOURCE for 531 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 534 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5238, 2953 converted to coordinate: lat 29.8833333333333 long 52.6333333333333 VARIANT names: 534 , ※ SOURCE for 534 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 536 Bust : arch. site IRN UTM: 5241, 2956 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9333333333333 long 52.6833333333333 VARIANT names: 536 Bust , ※ SOURCE for 536 Bust « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 549 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5236, 3007 converted to coordinate: lat 30.1166666666667 long 52.6 VARIANT names: 549 , ※ SOURCE for 549 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 551 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5232, 3003 converted to coordinate: lat 30.05 long 52.5333333333333 VARIANT names: 551 , ※ SOURCE for 551 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 554 Talus : arch. site IRN UTM: 5232, 3005 converted to coordinate: lat 30.0833333333333 long 52.5333333333333 VARIANT names: 554 Talus , ※ SOURCE for 554 Talus « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 555 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5231, 3003 converted to coordinate: lat 30.05 long 52.5166666666667 VARIANT names: 555 , ※ SOURCE for 555 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 559 Khur : arch. site IRN UTM: 5241, 2934 converted to coordinate: lat 29.5666666666667 long 52.6833333333333 VARIANT names: 559 Khur , ※ SOURCE for 559 Khur « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 5 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 560 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5240, 2948 converted to coordinate: lat 29.8 long 52.6666666666667 VARIANT names: 560 , ※ SOURCE for 560 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 564 Kumbinan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5236, 2950 converted to coordinate: lat 29.8333333333333 long 52.6 VARIANT names: 564 Kumbinan , ※ SOURCE for 564 Kumbinan « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 565 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5235, 2951 converted to coordinate: lat 29.85 long 52.5833333333333 VARIANT names: 565 , ※ SOURCE for 565 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 567 Zurhuh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5232, 2953 converted to coordinate: lat 29.8833333333333 long 52.5333333333333 VARIANT names: 567 Zurhuh , ※ SOURCE for 567 Zurhuh « Other variants: Zirkum Details: See 113. The toponym is not written clearly (Site Card 1: 369) and may be either Zurhuh or Zirkum. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 570 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5237, 3006 converted to coordinate: lat 30.1 long 52.6166666666667 VARIANT names: 570 , ※ SOURCE for 570 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 571 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5237, 3006 converted to coordinate: lat 30.1 long 52.6166666666667 VARIANT names: 571 , ※ SOURCE for 571 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 577 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5235, 3005 converted to coordinate: lat 30.0833333333333 long 52.5833333333333 VARIANT names: 577 , ※ SOURCE for 577 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 586 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5235, 3005 converted to coordinate: lat 30.0833333333333 long 52.5833333333333 VARIANT names: 586 , ※ SOURCE for 586 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 590 T. Qab Ramtird : arch. site IRN UTM: 5238, 3007 converted to coordinate: lat 30.1166666666667 long 52.6333333333333 VARIANT names: 590 T. Qab Ramtird , ※ SOURCE for 590 T. Qab Ramtird « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 593 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5235, 3007 converted to coordinate: lat 30.1166666666667 long 52.5833333333333 VARIANT names: 593 , ※ SOURCE for 593 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 5A2 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5237,2954 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9 long 52.6166666666667 VARIANT names: 5A2 , ※ SOURCE for 5A2 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 5B1 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5247,2959 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9833333333333 long 52.7833333333333 VARIANT names: 5B1 , ※ SOURCE for 5B1 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 5B9 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5244, 3001 converted to coordinate: lat 30.0166666666667 long 52.7333333333333 VARIANT names: 5B9 , ※ SOURCE for 5B9 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 5C5 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5241, 2958 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9666666666667 long 52.6833333333333 VARIANT names: 5C5 , ※ SOURCE for 5C5 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 9 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 5C8 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5241, 2958 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9666666666667 long 52.6833333333333 VARIANT names: 5C8 , ※ SOURCE for 5C8 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 5E2 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5239, 2957 converted to coordinate: lat 29.95 long 52.65 VARIANT names: 5E2 , ※ SOURCE for 5E2 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 8 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 5E3 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5237, 2955 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9166666666667 long 52.6166666666667 VARIANT names: 5E3 , ※ SOURCE for 5E3 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 5 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 5F3 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5235, 2945 converted to coordinate: lat 29.75 long 52.5833333333333 VARIANT names: 5F3 , ※ SOURCE for 5F3 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 5G2 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5234, 2957 converted to coordinate: lat 29.95 long 52.5666666666667 VARIANT names: 5G2 , ※ SOURCE for 5G2 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 5J2 Shabankar- ah : arch. site IRN UTM: 5233, 3003 converted to coordinate: lat 30.05 long 52.55 VARIANT names: 5J2 Shabankar- ah , ※ SOURCE for 5J2 Shabankar- ah « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 5N7 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5236, 2955 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9166666666667 long 52.6 VARIANT names: 5N7 , ※ SOURCE for 5N7 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 5T9 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5229, 3005 converted to coordinate: lat 30.0833333333333 long 52.4833333333333 VARIANT names: 5T9 , ※ SOURCE for 5T9 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 5Y6 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5228, 3000 converted to coordinate: lat 30 long 52.4666666666667 VARIANT names: 5Y6 , ※ SOURCE for 5Y6 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 607 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5251, 2956 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9333333333333 long 52.85 VARIANT names: 607 , ※ SOURCE for 607 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 616 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5251, 3000 converted to coordinate: lat 30 long 52.85 VARIANT names: 616 , ※ SOURCE for 616 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 632 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5246, 2951 converted to coordinate: lat 29.85 long 52.7666666666667 VARIANT names: 632 , ※ SOURCE for 632 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 633 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5248, 2954 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9 long 52.8 VARIANT names: 633 , ※ SOURCE for 633 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 634 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5253, 2959 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9833333333333 long 52.8833333333333 VARIANT names: 634 , ※ SOURCE for 634 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 638 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5248, 2958 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9666666666667 long 52.8 VARIANT names: 638 , ※ SOURCE for 638 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 639 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5247, 2558 converted to coordinate: lat 29.966667 long 52.7833333333333 VARIANT names: 639 , ※ SOURCE for 639 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 [above table p. 390 coordinatesfor 639 given as 5247, 2558. possible typo error so amended to 5247, 2958. PBR] 644 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5250, 2958 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9666666666667 long 52.8333333333333 VARIANT names: 644 , ※ SOURCE for 644 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 645 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5249, 2956 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9333333333333 long 52.8166666666667 VARIANT names: 645 , ※ SOURCE for 645 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 665 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5249, 2956 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9333333333333 long 52.8166666666667 VARIANT names: 665 , ※ SOURCE for 665 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 669 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5248, 2958 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9666666666667 long 52.8 VARIANT names: 669 , ※ SOURCE for 669 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 678 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5243, 3005 converted to coordinate: lat 30.0833333333333 long 52.7166666666667 VARIANT names: 678 , ※ SOURCE for 678 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 684 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5248, 2959 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9833333333333 long 52.8 VARIANT names: 684 , ※ SOURCE for 684 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 819 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5200, 2930 converted to coordinate: lat 29.5 long 52 VARIANT names: 819 , ※ SOURCE for 819 « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 A`la : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3823150 coordinate: lat 31.328176 long 50.106466 NIMA/GNS names: A`la , Qal`eh A`la , اعلا , قلعه اعلا , VARIANT names: A`la , A10 Mehtabi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5520, 2647 converted to coordinate: lat 26.7833333333333 long 55.3333333333333 VARIANT names: A10 Mehtabi , ※ SOURCE for A10 Mehtabi « Other variants: See A8 Details: See A8. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 A11 Bandar Soflan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5514, 2645 converted to coordinate: lat 26.75 long 55.2333333333333 VARIANT names: A11 Bandar Soflan , ※ SOURCE for A11 Bandar Soflan « Other variants: Bandar Suflin, Berkeh-ye Soflin, Berkeh Sofle Details: Equivalent versions of the place name, Bandar Suflin and Berkeh-ye Soflin, are listed in more than one location, but only one of the locations falls within the relevant region (USBGN: 59). A further variant of the same name, Berkeh Sofleyn, is marked (TPC Sheet H-7D) and the location of this is given. No. of sherds: 45 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 A12 Moalem : arch. site IRN UTM: 5530, 2639 converted to coordinate: lat 26.65 long 55.5 VARIANT names: A12 Moalem , ※ SOURCE for A12 Moalem « Other variants: Mu'allim Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Mu'allim, is listed and the location of this is given (Adamec, 1989: 551). The Site Card for Al2 also contains the sub-heading Pol Angur 3, but the reason for the second toponym is not clear. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 A13 Moalem : arch. site IRN UTM: 5530, 2639 converted to coordinate: lat 26.65 long 55.5 VARIANT names: A13 Moalem , ※ SOURCE for A13 Moalem « Other variants: Mu'allim Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Mu'allim, is listed and the location of this is given (Adamec, 1989: 551). The Site Card for A13 also contains the sub-heading Mehtabi 2, but the reason for the second toponym is not clear. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 A14 Moalem : arch. site IRN UTM: 5530, 2639 converted to coordinate: lat 26.65 long 55.5 VARIANT names: A14 Moalem , ※ SOURCE for A14 Moalem « Other variants: Mu'allim Details: location of this is given (Adamec, 1989: 551). No. of sherds: 11 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 A15 Khamir : arch. site IRN UTM: 5536, 2657 converted to coordinate: lat 26.95 long 55.6 VARIANT names: A15 Khamir , ※ SOURCE for A15 Khamir « Other variants: none Details: The location of Khamir is given (USBGN: 280). A large fort and high tower are said to occupy the centre of the town (C and S: 159). No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 A17 Kung : arch. site IRN UTM: 5456, 2635 converted to coordinate: lat 26.594444 long 54.942222 VARIANT names: A17 Kung , ※ SOURCE for A17 Kung « Other variants: Bandar-e Kong Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Bandar-e Kong, is listed and the location of this is given (USBGN: 59). No. of sherds: 66 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « coordinates corrected » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 757 A18 Kung : arch. site IRN UTM: 5456, 2635 converted to coordinate: lat 26.594444 long 54.942222 VARIANT names: A18 Kung , ※ SOURCE for A18 Kung « Other variants: See Al7 Details: See A17. The Site Card for A18 also contains the sub-heading ‘Kung kiln’. No. of sherds: 227 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « coordinates corrected » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 757 A19 Kung : arch. site IRN UTM: 5456, 2635 converted to coordinate: lat 26.594444 long 54.942222 VARIANT names: A19 Kung , ※ SOURCE for A19 Kung « Other variants: See Al7 Details: See Al7. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « coordinates corrected » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 757 A2 T. Podal- Lamzam : arch. site IRN UTM: 5458, 2700 converted to coordinate: lat 27 long 54.9666666666667 VARIANT names: A2 T. Podal- Lamzam , ※ SOURCE for A2 T. Podal- Lamzam « Other variants: Podol- Lemazan, Podal Details: The town of Podol lies within the Lemazan district, which explains the construction used by Williamson. The position of Podal is marked (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 5 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 A20 Kung : arch. site IRN UTM: 5456, 2635 converted to coordinate: lat 26.594444 long 54.942222 VARIANT names: A20 Kung , ※ SOURCE for A20 Kung « Other variants: See Al7 Details: See Al7. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « coordinates corrected » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 757 A21 Qaleh Leshtan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5450, 2634 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5666666666667 long 54.8333333333333 VARIANT names: A21 Qaleh Leshtan , ※ SOURCE for A21 Qaleh Leshtan « Other variants: Qal'at Leshtan Details: The location on an equivalent version of the place name, Qal'at Leshtan, is marked (Rougeulle, 1996: 169). The place is described as being situated on a precipitous hill with ruined fortifications and water tanks and was apparently visited in 1694 by Gemelli Carreri (C and S: 172-73). No. of sherds: 127 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 A3 Pol Angur : arch. site IRN UTM: 5552, 2714 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2333333333333 long 55.8666666666667 VARIANT names: A3 Pol Angur , ※ SOURCE for A3 Pol Angur « Other variants: Pul- Anguran, Pul Details: The site is difficult to locate. The best guess is that it is a bridge at Anguran although it could also be the peninsula at Pul, which has been noted as a site with ruined water tanks at E5545/N2659 (C and S: 159). No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 A4 Pol Angur : arch. site IRN UTM: 5552, 2714 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2333333333333 long 55.8666666666667 VARIANT names: A4 Pol Angur , ※ SOURCE for A4 Pol Angur « Other variants: See A3 Details: See A3. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 A8 Mehtabi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5520, 2647 converted to coordinate: lat 26.7833333333333 long 55.3333333333333 VARIANT names: A8 Mehtabi , ※ SOURCE for A8 Mehtabi « Other variants: Bandar-e Mahtabi Details: More than one location is listed for an equivalent version of the place name, Bandar-e Mahtabi, but only one of these falls within the relevant region. The location of this is given (USBGN: 59). No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 A9 Mehtabi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5520, 2647 converted to coordinate: lat 26.7833333333333 long 55.3333333333333 VARIANT names: A9 Mehtabi , ※ SOURCE for A9 Mehtabi « Other variants: See A8 Details: See A8. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 AA1 Hormuz : arch. site IRN UTM: 5628, 2704 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0666666666667 long 56.4666666666667 VARIANT names: AA1 Hormuz , ※ SOURCE for AA1 Hormuz « Other variants: none Details: The location of Hormuz is marked (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 594 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 AA2 Hormuz : arch. site IRN UTM: 5628, 2704 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0666666666667 long 56.4666666666667 VARIANT names: AA2 Hormuz , ※ SOURCE for AA2 Hormuz « Other variants: none Details: See AAI. No. of sherds: 24 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 AA3 Hormuz : arch. site IRN UTM: 5628, 2704 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0666666666667 long 56.4666666666667 VARIANT names: AA3 Hormuz , ※ SOURCE for AA3 Hormuz « Other variants: none Details: See AAI. No. of sherds: 41 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 AAC Hormuz : arch. site IRN UTM: 5628, 2704 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0666666666667 long 56.4666666666667 VARIANT names: AAC Hormuz , ※ SOURCE for AAC Hormuz « Other variants: none Details: See AAI. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 AAP Hormuz : arch. site IRN UTM: 5628, 2704 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0666666666667 long 56.4666666666667 VARIANT names: AAP Hormuz , ※ SOURCE for AAP Hormuz « Other variants: none Details: See AAI. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Ab Ali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 11178570 coordinate: lat 30.174747 long 54.292586 NIMA/GNS names: Ab `Ali , Cheshmeh Ab`ali , Sarghain , Sargheyn , چشمه آبعلی , VARIANT names: Ab Ali , ※ SOURCE for Ab Ali « After clearing the Khdra oasis, which is. bisected by a fine stream, we entered the Kavir, on the edge of which stands the tiny hamlet of Sorghin, owned by an Arab; » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 79 Ab Anarak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3051358 coordinate: lat 28.9645 long 54.297 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Anarak , Ab Anarak , Ab-e Anarak , Ab-e Narak , Fath ol Mobin , آب انارك , فتح المبین , VARIANT names: Ab Anarak , Ab-i-narak , ※ SOURCE for Ab Anarak « Ab Narak » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Niriz H-40M 1942} « Ab-narak » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-narak « After 7 miles we reached the small hamlet of Ab-i-nārak, still on the Ij side of the low watershed towards Dārāb. Close to it, on a small piece of ground rising only a couple of feet above the field level, some flint blades and painted potsherds of the Kanakan type were picked up. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 182 Ab Anbar-e `Ali Vash : place IRN (cistern) NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: 14938249 coordinate: lat 32.08919 long 53.88709 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Anbar-e `Ali Vash , آب انبار علی وش , VARIANT names: Ab Anbar-e `Ali Vash , Ab Anbar-e Bozorgi : place IRN (cistern) NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: 14938247 coordinate: lat 32.06309 long 53.94586 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Anbar-e Bozorgi , آب انبار بزرگی , VARIANT names: Ab Anbar-e Bozorgi , Ab Anbar-e Esma`il : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: 248124 coordinate: lat 32.321944 long 54.248056 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Anbar-e Esma`il , Howz-e Gowr-e Shadrok , آب انبار اسماعيل , حوض گور شدرك , VARIANT names: Ab Anbar-e Esma`il , Ab Anbar-e Mohammad : place IRN (cistern) NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: 14938246 coordinate: lat 32.0162 long 53.92985 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Anbar-e Mohammad , آب انبار محمد , VARIANT names: Ab Anbar-e Mohammad , Ab Anbar-e Rabi : place IRN (cistern) NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: -3080558 coordinate: lat 32.311212 long 54.416304 Supplement: Ab Anbar-e Rabi آب انبار ربيع NIMA/GNS names: Ab Anbar-e Rabi` , آب انبار ربيع , VARIANT names: Ab Anbar-e Rabi , Ab Anbar-e Shahid Habib-e `Abbaspur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: 10871446 coordinate: lat 32.342295 long 54.237014 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Anbar-e Shahid Habib-e `Abbaspur , آب انبار شهيد حبيب عباسپور , VARIANT names: Ab Anbar-e Shahid Habib-e `Abbaspur , Ab Anbar-e Shahreyar : place IRN (cistern) NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: -3084209 coordinate: lat 32.371263 long 54.362158 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Anbar-e Ma`dan-e Sulakhu , Ab Anbar-e Shahreyar , Abanbar-e Shahriar , آب انبار معدن سولاخو , VARIANT names: Ab Anbar-e Shahreyar , Ab Bad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 13927347 coordinate: lat 28.138641 long 53.12752 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Bad , Cheshmeh-ye Ab Ma`dani-ye Akbar Yad , آب باد , چشمه آب معدنی اکبر یاد , VARIANT names: Ab Bad , ※ SOURCE for Ab Bad « At 15 miles pass date grove Ab-Bad at N. mouth of gorge, the river here turns N.-N.-E. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 287 Ab Barik : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051366 coordinate: lat 28.088556 long 54.108075 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Barik , Ab Barikeh , Ab-e Barik , آب باریکه , VARIANT names: Ab Barik , Ab Barik : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3755006 coordinate: lat 30.706152 long 52.482504 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Barik , آب باریک , VARIANT names: Ab Barik , Whoomgesh , ※ SOURCE for Whoomgesh « location approximate being south of the river Thymar and north of Affepofe » PBR Ab Bordeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 213384 coordinate: lat 29.0572 long 57.5798 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Bordeh , آب برده , VARIANT names: Ab Bordeh , ※ SOURCE for Ab Bordeh « Very difficult track for laden beasts in the bed of the stream that waters Dilfard.At 7 miles a small caravanserai in good repair, while at 8 miles the summit of the Sarbizan pass » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 327 Ab Garma : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.796243 long 57.767134 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ab Garma , ※ SOURCE for Ab Garma « To return to our journey, we left our flour mill on January 1st, and spent our New Year's Day slowly mounting a big "fan" of detritus at the end of our long plain. We progressed from small gravel up to larger and larger stones and boulders, and finally struck into the mountains to the right up a sort of river-bed ravine past a spot known as Chasma i Duz dian "The Spring of Thieves" to a bleak and barren camping-ground at Ab Garmá "Warm Water" » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 19 Ab Kaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051506 coordinate: lat 27.3865 long 53.6692 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Ganeh , Ab Gineh , Ab Kaneh , Ab Keneh , Abkaneh , Abkaneh , آب گنه , آبکنه , ابکنه , VARIANT names: Ab Kaneh , Ab Kubr Island : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3096649 coordinate: lat 29.0666667 long 48.5 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Kubr Island , Al Kubbar , Al Kuber , Al Kubr , Jazirat al Kubr , Jazirat Kubar , Jazirat Kubbar , Kuber , Kubra Island , VARIANT names: Ab Kubr Island , Khubber Island , ※ SOURCE for Khubber Island « MULMARADAM ISLAND, in lat. 28° 48' N., about 6 or 7 leagues to the eastward of Ras-ul-zoor, is the southernmost island fronting this part of the coast; Garrow Island, lat. 28° 54' N. lies 4 or 5 leagues to the N. E. of Mulmaradam; and Khubber Island, in 29° 7 N. lies to the N. W.ward of Garrow, all of them being thought safe to approach, with good channels between them; and there is a safe channel between these islands and the coast, leading to the entrance of Graen Haven, but the passage to the eastward of them is generally used by the Company's Packets, which frequent Graen Haven. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817 ~ vol. 1 p. 272 Ab Mah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051533 coordinate: lat 27.8318 long 56.0051 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Mar , Abmah , آب مار , آبماه , VARIANT names: Ab Mah , Abmah , ※ SOURCE for Ab Mah « Thence across the valley again over stony ground to Ab-Mar, lying on the N.-E. side of the valley at 16 miles. Here are a few houses. It is better to go on another 4½ miles further north, where there is a little water in a nālā; it shortens the next stage. Leaving Ab-Mar, direction N.-E. the valley widens out into an open plain bounded on the N.-E. by a lofty range. The road then swings round and assumes a northerly direction, a ridge of hills being close on the right. From here the route lies over a stony plateau for about a mile and then drops left bank » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 492 ※ SOURCE for Abmah « Then gradually descending, it entered the dry bed of a river, and follow- ing this for some 5 miles, passed the village of Abmah, about a mile to the left. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 19 Ab Pakhsh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: DTCH UFI: -3760508 coordinate: lat 29.358618 long 51.074226 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Pakhsh , آب پخش , VARIANT names: Ab Pakhsh , Ab seiur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.046207 long 55.810748 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ab seiur , ※ SOURCE for Ab seiur « La notte poi, venute le provvisioni molto tardi, un'ora forse dopo mezzanotte, ricominciammo a camminare. Con tre leghe solamente di viaggio, si andò sempre per una gran pianura, attraversandola tutta da parte a parte, da tramontana a mezzogiorno; e passato un piccolo fiumicello di acqua salata, che taglia in quel luogo la strada, e si chiama Ab seiur, cioè acqua salsa: [Then at night, when the supplies arrived very late, perhaps an hour after midnight, we started walking again. With only three leagues of travel, we always went across a large plain, crossing it completely from side to side, from north to south; and passed a small river of salt water, which cuts the road in that place, and is called Ab seiur, that is, salt water:] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 234 Ab Zark : stream grp 31 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3089147 coordinate: lat 31.369098 long 49.725382 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Zarg , Ab Zark , Ab Zark , VARIANT names: Ab Zark , Abū Baqarah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786600 coordinate: lat 24.868005 long 56.403865 NIMA/GNS names: Abu Baqarah , Abu Baqrah , Bu Baqarah , أبو بقرة , VARIANT names: Abu Bakara , Abū Baqarah , Abubugarah , ※ SOURCE for Abu Bakara « Abu Bakara » in {map#1009 Chart 2837a. Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet, Constable, Stiffe, Guy, Brucks, 1860, 'Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet' [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837a, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Abū Baqarah « Bu Baqarah بر بقره [name] 200 houses of Za'ab and Bani Jabir. [Houses and inhabitants.] Wadi-al-Qor reaches the sea at this place. Tobacco, wheat and millet are grown, and there are 10 camels, 20 donkeys, 30 cattle and 200 sheep and goats, also 2,000 dates and 25 Shashahs [remarks] » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1811 ※ SOURCE for Abubugarah « Abubugarah » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. Wellsted Royal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} Abadan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051014 coordinate: lat 30.3392 long 48.3043 NIMA/GNS names: Abadan , آبادان , VARIANT names: Abadan , Mehdan , ※ SOURCE for Mehdan « Mehdân » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 Abadan Isl. : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3051016 coordinate: lat 30.0763 long 48.5654 NIMA/GNS names: `Abbadan Island , Abadan , Abadan Island , Jazirat al Khidr , Jazirat-al-Khidhar , Jazirat-al-Khidhr , Jazireh-e-Abadan , Jazireh-ye `Abbadan , Jazireh-ye Abadan , Jazireh-ye Abadan , Jezirat al Khidhr , جزیره آبادان , VARIANT names: Abadan Isl. , Abbadan , Appadan , Apphana , Cauder , Ghadder , Kab I. , Mouzique , mursiqe , Murzique , Teredon , ※ SOURCE for Abadan Isl. « As early as the campaigns of the Assyrian Sennacharib (ca. 700 BC) there is reference to an island at the mouth of the Euphrates, and Ptolemy refers to the island of Apphana. Pliny refers to the island in the first century AD, as does the great Arab geographer Yaqut (1179–1229),who mentions Abadan as the port at the mouth of the Euphrates. By the fourteenth century, Abadan was six miles from the open sea. By the 1900s, it was twenty miles from the open Gulf. » #2915 ed. M. R. T. Dumper and B. E. Stanley, Cities of the Middle East and North Africa : a historical encyclopedia, ABC-CLIO, Inc, 2007 Santa Barbara, California ~ p. 1 ※ SOURCE for Abbadan « ABBADAN (ABADAN) stands on the south-west side of the island of the same name, on the left bank of the Shatt al-Arab. It is believed to have been founded by a holy man named Abbad in the 8th or gth century A.D. (the people of Basra used to add the termination "in" to a proper name in order to change it into a place name). In those days 'Abbadan was on the sea coast, but with the gra- dual extension of the delta of the Shatt al-Arab, it is now over 30 miles from the head of the Persian Gulf. In the early Abbasid period Abbadan was a center of ascetics living in ribif (L Massagnon, Essai, 135; Abu 'l-Atahiya, Diwan, 218). 'Abbadan is described in the Hudud al-Alam, 139 (cf. also 392) as "a flourishing and prosperous borough on the sea coast. All the "Abbadani mats come from there, and therefrom comes the salt for Basra and Wasit." Three and a half centuries later, when Ibn Battuta visited Abbädän, it was no more than a large village; it stood on a salty, uncultivated plain. In later times the inhabitants eliminated the salt from the soil bordering the river and planted the palm-groves which are now such a feature of both banks of the Shatt al-Arab and of those of the Bahmashir river on the north-east side of Abbadan island. Abbadan, however, re- mained a village until it was chosen, in 1909, as the site of the refinery of the Anglo-Persian Oil Co. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 1 p. 5 ※ SOURCE for Appadan see Source « Apphana » ※ SOURCE for Apphana « I must now say a few words on the island between the two arms of the Euphrates at the apex of which Mohamrah is built. This is usually called the island of 'Abadán, from a certain ancient city of that name which was built on it. Hubadán may perhaps be read, in connexion with Billah, in the account of the maritime expedition of Sennacherib. The island of Apphana at any rate is named by Ptolemy, and in Marcian we have the island of Appadan, lying off the mouth of the Tigris, which was 80 stadia, or about 10 miles from Spasini Charax, nearly agreeing with the 12 miles of Pliny between Forat and Charax. This island of course gradually increased in size as the deposit of alluvium continued, and is thus often mentioned by the later geographers as Mesene from its position between the two arms. Philostorgius is the first author who describes it in any detail. "Before the Tigris," he says, "disembogues into the sea it is divided into two great streams, and thus discharges itself into the Persian Sea by two mouths situated at a considerable distance from each other, enclosing a large tract of territory between the two arms, and making an island of it surrounded partly by the rivers and partly the sea. This island is inhabited by the race of Mesenians. » #2917 Henry C. Rawlinson, Notes on the Ancient Geography of Mohamrah and the Vicinity, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857 vol. 27:pp. 185-190 ~ p. 188 « Apphana » in {map#840 Sexta Asiae Tabula, Claudius Ptolemaeus Conrad Sweynheym and Arnold Buckinck, 1478, in Cosmographia, Rome} see AHduGP map 3 ※ SOURCE for Cauder « Cauder » in {map#1092 A draught of the gulf of Persia from cape Rosulgatt to Busero river, Anonymous English, 1721, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE SH 18 PF 209 DIV 2 P 11 D} see AHduGP map 91 ※ SOURCE for Ghadder « Detail of the map on plate 3 showing the soundings made between Kharg, Bubiyan and Basra. Dutch handwriting of the seven- teenth century may not be easy to read. The ships came from the right-hand side of the chart between Kgarack [Kharg] and Gargu [Khargu]. The Dutch ship first crossed the extremity of the shallows off Ghaban [Qubban], but, once there, did not enter by the right entrance. Instead they sailed around the shallows off Ghadder [Khidr]. They tried to enter the Shatt al Arab, but found it too shallow. Turning back they tried two lower entrances between the mudflats: the Khor Abdallah and a creek near Fasht al Aych. Finally they turned back, entering the Bamishir, as shown by the long line of depth figures. » #2936 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1991 ~ pl. 4 p. 23 ※ SOURCE for Kab I. « Kab I. » in Pl. 175 (Map: E. 362) #1412 Alai, Cyrus, General Maps of Persia 1477 - 1925 (Handbook of Oriental Studies: Section 1, the Near and Middle East), E.J. Brill, 2005 ~ pp. 249 and 251 see also in {map#1075 Persia, Afghanistan and Beluchistan, Royal Geographical Society Edward Stanford William James Turner, 1892, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Stock#77684} ※ SOURCE for Mouzique « MOUZIQUE, ilha --A ilha Abadam ou Jezirat Al Khidhr, em 30° 10' lat. N. e 48° 30' long. E., no Chate-Alárabe ou Shat al Arab, junto ao extremo do golfo Pérsico. [Diogo. do Couto - Da Asia].[ MUSIQUE, island --The island Abadam or Jazirat Al Khidr, at 30° 10' lat. N. and 48° 30' long. E., in Chate-Alárabe or Shat al Arab, near the end of the Persian Gulf. [Diogo. do Couto - From Asia].] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 284 ※ SOURCE for mursiqe « Mursiqe » in {map#884 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 5V., Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see PMC vol. 2 EST 216 and AHduGP map 31 « mursiqe » listed as «155 – mursiqe » in #2661 Luís De Albuquerque e Maria Catarina Henriques Dos Santos, Atlas de Lazaro Luis 1563 Códice da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, A Academia, 1990 ~ Toponómos e legendas das folhas cartográficas do atlas. [« mursiqe » in black adjacent long blue island east of smaller, yellow island « Jlha dos porcos ». PBR] ※ SOURCE for Murzique « Leixando o interior que jaz das fozes do rio Eufrates, a que os párseos chamam Flate, ao Tigres, que se êle mete, Digila (1); e começando na Ilha Murzique, que faz ao rio duas fozes, a qual Ptolomeu chama Teredon, e situa em trinta e um graus, e nós em trinta escassos, fn. (1) Entenda-se: fica situada Digila. [Leaving the interior that lies at the mouth of the Euphrates, which the Parsees call Flate, to the Tigers, which he enters, Digila (1); and starting at Murzique Island, which makes the river two mouths, which Ptolemy calls Teredon, and places it at thirty-one degrees, and we at thirty scarce, fn. (1) Understand: Digila is located.] » #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ vol. 3 p. 317 « MURZIQUE, ilha - v. Mouzique ilha · [Joao de Barros - Da Asia]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 288 « Murzique. J. de » in {map#834 Eastern Africa, Arabia, and India, Fernão Vaz Dourado, 1550-1575, The Huntington Library HM41 fol11} see PMC vol. 3 EST 269 and AHduGP map 34 [« J: de murzique » black letters, brown island, parallel to and west of blue island « J. de S. mateus » red letters. PBR] « Murzique. I. (42 E, 43 E. 51 C) : [Muḥriza?] Abadan? Mursique (49 C, 52 C, 81 C) : [Muḥriza ?] Abadan ? » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ p. 426 ※ SOURCE for Teredon « 2. Now the Persian Gulf is also called the Persian Sea; and Eratosthenes describes it as follows: its mouth, he says, is so narrow that from Harmozi, the promontory of Carmania, one can see the promontory at Macae in Arabia; and from its mouth the coast on the right, being circular, inclines at first, from Carmania, slightly towards the east, and then towards the north, and , after this, towards the west as far as Teredon and the outlet of the Euphrates; and it comprises the coast of the Carmanians and in part that of the Persians and Susians and Babylonians, a distance of about ten thousand stadia. » #235 Strabo, The Geography of Strabo … Translated by Horace Leonard Jones, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1917 ~ vol. 7p. 301 « Teredon (Diridotis), a town of the Orrheni, in Chaldæa, at the E. mouth of the Tigris. Noted as a mart for Arabian produce. Dorah. » #682 Hazlitt, William, The Classical Gazetteer, A Dictionary of Ancient Sites, Senate, London, 1995 p. 340 « at Teredon (probably the former Eridu) » #53 Hourani, George Fadlo (revised and expanded by Carswell, John), Arab seafaring in the Indian Ocean in ancient and early medieval times, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1995 p. 10 n.. 11 « Later in the century the Latin Historian Ammianus Marcellinus, in describing the Sassinid realm, states that there is much navigation on the Persian Gulf, and that the terminus for seagoing ships is "Teredon" at the Euphrates mouth - the recurrence of this ancient name is surprising. » #53 Hourani, George Fadlo (revised and expanded by Carswell, John), Arab seafaring in the Indian Ocean in ancient and early medieval times, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1995 p. 38 « e começando na Ilha Murzique, que faz ao rio duas fozes, a qual Ptolomeu chama Teredon, e situa em trinta e um graus, e nós em trinta escassos » #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ p. 317 « The error of these longitudes is foreign to the inquiry ; but their relation and congruity prove that the termination of the Sinus Mesánius is at the western mouth of the Tigris ; that Terédon is between the western and eastern mouth , conse quently that the Khore Abdilla is Ptolemy's western , the Shat el - Arab his eastern 'Tigris ; and that the fort of Pásinus is be tween the Schat - el- Arab and the Mosêus or Karûn . » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p. 430 Abadeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051023 coordinate: lat 30.948014 long 50.909213 NIMA/GNS names: Abadeh , آباده , VARIANT names: Abadeh , Abadeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.224873 long 55.822127 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: junction of Rudkhaneh-ye Mohammad Hoseyni and Rudkhaneh-ye Shur VARIANT names: Abadeh , Abadeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051020 coordinate: lat 29.1355 long 52.8571 NIMA/GNS names: Abadeh , Abadeh Abgarm , آباده آبگرم , VARIANT names: Abadeh , ※ SOURCE for Abadeh « Abadeh » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Abadeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051024 coordinate: lat 31.1608 long 52.6506 NIMA/GNS names: Abadeh , آباده , VARIANT names: Abadeh , ※ SOURCE for Abadeh « Thence through a very difficult pass to Abadeh, situated in the hills, at junctions of Shur and Hajiabad streams » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 59 « Abadeh (Telegraph station) ... From 18 miles road passes walled gardens of Abadeh; the latter is a strong fort, with high brick walls with two tiers of loop-holes, and flanked by well-built burj. It is in form a parallelogram about 350 by 50 yards with two gates connected by a wide street. Part of the houses are inside this fort, which, with the post-house and another walled enclosure, form three sides of a square, the fourth being filled by the unwalled village. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 188 « The man to whom was granted the unprecedented opportunity for performing so transcendental a miracle as his own disappearance and resurrection was the Bab, and one of the centres of his still remaining disciples is Abadeh, the little village to which I journeyed from Surmek. The Bab was the title of Mirza ali Mahomet, and it signifies 'the Gate.' The prophet, who, like all his predecessors, thus claimed to be the portal of a royal road to heaven, had turned from commerce to the cure of souls. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 270 A'bambar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.428548 long 56.328174 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: A'bambar , ※ SOURCE for A'bambar « Arrived at Hormudar at 12-45 P.M.; left at 1-45 P.M., and arrived at the Birka at 4-15 ?.?. Weather at first cloudy, but clear now. The Abambar, which when we passed down was quite empty, is now quite full. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 23 Abanbar (Zisterne) beim Felsrelief von Qir : arch. site IRN UTM: none coordinate: lat 28.495783 long 53.06813 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: cannot locate position VARIANT names: Abanbar (Zisterne) beim Felsrelief von Qir , ※ SOURCE for Abanbar (Zisterne) beim Felsrelief von Qir « Abanbar (Zisterne) beim Felsrelief von Qir (Abb. 5; 217) (145)Lage: 4 km östlich des Passes zwischen den Ebenen von Firuzabad und Qir, 70 km südöstlich von Firuzabad, in etwa + 1000 m ü. N. N., am Weg von Firuzabad nach Djahrom und nach Qir und weiter nach Khondj und Lar. In der Nähe liegen Reste einer Ruine, vielleicht einer Station (146) fn. 145 D. Huff, AMI 17, 1984, 221 ff.fn. 146 Ebenda, 225, Abb. 4. [Abanbar (cistern) at the rock relief of Qir (Fig. 5; 217) (145)Location: 4 km east of the pass between the plains of Firuzabad and Qir, 70 km southeast of Firuzabad, at about + 1000 m above sea level, on the way from Firuzabad to Djahrom and to Qir and further to Khondj and Lar. Nearby are the remains of a ruin, perhaps a station (146) fn. 145 D. Huff, AMI 17, 1984, 221 ff.fn. 146 Ibid., 225, Fig. 4.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 120 Abanbar Safid ("white cistern")? : arch. site IRN UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 27.979609 long 52.370224 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Abanbar Safid ("white cistern")? , ※ SOURCE for Abanbar Safid ("white cistern")? « From here to the village of Damidan (about two kilometres) is a concentration of building foundations along the river bank. Another kilometre to the east is Berku, where it is said that an ancient caravan route connects with Gori, passing a cistern called Abanbar Safid ("white cistern"). » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 92 Abanbar_e Kaka Hosein : place IRN (cistern) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.379886 long 54.433086 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Abanbar_e Kaka Hosein آب انبار کاکا حسین VARIANT names: Abanbar_e Kaka Hosein , Abanbar-e Esma`il : place IRN (cistern) NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: -3062321 coordinate: lat 32.327099 long 54.338328 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Anbar-e Ramazan , Abanbar-e Esma`il , آب انبار رمضان , VARIANT names: Abanbar-e Esma`il , Abanbar-e Hajisa`id : place IRN (cistern) NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: 247180 coordinate: lat 32.411181 long 54.335418 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Anbar-e Hajj Ahmad , Abanbar-e Hajisa`id , آب انبار حاج احمد , VARIANT names: Abanbar-e Hajisa`id , Abarkuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051050 coordinate: lat 31.1289 long 53.2824 NIMA/GNS names: Abar Qu , Abarghoo , Abarku , Abarkuh , Abarquh , ابر قو , ابرغ , ابرقوه , ابركو , ابرکوه , VARIANT names: Abarkuh , Vargari , ※ SOURCE for Abarkuh « do zornate più oltra el se venne ad un logo ditto Vargari, (331) el qual per il passato fu grande terra e bella; de presente fa fogi 1000, et in esso le lavora pur terre e gottoni como di sopra. fn. 331. Vargari. Secondo il Di LENNA, Gisafat Barburs, cit., p. 71, si tratta di Abarqüh. (Ti) [after a few more kilometers he came to a place called Vargari, (331) which in the past was a large and beautiful land; at present it makes 1000 blocks, and in it he works also earth and bricks as above. fn. 331. Vargari. According to Di LENNA, Gisafat Barburs, cit., p. 71, it is about Abarqüh. (Ti)] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 150 ※ SOURCE for Vargari see source « Abarkuh » Abayah 2 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 875 620 converted to coordinate: lat 23.16712 long 58.83164 VARIANT names: Abayah 2 , ※ SOURCE for Abayah 2 « Oval pill-box tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 40 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Abayah 3 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 880 630 converted to coordinate: lat 23.16525 long 58.8365 VARIANT names: Abayah 3 , ※ SOURCE for Abayah 3 « Rectangular and oval pill-box tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 40 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Abayah 4 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 873 625 converted to coordinate: lat 23.16082 long 58.82961 VARIANT names: Abayah 4 , ※ SOURCE for Abayah 4 « Rectangular tomb » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 40 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Abbasabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3761095 coordinate: lat 29.146389 long 55.996667 NIMA/GNS names: `Abbasabad , VARIANT names: Abbasabad , ※ SOURCE for Abbasabad « Abbasabad is the most southern village of the district. We found it a very small place, with dome-roofed houses, a style of building affected in the Sirjan district and in many other parts of Persia, perhaps by reason of the scarcity of wood. The people were Turks reclaimed from nomadism ; » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 177 Abbasabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3051186 coordinate: lat 29.0258 long 52.9801 NIMA/GNS names: `Abbasabad , عباس آباد , VARIANT names: Abbasabad , ※ SOURCE for Abbasabad « Abbasabad » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Abbasabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3758740 coordinate: lat 28.334921 long 56.923631 NIMA/GNS names: `Abbasabad , `Abbasabad-e Afsari , Bagh-e `Abbas , باغ عباس , عباس آباد , عباس آباد افسری , VARIANT names: Abbasabad , Abbasabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3756323 coordinate: lat 28.4774 long 57.7964 NIMA/GNS names: `Abbasabad , Chah Shur , عباس آباد , VARIANT names: Abbasabad , ※ SOURCE for Abbasabad « From Kermánshāhi we continued our march to Abbasabad another small village of 8 or 10 straw huts. The scenery and surroundinga continued much the same and the only things of interest that we passed were several qanats (underground aqueduote) and a couple of brick kilns The qanat is a most ingenious method of conducting water underground which has been practised in Persia for centuries. You detect one in the distance by the series of raised mud rings marking its track as it might be the upcast of some inmense burrowing worn. These rings of thrown-up nud are 10 or 12 feet across and in the middle of the place they enclose in the sort of man-hole or chimney, going down perhaps 10, perhaps 20, perhape 100 feet to the flowing water below. The underground passage has been simply carved out by hand and the mud and soil laboriously carried away. The man-holes which are only 15 or 20 yards apart wore not only necessary for making the conduit in the first instance, but no less for keeping it in repair and are of course uneful for drawing water up. They make no effort to vault or in any way support the roof and when a ganat has been cleaned out over and over again the roof not unfrequently falls bodily in and the whole watercourse eventually becomes blocked up. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ pp. 10-11 Abbasabad (Abbott) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.1948 long 55.835706 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: NIMA/GNS lists two Abbasabad in the vicinity, one 16.5 km heading 109° and second 17.5 km heading 139° VARIANT names: Abbasabad (Abbott) , ※ SOURCE for Abbasabad (Abbott) « Abbasabad (Abbott) » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection fig. Saidabad-443-D} « Abbasabad (Abbott) » in {map#1206 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, parts of Persia (Karman and Fars), Surveyor General of India, 1909, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 1909 Karman and Fars} « At the 21st mile the village of Abbassabad lay three quarters of a mile to our left, and at the 23rd that of Salabad 1 mile on the same side, half a mile N. of which is a white isolated rock rising from the plain. At the 24th mile the small village Darestan occurred, and at the 26th that of Malekabad, where we alighted. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 63 Abbasah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 379881 coordinate: lat 23.964494 long 57.127379 NIMA/GNS names: `Abasah , `Abbasah , عباسة , VARIANT names: Abbasah , Ahassa , al Abbasa , ※ SOURCE for Ahassa « Gassbeyher is a village in lat..24° 2' 20" N., long. 57° 12' 54" E. Four miles to the SSE. is the village of Khoohoor, and between it and Kaderrah, Ahassa and three other villages, at all of which cattle may be procured. The country continues the same as to appearance and cul-tivation. The soundings off the coast are regular. . » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 626 ※ SOURCE for al Abbasa « al Abbasa » in {map#1009 Chart 2837a. Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet, Constable, Stiffe, Guy, Brucks, 1860, 'Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet' [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837a, in Qatar Digital Library} Abdabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051376 coordinate: lat 29.0223 long 52.9666 NIMA/GNS names: `Abdabad , `Abedabad , عابد آباد , VARIANT names: Abdabad , Abdalun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051355 coordinate: lat 28.5723 long 53.7218 NIMA/GNS names: `Abd ol Van , `Abdalun , Abdalan , Abdun , ابدالان , عبدالون , VARIANT names: Abdalun , ※ SOURCE for Abdalun « Plain is fertile and has small streams of fresh water here and there. Fortified villages of Hormuz and Abdalūn, each with patches of cultivation round it, are passed. Surface of track, which is practically level throughout its length, is generally good and free from stones » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 195 Abdan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051252 coordinate: lat 28.079899 long 51.768149 NIMA/GNS names: Abdan , Abdoon , Abdun , Au Dan , آبدان , آبدون , ابدن , VARIANT names: Abdan , Aoudun , ※ SOURCE for Aoudun « Aoudun » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Ab-e Balengan : stream grp 40 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3055760 coordinate: lat 30.668399 long 52.160622 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Balengan , Ab-e Batengan , Rudkhaneh-ye Balengan , رودخانه بالنگان , VARIANT names: Ab-e Balengan , Ab-e Bid : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3772330 coordinate: lat 32.66 long 49.170556 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Bid , VARIANT names: Ab-e Bid , Ab-e Bon Bid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060274 coordinate: lat 28.307768 long 51.998327 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Bon Bid , Ab-e Bunbid , Ab-i-Bunbid , Bon Bid , Deh-e Birun , Do Birun , آبِ بُن بيد , آبِ بونبيد , بن بید , ده بيرون , دو بيرون , VARIANT names: Ab-e Bon Bid , Ab-e Garm : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3051442 coordinate: lat 29.920647 long 57.34171 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Garm , Ab-e Garm , Abgarmu , Ab-i-Garm , آب گرم , آبگرمو , VARIANT names: Ab-e Garm , Ab-i-Garm , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Garm « At 19 miles, a second caravan serai also in ruins at the hamlet of Sang, after passing which we kept more to the west, and, passing a garden at 25 miles, reached the village of Ab-i-Garm at 26 miles. Supplies and water fairly abundant. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 328 Ab-e Garm : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745118 coordinate: lat 28.995749 long 53.809905 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Garm , Ab-e Garm , Abgarm , Ab-i-Garm , آب گرم , آبگرم , VARIANT names: Ab-e Garm , Ab-i-garm , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-garm « Ab-i-garm » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Ab-e Garm : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051387 coordinate: lat 30.160735 long 57.60359 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Garm , Abgarm , آب گرم , VARIANT names: Ab-e Garm , Ab-e Kamin : stream grp 25 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3195258 coordinate: lat 30.1 long 53.033333 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Kamin , Ab-i-Kamin , VARIANT names: Ab-e Kamin , Ab-e Karun : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3070923 coordinate: lat 31.559481 long 50.361558 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Karun , Ab-e Khersan , Ab-i-Khirsan , Ab-i-Khirsan , Rud-e Khersan , Rud-e-Khersan , Rudkhaneh-ye Khersan , آب خرسان , آب كارون , رود خرسان , رودخانه خرسان , VARIANT names: Ab-e Karun , ※ SOURCE for Ab-e Karun « In the mountainous upper course [Karun river] there are no longer any towns of importance. In late antiquity and in the Middle Ages the most prominent were Süsan (also called 'Arüdi or 'Arüh and Djābalik) on the right bank, and Idhadi [g.v.] or Mal-Amir opposite. Along the upper course in parts runs a road pro-tected by many forts, now mostly in ruins. The Kārūn in general is historically one of the most in-teresting rivers in Persia owing to the numerous ruins from ancient times which are everywhere found on its banks. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 4 p. 675 Ab-e Leylam : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: -3772822 coordinate: lat 32.994359 long 47.960143 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Leylam , Ab-e Leylameh , Ab-i-Lailum , Garm , Rudkhaneh-ye Takht-e Chan , آب ليلام , آب ليلامه , رودخانه تخت چان , رودخانۀ تخت چان , گرم , VARIANT names: Ab-e Leylam , Ab-e Mahit : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3073452 coordinate: lat 34.466667 long 45.866667 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Maha , Ab-e Mahit , VARIANT names: Ab-e Mahit , Ab-e Mongereh : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3075716 coordinate: lat 32.651756 long 48.282069 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Mongereh , Mongireh , Rudkhaneh-ye Dokhtar Borji , Rudkhaneh-ye Mongereh , آب منگره , رودخانه دختر برجی , رودخانۀ منگره , منگيره , VARIANT names: Ab-e Mongereh , NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3196000 coordinate: lat 27.1833333 long 56.3 VARIANT names: Ab-e Morghi , Ab-e Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051415 coordinate: lat 29.0789 long 52.0351 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Now , آب نو , VARIANT names: Ab-e Now , Ab-i-Nau , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Nau « At 13 miles Khamyak, with a low mound. At 13¾ miles, Ab-i-Nau 300 camels and oxen. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 311 Ab-e Sar Khun : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3082908 coordinate: lat 31.677035 long 50.614584 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Sarkhun , Ab-e Sar Khun , Rudkhaneh-ye Ab-e Sar Khun , Sarkhun , آب سر خون , آب سرخون , رودخانه آب سر خون , سرخون , VARIANT names: Ab-e Sar Khun , Ab-e Shirin : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3071025 coordinate: lat 30.310222 long 50.256623 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Shirin , Ab-i-Shirin , Khairabad , Khairabad Rud , Rud-e Kheyrabad , Rudkhaneh-ye Kheyrabad , رودخانه خیر آباد , VARIANT names: Ab-e Shirin , Abi Shirin , Khair-abad , Sirin , ※ SOURCE for Abi Shirin « Abi Shirin or Khair-abád R. (Arosis) » in {map#1141 Map to illustratr Baron Bode's route from Kazerun to Shushter, , 1841, #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~} « The river which I have just named issues from the snowy range in an E.N.E. direction, and has a broad and pretty deep bed, and is called (the river of) Khair-abád, from a large village, now in ruins, on its opposite bank. It is the Abi-shírín (sweet-water) mentioned in Tímúr's route, the Arosis of the ancients, and the river of Hindíánt of the present day. From the Khaïr-abád River to Behbehán is a distance of 3 farsangs (11 miles): the first in a N.W., direction, across a very rugged country, abound. ing in mica; the two last, westward, over a level, well-cultivated country. » #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~ p. 85 ※ SOURCE for Khair-abad « Abi Sirin or Khair-abád R. (Arosis) » in {map#1141 Map to illustratr Baron Bode's route from Kazerun to Shushter, , 1841, #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~} « The river which I have just named issues from the snowy range in an E.N.E. direction, and has a broad and pretty deep bed, and is called (the river of) Khair-abád, from a large village, now in ruins, on its opposite bank. It is the Abi-shírín (sweet-water) mentioned in Tímúr's route, the Arosis of the ancients, and the river of Hindíánt of the present day. From the Khaïr-abád River to Behbehán is a distance of 3 farsangs (11 miles): the first in a N.W., direction, across a very rugged country, abound. ing in mica; the two last, westward, over a level, well-cultivated country. » #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún an ※ SOURCE for Sirin « 32. Another river is SIRIN (Shirin ?) which comes from the mountain Dhanbadh (Dinar?) in the district of Bazranj. It passes between Vayagan and Larandan; on the confines (bar hudud) of Arragan it passes through the town [ba-shahr read: *ba Rishahr "through Rishahr"] and joins the Great Sea between Siniz and Ganafa. These four rivers flow in a north to south direction. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 74 Ab-e Shur : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3084485 coordinate: lat 30.358124 long 50.32467 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Gondi , Ab-e Shur , Rud-e Kombul , Rud-e Shams-e `Arab , Rud-e Shulestan , Rud-e Shulistan , Rud-i- Kumbul , Rudkhaneh-ye Kambal , Rudkhaneh-ye Kambol , Rudkhaneh-ye Kambul , Rudkhaneh-ye Kambul , Rudkhaneh-ye Kombul , Rudkhaneh-ye Shams-e `Arab , Shams Rud , Shams-i-Arab Rud , Shulistan Rud , آب گندی , رودخانه کمبل , رودخانه کمبول , VARIANT names: Ab-e Shur , Ab-e Shur : stream grp 8 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3196988 coordinate: lat 29.031521 long 51.028914 Supplement: NIMA/GNS dataset name downstream of the Rudkhaneh-ye Ahram NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Sur , آب شور , رودخانه سور , VARIANT names: Ab-e Shur , Ab-e Sur : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3878142 coordinate: lat 32.125825 long 48.886223 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Shur , Ab-e Sur , Ab-i-Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Shur-i-Lahabari , آب سور , رودخانه شور , VARIANT names: Ab-e Sur , Ab-e Talkh : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10043962 coordinate: lat 31.860861 long 49.320633 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Talkh , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Bisheh , آب تلخ , رودخانه فصلی بیشه , VARIANT names: Ab-e Talkh , Ab-e Tembi : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3087366 coordinate: lat 32.004095 long 49.096752 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Tembi , Ab-i-Tembi , Rudkhaneh-ye Ab Shur-e Batvand , Rudkhaneh-ye Sur Batvand , Rudkhaneh-ye Tembi , رودخانه آب شور بتوند , رودخانه تمبی , رودخانه سور بتوند , VARIANT names: Ab-e Tembi , Ab-e Tok Tokab : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3197317 coordinate: lat 32.717618 long 48.354133 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Tok Tokab , Nahr-e Deh Ashkanan , آب تك تكاب , نهر ده اشکنان , VARIANT names: Ab-e Tok Tokab , Abgarm : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3759174 coordinate: lat 30.0064 long 52.6897 Supplement: Ramjerd Spa آبگرم رامجرد abgaram ramjard NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Garm-e Kuchek , Abgarm , آبگرم , VARIANT names: Abgarm , Ab-i Garm , ahguerm , Aubgurrum , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i Garm The traveller then arrived at a karavansaray, which had been built by a vaqf or endowment left by a rich man from Shiraz, called Ab-i Garm, because there was a warm spring, having fish in it. Chardin report-ed that this area was full of warm springs and that there was more than one karavansaray. From here onwards, there were several ways to Shiraz. According to Tavernier, the karavansaray at Abi Garm was half completed. (67) fn. 67 Abigerne was at five German miles' distance from Persepolis. Valentijn, vol. V, p. 262; Speelman, p. 120 (Germawa), p. 323 (Aab de Germ); Winninx, 1 November, has Germoens (which may be the present author's transcription error for Germawa), which had much water, livestock and grains; KA 1793, fol. 1016b (Ghermabe); Tavernier, p. 298 (Ab-Gherme); Chardin, vol. VIII, pp. 234-9 (Abguerm); LeBrun, vol. II, pp. 260, 311 (Abgerm). ※ SOURCE for ahguerm « A une lieue et demie cle ce pont , nous passâmes de belles sources d'eau , couveiles de grands arbres , vis-à-vis desquelles il y a des caravanserais. On appelle ces sources ahguerm , c'est-à-dire, eau chaude, à cause qu'il y a, dit-on, de l'eau chaude parmi les autres, A deux lieues et demie de là , on se trouve dans une grande plaine à perte de vue , la plus belle, la plus gaie, la plus grasse et la plus fertile qu'on puisse voir, toute coupée de fleuves et de ruisseaux, et toujours verte enquelque saison que ce soit. [A league and a half from this bridge, we passed beautiful springs, covered with large trees, opposite which there are caravanserais. These springs are called ahguerm, that is to say, hot water, because, they say, there is hot water among the others. Two and a half leagues from there, we find ourselves in a large plain as far as the eye can see, the most beautiful, the most cheerful, the richest and the most fertile that one can see, completely cut by rivers and streams, and always green in whatever season.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 239 ※ SOURCE for Aubgurrum « And now taking the direct Road for Spahaun, I had joined with me an Armenian Frenchman (a Wealthy Trader), a Dominican and a Carmelite Friar. Early in the Morning of the following Day we had forsaken Siras, we made Polygore (1), Six Pharsangs; it is a famous Caravan. without Entertainment, by reason of bad Water; wherefore at Night we reached Aubgurrum (2), an old Caravan Ser Raw, better provided with Water, though the Name of the Place would intimate nothing less, being called the Hot Water; this is Three Pharsangs beyond Polygore. fn. 1 This place has not been certainly traced. Prof. Browne suggests Pul-i-gor, perhaps meaning "bridge of the wild ass." s." There is a place marked on the Indian Government map called Pul-i-gurg (? "Wolf-bridge") about 17 miles N. of Shiraz as the crow flies.fn.2 Ab-i-garm, the "hot springs," not found in any map. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 346 Abgarm : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3759534 coordinate: lat 29.999552 long 52.688079 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Garm-e Bozorg , Abgarm , آبگرم , VARIANT names: Abgarm , Abhal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 10378983 coordinate: lat 28.0075 long 52.8484 NIMA/GNS names: Abhal , آبحل , VARIANT names: Abhal , Abi Bungher : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.393201 long 56.324257 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Abi Bungher , ※ SOURCE for Abi Bungher « Tasctek, non era abitato da altri che dai raidari, nè vi si trovava da provve- derci di niente, e per noi era ancor presto da posare, passammo perciò più innanzi, e camminate da due altre leghe per piano, con veder sempre monti da amendue le bande vicini, fatte alfine in tutto circa a sei leghe, la mattina, intorno a tre ore di giorno, avemmo per bene di fermarci presso una grossa acqua corrente, dolce e buona da bere, che trovammo per la strada, e la chia- mano Abi Bungher, ed è l'ultimo luogo della giurisdizione dello stato di Lar. [Tasctek, was not inhabited by anyone other than the raiders, nor was there anything to provide us with, and it was still early for us to settle down, so we passed further on, and walked two more leagues across the plain, always seeing mountains worth seeing. both bands close together, finally making a total of about six leagues, in the morning, around three hours of daylight, we had the good idea of ??stopping near a large running water, sweet and good for drinking, which we found on the road, and the key - hand Abi Bungher, and is the last place of jurisdiction of the state of Lar.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 287 Ab-i Shirin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.903252 long 53.139771 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: pro rata 20/43X9400metres from Baghan VARIANT names: Ab-i Shirin , Abi Zard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.516398 long 49.888197 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Abi Zard , ※ SOURCE for Abi Zard « Seleucia was one of the principal cities of Elymais. According to Strabo, it was called Soloce, and was situated on the Hedy-phon. Major Rawlinson believed the site of this city to be marked by the ruins of Manjaník on the Abi Zard. There are no ruins, however, at Manjaník of an earlier than the Sasanian epoch. » #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846, ~ p. 94 Abiazan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RSTP UFI: 10370692 coordinate: lat 33.3829 long 52.0135 NIMA/GNS names: Abiazan , Istgah-e Rah Ahan-e Taherabad , Nim Istgah-e Abiazan , Taherabad , ابیازان , ايستگاه راه آهن طاهر آباد , طاهر آباد , نیم ایستگاه ابیازان , VARIANT names: Abiazan , ※ SOURCE for Abiazan « Still among mountains—likely spots for big game, they look, though without my glasses I can **spot" none—till three farsahhs bring us to Abiazan, a lonely post-house near a white dome. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 293 Ab-i-Bazuft : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3780448 coordinate: lat 31.633401 long 50.471659 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Bazoft , Ab-e Bazowft , Ab-i-Bazuft , Garab , Rudkhaneh-ye Ab-e Bazoft , Rudkhaneh-ye Bazoft , Rudkhaneh-ye Ester Bahar , آب بازفت , رودخانه آب بازفت , رودخانه استر بهار , رودخانه بازفت , گراب , VARIANT names: Ab-i-Bazuft , Rudbar , ※ SOURCE for Rudbar « BAZUFT OR RÜDBAR - Lat.Long.Elev.A stream of the above district which falls into the Karūn river near Dih-i-Diz. It is crossed on the southern road from Shustar to Isfahan by the Pul-i-Amarat, which consists of an oak trunk, felled across the stream. (Schindler-Wells.) » #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 1003 Ab-i-Bazuft : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.763967 long 50.376207 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ab-i-Bazuft , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Bazuft « Ab-i-Bazuft » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. H-39C Deh Diz} Ab-i-Bazuft ford : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.68101 long 50.421029 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ab-i-Bazuft ford , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Bazuft ford [possible ford of the Ab-i-Bazuft viewed in 4/2012 google earth with adjacent village] PBR « Ab-i-Bazuft ford » in {map#1360 in #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ fig. Across Luristan to Ispahan} Ab-i-Bihishtabad : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3055932 coordinate: lat 31.971968 long 50.557592 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Beheshtabad , Ab-i-Bihishtabad , Rudkhaneh-ye Ab Beheshtabad , آب بهشت آباد , رودخانه آب بهشت آباد , VARIANT names: Ab-i-Beheshtabad , Ab-i-Bihishtabad , Darkash Warkash , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Beheshtabad « Other noticeable confluents are a river from the east receiving the over-flow of the Chighakhor lake, and a stream from the north, called Ab-i-Beheshtabad, or Darkash Warkash, which drains the Chabar Mahal. The Ab-i-Sabz (also called Dahinur, Dinaran and Ab-i-Gurab) flows in near Dopulan. The Ab-i-Bors, from the lofty Kuh-i-Dinar range, flows in from the south. From this point to Shustar are many smaller tributaries, including several salt or naphtha tainted streams. » #3557 ‘Military Report on Southern Persia’, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/8, in Qatar Digital Library, 1900 ~ p. 5 ※ SOURCE for Darkash Warkash « Other noticeable confluents are a river from the east receiving the over-flow of the Chighakhor lake, and a stream from the north, called Ab-i-Beheshtabad, or Darkash Warkash, which drains the Chabar Mahal. The Ab-i-Sabz (also called Dahinur, Dinaran and Ab-i-Gurab) flows in near Dopulan. The Ab-i-Bors, from the lofty Kuh-i-Dinar range, flows in from the south. From this point to Shustar are many smaller tributaries, including several salt or naphtha tainted streams. » #3557 ‘Military Report on Southern Persia’, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/8, in Qatar Digital Library, 1900 ~ p. 5 Ab-i-Diz : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.546339 long 48.478694 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ab-i-Diz , Ab-i-Diz : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 31.760618 long 48.695611 VARIANT names: Ab-i-Diz , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Diz « Ab-i-Diz » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} ahwaz-444-a Ab-i-Fani : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.014421 long 47.781329 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ab-i-Fani , Valmian stream , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Fani « The Ab-i-Fáni is also known as the Valmián stream (see page 209) » #3526 Military report on south-west Persia, including the provinces of Khúzistán (Arabistan), Luristán and part of Fars, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1885 ~ p. 208 « Ab-i-Fāni 1,550' 17. General direction N.- W. Down the Jauzar stream to Darreh Khazineh, where the level of the Saidmarreh is reached just where it enters the long and impassable gorge, at the south end of which is Pul-i-Tang. This is a good halting place. Then over easy ground to the Lailum stream, reached at 10 miles, two streams with difficult deséents and ascents being crossed lat 7 and 9 miles. The Ab-i-Lailuunistocrossedomile above its junction with the Saidmarreh. Bed of stream full of boulders but easydto cross. At this point abtrack diverges through Tang-i-Lailum to Dalich pass.Thence to Ab-i-Fāni, keeping near Saidmarreh river. One difficult spur has to be crossed at 15 miles. Ab-i-Fāni is easy to cross. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 149 ※ SOURCE for Valmian stream « The Ab-i-Fáni is also known as the Valmián stream (see page 209) » #3526 Military report on south-west Persia, including the provinces of Khúzistán (Arabistan), Luristán and part of Fars, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1885 ~ p. 208 Ab-i-Garm : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051441 coordinate: lat 29.133333 long 52.883333 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Garm , Ab-i-Garm , VARIANT names: Ab-i-Garm , Ab-i-Garm : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051439 coordinate: lat 28.307105 long 53.050545 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Garm , Abgarm , Ab-i-Garm , آب گرم , آبگرم , VARIANT names: Ab Garm , Ab-e garm , Ab-i-Garm , ※ SOURCE for Ab Garm « At 6 miles pass village of Kirdi, water from spring. Population sedentary Qashqai. Kalāntar 1911, Mehdi Khan. Road now crosses a low hill which fies across the valley, the track rising 300 to 2,000 above sea level. It descends to river again and at 9½ miles Ab Garm is passed on left bank. A track diverges hence to Mubarakābād, easier than that of Makka and in regular use. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 165 ※ SOURCE for Ab-e garm « Nur 4 km von Shahabad entfernt liegt ein großer Palmenhain mit einem kioskartigen Bau, der von einer heißen Quelle den Namen Ab-e garm erhalten hat (Taf. 87, 2). Der Kiosk ist ein quadratischer Bau von 14,50 m Seitenlänge und besteht aus einem zentralen Raum von 6 m Seitenlänge, der in zwei Stockwerken von schmalen Räumen umgeben wird. Die Räume des unteren Geschosses sind verschüttet, die Tonnengewölbe sind abererhalten. Durch die tiefe Verschüttung waren die Türen nicht mehr feststellbar. Von den im Obergeschoß gelegenen Räumen waren nur noch Reste der Grundmauern erhalten (Abb. 6). Der Bau entspricht in seinem Grundriß einer Ruine bei Sar Pole Zohab (1.0.). [Only 4 km from Shahabad lies a large palm grove with a kiosk-like building, which was given the name Ab-e garm after a hot spring (Pl. 87, 2). The kiosk is a square building with sides measuring 14.50 m and consists of a central room with sides measuring 6 m, which is surrounded by narrow rooms on two floors. The rooms on the lower floor are buried, but the barrel vaults are preserved. The doors could no longer be secured due to the deep burial. Of the rooms on the upper floor, only the remains of the foundation walls were preserved (Fig. 6). The building's floor plan corresponds to a ruin at Sar Pole Zohab (1.0.).] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 185 Ab-i-Hindi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051479 coordinate: lat 34.728263 long 48.825146 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Hadir , Ab Hendi , Ab Hendoo , Ab Hendu , Ab-e Hendi , Abhendu , Ab-i-Hindi , آب هندو , آب هندی , VARIANT names: Ab-i-Hindi , Kara-Hindi , ※ SOURCE for Kara-Hindi « Le 6 décembre, pendant plus de deux heures, nous montons et descendons à travers des col lines couvertes de neige, au revers desquelles sont plusieurs villages, entr'autres celui de Kara-Hindi, à une farseng de Baroubant. C'est là que nous quittâmes le territoire d'Hamadân pour entrer dans le district de Djerrah, [On December 6, for more than two hours, we climbed and descended through snow-covered hills, on the back of which were several villages, among others that of Kara-Hindi, a farseng from Baroubant. It was there that we left the territory of Hamadan to enter the district of Djerrah,] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 270 Ab-i-Hurud : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.375218 long 48.28 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ab-i-Hurud , Ab-i-Khurmah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.932776 long 62.459799 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ab-i-Khurmah , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Khurmah « 20. Ab-i-Khurmah (21 miles 3 furlongs-258 miles).-Water from a spring not very wholesome; ground very irregular; fuel scarce; forage for camels sufficient. For 14 miles the road traverses a hard stony level plain; it then enters among low hills, and follows for some time the bed of a mountain stream. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 333 Ab-i-Murgah : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.803994 long 49.689187 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: assumed from NIMA/GNS data name of Rudkhaneh-ye Morgha to the north VARIANT names: Ab-i-Murgah , Ab-i-Sard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10734215 coordinate: lat 33.141696 long 48.090137 Supplement: remains of the post house or sarai not located NIMA/GNS names: Ab Sard , Ab Sard-e Dad Golab , Ab-i-Sard , Dadagolab , Dalagolab , آب سرد , آب سرد داد گلاب , داداگلاب , دالاگلاب , VARIANT names: Ab-i-Sard , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Sard « 8. General direction N. The track winds up the valley at 3 miles; it ascends to the Dalich pass, 6,000. There are really two passes: one the Dalich Buzurg, and the other 14 miles west of it known as the Dalich Küchik: the former is the best: both are difficult and stony. The descent is somewhat easier over limestone slopes to the Ab-i-Sard valley. At Ab-i-Sard a few ruins, scarcely noticeable, mark the remains of the post house or sarai. The plain is marshy: to the east it is fairly open, full of low hills of gypsum and red clay, to the west it is obstructed by high limestone, standstone, and gypsum belts. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 151 Ab-i-Shalil : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.735275 long 50.412103 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ab-i-Shalil , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Shalil « SHALIL, AB-I-شلیل31-44 50-28. A small stream in the Bakhtiari country, rising from the southern spurs of the Garreh mountain. In a course of some 10 miles at most, it first flows in a southerly direction, but makes a sharp bend almost due west at a point about 2 miles before it reaches the caravanserai, to which it has given its name, and about 4 miles before it is lost in the waters of the Ab-i-Bazuft, at the Pul-i-'Amarat. There is a small village of the same name near its source and a few habitations at its bend to the west. (Arbuthnot, 1905.) Two places called Shalili are located at 31-59 48-52 A. and 31-58 48-53 A. (LWA) » #3005 Ludwig W. Adamec, Historical gazetteer of Iran, Abadan and South Western Iran, Akademische Drucku, Verlagsanstalt, 1976-1989 ~ p. 663 Ab-i-Shur : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 31.585395 long 49.465147 VARIANT names: Ab-i-Shur , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Shur « Ab-i-Shur » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} ahwaz-444-a NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 28.969605 long 52.02787 VARIANT names: Ab-i-Shur , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Shur « #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 311 section of stream « Ab-i-Shur » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} -Shiraz-444-c NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 17.0397822 long 54.4337802 † basis (unknown) VARIANT names: Abissa , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Abissa AT Khor Rori (ruins) lat 17.03879 long 54.43432 [Potts, Groom], ※ SOURCE for Abissa #2678 Alexander George Findlay, A classical atlas to illustrate ancient geography, W. Tegg and Company, London, 1847 ~ map XXIII « Abissa finds its name and site accurately represented by Abisagi ; a town at the eastern extremity of the Gulf of Bassas, between Harmin and Ras-al-Hhad. » #2678 Alexander George Findlay, A classical atlas to illustrate ancient geography, W. Tegg and Company, London, 1847 ~ vol. 2 p. 182 « Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 17.0397822, 54.4337802 » D.T. Potts, DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Abyssa: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2022 online reference link [accessed 10 Mar 2023] In various maps after Ptolemy eg in {map#840 Sexta Asiae Tabula, Claudius Ptolemaeus Conrad Sweynheym and Arnold Buckinck, 1478, in Cosmographia, Rome} see AHduGP map 3 « Hence he has spread the data, probably taken over from Marinus, about places on that bay over the whole of the south Arabian coastline from Ra’s Fartak eastwards. The most easterly place in the bay was ’Abissa Town’, which it can be assumed with reasonable confidence was Hor Rori because of the remarkable abyss at the upper end of the Hor Rori inlet (34). » fn. 34. See sketch map of Khor Rori in Bent JT. Exploration of the Frankincense Country, Southern Arabia. GJ 6: 1895: 129. #218 Groom, Nigel, Oman and the Emirates in Ptolemy's Map, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 1994 ~ p. 207 Ab-i-Tangiz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: -3197237 coordinate: lat 28.4 long 52.333333 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Tangiz , Ab-i-Tangiz , آب تنگيز , VARIANT names: Ab-i-Tangez , Ab-i-Tangiz , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Tangez « Ab-i-Tangez » in {map#1146 Bushire and Surrounding Area, , , British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/728, f 30, in Qatar Digital Library fig. Bushire and Surrounding Area} ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Tangiz « Ab-i-Tangiz » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 37.3543 long 59.5325 VARIANT names: Abivard , Dara , ※ SOURCE for Abivard located by ruins near modern Kaakhka on Iran TOG NJ40-12 estimated from #1729 Napier, G.C.: Ahmad, Kazi Syud, Extracts from a Diary of a Tour in Khorassan, and Notes on the Eastern Alburz Tract; with Notes on the Yomut Tribe, The Geographical Journal, London, 1876 46:62-171 ~ The earliest Parthian capital was probably at Dara (modern Abivard); one of the later capitals was Hecatompylos, probably near modern Damghan. See Parthia inEB2002 ※ SOURCE for Dara Dara city founded by Arsaces I [Debevoise, using a now obsolete genealogy, says Tiridates I] on Mount Apaortenon, an almost impregnable position. The site has been varously identified as the oasis of Attek east of the "Achal-Tekke", as probably near Abivard in Apavarktikene", as Kala Maran, as perhaps Kelat, and as near Kelat-i-Nadiri. Victor Chapot in La frontiere de l'Euphrate de Pompee a la conqete arab, p. 315 and n. 1, confuses the Dara of Tiridates with the Dara founded by Anastasius near Nisibis about 504 A.D. (see Debevoise, p. 15, n. 62 for more detail on these confusions). M. E. Masson identifies the town of Dara in Justin with modern Abivard. See url://www.parthia.com/parthia_cities.htm#d-inx North of the Kopet Dagh range, beyond the present-day frontier of Iran with the U.S.S.R. but again within the ancient Parthia, ran a narrow strip of cultivable land watered by streams from the mountains. This is the area served today by the line of the Trans-Caspian railway. By the end of the 3rd century B.C., if not indeed earlier, considerable towns were beginning to form in this region. The two ancient settlements of Nisa ("Old" and "New" Nisa) lay a few miles to the west of the present city of Ashkabad ('Ishqabad) in Soviet Turkmenistan. Further to the east was the ancient site of Ablvard, at Kuhna Abivard, 8.5 kilometres west of the railway station of Kahkala (Kakhka) on the Trans-Caspian railway. Also in this same ancient district of Apavarcticene, it may be inferred, lay the stronghold of Dara, built by Tiridates I of Parthia (see below, p. 769). See #843 vol. 3(1) p.26 Ab-i-Zal : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.851145 long 48.107668 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ab-i-Zal , ※ SOURCE for Ab-i-Zal « Ab-i-Zal » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. I-39S Dizful} Ab-i-Zan Murdeh : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3088985 coordinate: lat 32.116667 long 48.9 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Zan Mordeh , Ab-i-Zan Murdeh , VARIANT names: Ab-i-Zan Murdeh , Abkhur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051513 coordinate: lat 34.325813 long 57.118029 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Khorak , Ab Khurak , Abkhowr , Abkhowr , Abkhowrag , Abkhur , Abkhvorak , Razavi , Razaviyeh-ye Abkhowrak , آبخور , آبخورگ , رضويه آبخورک , رضوی , VARIANT names: Abkhur , Ableh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051530 coordinate: lat 31.822552 long 49.720888 NIMA/GNS names: Abeleh-ye Pa'in , Ableh , Ableh Sofla , Ableh-ye Pain , Ableh-ye Pa'in , Ableh-ye Sofla , آبله پائین , آبله سفلی , VARIANT names: Ablah , Ableh , ※ SOURCE for Ablah « Ablah » in {map#1363 in #3538 Captain H. E. Wells, Surveying Tours in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, vol. 5:no. 3:pp. 138-163 ~ fig. map to accompany article} ※ SOURCE for Ableh « ABLEH - LAT. LONG. ELEV. A village in the Bakhtiäri mountains, Luristan, on the left bank of the Halagün river, and about 4 miles north-north-west of Kaleh-i-Tül. » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 p. 19 Ab-Mar camp : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.873084 long 55.962061 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ab-Mar camp , ※ SOURCE for Ab-Mar camp « Leaving Ab-Mar, direction N.-E. the valley widens out into an open plain bounded on the N.-E. by a lofty range. The road then swings round and assumes a northerly direction, a ridge of hills being close on the right. From here the route lies over a stony plateau for about a mile and then drops down into a nālā by the left bank. A few hundred yards further on, a trickle of sweet water emerges from shale in the bottom of the nala. There is a good camping-ground on the left bank above this water. It is not stated whether this water is perennial. The time of year, at which the trickle was found as stated was in the beginning of April.Camping ground. - Good 4½ miles N. of Ab-Mar.Water. Good but limited. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 492 Ab-ol-Abbas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075715 coordinate: lat 31.54689 long 49.964438 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-ol-Abbas , Abu ol `Abbas , Bolavas , Bulawas , Mangasht , Mongasht , Mongast , ابو العباس , VARIANT names: Ab-ol-Abbas , ※ SOURCE for Ab-ol-Abbas « I was so ill that Mehemet Taki Khan's wife proposed that I should accompany her and two of the children-one of them, my little patient, Hussein Kuli-for change of air to Boulabas (a corruption of Abu'l-Abbas), a village on the Abi-Zard river, and in a small but highly cultivated valley filled with fruit trees. ... The village, which contained about three hundred houses, was built upon the site of an ancient town, a few remains of which still existed, and were known by the name of 'Kala Giaour,' or 'Kala Gebr' the castle of the infidels. At a short distance from it was an 'Imaum-Zadeh,' or shrine, sacred to Solomon, who, according to local tradition, visited the spot, which is called Rawad. The river, which has its source among the snows of Mungasht, issues from the mountains not far from the village, through a grand gorge, wooded by magnificent trees. I remained some days at Abu'l-Abbas, » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 pp. 432-3 Abolverdi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5754489 E, 3230467 N converted to coordinate: lat 29.2006605557701 long 51.7765335842519 VARIANT names: Abolverdi , ※ SOURCE for Abolverdi [Easting 5754489 , amended to 575489 E in line with Figure 1. PBR] « Abolverdi » in {map#1174 Figure 1. Distribution of the tal-e khandaghs studied (Encarta 2009)., , , #3086 Parsa Ghasemi, Tal-e Khandagh (“Moated Mound”): A Military Structure in Ancient Fars, Near Eastern Archaeology, 2012 vol. 75:no. 4:pp. 240-251 ~} « The Tal-e Khandagh at Abolverdi » #3086 Parsa Ghasemi, Tal-e Khandagh (“Moated Mound”): A Military Structure in Ancient Fars, Near Eastern Archaeology, 2012 vol. 75:no. 4:pp. 240-251 ~ p.243 Abrak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3822505 coordinate: lat 31.802533 long 49.961089 NIMA/GNS names: Abrak , Abrak Olya , Abrak-e Do , آبراک , آبراک دو , VARIANT names: Abrak , ※ SOURCE for Abrak « Von Izeh wendet sich der Weg nach Osten über den Ort Abrak zur Karavanserailruine Cahar Darreh in +760 m ü.N.N. und weiter bergab zum Karun-Übergang Pol-e Shalu, mit den Resten einer Bogenbrücke in +720 m ü.N.N. und einer Station (Abb. 10). [From Izeh, the route turns east via the village of Abrak to the caravanserai ruins of Cahar Darreh at +760 m above sea level and further downhill to the Karun crossing Pol-e Shalu, with the remains of an arched bridge at +720 m above sea level and a station (Fig. 10).] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 13 Abruwan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.252486 long 51.741718 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Abruwan , ※ SOURCE for Abruwan « Now the lands of the Arabs were the nearest ones to Färs, (149) and these Arabs were among the most needy of all the nations for something to provide them with daily sustenance and with lands, because of their wretched condition and the harshness of their way of life. So a great horde of them crossed the sea from the region of the lands of 'Abd al-Qays, al-Bahrayn, and al-Kazimah, until they set up military encampments against (anākhū 'ala) (the town of] Abruwan, on the shores that had Ardashir Khurrah as their hinterland (sawāhil Ardashir Khurrah) and in the coastlands (asyāf) of Fårs. (150) fn. 149. Altheim and Stichl have pointed out (Die Araber, II, 346) that Nöldeke, trans. 53, was mistaken in rendering Färs here as "Persien" when the geographical context makes it clear that the province of Fårs is meant. When, as in I, 839, p. 55 below, al-Tabari specifically means "the land of Persia," he has mamlakat Färs. fn. 150. 'Abd al-Qays were an ancient Arab tribe, originally from the inland regions » #3081 trans: C. E. Bosworth, The History of al-Tabari, State University of New York Press, New York, 1999 ~ vol. 5 p. 51 « Abruwan -Attestations: Tabari named Abruwan as a town on the coast of Ardašir-Xwarrah. According to him, during the reign of Šābuhr II in the early 4th century A.D., Arab tribes from the western shores of the Persian Gulf crossed the sea and attacked this area.(5) Abruwan was also named as a village in the district of Dašt-e Bārin in Ardašir-Xwarrah as the birthplace of Mihr-Narseh, the minister of Yazdegird I (399-420 A.D.), Wahrām V (420-38 A.D.) and Yazdegird II (438-57A.D.). He built buildings and fire temples in this village, as well as in Gurrah in Šābuhr-Xwarrah. The fire temple in Abruwan, which was still burning in the fourth century A.H., was called Mihr-Narsiyān. He also founded four villages in the vicinity of Abruwan, erecting fire temples in each along with palm, olive and cypress gardens. These fire temples, gardens and villages were in the hands of Narseh descendants up until the fourth century A.H.(6) -Identification: The district of Dašt-e Bārin, with its administrative center at Γondekān during the early Islamic period, was located in the border area between Šābuhr-Xwarrah and ArdaširXwarrah. Γondekān is identified as being equivalent to, or as having been located near the modern village of Sar Mašhad, 48 km south of Kazerûn.(7) Dast-e Bärin, in which the village of Abruwan was located, therefore, was the area to the south of Gurrah between Firüz-Abad and Tawwaj. Several fire temples have been discovered in the area between Käzerün and Firüz-Abad, supposedly old Dast-e Bärin. Vanden Berghe identified the Farräsband area with the region in which Mihr-Narsch's 5 fire temples (including the Mihr-Narsiyan) were located, ie, near Abruwan, which was itself further to the north. The architectural similarities between these five fire temples suggest that they were all built in the same period. Besides the geographical location and the number of fire temples, Vanden Berghe has also suggested that a link exists between the modern name of the district to the southwest of Farräšband-Mahal-e Arba's (Four Localities/Districts) and the four villages founded by Mihr-Narseh(8). It is possible that the village of Abruwan and the town of Abruwan represent a single location, although Dast-e Barin is not located precisely in the coastal region. fn. 5 Tabari, Vol. V: 51-2. fn. 6 Tabari, Vol. V: 105. fn. 7 Savageb, 2006: 192; Whitcomb 1979b: 50, 64, fig. 5. fn. 8 Venden Berghe, 1961a: 190-1. » #3092 Negin Miri, Sasanian Pars: Historical Geography and Administrative Organization, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2012 ~ pp. 46-7 Abruwan feuerheiligtumer : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.251706 long 51.741612 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Abruwan feuerheiligtumer , ※ SOURCE for Abruwan feuerheiligtumer « Abruwan (221), Färs I Die Lage dieses Ortes ist heute nicht mehr genau festzustellen. Unter IV wird versucht, eine ungefähre Lokalisierung vorzunehmen.IV Der Text von Tabari bietet gewisse Schwierigkeiten. Aus dem ersten Teil der Übersetzungen von Nöldeke und von Schwarz ist zu entnehmen, daß Mihr-Narsa (5. Jh. (224)) mehrere Gebäude, aber nur einen Feuertempel errich- tete. Unklar aber ist, wo er diesen Tempel erbaute: in Girra (Gere) oder Abruwan? Die Übersetzung von Nöldeke bietet meines Erachtens keinen Anhaltspunkt für eine Lösung, während sich bei Schwarz die zweimalige Erwähnung des Wortes „dort" auf Abruwān bezieht, so daß sich danach an diesem Ort der Feuertempel befunden haben müßte. Allerdings kennen wir seit längerer Zeit einen Cahar Tâq in der Nähe von Girra (225). ... fn. 221 Diese Lesung gibt Nöldeke, Geschichte der Perser, S. 111; Schwarz, S. 69, schreib Abrewän; Hinz schlägt Abrawān vor; bei Klima, Archiv Orientalni, 35 (1967), S. S A. 5 findet sich daneben auch noch die Lesung Erawan. fn. 224 Über die genaue Datierung von Mihr-Narsa s. zuletzt: Klima, Archiv Orientalni 35 (1967), S. 52ff.fn. 225 Siehe dort. [Abruwan (221), Färs I The exact location of this place can no longer be determined today. An attempt is made to give an approximate location under IV.IV The text of Tabari presents certain difficulties. From the first part of the translations by Nöldeke and von Schwarz it can be seen that Mihr-Narsa (5th century (224)) built several buildings, but only one fire temple. However, it is unclear where he built this temple: in Girra (Gere) or Abruwan? In my opinion, Nöldeke's translation offers no clue to a solution, while in Schwarz's case the two-fold mention of the word "there" refers to Abruwān, so that the fire temple must have been located at this location. However, we have known for some time about a Cahar Tâq near Girra (225). ... fn. 221 This reading is given by Nöldeke, Geschichte der Perser, p. 111; Schwarz, p. 69, writes Abrewän; Hinz suggests Abrawān; in Klima, Archiv Orientalni, 35 (1967), p. S A. 5, the reading Erawan is also found. fn. 224 For the exact dating of Mihr-Narsa, see most recently: Klima, Archiv Orientalni 35 (1967), p. 52ff.fn. 225 See there.] » #3098 Klaus Schippmann, Die iranischen Feuerheiligtümer, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 1971 ~ pp. 123-126 Abshi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051622 coordinate: lat 28.6528 long 54.4903 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Shib , Abshi , آب شیب , VARIANT names: Abshi , ※ SOURCE for Abshi « Once Deh- i-khair was left behind, on March 29th, no cultivation was met along the flat thalweg until the small villages of Banuch and Abshi were reached, some 9 miles lower down. To these villages canals carry water from the springs about Nakhsh-i-Rustam on the northern side of the valley. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 200 Abu `Uruj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: TMB UFI: -3101896 coordinate: lat 33.3833333 long 44.5833333 NIMA/GNS names: Abu `Uruj , Abu `Uruq , Abul `Uruj , VARIANT names: Abu `Uruj , Abu 'ana : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051669 coordinate: lat 27.6827 long 53.0384 NIMA/GNS names: Abu 'ana , Abu Hana , ابو حنا , VARIANT names: Abu 'ana , Abu Dhabi : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPLC UFI: -782066 coordinate: lat 24.466667 long 54.366667 NIMA/GNS names: Abu Dabi , Abu Dhabi , Abu Zabi , Abu Zaby , Abu Zabye , Abu Zabyo , أبوظبي , VARIANT names: Abu Dhabi , es-Sir , ※ SOURCE for es-Sir « The name of "es-Sir" does not appear in our recent maps or charts. Niebuhr locates it within the district of es-Sirr, — the littoral on the west of the promontary of Runs el-Jebel or Musandim, — in the position now occupied by Abu-Zhaby, (the Abotbubbee of Brucks's chart, see note 2, p. 70,) with which I am inclined to identify it. It was the nearest and most convenient point of disembarcation for the projected march of the Persians to el-Bereimy and ezh-Zhâhirah. » #482 Razik, Salil-Ibn, History of the Imâms and Seyyids of ’Omân ... from A.D. 661-1856. Translated from the original Arabic and edited, with notes, appendices, and an introduction, continuing the history down to 1870, by G. P. Badger, Darf Publishers Limited, London, 1871/1986 ~ p. 138-9 Abu Jisra : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3101753 coordinate: lat 33.9166667 long 44.8166667 NIMA/GNS names: Abu Jisra , Abu Jisrah , Khan Abu Jisrah , VARIANT names: Abu Jisra , ※ SOURCE for Abu Jisra « At 16 miles is a caravanserai of Abū Jisrā, in which there is accommodation for some 200 men and horses. This is not a usual halting place for caravans which generally go right through. There is plenty of room for camping close by. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 146 Abu Musa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: 216753 coordinate: lat 25.86698 long 55.023633 NIMA/GNS names: Abu Musa , ابو موسی , VARIANT names: Abu Musa , Bomosa or Boumoseh , I. Abomoussa , Zaghnah , Zaua? , ※ SOURCE for Abu Musa « To make sure that the shaikhs fully understood this limitation, Hennell designated a line drawn between the islands of Abu Musa and Sirri as constituting the southern boundary of this highway, and he obtained from each of them a promise to confine their maritime conflicts to the south of this line. The following January, while Hennell was on furlough, the new Resident, Major James Morison, moved the restrictive line further from the Persian coast, after it had been pointed out to him by officers of the Gulf squadron that Abu Musa and Sirri were notorious pirate lairs. The new line ran from Sha'am, on the western side of the Musandam peninsula, to a point ten miles south of Abu Musa and onwards to the island of Sir Abu Nu'air.When the Qasimi chieftain, Sultan ibn Saqr, was informed of the change he protested that it prevented him from sending his dhows around Ras Musandam into the Gulf of 'Oman to defend his possessions around Khaur Fakkan. » #12 Kelly, John Barrett, Britain and the Persian Gulf 1795-1880, Oxford University Press, London, 1968 ~ p. 358 ※ SOURCE for Bomosa or Boumoseh « BOMOSA, OR BOUMOSEH, in lat. 25° 51' N. lon. 55° 9' E., distant about 11 leagues N. N. W. W. from Sharga, and 8 leagues to the S. S. W. of the Little Tumb, is an uninhabited island, about 4 or 5 miles long, conspicuous by a high round hill near its centre, with several small hummocks at the east end. There is deep water near it to the southward, but its northern side, seems not well known to European navigators. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ p. 260 ※ SOURCE for I. Abomoussa « I. Abomoussa » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 ※ SOURCE for Zaghnah « Zaua? [Portuguese name] Zaghnah [Arab name] Bū Müsa [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Zaua? « Zaua? [Portuguese name] Zaghnah [Arab name] Bū Müsa [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 Abu Shahrain : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: -3105001 coordinate: lat 30.7975 long 45.9777778 NIMA/GNS names: Abu Shahrain , Abu Shahrein , Eridu , VARIANT names: Abu Shahrain , Abzar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077020 coordinate: lat 28.325114 long 53.089469 NIMA/GNS names: Nim Deh , Nimdeh , نیم ده , نیمده , VARIANT names: Abzar , Afzar , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Abzar AT Nimdeh lat 28.325114 long 53.089469 [Le Strange], ※ SOURCE for Abzar « Kārzin, Qir and Abzar(1). Kārzin is a medium-sized town: and Qir is a small town, as likewise is Abzar. All three are of the hot region, and there are abundant palm-trees here. The water is from the Zakan river; and in Kārzin is a strong castle, to which water is drawn up from the Zakan. fn. 1 All three famous in the times of the Arab geographers. Kārzin is now merely a village, Qir is a township, and Abzar town was probably at Nim Dih, the capital of the Afzar District, half a league east of Ab-i-Garm. » #3133 trans. G. Le Strange, The Geographical Part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub¯ Composed by Hamd-Allāh Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 117 « Ibn al-Balkhi - Nahr Thakan, arose near Jatruyah or Chatruyah, in the Masaram sub-district around Shiraz and watered this region, flowed past Kavar, Khabr, Simkan Karzin, Qir, Abzar and Laghir, watered the Siraf district, passed the village of Thakan from which it took its name, emptied into the Persian Gulf between Najiram and Siraf (Le Strange 1912: 871). » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 9 « 'AMID AL-DIN AL-ABZARI AL-ANSARI, AS'AD B. NASR, minister and poet, hailing from Abzar, south of Shiraz. He was in the service of Sa'd b. Zangi, atabeg of Färs; was sent by his master as an ambassador to Muhammad Kharizmshah, refused the offers which were made to him, succeeded Rukn al-Din Salah Kirmāni as minister and held his position until the death of Sa'd. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~vol. 1 p. 434 « Originaire de Abzar/Afzar, bourg et canton des Garmsirāt sur la route de Qais, (34) il a fait ses premières études à Fāl, (35) où voilà exister, à la fin du XIIe siècle déjà, une vie intellectuelle organisée.fn. 34 Ajouter Istakhri, p. 106, 116, 136 (trad. persane p. 100, 104, 119) aux références réunies dans Shadd al-izār, p. 215. fn. 35 Dans l'édition de Ibn al-Fuwati, Talkhis, p. 900, est imprimé "Falat", ce qui désignerait une localité du Khuzistān, (Yaqut, Mu'jam al-buldan, III, p. 846; auj. Faleh); Qazwini, qui a publié antérieurement la notice, dans ses notes au Shadd al-izār, p. 522, d'après le ms. de Damas, imprime "Fal". [Originally from Abzar/Afzar, a town and canton of Garmsirāt on the road to Qais, (34) he did his first studies in Fāl, (35) where there was already an organized intellectual life at the end of the 12th century. fn. 34 Add Istakhri, pp. 106, 116, 136 (Persian trans. pp. 100, 104, 119) to the references collected in Shadd al-izār, p. 215. fn. 35 In the edition of Ibn al-Fuwati, Talkhis, p. 900, "Falat" is printed, which would designate a locality of Khuzistān, (Yaqut, Mu'jam al-buldan, III, p. 846; today Faleh); Qazwini, who previously published the notice, in his notes to Shadd al-izār, p. 522, according to the Damascus ms., prints "Fal".] » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ p. 24 « Abzar VI C4 Site non identifié, localisation hypothétique. Localité située à mi-distance entre Fasā et Sirāf. H 262, 267; F 201; Muq 447. LS 254; Schw. 80; DKI 158. » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Afzar « Le cousin paternel de Safi al-Din Mas'üd Siräfi est un de ces Fäli d'occasion, un texte au moins lui donne cette nisha, dont le petit-fils sera un " Shirazi", mais dont le pays d'origine est révélé par sa nisha propre: 'Amid al-Din As'ad Abzari. Originaire de Abzar/Afzar, bourg et canton des Garmsirät sur la route de Qais, il a fait ses premières études à Fål, où voilà exister, à la fin du XIIe siècle déjà, une vie intellectuelle organisée. [The paternal cousin of Safi al-Din Mas'ud Siräfi is one of these occasional Fäli, at least one text gives him this nisha, whose grandson will be a "Shirazi", but whose country of origin is revealed by his own nisha: 'Amid al-Din As'ad Abzari. Originally from Abzar/Afzar, a town and canton of Garmsirät on the road to Qais, he did his first studies in Fål, where there already existed, at the end of the 12th century, an organized intellectual life.] » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ p. 24 Achu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.8537 long 54.4237 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Achu , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Achu AT Dehkuh lat 27.8537 long 54.4237 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Achu « Le même jour, nous allåmes dormir dans un village // du nom d'Achu, que nous quittâmes le lendemain 10 du mois, au quart de l'aube, pour aller nous restaurer dans un autre appelé Bexim. [The same day, we went to sleep in a village // called Achu, which we left the next day, the 10th of the month, at quarter to dawn, to go and eat in another called Bexim.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 111 NIMA/GNS feature: LGN independent coordinate: lat 12.711905 long 43.482329 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Acila , Akila , Ocilia , Okelis , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Acila AT Khawr Ghurayrah lat 12.711905 long 43.482329 [Sprenger, Forbiger], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Acila AT Ras al Hadd lat 22.53761 long 59.79599 [Dames], ※ SOURCE for Acila « The prominent Cape known to the Arabs as Rasa'l-hadd, "the Boundary Cape," is generally called Rosalgate by the carly Portuguese travellers (sometimes Roselgate or Roçalgate). De Barros (Dec. II, Bk. ii, Ch. 1) wrongly considers it to be the Cape Syagrus of Ptolemy, a name which in reality applies to C. Fartak. This cape is the most easterly point of the Arabian peninsula, where, as Barbosa observes, the coast bends back towards the Persian Gulf. Strabo (xvi, iv, 6) calls it Acila, a name which Pliny applies to a town in its vicinity. It corresponds closely in position with Sur, though it is improbable that there is any etymological connection between the names as Schoff supposes (Periplus, p. 147). » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ p.68 « The early geography of the harbours in Oman is extremely obscure. There have always been ports along that coast, disguised under various names. Pliny and the Periplus both mention Oman as a port but we have no clues as to its location for none of the Muslim place names seem to have been used in those times. Of modern ports, Suhãr seems to be the most ancient, but Kalhat was important in the Middle ages, and was perhaps* Pliny's Ácila. » #2715 G. R. Tibbetts, Pre-Islamic Arabia and South-East Asia, Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Vol. 29:No. 3 (175):pp. 182-208 ~ p. 191 « Miles took a different view, and saw the proprietorship of the Scenitae Sabaei over the emporium at Acila, a point of embarkation for trade with India, as the beginning of the second east Arabian section. This, however, was based on his identification of Acila with Qalhat, a coastal town located north of Sur.(206) Both Forbiger (207) and Sprenger, (208) however, have convincingly demonstrated the identity of Acila and Okelis, near the Bab al Mandab,(209) and this is surely more plausible as a Sabaean trading- station than Qalhat in Oman. More recently, von Wissmann has discussed this point in extenso, and proposed that the indication of Sabaean control at the Bab al Mandab is a sign that this portion of the text must have originated around 50 BC.(210) fn. 206 Miles, 'Note on Pliny's Geography', 169. Note that Marco Polo mentions 'Kalatu' as a port at which many ships from India called. Cf. the discussion in A. W. Stiffe, 'Ancient Trading Centres of the Persian Gulf, iv: Maskat', GJ 10 (1897), 615. fn. 207 Handbuch, 753 n. 4. fn. 208 Die alte Geographie, § 68. fn. 209 Cf. von Wissmann, 'Zaabram', 1309; J. Ryckmans, 'Petits royaumes sud-arabes, d'après les auteurs classiques', Le Muséon, 70 (1957), 79: 'Pline attribue Acila (Ocelis) à des Sabéens Scénites (c'est-à-dire non sédentaires).' fn. 210 Von Wissmann, 'Zangenae', 1342. 211 Miles, 'Note on Pliny's Geography', 169. » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ vol. 2 p. 312 ※ SOURCE for Akila « B3 | Akila/Okelis § | Khor Ghurayrah (Shaykh Sa'id)? YEM | Robin 1995, 225. » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory MAP 4 ARABIA-AZANIA p. 44 ※ SOURCE for Ocilia « B3 | Akila/Okelis § | Khor Ghurayrah (Shaykh Sa'id)? YEM | Robin 1995, 225. » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory MAP 4 ARABIA-AZANIA p. 44 ※ SOURCE for Okelis « Miles took a different view, and saw the proprietorship of the Scenitae Sabaei over the emporium at Acila, a point of embarkation for trade with India, as the beginning of the second east Arabian section. This, however, was based on his identification of Acila with Qalhat, a coastal town located north of Sur.206 Both Forbiger207 and Sprenger,208 however, have convincingly demonstrated the identity of Acila and Okelis, near the Bab al Mandab,209 and this is surely more plausible as a Sabaean trading- station than Qalhat in Oman. More recently, von Wissmann has discussed this point in extenso, and proposed that the indication of Sabaean control at the Bab al Mandab is a sign that this portion of the text must have originated around 50 BC.210 fn. 206 Miles, 'Note on Pliny's Geography', 169. Note that Marco Polo mentions 'Kalatu' as a port at which many ships from India called. Cf. the discussion in A. W. Stiffe, 'Ancient Trading Centres of the Persian Gulf, iv: Maskat', GJ 10 (1897), 615. fn. 207 Handbuch, 753 n. 4. fn. 208 Die alte Geographie, § 68. fn. 209 Cf. von Wissmann, 'Zaabram', 1309; J. Ryckmans, 'Petits royaumes sud-arabes, d'après les auteurs classiques', Le Muséon, 70 (1957), 79: 'Pline attribue Acila (Ocelis) à des Sabéens Scénites (c'est-à-dire non sédentaires).' fn. 210 Von Wissmann, 'Zangenae', 1342. 211 Miles, 'Note on Pliny's Geography', 169. » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ vol. 2 p. 312 « B3 | Akila/Okelis § | Khor Ghurayrah (Shaykh Sa'id)? YEM | Robin 1995, 225. » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory MAP 4 ARABIA-AZANIA p. 44 Ad Daffah 1 (DFH1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK903675 converted to coordinate: lat 22.2887807255937 long 59.8173433291277 VARIANT names: Ad Daffah 1 (DFH1) , ※ SOURCE for Ad Daffah 1 (DFH1) « Village » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Ad Daffah 2 (DFH2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK905669 converted to coordinate: lat 22.2833330724625 long 59.8191738751217 VARIANT names: Ad Daffah 2 (DFH2) , ※ SOURCE for Ad Daffah 2 (DFH2) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ad Dayr : place BHR NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -784787 coordinate: lat 26.2841667 long 50.6236111 NIMA/GNS names: Ad Dayr , Dair , Dair-ar-Rahib , Dayr ar Rahib , VARIANT names: Ad Dayr , ※ SOURCE for Ad Dayr « Apart from these finds there are, however, toponymic indications of at least two settlements datable to the Sasanian period. Samahig, a village on the north coast of Muharraq, preserves the name of the Nestorian bishopric Mašmahig, attested in the acts of the Nestorian synods in 410 and 576 (see below). In 1914 'old foundations' were noted here. (125) Further west on Muharraq is the village of Dayr, the Aramaic name of which means 'cloister', 'monastery',(126) Thus, Dayr is almost certainly the site of one of the numerous Nestorian monasteries known to have existed in the region. These names, together with the literary evidence attesting to a substantial Nestorian population on Bahrain in the fifth, sixth, and seventh centuries, suggest that it is only a matter of time before more archaeological material of comparable date is discovered there.. fn. 125 E. Sachau, Die Chronik von Arbela (Abh. d. Königl. Preuss. Akad. d. Wiss., phil.-hist. Kl., 6; Berlin, 1915), 27. fn. 126 For Aramaic dayr, see S. Fränkel, Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (Leiden, 1886), 275. For a discussion of Christian clerical terms in Arabic, cf. C. Hechaimé, » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ vol. 2 pp. 124-5 Adam : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -785817 coordinate: lat 22.379335 long 57.527183 NIMA/GNS names: Adam , Adam , أدم , VARIANT names: Adam , Aden : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 420687 coordinate: lat 12.779444 long 45.036667 NIMA/GNS names: `Adan , Aden , عدن , VARIANT names: Adam , Adan , Adem , Aden , Arabia Eudaemon , ※ SOURCE for Adam « ADAM, porto de- Adém ou Aden, em 12° 45' lat. N. e 45° 04' long. E., na costa setentrional do golfo do mesmo nome. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 8 ※ SOURCE for Adan « 'ADAN (ADEN) (i) town, (ii) British crown colony, (iii) British protectorate in S.W. Arabia. (1) Town and seaport on the South coast of Arabia, in British possession since 1839, with a mixed population of ca 35,000. Adan (cf. akkad. edinu "steppe"), more precisely 'Adan Abyan (by way of distinction from Adan La'a, and al-'Adan in a verse of Ufnün al-Taghlibi; cf. Yakut, iii, 622 f., Kay, 232, AM, ii, 17, 284), or tha ghr "Adan from its being strongly fortified, is the Athene of Pliny, 'Abýv of Philostorgius, Ευδαίμων Αραβία of the Periplus, 'Apaßía Európtov of Ptolemy (cf. Pauly-Wissowa, Suppl., iii, 6), and most probably the 'eden of Ez., xxvii, 23 (see recently v. Wissmann-Höfner, Beiträge 206 (88), where also the triple do of CIH 550, which may, however, be a fake, is quoted). For other names of the place see al-Makdisi, 30, IM, 110 (= Löfgren, Arab. Texte, i, 29). » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden ~ vol. 1 p. 180 ※ SOURCE for Adem « ADAM, porto de- Adém ou Aden, em 12° 45' lat. N. e 45° 04' long. E., na costa setentrional do golfo do mesmo nome. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 8 ※ SOURCE for Aden « que nenhuma naao que tomar carrega em calecut nom posa pasar do estreito pera dentro nem hir a aden, resaluando se aden esteuese a nosa obidiencia e seruiço, porque emtam poderam hir a dita cidade, e sendo alguma das ditas naaos achada por nosas armadas do cabo de goarda fune pera dentro seja tomada de booa guerra. » #2516 Afonso de Albuquerque, Raymundo Antonio de Bulhão Pato, Henrique Lopes de Mendonça, Cartas de Affonso de Albus querque, seguidas de documentos que as elucidam, ~ vol. 2 p. 451 ※ SOURCE for Arabia Eudaemon #823 Warmington, E H, The Commerce between the Roman Empire and India, Cambridge, 1928 p. 9 owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Arabia Eudaemon, 44.8825, 12.748333, YE, nkn, exact, 853, tmcIRa0100_017a » Adharkan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.977549 long 52.367585 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: km adjacent to Damidan and the Abanbar Safid ("white cistern")? The road is now at an elevation of 315m ASL and rises to 970 ASL before dropping down into Siraf. VARIANT names: Adharkan , Azarkan , Han Badergan , ※ SOURCE for Adharkan « De May au début de la montée, six parasanges: c'est un relais appelé Adharkan. [From May to the start of the climb, six parasangs: it is a relay called Adharkan.] » #3352 Configuration de la terre : Kitab surat al-Ard / Ibn Hauqal ; introduction et traduction, avec index, par J. H. Kramers et G. Wiet, Maisonneuve et Larose, Paris, 1964 ~ vol. 2 p. 279 ※ SOURCE for Azarkan « and from Azarkan to Burkan Khan, four farsakhs, and from Burkan to Siraf al-Madinah. About seven farsakhs, and the total is sixty farsakhs. » #3339 Ibn Haukal, J. H. Kramers, Opus Geographicum 2. Clima II, Brill, Leiden, 1967 ~ p. 283 ※ SOURCE for Han Badergan « Den englischen Karten fehlen beide Orte. Kirend dürfte im Tale des von Karzin kommenden Flusses zu suchen sein. Der Hän Bädergän würde dann zum Gebiete des von Wardawan kom- menden Flusses gehören, der Hän Barkäne in die Gegend von Jam (etwa südöstlich davon) fallen. Mukaddasi führt 1 Tagereise von Kirend zum Halteplatz Barzara, von dort 1 Tag bis Gemm (1) und einen weiteren Tag bis Sirāf. Barzara müßte nicht allzu fern vom Hän Bädergän gesucht werden. Im einzelnen bleibt hier alles zwischen Raikan und Jam zunächst unsicher. Daß die Gegend südlich von Gür schon in alter Zeit spärlich besiedelt war, zeigen die drei, bez. vier Hane auf der 40 Par. langen Strecke, denen nur zwei Dörfer gegenüberstehen in der Beschreibung des Istahri. fn. 1 Vgl. oben (II) S. 64. [Both places are missing from the English maps. Kirend is probably to be found in the valley of the river coming from Karzin. The Hän Bädergän would then belong to the area of ??the river coming from Wardawan, the Hän Barkäne would fall into the area of ??Jam (approximately southeast of it). Mukaddasi is a one-day journey from Kirend to the Barzara stopping place, from there one day to Gemm (1) and another day to Sirāf. Barzara would not have to be sought too far from the Hän Bädergän. In detail, everything between Raikan and Jam remains uncertain for the time being. The fact that the area south of Gür was sparsely populated even in ancient times is shown by the three or four Hane on the 40-par. long stretch, opposite which there are only two villages in the description of the Istahri. fn. 1 See above (II) p. 64.] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 196 Adraskan Rud : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 33.64267536 long 62.26487524 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Adraskan Rud , ※ SOURCE for Adraskan Rud « 13. ADRASKAN RUD See also 2057 DEH SABZ. Original: Lat. 33º 380 N, long. 62º 160 E. Map 70. Revised: 33.64267536 N, 62.26487524 E / 33º 380 33.63130644 N, 62º 150 53.55087588 E. Herat Province. 80 km south of Herat, 300 m west of the Shindand road, south of the Adraskān Rūd, after crossing this river. Dates: Achamenid, 6th–4th cent. BC; Partho-Sasanian, 1st– 4th cent.; pre-Mongol Islamic, 10th–13th cent. (ceramic). Description: Small quadrangular platform (60 x 60 m), height 5 m, at edge of the river; ruins of a brick caravanserai. Collection: National Museum/AIA—sherds. Fieldwork: 1. 1885–6 ABC—topographical exploration. 2. 1952 Le Berre-Gardin, DAFA—survey. 3. 1968–78 Kruglikova, Soviet-Afghan Mission—survey. Sources: 1. DAFA archives: unpublished report by M. Le Berre 1952, Tepe Herat-Shindand6. 2. Maitland et al. 1887: 80—mention ruins of an old fort and caravanserai. 3. Peacocke 1887: 213—mentions two small ruined baked brick forts. 4. Amir Khan and Shahzada Taimus, 1888a: 137—mention. 5. Gazetteer 1975: III. 14—mention. 6. Gaibov et al. 2010: 112—mention that the platform had disappeared by 1970 (Site K150). » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 12 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 15.266667 long 39.75 VARIANT names: Adulis , ※ SOURCE for Adulis owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Adulis, 39.75, 15.266667, SD, nkn, approx, 4, tmcIRa0100_002a » AE1 Kish : arch. site IRN UTM: 5359, 2632 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5333333333333 long 53.9833333333333 VARIANT names: AE1 Kish , ※ SOURCE for AE1 Kish « Other variants: Qais Details: The location on an equivalent version of the place name, Qais, is marked (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 136 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 AE10 Kish : arch. site IRN UTM: 5359, 2632 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5333333333333 long 53.9833333333333 VARIANT names: AE10 Kish , ※ SOURCE for AE10 Kish « Other variants: See AE1 Details: See AE1 No. of sherds: 10 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 AE2 Kish : arch. site IRN UTM: 5359, 2632 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5333333333333 long 53.9833333333333 VARIANT names: AE2 Kish , ※ SOURCE for AE2 Kish « Other variants: See AE1 Details: See AE1 No. of sherds: 115 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 AE20 Kish : arch. site IRN UTM: 5359, 2632 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5333333333333 long 53.9833333333333 VARIANT names: AE20 Kish , ※ SOURCE for AE20 Kish « Other variants: See AE1 Details: See AE1 No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 AE3 Kish : arch. site IRN UTM: 5359, 2632 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5333333333333 long 53.9833333333333 VARIANT names: AE3 Kish , ※ SOURCE for AE3 Kish « Other variants: See AE1 Details: See AE1 No. of sherds: 79 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 AE4 Kish : arch. site IRN UTM: 5359, 2632 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5333333333333 long 53.9833333333333 VARIANT names: AE4 Kish , ※ SOURCE for AE4 Kish « Other variants: See AE1 Details: See AE1 No. of sherds: 54 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 AE6 Kish : arch. site IRN UTM: 5359, 2632 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5333333333333 long 53.9833333333333 VARIANT names: AE6 Kish , ※ SOURCE for AE6 Kish « Other variants: See AE1 Details: See AE1 No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 29.517 long 35 VARIANT names: Aelana , ※ SOURCE for Aelana owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Aelana, 35, 29.517, JO, nkn, approx, 7, tmcIRa0100_003a » AES Kish : arch. site IRN UTM: 5359, 2632 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5333333333333 long 53.9833333333333 VARIANT names: AES Kish , ※ SOURCE for AES Kish « Other variants: See AE1 Details: See AE1 No. of sherds: 17 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Agh Miyun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051883 coordinate: lat 37.9729 long 47.6506 NIMA/GNS names: Agh Miyun , Aghmeyun , Aghmeyun , Aghmiun , آغ ميون , آغميون , آغمیون , اغميون , VARIANT names: Agh Miyun , Agha Ibrahim Khan Karani C. : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.44476 long 55.670911 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Agha Ibrahim Khan Karani C. , ※ SOURCE for Agha Ibrahim Khan Karani C. Caravanserai of Agha Ibrahim Khan Karani online reference link [accessed 25 Sep 2024] Agha Mihrab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.788514 long 49.683908 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: unknown location VARIANT names: Agha Mihrab , ※ SOURCE for Agha Mihrab « MALAMIR-AGHA MIHRAB, 6½ hours. Road leaves the Murgah and ascends the Murdafil Pass to the S.W. Excellent camping-ground at Agha Mihrab. » #3530 Vita Sackville West, Twelve Days An Account of a Journey Across the Bakhtiari Mountains in South-Western Persia, Doubleday, Doran and Co.,, 1928 ~ p. 141 Aghan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051887 coordinate: lat 28.6552 long 53.1405 NIMA/GNS names: Aghan , Aghun , آغان , VARIANT names: Aghan , Aghda : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053415 coordinate: lat 32.442137 long 53.628025 NIMA/GNS names: `Aqda , Aghda , عقدا , VARIANT names: Agda , Agea Gaurnme , Agea Gaurume , Aghda , ※ SOURCE for Agda « Agda. It is a large village, with a high mud fort, partly in ruins, where we were assigned quarters. Agda is remarkable for its noble caravansarai and abam-bar, built by a merchant of Rasht thirty years ago, and for a large spring in a hollow under the fort. The spring is fed from the mountains, and in a cleft of them, twelve miles distant, a patch of green denotes the village of Hasanabad, watered by a perennial brook. The Zabit of Agda was an old man, and indisposed to receive strangers; nevertheless he did violence to his disposition, and treated us with great civility. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 2 p. 7-8 « Der 29. Julii brachte uns gen Agda, und lieferte uns Datteln/Feigen/überaus grosse Melonen und dieersten Weintrauben. [The 29th of July brought us to Agda, and delivered to us dates, figs, extremely large melons, and the first grapes.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 62 ※ SOURCE for Agea Gaurnme « Agea Gaurnme Agda (?) » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ vol. 1 p. lix ※ SOURCE for Agea Gaurume « The llth, three p. to a small castle named Agea Gaurume. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 216 Ahel : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746069 coordinate: lat 27.1664 long 53.763 NIMA/GNS names: Ahel , Ahl , Ehel , Kadiun , Kodian , Kodnan , Kodyan , Kudian , کدیون , کودیان , VARIANT names: Ahel , Ahl : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071719 coordinate: lat 27.210632 long 53.659401 NIMA/GNS names: Ahl , De'ow , Kodyan , Kowdian , Kudeyan , Kudian , Kuh-e De'ow , Kuh-e-De'u , Kuh-i-Deo , اهل , VARIANT names: Ahl , Ahmad Mahmudi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052054 coordinate: lat 28.25 long 53.6118 NIMA/GNS names: Ahmad Mahmudi , احمد محمودی , VARIANT names: Ahmad Mahmudi , Ahmadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3782727 coordinate: lat 35.729045 long 52.060889 NIMA/GNS names: Ahmadabad , Mahalleh-ye Ahmadabad , احمد آباد , محله احمد آباد , VARIANT names: Ahmadabad , Ahmedabad , ※ SOURCE for Ahmedabad « and then we steadily descended into a most picturesque valley, where thin light stems of trees, brown mud roofs, and a blue dome, showed where lay the village of Demavend. This was yet another of the places there is no time for in this world, and we pressed onround a corner down a villainous miniature kotal and then, striking east, entered the hamlet of Ahmedabad. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 313 Ahmadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051947 coordinate: lat 28.8532 long 52.5065 NIMA/GNS names: Ahmadabad , احمد آباد , VARIANT names: Ahmadabad , Ahmadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 28.01015 long 54.179107 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ahmadabad , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Ahmadabad AT Masihabad lat 28.01015 long 54.179107 [possible based on Pohanka km 68.[PBR]], ※ SOURCE for Ahmadabad « in deren ungefährem Zentrum nahe dem Dorf Ahmadabad bei km 68 ein Karavanserail von rechteckigem Grundriß liegt [in the approximate centre of which, near the village of Ahmadabad at km 68, there is a caravanserai of rectangular plan] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 293 Ahmadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051952 coordinate: lat 29.59653517 long 52.46254257 NIMA/GNS names: Ahmadabad , Ahmadabad Shahqol Beygi , Ahmadabad-e Shaqol Beygi , احمد آباد , VARIANT names: Ahmadabad , Ahmadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051945 coordinate: lat 28.4472 long 52.3688 NIMA/GNS names: Ahmad Abad Arba'eh , Ahmadabad , احمد آباد , VARIANT names: Ahmadabad , Ahmedabad , Ahmet - Abad , Dingar , ※ SOURCE for Ahmadabad « Ahmadabad » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} « Ahmadabad » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} ※ SOURCE for Ahmedabad « Gaouri à Ahmedabad (Dingar), 30 kilomètres (mardi 5 mars). »#3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p.132 ※ SOURCE for Ahmet - Abad « Nous passons et longeons ensuite plusieurs courans d'eau. Après avoir laissé à gauche un mausolée, nous traversons, sur un petit pont, un ruisseau qui arrose un joli jardin planté d'arbres fruitiers, attenant au village d'Ahmet - Abad. [We then pass and follow several streams. After leaving a mausoleum on the left, we cross, on a small bridge, a stream that waters a pretty garden planted with fruit trees, adjoining the village of Ahmet-Abad.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 pp. 61-2 ※ SOURCE for Dingar « Gaouri à Ahmedabad (Dingar), 30 kilomètres (mardi 5 mars). »#3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p.132 Ahmadi : stream grp 20 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3193547 coordinate: lat 27.8 long 56.833333 NIMA/GNS names: Ahmadi , Ahmadi Rud , Rud-e Ahmadi , Rud-e Pur , Rud-i-Pur , رود احمدی , رود پور , VARIANT names: Ahmadi , Ahmadi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10444167 coordinate: lat 27.9128 long 56.7011 NIMA/GNS names: Ahmadi , احمدی , VARIANT names: Ahmadi , Ahmadi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082551 coordinate: lat 27.9185 long 56.739 NIMA/GNS names: Ahmadi , Sarah-e Ahmadi , Sara-ye Ahmadi , Serah-e Ahmadi , احمدی , سراح احمدی , سراه احمدی , سرای احمدی , VARIANT names: Ahmadi , Ahmadi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 393237 coordinate: lat 29.0769 long 51.0607 NIMA/GNS names: Ahmadi , احمدی , VARIANT names: Ahmadee , Ahmadi , ※ SOURCE for Ahmadee « The best place to stop at on the first day is Ahmadee, where there is an excellent serai, though the water is brackish and many supplies are not procurable. » #1795 MacGregor , Charles Metcalfe, Narrative of a Journey through the Province of Khorassan, and on the N. W. Frontier of Afghanistan in 1875, ~ vol. 1 p. 14 Ahmedi (Schindler) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.922526 long 56.687618 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ahmedi (Schindler) , ※ SOURCE for Ahmedi (Schindler) « Vier miles weiter passiert man die 1 mile breiten, 2 mile langen Dattel- wälder von Bungod (Bunggah), deren Bewässerung aus tiefen Brunnen durch Kühe gepumpt wird. Eine kurze Strecke weiter erreicht man das 3400 Fuss ü. d. Meere gelegene Dorf Ahmedi. Dort blühten Citronen-, Limonen-, süsse und bittere Orangen- bäume und Pistazien, die mit Feigen und Granatäpfelbäumen unter schlanken Dattelpalmen förmliche Dickichte bildeten. Ahmedi hat ungefähr 100 aus Dattelpalmzweigen gebaute Hütten und ist Hauptort eines kleinen zur Provinz Fars gehörenden Districtes, der jährlich 3200 Tomân Steuer bezahlt. [Four miles further on you pass the one mile wide and two mile long date forests of Bungod (Bunggah), which are irrigated by cows pumping water from deep wells. A short distance further on you reach the village of Ahmedi, 3400 feet above sea level. There, lemon, lime, sweet and bitter orange trees and pistachio trees flourished, forming veritable thickets with fig and pomegranate trees under slender date palms. Ahmedi has about 100 huts built from date palm branches and is the capital of a small district in the province of Fars, which pays 3200 tomans in tax annually.] » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~ p. 341 Ahram : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 14803349 coordinate: lat 28.85259 long 51.23315 NIMA/GNS names: Ahram , VARIANT names: Ahram , Harem , ※ SOURCE for Ahram « Nous nous arrêtâmes, après avoir marché cinq farsangs, au grand village d'Ahram, peut- ètre le même qui est indiqué dans la carte de Lapie, sous le nom d'Akhrem; [We stopped, after walking five farsangs, at the large village of Ahram, perhaps the same one which is indicated in the map of Lapie, under the name of Akhrem;] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 512 ※ SOURCE for Harem « On laisse sur la gauche un village muré, appelé Bahdh, dans le voisinage duquel, à l'ouest, est un bois de palmiers. Une farseng plus loin, nous rejoignons le chemin qui conduit directement de Bender-Bou- chêr au village de Harem. [We leave on the left a walled village, called Bahdh, in the vicinity of which, to the west, is a palm grove. A farseng further on, we join the path which leads directly from Bender-Boucher to the village of Harem.] » #3256 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Gazetteer of Persia Vol. IV, Printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1892 ~ vol. 2 p. 54 Ahram castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.885883 long 51.278598 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ahram castle , Ahram Rud : stream grp 8 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 28.887543 long 51.223814 VARIANT names: Ahram Rud , ※ SOURCE for Ahram Rud « Ahram Rud » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Shiraz 444 D Ahsham : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052075 coordinate: lat 27.479 long 53.3399 NIMA/GNS names: Ahsham , Ehsham , Eyshum , Ishom , احشام , VARIANT names: Ahsham , Ahwaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052107 coordinate: lat 31.312381 long 48.677175 NIMA/GNS names: Ahvaz , Ahwaz , Bandar Nasiri , Bandar-e Naser , Naseri , Nasiri , اهواز , VARIANT names: Ahwaz , Hormizd-Ardashir , Khüzistan-wäzär , Süq al-Ahwaz , ※ SOURCE for Hormizd-Ardashir see source « Süq al-Ahwaz » ※ SOURCE for Khüzistan-wäzär see source « Süq al-Ahwaz » ※ SOURCE for Süq al-Ahwaz « The ancient capital of Shush (Susa), by its connections with Mesopotamia, Mesene (hence with the Gulf trade), and Färs, remained an important economic centre into the Sasanian period. It contained a mint and became the seat of a diocese by 410. Shäpür II, who refounded the city as Erin-khwarra-Shäpür ("Shäpür's Fortune of Iran"), settled many of his Roman captives in the area. Their labour was used there on such projects as the Pay-i Pul over the Karkha (Eulaeus). Others were settled at the major city upstream from Shush, Karkhä dhe Lädhan (Erinshahr-Shipür), which was likewise a bishopric, and perhaps also at the mint-city Nahr Tirag (Nahr Tire). One day's journey to the east lay the provincial capital, Khüzistan-wäzär (Süq al-Ahwaz), at the head of navigation on the Kärün (Pasitigris) river. A bishop was already installed in this market town when Ardashir I renamed it Hormizd-Ardashir. The city was linked with Shush via the Shaur canal (the Choaspes?); and its bridge carried a southern road toward the major city in the east of the province, Rämhurmuz (Räm-Ohrmazd-Ardashir "Ardashir's Peace of Ohrmazd"). This early Sasanian foundation was likewise a mint and, by 410, centre of a diocese. » #843 Gershevitch, Ilya (ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1985 ~ vol. 3(2) p. 753 AI Iqrah (IQR1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ222603 converted to coordinate: lat 21.3310664479884 long 59.1423928068744 VARIANT names: AI Iqrah (IQR1) , ※ SOURCE for AI Iqrah (IQR1) « Shell scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 AI-Fulayj CS.1.2 : arch. site OMN UTM: (0607984/2530944) converted to coordinate: lat 22.8829116777456 long 58.0527448739094 VARIANT names: AI-Fulayj CS.1.2 , ※ SOURCE for AI-Fulayj CS.1.2 #2804 Nasser Said Ali Al-Jahwari, Settlement Patterns, Development and Cultural Change in Northern Oman Peninsula: A multi-tiered approach to the analysis of longterm settlement trends, Durham theses, Durham University, 2008 2 vols: ~ vol. 2 p. 447 AI-Fulayj CS.1.3 : arch. site OMN UTM: (0607832/2529992) converted to coordinate: lat 22.8743229619431 long 58.0511970055866 VARIANT names: AI-Fulayj CS.1.3 , ※ SOURCE for AI-Fulayj CS.1.3 #2804 Nasser Said Ali Al-Jahwari, Settlement Patterns, Development and Cultural Change in Northern Oman Peninsula: A multi-tiered approach to the analysis of longterm settlement trends, Durham theses, Durham University, 2008 2 vols: ~ vol. 2 p. 447 AI-Fulayj CS.1.4 : arch. site OMN UTM: (0607803/2529110) converted to coordinate: lat 22.8663585460137 long 58.0508530489695 VARIANT names: AI-Fulayj CS.1.4 , ※ SOURCE for AI-Fulayj CS.1.4 #2804 Nasser Said Ali Al-Jahwari, Settlement Patterns, Development and Cultural Change in Northern Oman Peninsula: A multi-tiered approach to the analysis of longterm settlement trends, Durham theses, Durham University, 2008 2 vols: ~ vol. 2 p. 448 AI-Fulayj CS.1.5 : arch. site OMN UTM: (068283/2529117) converted to coordinate: lat 22.8663908000481 long 58.0555319197825 VARIANT names: AI-Fulayj CS.1.5 , ※ SOURCE for AI-Fulayj CS.1.5 [6 digit easting given in original UTM. On basis of other UTMs in AI-Fulayj group, assumed the easting as 060823 to obtain co-ordinates.]#2804 Nasser Said Ali Al-Jahwari, Settlement Patterns, Development and Cultural Change in Northern Oman Peninsula: A multi-tiered approach to the analysis of longterm settlement trends, Durham theses, Durham University, 2008 2 vols: ~ vol. 2 p. 449 AI-Fulayj CS.1.5 : arch. site OMN UTM: (0608863/2531605) converted to coordinate: lat 22.8888248828805 long 58.0613596113282 VARIANT names: AI-Fulayj CS.1.5 , ※ SOURCE for AI-Fulayj CS.1.5 #2804 Nasser Said Ali Al-Jahwari, Settlement Patterns, Development and Cultural Change in Northern Oman Peninsula: A multi-tiered approach to the analysis of longterm settlement trends, Durham theses, Durham University, 2008 2 vols: ~ vol. 2 p. 446 AI-Fulayj CS.1.6 : arch. site OMN UTM: (0608893/2529121) converted to coordinate: lat 22.8663873714758 long 58.0614776357175 VARIANT names: AI-Fulayj CS.1.6 , ※ SOURCE for AI-Fulayj CS.1.6 #2804 Nasser Said Ali Al-Jahwari, Settlement Patterns, Development and Cultural Change in Northern Oman Peninsula: A multi-tiered approach to the analysis of longterm settlement trends, Durham theses, Durham University, 2008 2 vols: ~ vol. 2 p. 449 AI-Fulayj CS.1.7 : arch. site OMN UTM: (0609206/2530861) converted to coordinate: lat 22.882082708785 long 58.0646508294265 VARIANT names: AI-Fulayj CS.1.7 , ※ SOURCE for AI-Fulayj CS.1.7 #2804 Nasser Said Ali Al-Jahwari, Settlement Patterns, Development and Cultural Change in Northern Oman Peninsula: A multi-tiered approach to the analysis of longterm settlement trends, Durham theses, Durham University, 2008 2 vols: ~ vol. 2 p. 450 AI-Fulayj CS.1.8 : arch. site OMN UTM: (0608822/2531696) converted to coordinate: lat 22.8896494642977 long 58.0609663245837 VARIANT names: AI-Fulayj CS.1.8 , ※ SOURCE for AI-Fulayj CS.1.8 #2804 Nasser Said Ali Al-Jahwari, Settlement Patterns, Development and Cultural Change in Northern Oman Peninsula: A multi-tiered approach to the analysis of longterm settlement trends, Durham theses, Durham University, 2008 2 vols: ~ vol. 2 p. 450 AI-Fulayj CS.1.9 : arch. site OMN UTM: (0609174/2532271) converted to coordinate: lat 22.8948199280394 long 58.0644382257983 VARIANT names: AI-Fulayj CS.1.9 , ※ SOURCE for AI-Fulayj CS.1.9 #2804 Nasser Said Ali Al-Jahwari, Settlement Patterns, Development and Cultural Change in Northern Oman Peninsula: A multi-tiered approach to the analysis of longterm settlement trends, Durham theses, Durham University, 2008 2 vols: ~ vol. 2 p. 450 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 26.8 long 49.93 VARIANT names: Ain Jawan , ※ SOURCE for Ain Jawan #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975, ~ p. 84 Ainal Kush : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS independent coordinate: lat 34.2939 long 46.944814 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ainal Kush , ※ SOURCE for Ainal Kush « At 8 miles some hillocks are ascended to the pass called Ainal Kush, the road being narrow and stony in parts. The summit is reached at 94 miles (5,500). » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 154 Akbarabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052151 coordinate: lat 29.67889649 long 52.55113873 NIMA/GNS names: Akbarabad , Aq Barabad , اکبر آباد , VARIANT names: Akbarabad , Akbarabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052147 coordinate: lat 29.2464 long 52.7793 NIMA/GNS names: Akbar Abad Kawar , Akbarabad , Akbarabad-e Kavar , اکبر آباد , VARIANT names: Akbarabad , Akbarabad sarai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.673034 long 52.56067 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: approximate location based on map VARIANT names: Akbarabad sarai , ※ SOURCE for Akbarabad sarai « Akbarabad sarai » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Shiraz H-39Q 1948} Akbarabad-e Sardasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10069614 coordinate: lat 28.9941 long 53.6363 NIMA/GNS names: Akbarabad-e Sardasht , Qal`eh , اکبر آباد سردشت , قلعه , VARIANT names: Akbarabad-e Sardasht , Akbarabad-e Sheshdeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052189 coordinate: lat 28.949043 long 54.042701 NIMA/GNS names: Akbarabad , Akbarabad-e Sheshdeh , Akberabad , اکبر آباد , اکبر آباد ششده , VARIANT names: Akbarabad , Akbarabad-e Sheshdeh , ※ SOURCE for Akbarabad « February 6th.-Left at 8-30 A.M. The road from the village of Sheshdeh to that of Akbarábád took a course nearly due east. The latter village was reached at 9-15 A. M. (24 miles), » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 7 Akhand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052196 coordinate: lat 27.4361 long 52.75 NIMA/GNS names: Akhand , Akhownd , Akhund , آخوند , اخند , VARIANT names: Akhand , Khund , ※ SOURCE for Khund « Khund » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Akhtar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052208 coordinate: lat 27.692537 long 52.229518 NIMA/GNS names: Achar , Akhiar , Akhtar , اچر , اختر , VARIANT names: Achar , Akhtar , Akhter , Ras Auctoor , Uchtar , ※ SOURCE for Achar « Achar, situated about 4 miles north-westward of Tahiri, is a small village almost hidden in date groves but it has a large round conspicuous mosque in the middle of it. Anchorage, exposed to the kaus, may be obtained, in a depth of 11 fathoms (20ml), good holding ground, at a distance of about half a mile south-westward of the mosque. . » #353 The Persian Gulf Pilot 1870 - 1932 8th edition, Archive Editions, Slough, 1989 ~ p. 153 ※ SOURCE for Akhtar « Une petite crique arrondie flanquée d'un promontoire sur lequel est bâti un village, le tout parsemé, et entouré de palmiers, formant une couronne de ver- dure. C'est Akhter, le site le plus joli que j'aie vu sur cette côte (45, P. 214).Je quitte mes compagnons qui se rendent directement au poste, et je contourne le village pour aller aux deux birkéhs qui se trouvent, je le sais, à l'extrémité sud-est de l'agglomération. De l'un, la coupole a entièrement disparu et le ciment du fond a été abîmé, de sorte qu'il ne contient plus d'eau. L'autre citerne est très grande, à dôme en partie effondré; la profondeur de l'eau, recouverte de Lemna, y est de trois mètres et demi. Dans aucun de ces réservoirs il n'y a de marches. Quelques jeunes femmes sont là, puisant l'eau dans de petits seaux. La plupart sont jolies et fraîches et ne s'effarouchent pas. Elles savent ce qu'est le ver de Médine, mais la maladie n'existe pas parmi les habitants de ce village. [A small rounded cove flanked by a promontory on which is built a village, the whole dotted, and surrounded by palm trees, forming a crown of greenery. It is Akhter, the prettiest site I have seen on this coast (45, P. 214) I leave my companions who go directly to the post, and I go around the village to go to the two birkehs which are, I know, at the south-eastern end of the town. Of one, the dome has completely disappeared and the cement of the bottom has been damaged, so that it no longer contains water. The other cistern is very large, with a partly collapsed dome; the depth of the water, covered with Lemna, is three and a half meters. In none of these reservoirs are there steps. A few young women are there, drawing water in small buckets. Most of them are pretty and fresh and do not get scared. They know what the Medina worm is, but the disease does not exist among the inhabitants of this village.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 77-8 ※ SOURCE for Akhter « La route monte sur un mamelon d'où s'offre la vue la plus charmante. Une petite crique arrondie flanquée d'un promontoire sur lequel est bâti un village, le tout parsemé, et entouré de palmiers, formant une couronne de ver-dure. C'est Akhter, le site le plus joli que j'aie vu sur cette côte (45, p. 214). [The road climbs to a hillock from which the most charming view is offered. A small rounded cove flanked by a promontory on which is built a village, the whole dotted, and surrounded by palm trees, forming a crown of greenery. This is Akhter, the prettiest site I have seen on this coast (45, p. 214).] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 78 « La route, tout à fait passable, monte maintenant vers les mon-tagnes, formées ici d'agrégats de grès et de terre, et, après avoir traversé des ouadi et contourné des collines, nous débouchons dans la grande vallée de Doband, qui va de l'est à l'ouest, derrière et parallèlement à la dernière chaîne côtière. Il y a ici des champs cultivés des deux côtés; le blé est haut, le sol parait vraiment fertile, mais, de ce côté, il n'existe ni village, ni maison, entre Akhter et Taheri (46, p. 214). [The road, quite passable, now climbs towards the mountains, formed here of aggregates of sandstone and earth, and, after crossing wadis and skirting hills, we come out into the great valley of Doband, which runs from east to west, behind and parallel to the last coastal range. There are cultivated fields here on both sides; the wheat is high, the soil seems really fertile, but, on this side, there is neither village nor house, between Akhter and Taheri (46, p. 214).] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 80 ※ SOURCE for Ras Auctoor « Ras Auctoor » in {map#1125 The Coast from Bushire to Basadore, in the Persian Gulf, G.B. Brucks and S.B. Haines, 1828, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3630/27, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Uchtar « Uchtar » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Akhundzada : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 31.3555802 long 65.92950159 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Akhundzada , ※ SOURCE for Akhundzada « 23. AKHUNDZADA Original: Lat. 31º 19’ N, long. 65º 56’ E. Maps 89, 99. Revised: 31.3555802 N, 65.92950159 E / 31º 21’ 20.08870668 N, 65º 55’ 46.20572112 E. Kandahār Province. Near Takhta Pul, 35 km south-east of Kandahār, 1 km to the south-west of the road to Spin Baldak. Dates: Indo-Parthian, 1st–3rd cent.; Ghaznavid, 11th–12th cent. (ceramic). Description: Alarge ruined mud-brick caravanserai and deserted hamlet of late date. Immediately to the west, towards the desert, is a thick scatter of sherds and building debris stretching for several hundred metres, and three large, probably artificial, mounds. Fieldwork: 1951 Casal, DAFA—survey. Sources: 1. Site description by Warwick Ball. 2. Gardin and Lyonnet, chronological study, 1980, of unpublished pottery from DAFA surveys. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 21 Aks-e-Rostam : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3193567 coordinate: lat 28.255556 long 55.099722 NIMA/GNS names: Aks-e-Rostam , Rud-e `Aks-e Rostam , Rud-i `Akas-i-Rustam , Rud-i Aks-i-Rustam , Rudkhaneh-ye `Aks-e Rostam , رود عكس رستم , رودخانۀ عكس رستم , VARIANT names: Aks-e-Rostam , Al Ain : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -782123 coordinate: lat 24.199087 long 55.772022 NIMA/GNS names: `Ain , `Ain Dhawahir , `Ayn Zawahir , Al `Ayn , Al Ain , Al Ian , El Ain , VARIANT names: Al Ain , Al Amarah : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3102097 coordinate: lat 31.8452778 long 47.1752778 NIMA/GNS names: Al `Amarah , Amara , Amarah , Amare , VARIANT names: Al Amarah , ※ SOURCE for Al Amarah Amara, Qalat Salih, Turaba, Azair and Qurnah all match up with modern populated places in {map#1079 The Marshes, Thesiger, , #120 Thesiger, Wilfred P., The Marsh Arabs, Pengiun Books Ltd., London, 1967 ~} Al Aqabah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786207 coordinate: lat 25.930444 long 56.417365 NIMA/GNS names: `Aqabah , Al `Aqabah , Al `Aqbah , العقبة , VARIANT names: Al Aqabah , ※ SOURCE for Al Aqabah « To The Council of State at Khasab. Your noble letter to us has arrived, and no news has here occurred to deserve bringing to your notice, and what you have informed us has been understood, particularly about our neutrality. We are, insha’allah, obeying the order. The tribesmen have all been informed, also the people of Limah, Aqabah, and whoever depends upon them not to succour. … {Signed) Salih bin Muhammad, Al Shihi Shaikh of Daba. » #22 Thomas, Bertram, Alarms and Excursions in Arabia, George Allen and Unwin:Bobbs-Merrill, 1931 ~ p. 252 Al Arabiyah : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3091357 coordinate: lat 27.7794444 long 50.1741667 NIMA/GNS names: Al `Arabiyah , Al-`Arabiyya , Arabi , Djazirat al- `Arabiyya , Jazirat `Arabi , Jazirat al `Arabiyah , Jazireh-ye `Arabi , Jezirat Arabi , VARIANT names: Al Arabiyah , Araby , Cock , Kenn , Keyn , ※ SOURCE for Araby « ISLANDS in MIDDLE of GULF. Keyn, or Araby, is 6 leagues to E. by N. of the Bid- dulph Islands; in lat. 27° 47' N., lon. 50° 11' E.; and Zazarin, or Farsy, in lat. 27° 59' N, lon. 50° 10' E., stands about equi-distant from both Arabian and Persian coasts. They are both low and sandy, not to be seen above 3 leagues from the deck. Keyn, the 8. one, 3 ft. above water, is a round sand-bank, with a few shrubs on it; the E. point has rocks above water, and sunken rocks extend all round to the distance of 4 m., with over-falls from 20 to 14 fathoms, then to 5 and 3 fathoms, on which account this island should not be approached nearer than 30 fathoms. Faray, bearing nearly N. from Keyn, distant about 4 leagues, is rather larger than the other, and about 10 ft. above sea, having on the N. end a pile of stones, resembling a boat under sail, when first seen. This island should not be approached nearer than 32 fathoms, there being 25 fathoms about 1 m. from it on the N. side, and 22 fathoms very near it to the S. These isles are frequented by turtle and large birds. Ships seldom stand so far from the Persian shore as to see them, being dangerous to approach in the night. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1874 ~ p. 254 ※ SOURCE for Cock see source « Kenn » above ※ SOURCE for Kenn « Kenn / Cock / Arabia » in {map#1142 No II Chart of the Gulph of Persia, , , #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1} ※ SOURCE for Keyn see source « Araby » Al Ashkharah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -785892 coordinate: lat 21.84728 long 59.571581 NIMA/GNS names: Al Ashkhara , Al Ashkharah , Al Ashkhirah , Lashkharah , VARIANT names: Al Ash Hara , Al Ashkharah , Al-Askhara , El Ganka , ※ SOURCE for Al Ash Hara « We anchored near Al Ash Hara, famous in the Beni boo Alii war of 1820, in consequence of the crew of an English ship having been murdered there. » #2631 Owen, W. F. W, Narrative of voyages to explore the shores of Africa, Arabia, and Madagascar; performed in H.M. ships Leven and Barracouta, under the direction of Captain W.F.W. Owen, Richard Bentley, New Burlington Street, London, 1833 ~ vol1 p210 ※ SOURCE for Al Ashkharah « On her way to Al Ashkharah Mercury called at Muscat, where she took on the Shaikh of Ras al-Hadd who had volunteered to act as pilot. On 20 September Mercury arrived off Al Ashkharah. A high sea was running, making it impossible for the cruiser’s boat to get through the surf, so the shaikh volunteered to swim ashore with Thompson’s letter. » #12 Kelly, John Barrett, Britain and the Persian Gulf 1795-1880, Oxford University Press, London, 1968 ~ p.172 « Al-Ashkharah, a fishing town south-west of Ras al-Hadd (49mi/80km) was our next stop. The town lies among the sand hills a few miles from the beach. I saw one boatyard where a shufwas under construction. From my informants461 could gather that years ago the inhabitants used to spend some part of their year (about six months) in Al-Ashkharah, engaged in catching Aa/z'af (kingfish) with their sanbuqs, then selling the dried salted fish to ocean-going dhows on their way to East Africa or India (Mumbai) from the months of July to December. » #2620 Dionisius A. Agius, Seafaring in the Arabian Gulf and Oman People of the Dhow, Taylor and Francis, 2012 ~ p86 ※ SOURCE for Al-Askhara « Al-Askhara is near the beach and the houses, 486 Arabia, Eastern and South-Eastern, and a few of which are of stone, are much scattered ; it has two towers, and the people possess thirty badans, which are sheltered under a low reef of rocks. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p. 485-6 ※ SOURCE for El Ganka « El Ganka » only appears in a few 18th and 19th century maps, its position varying but mainly in alignment with « Al Ashkharah ». There is no useful text to be found. « El Ganka » is shown in (map [853] Partie, l'Arabie. Asie 92., Vandermaelen, Philippe, 1827, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 2212.124) which when overlaid in GE is some 22km from Al Ashkharah on a heading of 293° , Al Ashkharah proposed [PBR] « El Ganka » and « Coutreki » in {map#853 Partie, l'Arabie. Asie 92., Vandermaelen, Philippe, 1827, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 2212.124} and also in {map#374 Carte de la Turquie, de l'Arabie et de la Perse, G. de l'Isle et Ph. Buache, 1780, } In {map#901 Cart de la Turquie de l'Arabie et de la Perse, G. de l'Isle et Ph. Buache, 1780, } « Ganka » in {map#854 Chart Intended as an Accompaniment to the Book of Directions for Navigating to, from, and in the East Indies. Engraved by John Bateman, Admiralty, 1830, British Library IOR/X/3630/14} and in {map#902 Arabia, G. Archibald, Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh, 1852, #2676 Andrew Crichton, History of Arabia and its people, T. Nelson and Sons, London, 1852 ~} but in 1877 « Ganka » appears to have been repaced by « Lashkhareh » {map#855 Africa, Sheet VI from the Juba Islands to Maskat with the Entrance to the Red Sea [1r] (1/2), Captain William Fitzwilliam Owen, Admiralty, 1877, British Library IOR/X/3828/598} Al Ashshar : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PPLX UFI: -3102129 coordinate: lat 30.5183333 long 47.8402778 NIMA/GNS names: Al `Ashar , Al `Ashshar , Ashar , Askar , VARIANT names: Al Ashshar , Al-Ubullah , Apologos , Obollah , Uballah , Ubulla , ※ SOURCE for Al-Ubullah #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 13 « Charax is transcribed as Karak Aspasin (KRK "SPSN") and identified as Karka de Meshan (KRK' DYMYµN) in Palmyrene inscriptions of the 1st and 2nd centuries. It was called Karkha dhe Mayshan in Syriac and Karkh Maysan in Arabic. Its site, formerly sought in the vicinity of Muhammara, has been convincingly identified by Hansman with modern Djabal Khayabir near the left bank of the Shatt al-'Arab. By Pliny's time, Charax was 193 km. from the coast although the tide went upstream far beyond it. The left bank of the lower Tigris was inhabited by Chaldaeans, the right bank by Arabian brigands called Attali beyond whom were nomadic Scenitae. T'iao-Tche is described in Han sources as a hot, low, densly populated, rice-growing region with lions, rhinoceroses, zebu, peacocks, ostriches, and clever jugglers. Strabo adds the production of barley, sesame oil, and dates. By the 1st century B.C., Charax was a major commercial centre where Indian ships met caravans from Petra and Palmyra. In the 1st century A.D., caravans from Petra arrived at the town of Forat 11 or 12 miles downstream from Charax. Its site was either near the modern town of al- Tanuma on the left bank of the Shatt al- 'Arab, or, according to Hansman, at Maghlub, 17.4 km. (10.8 miles) southeast of Djabal Khayabir. Apologos (al-Ubulla) also appears as an emporium on the right bank of the Shatt al-'Arab opposite Forat at 'Ashsharr, the modern port of al-Basra, in the 1st century. Copper, sandalwood, teak, ebony, spices and gems were imported from Barygaza in Gudjarat through Apologos, while Characene merchants exported|pearls, clothing, wine, purple, dates, gold and slaves. In the winter of 115-16, Trajan occupied Characene briefly, collecting tribute from Attembelos V, after which it returned to Arsacid rule. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 6 p. 919 ※ SOURCE for Apologos #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 138 « Islamic al-Ubulla was the classical Apologos, the port of the maritime merchant kingdom of Mesene or Characene [see MAYSAN], thus suggesting a continuity in the role played by the Shatt in long distance maritime and caravan trade. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 7 p. 67 also on maps #823 Warmington, E H, The Commerce between the Roman Empire and India, Cambridge, 1928 and #824 Miller, J Innes, The Spice Trade of the Roman Empire, 29 BC to AD 641, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1969 35. Apologus.-This was the city known as Obollah, which was an important port during Saracen times, and from which caravan-routes led in all directions. As "Ubulu, in the land of Bit-Yakin" it figures in many of the Babylonian and Assyrian inscriptions. It was among the conquered places named in the Nimrud Inscription of Tiglath-Pileser III (745-727 B. C.) whose arms were carried from Bit-Yakin "as far as the river Uknu (Cynos, Wadi ed Dawasir?) on the coast of the Lower Sea," " and who received from Merodach- Baladan, of Yakin, king of the sea, a tribute of "gold-the dust of his land-precious stones, timber, striped clothing, spices of all kinds, cattle and sheep." The location of Obollah seems always to have given it importance as a commercial center. Under the Seleucidæ, and in the time of Strabo, Teredon was the leading port; while in the time of the Periplus Obollah had regained its former position. #487 W. H. Schoff, The Periplus of the Erythræan Sea ... Translated from the Greek and annotated by W. H. Schoff, Longmans Green and Co:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, London:New Delhi, 1912:1995 ~ p. 149 « At the very head of this gulf there is a regular mart of commerce, called the city of Apologos, (1) situate near Pasinou-Kharax (2) and the river Euphrates. fn. 1 This place does not appear to be referred to in any of the other classical works, but it is frequently mentioned by Arabian writers under the name of Ubulla. As an emporium it took the place of Teredon or Diridotis (see pp. 33 and 41), just as Basra, under the second Caliphate, took the place of Ubulla itself' (McCrindle). » #187 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., The Persian Gulf, an Historical Sketch from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century, George Allen and Unwin, London, 1928 ~ p. 53 ※ SOURCE for Obollah see source « Apologos » ※ SOURCE for Ubulla « The Sasanian/early Islamic town of Ubulla, near Basra, was reported to be a market for pearls from Bahrain (Naji 1993: 425). (3) fn. 3 Naji does not give a reference for this statement, and the exact date of this remains uncertain. Ubulla was a Sasanian foundation, identified with the port of Vanishtabadh Ardashir, and flourished until around the 13th c. CE (Bearman et al. 2000 Vol. X: 766; Williamson 1972: 98). » #2817 Robert Carter, The History and Prehistory of Pearling in the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 2005 vol. 48:no. 2:pp. 139-209 ~ p. 144 Al Azair : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3102772 coordinate: lat 31.3352778 long 47.4213889 NIMA/GNS names: `Ozeir , `Uzayr , Al `Azir , Al `Uzayr , Al Azair , Al Uzair , El Ozair , Ozier , Qasabat al `Uzayr , VARIANT names: Al Azair , ※ SOURCE for Al Azair Amara, Qalat Salih, Turaba, Azair and Qurnah all match up with modern populated places in {map#1079 The Marshes, Thesiger, , #120 Thesiger, Wilfred P., The Marsh Arabs, Pengiun Books Ltd., London, 1967 ~} Al Basrah : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3102179 coordinate: lat 30.4941667 long 47.8191667 NIMA/GNS names: Al Basrah , Basra , Basra , Basrah , Bassora , Bassorah , Bassorah , Bassra , Busra , Busrah , Bussora , VARIANT names: Al Basrah , Al-Basra , Baçora , Balsara , Basra , Basrah , Bassora , Bassorah , Basurate , Pi-ssi-lo , ※ SOURCE for Al Basrah « La conquista di Hormoz da parte degli Arabi risale alla seconda metà del VI1 secolo; già sotto il califfato di ‘Umar (634-644 A.D.), il Governatore di al-Basrah, Abu Musa ‘Abdallah ibn Qais al-Ashari, ed il Governatore di Oman e Bahrein, Uthman ibn Abi’As ath-Thaqafi, avevano attraversato il Golfo Persico servendosi di naviglio locale, ed avevano occupata alcuni caposaldi costieri nel Fars, penetrando nello Zagros. » #294 Piacentini, Valeria Fiorani, L'emporio ed il regno di Hormoz (VIII-fine XV sec. d. Cr.) : vicende storiche problemi ed aspetti di una civiltáa costiera del golfo persico, Istituto Lombardo di Scienze e Lettere, Milano, 1975 ~ p. 37 ※ SOURCE for Al-Basra « Al-Basra’s hinterland was vast: merchants arrived from Aleppo, Damascus, Mausil, Bagdad and minor market centres (266). Therefore, Al-Basra could be affected by the Ottoman- Safavid struggle for eIraq-e ‘Arab despite its long independence from either of the two foes. Disruptions of trade occurred when warfare rendered traffic along connecting overland routes impossible (267). Along the sealanes, no serious obstructions of traffic bound for Al-Basra on the part of the Safavids were recorded after the 1620’s, although the covetous eye of individual Safavid port officials would occasionally fall on a richly laden vessel on its way to Al-Basra (268). More detrimental were the protracted wars prior to the eviction of Huseyn Pāšā: in 1665, he confiscated provisions and boat-loads of goods which travelled upstream from Al-Basra in order to feed his ill-prepared forces defending the province near Al-Qurna (269). fn. 266 ARA VOC 1210, fl.937rff.: J. Barra, Al-Basra, to Amsterdam, dated 20/10/1656. fn. 267 For the situation in the 1620’s see C. ROMER (1989), Die osmanische Belagerung Bagdads 1034-35/1625-26. Ein Augenzeugenbericht, Der Islam LXVI/1, 119-136. fn. 268 Somewhat surprisingly, the governor of Bandar-e Kong prevented an English ship from leaving for Al-Basra in spring 1640, after the peace of Zuhab, see EFI1 VI, 245f: W. Thurston et al., Al-Basra, to London, dated 22/6/1640. IOR G/36/102B, on the other hand, is mistaken in blaming Safavid-Ottoman hostilities for slackening trade, as suggested in D. Rizk KHOURY (1991), 63: except for an aborted expedition into Azarbalgan the two empires were at peace. On the other hand, the Afrasiyab-Ottoman struggle for the fortress Zakiya, the Cretan wars, and the Dutch blockade of Safavid ports in 1645 reduced the volume of trade in that season, Nevertheless, sufficient coins were exported to sustain the trading season in Sind, EFI1 VIII, 60f.: J. Spiller, Sindi road, to Surat, dated 8/12/1646. fn. 269 This episode is recorded both in Ottoman and Basran chronicles, see S. LONGRIGG (1925), 114, and archival sources. However, some of the latter specify that the merchants thus dispossessed on their way to Bagdad were Armenians, not Basran traders, see ARA VOC 1528ff.: J. Vogel, Al-Basra, to Amsterdam, dated 8/3/1666. » #2879 Rudiger KLEIN, Trade in the Safavid Port City Bandar Abbas and the Persian Gulf Area (ca. 1600-1680) A Study of Selected Aspects - Thesis, School of Oriental and African Studies, London, 1993/4 ~ p. 118 ※ SOURCE for Baçora « As galés turcas meteram-se pelo canal que há entre aquela ilha e o con tinente e daí soltaram rumo para Baçorá. Enquanto o galeão de Gonçalo Pereira Marramaque seguia para Ormuz a reboque de algumas fustas, » #2821 Monteiro, Armando da Silva Saturnino, Batalhas e combates da Marinha Portuguesa, 1992 ~ vol. 3 p. 161 « A 30 de Janeiro fui avizado de Ormuz como os Turcos, que estão de goarnição em Babilonia, desceram pelo Eufrates abaixo e tomarão huma terra que se chama Zaquia, onde fizerão huma fortaleza a borda do rio Eufrates, na terra da banda da Persia, obra de um dia e meyo de caminho da cidade de Baçora pelo rio acima. [On the 30th of January I was told from Hormuz how the Turks, who are in charge of Babylon, have gone down the Euphrates and will take a land called Zaquia, where they will build a fortress on the bank of the Euphrates River, in the land on the side of Persia, work a day and a half way upriver from the city of Baçora.] » #2545 Edic¸a~o cri´tica por Armando Cortesa~o e Lui´s de Albuquerque, Obras completas de D. Joa~o de Castro, Academia Internacional da Cultura Portuguesa, Coimbra, 1968-1981 ~ vol. 3 p. 286 ※ SOURCE for Balsara « The thirteenth day of May, 1581. I embarked my selfe at Balsara: and the sixteenth wee valed downe about three flight shot. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 455 ※ SOURCE for Basra « ... free from interference by Omani ships, but a group which « With much of their military energy absorbed on the European front, the Ottomans were ambivalent about protracted campaigning against Persia as well (Murphey, pp. 230-34, 247; Bacqué-Grammont, 1993a, p. 222). Yet it was the Ottomans who launched three campaigns against Persia (as opposed to ten in the Balkans) duringṬahmāsb’s reign. The first of these was the War of the Two Iraqs of 1533-34, which returned Baghdad to Ottoman control and gave them a tenuous hold over Basra. The invasion of Iraq came after the Safavid governor of Baghdad, Ḏu’l-Faqār Beyg, had embraced Sunnism and offered the keys to the city to the sultan. In 1546 a complicated tribal struggle that involved the Mošaʿšaʿ and the ruler of Zakiya, near Basra, caused the Ottoman to send an expedition to southern Iraq that resulted in renewed, firmer Ottoman control over the city (Posch, 2000, pp. 80-86; Bacqué-Grammont, 2004, pp. 13 f.) With much of their military energy absorbed on the European front, the Ottomans were ambivalent about protracted campaigning against Persia as well (Murphey, pp. 230-34, 247; Bacqué-Grammont, 1993a, p. 222). Yet it was the Ottomans who launched three campaigns against Persia (as opposed to ten in the Balkans) duringṬahmāsb’s reign. The first of these was the War of the Two Iraqs of 1533-34, which returned Baghdad to Ottoman control and gave them a tenuous hold over Basra. The invasion of Iraq came after the Safavid governor of Baghdad, Ḏu’l-Faqār Beyg, had embraced Sunnism and offered the keys to the city to the sultan. In 1546 a complicated tribal struggle that involved the Mošaʿšaʿ and the ruler of Zakiya, near Basra, caused the Ottoman to send an expedition to southern Iraq that resulted in renewed, firmer Ottoman control over the city (Posch, 2000, pp. 80-86; Bacqué-Grammont, 2004, pp. 13 f.) » at online reference link [Vol. XIII, Fasc. 5, pp. 556-560 and Vol. XIII, Fasc. 6, p. 561] ※ SOURCE for Basrah suffered much were the Armenian merchants trading the Gulf. They were based at Julfar near Isfahan and for several years at the turn of the century were harrassed continuously. The Iman found it convenient to declare war against them - a device appearing to legalise the piracy it actually represented - and was particularly favoured by the location of Muscat in prosecuting this war. For example, in September 1700, hearing that an Armenian ship had left Bandar Abbas for Basrah, two ships were sent from Muscat to try to intercept it. This they failed to do but on reaching Basrah boarded it, took possession, and left with it whilst it was still laden with its cargo of corn and barley ... » #2816 Bathurst, Raymond Denis, The Ya’rubi dynasty of Oman, (unpublished thesis), University of Oxford, 1967 ~ p. 201 ※ SOURCE for Bassora « L'importance des liaisons commerciales entre Bassora et Ormuz et le fait qu'Ormuz fût l'escale obligée des marchandises venant de l'Inde, explique que Bassora (en dépit de la suzeraineté exercée par âah Isma'il depuis 1508)69 ait cherché à nouer rapidement des contacts avec les Portugais. fn. 69. Cf. Encyclopédie de l'islam. 1. Leyden, E. J. Brill, 1960, s. e. Basra, p. 1119. Sah Ismail succéda à cette date au dernier souverain aqqoyunhu réfugié à Bagdad, dont l'autorité sur le Bas-Irak était déjà toute nominale. [ The importance of commercial links between Bassora and Ormuz and the fact that Ormuz was the obligatory stopover for goods coming from India, explains why Bassora (despite the suzerainty exercised by âah Isma'il since 1508)69 sought to quickly establish contact with the Portuguese. fn. 69. See Encyclopedia of Islam. 1. Leyden, E.J. Brill, 1960, s. e. Basra, p. 1119. Sah Ismail succeeded on this date to the last Aqqoyunhu sovereign who took refuge in Baghdad, whose authority over Lower Iraq was already quite nominal. ] » #2953 Dejanirah Silva-Couto, L'expédition portugaise à Bassora en 1551 in Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 2002. 146? année,: N. 2:pp. 461-486 ~ p. #2953 Dejanirah Silva-Couto, L'expédition portugaise à Bassora en 1551 in Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, 2002. 146? année,: N. 2:pp. 461-486 ~ p. 476 « Bassora » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Bassorah « In the time of Hossein Pasha, the son of Ali Pasha, both of them mentioned in the Travels of Pietro della Valle and Tavernier, the city of Bussorah was distant nearly two miles from the banks of the river, and Minawi was then a distinct village, serving as the port or landing-place. It was this Hossein who extended the walls of the former town down to the river, and enclosed the village of Minawi within it, by which means all the intermediate fields and gardens which had never before, nor have even since been built upon, became incorporated with the rest. The newly enclosed village was then fortified by a strong wall continued all around it, and formed nearly an eighth of the whole space enclosed within the walls of Bussorah, even when thus extended. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971 ~ pp. 365-6 ※ SOURCE for Basurate « Basurate » in {map#1069 Carte française du Golfe Persique, anonyme, 1600-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 8 RES} see AHduGP map 66 ※ SOURCE for Pi-ssi-lo (#326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 117, 122 note 13) Al Duss : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 384926 coordinate: lat 25.905873 long 56.390165 NIMA/GNS names: Ad Duss , Al Duss , Dass , Dus , دص , VARIANT names: Al Duss , Lima Cadeinah , Lima Gadina , Lima Kaddimah , Lima Khodima , Lima Qadimah , ※ SOURCE for Lima Cadeinah « To the S.W. of Ras Lima lies the bay of Lima Cadeinah, extending 2 miles inland, with depths from 16 to 10 fathoms, open to easterly winds; and mid-way between Ras Huffar and Ras Lima, lies Dooat Sheriat, another bay, with from 14 to 4 fathoms water, and several other smaller inlets between Dooat Sheriat and Ras Huffar, all open to south-east winds. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ p. 380 ※ SOURCE for Lima Gadina only old map with both locations « Lyma, Lima Gadina » in {map#967 Chart of the Persian Gulf, Thomas Bowrey, 1685, Add.5222.15, British Library} see AHduGP map 86 « Lima caduuia » in {map#975 Côtes de la Mer d'Oman. 1 : 5 000 000, Anonymous, 1660, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE D-17166} see AHduGP map 63 « Lima Cadina » in {map#876 Kaart van een gedeelte van den Persische Golf, , 17th, Nationaal Archief, 4.VELH nr 219} see AHduGP map 47 ※ SOURCE for Lima Kaddimah « Lima Kaddimah » in {map#983 Entrance to the Persian Gulf, Guy, Brucks, Haines and Grieve, 1872, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/753, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Lima Khodima « Ras Summootee is the north point forming the Bay of Lima Khodima. It is in lat. 25° 54' 37" N., long. 56° 30' 36" E.; soundings near it twenty-seven to twenty-three fathoms. Within this, at the bottom of the bay, is Lima Khodima, at which place there is a little flat land, and a few date trees. The contrast from all the high and black rock before you come to it, and after leaving it, makes it appear a little Paradise in this rocky wilderness. In the bay are soundings twenty to eight fathoms, and rather better ground than in the other places. The bay is two and a, quarter miles deep, and about a mite to a mile and a half wide. Above this is a high, remarkable, peaked hill, usually called Lima Peak. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 521 ※ SOURCE for Lima Qadimah « At Lima, the Amir stated, On the historical side, I can tell you that about a hundred and ten years ago, the Shihuh fought Ras al-Khaimah, where the Saqr Hospital is now. This fighting was led by Lima, but all the Shihuh joined. Everyone went to Dibba Bai’ah, and went down that way, they didn’t come down the mountains directly into Ras al-Khaimah. The fighting had something to do with land, and I don’t really know what the outcome was. In 1902, ‘Ali bin Brayyim and Zaid Sinan Kumzari were the Shihhi leaders who helped the Sharqi drive the Qawasim out of Bithnah, and many Shihuh joined them in this. Much earlier than this, more than two hundred years ago, maybe four hundred years ago, Shihuh fought with Oman; contingents of Shihuh were active all the way down the Batinah coast as far as Masqat. At one time, Lima was bombarded by the Hollandiya, we had a fort at the bottom of Lima Qadimah, nearly on the beach. A lot of people had taken refuge in it, and there were defenders on the towers. The Dutch bombardment destroyed it, and everyone inside was killed when the building collapsed on top of them. At some time, we took three cannons; one of them is here at our old house, one is at our house in Salhad, and one is somewhere in Dibba Bai’ah. We don’t know when this was, or from whom we took the cannon, or where this happened. The list of the shuyukh of Lima is Bani Gulf coastal towns and places on the Shamailyya and Batinah coasts » #2813 William Lancaster, Fidelity Lancaster, Honour is in Contentment Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighbouring Regions, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 2011 ~ pp. 490-1 « Mansur, Bani Shawkat, Bani Braiyyil/m, Bani ‘Ali; there is a document that dates the first Bani Mansur shaikh to c. 1795, but it is lost. One of his sons continued, Lima is very old. At the back of Lima is a built zigzag track into the mountains, called Tariq al-Khail, the horse track. We don’t know why horses would be going up and down, so its use must have stopped more than two hundred years ago. al-Alama is west of Lima bay and used to belong to the Haslamani, but it was bought forty years ago by Bani Hassun because they needed land. Haslamani were decreasing in numbers and they didn’t need it. There are two very old graveyards here, and in each of them the ruined masjid was built on an old mound, sanam. People stopped living at Lima Qadima a long time ago, except for a few who left forty years ago. » #2813 William Lancaster, Fidelity Lancaster, Honour is in Contentment Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighbouring Regions, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 2011 ~ p. 491 Al Farisiyah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3062771 coordinate: lat 27.966667 long 50.183333 NIMA/GNS names: Al Farisiyah , Al-Farisiyya , Jazirat al-Farsi , Jazirat Farsi , Jazireh-e-Farsi , Jazireh-ye Farsi , Jezirat Farsi , جزيرۀ فارسی , VARIANT names: Al Farisiyah , Farsy , Zazarin , Zezarine , ※ SOURCE for Farsy « Islands in Middle of Gulf. Keyn, or Araby, is 6 leagues to E. by N. of the Biddulph Islands; in lat. 27° 47' N., lon. 50° 11' E.; and Zazarin, or Farsy, in lat. 27° 59' N, lon. 50° 10' E., stands about equi-distant from both Arabian and Persian coasts. They are both low and sandy, not to be seen above 3 leagues from the deck. Keyn, the 8. one, 3 ft. above water, is a round sand-bank, with a few shrubs on it; the E. point has rocks above water, and sunken rocks extend all round to the distance of 4 m., with over-falls from 20 to 14 fathoms, then to 5 and 3 fathoms, on which account this island should not be approached nearer than 30 fathoms. Faray, bearing nearly N. from Keyn, distant about 4 leagues, is rather larger than the other, and about 10 ft. above sea, having on the N. end a pile of stones, resembling a boat under sail, when first seen. This island should not be approached nearer than 32 fathoms, there being 25 fathoms about 1 m. from it on the N. side, and 22 fathoms very near it to the S. These isles are frequented by turtle and large birds. Ships seldom stand so far from the Persian shore as to see them, being dangerous to approach in the night. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1874 ~ p. 254 ※ SOURCE for Zazarin see source « Farsy » ※ SOURCE for Zezarine « Zezarine / Perfia / Kierazin » in {map#1142 No II Chart of the Gulph of Persia, , , #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1} Al Fatk : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3182738 coordinate: lat 16.515544 long 52.692262 NIMA/GNS names: Al Fatk , الفتك , VARIANT names: Al Fatk , El Fatk , ※ SOURCE for Al Fatk « The Fartak Range, 609 to 914m high, extends W from Ras Fartak (15°38'N., 52°16'E.). Vertical cliffs rising to heights of about 580m extend 8 miles N from Ras Fartak and form the greatest escarpment on the SE coast of Arabia. The cliffs are barren except near the summits, where the vegetation is mainly on the W side. Jabal al Fatk, 609m high, extends W from a position about 55 miles NNE of Ras Fartak and joins the Fartak Range. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p.180 ※ SOURCE for El Fatk « fn.1 There are four routes from Dhofar to the Hadhramaut: (1) my route by Thamut; (2) Habarut, Shalhamit, Sarif (wadi Kadiut), Kadiut village, Minar (wadi Mohorat), Ej Jelt, Maksi (wadi Washa), Ed Dahil; (3) coast route: Rakhyiut, Jadib, Damqut, El Fatk, Yarub, El Ghaidha (Ghaila), Mahaifif, Harut, Dhobut; (4) coast route to El Ghaidha, then a ten days' direct route to the Hadhramaut by Dahal, Shaltan, Yahul through Mahra country. » #158 Thesiger, Wilfred P., A new journey in Southern Arabia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1947 (Apr.) 108:4-6:129-45 ~ p.139 Al Ghaydah : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3182788 coordinate: lat 16.207869 long 52.17605 NIMA/GNS names: Al Ghaydah , Al Ghayzah , Ash Shahid Nasir , Ghaidha , الشهيد ناصر , الغيضة , الغيظة , VARIANT names: Al Ghaydah , Ausara , Cubu , El Ja’izer , Ghaila , O Goubo , oguobo / ogobo , ※ SOURCE for Al Ghaydah « Al Ghaydah (16°12'N., 52°16'E.), the largest town on the shores of Ghubbat al Qamar, stands 14 miles NNE of the village of Hayrut and 2 miles inland. 9.22 From February to April, small craft with local knowledge anchor about 1 mile off this town, over a sandy bottom. 9.22 Qabr Qaylul (Abd Allah Gharib), a tomb with some date trees in its vicinity, stands close to the coast about 8 miles NNE of Al Ghaydah. The village of Airub (Jarub) stands 3 miles farther NNE. 9.22 An isolated shoal patch, with a depth of 32m, was reported (1999) to lie about 9.5 miles ENE of Qabr Qaylul. 9.22 Al Jawhari (16°29'N., 52°27'E.), a white tomb with a few huts nearby, stands 9 miles inland. The coast between Al Jawhari and Ras Sajr, 65 miles ENE, is backed by mountains. A wadi separates Jabal al Fatk from the Athub Range, which terminates in a dark bluff point. Overfalls are reported to occur in the vicinity of the 200m curve about 7 miles SE of the wadi’s mouth. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 190 ※ SOURCE for Ausara « D2 | Ausara | R | al-Ghayda? YEM | von Wissmann 1977, 13 » in #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ Map 4 Arabia-Azania directory p. 45 « Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 16.33209, 52.098032 » D.T. Potts, DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Ausara: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2020 online reference link [accessed 05 Feb 2023] ※ SOURCE for Cubu « Cubu » in {map#897 Carte de l'Océan Indien, John Burston, 1665, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 213 DIV 3 P 4 RES} ※ SOURCE for El Ja’izer « Immediately after passing the high land of Fartik, there is said to be a creek, having sufficient depth of water over the bar at high tide, to enable their bugalds to enter for safety during the southwest monsoons, with deeper water inside. The first town visible, close along shore, is El Ja’izer, a considerable place under the government of Sayyad ’Akib ibn Ahmed. It has cultivated ground in its vicinity, and is a place of some importance, situated about 7 miles from the sea. » #16 Haines, Stafford B., Memoir of the south-east coasts of Arabia. Part II, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1845 15:104-60 ~ p. 115 ※ SOURCE for Ghaila « fn.1 There are four routes from Dhofar to the Hadhramaut: (1) my route by Thamut; (2) Habarut, Shalhamit, Sarif (wadi Kadiut), Kadiut village, Minar (wadi Mohorat), Ej Jelt, Maksi (wadi Washa), Ed Dahil; (3) coast route: Rakhyiut, Jadib, Damqut, El Fatk, Yarub, El Ghaidha (Ghaila), Mahaifif, Harut, Dhobut; (4) coast route to El Ghaidha, then a ten days' direct route to the Hadhramaut by Dahal, Shaltan, Yahul through Mahra country. » #158 Thesiger, Wilfred P., A new journey in Southern Arabia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1947 (Apr.) 108:4-6:129-45 ~ p.139 ※ SOURCE for O Goubo « O GOUBO, porto de - AI-Ghaidtha, em 16° 12' lat. N. e 52° 15' long. E., no litoraI do Hadramaute. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 4 in {map#918 f. 16r: A map of the eastern coast of Africa, the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf, …, Diogo Homem, 1555-1559, British Library,The Queen Mary Atlas, Add MS 5415 A} « mocola, xael, caixem, c. de fartaque, curafate, O guobo, costacham, dofar, marabate, curia muria, as duas pontas, c. de maraca, » See also note « André Homem79 79 PMC2, pp. 67-70. » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p.76 « curafate, O guobo, costacham, dofar » {map#937 Planisphere [Universa ac navigabilis to…], Andreas Homem, 1559, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE CC-2719 (RES)} see PMC vol.2 EST 188 and EST 189E ※ SOURCE for oguobo / ogobo « Bartolomeu Velho, atlante, carta della penisola arabica; San Marino (California), Huntington Library, HM 44, f. 7r; » « caixem, c. de fartaq/ue, curafate, oguobo / ogobo, Camagas?, dofar, p[on]ta de murobate, murobate?, p[on]ta de curiamuria, J. de curia muria, as duas pontas, praçel, c. de maraca, emseada das baxas, » See also note « 80 PMC2, pp. 89-92; Biedermann, p. 129; AHGP, n. 26. » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p.78 « c: d[.?] fartaque, curafate, ogobo, dofar » {map#885 f. 7r, India, Arabia, and portion of eastern Africa., Velho, Bartolomeu, 1550-1599, The Huntingdon Library mssHM 44} « La penisola arabica in una carta di un atlante anonimo annesso al Livro da marinharia di João de Lisboa; Lisboa, Arquivo Torre do Tombo, CF 166, f. » « c. De fartaque, qulufate, oguobo, camguer, dofar, p. de murubate, murubate, p. de curia maria, ilhas de curia maria, as duas pontas, c. ce matraca » See also note « 15v 81 PMC1, pp. 173-176; AHGP, n. 25. » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p. 78 « qu[t?]ufata, oguobo, camguer, dofa[t?] » {map#576 15ª carta: Mar Vermelho e Golfo Pérsico, Livro De Marinharia, de João de Lisboa, anonymous, 1560, Arquivo Nacional, Torre do Tombo, Lisbon, Colecção Cartográfica, n.º 166} see PMC vol. 1 EST 96 « Vaz Dourado è particolarmente evidente nell’atlante di San Marino,89 » « xaell, p. furada, xarma, cirique, caxem, c. fartaque, callufate, oguobo, caniger, doffar, murubate, p. de curiamuria, J. de curiamuria, as duas po[n]tas, c. de matraqua, emseada de s.a p.o, » See also note « 89 PMC3, pp. 13-16; Biedermann, p. 129; AHGP, n. 34 » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p.80 « xarma, cirique, caxem, c. fartaque, callufate, oguobo, caniger, doffar » {map#834 Eastern Africa, Arabia, and India, Fernão Vaz Dourado, 1550-1575, The Huntington Library HM41 fol11} see PMC vol. 3 EST 269 « pta furada, cuiane, caixem, c. de fartaq, curafate, oguobo, Camagas (?), dofar, pta de murobate, murobate (?), pta de curiamuria, I. de curia muria, as duas pontas, praçel, C. de matraca, emseada das baxas, I. de maceida, emseada de s.pº, os palheiros, C. Rasalgate » #1118 Cortesão, Armando F. and Teixeira Da Mota, Avelino, Portugaliae Monumenta Cartographica, Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda, Lisboa, 1960: 1987 ~ vol. 2 p. 100 Al Haffah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -785965 coordinate: lat 17.008288 long 54.107643 NIMA/GNS names: Al Hafah , Al Hafah , Al Haffah , Hafa , Hafah , الحافة , VARIANT names: Al Haffah , Haffer , Harfut , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Al Haffah FOR Hormanus River [von Wissmann], ※ SOURCE for Al Haffah « The next village near the sea-shore, S. E. of Sallalah, is Haffer, in 16" 57' 30" N. and 54" 11' 00" E., about 1½ mile distant, containing a population of about 100 men. Two miles and a half E.N.E. of Haffer, there is a fresh-water lake, formed by a copious spring, near which there are extensive ruins. This lake is deep and thickly covered with bullrushes, where we here found abundance of wild-fowl. About 1½ mile inland, and 2½ to the N.E. of Haffer, is the village and white mosque of Robit, with a population of 100 or 200 souls. » #16 Haines, Stafford B., Memoir of the south-east coasts of Arabia. Part II, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1845 15:104-60 ~ p. 118 ※ SOURCE for Haffer « The next village near the sea-shore, S. E. of Sallalah, is Haffer, in 16" 57' 30" N. and 54" 11' 00" E., about 1½ mile distant, containing a population of about 100 men. Two miles and a half E.N.E. of Haffer, there is a fresh-water lake, formed by a copious spring, near which there are extensive ruins. This lake is deep and thickly covered with bullrushes, where we here found abundance of wild-fowl. About 1½ mile inland, and 2½ to the N.E. of Haffer, is the village and white mosque of Robit, with a population of 100 or 200 souls. » #16 Haines, Stafford B., Memoir of the south-east coasts of Arabia. Part II, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1845 15:104-60 ~ p. 118 ※ SOURCE for Harfut « I assume that the karst spring of Harfut is meant (10), at the foot of the Qamar mountains. fn. 10 See also the German Sailing Handbook and Captain Haines (Memoirs of the South and East Coast of Arabia II, Journ. Roy. Geogr. Soc. London 15, 1845). » #2719 Hermann von Wissmann, Walter W. Mu¨ller, Das Weihrauchland Sa’kalan, Samarum und Moscha (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch - Historische Klasse. Sitzungsberichte), Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1977 ~ p. 13 Al Hajar : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: MTS UFI: -785967 coordinate: lat 23.703724 long 56.672041 NIMA/GNS names: Al Hajar , Al Hajar al Gharbi , Al Hajar al Gharbi , Hajar , Western Hajar , الحجر الغربي , VARIANT names: Al Hajar , Western Hajar , ※ SOURCE for Western Hajar NIMA data Al Harqus : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3095386 coordinate: lat 27.9391667 long 49.6827778 NIMA/GNS names: Al Harqus , Al Hurqus , Harqus , Jazirat al Harqus , Jazirat al Hurqus , Jazirat Harqus , Jezirat Harkus , VARIANT names: Al Harqus , Hargooz , ※ SOURCE for Hargooz « BIDDULPH ISLANDS are distant about 10 leagues to the E.N.E. of Ras-el-Ghar, and consist of three low sandy islands, surrounded by reefs. Two of them bear nearly N. and S. of each other, distant 4 m.; the S. one, called El-Kran, or El-Kuran, 2 ft. high, is in lat. 27° 39' N., lon. 49° 50' E., and the other called El-Kraing, or El-Kurayin, 5 ft. high, is in lat. 27° 43' N. The third, and most N., is called Hargooz, and bears N.N.W. 5 leagues from El-Kraing. There is from 9 to 14 fathoms water between El Kran and El-Kraing, and 28 to 30 fathoms a little to the E. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1874 ~ p. 254 Al Hasikiya : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -785985 coordinate: lat 17.478087 long 55.602575 NIMA/GNS names: Al Hasikiya , Al Hasikiyah , Al-Hasikiyya , Hasikiya , Hasikiya Island , Haski , Haskiyah , الحاسكية , VARIANT names: Al Hasikiya , azequy , ※ SOURCE for Al Hasikiya « Azequy [Portuguese name] al-Ḥäsikiya [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for azequy {map#931 Chart of the Indian Ocean, Jorge (?) Reinel, 1510, Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel, Cod. Guelf. 98 Aug. 2º} to south and small bay [azequy] shows opposite Kuria Muria islands [cste illya herhamada / [cu?]riamurya] in #2588 Jorge Reinel; Lopo Homem; Anto´nio de Holanda, Atlas miller, M. Moleiro, Barcelona, 2003 ~ pp 306-307 and {map#823 Nautical Atlas of the World, Folio 3 Recto, Northern Indian Ocean with Arabia and India, Reinel, Pedro, Reinel, Jorge and de Holanda, António, 1519, Collection Marcel Destombes, Rés. Ge. DD. 683 Bibliothèque Nationale, Paris} « Azequy [Portuguese name] al-Häsikiya [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p.99 « xer, fataca, diufar, marbato, ambez, azequy, ylhas de cariamuria » See also note « atlas miller 52 PMC1, pp. 55-61; AHGP, n. 10. » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p.67 {map#823 “Atlas Miller", [Feuille 3 r° : Océan Indien Nord avec l'Arabie et l'Inde], Lopo Homem, 1519, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Paris, Res. Ge. DD 683} see PMC vol. 1 EST 19 Al Hayli 41 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 865 029 converted to coordinate: lat 22.62278 long 58.81462 VARIANT names: Al Hayli 41 , ※ SOURCE for Al Hayli 41 « Triliths, cairn tombs, tombs (3 skin wall) » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 47 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Al Husain 68 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 622 950 converted to coordinate: lat 22.55394 long 58.57745 VARIANT names: Al Husain 68 , ※ SOURCE for Al Husain 68 « Graves, walled area » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 56 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Al Jadi : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786031 coordinate: lat 26.163577 long 56.170964 NIMA/GNS names: Al Jadi , Jaal , Jadi , Jadl , الجادي , VARIANT names: Al Jadi , ※ SOURCE for Al Jadi Survey, design, consultants of water supply schemes for Tayibat, Ghrumdah, Fudhra, Bukha, Al Jadi, Al Jirri, Qidah, Kumzar, Habalayn, Shabus, Shairsah, Limah, Bayah #171 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Musandam Water Supply Schemes, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1975 ~ Al Jirri : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786044 coordinate: lat 26.216757 long 56.184949 NIMA/GNS names: Al Jari , Al Jari , Al Jiri , Al Jirri , Jiri , Jirri , Jivi , الجري , VARIANT names: Al Jirri , ※ SOURCE for Al Jirri Survey, design, consultants of water supply schemes for Tayibat, Ghrumdah, Fudhra, Bukha, Al Jadi, Al Jirri, Qidah, Kumzar, Habalayn, Shabus, Shairsah, Limah, Bayah #171 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Musandam Water Supply Schemes, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1975 ~ Al Jubayl : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3091973 coordinate: lat 25.4 long 49.65 NIMA/GNS names: Al Jubayl , Al-Jubail , VARIANT names: Al Jubayl , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Al Jubayl FOR Gerrha [Potts], ※ SOURCE for Al Jubayl Potts lists the possibilities for the location of Gerrha including Qatif, Hofuf, al Uqayr and Salwa then says « that Thaj and al-Jubayl are the sites of the inland town of Gerrha and its coastal port » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ pp. 85-97 and p. 90 Al Junaynah : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -783251 coordinate: lat 24.207222 long 53.405278 NIMA/GNS names: Al Djunaina , Al Junaina , Al Junaynah , Janana , Jananah , Junanah , Juneina , VARIANT names: Al Junaina , Al Junaynah , El Djunaina , Jenahney , ※ SOURCE for Al Junaina « Al Junaina » in {map#1033 Asia. Persian Gulf [173r], Guy, Brucks, Constable, Stiffe, 1933, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3924, f 173, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for El Djunaina « El Djunaina » in {map#1029 Kaart van de Perzische Golf, ed. A. Hotz, 1907 (1645), #2863 Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ ( Kaart No. IV) after p. 545} ※ SOURCE for Jenahney « Jenahney » in {map#910 Map of Arabia, Published by J. Walker, Geographer to the Honble East India Company, 1849, British Library, IOR/X/3206} Al Kamil : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786050 coordinate: lat 22.21684 long 59.200928 NIMA/GNS names: Al Kamil , VARIANT names: Al Kamil , ※ SOURCE for Al Kamil « In October 2021, an amphora stored in the Ministry of Heritage and Tourism in al-Khuwair was recorded that reportedly came to light in 2013 (Figure 3). The intermediary, Saʿid Muḥammed al-Harsusi from Haymā', received the vessel from Thabit al- Musharithi of Jaʿalān, who evidently salvaged the vessel while tending his goats at Jabal Qahwān, southern Sharqiyya governorate, c. 17 km eastsouth- east of al-Kamil (findspot: 22°09’30.8”N, 59°20’45.7”E). » #2810 Paul A. Yule, An ʿAqaba/Ayla-type amphora in the sultanate of Oman, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2022 ~ p. 5 Al Kamil 38 : arch. site OMN UTM: GV 260 570 converted to coordinate: lat 22.20361 long 59.19224 VARIANT names: Al Kamil 38 , ※ SOURCE for Al Kamil 38 « Mudbrick structure, aqueduct » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 47 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Al Khadhra : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786057 coordinate: lat 23.857103 long 57.327591 NIMA/GNS names: Al Khadhra , Al Khadra' , Khadhr , Khadhra , Khadra' , Khadra' Al Sa`ad , Khadra' Al Sa`ad , خضراء آل سعد , VARIANT names: Al Khadhra , Kaderrah , ※ SOURCE for Al Khadhra « al Khadhra » in {map#1009 Chart 2837a. Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet, Constable, Stiffe, Guy, Brucks, 1860, 'Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet' [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837a, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Kaderrah « Kaderrah is a village of about one hundred inhabitants, in lat. 23° 53' N., long. 57° 29' 45" E. The usual supplies may be obtained here, and it is under the Chief of Suik.» #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 626 Al Khaluf : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787634 coordinate: lat 20.470315 long 58.062431 NIMA/GNS names: Al Khalaf , Al Khaluf , Khaluf , الخلوف , VARIANT names: Al Khaluf , ※ SOURCE for Al Khaluf « Low sand dunes are present along the east coast and patches of mangrove thrive near Filim in the Ghubbat Hashish bay on the western flank of the peninsula. South of the small fishing village of Al Khaluf a magnificent deserted sandy beach with white sugary dunes behind stretches for nearly 20 km along the Indian Ocean coast. » #2586 Mike Searle, Geology of the Oman Mountains, Eastern Arabia, Springer International Publishing, 2019 ~ p. 391 Al Khidr : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: PPLL UFI: 99381 coordinate: lat 29.4644444 long 48.2883333 NIMA/GNS names: Al Khidr , VARIANT names: Al Khidr , ※ SOURCE for Al Khidr «The site of al-Khidr, in the northern part of Failaka, was prospected by the Kuwait National Museum a few years ago. There should be other sites of the Dilmun period on the island, since in some places where recent work has taken place, Bronze age sherds were found on the ground. » #2921 Yves Calvet, Failaka and the northern part of Dilmun, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1989 vol. 19:pp. 5-11 ~ p. 8 Al Khubar : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3092086 coordinate: lat 26.2794444 long 50.2083333 NIMA/GNS names: Al Khobar , Al Khubar , Khobar , VARIANT names: Al Khubar , Bore , Khobar , ※ SOURCE for Bore « On the Arabian peninsula, Mecca ("La mecha") is depicted with the Kaaba, the building at the center of Islam's most sacred mosque, Al-Masjid al-Haram, clearly visible, and, further south, "Adden" (Aden) can be found. Other place names include "Mascati" (Muscat), "Zarar" (Sohar) and "Cauo de Mada" (Musandam Peninsula), "Culfal" (Qatar). and "Bore" (Khobar). » #2214 Daniel Crouch Rare Books, The Vesconte Maggiolo Planisphere of 1531, Oct 19, 2016 ~ p. 42 ※ SOURCE for Khobar « Since Achaemenid times, Persians had settled around the town of Gerrha, not far from known qanats sites at Qatif, Khobar, and Bahrain. Gerrha had thrived on the various trade routes which con- verged in the region (Salibi, 1980: 37; Fig. 3). Caravans plying these routes carried spices and other commodities from India, along with frankincense and myrrh (aromatic resins from scrubby trees of the same names) from South Arabia. One route to Gerrha ran from south-west Arabia, across the Najd plateau, between the eastern and western periph- eries of the Peninsula. While this route was important to the incense and exotic goods trade from south-west Arabia, it cannot account for the diffusion of qanats, because qanat technology was rather late in coming to south-west Arabia, or Yemen (see next section) (Lightfoot, 2000). Historical data suggest that qanats had been implanted around Qatif and Bahrain before, or at the same time as the ganats in western Yemen. Another route to Gerrha ran along the Gulf coast from Oman. » #849 Lightfoot, Dale R., The origin and diffusion of qanats in arabia: New evidence from the northern and southern peninsula, The Geographical Journal, London, 2000 (Sep.) 166:3: ~ p. 219 « Stone divers' weights are reported to have been recovered from oyster shell middens found "along the shore a mile south of al-Khobar" (Le Baron Bowen 1951: 176). This approximately matches the location of a string of Ubaid-related sites at Ain As-Sayh (McClure and Al-Shaikh 1993; » #2817 Robert Carter, The History and Prehistory of Pearling in the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 2005 vol. 48:no. 2:pp. 139-209 ~ p. 164 Al Kumait : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3107759 coordinate: lat 32.0336111 long 46.8775 NIMA/GNS names: Al Kumait , Kumayt , Markaz Nahiyat Kumayt , VARIANT names: Al Kumait , Qumait , ※ SOURCE for Qumait « The Prince of Basrah had long warning. He had strenghtened the fortifications of his capital and of Qurnah, and built an outpost at Qumait. For months past he had been expelling from Basrah all useless members of the population. » #2955 Stephen Hemsley Longrigg, Four Centuries of Modern Iraq, The Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1925 ~ p. 113 Al Kunar Lamzam : arch. site IRN UTM: 5453, 2704 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0666666666667 long 54.8833333333333 VARIANT names: Al Kunar Lamzam , ※ SOURCE for Al Kunar Lamzam « Other variants: Kunardon Details: Kenar-e means ‘next to something’, this should therefore be ‘the place next to Lemazan', where there is indeed a cluster of ruins marked (TPC Sheet H- 7D). No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Al Kurain Island : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3096679 coordinate: lat 27.6494444 long 49.8225 NIMA/GNS names: Al Kurain Island , Al Quraiyin , Al Qurayn , Al Qurayyin , Jazirat al Quraiyin , Jazirat al Qurayn , Jazirat Kurayn , Jezirat al Kurain , Kraine , Kurain , Kuraiyin , Kurayn , Qraiyin Island , Qraiyn , Quraiyin Island , VARIANT names: Al Kurain Island , Al Kuwait : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: PCLI UFI: -789772 coordinate: lat 29.5 long 47.75 NIMA/GNS names: Al Kuwait , Al Kuwayt , Al Kuwayt , Al Kuweit , Dawlat al- Kuwait , Dawlat al Kuwayt , Dowlat al Kuwait , Koweit , Kuwait , Kuwait , Kuweit , Shaikhdom of Kuwait , Sheikhdom of Kuwait , State of Kuwait , دولة الكويت , VARIANT names: Al Kuwait , Koueit , Koweit , Kuweit , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Kuwayt FOR Sacer Bay [Groom], ※ SOURCE for Koueit « Koueit » in {map#1035 Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A)} see AHduGP map 102 ※ SOURCE for Koweit « contains a group of sheikhdoms and emirates, the boundaries of which are not usually clearly defined, and includes Koweit, Hasa, El-Katr (Gattar), Trucial Oman, and a considerable part of the Sultanate of Oman, all of which maintain special relations with the British Government » #2927 George Walter Prothero, Great Britain. Foreign Office. Historical Section, Peace Handbooks: Persian Gulf : French and Portuguese possessions, no. 76-81, H.M. Stationery Office, London, 1920 ~ p. 3 ※ SOURCE for Kuweit « KUWEIT,(1) on the gulf a little south of the river delta, will in all probability- before long, rise in importance and be as well known as Suez or Port Said. fn. 1 Kuweit is the Arabic diminutive of Kut a walled-village: the place is called Grane on some maps evidently a corruption of Kurein or "little horn," a name given to an island in the harbor. » #1816 Zwemer, Samuel Marinus, Arabia: The Cradle of Islam, Fleming H. Revell Company, New York, 1900 ~ p. 128 Al Liwa' : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786079 coordinate: lat 24.530774 long 56.563001 NIMA/GNS names: Al Liwa' , Hillat al Hisn , Liwa , Liwa' , Liwa' , لوى , VARIANT names: Al Liwa' , Lua , Luar , Luwa , Portus Leupas , ※ SOURCE for Al Liwa' Map "The Sultanate of Oman", Oman Newspaper House, 1985, Bartholomew Maps 1:1,300,000 « Liwa had become a gathering place for the Imam's enemies driven out of central Oman and after dispute amongst the Jibur there the Hilali malik, Hammad ibn Jufayr, had been killed. The confusion gave the Iman's force a good opportunity to intervene when they surrounded the Fort, now held by the deceased malik's son Sayf, his brothers and supporters took refuge with the Portuguese at Suhar. For six months a siege was maintained during which the besieged were kept supplied by supporters at Suhar, who included the Portuguese, and who also attacked the besieging force at night. » #2816 Bathurst, Raymond Denis, The Ya’rubi dynasty of Oman, (unpublished thesis), University of Oxford, 1967 ~ p. 79 ※ SOURCE for Lua A little above the Sohar isles, the sea-port of Lua answers, apparently, to his [Pliny] Portus Leupas ;#365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ vol. 2 p. 230 ※ SOURCE for Luar « Luar is a large fort, with a town two miles inland, in lat. 24° 30' 53' N., long. 56° 9' 48" E. It is a place of some importance, and the nominal revenue of it, and the places attached to it, is about seven thousand German crowns but it is a very small portion that goes to the Imaum:» #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p.625 ※ SOURCE for Luwa « Luwa » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. Wellsted Royal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} ※ SOURCE for Portus Leupas « A little above the Sohar isles, the sea-port of Lua answers, apparently, to his [Pliny] Portus Leupas ; » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ vol. 2 p. 230 « Alternative Names: Al Liwa', Al Liwā’, Hillat al Hisn, Liwa, Liwa', Liwa’, Liwá, Liwā’, lwy, لوى, Ḩillat al Ḩisn » www.mindat.org/feature-289174.html Al Manama : place BHR NIMA/GNS feature: PPLC UFI: -784833 coordinate: lat 26.2361111 long 50.5830556 NIMA/GNS names: Al Manama , Al Manamah , Manama , Manameh , Menama , VARIANT names: Al Manama , Al Mansuriyah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3102639 coordinate: lat 34.0213889 long 44.9938889 NIMA/GNS names: Al Mansuriyah , Mansuriya , Mansuriyah , VARIANT names: Al Mansuriyah , Haruni , Mansurie , ※ SOURCE for Haruni « Haruni » in {map#1343 Reisen im Orient. von H. Petermann ; Nebst Einer Karte, Entworfen Von H. Kiepert. 2. Band, p. 243, 1861, } ※ SOURCE for Mansurie « Mansurie » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No.2 Baghdad 1917} Al Mukalla : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3183737 coordinate: lat 14.542481 long 49.124244 NIMA/GNS names: Al Mukalla , Mukalla , المكلا , VARIANT names: Al Mukalla , Trētē , Tretos , ※ SOURCE for Trētē in Fig. 1. Explanations. The names of the Ptol. Map #899 Pauly, August Friedrich von and Wissowa, Georg, Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft. Supplementband XI, Abragila–Zengisa (1968), Stuttgart, 1925 ~ cols. 1353-4 ※ SOURCE for Tretos in Fig. 1. Explanations. The names of the Ptol. Map #899 Pauly, August Friedrich von and Wissowa, Georg, Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft. Supplementband XI, Abragila–Zengisa (1968), Stuttgart, 1925 ~ cols. 1353-4 « Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 14.534337, 49.123406 » D.T. Potts, DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Tretos: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2014 at online reference link [accessed 14 Mar 2023] Al Mukha : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3183740 coordinate: lat 13.320444 long 43.243198 NIMA/GNS names: Al Mukha , Al Mukha' , Mocha , Mokha , Mukha , المخاء , VARIANT names: Al Mukha , Mokha , Muza , ※ SOURCE for Mokha #823 Warmington, E H, The Commerce between the Roman Empire and India, Cambridge, 1928 p. 9 ※ SOURCE for Muza #823 Warmington, E H, The Commerce between the Roman Empire and India, Cambridge, 1928 p. 9 owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Muza, 43.249168, 13.319722, YE, nkn, exact, 106, tmcIRa0100_002a » Al Murair : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786105 coordinate: lat 24.929989 long 56.388158 NIMA/GNS names: Al Murair , Al Murayr , Murair , Murayr , Murayr al Matarish , Murayr al Matarish , مرير المطاريش , VARIANT names: Al Murair , Murair-al-Kabirah , Murair-as-Saghirah , ※ SOURCE for Al Murair « The exact boundary with the Qasimi district of Shamailiyah beyond Murair is marked at the present time by a stone wall which runs seawards for a quarter of a mile from the extremity of the hills and through a gap in which the road from Murair to Ghallah passes.(1) fn. 1 See plan No. 1363 in the Foreign Department Library, Simla. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 283 ※ SOURCE for Murair-al-Kabirah « At mile 15, Murair, the port for Wadi-al-Qor; it consists of two parts, Murair-al-Kabirah and Murair-as-Saghirah, aggregating 270 houses, 33 baqarahs and battils, 45 camels, 45 donkeys, 75 cattle, 450 sheep and goats, and 7,000 date palms; scanty ordinary cultivation. Here Route No. 48, Sharjah-Murair, and Route No. 49, Hamriyah-Murair, join in. » #2851 'Routes in Arabia', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/3, in Qatar Digital Library, 1915 ~ p. 201 « Murair-al-Kabirah مرير الكبيرة [name] 200 houses of Matarish. [Houses and inhabitants.] There are 3,000 date palms and ordinary cultivation; tobacco also is grown. Animals are 25 camels, 25 donkeys, 40 cattle and 200 sheep and goats. 18 Baqarahs belong to this port. [remarks] » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1811 ※ SOURCE for Murair-as-Saghirah « At mile 15, Murair, the port for Wadi-al-Qor; it consists of two parts, Murair-al-Kabirah and Murair-as-Saghirah, aggregating 270 houses, 33 baqarahs and battils, 45 camels, 45 donkeys, 75 cattle, 450 sheep and goats, and 7,000 date palms; scanty ordinary cultivation. Here Route No. 48, Sharjah-Murair, and Route No. 49, Hamriyah-Murair, join in. » #2851 'Routes in Arabia', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/3, in Qatar Digital Library, 1915 ~ p. 201 « Murair-as-Saghirah مرير الصغيرة [name] 70 houses of Daramikah. [Houses and inhabitants.] Murair serves as a port for Wadi- al-Qor: 15 Baqarahs and Batils belonging to the place run to Masqat Town and the Persian Gulf. The inhabitants have 4,000 date palms, 20 camels, 20 donkeys, 35 cattle and 250 sheep and goats. [remarks] » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1811 Al Qamar Bay : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -3190560 coordinate: lat 15.965124 long 52.164106 NIMA/GNS names: Al Qamar Bay , Ghubbat al Qamar , Ghubbat Qamr , Ghubbet Qamar , VARIANT names: Al Qamar Bay , al-Qamar (Moon) Bay , Sachalites Sinus , ※ SOURCE for al-Qamar (Moon) Bay « Der Name Zaxaλitys xóλros für die große Bucht zwischen Räs Fartak und Ras Mirbat, die aus der al-Qamar-(Mond-)Bucht und der Bucht von Zufär¹ besteht fn. 1 1 Zufar oder Dufar, heute oft Dhofar genannt » [The name Zaxaλitys xóλros [Sakhalin gulf] for the large bay between Ras Fartak and Ras Mirbat, consisting of al-Qamar (Moon) Bay and the Bay of Zufär¹, fn. 1 1 Zufar or Dufar, now often called Dhofar] #2719 Hermann von Wissmann, Walter W. Mu¨ller, Das Weihrauchland Sa’kalan, Samarum und Moscha (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch - Historische Klasse. Sitzungsberichte), Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1977 ~ p. 5 ※ SOURCE for Sachalites Sinus « D2 | Sachalites Sinus | R | Qamr bay | Beeston 1981, 357 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory, Map 4 Arabia-Azania, p. 48 « Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 15.9270015, 52.2093989 » D.T. Potts, Sean Gillies, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Sachalites Sinus: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2021 at online reference link [accessed 10 Mar 2023] Al Qasbiyah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLS UFI: -786127 coordinate: lat 24.0166667 long 57.0833333 NIMA/GNS names: Al Qasabiyat , Al Qasbiyah , Al Qasbiyat , Qasabiyat , Qasbiya , VARIANT names: Al Qasbiyah , Gassbeyher , ※ SOURCE for Gassbeyher « Gassbeyher is a village in lat..24° 2' 20" N., long. 57° 12' 54" E. Four miles to the SSE. is the village of Khoohoor, and between it and Kaderrah, Ahassa and three other villages, at all of which cattle may be procured. The country continues the same as to appearance and cul-tivation. The soundings off the coast are regular. . » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 626 Al Qatar : place QAT NIMA/GNS feature: PEN UFI: -785514 coordinate: lat 25.5 long 51.25 NIMA/GNS names: Al Qatar , Al Qatar , Bar al Qatar , Barr-al-Qartar , Dawlat Qatar , Gatar , Katar , Katar , Qatar , Qatar , Qatar , Qatar , Qatar Peninsula , Shaikhdom Qatar , Sheikhdom of Qatar , State of Qatar , دولة قطر , قطر , VARIANT names: Al Qatar , Catar , Catara , Cattara , Culfal , El-Katr , Gattar , ※ SOURCE for Catar « CATAR, península de - Bar Al Qatar, em 25° 30' lat. N. e 51° 15' longo E., no litoral árabe do golfo Perslco. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 203 ※ SOURCE for Catara « Catara » in map #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726 ~ bk. 5 after p. 284 « Catara » in Fig. 17. South-eastern Arabia according to Cl. Ptolemy. After Groom 1994: 200.#1592 ed. Ibrahim al Abed, Peter Hellyer, United Arab Emirates a new perspective, Trident Press, 2001 ~ p. 54 ※ SOURCE for Cattara « Cattara » in {map#967 Chart of the Persian Gulf, Thomas Bowrey, 1685, British Library, Add.5222.15} see AHduGP map 86 ※ SOURCE for Culfal « On the Arabian peninsula, Mecca ("La mecha") is depicted with the Kaaba, the building at the center of Islam's most sacred mosque, Al-Masjid al-Haram, clearly visible, and, further south, "Adden" (Aden) can be found. Other place names include "Mascati" (Muscat), "Zarar" (Sohar) and "Cauo de Mada" (Musandam Peninsula), "Culfal" (Qatar). and "Bore" (Khobar). » #2214 Daniel Crouch Rare Books, The Vesconte Maggiolo Planisphere of 1531, Oct 19, 2016 ~ p. 42 ※ SOURCE for El-Katr « contains a group of sheikhdoms and emirates, the boundaries of which are not usually clearly defined, and includes Koweit, Hasa, El-Katr (Gattar), Trucial Oman, and a considerable part of the Sultanate of Oman, all of which maintain special relations with the British Government » #2927 George Walter Prothero, Great Britain. Foreign Office. Historical Section, Peace Handbooks: Persian Gulf : French and Portuguese possessions, no. 76-81, H.M. Stationery Office, London, 1920 ~ p. 3 ※ SOURCE for Gattar « contains a group of sheikhdoms and emirates, the boundaries of which are not usually clearly defined, and includes Koweit, Hasa, El-Katr (Gattar), Trucial Oman, and a considerable part of the Sultanate of Oman, all of which maintain special relations with the British Government » #2927 George Walter Prothero, Great Britain. Foreign Office. Historical Section, Peace Handbooks: Persian Gulf : French and Portuguese possessions, no. 76-81, H.M. Stationery Office, London, 1920 ~ p. 3 Al Qatif : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3092484 coordinate: lat 26.52 long 50.0247222 NIMA/GNS names: Al Qatif , El Katif , Qatif , VARIANT names: Al Qatif , Al-Katif , catifa , Catifaa , Catife , El Katif , El-Catif , Katif , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Al Qatif FOR Istriana [Forster], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Al Qatif FOR Bilbana [James], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Al Qatif FOR Bilbana [Cornwall], ※ SOURCE for Al Qatif « Between 1229-1230 and 1244, thanks to the backing "Shaykh of Qays powerful fleet, Abü Bakr ibn Sa'd ibn Zanji, having gained full control over this maritime domain, of Hind managed to extend his sovereignty, both direct and indirect, over the Arabian coast as well: Bahrain, al-Qatif, al-Hasa and the fortresses of Tarût and Lahsa were from the stormed and incorporated. » #2026 Piacentini, Valeria Fiorani, The mercantile empire of theṬibis: economic predominance, political power, military subordination, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2004 vol. 34:pp. 251-260 ~ p. 254 ※ SOURCE for Al-Katif « AL-KATIF, a large oasis in Saudi Arabia on the southern shore of the Persian Gulf. 1. Geography and demography. The oasis fronts on Tårut Bay, named after the island facing its centre. Although al-Katif was for centuries a sea- port of considerable importance, it is now, due to the shallowness of its waters, used only by small craft. Most of the maritime traffic had been diverted to the oil-shipping port of Ra's Tannura (Ras Tanura) on the narrow peninsula which forms the north side of the bay and to the commercial port of al-Dammam [q.v.] at the southern extremity of the bay. The oasis stretches about 22 km. from north to south along the coast of the bay. In the far north the town of Safwa and its girdle of date palms are cut off from the bay by Sabkhat Djawan (sabkha = "salt flat"), from the main body of the oasis by Sabkhat Safwa and the sands of al-Diabdjüb, and from the inland village of Umm al-Sabik by the sands of al- Dawaghir. In the centre of the oasis is the town of al-Katif proper, popularly called al-Kal'a after the old Ottoman (not Portuguese) fort razed in recent times. The more important villages in its vicinity are al-Kudayh and al-Awwamiyya to the north, and al-Diärüdiyya, Umm al-Khamam, al-Diishsh, and 'Anik to the south. Separated from the rest of the oasis by the sands of al-Badrani is the interior village of al-Adjām (pronounced lodjam). The oasis ends in the south with the flourishing town of Sayhät on the coast. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 4 p.763 ※ SOURCE for catifa « catifa » in {map#885 f. 7r, India, Arabia, and portion of eastern Africa., Velho, Bartolomeu, 1550-1599, The Huntingdon Library mssHM 44} see PMC vol. 2 EST 227-236 and AHduGP map 26 « CATIFA, lugar de-El Katiff, em 26° 31' lat. N. e 50° long. E., na costa da Ará- bia. Fernão Lopes de Castanheda esclarece que a fortaleza de Catifa distava dez léguas da ilha Baarem ou Bahrein. [João de Barros - Da Asia].[ CATIFA, Place de-El Katiff, at 26° 31' lat. N. and 50° long. E., on the coast of Arabia. Fernão Lopes de Castanheda clarifies that the fortress of Catifa was ten leagues from the island of Baarem or Bahrain. [João de Barros - From Asia].] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 204 ※ SOURCE for Catifaa « CATIFAA, lugar de-v. Catifa, lugar de. [Afonso de Albuquerque - Cartas de]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 204 ※ SOURCE for Catife « CATIFE, lugar de-v. Catifa, lugar de. [João de Barros - Da Ásia]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 204 ※ SOURCE for El Katif « A notable instance of the intervention of the latter in behalf of their tributaries is recorded by Faria y Sousa, A.D. 1521, when being themselves masters of Hormuz they joined the "king" of that place in an expedition against Mukrim, his vassal of "Lasah," (el-Hasa,) to oblige him to pay his usual tribute for the island of el-Bahrein and el-Katif on the mainland. See Kerr's Voyages and Travels, vol. vi. pp. 188-90. » #482 Razik, Salil-Ibn, History of the Imâms and Seyyids of ’Omân ... from A.D. 661-1856. Translated from the original Arabic and edited, with notes, appendices, and an introduction, continuing the history down to 1870, by G. P. Badger, Darf Publishers Limited, London, 1871/1986 ~ p. 46 fn. 2 ※ SOURCE for El-Catif « El-Catif » in {map#362 Carte du Golfe Persique depuis Bassora jusqu'au Cap Rasalgate, Guillaume Nicolas Delahaye D'apres De Mannevillette, 1775, Leiden, Universiteitsbibliotheek (Collectie Bodel Nijenhuis, Portf. 175, n° 108)} see AHduGP map 57 ※ SOURCE for Katif « After Basra, Katif played a very important part in the conflict with the Portuguese. It was a second base on the coast of the Persian Gulf. Katif was included among the sanjaks of the beylerbeylik of Lahsa. At first the Ottoman governor of Lahsa held the rank of a sanjakbey (42). A document dating from the year 967/1555 reveals that sometime previously the sanjakbey of Lahsa had been raised to the status of Mir-i Miran, i.e., of beylerbey (43). The eyalet of Lahsa. which extended as far as Qatar, consisted of the sanjaks of Katif, Hama, Mubarriz, Jesha, Saffa, Jabrayn, Koban, Tahammiyya and Uyun (44). fn. 42Istanbul Topkapi Sarayi Kütüphanesi, MS. no. Koguslar 888, fol. 102 r. A certain Mehmed Bey held the appointment this time. fn. 43 C. Orhonlu, "1559 Bahreyn Seferine Aid Bir Rapor", in TD, XVII/22, (Istanbul, 1967), p. 6; quoting from MD, II, p. 167. fn. 44 Cf. Ruus 238, p. 146 (dated 6 Sevval 988/14 November 1580). See also J. S. Mandaville, "The Ottoman Province of al-Hasa in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries", in Journal of the American Oriental Society, 90/3, (1970), p. 488. » #377 Ozbaran, Salih, The Ottoman response to European expansion, Studies on Ottoman-Portuguese Relations in the Indian Ocean and Ottoman Administration in the Arab Lands during the Sixteenth Century, Isis Press, Istanbul, 1994 ~ p. 129 Al Qiran : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3096287 coordinate: lat 27.7166667 long 49.8261111 NIMA/GNS names: Al Qiran , Jazirat al Qiran , Jazirat Karan , Karan , Kiran , Kran , Qran Islet , VARIANT names: Al Qiran , Al Sharjah : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -782371 coordinate: lat 25.337374 long 55.412056 NIMA/GNS names: Al Sharjah , Ash 'Mariqah , Ash Shariqa , Ash Shariqah , Sharga , Sharijah , Shariqah , Sharja , Sharjah , الشارقة , VARIANT names: Al Sharjah , Al 'Uqayr : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3092587 coordinate: lat 25.6430556 long 50.2144444 NIMA/GNS names: `Ojair , `Uqair , Al `Oqair , Al `Uqayr , Al Awqair , Al Awqayr , Oqair , VARIANT names: Al 'Uqayr , al-‘Uqayr , Ogair , Ojeir , Uqair , ※ SOURCE for Al 'Uqayr Potts lists the possibilities for the location of Gerrha including Qatif, Hofuf, al Uqayr and Salwa then says « that Thaj and al-Jubayl are the sites of the inland town of Gerrha and its coastal port » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ pp. 85-97 and p. 90 [owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Gerrha, 50.214443, 25.643057, SA, nkn, exact, 11, tmcIRa0100_051a » which places it at al Uqayr and not Jubayl. PBR] located south west off the southern tip of Bahrain at Ra's al Barr ※ SOURCE for al-‘Uqayr « Teredon seems to have been the trading post of the Gerrhaeans. This leads to the problem of the location of Gerrha, which has already been so substantially debated that it would be superfluous to go into detail over the arguments here. In effect there are now two schools of thought: first, the original view, which the writer has upheld elsewhere, that it centred on the Hasā oasis with a port not far from al-‘Uqayr (7) ; second, the view, strongly argued recently by Dr Potts and others, that the city was Thāj and the port was al-Jubayl (8) . fn. 7 Groom, 1984. fn. 8 Potts, 1984a. » #197 Groom, Nigel, Eastern Arabia in Ptolemy's map, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1986 ~ p. 68 ※ SOURCE for Ogair « Ogair liks opposite to the island of Bahrein, and may be esteemed the chief seaport of the Wahabees. A custom house, at which all imports direct for Lahsa and Dareyah are landed, is established at this place, as their conveyance .to their several destinations by land is thus greatly shortened. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 18 ※ SOURCE for Ojeir « Until recently, a port like Uqair, that served the Hofuf oasis, Riyadh and part of the Nejd, was practically uninhabited: it consisted of a customs office, a khan and three shops (Anonymous 1915: 308). We have a description by Leachman: ‘‘a small place, little more than a custom house, an old Arab fort, and a few buildings surrounded by the desert.... There is a considerable caravan trade with the interior’’ (1914: 520). S.M. Zwemer, who visited Uqair twice, in 1893 and 1905, wrote, ‘‘Ojeir, although it has neither a bazaar nor a settled population, has a fair harbour, a mud-fort, and an imposing Custom-house, and is therefore the landing- place for the immense quantity of Indian rice and Manchester piece-goods shipped by way of Bahrein into the interior of Arabia. Caravans of 500 or 1,000 camels leave every fortnight’’ » #2928 Michel Mouton, The settlement patterns of north-eastern and south-eastern Arabia in late antiquity, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2009 vol. 20:pp.185–207 ~ p. 186 ※ SOURCE for Uqair « Uqair is pronounced Ogair, which was close enough to the Greek name to be convincing. Admittedly it was known that a walled city had been built at Uqair in Islamic times, but this was believed to lie on the offshore island where the present Uqair village stands. In any case, we knew of other sites not so far away where Islamic cities lay beside or above cities of Seleucid or earlier date. » #306 Bibby, Geoffrey, Looking For Dilmun, Pengiun Books Ltd., London, 1984 ~ p. 318-9 Al Yamama : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3092677 coordinate: lat 24.1941667 long 47.3736111 NIMA/GNS names: Al Yamama , Al Yamamah , Yamama , Yamamah , VARIANT names: Al Yamama , ※ SOURCE for Al Yamama « Al-Yamama (Arabic: اليَمامَة, romanized: al-Yamāma) is a historical region in the southeastern Najd in modern-day Saudi Arabia, or sometimes more specifically, the now-extinct ancient village of Jaww al-Yamamah, near al-Kharj, after which the rest of the region was named. » wikipedia « It was they who had to control the “Mahra” marchlands separating the two Arabian imamates as well as having to look after the “Bahrayn” front.(13) fn. 13 Throughout this article “Bahrayn” refers to the area so designated in the classical Arab writers, that is the “functional” region (in the geographical sense) of Eastern Arabia focusing on the oases of the Hasa province: inland from it lay at-Yamama. Its coastal front extended from al-Kazima, on the confines of classical al-‘Iraq, to the frontierlands of ‘Uman in al- Baynuna (that is, from modem Kuwait to western Abu Dhabi. » #1234 Wilkinson, John C., Oman and East Africa: New Light on Early Kilwan History from the Omani Sources, The International Journal of African Historical Studies, Boston, 1981, 14:2:272-305 ~ p. 278 Al Yasat : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISLS UFI: -782302 coordinate: lat 24.205571 long 51.998076 NIMA/GNS names: Al Yasat , Al Yasayn , Al Ya'sin , Jazair al Yasat , Jezirat Yasat , VARIANT names: Al Yasat , Yessart, Psyches Isles , ※ SOURCE for Yessart, Psyches Isles « Yessart, Psyches Isles » in {map#910 Map of Arabia, Published by J. Walker, Geographer to the Honble East India Company, 1849, British Library, IOR/X/3206} Ala Khurshid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052251 coordinate: lat 31.549066 long 49.870973 NIMA/GNS names: Al Khvorshid , Ala Khurshid , Ala Khvorshid , Al-e Khowrshid , Alkhorshid , آل خورشید , VARIANT names: Ala Khurshid , Ala river : stream grp 31 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.249319 long 49.66913 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ala river , ※ SOURCE for Ala river « It was dark before we reached the village of Ram Hormuz, on the river Ala-at this spot a considerable stream. We spent the night, with several other travellers, in the porch of the castle gate. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 463 Alam Ali Pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3052260 coordinate: lat 37.343797 long 58.505958 NIMA/GNS names: Alam Ali Pass , Gardaneh-ye `Alam `Ali , Gardaneh-ye A`lami , گردنه اعلمی , VARIANT names: Alam Ali Pass , Alavi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052303 coordinate: lat 33.054797 long 51.08331 NIMA/GNS names: `Alavi , `Alavicheh , `Alavijeh , Alavicheh , علویجه , علویچه , VARIANT names: Alavi , Allavidjeh , ※ SOURCE for Alavi « At 21 miles is the villageof Alavi, about 1 mile to the right of the road. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 235 ※ SOURCE for Allavidjeh « Allavidjeh » in {map#1345 in #3345 Siroux, Maxime, Anciennes voies et monuments routiers de la région d'Ispahân, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1971 ~ fig. Anciennes Routes vers Ispahan} A'law Dowlat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052240 coordinate: lat 29.3929 long 52.8971 NIMA/GNS names: `Ala' Dowlat , `Ala Dowleh , `Ala od Doleh , A`la Dowlat , A'law Dowlat , اعلی دولت , VARIANT names: A'law Dowlat , Allahu Daulah , ※ SOURCE for Allahu Daulah « Allahu Daulah » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Al-Baleed : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -785926 coordinate: lat 17.006535 long 54.136146 NIMA/GNS names: Al Baleed , Al Balid , Al Bilad , Bulayd , البليد , VARIANT names: Al Bilad , Al-Baleed , Zafar , ※ SOURCE for Al Bilad Juris Zarins, “Aspects of recent archaeological work at al-Balid (Zafār), Sultanate of Oman,” Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies 37 (2007): 319 ※ SOURCE for Al-Baleed « The site of al-Baleed, ancient Zafar, is a medieval Islamic period port. The site has evidence for trade and interaction with China, SE Asia and East Africa from at least the 10th century CE. Al- Baleed is a UNESCO World Heritage site and has been developed as an archaeological park. » #2755 Lynne S. Newton, Shrines in Dhofar, Society for Arabian Studies Monographs, Archaeopress, Oxford, 2010 ~ p.334 ※ SOURCE for Zafar « The region of Dhofar takes its name from the medieval town Zafar, which is currently known as Al-Baleed. To distinguish Zafar in southern Oman from a similarly named city in the highlands of Yemen, the medieval Arab historians and geographers used the term Zafar Al-Habudhi, which presumably included Al-Baleed, Al-Robat and the wider vicinity of the medieval city. Substantial ruins of a portion of the medieval city enclosed by a formal wall and located by the seashore are today called Al-Baleed/Balid. » #2668 Lynne S. Newton and Juris Zarins, Dhofar through the Ages An Ecological, Archaeological and Historical Landscape, Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. xiii NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 25.6422222 long 57.7722222 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Alexander's' altars , Arae Alexandri , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Alexander's' altars AT Jask lat 25.645335 long 57.775524 [Tarn], ※ SOURCE for Alexander's' altars « capita toto corpore hirti coriisque piscium vestiti. ab horum tractu Indiam versus Cascandrus deserta insula in oceano I p. traditur, iuxtaque eam freto interfluente Stoidis quaestuosa margaritis. a pro- munturio Carmanis iunguntur Harmozaei; quidam interponunt Arbios, CCCCXXI p. toto litore. ibi Portus Macedonum et Arae Alexandri in promunturio, amnes Siccanas, dein Dratinus et Salsum. ab eo promunturium Themisteas; insula Aphrodisias habitatur. inde Persidis initium ad flumen Oratin contra Persidem insulae » #2669 H. Rackham, Pliny Natural History, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1942 ~ vol. 2 p. 422 « Ptolemy VI, 18 adds little; native names apart, he gives three towns in Carmania-Alexandria, Carmania Metropolis (certainly Kerman), and Harmouza (? Harmozia); this last is doubtless Pliny's Portus Macedonum among the Harmozaei, and, as will presently appear, it was probably Omana. Ptolemy's Harmouza is the Harmoza Regia of the Ravennate geographer; this ought to mean that it was once somebody's capital. Of course neither Harmozia nor Portus Macedonum (p. 13) was its official name. We have then in Pliny bits of some Hellenistic account of a settlement about the Amanis (Minab) river country reaching roughly from Alexandria- Gulashkird to the sea, with a harbour town on the Gulf of Ormuz which did a large trade. There seems to be no other place along the Carmanian coast where a settlement on any scale could be made; and this district, not Kerman, was the essential 'Carmania'. 'Alexander's' altars on C. Jask are like 'Alexander's' attempt to establish agriculture in Gedrosia (p. 260): » #229 Tarn, W. W., The Greeks in Bactria and India, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1951 ~ p. 482 « Here are the Port of the Macedonians (Portus Macedonum) and the Altars of Alexander situated on a promontory” (trans. Rackham). W. W. Tarn suggested that Portus Macedonum could be identified with Harmouza, which is mentioned by Ptolemy (6.8.5; 8.22.21).1 The latter he identified with Armoza Regia, which is recorded by the Ravenna Geographer (52.10, ed. Pinder and Parthey = 18.10, ed. Schnetz). » #2858 Getzel M. Cohen, The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2013 ~ chap.V, sect. Portus Macedonum « 3. Location. Tarn (GBI2 481–82 and map 1 at end) identified Portus Macedonum with Omana, which he located on the Strait of Hormuz, and ALTARS OF ALEXAND ER with Cape Jask, just beyond the Strait (map I at end of GBI2). Note, however, that Omana was most probably located beyond the Strait, somewhere on the Iranian coast; see J.-F. Salles, PSAS 10 (1980) 103–4 (Sadij); Boucharlat and Salles, PSAS 11 (1981) 67–68 (Tiz); Casson, Periplus 180–81 (Chah Bahar, Tiz, or Gwadar West Bay). Boucharlat and Salles (PSAS 11 [1981] 67–68) suggested—as a hypothetical possibility—that Portus Macedonum and ALTARS OF ALEXAND ER were places “inhabited by the Harmozei, neighbours of the Carmani, and they are situated on a cape from which we can easily reach another cape and the desert island of Aphrodisias, generally recognised as Kish Island. One must admit the existence of a coastal site on the Iranian side of the Hurmuz strait, which was known by Pliny but ignored by the Periplus and by Ptolemy and which must be different from Ommana and from Armouzon; the foundation of this site should be linked with the expeditions of Alexander.” Eggermont’s (Sind and Baluchistan 136; and ARBIS in India, n. 3) suggested identification Portus Macedonum = Alexander’s Harbor = Barbarikon = Barke is not convincing. It would appear that we should not search for Portus Macedonum in the area of the Indus delta. For suggestions regarding the possible location—in the Indus delta—of Alexander’s Harbor see ARBIS, n. 3. » #2858 Getzel M. Cohen, The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2013 ~ chap.V, sect. Portus Macedonum p. 191 ※ SOURCE for Arae Alexandri « capita toto corpore hirti coriisque piscium vestiti. ab horum tractu Indiam versus Cascandrus deserta insula in oceano I p. traditur, iuxtaque eam freto interfluente Stoidis quaestuosa margaritis. a pro- munturio Carmanis iunguntur Harmozaei; quidam interponunt Arbios, CCCCXXI p. toto litore. ibi Portus Macedonum et Arae Alexandri in promunturio, amnes Siccanas, dein Dratinus et Salsum. ab eo promunturium Themisteas; insula Aphrodisias habitatur. inde Persidis initium ad flumen Oratin contra Persidem insulae » #2669 H. Rackham, Pliny Natural History, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1942 ~ vol. 2 p. 422 « Ptolemy VI, 18 adds little; native names apart, he gives three towns in Carmania-Alexandria, Carmania Metropolis (certainly Kerman), and Harmouza (? Harmozia); this last is doubtless Pliny's Portus Macedonum among the Harmozaei, and, as will presently appear, it was probably Omana. Ptolemy's Harmouza is the Harmoza Regia of the Ravennate geographer; this ought to mean that it was once somebody's capital. Of course neither Harmozia nor Portus Macedonum (p. 13) was its official name. We have then in Pliny bits of some Hellenistic account of a settlement about the Amanis (Minab) river country reaching roughly from Alexandria- Gulashkird to the sea, with a harbour town on the Gulf of Ormuz which did a large trade. There seems to be no other place along the Carmanian coast where a settlement on any scale could be made; and this district, not Kerman, was the essential 'Carmania'. 'Alexander's' altars on C. Jask are like 'Alexander's' attempt to establish agriculture in Gedrosia (p. 260): » #229 Tarn, W. W., The Greeks in Bactria and India, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1951 ~ p. 482 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 31.2 long 29.9 VARIANT names: Alexandria , ※ SOURCE for Alexandria in Egypt owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Alexandria, 29.9, 31.2, EG, nkn, exact, 114, tmcIRa0100_007a » Al-Fateh Khan Caravanserai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.21027 long 54.381164 VARIANT names: Al-Fateh Khan Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Al-Fateh Khan Caravanserai « Al-Fateh Khan Caravanserai is one of the caravanserai in the west of Hormozgan province in the south of Iran, which belongs to the Safavid period. This caravanserai is located in the city of Bastak and in the central part of Bastak, Hormozgan, and is considered one of the historical monuments and sightseeing spots of Hormozgan province. This place is one of the historical monuments on the road connecting Lar city to Bandar Lange city. This caravanserai is located in the eastern part of Azadi Square in Bestak, and it is considered to be a work of the Safavid era. The building is in the form of two porches with cells on the sides. Two stables have been built on the eastern and western sides of the caravanserai. » online reference link [accessed 01 Jul 2024] Alhar Caravanserai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.301373 long 53.551185 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Alhar Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Alhar Caravanserai online reference link [accessed 31 Oct 2024] Ali Changi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052656 coordinate: lat 28.9563 long 51.0616 NIMA/GNS names: `Ali Changi , Ali Chagi , Ali Jangi , آلی جنگی , عالی چنگی , VARIANT names: Ali Changi , Alichangee , ※ SOURCE for Ali Changi « Of Alichangi it has been said, (however paradoxical the assertion may appear) that the village is not always situate exactly on the same spot; the huts which compose it being of such slight construction, that they are easily removed, … Within a mile of our tents were several ancient wells, lately discovered by the peasants who had ascertained their position to be at regular intervals and in a particular direction; of five or six that I examined, the mouths were circular and in diameter from ten to twelve feet; one was triangular; all were very deep; the upper part, for above a yard, faced with stone; from that downwards they were built of excellent brick. The country people call them chah-e-gabrán; "wells of the Fire-worshippers" (?) or, in their provincial manner of speaking, chah-a-gavroona; (see p. 202); and have applied to them wheels and buckets, as they afford good water. in greater quantity than the modern wells, which are seldom, diainetrically, three feet; » #2876 William Ouseley, Travels in Various Countries of the East, More Particularly Persia, Rodwell and Martin, London, 1819, ~ vol. 1 pp. 252-3 ※ SOURCE for Alichangee « Alichangee » in {map#1161 Route of H.M. Mission through Persia on 1809, , , #3070 James Justinian Morier, A Journey Through Persia, Armenia, and Asia Minor, to Constantinople, in the Years 1808 and 1809, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 1812 ~} Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052390 coordinate: lat 29.0044 long 53.09 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , Aliabad , علی آباد , VARIANT names: Aliabad , Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052394 coordinate: lat 29.2575 long 54.2366 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , `Aliabad Khan , `Aliabad Shur , علی آباد , علی آباد خان , علی آباد شور , VARIANT names: Aliabad , Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745102 coordinate: lat 28.423483 long 53.188679 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , `Aliabad , Shahrak-e `Aliabad , شهرک علی آباد , علی آباد , VARIANT names: Aliabad , Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052374 coordinate: lat 27.68645 long 54.69611 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , علی آباد , VARIANT names: Aliabad , Ali-Abad , ※ SOURCE for Aliabad « In the neighbourhood of Lar are a few villages. At twelve miles we passed the ruins of Tanguni, with a small but well-built caravansarai, now untenanted; the qanat which gave life to the place has been choked some years. Here the plain proper ends in a tangle of dry watercourses and ravines, which extend ten miles, Kahna. 147 and then smooth themselves out into the plain of Aliabad, a circular area surrounded by black rocky hills, with Aliabad village in a tamarisk grove in the middle. Here the Forg and Hormuz roads diverge : we left Aliabad three miles on the right, and turned northward » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 pp. 146-7 « Aliabad » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} ※ SOURCE for Ali-Abad « 16 février. Nous suivons la plaine qui s'élève un peu après un caravansérall ruiné; deux farsangs plus loin, le village d'Ali-Abad; à gauche de la route, à demi-farsang, est un caravansérail. [February 16. We follow the plain which rises a little after a ruined caravanserall; two farsangs further, the village of Ali-Abad; to the left of the road, half farsang, is a caravanserai.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 531 Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052381 coordinate: lat 28.5787 long 55.827 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , علی آباد , VARIANT names: Aliabad , ※ SOURCE for Aliabad « At 23½ m. the little fort of Rishghir bore 210°, one mile off; and at the 24th we reached the hamlet Mahomedabad, and immediately got on to the high-road between Yezd and Bunder Abassi; thence 1½ mile beyond brought us to a large round tower and village huts, known as Aliabad, a little to the right of the main road we were on. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 61 Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052375 coordinate: lat 27.7276 long 53.5176 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , Aliabad Ard , علی آباد , VARIANT names: Aliabad , ※ SOURCE for Aliabad « At 3 miles 3 furlongs we pass a small hamlet called Aliabad, surrounded by date groves, lying near the foot of the hills to south. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 99 Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3052563 coordinate: lat 29.214167 long 52.986111 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , Mazra`eh `Aliabad-e Anjireh , Mazra`eh-ye `Aliabad Anjireh , VARIANT names: Aliabad , Aliabad chahar taq : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 28.572602 long 55.819888 † basis (unknown, approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Aliabad chahar taq , ※ SOURCE for Aliabad chahar taq « 5. Le Chabar Taq d' 'Aliābād.A 1 km. au sud-ouest d' 'Aliābād, sur une colline dominant la plaine environnante, s'élèvent les restes d'un Chahar Taq (pl. XXXVIIIb).Les côtés de cet édifice carré mesurent 10 m. extérieurement et 6,80 m. intérieurement. Les piliers, d'une épaisseur de 2,50 m. sur 1,60 m., atteignent une hauteur de 4,80 m. jusqu'aux trompellons. Parmi les quatre piliers, celui de l'est est entièrement détruit. L'ouverture des arcs était de 5 m. et la hauteur sous clef de 3 m. Les nomades en ont également fermé les baies en faisant ainsi un espèce de gîte pour hommes et bêtes. Plus rien ne subsiste de la coupole. Autour du Chahar Taq on peut encore voir les restes des substructions d'un corridor de 2,30 m. de large. [5. The Chabar Taq of 'Aliābād.1 km. southwest of 'Aliābād, on a hill overlooking the surrounding plain, stand the remains of a Chahar Taq (pl. XXXVIIIb).The sides of this square building measure 10 m. externally and 6.80 m. internally. The pillars, 2.50 m. thick by 1.60 m., reach a height of 4.80 m. up to the squinches. Of the four pillars, the eastern one is completely destroyed. The opening of the arches was 5 m. and the height under keystone 3 m. The nomads also closed the bays, thus making a kind of shelter for men and animals. Nothing remains of the dome. Around the Chahar Taq one can still see the remains of the foundations of a 2.30 m wide corridor.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 195 Aliabad fort ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.685671 long 54.69003 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: overall dimensions 50 x 36 m with remaing tower in north west corner VARIANT names: Aliabad fort ? , Aliabad Stony Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 35.119548 long 50.989207 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Aliabad Stony Caravanserai کاروانسرای سنگی علی?آباد VARIANT names: Aliabad Stony Caravanserai , Aliabad-e Dasht-e Ab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052388 coordinate: lat 28.967314 long 56.543479 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad , `Aliabad-e Dasht-e Ab , Ali Abad Dasht Ab , علی آباد , VARIANT names: Aliabad-e Dasht-e Ab , Aliabad-e Shams : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052613 coordinate: lat 29.1702 long 53.6699 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad-e Shams , علی آباد شمس , VARIANT names: Aliabad-e Shams , ※ SOURCE for Aliabad-e Shams « From here our route turned to the SW. and passing the village of Aliābād took us into the valley known as Tang-i-Karam. This gradually narrows into a gorge which divides the western end of the Tudēj range from the dominat- ing massif of the Koh-i-Kharman, rising to 10,799 ft. in the north. Before the narrowest portion of the gorge is approached, until quite recently a favourite place for banditry, I noticed that the foot of the hill-side on the south is lined with artificial terraces bearing stone walls of ruined dwellings which appeared to be old. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 175 Ali-Chahwent : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.863343 long 52.093208 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: unable to locate but in the locality of Farrashband VARIANT names: Ali-Chahwent , ※ SOURCE for Ali-Chahwent « Elle va de l'E. à l'O., et renferme trois villages peu distans l'un de l'autre, qui font partie du district de Farrachbent. ... Un chemin uni, bordé de riantes prai- ries et de champs ensemencés, nous amena jusqu'à Now-Chah-Vent. Un habitant de cet endroit nous conduisità Ali-Chah-Vent, autre village situé à un quart de lieue. Ali-Chah-Vent ne renferme qu'une trentaine de familles; Aouhi, sur la gauche de la vallée, [It runs from E. to W., and contains three villages not far from each other, which form part of the district of Farrachbent. ... A level road, bordered by smiling meadows and sown fields, brought us to Now-Chah-Vent. An inhabitant of this place led us to Ali-Chah-Vent, another village situated a quarter of a league away. Ali-Chah-Vent contains only about thirty families; Aouhi, on the left of the valley,] » #3256 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Gazetteer of Persia Vol. IV, Printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1892 ~ vol. 2 p. 59 Aligoodarz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052669 coordinate: lat 33.404002 long 49.691789 NIMA/GNS names: `Ali Gudar , Aligoodarz , Aligudarz , الیگودرز , VARIANT names: Aligoodarz , Aligudarz , ※ SOURCE for Aligudarz « Aligudarz » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 3 Karte Irans, Ausschnitt der Regionen Teheran - Esfahan - Shiraz} Alimarvdasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052261 coordinate: lat 27.6262 long 53 NIMA/GNS names: `Ala'-e Marvdasht , `Alimarvdasht , علاء مرودشت , VARIANT names: Alimarvdasht , Allamurdhesht , ※ SOURCE for Alimarvdasht « At 9 miles 5 furlongs cross a small dry nala, in the bed of which kanār bush is very thick, and, advancing another 3 furlongs, pass through the ruins of the old town of Alamarvdasht within 200 yards the road crosses a dry nālā. Alamarvdasht contains 100 stone and mud houses, and 350 to 400 inhabitants. The fort consists of a substantial stone wall, about 12 to 14 feet high, enclosing a large square area, rather dilapidated towers at the corners. There is a large grove of date trees to E. and N.. E. of the village and fort, also a large irrigation well, containing good water, to N.-E. of the village. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 191 ※ SOURCE for Allamurdhesht « Allamurdhesht in route Lingah to Shiraz» #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 344 Alitutal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052302 coordinate: lat 34.542376 long 48.936922 NIMA/GNS names: `Alavi , Alitutal , علوی , VARIANT names: Alitutal , ※ SOURCE for Alitutal « At 16 miles is the village of 'Alitutal, consisting of 50 houses. There are 1,500 sheep here. The yearly produce is 900 kharwars of grain. Near here were some Zand nomads from the direction of Qum, said to number 1,500 tents. Horses are changed at 'Alitutal. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 240 Ali-ye Shomali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052655 coordinate: lat 27.8404 long 51.8897 NIMA/GNS names: `Ali Bozorg , `Ali Bozorg , Ali-ye Shomali , Uli Bozorg , الی شمالی , عالی بزرگ , علی بزرگ , ولی بزرگ , VARIANT names: Ali-ye Shomali , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Aulî FOR Nageiram [Tomaschek], Allahabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 140804 coordinate: lat 28.3912 long 56.4526 NIMA/GNS names: `Aliabad-e Takhtekhvajeh Takht-e Khvajeh-ye Pa'in , Allahabad , Allahabad-e Takht-e Khvajeh , الله آباد تخت خواجه , علی آباد تختخواجه تخت خواجه پائین , VARIANT names: Allahabad , Allahabad Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.709983 long 55.37436 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Allahabad Castle قلعه الله آباد VARIANT names: Allahabad Castle , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 23.67027 long 58.189106 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: al-Shaba , Shaba (or Shabba) , POSSIBLE LOCATION of al-Shaba AT Seeb lat 23.67027 long 58.189106 [Gibb], ※ SOURCE for al-Shaba « On the Arabian coast, Ibn Battuta states that the power of the lord of Hormuz in Oman comprised Qalhat and Sur (the extreme south-western points of his domain) and Tiwi (another village near Qalhat), and from here - inland from the Batina, at the foot of the western slope of the Jabal al-Akhdar - it extended to Nizwa; then, following the coast northwards from the south, it stretched as far as Izki, Qurayat, al-Shaba, Kalba, Khaur Fakkan and Suhar. In the Gulf, the islands of Qais and Bahrain, and the port of Qatif, were part of the direct possessions of the Malik of Hormuz, and it seems that even the bandar of Basra paid tribute to Hormuz at certain times. We know that Siraf still existed during this period, for it was a small village, mainly inhabited by fishermen, which was nevertheless renowned for its shipyard and its skilled craftsmen.(26) fn. 26 Ibn Battuta, The Travels, vol. II, p. 399; see also Duarte Barbosa, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, vol. I, pp. 68-74. Pedro Teixeira, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira, W.Sinclair and D. Ferguson (eds.), (The Hakluyt Society Publications, 2nd series, no. 9, London, 1902), pp. 168-9. » #626 Piacentini, Valeria Fiorani, Siraf and Hormuz between East and West: Merchants and Merchandise in the Gulf, ~ p. 15 ※ SOURCE for Shaba (or Shabba) « Among the cities of 'Oman is the city of Zaki (114) - I did not enter it, but according to what was told me it is a large city- and al-Qurayyat, Shabā, Kalbā, Khawr Fakkan, and Suhar,(115) all of them with streams, groves, and palm trees. Most of this country is under the government of Hurmuz. fn. 114 More commonly known as Azki or Izki, 30 miles east of Nazwa. fn. 115 These are all townships on the coast, roughly from south to north: al-Qurayyat is a group of villages 25 miles south-east of Masqat; Suhar is 125 miles north-west of Masqat: Kalba and Khör Fakkan (or Fukkan) are 60 and 75 miles north of Suhar. No place called Shaba (or Shabba) has been identified in 'Omän. From its order in this list it seems to correspond to Sib, 25 miles west of Masqat, the mediaeval name of which is uncertain (see Kashf al-Ghumma, ed. H. Klein (Hamburg, 1938), 62). Masqat is omitted in this list, but is mentioned on his return journey in 1347 (vol. IV, p. 310, Arabic). » #357 Ibn Baṭūṭah, Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh, The Travels of Ibn Battuta translated with revisions and notes, from the Arabic text edited by C. Defre´mery and B. R. Sanguinetti, by H. A. R. Gibb., Hakluyt Society:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, Cambridge:New Delhi, 1958- :1993 ~ vol. 2 p. 399 Al-Shuaiba : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -789624 coordinate: lat 29.0411111 long 48.1375 NIMA/GNS names: Al-Shuaiba , As Shu`aiba , Ash Shu`aiba , Ash Shu`aybah , Shaab , Shaabah , Sha'iba , Shauiba , Shi'aibah , Shu`aybah , Shuaiba , Shua'ibah , VARIANT names: Al-Shuaiba , UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 26.926341 long 56.94231 VARIANT names: Alt Karghun , ※ SOURCE for Alt Karghun coordinates from GE overlay of {map#1010 Ancient Hormoz, Carls, Hans-Georg, 1982, #302 Carls, Hans-Georg, Alt-Hormoz, ein historischer Hafen an der Strasse von Hormoz (Iran) : Retrospekt und Prospekt zu einem ungelosten archaologischen, geographischen und orientalischen Problem, Minerva Publikation, Munich, 1982 ~ map p. 130} Al-'Udaid : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -782284 coordinate: lat 24.6166667 long 51.4 NIMA/GNS names: Al `Udayd , Al Odeid , Al-`Udeid , Al-'Udaid , 'Odaid , VARIANT names: Al-'Udaid , Cadara , Goda , Gode , Godo , guoda , Kadara , Zubara , ※ SOURCE for Cadara « CADARA, a town of the Borgodi, Arahia, on Persicus sin., s.s. of Catara. Godo. » #682 Hazlitt, William, The Classical Gazetteer, A Dictionary of Ancient Sites, Whittaker and Co., 1851 ~ p. 84 ※ SOURCE for Goda « Goda » in {map#1090 Caart van D'INDISCHE ZEE van Cabo de goede Hoop, Johannes van Keulen II, 1753, Leen Helmink Antique Maps stock no. 19233} see AHduGP map 50 ※ SOURCE for Gode « Gode » in {map#1088 Indie Orientalie Penisola di qua del gange Larabia el´imperio del Gran Mogol / descritta secondo le relationi pui moderne, Nicolo de Fer, 1717, Biblioteca National de Portugal, Lisboa} see AHduGP map 70 ※ SOURCE for Godo « GODO, a town of Arabia, in the prov. of Lahsa, on the S coast of the Persian gult~ HO m. W of Tulfar. » #2685 ed. Member of the RGS, A Gazetteer of the World, or Dictionary of Geographical Knowledge Vol. III Derrygate-Hensall, A. Fullarton, Edinburgh, 1856 ~ p. 640 « Godo » in {map#837 Deliniantur in hac tabula, Orae maritimae Abexiae, freti Mecani: al. Maris Rubri: Arabiae Freti Mecani: al Maris Rubri: Arabiae, Ormi, Persiae, Supra Sindam usque . . ., Jan Huygen Van Linschoten, 1596, Barry Lawrence Ruderman stock# 81979} see AHduGP map 37 « Godo » in {map#963 221 Kaart van een gedeelte van den Persische Golf, van Mascate tot Bassora en van den Euphraat tot Rio Tanqueloca, Anoniem / Anonymous, 17th c, Nationaal Archief, 4.VELH nr 221} see AHduGP map 46 « Godo » in {map#1092 A draught of the gulf of Persia from cape Rosulgatt to Busero river, Anonymous English, 1721, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE SH 18 PF 209 DIV 2 P 11 D} see AHduGP map 91 ※ SOURCE for guoda « guoda » in {map#884 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 5V., Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see PMC vol. 2 EST 216 and AHduGP map 31 ※ SOURCE for Kadara « But, on its southern coast, we recover specific token of a Kedarite settlement, in the town of Kadara (now Godo) mentioned by Ptolemy, in the territory of the Ægæi, a palpable corruption for Agrcei, or Hagarites. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Duncan and Malcolm; Darf Publishers Limited, 1846; 1984 ~ vol. 1 p. 264 ※ SOURCE for Zubara « The coastal stretch of Qatif opposite Bahrain is the area where most of these places mentioned in European sources are situated. In the same area, a small town called Zubara was founded by members of the Utub tribe migrating from Kuwait in the second half of the eighteenth century. Godo on Dutch nautical charts of the seventeenth century is almost certainly either Khor Dawn or Khor al Udayd on the border between Qatar and the Emirates.(125) fn. 125 Niebuhr, Beschreibung, tab X1X;Kniphausen report fol. llv(=Floor, ’Description’, p. 177). Ferayhin is also mentioned in an Ottoman document of 1701: Aba Hussain, ‘Study‘, p. 102. Godo on ARA VEL 220 and Linschoten, Itineran‘o, map opposite p. 10. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 36 Alvand bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.341638 long 45.379168 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Alvand bridge , bridge , ※ SOURCE for bridge « Nous passons un beau pont de cinq arches sous lequel coule la rivière Dely-Ouent, qui avait à peu près quarante mètres de largeur. Elle prend sa source dans le mont Ridjao, et se jette dans la Diala près de Kizyl-Abad. [We pass a beautiful five-arched bridge under which flows the Dely-Ouent River, which was about forty meters wide. It rises in Mount Ridjao and flows into the Diala near Kizyl-Abad.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 223 Alwan : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.482694 long 45.711793 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Alwan , ※ SOURCE for Alwan « Alwan » in {map#1343 Reisen im Orient. von H. Petermann ; Nebst Einer Karte, Entworfen Von H. Kiepert. 2. Band, p. 243, 1861, } Alzin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052877 coordinate: lat 36.819217 long 48.985152 NIMA/GNS names: Alizin , Alzin , Alzin , الزین , VARIANT names: Alzin , Ambar Kalari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: -3195141 coordinate: lat 27.795278 long 55.141389 NIMA/GNS names: Ambar Kalari , Anbar-e Kalari , انبار كالاری , VARIANT names: Ambar Kalari , Ambeh Kalori , Chakir , ※ SOURCE for Ambeh Kalori « salty river winding about between high precipitous banks on our left. At 11 miles cross a nullah and pass up along the left bank of the river. At 12 miles leave the river and enter a ravine with high banks. Leave At 13 miles reach a small tank of fresh water called Ambeh Kalori. A little open ground here. Size of Ambeh about 16 feet by 12 feet, containing 4 feet of water. This is the usual camping place, but we dare not stop, and therefore push on after filling our water bags, and march up a narrow valley » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 12 ※ SOURCE for Chakir « Chakir 8 farsengs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 489 Ambeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.103701 long 54.452254 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ambeh , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Ambeh AT Harang lat 27.103701 long 54.452254 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Ambeh « 3. AMBEH | 15 | 45 | 5 hours.The road passes over ridges and some open grounds. Water is obtained from reservoir and wells. The encamping ground is in the open desert. No supplies. » #3461 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Routes in Persia, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1887 ~ p. 327 Amdhurra 46 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 750 146 converted to coordinate: lat 22.72966 long 58.70407 VARIANT names: Amdhurra 46 , ※ SOURCE for Amdhurra 46 « stones » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 48 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Amin Abad Caravanserai Yazd : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.672694 long 52.068447 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Amin Abad Caravanserai Yazd , ※ SOURCE for Amin Abad Caravanserai Yazd online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] Aminabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013530 coordinate: lat 32.751223 long 51.564713 NIMA/GNS names: Aminabad , امین آباد , VARIANT names: Aminabad , Aminabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052940 coordinate: lat 35.682175 long 52.564628 NIMA/GNS names: Aminabad , امين آباد , VARIANT names: Aminabad , Aminabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 153066 coordinate: lat 28.8272 long 52.5183 NIMA/GNS names: Aminabad , امین آباد , VARIANT names: Aminabad , Amnaabad , ※ SOURCE for Aminabad « Partis de Firūzābād, nous nous dirigeons vers la haute chaîne de Après la traversée du village d'Aminābād, nous passons à gué une large rivière, le Rüd-i Karikhlah; ensuite, longeant des champs cultivés ou laissés en friche, nous dépassons, à droite, les villages de Mushkün et de Naudaran. [Leaving Firūzābād, we head towards the high range of After crossing the village of Aminābād, we ford a wide river, the Rüd-i Karikhlah; then, skirting cultivated or fallow fields, we pass, on the right, the villages of Mushkūn and Naudaran.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 165 ※ SOURCE for Amnaabad « Le 6, je fis encore six petites lieues par un chemin aussi beau, et aussi aisé, que celui du jour précédent. Après trois lieues de marche, je traversai un grand village, nommé Amnaabad(1), c'est-à-dire, habitation sure, à cause d'une mai-son forte, en manière de chateau, qui y fut ba-tic il y a six vingts ans par Daoud Kan (2), frère du fameux Imam Koulikan, le généralissime d'A-bas-le-Grand; pour servir à chasser du pays des compagnies de voleurs, qui s'étoient rendues si formidables, qu'il n'y avoit ni caravanes de marchands, ni train de prince, qui pussent passer par là sans être volés, et souvent avec grand meurtre; à quoi Daoud Kan donna promptement si bon remède, que ce lieu qui étoit auparavant un coupe-gorge, devint très-assuré. On voit ce château sur le grand chemin, mais le dedans en est presque ruiné. Il fait face à un caravanserai, qui est des plus grands et des mieux bâtis du royaume.fn. 1 Anyu-dbé. Colonie de la foi, selon P. Della Valle (IV, pag. 303). La traduction de Chandin e préférable. Thisans place ce village à trois ighitch de Maqsood Beygy, et notant d'Yead-List. C. Le Brandit que co village spare Prese de la Posthide cu plate Triq A'djemy da Frutta xe C'est ainsi que les naturels d'expείσες (1)fn. 2 Vayer Del Khan, letom. Vit, pop, J. (1) [On the 6th, I traveled another six short leagues by a road as beautiful and as easy as that of the previous day. After three leagues of walking, I crossed a large village, named Amnaabad(1), that is to say, a safe habitation, because of a strong house, in the manner of a castle, which was built there six score years ago by Daoud Kan(2), brother of the famous Imam Koulikan, the generalissimo of A-bas-le-Grand; to serve to drive out of the country companies of robbers, who had become so formidable, that there were neither caravans of merchants, nor trains of princes, which could pass by there without being robbed, and often with great murder; to which Daoud Kan promptly gave such a good remedy, that this place which was previously a cut-throat, became very safe. One sees this castle on the main road, but the interior is almost ruined. It faces a caravanserai, one of the largest and best-built in the kingdom.fn. 1 Anyu-dbé. Colony of the Faith, according to P. Della Valle (IV, p. 303). Chandin's translation is preferable. Theseans place this village three miles from Maqsood Beygy, and note from Yead-List. C. Le Brandit that this village separates Prese de la Posthide from the flat Triq A'djemy da Frutta xe. This is how the natives of expeis (1)fn. 2 Vayer Del Khan, letom. Vit, pop, J. (1)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 203-4 Aminabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052924 coordinate: lat 31.6736 long 52.0653 NIMA/GNS names: Aminabad , امین آباد , VARIANT names: Amenabad , Aminabad , Amno-baut , ※ SOURCE for Amenabad « Il martedi mattina, un poco tardi, dopo aver camminato otto leghe, ci posanimo nella villa Amenabad, che s'interpreta Colonia di fede, e ci trattenemmo il giorno in un giardino che sta in mezzo tra la villa ed un castello che ivi è. [On Tuesday morning, a little late, after having walked eight leagues, we stopped at the Amenabad villa, which is interpreted as the Colony of Faith, and we spent the day in a garden which is between the villa and a castle which is there.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 241 ※ SOURCE for Aminabad « Beyond Maksudbegi the country is cultivated for 3 miles, beyond which, at 12 miles, is Aminabad, a deserted village with a masonry caravansarai built by Shah Abbas, fast falling into ruins. This is the last village in Irak, and the road at a short distance beyond it enters the province of Fars » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 187 ※ SOURCE for Amno-baut « Next day (through De Moxalbeg) we got to Amno baut (by fome cald Boyall) a village of thirty families, all of them apoftat Georgians, inclofd, to exclude their ſhame, by a high, ttrong, round wall raifd with battlements, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 148 Aminoddole Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.984205 long 51.448815 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Aminoddole Caravanserai , Amir Shahsavar Gheyb : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083166 coordinate: lat 28.1934 long 52.3353 NIMA/GNS names: Amir Shahsavar Gheyb , Savar Gheib , Savar Gheyb , Savar-e Gheyb , Savar-i-Ghaib , امیر شهسوار غیب , VARIANT names: Amir Shahsavar Gheyb , Amirabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013529 coordinate: lat 32.890428 long 51.554286 NIMA/GNS names: Amirabad , امیر آباد , VARIANT names: Amirabad , ※ SOURCE for Amirabad « The mud post-houses of Gez at twelve miles, and Amirabad at about twenty-four, were both mere centres of uninteresting wastes. Not wishing to travel all night, I decided to oc???? the rather squalid chapar khaneh at Murchakar, after a journey of something like forty miles, » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 291 Amirabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052963 coordinate: lat 29.2174 long 55.8485 NIMA/GNS names: Amirabad , امیر آباد , VARIANT names: Amirabad , Salabad , ※ SOURCE for Amirabad ref1511p655 ※ SOURCE for Salabad « At the 21st mile the village of Abbassabad lay three quarters of a mile to our left, and at the 23rd that of Salabad 1 mile on the same side, half a mile N. of which is a white isolated rock rising from the plain. At the 24th mile the small village Darestan occurred, and at the 26th that of Malekabad, where we alighted. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 63 NIMA/GNS feature: PPLC independent coordinate: lat 23.613874 long 58.5922 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Amithoscuta , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Amithoscuta AT east Africa lat long [v. Wissman, Potts], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Amithoscuta AT Muscat lat 23.613874 long 58.5922 [Miles], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Amithoscuta AT Muscat lat 23.613874 long 58.5922 [Forster], ※ SOURCE for Amithoscuta « Amithoscuta is Muscat, as is also the Cryptus Portus of Ptolemy, an identification too generally admitted to require demonstration. » #807 Miles, Samuel Barrett, Note on Pliny's Geography of the East Coast of Arabia, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, London, 157-172 ~ p. 169 « The next passage, beginning with the 'regio Amithoscatta', appears to be a list of toponyms in east Africa. Amithoscatta was identified by Miles with Muscat,(211) although this was later questioned by K. Vollers.(212) Von Wissmann has since convincingly, associated the entire group of 'Amithoscatta, Damnia, Mizi maiores et mmores, Drimati' with east Africa, locating Amithoscatta in northern Madagascar, Damnia on the modern island of Damuni, Mizi at Wa-Mizi, a small island off the coast south of Kilwa, and Drimati on the mainland.(213) fn. 211 Miles, 'Note on Pliny's Geography', 169. fn. 212 Vollers, review of Reinhardt, Ein arabischer Dialekt gesprochen In 'Oman, 485: 'unsicher ist die Vergleichung mit dem Amithoscuta des Plinius'. fn. 213 Von Wissmann, 'Die Siidgrenze', 319 H., map 1; cf. id., 'Zangenae', 1340-5 and the map at 1343-4. » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ vol. 2 pp. 312-3 « The Sabæan emporium of Acilla (in his day the central point, on this coast, of Indian navigation *) is placed by Pliny in juxtaposition with the regio Amithoscuta. But the name of Acilla answers to Al Ceti, and that of Amithoscuta to Al Muscat, neighbouring seaports of Oman, between the Moiesur and Sib rivers, parted from each other by the narrow interval of only between two and three miles. This double coincidence decides the identity of Amithoscuta with Muscat ; which has long superseded Al Ceti, as the mart of Indian commerce. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Duncan and Malcolm; Darf Publishers Limited, 1846; 1984 ~ vol. 2 p. 231 Amq : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786182 coordinate: lat 24.440532 long 56.67276 NIMA/GNS names: `Amq , `Umq , عمق , VARIANT names: Ammock , Amq , ※ SOURCE for Ammock « Going to the south from Nabor for about 3 miles one finds a place called Ammock,38 where one also may get fresh water. From Ammock till Soar39 is about 3½ miles, where fresh water is also to be had. (3374) fn. 38 'Amq. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 304-5 Amri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052912 coordinate: lat 30.164844 long 50.183714 NIMA/GNS names: `Ameri , Ameri , Amri , عامری , VARIANT names: Amri , An Niba' 47a : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 742 162 converted to coordinate: lat 22.74419 long 58.69646 VARIANT names: An Niba' 47a , ※ SOURCE for An Niba' 47a « Habitation site, rectangular walling, tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 48 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 An Niba' 47b : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 742 165 converted to coordinate: lat 22.7469 long 58.6965 VARIANT names: An Niba' 47b , ※ SOURCE for An Niba' 47b « Habitation site, rectangular walling, tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 48 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 An Niba' 49 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 720 147 converted to coordinate: lat 22.73087 long 58.67488 VARIANT names: An Niba' 49 , ※ SOURCE for An Niba' 49 « Tombs (3 skin wall), beehive tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 49 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 An Nuqdah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 336156 coordinate: lat 20.850018 long 58.717889 NIMA/GNS names: An Najdah , An Nuqdah , النجدة , VARIANT names: al-Nuqdah , An Nuqdah , ※ SOURCE for al-Nuqdah the site « al-Nuqdah » in the (map [863] A map showing the Arabian Sea coast from Ras al-Hadd to Bar al-Hikman., Hélène David, 2012, in #2647 Vincent Charpentier, Jean-François Berger, Rémy Crassard, Marc Lacaze and Gourguen Davtian, Prehistory and palaeo-geography of the coastal fringes of the Wahiba Sands and Bar al-Hikman, Sultanate of Oman, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2012 vol. 42:pp. 57-78 ~) Anabaegem : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.276646 long 55.399508 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Anabaegem , ※ SOURCE for Anabaegem « 1 Farsach von hier lassen wir rechts Anabaegem Dorf, dem Ban- darschen Sja Bandar Myrsa Mortusa (Schâh-Bandar [=Hofkommandant] Mirsâ Mortasa) gehörig. [1 Farsach from here we leave Anabaegem village on the right, belonging to the Bandar Sja Bandar Myrsa Mortusa (Shâh-Bandar [=court commander] Mirsâ Mortasa).] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 124 Anahita Temple : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 29.78005 long 51.575669 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Anahita Temple , Anar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053128 coordinate: lat 30.870659 long 55.270247 NIMA/GNS names: Anar , انار , VARIANT names: Anar , ※ SOURCE for Anar « 22. For this group Ist., 161, gives Unās, K.rdakan, and Bimand. Under § 29, 44., too, Anar stands in our text for Ist.'s Unās (but cf. Tās in § 5, 11.). The name Bimand (Mimand) is firmly attested in numerous Muslim writers; our کوتميذن may be a compound * Kut-Mimand or * Kūh-Mimand. Maq., 464, particularly speaks of the strong position of Mimand. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 376 Travellers and caravans now always go by the eastern road viâ Anár and Bahrámábád. Before the Sefavíehs (i.e. before A.D. 1500) the Anár road was hardly, if ever, used; travellers always took the Báfk road. The country from Yazd to Anár, 97 miles, seems to have been totally uninhabited before the Sefavíehs. Anár, as late as A.D. 1340, is mentioned as the frontier place of Kermán to the north, on the confines of the Yazd desert. When Sháh Abbás had caravanserais built at three places between Yazd and Anár (Zein ud-dín, Kermán-sháhán, and Shamsh), the eastern road began to be neglected." (Cf. Major Sykes' _Persia_, ch. xxiii.)--H. C.] Anardara : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3368582 coordinate: lat 32.7622222 long 61.6525 NIMA/GNS names: Anar Darrah , Anar Darreh , Anardara , Anardarra , Saykh Abad , VARIANT names: Anardara , Anarestan carvanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.389762 long 53.497996 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Anarestan carvanserai کاروانسرای انارستان VARIANT names: Anarestan carvanserai , Anda : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053177 coordinate: lat 27.238518 long 53.513172 NIMA/GNS names: Anda , Anda , آندا , VARIANT names: Anda , Andika : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053210 coordinate: lat 32.19087 long 49.552093 NIMA/GNS names: Andika , اندیکا , VARIANT names: Andika , Anduhjerd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053216 coordinate: lat 30.231963 long 57.753695 NIMA/GNS names: Andigird , Anduhjerd , اندوهجرد , VARIANT names: Anduhjerd , Angali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053218 coordinate: lat 29.2783 long 50.9628 NIMA/GNS names: Angali , انگالی , VARIANT names: Angali , Angali canal : stream grp 23 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.196374 long 51.038207 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Angali canal , ※ SOURCE for Angali canal [ « Angali canal » coordinate lat 29.205495° long 51.037137° is appoximate midway position from Ship at coordinate lat 29.07127°, long 50.89956° at a bearing of 41.8 degrees to lat 29.330922°, long 51.164521° some 40 kms (25 miles) as detailed in {map#1122 Fig. B - The hinterland of Bushire with the Angali canal., , 1987, #3000 Donald Whitcomb, Bushire and the Angali Canal, Mesopotamia, 1987 22:pp. 311-36 ~}. PBR] « The so-called Angali Canal was investigated during the 2004 survey and found not to exist. The features observed by Whitcomb relate to a road and rail system used to supply the Bushehr Peninsula, which channelled goods from the hinterland down to the small port of Shif and thence to the peninsula (see below). This route may have had earlier origins. ... The putative Sasanian routeway across the Angali Plain to Shif was used as a route to Bushehr in recent centuries, as noted in the introduction. It is visible as a linear feature on CORONA satellite images from the 1960s, and is the basis for Whitcomb’s “Angali Canal” (Whitcomb 1987). The feature was examined on the ground at several locations during the 2004 season. The lack of any traces of a canal along the linear feature, in the form of ditches, hydraulic works or linear upcast mounds argues against his interpretation, as does the absence of any sign of an aqueduct to take the water from Shif across the tidal flats to Bushehr, not to mention the difficulty in raising sufficient quantities of water 12 m. up from the deeply cut bed of the Dalaki to the surrounding land surface. There are other objections which can be raised against Whitcomb’s hypothesis.(19) fn. 19 These include the lack of textual evidence: there is no reason to assume that Arrian’s text is corrupt (contra Whitcomb 1987: 331). Whitcomb did not consider other possible origins of the linear feature, such as ancient and recent trackways to Shif, and the early 20th century railway. » #2872 Carter, R.A., K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman, H. Tofighian, The Bushehr Hinterland: Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November- December 2004, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 44:pp. 63-103 ~ pp. 2 and 34 Angooran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053237 coordinate: lat 27.2338 long 55.8216 NIMA/GNS names: Abadani , Angooran , Anguran , Anguru , آبادانی , انگرن , انگوران , VARIANT names: Angooran , Anjirband : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3766847 coordinate: lat 27.7249 long 52.8562 NIMA/GNS names: Anjirband , انجیربند , VARIANT names: Anjirband , Anjireh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3759761 coordinate: lat 29.32 long 52.6981 NIMA/GNS names: Anjireh , Qeshlaq-e Anjireh , انجیره , VARIANT names: Anjireh , Anjireh brick Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.153257 long 54.477117 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Anjireh Brick Caravanserai کاروانسرای آجری انجیره VARIANT names: Anjireh brick Caravanserai , caravanserai Engyra , Karawanenhaltepunkt Robat Andjireh , ※ SOURCE for caravanserai Engyra « Früh morgens tra ten wir in der Caravanſeray Engyra ab. [Early in the morning we departed from the Caravanſeray Engyra.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 64 ※ SOURCE for Karawanenhaltepunkt Robat Andjireh « Karawanenhaltepunkt Robat Andjireh (Taf. 8,3.4; 9,1-3) (Abb. 4; 66) (33)Lage: 15 km nordöstlich von Howz-e Djaffar, 32 km südwestlich von Kharanaq, in + 1300 m ü. N. N., an der Ka-rawanenstraße von Yazd nach Tabas und nach Mashhad. Robat Andjireh liegt 30 km östlich Aliabad, an der Haupt-straße Ardakan - Yazd.Am Ort sind zu unterscheiden: Das safavidische bis qadjarische Karavanserail und der vorsafavidische Achteckbau. Dazwischen liegen Lehmziegelruinen, ein Caparkha. neh, ein Wachtturm, ein Quellhaus, Ruinen von Ziegel-öfen und nahe von Quellen die Reste einer Wasserleitung (Abb. 66).Das Karavanserail:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, wobei der östliche Iwan das Treppenhaus in die außerhalb des Kara-vanserails gelegene Zisterne enthält. Sechs Stallabteilungen sind voneinander getrennt und durch einen umlaufenden, zum Hof hin offenen, nur durch Podeste vom Hof ge trennten Umgang zugänglich. An den Ecken stehen runde Türme, über dem Eingang ist eine Kuppel gespannt (Abb. 67).Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Turmvorsprünge 68,50 × 62 m, Hofabmessungen 37 × 29 m. Der umlaufende Gang ist 3,40 m breit. Die Kuppel über dem Eingang hat einen Durchmesser von 6 m und ist 8,10 m hoch. Die Eingangsfront erreicht eine Höhe von 7,30 m (Abb. 68), die Hoffassaden sind 6,10 m hoch. Die Zisterne ist 9,40 m tief, wird durch Oberflächenwasser gespeist und besitzt drei Windtürme zur Belüftung (Abb. 68).Baumaterial: Gebrannte Ziegel (22/22/5,5 cm). Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Die Zisterne, außerhalb des Karavanserails gelegen, ist nur vom Hof des Karavanserails aus zugänglich. Der Bau ist in gutem Zustand und wird von einer islamischen Einrichtung genutzt. Inschriften: Keine bekannt. Datierung: Spätsafavidisch bis qadjarisch.fn. 33 Die Bauten in Robat Andjireh wurden am 12. und 13-4-1975 und am 25.2.1984 vermessen. [Caravan stop Robat Andjireh (Plates 8,3.4; 9,1-3) (Fig. 4; 66) (33) Location: 15 km northeast of Howz-e Djaffar, 32 km southwest of Kharanaq, at +1300 m above sea level, on the caravan route from Yazd to Tabas and to Mashhad. Robat Andjireh is located 30 km east of Aliabad, on the main road from Ardakan to Yazd. The following can be distinguished at the site: the Safavid to Qajar caravanserai and the pre-Safavid octagonal building. In between lie mud-brick ruins, a caparkha, a watchtower, a spring house, ruins of brick kilns, and, near springs, the remains of an aqueduct (Fig. 66). The Caravanserai: Type: Courtyard caravanserai with four iwans, the eastern iwan containing the stairwell to the cistern located outside the caravanserai. Six stable sections are separated from each other and accessible via a surrounding walkway open to the courtyard and separated from it only by landings. Round towers stand at the corners, and a dome is spanned over the entrance (Fig. 67). Dimensions: External dimensions without tower projections: 68.50 × 62 m, courtyard dimensions: 37 × 29 m. The surrounding walkway is 3.40 m wide. The dome above the entrance has a diameter of 6 m and is 8.10 m high. The entrance facade reaches a height of 7.30 m (Fig. 68), and the courtyard facades are 6.10 m high. The cistern is 9.40 m deep, is fed by surface water, and has three wind towers for ventilation (Fig. 68). Construction material: Fired bricks (22 x 22 x 5.5 cm). Structural features and condition: The cistern, located outside the caravanserai, is only accessible from the caravanserai courtyard. The building is in good condition and is used by an Islamic institution. Inscriptions: None known. Dating: Late Safavid to Qajar. fn. 33 The buildings at Robat Andjireh were surveyed on April 12 and 13, 1975, and on February 25, 1984.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 48 Anjireh Sangi Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.162254 long 54.484079 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Anjireh Sangi Caravanserai کاروانسرای انجیره سنگی VARIANT names: Anjireh Sangi Caravanserai , Robat Andjireh o(ld) , ※ SOURCE for Robat Andjireh o(ld) « Der Achteckbau:Typ: Unregelmäßiges Oktogon mit vorgezogenem Portalbau und halbrunden Risaliten, die teilweise jüngere Anbauten sind. Der Bau hat vier Stallräume und drei Wohnräume (Abb. 69).Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Vorsprünge 28,50 × 27,50 m, Hofabmessungen 13,30 × 11,70 m, maximale Höhe des Gebäudes 5,70 m (Abb. 70).Baumaterial: Bruchstein und Ziegel. Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Sehr stark ver-fallen. Inschriften: Keine bekannt. Datierung: Wahrscheinlich vorsafavidisch, Vorgänger-bau des großen Karavanserails. [The octagonal building: Type: Irregular octagon with a projecting portal and semicircular projections, some of which are later additions. The building has four stables and three living quarters (Fig. 69). Dimensions: External dimensions without projections 28.50 × 27.50 m, courtyard dimensions 13.30 × 11.70 m, maximum building height 5.70 m (Fig. 70). Building material: Rubble stone and brick. Structural features and condition: Very badly dilapidated. Inscriptions: None known. Dating: Probably pre-Safavid, predecessor of the great caravanserai.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 49 another caravanserai was built (Rebelo) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.959959 long 53.212888 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: another caravanserai was built (Rebelo) , ※ SOURCE for another caravanserai was built (Rebelo) another caravanserai was built (Rebelo) another caravanserai was built (Rebelo) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.997449 long 53.085581 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: another caravanserai was built (Rebelo) , ※ SOURCE for another caravanserai was built (Rebelo) « Nous reprimes notre chemin au quart de l'aube et nous arrêtâmes à une source de très bonne eau, près de laquelle on bâtissait un autre caravansérail. [We resumed our journey at quarter to dawn and stopped at a source of very good water, near which another caravanseraiwas built. ] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 115 Anoushirvan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.743121 long 51.559237 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Anoushirvan , Emchirvan , Nuschirvan , ※ SOURCE for Anoushirvan « Anoushirvan » in {map#1345 in #3345 Siroux, Maxime, Anciennes voies et monuments routiers de la région d'Ispahân, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1971 ~ fig. Carte II Anciennes Routes vers Ispahan} ※ SOURCE for Emchirvan « Am Ende dieser fruchtbaren Strecke liegt das blühende Städtchen Nuschirvan (Emchirvan bei Dupré), 5 Stunden fern von der Stadt, wo die erste Station, die ges wöhnlich mit zahlreichen Pilgern, welche diese Route nach Kers [At the end of this fertile route lies the flourishing town of Nuschirvan (Emchirvan near Dupré), five hours from the city, where the first station, usually filled with numerous pilgrims taking this route to Kers, is located.] » #3536 Carl Ritter, Band VI. Zweite Abtheilung. Drittes Buch. West Asien. Iranische Welt., G. Reimer, Berlin, 1840 ~ p. 59 « On passe sur de petits ponts plu sieurs canaux d'irrigation. Après le premier, sont deux caravansérails, et plus loin le village d'Emchirvan. [We pass over small bridges several irrigation canals. After the first, there are two caravanserais, and further on the village of Emchirvan.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 289 ※ SOURCE for Nuschirvan « Am Ende dieser fruchtbaren Strecke liegt das blühende Städtchen Nuschirvan (Emchirvan bei Dupré), 5 Stunden fern von der Stadt, wo die erste Station, die ges wöhnlich mit zahlreichen Pilgern, welche diese Route nach Kers [At the end of this fertile route lies the flourishing town of Nuschirvan (Emchirvan near Dupré), five hours from the city, where the first station, usually filled with numerous pilgrims taking this route to Kers, is located.] » #3536 Carl Ritter, Band VI. Zweite Abtheilung. Drittes Buch. West Asien. Iranische Welt., G. Reimer, Berlin, 1840 ~ p. 59 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 30.366667 long 52.883333 VARIANT names: Anshan , ※ SOURCE for Anshan Largest known Proto-Elamite site was Tall-i Malyan in later periods known as Anshan #429 p. 78 « Anshan (Tall-i Maiyan), (Iran) 30° 11' N 52° 53' E » #429 Roaf, Michael, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1996, pp. 65, 73, 79, 102, 134, 138 and 230 also pp. 97, 102 for Anshan, the region NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 36.233334 long 36.116669 VARIANT names: Antioch , ※ SOURCE for Antioch owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Antioch, 36.116669, 36.233334, TR, nkn, exact, 1, tmcIRa0100_012a » NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 37.616669 long 62.166668 VARIANT names: Antiochia Margiana , ※ SOURCE for Antiochia Margiana owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Antiochia Margiana, 62.166668, 37.616669, IR, nkn, exact, 620, tmcIRa0100_005a » Anveh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053322 coordinate: lat 27.395318 long 54.286871 NIMA/GNS names: Anveh , Naveh , Sheykh `Ali , انوه , شیخ علی , نوه , VARIANT names: Anaui , Anoe , Anveh , Anwe , ※ SOURCE for Anaui « I went down into a plain. I had started traveling at the 22nd hour. At the 3rd hour of night I stopped in a caravanserai called Parao, which was beautiful like the others. From there at the 21st hour of the 5th I left, and we trav eled until the second hour of the night, when we arrived at a beautiful car avanserai in Anveh, a large town. (9) fn. 9. Bembo's "Anaui," a town south of Lar in southern Iran. to. Bembo calls it "Cormu." The town is just to the south of Lar. 11. Lar is situated more than 900 m above sea level on a plain separated by mountains from the Gulf.» #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 292 ※ SOURCE for Anoe « Per un piano popolato di varj Villaggi caniminammo 15.miglia il Giovedi 7. e dopo aver paſſata una ſtrabbocchevole montagna, e fatte altre 15.miglia, albergamo nel Caſale, e Karvanſerà d'Anoè: una lenta pioggia ne accompagnò per più ore di ſtrada. [Through a plain populated with various villages we drove 15 miles on Thursday 7th and after having passed a very large mountain, and after another 15 miles, we stayed in Caſale, and Karvanſerà d'Anoè: a slow rain accompanied us for several hours of the road .] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. pp. 273-4 ※ SOURCE for Anwe « The march then lay up a valley near a river, on which stood Anwe, a village close to which are some flour-mills worked by a sulphur spring on the river's bank. The fish I noticed were all black. I shot several, which were good eating. » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 25 Apostana : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none UFI: -3087332 coordinate: lat 27.233401 long 52.803245 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Tabin , Bandar-e Teben , Bandar-e-Teben , Bundar Tibben , Taban , Tabin , Teben , Tibin , Tibin , بندر تبن , بندر تبين , تبن , تبن , تبين , تيبين , VARIANT names: Apostana , Apóstani , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Apostana AT Bundar Tibben lat 27.233401 long 52.803245 [Gossellin], ※ SOURCE for Apostana « APOSTANA, a maritime town of Persis, bet. Areon ft. and Bagrada fl. » #682 Hazlitt, William, The Classical Gazetteer, A Dictionary of Ancient Sites, Whittaker and Co., 1851, ~ p. 41 « LE PORT Apostana où Néarque parvint après 450 stades, est le Bender Tibben de Niebuhr (2) ; et quoique Tibben ne soit plus aujourd'hui qu'un village, la qualification de Bender ou de port qu'il conserve, annonce que c'est un lieu de relâche, où les vaisseaux se trouvent en sûreté. [THE PORT Apostana, where Nearchus reached after 450 stadia, is the Bender Tibben of Niebuhr (2); and though Tibben is no longer today that a village, the qualification of Bender or port that it keeps, announces that it is a place of rest, where the ships find safe.] fn. (2) Niebuhr, Descr, de l'Arabie, p. 272. » #2703 P.-F.-J. Gossellin, Recherches sur la géographie systématique et positive des anciens. Tome 3 / ; pour servir de base à l'histoire de la géographie ancienne., Impr. de la République, 1798-1813, ~ vol. 3 p. 78 « After the fleet has crossed into Persia, in the harbour of Apostana, which should be located to the South of Asaluyeh, the Macedonian admiral (XXXVIII, 5) sees several boats (ploia polla), which were evidently meant for transportation or commerce 46. fn. 46 Schiwek 1962, 70. » #3444 Callieri, Pierfrancesco, Maritime and Overland Routes around the Persian Gulf in the Achaemenid Period in Monumentum Gregorianum. Sbornik nauchnyx statej pamjati akademika Grigorija Maksimovicha Bongard-Levina, 2013 ~ p. 131 ※ SOURCE for Apóstani « This same chart, which marks a village here, marks a second without a name half way between the Darabin and Cape Nabon; and this second is the place called Shevoo by Captain Simmons (204). “About half way from hence [the Darabin] to Cape Nabon is Shevoo (205), where good water may be got.” These are his own words, and here, unless Shevoo (206) is misapplied, we get a situation from Harvey, and a name from Simmons. The posi tion of this village, be its name what it may, answers to the Apóstani of Arrian, and the facility of obtaining good water here, is a sufficient reason for finding it frequented by the country vessels in the age of Nearchus, or at the present hour. fn. 204 Ives, p. 205. mentions Shewee previous to Nabon, as a small fishing-town. His account is not distinct. fn. 205 See Dalrymple's Preface, p. 13, note. 305 fn. 206 The reason for supposing Shevoo may be misapplicd is its resemblance to Sherouw and Chetow. At Sherouw below Darabin, Van Keulen writes, -hier is water van kuylen, in pits or tanks. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 pp 381-2 Aqr : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786217 coordinate: lat 24.80935 long 56.43813 NIMA/GNS names: `Aqr , Al `Aqr , Al `Aqur , العقر , VARIANT names: Aqr , ※ SOURCE for Aqr « To al-'Aqr four parasangs.(3)To Kalbah four parasangs. fn3. I.e. from Sohar. About 15 miles N of Asrar (Lorimer map). » #2350 Yusuf ibn Yaʿqub Ibn al-Mujawir ed G. Rex Smith, A traveller in thirteenth-century Arabia : Ibn al-Mujawir's Tarikh al-mustabṣir / translated from Oscar Lo¨fgren's Arabic text and edited with revisions and annotations, Ashgate, Aldershot, 2008 ~ p. 282 « The other ports on this coast only receive the briefest notices and then only amongst the later Arab authors-Ibn Mujawir, Yaqut and Ibn Battuta. Ibn Mujawir (p. 287) gives us a coastal itinerary which went from al-'Aqr to Kalba, to Khawr Fukkan, to Lima, each four parasangs apart and thence eight parasangs to Julfar (reading Zufar as an orthographic error for Julfar. » #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, The Geographical Journal, London, 1964 130:3:337-49 ~ p.346 « … also, that Nasir did not gain control over the whole of Nizwa at this time. He had approached it from the south and had settled in al -'Aqr, in lower Nizwa, whereas his previous attempt had been from the north. With a base in al-'Aqr, the seat of many former Imams, he was in a strong position to institute Imamate government in the heart of the country. But before he could do this, he had to deal with a rebellion by the chief family of al-'Aqr, the Banu bu Sa'id » #2816 Bathurst, Raymond Denis, The Ya’rubi dynasty of Oman, (unpublished thesis), University of Oxford, 1967 ~ p. 59 Arab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053482 coordinate: lat 28.6915 long 52.6676 NIMA/GNS names: `Arab , `Arab Fathabad , Fathabad-e `Arab , فتح آباد عرب , VARIANT names: Arab , Arabi , ※ SOURCE for Arabi « Arabi …. 14 miles S.-E. of Firüzābād, Route No. 37. » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 167 Arabi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.935631 long 53.259175 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Arabi , ※ SOURCE for Arabi « At 3 miles Arabi on the E. bank of the river. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 [stage distance 17½ miles actual length 22.3 miles. corrected to 3.8 miles. PBR] Arabi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3754546 coordinate: lat 28.935631 long 53.259175 VARIANT names: Arabi , ※ SOURCE for Arabi « At 3 miles Arabi on the E. bank of the river. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 [stage distance 17½ miles actual length 22.3 miles. corrected to 3.8 miles. PBR] Arabian Gulf : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: SEA UFI: -786220 coordinate: lat 20 long 65 NIMA/GNS names: Arabian Sea , Arabian Sea , Arabian Sea , Arabian Sea , Arabian Sea , Arabian Sea , Arabian Sea , Bahr al `Arab , Bahr al `Arab , Bahr al `Arab , Bahr al `Arab , Bahr al `Arab , Bahr al `Arab , Darya-ye `Arab , Mare Arabico , Mare Arabico , Mare Arabico , Mare Arabico , Mare Arabico , Mare Arabico , Mer d' Arabie , Mer d' Arabie , Mer d' Arabie , Mer d' Arabie , Mer d' Arabie , Mer d' Arabie , VARIANT names: Arabian Gulf , Bahr Faris , Persian Gulf , ※ SOURCE for Bahr Faris « BAHR FARIS, the Persian Gulf, in which MasudI includes the Gulf of Uman; Istakhri and Ibn Hawkal apply the name to the whole Indian Ocean (Bahr al-Hind) ». #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Brill, Leiden, 1986 ~ vol. 1, p. 927 ※ SOURCE for Persian Gulf « BAHR FARIS, the Persian Gulf, in which MasudI includes the Gulf of Uman; Istakhri and Ibn Hawkal apply the name to the whole Indian Ocean (Bahr al-Hind) ». #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Brill, Leiden, 1986 ~ vol. 1, p. 927 The Arabs simplified cosmography by dividing the Indian Ocean into seven seas. They called the first (their own sea, the Persian Gulf) Bahr Faris, in which lay five ports of great fame : Busra, Bahrain, Siraf, Sohar, and Muscat. #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p.366 « The Persian Gulf itself is described in considerable detail. At the outset, Mas‘udi states that in shape it is a triangle, with the apex at Ubulla; it is 1,400 miles long, and at its widest point is 500 miles across, narrowing to 150 miles. The Straits of Hormuz are actually only 29 miles across, and it is hard to imagine where he got these exaggerated figures from, unless that of 1,400 miles relates to the distance between Ubulla and the mouth of the Indus, extending right through what we now know as the Persian Gulf, the Sea of Oman, and the Arabian Sea. Arad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053514 coordinate: lat 27.727801 long 53.627016 NIMA/GNS names: Arad , Ard , Erad , Irad , Ird , ارد , VARIANT names: Arad , Arat , ※ SOURCE for Arat « Tracts cultivated with wheat, barley, and tobacco, now alternate with grass-land, till at 10 miles 1 furlong, we come to the outskirts of Arat, and fairly well built town of about 900 inhabitants, lying near the foot of the range Khunj on the northern side of the valley. Altitude 2,625 feet. The houses, of stone or sun- dried bricks, are substantially built. The fort, a square building with turrets at the four corners, is just beyond the eastern outskirts of the town. There is also a cistern full of good water. Supplies moderate. Water good and plentiful. Fuel rather scanty. Cultiva- tion good. Grazing good. Camping-ground good. NOTE-Three roads branch off from Arat to Lar, viz.:-(1) Rah-i-Barrisgun. (2) Rah- i-Balangestan. (3) Rah-i-Mabada. Road (3) is traversed in this route. Passing through Arat, the road then skirts the low hills of limy sandstone lying at the foot of the range Khunj. The valley to south of the road, which is over gravelly ground, is green with alternate tracts of cultivation and grass-land, and is about 3 miles broad. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 99 Arad chehar taghi ? : place IRN (chahar taq) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.73086 long 53.6246 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Arad chehar taghi ? , Arad Fort : place BHR NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: -785019 coordinate: lat 26.2525 long 50.6269444 NIMA/GNS names: Arad Fort , Qal`at `Arad , VARIANT names: Arad Fort , ※ SOURCE for Arad Fort « By about the fifteenth/sixteenth centuries, Qal'at al-Bahrain had ceased to be regarded as the only position of strategic value in the immediate area: another fort had been constructed on the island of Muharraq, the fort of Arad, the ancient name of the island, fig. 161. This construction took place at a particularly dramatic period in the history of Bahrain, when the Ottomans, Persians and Portuguese were contesting control of the Island, at that time held by the Banu Djaber. It became important to have a base from which to reconquer Bahrain and its fortress, and Arad was chosen, as it was accessible to deepwater shipping. The fortress, as shown on Portuguese miniatures, is depicted as having a double enceinte: traces were found a few years ago under the present Arad Fort.(11) This present fort, which dates from the very beginning of the last century, was no more than a reconstruction of the inner enceinte of the old fort. fig. 159 The Arad fortress 11.Those soundings, carried out in 1978 by the Museum of Bahrain and the French Expedition will be published soon. » #2924 ed. Shaikha Haya Ali Al Khalifa and Michael Rice, Bahrain Through the Ages The Archaeology, Routledge, London, 1986, ~ pp. 466 and 468 « 'Arad [Name.] In the middle of a promontory from the south side of the island between. the bays of Faki- kah and 'Arad. [Position.] 100 huts of Baharinah who are date. growers, fishermen and pearl divers. [Nature.] There are three date plantations, estimated to contain over 12,000 trees, and a ruined rectangular fort with sides about 90 feet long; the latter is at the eastern point of 'Arad bay. 'Arad was formerly the name of the whole of Muharraq Island. [Remarks] » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917 ~ p. 1261 « The tell of Qala’at al-Bahrain, the ancient capital of Bahrain, is today dominated by a sixteenth-century fort, but closer to the coast lie the plundered remains of another fortress which was partly excavated by a Danish mission in 1955–57 and 1970 (1), and then completely uncovered by a French mission in 1978– 1986 (2). The dating of this fortress has been the source of a long-standing debate between archaeologists working in Bahrain. » #2925 Flemming Højlund, The dating of the Coastal Fortress at Qala'at al-Bahrain: Sasanian or Islamic?, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2006 ~ p. 238 Arad fort ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.731552 long 53.62937 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: kolateh کلاته VARIANT names: Arad fort ? , Arakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053661 coordinate: lat 32.584444 long 53.247222 NIMA/GNS names: Arakan , Arkan , آراكان , اركان , VARIANT names: Arakan , Arekan , ※ SOURCE for Arekan « Hier auff kamen wir gen Arekan, woselbst nichts als etliche Hutten der Ackerleute zu sehen war. Das Waffer war gut. Zu allem andrem aber/waren die Einwohner verdrußlich. [From here we came to Arekan, where nothing could be seen but a few farmers' huts. The water was good, but on top of everything else, the inhabitants were gloomy.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 62 Aram Rud : stream grp 8 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 28.869581 long 51.24166 VARIANT names: Aram Rud , ※ SOURCE for Aram Rud « Aram Rud » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Siraz 444-C Aramerachu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.064922 long 52.955517 VARIANT names: Aramerachu , ※ SOURCE for Aramerachu « Aramerachu » in {map#1229 Iran and Turan Oder: Persien, Afghanistan, Balutschistan, Turkestan, Stieler, Adolf, 1875, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 13563.083 fig. } « Aramerachu » in {map#1235 in #3190 Alexander Supan, August Petermann, Hermann Haack, Nikolaus Creutzburg, Paul Langhans, Petermann's geographische Mittheilungen Ergänzungsheft, Justus Perthes, 1885 ~ fig. Übersichtskarte der Verkehrs-Verhältnisse von Persien.} Aravjun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055385 coordinate: lat 30.327327 long 54.196299 NIMA/GNS names: Aravjun , Barakan Herabarjan , Torkan , Torkan-e Herabarjan , Torkan-e-Harabarjan , Torkun , Towrkan , Turkan , تركان , VARIANT names: Aravirjun , Aravjun , ※ SOURCE for Aravirjun « we thence left the salt expanse to the east, and rode along the skirt of the hills, halting at two villages termed Árávirjun,(1) which lie close together.Towards the end of the fifteenth century, the Venetian travellerJosafa Barbaro apparently passed this way to Yezd, as, uponleaving Dehbid "twoo daies jorney further ye come to a placecalled Vargari (or Vargan) which in tyme past, hath been a greatand a faire towne; but at this present it maketh not aboue mlhouses, in the which they use tillaige and making of fustians." (2) It seems almost certain that the two villages, known as Deh andTurkún respectively, are built on the ruins of what was evidentlya town, some four hundred years ago. fn. 1 The 3ala Bayan of Lord Cunon’s map fn. 2 Travels of Venetians in Persia (Hakluyt Soc.), pp. 81-82 » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 79 Araxes River : stream grp 25 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.123751 long 52.64333 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Araxes River , ※ SOURCE for Araxes River « Il y a quinze lieues de Mayn à Chiras, par la route ordinaire, dont les huit premières sont par les plaines de Persépolis. On y entre au sortir de Mayn; et au bout de trois lieues, on passe le fleuve Araxe, après avoir passé un autre gros fleuve, qu'on appelle Chabaroum, et un autre plus petit qui est sans nom. [It is fifteen leagues from Mayn to Shiras, by the ordinary road, the first eight of which are through the plains of Persepolis. It is entered from Mayn; and after three leagues, one crosses the Araxes River, after having passed another large river, which is called Chabarum, and another smaller one that is unnamed.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 234 Arbana : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053553 coordinate: lat 27.8118 long 52.4279 NIMA/GNS names: Arbana , Arbaneh , Arbaneh Bagh , Arbat , Arvaneh , اربانه باغ , اربت , اربن , اربنه , اروانه , VARIANT names: Arabuneh , Arbana , ※ SOURCE for Arabuneh « Arabuneh » in {map#1241 in #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ fig. 'Skecth Map to Illustrate Report of Mr. Butcher's Survey from Bushire to Bandar-Abbas During 1888} « The road now passes over a grassy platean, dotted with kanar bush, called "Buneh Arabuneh," sloping upwards in the direction of the course. At 6 miles 3 furlongs the road descends from the platean by a slope of about 20° (horizontal distance mile, time taken in the descent 19 minutes) to the valley of "Arabuneh," which it crosses, and at 6 miles 7 furlongs enters a grassy gorge or glen, about 50 to 60 yards broad, named "Bagh-i Arabuneh," containing a plantation of date trees. The rocky hills bounding this glen, down the southern side of which flows, to south-west, a rivulet of good water, are either perpendicular or very precipitous. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 13 Arbaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053553 coordinate: lat 27.8118 long 52.4279 NIMA/GNS names: Arbana , Arbaneh , Arbaneh Bagh , Arbat , Arvaneh , اربانه باغ , اربت , اربن , اربنه , اروانه , VARIANT names: Arbaneh , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.9175 long 56.1680556 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Arbes , Arbez , Carbes , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Arbes AT Khurbiz lat 26.9175 long 56.1680556 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Arbes « na Ilha de Queixome (que era mais perto) fe não podia já tomar fem força de gente, pela muita que o Rey ali tinha mandado depois do desbarato, com tudo determinou de ir lá, e primeiro que partiffe, quis faber dos Mouros, que tomára em Arbes, onde fe alojavam os Capitães, e gente, que o Rey ali tinha em guarda dos poços. Os Mouros lhe differam, que toda eftava apofenta- da em hum lugar grande, que fe chamava Queixome, e dali fe proviam todalas outras povoacões. Afonfo Dalboquerque com eta [on the Ilha de Queixome (which was closer) he could no longer take the force of people, due to the many orders the King had sent there after the rout, with everything he determined to go there, and the first to leave, he wanted to fight for the Moors, who he had taken it at Arbes, where the Captains lodged, and people, that the King had there in guard of the wells. The Moors differed from him, in that they all lived in a large place, which was called Queixome, and from there all the other villages supplied. Afonfo Dalboquerque with eta] » #2640 Affonso de Albuquerque, Commentarios, Regia Officina typografica, 1774 ~ vol.1 p. 256 « Notwithstanding all these differences which the great Afonso Dalboquerque had every day with the captains, and which cause,,d- him much pains, yet he did not cease to seek a remedy by which to obtain water for his fleet, of which there was great need; and although in the Island of Queixome, which was close at hand, he could no longer obtain it without force of arms, because of the numerous forces which the king had sent there after the mutiny, for all this he had made Dp his mind to go there, and, before he set out, desired to be informed by the Moors, whom he had captured in Arbes, in what place the captains and men lodged whom the king had sent to keep guard over the wells. The Moors· told him that the headquarters were in a large town called Queixome, and from it' all the other settlements were supplied. » #41 Albuquerque, Afonso de ed. W. de G. Birch., The Commentaries of the Great Affonso De Albuquerque - 1500-1580 The Second Viceroy of India. Translated from the Portuguese edition of 1774, with notes and an introduction, by W. de G. Birch., Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1875-94:2000 ~ vol. 1 ch. LI p. 189 « ARBÉS, lugar de - Local do interior da ilha de Queixome ou KishmJ à entrada do golfo Pérsico. [Brás de Albuquerque - Comentários do grande Afonso de Albuquerque) . [ARBÉS, place of - Place in the interior of the island of Queixome or KishmJ at the entrance to the Persian Gulf. [Brás de Albuquerque - Comments of the great Afonso de Albuquerque)] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 43 ※ SOURCE for Arbez « e tornou has capitanias, e hos leuou cosigo sobre hû lugar da ilha de Queixome q fe chama Arbez, õde mattou ho capitam, q alli estaua por elRei có xxx de cauallo, e duzētos frécheiros, [and he took the captaincies, and took them with him to a place on the island of Queixome which is called Arbez, where he was killed by the captain, who was there by the King with xxx of cauallo, and two frecheiros, and he took the captaincies, and took them with him to a place on the island of Queixome which is called Arbez, where he was killed by the captain, who was there by the King with xxx of cauallo, and two frecheiros,] » #2892 GOIS, Damião de, Crónica do felicissimo Rei D. Manuel, Imprensa da Universidade, Coimbra, 1926 4 vols.: ~ vol. 2 ch. 35 pp. 110 « The Iſle of Queixome, or Queixume, or Quezeme, otherwife called Kechmiche, and by the Inhabitants Brokt, lies clofe to the Continent of Perfia, being feparated from it only by a fmall branch of the Sea: It has about two Leagues in Circuit, and is three Leagues diftant from Ormus. Its two chief Places are Arbez and Homeal, where the King of Ormus at the time when Albuquerque firit appeared hereabouts, had ftrong Garrifons. The other Places of Note are, Lapht, the beſt Harbours of this Ifland, Darbaga not far from the Lapht, Chau, and Sirmion or Sermion. It bears plenty of Corn, but efpecially Barly, without which, the Inhabitants of Ormus, who are fupplied from hence with it for their Horfes, could Scarce fubfift there. Here is alfo a moft Excellent Spring of Freſh Water; to fecure which, the Perfians had Erected a Fort hard by, for fear of the Portugueſes, who were then as yet Mafters of Ormus. » #1933 Nieuhof, Johannes, Voyages and travels, into Brasil, and the East-Indies: containing, an exact description of the Dutch Brasil, and divers parts of the East-Indies; … ~ p. 244 « It has several ports within and without, but mostly very shallow. The best within are Dargahon, Lapht, Chau, and Sermion.(4) The point of Queixome on the outside (6) has plenty of palm orchards, gardens, and wells of good water; whence Harmuz is cemmonly provided, though not thence alone. There also are Karuez and Angan,(6) which last, a little distinct island used as a port, forms in its sound a very safe haven, fit to hold many and very great ships. This isle (Queixome) is very fertile fn. 4 The three first are on our charts yet. Sermion must have been where our own queer little possession of Basidu or Bassadore now exists. fn. 5 Extant and prosperous, on the E. point of the isle. fn. 6 Karvez is not now identifiable; Angan is Henjam Island. » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ p.19 ※ SOURCE for Carbes « Qishm, à sa pointe orientale, n'était plus au XVIe siècle qu'une petite localité (luga- rete) (144), avec un palais royal assez vétuste (145) qui, tout comme celui de Djaroun, tenait lieu de forteresse (146). Laft, au Xe siècle ville flo- rissante (147), restait la deuxième agglomération. Le bourg de Bruht, au milieu des terres (148), s'était élevé au premier rang, d'où le nom, parfois employé d'« île de Qishm et de Bruht (149), ou simplement d' ile de Bruht » (150). Bruht avait un palais royal (151). [Qishm, at its eastern tip, in the 16th century was no more than a small locality (lugarete) (144), with a fairly dilapidated royal palace (145) which, like that of Djaroun, served as a fortress ( 146). Laft, a flourishing town in the 10th century (147), remained the second agglomeration. The town of Bruht, in the middle of the land (148), had risen to the first rank, hence the name, sometimes used of "island of Qishm and Bruht (149), or simply of island of Bruht" (150). Bruht had a royal palace (151).] fn. 144 Les Comentários (1/51, p. 187) disent Qishm hum lugar grande. Le Titolo das remdas, qui le qualifie de lugarete, et le Remdimento de Oromuz le mettent au dernier rang: Bruht [Revenu en hazar de [Income in hazard of]] Broct 1.000 [Titolo das remdas [rent title]] Broquete 600 [Remdimento de Oromuz [Yield of Hormuz]] Laft [Revenu en hazar de [Income in hazard of]] Laft 610 [Titolo das remdas [rent title]] Llafete 400 [Remdimento de Oromuz [Yield of Hormuz]] Harbiz ( ?) [Revenu en hazar de [Income in hazard of]] Carbes 200 [Titolo das remdas [rent title]] Garpez 130 [Remdimento de Oromuz [Yield of Hormuz]] Qishm [Revenu en hazar de [Income in hazard of]] Queixome 130 [Titolo das remdas [rent title]] Queixa 130 [Remdimento de Oromuz [Yield of Hormuz]] Harbiz, non attesté dans FG, est mentionné par Sadidussaltana, p. 128; Brás, I/49, p. 182: Arbes; Teixeira, II, p. 65: Karuèz; cf. Balbi Cerbil (p. 117) ? Carte de l'agglomération de Qishm et de ses alentours dans J. de Morgan, II, p. 292. fn. 145 Brás, I/37, p. 137. fn. 146 Cast., II/72, p. 378. fn. 147 Hudud al-'alam, trad. Minorsky, Londres 1937, p. 57-58. fn. 148 Le site de Bruht, au centre de l'ile (Ibn Mägid, 70a), à quatre lieues de Qishm (Nimdihi, 839), est à chercher à l'emplacement de l'actuel village de Gūša (FG, VIII, p- 368), où existe une mosquédit « de Burh » (Sadidnssaltana, p. 676-679; Eqtedâri, p. 794-801, avec localisation fautive sur sa carte, p. 748). Le nom de Bruht est attesté dès le Xe siècle (nom d'origine d'un capitaine de navire zoroastrien de Siraf; cf. Livre des Merveilles de l'Inde, tr. Sauvaget, dans Mémorial Jean Sauvaget, I, p. 201, 207, 216, lu « al-Barkhati » pour « al-Brukhti »). fn. 149 Nimdihi, 820 (Qism va Bruht); Samarqandi, p. 695 (jazira-yi Kism va Bruht): Ga fari (Qism va *Bruht); Ibn Magid, 70a (gazira Burhut (sic) wa'l-*Qism; Tibbetts traduit à tort, p. 222, « Burkhut or al-Qism »). fn. 150 Teixeira, II, p. 9: l'ile de Broct que les Portugais appellent Queixome (avec la coutumière altération des noms indigènes par attraction d'un mot portugais familier, en l'espèce queixume, a plaintes). Balbi, p. 118 (ile de « Boreche », « Boroche »?). fn. 151 Nimdihi, 839. Sur le jardin royal, Titolo das remdas, p. 224. » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 2:IV/5:77-237 ~ p. 102 Ardakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053574 coordinate: lat 30.302436 long 51.988106 NIMA/GNS names: Ardakan , اردکان , VARIANT names: Ardakan , ※ SOURCE for Ardakan « Ardakan » in {map#1134 in #902 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Journey in Western Iran, The Geographical Journal, London, 1938 (Oct.) 92:4:313-42 ~} Ardakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053575 coordinate: lat 32.310011 long 54.017474 NIMA/GNS names: Ardakan , Ardekan , اردکان , VARIANT names: Ardakan , Ardecan , Erdekan , ※ SOURCE for Ardakan « In Yazd I had sold one horse and bought two, one of which I now gave in part payment for this Ardakan animal. I was now the master of three horses and a pony. Ardakan has a population of about 10,000. There is a saying that Yazd is a large village, and Ardakan a small city » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 2 p. « Titel: Sangar, Fars Province 1989 - Plan view and section through court type caravansaries in Sangar at the road Shiraz - Ardakan - Yasudj » online reference link [accessed 11 Apr 2025] « I heard that the road from Nain to Tabbas across the Eavir or Great Salt Desert was very difficult, in consequence of the want of water, and that the road, though difficult, was better by Ardakan. I therefore went to Ardakan, which is a place of some 20,000 inhabitants, situated not far from the Eavir or Great Persian Salt Desert. A road leads from Ardakan across the desert, which is used by pilgrims from Southern Persia to the Holy Shrine of Imam Reza at Mash-had. At this season the pilgrim caravans are not very numerous, as the heat in the desert is still very great, and this is the time when there is least water. ... Ardakan is surrounded by high walls of the most flimsy description. They look exactly as if they were made of the sort of gingerbread known as "parliament," and they were cut into a serrated pattern at the top, which still further increased their resemblance to gingerbread. These walls are, however, only meant to resist an attack of people unprovided with artillery, so they are sufficie?t. Ardakan carries on a good trado with India, and many of the people have visited that country in the course of business. I stayed at the caravanserai in this town, and was not recognised in any way. Within a few miles of Ardakan, the desert country commences, and in every clirection there is nothing but barren, stony hills, and equally barren plains. Many of these hills are of a peculiar colour. They are generally composed » #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.), 3:9:513-46 ~ p. 515 ※ SOURCE for Ardecan « The 8th, eight p. to Ardecan, where we rested till the 10th, » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 216 « Ardecan Ardakān » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ vol. 1 p. lix ※ SOURCE for Erdekan « Die-fer hatte ihnen die Freiheit mit ihrer Festung/davon die Uberbleibungen noch zu sehen/genommen/von hieraus reiseten wir den 30. ins Dorff Erdekan und fanden einen Ort/welcher wegen vieler Früchte/volckreicher Hands lung/und klarem Wasser/sehr merckwürdig ist. [This had taken away their freedom with their fortress/the remains of which can still be seen/from here we traveled on the 30th to the village of Erdekan and found a place/which is very remarkable because of its many fruits/busy trade/and clear water.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 62-3 Ardal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053579 coordinate: lat 31.999691 long 50.662308 NIMA/GNS names: Ardal , Ardel , اردل , VARIANT names: Ardal , ※ SOURCE for Ardal « It was in one of these boasting a balakhaneh that I was quartered by the Kedkhoda or mayor of Dehkord, for whom I held a letter from the Bakhtiari Khan. There I first established myself and passed most of the time of my stay in Dehkord. But this was a mere pied-à-terre or jumping off place, for my duties led me to radiate from here north, south, east and west, visiting the families and retainers of the various Bakhtiari Khans in their homes. Ardal, Shalamzar, Djunaghan, Dizzak, and many others all lay within my district. » #3561 Elizabeth N, Macbean Ross, A Lady Doctor In Bakhtiari Land, Leonard Parsons Ltd., London, 1921 ~ p. 23 Ardashir Khwarrah : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.851167 long 52.532667 VARIANT names: Ardashir Khwarrah , ※ SOURCE for Ardashir Khwarrah « The most significant Sassanian archaeological site in the Firuzabad Plain is the city of Ardashir Ardashir Khwarrah (The Glory of Ardashir). Concerning the city’s foundation date, it seems that the archaeological remains provide compelling evidence – and confirmṬabari’s account – for the construction of the city before Ardashir’s decisive victory over Ardavan’s army in A.D. 224. » at online reference link [accessed 08 Dec 2023] Ardjanun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053650 coordinate: lat 32.3293 long 53.8042 NIMA/GNS names: Ardjanun , Ardjenun , Arjanan , Arjenan , Arjnan , ارجنان , VARIANT names: Ardjanun , Corneta , ※ SOURCE for Corneta « « The 12. day we trauelled some 15. forsongs to a Towne called Corneta. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612~p. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 52 Areon : stream grp 10 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 27.847699 long 51.977004 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Areo , Areon , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Areon AT Bushire lat 28.9684 long 50.8385 [Kempthorne], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Areon AT Rudkhaneh-ye Bardestan lat 27.840951 long 51.974918 [Forbiger], ※ SOURCE for Areo « Die neuen Berichte wissen nichts von einem hier mündenden Giessbach; James duke of Hamilton (Pinkerton VIII, 295) sagt, Congûn liege südlich von einer bedeutenden Wasserader, meint aber wahrscheinlich den nahen Khôr von Bardistân: das wäre Άρεώυ Nearchs, Hyperis bei Plinius. [The new reports know nothing about a torrent flowing here; James duke of Hamilton (Pinkerton VIII, 295) says that Congûn lies south of an important waterway, but probably means the nearby Khôr of Bardistân: that would be Areo Nearchs, Hyperis in Pliny.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 58 ※ SOURCE for Areon « AREON, I. a r. of Persis, falling into Persicus sin. bet. Gogana and Apostana. H. a town of Cappadocia. » #682 Hazlitt, William, The Classical Gazetteer, A Dictionary of Ancient Sites, Whittaker and Co., 1851, ~ p. 47 « Thence Nearchus, with his fleet, passed on six hundred stadia farther, and arrived at Gogana, a country well inhabited. He anchored the fleet at the mouth of a small creek,(5) called Areon, a station dangerous enough; its entrance being extremely narrow and almost choked with sand. Nearchus informs us that hereabouts the country produced a great quantity of palms and other fruit~ bearing trees, as good and abundant (1) as in Greece; and this port is now the noted Bushire, (2) one of the principal sea-ports in the whole of the Persian empire. fn. 5 Arrian says (p. 354) " a torrent." fn. 1 Merely" such fruit-trees as grow in Greece." fn. 2 Properly Abu Shehr. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G. B., Notes made on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1835, ~ pp. 282-3 « ... die Stadt Gogana [j . Kongun] am Flusse Areon , die Flüsse Sitakos [j . Sita ] (p . 32. ) ... [... the city of Gogana [j . Kongun] on the Areon River , the Sitakos [j . Sita] (p. 32.) ...] » #2718 Albert Forbiger, Handbuch Der Alten Geographie, Mayer und Wigand, Leipzig, 1842-4, ~ vol. 1 p. 142 « Areon » in #2678 Alexander George Findlay, A classical atlas to illustrate ancient geography, W. Tegg and Company, 1847, ~ plate XXIV Imperium Persicum Argha : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053625 coordinate: lat 35.23586 long 58.219404 NIMA/GNS names: Argha , Arghan , Arqeh , ارغا , VARIANT names: Argha , Arghandab : stream grp 41 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3368896 coordinate: lat 31.4436111 long 64.3830556 NIMA/GNS names: Arghandab , Arghandab River , Arghandab Rod , Arghandab Rud , Arkandab Rud , Darya-ye Arghandab , Rode Arghandab , Rud-e Arghandab , VARIANT names: Arghandab , Arghandab river : stream grp 41 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.515705 long 65.036941 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Arghandab river , Arjanan Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.328925 long 53.803877 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Arjanan Caravanserai , Arjuyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053660 coordinate: lat 28.7318 long 52.8713 NIMA/GNS names: Argu , Argu , Arjuyeh , آرگو , VARIANT names: Arjuyeh , Armanu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3087957 coordinate: lat 27.770963 long 54.38329 Supplement: The NIMA/GNS dataset for this site is 27.772778, 54.386667,Armanu,FRM which is barren dry stream bed. The coordinate has been corrected to a point 385m SWbW 239° VARIANT names: Armanu , Hormut-e Lar , Kurmunü , ※ SOURCE for Armanu « Persian text omitted. [And the road is straight, several barren canals can be seen across the road before reaching the narrow water through a small pass. Passing through the narrow water, there is a caravanserai, a pond, and a spring of running water, and the produce of it is made, and the inhabitants there have disappeared for a few words.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 583 ※ SOURCE for Kurmunü « At 4 miles the ravine is left, and the road runs N.-E., up the hills to the N. to the caravansarai and date groves of Kurmunü, reached at 4 miles. Water from three cisterns; grazing poor; fuel scanty; supplies wil. A footpath runs N.-E. from the sarai over a ridge rejoining the road at 6¼ miles. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 171-2 Arrajan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3053640 coordinate: lat 30.643 long 50.2586 NIMA/GNS names: Arghan , Arghun , Arjan , Arqan , Arragan , Arrajan , ارغون , VARIANT names: Argoun , Arjan , Arragan , Arrajan , Arrhegian , ※ SOURCE for Argoun see source for « Arjan » ※ SOURCE for Arjan «It rises between the borders of Pars and Spahaun, according to Ebn Haukal, and flows down to Arjan (345) [Argoun or Arrhegian], whence it is called Ab-Argoun; and as it approaches the sea, Nehr Tab; the name it takes in our modern charts is Endian (346), from a town upon its banks, a few miles distant from the sea. fn. 345 Arjan or Argan is one merilch, or thirty miles from the sea. Ebn Haukal, p. 105. fn. 346 Niebuhr writes it Hindian. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p. 418 ※ SOURCE for Arragan « 16. ARAGHAN (Arragān, Arrajān), a large and flourishing town with much wealth, abounding in amenities and enjoying a good climate. In its district (rusta) there is a well of water of which no one in the world knows the depth (ki zarfi-yi än ba-hama jihän natavanand danist); from it comes a water to turn one mill (miqdar-i yak asiyab) and spreads over the soil. This town produces good grape-syrup (dushab). » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937 ~ p. 127 ※ SOURCE for Arrajan « the important Sasanian-Early Islamic city of Arrajān » #1121 Ball, Warwick, Some rock-cut monuments in Southern Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1986 ~ p. 107 « 16. ARAGHAN (Arragān, Arrajān), a large and flourishing town with much wealth, abounding in amenities and enjoying a good climate. In its district (rusta) there is a well of water of which no one in the world knows the depth (ki zarfi-yi än ba-hama jihän natavanand danist); from it comes a water to turn one mill (miqdar-i yak asiyab) and spreads over the soil. This town produces good grape-syrup (dushab). » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937 ~ p. 127 see source « Arragan » « The foundation of Arrajān was ascribed to the Sāsānid king Qawadh who had ruled at the end of the fifth and beginning of the sixth century. In the tenth century, Arrajān was one of the large towns of Färs but, it would seem, its importance was less industrial than commercial; this was determined by the fertility of its environs, proximity of the sea, and position of the city on the main road from Färs to Khūzistān and from there to Mesopotamia. The road from Shirāz to Arrajān led northwestward through the village of Guyūm or Juwaym. Its further direction is not quite clear, because the names of the villages mentioned in the Arabic itinerary no longer exist; the town of Nawbanjan lay on this road, but that of Shāpūr was situated to one side of it. (89) fn. 89 Istakhri, p. 133. [For the historical geography and archaeology of the region, see H. Gaube, Die Südpersische Provinz Arragan/Küh-Gilüyeh von der arabischen Ero- berung bis zur Safawrdenzert (Vienna, 1973).] » #975 Barthold, W, An Historical Geography of Iran … translated By Svat Soucek, Edited with an Introduction By C.E. Bosworth, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, ~ p. 165 ※ SOURCE for Arrhegian see source for « Arjan » NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 29.95 long 32.52 VARIANT names: Arsinoe , ※ SOURCE for Arsinoe owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Arsinoe, 32.52, 29.95, EG, nkn, exact, 83, tmcIRa0100_020a » Arvareh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 229882 coordinate: lat 33.3044 long 50.6071 NIMA/GNS names: Arvareh , اروره , VARIANT names: Arvareh , Qaleh Atabaki , ※ SOURCE for Qaleh Atabaki « LE QALEH ATABAKI (ou ATABAK) (site 3, fig. 5) dont les ruines s'élèvent toujours en bordure de la piste de Golpaygân à lspahân, entre Tikal et Dhor (à 3 km. 600 de ce village) se trouve être une carrière de moellons encore abondante, cependant que son gisement de briques est épuisé. Nous sommes arrivés un peu trop tardivement pour en avoir tous les éléments utiles, notamment la disposition complète des locaux entourant la cour. [The QALEH ATABAKI (or ATABAK) (site 3, fig. 5), whose ruins still stand along the Golpaygan-Isfahan trail, between Tikal and Dhor (3.6 km from this village), is a still-abundant rubble quarry, while its brick deposit is exhausted. We arrived a little too late to have all the useful information, notably the complete layout of the premises surrounding the courtyard.] » #3345 Siroux, Maxime, Anciennes voies et monuments routiers de la région d'Ispahân, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1971 ~ p. 47 Arzanah : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -782360 coordinate: lat 24.793889 long 52.561667 NIMA/GNS names: Arzana , Arzanah , Jazirat `Ardanah , VARIANT names: Arzanah , Arzernie , ※ SOURCE for Arzanah « The insular possessions of the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi are the islands of Arzanah, Daiyinah, Dalmah, Das, Qarnain, Salali, Yas and Zirko » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 406 ※ SOURCE for Arzernie « Arzernie » in {map#1096 Persia with a part of Cabul and the adjacent countries, Arrowsmith, Aaron Jr., 1828, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 0035.027} NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 18.05 long 56.44 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: as duas pontas , C. de due ponte , ※ SOURCE for as duas pontas refers to the two adjacent headlands Ras Qarwas and Ras Sukra « as duas pontas » written against “W” shaped headlands in {map#824 Livro de Marinharia, de João de Lisboa, João de Lisboa, 1560, PT/TT/CRT/166, Arquivo Nacional, Lisbon} and located north of the Curia Muria Islands 126 « Ilhas de curia muria » « DUAS POMTAS - v. Duas Pontas. DUAS PONTAS – Os cabos Karwao e Sharbitat, no extremo nordeste da baía Cúria Múria ou Khorya Morya, no litoral do Hadramaute. » [TWO POMTES - v. Two Points. TWO POINTS – Capes Karwao and Sharbitat, in the extreme northeast of the bay Curia Muria or Khorya Morya, on the coast of Hadhramaut. »] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 29 « The coast from Ras Sharbitat trends north-eastward for 12 miles, as far as Ras Sukra, presenting a noble limestone cliff-about 600 feet in height, precipitous to the water's edge, and tabular at the summit. It is bold to approach, there being 20 fathoms water close to the cliff. The soundings along this part of the coast are regular. At a distance of 26 miles, E. by S., from Ras Sukra, is a coral bank of from 21 to 27 fathoms. Ras Sukra is a prominent bluff cape, rising 600 feet above the sea, and forms the south-western extreme of Sukra bay. From the north-eastward Ras Sukra appears a perfect bluff; northward of it is Funnel or Tower hill, which at first appears separated, but on a nearer approach is found to be situated on the summit of the adjacent table land. The whole line of coast, when the sun shines on it, has the appearance of clay cliffs. From the barnshaped hill the table land takes a more easterly direction, and gradually approaches the shore at the eastern extremity of the bay. » #2345 William James Lloyd Wharton, John Phillips, The Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Pilot: Containing Descriptions of the Suez Canal, the Gulfs of Suez, Printed for the Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, by Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1900 ~ ed. 3 1887 p. 136 « as duas pontas [Portuguese name] R. Sauqirah? [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p.99 ※ SOURCE for C. de due ponte « C. de due ponte » in {map#929 L Disegno della seconda parte dell' Asia, Giacomo Gastaldo, 1571 (book), #2701 Cosmografia Universale, Bertelli, Fernando, 1571 ~} AS Pol Angur : arch. site IRN UTM: 5552, 2714 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2333333333333 long 55.8666666666667 VARIANT names: AS Pol Angur , ※ SOURCE for AS Pol Angur « Other variants: See A3 Details: See A3. No. of sherds: 9 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 As Sa`diya : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3103205 coordinate: lat 34.1863889 long 45.1183333 NIMA/GNS names: As Sa`diya , As Sa`diyah , Qizil Ribat , Qizil Robat , Sa`diyah , Sa`diye , Sa`diyeh , VARIANT names: As Sa`diya , Kizyl-Abad , Qizil Robat , ※ SOURCE for Kizyl-Abad « On se trouve ensuite dans une plaine abondante en gibier. Nous arrivâmes à neuf heures et demie à Kizyl-Abad, grand village habité par des Turcomans, et orné de bosquets de dattiers: on y voit trois caravansérails et quelques misérables boutiques. Une petite ri-vière coule auprès, et va se jeter à un quart de lieue dans la Diala. [We then find ourselves in a plain abundant in game. We arrived at nine thirty at Kizyl-Abad, a large village inhabited by Turkmen, and adorned with groves of date palms: there are three caravanserais and a few miserable shops. A small river flows nearby, and flows a quarter of a league away into the Diala.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 222 ※ SOURCE for Qizil Robat « Qizil Robat » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No.2 Baghdad 1917} As Suwayb : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3103170 coordinate: lat 30.9616667 long 47.4944444 NIMA/GNS names: As Suwayb , As Suwayyib , Ash Shuwayyib , Qaryat as Suwayyib , Shuwaiyib , Suwaib , Suwayb , VARIANT names: As Suwayb , ※ SOURCE for As Suwayb « The identification of Jabel Khayabir as Charax Spasinou was further confirmed when the writer enquired of the Arab inhabitants at the nearby village of AI-Suwayb if these artificial embankments were known by any other name. The villagers were unanimous in answering that the site was also called Naisan, most certainly a later modification of the early Islamic name for Charax, Maisan. » #2970 John Honsman, Charax And The Karkheh, Iranica antiqua, 1967 vol. 7:pp. 21-58 ~ p. 42 As Suwayh 1 (SWY1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK785463 converted to coordinate: lat 22.0994134050346 long 59.6992633775304 VARIANT names: As Suwayh 1 (SWY1) , ※ SOURCE for As Suwayh 1 (SWY1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 As Suwayh 2 (SWY2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK813503 converted to coordinate: lat 22.1350596080946 long 59.7270726848252 VARIANT names: As Suwayh 2 (SWY2) , ※ SOURCE for As Suwayh 2 (SWY2) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 As Suwayh 4 (SWY4) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK785463 converted to coordinate: lat 22.0994134050346 long 59.6992633775304 VARIANT names: As Suwayh 4 (SWY4) , ※ SOURCE for As Suwayh 4 (SWY4) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Asadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053792 coordinate: lat 34.782413 long 48.120118 NIMA/GNS names: Asadabad , اسد آباد , VARIANT names: Asadabad , Asadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053794 coordinate: lat 35.631581 long 59.358932 NIMA/GNS names: Asadabad , Qal'eh Shahzadeh , اسد آباد , VARIANT names: Asadabad , ※ SOURCE for Asadabad « We accomplished this in three stages, over a mountainous road, rising to a pass, during the first march to Asadabad, 2250 feet above Turbat itself. The Godar-i-Baidar commands a splendid view of the grass green hollows on its north, and notwithstanding incessant rain and inseparable discomforts, there was much to charm the eye in the landscape presented. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 81 « Asadābād at mile 24 is a scattered town, the suburbs extending to 14 miles. It is well watered by streams of good sweet water from the hills. Streams flow through the streets. Asadābād has 100 shops and several surais. The town is surrounded by gardens. The camping ground, which is by the side of a small torrent in the sloping plain N.-E. of the town, is spacious and on a high level. There is a telegraph office. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 159 « §40. As Asadābād is 23 miles distant from Kangavar, the Kitchen, according to Abu-Dulaf's painstaking indication of the distances, should be places at the present-day Mindarabad (which was identified with Madharan only in view of the misleading assonance of the names). The Kitchen may correspond to I. Rusta's Ayuan al-sanj "the portico of the cymbal". Shah-mardän was the first-born son of Shirin, see the Syrian chronicle of the last Sasanians, ed. by Guidi, §5, and the Shah-nama, Tehran 1314, p. 2939. He was one of the victims of his half-brother Shiroya when the latter ascended the throne.Asadabad, which the road left sometimes to its left (I. Rusta), is the well-known borough to the west of the easiest pass in Mt. Alvand. It is probably identical with I. Khordadhbih's Khundadh (Khunwadh, i.e. Onoadas of Tabula Peutingeriana, as suggested by Herzfeld). » #3541 Ibn Muhalhil, Vladimir Minorsky, Abu¯-Dulaf Mis?ar ibn Muhalhil's Travels in Iran, Cairo University Press, Cairo, 1955 ~ p. 96 Asadabad Pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3053799 coordinate: lat 34.812962 long 48.163341 NIMA/GNS names: Asadabad Pass , Gardaneh-ye Asadabad , Shah Pass , اسد آباد پس , شاه پس , گردنه اسد آباد , گردنۀ اسد آباد , VARIANT names: Asadabad Pass , ※ SOURCE for Asadabad Pass « The road is bad the whole way to the top of the Asadābād Pass. It is well graded and follows a new aligament. At mile 1 the foot of the pass is reached. As far as mile 2 the gradient is gentle and the road almost straight: thence it is much steeper with many sharp turns to the top of the pass at mile 7¾. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 159 Asalu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053811 coordinate: lat 27.4761 long 52.6074 NIMA/GNS names: `Asaluyeh , Asalu , Bandar-e `Asalu , Bandar-e `Asaluyeh , بندر عسلو , بندر عسلویه , عسلويه , VARIANT names: Asalu , Asaluyeh , Aseeloo , Aslu , Assaloo , Asselo , Assetou , Bandar 'Aselûh , Bender-Asselou , Tsaloo , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Asalu FOR Ausinza [Gossellin], ※ SOURCE for Asalu « En 1590 Gasparo Balbi mentionne « Silaù » sans le décrire. Les auteurs plus récents ne donnent Shilàu que comme un simple hâvre, marquant ainsi qu’ un nouveau degré de sa déchéance avait été franchi. I1 le fut sans doute vers la fin du XVIe siècle. L’expédition safavide qui, sous la conduite d’un ra’is Fàli partit à la conquête de Bahrain au début du XVIIe siècle, embarqua non pas à Shiliiu mais à « Bandar ‘Asalü ».[In 1590 Gasparo Balbi mentions “Silaù” without describing it. More recent authors give Shilàu only as a simple haven, thus marking that a new degree of its decline had been crossed. It was probably around the end of the 16th century. The Safavid expedition which, under the leadership of a ra’is Fàli set out to conquer Bahrain at the beginning of the 17th century, embarked not at Shiliiu but at “Bandar ‘Asalü”.] » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 7:21-37 ~ pp. 36-7 « Asalu.-Anchorage. This village is situated about one mile north-westward of the northern entrance point of Naband bay and 40 extends along the coast for a distance of about half a mile; there is a large date grove behind the village and a conspicuous though partially destroyed round tower stands on a small hillock some distance north-westward of it. Some of the inhabitants are employed in pearl fishing. A reef extends over half a mile offshore for a distance of about 3 miles north-westward of the northern entrance point of Naband bay; there are depths of 5 and 6 fathoms (9m1 and 11m0) close outside the reef which should not be approached into a depth less than 7 fathoms (12m8). Boats pass over the reef and shelter close to the village in depths rather greater than those on the reef. Anchorage off the village is open to the shamál; the holding ground is poor, and it is necessary to approach with caution as the shore reef is very steep-to. » #353 The Persian Gulf Pilot 1870 - 1932 8th edition, Archive Editions, Slough, 1989 ~ p.151 « Some boats were also taken and destroyed at the ports of Lingeh, Mughu, Asalu and Kangun for which compensation had later to be paid, as Bruce could produce no definite proof of piracy by the people of these places. (64) fn. 64. Lorimer, op. cit., p. 669. » #6 Hawley, Donald, The Trucial States, Allen and Unwin, London, 1970 ~ p. 114 « Beyond Cape Naband is the territory of a tribe called Al Haram, who were active pearl divers. The Al Haram acquired the island of Bahrain during the first half of the eighteenth century. In the eighteenth century, their westernmost village was Shilau, while Asalu was their most important settlement. The name Asalu is already mentioned in a Dutch document of 1632 as the name of a pearlbank. On a manuscript nautical chart of the Dutch East India Company of the late seventeenth century it is mentioned as a place, together with another place of the Al Haram, Nabon. Asalu was visited in 1672 by the French traveler Carre, who gives a description of the place.(60) fn. 60 Kniphausen’s report fol. 4-4v (=Floor, ‘Description’, pp. 168-169). Niebuhr, Beschreibung, p. 314, is very summary but on pp. 330-331 some interesting but probably not completely reliable details about the history of the A1 Haram rule over Bahrain. Carre, Travels, vol. 3, p. 832 is the most detailed early text on Asalu. VOC vol. 1113, fol. 225v. mentions Asalu as a centre of pearldivers, already in 1632. It figures on early Dutch maps: ARA VEL 220. The important place ‘Chilau’ on early Portuguese maps probably is not Shilau but Nakhilu. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 20 « Having settled at Nakhilu this Arab group at the same time acquired their Portuguese name, for Niquelus means, "those of Nakhilu.' Portuguese authors, of course, wrote this name in various ways such as Niquelus, Naquilus, Nihhelus, Nuqueluzes and Niquelas. The name that this Arab group gave to themselves has not been reported. It is my contention that they were part of a larger migratory movement of Arabs coming from Oman to the Persian littoral. In the 17 century this same group of Arabs was known as Hula or Hawala Arabs, meaning 'migrant Arabs'. The reason for this supposition is that in one case the Niquelus are referred to in official corre- spondence as "the Nequeluz [and those of] Asalu." As 'Asalu is a minor port on the Persian littoral and is not synonymous with Nakhilu it means that "those of Asalu" were clearly identified with the Niquelus. A similar situation existed in the 17th and 18 century when the Arabs of Asalu, were identified as Hulas and considered to be part of those of Nakhilu". » #1812 ed. Dejanirah Couto and Rui M. Loureiro, Revisiting Hormuz: Portuguese Interactions in the Persian Gulf Region in the Early Modern Period, Harrassowitz, 2008 ~ p. 93 ※ SOURCE for Asaluyeh « In the 19th century, Kangin flourished. It was ruled by Arab shaikhs of the al-Nusür. The first member of the family to hold power at Kangān was Muhammad. He was succeeded by his son Hätim Khan and he in turn by his son Jabbirah Khän. Jabbarah's son Hasan Khân gained control of Gāvbandi, on the coast of Läristan. The road between Kangan and Gävbandi ran through the bulk of Maliki, the centre of which was Asalüych. The al-Nusür had a long-standing feud with the shaikhs of 'Asaliyeh, who belonged to the al-Haram. In 1283/1866-7 Hasan Khan was travelling from Kangān to Givbandi and stopped near ?Asalūyeh to perform his evening prayers. Here he was seized by Ibrahim, the shaikh of ?Asalūyeh, taken into the town and killed. Hasan was succeeded as ruler of Kangin and Gavbandi by his younger brother, Shaikh Madhkür. In 1284/1867-8 Madhkür assembled a force from Kangin, Galehdar and Gavbandi and, together with government troops and artillery, besieged ?Asalūyeh. The town was taken and destroyed. Shaikh Ibrahim and many of his family were killed. With the destruction of ?Asalūyeh Madhkür controlled the entire coast from Kangān to Gāvbandi -which are 120 km. apart and began to ignore instructions from the Qajar government. fn. 2 Fasai, Hajji Mirza Hasan, Tarikh-i Färsnämeh-i Nasiri, Tehran 1312-14/1894-6, Vol. II, p. 261. » #3018 Nicholas Lowick, Siraf XV: The Coins and Monumental Inscriptions, British Institute of Persian Studies, 1985 ~ p.8 ※ SOURCE for Aseeloo « … the information called for by Government on the 17th February 1854, regarding the principal estates within my political control. No mention is therein made of the ports on the Persian Coast between Bushire and Bunder Abbas given below. … Ports. | Tribes. | Names of Chiefs. Aseeloo | Haram | Two brothers, Shaikh Abdoolla bin Khulfan and Shaikh Ahmed bin Khulfan. » #2994 ed. Robert Hughes Thomas, Historical and Other Information Connected with Place in the Persian Gulf, government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, 1856 ~ p. 286 ※ SOURCE for Aslu « Aslu ('Asalu), 1 mile northwestward of the north point of Naband Bay, is an independent town with a population of about 1,000 men of Al Haram Tribe; it extends mile along the coast, and there is a large date grove behind. The people possess many small boats, and take part in the pearl fishery. A conspicuous round tower, now partially destroyed, stands on 2 small hillock about midway between Aslu and Nakhl Takki. Ves- sels should approach both these villages with caution, on account of the reef which here extends from the shore, as mentioned in the Pilot. A reef extends over mile off the coast for 3 miles northwest- ward of the north point of Naband Bay, and there are depths of 5 and 6 fathoms close outside it. Boats pass over the reef and shelter close to Aslu town, in rather more water than there is on the reef. Anchorage off the town is open to shamals. » #2772 United States Hydrographic Office, Persian Gulf Pilot: Comprising the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Omán and the Makran Coast, Hydrographic Office Publication No. 158, The Persian Gulf Pilot, Washington, 1920 ~ p. 250 ※ SOURCE for Assaloo « Assaloo » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} ※ SOURCE for Asselo « Friday, 29 July. My Arabs were half dead [with fright] and believed themselves lost; so, to please them, I came nearer the coast, and about ten o'clock in the morning we passed near Asselo³, of which I will speak in another place [vol. ?, ch. vi]. fn. 3 ‘Asselo’ is ‘Asalu on the north of the Naband Bay. References to it will be found in Stein, p. 200; the Persian Gulf Pilot, p 207, and Bom. Govt. Sel., XXIV, 592. » #385 ed. Fawcett, The Travels of the Abbe Carre in India and the near east 1672 to 1674, Hakluyt Society, London, 1947 ~ vol.1 pp. 95 ※ SOURCE for Assetou « Assetou (57 Bl : 'Asaliiyeh » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006, ~ p. 413 « Assetou » in {map#362 Carte du Golfe Persique depuis Bassora jusqu'au Cap Rasalgate, Guillaume Nicolas Delahaye D'apres De Mannevillette, 1775, Leiden, Universiteitsbibliotheek (Collectie Bodel Nijenhuis, Portf. 175, n° 108)} see AHduGP map 57 ※ SOURCE for Bandar 'Aselûh « Weiter folgt Bandar 'Aselûh, eine Araberveste mit Palmen und zahlreichen Booten für Perl- fischerei, und Nakhl-Taki am Fusse der Landmarke Sir-i-Yafal 4870 [Next comes Bandar 'Aselûh, an Arab vestment with palm trees and numerous boats for pearl fishing, and Nakhl-Taki at the foot of the Sir-i-Yafal 4870 landmark. ] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 57 ※ SOURCE for Bender-Asselou « Bender-Asselou fn. 3 Résidence d'un cheykh arabe nommé Kalfan, de la tribu des Elharem. [fn. 3 Residence of an Arab sheikh named Kalfan, of the Elharem tribe.]» #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Tsaloo « Tsaloo » in {map#1125 The Coast from Bushire to Basadore, in the Persian Gulf, G.B. Brucks and S.B. Haines, 1828, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3630/27, in Qatar Digital Library} Ash Shab 1 (GAS1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL304277 converted to coordinate: lat 22.8412563276754 long 59.245188446309 VARIANT names: Ash Shab 1 (GAS1) , ※ SOURCE for Ash Shab 1 (GAS1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Ash Shab 2 (GAS2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL295289 converted to coordinate: lat 22.8522117743327 long 59.2366005586777 VARIANT names: Ash Shab 2 (GAS2) , ※ SOURCE for Ash Shab 2 (GAS2) « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Ash Shab 3 (GAS3) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL294288 converted to coordinate: lat 22.8513227921171 long 59.2356118105273 VARIANT names: Ash Shab 3 (GAS3) , ※ SOURCE for Ash Shab 3 (GAS3) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Ash Shab 4 (GAS4) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL295291 converted to coordinate: lat 22.8540171140959 long 59.2366301062521 VARIANT names: Ash Shab 4 (GAS4) , ※ SOURCE for Ash Shab 4 (GAS4) « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Ash Shab 5 (GAS5) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL294295 converted to coordinate: lat 22.8576414843228 long 59.2357151899382 VARIANT names: Ash Shab 5 (GAS5) , ※ SOURCE for Ash Shab 5 (GAS5) « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Ash Shab 6 (GAS6) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL288315 converted to coordinate: lat 22.8757769597241 long 59.2301658521094 VARIANT names: Ash Shab 6 (GAS6) , ※ SOURCE for Ash Shab 6 (GAS6) « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Ash Shab 7 (GAS7) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL291290 converted to coordinate: lat 22.8531691646954 long 59.232719374312 VARIANT names: Ash Shab 7 (GAS7) , ※ SOURCE for Ash Shab 7 (GAS7) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Ash Shihr : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3789620 coordinate: lat 14.760258 long 49.60537 NIMA/GNS names: Al-Shihr , Ash Shahar , Ash Shihr , Shihr , الشحر , VARIANT names: Ash Shihr , Esher , Shehr , Shi-ho , Soer , xaell , Xeher , Xer , ※ SOURCE for Esher « 12) Shi-ho is Shehr, another port on the Hadramaut coast, of considerable importance in mediaeval times; it is the Esher (or Soer) of Marco Polo, sec Yule's, Marco Polo (2ª edit.), II, 324, 429 and Heyd, Hist. du Commerce, II, 500. See also infra, Pt. II, Ch. XXV. » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p.121 fn.12 ※ SOURCE for Shehr « 12) Shi-ho is Shehr, another port on the Hadramaut coast, of considerable importance in mediaeval times; it is the Esher (or Soer) of Marco Polo, sec Yule's, Marco Polo (2ª edit.), II, 324, 429 and Heyd, Hist. du Commerce, II, 500. See also infra, Pt. II, Ch. XXV. » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p.121 fn.12 « Shihr, or Shehr, with the article Es-Shehr, still exists on the Arabian Coast as a town and district about 330 miles east of Aden. * * The hills of the Sheor and Dhafar districts were the great source of produce of the Arabian frankincense. (Vide pp. 378, 379, Yule’s Marco Polo.) » #1041 Sirḥān ibn Sa'id, al-'Alawi, Annals of 'Omān. by Sirhān-bin Sa'id-bin Sirhān of the Benu¯ 'Ali tribe of 'Omā¯n trans. and annotated by E. C. Ross, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 1874 ~ p.77 ※ SOURCE for Shi-ho #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 116 and 121 ※ SOURCE for Soer « 12) Shi-ho is Shehr, another port on the Hadramaut coast, of considerable importance in mediaeval times; it is the Esher (or Soer) of Marco Polo, sec Yule's, Marco Polo (2ª edit.), II, 324, 429 and Heyd, Hist. du Commerce, II, 500. See also infra, Pt. II, Ch. XXV. » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p.121 fn.12 ※ SOURCE for xaell in {map#576 15ª carta: Mar Vermelho e Golfo Pérsico, Livro De Marinharia, de João de Lisboa, anonymous, 1560, Colecção Cartográfica, n.º 166} and PMC vol. 1 EST 96A in {map#834 Eastern Africa, Arabia, and India, Fernão Vaz Dourado, 1550-1575, The Huntington Library HM41 fol11} and PMC vol. 3 EST 269 « Xer, Xaell [Portuguese name] al-Shiḥr [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Xeher « XEHER.3 Further on from this place, in the direction of the same wind, at xx leagues off, along the same coast, is another town of the Moors, called Xeher; it also belongs to the kingdom of Fartach, and is very large; it has a large trade in the stuffs, which the Moors of Cambay, Chaul, Dabul, and Baticala, and the country of Malabar, bring in their ships to this port and town of Xeher fn.3 Shehir, one of the chief sea-ports of Hadramant. Zeher, Ortelius » #2616 Duarte Barbosa, A Description of the Coasts of East Africa And Malabar in the beginning of the sixteenth century , by Duarte Barbosa, A Portuguese . Translated from an early Spanish Manuscript in the Barcelona Library with Notes and a Preface byThe Hon. Henry E. J. Stanley, printed for the Hakluyt Society, London, 1866 ~ pp.30-1. ※ SOURCE for Xer « Xer, Xaell [Portuguese name] al-Shiḥr [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 Ashena : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053915 coordinate: lat 27.74282 long 53.40603 NIMA/GNS names: Ashena , Ashna , آشنا , VARIANT names: Ashena , Ashenan , ※ SOURCE for Ashenan « At 8 miles 2 furlongs the road passes the village of Ashenan, five hundred yards to south near the foot of the range Tang-i Khur. Between this range and the village, lie a grove of date trees, and a jungle of tamarisk and kanar bush. Several large irrigation wells complete the picture. Supplies, etc., the same as in the case of the village of Chatus. Shortly after passing Ashenan the grass becomes long and luxuriant, and the valley is thickly dotted with kanar bush. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 20 « At 8 miles 2 furlongs the road passes the village of Ashenan, five hundred yards to south near the foot of the range Tang-i-Khur. Between this range and the village, lie a grove of date trees, and a jungle of tamarisk and kanar bush. Several large irrigation wells complete the picture. Supplies, etc., the same as in the case of the village of Chatus. Shortly after passing Ashenan the grass becomes long and luxuriant, and the valley is thickly dotted with kanar bush. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 98 Ashkabad : place TKM NIMA/GNS feature: PPLC UFI: -2557812 coordinate: lat 37.95 long 58.3833333 NIMA/GNS names: (( Leninskiy Rayon )) , (( Proletarskiy Rayon )) , (( Sovetskiy Rayon )) , Asgabat , Asgabat Saheri , Ashgabat , Ashgabat Shaheri , Ashkabad , Ashkhabad , Ashqabad , Askabad , Askhabad , Gorod Ashkhabad , Poltoratsk , Stalinskiy Rayon , VARIANT names: Ashkabad , Ashkakzar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3197547 coordinate: lat 31.996791 long 54.208517 NIMA/GNS names: Ash Kuzar , Ashk Dez , Ashkakzar , Ashkazar , Ashkezar , Askizar , آشككزار , اسكيزار , اشك دز , اشكذر , اشکذر , VARIANT names: Ashkakzar , Ashpaigan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN independent coordinate: lat 29.2462137186483 long 51.9828062840264 VARIANT names: Ashpaigan , ※ SOURCE for Ashpaigan given as historical landmark in google maps « بافت قدیم اشپایگان » translated as « Espaigan »other names associated with site but not verified « Ashfaghan or Ashpaigan » Ashraf : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055953 coordinate: lat 36.692347 long 53.552617 NIMA/GNS names: Ashraf , Behshahr , اشرف , بهشهر , VARIANT names: Asheraffe , Ashraf , asiab drosh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.131247 long 54.381859 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Drush mill آسیاب دروش VARIANT names: asiab drosh , Asiab-e Kamud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3193686 coordinate: lat 28.966667 long 52.05 NIMA/GNS names: Asia Kamul , Asiab-e Kamud , آسياب كامود , VARIANT names: Asiab-e Kamud , Asiab-i-Kamur , ※ SOURCE for Asiab-i-Kamur « Asiab-i-Kamur » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 311 Asif Caravanserai of Shah Abbas I : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.837148 long 52.602128 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: approx 60x60m .asef karvansaraye shah ebas ol آصف کاروانسرای شاه عباس اول VARIANT names: Asif Caravanserai of Shah Abbas I , Karavanserail Asaf (Beidha) , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Asaf (Beidha) « Karavanserail Asaf (Beidha) (Taf. 14,2-4) (Abb. 5; 138) (99)Lage: Etwa 25 km (Luftlinie) südlich von Pol-e Now, 28 km nördlich Badjgah, in + 1630 m ü. N. N., am Kurzweg von Esfahan nach Shiraz (Abb. 138). Das Karavanserail liegt etwa 3 km südlich des westlichen Endes des rund 4 km lan-gen Damm-Brücken-Damm-Weges (Pol-e Gorg) durch sal-zigen und temporär sumpfigen Talboden (+1625 m ü. Ν. Ν.). Dieser Weg führt die Karawanenstraße von Asaf in Richtung Pol-e Now (100).Der Karawanenhaltepunkt Asaf umfaßt mehrere Bau-ten (Abb. 139), von denen außer dem Karavanserail auch die Reste eines weiteren Karavanserails (Bau 2) vermessen wurden Abb. 140)fn. 99 Das Karavanserail Asaf wurde von D. Huff gefunden und vom Verfasser am 4. 9. 1991 vermessen.fn. 100 AMI 25, 1992, 243 ff. [Asaf Caravanserai (Beidha) (Plate 14,2-4) (Fig. 5; 138) (99)Location: Approximately 25 km (as the crow flies) south of Pol-e Now, 28 km north of Badjgah, at +1630 m above sea level, on the short route from Isfahan to Shiraz (Fig. 138). The caravanserai is located approximately 3 km south of the western end of the approximately 4 km long dam-bridge-dam route (Pol-e Gorg) through salty and temporarily swampy valley floor (+1625 m above sea level). This route carries the caravan route from Asaf towards Pol-e Now (100).The Asaf caravan stop comprises several buildings (Fig. 139), of which, in addition to the caravanserai, the remains of another caravanserai (Building 2) were surveyed (Fig. 140).fn. 99 The Asaf caravanserai was discovered by D. Huff and surveyed by the author on September 4, 1991.fn. 100 AMI 25, 1992, 243 ff.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 80 Asir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053966 coordinate: lat 27.723553 long 52.6653 NIMA/GNS names: Asir , Sir , اسیر , سیر , VARIANT names: Asir , ※ SOURCE for Asir « Crossing this stream the road enters the village of Asir, situated on the northern side of the valley, near the foot of the range Kuh Zalemi. Altitude above sea, 2,097 feet. The town, containing about 150 inhabited houses, and a population, roughly, of 600, is covered on the south-west side by the ruins of old houses. The fort of Asir is large and substantially built of stone, with towers at the four corners. There are 12 cisterns, near the foot of Kuh Zalemi, immediately to north of the town. Of these four are fit to hold water, but, at the present time, two only are in use. The water, from the wells inside Asir itself, is brackish, but good from the numberless irrigation wells, that dot the valley to south. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 15 Ask : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053968 coordinate: lat 35.869624 long 52.154718 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Ask , Ask , آب اسک , اسك , VARIANT names: Ask , ※ SOURCE for Ask « There beneath, by the stream, row upon row of mud roofs and a curious tent-like mosque show the village of Ask, » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 323 Aslan Chesmesi ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.052147 long 46.452514 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Aslan Chesmesi ? , Asmangird : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053839 coordinate: lat 28.909 long 53.3032 NIMA/GNS names: Aseman Jerd , Asmangird , آسمان جرد , VARIANT names: Asman Gard , Asmandjird , Asmangird , Asmankard , Asmogeert , As-mongeer , Asmonger , Asmugir (Asmungä) , Assun-Dscherd , Aſſumayer (Assumayer) , Aximunjird , Azimunjird , ※ SOURCE for Asman Gard « Persian text omitted.Asman is a Kurdish village. Abad is five hundred steps outside the village, there is a pond and a caravanserai. The drinking water is for the inhabitants and the fields are river water. » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 585 ※ SOURCE for Asmandjird « Asmandjird » in Map 1. The routes from Shiraz to the Gulf via Lår (1638-1706). (After Jacqueline Calmard, Les routes de Chiraz au Golfe Persique.) #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 5 p. 666 ※ SOURCE for Asmangird « Rivadaneyra continuing his journey from Firūzābād to Darab crossed the river by a ford between the villages of Tadwān and "Assun-Dscherd" (Asmängird?). He also admires the pleasant and flourishing aspect of Khafr. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 6 p. 384 ※ SOURCE for Asmankard « some travellers either stopped at the karavansaray of Asmankard,(84) fn. 84 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 113 (Asmugir); Valentijn, vol. V. p. 262, 285 (karavansaray of Asmongeert; Asmonger); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 312 (Asmongeer). » p. 76 #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 76 ※ SOURCE for Asmogeert « en floegen ons neder in een Karrawanſera Asmogeert genaamd; zagen nog ver van ons af cierlyk geboomte, enveel dorpen, hadden lydende koude, en begonnen van nu af aan de warmte op te loopen. [and drove us down to a Karrawanſera called Asmogeert; saw many trees still far away from us, and many villages suffering from cold, and from now on they began to feel hot.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 263 ※ SOURCE for As-mongeer « Le douzième nous continuames notre route,trouvámes en chemin de gros monceaux de pierres: on voulut nous perfuader que c'é toient les debris d'une ancienne ville, mais je n'en pus découvrir aucuns des fondemens. On voit un grand nombre de villagesde jardins à droite vers les montagnes.Il étoit onze heures du foir, lorfque nous arrivâmes au Caravanserai d' As-mongeer, après avoir traverfé des colinesdes montagnes pierreufes, avec quelques vallées. [On the twelfth we continued our journey, finding large heaps of stones along the way: people tried to convince us that these were the remains of an ancient city, but I was unable to discover any of the foundations. We see a large number of garden villages to the right towards the mountains.It was eleven o'clock in the evening when we arrived at the Caravanserai of As-mongeer, after having crossed the hills of the stony mountains, with some valleys.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 312 ※ SOURCE for Asmonger « Den 1, Mey ter middernacht weder voortgetrokken zynde, quam zyn Ed: na zons opgang in de ruft-plaats Asmonger; [On the 1st of May, having set out again at midnight, his Ed arrived at the resting place Asmonger after sunrise;] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 274 « Den 22. dito na 5 mylen in de Karrawaanſera Asmonger. [The 22nd ditto after 5 miles in the Karrawaanſera Asmonger.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Asmugir (Asmungä) « Es folgten an dem Strom die Dörfer Charbi, Sendjan, Sagadä, Bier, Fesjun, Asmungä, ... den 11. SO+S zu dem nicht weit vom Berge liegenden Dorfe Asmugir, [The villages of Charbi, Sendjan, Sagadä, Bier, Fesjun, Asmungä, ... followed on the river on the 11th SE+S to the village of Asmugir, not far from the mountain,] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ pp. 112-113 ※ SOURCE for Assun-Dscherd « Rivadaneyra continuing his journey from Firūzābād to Darab crossed the river by a ford between the villages of Tadwān and "Assun-Dscherd" (Asmängird?). He also admires the pleasant and flourishing aspect of Khafr. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 6 p. 384 ※ SOURCE for Aſſumayer (Assumayer) « Il Giovedì 23. per 25. miglia di ſtrada piana, ma ſaſſoſa, dopo 8.ore giugnemmo nel Karvanſera d'Aſſumayer, fabbricato di pietre, e calce; cofa rara in Perſia. [On Thursday the 23rd, after 25 miles of flat but rocky road, after 8 hours we reached the Karvanſera d'Aſſumayer, a stone and lime building; which is rare in Persia. ] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 266 ※ SOURCE for Aximunjird « Aximunjird » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} ※ SOURCE for Azimunjird « Azimunjird itself is a pretty little village surrounded by orchards and irrigated fields. Similar villages occur at very frequent intervals on either side of the river from this point to Mazafri, and it would be difficult to find a more fertile little valley in all Persia. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 164 Astakr west city gate : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: Astakr west city gate , Astola island : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -2755051 coordinate: lat 25.1258333 long 63.8363889 NIMA/GNS names: Astalu Island , Astola Island , Astulu Island , VARIANT names: Astola island , Carnine , ※ SOURCE for Carnine « Astola [n. Or Sanga-díp, - E. Whther A'shtolah or Ashtóh is not said. - E.] is a small desolate island, about four or five miles in circumference, situated twelve miles from the coast of Makrán. Its cliffs rise rather abruptly from the sea to the height of about three hundred feet; and it is inaccessible except in one place, which is a sandy beach, about one mile in extent, on the northern side…. Nearchus anchored off it, and called it Carnine…. This island was once famous as the rendezvous of the Jowásimee pirates... » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 266 Asupas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053995 coordinate: lat 30.6427 long 52.3995 NIMA/GNS names: Asopas , Aspas , Asupas , آسپاس , VARIANT names: Affepofe , Asbas al Asepas , Assepose , Asupas , ※ SOURCE for Affepofe « Next night to Affepofe, notable only in an old mud Caftle, fometimes a garrifon; in and about which, are fourty thousand Georgians and Sarcaſshes, by profeflion Chriftians; by quality, Captives; a people much honouring Saint George the Cappadocian Biſhop their converter. They differ from Mahomitans (not in habit, but) in their gray eyes and long white hayre (Albani ab albo crine) after the mode of Antick Gallants, recorded by Pliny and Lucian, tiſſued with fillets of gold or filver. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 148 ※ SOURCE for Asbas al Asepas « e'l sabato a mattina, al far del giorno, avendo camminato cinque leghe, giungemmo a riposare nella villa Asbås, la quale è situata a piè della rottura di un monte, presso un'acqua corrente che cala dalla stessa montagna, sopra la quale, accanto alla villa, è piantato un gran giardino, circondato di mora e di molti alberi di pioppi. [and on Saturday morning, at daybreak, having walked five leagues, we arrived to rest at the Asbås villa, which is situated at the foot of a cleft of a mountain, near a running water that flows from the same mountain, on which, next to the villa, is planted a large garden, surrounded by blackberries and many poplar trees.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 242 ※ SOURCE for Assepose « The 19th daye being Sundaye wee came to Assepose [Asupas], a fine litle towne at the bottom of a high hill. Here we picht, haueing traveled 5 1ges. of very fayr waye. Here is good store of good water, and som good wyne sould by captiue Georgian Cristians. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 75 asyab abi doghlu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.297046 long 51.575438 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: mill اسیاب ابی دوقولو VARIANT names: asyab abi doghlu , At Tawi : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 110421 coordinate: lat 26.177721 long 56.218435 NIMA/GNS names: At Tawi , At Tawi , Tawi , Tawj , الطوي , VARIANT names: At Tawi , Ata Karez : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3369165 coordinate: lat 31.5316667 long 65.1613889 NIMA/GNS names: `Ata Mohammad Kariz , `Atamohammad Karez , Ata Karez , Karez-i-Ata , Karez-v-Ata , VARIANT names: Ata Karez , ※ SOURCE for Ata Karez « ATA KAREZعطا کاریز31-32 66-10 m. A large village, about 35 miles west of Kandahar, or the road to Girishk. It lies 12 miles north of the right bank of the Arghan-dab and 4 miles northwest of the doab, where that river and the Tarnak form a junction. This village, which was built by Ata Muhammad Khan, is inhabited by Ishakzais, Nurzais, and Ghilzais. Supplies of wood, bhusa, grain and flour plentiful; not much grazing for camels (January 1879). Good water from karezes, on which are numerous flour-mills.... The traversable plain is here reduced to the narrow limit of 6 to 8 miles. The roads which meet at, and pass through, Ata Karez are as follows:The great Herat-Kandahar highway, which passes through Kohkaran and crosses the Arghandab opposite Sinjiri, from whence it lies along the open plain to Ata Karez and on to Girishk.The lower road from Kandahar to Girishk, which crosses the Arghandab 13 miles lower down at Panjwai and afterwards traverses the many water-courses on the left bank of the river.... These roads, after concentrating at Ata Karez, bifurcate again, one leading direct on to Girishk through Khushk-i-Nakhud (the main Kandahar-Herat route). Another more circuitous one to the south, via Bala Khana, to Abbaza on the left bank of the Helmand opposite Girishk, where the best ford and ferry over that river are situated. » #3495 Adamec, Ludwig W, Historical and political gazetteer of Afghanistan, Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 1972 ~ vol. 5 p. 62 Atashgah (Niyasar) : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 33.971404 long 51.14192 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Atashgah (Niyasar) , four arched Niyasar , Niasar Fire Temple , ※ SOURCE for Atashgah (Niyasar) online reference link [accessed 28 Dec 2024] ※ SOURCE for four arched Niyasar original persian text omitted « Image 2. I: Four-arched Qanat Bagh II: Four-arched Niasar III: Fire Temple of Atashkuh IV: Four-arched Bazeh Hor Authors (2012) » #3129 Milad and Tedai, Archaeological investigation and analysis of the four-arched Farashband dome complex, Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastanshenasi Iran, 2017 ~ p. 216 ※ SOURCE for Niasar Fire Temple « The 'Komnameh' mentions that "Niasar was also called Niansar, and was one of the Sassanian Ardishir Papekan's foundations, and had a fire-temple." Traces of this fire- temple (or castle) may still be seen, on a hill at the south- western end of the village. A rich merchant of Kashan has a summer house on the hill, and some of the walls of the fire-temple have been utilized. The house stands on the edge of a precipice formed by a perpendicular wall of rock facing the east, and some yards under the house there is a square hole which gives access to a chamber from which four doors (or holes) lead into a second chamber behind it. » #3375 Albert Houtum-Schindler, Eastern Persian Irak, 1897 ~ p. 117 atashkadah nr. Qasr-i Dukhtar chahar taq, Tang-i Chak Chak : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.385023 long 55.056928 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: north west one of two adjacent buildings VARIANT names: atashkadah nr. Qasr-i Dukhtar chahar taq, Tang-i Chak Chak , ※ SOURCE for atashkadah nr. Qasr-i Dukhtar chahar taq, Tang-i Chak Chak « Quarante-sept mètres au nord-ouest du Chahär Täq, se dresse un second édifice, appelé ätashkādah, de même plan carré. La longueur des côtés est de 10,30 m. et la hauteur des murs de 5 m. La couverture qui repose sur des murs de 1,80 m. d'épaisseur s'apparente à une coupole sphérique en calotte. Cette pièce close était pourvue d'au moins une porte qui s'ouvrait sur le côté sud-est, elle avait 3,20 m. de haut et 1,50 m. de large. Vraisemblablement, une seconde porte s'ouvrait sur le côté sud-ouest, près de la rivière, mais cette partie est trop endomma- gée pour que l'on puisse se prononcer sûrement. [Forty-seven meters northwest of the Chahär Täq, stands a second building, called ätashkādah, with the same square plan. The length of the sides is 10.30 m. and the height of the walls 5 m. The roof, which rests on walls 1.80 m. thick, resembles a spherical dome in a cap. This enclosed room had at least one door that opened on the southeast side; it was 3.20 m. high and 1.50 m. wide. Presumably, a second door opened on the southwest side, near the river, but this part is too damaged to be able to say for sure.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 180 atashkodeh atashkuh : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 33.872457 long 50.633838 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: atashkodeh atashkuh , ※ SOURCE for atashkodeh atashkuh original persian text omitted « Image 2. I: Four-arched Qanat Bagh II: Four-arched Niasar III: Fire Temple of Atashkuh IV: Four-arched Bazeh Hor Authors (2012) » #3129 Milad and Tedai, Archaeological investigation and analysis of the four-arched Farashband dome complex, Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastanshenasi Iran, 2017 ~ p. 216 « Ich besuchte den Ort, nachdem ich vorher das sasanidische Feuerheiligtum von Atashküh, 6 km entfernt von Nimvar, aufgesucht hatte. Ich fand es merkwürdig, daß Godard, der die Anlage in Atashküh (3) zum erstenmal ausführlich beschrieben hatte, sie mit dem Bericht von Hamd-Allah Mustaufi über Nimvar in Verbindung brachte, ohne daß er gleichzeitig Nimvar nach Altertümern untersucht hätte. (4) Mustaufi (5) berichtet im 14. Jahrhundert über Nimvar von einem Palast, dessen Überreste noch zu sehen seien und weiter auch von einem Feuertempel. Uber letzteren findet sich auch schon bei Qummi (6) ein Hinweis. Godard ist der Ansicht, daß mit den Angaben Mustaufis über Palast und Feuertempel die Anlagen in Atashküh gemeint seien. fn. 3 s. A. Godard, Aiha Irán III (1938), S. 32-39: M. Siroux, Syria 44 (1967), S. 53-71.fn. 4 Jedenfalls schreibt G. nichts von einem Besuch in Nimvar; andernfalls hätte er sehr wahrscheinlich den hier besprochenen Pfeiler entdeckt.fn. 5 Nuzhat al-Qulab (Ed. G. Le Strange), S. 73.fn. 6 Ta'rikh-i Qumm, S. 74. 15 ff. [I visited the place after having previously visited the Sasanian fire sanctuary of Atashküh, 6 km from Nimvar. I found it strange that Godard, who had first described the complex in Atashküh (3) in detail, linked it to Hamd-Allah Mustaufi's report on Nimvar without having simultaneously investigated Nimvar for antiquities. (4) In the 14th century, Mustaufi (5) reported on Nimvar that there was a palace, the remains of which can still be seen, and also that there was a fire temple. Qummi (6) also mentions the latter. Godard is of the opinion that Mustaufi's information on the palace and fire temple refers to the complex in Atashküh. fn. 3 see A. Godard, Aiha Irán III (1938), pp. 32-39: M. Siroux, Syria 44 (1967), pp. 53-71.fn. 4 In any case, G. does not write anything about a visit to Nimvar; otherwise he would very probably have discovered the pillar discussed here.fn. 5 Nuzhat al-Qulab (Ed. G. Le Strange), p. 73.fn. 6 Ta'rikh-i Qumm, p. 74. 15 ff.] » #3435 Klaus Schippmann, Hinweise und Anmerkungen zu einigen sasanidischen Monumenten, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 vol. 7:pp. 157-162 ~ p. 157 atashkodeh azargashasb : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 36.605134 long 47.234735 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Adhur-Gushnasp fire temple sanctuary, Takht-i Sulaiman , atashkodeh azargashasb , ※ SOURCE for Adhur-Gushnasp fire temple sanctuary, Takht-i Sulaiman « Between 1959 and 1978 the German Archaeological Institute conducted careful excavations and consolidation of the late Sasanian fire-temple sanctuary of Adhur-Gushnasp at Takht-i Sulaiman (Figure 19); (33) following a preliminary survey of the Firuzabad plain in 1972, (34) the same institute investigated Ardashir I’s palace at Qaleh-i Dukhtar near Firuzabad (Figure 20).(35) fn. 33 Naumann and Naumann 1976; Naumann, Huff and Schneider 1975; Huff 2011a: 102–105. fn. 34 Huff 1974. fn. 35 Huff 1976; 1978. » #3109 ed. St John Simpson, Sasanian Archaeology: Settlements, Environment and Material Culture, Archaeopress Archaeology, 2022 ~ p. 7 « The chahar fasl was an architectural form often included in caravanserais of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, such as Qal'eh-Sangui (Siroux 1949, 52, fig. 15) and Ribat Zerdun (Siroux 1949, 103, figs. 63, 64). Two other examples have recently been excavated in Iran; the first is from the rebuilding of structures at the Sasanian site of Takht-i Sulaiman in Azarbaijan. In this site a chahar fasl was superimposed over a Sasanian shrine, presumably a fire temple, during the Mongoi period (possibly during the rule of Abaqa, 1265-82; E. and R. THE WESTERN AREA Naumann 1969; R. Naumann 1975, fig. 3; Huff 1965, figs. 38, 41). » #3143 Whitcomb, Donald S., Before the Roses and Nightingales: Excavations at Quasr-i Abu Nasr, Old Shiraz, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1985 ~ p. 36 atashkodeh elzin : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 36.820512 long 48.984793 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: atashkodeh elzin , ※ SOURCE for atashkodeh elzin This monument is located in the village of El Zain, Chorzaq district, Tarom city, and was registered as one of the historical monuments of Iran on October 1, 1974 with registration number 985. » online reference link [accessed 28 Dec 2024] atashkodeh pircham taram : place IRN (chahar taq) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 36.842467 long 49.011286 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: atashkodeh pircham taram , Ateshkadeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: -3076056 coordinate: lat 28.898 long 52.5392 NIMA/GNS names: Ateshkadeh , Murdastan-e Atashkadeh , Murdestan , آتشکده , VARIANT names: Ateshkadeh , ※ SOURCE for Ateshkadeh « The Palace of Ardashir Pāpakan (in Persian: کاخ اردشير پاپکان, Kākh-e Ardashir-e Pāpakān), also known as the Atash-kadeh آتشکده, is a castle located on the slopes of the mountain on which Dezh Dokhtar is situated. Built in AD 224 by King Ardashir I of the Sassanian Empire, it is located two kilometers (1.2 miles) north of the ancient city of Gor, i.e. the old city of Artakhsher Khwarah/Khor Adashir/Gor Adesheer (Glory of [king] Ardasher) in Pars, in ancient Persia (Iran). The ancient city where the palace is located, was renamed "Peroz" (lit. victorious) after Ardashir established the Sassanian Empire by overthrowing Ardavan, the last Parthian king. After the Arabian conquest, Peroz was called Firuz, and the name remained. The modern city of Firuzabad is hence, of important significance in Persian history. » at online reference link Auha Island : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -789660 coordinate: lat 29.3777778 long 48.4391667 NIMA/GNS names: `Auha Island , `Awhah , Auhah Island , Jazirat `Awhah , Jazirat Auha , Jazirat Auhah , VARIANT names: Auha Island , 'Auhah , Hoa , ※ SOURCE for Auha Island « Kuwait, and especially the island of Failaka, was one of the main centres of Dilmun civilisation in the northern area of the Gulf. As I mentioned above, there are at least four sites on Failaka itself dating to the golden age of the Dilmun period, that is the end of the 3rd millennium: F 3 and F 6 are the most important, but we must not forget the small site G 3, which we excavated in 1983 (Calvet in Salles 1984, 51-72); it was most probably a bronze craftmanship area. » #2921 Yves Calvet, Failaka and the northern part of Dilmun, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1989 vol. 19:pp. 5-11 ~ p. 8 ※ SOURCE for 'Auhah « ad est 'Auhah rappresenta l'estremo protendimento sud-orientale della panchina, giacendo a poco piu di km. 3 dall'estremità sud-est dell'isola di Failakah; anche essa è bassa e sabbiosa. [to the east 'Auhah represents the extreme south-eastern extension of the bench, lying just over km. 3 from the southeast end of Failakah Island; it too is low and sandy.] » #2947 S. Patitucci, G. Uggeri, Failakah : insediamenti medievali islamici ricerche e scavi nel Kuwait, L'Erma di Bretschneider, Rome, 1984 ~ p. 10 ※ SOURCE for Hoa « Hoa » in {map#835 Afteekening van de PERSISCHE GOLF, Johannes van Keulen, 1753, Nationaalarchief, The Hague 4 VEL S6B 033 Kaart 13} see AHduGP map 55 Ausinza : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.4761 long 52.6074 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Ausinza , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Ausinza AT Asalu lat 27.4761 long 52.6074 [Gossellin], ※ SOURCE for Ausinza « Ausinza [Positions Anciennes, selon Ptolémée] | 93. 0. 29. 20. [Graduation de Ptolémée] | 35. 0. | 35. 0. | 292. | 15. 45. [Plus Grande Distance] | Aslo? [Positions Modernes] » #2703 P.-F.-J. Gossellin, Recherches sur la géographie systématique et positive des anciens. Tome 3 / ; pour servir de base à l'histoire de la géographie ancienne., Impr. de la République, 1798-1813, ~ vol. 3 p. 126 Tableau N.° II. Côtes Orientales Du Golfe Persique. « Ausinza » in #2678 Alexander George Findlay, A classical atlas to illustrate ancient geography, W. Tegg and Company, 1847, ~ Plate XXIV, Imperium Persicum « Ausinza » in #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882, ~ plate XV « An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 94 unlocated Ausinza/Sausinda » A. Hausleiter, M. Roaf, R. Wenke, P. Flensted Jensen, R. Talbert, T. Elliott, and S. Gillies, 'Ausinza/Sausinda: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2012 at online reference link [accessed 13 Sep 2023] Aviz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054086 coordinate: lat 28.9158 long 52.059 NIMA/GNS names: Aviz , آویز , VARIANT names: Aviz , ※ SOURCE for Aviz « This plain is very bare for the first. 4 miles, i.e., till within 2 miles of the village, when cultivation begins (wheat is harvested at the end of May). At 29½ miles Faräshband is reached. Farashband is said to contain 300 houses, and about 1,000 inhabitants; cows 150; donkeys 300; sheep and goats 600, horses 40. Route No. I (n) connects here. 4 miles N. of Farashband is the bamlet of Aviz.S » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 65 Ayahat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087623 coordinate: lat 27.729439 long 52.177302 NIMA/GNS names: `Ayanat , Ayahat , Ayhat , Tombak , Tonbak , Tumbak , اياهات , ايهات , تمبک , تنبك , عيانات , VARIANT names: Ayahat , 'Ayanat , Ayenat , 'Ayyenat , Eienat , Iyayaraat , Tombac , Tombek , Tumbak , ※ SOURCE for 'Ayanat « Ayenat ('Ayánát), about 9 miles northwestward of Tahiri, is a village, with a few trees interspersed among the houses; there is a small square tower and also date groves at either end, and a large square house at the western end. There is anchorage off it in 10 fathoms, which is said to be tolerably good in shamals; a small reef of rocks off the village forms a boat harbor. About miles north- westward of Ayenat is Mayalu (Miyalu), a little village. » #2772 United States Hydrographic Office, Persian Gulf Pilot: Comprising the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Omán and the Makran Coast, Hydrographic Office Publication No. 158, The Persian Gulf Pilot, Washington, 1920 ~ p. 250 « Ayánát, situated about 3 miles north-westward of Achar, is a village, that is also known as Tumbak, with a few trees interspersed amongst the houses, and date groves at either end of it. A tower stands at the western end of the village. See view facing page 145. Anchorage, open but said to be tolerably good during a shamál, may be obtained off 'Ayánát in a depth of 10 fathoms (18m3).Two reefs, marked by breakers, lie one on each side of 'Ayánát and form a boat harbour; they extend parallel with the coast at from one-half to three-quarters of a mile offshore; the western reef is about 1 miles in length and the eastern reef one mile. The channel hout half a mile wide. The landing is good. » #353 The Persian Gulf Pilot 1870 - 1932 8th edition, Archive Editions, Slough, 1989 ~ p.153 ※ SOURCE for Ayenat « Ayenat ('Ayánát), about 9 miles northwestward of Tahiri, is a village, with a few trees interspersed among the houses; there is a small square tower and also date groves at either end, and a large square house at the western end. There is anchorage off it in 10 fathoms, which is said to be tolerably good in shamals; a small reef of rocks off the village forms a boat harbor. About miles north- westward of Ayenat is Mayalu (Miyalu), a little village. » #2772 United States Hydrographic Office, Persian Gulf Pilot: Comprising the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Omán and the Makran Coast, Hydrographic Office Publication No. 158, The Persian Gulf Pilot, Washington, 1920 ~ p. 250 ※ SOURCE for 'Ayyenat « Bald hinter Šilâh erreicht man den Ankerplatz der,Quellen 'Ayyenât mit einer 5 Miles landeinwärts zu 4660' sich erhebenden Landmarke; [Soon after Šilâh one reaches the anchorage of the 'Ayyenât Springs' with a landmark rising 5 miles inland to 4660'; » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 58 ※ SOURCE for Eienat « Eïenat » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Iyayaraat « Iyayaraat » in {map#1125 The Coast from Bushire to Basadore, in the Persian Gulf, G.B. Brucks and S.B. Haines, 1828, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3630/27, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Tombac « Tombac a 400 habitants commerçants, cultivateurs, marins, pêcheurs de poissons. 20 Juifs. Céréales, dattes, animaux, bois de chauffage, charbon. [Tombac has 400 inhabitants, traders, farmers, sailors, fishermen. 20 Jews. Cereals, dates, animals, firewood, coal.] » #3329 R. Vadala, Le Golfe Persique, Librairie Arthur Rousseau, 1920 ~ p. 86 ※ SOURCE for Tombek « A environ trois kilomètres plus loin, c'est Tombek, grand village de pêcheurs de plus de 800 habitants, situé tout près de la plage même, qui ici n'est couverte que de galets. Selon Vadala il y avait là 400 habitants dont 20 Juifs, commerçants, cultivateurs, marins et pêcheurs, 18 voiliers, et exportation de céréales, dattes, animaux, bois de chauffage et charbon. [About three kilometres further on is Tombek, a large fishing village of more than 800 inhabitants, located very close to the beach itself, which here is covered only with pebbles. According to Vadala there were 400 inhabitants there, including 20 Jews, traders, farmers, sailors and fishermen, 18 sailing ships, and export of cereals, dates, animals, firewood and coal.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 78 ※ SOURCE for Tumbak « Tumbak » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Az Zahir 40a : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 870 978 converted to coordinate: lat 22.57685 long 58.80332 VARIANT names: Az Zahir 40a , ※ SOURCE for Az Zahir 40a « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 47 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Az Zahir 40b : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 854 006 converted to coordinate: lat 22.60214 long 58.80365 VARIANT names: Az Zahir 40b , ※ SOURCE for Az Zahir 40b « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 47 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Az Zubarah : place QAT NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -785362 coordinate: lat 25.9833333 long 51.0333333 NIMA/GNS names: Al-Zubara , Az Zubara , Az Zubarah , Zubara , Zubarah , VARIANT names: Az Zubarah , ※ SOURCE for Az Zubarah « AI-Huwailah is described (Lorimer, IIA, 754) as being the chief town of Qatar before the rise of Doha and al-Zubarah and it appears on the D'Anville/ Niebuhr map of 1765 as Huali (Johnstone and Wilkinson, 1960, 442). » #2856 Edi: Beatrice De Cardi, Qatar Archaeological Report Excavations 1973, Published For The Qatar National Museum by Oxford University Press, 1978 ~ p. 191 Az Zubayr : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: none UFI: 14704387 coordinate: lat 30.39606 long 47.7083 NIMA/GNS names: Az Zubayr , Ma`had al Mu`allimat al Masa'i al Markazi - Az Zubayr , الزبير , معهد المعلمات المسائي المركزي - الزبير , VARIANT names: al-Zubayr , Az Zubayr , old Basra , ※ SOURCE for al-Zubayr « and beginning our measurement from old Basra (the present al-Zubayr), we proceed 12 miles = 19.32 km (4 farsakh) to the Shatt aI-Arab. From here to the modern town of Muhayrij set between the former confluence of Tigris Channels I and 2, » #2970 John Honsman, Charax And The Karkheh, Iranica antiqua, 1967 vol. 7:pp. 21-58 ~ p. 51 ※ SOURCE for Az Zubayr #Error ※ SOURCE for old Basra « in fig. 70 » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ p. 23 « Old Basra, the ruins of which lie about 8 mile south-west by west of the modern town, and extend for about 3 miles in the same direction up to the walls of Zobeir, was founded by the Caliph Omar in A. D. 638. In the Middle Ages Old Basra was famous as a seat of learning, and as the port for the sea-borne commerce between the flourishing Mesopotamia of the Caliphate and the countries of the further East. » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917, ~ vol. 1 p. 395 Azar Faranbagh Fire Temple : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) VARIANT names: Adhar-Farrbagu , Adur Farnbag , Adur Farrobay , Atur Farnbag or Farrbag , Azar Faranbagh Fire Temple , ※ SOURCE for Adhar-Farrbagu « An example of this attention to their religion is the most highly venerated fire in Fars, the Adhar-Farrbagu, the fire of the mobadhs, located at Kariyan. At the time of the Arab conquest, the fire was divided and part was sent to Nissa (or Baidha). The fears of the Zoroastrians were well justified when Ziyad b. Somiyya did extinguish the fire at Kariyan; it was soon rekindled, however, and remained the center of the cult in southern Iran. » #3094 Donald Whitcomb, Trade and Tradition In Medieval Southern Iran - Thesis, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 1979 ~ p. 180 ※ SOURCE for Adur Farnbag Referring to Shahneshin « Ich nehme an, daß auf dieser Akropolis das Feuerheiligtum Adur Farnbag gestanden hat, leider lassen die geringen Reste heute keine einwandfreie Lokalisierung mehr zu. [I assume that the fire sanctuary of Adur Farnbag stood on this acropolis, unfortunately the few remains today no longer allow a clear localization.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 194 ※ SOURCE for Adur Farrobay « The Sasanian royal family's fire temple of Adur Anāhid at Istakhr had been transformed into the hypostyle Masjid-i Sulayman, shortly after that the Arab conquest of the city in 28/649,94 but the Adur Anāhid holy fire was first relocated to a smaller temple, also at Istakhr, under protection by magi. The canonical fire temple of Adur Farrobay at Kariyān (Kāryān), also in Fars province, was razed by 'Ubayd-Allah b. Abi Bakra in the year 50/670, on orders of Ziyad b. Abihi, the Umayyad governor of Iraq. However the magi had already divided the Adur Farrobay flame, regarded as the icon of Zoroastrian clergy and nobility, into two portions, to safeguard against extinguishing by zealous Muslims. One portion was reestablished at Kariyan, while the other burned at Fasā. (95) » #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ p. 242 ※ SOURCE for Atur Farnbag or Farrbag « Als am meisten verehrter Feuertempel wird in dem betreffenden Abschnitt erwähnt derjenige in al-Käriyan, welcher nach Jackson's Untersuchung (JAOS 1921) das Atur Farnbag oder vielleicht besser Farrbag ist, das nach der Überlieferung in alter oder älterer Zeit von Hwarizm nach Fars gebracht worden war. Bei al-Birūni heisst dieser Tempel ädar hwarra; im Ist.-IH.-Text wird bait när farrä zu lesen sein. [The most revered fire temple mentioned in the relevant section is that in al-Käriyan, which according to Jackson's investigation (JAOS 1921) is the Atur Farnbag or perhaps better Farrbag, which according to tradition was brought from Hwarizm to Fars in ancient or older times. In al-Birūni this temple is called ädar hwarra; in the Ist.-IH. text it will read bait när farrä.] » #3348 J. H. Kramers, Analecta Orientalia Volume I, Posthumous Writings and Selected Minor Works, Brill, Leiden, 1954 ~ p. 364 ※ SOURCE for Azar Faranbagh Fire Temple [coordinates obtained from Google Maps, 01 March 2024. PBR] « 31. KARIYAN, a borough of Daragird within (... ndr?) (3) an inaccessible (sa'b) and strong fortress (hisar). A venerated fire-temple is found in it. fn. 3 Cf. § 36, 15.» #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 128 « Kariyan - Attestations: One of the three major holy fire temples of the Sasanians, Azar Farnbagh (ādur i farnbagh), or the fire of the priests, is believed to be identical with the Kariyan fire temple in Ardashir Khurrah (64). Mas'udi reported in his Moruj al-dhahab that, when the Muslims arrived, the Magians divided the holy fire of the Kariyan fire temple, taking some of it to Nasa (modern Beyza) following concerns that the Arabs might extinguish it (65). Nevertheless, the Karyian fire temple seems to have been operating well into the 4th/10th century, when it was recorded as one of the important fire temples of Fars (Muq. : 427; Hod. : 128). Kariyan, as one of the three major fire temples, distributed its flame to other, smaller temples, as was customary during the period (66). Another name given to this fire temple in the early Islamic sources is Nar Farra (Ist. : 118; Hoq. : 273). Interestingly, Nar means Fire in Arabic, and Farra can be seen as a shortened modified form of Farnbagh, hence together meaning Azar Farnbagh (The Fire of Farnbagh). - Identification: The modern village of Kariyan is located about 50 km to the south of Jahrom. Vanden Berghe made only a brief mention of the ruins of a fire temple near Kariyan (67). fn. 64 Jackson, 1921: 81-106 fn. 65 Mas'udi, vol. 2: 399 fn. 66 Christensen, 1384Š/1936: 175-6 fn. 67 Vanden Berghe, 1959: 486 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 18 Azarbaijan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RGN UFI: -3054143 coordinate: lat 37 long 46 NIMA/GNS names: Aderbaijan , Azarbaijan , Azarbayjan , Azerbaijan , Azerbijan , آذربايجان , ازربايجان , VARIANT names: Azarbaijan , Azerbaijan , Azarjoo Fire Temple : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.772972 long 54.413886 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Azarjoo Fire Temple , ChahārṬāq dans la Plaine de Darab , Darabgird feuerheiligtumer , ※ SOURCE for Azarjoo Fire Temple « Azarjoo Fire Temple is one of the fire temples in the city of Darab , 10 kilometers west of the city of Darabgerd . The Azarjoo Fire Temple is a four-arched structure with a round dome, the main roof of which has been destroyed. " Maqdassi ", one of the historians, has defined Azarjoo as a city of fire. In front of this fire temple, there is a high mountain called " Hafar Siyah " and a large natural spring called "Aghlan-Qaz". The Azarjoo Fire Temple is located one kilometer from the village of Kersia and was registered as one of the national monuments of Iran on June 17, 2006 with registration number 15602. » online reference link [accessed 31 Dec 2024] ※ SOURCE for ChahārṬāq dans la Plaine de Darab « Il est situé à moins de 2 km. au nord du village d'Afrasiyab, que la route Shiraz-Bandar Abbas traverse environ 15 km. avant d' atteindre la ville de Darab. Nous étions venus en cet endroit (coordonnées 24168-7940) parce que les cartes aériennes y indiquaient la présence d'une haute falaise abrupte, d'une source et d'un grand arbre isolé, éléments qui marquent parfois le site d'un monument cultuel ancien ou moderne. Ce lieu est appelé localement Urlangaz, ou encore "Pesar va Dukhtar" ("le fils et la fille"), du nom des deux sources qui jaillissent au pied de la falaise, où elles forment chacune un grand bassin. [It is located less than 2 km. north of the village of Afrasiyab, which the Shiraz-Bandar Abbas road crosses for about 15 km. before reaching the town of Darab. We had come to this place (coordinates 24168-7940) because the aerial maps indicated the presence of a high steep cliff, a spring and a large isolated tree, elements which sometimes mark the site of an ancient or modern cult monument. This place is locally called Urlangaz, or "Pesar va Dukhtar" ("the son and the daughter"), from the name of the two springs which gush at the foot of the cliff, where they each form a large basin.] » #3434 Pierre de Miroschedji, Un ChahārṬāq dans la Plaine de Darab, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1980 vol. 18:pp. 157-160 ~ p. 157 ※ SOURCE for Darabgird feuerheiligtumer « Däräbgird, Färs1 Däräbgird oder Däräb, wie es heute heißt, liegt 272 km von Širāz entfernt. Die Distanz Fasā Däräb beträgt 106 km (10).Karte des “War Office and Air Ministry” (11): Däräb UP 3091. fn. 10 Entfernung nach der Karte des „Ministry of Roads", Teheran 1969.fn. 11 1961, Series 1404, Sheet 443 D, Ed. 1-GSGS [Däräbgird, Färs1 Däräbgird or Däräb, as it is called today, is 272 km from Širāz. The distance to Fasā Däräb is 106 km (10).Map of the “War Office and Air Ministry” (11): Däräb UP 3091. fn. 10 Distance according to the map of the “Ministry of Roads”, Teheran 1969.fn. 11 1961, Series 1404, Sheet 443 D, Ed. 1-GSGS] » #3098 Klaus Schippmann, Die iranischen Feuerheiligtümer, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 1971 ~ p. 84 Azizabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3369436 coordinate: lat 33.365 long 62.3436111 NIMA/GNS names: `Azizabad , Aizabad , Ayazabad , VARIANT names: Aisabad , Azizabad , ※ SOURCE for Aisabad « 22. Aisabad (20 miles 1 furlong-295 miles 3 furlongs).-Abund-ance of water. The plain is rather marshy; forage for both horses and camels abundant; fuel scarce. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 333 Azizabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 224474 coordinate: lat 28.9436 long 58.6993 NIMA/GNS names: `Azizabad , Qal`eh-ye `Azizabad , عزیز آباد , قلعه عزیز آباد , VARIANT names: Azizabad , Azna : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054203 coordinate: lat 33.456434 long 49.456456 NIMA/GNS names: Azna , Ezna , ازنا , VARIANT names: Azna , B11 Moghu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5431, 2636 converted to coordinate: lat 26.6 long 54.5166666666667 VARIANT names: B11 Moghu , ※ SOURCE for B11 Moghu « Other variants: none Details: The location of Moghu is given by Adamec (1989: 553). No. of sherds: 16 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B12 Bandar Hosseineh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5422, 2639 converted to coordinate: lat 26.65 long 54.3666666666667 VARIANT names: B12 Bandar Hosseineh , ※ SOURCE for B12 Bandar Hosseineh « Other variants: Bandar-e Hasineh Details: More than one location is listed for an equivalent version of the place name, Bandar-e Hasineh, but only one of these falls within the relevant region. The location of this is given (USBGN: 59). No. of sherds: 46 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B13 Charek : arch. site IRN UTM: 5416, 2643 converted to coordinate: lat 26.731389 long 54.275278 VARIANT names: B13 Charek , ※ SOURCE for B13 Charek « Other variants: none Details: The location of Charek is given by Adamec (1989: 165). No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « coordinates corrected » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 771 B14 Charek : arch. site IRN UTM: 5416, 2643 converted to coordinate: lat 26.731389 long 54.275278 VARIANT names: B14 Charek , ※ SOURCE for B14 Charek « Other variants: none Details: See B14. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « coordinates corrected » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 771 B15 Tavuneh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5400, 2646 converted to coordinate: lat 26.7666666666667 long 54 VARIANT names: B15 Tavuneh , ※ SOURCE for B15 Tavuneh « Other variants: Tahuneh Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Tahuneh, is listed and the location of this is given (Adamec, 1989: 752). The location also corresponds with the position of the site, which is marked on an annotated map in the Collection Archive marked ‘Type 2 Londo Ware’. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B16 Tavuneh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5412, 2643 converted to coordinate: lat 26.7166666666667 long 54.2 VARIANT names: B16 Tavuneh , ※ SOURCE for B16 Tavuneh « Other variants: See B15 Details: See B15. No. of sherds: 24 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B17 T. Muveh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5358, 2646 converted to coordinate: lat 26.7666666666667 long 53.966389 VARIANT names: B17 T. Muveh , ※ SOURCE for B17 T. Muveh « Other variants: none Details: The toponym could not be identified, however the site location is given by Rougeulle (199 1b: fig. 1). What source she based her identification on is not clear. The precise position of the site has been given where a group of ruins are marked (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 45 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 corrected « Site: B17 Toponym: T. Muvch Lat: 26°46'00N Long: 53°57'59E Sherds: 44 Size: Unknown Location and description: location given by Rougeulle (1991b: fig. 1), though on what basis is not clear; precise position given as ruins marked on TPC H-7D. Finds: SPLASH.P (9); SMAG.A (5); OPAQ,W1 (4); CHANG (2); CLINKY (2); GLAZ.DEG (2); SLIP.TB (2); SMAG.B (2); TURQ.3 (2); CBW (1); CREAC (1); FINT (1); GRIT (1); GRIT.LV (1); GROG.LV (1); N-ID.CG (1); OPAQ.C (1); OPAQ,N-ID (1); OPAQ,TS (1); ORG.H (1); SBBW (1); SMAG.RC (1); TURQ.1 (1) » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 771 B18 Gurzeh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5358, 2644 converted to coordinate: lat 26.742222 long 53.9625 VARIANT names: B18 Gurzeh , ※ SOURCE for B18 Gurzeh « Other variants: Bandar-e Korzeh Details: Equivalent versions of the place name, including Gurzeh and Bandar-e Korzeh, are listed and their location is given (USBGN: 59). No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 corrected « Site: B18 Toponym: Gurzeh Lat: 26°44'32N Long: 53°57'45E Sherds: 3 Size: Unknown Location and description: location given for 'Gerzeh' or 'Bandar-e Korzeh' (USBGN 1956: 59). Finds: FRIT.TB (1); JULFAR.PB (1); UGP.CB (1) » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 773 B19 Gurzeh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5358, 2644 converted to coordinate: lat 26.742222 long 53.9625 VARIANT names: B19 Gurzeh , ※ SOURCE for B19 Gurzeh « Other variants: See B18 Details: See B18. No. of sherds: 26 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 corrected « Site: B19 Toponym: Gurzeh Lat: 26°44'32N Long: 53°57'45E Sherds: 26 Size: Unknown Location and description: see B18. Finds: SMAG.A (5); IRPW(3); TURQ.1(3); FIGRIT(1); FINT(1); FOPW.2 (1); GRAF.D(1); IGSJ(1); LISV.A(1); N-ID.CG(1); AQ.TS(1); ORG.H(1); REBROS(1); SMAG.B(1); SMAG.C(1); SMAG.RC(1); SPLASH.P(1); TURQ.3 (1) » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 773 B2 Jisheh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5452, 2632 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5333333333333 long 54.8666666666667 VARIANT names: B2 Jisheh , ※ SOURCE for B2 Jisheh « Other variants: Yisheh, Gasheh, Ras Khargu Details: Yisheh, Gasheh or Ras Khargu are listed as equivalent versions of the same place name and their location is given (Adamec, 1989: 353). The Site Card for B2 also contains the sub- heading Shiu 1, but the reason for the second toponym is not clear. No. of sherds: 8 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B20 Kal'at 'Abd al-Rahman : arch. site IRN UTM: 5337, 2646 converted to coordinate: lat 26.7666666666667 long 53.6166666666667 VARIANT names: B20 Kal'at 'Abd al-Rahman , ※ SOURCE for B20 Kal'at 'Abd al-Rahman « Other variants: none Details: The toponym could not be identified, however the site location is given by Rougeulle (199 1b: fig. 1). What source she based her identification on is not clear. The precise position of the site has been given where a ruined fort is marked (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 124 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B21 Kal'at ‘Abd al-Rahman : arch. site IRN UTM: 5337, 2646 converted to coordinate: lat 26.7666666666667 long 53.6166666666667 VARIANT names: B21 Kal'at ‘Abd al-Rahman , ※ SOURCE for B21 Kal'at ‘Abd al-Rahman « Other variants: none Details: See B20. No. of sherds: 24 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B22 Kal'at 'Abd al-Rahman : arch. site IRN UTM: 5337, 2646 converted to coordinate: lat 26.7666666666667 long 53.6166666666667 VARIANT names: B22 Kal'at 'Abd al-Rahman , ※ SOURCE for B22 Kal'at 'Abd al-Rahman « Other variants: none Details: See B20. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B23 Tavuneh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5412, 2643 converted to coordinate: lat 26.7166666666667 long 54.2 VARIANT names: B23 Tavuneh , ※ SOURCE for B23 Tavuneh « Other variants: Tahuneh Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Tahuneh, is listed and the location o f this is given (Adamec, 1989: 752). No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B24 Ruvan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5435, 2635 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5833333333333 long 54.5833333333333 VARIANT names: B24 Ruvan , ※ SOURCE for B24 Ruvan « Other variants: Ruvvan, Details: Equivalent versions of the place name, including Ruvvan and Bandar-e Divan are listed and their location is given (USBGN: 59). No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B25 Tavuneh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5412, 2643 converted to coordinate: lat 26.7166666666667 long 54.2 VARIANT names: B25 Tavuneh , ※ SOURCE for B25 Tavuneh « Other variants: Bandar-e Details: See B23. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B29 Kal'at 'Abd al-Rahman : arch. site IRN UTM: 5337, 2646 converted to coordinate: lat 26.7666666666667 long 53.6166666666667 VARIANT names: B29 Kal'at 'Abd al-Rahman , ※ SOURCE for B29 Kal'at 'Abd al-Rahman « Other variants: Divan Details: See B20. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B3 Jisheh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5452, 2632 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5333333333333 long 54.8666666666667 VARIANT names: B3 Jisheh , ※ SOURCE for B3 Jisheh « Other variants: Yisheh, Gasheh, Ras Khargu Details: Yisheh, Gasheh or Ras Khargu are listed as equivalent versions of the same place name and their location is given (Adamec, 1989: 353). No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B4 Shenas : arch. site IRN UTM: 5448, 2631 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5166666666667 long 54.8 VARIANT names: B4 Shenas , ※ SOURCE for B4 Shenas « Other variants: Shias Details: A n equivalent version o f the place name, Shias, is listed and the location of this is given (Adamec iii. 1989: 672). No. of sherds: 69 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B6 Shenas : arch. site IRN UTM: 5448, 2631 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5166666666667 long 54.8 VARIANT names: B6 Shenas , ※ SOURCE for B6 Shenas « Other variants: See B5 Details: See B5. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B7 Millu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5444, 2631 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5166666666667 long 54.7333333333333 VARIANT names: B7 Millu , ※ SOURCE for B7 Millu « Other variants: Milu, Details: Two equivalent versions of the place No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B8 Bostaneh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5439, 2631 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5166666666667 long 54.65 VARIANT names: B8 Bostaneh , ※ SOURCE for B8 Bostaneh « Other variants: Molu Details: name, Milu and Molu, are listed and No. of sherds: 30 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 B9 Bostaneh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5439, 2631 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5166666666667 long 54.65 VARIANT names: B9 Bostaneh , ※ SOURCE for B9 Bostaneh « Other variants: none Details: their location is given (USBGN: 354). No. of sherds: 46 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Ba Qalat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077810 coordinate: lat 27.276045 long 53.721004 NIMA/GNS names: Ba Qalat , Baqlat , Pa Ghalat , Pa Kalat , Pa Oalat , Pa Qalat , Pa yi Kalat , Paghelat , Paqalat , پاغلات , پاقلات , VARIANT names: Ba Qalat , Pa Kalat , ※ SOURCE for Pa Kalat « Pa Kalat » in {map#1317 GSGS 4340 SOUTHERN ASIA 1:2 000 000 SOUTH IRAN, War Office, London, 1945, } Bab Ardashir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.845237 long 52.527857 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bab Ardashir , ※ SOURCE for Bab Ardashir « Bab Ardashir » in {map#1282 in #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ fig. map 1 Map of Medieval Shiraz based on textual sources} Bab Bahram : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.856885 long 52.522926 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bab Bahram , ※ SOURCE for Bab Bahram « Bab Bahram » in {map#1282 in #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ fig. map 1 Map of Medieval Shiraz based on textual sources} Bab Hormizd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.860904 long 52.537197 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bab Hormizd , ※ SOURCE for Bab Hormizd « Bab Hormizd » in {map#1282 in #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ fig. map 1 Map of Medieval Shiraz based on textual sources} Bab Mihr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.848531 long 52.541179 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bab Mihr , ※ SOURCE for Bab Mihr « Bab Mihr » in {map#1282 in #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ fig. map 1 Map of Medieval Shiraz based on textual sources} Bab Mukhaylif : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: STRT UFI: 153550 coordinate: lat 26.37517 long 56.41335 NIMA/GNS names: Bab Mikhaylif , Bab Mukhaylif , باب مخيليف , VARIANT names: Bab Mukhaylif , ※ SOURCE for Bab Mukhaylif HMSO, Series K6611, Sheet NG 40-6E, Edition 2-GSGS Baba Arab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745103 coordinate: lat 28.580532 long 53.76692 NIMA/GNS names: `Alaviyeh , Baba `Arab , Bab-e `Arab , Bab-i-Arab , بابا عرب , علویه , VARIANT names: Baba Arab , ※ SOURCE for Baba Arab « ½ mile 250 to Bab Arab » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 163 « A subsequent ride of some 5 miles down the valley allowed me to visit the small village of Bab-i-'Arab, to which a small rivulet carries water from the hill-range west of the Fasā valley. Here distant snow-covered mountains enclosing the Jah- rüm basin came once again into view. The Tal-i-Bāzwan mound, less than a mile to the west of the village, proved to be a low natural hillock with scanty traces of a small fort. Judging from the ceramic remains to be seen on the surface it appeared to have been occupied down to medieval times. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 160 Baba Haji C. : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.371624 long 52.662495 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Baagì , Baba Haddji , Baba Hadji , Baba Hajees , Baba Haji C. , Baba Hhadji , Babaadgi , Baba-Adgi , Babaghali , Babagi , Babahaagi (Baba-hhadjy) , Babbahad-jie , Babe Hasy , Bäwärji-Sarai , Bobba Hodge , Bobbahodge , Bobbaw-hodgee , Bobohogi , Carab-Bajar , Carawanfera (Struys 05 apr) , Carvanfera Babbahasj , ※ SOURCE for Baagì « On the 21st at the usual hour we began traveling again in a very beautiful plain, in the middle of which we ate at the 24th hour. At the 6th hour of the night we stopped in the caravanserai Baghan (28) after having passed two or three small mountains which are at one end of that plain. fn. 28. Bembo's "Baagi." » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 297 ※ SOURCE for Baba Haddji « den 8. Dez. gereist nach der Karawanserei Baba Haddji (Baba Håddji) 5 Farsach, die schlecht von Feldsteinen erbaut war. [December 8th traveled to the caravanserai Baba Haddji (Baba Håddji) 5 Farsach, which was poorly built of field stones.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 111 ※ SOURCE for Baba Hadji « Je m'arrête à l'étang d'eau douce de Baba Hadji, où, à ma première visite en 1935, j'avais trouvé une multitude énorme d'oiseaux et où l'eau semblait fourmiller de poissons, de reptiles et de batraciens. Cette fois-ci, il n'y a là pas le moindre oiseau et dans l'eau claire je n'aperçois aucune faune macroscopique, mais les jolis nénufars sont en fleurs et ma récolte de Crustacés, péniblement exécutée avec un seul bras, est des plus fructueuses (83, p. 259). [I stop at the fresh water pond of Baba Hadji, where, on my first visit in 1935, I found an enormous multitude of birds and where the water seemed to teem with fish, reptiles and amphibians. This time, there is not the slightest bird there and in the clear water I don't see any macroscopic fauna, but the pretty water lilies are in flower and my harvest of crustaceans, painfully carried out with a single arm, is most fruitful (83, p. 259).] »#3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p.180 « Laissant à gauche divers villages, nous attei- gnîmes un caravansérail appelé Baba-hadji, près duquel est une source, et où nous nous arrêtâmes pendant une heure pour faire prendre haleine à nos chevaux. A cinquante pas de ce caravansérail, est une cellule où se tient un dervich, qui vit des aumônes des voyageurs. [Leaving on the left various villages, we reached a caravanserai called Baba-hadji, near which is a spring, and where we stopped for an hour to let our horses take breath. Fifty paces from this caravanserai is a cell where a dervish lives, who lives on the alms of travelers.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 463 ※ SOURCE for Baba Hajees « Baba Hajees » in {map#1233 Route Map Shiraz to Bushire round trip, TAYLOR R L Lieutenant-Colonel, 1858, British Library: IOR X/3125, route map 5} ※ SOURCE for Baba Haji C. « The Mahalu mountains were still on our left. Seven miles from Deh-i-Nau, they throw out a low spur, which divides the plain of Shiraz from that of Kavar. It is crossed by a road called Baba Haji's Pass 4 (gardana i Baba Haji), and there is also an easier road which turns the point of the spur, and which is used by the Qawam's carriage, when he takes his drives abroad. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 77 « BABA HAJI-LAT. 29° 21' N.; LONG. 52° 40' E.; ELEV . A village in Färs, 15 miles from Shiraz, on the road to Firūzabad, from which it is distant 51 miles. A few supplies are procurable here from the nomads, and there is generally some grain stored in the village. Water is derived from a spring. The climate here in summer is said to be cool and refreshing. These distances differ from those given in routes. St. John and Ross describe it as only a caravanserai, 20 miles from Shiraz. There is fruit procurable, Grazing reported good. Supplies easily obtainable in limited quantity from numerous villages in the neighbourhood. A mule track diverges to Sarvistán valley (Wilson-Pelly.) »#2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ p. 177 « Every traveller, with the exception of Hedges, considered Baba Hajji a poor karavansaray. It was situated at the end of the Shiraz plain, which is about twelve leagues in length and, in some places, two leagues in width. Water was not good here. The karavansaray was rather large, but partly dilapidated. It stood alone, was badly constructed of freestone and, in one word was "wretched". It had been named after its founder who was buried close by. It had no good water, though a little beyond the karavansaray there was some to be found. The karavansaray was close to a cluster of seven villages, of which the most populous one contained the karavansaray. In 1717 this last was old, though still a reasonable place for staying the night. According to Hedges, Baba Hajji was situated in a fine, well-watered plain and was wellstored with provisions. (79) fn. 78 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 111 (Pylli Pessa); Speelman, pp. 83-4 (Ousjouael); Fryer, vol. II, p. 209 (the Beggards- Garden called Udgewally); Valentijn, vol. V, p. 284 (Oesiwat; Osiwar); KA 1793, fol. 999 (Oudsjou alla); de Silva y Figueroa, p. 105 (Ochiar). The lake refers to the Darya-i Mahalu, a salt lake, where there was also a karavansaray, p. 351. Jean Aubin (ed. and tr.). L'Ambassade de Gregorio Pereira Fidalgo à la cour de Chah Soltan Hosseyn 1696-1692 (Lisbon, 1971), pp. 42-3 (Uxuan).fn. 79 Stodart, p. 79 (Bobohogi); Thevenot, vol. II. p.127 (Baba- Adgi); Valentijn, vol. V. p. 262 (Babaghasi); Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 111 (Baba Haddji); Speelman, p. 83 (Babe Hasy); Herbert, p. 107 (Bobbaw-hodgee); Fryer, vol. II, p. 208 (Bobba Hodge); Strauszens, p. 193 (Dobba); Hedges, p. 207 (Bobba Hadgee); KA 1793, fol. 998b (Bha Bha Hadje); Tavernier, p. 310 (Babaadgi); Winninx, 22 July (Babba Hasi); Chardin, vol. VIII, pp. 461-2 (Babahaagi); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 312 (Babba hadjie); Carmelites, loc. cit. » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p.75 ※ SOURCE for Baba Hhadji « Den 4. dito quam zyn Ed: met den dag na 7 mylen rydens, in de Karrawaanfera Baba Hhadji, [Den 4. Dito quam zyn Ed: met den dag na 7 mylen rydens, in de Karrawaanfera Baba Hhadji,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 274 « Den 19. dito, na een weg van 4 mylen rydens, en het trekken over de brug Polifaſa, quam zyn Ed: aan de Karrawaanſera Baba Hhadji. [On the 19th, after riding four miles and crossing the bridge Polifaſa, his Ed arrived at the Karrawaanſera Baba Hhadji.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Babaadgi « j'arrivai au carvansera appelé Babaadgi. L'eau n'y est pas bonne et est comme tiède, et depuis ce lieu-là on commence à ne sentir plus de froid. [I arrived at the carvansera called Babaadgi. The water there is not good and is like lukewarm, and from there you begin to no longer feel cold.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 310 ※ SOURCE for Baba-Adgi « Travelled till half an hour after One a Clock, we came to a wretched Kervanseray flanding all alone; it is called Baba-Adgi from the name of its Founder, who lies buried hard by, and is five Agaisch from Schiras » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 127 ※ SOURCE for Babaghali « en wy namen ons verblyf in tenten by een Karrawanfera Babaghali, zeer eenzaam in 't gebergte ſtaande, nevens klip, en riet land. [and we took up our abode in tents near a Karrawanfera Babaghali, standing very lonely in the mountains, next to a cliff and reed land.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 263 ※ SOURCE for Babagi « Camminammo adunque tutta la notte, e venimmo a fermarci la Domenica 19. nel Cafale di Bagbun, che vuol dire Ortolano, diſtante 30. miglia da Sciras. La giornata ordinaria faria ſtata fino a Babagi 10. miglia più in dietro; però ci avanzammo, come diffi fino a Bagbun, per effer patria de' nuovi Ciarvatari. [So we walked all night, and we came to stop on Sunday 19th in the Cafale di Bagbun, which means Ortolano, 30 miles away from Sciras. The ordinary day would be up to Babagi 10. miles further back; therefore we advanced, as far as Bagbun, to become the homeland of the new Ciarvatari.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 264 ※ SOURCE for Babahaagi (Baba-hhadjy) « Je fis cinq lieues, la plupart dans la belle plaine où Chiras est situé, et je fus coucher à un caravanserai, nommé Babahaagi (Baba-hhadjy), c'est-à- dire, père pélerin, du nom du fondateur. C'est un méchant gîte, petit et mal entretenu, situé au pied d'une montagne, de laquelle il sort des eaux tièdes, qui sont les seules que l'on puisse avoir en cet endroit-là (1). f. n. 1 Thévenot ajoute pourtant qu'il s'y trouve, un peu plus loin, une source dont l'eau est fort bonne. Il place Bábà Hhadjy à cinq Aghatch de Chyraz. C. Le Bruyn donne la mèrue distance que Chardin. (L-s.) [I traveled five leagues, most of it in the beautiful plain where Chiras is located, and I slept at a caravanserai, named Babahaagi (Baba-hhadjy), that is to say, pilgrim father, named after the founder. It is a nasty lodge, small and poorly maintained, located at the foot of a mountain, from which lukewarm waters come out, which are the only ones that can be had in that place (1). f. not. (1) Thévenot adds, however, that there is a spring there, a little further on, with very good water. He places Bábà Hhadjy five Aghatch from Chyraz. C. Le Bruyn gives the same distance as Chardin. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 459-60 ※ SOURCE for Babbahad-jie « Au milieu de la plaine,proche de ce pont, il y a une montagne feparée de toutes les autres, laquelle nous laiffämes à gauche,arriv?mes à minuit au Caravanserai de Babbahad-jie, à 5. lieuës de Zjie-raes. [In the middle of the plain, and close to this bridge, there is a mountain separated from all the others, which we left on the left, and arrived at midnight at the Caravanserai of Babbahad-jie, 5 leagues from Zjie-raes.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 312 ※ SOURCE for Babe Hasy « T'eynde der vlacte (die min dan 7 mijlen breet ende wel soo langh is) sijn noch een mijl over moeyelijke steenachtige bergwegen gereden wesende, ten een uure naer de middagh 8 mijlen van Mossaffry in de rustplactse Babe Hasy (1)fn. 1 Babqa haji (Simla kaart) Papa pelgrim (Mekkaganger). ... [The valley (which is less than 7 miles wide and about as long) has been driven for a mile over difficult stony mountain roads, about an hour after noon, 8 miles from Mossaffry in the resting place Babe Hasy (1) fn. 1 Babqa haji (Simla card) Papa pilgrim (Mecca goer). ...] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 83 ※ SOURCE for Bäwärji-Sarai [This could be a corruption of Baba Haji. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Bobba Hodge « We continued journying all this Night; wherefore the Sun had gilded the Firmament with his Vermilion Red, before we took up at Bobba Hodge (3), Thirty Miles compleat from our last Stage. fn. 3 Baba HajI, lying S.W. of the Daria-i-Mahala lake. “Here the Firuzabad road joins the main Jahrum-Shiraz road” (Wilson, 165). Herbert (132) writes Bobbaw-hodgee; Hedges (i, 207) Bobba Hadgee. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 208 ※ SOURCE for Bobbahodge « Dined here and went away for Shirass, being 5 farsangs, bad way up hills and down ; about the middle of the way in a fine plain is a good caravensaroy. Arrjved at Shirass at 8 at night. 21st [February], being Sunday. Went away for Bobbahodge, 9 farsangs good way. note: Diary of 21 February 1707/8. Bobbahodge. Bâbâ Hâjî. See Tavernier (Persian Travels, p. 251), who calls the place Badaadge; Fryer (II, 208 and n. 3). Le Bruyn stayed at the "Caravanserai of Babba-had-jie, five leagues from Zjie-ras" in August 1704 (II, 64), and again in November 1706 (II, 137), when he calls the place "Babasjie." » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 41 and 47 ※ SOURCE for Bobbaw-hodgee « next day to Pully-pot-ʃhaw (1) (leaving Bobbaw-hodgee on our left hand) fn. 1 This place (like the two preceding ones) has not been identified. The name is evidently Pul-i-Padshah, the bridge of the Emperor'. Herbert's itinerary (see appendix) adds the name of another stage, viz. Emoom (not identified). Clearly the cavalcade did not keep strictly to the usual route. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132 ※ SOURCE for Bobohogi « And when the daye apeered we sett forward and came to Bobohogi [Baba Hajji], a poor caravansero weh standes att the end of the playne of Siras, weh is about 12 lges. in lengthe and in som places 2 lges. in bredth. Here we picht, haueing traveled 6 lges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p 79 ※ SOURCE for Carab-Bajar « Ohnweit Carab-Bajar traffen wir einen Wald an von lauter Terpentin-Bäumen. [Not far from Carab-Bajar we come across a forest of turpentine trees.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 263 ※ SOURCE for Carawanfera (Struys 05 apr) [no place name given - description used for Route 60 stage 001. PBR] « 2 apr pond teeming with fish near K. » #3243 Jan Janszoon Struys, Drie aanmerkelijke en seer rampspoedige Reysen, Meurs, 1677 ~ p. ※ SOURCE for Carvanfera Babbahasj « 8 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 384 « 22 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 Baba Kun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054348 coordinate: lat 31.94635065 long 51.87060686 NIMA/GNS names: Baba Kun , Babu Kan , بابو کان , VARIANT names: Baba Kun , Baba Najm : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054318 coordinate: lat 28.9642 long 53.2163 NIMA/GNS names: Bab Anar , Baba Anar , Baba Na`am , Baba Najm , Baba Nar , Bab-e Anar , باب انار , VARIANT names: Baba Najm , Babanajm , Babehnår , ※ SOURCE for Babanajm « At 5½ miles Bābānajm situated a mile to the E. of the river » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 ※ SOURCE for Babehnår « nous abandonnons la grande route pour suivre un sentier à droite, et passons un ruisseau qui coule de l'E. à l'O; le chemin sépare des champs ensemencés. Au pied des collines paraît le village de Babehnår; [we leave the main road to follow a path to the right, and pass a stream which flows from E. to W.; the path separates sown fields. At the foot of the hills appears the village of Babehnår;] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 458 Baba Shaikh Ahmad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054301 coordinate: lat 30.983333 long 52.183333 NIMA/GNS names: Baba Shaikh Ahmad , Baba Sheykh Ahmad , VARIANT names: Baba Shaikh Ahmad , Baba Yadegar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054307 coordinate: lat 34.550369 long 45.97089 NIMA/GNS names: Baba Yadegar , Ziaratgah-e Baba Yadegar , زيارتگاه بابا يادگار , VARIANT names: Baba Yadegar , Babaji : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6180805 coordinate: lat 31.6675 long 64.3544444 NIMA/GNS names: Babaji , VARIANT names: Baba Hajer , Babaji , ※ SOURCE for Baba Hajer « Baba Hajer » in {map#1344 in #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ fig. Map of Persia and Afghanistan: General Ferrier's Travels} Babanach : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054281 coordinate: lat 28.5398 long 52.7262 NIMA/GNS names: Baba Najim , Baba Najm , Babanach , بابا نجیم , VARIANT names: Babanach , Babonej , Babunaj , ※ SOURCE for Babanach « Babanach » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} « The wide trough of Babanach, reached after about 3 miles, proved to hold plenty of tree-growth and potentially fertile land now wholly given over to grazing. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 130 « Babanach » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad H-39W 1948} [a watch tower is indicated next to Babanach. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Babonej « 6. BABONEJ-25 miles-137 miles. I then proceeded to the village Kir, and thence over stony ground, the plain lessening as we advanced westward, and may be said to terminate at about the 6 mile west of Kir. Wo then ascended between parallel ranges of hills for about 14 miles; then descending about 2 miles by an execrable road through a valley, entered a partly- cultivated vale, possessing palm groves, a little strean, and a growth of roods, etc. The 12 mile brought us to the village Bagh Pesserler, then deserted. Prosently after we crossed hills and undulating country, more or less clothed with bushes and a sprinkling of the bennch tree. At about the 20th mile we ascended through a pretty vale, in which there was abundant pasturage, and consequently numerous scattered encampments of Ecliats. The little hamlet of Babonej, with garden-land attached, occurred at the 25th mile.Close by was a high mound, on which stands a stone octagonal tower and another hamlet, with (late groves, scattered winter-houses, and extensive stabling, all belonging to the Eel Begghi, who resorts to this s?ot in the cool weathe » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 172 repeated in #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 665 [above mentioned octogonal tower woud link Banonej to the watch tower at Babanach. PBR] « We could see the cliffs, 500 feet high, at its mouth, and could trace the zigzag windings of the cleft in the face of the mountain. A road crosses the mountain and meets the river again in the plain of Babonej. I might have marched that way, but had preferred our present route, as passing through an unknown country. We were in search of an ahshdm l or encampment » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 98 ※ SOURCE for Babunaj « 146. ARBA'EH, MAHALL-I :- A district S. of Firūzabad, bounded on the N. by Firūzābād, on the S. by Galehdär and Khunj, on the E. by Simakan, Qir-o-Karzin and Afzar, on the W. by Dashti. Probable population about, 2,000. It contains the following places and villages:- ... Babunaj 28° 28' 52° 25' » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 105 [The coordinates given above by Wilson are some 23.7kms heading 250° from the location of Babonej given by Abbott. PBR] Bab-i Bayda : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.616145 long 52.537434 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bab-i Bayda , Beiza gate , ※ SOURCE for Bab-i Bayda « Bab-i Bayda » in {map#1282 in #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ fig. map 1 Map of Medieval Shiraz based on textual sources} ※ SOURCE for Beiza gate « According to Mostowfi, in 1340 Shiraz had nine gates. (11)... Beiza Gate: on the west side of the city adjoining the Murdestan quarter and near the eighth/fourteenth-century mausoleum of Bibi Dokhtaran. In the nineteenth century this gate was called Darb-e- Bagh-e-Shah. fn. 11 Nozhat al-Golub p. 113. » #3194 John W. Limbert, Shiraz in the Age of Hafez The Glory of a Medieval Persian City, University of Washington Press, 2004 ~ p. 53 Bab-i Dawlat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.606339 long 52.555175 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bab-i Dawlat , Dowlat gate , ※ SOURCE for Bab-i Dawlat « Bab-i Dawlat » in {map#1282 in #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ fig. map 1 Map of Medieval Shiraz based on textual sources} ※ SOURCE for Dowlat gate « According to Mostowfi, in 1340 Shiraz had nine gates. (11)... Dowlat Gate: exact location unknown, on the eastern or northeast- ern side of the city adjoining the Bagh-e-Now district. Named for Sheikh Dowlat b. Ebrahim, a warrior killed in battle with the Zoroas- trians of Fahandezh at the time of the Arab conquest. fn. 11 Nozhat al-Golub p. 113. » #3194 John W. Limbert, Shiraz in the Age of Hafez The Glory of a Medieval Persian City, University of Washington Press, 2004 ~ p. 53 Babmonir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055055 coordinate: lat 28.423515 long 51.506462 NIMA/GNS names: Ba Monir , Baba Monir , Babmonir , با منير , بابا منير , بابمنير , VARIANT names: Babmonir , Baumanere , ※ SOURCE for Baumanere « Baumanere » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Babol : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054341 coordinate: lat 36.551016 long 52.678601 NIMA/GNS names: Babol , Babul , Balfrush , Barfarush , Barfrush , Barfurush , بابل , VARIANT names: Babol , Obybabool , ※ SOURCE for Obybabool « The name of it is Obybabool [Ab-i-Babul]. Here we bayted, haueing traveled 3 leauges » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 54 Babylon : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3103534 coordinate: lat 32.5408333 long 44.4241667 NIMA/GNS names: Athar Babil , Atlal Babil , Babil , Babylon , VARIANT names: Babylon , ※ SOURCE for Babylon « A trinta de Janeiro fui avizado de Ormuz como os Turcos que estam de goarniçam em Babilonia (1) dece- ram pelo Eufrates abaixo, e tomaram huma terra que se chamava Zaquia onde faziam huma Fortaleza a borda do rio Eufrates, na terra da banda da Persia (obra) de hum dia e meyo de caminho da cidade de Baçora, pelo Rio assima. Tanto que isto soube, escrevi a El Rey de Baçorá aconselhando-lhe que nam consentisse a par de si tam ruins vizinhos, e que logo lhe fizesse a guerra e os tirasse daquella ladroeira, oferecendo-lhe ajuda e ar- mada pera isso. O que me parece desta novidade he que- rerem os Turcos tomar Baçorá e passar ahi a Armada que tem em Sues, porque desta maneira nos poderam melhor fazer a guerra por caso de estarem vizinhos Dor- muz e terem nas Ilhas de Barem e Jolfar (2) grande copia fn. (1) Por ser perto do sítio onde existiu a antiga Babilónia, dava-se muitas vezes este nome à cidade de Bagdad. Babylonia, que se chama agora Bagda, escreve o Padre Gaspar Barzeo, de Ormuz em 1549. (Documentação para a História das Missões, 4. vol., p. 376). fn. (2) Grupos de ilhas no Golfo Pérsico. [On the thirtieth of January I was informed from Ormuz how the Turks who are in Babylon (1) descended down the Euphrates, and took a land called Zaquia where they built a fortress on the bank of the Eufrates river, in the land of Persia (work) a day and a half way from the city of Baçora, by the river assima. As soon as I found out about this, I wrote to El Rey de Baçorá advising him not to consent to such bad neighbors, and that he immediately wage war on him and take them away from that thief, offering him help and armament for that. What I think of this novelty is that the Turks want to take Baçorá and move the Armada they have in Sues there, because this way they can better wage war on us in case they are neighboring Dormuz and have a large copy on the Islands of Barem and Jolfar (2). fn. (1) Because it is close to the site of ancient Babylon, the city of Bagdad was often given this name. Babilónia, which is now called Bagda, writes Father Gaspar Barzeo, from Ormuz in 1549. (Documentation for the History of the Missions, 4. vol., p. 376). fn. (2) Groups of islands in the Persian Gulf.] » #2556 Elaine Sanceau, Cartas de D. João de Castro, Geral do Ultramar, 1954 ~ p. 223 Bachan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054354 coordinate: lat 28.9319 long 52.2447 NIMA/GNS names: Bachan , Bachoon , Bachun , باچون , VARIANT names: Bachan , Baïgoûn , ※ SOURCE for Baïgoûn « La descente est rapide. Elle aboutit à une vallée, au nord de laquelle est Baïgoûn, village entouré de murs. [The descent is rapid. It ends in a valley, to the north of which is Baïgoûn, a village surrounded by walls.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 61 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.648607 long 55.29659 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Baçidô fort , ※ SOURCE for Baçidô fort « At the northwest end 26° 39' 12" N. 55° 16' 15" 0. lies Bâs-i-dûh, the formerly Portuguese fortaleza Baçidô or Basadore, Basidon near Balbi; the spring tide rises here to 8'; a long and wide bank, the flat, stretches southwards, at low tide only 2 to 2½ , fathoms deep, with turbid water; » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 ~ p. 50 « Nineteenth-century writers, including the East India Company employees Horsburgh, Kempthorne and Whitelock, refer to the ruins of a Portuguese fort and town at ‘Bassadore or Basidu Point’(28) and such reports probably led Wilhelm Tomaschek to state that Basidu was the site of a Portuguese fortaleza (29). To my knowledge this has not been confirmed (30) fn. 28 Horsburgh, India Directory, p. 258; Kempthorne, ‘Notes made on a survey’, p. 279; Whitelock, ‘Descriptive Sketch’, p. 121. fn. 29 Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung, p. 50; cf. Curzon, Persia and the Persian Question, p. 412. fn. 30 According to d’Anville, ‘Recherches géographiques sur le golfe Persique’, p. 152, Duarte Barbosa named Baçido as one of the towns controlled by the king of Hormuz. I cannot find any reference in Dames’ edition of The Book of Duarte Barbosa. However, as there are still over a dozen unpublished manuscripts of Barbosa’s work extant, it is entirely possible that d’Anville had access to one in which Baçido was mentioned (my thanks to Jorge Flores for bringing this important point to my attention). The Carta Universal en que se contiene todo lo que del mundo se ha descubierto of 1529 by Diogo Ribeiro does, however, show bacido. See Dejanirah Couto, J.-L. Bacqué-Grammont and M. Taleghani, Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles) / Historical Atlas of the Persian Gulf (Sixteenth-Eighteenth Centuries) (Turnhout: Brepols, 2006), p. 105; Cf. the discussion in Duarte Barbosa, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, ed. M. L. Dames, 2 vols. (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1918-1921) vol. 1, p. 78, n. 1. #2885 D. T. Potts, The Portuguese on Qeshm, in: ed. Rudi Matthee and Jorge Flores, Portugal, the Persian Gulf and Safavid Persia, Peeters, Brussels, 2011, pp. 99-118 ~ p. 104 « BASSADORE, (1) OR BASIDU POINT, the N. W. extremity of Kishm, in lat. 26° 38' N., bears North from the S. W. point, distant 6 or 7 miles, having within it the ruins of the once flourishing Portuguese Town of that name. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817 ~ vol. 1 p. 258 « Bassadore is situated at the western extremity of the island, and is the principal station for the vessels of the Indian navy, when employed in the Persian Gulf, under the orders of the British resident at Bushire. The commander of the squadron resides here, and hoists his flag on board a small vessel of twelve guns, which lies as guard-ship. There is no town, but there are a few scattered huts and a small bazar which provides the seamen of the different vessels with the articles they chiefly require: the only good houses in the place were built by officers belonging to the Bombay army, who were stationed here when the expedition was sent up the Gulf against Ras-al-Khaymah and other piratical forts … The Portuguese had also once possession of Bassadore, and the remains of their fort and town are still visible. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G. B., Notes made on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1835 ~ p. 278-9 the island, was formerly in the possession of the Portuguese, and the ruins of the town and fort which they erected may be still traced. » #1128 Whitelock, Lieut. H. H., Descriptive Sketch of the Islands and Coast at the entrance of the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1838 8:170-84 ~ p. 178 « From Bassidore I crossed the island of Kishm to visit some salt-caves and naphtha-springs. The road, after leaving a ledge of rock on which Bassidore is built, descends a few feet into a plain, sprinkled here and there with a few date-trees, and passes the ruins of an old Portuguese fort, situated on a detached rock and overlooking the Clarence Straits. After some 7 miles you reach the village of Gooree, and thence wind among low hills for about 5 miles more into the plain of Kownee, distant only a mile or two from the southern shore. » #2895 Lewis Pelly, Visit to Lingah, Kishm and Bunder Abbas by Lieutenant-Colonel Lewis Pelly, Royal Geographical Society, London, 1864 ~ p. 2 [there is a small rectangular rock plateau about 120 x 80 m. rising to 7-8 m. on the south side of the bay just east of the modern city of Basidu at coordinate lat 26.648607, long 55.29659, as describer by Pelly above. PBR] « To the north-west of Kischm lies Bassadore , the hottest place in all the Persian Gulf. Here there is an English station, and a few European houses are to be seen. There is also a small caravansary belonging to the Arabs, situated amid the ruins of a great Portuguese city-the reservoirs of which are still entire and supply the inhabitants with water. » #2690 Col. Louis Du Couret, Life in the Desert or, Recollections of Travel in Asia and Africa, Mason Brothers, New York, 1860 ~ p. 483 « The Joasmi chief, apprehending an attack by the Turkish troops, sent a force to build a fort at Bassadore, on the western extremity of the island of Kishm, which had formerly been occupied by the Portuguese, who built fortifications and reservoirs, and which became, during the forty years preceding its abolition, the head-quarters of the Indian Naval Squadron in the Persian Gulf. » #2909 The Army and Navy Magazine, W H Allen and Co, London, 1887 Vol. 14: ~ p. 351 « A move was then made to Deristan, on the southern coast of the island, opposite Henjam; but here, too, the insalubrity of the place compelled a retreat. Finally, the point of Basiduh, called by the English Bassadore, at the north-western extremity of the island, where also are the ruins of a once flourishing Portuguese settlement, became the headquarters of the Indian naval squadron, maintained for the same object in these waters; and here, until 1879, was stationed a company of sepoys belonging to the marine battalion at Bombay, their barracks being built upon a plot of land that is still the property of the British Government. » #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892 ~ vol.2 p. 412 Bad Khowr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3796404 coordinate: lat 37.120556 long 58.66 NIMA/GNS names: Bad Khowr , VARIANT names: Bad Khowr , Bad Rud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054356 coordinate: lat 33.6908 long 52.0085 NIMA/GNS names: Bad , Bad Rud , Nasran , باد رود , VARIANT names: Bad Rud , Bode , ※ SOURCE for Bode « This daye we cam to Bode [Bādrūd], a pretie litle towne, wher we picht in the Kinges howse lying a litle from the forsayd towne in a very poore plac, haueing traveled 6 leauges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 46 Badamak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3793263 coordinate: lat 33.1517 long 47.9755 NIMA/GNS names: Badamak , Dulabi-ye Badamak , بادمک , دولابئ بادامك , VARIANT names: Badamak , Bademek , ※ SOURCE for Badamak « The Badamak valley is formed by the denudation of a saddleback; limestone hills on either side; the Dälich range, an almost continuous cliff, passable only in 4 or 5 places, to tho north. The valley is undulating, with many hills of blue shalo and slabs of conglomerate, sandstones, and sand elay: is well wooded. Close to Bādāmak the hills to the south are breached by the Tang-i-Khāshüb and the place is marked by a high conical hill in the centre of the valley. To the north lies the pass called Kal-i-Sūkhteh, very difficult and avoided even by nomads on this account. The valley is claimed by the Judeki, but occupied in winter by the Mirs of the Dirakwand. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 150 ※ SOURCE for Bademek « Bademek » in {map#1361 in #3531 Correspondence, Printed Papers and Newspaper Cuttings Relating to the Persian Bank Mining Rights Corporation Ltd, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/71, in Qatar Digital Library, 1889-92 ~ fig. Persian Road and Transport Coy, Plan to accompany General Report, March 1891} Badenjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054421 coordinate: lat 28.7961 long 53.0409 NIMA/GNS names: Badenjan , Badinjan , Deh-e Badenjan , بادنجان , VARIANT names: Badenjan , Badinjan , ※ SOURCE for Badinjan « Badinjan » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 Shiraz 1936} « . The path here becomes very narrow, in distinct and difficult passing through a small stream, ünder a projecting ledge of rock. Badinjän lies on the further side, after another rise has been negotiated, on an elevation in a narrow valley, which projects towards Khafr on the right, and towards the direction of Maimand on the left. Badinjän is a large and prosperous village belonging, with the next, Behjün, to Nasir-ul-Mulk. From Badinjan there is a path to Babanar (Khafr) about 40 miles, via Güdün and Ta Divän. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 480 Badini small caravanserai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.604027 long 54.80763 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: about 11x11m 50m southeast of the bigger caravanserai VARIANT names: Badini small caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Badini small caravanserai « Dans la vallée que nous suivons, quelques arbres dominent une multitude infinie de ron- ces. Après une heure et demie de marche sur un chemin caillouteux, on trouve deux caravansérails délabrés. Vis-à-vis sont trois citerres, dont deux de forme circulaire, et la troisième en berceau. [In the valley we are following, a few trees dominate an infinite multitude of brambles. After an hour and a half of walking on a stony path, we come across two dilapidated caravanserais. Opposite are three cisterns, two of which are circular and the third is barrel-shaped.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 430 Badiyyah : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -782448 coordinate: lat 25.432273 long 56.345736 NIMA/GNS names: Al Badiyah , Badiya , Badiyah , Badiyyah , Bidiya , Bidyah , Budayyah , VARIANT names: Badiyyah , Lebdia , Libedia , Libidia , ※ SOURCE for Lebdia « From the Southern corner of Dabba till the small island which is situated in front of Lebdia32 the course is south for 2114 miles, while one passes over depths of 21, 20, 19,22 fathoms of waxy sand ground. Lebdia is a place with about 200 small houses (3372) which are all built with branches of date trees and is situated close to the beach. It lies at 25 degrees, 5 minutes Northern latitude. fn. 32 Probably (al-)Bidyah is meant here. The island is called jazirah Bidyah. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 303 ※ SOURCE for Libedia « Discripssão da Fortaleza de Libedia - Libedia he hūa fortaleza que está hua legoa de Corfacam pella costa, pera o norte, sita ao longo da praya, com bahia de repairo do sul, sudueste, oeste, noroeste. He quadrada, do feitio de mouros, com hum muro baixo, duas braças e mea de altura Tem hum grande sircuito, com seis baluartes e hum que esta cavaleiro, pegado no muro, com mais dous em redondo da povoação, ficando em distancia de tiro d'espin garda. A povoação sera de dozentos vizinhos, de cazas cubertas de ola, que he quzzi o mesmo que palha. Foi tomada por Matheus de Siebra em Agosto de seiscentos vinte e tres, por mando do Capitão Geral Rui Freire, pella mesma rezão que asima fica dita Tem de prezidio vinte lascarins com seu capitão, que sustenta a mesma terra. [f. 33] » #821 Bocarro, António, O livro das plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoac¸o~es do estado da I´ndia Oriental, Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 1937-40: 1992 Series: 442 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 58 « However, an Australian team has now excavated the fort of Bidiyah in Fujairah which is identified with ‘Libedia’, a Portuguese fortress recorded by de Resende in his 1646 AD map (de Resende, 1646; Ziolkowski 1999: pp 19–21). The walls of the Portuguese fortress of Bidiyah were largely built with masonry from a third millennium BC tower nearby. The Portuguese fortress measures 60 m a side and C14 analyses from the foundation levels confirm a date of 1450–1670 AD for the building, matching the date of ceramics retrieved during the excavations. » #1592 Abed, Ibrahim al-, Hellyer, Peter, The United Arab Emirates: a new perspective, Trident Press, 2001 ~ p. 92 « Unsurprisingly, these volatile allies soon resumed their old habits, such as trading outside Portuguese controlled routes or plundering commercial ships along the coast, as was the case of one ‘Camis Bilizano’ [Khamis ?], known for his activities against shipping between Khor Fakkan and Limah around 1625–2.(276) Of course the election of Nāṣir b. Murshid al-Ya‘rubi to the imamate in 1624 (277) heralded a new era, though his actions only afected the Portuguese around 1627–2 fn. 275 “Instructions given to D. Gonçalo da Silveira” n/l [Muscat?] 22.05.1623. In: Ribeiro 1936, III, 3. fn. 276 “Instructions given to D. Gonçalo da Silveira” n/l [Muscat?] 14.12.1625. In: Ribeiro 1936, III, 33. . » #2602 João Teles e Cunha, Oman and Omanis in Portuguese Sources in the Early Modern Period (ca. 1500–1750), ~ p. 250 [nb this reference « Ribeiro 1936 Ribeiro, Luciano: Questões histórico-coloniais. Vol. III. Lisbon 1936. » on page 261 I believe should be Luciano Cordeiro see below « Libidia e mais que all estao, dando-ines ajuda e ravor, porque além de lho devermos, hemo-lo mister e servem a Sua Majestade com fidelidade. Destes oito navios declarados há de ficar o sanguicel, de Lima até Corfação, até o melhorar, assim para alentar aquelas Fortalezas, como para impedir que não navegue o Camis e » [] #2729 Luciano Cordeiro, Questões Histórico-Coloniais, Divisa~o de Publicac¸o~es e Biblioteca, Age^ncia Geral das Colo´nias: Atica, 1935-1936 ~ vol. 3 p. 337 « Sai de Mascate em Abril de 627 e em minha companhia D. Gonçalo da Silveira por Capitão de uma fusta, a juntar- -me com mais que andavam na costa, e prefazendo 20, e quinhentos lascarins; tendo feito assento em Conselho, que se tomassem as Fortalezas e terras de Doba, desembarcamos nelas e en aanharam ao Camis que as tinha com grande valor » [D. Gonçalo da Silveira left Muscat in April 627 in my company as Captain of a fusta, joining with more that were on the coast, and making 20, and five hundred Lascarins; having sat down in Council, that the Fortresses and lands of Doba were taken, we disembarked on them and captured Camis who had them with great value.] #2729 Luciano Cordeiro, Questões Histórico-Coloniais, Divisa~o de Publicac¸o~es e Biblioteca, Age^ncia Geral das Colo´nias: Atica, 1935-1936 ~ vol. 3 p. 345 ※ SOURCE for Libidia « Libidia e mais que all estao, dando-ines ajuda e ravor, porque além de lho devermos, hemo-lo mister e servem a Sua Majestade com fidelidade. Destes oito navios declarados há de ficar o sanguicel, de Lima até Corfação, até o melhorar, assim para alentar aquelas Fortalezas, como para impedir que não navegue o Camis e » [] #2729 Luciano Cordeiro, Questões Histórico-Coloniais, Divisa~o de Publicac¸o~es e Biblioteca, Age^ncia Geral das Colo´nias: Atica, 1935-1936 ~ vol. 3 p. 337 Baduleh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054453 coordinate: lat 28.396834 long 51.500917 NIMA/GNS names: Baduleh , Barduli , بادوله , VARIANT names: Badule , Baduleh , ※ SOURCE for Badule « Badule » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Ba'en : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.695905 long 54.330876 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ba'en , Bajin , ※ SOURCE for Ba'en « Abb. 1. Lar, Lageskizze der historischen Bauwerke » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p. 328 ※ SOURCE for Bajin « Ein Dorf war hier zu sehen auf 1½ Farsach, sehr grün in einem Tale. Man nannte es Bajin (Bå'en).[A village could be seen here at 1½ Farsach, very green in a valley. It was called Bajin (Bå'en).] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 120 Bafq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054457 coordinate: lat 31.603498 long 55.402492 NIMA/GNS names: Bafq , بافق , VARIANT names: Bafq , Bafran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054461 coordinate: lat 32.837735 long 53.141943 NIMA/GNS names: Bafaran , Bafran , Bafran Minar , بافران , VARIANT names: Bafran , Baft : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054465 coordinate: lat 29.2331 long 56.6022 NIMA/GNS names: Baft , بافت , VARIANT names: Baft , Bagar-Abad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.54864 long 53.57985 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bachhrabad , Bagar-Abad , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Bagar-Abad AT Fagra-baet lat 28.54864 long 53.57985 [unknown location, PBR], ※ SOURCE for Bachhrabad « 1 Farsach continue to a village of Deh-Menâr, near a tower of fieldstones, quite thick and high like a watchtower. To the left were grape gardens, dotted with a few palm trees, called Bachhrabad. Now there were many water-rich springs coming from the left. Continue through cultivated fields SW to the town of Schebschä-Djahrum 1 Farsach. » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 114 ※ SOURCE for Bagar-Abad « Den 28. dito vertrok zyn Ed: weer met den dag, en quam na i myl rydens, in Bagar-Abad, alwaar hy in een van des Hertogs thuinen zyn verblyf nam. Hy swierd van des zelfs drie broeders daar be- zogt, die zyn Ed: zeer beleefd onthaalde, waar na zy weder vertrokken. [On the 28th his Ed: departed again with the day, and arrived after my ride at Bagar-Abad, where he took up his abode in one of the Duke's gardens. He was visited by his three brothers there, who received his Ed: very politely, after which they departed again.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 274 Bagbun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.239469 long 52.654625 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bagbun , ※ SOURCE for Bagbun « Camminammo adunque tutta la notte, e venimmo a fermarci la Domenica 19. nel Cafale di Bagbun, che vuol dire Ortolano, diſtante 30. miglia da Sciras. La giornata ordinaria faria ſtata fino a Babagi 10. miglia più in dietro; però ci avanzammo, come diffi fino a Bagbun, per effer patria de' nuovi Ciarvatari. [So we walked all night, and we came to stop on Sunday 19th in the Cafale di Bagbun, which means Ortolano, 30 miles away from Sciras. The ordinary day would be up to Babagi 10. miles further back; therefore we advanced, as far as Bagbun, to become the homeland of the new Ciarvatari.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 264 Bagh `Avaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054518 coordinate: lat 28.5823 long 53.4736 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh `Avaz , باغ عوض , VARIANT names: Bagh `Avaz , Bagh Dash : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054550 coordinate: lat 29.224124 long 51.975171 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh Dash , Bagh Dasht , Bagh-e Dasht , Bagh-i-Dash , باغ دشت , VARIANT names: Bagh Dash , Bagh Pesserler : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.5083 long 52.8613 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bagh Pesserler , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Bagh Pesserler AT Khurdashir lat 28.5083 long 52.8613 [[PBR]], ※ SOURCE for Bagh Pesserler « We then ascended between parallel ranges of hills for about 4 miles; then descending about 2 miles by an execrable road through a valley, entered a partly-cultivated vale, possessing palin groves, a little stream, and a growth of reeds, etc. The 12½ mile brought us to the village Bagh Pesserler, then deserted. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 172 Baghan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054508 coordinate: lat 29.2964 long 52.6483 NIMA/GNS names: Baghan , باغان , VARIANT names: Baghan , Bagoûn , ※ SOURCE for Baghan « Baghan » in {map#1232 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, parts of Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1915, Qatar Digital Library fig. Sheet No. 17 1915} ※ SOURCE for Bagoûn « Un beau chemin nous conduit le long d'un ruisseau, sur nord; et en approchant du débouché de la vallée, nous laissons deux sentiers. L'un va au village de Bagoûn, l'autre va de Moûnzaferri au caravansérail de Baba-Hadji. [A beautiful path leads us along a stream, to the north; and as we approach the mouth of the valley, we leave two paths. One goes to the village of Bagoûn, the other goes from Moûnzaferri to the caravanserai of Baba-Hadji.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 pp. 67-8 Baghan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054504 coordinate: lat 27.870832 long 53.115045 NIMA/GNS names: Baghan , باغان , VARIANT names: Baghan , Baghan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054506 coordinate: lat 28.210005 long 51.881865 NIMA/GNS names: Baghan , Charkh Falak , Cheru , Heydarabad , Kheybi , Kheyvi , Tall Akhori , باغان , تل آخری , چرخ فلک , چرو , حيدر آباد , خی بی , خیوی , VARIANT names: Baghan , Bakhan , ※ SOURCE for Baghan « After Diz-gah, the river enters the district of Sana- wa-Shumba of the buluk of Dashti, and near the village of Baghan receives on the right bank the river Caniz which comes from the district of Tasūdj-i Dashti. Finally, near the village of Dumanlü the river enters the coast district of Mändistan and receives the name of Mand. It flows into the sea near the village of Ziyarat, halfway between the old harbours of Nadjiram (to the north and Siraf (to the south). » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 6 p. 384 « 16. The Kara Aghach river is or was bridged at the following points:- … (4) Near Baghan. Remains of an ancient bridge. » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 L-Z p. 757 ※ SOURCE for Bakhan « The Pidū stream is joined here by a tributary from the Garmusht valley; the hamlet of that name consists of 50 mud and mat huts and a mud fort; supplies small; water slightly brackish from ganāt. Continuing up the Pidu valley, the track crossthe level of the above low range, and crosses the Pidü stream. Pidū is a village of 30 huts, date grove. Tracks diverge to Haftawan via Bakhan and to Khunj direct (12 farsakhs) »#3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ pp. 163-4 Baghat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054514 coordinate: lat 28.6635 long 55.7946 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh , Bagha , Baghat , Baka , Hajjiabad-e Baghat , باغ , باغ , باغات , بك , حاجی آباد باغات , VARIANT names: Baghan , Baghat , ※ SOURCE for Baghan ref1511p655 baghayaye pel band tarikhi jah jah : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 31.7713975658404 long 49.2644102016842 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: baghayaye pel band tarikhi jah jah , baghayaye pel bastani papila : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.368802 long 48.59995 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Remains of the ancient Papilla Bridge بقایای پل باستانی پاپیلا VARIANT names: baghayaye pel bastani papila , baghayaye pel tarikhi dom sar rud : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 31.7725424743143 long 49.2670532421337 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: baghayaye pel tarikhi dom sar rud , ※ SOURCE for baghayaye pel tarikhi dom sar rud 31.77254247431432, Baghdad : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PPLC UFI: -3103581 coordinate: lat 33.3386111 long 44.3938889 NIMA/GNS names: Bagdad , Baghdad , Baghdad , VARIANT names: Bagdad , Bagdat , Baghdad , Pai-ta , ※ SOURCE for Bagdad « nous parti-mes de Bagdad le 6 de Juin [We left Baghdad on June 6th] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 168 « Notre intention, en quittant Bagdad, était d'abord de descendre le Tigre jusqu'à Bassora, et d'aller ensuite à Bender-Bouchêhr; [Our intention, on leaving Baghdad, was first to descend the Tigris to Basra, and then to go to Bender-Bouchehr;] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 218 ※ SOURCE for Bagdat « I came to Mando, eight p. a town belonging to the Turks. The 25th, eight p. to Emomester. The 26th, eight p. to Boroh, passed over a river in a boat, and came that night to Bagdat. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 219 « At Hispahan I abode thirteene dayes, and spent a moneths journey to Bagdat; which is a Citie about two English miles in compasse, seated on Tigris: neverthelesse it is very populous, and of great traffique of strangers, being the way to Persia, Turkie, and Arabia. Here I embarqued my selfe for Balsara; » #2540 Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, 1905, ~ vol. 3 p. 86 ※ SOURCE for Pai-ta #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 117, 122 note 13 Bagh-e Heydari-e Kavar : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.176018 long 52.701775 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: established coordinates based on fig overlay and description. given coordinatesnot valid. VARIANT names: Bagh-e Heydari-e Kavar , ※ SOURCE for Bagh-e Heydari-e Kavar « Bagh-e Heydari-e Kavar The archeological site is located on the southern margin of the city called Kavar today in 300 meters north of the Qara-Aghaj river, on the entranceway to Farmashgan road [Fig. 1, no. 54]. Nowadays, around the entire site is surrounded by Heydar Eskandari’s garden and the site is known as Tal-e Nagar-eh Khaneh of Heydari Bagh [Figs. 28-33]. This archeological site is located at the latitude and longitude of 066° 59' 59'' North and 32° 29' 842'' East at an altitude of 1540 meters above sea level. This archeological site is one hectare expanse and as a cause of the land leveling to create a garden, most of it has been destroyed and it has been leveled with the surroun-ding lands. Numerous ashlar masonry blocks, about 16 stone blocks of different di-mensions, are scattered on its surface. » #3413 Alireza Askari Chaverdi, Achaemenid settlements in the Shiraz, Sepidan and Kavar Plains, Iran, Historia i Swiat, 2024 ~ pp. 83-84 Bagh-e Malek : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054611 coordinate: lat 31.523976 long 49.885584 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh Malek , Bagh-e Malek , Bagh-i-Malik , باغ ملک , VARIANT names: Bagh-e Malek , Bagh-e Neshad : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.686194 long 54.342417 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bagh-e Neshad , ※ SOURCE for Bagh-e Neshad Der Komplex von Bagh-e Neshad ist mit ziemlicher Sicherheit in safavidische Zeit zu datieren, nach der großen Ähnlichkeit in den Architekturelementen mit dem Basar und dem Saray-e Golshan könnte eine etwa gleichzeitige Entstehungszeit angenommen werden, die in der ersten Hälfte des 17. Jh. liegen dürfte (40). fn. 40 Stack ist der einzige europäische Reisende, der den Palast besucht hat und ihn als Bagh-i Nishat or Pleasent Garden" beschreibt, wobei er auch die schönen Stuckarbeiten und Wandmalereien erwähnt.Das Bauwerk diente 1882 als Depot für 6 Kanonen und als Quartier für eine Artilleriekompanie. J. Fryer 20 193 beschreibt einen in der Nähe des Meidan-e Qaysarich gelegenen Palast, von dem aber heute nichts mehr erhalten ist.[The Bagh-e Neshad complex can almost certainly be dated to the Safavid period; based on the great similarity in architectural elements with the bazaar and the Saray-e Golshan, it could be assumed that it was built at approximately the same time, in the first half of the 17th century should be (40).fn. 40 Stack is the only European traveler to have visited the palace and describes it as "Bagh-i Nishat or Pleasent Garden", also mentioning the beautiful stucco work and murals.In 1882 the structure served as a depot for 6 cannons and as quarters for an artillery company. J. Fryer 20 193 describes a palace located near Meidan-e Qaysarich, of which nothing remains today.] p. 347 Bagh-e Payeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3193754 coordinate: lat 27.883333 long 52.433333 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) NIMA/GNS names: Bagh-e Payeh , Bagh-e Piyeh , Bagh-i-Payeh , باغ پايه , باغ پيه , VARIANT names: Bagh-e Payeh , Payah , Payam , ※ SOURCE for Payah « Payah » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} ※ SOURCE for Payam « Payam » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} Bagh-e Seyah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054650 coordinate: lat 30.246357 long 53.511527 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh Safa , Bagh Seyah , Bagh-e Seyah , Bagh-e Siah , باغ صفا , VARIANT names: Bagh-e Seyah , Bagh-e Shah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054711 coordinate: lat 28.844444 long 52.544167 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh Shah , Bagh-e Shah , Bagh-i-Shah , VARIANT names: Bagh-e Shah , Bagh-e Sia : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054651 coordinate: lat 30.3 long 53.383333 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh-e Siah , Bagh-e Siah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054651 coordinate: lat 30.3 long 53.383333 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh-e Siah , VARIANT names: Bagh-e Sia , Bagh-e Siah , ※ SOURCE for Bagh-e Sia « . This is described as a hot country, and I much regretted not being able to devote more time to exploration, but under the circumstances it would have been inadvisable. In the late evening we reached the village of Bágh-i- Siá, situated on the bank of a river draining south, and were glad to hear that we were only a stage from the main road. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 80 Bagh-i Shaikh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.671681 long 52.323145 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bagh-i Shaikh , ※ SOURCE for Bagh-i Shaikh « We observed forty-nine cisterns in the western part of the city, in the extra-mural suburb at Bagh-i Shaikh and in Kunarak Gorge. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 23 Bagh-i-Malik : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054611 coordinate: lat 31.523976 long 49.885584 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh Malek , Bagh-e Malek , Bagh-i-Malik , باغ ملک , VARIANT names: Baghi Maleh , Bagh-i-Malik , ※ SOURCE for Baghi Maleh « After a tedious march of 24 hours over the high and uneven country of the Salira-gechi-dervázeh, we began the steep descent into the plain, having Munghasht to the east south-east, the road before us leading due north At 11 A. M. we crossed the river Tala coming from the valley of Manganón on the south south-east and in half an hour reached the ruins of Manjauík (1) in Baghi Maleh.fn. 1 Or Manganík from the Greek Mayyγανικὸν, Manganikon. The Arab j. was anciently pronounced g. as in gold. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 655 Baghin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.13922 long 54.95187 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: approximate based on distance of stage VARIANT names: Baghin , ※ SOURCE for Baghin « Road rough in several places, runs close to a stream and trees. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 59 Baghin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054684 coordinate: lat 30.181128 long 56.802001 NIMA/GNS names: Baghin , Bagin , Gachin , باغین , VARIANT names: Baghin , ※ SOURCE for Baghin « Baghin » in {map#1186 in #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7 45:648-60 ~ fig. Marco Polo's Route as fixed by Captain Sykes} « llth April, Baghin, 8 farsaJchs ; 8.30 a.m. to 6 p.m. Our next march was one of nine farsakhs, to Baghin. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 195 « Leaving a small garden which I had rented in the Zoroastrian quarter, the first stage was to Bághin, which was shown on the old maps of Persia, on both the Yezd and also the Shiráz road! » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 72 Bagh-i-Parobardin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.489164 long 54.975246 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bagh-i-Parobardin , ※ SOURCE for Bagh-i-Parobardin « Bagh-i-Parobardin » in {map#1241 in #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ fig. 'Skecth Map to Illustrate Report of Mr. Butcher's Survey from Bushire to Bandar-Abbas During 1888} « Seven furlongs in advance, a wall three feet high of loose, rough stone, borders, for the next half mile, the east side of the road. This place is named "Bagh-i Parobardin," and, although now neglected and abandoned, was formerly the site of a garden or cultivated enclosure. There are still to be seen the remains of an open irrigation conduit or ditch. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 28 « The road now runs along the east bank of the river, which is not again crossed amongst low stony hills. At 11½ miles the Bagh i-Parabardin deserted cultivated area, surrounded by a wall. At 15 miles a similar deserted area bearing traces of former irrigation called the Bagh-i-Parushur. The road now Inaves the river-bed, which tons in a dup ravine, and emerges on to the broad plain of Horinas, some four miles broad and right miles long, intersected at rare intervals by watercourses. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 168 Bagh-i-Paroshur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.516478 long 54.974362 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bagh-i-Paroshur , ※ SOURCE for Bagh-i-Paroshur « Bagh-i-Paroshur » in {map#1241 in #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ fig. 'Skecth Map to Illustrate Report of Mr. Butcher's Survey from Bushire to Bandar-Abbas During 1888} « At 1 mile 1 furlong the road descends abruptly by a steep slope into this cutting, which has now widened out into a basin 500 yards broad overgrown with kanar bush. The banks of the water-course, on the west side of the basin, are lined with date trees. We traverse the cutting, which is called "Bagh-i Paroshur," for half a mile and ascend by a steep slope to a smooth grassy valley sloping southward. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 28 « The road now runs along the east bank of the river, which is not again crossed amongst low stony hills. At 11½ miles the Bagh i-Parabardin deserted cultivated area, surrounded by a wall. At 15 miles a similar deserted area bearing traces of former irrigation called the Bagh-i-Parushur. The road now Inaves the river-bed, which tons in a dup ravine, and emerges on to the broad plain of Horinas, some four miles broad and right miles long, intersected at rare intervals by watercourses. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 168 Baghu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054715 coordinate: lat 27.3115 long 56.4406 NIMA/GNS names: Baghoo , Baghu , باغو , بغ , VARIANT names: Baghu , ※ SOURCE for Baghu « Our second day took us from Baghu to Kalah-i-Qazi a pleasant ride, now through cultivated date-gardena, now across long stretches of stony "river-bed", lying fan-like at the foot of the mountains, » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 2 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.291 long 60.46 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Bagia , ※ SOURCE for Bagia #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ Indica 27.6 Bags-gae (Bakhche-gah) : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.682812 long 54.343066 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bags-gae (Bakhche-gah) , Baſiga , caravanserai (Bembo) , ※ SOURCE for Bags-gae (Bakhche-gah) « Ce jour-là, 7, je partis de Laar sur les trois heures du soir, par le faubourg qu'on appelle Bags-gae (Bakhche-gah), c'est-à-dire, lieu de tribut, parce que les gardes des chemins y ont un petit bureau, vis-à-vis d'un grand caravanserai, où ils prennent leurs droits sur toutes les marchandises qu'on transporte. [That day, 7, I left Laar at three o'clock in the evening, through the suburb called Bags-gae (Bakhche-gah), that is to say, place of tribute, because the guards of the roads have a small office there, opposite a large caravanserai, where they take their rights on all the goods that are transported. ] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 486-7 « Diese Konzentration von Karavanserails in der Stadt Lar, zu denen vermutlich auch ein heute nicht mehr existierendes Karavanserail, welches sich nach Chardin in Bags-Gae einer südlichen Vorstadt von Lar, befand, (6) gehörte ist nicht verwunderlich, liegt die Stadt doch etva in Zentrum der Verstrecke von Bender Abbas nach Jahrom, einem Weg, der auf Grund seiner Xlimabedin unmen, seiner Anfälligkeit für Überfälle und seiner Wasserlosigkeit bei den europäischen Reisenden des 17. 18. Jhts, bekannt und gefürchtet war. [This concentration of caravanserails in the city of Lar, which probably also included a caravanserail that no longer exists today and which was located in Bags-Gae, a southern suburb of Lar, according to Chardin, (6) is not surprising, as the city is located approximately Center of the route from Bender Abbas to Jahrom, a route that was known and feared by European travelers of the 17th and 18th centuries due to its Xlimabedin unmen, its susceptibility to raids and its lack of water.] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ p. 2 ※ SOURCE for Baſiga « Wy trokken voorby de Karrawanſera's Baſiga, en Sargab, [We passed by the Karrawanſeras Baſiga, and Sargab,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 265 ※ SOURCE for caravanserai (Bembo) « Our lodging was in a new caravanserai outside the city, although it was not well built. There were many gardens all around, and there I found melons and watermelons that did not seem to us to be very good and not better than the ones in Kong. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 293 Baha'abad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054723 coordinate: lat 30.742216 long 56.628068 NIMA/GNS names: Babad , Baha'abad , Bahabad , بهاء آباد , VARIANT names: Baha'abad , Bahaderan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054726 coordinate: lat 28.6809 long 54.33 NIMA/GNS names: Bahaderan , Bahador , Bahadoran , Bahaduran , بهادران , VARIANT names: Bahaderan , ※ SOURCE for Bahaderan « Bahaderan » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Bahi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054455 coordinate: lat 27.6623 long 54.298 NIMA/GNS names: Ba'en , Bahi , Behi , بائن , VARIANT names: Bahi , Bahla : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786359 coordinate: lat 22.978865 long 57.304705 NIMA/GNS names: Bahla' , Bahlah , بهلاء , VARIANT names: Bahla , Bahlu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054763 coordinate: lat 30.152507 long 51.584205 NIMA/GNS names: Bahlu , Baker , Darreh Bahlu , بهلو , دره بهلو , VARIANT names: Bahlu , Gureh , ※ SOURCE for Gureh « Fahlian [Name.] 30 17 [Lat.] 51 35 [Long.] 72 miles N.-W. of Shiraz, the chief village of Talaspid plain: situated in the Shib Bawwan valley at N. base of hills, 2 miles W. of Behbehän-Shiraz road at Güreh: narcissus in abundance: De Bodo gave number of houses as 60 or 70; palm-trees, ruined fort; water from canal running 14 miles from mountains beyond Kalah Safid. Climate must be very mild, as palms grow; grain, cattle and grazing plentiful water scarce: W. of Fahliin river is bitter and can only be used for irrigation. Mamassani have made themselves masters of this valley, dispossessing the original inhabitants. [Notes.] … Gureh [Name.] At foot of Kaleh Safid: 9 miles S. by E. from Shah Sadi: large permanent camp of 60 tents. [Notes.] » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 281 Bahr Hadri : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: GULF UFI: -787979 coordinate: lat 20.147631 long 58.134941 NIMA/GNS names: Bahr Hadri , Gulf of Masira , Gulf of Masira , Gulf of Masirah , Khalij Masirah , Masira Bay , VARIANT names: Bahr Hadri , ※ SOURCE for Bahr Hadri « To the south of the island is the Gulf of Maseera, which is known to the Arabs of Oman as Bahr al-Hadri, or the “ Lower Sea.” » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p.488 Bahraband : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055414 coordinate: lat 34.752198 long 48.798519 NIMA/GNS names: Bahraband , Baraband , Baravand , Barband , بارابند , VARIANT names: Bahraband , Baroubant , Behraband , ※ SOURCE for Baroubant « Nous gravissons, en décrivant plusieurs circuits, quelques mon-ticules couverts de neige, et nous arrivons à quatre heures à Baroubant. Ce village est situé partie dans un ravin, partie dans une vallée dominée vers le S. O. et l'E. par des collines élevées. On y voit beau-coup de peupliers et quelques jardins. [We climb, by describing several circuits, some snow-covered mounds, and we arrive at four o'clock at Baroubant. This village is situated partly in a ravine, partly in a valley dominated towards the S.W. and E. by high hills. There are many poplars and some gardens.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 269 ※ SOURCE for Behraband « One mile right is the village of Behra-band, said to contain 600 houses. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 241 Bahrain : place BHR NIMA/GNS feature: ADM1 UFI: -784834 coordinate: lat 26.2166667 long 50.5833333 NIMA/GNS names: Al Manamah , Al Qal`ah , Manama , Manama Fort , Manamah Fort , Qal'at-ad-Diwan , Umm ash Sha`um , Umm ash Shalum , Umm ash Sholum , VARIANT names: Awal , Bahara , Baharem , Bahhrejn , Bahrain , Bahräin , Bahrayn , Bahrëin , Barem , Beroaquem , Dilmun , Fortaleza de Barens , Pai-lién , Tylos , y. de Baarem , ※ SOURCE for Awal « AWAL — The old name of Bahrain Island, disused but still remembered. According to tradition Awal was the name of the first occupier, the brother of a certain Na'asan whose name also is supposed to survive in that of Jazirat Umm Na'asan. The name Awal occurs in the annals of the earliest Muhammadan conquest.(1) Palgrave, however, considers this name to have arisen through a mistake. He states that the word awāl is commonly used for a shark, and as many of these fish are to be found off Bahrain the name came to be applied to the island itself. fn. 1 Vide Le Strange's Lands of the Eastern Caliphate. » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917 ~ vol. 1 p. 299 ※ SOURCE for Bahara « Bahara » in Persia, The Caspian Sea, c. 11730 H. Moll #974 Qasimi, Sultan bin Muhammad Al-, The Gulf in Historic Maps, 1493-1931, Privately published, 1996 ~ p. 145 « Bahara (93 C): Bahreïn / Bahrain / Babrayn Bahara L. (93 E): Bahreïn / Bahrain / Bahrayn » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ p. 413 ※ SOURCE for Baharem « These two islands of Queximi and Baharem are large; and Queximi has eight inhabited towns and has plenty of provisions. Baharem has a large town of many Moors, important and honourable personages. And it is distant from Lorom to the north east xxxiv leagues, and to the island of Queximi fifty leagues of channel; and between it and the mainland from two to four leagues; and after that the coast turns between north-east and east, until the island of Ormuz for xxxv leagues, of which island mention is made lower down.(9) fn. 9 Here there appears to be a gap in the MS. of three quarters of a line. » #2616 Duarte Barbosa, A Description of the Coasts of East Africa And Malabar in the beginning of the sixteenth century , by Duarte Barbosa, A Portuguese . Translated from an early Spanish Manuscript in the Barcelona Library with Notes and a Preface byThe Hon. Henry E. J. Stanley, printed for the Hakluyt Society, London, 1866 ~ pp. 37-8 ※ SOURCE for Bahhrejn « Lorsque Nadir Schah avoit une flotte dans le golfe perfique, Täckt Khán, Begierbeg de Fars, s'empara de l'isle de Bahhrejn, et Mam es Sultan y devint Commandant; mais dèsque Täckt Khán fut allé en Oman avec la flotte de Perfe, le Schecb de Täbbre reprit tout le domaine, de Bahhrejn, excepté la citadelle, [When Nadir Schah had a fleet in the Persian Gulf, Täckt Khán, Begierbeg of Fars, seized the island of Bahhrejn, et Mam es Sultan became Commander there; but as soon as Täckt Khán had gone to Oman with the fleet of Perfe, the Schecb of Täbbre took over the whole domain of Bahhrejn, except the citadel,] » #2874 Carsten Niebuhr, Description de l'Arabie faite sur des observations propres et des avis recueillis dans les lieux mêmes, S. J. Baalde, Amsterdam, 1774 ~ p. 286 ※ SOURCE for Bahräin « Portugal was still the only European nation represented in the Persian Gulf, where the Portuguese power had first as we have seen, been established in 1507, and where the Portuguese flag was as yet supreme at sea. Portuguese fortified stations existed on the islands of Hormuz and Bahrain, at Qishm, at Masqat, and probably at other places in 'Oman, the administrative headquarters being Hormuz, which remaned the chief emporium of trade for a large part of the world. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 1 pt. 1 p. 9 ※ SOURCE for Bahrayn « The archipelago of Bahrayn [q.v.] between Katar and the Saudi Arabian mainland constitutes an Amirate under the rule of Al Khalifa, a family from Nadjd which established itself in the islands in 1197/1783 and has ruled there ever since, with its capital in the port of al-Manama on the main island. British interests in the Persian Gulf come under the supervision of a Political Resident with headquarters in al-Manama. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden ~ vol. 1 p. 540 ※ SOURCE for Bahrëin « The present Sheikhdom of Bahrein consists of the archipelago formed by the islands of Bahrein, Muharraq, Umm Na'asan, Sitrah, and Nebi Salih, with a number of lesser islets and rocks. The whole forms a compact group almost in the middle of the gulf which separates the promontory of El-Qatar and the coast of Qatif; the Sheikhs of Bahrein have had relations of a political nature with El-Qatar (see p. 328). The principal island has an extreme length of 30 miles from N. to S. and a maximum breadth of 10 miles. Muharraq, which lies NE., and is separated from Bahrein by a strait 1 miles broad, has a maximum diameter of 5 miles, but owing to its horseshoe form contains little territory. Umm Na'asan, which is less than 4 miles by 24 miles, lies 3 miles off the W. coast of the main island. Sitrah, separated from the E. coast by a narrow channel, has a length of 41 miles from N. to S., and a maximum breadth of 1½ miles. Nebi Salih, commonly called Jezirah, lying in the inlet of Kabb on the E. coast of Bahrein, NW. of Sitrah, has a diameter of only ½ mile. » #2699 Admiralty War Staff, Intelligence Department, Handbook of Arabia Vol. 1 General, H.M.S.O., London, 1917 ~ vol. 1 p. 311 #1839 Morgan, Jacques de, Mission scientifique en Perse Tome Second Études Géographiques, Ernest Leroux, Paris, 1895 vol. 2: ~ Fig. 148. Ile Bahreïn p. 308 ※ SOURCE for Barem « nous avons une ile appelée Barem (version espagnole Baharem) (Bahrain), où résident un grand nombre de marchands et des gens importants. L'fle est située au milieu du Golfe Persique, de sorte que beaucoup de bateaux avec des marchandises le fréquentent." (3). [we have an island called Barem (Spanish version Baharem) (Bahrain), where a large number of merchants and important people reside. The island is located in the middle of the Persian Gulf, so many ships with goods frequent it." (3).] » #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, Bruxelles, 1949 ~ p. 14 « ya de barem » in {map#884 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 5V. [O-E], Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see PMC vol. 2 EST 216 and AHduGP map 31 ※ SOURCE for Beroaquem « The Bahrain Islands, although included here, belong properly to the Arabian Coast, where also they are mentioned. See § 41. here given in the form Barem is there spelt Beroaquem, the Arabic ḥ being as elsewhere hardened into a k sound, cf. Soquiar for Sohår. ($40). » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol. 1 p. 82 ※ SOURCE for Dilmun « Because of its important location, the Gulf has one of the longest histories of navigation. It is mentioned in the history of ancient Dilmun settlements in the Bahrain Islands as a trading centre as early as the third millennium. » #2426 Mohammed Hameed Salman, Aspects of Portuguese Rule in the Arabian Gulf, 1521-1622 Being a Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of Hull, 2004 ~ p. 34 ※ SOURCE for Fortaleza de Barens « Fortaleza de Barens » in {map#1046 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 8., Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see AHduGP map 32 ※ SOURCE for Pai-lién (#326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp.117, 122 note 13) ※ SOURCE for Tylos Tylos (Ancient Greek: Τύλος) « C3 | Tylos Ins. | HR | Bahrain | Potts 1990, 125-44 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ MAP 95 TYLOS p. 1347 « A intervenção portuguesa na ilha do Bahrein, seguindo as indicações de ataque e utilizando máquinas de guerra construídas sob direcção do Arquitecto Inofre de Carvalho, ocorreu sobre uma pré-existência datada do século XV, realizada sob controlo do sultão de Ormuz. Os senhores locais tinham abandonado o velho forte de Tylos em meados do século XIII e a potência persa dominante no Golfo tomara posição na costa oposta do Mar Pérsico subordinando a nova fortificação à ordem reinante na região. Quando foi tomada pelos portugueses, como extensão do acordo com o rei de Ormuz, foram melhoradas as condições de defesa, realizando-se, à semelhança de obras também levadas a cabo noutros pontos, importantes trabalhos de arquitectura e engenharia militar. » #2046 João Dos Santos De Sousa Campos, Arquitectura Militar Portuguesa No Golfo Pérsico - Ormuz, Keshm E Larak. Dissertação De Doutoramento Apresentada À Faculdade De Letras Da Universidade De Coimbra Na Área De História, Especialidade De História Da Arte, Sob A Orientação Do Professor Doutor Pedro Dias, Coimbra, 2008 ~ p.279 « … Capsina, Sacrum/ Solis Pro/mont., Rhegama … » in {map#840 Sexta Asiae Tabula, Claudius Ptolemaeus Conrad Sweynheym and Arnold Buckinck, 1478, in Cosmographia, Rome} see AHduGP map 3 ※ SOURCE for y. de Baarem « y. de Baarem » in {map#1019 Anonymous Portuguese Planisphere, Pero Fernandes (?), 1545, Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Kartensammlung, FKB 272/11} see AHduGP map 20 and PMC vol. I pl. 79 Bahram Gur Landmark : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.2897145192342 long 51.6976802037048 VARIANT names: Bahram Gur Landmark , ※ SOURCE for Bahram Gur Landmark coordinates obtained from google maps 03dec2023 « کتیبه کرتیر در سرمشهد Bahram Gur Landmark » [The bas-relief of Bahram II and the large Sassanid inscription in Sarmeshhad. PBR] Bahramabad : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080584 coordinate: lat 30.4067 long 55.9939 NIMA/GNS names: Bahramabad , Rafsanjan , Rafsinjan , رفسنجان , VARIANT names: Bahramabad , Rafsandjan , Unas , ※ SOURCE for Bahramabad « ["The province Kerman is still rich in turquoises. The mines of Páríz or Párez are at Chemen-i-mó-aspán, 16 miles from Páríz on the road to Bahrámábád (principal place of Rafsinján), and opposite the village or garden called Gód-i-Ahmer. These mines were worked up to a few years ago; the turquoises were of a pale blue. Other turquoises are found in the present Bardshir plain, and not far from Mashíz, on the slopes of the Chehel tan mountain, opposite a hill called the Bear Hill (tal-i-Khers). » #2066 Yule, Henry, Sir, The book of Ser Marco Polo, the Venetian : concerning the kingdoms and marvels of the East, J. Murray, London, 1903, ~ vol. 1 p. 92 note. 2 « We put up our tents inside the rooms, and when we had settled in, our Yezd acquaintance arrived to dinner, as the floods had delayed him on his journey to Kerman. He told us that from the roof of the Bahramabad caravanserai he had seen houses collapsing one after another around him, and the drainage channel was turned into a roaring torrent some thirty yards wide, sweeping away everything in its course. » #1630 Sykes, Ella C., Through Persia on a side-saddle, A. D. Innes and Co Ltd, 1898, ~ p. 77 « 9th April, Bahramabad, 8 farsakhs ; 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. We had eight farsakhs to march next day. The road descends the bed of the river, winding among the mountain-tops, and passes three villages at twelve, fourteen, and sixteen miles from God-i-Ahmar. At the last village we breakfasted, overlooking the Rafsinjan plain, which was simmering and shimmering in the hot air. The rest of the march was one long descent towards Bahramabad ... It was a long sixteen miles to Bahramabad. We sought quarters in the Persian telegraph-office, but it was too small, so we took the post-house (chaparkhana) instead. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 191 « We spent two days in a garden near Bahramabád, the chief town of Rafsinján (1) and, after being royally entertained, I said good-bye to His Highness, fn. 1 Khafájai are the only nomads in the district, numbering sixty families. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 77 ※ SOURCE for Rafsandjan RAFSANDJAN, a town of Kirman province, central Persia (lat. 30° 25' N., long. 56° 00' E., altitude 1,572 m/5,156 ft.), situated on the Yazd road 120 km/74 miles to the west of Kirman city. It is the cheflieu of a shahrastan or district of the same name. Known also as Bahramabad, in 1991 it had an estimated population of 87,798 (Preliminary results of September 1991 census, Statistical Centre of Iran, Population Division). Bahramabad is a considerable town of 4,000 houses, fairly clean, and evidently thriving. The caravan- serai was a good one, the rooms having for the first time, if I remember rightly, doors and windows; ※ SOURCE for Unas « The town of Rudan, with Unas (also known as Bahramabad) and Aban, was situated in a northern extension of the Kerman oasis which, nevertheless was considered part of Istakhr kurah during this period. » #3094 Donald Whitcomb, Trade and Tradition In Medieval Southern Iran - Thesis, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 1979 ~ p. 113 « To sum up, during Sassanian times the northern desert fringe of both Fars and Kirman was being systematically colonized, and the process may well have included the founding, or at least the enlargement, of the whole string of small qanat-oases in northern Kirman: Zarand, Rafsandjan, Bafq, etc.(6) fn. 6. Yaqut (tr.: 285) calls Zarand an "old town", a designation which usually means pre-Muslim. From the distances given in the geographical literature Le Strange (1905: 286) would identify Rafsandjan, previously Bahramabad, with the medieval town of Unas (see also Schwarz: 224). It might also be a case of successive settlements. The name "Bahramabad" appears from the end of the 14th century (Samarkandi tr.,: 113f). Also Kuh-bunan (between Bafq and Ravar) is sometimes listed as a Sassanian founding (Tomaschek, 1883: 605). 3112 pp. 179-181 ch 14 A parallel can be made with the small town of Unas. The name has also disappeared, but the actual settlement must be either identical with or succeeded by Bahramabad /Rafsandjan.(44)fn. 44 Cf. above p. 181, note 6. » #3112 Peter Christensen, The Decline of Iranshahr: Irrigation and Environment in the Middle East, 500 bc–ad 1500, Bloomsbury Publishing Limited, London, 2015 ~ p. 113 Bahramjird : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054822 coordinate: lat 29.877185 long 56.959038 NIMA/GNS names: Bahram Jerd , Bahramjird , بهرام جرد , VARIANT names: Bahramjird , ※ SOURCE for Bahramjird #1103 p113 Ba'id 22 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 373 542 / FA 375 509 converted to coordinate: lat 23.09079 long 58.34057 VARIANT names: Ba'id 22 , ※ SOURCE for Ba'id 22 « Cairn tombs, beehive tombs, pill-box tombs, walled large boulders » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 45 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Baijan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054851 coordinate: lat 35.984497 long 52.281664 NIMA/GNS names: Baijan , Bayjan , بايجان , VARIANT names: Baijan , Baijun , ※ SOURCE for Baijun « we passed in a midday gloom through the windings of this huge chasm. In a little we passed Baijun, where, close by the tiny village, there was a hot spring, wherein some women were washing clothes. Our path lay still along the river, now this side of it, now that, and always under the great overshadowing mountains. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 328 Bairam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056129 coordinate: lat 27.432027 long 53.514126 NIMA/GNS names: Bairam , Beyram , Beyrom , بیرم , VARIANT names: Bairam , Beyram , Hurmuz - Haram (Siram or Marmaz) , Kobe , ※ SOURCE for Bairam « 3 BAIRAM. 18 m. Six hours. The road goes through an open country with one pass over a ridge. Camp in an open desert. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 459 ※ SOURCE for Beyram « Beyram 5 farsakhs. Said to be a very large village. Water obtainable here from numerous bourkahs. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 128 ※ SOURCE for Hurmuz - Haram (Siram or Marmaz) « For the second, Le Strange adopted the reading Hurmuz, with a totally inadequate identification (p. 176, note 2). He had first read Haram (cf. JRAS (1902), p. 762), a choice he would have modified under the influence of the "Marmaz" variant (ibid., in note). Another variant he indicates, "Siram", would have put him, literally, on the right track. The spelling and the cartographic evidence remove all uncertainty: it is Bairam (Färs-nama-i Nāsiri, II, p. 288; FJ VII, p. 44). » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ p. 28 ※ SOURCE for Kobe « Persian text omitted.[The main place of conflict of "Shah Zendu's" forces was in a part that is now called Bairam, according to the tazkira name of this village "Kabe"; [Kobe] and then renamed to "Brim". What is stated in the Tazkireh is that before the arrival of Shah Zendu in the region, Turkish elements were present in the area in the form of a tribe, and the name Biram is also Turkish and means celebration and Eid. ] » #3263 Vathoqi, Mohammad Baqir , Takwi, Karamatullah , Rahmani, Sadiq , Abdi Rad, Manouchehr, Detailed history of Larestan, همسایه, 2006 ~ vol. 1 p. 202 Bajestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054859 coordinate: lat 34.516388 long 58.184504 NIMA/GNS names: Bajestan , Bejestan , Bijestan , Bijistan , بجستان , VARIANT names: Bajestan , Bajistan , ※ SOURCE for Bajistan « Bajistan is in the Tun and Tabas district, and is explained to mean a place of "Bàj" or customs, the tradition being that the sea was once over the Kavir, or salt desert, in its vicinity. It has some manufactures of silk and woollen cloth ((‘ Bark ”), and the specimen which I saw of the latter article struck me as superior. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ pp. 79-80 Bajgah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054860 coordinate: lat 29.71895261 long 52.58913073 NIMA/GNS names: Bachke Saray , Bajgah , باجگاه , VARIANT names: Bagsga , Bajgah , ※ SOURCE for Bagsga « De Puligourc, on va à Bagsga, qui en est à quatre lieues et demie, dont partie se fait par des plaines, et partie par des montagnes. Bagsga veut dire lieu de tribut (2), parce que c'est le lieu où les rois de Chiras tenoient la douane, avant que leur état eût été réuni à la monarchie persane par Abas-le-Grand, durant le siècle passé. Les rahdars de Chiras s'y tiennent et s'y font payer leur droit. Il n'y a qu'un caravanserai vieux et demi-use, situé au pied d'une montagne,fn. 2 Je crois qu'il faut lire bakhchegál, lieu du présent; bakh-cheon bakhchyche indique un présent volontaire ou forcé. (L-s.) [From Puligourc, one goes to Bagsga, which is four and a half leagues away, partly across plains and partly across mountains. Bagsga means place of tribute (2), because it is the place where the kings of Shiras held customs, before their state was united with the Persian monarchy by Abbas the Great, during the last century. The rahdars of Shiras hold their posts there and collect their dues. There is only one old and half-worn caravanserai, located at the foot of a mountain,fn. 2 I believe that bakhchegál should be read, place of the present; bakh-cheon bakhchyche indicates a voluntary or forced present. (L-s.)which] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 240 ※ SOURCE for Bajgah « Bajgah » in {map#1245 in #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ fig. Route-kaart voor de reis van het gezantschap Cunaeus van Bender Abbas (Gamron) naar Isfahan (1652)} Bajgan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054868 coordinate: lat 31.457544 long 55.881563 NIMA/GNS names: Bajgan , Bajgan , Bajgun , Bajigan , Bujigan , باجگان , باجگون , باجيگان , بجگن , بوجيگان , VARIANT names: Bajgan , Bakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054873 coordinate: lat 28.5605 long 55.7235 NIMA/GNS names: Bakan , Bakan , Bakon , باكان , باكن , باكن , VARIANT names: Bakan , Bakhard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056381 coordinate: lat 27.855345 long 53.61781 NIMA/GNS names: Bakhard , Bigherd , Biqerd , بیغرد , VARIANT names: Bakhard , ※ SOURCE for Bakhard « Bakhard » in {map#1317 GSGS 4340 SOUTHERN ASIA 1:2 000 000 SOUTH IRAN, War Office, London, 1945, } Bakhtajerd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054899 coordinate: lat 28.7348 long 54.4289 NIMA/GNS names: Bakhlagird , Bakhlajerd , Bakhtajerd , Bakhtajerd , Baxtajerd , بختاجرد , VARIANT names: Bakhtajerd , Bakht-i-Gird , ※ SOURCE for Bakht-i-Gird « 2-40 P.M. passed the village of Bakht-i-Gird on the right about a mile in the plain. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 8 Bakhtiari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054904 coordinate: lat 28.073424 long 53.980175 NIMA/GNS names: Bakhteyar , Bakhteyaru , Bakhtiari , Bakhtiaruyeh , بختیارویه , VARIANT names: Bachtiaru , Bachtiaru , Bakhtiari , Bakhtiyari , Bocktearee , ※ SOURCE for Bachtiaru « Bei Regen reist man besser, wenn auch weiter um, nach Bachtiaru (Bachtiyari) 2 Farsach, von dort nach Benaru 1 Farsach. So machte ich ¼ Stunde SSW den Umweg nach Bachtiaru. Dieses Kala (Qal' a, Burg) wollen wir nach Ende der Station [If it rains, it is better to travel, although further, to Bakhtiaru (Bachtiyari) 2 Farsach, from there to Benaru 1 Farsach. So I took a detour to Bakhtiaru ¼ hour SSW. We want this Kala (Qal'a, castle) after the end of the station] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 117 ※ SOURCE for Bachtiaru When it rained, the road to Banaru was followed via Bakhtiyari (after two farsakhs) which had a fortress with two high towers. Banaru also had a fortress and large cisterns. (103) fn. 103 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p.117 (Bachtiaru; Benaru); Hedges, p. 206 (Bocktarea, a nice village with a water supply, the home of his chief muleteer, at whose house he stayed); ... ※ SOURCE for Bakhtiyari When it rained, the road to Banaru was followed via Bakhtiyari (after two farsakhs) which had a fortress with two high towers. Banaru also had a fortress and large cisterns. (103) fn. 103 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p.117 (Bachtiaru; Benaru); Hedges, p. 206 (Bocktarea, a nice village with a water supply, the home of his chief muleteer, at whose house he stayed); ... ※ SOURCE for Bocktearee « August 15. We rose from Beeres, and passing through Benarroo, lay at Bocktearee, a pretty well seated village, where our Chief Muleteer lived, who invited and entertained us at his house very courteously. This Place is well watered (a rarity in this Country) with a fine running stream (the first and only one I have yet seen in this barren Country), conveyed to them by an Aqueduct under ground.August 16.-We lay here (being Sunday) all day, and accepted of our Muleteer's entertainement. »#3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 206 Bakwa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3369928 coordinate: lat 32.2336111 long 62.9430556 NIMA/GNS names: Bakwa , Soltan-e Bakva , VARIANT names: Bacon , Bakwa , ※ SOURCE for Bacon « We staid here one day to rest our cattle, which was termed making mochoane ; and on the 3d we went seven p. to an old castle called Bacon. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 214 Bakwa serai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.24191 long 62.947306 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: 85x78m to be confirmed VARIANT names: Bakwa serai , ※ SOURCE for Bakwa serai « Bakwa serai » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Afghanistan:, , , David Rumsey Map Collection fig. Farah I-41 U 1942} Bal Bali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054987 coordinate: lat 27.8671 long 52.6555 NIMA/GNS names: Bal Bali , Baleli , Baleyli , Balili , بل بلی , VARIANT names: Bal Bali , Bala C. : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.676329 long 54.605615 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bala C. , Biri Bala , Sera 't Surgou , ※ SOURCE for Bala C. « Le 20, un froid pénétrant se faisait sentir. A sept heures du matin nous commençâmes à marcher. Le chemin était rocailleux, et bordé de canaux souterrains. Après une farseng, nous nous arrêtons quelques instans dans un caravansérail appelé Bala, placé entre deux citernes en berceau. Un chemin inégal et mon- tueux nous conduit à un ravin. [On the 20th, a penetrating cold was felt. At seven o'clock in the morning we began to walk. The path was rocky, and bordered by underground canals. After a farseng, we stopped for a few moments in a caravanserai called Bala, placed between two barrel cisterns. An uneven and hilly path led us to a ravine.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 432 « The road now slopes very gently towards the N. At 3½ miles the ruined caravansarai of Biri Bālā is passed, ½ a mile to the N. of the road; water from one open cistern; grazing fair; supplies nil. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 170 ※ SOURCE for Biri Bala « Biri Bala (in ruins) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} ※ SOURCE for Sera 't Surgou « 19en 'smorgens ontrent ½ vijff, wen met Sijn Edele weder te peert saten en bij goeden tredt naer drie mijlen rijdens de Sera 't Surgou (4), welke vol reysigers lagh, voorbij gereden en daarontrent wat ontbeten hebbende, is weynigh daaraan den tolkfn. 4 Sarkh-o?, 1. e. Roodwater Bij Petter vindt men Sargab (ab= water, wordt in vele streken van het Z. van Perzië door de landlieden • uitgesproken). Tavernier geeft het als Tcherkab, Chardin: Chercoff. [19 and around half past five in the morning, we sat down again with His Honor and, with good pace, drove past three miles of the Sera 't Surgou (4), which was full of travelers, and having had some breakfast there, the interpreter is almost there. fn. 4 Sarkh-o?, 1. e. Redwater Near Petter one finds Sargab (ab= water, pronounced by farmers in many regions of southern Persia). Tavernier gives it as Tcherkab, Chardin: Chercoff.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 44 Bala Deh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054924 coordinate: lat 27.4023 long 53.5799 NIMA/GNS names: Bala Deh , بالا ده , VARIANT names: Bala Deh , Bala Deh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054925 coordinate: lat 29.286854 long 51.942535 NIMA/GNS names: Bala Deh , بالا ده , VARIANT names: Bala Deh , Baladeh , Baladih , Balla Deh , ※ SOURCE for Bala Deh « BalaDeh » in {map#1139 Sketch Map of the River Mand or Kara-Aghatch, , , #1453 Ross, E. C., Notes on the River Mand, or Kara-Aghatch (The Sitakos of the Ancients) in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1883 (Dec.) New Monthly Series 5:12:712-6 ~} « 260 to Balla Deh ... ¾ mile 325 to Robat » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 182 ※ SOURCE for Baladeh « Baladeh » in {map#1160 Fig. 1 Location of Fahlian and other way-stations on the Royal Road (modified from Mostafavi 1967), , , #3067 Yoshihiro Nishiaki, Fahlian (Tape Suruvan), Faras, Iran, Laboratory for Prehistoric Archaeology of West Asia, The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, 2020 ~} ※ SOURCE for Baladih « Baladih » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} Bala Rud : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.662539 long 48.274786 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bala Rud , ※ SOURCE for Bala Rud « Bala Rud » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. I-39S Dizful} Bala Rud : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.798282 long 48.400126 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bala Rud , ※ SOURCE for Bala Rud « Bala Rud » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. I-39S Dizful} Bala Rud : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3772345 coordinate: lat 32.246398 long 48.328899 NIMA/GNS names: Bala Rud , Rudkhaneh-ye Balarud , رودخانه بالارود , VARIANT names: Bala Rud , Bala Shahr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054960 coordinate: lat 28.9662 long 53.157 NIMA/GNS names: Bala Shahr , بالاشهر , VARIANT names: Bala Shahr , ※ SOURCE for Bala Shahr « Bala Shahr » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} « at 8½ miles, Bālā Shahr, both on the eastern bank of the river; » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 stage distance 17½ miles actual length 22.3 miles. corrected to 10.8 miles. PBR] Balad Ruz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3103658 coordinate: lat 33.7022222 long 45.0775 NIMA/GNS names: Balad Ruz , VARIANT names: Balad Ruz , Baleli : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054987 coordinate: lat 27.8671 long 52.6555 NIMA/GNS names: Bal Bali , Baleli , Baleyli , Balili , بل بلی , VARIANT names: Baleli , Balesh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CRRL UFI: 10433991 coordinate: lat 28.855329 long 54.554362 NIMA/GNS names: Balesh , بالش , VARIANT names: Balesh , Balkh : place AFG NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3370021 coordinate: lat 36.7583333 long 66.8988889 NIMA/GNS names: Bactra , Bactresh , Bakhtar , Balhika , Balkh , Bamik , Bkahdi , VARIANT names: Bactra , Balkh , ※ SOURCE for Bactra owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Bactra, 66.9, 36.75, AF, nkn, exact, 22, tmcIRa0100_014a » ※ SOURCE for Balkh also called Vazirabad, village in northern Afghanistan that was formerly Bactra, the capital of ancient Bactria. It lies 14 miles (22 km) west of the city of Mazar-e-Sharif and is situated along the Balkh River. A settlement existed at the site as early as 500 BC, and the town was captured by Alexander the Great about 330 BC. Thereafter it was the capital of the Greek satrapy of Bactria. In succeeding centuries the city fell to various nomadic invaders, including the Turks and Kushans, until it was decisively taken by the Arabs in the 8th century. Balkh then became the capital of Khorasan; it enlarged greatly in size until under the 'Abbasids and Samanids its fame as a capital and centre of learning earned it the title of “mother of cities.” Balkh was completely destroyed by the Mongols under Genghis Khan in 1220. Thereafter it lay in ruins until, after its capture by Timur, it was rebuilt early in the 15th century. But in 1480 the alleged discovery of the tomb of 'Ali, the Prophet Muhammad's son-in-law, in neighbouring Mazar-e Sharif once again reduced Balkh to insignificance. Balkh was incorporated into Afghanistan in 1850. The modern village of Balkh is situated amid extensive ruins, chief among them the outer walls of ancient Bactra, which are more than 7 miles (11 km) in circumference. Other remains of Balkh's splendour include ancient Buddhist reliquary mounds and later Islamic shrines and mosques. The shrine of Khvajeh Abu Nasr Parsa is a remnant of its historic past. Pop. (1973 est.) 2,735. #EB2002 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.258 long 62.716 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Balomus , ※ SOURCE for Balomus #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ Indica 27.2 Balutak Shalu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3823175 coordinate: lat 31.728412 long 50.1448 NIMA/GNS names: Balutak , Balutak Shalu , بلوطک , بلوطک شالو , VARIANT names: Balutak Shalu , Godar-i-Balutak , God-i-Balutak , Guda-i-Balutak , Gudar Balutakh , Gudar-i-Balutak , ※ SOURCE for Godar-i-Balutak « Altitude of the valley 2820 feet. From this point to the open country at Godar-i-Balutak, we followed down long and narrow valleys enclosed by lofty mountain walls. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 549 ※ SOURCE for God-i-Balutak « From Deh Diz descend steadily down a water-course to the banks of the Karun, through wooded country. At 4 miles pass the village of Kala Sard, about 100 houses. About 2 miles further the Stream of Rekal. Thence continual descent to the God-i-Balutak, a deserted village being passed on the way. The road not bad for mules. The river here was deep and flowing, say, 5 miles an hour, and at this season it is 40 yards in width. Its bank showed marks of a rise of 10 or 12 during spring floods when the width would be 60 yards. Men and goods cross on inflated skin rafts, animals are swum across. This situation of God-i-Balutak is admirably adapted for a flying bridge, and there is nothing to prevent the working of such a bridge if a good stout boat were built for the purpose. Laden mules could then make the passage in a few minutes. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, 1898 ~ p. 202 ※ SOURCE for Guda-i-Balutak « After about ten miles we turned suddenly to the south-west and crossing a steep ridge a few hundred feet high we came upon the Karun which is here a very swift deep river 60' to 80' wide flowing between high rocky banks. The mules were unloaded, while the boat on which we and our belongings were to be ferried across was prepared. It consisted of a kind of lattice of boughs, about 8' square, under which thirteen inflated goatskins were tied. A small boy with a bough five feet long with a piece of wood about half the size of the top of a bandbox tied across the end, sat on the front and paddled hard. The stream swept it rapidly down, but we got into a back eddy and landed safely, the mules being simply driven into the water and having to swim across. Our halting place, Güda-i-Balūtak is close to the other bank, and we got a room without difficulty. » #3563 Burn, R., The Bakhtiari Hills, an Itinerary of the road from Isfahan to Shustar, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 1897 vol. LXVI:pp 170-9 ~ p. 176 ※ SOURCE for Gudar Balutakh « GUDAR BALÚTÁKH 9 134The road, which is good, descends easily a gradually through a valley (passing at half-ho a small village) to Kárún river (here 60 yan wide, with deep rocky bed, very rapid and subje osudden rises), crossed by ferry of reed raft. No village here. Water procurable, but upplies. Thence two roads to Málámír, one by Gúrgír, rough and stony; other as below. » #3461 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Routes in Persia, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1887 ~ p. 213 ※ SOURCE for Gudar-i-Balutak « From the bridge an ascent leads to a wid plateau on the right bank of the river. This ascent, though steep, is not nearly so steep a that on the Mālāmir side, and is in less rocky soil. The serai of Pul-i-Shālū is no situated on the plateau, but is on a small inconvenient platform half-way up to it Before the bridge was built, the river used to be crossed by a ford at Gudār-i-Balūtak abou 4 miles up-stream. From there the road proceeded S. of the present one through the hills until it reached the Kaleh Madraseh by the Tang-i-Kaf. » #3548 compiled by Lieutenant A T Wilson, 'Military Report on S. W. Persia, Vol. III. Bakhtiāri Country North of Kārūn River', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/10/3, in Qatar Digital Library, Government Monotype Press, Simla, India, 1910 ~ p. 42 Balvard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055034 coordinate: lat 29.4198 long 56.0486 NIMA/GNS names: Balvard , Balvareh , بلورد , VARIANT names: Balvard , Bam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055036 coordinate: lat 29.106 long 58.357 NIMA/GNS names: Bam , بم , VARIANT names: Bam , ※ SOURCE for Bam #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ p. 34 map 3, G4, EncIran Bam co-ordinates lat 29.08 long 58.32 estimated from map « But on the day following we effected the passage, and by a second forced march of 35 miles completed our descent, and traversed the plain country to Bam, near which place we were met by Major Lovett, R.E., Quartermaster-Sergeant Bower, R.E., and one or two of our old native attendants. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 67 Bambari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055042 coordinate: lat 27.2003 long 53.0238 NIMA/GNS names: Bambari , بمبری , VARIANT names: Bambari , Bambiz-e Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055997 coordinate: lat 32.7133 long 53.129 NIMA/GNS names: Bambiz-e Bala , Benavid-e Bala , Benoyd-e-'Olya , Benvid-e `Olya , Benvid-e Bala , بنوید علیا , VARIANT names: Bambiz-e Bala , Beavas , ※ SOURCE for Beavas « The 13th, three p. to Beavas. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 216 Bambiz-e Pa'in : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056021 coordinate: lat 32.73 long 53.1616 NIMA/GNS names: Bambiz-e Pa'in , Bambiz-e Pa'in , Benoyd-e-Sofla , Benvid-e Pa'in , Benvid-e Sofla , بنوید سفلی , VARIANT names: Bambiz-e Pa'in , Bampan : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.293159 long 55.173872 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bampan , Berkei Dobend , Bonko Bonpaan , Borka bon paan , caravanserai on the left , ※ SOURCE for Bampan « Bampan » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} « The ground, stony, and sparsely covered with thin dried up yellow grass, kanar, and furze bush, slopes always south-easterly, and for the next 4 miles 6 furlongs is crossed continually by a succession of small and very shallow water-courses, all of which are dry, and in most cases appear to be worn by mere surface drainage to the river Shur. At 4 miles 2 furlongs we pass the ruins of a caravanserai, named "Bampan," and two or three cisterns, the latter containing no water. The hills, on the south side of the valley, are now distant from the road about 2 or 3 miles. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 30 « Pas Par Dalan 8¾ m. General direction W.-N.-W. At 2½ miles the ruined caravanserai and dry cisterns of Bampan. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 32 « BAMPAN-LAT. 27° 17' N.; LONG. 55° 11' E.; ELEV.A ruined serai, and 3 cisterns (all dry in March 1907), 2½ miles west of Jihün on the Bandar 'Abbās-Lär road. No population. (Wilson and Cruickshank, 1907.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt 1 A-K p. 125 « At 4 miles 2 furlongs we pass the ruins of a caravanserai, named "Bampan," and two or three cisterns, the latter containing no water. The hills, on the south side of the valley, are now distant from the road about 2 or 3 miles. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 30 « At 24 miles ruined caravansarai and dry cisterns of Bampan. The road crosses some water courses, flowing S.-E., and becomes steeper and stonier as the hills to the N. are approached. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 166 ※ SOURCE for Berkei Dobend « We parted frotu thence Monday the fixth of April, half an hour after Midnight; at firſt, for above an hour we had very bad ftony way, but it proved pretty good afterward; about two in the Morning we paſſed by a little covered Kervanferay, called Berkei Dobend, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 133 [from Tenghidalan 1.5 hrs at 4 km/hr ≃ 6 kms. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Bonko Bonpaan « Den 11. dito. Ten 2 uuren 's nachts weder vertrokken zynde, quam zyn Ed. een uur na zonsopgang aan de ruft-plaats Bonko Bonpaan, zynde 1 myl verder, dan Gioen. [On the 11th ditto. Having left again at 2 o'clock in the morning, his Ed. arrived an hour after sunrise at the resting place Bonko Bonpaan, which is 1 mile further than Gioen.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 pp. 272-3 ※ SOURCE for Borka bon paan « Den 7. na 6 mylen over een ſteenagtigen weg gereden te hebben; quam zyn Ed: in de Karrawaanſera Borka bon paan. [The 7th, after having driven 6 miles over an eighty-eighty road; quam zyn Ed: in the Karrawaanſera Borka bon paan.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for caravanserai on the left « Die letzten Meilen waren wegen der Menge der Bäume und Kräuter gar lustig, 1½ Farsach zu einer Karawanserei links, [The last miles were quite fun because of the amount of trees and herbs, 1½ farsach to a caravanserai on the left,] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 123 Bampur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055057 coordinate: lat 27.19439 long 60.455939 NIMA/GNS names: Bampoor , Bampur , بمپور , VARIANT names: Bampur , Poura , Pura , ※ SOURCE for Bampur Fraser, P. M., Cities of Alexander the Great, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996 map ※ SOURCE for Poura « No conqueror could take more out of Makran than he is prepared to put in; and in view of the inhospitable nature of the country we can hardly expect the Persians to have maintained much of a presence there. In 325 B.C. Alexander came from the Indus delta and forced his way through a couple of peoples (Arabitai and Oreitai) of whom it was remarked that they had from long ago been independent, after which he spent sixty days traversing Gedrosia until he came to its ‘palace’ (i.e. satrapal centre) at Poura. In all this stretch there was no vestige of imperial authority, and we have to assume that there was no satrap in Makran east of Poura. Poura was fairly certainly on the Bampur river, and it was probably at Bampur itself rather than Fahraj (Pahra, now Iranshahr), it will thus have been not more than ten days’ march east of the centre where Alexander camped in Karmania inland from Hormuz. That Poura had been a satrapal seat from early Achaemenid times is highly prob-able because a Persepolis tablet of 500 BC records the issue of grain to the satrap of Purush (PF 681). » #250 p. 190 ※ SOURCE for Pura « Pura itself probably lay close to Bampur, on the Bampur river, some 150 miles inland. » (#848 Fraser, P. M., Cities of Alexander the Great, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996 p. 167 n.) Ban Zardeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3797922 coordinate: lat 34.543397 long 45.953495 NIMA/GNS names: Ban Zardeh , بان زرده , VARIANT names: Ban Zardeh , Banaf : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055076 coordinate: lat 29.564987 long 51.521571 NIMA/GNS names: Banaf , Banav , بناف , بناو , VARIANT names: Banaf , ※ SOURCE for Banaf 3079 abb5 Banak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055078 coordinate: lat 27.871 long 52.0274 NIMA/GNS names: Banag , Banak , Bank , Mahalleh-ye Banak , بنگ , بنک , محله بنک , VARIANT names: Banak , Benak , ※ SOURCE for Benak « Benak » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121 fig. } Banak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3758985 coordinate: lat 30.35 long 48.2 NIMA/GNS names: Banak , Omm ol Kharnub , Omm ol Qasab-e Haj `Ali , VARIANT names: Banak , Bank , ※ SOURCE for Banak « Banak, the northernmost village on the coast of Shibku situated about 3 miles north-westward of Kangun. » #353 The Persian Gulf Pilot 1870 - 1932 8th edition, Archive Editions, Slough, 1989 ~ p. 153 ※ SOURCE for Bank « Bank » in {map#1031 Series K462.[Central Persian Gulf, Sheet NG 39-E], United States. Army Map Service., , University of Texas Libraries Collections} Bandamir bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.773715 long 52.847381 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bandamir bridge , Band-Amir bridge , Bend Emir , ※ SOURCE for Bandamir bridge « A 20 miles the Bandamir river is crossed by a masonry bridge with 3 high arches. The river runs strongly at the bridge, though it is elsewhere slow and deep, about 45 feet broad, with mud banks 10 feet above the level of the water. Eight miles further down stream, the river is crossed by a great dam on which stands a bridge of 13 arches, built about A.D. 970, from which the river has been named Band-Amir (Curzon). It is generally unfordable, and the water fairly good. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 191 ※ SOURCE for Band-Amir bridge « Eight miles further down stream, the river is crossed by a great dam on which stands a bridge of 13 arches, built about A.D. 970, from which the river has been named Band-Amir (Curzon). It is generally unfordable, and the water fairly good. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 191 ※ SOURCE for Bend Emir « e ci avviammo verso la città di Sciraz, capo oggi della provincia della Persia, e sede d'Imam-culi chan che ne ha il governo. Era lontana Sciraz di là per la via più dritta dieci leghe, ma a noi, per esser rotto un ponte sopra il Kur che ci conveniva passare, per lo quale la strada è più corta, fu necessario di camminar due leghe di più, e fare in tutto infin a Sciraz dodici leghe, andando a passare il Kur più lontano per un altro ponte chiamato Bend' Emir, che vuol dire legatura, cioè ponte dell'Emir, che da Cehilminar due leghe discosto si ritrova. Chiamano alle volte i Persiani legature i ponti, perchè legano in un certo modo insieme amendue le ripe de'liumi. C' incamminammo dunque di notte a quella volta, ma per essere scuro senza luna, e tutti quei piani dove semi-nano riso ed altro, irrigati e tagliati da molti rivi di acqua, che per passarli bisognava andar bene spesso in qua ed in là, gi-rando perdemmo il cammino, e facendo invano molto più viag-gio che non dovevamo fare, andammo tutta quella notte errando malamente per quella pianura. La mattina del venerdi, poco innanzi l'alba, passammo il ponte Bendemir, il quale è cosi detto da un tal Emir Hamza Dilemita che lo fabbrico. [and we set out towards the city of Shiraz, the present head of the province of Persia, and the seat of the Imam-culi chan who governs it. Shiraz was ten leagues away from there by the straightest road, but because a bridge over the Kur that we had to cross, by which the road is shorter, was broken, we were obliged to walk two leagues more, and in all to Shiraz twelve leagues, going to cross the furthest Kur by another bridge called Bend' Emir, which means binding, that is, the bridge of the Emir, which is two leagues from Cehilminar. The Persians sometimes call bridges bindings, because they bind together in a certain way both banks of the rivers. So we set out at night, but since it was dark and there was no moon, and all those plains where they sow rice and other things, irrigated and cut by many streams of water, so that to cross them we had to go often here and there, turning we lost our way, and making in vain much more travel than we should have done, we went all that night wandering badly over that plain. On the morning of Friday, shortly before dawn, we crossed the Bendemir bridge, which is so called from a certain Emir Hamza Dilemita who built it.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 264 Bandamir Rud : stream grp 25 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3072027 coordinate: lat 29.997295 long 52.750737 NIMA/GNS names: Bandamir , Bandamir Rud , Band-e Amir , Kor , Kur , Kur Rud , Kurowsh , Qain Piran , Rud-e Band-e Amir , Rud-e Kor , Rud-i-Kur , Rudkhaneh-te Kaz , Rudkhaneh-ye Kor , رودخانه کر , رودخانه کز , VARIANT names: Bandamir Rud , Bandar Abbas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055107 coordinate: lat 27.1865 long 56.2808 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar `Abbas , Bandar `Abbasi , Bandar-e `Abbas , Cambarao , Gombroon , Gumrun , Port Comorao , بندر عباس , بندر عباس , بندر عباسی , گمبرن , VARIANT names: Bandar Abbas , Bandar port , Bandel , Bandel do Comorão , Bander - Abassi , Bander goomroone , Bander-Abaffie , Banderabassi , Bander-Abassi , Bender Abaʃʃi , Bender gomrow , Bender-Abassy , Bender-Abbassi , Camarão , Combrú , Comerão , Gambrun , Gamron , Gamru , Gamrun , Gombroon , Gombrun , Goumeron , Hurmuz or Bandar , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Abbas « There are grounds for believing that the town is situated on or near the site of the small fishing village of Shahrū (see Iṣṭakhri, 67) or Shahruvā (see the Ḥudūd al-ʿAlam, 124 and 375). When the neighbouring island of Djarūn (or Djarrūn) ceased to be so called and was given instead the name of Hormuz at the beginning of the 8th/14th century, the former name was transferred to Shahrū. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 1 p. 1013 « trockensten, allerheißesten, giftigsten, ungesundesten, verfluchtesten und der Hölle schatverwande Ormusschen Seehafen und Stadt Gamron oder Bandar 'Abbas. [driest, hottest, most poisonous, unhealthy, most cursed and hell-bound Ormuz seaport and city of Gamron or Bandar 'Abbas.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 125 « Leaving Chahaly, immediately dropped into the wide bed of a river with high sandstone cliffs on each side. This we followed for 20 minutes, and then ascending the cliffs to the right by a sharp, short pass, got into a lot of curious sandstone hills cut up in every direction into funny forms and peaks by the effects of running water, Followed along a road in the plateau of sandstone, which was nothing but a series of narrow troughs cut by the innumerable feet of donkeys and assisted by rain, for over an hour, and then descending quickly, came on to the sands which surround Bandar Abbas. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 22 « 1614. (The Captain-major) “under orders of Dom Luis da Gama returned to succour Comorão, but found the enemy’s fleet already there and the fort surrendered.…News which was heard by Dom Luis da Gama and most of the people of Ormuz in such way as might be expected, some of the old folks of Ormuz prognosticating at once that in losing Comorão Ormuz itself would be lost before long, seeing that the former was like a barbican or outwork on which the rage of the Persian enemy spent itself, giving time to Ormuz to prepare against their coming thither.” - Bocarro, Decada, 349. » #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A. C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996 ~ p. 384 « from Lar to Bandar (28). And that is where the harbour of Hormuz (29) is, fn. 28 By "Bandar" (lit., harbour) Nikitin means Old Hormuz (see next note).fn. 29 Hormuz is an island and old seaport in the Persian Gulf. Old Hormuz stood on the coast. » #623 Nikitin, Athanasy, Khozhenie za tri moria Afanasiia Nikitina, 1466-1472 gg. (Afansy Nikitin's Voyage beyond the Three Seas, 1466-1472), Moskva, 1960, ~ p. 109 ※ SOURCE for Bandar port « Ho dominguo pela menhaam chegaram ao porto de banda que está na terra firme tres legoas d ormuz, [On Sunday morning they arrived at the port of Banda, which is on dry land three leagues from Ormuz,] » #2516 Afonso de Albuquerque, ed.Raymundo Antonio de Bulhão Pato, Henrique Lopes de Mendonça, Cartas de Affonso de Albuquerque, seguidas de documentos que as elucidam, Academia Real Das Sciencias de Lisboa, 1884, 1898 ~ vol. 2 p. 235 ※ SOURCE for Bandel « fn. 11 In referring to the general area of the Persian littoral, Silva y Figueroa employs the Portuguese term Bandel, based on Persian bandar (meaning “harbor city”); this region corresponds to the present-day Iranian province of Hormozgān, which faces the Persian Gulf near the Straits of Hormuz (see p. 244) » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017 ~ p. 246 « fn. 94 The Persian word bandar, meaning “harbor city,” refers to the Persian littoral around Gamrū [Bandar-e ʿAbbās]; see YandB, 58, s.v. “bandel.” For the province in which the Bandel is located, see p. 246 n. 11. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017 ~ p. 285 The next morning the sultan of the Bandel, under whose jurisdiction [fol. 476r] falls the section of mainland between Gamrū and the island of Qeshm, » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017 ~ p. 732 « The Portuguese were detained "some days" at the port of Bandel, taking horses (canalgaduras) to ride upon, and camels for their possessions (fato), and sundry other things for their journey. Our author, in a brief note, describes Bandel (Bandar Abbas) as a place of thatched houses, inhabited by poor people, living in a land well provided with dates. » #3255 Ronald Bishop Smith., The First Age of the Portuguese Embassies, Navigations and Peregrinations in Persia (1507-1524), Decatur Press, Bethesda, Maryland, 1970 ~ p. 64 ※ SOURCE for Bandel do Comorão « The origins of Bandel do Comorão lay in the period after the Portuguese took Hormuz in 1515 during ‘the time of the Kings of Lar who allowed them to stay there so they could better supply Ormuz.’ (5) The island’s hereditary rulers had traditionally claimed allegiance from parts of Mughestan and Birunat from which were derived significant revenues.(6) fn. 5 CASA OCD 234/d, Fr Redento de la Cruz, Relación. chap. XXX, f.1 fn. 6 Aubin, Jean. 1973 ‘Le Royaume d’Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle’, Mare Luso-Indicum, vol 2, 107-8. Mughestan comprised the coastal territory east of the Strait of Hormuz between Minab in the north and the southern coast at Jask. Minab, Manujan and Vaskird, north-east of the Strait, represented three districts of Birunat from which Hormuz earned revenues. » #1698 Faridany, E. K., Signal Defeat: the Portuguese Loss of Comorão in 1614 and its Political and Commercial Consequences at Portugal, The Persian Gulf and Safavid Persia Conference, 8-9 September 2007 The Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, Washington, 2007 ~ p.2 ※ SOURCE for Bander - Abassi « On a à la gauche les montagnes, et la mer à la droite, mais à tant de distance qu'on ne la voit que quand on est tout proche de Bander - Abassi; on dé- couvre sur la route plusieurs bois de dattiers, qui sont les maisons d'été des gens de ces pays- là. A cinq cents pas de la ville, il y a un bureau de raalidars, ou gardes des grands chemins, qui sert de bornes au gouvernement de Laar, lequel s'étend jusqu'en ce lieu. Je fus mettre pied à terre au bureau de la compagnie des Indes orientales de France , dont un fort honnête homme de Dijon, nommé M. Perrot , ëtolt le chef. [We have the mountains on the left, and the sea on the right, but at such a distance that we only see it when we are very close to Bander - Abassi; On the road we discover several date palm groves, which are the summer homes of the people of these countries. Five hundred steps from the town, there is an office of raalidars, or guards of the highways, which serves as boundaries for the government of Laar, which extends to this place. I disembarked at the office of the French East India Company, of which a very honest man from Dijon, named M. Perrot, was the head.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 505-6 ※ SOURCE for Bander goomroone 19 The 19th daye being Fridaye we came to Bander goomroone [Gombroon], being the port,wch place we did long to see; and att lengtht the almighti God out of His bountiful merciehath brought vs safe, haueing past thorow great many misseries and troubles. This night Mr.Robert Hedges, a gentn and being a spetiall freind of mine, agreed wth my self for to ride thorow to the towne being 7 lges., and lighted att the English howse, wher we were courteousely entertayned.Here we took our lodging this night. ※ SOURCE for Bander-Abaffie « « Endlich den 15, Octobr.noch fruhe mors gens bey guter Zeit langten wir vor Ban- der-Abaffie an: wurden ganz gutig und ungehindert eingelassen/ und gleich im ersten Eingang von verschiedenen Euro påern freundlichst begrússet/uud in gelegene Caravanfera eingewiesen. [Finally, on October 15th, early in the morning, we arrived at Bander-Abaffie in good time. We were let in very easily and without hindrance and were greeted very kindly by several Europeans at the first entrance and shown to the nearby caravan site.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707~ » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 272-3 ※ SOURCE for Banderabassi « Banderabassi » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 ※ SOURCE for Bander-Abassi « De Bend-Ali au Bander-Abassi il n'y a plus que deux grandes lieues, et la plus grande partie du chemin est un pays de palmiers. [From Bend-Ali to Bander-Abassi there are only two long leagues, and the greater part of the way is a country of palm trees.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 326 ※ SOURCE for Bender Abaʃʃi « us from the Fort of Bender Abaʃʃi, it we had come there in the Night time, and therefore we parted not from Bendali till next day at half an hour after two in the Morning, and a little after five a Clock we came to the Houſe of a Rhadar near the Town of Bender, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 135 ※ SOURCE for Bender gomrow « The second of August about mid- night, I arrived at Bender gomrow, where the Portugals keepe a Castle with seven or eight Souldiers, within it. And this Bender gomrow, which is on the mayne land, was sometimes the Kings of Lar, and after that Abreham Cans, and so it came to the King of Ormus. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 460 ※ SOURCE for Bender-Abassy « 27 avril. Les chameaux sont en effet arrivés, et j'espère enfin quitter Bender-Abassy, où la chaleur est extrême, et l'air excessivement mauvais. [April 27. The camels have indeed arrived, and I hope to finally leave Bender-Abassy, where the heat is extreme, and the air extremely bad. ] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 585 ※ SOURCE for Bender-Abbassi « Nous arrivâmes à midi à Bender-Abbassi . Le commandant eut la bonté de venir nous recevoir à la porte de sa maison . [We arrived at Bender-Abbassi at noon.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 390 ※ SOURCE for Camarão « GOMBROON, n.p. The old name in European documents of the place on the Persian Gulf now known as Bandar ’Abbas, or ’Abbasi. The latter name was given to it when Shah ’Abbas, after the capture and destruction of the island city of Hormuz, established a port there. The site which he selected was the little town of Gambrún. This had been occupied by the Portuguese, who took it from the ‘King of Lar’ in 1612, but two years later it was taken by the Shah. The name is said (in the Geog. Magazine, i. 17) to be Turkish, meaning ‘a Custom House.’ The word alluded to is probably gumruk, which has that meaning, and which is again, through Low Greek, from the Latin commercium. But this etymology of the name seems hardly probable. That indicated in the extract from A. Hamilton below is from Pers. kamrun, ‘a shrimp,’ or Port. camarão, meaning the same. » #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A. C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996 ~ p. 384 ※ SOURCE for Combrú « 1622.—“That evening, at two hours of the night, we started from below that fine tree, and after travelling about a league and a half…we arrived here in Combrú, a place of decent size and population on the sea-shore, which the Persians now-a-days, laying aside as it were the old name, call the ‘Port of Abbas,’ because it was wrested from the Portuguese, who formerly possessed it, in the time of the present King Abbas.”—P. della Valle, ii. 413; [in Hak. Soc. i. 3, he calls it Combu]. » #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A. C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996 ~ p. 384 ※ SOURCE for Comerão « No entanto o rei da Persia tinhase já apoderado em 1614 do forte de Comerão na terra firme, a tres leguas de Ormuz e das ilhas de Baharem e de Queixome, aquella muito rica por causa da pesca das perolas, e esta porque abastecia Ormuz de agua doce e de refrescos. [However, in 1614 the king of Persia had already taken over the fort of Comerão on the mainland, three leagues from Ormuz and the islands of Baharem and Queixome, the former very rich because of pearl fishing, and the latter because it supplied Ormuz with water. candy and refreshments] » #2280 Manoel Bernardes Branco, Portugal e os estrangeiros, Livraria De A. M. Pereira, Lisboa, 1879 ~ p. 315 ※ SOURCE for Gambrun « Of these possibly Najiram may stand for the island of Jarm on which the later town of Hurmuz stood. Karman is the Carmon of p. 76, n. 1, and p. 77, n. 1, i.e., Gambrun, which is not far from the site of Hurmuz in Mas'udi's time. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ p.79 notes ※ SOURCE for Gamron « bezitten wij min of meer uitgebreide aanteekeningen van de hand der vele Europeanen, die hunne lotgevallen hebben te boek gesteld). Sedert echter Gamron (Bender-Abbas) in de tweede helft der 18de eeuw zijn plaats als [We have more or less extensive notes by many Europeans who have recorded their adventures. However, since Gamron (Bender-Abbas) took its place in the second half of the 18th century] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. V « The path from here to Gamron extends eastward, and partly along the shore. » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 319 « Den 29. dito zyn wy na Bendar Abaafi vertrokken, en tot Gamron (zynde de zelve ſtad, na Abaaz Bandar Abaafi genaamd) gekomen. [On the 29th we left Bendar Abaafi and came to Gamron (the same city called Bandar Abaafi after Abaaz).] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 267 « 23 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 385 « 6 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 359 ※ SOURCE for Gamru « However, in 1622, when Hormuz changed hands, most buildings were destroyed and the Safavides decided to divert all traffic to Gamru, on the mainland opposite of Hormuz. The rise of Gamru, named Bandar 'Abbàs by their new masters, caused the final decline of Hormuz. » #2023 Ralph Kauz and Roderich Ptak, Hormuz in Yuan and Ming sources, Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient, ~ p. 29 ※ SOURCE for Gamrun « The great depot for the produce of India, China, and Persia, was then removed to Gombroon* and Ormuz, and has ever since remained in the hands of the Persian monarch. » fn. « * Gamrún, or Gamrú.-E » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 ※ SOURCE for Gombroon « The name Djarun was transferred to the small town and port of Suru or Shahru on the mainland 17 km to the north-west, where goods in transit to or from Hormuz were transhipped; this name became corrupted to Gamru and was further corrupted by Europeans into Gambrun, Gombrun and Gombroon. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 3 p. 585 « they returning to Gombroon, and we going on Three Pharsangs that Night to Band Ally (1) fn. 1 Band ’All, “the embankment of ’All,” about 9 miles S.W. of Bandar ’Abbas. “The first night (from Gombroon) we rode to Bandally, sixteene English miles (and most part along the Gulph)” » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 177 « Fourteene dayes are paſt ſince we entred Gombroon; the place has no fuch Magick to perfwade us to inhabit here. Our end is travell, why ftay we then? » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 124 «7th March. In the morning, about 9 in the morning, arrived at Gombroon with the Cheife, Mr. John Eaton Dodsworth, Mr. Dennis, Mr. Beavis and Batson who all came out a little way to meet me. note: Diary of 6 March 1707/8. Gombroon, the old name of Bandar 'Abbas. See Yule, Hobson-Jobson, s.v. Gombroon. For a description and illustration of the oity in 1705 see Le Bruyn, II, 73-75. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 44 and 49-50 ※ SOURCE for Gombrun « The name Djarun was transferred to the small town and port of Suru or Shahru on the mainland 17 km to the north-west, where goods in transit to or from Hormuz were transhipped; this name became corrupted to Gamru and was further corrupted by Europeans into Gambrun, Gombrun and Gombroon. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 3 p. 585 ※ SOURCE for Goumeron « Bandar Abbaffi is made of the destruction of Ormous, Portuguese call it Goumeron, There is Sultan with a small militia, who guards two small Castles: It is at twenty-eight degrees of latitude towards the Arctic Pole that, few people inhabit it in the East, because of the great. heat: The water there is bad and half salty, there is only one beach without a port, where ships arrive from all sides to negotiate. » #3465 Le Gouz de La Boullaye, Les voyages et obseruations du Sieur de La Boullaye-Le-Gouz, gentil-homme angeuin : ou` sont de´crites les religions, gouuernemens, et situations des estats et royaumes d'Italie, Grece, Natolie, Syrie, Perse, Palestine, Karamenie, Kalde´e, Assyrie, grand Mogol, Bijapour, Indes orientales des Portugais, Arabie, Egypte, Holande, grande Bretagne, Irlande, Dannemark, Pologne, isles et autres lieux d'Europe, Asie et Affrique, ou il a` seiourne´, le tout enrichy de belles figures ; et dedie´ a` l'Eminentissime Cardinal Capponi, Chez Geruais Clousier au Palais, sur les degrez de la Saincte Chapelle, Paris, 1653 ~ p. 115 ※ SOURCE for Hurmuz or Bandar « (35) Kishigan [? sic] to Hurmuzor Bandar (Gämbrun)-6 farsakhs. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 Bandar Khayran 10 (BK10) : arch. site OMN UTM: FB783019 converted to coordinate: lat 23.5175609551116 long 58.7463700093795 VARIANT names: Bandar Khayran 10 (BK10) , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Khayran 10 (BK10) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 286 Bandar Khayran 11 (BK11) : arch. site OMN UTM: FB753021 converted to coordinate: lat 23.519693475113 long 58.7170200809735 VARIANT names: Bandar Khayran 11 (BK11) , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Khayran 11 (BK11) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 286 Bandar Khayran 12 (BK12) : arch. site OMN UTM: FB752020 converted to coordinate: lat 23.5188013948706 long 58.7160292406799 VARIANT names: Bandar Khayran 12 (BK12) , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Khayran 12 (BK12) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Bandar Khayran 3 (BK3) : arch. site OMN UTM: FB762020 converted to coordinate: lat 23.5186931453213 long 58.7258204898381 VARIANT names: Bandar Khayran 3 (BK3) , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Khayran 3 (BK3) « Stone structures » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 286 Bandar Khayran 4 (BK4) : arch. site OMN UTM: FB771026 converted to coordinate: lat 23.5240124078081 long 58.7347035697172 VARIANT names: Bandar Khayran 4 (BK4) , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Khayran 4 (BK4) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 286 Bandar Khayran 5 (BK5) : arch. site OMN UTM: FB779019 converted to coordinate: lat 23.5176048436592 long 58.7424535929521 VARIANT names: Bandar Khayran 5 (BK5) , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Khayran 5 (BK5) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 286 Bandar Khayran 6 (BK6) : arch. site OMN UTM: FB779018 converted to coordinate: lat 23.5167019780665 long 58.7424417079448 VARIANT names: Bandar Khayran 6 (BK6) , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Khayran 6 (BK6) « Stone structure » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 286 Bandar Khayran 7 (BK7) : arch. site OMN UTM: FB772021 converted to coordinate: lat 23.5167785428948 long 58.7355880030909 VARIANT names: Bandar Khayran 7 (BK7) , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Khayran 7 (BK7) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 286 Bandar Khayran 8 (BK8) : arch. site OMN UTM: FB771020 converted to coordinate: lat 23.5194980638308 long 58.7346443967416 VARIANT names: Bandar Khayran 8 (BK8) , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Khayran 8 (BK8) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 286 Bandar MishaAb : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -3097367 coordinate: lat 28.1 long 48.6666667 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar al Mish`ab , Bandar Misha`ab , VARIANT names: Bandar MishaAb , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Bandar Misha`ab FOR Sar [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Bandar MishaAb « Bandar Mishaab is the anchorage where native craft shelter from the shamal, on the southern side of the spit extending eastward from Jazirat al Mukta, and in the northwestern part of a large bay which is mostly shoal; the entrance, with from 6 to 7 fathoms water, is between Mukta Spit and Kassar al Mitma (Kasar al Mitma'), 2 miles to the eastward. The best position is about 11 miles southeast- ward of the northeastern point of Jazirat al Mukta. A detached shoal patch lies 1½ miles southward of Mukta Spit. The northern entrance to the inshore boat channel from Ras at Tanajib is in this bay. » #2963 United States. Hydrographic Office, Persian Gulf Pilot Comprising the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Omán and the Makrán Coast, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1920 ~ pp. 148-9 Bandar Muqam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PRT UFI: -3055131 coordinate: lat 26.9652 long 53.4801 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar Muqam , Bandar-e Maqam , Bandar-e Margam , Bandar-e Moqam , Maqam , Moqam , Muqam , بندر مرگام , بندر مقام , مقام , VARIANT names: Bandar Muqam , Magam , Mogam , Moughan , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Muqam « At Bandar Muqam, a small port serving the western valleys of Laristan, there was again evidence of mediaeval maritime intercourse with India and the Far East in the shape of Chinese porcelain among the debris of low mounds adjacent to the Arab Shaikh’s fort. Fortunately this petty chief still retaining some local authority showed his good will by providing such transport as enabled us to follow the route to Shiu along the rocky coast. » #831 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological Reconnaissances in Southern Persia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1934 (Feb), 83:2:119-34 ~ p. 131 ※ SOURCE for Magam « Magam » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} ※ SOURCE for Mogam « Mogam a 300 habitants marins, commerçants et cultivateurs. Sel, poissons, céréales. [Mogam has 300 inhabitants, seafarers, traders and farmers. Salt, fish, cereals.] » #3329 R. Vadala, Le Golfe Persique, Librairie Arthur Rousseau, 1920 ~ p. 87 ※ SOURCE for Moughan « Moughân » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 Bandar Ruwayni : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -3191194 coordinate: lat 14.533333 long 49.2 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar Ruwaini , Bandar Ruwayni , VARIANT names: Bandar Ruwayni , Bander Ruweini , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Bandar Ruwayni FOR Burum [Visconde De Lagoa], ※ SOURCE for Bandar Ruwayni « Bandar Ruwayni (14°32'N., 49°10'E.), extending NE of Mukalla Promontory, provides anchorage, sheltered from the Southwest Monsoon, to vessels with local knowledge, in depths of 7 to 11m. The depths increase rapidly to seaward of this bay. 9.14 A large mosque stands in the village of Ar Rukayb, about 3.5 miles NE of the E side of Mukalla Promontory. Buwaysh, another village, stands in a valley surrounded by date groves, about 3 miles farther NE. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p.187 ※ SOURCE for Bander Ruweini « BANDER RUWEINI is a small bay close north-eastward of Ras Makalleh, having from 4 to 6 fathoms close in-shore, from whence it shelves into deep water. Native trading vessels find shelter here during the south-west monsoon.Rukub (Raghib) village, 2 miles eastward of the bay, has a large ancient mosque. » #2345 William James Lloyd Wharton, John Phillips, The Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Pilot: Containing Descriptions of the Suez Canal, the Gulfs of Suez, Printed for the Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, by Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1900 ~ ed. 3 1887 p. 106 « Coast. From the head of Bander Ruweini , the little bay on the eastern side of Ras Makalla, the coast trends eastward about 40 miles (74.1 km . ) in an almost unbroken line of low sand as far as the cliffs of Hami. » #2736 H. O. No. 157 - Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Pilot, Hydrographic Office, United States, 1922 ~ p.506 Bandar Singau : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANCH UFI: -3082309 coordinate: lat 26.65 long 55.3 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar Singau , Bandar-e Sangow , بندر سنگو , VARIANT names: Bandar Singau , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Singau age. Bandar Sirik : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANCH UFI: -3085886 coordinate: lat 26.499908 long 57.079391 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar Sirik , Bandar-e Sirik , بندر سیریک , VARIANT names: Bandar Sirik , Sereek , Serek , ※ SOURCE for Sereek #974 p. 251 ※ SOURCE for Serek #974 p. 231 Bandar-e Dargahan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059445 coordinate: lat 26.96316 long 56.06278 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Dargahan , Bandar-e Dargahan , Dargahan , Dargawan , بندر درگهان , درگهان , VARIANT names: Bandar-e Dargahan , Darbaga , Dargahon , Durguam , ※ SOURCE for Darbaga « The Iſle of Queixome, or Queixume, or Quezeme, otherwife called Kechmiche, and by the Inhabitants Brokt, lies clofe to the Continent of Perfia, being feparated from it only by a fmall branch of the Sea: It has about two Leagues in Circuit, and is three Leagues diftant from Ormus. Its two chief Places are Arbez and Homeal, where the King of Ormus at the time when Albuquerque firit appeared hereabouts, had ftrong Garrifons. The other Places of Note are, Lapht, the beſt Harbours of this Ifland, Darbaga not far from the Lapht, Chau, and Sirmion or Sermion. It bears plenty of Corn, but efpecially Barly, without which, the Inhabitants of Ormus, who are fupplied from hence with it for their Horfes, could Scarce fubfift there. Here is alfo a moft Excellent Spring of Freſh Water; to fecure which, the Perfians had Erected a Fort hard by, for fear of the Portugueſes, who were then as yet Mafters of Ormus. » #1933 Nieuhof, Johannes, Voyages and travels, into Brasil, and the East-Indies: containing, an exact description of the Dutch Brasil, and divers parts of the East-Indies; … ~ p. 244 ※ SOURCE for Dargahon « It has several ports within and without, but mostly very shallow. The best within are Dargahon, Lapht, Chau, and Sermion.(4) The point of Queixome on the outside (6) has plenty of palm orchards, gardens, and wells of good water; whence Harmuz is cemmonly provided, though not thence alone. There also are Karuez and Angan,(6) which last, a little distinct island used as a port, forms in its sound a very safe haven, fit to hold many and very great ships. This isle (Queixome) is very fertile fn. 4 The three first are on our charts yet. Sermion must have been where our own queer little possession of Basidu or Bassadore now exists. fn. 5 Extant and prosperous, on the E. point of the isle. fn. 6 Karvez is not now identifiable; Angan is Henjam Island. » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ p.19 ※ SOURCE for Durguam « Durguam » in {map#1036 Tracing showing the route and coast line from Mogoo Bay to the town of Bunder Abbas, Lewis Pelly, 1684, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F126/37, ff 18-27, in Qatar Digital Library} Bandar-e Kangan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069533 coordinate: lat 27.834 long 52.0628 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Kangan , Kangan , Kangun , بندرِ كنگان , كنگان , VARIANT names: Bandar-e Kangan , Bender-Kengoun , Congon , Congoon , Gaugana , Gôgan , Gogana , Kangan , Kangun , Kongûn , Konkun , ※ SOURCE for Bandar-e Kangan « The route as far as the village of Kangān led along the foot of the steep maritime range, which is there broken by a wide valley descending from the north-west. The river draining it carries a good deal of water and, being tidal at its mouth, might in case of rain, which a cloudy sky had promised for some days past, have held us up. So I did not stop at Kangān to look for any remains of the small Portuguese factory which is stated to have existed there for some time, but thought it safer to push on past the well-cultivated fields of Banak to the river. Though some 150 yards wide at the ford, the water was deep, reaching up to the camels' bellies. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937,~ p. 232 ※ SOURCE for Bender-Kengoun « Bender-Kengoûn fn. 5 C'est la résidence d'un cheykli nommé Muhammed - Katun-Ali-Nessour, dont le fils est en ôtage auprès du prince, gouverneur du Farsistan. On y fait un peu de cabotage. Les habitans sont pauvres. [fn. 5 It is the residence of a sheikh named Muhammed - Katun-Ali-Nessour, whose son is a hostage to the prince, governor of Farsistan. A little coastal shipping is done there. The inhabitants are poor.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 « Bender-Kengoûn » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 492 ※ SOURCE for Congon « Congon » in {map#990 Golfe Persique. Dresse en 1758 et publie en 76, Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon, 1776, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 2603.025} see AHduGP map 75 ※ SOURCE for Congoon « KONKUN, OR CONGOON, in lat. 27° 48' N. lon. 52° 6' E., is the northernmost town in the bay of this name, off which there is good anchorage, in from 5 to 7 or 8 fa- thoms soft bottom, and shelter from N. Westers. About 5 leagues west of Konkun, on the high land, there is a remarkable table hill, called BARN HILL, which answers as a guide in rounding Berdistan Shoal. About 6 leagues to the westward of Konkun, there is a projecting part of the coast that forms the western point of Konkun Bay, and is in lat. 27° 48' N.; this is by some called Cape Berdistan, as the easternmost range of breakers extends from this point to the S. S. East- ward; but the head-land, which may be considered the true Cape, bears about W. N. W. 8 leagues distant from the west point of Konkun Bay. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ vol 1 2 ed. P. 263 « … the information called for by Government on the 17th February 1854, regarding the principal estates within my political control. No mention is therein made of the ports on the Persian Coast between Bushire and Bunder Abbas given below. … Ports. | Tribes. | Names of Chiefs. Congoon (with dependencies). | Nussoor | Shaikh Hussan bin Shaikh Jabnah. » #2994 ed. Robert Hughes Thomas, Historical and Other Information Connected with Place in the Persian Gulf, government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, 1856 ~ p. 286 ※ SOURCE for Gaugana « endlich, 18 Miles von Tahiriyah, an einer Bai mit vortrefflichem Ankergrund, die Veste Bandar Kongûn 27° 49' 38" N. 52° 3' 39" Q., mit gutem Wasser, viel Anbau und Dattelpalmen: das ist Γώγανα Nearchs, *Gaugana, Gôgân, Kongûn. [Finally, 18 miles from Tahiriyah, on a bay with excellent anchorage, the fortress Bandar Kongûn 27° 49' 38" N. 52° 3' 39" Q., with good water, much cultivation and date palms: this is Gogana Nearchs, * Gaugana, Gôgân, Kongûn.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 58 ※ SOURCE for Gôgan see source « Gaugana » ※ SOURCE for Gogana « Gogana » in map Grecian Empire#836 Warrington, John (ed.), Everyman's Atlas of Ancient and Classical Geography, J M Dent and Sons Ltd, 1952, ~ p. 13 « Gogana » in {map#1029 Kaart van de Perzische Golf, ed. A. Hotz, 1907 (1645), #2863 Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ ( Kaart No. IV) after p. 545} « Upon departing from Nabon, the fleet proceeded upwards of thirty-seven miles to Gôgana, a distance which answers within a mile to the position of the modern Konkûn or Congoon, re-marked by M'Cluer for a high ground over it called Barn-hill from its appearance, and as being the northernmost town in the bay", which curves to Verdistan. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p384 « Gogana » in {map#1029 Kaart van de Perzische Golf, ed. A. Hotz, 1907 (1645), #2863 Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ ( Kaart No. IV) after p. 545} ※ SOURCE for Kangan « Dupré avait cependant noté les étapes, d'une part pour le parcours de Bender 'Abbas à Bassorah, d'autre part pour celui de Firouzabad à Kangan qui était probablement, encore de son temps, l'une des voies de communication principales. Ce dernier itinéraire est d'une très grande valeur, car, à ma connaissance, on ne trouve nulle part ailleurs des renseignements en langue européenne sur cette partie du Fars. Une carte par le géographe Ch. Lapie facilite la compréhension des étapes mentionnées. [Dupré had however noted the stages, on the one hand for the route from Bender 'Abbas to Basra, on the other hand for that from Firouzabad to Kangan which was probably, still in his time, one of the main communication routes. This last route is of very great value, because, to my knowledge, one does not find information in European language on this part of Fars anywhere else. A map by the geographer Ch. Lapie facilitates the understanding of the stages mentioned.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 184 « Encore un petit fleuve d'eau douce, à courant rapide, puis des plantations de dattiers où s'entrevoient plusieurs maisonnettes blanches de plaisance, occupées, tout comme celles de Dayyir, par les habitants riches de Kangan, pendant la saison chaude, et nous sommes arrivés au port. [Another small river of fresh water, with a fast current, then date plantations where one can glimpse several white pleasure houses, occupied, just like those of Dayyir, by the rich inhabitants of Kangan, during the hot season, and we arrived at the port.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 73 ※ SOURCE for Kangun « Kangun » in {map#1029 Kaart van de Perzische Golf, ed. A. Hotz, 1907 (1645), #2863 Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ ( Kaart No. IV) after p. 545} « Some boats were also taken and destroyed at the ports of Lingeh, Mughu, Asalu and Kangun for which compensation had later to be paid, as Bruce could produce no definite proof of piracy by the people of these places. (64) fn. 64. Lorimer, op. cit., p. 669. » #6 Hawley, Donald, The Trucial States, Allen and Unwin, London, 1970 ~ p. 114 ※ SOURCE for Kongûn « endlich, 18 Miles von Tahiriyah, an einer Bai mit vortrefflichem Ankergrund, die Veste Bandar Kongûn 27° 49' 38" N. 52° 3' 39" Q., mit gutem Wasser, viel Anbau und Dattelpalmen: das ist Γώγανα Nearchs, *Gaugana, Gôgân, Kongûn. [Finally, 18 miles from Tahiriyah, on a bay with excellent anchorage, the fortress Bandar Kongûn 27° 49' 38" N. 52° 3' 39" Q., with good water, much cultivation and date palms: this is Gogana Nearchs, * Gaugana, Gôgân, Kongûn.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 58 ※ SOURCE for Konkun « KONKUN, OR CONGOON, in lat. 27° 48' N. lon. 52° 6' E., is the northernmost town in the bay of this name, off which there is good anchorage, in from 5 to 7 or 8 fa- thoms soft bottom, and shelter from N. Westers. About 5 leagues west of Konkun, on the high land, there is a remarkable table hill, called BARN HILL, which answers as a guide in rounding Berdistan Shoal. About 6 leagues to the westward of Konkun, there is a projecting part of the coast that forms the western point of Konkun Bay, and is in lat. 27° 48' N.; this is by some called Cape Berdistan, as the easternmost range of breakers extends from this point to the S. S. East- ward; but the head-land, which may be considered the true Cape, bears about W. N. W. 8 leagues distant from the west point of Konkun Bay. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ vol 1 2 ed. P. 263 « Upon departing from Nabon, the fleet proceeded upwards of thirty-seven miles to Gôgana, a distance which answers within a mile to the position of the modern Konkûn or Congoon, remarked by M'Cluer for a high ground over it called Barn-hill from its appearance, and as being the northernmost town in the bay", which curves to Verdistan. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p384 Bandar-e Laft : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072726 coordinate: lat 26.896 long 55.7584 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Laft , Laft , Laft-e Now , Yaft , بندر لافت , لافت , لافت نو , يافت , VARIANT names: Bandar-e Laft , Lafat , Lafate , Laft , Lafte , land, called Left. , Lapht , Laphta , Leftatic , Luft , ※ SOURCE for Lafat LAFAT, ilha-Nome dado no século XVIII, segundo o Dr. Mansell L. Dames, à ilha Kishm ou Jezirat at Tawila, em 26° 47' lat. N. e 55° 57' long. E., à entrada do golfo Pérsico. [LAFAT, island-name given in the 18th century, according to Dr. Mansell L. Dames, to Kishm Island or Jezirat at Tawila, at 26° 47' lat. N. and 55° 57' long. E., at the entrance to the Persian Gulf.] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 176 ※ SOURCE for Lafate LAFATE, lugar de-Laft, em 26° 53' lat. N. e 55° 46' long. E., na costa oci- dental da ilha Kishm ou Jezirat at Tawila, à entrada do golfo Pérsico. [LAFATE, place de-Laft, at 26° 53' lat. N. and 55° 46' long. E., on the west coast of the island of Kishm or Jezirat at Tawila, at the entrance to the Persian Gulf.] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 176 ※ SOURCE for Laft « Laft, when in the possession of the Juwásimi* pirates, was a place of considerable strength, to which they resorted, and the tortuous nature of the channel and numerous shoals (then un- known) in Clarence's Straits rendered it very difficult to follow them. During the expedition under Colonel Smith and Captain Wainwright in 1809, these Arabs beat back, with considerable loss, a storming party, but surrendered when the vessels came close in, and had battered their walls. The town is at present in a miserable state, built on the slope of a hill on the northern side of the island and surrounded by a wall. fn. * Jawáthimí, or Jawásimí, i. e., belonging to the Jawásim or Jasúms, the aboriginal natives of the country. » #1128 Whitelock, Lieut. H. H., Descriptive Sketch of the Islands and Coast at the entrance of the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1838 ~ p. 178 ※ SOURCE for Lafte LAFTE, porto de - V. Lafale, lugar de. [LAFTE, port of - V. Lafale, place of.] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 177 ※ SOURCE for land, called Left. « The twentieth, wee departed from Bender, and the same evening came at an Iland, called Left. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 458 ※ SOURCE for Lapht « The Iſle of Queixome, or Queixume, or Quezeme, otherwife called Kechmiche, and by the Inhabitants Brokt, lies clofe to the Continent of Perfia, being feparated from it only by a fmall branch of the Sea: It has about two Leagues in Circuit, and is three Leagues diftant from Ormus. Its two chief Places are Arbez and Homeal, where the King of Ormus at the time when Albuquerque firit appeared hereabouts, had ftrong Garrifons. The other Places of Note are, Lapht, the beſt Harbours of this Ifland, Darbaga not far from the Lapht, Chau, and Sirmion or Sermion. It bears plenty of Corn, but efpecially Barly, without which, the Inhabitants of Ormus, who are fupplied from hence with it for their Horfes, could Scarce fubfift there. Here is alfo a moft Excellent Spring of Freſh Water; to fecure which, the Perfians had Erected a Fort hard by, for fear of the Portugueſes, who were then as yet Mafters of Ormus. » #1933 Nieuhof, Johannes, Voyages and travels, into Brasil, and the East-Indies: containing, an exact description of the Dutch Brasil, and divers parts of the East-Indies; … ~ p. 244 « It has several ports within and without, but mostly very shallow. The best within are Dargahon, Lapht, Chau, and Sermion.(4) The point of Queixome on the outside (6) has plenty of palm orchards, gardens, and wells of good water; whence Harmuz is cemmonly provided, though not thence alone. There also are Karuez and Angan,(6) which last, a little distinct island used as a port, forms in its sound a very safe haven, fit to hold many and very great ships. This isle (Queixome) is very fertile fn. 4 The three first are on our charts yet. Sermion must have been where our own queer little possession of Basidu or Bassadore now exists. fn. 5 Extant and prosperous, on the E. point of the isle. fn. 6 Karvez is not now identifiable; Angan is Henjam Island. » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ p.19 « LAPHT, lugar de - V. Lafate, lugar de. [LAPHT, place of - V. Lafate, place of.] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 183 ※ SOURCE for Laphta LAPHTA, lugar de-v. Lafate, lugar de. [Diogo do Couto-Da Asia]. [LAPHTA, place of-v. Lafate, place of. [Diogo do Couto-Da Asia].] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 183 ※ SOURCE for Leftatic « we cast anchor in the water and stopped our boat near a farmhouse called Leftatic, (483) habitation of our sailors, who presented very good melons and watermelons and we found there a large quantity of hens and kids and at good prices. market, so that there we were very well treated. Then the sailors came to the vessel, first they supplied the vessel with water and then at 11 pm we left with a sirocco breeze and went by master to get out of the canal, (484) from which, having come out, we passed between two very narrow mountains and dangerous because of the shoals made by the stones that fell from them; and therefore our sailors always sailed with soundings in hand and other very long poles. fn. 483. Possibly the point of Laft Kadim in Clarence Strait, near which they are found fishing villages. On the map by Diego Ribero of 1529 (reproduced in BARBOSA, op. cit., vol. I) the locality of Lefete is marked at about this height. » #1572 Pinto, Olga, Viaggi d i C. Federici e G. Balbi alle Indie Orientali, Istituto Poligrafico Dello Stato, Rome, 1962 ~ p. 117 ※ SOURCE for Luft Luft and fort symbol in {map#1040 Trigonometrical Survey of Clarence’s Strait, Gulf of Persia, Commr. G.B. Brucks and Lieutt. S.B. Haines. H.C. Marine, 1828, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3630/28/2, in Qatar Digital Library} Sheet 1 « "I then despatched the cruisers Ternate and Nautilus to the eastward of Kishma, to prevent the escape of the Luft pirates, while I entered the channel between that island and the main at the western end; but having got the ship I command aground in endeavouring to work through it, as I had no pilot acquainted with the navigation, and as I found the channel was too intricate to pass without buoying the shoals, which would have taken up too much time, I determined to proceed to Luft by the eastern channel, leaving the cruiser Vestal to guard the western end of Kishma. His Majesty's ship Caroline had been previously detached to Burka road with the heavy transports. "On the 24th, the Ternate and Nautilus joined; and having procured pilots at Kishern, I proceeded up the channel in H. M. ship under my command, with the ships and vessels named in the margin, and arrived off the town of Luft on the 26th at noon. Twenty-four hours having been expended in fruitless negociation with the chief Moola Hussum, the Ter nate, Nautilus, and Fury were anchored off the town, and the troops, pre- ceded by the gun-boats, approached to the attack, which commenced at two o'clock in the afternoon of the 27th. "The enemy made no resistance until the troops came close to the very strong fort, and attempted to force the gate; he then commenced a fire, I am sorry to say, most destructive, as your Excellency will see by the accompanying return, added to that of Lieutenant-Colonel Smith to the government. The piratical vessels, eleven in number, 3 of them very large down, were in the mean time burnt by the seamen; and the gun- boats and the cruiser Fury, which being of light draught of water, had been towed within musket-shot of the fort, kept up a ruinous fire, which very much shattered it by sun-set: the Sheik then consented to yield up the place on the following day to the English, on the part of the Imaun of Muscat, together with all the property in it belonging to his Highness's subjects; this was accordingly carried into effect, the Sheik departing after Lieutenant-Colonel Smith and myself had guaranteed his personal safety. "The fort having been delivered in trust for the Imaun to Sheik Dewish, the head of the Benismain, a tribe of Arabs who have always been firmly attached to his Highness, I sailed next morning in la Chiffonne, leaving the Mornington to bring on the cruisers and the transport to Burka, off which place I anchored this day +. "The loss of the enemy has been very great; he acknowledged to upwards of 50, independent of those who were killed in the towers adjacent to the fort, and driven over precipices to the eastward thereof." » #2905 John Marshall, Royal naval biography; or, Memoirs of the services of all the flag-officers, superannuated rear …, Longmam, Rees, Orme Brown and Green, London, 1829 ~ pp.89-90 Bandar-e Mahshahr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055128 coordinate: lat 30.556546 long 49.188519 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar Ma`sbur , Bandar Ma`shur , Bandar Mah Shahr Terminal , Bandar Mah Sharh , Bandar Mah-Shahr , Bandar Mashur , Bandar-e Ma`shur , Bandar-e Mahshahr , Bandar-mashoor , Bandar-Mashour , Bar Andaz , Mah Shahr , Mahshahr , Markaz-e Bargiri-ye Bandar-e Mah Shahr , Mashur , بندر ماهشهر , VARIANT names: Bandar-e Mahshahr , Bandar-e Moghuyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055132 coordinate: lat 26.605228 long 54.509139 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Moghuyeh , Moghuyeh , بندر مغویه , مغویه , VARIANT names: Bandar Mukhu , Bandar Muqam (Mughu) , Bandar-e Moghuyeh , Casal, called Gesser , Magoo , Mogbo , Moghou , Moghu , Moghunah , Mogo , Mogoo , Mogou , Mughu , Sidodone , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Mukhu « Bandar Mukhu » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} ※ SOURCE for Bandar Muqam (Mughu) « From Bandar Müqam (Mugh?) To Bastak. 663 miles. 4 stages. Authority. Vaughan, 1890. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 50 ※ SOURCE for Casal, called Gesser « The eighteenth day, we came to a Casal, called Gesser, and the same day from thence. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 458 ※ SOURCE for Magoo « Magoo » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} ※ SOURCE for Mogbo « and [arabic] Mogbo, belong to an independent Schech. » #2874 Carsten Niebuhr, Description de l'Arabie faite sur des observations propres et des avis recueillis dans les lieux mêmes, S. J. Baalde, Amsterdam, 1774 ~ p. 272 ※ SOURCE for Moghou « Moghou a 350 habitants marins, pêcheurs de perles, de poissons, cultivateurs. Poisson sec, céréales, bois de chauffage. [Moghou has 350 seafaring inhabitants, pearl fishermen, fishermen, farmers. Dried fish, cereals, firewood.] » #3329 R. Vadala, Le Golfe Persique, Librairie Arthur Rousseau, 1920 ~ p. 87 ※ SOURCE for Moghu « Moghu or Moghunah, is situated in the bay between Ras Bostonah and Ras Yarid on the Persian shore. Until the acquisition of Bassadore on the north-west extremity of the island of Kishm, Moghu was the station for the Indian Navy squadron. » #782 Low, Charles Rathbone, History of the Indian Navy (1613-1863), Richard Bentley and Son, 1877 ~ vol1 p. 333 ※ SOURCE for Moghunah « Moghu or Moghunah, is situated in the bay between Ras Bostonah and Ras Yarid on the Persian shore. Until the acquisition of Bassadore on the north-west extremity of the island of Kishm, Moghu was the station for the Indian Navy squadron. » #782 Low, Charles Rathbone, History of the Indian Navy (1613-1863), Richard Bentley and Son, 1877 ~ vol1 p. 333 ※ SOURCE for Mogo « Mogo » in {map#1035 Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A) Tab: XIX p. 340} ※ SOURCE for Mogoo « … the information called for by Government on the 17th February 1854, regarding the principal estates within my political control. No mention is therein made of the ports on the Persian Coast between Bushire and Bunder Abbas given below. … Ports. | Tribes. | Names of Chiefs. Mogoo | Marazeek | Sultan bin Hoossein. » #2994 ed. Robert Hughes Thomas, Historical and Other Information Connected with Place in the Persian Gulf, government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, 1856 ~ p. 286 ※ SOURCE for Mogou « Mogou » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Mughu « Mughu: see Bandar-e Moghūyeh[DESIG.] PPL [LAT.] 26°35'N [LONG.] 54°31'E [AREA] IR11 [UTM] BQ54 [JOG NO.] NG40-05 » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vol. K-Z p. 1171 « MUGHU BAY (B. A. Chart 2837-A). -The shore of Mughu Bay from Ras Bistana trends north-northwestward 7 miles, and then turns westward 7 miles to Ras Yarid; it is low and sandy, with a rocky beach near Ras Bistana, and the land rises gradually to the bases of Jabal Bistana and Jabal Yarid, between which and about 2.5 miles inland is precipitous broken ground. The shores appear to be fringed with shoal water, extending off from about 1,000 yards to 1 mile. » #2932 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf, Including the Gulf of Oman and the Mekrán Coast, Hydrographic Office, United States, 1931, ~ p. 248 « Mughu » in {map#1013 in #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~ fig. Section No. IV} « Passing the villages of Bostaneh and Mughu, which latter used to be one of the stations of the East Indian Squadron, » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 24 « Mughu » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} ※ SOURCE for Sidodone « In "Nearchus' Voyage" (Gronov. edition) Moghu is called Sidodone. » #782 Low, Charles Rathbone, History of the Indian Navy (1613-1863), Richard Bentley and Son, 1877 ~ vol1 p. 333 Bandar-e Nakhilu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055133 coordinate: lat 26.891 long 53.4874 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Nakhilu , Nahkilu , Nahkilu , Nakhilu , بندرِ نخيلو , نخيلو , VARIANT names: Bandar-e Nakhilu , Bender-Nakhilou , Nachelo , Nakelo , Nakheeloo , Nakhilū , Necchel , Nikilú , ※ SOURCE for Bandar-e Nakhilu « In 1585 the Portuguese suffered a serious reverse at Naklilu, upon the Persian Coast, in attempting to punish the place for obstructing the despatch of supplies to Hormuz. Taken unawares after landing they were driven to their ships with a loss, native auxiliaries probably included, of 250 men. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ bvol. 1 pt. 1 p. 8 ※ SOURCE for Bender-Nakhilou « Bender-Nakhilou fn. 2 Résidence d'un chevki, nommé Reham-Ali-Nessour. [fn. 2 Residence of a sheikh, named Reham-Ali-Nessour.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Nachelo « Laftly, the Schiechs of Nachelo, Nabend, Aaloe, Tahhrie, Schilu, and Konkoun. The inhabitants of Nachelo are eſteemed to be very ſkilful divers. In the city of Kon- koun, the inhabitants of which are of a more pacific character than the other branches of the tribe of Houle, both Jews and Banians refide. » #1845 Pinkerton, John, A general Collection of the best and most interesting Voyages and Travels in all parts of the world, Longmans, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown, London, 1811 ~ p. 127 « Niebuhr places Nachelo, the residence of a Sheik, in the river Darabin; and if I had found any resemblance in this name (199) to Okhus, I should have looked to this place for a station; but in the position taken there can be no error of consequence to the journal, except that an addition to the distance Arrian gives between the Darabin and Cape Nabon would be convenient, as his account is at present somewhat in excess. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p. 380 « Enfin les fchechs de Nachelo, de Nabend d'Aaloe, de Tabrie, de Schilu et de Koukoun. Les habitans de Nachelo paffent pour les meilleurs plongeurs. Dans la ville de Kontorn, dont les habitans font les plus pacifiques des Houles, on trouve des Juifs et des Banians. » #291 Niebuhr, Carsten, Description de l’Arabie d’apre`s les observations et recherches faites dans le pays me^me., S. J. Baalde, Amsterdam, 1774 ~ vol. 2 p. 155 « Nachelo » in {map#1035 Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A)} see AHduGP map 102 ※ SOURCE for Nakelo « NAKELO, a town on the coast opposite to the Island Schittuar, has a fort and a detached tower for its protection, with regular soundings near the shore; but the anchorage is exposed to N. W. winds, and the town is within a point of land, that forms the south side of an inlet or river. Cheroo, is a village about 4 miles S. E. of Nakelo, and subject to the Sheik of that place. Between them the shore is steep, therefore a ship should not borrow under 15 fathoms, this depth being within of a mile of the shore. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ p. 262 ※ SOURCE for Nakheeloo « … the information called for by Government on the 17th February 1854, regarding the principal estates within my political control. No mention is therein made of the ports on the Persian Coast between Bushire and Bunder Abbas given below. … Ports. | Tribes. | Names of Chiefs. Nakheeloo (with) dependency). | ….. | Ruled at present by a lady chief. » #2994 ed. Robert Hughes Thomas, Historical and Other Information Connected with Place in the Persian Gulf, government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, 1856 ~ p. 286 ※ SOURCE for Nakhilū « That is because it [Larak] is portless, and thus no large towns can be settled there; its residents would be exposed to great danger from the many Nautaque (71) or Nakhilū (72) corsairs from the coast of Persia and island of Qeshm, as well as from the rest of this Arabian Coast and sea, who regularly ply these waters in their terranquins, wreaking havoc on everything they come across. fn. 71 Nautaque was the name given by the Portuguese to the Baloch inhabitants of the Makran Coast, Pakistan, between Jask and Gwadur; see Floor, Persian Gulf, 43–46. fn. 72 The Nakhilū were Huwala, Sunni Arabs who relocated from Arabia to Persia; see Floor, Persian Gulf, 43–46. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 271 « A few days after the bishop of Cyrene arrived in Hormuz from Persia, the captain was notified that several merchants from Nakhilū,(383) Basra, and Qatif were on their way to Hormuz with four or five terranquins full of merchandise and supplies, something they had done many times before. fn. 383 Bandar-e Nakhilū; see p. 271 n. 11. 2651p494 » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 494 « But this sense of relief proved short lived, for six or seven days later the Persian fleet returned to their previous position, having burned and razed a small village a league from Julpha to the ground, killing fifty or sixty Arabs from Nakhilū (149) without attempting anything against Julpha itself. fn. 149 Present-day Bandar-e Nakhilū. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 744 ※ SOURCE for Necchel « When sailing from Bandar Abbas towards Basra, while hugging to the coastline, the next port you reached was Nakhilu. This is not just a geographical observation made for completeness sake, for merchants actually called on the port to do business. Newberie landed at Necchel [Nakhilu] during his voyage in the Persian Gulf in 1584. » #1812 ed. Dejanirah Couto and Rui M. Loureiro, Revisiting Hormuz: Portuguese Interactions in the Persian Gulf Region in the Early Modern Period, Harrassowitz, 2008, ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Nikilú « Não ha muitos annos ~ue no estreito de Ormuz, em a costa da Arabia, houve dIssensões grandes entre duas linhagens de arabios, pescadores de aljofar, que em sua linguagem se chamam cabildas, nomeados uns Alimoeiros e outros Niquelús (1). fn. 1 Os Alimoeiros conjecturo que serão os da aldeia Limah na costa arabica de Kalhat, ao sul do cabo Mesandan. A costa opposta do Laristan é habitada por diversas tribus de arabes, inüependentes, e sob seus respectivos cheiks. São quasi todos piratas, e vivem em pequenas aldeias na ourela do Golpho Persico. Uma destas é Nikilú, defronte da pequena ilha de Chituar e a poucas leguas de Lara. » [Not many years ago, in the Strait of Hormuz, on the coast of Arabia, there were big differences between two lineages of Arabs, fishermen of aljofar, which in their language are called cabildas, named as Alimoeiros and other Niquelús (1) fn. 1 The Alimoeiros I conjecture to be those of the Limah village on the Arabian coast of Kalhat, south of Cape Mesandan. The opposite coast of Laristan is inhabited by several tribes of Arabs, independent and under their respective sheiks. They are almost all pirates, and they live in small villages on the edge of the Persian Gulf. One of these is Nikilú, opposite the small island of Chituar and a few leagues from Lara.] #712 Francisco Rodrigues Silveira, ed. A. de Sousa Silva Costa Lobo, Memorias de um Soldado da India, Imprensa Nacional-Casa Da Moeda, Lisbon, 1877 ~ p. 45 Bandar-e Rig : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055134 coordinate: lat 29.487903 long 50.626984 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar Rig , Bandar-e Rig , Rig , بندر ريگ , VARIANT names: Bandar-e Rig , Bender Regh , Bender Rig , Bender-Rick , Bunder Reig , Bunderick , Rade d Banderic , ※ SOURCE for Bandar-e Rig « The two islands of Kharg and Khargu belonged to the Ruler of Bandar Rig. Kharg was inhabited by a tribe of sailors who acted as pilots to European ships on the channel to Basra. European travellers visited Kharg since the sixteenth century, but their remarks about the place usually are very summary.(44) fn. 44 Teixeira, Travels, pp. 24-25; De la Boullaye de Gouz, Voyages, p. 286; Hotz, 'Roobacker', pp. 362-363; Foster, Englishfactories (1642-1645), pp. 186,273. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 15 « Just as they could not tolerate French expansion in India, the British regarded the activities of the Dutch in the Persian Gulf a danger to British interests that must be halt forthwith. For all these reasons, therefore, the Company came to favor the establishment of a new settlement in the northern part of the Persian Gulf at Bandar Riq. » #2977 Abdul Amir Amin, British Interests in the Persian Gulf 1747-1778 - thesis, University of Maryland, 1962 ~ p. 58 ※ SOURCE for Bender Regh « Bender Regh » in Map of Susiana or Khoozistan in #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 after p. 480 ※ SOURCE for Bender Rig « BENDER (d. h. Handelshafen) RIG, Rigk, Rech, Reig, Reeg, ist von Macd. Kinneir besucht worden. Die Stadt (Rhogonis des Nearch), welche dicht an der See steht und von einer elenden Lehmmauer umgeben ist, war einst der Sitz eincs gefürchteten Freibeüters, ist aber jetzt verfallen. Die Entfernung von Buschir beträgt 32 Meilen (15), die, mit Rücksicht auf die Krüm- mungen des Landweges längs der Buschir - Bucht, Bender Rigk in Lat. 29° 16' N. setzt. Damit stimmt die Beobachtung älterer englischer Seefahrer vollkommen überein (16). fn. 15 Kinneir Mem. 455. fn. 16 Nieb . Descr . 290. [BENDER (i.e. trading port) RIG, Rigk, Rech, Reig, Reeg, is from Macd. Kinneir was visited. The city (Rhogonis of Nearchus), which stands close to the sea and is surrounded by a miserable mud wall, was once the seat of a feared privateer, but is now in ruins. The distance from Bushir is 32 miles (15), which, taking into account the curvatures of the land route along Bushir Bay, is Bender Rigk in Lat. 29° 16' N. The observations of older English seafarers agree completely with this (16). fn. 15 Kinneir Mem. 455. fn. 16 Nieb . Descr. 290 ] » #2992 Berghaus, Heinrich, Geo-Hydrographisches Memoir Zur Erklärung Und Erläuterung Der Reduzirten Karte Vom Persischen Golf Berghaus' Atlas von Asia, Gotha, ~ p. 38 ※ SOURCE for Bender-Rick « Bender-Rick » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Bunder Reig « Bunder Reig, once the stronghold of' the celebrated pirate Neer Mahura, who was the terror of the Gulf, and who even ventured to rebist the power of Kerim Khan. When the place was taken he retired to Karak, from whence he was driven by the English fleet ;(1) the fortifications of Bunder Reig were razed, since which time it has entirely fallen from its ancieiit importance, though it has continued to be the residence of the principal Arab Sheikh on the coast, after the Governor of Bushire. fn. 1 He is said to have fired red-hot shot at our vessels tweuty years before they were used at Gibraltar. He was ultimately executed at Grain by the Turkish authorities. » #1334 Monteith, William, Notes on the Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, etc., Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857, 27:108-19 ~ p. 108 ※ SOURCE for Bunderick « Bunderick » in {map#1117 Chart of the Head of the Gulph of Persia, John McCluer (Dalrymple edition), 1786, British Library: 435.k.17, folio 367} ※ SOURCE for Rade d Banderic « Rade d Banderic » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 Bandar-e Sangow : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANCH UFI: -3082309 coordinate: lat 26.65 long 55.3 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar Singau , Bandar-e Sangow , بندر سنگو , VARIANT names: Bandar Singau , Bandar-e Sangow , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Singau « BASIDU. Anglice Bassadore, a British station situated on the westernmost point, similarly named, of Qishm Island and about 25 miles east by north of Lingeh Town. It includes a native village called Bandar Singau about 1 mile to eastward of the remains of the principal settlement described- below. The village of Nakhlistan, mentioned in the article on Qishm Island, lies just outside the station and to the east of it. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 267 Bandar-e Suza : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086528 coordinate: lat 26.7807 long 56.063 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Suza , Shuzeh , Sooza , Sureh , Suza , Suzeh , بندر سوزا , سوزا , VARIANT names: Bandar-e Suza , Juza , Shūza , Suza , Sûza , Xuza , ※ SOURCE for Juza « Der zweite Ankerplatz Nearchs an der Südküste der Insel fullt auf den Ort Sûzâ, portugies. Xuza, Juza; 6 Miles weiter liegt der Ankerplatz Mesen, Maçim bei Barbosa [Nearch's second anchorage on the south coast of the island is in Sûzâ, portuguese. Xuza, Juza; 6 miles further is the anchorage Mesen, Maçim near Barbosa] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 49 ※ SOURCE for Shūza « Shūza » in {map#1029 Kaart van de Perzische Golf, ed. A. Hotz, 1907 (1645), #2863 Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ ( Kaart No. IV) after p. 545}Shūza ※ SOURCE for Suza « Suza (26°47'N., 56°04'E.) and Masen (26°44'N., 56°00'E.) are two small villages on this coast. A remarkable isolated crag, which shows up well from the E, rises W of Masen. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 279 ※ SOURCE for Sûza « Der zweite Ankerplatz Nearchs an der Südküste der Insel fullt auf den Ort Sûzâ, portugies. Xuza, Juza; 6 Miles weiter liegt der Ankerplatz Mesen, Maçim bei Barbosa [Nearch's second anchorage on the south coast of the island is in Sûzâ, portuguese. Xuza, Juza; 6 miles further is the anchorage Mesen, Maçim near Barbosa] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 49 ※ SOURCE for Xuza « Der zweite Ankerplatz Nearchs an der Südküste der Insel fullt auf den Ort Sûzâ, portugies. Xuza, Juza; 6 Miles weiter liegt der Ankerplatz Mesen, Maçim bei Barbosa [Nearch's second anchorage on the south coast of the island is in Sûzâ, portuguese. Xuza, Juza; 6 miles further is the anchorage Mesen, Maçim near Barbosa] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 49 Bandar-e-Gowrzeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064910 coordinate: lat 26.74018 long 53.959964 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Korzeh , Bandar-e-Gowrzeh , Bandar-e-Gurzeh , Gerzeh , Gorzeh , Gowrzeh , Jirzeh , گرزه , VARIANT names: Bandar-e-Gowrzeh , Ghurzah , Goarsa , Gorzeh , Guirza , Guirzeh , Gurzeh , Jarseh , Jirza , Jirzeh , ※ SOURCE for Ghurzah « Ghurzah » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 10 : Shiraz-Kish (3)} ※ SOURCE for Goarsa « Goarsa » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lingeh G-40 G 1941} ※ SOURCE for Gorzeh « Jirzeh : see Gorzeh PPL26°44'N 53° 58'E IR11 YK96 NG 39-08 » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vol. A-J p. 784 ※ SOURCE for Guirza « Guirza » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Guirzeh « Cet auteur admet que Siraf aurait pu être situé à Taheri, mais pense qu'il vaudrait mieux chercher du côté de Tcharek ou de Guirzeh, en face de l'île de Qeis où se trouve Kelat (Kelat el-A'beid, apparement Jilla el Abed, Jilla Abade, Qal'a al-Abaid montré sur la carte de Stein entre Tchirou et Guirzeh (Gurzeh, Jirzeh)). [This author admits that Siraf could have been located in Taheri, but thinks that it would be better to look in the direction of Tcharek or Guirzeh, opposite the island of Qeis where Kelat is located (Kelat el-A'beid, apparently Jilla el Abed, Jilla Abade, Qal'a al-Abaid shown on Stein's map between Tchirou and Guirzeh (Gurzeh, Jirzeh)).] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 242 ※ SOURCE for Gurzeh « Cet auteur admet que Siraf aurait pu être situé à Taheri, mais pense qu'il vaudrait mieux chercher du côté de Tcharek ou de Guirzeh, en face de l'île de Qeis où se trouve Kelat (Kelat el-A'beid, apparement Jilla el Abed, Jilla Abade, Qal'a al-Abaid montré sur la carte de Stein entre Tchirou et Guirzeh (Gurzeh, Jirzeh)). [This author admits that Siraf could have been located in Taheri, but thinks that it would be better to look in the direction of Tcharek or Guirzeh, opposite the island of Qeis where Kelat is located (Kelat el-A'beid, apparently Jilla el Abed, Jilla Abade, Qal'a al-Abaid shown on Stein's map between Tchirou and Guirzeh (Gurzeh, Jirzeh)).] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 242 ※ SOURCE for Jarseh « JARZEH, OR JIRZEH-LAT. (Tower) 26° 44' 15"; LONG. 53° 58' 10".A small village on the coast of Lar, opposite the island of Qais. It has a tower and date-grove, and is situated in a bay, which affords shelter from the Shimal close in. There are 20 fathoms of water within a mile of the beach of Jarzeh. (Constable-Stiffe-Persian Gulf Pilot.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 A-K p. 458 ※ SOURCE for Jirza « Jirza » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} ※ SOURCE for Jirzeh « JARZEH, OR JIRZEH-LAT. (Tower) 26° 44' 15"; LONG. 53° 58' 10".A small village on the coast of Lar, opposite the island of Qais. It has a tower and date-grove, and is situated in a bay, which affords shelter from the Shimal close in. There are 20 fathoms of water within a mile of the beach of Jarzeh. (Constable-Stiffe-Persian Gulf Pilot.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 A-K p. 458 « Jirzeh : see Gorzeh PPL26°44'N 53° 58'E IR11 YK96 NG 39-08 » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vol. A-J p. 784 « Cet auteur admet que Siraf aurait pu être situé à Taheri, mais pense qu'il vaudrait mieux chercher du côté de Tcharek ou de Guirzeh, en face de l'île de Qeis où se trouve Kelat (Kelat el-A'beid, apparement Jilla el Abed, Jilla Abade, Qal'a al-Abaid montré sur la carte de Stein entre Tchirou et Guirzeh (Gurzeh, Jirzeh)). [This author admits that Siraf could have been located in Taheri, but thinks that it would be better to look in the direction of Tcharek or Guirzeh, opposite the island of Qeis where Kelat is located (Kelat el-A'beid, apparently Jilla el Abed, Jilla Abade, Qal'a al-Abaid shown on Stein's map between Tchirou and Guirzeh (Gurzeh, Jirzeh)).] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 242 Bandar-e-Langeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055126 coordinate: lat 26.557918 long 54.880669 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar Langeh , Bandar-e Lengeh , Bandar-e-Langeh , Linja , Linjah , بندر لنگه , VARIANT names: Bandar-e-Langeh , Lengeh , Lenghì , Lenguie , Linga , Lingah , Lingeh , Linghee , Linjah , Lundsje , Singar , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Bandar-e-Langeh FOR Hiṣn Ibn ʿUmāra [Cornu], ※ SOURCE for Bandar-e-Langeh « Tribes traveled freely back and forth across the Gulf, and some had sections on both sides, most famously the Qawasim based in Sharjah and Ras al-Khaimah who temporarily governed Bandar Langeh. Settlements along the coast often had closer relations with those on the Arab side than those in the interior, due to ease of communication. » #1723 Potter, Lawrence, The port of Siraf: Historical Memory and Iran’s role in the Persian Gulf, International Congress of Siraf Port, Bushehr, 2005 (Nov), ~ p. 31 « It was not until late in the 19th century, however, that the Tehran government was able to reassert control over its Gulf littoral, reclaiming Bandar Abbas from Oman in 1868 and in 1887 evicting the (Arab) Qasimi shaikhs who had long ruled Bander Langeh » #1723 Potter, Lawrence, The port of Siraf: Historical Memory and Iran’s role in the Persian Gulf, International Congress of Siraf Port, Bushehr, 2005 (Nov), ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Lengeh « In 1884, after the Ruler of Lengeh had planted date offsets on Greater Tunb without permission, the Ruler of Ras Al Khaimah uprooted the plants and sent a letter of protest to both the Ruler of Lengeh and the native agent of the British at Lengeh. The Ruler of Lengeh replied to this protest by apologizing and acknowledging in writing that the island belonged to the Ruler of Ras Al Khaimah. He also committed to prohibiting the tribesmen from Lengeh who were under his authority from using the island to graze their animals.66 » #2583 Charles L.O. Buderi, Luciana T. Ricart, The Iran-UAE Gulf Islands Dispute A Journey Through International Law, History and Politics, Brill, Leiden, 2018 ~ p.99 ※ SOURCE for Lenghì « was suddenly encountered by a band of Pirates in the gulf of Lenghee, or Lenghi, and slain after a most desperate » #57 Maurizi, Vincenzo, History Of Seyd Said, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1984 ~ p. 2 ※ SOURCE for Lenguie « Lenguiè » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Linga « On April 12, 1890, after a stay of some days at Linga, on the Persian Gulf, I left it with a caravan of one horse, ten donkeys, two servants, and one Persian soldier. » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 24 ※ SOURCE for Lingah « In reply to a request of the British Resident in 1879 to compile “a complete list of the dependencies of each Trucial Chief”, the native agent on the Arab coast listed Greater Tunb as being owned by the Ruler of Ras Al Khaimah. He added, however, that the island was “also owned by the Chief of Lingah in part as he is also of the tribe of the Joasmees”.65 » #2583 Charles L.O. Buderi, Luciana T. Ricart, The Iran-UAE Gulf Islands Dispute A Journey Through International Law, History and Politics, Brill, Leiden, 2018 ~ p.99 #1839 Morgan, Jacques de, Mission scientifique en Perse Tome Second Études Géographiques, Ernest Leroux, Paris, 1895 vol. 2: ~ Fig. 139. Côte de Lingah ; Laristân p. 296 « Lingah » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} « … the information called for by Government on the 17th February 1854, regarding the principal estates within my political control. No mention is therein made of the ports on the Persian Coast between Bushire and Bunder Abbas given below. … Ports. | Tribes. | Names of Chiefs. Lingah | ….. | Khaleefa bin Guzeeb. » #2994 ed. Robert Hughes Thomas, Historical and Other Information Connected with Place in the Persian Gulf, government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, 1856 ~ p. 286 ※ SOURCE for Lingeh « By Christmas Eve we reached Lingeh town after inspecting the scanty remains left at Kung of the fortified trading post maintained here by the Portuguese long after the fall of Hormuz. Lingeh, which has suffered much decay in recent years, detained us for four days, partly owing to severe malaria brought from Bandar ‘Abbas by my party and escort, and partly on account of the difficulty of securing transport. » #831 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological Reconnaissances in Southern Persia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1934 (Feb), 83:2:119-34 ~ p. 130 ※ SOURCE for Linghee « was suddenly encountered by a band of Pirates in the gulf of Lenghee, or Lenghi, and slain after a most desperate » #57 Maurizi, Vincenzo, History Of Seyd Said, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1984 ~ p. 2 ※ SOURCE for Linjah #428 Farmayan, Hafez and Daniel, Elton L. (ed.), A Shi'ite Pilgrimage to Mecca 1885-1886, The Safarnameh of Mirza Mohammad Hosayn Farahani, Saqi Books, London, 1990 ~ p. 238 ※ SOURCE for Lundsje « Lundsje » in {map#1035 Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A) Tab: XIX p. 340} « . Here are the ports which belong to these Arabs and which make me known: [arabic] Kunk, [arabic] Lundsje, [arabic] and Rás Hati » #2874 Carsten Niebuhr, Description de l'Arabie faite sur des observations propres et des avis recueillis dans les lieux mêmes, S. J. Baalde, Amsterdam, 1774 ~ p. 272 ※ SOURCE for Singar « Singar » in {map#1320 'tracing showing the route and coast line from Mogoo bay to the town of Bunder Abbas. (vide report no. 6 of 1864)' [?236a] (1/2) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, ST 393, vol 17, p 236a, in Qatar Digital Library, , 1864, } Bandargah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055142 coordinate: lat 28.8251 long 50.9074 NIMA/GNS names: Bandargah , بندرگاه , VARIANT names: Bandargah , Band-e Amir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055156 coordinate: lat 29.777 long 52.8474 NIMA/GNS names: Bandamir , Band-e Amir , بند امیر , VARIANT names: Band-e Amir , Band-e Mo`allem : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055182 coordinate: lat 26.6579 long 55.0504 NIMA/GNS names: Band Mo`allem , Bandar-e Band-e Mo`allem , Bandar-e Mo`allem , Band-e Mo`allem , Band-i-Mu`allim , بندر بند معلم , بندر معلم , VARIANT names: Bandar Muallim , Band-e Mo`allem , Bend-Malin , Bunder Mallum , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Muallim « Bandar Muallim » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} ※ SOURCE for Bend-Malin « Bend-Malin » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Bunder Mallum « Bunder Mallum » in {map#1320 'tracing showing the route and coast line from Mogoo bay to the town of Bunder Abbas. (vide report no. 6 of 1864)' [?236a] (1/2) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, ST 393, vol 17, p 236a, in Qatar Digital Library, , 1864, } Band-e Now Mandah : stream grp 37 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: -3370139 coordinate: lat 32.3 long 63.3666667 NIMA/GNS names: Band-e Now Mandah , VARIANT names: Band-e Now Mandah , Banesh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055221 coordinate: lat 30.097971 long 52.428251 NIMA/GNS names: Banesh , Banish , بانش , VARIANT names: Banesh , Bang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055224 coordinate: lat 29.7427 long 50.3262 NIMA/GNS names: Bang , Binak , Binak Kuh-e Bank , Bing , Bonak , بنك , بنگ , بينك , بينگ , بینک کوه بابک , VARIANT names: Bang , Bough , ※ SOURCE for Bough « Bough » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 Bangu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055237 coordinate: lat 28.0688 long 52.1111 NIMA/GNS names: Bangu , بنگو , VARIANT names: Bangu , ※ SOURCE for Bangu « A very badstage: it may be divided at the foot of Baraftāb at 12 miles. From Riz 3 tracks lead to Pass Rūdak, one via Mukhaldun, 15 miles, not fit for mules, one via the Bangu pass to Baraftab, and a third via the Darabaz pass to Baraftab, the last-named difficult for mules. The route now described is that via Bangu and Baraftāb. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 173 Banguman : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.055292 long 52.591968 † basis ( calculated route stage location for reference purposes) Supplement: this location at stage 3, Banguman, of 4 stages on Istahri Shiraz to Gur ( ≃ 80.6 (adjusted x 110/115) kms of 110 kms) VARIANT names: Banguman , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Banguman AT Zangiran (old) lat 29.069847 long 52.621492 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Banguman « 4 Par. Dorf Bangumän [4 Parasangs village of Bangumän] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 195 « Mukaddasi nennt an zweiter Stelle statt Bahr das nahe gelegene Kül (3), den 3. Tagemarsch führt er bis Bümahān (7). Die Bodengestalt scheint eine Wahl zwischen mehreren Wegen hier nicht zuzulassen, dagegen können Bangumān und Bümahän durch Verschreibung aus einer Form hervorgegangen sein. Für die Lage beider Orte kommt wohl nur die Gegend von Ismailabad in Betracht. fn. 3 Ebenda 8.81. fn. 7 Muk. 455, 1. [Mukaddasi mentions the nearby Kül (3) in second place instead of Bahr, and the third day's march leads to Bümahān (7). The shape of the ground does not seem to allow a choice between several paths here, but Bangumān and Bümahän may have been derived from one form by prescription. The only possible location for both places is probably the area around Ismailabad. fn. 3 Ibid. 8.81. fn. 7 Muk. 455, 1.] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 195 Bani Forur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3055244 coordinate: lat 26.118333 long 54.443889 NIMA/GNS names: Jazireh-e Bani Farur , Jazireh-e-Bani Forur , Jazireh-ye Bani Forur , Nabiyu Farur , جزيره بنی فرور , جزيرۀ بنی فرور , VARIANT names: Bani Forur , Nobfleur Island , ※ SOURCE for Nobfleur Island « NOBFLEUR ISLAND, in lat. 26° 6' N., bears S. S. W. from Polior distant 5 leagues; it has a hill near the east end, which in most views forms a saddle, and may be seen 6 leagues from the deck, but the other parts of the island are low: At the distance of 14 mile from the south end of the island, the depths are from 28 to 40 fathoms mud; but a ledge of rocks above water projects from the west end about 2 or 3 miles. In the channels among those islands, also betwixt them and the Tumbs, and to the southward of them, near the Arabian Coast, the general depths are from 35 to 50 fathoms. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ p. 260 Bani Sa`d : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3103747 coordinate: lat 33.5658333 long 44.5419444 NIMA/GNS names: Bani Sa`d , Khan Bani Sa`ad , Khan Bani Sa`d , VARIANT names: Bani Sa`d , Benisaad , Khan Bani Sa'ad - Aurta Kh?n , ※ SOURCE for Benisaad « Benisaad » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 3 Karte Irans, Ausschnitt der Regionen Teheran - Esfahan - Shiraz} ※ SOURCE for Khan Bani Sa'ad - Aurta Kh?n « The road from here again shows signs of flood till, at 18 miles, Khan Bani Sa'ad is reached. This is a village with two serais, one of which is 100 yards square of massive brick, in which there is accommodation for 300 men and horses. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 144 Bani Yaki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055248 coordinate: lat 30.0917 long 52.7009 NIMA/GNS names: Bani Tekyeh , Bani Yakeh , Bani Yaki , Bani Yekkeh , Beyn Yeki , Bin Yaki , بنی یکه , VARIANT names: Bani Yaki , Banuch : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055828 coordinate: lat 28.652128 long 54.525623 NIMA/GNS names: Banuch , Banuj , Banuj , Baynuj , بانوج , باینوج , VARIANT names: Banuch , ※ SOURCE for Banuch « Once Deh- i-khair was left behind, on March 29th, no cultivation was met along the flat thalweg until the small villages of Banuch and Abshi were reached, some 9 miles lower down. To these villages canals carry water from the springs about Nakhsh-i-Rustam on the northern side of the valley. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 200 Banzark-e Kohneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055278 coordinate: lat 27.0666 long 56.9762 NIMA/GNS names: Bandarak , Bandark-e Kohneh , Band-e-Zarak , Bandzak , Bandzarak , Banzark Kohneh , Banzark Now , Banzark-e Kohneh , بندرك , بندزرک , بندزک , VARIANT names: Bandzak Kohna , Banzark-e Kohneh , ※ SOURCE for Bandzak Kohna « In 1871 Sir Henry Yule, editor of I Society's edition of The Book of Ser Marco (London 1871), published a letter from Colonel Lewis Pelly, British Resident at Bushihr, who placed the ruins of Old Hormuz “several miles up a creek … about six or seven miles from the fort of Minao, and the Minao river, or its stony bed, winds down towards them”, a location which Carls has shown to have been uncritically followed by later commentators. (15) W. Kleiss, who visited the area in 1977, concluded that Old Hormuz lay on a mound between the modern village of Bandzak Kohna and the bed of the Minab Rud, in roughly the same position as Pelly’s site. (16) Fn. 15 Ibid., pp. 96-100 Fn. 16 “Die Portugesische Seefestung auf der Insel Hormoz am Penischen Golf’, Architectura. Zeitschrift Geschichte und Baukunst VIII ( 1978), 166-83, especially fig. 1.» #1123 Morgan, Peter, New thoughts on Old Hormuz:Chinese ceramics in the Hormuz region in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1991 ~ p.68 Baqerabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055312 coordinate: lat 34.508953 long 48.219952 NIMA/GNS names: Baqerabad , Baqirabad , باقر آباد , باقر آباد , VARIANT names: Baqerabad , ※ SOURCE for Baqerabad « At 3 m, cross the Ab-i-Garmasiāb by a stone bridge, without parapets, large village of Mailābād about I m. to left, thence a gradual ascent over rolling country and final ascent; at 13 m. top of gardan of Bagrābād, 5,650 on the W. side of which is the village of that name. The road then follows the contour of the hills to the right in its descent to the valley beyond-a road branching N.-E. to Tôi Sarkan at 15 m. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 666 Baqubeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3103784 coordinate: lat 33.75 long 44.6411111 NIMA/GNS names: Ba`qubah , Bakuba , Ba'quba , Baqubeh , VARIANT names: Bacouba , Bakooba , Bakuba , Baqubeh , ※ SOURCE for Bacouba « Nous laissons sur notre droite deux villages, et ar-rivons à Bacouba, après avoir traversé à gué la Diala. [We leave two villages on our right, and arrive at Bacouba, after having crossed the Diala by ford.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 220 ※ SOURCE for Bakooba « Bakooba » in {map#1329 Persia with part of the Ottoman Empire, Walker, John, 1831, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 11298.018 fig. } ※ SOURCE for Bakuba « The road now runs in an easterly direction through high walled gardens, and at 13 miles enters Bakübā where there is a telegraph and a post office. There is a good camping ground to be found anywhere outside the town. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 145 Bar al Hikman : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PEN UFI: -786472 coordinate: lat 20.490313 long 58.383015 NIMA/GNS names: Bar al Hikman , Barr al Hikman , VARIANT names: Bar al Hikman , Bar-al-Hakman , ※ SOURCE for Bar al Hikman « Between Ghubbet Hashish and Maseera Channel is a peninsula called Bahr al-Hikman, the south-western point of which is Ras Zeiwani and the south-eastern is Ras Um al-Shew ; near the former point is Khor Milh, a salt lagoon, from which large quantities of salt are exported to Zanzibar. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p.489 ※ SOURCE for Bar-al-Hakman « Bar-al-Hakman » in (map [855] Africa, Sheet VI from the Juba Islands to Maskat with the Entrance to the Red Sea [1r] (1/2), Captain William Fitzwilliam Owen, 1877, British Library IOR/X/3828/598) Bar Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056063 coordinate: lat 27.6891 long 54.61227 NIMA/GNS names: Bar Bala , Beri-ye Bala , Biri Bala , بری بالا , VARIANT names: Bar Bala , Barab (Cornu) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.9389 long 53.1704 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: [coordinates are those of Cornu see source below, putting Barab about 3 kms south of Fariab and 26 kms west of Khionji. PBR] VARIANT names: Barab (Cornu) , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Barab AT Fariab lat 27.9389 long 53.1704 [Cornu], ※ SOURCE for Barab (Cornu) « Bārāb VI C5 Faryab près de Hong, à 27°55' N et 53°10'E Iran Avant-dernière étape sur la route de Darabagird à Siraf, Muq 454, LS 296, Schw 201, DKI 171 s.v. Fāryāb »#2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 47 « the location of Bārāb (9) must remain completely undecided. fn. 9 Etymological: "field that can be cultivated with artificial irrigation".» #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 201 « The cross-road from Dârâbjird, given by Mukaddasi, goes by Juwaym of Abu Ahmad to Faryab or Barab, a stage on Mustawfi's route, and then to Kuran, on the Färs Namah route, whence it led direct to Siraf'. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 296 Baraemi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.203355 long 55.733763 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Baraemi , Baraimi , Barik , Beraemi , ※ SOURCE for Baraemi « Baraemi (2 cisterns) » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} ※ SOURCE for Baraimi « The east bank of the river, composed of fine deep sand, and in places of sandy clay, slopes up 200 yards from the water's edge, and then merges into a sandy plain. At 2½ miles the road passes between two date groves. At 3 miles the date groves and two cisterns (dry in March 1907) of Baraimi are passed. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 164 ※ SOURCE for Barik « Durch eine gleichförmige Wüste 2½ Meilen nach Madi und der Karawanserei Guni Godsji Mahmed (Gun-e Chadjä Mohammad) durch Bârik, dann 1 Farsach zum Flusse Kur OSO. [Through a uniform desert 2½ miles to Madi and the caravanserai Guni Godsji Mahmed (Gun-e Chadjä Mohammad) through Bârik, then 1 farsach to the Kur river ESE.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 124 ※ SOURCE for Beraemi « and one and a half miles further on the two cisterns and village of Beraemi, close to the south side of the road. At 13 miles 7 furlongs two large groves of date trees are on either hand, distant about 50 and 100 yards to north and south respectively. Another 5 furlongs, and, descending the banks of the river Shur, we cross the dry portion of its bed, covered with an efforescence of salt, and consisting of a limy clay of a whitish yellowish colour. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 34 [Not sure of this location even though there appears to be a domed cistern. PBR] Barak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077823 coordinate: lat 27.6513 long 52.4157 NIMA/GNS names: Barak , Parak , پرک , VARIANT names: Barak , Baruck , Brok , ※ SOURCE for Barak « Barak (Lat. 27° 39' N., Long., 52° 24' E.), situated about 13 miles north-westward of Nakhl Tagi, is a small village with a fort, a square tower, and a date grove. A small village, in which there is a square tower, stands about 2 miles south-eastward of Barak. The coast between Nakhl Tagi and Barak rises steeply to the hills; it is nearly steep-to and has little or no shore reef. A low point projects from the coast line about 2 miles westward of Barak and affords partial shelter from the shamál to boats anchored off the village. » #353 The Persian Gulf Pilot 1870 - 1932 8th edition, Archive Editions, Slough, 1989 ~ p. 152 ※ SOURCE for Baruck « Baruck » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} ※ SOURCE for Brok « Brok » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 Barangerd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055404 coordinate: lat 31.710739 long 49.833367 Supplement: sarai ? not located NIMA/GNS names: Barangerd , Barun Gerd , بارانگرد , بارون گرد , VARIANT names: Barangerd , Barangird- serai , ※ SOURCE for Barangird- serai « The 'Lynch Road', which we rejoined further on, led past a fine spring and the newly built and now deserted Bārāngird-sarai, and thence over an easy saddle to the open valley of Haliagan. From here the road made a marked bend eastward, and passing over an easy watershed gained the southern end of the Mālamir basin. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 128 Barayjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055420 coordinate: lat 28.9749 long 53.033 NIMA/GNS names: Barai Jun , Barayjan , Berayjan , برایجان , VARIANT names: Baradjun , Barayjan , ※ SOURCE for Baradjun « and on the other side of the stream, the village of Baradjun, entirely surrounded by green foliage. After this place Barajan (Baradjun), via villages named as Charbi, Sendjan, Sagada, Bier, Fesjun and Asmunga, (82) fn. 81 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 111; Thevenot, vol.II, p.127; Stodart, p. 79 (Moozaferie); Valentijn, vol. V, p. 262 (Moesaserie; Mose Faril); Speelman, p. 82 (Mosaffry); Fryer, vol. II, p. 208 (Mussaferry); Hedges, p. 207 (Mussaferee); KA 1793, fol. 998 (Mossa Ferhie); Chardin, vol. VIII, p. 460 (Mouza fari); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 312 (Mossefarie); Carmelites, loc. cit. (Musafiri). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 75 « Hinter der Karawanserei jenseits des Stromes liegt ganz im Grünen das Dorf Baradjun (Barasdjân). [Behind the caravanserai across the river lies the village of Baradjun (Barasdjân), surrounded by greenery.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 111 Barayjan caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.004595 long 53.056162 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: کاروانسرای برایجان Barayejan caravanserai VARIANT names: Barayjan caravanserai , Karavanserail Ali Abad (Gasun) , ※ SOURCE for Barayjan caravanserai « Hinter der Karawanserei jenseits des Stromes liegt ganz im Grünen das Dorf Baradjun (Barasdjân). [Behind the caravanserai across the river lies the village of Baradjun (Barasdjân), surrounded by greenery.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 111 ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Ali Abad (Gasun) « Karavanserail Ali Abad (Gasun) (Taf. 22,1) (Abb. 5; 186)Lage: 27 km südöstlich des Karavanserails Ab-e Germ, 27 km nordwestlich des Karavanserails Aseman Gerd, an ei- nem alten Übergang über den Rudkhaneh Mand, an der Hauptkarawanenstraße von Shiraz nach Djahrom, Lar und Bandar-e Abbas sowie an einer Querverbindung von Firu- zabad (Firuz Abad) nach Sarvestan.Typ: Hofkaravanserail, weitere Angaben sind nicht möglich.Datierung: Wahrscheinlich qadjarisch, 19. Jahrhundert. [Caravanserail Ali Abad (Gasun) (Plate 22.1) (Fig. 5; 186)Location: 27 km southeast of the Ab-e Germ caravanserail, 27 km northwest of the Aseman Gerd caravanserail, at an old crossing over the Rudkhaneh Mand, on the main caravan road from Shiraz to Djahrom, Lar and Bandar-e Abbas and at a cross-connection from Firuzabad (Firuz Abad) to Sarvestan.Type: Hofkaravanserail, no further information is possible.Dating: Probably Qajarian, 19th century. ] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 104 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 24.850203 long 67.061461 VARIANT names: Barbaricum , ※ SOURCE for Barbaricum owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Barbaricum, 67.061461, 24.850203, IN, nkn, approx, 25, tmcIRa0100_024a » Barchah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055428 coordinate: lat 26.647109 long 54.874322 NIMA/GNS names: Barchah , Bardghun , بارچاه , بردغون , VARIANT names: Barchah , Barshah , Barſcià , ※ SOURCE for Barchah « Barchah » in {map#1214 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Parts of Persia and Arabia, Surveyor General of India, , University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet 18 1908} ※ SOURCE for Barshah « After having briefly traveled through some small hills until the second hour of the night, we stopped in a town called Barshah. (3) For the comfort of travelers there is a walled enclosure for taking shelter without any expense, as is the case with the caravanseraisfn. 3. Bembo and his companions are following the mountain road from Bandar-i Kong to Bar Shah and then from there through Lar to Shiraz. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 290 ※ SOURCE for Barſcià « Quattr'ore prima del giorno ci riponemmo in iſtrada il Giovedì 14. e dopo 15. miglia prendemmo ripoſo nel Cafale di Barſcià: [Four hours before the day we set off on the road on Thursday 14th and after 15 miles we took rest in the Cafale di Barſcià:] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 278 Bard Neshandeh Ancient Temple : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.0355822748593 long 49.3343851190322 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Bard Neshandeh Ancient Temple معبد باستانی برد نشانده VARIANT names: Bard Neshandeh Ancient Temple , Bardak-e Siah : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: Bardak-e Siah , ※ SOURCE for Bardak-e Siah « Bardak-e Siāh lies 2 km north of the village of Dorūdgāh in the Borāzjān plain. The area is referred to under the names Ta?mâka/Tamūkkan/Taocê/Tūz/Tūj/Tūzag/Tawwaj. The toponyms are different variations of a single geographical name. During the Achaemenid period, the toponym Ta?mâka/Tamūkkan/Taocê is found in three types of texts: late Babylonian sources, the Persepolis Fortification Archive (PFA), and Greek sources, with minor variations among them. The toponym refers to a coastal region that was an Achaemenid majestic center and thanks to the archaeology, we are aware of three palatial monuments in the Borāzjān delta called Bardak-e Siāh, Charkhāb, and Sang-e Siāh » at online reference link Bardak-e Siah BH47 : arch. site IRN UTM: 513456, 3248026 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3613214685093 long 51.1386368631257 VARIANT names: Bardak-e Siah BH47 , ※ SOURCE for Bardak-e Siah BH47 « The third ‘palace,’ that is Bardak-e Siah, which is one of the most impressive monumental buildings in the area, is located approximately 13 km Northwest of Charkhab and in the vicinity of Dorudgah village where the Shapur joins the Dalaki (Fig. 2; Yaghmaee 2017: 87, 131). In 1978, Yaghmaee visited this site while investigating Sang-e Siah. The existence of archaeological materials at the site were reported by members of the local community and excavation was immediately underway. During this season, parts of an Achaemenid monument were found and the excavation was subsequently halted. Almost three decades later in 2004-2005, Yaghmaee resumed the excavation but the investigations were halted again (Karimian, Sarfaraz, Ebrahimi 2010: 50). As a result, the building has been only partially excavated and the complete plan of the monument has not yet been reconstructed. » #2870 E. Matin, The Achaemenid Settlement of Dashtestan (Borazjan): A View from Persepolis, ISMEO, 2020 ~ p. 338 coordinates converted from UTM in #2872 Carter, R.A., K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman, H. Tofighian, The Bushehr Hinterland: Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November- December 2004, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 44:pp. 63-103 ~ Table 3. Site gazetteer p. 10 Bardemil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055458 coordinate: lat 31.973709 long 49.062576 NIMA/GNS names: Bardeh Mil , Bardemil , برد میل , برده میل , VARIANT names: Bardemil , Berdeh Mil , ※ SOURCE for Berdeh Mil « After riding for about four and a half hours, we came to a tiny stream whose waters are fresh, Berdeh Mil (cold stream). » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 547 Bard-i-Pahan-i-Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.716787 long 52.342392 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Bard-i-Pahan-i-Bala , ※ SOURCE for Bard-i-Pahan-i-Bala « Bard-i-Pahan-i-Bala » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Kangan G-39E 1942} « but none at Bard-i-Pahan-i-Bālā, reached at 6 miles, a few date trees and good water. The main ascent now begins, and is increasingly difficult. Many old serais and cisterns are passed, relics of days when Tahiri was an important port. »#3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 162 Bard-i-Pahan-i-Pain' : arch. site IRN UTM: none coordinate: lat 27.706508 long 52.343886 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bard-i Pahan , Bard-i-Pahan-i-Pain' , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Bard-i-Pahan-i-Pain' FOR Bard-i-Pahan-i-Pain' ? [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Bard-i Pahan « Bard-i Pahan is a group of at least three single-room structures on both sides of the track. They are made of plaster and stone, the northernmost being of large dressed blocks. The buildings measured 7 x 4 m x about 4 m high, and 14 x 4 m, with a preserved height of less than 2 m. A cistern east of the track measures 14 x 4 m, and it has rounded corners. The site is 2 km north of Tul-i Azizi, at a point from which the west wall of Siraf was fully visible. Beginning at this point, fragments of the ancient road, two to three metres wide and made of laid stones, are visible near the modern track (Fig. 69). » #3195 Middle East: Tricontinental Hub: A bibliographic survey, Department of the Army, United States, 1965 ~ p. 79 ※ SOURCE for Bard-i-Pahan-i-Pain' « The ascent is up the bed of this ravine, gentle at first till 5 miles, when pools of sweet water and overhanging rocks are met with at a point called Bard-i-Pahan-i-Pain. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 284 Bard-i-Pahan-i-Pain' ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055492 coordinate: lat 27.7 long 52.3 NIMA/GNS names: Bard Pahn-e Pa'in , Bardi Pahni Peyn , Bard-i-Pahan-i-Pain' , برد پهن پائين , بردی پهنی پين , VARIANT names: Bard-i Pahn , Bard-i-Pahan-i-Pain' ? , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Bard-i-Pahan-i-Pain' ? AT Bard-i-Pahan-i-Pain' lat 27.706508 long 52.343886 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Bard-i Pahn « Bard-i Pahn » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} « Bard-i Pahn » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} ※ SOURCE for Bard-i-Pahan-i-Pain' ? « The ascent is up the bed of this ravine, gentle at first till 5 miles, when pools of sweet water and overhanging rocks are met with at a point called Bard-i-Pahan-i-Pain. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 284 Bardistan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055479 coordinate: lat 27.87327 long 51.960759 NIMA/GNS names: Bardbestan , Bardestan , Bardistan , بردبستان , بردستان , VARIANT names: Bardistan , Verdeitao , Verdostam , ※ SOURCE for Bardistan « Bardistan, situated about 5 miles north-westward of Banak and about 2 miles in land, is a town at which there is a tall bád-gír, or wind-tower, that is partly hidden by trees. It stands near a creek the mouth of which is situated about 2 miles south-eastward. During rains the creek becomes the mouth of the water-course that drains the valley. » #353 The Persian Gulf Pilot 1870 - 1932 8th edition, Archive Editions, Slough, 1989 ~ p.154 ※ SOURCE for Verdeitao « De ce cap Nabao jusqu’à la ville (vila) de Reixete (RaySahr), où se jette le fleuve Rodom (Rudan), la terre se fait courbe à la manière d’une baie, distance qui sera de quarante lieues, sur laquelle sont ces villes (vilas): Bedicane (Bidbün), Chilau (Silaw) et le cap de Verdeitao (Bardistàn) » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 101 ※ SOURCE for Verdostam « VERDOSTAM, lugar de-Bardistan, em 27° 52' lat. N. e 51° 57' longo E., na costa oriental do golfo Pérsico. [Pedro Teixeira - Relações de .. . ]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. Bardjin chahar taq : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.005774 long 56.628308 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location used photograph Planche XXXVIII, 2 in Berghe source VARIANT names: Bardjin chahar taq , ※ SOURCE for Bardjin chahar taq « « VII LE CHAHAR TAQ DE NIGAR Perché sur un monticule, ce Chahar Täq (2) domine une région aujourd'hui sauvage et désertique; il se trouve à 19 km. au nord de Nigår. Ce village est situé à 16 km. au sud-ouest de Kirman, le long de la voie antique qui partait de Kirmän vers le Golfe persique via Nigär, Baft, Dasht-i Ab et Daulatäbäd. fn. 2 Carte à l'échelle 1/253-440 de la région de Kirmän (H-40-0). [VII THE CHAHAR TAQ OF NIGARPerched on a hillock, this Chahar Täq (2) dominates a region that is now wild and desert; it is located 19 km. north of Nigår. This village is located 16 km. southwest of Kirman, along the ancient road that left Kirmän towards the Persian Gulf via Nigär, Baft, Dasht-i Ab and Daulatäbäd. fn. 2 Map at a scale of 1:253-440 of the Kirmän region (H-40-0).] » #3402 Vanden Berghe, L, Nouvelles découvertes de monuments du feu d'epoque sassanides, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1965 Vol.5: pp.128-147 ~p. 140 [VI. THE CHAHAR TAQ OF BARDJINThe Chahar Taq of Bardjin) was built in the dasht-i or plain of that name, 2 km. northeast of the village of Büridiyah and 10 km. east of Dasht-i Ab; the latter locality is an important town situated on the road which connects Kirman to Daulatabad, passing through Baft, 36 km. south of the latter place. The situation on the hill was excellent and one enjoyed a splendid view of the whole plain (1) well watered and fertile. Only one pillar of the building remains. fn. 1 This Chahar Taq was visible from the old track which connected Kirman to Bandar Abbās and Lar, passing through Nigar, Baft, Dashtab, Daulatābād. There this trail split into two branches, one going via Sultānābād or Dih Shaikh towards Tarum, Furg, and Dārāb. The other via Ahmadi towards the Persian Gulf.] » #3402 Vanden Berghe, L, Nouvelles découvertes de monuments du feu d'epoque sassanides, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1965 Vol.5: pp.128-147 ~ pp. 137-9 Barekeh : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10391276 coordinate: lat 28.3021 long 53.0476 NIMA/GNS names: Barekeh , برکه , VARIANT names: Barekeh , Barfdan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3055529 coordinate: lat 28.76722 long 54.643212 NIMA/GNS names: Barfdan , Kuh-e Barfdan , کوه برفدان , VARIANT names: Barfdan , Barfrush : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054341 coordinate: lat 36.551016 long 52.678601 NIMA/GNS names: Babol , Babul , Balfrush , Barfarush , Barfrush , Barfurush , بابل , VARIANT names: Barferush , Barfrush , ※ SOURCE for Barferush « After twenty miles came Barferush, and just after crossing a river by a magnificent bridge of many arches, there opened out before our eyes a delightful picture. In the centre of a lake, reed-clad and peopled with wild-fowl, who seemed to know no fear, was a green island, thick with orange-trees, covered with fruit, and poplars; while between the foliage was seen what appeared to be a white-walled, red-tiled mansion, like an English country seat. Across the lake to this lovely island led a long, low bridge, whose pointed stone arches were mirrored in the still waters below. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 334 ※ SOURCE for Barfrush « From this towne after diner we came the same daye to Barfrush [Bärfarüsh], being 3 leauges, a fine towne. Here lyes a prophites toom cald Imonizedasmoyle. (1) fn. 1 Imāmzāda Isma'il, son of the Imam Mūsā al-Kazim. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 54 Bargun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10401620 coordinate: lat 28.733631 long 54.452269 NIMA/GNS names: Barakan , Bargan , Bargun , برگان , برگون , برکان , VARIANT names: Bargun , Berghan , ※ SOURCE for Berghan « 260 to village Berghan. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 161 Baridu'iyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 40245 coordinate: lat 28.9922 long 56.6161 NIMA/GNS names: Baridu , Baridu'iyeh , Beridoo'eyeh , Boridu' Yeh , Boridu'iyeh , بریدوئیه , VARIANT names: Baridu'iyeh , barj ali abad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.689805 long 54.698687 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: barj ali abad , barj mayink : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.032335 long 52.071584 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Mayink Tower VARIANT names: barj mayink , barj sangi fanos dariyayi kang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.586729 long 54.934627 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Kong Lighthouse Stone Tower برج سنگی فانوس دریایی کنگ VARIANT names: barj sangi fanos dariyayi kang , barj tarikhi paalam : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.845731 long 48.000047 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Pa'alam Historical Tower برج تاریخی پاعلم VARIANT names: barj tarikhi paalam , Barkah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786471 coordinate: lat 23.67872 long 57.886047 NIMA/GNS names: Barka' , Barkah , بركاء , VARIANT names: Barkah , Borca , ※ SOURCE for Borca Diseripssão da Fortaleza de Borca #821 Bocarro, António, O livro das plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoac¸o~es do estado da I´ndia Oriental, Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 1937-40: 1992, Series: 442 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 55 Barkeh Lari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056080 coordinate: lat 27.210303 long 54.716637 NIMA/GNS names: Barkeh Lari , Berkeh Lari , Berkeh-ye Lari , بركه لاری , VARIANT names: Barkeh Lari , ※ SOURCE for Barkeh Lari « There is a road from here (Tooderoo) to Birkah Lowa village, whence a road is said to run direct to Linga. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 9 Barkeh-ye Soltan : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 11751936 coordinate: lat 27.244435 long 55.502607 NIMA/GNS names: Barkeh-ye Soltan , برکه سلطن , VARIANT names: Barkeh-ye Soltan , Berkei Soltonni , Berkei Soltonni , Birkeh Sultan , Birkeh Sultan Caravanserai , Borké-Soltoún , S. Berkei Soltani , small Karrawanſera (Valentyn) , ※ SOURCE for Berkei Soltonni « We parted from thence about half an hour after one a Clock in the Morning: during a large quarter of an hour we had bad flony way, and about half an hour after five we paffed by a little covered Kervanferay, called Berkei Soltonni; » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 134 ※ SOURCE for Birkeh Sultan « Birkeh Sultan » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} «014 (km) | S. Berkei Soltani (Thévenot) | S. Birkeh Sultan (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 « BIRKEH SULTAN LAT. 27° 14' N.; LONG. 55° 37' E., ELEV. 95 .A halting place seven stages from Bandar 'Abbas, on the caravan route to Lar. (Pelly.) A caravanserai in Läristän, 17 miles from Bandar 'Abbas, on the road to Lar. It is supplied with good water from 3 cisterns, one of which is in bad repair. Plenty of camel grazing is procurable. At this point the road to Rüdar, Avin, Gishü Güniz and Lilang, via the Tang-i-Rüdar, diverges. The hills to the north are crossed by two passes the Tang-i-Rüdar and the Tang-i-Kishidari-lying respectively north-north-west and north-west from the caravanserai. (Butcher, 1888-Shakespear, 1905-Wilson and Cruikshank, 1907.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt A- K p. 174 ※ SOURCE for Birkeh Sultan Caravanserai « At 14 miles 1 furlong we arrive at the caravanserai, and two large cisterns of Birkeh Sultan, the latter being full of good water. Altitude above sea, 97 feet. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 33 ※ SOURCE for Borké-Soltoún « Après avoir fait reposer nos chevaux et pris des fourrages, nous, nous remîmés en route, en suivant toujours la même vallée. Une heure après, nous nous arrêtâmes dans un caravansérail nommé Borké-Soltoún, à côté duquel est une citerne couverte. [After resting our horses and taking fodder, we set off again, always following the same valley. An hour later, we stopped at a caravanserai called Borké-Soltoún, next to which is a covered cistern.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 424 ※ SOURCE for S. Berkei Soltani «014 (km) | S. Berkei Soltani (Thévenot) | S. Birkeh Sultan (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for small Karrawanſera (Valentyn) « Wy trokken voorby een kleine Karrawanſera, daar eenige Benjaanen bleven. [We passed a small Karrawanſera, where some Benjaans remained.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 266 Barm Shur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055623 coordinate: lat 29.4585 long 52.6892 NIMA/GNS names: Bameru , Barm Shur , Barm Shur-e Pa'in , Barm-e Shur-e Pa'in , برم شور پائین , VARIANT names: Barm Shur , Barmachou , ※ SOURCE for Barmachou « Barmachou » in {map#1270 in #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 fig. Carte de la Turquie d'Asie, et de la Perse} Barmeh : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.745049 long 52.181206 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Barmeh , Birmey , ※ SOURCE for Barmeh « BARMEH A ruined village, 87¼ miles east of Bushire on the road to Firuzabad. Near by are the ruins of a large caravanserai, almost buried in the sand. (Stotherd, 1893) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 p. 148 « Barmeh » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} ※ SOURCE for Birmey « Birmey… 35 miles … A small place: the village of Ferashbaund to the left, distant nine miles. Road bad: country barren. At sixteen miles a small rivulet crosses the road. » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ p. 460 « From Bushire to Ahram, over the plain of the Deshtistan, 30 miles ; road sandy, but otherwise good ; water and forage favourable. Through the easy pass of Kalkhum 20 miles; water, forage, and brushwood abundant; population Arab; then through the pass of Hajji Salli to Bushgum, which is rocky and bad, 18 miles; to Birmey 35 miles ; of tolerable road to Firhabad 35 miles, from whence begins the descent of the mountains, the road very difficult. » #1334 Monteith, William, Notes on the Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, etc., Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857, 27:108-19 ~ p. 119 « Birmey » in {map#1121 Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, , 1850, #1334 Monteith, William, Notes on the Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, etc., Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857 27:108-19 ~} « Birmey » in {map#1231 ‘Sketch of Lieut. Snodgrass’s Route from Bushire to Shiraz, via Feruzabad, A.D. 1810’, , , [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3118, in Qatar Digital Library} Barqun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055550 coordinate: lat 30.2132 long 52.018 NIMA/GNS names: Bahr Khan , Bahreghan , Barghan , Barqun , Berghan , Berghun , برغان , بهرغان , VARIANT names: Barqun , Bars : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060343 coordinate: lat 31.517176 long 50.401353 NIMA/GNS names: Bars , Barz Shovar , Deh Barez , Deh-e Barez , Deh-e Barz , بارز شوار , بارس , ده بارز , ده بارز , VARIANT names: Bars , Barzan Tower : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.437562 long 51.77653 VARIANT names: Barzan Tower , ※ SOURCE for Barzan Tower « A watch-tower and abambar of good water at the top of the pass are reached at 13 miles. The road thence descends through a valley from 300 to 500 yards broad, with steep, and often precipitous hills on each side. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 187 Barzara : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.991632 long 52.349146 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: this location at stage 2 of 7 stages on Muqaddasi Siraf to Jur ( ≃ 58 kms of 203 kms) VARIANT names: Barzara , ※ SOURCE for Barzara « thence to Barzara, one stage » #3346 Muhammad ibn Ahmad Muqaddasi, trans. Basil Anthony Collins, The Best Divisions For Knowledge Of The Region, Garnet Publishing, Reading, 2001 ~ p. 367 « Der Hän Bädergän würde dann zum Gebiete des von Wardawan kom- menden Flusses gehören, der Hän Barkäne in die Gegend von Jam (etwa südöstlich davon) fallen. Mukaddasi führt 1 Tagereise von Kirend zum Halteplatz Barzara, von dort 1 Tag bis Gemm (1) und einen weiteren Tag bis Sirāf. Barzara müßte nicht allzu fern vom Hän Bädergän gesucht werden. Im einzelnen bleibt hier alles zwischen Raikan und Jam zunächst unsicher. Daß die Gegend südlich von Gür schon in alter Zeit spärlich besiedelt war, zeigen die drei, bez. vier Hane auf der 40 Par. langen Strecke, denen nur zwei Dörfer gegenüberstehen in der Beschreibung des Istahri. fn. 1 Vgl. oben (II) S. 64. [The Hän Bädergän would then belong to the area of ??the river coming from Wardawan, the Hän Barkäne would fall into the area of ??Jam (approximately southeast of it). Mukaddasi is a one-day journey from Kirend to the Barzara stopping place, from there one day to Gemm (1) and another day to Sirāf. Barzara would not have to be sought too far from the Hän Bädergän. In detail, everything between Raikan and Jam remains uncertain for the time being. The fact that the area south of Gür was sparsely populated even in ancient times is shown by the three or four Hane on the 40-par. long stretch, opposite which there are only two villages in the description of the Istahri. fn. 1 See above (II) p. 64.] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 196 Bas Par : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLL UFI: 10781575 coordinate: lat 29.18655 long 51.679408 NIMA/GNS names: Bas Par , Posht Par , پشت پر , VARIANT names: Bas Par , Bospar , Bozpar , Buzpar , ※ SOURCE for Bospar « In this light, the existence of the stone tomb, Gur-e Dukhtart on the Bospar Plain, west of the route between Kazerun and Farrashband, is also worth considering. This monument, which resembles closely the Tomb of Cyrus the Great at Parsagad,(6) belonged to the beginning of the Achaemenid period and again confirms even stronger the existence of the common thoroughfare, and the great interest of the Achaemenid sovereigns in this particular region, the western part of their native country and, though attached to the Elamite Kingdom, the domain of their original sovereignty. fn. 6 Mr. Mostafavi wishes this spelling be introduced here. Ed. » #3126 Mostafavi, M. T., The Archaemenid Royal road: post stations between Susa and Persepolis, in: ed A.U. Pope, A Survey of Persian Art from Prehistoric Times to the Present: New studies, 1938-1960 ; Proceedings, the IVth International Congress of Iranian Art and Archaeology, April 24-May 3, 1960, part A, SOPA, A Survey of Persian Art, , 1981, pp. 3008–3010 ~ p. 3009 ※ SOURCE for Bozpar « BOZPAR, a valley situated about 100 km southwest of Kāzerūn, and 11 km by donkey path through the mountains from Sar Mašhad, Fārs [see Comment]. Since 1970, the valley has been accessible via the oil-company road from Ḥosaynābād. It is the site of many old ruins, mostly from Sasanian times, when there was a town in this valley; two important buildings, Kūšk-e Bālā and Kūšk-e Pā?in, are preserved from this town. The most important ruin in the Bozpar valley is the building known locally as Gūr-e Do?tar (Plate XX). R. N. Frye was the first to report its existence after he visited Sar Mašhad in 1948, and W. B. Henning and M. ­T. Moṣṭafawi during their epigraphic survey of the Sar Mašhad region in 1950 were informed about this monument by local tribesmen. » at online reference link in #3067 Yoshihiro Nishiaki, Fahlian (Tape Suruvan), Faras, Iran, Laboratory for Prehistoric Archaeology of West Asia, The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, 2020 ~ Fig. 1 Location of Fahlian and other way-stations on the Royal Road (modified from Mostafavi 1967) ※ SOURCE for Buzpar « Buzpar » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ Abb. 6 Karte der Umgebung von Borazdjan - Kazerun und Djerreh p. 11 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.707664 long 56.566885 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Bascarde , Bascarode , Baxeal , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Bascarde AT Bushire lat 28.9684 long 50.8385 [Dames], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Bascarde AT Vaskird lat 27.707664 long 56.566885 [Aubin], ※ SOURCE for Bascarde « Barbosa's Portuguese form. | Other authorities. | Modern. 3. Bascarde | Baxeal (Sp.). | probably Bushire. The identification of Bushire or Bushahr with Bascarde or Baxeal is doubtful but not improbable, as it was already known in Yakūt's time (Le Strange, Lands of the Eastern Caliphate, p. 261). » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol. 1 p. 81 « BASCARDE, porto de-Porto do golfo Pérsico que o Dr. Mansell L. Dames se inclina a identificar com o actual Bushire, em 28° 59' lat. N. e 50° 46' long. E. [Duarte Barbosa - Livro de. Versão publicada pela Academia das Ciências de Lisboa]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-c p. 93 « D'après le budget de 1515, publié en version portugaise par João de Barros, les “territoires extérieurs” comprenaient trois districts administrés par des vizirs (guazilado, “vizirat”): Minäb, Manügan et Vaškird (175). Ces districts, qui correspondent aux cantons originels de l'ancien royaume d'Ormuz, rendaient annuellement au trésor royal 2.500, 3.200 et 1.000 ašrafi respectivement. En sus de ces trois “vizirats”, Barros ne cite que six villages du Mugistan, dont la recette annuelle, 4.200 ašrafi au total, allait dans les coffres du roi (176). fn. 175 Le “Basturde” de Barros, II/10-7, p. 454, “situé au pied de la montagne à l'extré mité du royaume”, est évidemment une déformation graphique du nom qui apparaitailleurs sous la forme “Bascarde” (cf. note 167) et représente une prononciation locale Baškard. C'est Gulaškird/Valaškird, au nord-ouest de Manugan (FG, VIII, p. 357-358: Golâškerd), et non pas le district de Bašākird, au sud-est de Minab, appelé Baškard par les natifs (cf. Ilya Gershevitch, Travels in Bashkardia, dans Royal Central Asiatic Journal, 46 (1959), p. 213). Sur Valaškird (Laškird dans Yaqut, IV, p. 341), cf. Schwarz, Iran, p. 248. fn. 176 Barros, II/10-7, traduit ci-après, DE 2/1bis. [According to the budget of 1515, published in Portuguese version by João de Barros, the “outer territories” included three districts administered by viziers (guazilado, “vizirate”): Minäb, Manügan and Vaškird (175). These districts, which correspond to the original cantons of the ancient kingdom of Hormuz, returned annually to the royal treasury 2,500, 3,200 and 1,000 ašrafi respectively. In addition to these three “vizirates”, Barros cites only six villages in Mugistan, whose annual revenue, 4,200 ašrafi in total, went into the king's coffers (176). fn. 175 The “Basturde” of Barros, II/10-7, p. 454, “situated at the foot of the mountain at the extremity of the kingdom”, is obviously a graphic deformation of the name which appears elsewhere under the form “Bascarde” (cf. note 167) and represents a local pronunciation Baškard. It is Gulaškird/Valaškird, northwest of Manugan (FG, VIII, p. 357-358: Golâškerd), and not the district of Bašākird, southeast of Minab, called Baškard by the natives (cf. Ilya Gershevitch, Travels in Bashkardia, in Royal Central Asiatic Journal, 46 (1959), p. 213). On Valaškird (Laškird in Yaqut, IV, p. 341), cf. Schwarz, Iran, p. 248. fn. 176 Barros, II/10-7, translated below, DE 2/1bis.] » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ pp. 107-8 ※ SOURCE for Bascarode « "Ensuite, il y a des îles, Andra (Hinderabi), Bascarode, (version espagnolo Baxeal), Laracour (version espagnole Lar Cojur), (Larak) (2), Fomon (version espagnole Tomon) (Tumb) et Firol (version espagnole Firror) (Farur). Après l'fle de Firol, nous avons une ile appelée Barem (version espagnole Baharem) (Bahrain), où résident un grand nombre de marchands et des gens importants. L'fle est située au milieu du Golfe Persique, de sorte que beaucoup de bateaux avec des marchandises le fréquentent." (3). ["Then there are islands, Andra (Hinderabi), Bascarode, (Spanish version Baxeal), Laracour (Spanish version Lar Cojur), (Larak) (2), Fomon (Spanish version Tomon) (Tumb) and Firol ( Spanish version Firror) (Farur). After the island of Firol, we have a island called Barem (Spanish version Baharem) (Bahrain), where a large number of merchants and important people reside. The island is located in the middle of the Persian Gulf, so many ships with goods frequent it." (3).] fn. 3 Dames (Mansel Longworth) : The book of Duarte Barbosa, 2 vol. (Hakluyt, Serie II, vol. XLIV, P. 59). » #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, Bruxelles, 1949 ~ p. 14 ※ SOURCE for Baxeal « Barbosa's Portuguese form. | Other authorities. | Modern. 3. Bascarde | Baxeal (Sp.). | probably Bushire. The identification of Bushire or Bushahr with Bascarde or Baxeal is doubtful but not improbable, as it was already known in Yakūt's time (Le Strange, Lands of the Eastern Caliphate, p. 261). » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol. 1 p. 81 Bashavar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.97185 long 53.190115 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bashavar , ※ SOURCE for Bashavar « At 7 miles is the village of Bashavār, ... both on the eastern bank of the river; » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 [stage distance 17½ miles actual length 22.3 miles. corrected to 8.9 miles. PBR] Bashi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055705 coordinate: lat 28.68392 long 51.079867 NIMA/GNS names: Bashi , باشی , VARIANT names: Bashi , ※ SOURCE for Bashi « Báshi is a village with a large round tower and date grove, 11 miles to northward of Báraki.. Here the Bu Reyyál range recedes from the sea, ending a few miles to the northward; the great plain inland of Bushire commencing near this place. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890, ~ p. 271 Bashneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056103 coordinate: lat 29.362 long 54.8344 NIMA/GNS names: Bashneh , Beshneh , Bishneh , بشنه , VARIANT names: Bashneh , Beshna , Beshneh , Bishneh , ※ SOURCE for Beshna « Katru to Beshna, as already reported on, vide route No. 195 of Persian Route Book.February 20th.-Leave Beshna. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 20 ※ SOURCE for Beshneh « The assafoetida plant grows in this part of the country in great abundance, and attains a finer growth than any I have elsewhere observed, some of the plants being 4 or 5 feet high. It is entirely neglected by tbe people. Gradually we got into a more open country by continued descents, and at 28½ miles we alighted at the small village Beshneh, possessing some towers of refuge. lThe distance is called 9 fursacks. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 69 ※ SOURCE for Bishneh « 21 BISHNEH 19 m.General direction N. by E. The road runs over bona plain at great length, the mountains on the western side forming a great amphitheatre, the convexity of which points about south-west; the plain is more or less studded with low bushes, but is in parts salt and sterile. At 15 miles the track runs up a valley much stud led with gaz trees, and possessing a salt streamlet. Here there is a square fort with towers at the corners, 30 houses, and a garden. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 42 Basht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055725 coordinate: lat 30.361005 long 51.157351 NIMA/GNS names: Basht , Basht , باشت , بشت , VARIANT names: Basht , Basidu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055681 coordinate: lat 26.6484 long 55.286 NIMA/GNS names: Basa`idow , Basa`idu , Basidu , باسعيدو , VARIANT names: Bacido , Basidóh , Basidu , Basitou , Bassadore , Iland, called Bassedor , ※ SOURCE for Bacido « Bacido » in {map#990 Golfe Persique. Dresse en 1758 et publie en 76, Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon, 1776, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 2603.025} see AHduGP map 75 « et qui connoiffoit le golfe Perfique pour y avoir navigué, que vers la pointe de Kefem ou Kifmis, et un peu en dedans du canal qui fe termine à Ser-Mion, … établi aux environs de cette ville; et dans Pietro-della-Valle, qui étoit en Perfe peu d'années après, il eft mention d'un Arabe des environs de Mafcate, également diftingué par le nom de Raffet. La ville dont je viens de parler fe nomme Bacido: [and who knew the Persian Gulf from having sailed there, only towards the point of Kefem or Kifmis, and a little inside the channel which ends at Ser-Mion, … established in the vicinity of this city; and in Pietro-della-Valle, which was in Perfe a few years later, there is mention of an Arab from the vicinity of Mafcate, also distinguished by the name of Raffet. The city of which I have just spoken is called Bacido:] » #2907 M. d'Anville, Recherches ge´ographiques sur le golfe Persique, et sur les bouches de l'Euphrate et du Tigre. In Mémoires de Littérature, Tirés des Registres de l'Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Tome Trentième., De l'imprimerie Royale, Paris, 1764 pp. 132-197 ~ pp. 151-2 ※ SOURCE for Basidóh « Abreast of Básidóh* the height of the coast range was ascer-tained, by trigonometrical measurement, to be 3498 feet above the level of the sea. Although the ascent is very laborious and difficult, it has been accomplished by several of our officers. Crossing over the maritime plain, which is here not more than three miles and a half in breadth, they found at the foot of the hills a mineral spring, the waters of which are highly beneficial for cutaneous eruptions. as well as rheumatism. scurvy, etc. Fn. * Or Básidó, as Niebuhr spells it (p. 329), is probably a corruption of the Portu-guese Buxador for Embaxador. » #1128 Whitelock, Lieut. H. H., Descriptive Sketch of the Islands and Coast at the entrance of the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1838 ~ p. 176 ※ SOURCE for Basidu « BASIDU. Anglice “ Bassadore,” a British station situated on the westernmost point, similarly named, of Qishm Island and about 25 miles east by north of Lingeh Town. It includes a native village called Bandar Singau about 1 mile to eastward of the remains of the principal settlement described- below. The village of Nakhlistan, mentioned in the article on Qishm Island, lies just outside the station and to the east of it. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 267 « Basidur, (477) Iersal (478) e Cerbil (479) fn. 477. Errato per Basidu; cf. n. 475. fn. 478. Località non identificata nell'isola di Qishm (cf. G. N. CURZON, Persia, London 1892, II, pp. 410-13). fn. 479. Non identificato. » #1572 Pinto, Olga, Viaggi d i C. Federici e G. Balbi alle Indie Orientali, Istituto Poligrafico Dello Stato, Rome, 1962 ~ p. 117 ※ SOURCE for Basitou « Basitou » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 ※ SOURCE for Bassadore « BASIDU. Anglice “ Bassadore,” a British station situated on the westernmost point, similarly named, of Qishm Island and about 25 miles east by north of Lingeh Town. It includes a native village called Bandar Singau about 1 mile to eastward of the remains of the principal settlement described- below. The village of Nakhlistan, mentioned in the article on Qishm Island, lies just outside the station and to the east of it. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 267 « Moghu or Moghunah, is situated in the bay between Ras Bostonah and Ras Yarid on the Persian shore. Until the acquisition of Bassadore on the north-west extremity of the island of Kishm, Moghu was the station for the Indian Navy squadron. » #782 Low, Charles Rathbone, History of the Indian Navy (1613-1863), Richard Bentley and Son, 1877 ~ vol1 p. 333 ※ SOURCE for Iland, called Bassedor « The twentieth, wee departed from Bender, and the same evening came at an Iland, called Left. And right over against Bender, lyeth an Iland, called Bassedor; and these two Ilands are under the Portugals. And Gesser and Bender, which are on the mayne Land, are under Abrehem Can, and sometimes were under the King of Ormuz. The one and twentieth day, I went on Land on the Ile of Left: and here the women weare Iron hoopes, and a number of other things about their Necks, Legs, and Armes. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 458-9 Bastak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055745 coordinate: lat 27.199076 long 54.366761 NIMA/GNS names: Bastak , Lastak , بستک , لستك , VARIANT names: Bastak , Baſtak , Lastak , ※ SOURCE for Bastak « Next day we arrived at Bastak, described in my former paper. The number of inhabitants is larger than that of Jena, but smaller than that of Lar, probably between three and four thousand. The governor met us with a large retinue of armed attendants outside his house, to which we adjourned, and was very friendly, as we had met before. The height of the town was about 1600 feet. » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 25 « Bastak is a town built of sun-dried bricks. It contains 600 houses E P and the population is between 4,000 and 5,000. It is situated in the centre of a small plain, about 4 miles in length from east to west and 3 miles in breadth from north to south. This plain is enclosed by high mountains on all sides. The town is unfortified and unwalled. As seen from the heights above, it presents a most picturesque appearance, being surrounded by green fields and large plantations of palm trees. There is a small fort on the hills to the south of it about 2 miles of » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 7 « 4. BASTAK | 9 | 54 | 3 hours.The road passes over a ridge and winds round the brow of a chain of hills. Water is obtained from reservoirs and kanáts from springs. The encamping ground is in desert. Thence to Shíráz vid Ishkanan. » #3461 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Routes in Persia, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1887 ~ p. 327 ※ SOURCE for Baſtak « Dopo ſette miglia di piano il Sabato 9. entrammo fra alcune inontagne, così diſaſtroſe e ſcoſceſe, per lo ſpazio di 18. miglia, che in alcune parti la ſtrada era riparata con mura, acciò non precipitaſſero le caravane. Arrivammo dopo 9. ore nel Caſale, e Karvanſera di Baftak; sēpre però per infecondo, e arido terreno, nel quale appena nafcono, per alimēto de'poveri, pochi dattili preſſo i luoghi abitati, e formēto, di che fanno un pane fottile, come un'oſtia. [After seven miles of flat terrain on Saturday the 9th we entered some mountainous terrain, so to speak and so on, for a space of 18 miles, since in some parts the road was sheltered with walls, so that the caravans would not fall. We arrived after 9. hours in Caſale, and Karvanſera of Baftak; However, it is found in barren and arid soil, in which barely a few dactyls are born near the inhabited places, as food for the poor, from which they make a loaf of bread, like a wafer.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 274 ※ SOURCE for Lastak « Lastak » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lingeh G-40 G 1941} Bastak C. : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.198451 long 54.375953 VARIANT names: Bastae C. , Bastak C. , ※ SOURCE for Bastae C. « At the 21st hour of the 3rd of June I went on my way and journeyed from mountain to mountain. At night I stopped in a caravanserai similar to the past one, which was called Bastae. (8) » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 291 ※ SOURCE for Bastak C. « Bastak Caravanserai, located in Bastak city in the central part of Bastak city in the west of Hormozgan province, is one of the historical monuments ... This caravanserai has a central courtyard and rest areas were located around the stables, the caravanserai is on the north and south sides and ends at the entrance of the porch . This historical monument is a stone structure with plaster materials and Saroji plasters, which formed the foundation of the caravanserai. This caravanserai was built during the Qajar period and has been registered in the list of national monuments of Iran with registration number 2233. » Bastak Caravanserai online reference link [accessed 01 Jul 2024] Bastak hammam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.197667 long 54.371527 VARIANT names: Bastak hammam , ※ SOURCE for Bastak hammam « Reste eines safavidischen Karavanserails in Bastak waren nicht aufzufinden, vielleicht gibt die Lage eines ausgedehnten safavidischen Hammam im alten Stadtkern von Bastak einen Hinweis auf die ehemalige Lage eines solchen Bauwerkes, welches in diesem wichti- gen Etappenort am Weg zum Persischen Golf wohl bestanden haben dürfte. [Remains of a Safavid caravanserai could not be found in Bastak, perhaps the location of an extensive Safavid hammam in the old city center of Bastak provides an indication of the former location of such a building, which may have existed in this important stopover on the way to the Persian Gulf.] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 308 Bastaki House : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.562717 long 54.880996 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bastaki House , ※ SOURCE for Bastaki House Bastaki Bungalow (Bandar Lengeh) online reference link [accessed 19 Feb 2025] Bast-e Faryab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055753 coordinate: lat 27.67151 long 54.54348 NIMA/GNS names: Bast , Bast-e Faryab , Bast-e Pari Ab , Bast-e Paryab , Basti Partab , Bast-i-Pariab , بست پاریاب , بست فاریاب , VARIANT names: Bast , Bast-e Faryab , ※ SOURCE for Bast « Bast » in Map 1. The routes from Shiraz to the Gulf via Lår (1638-1706). (After Jacqueline Calmard, Les routes de Chiraz au Golfe Persique.) #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 5 p. 666 Basti Pariab C. : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.668212 long 54.540383 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Baʃta-paryouw , Basseparo , Basti Pariab C. , Basti Parija , Bast-i-Pariab , Caravan Ser Raw , Farate , Fariyab , Faryab Castle , K. Tang-e Nao , K. Tenghinoun , new Caravan Ser Raw , Pariaap , Paste Poeriouw , Pastepariouw , Qalʿa-yi Fariyab , S. Tenginoun , Tanguni , Tanguni C. , Tengonou , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Basti Pariab C. FOR Ourmangell (Herbert) [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Baʃta-paryouw « Nous continuâmes notre voyage à l'entrée de la nuit, par une belle plaine bordée d'arbres et de maifons d'un côté, qu'on diroit qui font partie de la ville, et après avoir traverſé pluſieurs villages, nous arrivames à minuit au Caravanʃerai de Baʃta-paryouw, à 4 líeuës de la ville. Nous en partimes le trentieme et traverſames 3. fois une petite riviere fort bafle en cetems-là, et fort enflée en hyver, et arrivames 2. heures après à Baʃiele, où nous attendimes la litiere. Nous pourfuivimes enfuite notre chemin et parvinmes à onze heures à un petit Caravanserai à demi demoli, où il y avoit une vieille femme avec des provifions. On trouve en ce quartier-là quantité de citernes couvertes, dont l'eau eft admirable; et beaucoup de gens occupez a en creufer d'autres, et des puits, fans quoi on n'y pourroit fubfifter, [We continued our journey at the onset of night, through a beautiful plain lined with trees and houses on one side, which looked like they were part of the city, and after passing through several villages, we arrived at midnight. at the Caravanʃerai of Baʃta-paryouw, 4 leagues from the city. We left on the thirtieth day and crossed 3 times a small river, very swollen at that time, and very swollen in winter, and arrived 2 hours later at Baʃiele, where we waited for the litter. We continued on our way and arrived at eleven o'clock at a small, half-demolished Caravanserai, where there was an old woman with provisions. We find in this district a number of covered cisterns, the water of which is admirable; et many people busy digging others, et wells, without which we could not find them,] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 318 ※ SOURCE for Basseparo « Quelques palmiers végétaient çà et là. Plus loin deux ca- ravansérails en très-mauvais état s'élevaient auprès de trois autres citernes. Ce lieu s'ap- pelle Basseparo. [A few palm trees grew here and there. Further on, two caravanserais in very poor condition stood near three other cisterns. This place is called Basseparo.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 432 ※ SOURCE for Basti Pariab C. « Advancing another 5 furlongs, we again cross the dry bed of the water-course previously passed. The further or eastern bank is here perpendicular, and forms a cliff about 20 feet high, but is broken down at the point of crossing, sons to form a steep slope. About 20 yards to east of this low cliff we pass the caravanserai, called "Basti Pariab". The cliff, formed by the further bank of the stream, runs round and covers the south, as well as the west face of the caravanserai, which, with stone walls two feet thick, is 30 yards square, and contains about 19 lower rooms. Close to the caravanserai are three cisterns, all in good repair. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 26 ※ SOURCE for Basti Parija « Basti Parija ... 1685 Kaempfer » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 88 ※ SOURCE for Bast-i-Pariab « Basti Pariab » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} « Bast-i-Pariab, Sarai (3 Cisterns) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} « At 8½ miles, the large caravansarai of Bast-i-Pariab is reached; water from three cisterns close by, and from one passed at 8¼ miles; supplies nil; fuel scanty; grazing poor. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 170 ※ SOURCE for Caravan Ser Raw « wherefore at Sunset we made for Lhor^ choaked with Dust and Heat; half¬ way, at a new Caravan (2) Ser Raw, we encountred three Caphalaes laden with Dry Fruit for the Port: fn. 2 * This was perhaps Tang-i-āão. "From Tang-i-Nao to Lar is a dreary march of sixteen miles over a flat alluvial plain, bounded on each side by barren mountains" (Wilson, 158). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 190 ※ SOURCE for Farate « Le lendemain nous marchâmes longtemps avant le jour par des chemins facaeux, après leſquels nous arrivâmes à un village nommé Farate. [The next day we walked long before daylight along easy paths, after which we arrived at a village called Farate.] » #3257 Jan Janszoon Struys, Glanius (Monsieur), Les voyages de Jean Struys, en Moscovie, en Tartarie, en Perse, aux Indes, et en plusieurs autres païs étrangers, 1718 ~ pp. 60-1 « Den 23. machten wir uns sehr frühe wieder auff/ und zogen zur rechten Hand für dem Dorff Farate fürüber/liegende als ein groffer Lust-Ballast mitten in einem Busch mit Dadel/Pomeransen / und Le mon-baumen bewachsen. [On the 23rd we set off again very early and moved to the right hand side of the village of Farate, lying as a large ballast of pleasure in the middle of a bush overgrown with Dadel/Pomeranese and lemon trees.] » #3258 Joh. Jansz. Straußens, Sehr schwere/ wiederwertige/ und Denckwürdige Reysen/ Durch Italien/ Griechenland/ Lifland/ Moscau/ Tartarey/ Meden/ Persien/ Türckey/ Ost-Indien/ Japan/ und unterschiedliche andere Länder, von Meurs, Amsterdam, 1678 ~ p. 197 « Den 23 dito bralien wy borgh been den dagh weder op / cu trokken ter rechter-handt voorby seker Dorp Farate, staande als een groot Luft-Paleys/ te midden in een Bosch van Dadel- Orangien- en Limoen-Boomen. [On the 23rd of July we left again on the day and marched on the right to the village of Farate, standing like a large sky palace in the middle of a forest of date, orange and lime trees.] » #3243 Jan Janszoon Struys, Drie aanmerkelijke en seer rampspoedige Reysen, Meurs, 1677 ~ pp. 362-3 [Floor links Farate with the Basti Pariab caravanserai, see below. The distances given by Struys put the location of Farate some distance further. PBR] « Travellers then continued to Fariyab, seeing many villages and cultivated land en route. The karavansaray was very good, but was in a lonely situation; while there also was an old simpler karavansaray. (114) fn. 114 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 121 (Basti Parija); Valentijn, vol. V, p. 265 (Pariaap; karavansaray of Basti Parija), 285 (kara- vansaray of Paste Poeriouw); Strauszens, p. 197 (Farate); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 318 (Basta paryouw). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 78 « Travellers then continued to Fariyab, seeing many villages and cultivated land en route. The karavansaray was very good, but was in a lonely situation; while there also was an old simpler karavansaray. (114) fn. 114 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 121 (Basti Parija); Valentijn, vol. V, p. 265 (Pariaap; karavansaray of Basti Parija), 285 (kara- vansaray of Paste Poeriouw); Strauszens, p. 197 (Farate); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 318 (Basta paryouw). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 78 ※ SOURCE for Fariyab « Travellers then continued to Fariyab, seeing many villages and cultivated land en route. » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 78 ※ SOURCE for Faryab Castle « Persian text omitted. [Faryab Castle 15. The distance from Char Bar to Faryab Castle is three farsakhs. The road is smooth and level. The mountain south of the road is located at a distance of half a farsakh in the south, about one farsakh, they reach Haji Ali's caravanserai, there are two ponds and a caravanserai here. There are three ponds, a caravanserai and a ruined castle in Faryab Castle. Watermelons, melons, barley and wheat used to be in this Faryab Castle, but now they are not.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 582 ※ SOURCE for K. Tang-e Nao « Karavans. Tang-e Nao » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 14 Karawanenwege zwischen Djahrom und Lar und Khondj und Lar sowie südlich und östlich von Lar} ※ SOURCE for K. Tenghinoun « about two hours after we paffed by another Kervanseray, like to the former, called Tenghinoun; and a little further to the Left Hand, we faw a fmall Forrest of Palm-Trees. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thevenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687, ~ pt. 2 p. 132 ※ SOURCE for new Caravan Ser Raw « wherefore at Sunset we made for Lhor, choaked with Dust and Heat; halfway, at a new Caravan (2) Ser Raw, we encountred three Caphalaes laden with Dry Fruit for the Port:fn.bnThis was perhaps Tang-i-Nao. “From Tang-i-Nao to Lar is a dreary march of sixteen miles over a flat alluvial plain, bounded on each side by barren mountains ” (Wilson, 158). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ p. 190 [Note. Fryer. Tangedelon to Cormoot 20 rocky miles (actual 18.6), Cormoot to Shan Zangee 20 miles (actual 18.7. Sham Zangee halfway to Lhor which is correct. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Pariaap « Wy trokken voorby de Karrawanlera's Baſiga, en Sargab, en bleven tot Pariaap, zagen veel dorpen en zaey-land; ook veel putten en ſchoone plantagien van dadelboomen. Deze Karrawanserais goed; dog ſtaat zeer eenzaam, ook heeft men hier nog een zeer zobere Karrawanſera. [We passed by the Karrawanleras Baſiga, and Sargab, and stayed as far as Pariaap, saw many villages and zaey-lands; also many wells and beautiful plantations of date trees. This Karrawanfera is good, but it is very lonely, and there is also a very dreary Karrawanfera here.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 265 ※ SOURCE for Paste Poeriouw « Paste Poeriouw ... 1703 down Hoogcamer » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 88 ※ SOURCE for Pastepariouw « Pastepariouw ... 1701 up Hoogcamer » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 88 « Den 15. dito quam zyn Ed na 3½ myl rydens i in de Karrawanfera Paſtepariouw, kreeg een brief, met eenige groente, van den Hertog van Lhaar, smet verzoek, om zyn Intrede ten 3 uuren na zons opgang (alzoo dat een gelukkig uur was) in Lhaar te doen. [On the 15th his Ed arrived at Karrawanfera Pastepariouw after a journey of 3½ miles, and received a letter, with some vegetables, from the Duke of Lhaar, requesting him to enter Lhaar at 3 o'clock after sunrise (as that was a fortunate hour).] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273 « Den 4. April van Lhaar vertrekkende, quam zyn Ed:, na 3½ myl rydens, in de Karrawaanſera Paſte poeriouw. [Departing from Lhaar on April 4, at his Ed: after 3½ miles of journey, in the Karrawaanſera Paſte poeriouw.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Qalʿa-yi Fariyab « Qalʿa-yi Fariyab ... 1896 Sadid al-Saltana » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 88 ※ SOURCE for S. Tenginoun «147 (km) | S. Tenginoun (Thévenot) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Tanguni « In the neighbourhood of Lar are a few villages. At twelve miles we passed the ruins of Tanguni, with a small but well-built caravansarai, now untenanted; the qanat which gave life to theplace has been choked some years. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ 146 ※ SOURCE for Tanguni C. « At twelve miles we passed the ruins of Tanguni, with a small but well-built caravansarai, now untenanted; the qanat which gave life to the place has been choked some years. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 147 ※ SOURCE for Tengonou « 15 février. Je ne pus partir qu'après dîner, et comme pour trouver un village, il faut marcher quinze farsangs, nous n'en fimes que trois et nous arrêtâmes à Tengonou, hameau de trois maisons, avec quelques palmiers et des cultures. [February 15. I was only able to leave after dinner, and as to find a village you have to walk fifteen farsangs, we only did three and stopped at Tengonou, a hamlet of three houses, with a few palm trees and crops.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 530 Bataneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.846622 long 51.835871 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bataneh , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Bataneh FOR Najiram [Jolodar], ※ SOURCE for Bataneh « original Persian text omitted [Research background. This port was identified for the first time by Dr. Ali Akbar Sarfraz and Nasrullah Ebrahimi during the archaeological investigation program of Kangan city (31). In the archaeological survey that the writer conducted with Mr. Hossein Tawfiqian in 2008 under the title "Archaeological Survey and Identification ofthe Ancient Ports of the Persian Gulf in Bushehr Province" with the guidance of Mr. Nasrullah Ebrahimi,one of the experienced archaeologists of Bushehr Province, from this port. The visit was carried out andafter preliminary studies, it is assumed that this place is the ancient port of Najiram.] ... [A review of archeological studies and a comparative study show that the location of the ancient port of "Batane" near Deir port matches with the ancient port of Najiram.] » #3161 Dr. Mohammad Ismail Ismaili Jolodar, A proposal to determine the location of the ancient port of Najiram based on the written texts of Sadr Islam and archaeological studies, 2013, in rasekhoon.net/article/show/1012597/%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%85-%DA%A9%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA [accessed:09 Jan 2024] « Bataneh » in {map#1220 in #3158 Majid Pourkerman, Nick Marriner et al, Late Holocene relative sea-level fluctuations and crustal mobility at Bataneh (Najirum) archaeological site, Persian Gulf, Iran, Geoarchaeology, 2021 ~ fig. FIGURE 2 General geomorphological map of Bataneh and its ancient sites located on a Google Earth image (2011).} « The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between halokinesis andRSL changes using geophysical models and multidisciplinary geoarchaeologicalmethods at the ancient Sassanid–Islamic site of Bataneh (presently known as Na-jirum) located at the foothill of an active Darang salt diapir. ... The location of Najirum's harbour is still unclear. » #3158 Majid Pourkerman, Nick Marriner et al, Late Holocene relative sea-level fluctuations and crustal mobility at Bataneh (Najirum) archaeological site, Persian Gulf, Iran, Geoarchaeology, 2021 ~ p. 1 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 23.67027 long 58.189106 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Batrasabbe , Batrasasave , Batrasavaves , Batrasave , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Batrasave AT Seeb lat 23.67027 long 58.189106 [Miles], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Batrasave AT Julfar lat 25.789527 long 55.943196 [Wilkinson], ※ SOURCE for Batrasabbe « Plinius in seiner Parenthese geht nicht ab hoe latere aus, sondern verfolgt die Fahrt vom Rothen Meere her und das Omanorum Batrasabbes oppidum ist in jenem Lande zu suchen, das wir jetzt noch 'Omån heissen, und das nach den Begriffen der Alten schon am Persischen Meere liegt, und ist wahrscheinlich Sib, 25' westlich von Masqat. Wenn die ersten zwei Silben batra nicht ein Fehler für Batn sind, so sehen wir sie als eine Transscription von, bathr, vul- canische Gegend, an. Wenn die Araber 'Omân als Stadtname ge- brauchen, so meinen sie Çohar; das ist also das Omanæ des Plinius, Omnæ ist mir unbekannt, Attance ist Chatt (§ 177) in anderer Form. » [Pliny in his parenthesis does not start from hoe latere, but follows the voyage from the Red Sea and the Omanorum Batrasabbes oppidum is to be found in that country which we still call 'Omån, and according to the concepts of the ancients already on the Persian Sea lies, and is probably Sib, 25' west of Masqat. If the first two syllables batra are not a mistake for Batn, we take them as a transliteration of, bathr, volcanic region. When the Arabs use 'Omân as a city name, they mean Çohar; so this is Pliny's Omanæ, Omnæ is unknown to me, Attance is Chatt (§ 177) in another form.#1332 Sprenger, A., Die alte Geographie Arabiens, Commissionsverlag Von Huber als Comp; Meridian Publising Co., Bern; Amsterdam, 1875;1966 ~ p.124 ※ SOURCE for Batrasasave « The siting of the towns mentioned by the classical authors is highly debatable, but it is probable that the locations of Batrasasave and Om(m)ana (6) are to be found on the shores of the eastern Trucial Oman and show well developed trading centres to have been in existence by the first century A.D. fn. 6 Amongst the sites which offer themselves for identification are Sohar, Julfär (Ras al- Khayma) possibly Khawr Fukkan and Dabā although it is reasonable to suppose that this last is Pliny's Dabanegoris regio (Pliny, Book VI, xxxii 150). The name Batrasasave has several variants amongst which is Batrasabbe (c.f. Sprenger, p. 132) and this perhaps indicates that the name is a compound word meaning the something (rock? citadel?) of the Sabae in which case the forts on the hills at Sohar and Julfar come to mind. The author is of the opinion that Julfär is Batrasasave whilst Sohar is Omana. Sohar was the capital of Oman in pre-Islamic times and Arab authors referring to Oman often mean Sohar so it is reasonable to suppose that Oman should be the same as the ancient capital on the Batiha Coast. The stumbling block in all attempts to locate Omana is the description in the Periplus (p. 36) which says 'Sailing through the mouth of the Gulf, after a six days' course there is another market town of Persia called Ommana'. However, many early authors consider the Gulf of Oman to be part of the Persian Gulf so that the author of the Periplus probably means Ra's al-Hadd not the Straits of Hormuz when he speaks of 'the mouth of the Gulf'. This explanation supports a siting of Omana at the north end of the Batina Coast; Tarn (pp. 481-5) believes Omana to have been the port of Carmamia (Kirman) near Hormuz. The idea of its being at Abu Dhabi, or for that matter anywhere on the Trucial Coast which the editor of the Periplus suggests, is ruled out by the very nature of the country and the lack of any archaeological evidence to support the hypothesis. » #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, The Geographical Journal, London, 1964 ~ p. 341 and fn p. 348 ※ SOURCE for Batrasavaves « But to return to Meredat. By 142 Meredat had extended his control to Oman, for the single monetary issue by which he is known calls him BACIAEYZ OMAN (Figure 12). As the fragments of Isidore cited earlier attest, Oman was a region known to the inhabitants of Mesene, while the Periplus confirms that the port of Omana was in particularly close contact with the Mesenian port of Apologos. While Omana has often been sought on the southern coast of Iran, Pliny specifically states that “previous writers” were wrong in making it out to be “a famous port of Carmania”, and although I do not wish to enter deeply into this difficult problem here, I would like to point out that an almost universally neglected fragment of Glaukos’ Arabika arkhaeologia identifies Omana polis as an Arabian town in the vicinity of the Eualenoi (Jacoby 1910: 1420), whom O. Blau (1873: 322,n. 9; cf. Potts, 1985-6: 20) identified as the inhabitants of Awal, one of the traditional names of the largest of the Bahrain islands. This is a point which obviously argues for the location of Omana on the Arabian side of the Gulf. » #2854 D. T. Potts, The Parthian Presence in the Arabian Gulf, in: ed. Reade, J., The Indian Ocean in Antiquity, Kegan Paul International, London, 1996, ~ pp. 279-280 « die Emporien der Omani, Batrasave und Omana auf der arabischen Küste lagen, während man nach früheren Schiffernachrichten Omana für einen Hafen in Carmanien gehalten hatte 5). Indessen hatte schon Juba 6) von diesen beiden Stationen keine Kunde mehr, und die erstere wenigstens, Batrasave, scheint nachher überhaupt ganz verschollen 7), während Όμανα in der arabischen Archäologie des Glaucus 8) (aus der Zeit der Parther- kriege) als eine Stadt im glücklichen Arabien, in der Nähe der Völkerschaft Evahnvoi 9) genannt wird, und eine Spur derselben, die auf römische Quellen deutet, auch in Ptolemaeus vorhanden fn. 7) Geogr. Rav. 59, 1. 2 stehen Petria Sabea ais 2 Städte. Bocharts Conjectur bei Plin. a. a. O. (s. Sillig Note) Petras Sabes zu lesen, bringt uns um nichts weiter. Auch Polyb. 11, 34: Λάβα ϰαί Σάβα im Gerrhäerland passt der Lage nach nicht. Vielleicht liegt das Räthsel des Namens, wie ihn Plinius schreibt (varr. Batrasavaves, Batrasavanes) in einer Textverderbniss seiner Quellen, da „quod" sich doch nur auf ein oppidum bezieht fn. 9) Die Εύαλνοί halte ich für Bewohner der Insel أوال oder Awâl im persischen Meerbusen, Ritt. Erdk, v. Arab, I, 395 f. Jaqût s. v. Vgl. ???????? Bald Εύιλά Genes. 10, 29. » [the emporiums of the Omani, Batrasave and Omana were on the Arabian coast, while according to earlier shipping reports, Omana had been taken for a port in Carmania 5). However, Juba 6) had no more information about these two stations, and the first at least, Batrasave, seems to have disappeared completely afterwards 7), while Όμανα in the Arabic archeology of Glaucus 8) (from the time of the Parthian wars) as one city in happy Arabia, near the tribe of Evahnvoi 9), and a trace of it, pointing to Roman sources, is also present in Ptolemy fn. 7) Geogr. Rav. 59, 1. 2 stand Petria Sabea ais 2 cities. Bochart's conjectur at Plin. a. a. O. (see Sillig Note) Reading Petras Sabes does not get us anywhere. Also Polyb. 11, 34: Λάβα ϰαί Σάβα in Gerrhäerland does not fit the situation. Perhaps the riddle of the name as written by Pliny (varr. Batrasavaves, Batrasavanes) lies in a corruption of the text of its sources, since "quod" only refers to a town fn. 9) Die Εύαλνοί halte ich für Bewohner der Insel أوال oder Awâl im persischen Meerbusen, Ritt. Erdk, v. Arab, I, 395 f. Jaqût s. v. Vgl. ???????? Bald Εύιλά Genes. 10, 29. [9) I consider the Εύαλνοί to be inhabitants of the island أوال or Awâl in the Persian Gulf, ride. Erdk, v. Arab, I, 395 f. Jaqût s.v. Cf. ???????? Soon Εύιλά Genes. 10, 29] #2723 O. Blau, Altarabische Sprachstudien, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Wiesbaden, 1873 Vol. 27:No. 3:pp. 295-363 ~ p. 322 ※ SOURCE for Batrasave Pliny states « Beyond this, the navigation is impracticable on that side [fn. 3 « The Arabian side of the Persian Gulf"], according to Juba, on account of the rocks; and he has omitted all mention of Batrasave [fn. 4 "Considered to be close to Musandam"] a town of the Omani, and of the city of Omana, which former writers have made out to be a famous port of Carmania. » #187 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., The Persian Gulf, an historical sketch from the earliest times to the beginning of the twentieth century, George Allen and Unwin, Oxford, 1928 p. 51 « Pliny here censures Juba for not mentioning Batrasave and Omana, but though he has the merit of supplying the omission, it is clear he does not know where to locate them himself. The former is most likely Seeb, a commercial town on the shore, thirty miles from Muscat, at the embouchure of the Semail Valley, and a place of considerable trade. Batha means a river-bed or watercourse in a sandy country, and Batha Seeb is a name retained to this day, though its more frequent appellation is Batha Fanja. . » #807 Miles, Samuel Barrett, Note on Pliny's Geography of the East Coast of Arabia, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, London, ~ p. 164 Batun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLX UFI: 6012455 coordinate: lat 32.702916 long 51.707769 NIMA/GNS names: Batun , Do Dangi , Dodang , Dodangi , Dow Dangi , Mahalleh-ye Batun , باتون , دو دانگی , محله باطون , VARIANT names: Batun , Botoon , ※ SOURCE for Botoon « 28] This daye we came from Hispahone [Ispahan], being the last of Aprill, to Botoon(1)?]¹ som two leauges from the citye. Here we stayed 3 dayes because we could not be dispacht. Being dispached we sett forward, haueing a mamondar (2) and all other conveniencies etc. fn. 1 Not traced. Della Valle gives Bertabad in this neighbourho. fn. 2 Mihmändär (Persian), an officer appointed to receive and attend on ambassadors. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 45 Batuneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056956 coordinate: lat 27.851935 long 51.792098 NIMA/GNS names: Banineh , Bataneh , Batuneh , Botaneh , Botkhaneh , Botuneh , بتانه , بتخانه , بتونه , بطانه , VARIANT names: Batuneh , Butkhana , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Batuneh FOR Butkhāna [Ball], ※ SOURCE for Butkhana approximate location of « Butkhāna » in {map#1148 Fig. 11. Map of the Persian Gulf (ancient place names underlined)., , , #1121 Ball, Warwick, Some rock-cut monuments in Southern Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1986 24:95-115 ~} « Butkhāna lies only a short distance up the coast from Siraf, which of course was the most important port of all for the Indian trade in Sasanian and Early Islamic times. (43) There are in any case extensive mediaeval remains at Butkhana itself,(44) which may in fact represent the mediaeval port of Najiram.(45) That the name Butkhāna can be associated with Buddhist remains we know from its occurrence at the village of Qal 'a-yi Butkhāna, a village below the major Buddist stupamonastery complex of Tepe Sardar near Ghazni.(46) fn. 44 Personal observation. fn. 45 Whitehouse, personal communication 1975. Le Strange, however, p. 259), places Najiram north of the Mand River. fn. 46 M. Taddei, "Tapa Sardar. First preliminary report", EW, XIX (1968), p. 110. » #1121 Ball, Warwick, Some rock-cut monuments in Southern Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1986, 24:95-115 ~ Bavan valley : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.040219 long 51.648256 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bavan valley , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 16.728711 long 54.145994 VARIANT names: Bay of Zufär , ※ SOURCE for Bay of Zufär « Der Name Zaxaλitys xóλros für die große Bucht zwischen Räs Fartak und Ras Mirbat, die aus der al-Qamar-(Mond-)Bucht und der Bucht von Zufär¹ besteht fn. 1 1 Zufar oder Dufar, heute oft Dhofar genannt » [The name Zaxaλitys xóλros [Sakhalin gulf] for the large bay between Ras Fartak and Ras Mirbat, consisting of al-Qamar (Moon) Bay and the Bay of Zufär¹, fn. 1 1 Zufar or Dufar, now often called Dhofar] #2719 Hermann von Wissmann, Walter W. Mu¨ller, Das Weihrauchland Sa’kalan, Samarum und Moscha (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch - Historische Klasse. Sitzungsberichte), Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1977 ~ p. 5 Bayanzai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3370576 coordinate: lat 31.553699 long 65.439965 NIMA/GNS names: Bayanzai , Bayanzi , Bayanzi , بیانزی , VARIANT names: Bayanzai , Langor , ※ SOURCE for Langor « The 6. day of May we tooke our iourney for Ispahawne in Persia, and trauelled some 8 course that day, and came to a gallant Riuer where were two Townes on each side of the Riuer one, and at one of these Townes called Lan|gor we rested that night. »#3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 49 Bayaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055817 coordinate: lat 30.701908 long 55.445634 NIMA/GNS names: Bayaz , Beyaz , بیاض , VARIANT names: Bayaz , Bayza : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083516 coordinate: lat 29.972 long 52.4012 NIMA/GNS names: Bayza , Beyza , Sepidan , Tal-e Baiza , Tall-e Beyza , Tol-e Beyza , تل بیضا , VARIANT names: Bayza , Baz Bacheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055864 coordinate: lat 30.9102 long 52.4522 NIMA/GNS names: Baz Bachcheh , Baz Bacheh , Bazicheh , Bazichi , باز بچه , VARIANT names: Baz Bacheh , Bazeba-chow , ※ SOURCE for Bazeba-chow « Next night we lay in Whoomgesh, nextin Cuzcuzar, next day to Bazeba-chow, and next to Degardow » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 148 Bazar-e Panjva'i : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3397179 coordinate: lat 31.5477778 long 65.4541667 NIMA/GNS names: Bazar-e Panjva'i , Bazare Panjwa'i , Markaz-e Panjva'i , VARIANT names: Bazar-e Panjva'i , Bazar-e Qeysariyeh : arch. site IRN UTM: none NIMA/GNS dataset coordinate: lat 27.684012 long 54.339513 VARIANT names: Bazar-e Qeysariyeh , ※ SOURCE for Bazar-e Qeysariyeh « Basar-e Qaysarich Der Qaysarich-Basar liegt an der Nordseite des Meidan und kann von hier aus auch betreten werden, wobei auffällt, daß das heutige Niveau des Platzes 1,80 m über dem des Basars liegt. Der Basar (Abb. 5) ist aus drei Zonen aufgebaut, 1. einem achteckigen, überkuppel- ten Zentralraum, 2. aus um den Zentralraum herumführenden Gängen und 3. aus vier kreuzartig vom Zentralraum wegführenden Basaren.[Bazaar-e Qaysarich The Qaysarich Bazaar is located on the north side of the Meidan and can also be entered from here, although it is noticeable that the current level of the square is 1.80 m above that of the bazaar. The bazaar (Fig. 5) is made up of three zones, 1. an octagonal, domed central room, 2. corridors leading around the central room and 3. four bazaars leading away from the central room like a cross.] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p. 337 Bazar-e Qeysariyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.684012 long 54.339513 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: coordinates incorrect in NIMA/GNS dataset. VARIANT names: Bazar-e Qeysariyeh , ※ SOURCE for Bazar-e Qeysariyeh « However, what really distinguishes and sets this city apart now is an enormous and magnificent [margin: market]place, which in Arabic is known by the popular term bazaar, built by Allahverdi Khan, the sultan of Shiraz. It is one of the most superb and remarkable buildings that can be found in Asia, and is comparable to many of the most celebrated structures of Europe. The exterior of this building is square, with soaring white walls made of extremely hard carved stone. Each side is 150 paces long and has a large guarded doorway; from each doorway there leads a street toward the center, where the streets intersect and from where each of the four doorways can be seen. This intersection is covered by an exceptionally high dome, or cupola, with a great number of skylights all around it through which a great deal of light pours in. Extending out from the dome over each of the four streets are vaults made of the same square, white stone mentioned above, but so polished and finely wrought that it looks like fine marble. The interior walls are made from the same material. Round skylights are spaced out along [margin: the upper part of] these vaults, letting in a great amount of light. This bazaar, or marketplace, is protected from the sun and the rain during every season of the year. The floor, [fol. 205r] or pavement, is completely covered with square and very smooth flagstones made of the same stone used in the construction of the rest of the building In the four smaller squares formed by the intersection, there are four other small intersections, each one with its own cupola, and from each one, four smaller streets radiate out, these also being covered with skylighted vaults. This makes a total of twenty streets: the four big ones that begin at the four doorways, and the sixteen small ones. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ pp. 307-8 Bazar-e Vakil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MKT UFI: 15341857 coordinate: lat 29.6149449 long 52.54677777 NIMA/GNS names: Bazar-e Vakil , بازار وکیل , VARIANT names: Bazar-e Vakil , ※ SOURCE for Bazar-e Vakil « Figure 3. Shiraz under Karim Khan: Perry, p. 273, Fig. 3. » at online reference link Bazeh Hoor : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055858 coordinate: lat 35.789606 long 59.370236 NIMA/GNS names: Bazeh Hoor , Bazeh Hur , Bazeh Khur , Bazhu , Baz-i-Hur , بازه حور , VARIANT names: Baza-Kur , Bazeh Hoor , ※ SOURCE for Baza-Kur « BAZA-?UR (Baz-e Hur), a village and site of some important Sasanian structures on the road from Mašhad to Torbat-e Ḥaydariya, near Rebāṭ-e Safid, 35°48’ north latitude, 59°22’ east longitude (Gazetteer of Iran II, pp. 72, 572, Map II-23-A). Southeast of the village, at the entrance of a gorge, are the ruins of a domed building and a mountain fortification, variously called Qa?ʿa-ye Do?tar, Qa?ʿa-ye Pesar, Ašpaz?āna, and Dara?š?āna, which are regarded as a Parthian or Sasanian temple and fort. First reported by H. W. Bellew and E. Diez, they became an integral part of the theories on the Sasanian fire temple, since E. Herz­feld, followed by K. Erdmann, interpreted the arrange­ment as an obligatory temple in the plain and an accompanying “high place” on the mountain. (For doubts on this interpretation in general see Huff, pp. 202f.) As early as 1946, D. N. Wilber noticed, however, that the structures on the mountain belong to a castle, and this was corroborated by the subsequent research of U. Hallier. » online reference link [accessed 01 Jan 2025] Bazeh Howz-e Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055856 coordinate: lat 36.0555 long 59.5589 NIMA/GNS names: Baz Howz-e Bala , Baz Howz-e Bala , Bazeh Howz-e `Olya , Bazeh Howz-e Bala , باز حوض بالا , VARIANT names: Bazeh Howz-e Bala , Bazm al Gharbi : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -782136 coordinate: lat 24.329603 long 53.08828 NIMA/GNS names: Al Bazm al Gharbi , Al-Bizm al-Gharbi , Bazam al Gharbi , Bazim-al-Gharbi Island , Bazm al Gharbi , VARIANT names: Basam al Gharbi , Bazm al Gharbi , Jezzum ul Gurraby , ※ SOURCE for Basam al Gharbi « Basam al Gharbi » in {map#1029 Kaart van de Perzische Golf, ed. A. Hotz, 1907 (1645), #2863 Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ ( Kaart No. IV) after p. 545} ※ SOURCE for Jezzum ul Gurraby « Jezzum ul Gurraby » in {map#1101 Reduced copy of chart of the Gulf of Persia, Brucks, 1830, [?531b] (2/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/732, p 531A, in Qatar Digital Library} Bedeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062080 coordinate: lat 28.794704 long 51.751845 NIMA/GNS names: Bedeh , Emamzadeh-ye Bedeh , امامزاده بده , بده , VARIANT names: Bedeh , Befestigung nördlich von Sivand : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 30.110928 long 52.924938 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Befestigung nördlich von Sivand , ※ SOURCE for Befestigung nördlich von Sivand « Befestigung nördlich von Sivand (Abb. 5; 121) (86)Lage: 2 km nördlich von Sivand auf einem Felsen, der in einer engen Talbiegung die Brücke und die Karawanenstraße überwacht (Abb. 122). Die Mauerreste stehen auf einem steil abfallenden, zum Teil unersteigbaren Felsen, in +1700m N. N. An Keramik wurde unterhalb des Burgfelsens dun-kelgraubraune, grobe Ware (Abb. 122) beobachtet. fn. 86 Die Umgebung von Sivand wurde in Zusammenhang mit der Ver-messung der Brücke Pol-e Shahabbasi am 18. 3. 1986 untersucht. -AMI 20, 1987, 332 f. [Fortification north of Sivand (Fig. 5; 121) (86)Location: 2 km north of Sivand on a rock overlooking the bridge and the caravan route in a narrow valley bend (Fig. 122). The remains of the walls stand on a steep, partly inclimbable cliff at +1700 m above sea level. Dark gray-brown, coarse pottery was observed below the castle rock (Fig. 122). fn. 86 The area around Sivand was investigated in connection with the survey of the Pol-e Shahabbasi bridge on March 18, 1986. -AMI 20, 1987, 332 f.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 71 Beh Deh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055924 coordinate: lat 27.108 long 53.3682 NIMA/GNS names: Beh Deh , Behdeh , به ده , بهده , VARIANT names: Bede , Beh Deh , ※ SOURCE for Bede « Bede » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Behbahan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055917 coordinate: lat 30.5959 long 50.2417 NIMA/GNS names: Behbahan , Behbehan , بهبهان , VARIANT names: Babahan , Bebahan , Behbahan , Bihbahan , ※ SOURCE for Babahan « Babahan is a modern town, and may contain 10,000 people; it has nothing remarkable, and stands 3 miles from the river Jerráhí, which here issues from the mountains. From this, for 12 miles, the road lies over a fine plain to the banks of the Tab, which also comes here from the mountains, about 3 miles on our left hand. For 16 miles the road is excellent, after which it lies over a steep mountain and a rough defile, though one which would easily be made practicable for artillery. » #1334 Monteith, William, Notes on the Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, etc., Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857, 27:108-19 ~ p. 113 ※ SOURCE for Bebahan « Titel: Pataveh 1990 - Court type caravanserai at the road Esfahan - Yasudj - Dehdasht - Bebahan - Bandar-e Beylam » online reference link [accessed 11 Apr 2025] ※ SOURCE for Bihbahan « Hindijan is near the tenth-twelfth century ship-building town of Rishahr (in Arrajän district; not to be confused with the Rishahr near Büshihr),(38) which itself was near the important Sasanian-Early Islamic city of Arrajan near modern Bihbahan.(39) fn. 38 Le Strange, op. cit., p. 271. fn. 39 Ibid., pp. 268-9. » #1121 Ball, Warwick, Some rock-cut monuments in Southern Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1986, 24:95-115 ~ p. 271 Beheshabad bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.030761 long 50.629477 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Beheshabad bridge , Beheshtabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055930 coordinate: lat 32.030181 long 50.624952 NIMA/GNS names: Beheshtabad , Bihishtabad , بهشت آباد , VARIANT names: Beheshtabad , Behjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055935 coordinate: lat 28.8152 long 52.9902 NIMA/GNS names: Behjan , بهجان , VARIANT names: Behjan , Behjun , ※ SOURCE for Behjun « At 2½ miles Behjūn. From here for the next 8½ miles the track is through scrub, and up and down the whole way. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 480 Behjat'abad Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.161713 long 51.744089 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Behjat'abad Caravanserai , Behjerd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 211194 coordinate: lat 28.668 long 57.6985 NIMA/GNS names: Behjerd , Behjerd-e Pa'in , Behjerd-e Sofla , بهجرد سفلی , VARIANT names: Behjerd , Camadi , Daqianus-shahr , Shahr-i-Dagianus , Shehr-i-Daqianus , ※ SOURCE for Camadi « It is at this point, where the open valley ground extending unbroken to the south-west through the Jiruft trough and Bulük ends, that a point in Marco Polo's account of his journey from Kerman to Hormuz may conveniently receive notice. We have seen above that the 'city of Camadi' to which it brought him can with certainty be located at the great ruined site near Behkird at the head of Jiruft. It has long been recognized that the Venetian refers to the route leading thence through Jiruft and Bulük, where he tells us: 'The Plain of which we have spoken extends in a southerly direction for five days' journey, and then you come to another descent some twenty miles in length, where the road is very bad and full of peril, for there are many robbers and bad characters about. When you have got to the foot of this descent you find another beautiful plain called the Plain of Formosa. This extends for two days journey.' The subsequent mention of a two days' ride to the seashore and a 'city with a harbour which is called Hormos' makes it clear that Marco Polo must have reached the coast by the route which, after descending the Gulāshgird valley and crossing the Rüdkhaneh- i-duzdi, the 'Robbers' river-bed', reaches the coastal plain at Shamil probably over the pass of Nivargudär. From Minäb, where the only other route that can come into consideration debouches, the port of old Hormuz would be only half a day's journey. (6) fn. 6 See Yule, Marco Polo, i. p. 107, with abundant comments, ibid. i. pp. 111 sqq. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 176 ※ SOURCE for Daqianus-shahr « Glazed relief ware in peacock green (like Kar. 20; Pl. XXII) is also represented as at Däqianüs-shahr, the site which, as we shall see below, was destroyed during the Mongol invasions. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 146 « At the head of the Jiruft basin there lies on an old river terrace a large ruined site, known as the "Town of Daqianus." It has long ago been recognized that it marks the chief place of Jiruft as described by Muqadassi, and other Arab geographers. Marco Polo's account of his journey from Kerman to Hormuz leaves no doubt about its identity with his "city called Camadi which formerly was a great and noble place, but now is of little consequence; for the Tartars in their incursions have several times ravaged it." The great abundance of fine pottery fragments, mostly glazed or relief-decorated, which could be picked up all over the site, bore testimony to the prosperity which the city had enjoyed. The numerous coins found at the site point to the city having flourished greatly during the period of the early Abbasid Caliphs (circ. A.D. 750-860). But some seals engraved with late Hellenistic designs I acquired there suggest that the site was occupied earlier. A brief trial excavation brought to light some good specimens of ornamented ceramic ware of Muhammadan times and confirmed Muqadassi's statement about the houses of Jiruft having been built with sun- dried bricks on stone foundations. » #831 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological Reconnaissances in Southern Persia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1934 (Feb), 83:2:119-34 ~ p. 125 ※ SOURCE for Shahr-i-Dagianus see arch. site 57.6805560 P1 (Shahr-i-Dagianus) ※ SOURCE for Shehr-i-Daqianus « Two days' descent to Ráhjird, a village close to the ruins of old Jiruft, now called Shehr i Daqíánús ...... 2 ... Six days' march over the "vast plain" of Jíruft and Rúdbár to Faríáb, joining the Deh Bekrí route at Kerímábád, one stage south of the Shehr-i-Daqíánús ...... 6» #1719 Schindler, General Houtum-, Notes on Marco Polo's Itinerary in Southern Persia, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1881 Oct., 490-7 ~ p. 494 Behristan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055950 coordinate: lat 27.7016 long 52.7283 NIMA/GNS names: Baharestan , Bahristan , Behrestan , Behristan , بهرستان , VARIANT names: Behristan , Mokhdan , ※ SOURCE for Behristan « The road traverses frequent tracts of wheat and barley, alternating with expanses of good grass and furze, and at 9 miles 6 furlongs crosses the stream Kana, a mere ditch with a bed about 10 feet wide, in which is a stagnant pool of brackish water. At 10 miles 6 furlongs the village of Behristan, also called "Mokhdan," situated directly at the foot of the range Kuh Zalemi. Altitude above sea, 2 116 feet. The village, on the east side of which is a large grove of date trees, consists of about 50 houses, some of stone, and others of mats. To the south of the village, distant about one quarter of a mile, is a small limestone hill, outlying and solitary, all the sides of which are very precipitous. Inhabitants, about 200. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 16 ※ SOURCE for Mokhdan « The road traverses frequent tracts of wheat and barley, alternating with expanses of good grass and furze, and at 9 miles 6 furlongs crosses the stream Kana, a mere ditch with a bed about 10 feet wide, in which is a stagnant pool of brackish water. At 10 miles 6 furlongs the village of Behristan, also called "Mokhdan," situated directly at the foot of the range Kuh Zalemi. Altitude above sea, 2 116 feet. The village, on the east side of which is a large grove of date trees, consists of about 50 houses, some of stone, and others of mats. To the south of the village, distant about one quarter of a mile, is a small limestone hill, outlying and solitary, all the sides of which are very precipitous. Inhabitants, about 200. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 16 Behshapur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3084185 coordinate: lat 29.780507 long 51.574476 NIMA/GNS names: Behshapur , Beyshapur , Shahpur , Shahr-e Beyshabur , Shahr-e Shapur , Shahr-e Tarikhi-ye Neyshabur , Shapur , بیشاپور , شهر بیشابور , شهر تاریخی نیشابور , VARIANT names: Behshapur , Bisapur , Bishapur , Naqsh-i Rustam , Shapur , Veh-Shapur , ※ SOURCE for Behshapur « In 260, he also took Syria, and the new Roman emperor, Valerian, along with senators and soldiers, was captured and deported to the city of Bishapur (Middle Persian Bēsha¯buhr ). » #3107 ed. D.T. Potts, The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Iran, Oxford University Press, New York, 2013 ~ p. 190 ※ SOURCE for Bisapur « 1.2 Bišāpūr,The second city in our typological discussion is Bišāpūr, founded by Šāpūr 1 (241-272). Here there is a famous series of reliefs carved in the Tang-i Cugan, and a high fortress guards the opening, where the Šāpūr river leads onto the plain. The eastern sector of the city was excavated by Roman Ghirshman, who discovered a temple, probably to Anahita, and a palace (now often considered » #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ p. 82 ※ SOURCE for Bishapur « Ibn al-Balkhi - Nahr Bishapur, arose in the mountains around Bishapur, watered the city and district of Bishapur and the villages of Khisht and Dih Malik, emptied into the Persian Gulf between Jannaba and the Mandistan area; also known as the Zirah, Khisht and Shapur river (Le Strange 1912: 871). » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 8 ※ SOURCE for Naqsh-i Rustam « Although many of the largest and most important Sasanian sites are located in Fars, there is virtually no ceramic material published from many of these sites. The best known Sasanian period ceramic assemblages are from Firuzabad, Hajjiabad, and Qasr-i A b u Nasr, while there is nothing yet published about the material from Istakhr, Naqsh-i Rustam or Bishapur (Boucharlat and Haerinck 1992b: 307). This means that the known corpus of Sasanian ceramics is relatively limited (Boucharlat and Haerinck 1992b: 306; also Huff 1991). » #3122 ed. D.T. Potts and K. Roustaei, The Mamasani Archaeological Project Stage One, Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, Tehran, 2006 ~ p. 13 ※ SOURCE for Shapur « The name of the district stems from that of its former capital, the city of Shapur or, as Maqdisi calls it, Shahristan.(74) As the name suggests, Shapur was founded under the Säsänids; in the tenth century it had already lost its former importance because of the rise of Kazarûn. Not far from the ruins of the city one can still see in the mountains several bas-reliefs, one of which represents the victory of Shäpür I (249-272) over the Roman emperor Valerian; there is on the same site a statue of Shapûr I, the only extant statue from the Sasanid period.(75) fn. 74 Maqdisl, p. 432. fn. 75 Istakhri, p. 150, regarding a mountain in the confines of Sabur with portraits of Persian kings, marzbans and priests (Schwarz, Iran im Mittelalter, II, 42). There is an error on the map (Shapûr is to the northwest of Kazarun, not to the northeast). ((For the Sasanid monuments in the area of Shapûr, see the bibliography in Vanden Berghe, Archéologie de l'Iran ancien, pp. 54-57, 158-59, 242; Ghirshman, Iran. Parthes et Sassanides; idem, Les mosaiques sassanides (Paris, 1956).) [Shapur is more generally known today as Bishäpür; see also for its pre-Islamic monuments, Matheson, Persia, an Archaeological Guide, pp. 236-40; Herrmann, The Iranian Revival, pp. 15-16, 23, 90, 92-94, 101-105. » #2871 W. Barthold, An Historical Geography of Iran, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1984, ~ p. 162 ※ SOURCE for Veh-Shapur « Veh-Shapur (Bishapur), founded by Shapur I near present-day Kazirun. Ibnal-Balkhi says that Shapur was not content with building the town itself, but also carried out construction projects in the surrounding areas.(3) fn. 33. Hamza (tr.: 35); SKZ (line 25-26); Shahristan: par. 43; Ibn al-Balkhi (tr.: 50f, 55). » #3112 Peter Christensen, The Decline of Iranshahr: Irrigation and Environment in the Middle East, 500 bc–ad 1500, Bloomsbury Publishing Limited, London, 2015 ~ #3112 Peter Christensen, The Decline of Iranshahr: Irrigation and Environment in the Middle East, 500 bc–ad 1500, Bloomsbury Publishing Limited, London, 2015 ~ p. 163 Bendeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.998969 long 53.366998 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bandar Basatin , Bendeh , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Basatin « Bandar Basatin » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} ※ SOURCE for Bendeh « Bendèh » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 Bender 'Abbas Douane : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.1730555555556 long 56.2833333333333 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bender 'Abbas Douane , ※ SOURCE for Bender 'Abbas Douane « Breitenbestimmungen aus astronomischen Beobachtun- gen zwischen Kermån und Bender 'Abbas. Breite Länge Bender 'Abbas, Douane 27 10 23 56 17 (letzteres nach der englischen Admiralitätskarte). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~ p. 351 beni miri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.458935 long 54.044285 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: beni miri , ※ SOURCE for beni miri « il martedi allo spuntar dell'alba facemmo alto in un vallone deserto, dove non era nè anche acqua, se non poca e lon- tana: ed il luogo da certi alberi di ciaclacucci che vi sono, e che in lingua persiana chiamano ben, vien detto beni miri, cioè il ben del mir, per qualche mir noto nel paese che ivi lo dovette piantare, o ne doveva esser padrone.[On Tuesday at dawn we climbed high into a deserted valley, where there was no water, except little and far away: and the place comes from certain ciaclacucci trees that are there, and which in the Persian language they call ben, called beni miri, that is, the good of the mir, for some mir known in the country who had to plant it there, or was supposed to be the owner of it.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ pt. 2 p. 355 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 23.916668 long 35.466667 VARIANT names: Berenice , ※ SOURCE for Berenice owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Berenice, 35.466667, 23.916668, EG, nkn, exact, 26, tmcIRa0100_001a » Berioo : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056062 coordinate: lat 27.2415 long 53.4915 NIMA/GNS names: Berioo , Beriu , Beryu , بریو , VARIANT names: Berioo , Beri-ye Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056063 coordinate: lat 27.6891 long 54.61227 NIMA/GNS names: Bar Bala , Beri-ye Bala , Biri Bala , بری بالا , VARIANT names: Beri-ye Bala , Biri Bala , Piri Bala , ※ SOURCE for Biri Bala « Biri Bala (In ruins) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} ※ SOURCE for Piri Bala « At 13 miles 7 furlongs the road crosses the dry stony bed of a nullah, flow S. to N. The low hills have now cleared away, and the road is passing milway between the range of big hills to N. and S., distant about 600 yards. Advancing another mile the road enters the bed of a water-course, flow eastward, and immediately after passes alongis very stony bank. The channel is about 100 yards broad, dry, and incrusted with salt. From this latter fact the water, when in flood, must apparently be brackish. At 15 miles 5 furlongs we again touch the south bank of this channel, and follow its course along the southern side of a grassy valley devoid of bush or tree. At this point, named "Piri Bala," where the road touches the river, a road branches off to Kaana-Duzd, » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 26 Beri-ye Bala Unidentified abanbar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.672822 long 54.581449 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Beri-ye Bala Unidentified abanbar , ※ SOURCE for Beri-ye Bala Unidentified abanbar [unidentied cross-shaped cistern approx 17m x 17m x 3.8m wide similar to that at « Neben dem Karavanserail ist eine kreuzförmige Zister- ne, durch Oberflächenwasser gespeist, 4 m tief in den Boden eingelassen. Sie mißt außen 21,50 × 21,50 m, jeder Flügel ist 4,20 m breit. Der Bau (Abb. 209) ragt mit seiner Mittelkuppel 3 m hoch über dem Umland auf. [Next to the caravanserail there is a cross-shaped cistern, fed by surface water, sunk 4 m deep into the ground. It measures 21.50 × 21.50 m on the outside, each wing is 4.20 m wide. The building (Fig. 209) rises 3 m high above the surrounding area with its central dome] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 117 -8] « At 15 miles 5 farlongs we again touch the south bank of this channel, and follow its course along the southern side of a grassey valley devoid of bush or tree. At this point, named "Piri Bala," where the road touches the river, a road branches off to Kaana-Duzd » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p.26 Beriz : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056065 coordinate: lat 27.9552 long 54.3321 NIMA/GNS names: Beriz , Bizeh , Tireh , بریز , VARIANT names: Beeres , Behry , Beli , Berez , Beri , Beries , Beris , Beriz , Berre , Berrie , Berry , Bery , Bexim, Bechim , Bieries , Bihri , Biri , Biries , Biriis (Beriẞ) , Biris , Biris or Bizri , Biriz , Briz , Bury , ※ SOURCE for Beeres « and travelled to Beeres, a pretty large Towne, and a spacious Caravan-Sarai, the best I have yet seen on yo Road, except that at Larr. Very bad Water, but plenty of Provisions.August 15.-We rose from Beeres, »#3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 206 ※ SOURCE for Behry « Le caravanserai de Behry a été bâti, il y a cin- quante ans, par la mère d'un gouverneur de Laar, nominé Ahvez bec ou Havez bec (Ahvaz-beyg), et consacré à son nom. [The Behry caravanserai was built fifty years ago by the mother of a governor of Laar, named Ahvez bec or Havez bec (Ahvaz-beyg), and dedicated in her name] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 477 ※ SOURCE for Beli « Partimmo tardi da Benarù il Giovedì ultimo, e per malagevole ſtrada, così di piani, come di peſſime falite ce ſceſe di pietre, arriyammo dopo aver fatte 30. miglia in 11. ore, nel Cafale, e famoſo Karvanſerà di Beli. [We left Benarù late on the last Thursday, and along a difficult road, both flat and rocky, we arrived after having covered 30 miles in 11 hours, in the Cafale, and famous Karvanſerà di Beli.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 271 ※ SOURCE for Berez « MOGU BAY to SHIRAZ 8. BEREZ | 21 | 147 Seven hours. The road is over the open country generally, but a few passes over low ridges are met with. Water is procurable from wells and springs. Camp in an open desert. No supplies. » #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 388 ※ SOURCE for Beri « 15 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ 385 « 14 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 ※ SOURCE for Beries « Den 21. dito op 't vorige uur verreisde hy weder, en quam met den dag in Beries; [On the 21st of the same day, at the previous hour, he set out again, and arrived in Beries that same day;] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273 « Den 29. dito na 6 mylen rydens, in 't dorp Beries. [The 29th ditto after 6 miles drive, in the village of Beries.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Beris « [27th February]. About 5 sett out for Diacoo, 9 farsangs; the 1[st] farsang bad way, the other 2 good till you come to a Radeler house 3 farsangs more very bad way. Went over a great many mountains, goeing up hill and down till come to Beris about 1 in the morning. Beris is a very good caravensaroy and a good village; lay there till morning and went to Discoo, 3 farsangs more; good way, very good caravensaroy and good village. note: Diary of 27 February 1707/8. Beris, Biriz. The Bury of Fryer (II, 198 and n. 1), and the Bibri of Thévenot (Pt. II, 130), who had a similar experience of "very stormy way . up hill and down hill," but found the inn "a fair new built" structure, "one of the loveliest Karavanserays in all Persia." Le Bruyn also (II, 68) praises the inn at "Bieries," and the one in the "large handsome village" of "De-hakoe." » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 43 and 48 ※ SOURCE for Beriz [not to be confused with another Beriz NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056064 coordinate: lat 27.8928 long 54.083 NIMA/GNS names: Bavaz , Beriz , Biriz 25.5kms bearing 254°. PBR] « [margin: 11 of November] On the 11th of November, we left this spot and reached Beriz early in the morning. This was another small town like the one we had left behind, and we spent just one night ther »#2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 317 ※ SOURCE for Berre « (26) Berre [? sic) -6 farsakhs. A place with a fort in ruins. Two ab-anbars on the road. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 notes « And this five and twentieth day at night lodged at a Casal, called Berre. And to the South of the Towne is an old Castle upon an high Mountaine. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 460 ※ SOURCE for Berrie « Here we picht in a prophets lodge lying by the waye side, whose name is Shohzoda [Shahzada], the townes nam is Berrie [Biriz], haueing traveled 5 or 6 lges. Here the water is good. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p. 82 ※ SOURCE for Berry « we mounted our melancholly Mules, and made our next Manzeel at Berry. Nothing was obfervable in the way, fave a huge thick wall, of great length and height, cut by infinite toyle out of the follid rock, to fafeguard the Larians from the Skyrazians, Larr in that place terminating. Berry is a ſmall Village; it promiſes much at diſtance, but when there,deludes the expectation: yet is it famous through the Perfian Territories » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 130 ※ SOURCE for Bery « Bij goeden tret quamen al voormiddagh naer niet min als drie mijlen rijdens in Bery (2), een slegt dorp, maer vrij aansienelijk om de carewansera, weynigh jaren verlede daar door den Lhaersen gouverneur 72 pas- sen in de lengte, 79 dito in de breete, weersijts met een stallingh 10 treden wijt, van binnen een ruym viercant pleyn, rontsom met 24 moeye camerkens en aan de ingangh off in de poorte mede twee affgeslote camerkens, in welker eene den Edele Heer Cunaeus logys nam, [If the weather was good, I arrived early this afternoon, not less than three miles away, in Bery (2), a poor village, but quite significant for the carewansera, some years ago the governor of Lhaersen built it there 72 paces in length, 79 ditto in the width, again with a shed 10 steps away, inside a spacious square square, round with 24 large cafeterias and at the entrance to the gate also two closed cafeterias, in which the Noble Lord Cunaeus took refuge,] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 56 ※ SOURCE for Bexim, Bechim « au quart de l'aube, pour aller nous restaurer dans un autre appelé Bexim.Il est grand, avec de belles maisons, quoiqu'elles soient en torchis. [at quarter to dawn, to go and eat in another called Bexim. It is large, with beautiful houses, although they are made of cob.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 111 ※ SOURCE for Bieries « nous pourfuivimes notre chemin le vingt-fixieme, une heure avant le coucher du foleil, par des montagnes pierreulesde méchans chemins,arrivåmes à une heure du matin au Caravanseras de Bieries dans la plaine, après une traite de 5. licues. C'est un grandbel édifice de pierre, [We continued our journey on the twenty-fifth, an hour before sunset, through stony mountains of steep paths, arriving at one o'clock in the morning at the Caravanseras of Bieries in the plain, after a journey of 5 licues. It is a large beautiful stone building,] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 316 ※ SOURCE for Bihri « we arrived at a great Village called Bihri, where many Palms and Tamarisk-Trees grow: there are ſeveral Ciſerns there, but the water of them is full of Worms, and therefore one must be careful to ſtrain it through a Cloath, We Lodged in a fair new built Kervanʃeray in that Village, this is one of the lovlieſt Kervanʃerays in all Perfia, not only for the ſolidity of the Fabrick, being built of rough Stone and hard Flint, but alſo for its neat Portal, large ſquare Court, many fpacious Rooms, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 130 « Le vingt-sixième, je partis à une heure après minuit, et marchai jusques à neuf heures du matin, en partie dans la plaine et en partie entre les montagnes, dans lesquelles je vis une vieille tour qui était pour garder le passage. Je demeurai à Bihri, petite ville bâtie au coin d'une plaine qui aboutit à une haute montagne. Le carvansera est neuf et bâti assez magnifiquement par la mère d'Aimas, kan de Lar, le grand Cha-Abas ayant pris ce pays-là sur les Guèbres qu'il contraignit de se faire maho- métans. Ce fut dans ce même carvansera que Monsieur Thévenot, l'un des plus illustres voyageurs de notre siècle', se blessa fort dangereu- sement, un de ses pistolets qu'il avait demandés à son valet pour les mettre auprès de lui sur le matelas où il était couché, s'étant malheu- reusement lâché et lui ayant percé la cuisse, de quoi il fut presque en termes de mourir. [On the twenty-sixth, I set out at one o'clock after midnight, and walked until nine o'clock in the morning, partly in the plain and partly between the mountains, in which I saw an old tower which was to guard the passage. I stayed in Bihri, a small town built on the corner of a plain which leads to a high mountain. The carvansera is new and built quite magnificently by the mother of Aimas, kan of Lar, the great Cha-Abas having taken that country from the Guèbres whom he forced to become Mohammedans. It was in this same carvansera that Monsieur Thévenot, one of the most illustrious travelers of our century, seriously injured himself, one of his pistols which he had asked his valet to place near him on the mattress. where he was lying, having unfortunately let go and pierced his thigh, from which he almost died.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ pp. 316-7 ※ SOURCE for Biri « Il venerdi, forse due ore innanzi giorno, avendo camminato sola- mente da due leghe, scaricammo a prender riposo vicino ad un caravanserai che chiamano della campagna di Biri, perchè poco lontano di là sta la villa Biri, abitata [On Friday, perhaps two hours before the day, having walked only two leagues, we unloaded to take a rest near a caravanserai which they call Biri countryside] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 384 « On the 11th we traveled from the 22nd hour until the 2nd hour of the night and lodged in the caravanserai Beriz, bigger than the others, with several little towers around it. The arches inside were open from top to bot tom, and each arch corresponded to a room. There were staircases in the four corners to go up to the terrace.(20) fn. 20. Bembo calls it "Biri." Beriz is 19 km northwest of Lar. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 294 ※ SOURCE for Biries « Den 17. dito reden wy over veel gebergte van kley en key-fteenen, quamen in een ſchoone Valey, en trokken door een groot dorp, Biries genaamd. In 't inkomen zag men een vierkante gemetzelde pilaar laan, zynde ontrent voeten hoog, alwaar voor eenigen tyd een per- zoon levendig is ingemetzeld. Hier ftaat ook een cierlyke Piramide, zynde eeu grafitede, daar onder een ſchoone kapel, met Tapyten belegd, is, in welke ook eenige lampen brandden, en werd daar dagelyks voor de verltorvenen gebeden. Hier is een koftelyke nieuwe Karrawan- fera met veel overdekte water-tankken en putten. Regt voor de Karrawanfera ftaat een uitstekende fchoone verwelfde watertank, zynde wel 100 voeten over 't Kruis, en 300 voeten in 't rond. Dit is een van de opmerkens weerdigite metzelwerken, die ik in Meden Perien heb gezien, hebbende 4 bebe en Konink- lyke ruime poorten of ingangen om water te ſcheppen. Men heeft hier veel begraaf-fteden en eenig geboomte. [On the 17th we rode over many mountains of Kley and Keyfteene, came to a beautiful Valley, and passed through a large village called Biries. In the entrance one saw a square brick pillar avenue, about feet high, where a person was lively bricked in for some time. Here is also a beautiful Pyramid, made of graphite, under which there is a beautiful chapel, covered with Tapytes, in which some lamps were also burning, where prayers were said daily for the deceased. Here is a cool new Karrawanfera with many covered water tanks and wells. In front of the Karrawanfera there is an excellent beautiful arched water tank, about 100 feet above the Cross, and 300 feet around. This is one of the most remarkable stoneworks I have seen in Meden Perien, having 4 bebe and royal spacious gates or entrances for creating water. There are many burial places and some trees here.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 pp. 264-5 ※ SOURCE for Biriis (Beriẞ) « den 18. Dez. 1685 vor Sonnenaufgang bis zu dem großen Dorfe Biriis (Beriẞ) 5 Farsach. [December 18, 1685 before sunrise to the large village of Biriis (Beriẞ) 5 Farsach.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 118 ※ SOURCE for Biris « The fine serai and little hamlet of Biris, with blue domed mosque close by, stands at the edge of a narrow flat; plain, some 10 miles long east and west, and 2 miles broad. »#1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 160 « On découvre le village de Biris, quelque temps avant d'y arriver (1). Un fort situé sur une éminence, regarde l'entrée de la vallée qui se dirige de l'O. à l'E., et qu'ildomine. Les murailles, et quelques tours quiles flanquaient, existent encore. Une ving-taine de familles seulement habitent ce lieu,et donnent au gouverneur de Lår les deuxtiers de leurs récoltes.Biris renferme beaucoup de citernes, un immense caravansérail, et deux mausolées nouvellement construits. fn. 1 Il m'a semble que de Deh-ak-kou à Biris, nous n'avions pas marché autant à l'E., que le marque la carte de d'Anville. [We discover the village of Biris, some time before arriving there (1). A fort located on an eminence, looks at the entrance to the valley which runs from the W. to the E., and which it dominates. The walls, and some towers which flanked them, still exist. Only about twenty families live there, and give the governor of Lår two-thirds of their harvests. Biris contains many cisterns, an immense caravanserai, and two newly built mausoleums. fn. 1 It seemed to me that from Deh-ak-kou to Biris, we had not walked as far to the E., as d'Anville's map shows.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 446-7 ※ SOURCE for Biris or Bizri « Nous traversâmes ensuite une autre montagne et une autre plaine où est situé Biris ou Bizri, petit village ruiné, avec un vaste caravansérail, bâti par Chah-Abbas [We then crossed another mountain and another plain where Biris or Bizri is located, a small ruined village, with a vast caravanserai, built by Shah-Abbas] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 528 ※ SOURCE for Biriz « Biriz has a sarai, shrine, and three cisterns, one of which had an abundance of good water at this time. Firewood and grazing practically nil. Supplies nil. Large open plain for camping ground. Locusts have eaten up all crops in this district. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 192 ※ SOURCE for Briz « Persian text omitted. [When they leave from Dehko, they go to Sharfu, it is six miles away. When they went three farsakhs, they reached the village of Briz. There are several valleys without water on the road. In the village of Briz, there are eight ponds and a fort, and there are not many houses, houses, and wells.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 583 ※ SOURCE for Bury « Hence to Bury (1) metes out Twelve Miles more, where the best Caravan Ser Raw is on all the Road, it being not only well Adorned with White facing Stone, but is both a Large and Convenient, as well as Stately Fabrick. Hard by this is a Peor, or Burying-place of one of their Prophets, being a goodly Monument, with an Arabick School Founded in his Honour, and Endowed with a good Pension for to maintain the Devotion of their Priests. fn. 1 Biris, about 15 miles as the crow flies N.W. of Lar, the Berry of Herbert (130). "I stand at Bihry, a little City seated upon a plain, that borders upon a high mountain. The Inn is new and very mag- nificently built by the mother of Aimas, Kan of Lar, when the great Sha-Abbas took the country from the Gaures, whom he constrain'd to turn Mahumetans" (Tavernier, 252 f.). Hedges (Diary, i, 206) calls it Beeres, and praises the "spacious Caravan-Sarai, the best I have seen on y Road, except that at Larr." » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 198 Berizak river : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3056067 coordinate: lat 26.092657 long 57.183508 NIMA/GNS names: Biriz Rud , Rud-e Berizak , Rudkhaneh-ye Berizak , Rudkhaneh-ye Birizag , Rudkhaneh-ye Birizg , رود بريزك , رودخانه بيريزگ , رودخانه بیریزگ , رودخانۀ بريزك , VARIANT names: Berizak river , Berkeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056070 coordinate: lat 27.969112 long 52.392056 NIMA/GNS names: Barku , Berkeh , Berkeh Abi , Berkow , بركه , بركو , بركو , برکه ابی , VARIANT names: Berkeh , Berku , ※ SOURCE for Berku « From here to the village of Damidan (about two kilometres) is a concentration of building foundations along the river bank. Another kilometre to the east is Berku, where it is said that an ancient caravan route connects with Gori, passing a cistern called AbanbarSafid ("white cistern"). » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 92 Berkeh-e-Seflin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056083 coordinate: lat 26.7589 long 55.2173 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar Suflin , Berkeh-e-Seflin , Berkeh-ye Sofleyn , Berkeh-ye Soflin , Birkeh-ye Soflin , برکه سفلين , VARIANT names: Berkeh-e-Seflin , Bourke-Siffla , ※ SOURCE for Bourke-Siffla « Bourke-Siffla » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 Berkeh-ye Mah Banu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746016 coordinate: lat 27.386788 long 53.098368 NIMA/GNS names: Berkeh-ye Mah Banu , برکه ماه بانو , VARIANT names: Berkeh-ye Mah Banu , Berkeh-ye Now : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056081 coordinate: lat 27.303969 long 55.301788 NIMA/GNS names: Berkeh-ye Now , Berkeh-ye Nuh , Birkeh Nuh , بركۀ نو , بركۀ نوح , برکه نو , VARIANT names: Barke Nu , Berkeh-ye Now , Birkeh Noh , Birkeh Nou , Birkeh Nuh , caravanserais (Rebelo) , Naou , ※ SOURCE for Barke Nu « Persian text omitted. [In Barke Nu, there is a pond and a caravanserai, and it is not a settlement,] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 580 ※ SOURCE for Birkeh Noh « The rate of travelling, when traversing these ravines, decreases to 2 miles 23 furlong- per hour. At 15 miles 3 furlongs the caravanserai and one cistern, of Birkeh Noh, both of which are in good repair, and the latter full of good water. Altinde above sea. 910 feet. There is a large extent of open ground about the caravanserai. To north of this open space the ground is cut up by a network of dry watercourses, and mounds covered with grass and thickets of kanar and other small trees. On all other sides the surface of the valley is much broken by ravines, low gravelly hills » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 31 ※ SOURCE for Birkeh Nou « KM 038 Birkeh Nou (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Birkeh Nuh « Birkeh Nuh » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} « The track follows the bed of the river for some way, emerging at 5½ miles, and crossing numerous small watercourses. All arms can move as far as Birkeh Nüh from the Shür river. At 6 miles the track emerges on to a stony level plateau, from which the Küristan stream, Rasül, and Rūdār rivers take their rise. At 9 miles the caravan- sarai of Birkeh Nüh is reached. Water. From a cistern. Fuel. Scanty. Fodder. Grazing poor.Supplies. Scanty, from Kishi 4 miles to N.-E. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 165 ※ SOURCE for caravanserais (Rebelo) « and left during the first shift of the night, walking until two o'clock in the morning. We rested until late afternoon the next day in one of these caravanserais, where I left my name written on the wall, with many others, Moors and also some Venetians. » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 103 ※ SOURCE for Naou « La route continuait d'être pierreuse; des torrens sans eau la traversaient. Après une heure de marche est une autre citerne dans un lieu nommé Naou. Deux farsengs au-delà est le village de Kechi. [The road continued to be stony; waterless torrents crossed it. After an hour's walk is another cistern in a place called Naou. Two farsengs beyond is the village of Kechi.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 425 Berkeh-ye Zir-e Gardaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3193901 coordinate: lat 27.566667 long 54.933333 NIMA/GNS names: Berkeh-ye Zir-e Gardaneh , Birkeh Zir-i-Gardaneh , Parkeh-ye Zir-e Gardaneh , VARIANT names: Berkeh-ye Zir-e Gardaneh , Bestanoo : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056951 coordinate: lat 27.395 long 52.7791 NIMA/GNS names: Bestanoo , Bostanu , Bustanu , بستانو , بستن , VARIANT names: Bestanoo , Biabanak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055819 coordinate: lat 33.334747 long 55.103553 NIMA/GNS names: Baiazeh , Bayazeh , Bayazeh , Bayaziyeh , Biabanak , بیاضه , VARIANT names: Biabanak , Biabanak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3370818 coordinate: lat 32.1833333 long 64.1833333 NIMA/GNS names: Biabanak , Byabanak , VARIANT names: Biabanak , ※ SOURCE for Biabanak « Biabanak » in {map#1344 in #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ fig. Map of Persia and Afghanistan: General Ferrier's Travels} Bibi Khatun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056208 coordinate: lat 27.85437 long 51.83101 NIMA/GNS names: Bibi Khatun , بی بی خاتون , VARIANT names: Bibi Hatūn , Bibi Khatun , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Bibi Khatun FOR Najiram [Aubin], ※ SOURCE for Bibi Hatūn « L. locates at Bibi Hatūn, near Dayir (site visited by Sir Aurel Stein), the medieval port of Nagiram, an identification which I believe to be correct. »#3141 review: Jean Aubin, K. Lindberg. Voyage dan la sud de l'Iran, Carnet de route d'un médecin à la poursuite du vor de Médine. in Journal asiatique Volumes 244–245, pp. 128-9, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France), 1956 ~ p. 128 ※ SOURCE for Bibi Khatun « The day's short march took us first past a series of curious mesas, composed of strata of clay overlain by calcareous sandstone, so fanta stically undercut and eroded as to suggest action by sea-water at a period not very far distant. This suggestion seemed to accord with the local belief that most of the absolutely flat ground west of Daiyir, stretching away from the present shore to those terraces, was covered by the sea in comparatively recent times. After crossing this poorly cultivated stretch we came, at a distance of about 5 miles from Daiyir, upon a considerable debris area known as Bibi-khatun, from a ziarat marking the supposed burial-place of a holy lady. It extends for fully a mile to the west of a small hillock of calcareous sandstone by the sea-shore, up to a wide khiir or creek. This is apparently still accessible for small boats, and is likely to have afforded shelter to craft on an otherwise exposed stretch of the coast. The site is covered with completely decayed remains from structures built with rough pieces of stone and mortar, just like those of Sirar; and the plentiful fragments of glazed ware, much of it relief-decorated, to be picked up among the ruined low walls, suggested occupation approximately of the same period . Some 6 miles beyond this site we halted near the small village of Betaneh, the name of which local popular etymology derives from biit-kbiineb ('house of idols'). » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 233 « 9. The city of Bibi Khatun. On the road to Taheri from Bushire, and about ten miles to the west of the town of Dayir, are to be seen ruins almost as extensive as those of Siraf. They are marked on the map, but with no explanation. Local rumour has it that they represent a vast city over 2,000 years old. In fact a brief investigation showed that they were of a port of almost identical construction to that at Siraf. Sherds, as at Siraf, abounded on the surface; and they proved to be all, as far as we could see, of 9th and 10th century A.D. date. Chinese wares, white glazed porcelains, Yüeh wares and green glazed stonewares with handles, were common. I did not come across a single Chinese sherd here which need be dated later than 1000 A.D. The Bibi Khatun site is situated on far lower and flatter ground than at Siraf, and has been much more disturbed by erosion and by the action of the local people in clearing small plots for cultivation. » #3009 Alastair Lamb, A visit to Siraf, an ancient port on the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1964 Vol. 37:No. 1 (205):pp. 1-19 ~ p. 15 Bid Khar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056322 coordinate: lat 27.7923 long 52.3503 NIMA/GNS names: Badkhvar , Bid Khar , Bida Khar , Bideh Khvar , Bidkhvar , بادخوار , بيد خر , بيدخوار , بيده خوار , VARIANT names: Bid Khar , Bid Shahr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056347 coordinate: lat 27.983288 long 53.740315 NIMA/GNS names: Bid Shahr , بید شهر , VARIANT names: Bid Shahr , Bidishahr , Bidshahr , Bolgoûn , ※ SOURCE for Bidishahr « Das Tal von Kaure ist recht fruchtbar, und war auch in frühislamischer Zeit besie- delt. Darauf weist ein Tepe mit mittelalterlicher Keramik bei dem Dorf Bidishabr, 11 km westlich von Kaure, hin, neben dem sich ein qadjarisches Imamzade mit fliesen- verkleideter Kuppel erhebt. [The valley of Kaure is quite fertile and was also populated in early Islamic times. This is indicated by a tepe with medieval ceramics near the village of Bidishabr, 11 km west of Kaure, next to which stands a Qajar imamzade with a tile-clad dome.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 191 ※ SOURCE for Bidshahr « 20th March, Bidshahr, 6 farsakh-s ; 6.30 a.m. to 2.30 p.m. Our march to Bidshahr (6) next day took us over the tops of low hills, covered with camel-thorn, which looked not unlike Irish bog and heather under the cloudy sky. ... Under gentle rain we entered Bidshahr, and found it as large as Karyun, and nearly as desolate. Lutf Ali Khan's fort was a tumbledown mud edifice, and our quarters in the mihmankhana were not much better than those of the day before. fn. 6 "Willow-city." There are far more tamarisks than willows in the Bidshahr plain nowadays. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vo. 1 p.123 » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ ※ SOURCE for Bolgoûn « Bolgoûn 8 Farsangs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 vol. 2 p. 491 Bid Sorkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056349 coordinate: lat 34.439131 long 47.758242 NIMA/GNS names: Bid Sorkh , بید سرخ , VARIANT names: Bid Sorkh , Bid-i Surkh , Bidsurkh , ※ SOURCE for Bid-i Surkh « Madharan can be located at Bid-i Surkh, which lies on the eastern slope of a pass and to the south-west of Kangavar. In fact I. Rusta, 167, speaks of the pass of Madharan. The pass of Bid-i Surkh lies halfway between Sahna and Kangavar. On the other hand, according to I. Khurdahbih, 19, Madharan lay on the road branching off from Dukkan to Nihāvand. Bid-i Surkh is a considerable borough and forms a convenient turning-point for the traveller to Nihavand. I do not know wether there is a lake near the pass but beyond it, at some 4 miles' distance, another sarab is shown on modern maps, Madharan cannot be located at Mindar-abad (south of Asadabad), as Tomaschek did in his article, Zur historischen Topographie von Persien, 1883, p. 152. » #3541 Ibn Muhalhil, Vladimir Minorsky, Abu¯-Dulaf Mis?ar ibn Muhalhil's Travels in Iran, Cairo University Press, Cairo, 1955 ~ p. 95 ※ SOURCE for Bidsurkh « At mile 5 the foot of the hills is reached, and at mile 5½ a village called Bidsurkh is passed to the S. of the road. On the N. side of the road there is an excellent spring of clear water-unlimited supply. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 157 Bid Zard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056374 coordinate: lat 29.3852 long 52.6828 NIMA/GNS names: Bid Zard , Bid Zard-e Pa'in , Bid Zard-e Sofla , Bid-i-Zard , بید زرد سفلی , VARIANT names: Bezen , Bid Zard , Bidexard , ※ SOURCE for Bezen « Bezen » in {map#1270 in #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 fig. Carte de la Turquie d'Asie, et de la Perse} ※ SOURCE for Bid Zard « Bidzard » in {map#1180 Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars, , , #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~} ※ SOURCE for Bidexard « Bidexard » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Bida Khar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056322 coordinate: lat 27.7923 long 52.3503 NIMA/GNS names: Badkhvar , Bid Khar , Bida Khar , Bideh Khvar , Bidkhvar , بادخوار , بيد خر , بيدخوار , بيده خوار , VARIANT names: Bid Khavar , Bida Khar , ※ SOURCE for Bid Khavar « Bid Khavar » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 6 : Firuzabad (Jur) - Siraf (3)} Bidak : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3759553 coordinate: lat 29.158973 long 53.413166 NIMA/GNS names: Bidak , بیدک , VARIANT names: Bidak , Bidek , ※ SOURCE for Bidek « En descendant dans la vallée , nous n'y trouvâmes qu'une terre aride , presque sans arbres . A droite et à gauche sont deux caravansérails. Le premier s'appelle Imám-Zadé- Ismaïl ; le second , Bidek. Nous suivons un canal souterrain et découvrons à gauche les décombres de deux villages abandonnés [Going down into the valley, we found only arid land, almost without trees. To the right and left are two caravanserais. The first is called Imám-Zadé-Ismaïl; the second, Bidek. We follow an underground canal and discover on the left the rubble of two abandoned villages] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 344 Bidak caravanserai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.166799 long 53.402636 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Caravanserai in the middle of the forest کاروانسرا میان?جنگل VARIANT names: Bidak caravanserai , Bidakhun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056319 coordinate: lat 27.478849 long 52.667219 NIMA/GNS names: Bid Khoon , Bidakhun , Bidkhun , بيدخون , VARIANT names: Baidheh Khan , Bedicane , Bidakhun , Bidehan , Bidhün , Bidkhoun , Mimand (Fars) , Vidican , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Bidakhun FOR Mimand [Lindberg Aubin], ※ SOURCE for Baidheh Khan see source « Bidkhoun » ※ SOURCE for Bedicane « BEDICANE, vila de-Nome por que João de Barros designa uma vila da costa oriental do golfo Pérsico, sita entre o ras Naband e Bushire, que identifica- mos com a Baidheh Khan da moderna cartografia inglesa, em 27° 28' lat. N. e 52 40' long. E., a nordeste e próximo do ras Naband. [João de Barros-Da Ásia]. [BEDICANE, named village by which João de Barros designates a village on the east coast of the Persian Gulf, located between ras Naband and Bushire, which we identify with the Baidheh Khan of modern English cartography, at 27° 28' lat. N. and 52 40' long. E., to the northeast and near ras Naband. [João de Barros-Da Asia].] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. A-C p. 100 « E dêste Cabo Nabão até vila Reixete, onde entra o rio Rodom, se faz a terra curva à maneira de enseada, na qual distância, em que haverá corenta léguas, estão estas vilas - Bedicane, Chilau, e o Cabo de Verdeitão. [And from this Cabo Nabão to Vila Reixete, where the river Rodom enters, the land curves like an inlet, in which distance, in which there will be a thousand leagues, are these villages - Bedicane, Chilau, and Cabo de Verdeitão.] » #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946, ~ vol. 3 p. 316 ※ SOURCE for Bidehan see source « Bidkhoun » ※ SOURCE for Bidhün « De ce cap Nabao jusqu’à la ville (vila) de Reixete (RaySahr), où se jette le fleuve Rodom (Rudan), la terre se fait courbe à la manière d’une baie, distance qui sera de quarante lieues, sur laquelle sont ces villes (vilas): Bedicane (Bidhün), Chilau (Silaw) et le cap de Verdeitao (Bardistàn) » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 101 ※ SOURCE for Bidkhoun « Arrivé à peut-être 75 mètres au-dessus de Bidkhoun, j'ai la surprise de rencontrer sur une petite plate-forme naturelle quelques hommes avec des chameaux » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 103 « 62. Bidkhoun.Cette localité était connue des navigateurs portugais et son nom a pris bien des aspects différents au cours des siècles: Vedican (Teixeira), villa Bedican (de Barros), Vidican (do Couto et auteurs français du commence-ment du XVIe siècle), Bidehan, Baidheh Khan, Bender Beidkhan, Bidahun, Bidakhun, Baidza Chan (Reiske) etc. (Le Bidahan du Djehan noma semble correspondre à Behbehan.)Berghaus note, d'après la carte de Hurst, une localité à consonance germanique, Nibelhausel, située à l'ouest de l'embouchure de la rivière Nabon. Ce lieu est mentionné aussi par Horsburgh et selon lui Nibelhausel se trouverait sur la rive nord de la rivière, près d'Assalou. A ma connais-sance il n'existe dans cette région aucune localité dont le nom rappelle celui-ci. Peut-être s'agit-il encore d'une corruption de Bidkhoun. [62. Bidkhoun.This locality was known to Portuguese navigators and its name has taken many different aspects over the centuries: Vedican (Teixeira), villa Bedican (de Barros), Vidican (do Couto and French authors of the early 16th century), Bidehan, Baidheh Khan, Bender Beidkhan, Bidahun, Bidakhun, Baidza Chan (Reiske) etc. (The Bidahan of the Djehan noma seems to correspond to Behbehan.)Berghaus notes, according to Hurst's map, a locality with a Germanic consonance, Nibelhausel, located to the west of the mouth of the Nabon River. This place is also mentioned by Horsburgh and according to him Nibelhausel would be on the north bank of the river, near Assalou. To my knowledge there is no locality in this region whose name recalls this one. Perhaps this is yet another corruption of Bidkhoun.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 248 ※ SOURCE for Mimand (Fars) « P. 98-100: L. places the Mimand of the geographical texts on the site of the current Bidhün, where, on the other hand, Néarque must have obtained supplies. »#3141 review: Jean Aubin, K. Lindberg. Voyage dan la sud de l'Iran, Carnet de route d'un médecin à la poursuite du vor de Médine. in Journal asiatique Volumes 244–245, pp. 128-9, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France), 1956 ~ p. 128 ※ SOURCE for Vidican see source « Bidkhoun » Bidala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056271 coordinate: lat 31.582415 long 50.537962 NIMA/GNS names: Bidala , Bideleh , بيدل , بيدله , VARIANT names: Bidala , Bidan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056244 coordinate: lat 31.502635 long 56.16556 NIMA/GNS names: Bidan , Bidan Khvajeh Ra'is , Bidan Khvajeh Ra'is , Bidan-e Khvajeh , Bidan-e Khvajeh Ra'is , بیدان خواجه , بیدان خواجه رئيس , VARIANT names: Bidan , Bidbidak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3056254 coordinate: lat 30.913282 long 52.940551 NIMA/GNS names: Bid Bidar , Bid Bideh , Bidbidak , Mazra`eh-ye Bidbideh , بیدبیدک , مزرعه بیدبیده , VARIANT names: Bidbidak , ※ SOURCE for Bidbidak « The valley gradually widens, and at 10 miles passes a small fort 1½ miles to the right of the road; said to have plenty of water and to be inhabited by Arabs. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 189 Bid-e Payeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056274 coordinate: lat 27.85 long 52.433333 NIMA/GNS names: Bid-e Payeh , Bid-e Payeh Bagh , Bid-e Piyeh , Bid-i-Payeh , بيد پايه , بيد پايه باغ , بيد پيه , VARIANT names: Bid Payeh Bagh , Bid-e Payeh , ※ SOURCE for Bid Payeh Bagh « Bid Payeh Bagh » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 6 : Firuzabad (Jur) - Siraf (3)} Bidi 5 : arch. site OMN UTM: DE369059 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2714517253846 long 56.3680380622276 VARIANT names: Bidi 5 , ※ SOURCE for Bidi 5 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 35 Bid-i Khar (J31) : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 27.793042 long 52.3531 VARIANT names: Bid-i Khar (J31) , Negaristan , ※ SOURCE for Bid-i Khar (J31) According to local tradition, the occupation of the Jam valley was divided into two localities: Baharistan on the north bank of the river, centred on Minareh, and Negaristan on the south bank, centred on Bid-i Khar (Fig. 74: s-x).Minareh (J1) « (b) The Jam valley. The two major sites in the valleyare Minareh (J1) and Bid-i Khar (J31): according to local tradition the ancient cities of Baharistan and Negaristan. Both had glass factories. At Tul-i Khan is a typical Sirafi building: a single long room, generally 4 x 16 m, with semicircular buttresses and entrances along one side (Fig. 70). Such buildings have been found also at God-i Ibrahim and Khaneh Kal. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 94 Bid-i Khar - Negaristan (?) online reference link [accessed 26 Jan 2024] « Bid-i Khar (also called Bod-i Khar) is south of Velayat (Jam) at a distance of about three kilometres, near the foot of the mountains. This is an area of ruins similar to that of Minareh, beginning east of the present gardens and extending over 500 m into the plain. Near the centre is a small building called Tul-i Khan, made of plaster and stone, with semicircular buttresses on the corners. The building measures 7 x 4 m and is preserved to a height of » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 83 ※ SOURCE for Negaristan « (b) The Jam valley. The two major sites in the valleyare Minareh (J1) and Bid-i Khar (J31): according to local tradition the ancient cities of Baharistan and Negaristan. Both had glass factories. At Tul-i Khan is a typical Sirafi building: a single long room, generally 4 x 16 m, with semicircular buttresses and entrances along one side (Fig. 70). Such buildings have been found also at God-i Ibrahim and Khaneh Kal. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 94 Bid-i Khar - Negaristan (?) online reference link [accessed 26 Jan 2024] Bidu Sarhad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3193932 coordinate: lat 27.9776 long 52.272 NIMA/GNS names: Bidu , Bidu Sarhad , بيدو , بيدو سرحد , VARIANT names: Bidu Sarhad , Bifanaj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078221 coordinate: lat 34.61506 long 48.016945 NIMA/GNS names: Bifanaj , Pi Fian , Pifanach , Pifanaj , Pifianeh , پیفانج , پیفانچ , VARIANT names: Bifanaj , Bifuneh , ※ SOURCE for Bifuneh « At mile 10 Bifuneh village is passed about 2 miles to the N.-W. of the road. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 158 Bigdaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054475 coordinate: lat 29.2879 long 52.1384 NIMA/GNS names: Bagdaneh , Bigdaneh , Yekdaneh , بگدانه , VARIANT names: Bigdaneh , Kala Mosko , Kaleh Musku , Qal'eh Musku , ※ SOURCE for Kala Mosko « 7 KALA MOSKO ... Thence by easy descent to Mosko, a small village of 50 houses, and mud fort in bad repair on bank of Jatah river. Considerable rice cultivation. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 133 ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Musku « Kaleh Musku » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 53 ※ SOURCE for Qal'eh Musku « Qal'eh Musku » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Shiraz 444 C Bikhu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056410 coordinate: lat 27.917137 long 55.248706 NIMA/GNS names: Bekhuyeh-ye `Olya , Bekhuyeh-ye Sofla , Benjuyeh , Bikhooyeh , Bikhu , Bikhuyeh , Bikhuyeh-ye `Olya , Bikhuyeh-ye Sofla , Bikuyeh , Qal`eh Bikui , Qal`eh-e Bikubi , Qal`eh-e Biku'i , بیخویه , VARIANT names: Bikhu , Kalai-Bikhou , Kaleh Bikui , ※ SOURCE for Kalai-Bikhou « Kalaï-Bikhou 8 farsengs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 489 ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Bikui « At 4 miles emerge from the hills on to a broad open tract. Miles away to the north three ranges are visible, one be-hind the other, and running east and west. Conspicuous among them and in the third range towers the snow-white peak of the Kuh-I-Sokhtak, at whose foot lies the city of Furg. Road then descends gently over open ground. Soil hard gravel. At 6 miles a steep de-scent of-13° down over a rocky cliff commences, then over a level bar-ren plain until Kaleh Bikui is reached. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 13 Bikhuyeh `Olya : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10390705 coordinate: lat 27.9705 long 53.4696 NIMA/GNS names: Bikhuyeh `Olya , Dasht Bikhvoy , Dasht-e Bikhuy , بیخویه علیا , دشت بیخوی , VARIANT names: Bikhuyeh `Olya , Bil `Ukayrish : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -786558 coordinate: lat 21 long 58.766667 NIMA/GNS names: Bil `Akairish , Bil `Ukayrish , VARIANT names: Bil `Ukayrish , ※ SOURCE for Bil `Ukayrish the site « Bil Ukayrish » in the (map [863] A map showing the Arabian Sea coast from Ras al-Hadd to Bar al-Hikman., Hélène David, 2012, #2647 Vincent Charpentier, Jean-François Berger, Rémy Crassard, Marc Lacaze and Gourguen Davtian, Prehistory and palaeo-geography of the coastal fringes of the Wahiba Sands and Bar al-Hikman, Sultanate of Oman, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2012 vol. 42:pp. 57-78 ~) is approx 8 km heading 49º from these NIMA co-ordinates at 21.048304° 58.826575° Bilabad Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.742242 long 52.901093 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bilabad Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Bilabad Caravanserai « the top of the long foot-slope, facing Nain, stand a few villages, and beyond them is the untenanted caravansarai of Bilabad, near which we breakfasted under mulberry-trees, beside a cool qanat-stream. The ascent to this point from Yazd, though nearly 3000 feet, is so gradual as to be scarcely noticeable. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 2 p. 14 Bilabad Pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3193784 coordinate: lat 32.716667 long 52.816667 NIMA/GNS names: Bilabad Pass , Gardaneh-ye Balabad , Kuh-e Lukaseh , بيل آباد پس , گردنۀ بل آباد , VARIANT names: Bilabad Pass , ※ SOURCE for Bilabad Pass « We now entered the Bilabad pass, which winds in gentle gradients to the crest of the range, amid low rounded hills, and then descends slowly to Tuhdashk on the farther side. The kadkhuda took us in, and gave me a good upper room. I had a capital bathe in the tank of his inmer courtyard, overhung with trellised vines. It is » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 2 p. 14 Bilad As Sur 33 : arch. site OMN UTM: GV 563 950 converted to coordinate: lat 22.54235 long 59.49206 VARIANT names: Bilad As Sur 33 , ※ SOURCE for Bilad As Sur 33 « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 47 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Bilad Bani Bu 'All 31 : arch. site OMN UTM: GV 430 320 converted to coordinate: lat 21.97563 long 59.35329 VARIANT names: Bilad Bani Bu 'All 31 , ※ SOURCE for Bilad Bani Bu 'All 31 « Flint site, cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 46 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Bilad Bani Bu Hasan 32 : arch. site OMN UTM: GV 342 482 converted to coordinate: lat 22.12307 long 59.27046 VARIANT names: Bilad Bani Bu Hasan 32 , ※ SOURCE for Bilad Bani Bu Hasan 32 « Triliths, cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 46 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.52 long 50.0247222 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bilbana , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Bilbana AT Al Qatif lat 26.52 long 50.0247222 [James], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Bilbana AT Al Qatif lat 26.52 long 50.0247222 [Cornwall], ※ SOURCE for Bilbana « Bilbana is a coastal town opposite Tharro. I believe I am not audacious to equate "Tharro" with Tarot. As a consequence, Bilbana would be identified with Qatif. The archaeological evidence, previously discussed, dates both localities to the period which concerns us. » #2968 W. E. James, Anhang: On the Location of Gena in Nachträge - Das christliche Aksum, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 2018 ~ p. 54 « Magindana città 81. . 23.20 Gera città zuza 80. . 23.20 Bilbana città 80. . 24.10 » #2633 Ptolemy ed. M. Geiro Ruscelli, La geografia di Claudio Tolomeo Alessandrino, Appresso Giordano Ziletti, Venetia, 1574, ~ p. 284 « While most of the objects which I found in the ruined city io the west of the walls are medieval in date, it is possible that this was also the site of the ancient city of Bilbana, which Ptolemy locates hereabouts. In my case there can be no doubt at all that in this particular region there have becn settlements of one sort or another for thousands of years. Among the Graeco-Roman geographers Pliny gives the only detailed description of this Arabian littoral: » #773 Cornwall, P. B., Ancient Arabia: Explorations in Hasa, 1940-41, The Geographical Journal, London, 1946 (Jan., Feb.), 108:1-2:28-50 ~ p. 42 « That distance along the coast south-east from the Bay of Kuwayt falls very slightly north of al- Uqayr, with Ptolemy's Bilbana falling in the general area of al-Qatif. » #197 Groom, Nigel, Eastern Arabia in Ptolemy's map, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1986, 16:65-75 ~ p. 68 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.078443 long 57.029996 VARIANT names: Biledi , ※ SOURCE for Biledi Coordinates from GE overlay of Stein’s map {map#1013 Map No. II Parts of the Provinces of Kerman and Gulf coast, , 1931-2, #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~} Bimand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.439638 long 55.465282 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bimand , ※ SOURCE for Bimand « Deprived of its political status and without any large agricultural production in the surrounding enclave (because of the inadequate water supplies), Sirdjan was quickly reduced to secondary importance. In the 14th century it repeatedly suffered wartime devastations, and in 1411 it was destroyed by the Timurid Iskandar b. 'Umar Shaykh, who then deported the survivors to nearby Bimand. At the end of the 18th century a new town, Sa'idabad, was founded 10 km from Old Sirdjan, and eventually this settlement took over the name Sirdjan as well. »#3112 Peter Christensen, The Decline of Iranshahr: Irrigation and Environment in the Middle East, 500 bc–ad 1500, Bloomsbury Publishing Limited, London, 2015 ~ p. 183 « Gur fell to Ibn Amir either before or after the fall of Istakhr. Kariyan, Kazerun, and Siraf were occupied, and Yazdgerd fl ed to Kerman in 650, pursued by a Basran force that froze to death in a snowstorm at Bimand. »#3107 ed. D.T. Potts, The Oxford Handbook of Ancient Iran, Oxford University Press, New York, 2013 ~ p. 214 « The roads from Fars into Kirman converged on Bimand, which, as already said, lay four leagues to the west of Sirjan. From the north-east, one road from Unâs and the Rudhân district came down to Bimand (given by both Istakhri and Mukaddasi); while from Great Sahik to Bimand (and Sirjan) we have two roads, both measured in farsakhs, one by Shahr-i- Babak (given by Ibn Khurdadbih only), and another leading directly across the desert to Bimand, to which there are two alternative routes, one (Ibn Khurdadbih) by Kariyat-al-Milh, 'Salt Village,' the other by Rubat-Pusht-Kham, 'Crook-back Guard-house' (Kudâmah and Istakhri). Further, Mukaddasî gives the road from Niriz (in marches) to Bimand and Sirjân; while both he and Istakhri describe the route from the south-west which came up from Rusták-ar-Rustak in somewhat over four days' march, going direct to Sirjan(2). fn. 2 Ι. Κ. 48, 53. Kud. 195. Ist. 131, 168. Muk. 455, 473. Mst. 201 » .#895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ Bimmah 1 (BMH1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL168457 converted to coordinate: lat 23.0055620409472 long 59.115253829263 VARIANT names: Bimmah 1 (BMH1) , ※ SOURCE for Bimmah 1 (BMH1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Bimmah 2 (BMH2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL203435 converted to coordinate: lat 22.9852427391976 long 59.1490694092542 VARIANT names: Bimmah 2 (BMH2) , ※ SOURCE for Bimmah 2 (BMH2) « Stone structures » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Bint : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056008 coordinate: lat 26.316111 long 59.465278 NIMA/GNS names: Bent , Bint , VARIANT names: Bint , Bir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056441 coordinate: lat 28.9319 long 53.2247 NIMA/GNS names: Bir , بیر , VARIANT names: Bier , Bir , ※ SOURCE for Bier « and on the other side of the stream, the village of Baradjun, entirely surrounded by green foliage. After this place Barajan (Baradjun), via villages named as Charbi, Sendjan, Sagada, Bier, Fesjun and Asmunga, (82) fn. 81 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 111; Thevenot, vol.II, p.127; Stodart, p. 79 (Moozaferie); Valentijn, vol. V, p. 262 (Moesaserie; Mose Faril); Speelman, p. 82 (Mosaffry); Fryer, vol. II, p. 208 (Mussaferry); Hedges, p. 207 (Mussaferee); KA 1793, fol. 998 (Mossa Ferhie); Chardin, vol. VIII, p. 460 (Mouza fari); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 312 (Mossefarie); Carmelites, loc. cit. (Musafiri). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Bir « At 3½ miles Bir on the E. bank of the river. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 Bi'r Bira (BB1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL535028 converted to coordinate: lat 22.6131933466877 long 59.4661041358407 VARIANT names: Bi'r Bira (BB1) , ※ SOURCE for Bi'r Bira (BB1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Bir Sayf 24 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 220 455 converted to coordinate: lat 23.01341 long 58.19052 VARIANT names: Bir Sayf 24 , ※ SOURCE for Bir Sayf 24 « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 46 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Bir Sayf 25a : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 175 451 converted to coordinate: lat 23.01012 long 58.14658 VARIANT names: Bir Sayf 25a , ※ SOURCE for Bir Sayf 25a « Walled hill-fortification, field system » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 46 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Bir Sayf 25b : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 174 455 converted to coordinate: lat 23.01374 long 58.14563 VARIANT names: Bir Sayf 25b , ※ SOURCE for Bir Sayf 25b « Walled hill-fortification, field system » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 46 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Bir Sayf 26 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 171 455 converted to coordinate: lat 23.01376 long 58.14271 VARIANT names: Bir Sayf 26 , ※ SOURCE for Bir Sayf 26 « Settlement site, rectangular structures » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 46 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Bir Sayf 27 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 135 430 converted to coordinate: lat 22.99143 long 58.1074 VARIANT names: Bir Sayf 27 , ※ SOURCE for Bir Sayf 27 « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 46 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Biraq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056026 coordinate: lat 27.66917 long 54.395913 NIMA/GNS names: Barak , Barraq , Berak , Biraq , براک , VARIANT names: Birak , Biraq , Brac , Kanarú , Kenneroen , Piraq , ※ SOURCE for Birak « Birak » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} ※ SOURCE for Biraq « BIRAQ LAT. 27° 41' N. LONG, 540° 26' E A village in Läristan, 34 miles from Lår, on the road to Bandar "Abbas. It contains about 100 small houses, neatly built and plastered with mud. Biraq forms a good halting-place, if it is not desired to enter the town of Lår. A small range of hulls to the south of the village bears the same name. (Butcher, 1888.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 p. 172 ※ SOURCE for Brac « Nous traver- sons un torrent sans eau, sur lequel était une couche de pierre-à-Jésus. Nous ne tardons pas à être au village de Brac. Les environs abondent en oseille sauvage. Un court espace sépare ce village de plusieurs citernes peu dis- tantes aussi l'une de l'autre. Deux autres réser- voirs sont à côté d'un caravansérail. [We cross a torrent without water, on which was a layer of Jesus-stone. We are not long in arriving at the village of Brac. The surroundings abound in wild sorrel. A short space separates this village from several cisterns also not far from each other. Two other reservoirs are next to a caravanserai.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 433 ※ SOURCE for Kanarú « die sich von der Stadt bis fortsetzt 1/4 Farsach, zum Dorfe Kanarú rechts am Weg 1 Far- sach, dann durch eine baumreiche Gegend zum Dorf Tjerg aab 1 Farsach, [which continues from the city to 1/4 Farsach, to the village of Kanarú on the right along the path 1 Farsach, then through a wooded area to the village of Tjerg aab 1 Farsach,] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 121 ※ SOURCE for Kenneroen « Den 16. dito na middernacht vertrokken zynde, quam zyn Ed: met den dag in t dorp Kenneroen; flapte, na wat uytgeruit te hebben, weer te peerd, en wierd, na een weinig rydens, gedurig doar des Hertogs broeder vergezelichapt; [On the 16th, after midnight, having left, his Ed arrived in the village of Kenneroen during the day; after having unpacked a little, he mounted his horse again, and after riding for a short while, was continually accompanied there by the Duke's brother;] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273 ※ SOURCE for Piraq « At 17 miles the village of Piraq is visible, lying 3 miles to the S. of the road. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 171 Biringzar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3193897 coordinate: lat 29.15 long 54.4 NIMA/GNS names: Berenj Zar , Biringzar , VARIANT names: Biringzar , Birinjzar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.900715 long 48.029068 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Berinjar , Birinjzar , ※ SOURCE for Berinjar « BERINJÄR OR BIRINJZAR-Lat. Long Elev. A camping-ground on the Fariab stream, 74 miles from Khuramābād, on the road to Dizfül via the Kiālān pass. (Schindler.) It is 2½ miles from the northern foot of the Pass, 36 miles from Nasrābād. (Bell.) » #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 103 ※ SOURCE for Birinjzar « BERINJÄR OR BIRINJZAR-Lat. Long Elev. A camping-ground on the Fariab stream, 74 miles from Khuramābād, on the road to Dizfül via the Kiālān pass. (Schindler.) It is 2½ miles from the northern foot of the Pass, 36 miles from Nasrābād. (Bell.) » #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 103 Biriz Rud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3056067 coordinate: lat 26.092657 long 57.183508 NIMA/GNS names: Biriz Rud , Rud-e Berizak , Rudkhaneh-ye Berizak , Rudkhaneh-ye Birizag , Rudkhaneh-ye Birizg , رود بريزك , رودخانه بيريزگ , رودخانه بیریزگ , رودخانۀ بريزك , VARIANT names: Biriz Rud , Birizg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056066 coordinate: lat 26.128367 long 57.228141 NIMA/GNS names: Beriz , Berizak , Birizag , Birizg , Birizg-e Bala , Birizg-e Pa'in , Bozorg , Mogh Rahmat , بيريزگ , VARIANT names: Birizg , Birjand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056455 coordinate: lat 32.866277 long 59.221139 NIMA/GNS names: Birdjand , Birjand , بيرجند , VARIANT names: Beerjoon , Birchen , Birgian , Birjand , ※ SOURCE for Beerjoon « Beerjoon » in {map#1344 in #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ fig. Map of Persia and Afghanistan: General Ferrier's Travels} « Beerjoon-2 parasangs a walled town, 1000 houses; population Arab and Persian. 1000 houses surround the fortress. » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 437 ※ SOURCE for Birchen « The 20th, five p. to Birchen, [Berdjan,] where are manufactured great quantities of fine felts, and carpets of camels hair, which are sold at the rates of from two to five abacees the maund. At this place we rested a day. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 215 ※ SOURCE for Birgian « Den 25.reiseten wir von hieraus biß ins Dorff Birgian. Es ist ziemlich groß/und fo Lob-svårdig des guten Wassers wegen/als núßlich umb der vielen Windmühlen halben. Man macht allhier kunsi li theTapezereyen/und die aus den fubtilen Ziegenhaaren unter den Persiern und Türcken gewöhnliche Decken. Diese Ziegenhaare werden billich mit den Biberhaaren verglichen. Es ist alhier auch ein aus der Erden gegra-benes/und auff einem Berge liegendes Caftel/ohnZwei= fel sich gegen der Usbeger feindliche Anfälle zu beschußen. [On the 25th, we traveled from here to the village of Birgian. It is quite large and as valuable because of its abundant water as it is because of its many windmills. Artificial tapestries and the blankets commonly used among the Persians and Turks are made here from the soft goat hair. This goat hair is rightly compared to beaver hair. There is also a castle here, dug out of the earth and situated on a mountain, which can undoubtedly be used to defend against enemy attacks from the Uzbeks.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 66 ※ SOURCE for Birjand « There are said to be some 2500 houses in Birjand, but I doubt that in such assumption the census would show as many as five inhabitants to each house. We were received by a cavalcade, headed by a small boy, a son of the Amir of Káian, sent out on a plea of ill-health of his eldest brother, governor of the town during his father's absence in Sistan. The next morning, however, the invalid himself called upon me, and I returned his call in the "Ark" or citadel the day following. We were detained three days in Birjand for camels. Promises were made and broken as usual. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 76 Birkeh Band-i- 'Ali : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.156925 long 56.141826 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Band Ally , Bandali , Bandalie , Bandally , Bande Aly , Bendali , Bend-Ali , Bendaly , Bendaly , Birkeh Band-i- 'Ali , C. Bandali , K. Bend Ali , Kar Bendali , ※ SOURCE for Band Ally « they returning to Gombroon, and we going on Three Pharsangs that Night to Band Ally (1) fn. 1 Band ’All, “the embankment of ’All,” about 9 miles S.W. of Bandar ’Abbas. “The first night (from Gombroon) we rode to Bandally, sixteene English miles (and most part along the Gulph)” » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 177 ※ SOURCE for Bandali « Een Portugees, Baltasar Borges genaamd, die te Bender Congo, waar de Portugeesche schepen aankomen, de helft van de tollen geniet, heeft hem verteld, dat hij naar Bandali, 3 mijlen van Gamron, wil verhuizen, omdat Bender Congo ongeschikt is. [A Portuguese named Baltasar Borges, who enjoys half the tolls at Bender Congo, where the Portuguese ships arrive, has told him that he wants to move to Bandali, 3 miles from Gamron, because Bender Congo is unsuitable.] » #2780 Rijks geschiedkundige publicatiën Grote serie · Volume 72 Bronnen tot de geschiedenis der Oostindische Compagnie in Perzie, 1611-1638., Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1930, ~ p. 471 « Haben unser Einkehr genommen zu Bandali in einer ganz neue auferbaueten Caravansera, ware Sonns tag/und der 14:October, [We stopped off at Bandali in a brand new caravanserai, it was Sunday and the 14th of October.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 272 « Den 28. dito trokken wy over een zeer moejelyk klippig en kleyagtig ge- bergte, alwaar een ſchoone nieuwe over- dekte Tank op ſtaat, met ſlegt water voorzien; want men alhier 4 a 5 mylen in 't rond ſlegt water heeft. Wy qua- men voorby twee vervalle Karrawanſera's Onefoor genaamd, en floegen ons ter neder tot Bandali, niet weinig verheugd zynde, dat wy nu de Zee weer zagen, alzoo deze plaats op 't gebergte aan ſtrand legt. [On the 28th we crossed a very difficult, rocky and clayey mountain range, where there is a beautiful new covered tank, supplied with fresh water; because there is water 4 to 5 miles around here. We passed two ruined Karrawanſeras called Onefoor, and settled down to Bandali, not a little rejoicing that we now saw the Sea again, as this place lays on the mountain on the beach.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 267 « Den 7. Namiddernacht, ten 4 uuren brak hy op, en quam in de Carrawanfera tot Bandali ten half zeven, [On the 7th midnight, at 4 o'clock, he set out, and arrived at the Carrawanfera at Bandali at half past six,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 272 ※ SOURCE for Bandalie « We continued our journey on the fifth at sunset, and arrived at midnight at the Caravanserai of Bandalie after a journey of 5. » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 319 ※ SOURCE for Bandally « The firſt night (from Gumbroon) wee rode to Bandally, fixteene English miles (and moft part along the gulph) or to compute it in the Perſian tongue, five farfangs and a halfe; a farlang (Pliny calls it a parasang which containes thirty ftades or foure Italian miles) is three of ours, or a Dutch league; in namesonly different. At Band Ally we found a neat Carravansraw or Inne » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 124 ※ SOURCE for Bande Aly « 'sCompagnies saeken op 't hoogste in agtinge gegeven hebbende, heeft Sijn Edele 't affscheyt genomen en met 'tgevolgh wegh gevordert tot 's avont ten negen uyren, dat in de carewansera (1) Bande Aly (2) 2½ mijl van Gamron ende dight aan de strandt gelegen, op de manier van een cruyskerkje in 't midden een achtcante overwulffde plaets gemaekt en seer gerieffelijk voor den reysiger. Van hier geraekte fn. 1 Karavanserai (woordelijk: verblijf, herberg der karavanen).fn. 2 Bend Ali. - Een Bend is een dam in een stroom ter opstuwing van het water voor irrigatie. Dupré (Foy. en Perse, I, 389) 1807, ver- meldt omtrent deze plaats de grafstede van een mohammed. heilige: [Having given the Company's utmost consideration, His Honor took the post and accordingly progressed until nine o'clock in the evening, which was in the carewansera (1) Bande Aly (2) 2½ miles from Gamron and the located close to the beach, in the manner of a Cruys church in the middle an octagonal overwhelmed place created and very comfortable for the visitor. Got from here fn. 1 Caravanserai (literally: residence, inn of caravans). fn. 2 Bend Ali. - A Bend is a dam in a stream to impound water for irrigation. Dupré (Foy. en Perse, I, 389) 1807, mentions the grave of a Mohammed about this place. saint:] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 38 ※ SOURCE for Bendali « : about an hour and a half after, we came to another little covered Kervanferay, called Bendali, which is but an Agatfch from Houni Serikb, and cloſe by the Sea: werefted there two hours, becauſe they would have fired upou us from the Fort of Bender Abaʃʃi, it we had come there in the Night time, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 135 ※ SOURCE for Bend-Ali « L'autre chemin, qui est sur la droite, qui est le seul bon chemin, n'est presque qu'un sable continuel jusqu'au Bander-Abassi, et il se fait d'ordinaire en une journée. On passe deux carvanseras, dont le dernier s'appelle Bend-Ali, bâti au bord de la mer; et c'est où a été enterré Monsieur de Lalain, l'un des deux députés que le Roi avait envoyés en Perse et aux Indes pour l'établissement de la nouvelle compagnie de commerce dans l'Orient. [The other path, which is on the right, which is the only good path, is almost only continuous sand up to Bander-Abassi, and it is usually done in one day. We pass two carvanseras, the last of which is called Bend-Ali, built by the sea; and this is where Monsieur de Lalain was buried, one of the two deputies that the King had sent to Persia and the Indies for the establishment of the new trading company in the Orient.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ pp. 325-6 ※ SOURCE for Bendaly « Les environs de Bendaly (1) sont sablon- neux, remplis de dattiers et de pruniers sauvages. On y voit aussi de-çå et de-là beaucoup de ci- ternes de caravanserais et de tombeaux. fn. 1 Bend A'ly est un käravansérây ouvert de tous côtés pour laisser circuler l'air de la mer, dont il n'est éloigné que de 300 pas. Les habitans, qui végétent dans le plus grand dénument, habitent de misérables cabanes couvertes de feuilles de palmier et montées sur des roues pour pouvoir changer de place quand il leur plaît. Eend A'ly est à cinq lieues de Goûr bazárgaun. Fryer's account of East India and Persia, 230; Voyages de C. Le Bruyn, tom. IV, Pag. 476. (L-s.) [The surroundings of Bendaly (1) are sandy, full of date palms and wild plum trees. We also see here and there many caravan cisterns and tombs. fn. 1 Bend A'ly is a käravansérây open on all sides to let the sea air circulate, from which it is only 300 steps away. The inhabitants, who vegetate in the greatest destitution, live in miserable huts covered with palm leaves and mounted on wheels so that they can change places whenever they please. Eend A'ly is five leagues from Goûr bazárgaun. Fryer's account of East India and Persia, 230; Travels of C. Le Bruyn, tom. IV, Page. 476. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 503 ※ SOURCE for Bendaly « 6th March. Sett out for Bendaly, 4 farsangs, a little hilly way. note: Diary of 6 March 1707/8. Bendaly. Band-i-'Alî. See Fryer, II, 177 and n. 1. Le Bruyn praises the "Caravanserai of Band-Alie" (II, 71): "That building is open on all sides, for the commodious admission of the breezes, which blow from the sea, and are very refreshing; that place being not above 3000 paces distant from the gulf of Persia, which much resembles the main sea." » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 44 and 49-50 ※ SOURCE for Birkeh Band-i- 'Ali « Birkeh Band-i- 'Ali » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Bandar_Abbas G-40C 1942} « At 9 miles pass the ruined caravanserai and cistern of Band-i-'Ali. (No water in March 1907.) The sea lies half a mile to the south. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 27 « Birkeh Band-i- 'Ali » in {map#1242 , , , 'BUNDER ABBAS-PUHAL SURVEY ', '(Sd.) B.W. MAINPRISE, Capt. R.E., Octr. 1913.' [?49r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/316, f 49, in Qatar Digital Library fig. Section No. II Suru to the Rud-i-Kul} « We then pass the cistern and ruined caravanserai of "Band Ali," the former apparently in good repair, and, for 100 yards or so, traverse broken ground, intersected by gullies, amid low hillocks of sand and sun-baked clay. The mounds of sand to south of the road then merge in the general surface, and afford a view of the sea, distant about half a mile, and of the adjacent islands of Hormuz and Kishm. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 37 ※ SOURCE for C. Bandali « Den 7. Namiddernacht, ten 4 uuren Komt te brak hy op, en quam in de Carrawanſera Bandali ten half zeven, tot welke plaats toe zyn Ed: door den koopman van Hairen, en den onder-koopmande Later, uytgelei gedaan wierd, nemende de zelve, daar van zyn Ed. afſcheid. [On the 7th afternoon, at 4 o'clock, he arose and arrived at the Carrawanreta Bandali at half past six, to which place his Ed: by the merchant of Hairen, and the sub-merchant de Later, was carried away, taking the same, there from his Ed. farewell.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 272 ※ SOURCE for K. Bend Ali « ½ Farach nach der Karawanserei Bend Ali (Band Ali). Ist eine neue Sommerkarawanserei, guten Klanges, erhabenen Grundes ins Kreuz gebaut mit einem großen Mittelgewölbe und Seiten-Eiwanen im Kreuz. Zwischen welchen außen in jeder Ecke ein wohlgebautes Kämmenden ist. Nach dem Meeren zu hat sie noch eine Erweiterung bekommen, die in 2 großen, offenen, erhabenen Eiwanen besteht, bequem und kuhl zu logieren. - Ist etwa einen Musketenschuß von dem Golf. [½ Farach to the Bend Ali caravanserai (Band Ali). Is a new summer caravanserai, of good sound, built on a sublime base in the cross with a large central vault and side eggs in the cross. Between which there is a well-built combing end in every corner. After the sea, she got an extension, which consists of 2 large, open, raised eggs, comfortable and cool to stay in. - Is about a musket shot from the Golf.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 125 ※ SOURCE for Kar Bendali « Nach Kar Bendali (Kâr Band-e 'Ali) und weiter nach Bostuun (Bostânu). Unweit davon haben wir unter freiem Himmel bei einem Hirten geschlafen, der uns ein ziemlich gutes Trinkwasser wußte zu spendieren. [To Kar Bendali (Kâr Band-e 'Ali) and further to Bostuun (Bostânu). Not far from there we slept under the open sky with a shepherd who gave us some pretty good drinking water.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 143 Birkeh Burj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.684207 long 54.466765 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: original placing from map Lar G-40A (at coordinate 27.683607, 54.493173) adjusted 1.62 miles heading 272° to this coordinate, 2 miles west of the caravansarai of Tangun. 2 cisterns VARIANT names: Birkeh Burj , ※ SOURCE for Birkeh Burj « Birkeh Burj (2 Cisterns) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} « At 13 nules the two cisterns of Birkeh-i-Burj are passed ½ a mile to the N. of the road; grazing good; fuel scanty; supplies nil. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 171 Birkeh Daraz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.197615 long 55.676014 Supplement: named in google maps as برکه گرو [grove pond] rectangular cistern approx 4 m x 16 m aligned N. S. VARIANT names: Birkeh Daraz , ※ SOURCE for Birkeh Daraz « At 10 miles 2 furlongs, descending, by an abrupt slope, to a level lower, by about 15 feet, than that we had been traversing, we come to a cistern, called "Birkeh Daraz, " in good repair, and full of water. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 33 « At 5½ miles cross a dry ravine, 30 feet wide. The road now crosses a level barren plain. At 6¼ miles pass the cistern of Birkeh Daraz (dry in March in 1907). The road now rises gently to a level fifteen feet higher than before, and crosses a level grassy tract, furrowed by the action of water, this portion of the plain being subject to occasional inundation from hill torrents. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 30 « Birkeh Daraz » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} « Two miles beyond Jangüif track passes Birkeh Darāz, a cistern containing only a small quantity of water. Tank is rectangular and partially roofed over » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 187 Birkeh Mirza : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.142417 long 55.972989 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Birkeh Mirza , Birkeh Mirzai , ※ SOURCE for Birkeh Mirza « Birkeh Mirza (Good Water) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} « This continues to 8 miles, when the cistern of Birkeh Mirza is passed (containing good water in March 1907), distant 200 yards from the steep hills to the south (300 feet high), those to the north being higher. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 28 ※ SOURCE for Birkeh Mirzai « At 10 miles the ground becomes very broken, and the road mounts, for the next 170 yards, by a short, but steep and rugged pass, to a small, open, stony space, in which, at 10 miles 1 furlong, we find a cistern called "Birkeh Mirzai, " full of good water. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 35 Birkeh zir-i Gardeneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.584757 long 54.955638 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Birkeh mal-i Haji Abul Hormuzi , Birkeh zir-i Gardeneh , ※ SOURCE for Birkeh mal-i Haji Abul Hormuzi « At 18 miles 5 furlongs, that is, about 2 furlongs from the foot of Gardeneh Bezan, we pass two cisterns to south of the road, one of which is empty, and the other full of good water. These cisterns are styled, "Birkeh zir-i Gardeneh," and sometimes, "Birkeh mal-i Haji Abul Hormuzi." » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p.27 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.617891 long 57.100321 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Birunat , ※ SOURCE for Birunat « The Persians observed C. R. Boxer now ‘began to cast covetous eyes’ upon Portuguese interests, by degrees ‘filching away’ territory owing allegiance to the King of Hormuz.(10) In 1603 Allah Virdi Khan’s forces took Shamil, Minab and other districts in Birunat (figure 1). (11) fn. 10 Boxer, C R. 1929. Commentaries. London. xxi. fn. 11 Faroughy, Abbas. 1949. Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz. Brussels. 90, n1. » #1698 Faridany, E. K., Signal Defeat: the Portuguese Loss of Comorão in 1614 and its Political and Commercial Consequences at Portugal, The Persian Gulf and Safavid Persia Conference, 8-9 September 2007 The Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, Washington, 2007 ~ p. 2 Bishapour fire temple : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 29.775682 long 51.566217 VARIANT names: Bisapur feuerheiligtumer , Bishapour fire temple , ※ SOURCE for Bisapur feuerheiligtumer « Bišāpūr (331), FärsI Die Ruinen der Sasanidenresidenz Bišāpūr liegen in der Nähe der Straße Širāz-Ahvāz, 136 km nach Širāz und 23 km hinter Kazārūn(332). fn. 331 Der Ort erscheint vielfach auch unter dem Namen Šāpür.fn. 332 Angaben nach Guide bleu, S. 844/45. [Bišāpūr (331), FärsI The ruins of the Sasanian residence Bišāpūr are located near the Širāz-Ahvāz road, 136 km after Širāz and 23 km behind Kazārūn (332). fn. 331 The place often appears under the name Šāpür. fn. 332 Information according to Guide bleu, p. 844/45.] » #3098 Klaus Schippmann, Die iranischen Feuerheiligtümer, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 1971 ~ p. 142 Bisheh Zard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745128 coordinate: lat 28.622004 long 53.916555 NIMA/GNS names: Bisheh Zard , بیشه زرد , VARIANT names: Bisheh Zard , Bishe-zard , ※ SOURCE for Bishe-zard « Bishe-zard » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Bisitan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056492 coordinate: lat 34.3996 long 47.445 NIMA/GNS names: Bisitan , Bisitun , Bisotun , بیستون , VARIANT names: Bisitan , Bisitun , ※ SOURCE for Bisitun « Bisitön is a miserable village of 400 houses with a good water supply from an excellent spring under the Bisitün Rock. The supply is unlimited. It would be a bad halting place in summer as there is no shade. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 155 Bisiyun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013498 coordinate: lat 32.5217 long 52.0313 NIMA/GNS names: Barsiyan , Berseyan , Bersian , Bersiyan , Bisiyun , Bizyun , برسیان , VARIANT names: Bisiyun , Bistagan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013494 coordinate: lat 32.393 long 51.2678 NIMA/GNS names: Bishegan , Bistagan , Bistegan , Bistejan , Bistjan , بیستجان , VARIANT names: Bistagan , bitter well (Seh Chah) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.410285 long 53.818806 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: bitter well (Seh Chah) , Biyaban : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: AREA UFI: 228608 coordinate: lat 26.766667 long 57.566667 NIMA/GNS names: Biyaban , VARIANT names: Biyaban , ※ SOURCE for Biyaban « The Biyaban tract, between Minab and Persian Makran, is mostly sand and clay, suitable only for the grazing of sheep and goats. The exact limits of Persian sovereignty in the south of the empire at this time were vague: the furthest practical limits on the Makran coast were those set by the domain of the Khan of Kalat and the newly acquired possessions of the ruler of Muscat. » #12 Kelly, John Barrett, Britain and the Persian Gulf 1795-1880, Oxford University Press, London, 1968 ~ p. 40 « To westward of these is the Sadaich river or khor, which, like all the others on the coast, is a tidal creek with shallow bar, the ground near the mouth being swampy. The course of this river from the mountains is not known; it is the boundary of the Geh territory, or Makran* proper, the country to the west of it being named Báshakird, a very mountinous district, and little known ; the narrow plain between the coast and the mountains is called Biyaban, and belongs to the chief of Jashak, who is under the Persian government. * On the first range of hills near this river is said to be a pillar, called Malik Chedár, an ancient land-mark on the boundary line of Makran, the words mean King’s pillar. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 196 Bizab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056508 coordinate: lat 28.6427 long 54.4098 NIMA/GNS names: Bizab , Bizdan , بیزدان , VARIANT names: Bizab , Bizdan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056508 coordinate: lat 28.6427 long 54.4098 NIMA/GNS names: Bizab , Bizdan , بیزدان , VARIANT names: Bizdan , Bizhdan , ※ SOURCE for Bizhdan « One of their camps was met on our way down to the stream we had previously passed when proceeding to Dārābgird. We followed this stream down to the walled hamlet of Bizhdan. As before, on our passage here on March 22nd, more painted potsherds and flints were collected on eroded ground above the deep-cut bed of the stream. Our goal from Bizhdan was the wide basin of Khusu to the south, in which the several streams from the Däräb valley unite before passing towards Lāristan. The caravan track to Lar, which we followed on March 30th, led first across partly cultivated ground to a low spur of limestone overlooking the gap in which the Darāb streams make their way to the south. About 2 miles from Bizhdān some painted potsherds and a few worked flints were found scattered on a flat patch of bare clay » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 200 Bizdebode : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.730856 long 51.692229 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Abu Zaydabad , Bizdebode , ※ SOURCE for Bizdebode « The 23th daye at night being dispached we came to Bizdebode [Abū Zaydābād], wher in a cara-vanse [ro] we lodged, hauing traveled 5 lges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 67 Bl Lengeh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5453, 2633 converted to coordinate: lat 26.55 long 54.8833333333333 VARIANT names: Bl Lengeh , ※ SOURCE for Bl Lengeh « Other variants: Bandar-e Lengeh Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Bandar-e Lengeh, is listed and the location of this is given (USBGN: 323). No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Black Castle (Ahmadani Castle) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN independent coordinate: lat 27.78965 long 53.582708 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Black Castle (Ahmadani Castle) , Bohr-e Bagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056541 coordinate: lat 27.8364 long 52.337342 NIMA/GNS names: Bahr , Bohr , Bohr-e Bagh , بهر , بهر , بهر باغ , VARIANT names: Bohr-e Bagh , Bohr-e Hajji Nowshad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3766856 coordinate: lat 27.839874 long 52.326166 NIMA/GNS names: Bohr-e Hajj Nowshad , Bohr-e Hajji Nowshad , بهرِ حاج نوشاد , بهرِ حاجی نوشاد , VARIANT names: Bohr-e Hajji Nowshad , Bohreh Bagh (J32) : arch. site IRN UTM: none NIMA/GNS dataset coordinate: lat 27.8364 long 52.337342 NIMA/GNS names: Bahr , Bohr , Bohr-e Bagh , بهر , بهر , بهر باغ , VARIANT names: Bohreh Bagh (J32) , ※ SOURCE for Bohreh Bagh (J32) « Minareh (J1) is located about one kilometre north of Velayat (Jam), the modern administrative centre of the valley on the banks of a river. The ruins form a long, vaguely defined area of foundations and pottery scatter bordered by Bohreh Hajji Noshod (J2) on the east and Bohreh Bagh (J32) on the west. A low central mound called the "minaret" is in the centre of this area, which is 25 m in diameter and 3.5 m high. Numerous limestone capitals and column bases are said to have been uncovered there, suggesting the presence of a mosque or even a pre-Islamic building. At Bohreh Hajji Noshod, a furnace is said to have existed. Reputedly, it had parallel chambers over 2 m long and 0.5 m wide, with highly fired walls. It may have been a pottery kiln or a glass furnace. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 83 Bohreh Hajji Noshod (J2) : arch. site IRN UTM: none NIMA/GNS dataset coordinate: lat 27.839874 long 52.326166 NIMA/GNS names: Bohr-e Hajj Nowshad , Bohr-e Hajji Nowshad , بهرِ حاج نوشاد , بهرِ حاجی نوشاد , VARIANT names: Bohreh Hajji Noshod (J2) , ※ SOURCE for Bohreh Hajji Noshod (J2) « Minareh (J1) is located about one kilometre north of Velayat (Jam), the modern administrative centre of the valley on the banks of a river. The ruins form a long, vaguely defined area of foundations and pottery scatter bordered by Bohreh Hajji Noshod (J2) on the east and Bohreh Bagh (J32) on the west. A low central mound called the "minaret" is in the centre of this area, which is 25 m in diameter and 3.5 m high. Numerous limestone capitals and column bases are said to have been uncovered there, suggesting the presence of a mosque or even a pre-Islamic building. At Bohreh Hajji Noshod, a furnace is said to have existed. Reputedly, it had parallel chambers over 2 m long and 0.5 m wide, with highly fired walls. It may have been a pottery kiln or a glass furnace. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 83 Bohrus : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.959777 long 44.588578 † basis (approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Bohrus , Boroh , ※ SOURCE for Bohrus « Bohrus » in {map#410 Carte de Perse, Lisle, Guillaume de, 1675-1726; Covens et Mortier, 1742, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 4638.082} ※ SOURCE for Boroh « I came to Mando, eight p. a town belonging to the Turks. The 25th, eight p. to Emomester. The 26th, eight p. to Boroh, passed over a river in a boat, and came that night to Bagdat. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 219 Bojd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056544 coordinate: lat 32.838699 long 59.326873 NIMA/GNS names: Bejed , Bojd , Bojdi , Bozhd , Bujd , بجد , ب?د , VARIANT names: Bojd , Boodj , ※ SOURCE for Boodj « Boodj-5 parasangs-walled village, 300 houses; the inhabitants Persians. » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 437 Bokat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056552 coordinate: lat 29.31082 long 52.88065 NIMA/GNS names: Bokat , بکت , VARIANT names: Bokat , Bukat , ※ SOURCE for Bukat « Bukat » in {map#1192 in #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ fig. Map showing road from Shiraz to Jashk sheet 1} Boluk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056597 coordinate: lat 28.2313 long 57.5129 NIMA/GNS names: Biluk , Bolook , Boluk , Boluk-e Pa`in , بلوک , VARIANT names: Boluk , Buluk , ※ SOURCE for Boluk Times Atlas #888 Matheson, S., Persia. An Archaeological Guide, Faber and Faber Limited, 1979 ~ p.270 #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~ p.176 Bonari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056618 coordinate: lat 29.3032 long 50.9912 NIMA/GNS names: Bonar Kidi , Bonar Qa'ed , Bonar-e Azadegan , Bonar-e Qa'ed , Bonar-e Qayedi , Bonari , Qa'ed , بنار آزادگان , بنار قائد , قائد , VARIANT names: Bonari , Bunnaury , ※ SOURCE for Bunnaury « Bunnaury » in {map#1161 Route of H.M. Mission through Persia on 1809, , , #3070 James Justinian Morier, A Journey Through Persia, Armenia, and Asia Minor, to Constantinople, in the Years 1808 and 1809, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 1812 ~} Bonaruyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055086 coordinate: lat 28.085428 long 54.04744 NIMA/GNS names: Banarooyeh , Banaru""iyeh , Banaru'iyeh , Banaruyeh , Bonaruyeh , Fathabad , بناروئیه , بنارویه , VARIANT names: Banaru , Bannarow , Benarce , Benaro , Benaroe , Benarou , Benarou , Benarroo , Benaru , Benerouw , Benirouio , Binado , Binaru , Bonaroo , Bonaru , Bonaruye , Bonaruyeh , Borun , Bunaru , Bunaruya , Carerow , village river two mills, fort (Rebelo) , ※ SOURCE for Banaru « Banaru » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} « , the karavansaray at the large village of Banaru, where many ruins were situated at the foot of the mountain, came into view. The karavansaray here also had many large cisterns. (102) Banaru, was a pleasant, not very large village, with many palm groves, and there was an old karavansaray called that of Khayrat Khan (Cheirat Chan) after a Persian, who had been an envoy from Golconda. fn. 102 Thevenot, vol. II, p. 129; Stodart, pp. 81-2 (Carerow), which had a därigha. Winninx, 16 July (Bererovio). »#1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 77 ※ SOURCE for Bannarow « Next night wee got to Bannarow. The laft Towne feafted us with Traditions, this with good cheare, muſick, three kettle drummes, and fix dumb Muſquets. The ruines of an ancient Caftle (demoliſht lately by the Perfian) ſhewes its ribs, through which the coole ayre blowes, ſeldome failing from the top of that ſtupendious Mountaine: one ſide of the Caſtle wall is anatomized to the Town, the other to the ſtony Deſart. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 131 ※ SOURCE for Benarce « sijn ontrent den avont ses mijlen van 't dorp Bery in 't dorp Benarce (2) gecomen. Hier heeft men mede in 't hangen ende selff op de toppen van 't ge- bergte 't overgeblevene metselwerk van een casteel en verscheide daerin gebouwde woonhuyskensfn. 2 De Simla kaart spelt Bararu. De hier vermelde overblijfselen wor den ook door andera reizigers beschreven als omvangrijk. [We arrived six miles from the village of Bery to the village of Benarce (2) around the evening. Here, hanging on the tops of the mountains, one also finds the remaining masonry of a castle and several residential houses built in it. fn. 2 The Simla card spells Bararu. The remains mentioned here are also described by other travelers as extensive.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 60 ※ SOURCE for Benaro « Persian text omitted. From Sharfu, the journey to Joym is five farsakhs. When they passed two farsakhs, they reached Benaro. It is from the side of the bean fields, so it is authentic from Qara. It has many caravanserais and many houses. There is a strong castle there, the descendants of Fath Ali Khan Gerashi rule there. » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 583 ※ SOURCE for Benaroe « en floegen ons neder in cen vermakelyk groot dorp, Benaroe genaamd, [and drove us down to a wonderfully large village called Benaroe,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 264 « Den 22. dito vertrok zyn Ed: op het gewoon uur te peerd, en quam ontrent 7 uuren in 't dorp Benaroe, alwaar zyn Ed: weder door den Calenter verwellc- komt wierd. [On the 22nd of the same day his Ed left at the usual hour on horseback, and arrived at the village of Benaroe about 7 o'clock, where his Ed was again welcomed by the Calenter.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273 « Den 28. dito na 4 uuren langs een elendigen modderigen weg (door den regen veroorzaakt) gereden te hebben, in't dorp Benaroe. [On the 28th, after driving for 4 hours along a miserable muddy road (caused by the rain), we arrived in the village of Benaroe.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Benarou « Le vingt-cinquième, je continuai de marcher dans la plaine durant trois heures, et je m'arrêtai à Benarou, petite ville assez bien bâtie au pied d'une haute montagne, sur laquelle on voit encore des restes d'un grand château. Cette ville est frontière de la province de Fars et du royaume de Lar, qui commence à la sortie de Benarou. [On the twenty-fifth, I continued walking in the plain for three hours, and I stopped at Benarou, a small town fairly well built at the foot of a high mountain, on which we can still see the remains of a large castle. This city is on the border of the province of Fars and the kingdom of Lar, which begins at the exit of Benarou. ] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 316 « Ce lieu n'é- tait point le menzil ordinaire des caravanes. Comme il avait beaucoup plu, la terre était humide, le vent très-froid et le temps encore fort incertain: j'insistai pour que nous allassions à Bénârou, gros village avec un caravansérail, à trois farsangs plus loin. Je n'y réussis point sans me facher beaucoup, et j'arrivai le soir à Bénárou, où j'eus beaucoup de peine à trouver une petite place dans le caravansérail. Ce village a de grandes cultures et diverses plantations de palmiers. [This place was not the ordinary menzil of caravans. As it had rained a lot, the ground was damp, the wind very cold and the weather still very uncertain: I insisted that we go to Bénârou, a large village with a caravanserai, three farsangs further on. I did not succeed without getting very upset, and I arrived in the evening at Bénárou, where I had great difficulty finding a small place in the caravanserai. This village has large crops and various palm plantations.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 525 ※ SOURCE for Benarou « 'achevai ina journée à Benarou, ou Benarhou (2), comine on l'écrit, grand village situé sur le pencliant d'une montagne abondante en dattiers, le principal arbre fruitier de ce pays et des autres contrées chaudes et arides, qui sont au-deli. On y trouve un grand nombre de puits, et grand nombre de citernes, toutes grandes: j'en comptai plus de cinquante. fn. 2 Benaroù est situé au pied d'une montagne, sur laquelle se trouvent de nombreuses et vastes ruines d'anciens édifices assez semblables à des forteresses; les habitans passent pour les meilleurs artilleurs de la Perse. Fryer's Account of East India and Persia, pag. 240. Le royaume de Lår commence à la sortie de Benároù, qui est la dernière ville de la province de Färs, suivant Tavernier, tom. 1er, pag. 745, edit in-12 (L.) [I ended my day in Benarou, or Benarhou (2), as it is written, a large village located on the slope of a mountain abundant in date palms, the main fruit tree of this country and other hot and arid regions, which are beyond. There are a large number of wells, and a large number of cisterns, all large: I counted more than fifty. fn. 2 Benarù is located at the foot of a mountain, on which are numerous and vast ruins of ancient buildings quite similar to fortresses; the inhabitants are considered to be the best artillerymen in Persia. Fryer's Account of East India and Persia, p. 240. The kingdom of Lår begins at the exit of Benárù, which is the last town in the province of Färs, according to Tavernier, tom. 1st, p. 745, edit in-12 (L.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol.8 pp. 470-1 « Nous passons au- près de deux caravansérails peu éloignés Pun de l'autre, à côté desquels sont des citernes pleines d'eau. A quelque pas du dernier, le village de Benarou semble s'élever au milieu de beaucoup de décombres. La maison du ke- lonter est environnée de murs flanqués de tours carrées d'une grande hauteur. Ce village, com- posé d'un millier d'habitans, est bâti dans le sud de la vallée, au pied d'une montagne, et dominé par un fort à demi ruiné. On m'a as- suré qu'on avait creusé dans ce fort des puits d'une profondeur extraordinaire. [We pass by two caravanserais not far from each other, beside which are cisterns full of water. A few steps from the last, the village of Benarou seems to rise in the middle of much rubble. The house of the kelonter is surrounded by walls flanked by square towers of great height. This village, composed of a thousand inhabitants, is built in the south of the valley, at the foot of a mountain, and dominated by a half-ruined fort. I was assured that wells of extraordinary depth had been dug in this fort.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 pp. 447-8 ※ SOURCE for Benarroo « August 15. We rose from Beeres, and passing through Benarroo, lay at Bocktearee »#3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol.1 p. 206 ※ SOURCE for Benaru Hill, that is to the right of it, upon which, on the other ſide of the Kervanʃeray, are the ruins of many ſolid Buildings, that reach from the top to the bottom of the Hill, and ſeem to have been ſome confiderable place: » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 pp. 129-30 « Benaru » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} « Bei Regen reist man besser, wenn auch weiter um, nach Bachtiaru (Bachtiyari) 2 Farsach, von dort nach Benaru 1 Farsach. So machte ich ¼ Stunde SSW den Umweg nach Bachtiaru. [If it rains, it is better to travel, although further, to Bakhtiaru (Bachtiyari) 2 Farsach, from there to Benaru 1 Farsach. So I took a detour to Bakhtiaru ¼ hour SSW.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 117 « Fatte 25. miglia in 9.ore per terreno piano, giugnemmo il Mercordi 29. nel Caſale di Benarù. Eravamo pafſſati cinque miglia prima per lo Karvanſerà di Dedomba, vicino un picciolo Caſale; però non vi reſtammo, per non eſſere Manzil, [Having traveled 25 miles in 9 hours over flat terrain, we arrived on Mercordi 29 in the Caſale di Benarù. We were fed up five miles earlier for the Karvanſerà of Dedomba, near a small Caſale; but we did not stay there, so as not to be Manzil,] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 270 « Eine große rechteckige Wallanlage ähnlich der Qal'a-ye Gelli bei Kariyan liegt bei dem Orte Benaru am Fuße eines Berges. Die Umwallung ist langrechteckig, mit einer Seitenlänge von etwa 1 km. Am Berghang liegt ein Tiefbrunnen mit einem Förderturm, von dem eine gemauerte Wasserleitung von beachtlicher Größe in die Wallanlage herab- führt. [A large rectangular rampart similar to the Qal'a-ye Gelli near Kariyan is located near the town of Benaru at the foot of a mountain. The rampart is long and rectangular, with sides measuring about 1 km. On the mountainside there is a deep well with a winding tower, from which a brick water pipe of considerable size leads down into the rampart.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 194 ※ SOURCE for Benerouw « 14 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 385 ※ SOURCE for Benirouio « 16 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 ※ SOURCE for Binado « BINADO, lugar · do ~ Binaru, supomos, em z8° 01' lat. N. e 53° 57' longo R, na . Pérsia. [Afonso de Albuquerque - Cartas de]. . .. . [BINADO, place of ~ Binaru, we suppose, in z8° 01' lat. N. and 53° 57' long. R, in . Persia. [Afonso de Albuquerque - Letters from]. . . . .] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. A-C p. 113 ※ SOURCE for Binaru « BINARU-LAT. 28° 1'; LONG. 53° 56'.A prosperous village on the north slopes of Küh-i-Bināru, on the south edge of an extensive irrigated plain. Population about 1,200; a few palm- trees. Water plentiful from cisterns and irrigation cuts. Supplies plentiful; fuel scarce. It is celebrated for its tobacco. It lies 45 miles north- west of Lär, 135 from Shiraz and 165 from Mughū Bay.Roads diverge in every direction across the open plain, the chief roads being to Bid-Shahr Biriz, Firūzābād and Jüium. On the top of the Küh-i- Binārū is an ancient ruin, named Shah Nishin, connected with a ruined mud fort, at the foot of the hill, by a ruined covered way. The hillside to the north is covered with ruins of houses, all formerly enclosed by a strong, double wall, of which the foundations alone are now visible. In the centre of the ruins are an old cistern and two dry wells, 200 feet deep.- (Ross-Jones-Wilson and Cruikshank, 1907.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~vol. 3 pt. 1 p. 171 ※ SOURCE for Bonaroo « Att 4 sett out the 26th for Bonaroo, 10 farsangs; the first 2 farsangs bad war. Went over a small mountain; at the bottom a fine small spring of good water where supped and went 2 farsangs more to Murall, pretty good way. Arrived 8 at night; lay there in small but good caravensaroy till about 1 in the morning, then sett out for Bonaroo, and farsangs more; good way. Bonaroo, indeferent caravensaroy, but large village, lyes at the foot of severall mountains meeting togather. note: Diary of 26 February 1707/8. Bonaroo. Binarû. See Fryer II, 198 and n. 3. Both Herbert and Thevenot stopped at "Bannarow," "Banarou," but Le Bruyn has no mention of the place. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 42 and 48 ※ SOURCE for Bonaru « The next Munsel we hardly Went, but Crept onward to, through almost impassable and dangerous Precipices, with all the heed imaginable, for a Trip here could not have been retrieved without the loss of our Lives; but by the Divine Providence we came to Bonaru (3), an Eight Cornered Caravan Ser Raw, Eighteen Miles from Bury; there on an Hill are the remains of a regular Fortification, with a suppliment of Outworks on every side fn. 3 Banaru, the Bannarow of Herbert (131): Benarroo of Hedges (Diary, i, 206). It lies on 28 parallel N. Lat. "But this Province [Farsistan] formerly extended no further than Banaroa, two days journey from Lar, before Sha-Abas conquered the Kingdom of Lar, and then the Kingdom of Ormus" Ormus" (Tavernier, 142). Elsewhere (252) he speaks of "Banarou, a little City well built at the foot of a high mountain, upon which appears the remains of a large Castle." » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 198 ※ SOURCE for Bonaruye « where he forced them to found the new town of Bonāruye after first completely demolishing the fortress, though the wall was so strong that it took several days to accomplish this. Great pieces of the foundation were left intact so that the memory of what had been there before would not be lost. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 318 ※ SOURCE for Bonaruyeh « Today we reached Bonāruye, a town somewhat larger than the two we had passed. It lies at the foot of a towering mountain, at the top of which [text blacked out] there stood not long ago a very strong and impregnable fortress that was surrounded by a thick wall made of stone and lime. Its ruins and its impregnable location can now be seen to cover the entire summit. It had a very large square and was spacious enough to defend a large number of people. In the center of the square was an extremely deep cistern. Encircling the wall of this fortress at the highest point of the mountain was the ancient city of Bonāruye, whose population was much larger than the town that is currently located below. »#2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 317 ※ SOURCE for Borun « and at the fourth hour of the night we arrived at a caravanserai named Borun, on a mountain. (21) fn. 21. Borun (Bembo's "Benaru") is 6 km from Beriz. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ pp. 294-5 ※ SOURCE for Bunaru « (25) Bunaru-3 farsakhs. The first place in Lar province: good road. There is a fort in ruins on the summit of amountain pass. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 notes ※ SOURCE for Bunaruya « Bunārūya » in Map 1. The routes from Shiraz to the Gulf via Lår (1638-1706). (After Jacqueline Calmard, Les routes de Chiraz au Golfe Persique.) #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 5 p. 666 ※ SOURCE for Carerow « I further traveled 4 lges. and came over a playne to a towne called Carerow. (1) Being veri late in the night we were forst for to pich in a poore caravansero, and slept in a roome weh was full of assinegoss. (1) fn. 1 This word is crossed out in the MS. The town is obviously Binaru. fn. 1 obs. Asinego (Sp. asnico, dim. of asno) , an ass. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ pp. 81-2 ※ SOURCE for village river two mills, fort (Rebelo) [no place name given - description used for Route 78 stage 009. PBR] « Ayant repris la route de bon matin, nous alla- mes jusqu'à un grand village très plaisant, près d'une autre rivière qui fait tourner deux moulins. L'agglomération est située au bout d'une vaste plaine, au pied d'une montagne escarpée. On y trouve beaucoup de dattes. Elle a un fort // en torchis mais très bien fait, avec deux bastions, et entouré de barbacanes. Dans les terrains avoisinants, nous vimes beaucoup de gazelles, gibier recherché dans la région. [] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 111 Bondasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083763 coordinate: lat 28.2353 long 54.67338 NIMA/GNS names: Bondasht , Boneh Dasht , Bundasht , Shabakeh Bondasht , Shabakeh-ye Bon Dasht , Shabakeh-ye Bondasht , شبکه بن دشت , VARIANT names: Bondasht , ※ SOURCE for Bondasht « 12. Bondasht Road bad for 6 miles, then enter the plain of Yazd-i-khast, celebrated for pasturage, extending 40 miles to the W. and being 60 miles from N. to S. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 59 Boneh Var : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CMP UFI: -3056694 coordinate: lat 32.305926 long 49.318298 NIMA/GNS names: Boned Var-e Baba Ahmadi , Boneh Var , Boneh Var-e Baba Ahmad , Boneh Var-e Baba Ahmadi , بنه وار , بنه وار بابا احمد , VARIANT names: Boneh Var , Bonhwar , ※ SOURCE for Bonhwar « Bonhwar » in {map#1062 in #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846 ~ fig. Map to illustrate Mr Layard's paper on Khuzistan} Boneh-ye Ab Ruzak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3193972 coordinate: lat 28.5 long 55.283333 Supplement: not to be confused with Rustaq 21 kms heading 255° NIMA/GNS names: Boneh-ye Ab Ruzak , Bunneh Ab Ruzak , بنۀ آب روزك , VARIANT names: Boneh-ye Ab Ruzak , Rosak , ※ SOURCE for Boneh-ye Ab Ruzak « small bushes until the 13th mile, when it again ascends over low hills, then descending at 14 miles the Iliat camp of Rustaq is reached.. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 40 ※ SOURCE for Rosak « then descending, at the 14thmile it reaches the Iliyat camp of Rosak. Time, 6 hours 20 minutes. ... Rosak consists of two small camps of black tents, inhabited by Persian Illiyats; in all about 100 tents. Population about 200 men.Donkeys 250, sheep 2,000, goats 4,000. Firewood plentiful, but other supplies wanting.Water plentiful from wells. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 18 Boneh-ye Mordeh Ghaffar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056750 coordinate: lat 31.763922 long 49.749035 NIMA/GNS names: Boneh-ye Mordeh Ghaffar , Boneh-ye Murt Ghaffar , Bunneh Murdah Ghaffar , Moord Ghaffar , Murd-e Ghaffar , مورد غفار , VARIANT names: Boneh-ye Mordeh Ghaffar , Boneh-ye Shur Barik : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10889457 coordinate: lat 31.794705 long 49.699903 NIMA/GNS names: Boneh-ye Shur Barik , بنه شور باریک , VARIANT names: Boneh-ye Shur Barik , Bonjar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056802 coordinate: lat 31.0429 long 61.5684 NIMA/GNS names: Bonjar , بنجار , VARIANT names: Banjar , Bonjar , ※ SOURCE for Banjar « From Banjar in Sistan, where our camp had been pitched for many days, we moved in a northerly course to the Afghan district of Lash Juwain, crossing a dry and for the most part barren tract, scant of villages and population, but interesting in unmistakable evidences of bygone prosperity. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 74 Boochir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057045 coordinate: lat 27.0633 long 53.6173 NIMA/GNS names: Boochir , Buchir , Bushir , بوچير , VARIANT names: Boochir , Butcheer , ※ SOURCE for Butcheer « Butcheer » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Borazjan Caravanserai Bushehr : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.267114 long 51.208258 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Borazjan Caravanserai Bushehr , ※ SOURCE for Borazjan Caravanserai Bushehr online reference link [accessed 29 Oct 2024] Borazjan Moshir-ol-Molk Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.267185 long 51.208403 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Borazjan Moshir-ol-Molk Castle , Borazjun : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056856 coordinate: lat 29.269896 long 51.218803 NIMA/GNS names: Borazdjan , Borazjan , Borazjun , برازجان , برزدجن , VARIANT names: Borasgoon , Borasgoun , Borasgun , Borasjoon , Borauzgoon , Borazjan , Borazjun , Burazjun , ※ SOURCE for Borasgoon « Borasgoon » in {map#1129 Map of Asia Minor Armenia and Koordistan, , 1816, #3020 John Macdonald Kinneir, Journey Through Asia Minor, Armenia, and Koordistan in the Years 1813 and 1814, John Murray, London, 1818 ~} ※ SOURCE for Borasgoun [caravanserai coordinates lat. 29.267250° long 51.208444°. PBR] « By 1876, the caravanserai was ready, so that now Borazjan was described as consisting of “a telegraph-station, a caravansarai, and a village.”(114) … The new caravanserai made quite an impression on European travellers. From afar it stood out as a landmark against the sky, looking like a two-tiered mediaeval castle with lofty and loopholed walls, ramparts, enormous towers and turrets. Everyone considered it to be the finest caravanserai in Iran, and although “it lost much of its impressiveness as one draws nearer,” it was still a magnificent building. On the inside there was “a splendid suite of rooms for the governor or other travelling officials of high rank.”(116) Although a caravanserai, the building was at the same time a stronghold “capable of being utilised as a fort, the reason why locally it was called dezh or fort. High Persian officials passing through Burazjan treat the Sarai as a residence.”(117) Apparently, later some smaller additional caravanserais were constructed in Borazjan. According to a survey by 1896, the town had one large caravanserai and three small ones.(118) fn. 114. Arnold 1877, p. 401. fn. 115. Bradley-Birt 1909, pp. 61-62; Weeks 1896, p. 127; Stack 1882, vol. 1, p. 31. fn. 116. Curzon 1892, vol. 2, p. 226 (with description); Weeks 1896, p. 127; De Vilmorin 1895, pp. 343-44. (with a detailed description and drawing); Bradley-Birt 1909, pp. 61-2; Williams 1907, p. 42; Sadid al-Saltaneh 1362, p. 30; Pirzadeh 1343, vol. 2, p. 413. fn. 117. Lorimer 1915, p. 328; Farrashbandi 1336, vol. 2, p. 224. This caravanserai was used as the headquarters of the fourth battalion of the gendarmerie as of 1913. Akhgar 1366, p. 109. fn. 118. Sadid al-Saltaneh 1362, pp. 30-31 (unless the small ones had already existed prior to 1876, but had been disregarded by Europeans, which seems unlikely). » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ pp. 41-2 « Nous arrivons à Borasgoun, l'un des plus vastes caravânséraï de la Perse, construit en pierres de taille, à une époque encore toute récente. L'aspect engageant de ce monument nous invite à y pénétrer, et même à nous y installer. » #3071 Lacoin de Vilmorin, De Paris à Bombay par la Perse, Firmin-Didot, Paris, 1895 ~ p. 343 ※ SOURCE for Borasgun « Borasgun (39) the 2nd place out of Bushire I reached on 1st May ... Borasgun is very hot, has a good bazaar, the best Caravanserai (44) in Persiabuilt by the Mushir-ud-daulah (45) or Prime minister (now dead) as a charity. It would easily accommodate 1,000 men. fn. 39 Stanley (1895), vol. 2. p. 410: “Borazjûn is inhabited by a most murderous set of people, and is famous in history for being the scene of a battle between the English troops and the Persians, February 8th, 1857. I am not likely to forget the scores of scorpions I saw at this place.” fn. 44 Vilmorin (1895), p. 344: “Although the first floor of thecaravansary was clean and well kept, the same could not be saidof the small rooms on the ground floor which surrounded thecourtyard. The filth some people had left behind was dreadful….The telegraph station was near the caravanserai.” fn. 45 Possibly Mirza Hosein Khan Moshir od-Dowleh Sepahsalar(1828–1881) was the prime minister (sadr-e a’zam) of Naseral-Din Shah Qajar of Iran (Persia) between 1871 and 1873. » #3182 Captain John Compton Pyne, A Journal of Three Months’ Walk in Persia in 1884 by Captain John Compton Pyne: Introduction, Notes and Translation, Amsterdam University Press, 2017 ~ pp. 43-4 ※ SOURCE for Borasjoon « Borasjoon » in {map#1161 Route of H.M. Mission through Persia on 1809, , , #3070 James Justinian Morier, A Journey Through Persia, Armenia, and Asia Minor, to Constantinople, in the Years 1808 and 1809, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 1812 ~} ※ SOURCE for Borauzgoon « Borauzgoon [name of place] | 24 [miles] | Road good, over a plain. At six miles crossed the bed of a dry river, called Kharga, breadth about fifty or sixty feet. At fifteen miles a village on the right of the road. Half a mile before Borauzgoon the road stony. Borausgoon is a large village, sur- rounded with a mud wall, flanked with towers. [remarks] » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ Appendix p. 363 ※ SOURCE for Borazjan « Fourteen years later there was still no caravanserai, for though the road through Borazjan was a major trade route one did not find a caravanserai till one reached Daleki.106 However, there was the ruin of the old caravanserai, for in 1875 Ballantine wrote that there was a caravanserai, but it was totally tumbled down.107 This means that either between 1865 and 1875 a caravanserai had been built, which in that short period had become ruined, which seems highly unlikely, or what is more likely, that it was the ruin of the caravanserai destroyed in 1824. » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 41 « we reached Burazjun at half-past nine at night, hungry and tired. Mr. Arshak, who was there in charge of the telegraph station, received us hospitably, and gave us a good dinner. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 31 ※ SOURCE for Borazjun « Burazjún is a large village, with walls and towers; near it we observed some cultivated land and trees. … During the twenty-ninth, we halted at Burazjún; but foupd it difficult to procure a sufficiency of. Provisions for our numerous party. … Near our camp was the tomb of some modern Imámzádah or Mohammedan saint » #2876 William Ouseley, Travels in Various Countries of the East, More Particularly Persia Vol. 1, Rodwell and Martin, London, 1819, ~ vol. 1 pp. 254 and 257 « At Borazjun for that was the name of the village which lay near the 'fortress' (which turned out a fine caravanserai)-I found the first rest-house of the Indo-European Telegraphs. These rest-houses, primarily intended for the superintendents of the line, are dotted at intervals all the way up the main trade route from Bushire to the Caspian, and the officials are most generous in allowing travellers to make use of them on their journeyings. Sometimes they are detached buildings, sometimes they are specially apportioned parts of the common caravanserai; » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 42 Bord Khun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056860 coordinate: lat 28.0632 long 51.4778 NIMA/GNS names: Bardeh Khan-i-Nau , Bord Khun , Bord Khun-e Now , برد خون , برد خون نو , VARIANT names: Bord Khun , ※ SOURCE for Bord Khun « A 5 heures 20, nous y arrivons. Ce village et ses habitants sont différents de ce que j'avaÎs vu jusqu'ici. La plupart des maisons se trouveur séparées les unes des autres Ct presque mutes sont recouvertes de ces magnifiques nattes de fibre, don t il a déjà été questÎon dans ce récit. Les femmes ont des visages remarquablement frais et beaucoup sont jolies. Cependant, une assez fone proportion des habitantS est ici d'origine nègre. Presque toutes les femmes sont habillées de la même façon: une écharpe noire autour de la tête et une longue blouse rouge écarlate. Le village. qui compte environ 500 âmes, semble assez bien pourvu. II est entou ré de trois côtés de nombreux dattiers. [At 5:20 we arrive there. This village and its inhabitants are different from what I had seen so far. Most of the houses are separate from each other and almost all are covered with those magnificent fiber mats, which have already been mentioned in this story. The women have remarkably fresh faces and many are pretty. However, a fairly large proportion of the inhabitants here are of Negro origin. Almost all the women are dressed in the same way: a black scarf around the head and a long scarlet blouse. The village, which has about 500 souls, seems fairly well provided for. It is surrounded on three sides by numerous date palms.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ pp. 61-2 Bord Khun-e Kohneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056859 coordinate: lat 28.030608 long 51.457511 NIMA/GNS names: Bord Khun-e Kohneh , Bord Khung-e Kohneh , Kahneh , برد خون كهنه , برد خونگ كهنه , كهنه , VARIANT names: Bord Khun-e Kohneh , Borj-e `Ali Jan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056882 coordinate: lat 32.226 long 60.4324 NIMA/GNS names: Borj-e `Ali Jan , Borj-e `Alikhan , Sheykh `Ali , برج عليخان , VARIANT names: Borj-e `Ali Jan , Borj-e Asad Khan : place IRN (diz) NIMA/GNS feature: TOWR UFI: 10044068 coordinate: lat 32.2724 long 49.3223 NIMA/GNS names: Borj-e Asad Khan , برج اسد خان , VARIANT names: Borj-e Asad Khan , Diz Asad Khan , Diz Malakan , Diz of the Angels , ※ SOURCE for Diz Asad Khan « and he has more than once been compelled to seek for safety among the Arab tribes of the plains, or in his celebrated hill-fort or Diz. This remarkable stronghold is about 2 days' journey, or 16 farsakhs, (1) to the N.E. of Shúshter. Diz is the name generally given to a hill-fort or natural stronghold not requiring artificial defences. The mountains of the Bakhtiyárís have several places of this nature; but the most celebrated is that in the possession of Ja'fer Kulí. This Diz is now generally known by the name of Diz Asad Khán, from the father of its present owner, a celebrated chief who generally occupied this strong-hold. Its ancient name was Diz Malá-kán, the plural of Malák, i. e. angel; the Bakhtiyárís pretending that it was delivered by angels into their hands, as no mortal could have mounted up it without supernatural assistance. It has been for eight generations in the possession of the family of Ja'fer Kulí Khán. It originally belonged to the tribe of Móguwí, a chief of whom having captured a chief of the Baïdárwand, confined him in the Diz. fn. 1 About sixty miles. » #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846, ~ p. 16 ※ SOURCE for Diz Malakan « DIZ MALIKAN-Lat. A fort in Lüristan in the Bakhtiari mountains to the north of the Kärün Long. Elev. river, north-east of Shustar, 56 miles. It is a mass of rock, about 3 miles in circumference, which rises out of the centre of a vast basin formed by lofty surrounding hills, and whose perpendicular sides overtop the neighbouring mountains. From the bottom of these cliffs the detritus slopes rapidly to a considerable distance, and even the cliffs themselves cannot be apprcached if this slope be in any way defended. The cliffs are naturally inaccessible. The rock is a conglomerate in which a limestone, abounding with small fossil shells and ammonites, is chielly conspicuous. The summit has only one accessible point, and that can be defended without difficulty, even by one person, when the approaches are not destroyed. The ascent is made by a very long ladder and small steps, or rather holes, cut in the rock. When this ladder is re-moved, all communication with the summit is cut off. The Diz is divided into Upper and Lower. The ascent from the lower to the Upper is equally precipitous and difficult. The Lower Diz consists of a small platform on which there are three springs of water and a few huts. This is the usual residence of the chief. The Upper Diz is without water, except that which may be collected in reservoirs during the winter rains. It contains a few acres of good arable land, which are frequently under cultivation. About 8,000 lbs. of seed may be raised without artificial irrigation. Sheep and goats have been conveyed to the sum-mit, and beasts for the plough, when needed, are raised by ropes. It is not extmordinary that a natural fort of such strength should have defied the regular troops of Persia for centuries. There is little doubt but the summit might be reached by shells and the crops easily de-stroyed. The approach, however, to the Diz from every quarter is exceedingly difficult, and the mountain passes might, if defended with skill and courage, be held against any number of men. The springs in it are not abundant, and are probably incapable of supplying any large body of men. Wheat and other necessaries are always kept in store, and several flocks find pasture on the summit: so precipitous are the cliffs that even the mountain goats cannot descend them. It belongs to the Baidarwand division of the Haft Lang Bakhtiäris. It is also called Diz Azad Khan. (Layard.) » #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 222 Borj-e Madar-e Nader Shah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: TOWR UFI: 10423486 coordinate: lat 27.687331 long 54.336941 NIMA/GNS names: Borj-e Madar-e Nader , Borj-e Madar-e Nader Shah , برج مادر نادر , برج مادر نادر شاه , VARIANT names: Borj-e Madar-e Nader Shah , ※ SOURCE for Borj-e Madar-e Nader Shah txt برج ننه نادر که به آرامگاه مادر نادرشاه هم مشهور است، یک بنای تاریخی مربوط به دوران اسلامی (تیموری و صفوی) است که در کنار یکی از قلعه?های تاریخی شهرستان لارستان به?نام قلعه ا?دهاپیکر واقع شده?است. txt Nene Nader Tower , which is also known as the tomb of Nader Shah's mother , is a historical monument related to the Islamic era ( Timurian and Safavid ), which is located next to one of the historical castles of Larestan city called Ezhdapiker Castle . ... This work was registered in the list of national works on 8/2/1382 with number 10504. in fa.wikipedia online reference link [accessed 12 Feb 2024] Borj-e Mil-e Naqqareh Khaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: TOWR UFI: 10801670 coordinate: lat 28.43193 long 54.389196 NIMA/GNS names: Borj-e Mil-e Naqqareh Khaneh , برج میل نقاره خانه , VARIANT names: Borj-e Mil-e Naqqareh Khaneh , Borm : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.534081 long 52.702419 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Borm , ※ SOURCE for Borm « Borm » in {map#1217 in #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ fig. 14. Carte. Trajet de Bord-Khoun à Dar ol-Mizan.} « On m'avait bien déjà parlé de la splendeur des pavots de Perse et pourtant, en voyant maintenant le rouge si intense et si chaud de ces fleurs élégantes, telles que je ne les ai jamais vues ailleurs, je fus plus saisi que je ne le croyais possible. Ce lieu s'appelle Borm (67, p. 250); il est inhabité, mais sert de campement aux Beloutches (nom donné à tous les nomades) pendant la saison chaude. L'adjoint et les autres SOnt là. Ils m'attendent allongés dans l'herbe et les bêtes broutent avec un plaisir évident. [I had already been told about the splendor of the Persian poppies and yet, seeing now the red so intense and so warm of these elegant flowers, such that I having never seen them elsewhere, I was more struck than I thought possible. This place is called Borm (67, p. 250); it is uninhabited, but serves as camp at Beloutches (name given to all nomads) during the hot season. The deputy and the others ARE there. They are waiting for me lying in the grass and the animals are grazing with obvious pleasure.] »#3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 106 Borujerd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056917 coordinate: lat 33.8973 long 48.7516 NIMA/GNS names: Borujerd , Burujird , بروجرد , بوروجيرد , VARIANT names: Borujerd , Burujird , ※ SOURCE for Burujird « The northern route keeps to the foothills bordering the Burujird-Nehavend plain and crosses a pass to the north-east end of the Khava plain at Falakadin. » #1184 Harrison, J. V., South West Persia: A Survey of Pish-I-Kuh In Luristan, The Geographical Journal, London, 1946 (Jul-Sep), 108:1/3:55-70 ~ p. 69 Borzakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056927 coordinate: lat 29.1362 long 52.5421 NIMA/GNS names: Borzakan , Borzekan , برزکان , VARIANT names: Borzakan , Burazkän/Buräzkän , ※ SOURCE for Burazkän/Buräzkän « Khanifaqan/Khanifgan と同一地?であること に??いなく、そこはTang-i Mokの?くに??する村?。その?西?りに Burazkän/Buräzkän 村がある。 [It is undoubtedly the same place name as Khanifaqan/Khanifgan, a village located near Tang-i Mok, with Burazkän/Buräzkän village to the northwest.] » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ p. 37 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 16.950217 long 53.967371 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Bosara , Boseude , Coseude , Kosara , Koseude , Masora , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Bosara AT Raysut lat 16.950217 long 53.967371 [Spenger], ※ SOURCE for Bosara « D2 | Bosara | R | Biyasara? Medieval inhabitants of Raisut according to al-Hamdani OMN | von Wissmann 1977, 14 » in #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ Map 4 Arabia-Azania directory p. 45 « Unlocated Toponyms - Bosara/Boseude/Kosara/Koseude - Roman - Sprenger 1875.129 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory MAP 4 ARABIA-AZANIA p. 51 [The above note does not specify a modern location and the location of Bosara shown in Map 4 Arabia-Azania puts it some 22 km. west of Raysut at Mughsayl. Under « Unlocated Toponyms Bosara/Boseude/Kosara/Koseude - R - [no Probable Location] - Sprenger 1875.129 » in #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ Map 4 Arabia-Azania directory p. 51, is also vague particularly as Sprenger associates these to Raysût. Κωσεύδη πόλις = Kosseidi city « 129. Κωσεύδη πόλις, 91° 0', 20° 0' (W.B.C.; Κωσαρα, Βωσευδή, Bacapa V.; Tóλs absent in A. VADMS. Int.). Ptolemæns relocated this city about a degree NE of the Didymi montes, which in his opinion amounts to 500 stades, and its position therefore agrees with that of the port at Sahalitis, which the Periplus erroneously calls Mosha. It corresponds to Raysût, the spacious and secure port of Tzafaria. Since the initial K and B are written, we may well read Roseyde and derive the name from Raysut; but if Koseyde is the correct reading, we are tempted to associate it with the folk name Qodha'a (cf. $$ 398ff.). Now Raysût is desolate, but on the extremest promontory Carter discovered the ruins of a castle, and farther inland tombs, covering three acres of land. Fresh water can be found near the harbor, and not far away the frankincense and bdellium palms grow. Hd. 92 says: On this coast halfway between 'Oman and Adan lies Raysût. It is a hoard like a castell, and a castell has also been built on a mountain. It is surrounded by the sea except on one side where it is connected to the mainland. If one goes (coming from the west) towards 'Omån, the road leads via Raysût, and one can go in, or, leaving it on the right, travel past; for the crossroads, where the way branching off to Raysût separates from the 'Oman road, is a mile distant from the city. The inhabitants are Azdites, namely Banu Hadyd (which is an Azd tribe). » #1332 Sprenger, A., Die alte Geographie Arabiens, Commissionsverlag Von Huber als Comp; Meridian Publising Co., Bern; Amsterdam, 1875;1966 ~ pp. 94-5 « BOSARA (Βώσαρα), a town of the Sachalitae (Ptol. 6.7), at the south-east of Arabia, near the Didymi Montes. [See BASA] Forster finds it in Masora, a little to the south of Ras-el-Had. (Arabia, vol. ii. p. 182.) » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1872 ~ vol. 1 p. 421 « In assigning an etymology to Bussorah, Dr. Vincent says, Basra, Bozra, and Bosara, is a name applicable to any town in the Desert, as it signifies rough or stony ground ; and thus we have a Bosara in Ptolemy near Muskat … since that town is really seated on rough and stony ground, and so probably was the Bosara of Ptolemy near Muskat, judging from the general character of the country there. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971 ~ p. 368 « Ptolemy's Bosara, lastly, tallies so closely in name with Masora, the last sea-port west of Rasal- Hhad, that the apparent difference of site may fairly be accounted for, by the wrong drawing of the coast … » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Duncan and Malcolm; Darf Publishers Limited, 1846; 1984 ~ p. 182 « The next place mentioned by Ptolemy, viz. Bosara, may have been Sur, because it is said to have been a city, and there is no other locality hereabouts which possesses the advantages of Sur in point of position, both for such external and internal commerce as this part of Arabia could command. There has most probably always been a town where Sur now is, because there is no other place just here, where there could be one so advantageously situated. » #2662 Henry John CARTER, Art. VI. A Geographical Description of Certain Parts of the Southeast Coast of Arabia, to which is appended a short essay on the comparative geography of the whole of this coast., Reprinted from the Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1851 ~ p.91 « An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 4 D2 Bosara, Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 17.5, 52.5 » D.T. Potts, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Bosara: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2019 online reference link [accessed 13 Mar 2023] ※ SOURCE for Boseude « Unlocated Toponyms | Bosara/Boseude/Kosara/Koseude | Roman | Sprenger 1875.129 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory MAP 4 ARABIA-AZANIA p. 51 ※ SOURCE for Coseude « Coseude » appears in text relating to Ptolemys Book 6, Chaper VIII and only on maps illustrating Ptolemy’s geography such as « COSEVDA » in {map#840 Sexta Asiae Tabula, Ptolemaeus, Claudius, 1478, ref56 map2} in #56 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in early maps: a bibliography of maps covering the peninsula of Arabia printed in western Europe from the invention of printing to the year 1751, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1978 ~ map 2. « Coseude ah as Bojara. » in {map#846 Asiae Tabula VI: Arabiam Felicem, Carmaniam Ac Sinum Persicum, Ptolemy, 1578, } « Bosara vel Coseude civit. » #2703 P.-F.-J. Gossellin, Recherches sur la géographie systématique et positive des anciens. Tome 3 / ; pour servir de base à l'histoire de la géographie ancienne., Impr. de la République, 1798-1813 ~ vol. 3 p. 46 « Cofeuda, altrimenti Bofara » in #2629 Claudius Ptolemaeus ed.Girolamo Ruscelli, Giuseppe Rosaccio, Geografia Di Clavdio Tolomeo Alessandrino, Tradotta di Greco nell'Idioma Volgare Italiano Da Girolamo Rvscelli, Et hora nuouamente ampliata Da Gioseffo Rosaccio ... Et vna Geografia vniuersale del medesimo, seperata da quella di Tolomeo ... Et vna breue Descrittione di tutta la Terra, distinta in quattro Libri …, Appresso gli Heredi di Melchior Sessa, 1599 ~ p. 138 « Coseude town » #2452 Claudius Ptolemy Translated And Edited By Edward Luther Stevenson, Claudius Ptolemy The Geography, Dover Publications, New York, 1932:1991 ~ p.138 « And from there you can see the Monts Didimes, from which is made the promontory which is now called Cap de deux pointes, and this whole coast is very deserted, having no town along it from Materqua to Cuoua, the space of more than sixty leagues, during which you pass the Cap des lslettes, and the Cap de Matraca, the Isle Masira, and others without name, in which those who run their fortune in this country must often rest. It is true that once under the object of Mazira was the city of Coseude, and a place called the Vaticine or the prediction of Diana, then there was the city of Abissaga, but all that is in ruins » #2249 Sebastian Münster, François de Belleforest, La cosmographie universelle de tout le monde, chez Michel Sonnius, Paris, 1575 ~ col. 1169 « The term Coseude Polis found on examples of Ptolemy's map is interpreted as a mistake in copying by ancient scribes. Sprenger correctly identified the term as Roseude (Roseyde), modern Raysut. » #2668 Lynne S. Newton and Juris Zarins, Dhofar through the ages An Ecological, Archaeological and Historical Landscape, Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, Oxford, 2019 ~ p.31 ※ SOURCE for Kosara « Unlocated Toponyms | Bosara/Boseude/Kosara/Koseude | Roman | Sprenger 1875.129 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory MAP 4 ARABIA-AZANIA p. 51 ※ SOURCE for Koseude « Unlocated Toponyms | Bosara/Boseude/Kosara/Koseude | Roman | Sprenger 1875.129 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory MAP 4 ARABIA-AZANIA p. 51 Κωσεύδη πόλις = Kosseidi city « 129. Κωσεύδη πόλις, 91° 0', 20° 0' (W.B.C.; Κωσαρα, Βωσευδή, Bacapa V.; Tóλs absent in A. VADMS. Int.). Ptolemæns relocated this city about a degree NE of the Didymi montes, which in his opinion amounts to 500 stades, and its position therefore agrees with that of the port at Sahalitis, which the Periplus erroneously calls Mosha. It corresponds to Raysût, the spacious and secure port of Tzafaria. Since the initial K and B are written, we may well read Roseyde and derive the name from Raysut; but if Koseyde is the correct reading, we are tempted to associate it with the folk name Qodha'a (cf. $$ 398ff.). Now Raysût is desolate, but on the extremest promontory Carter discovered the ruins of a castle, and farther inland tombs, covering three acres of land. Fresh water can be found near the harbor, and not far away the frankincense and bdellium palms grow. Hd. 92 says: On this coast halfway between 'Oman and Adan lies Raysût. It is a hoard like a castell, and a castell has also been built on a mountain. It is surrounded by the sea except on one side where it is connected to the mainland. If one goes (coming from the west) towards 'Omån, the road leads via Raysût, and one can go in, or, leaving it on the right, travel past; for the crossroads, where the way branching off to Raysût separates from the 'Oman road, is a mile distant from the city. The inhabitants are Azdites, namely Banu Hadyd (which is an Azd tribe). » #1332 Sprenger, A., Die alte Geographie Arabiens, Commissionsverlag Von Huber als Comp; Meridian Publising Co., Bern; Amsterdam, 1875;1966 ~ pp. 94-5 ※ SOURCE for Masora « MASORA (Basora), a port of Arabia Felix, near Corodamum prom. s.w. Mizi. » #682 Hazlitt, William, The Classical Gazetteer, A Dictionary of Ancient Sites, Senate, London, 1851 ~ p. 219 « Masora R. » in map #2676 Andrew Crichton, History of Arabia and its people, T. Nelson and Sons, London, 1852 ~ after p. xvi « The general aspect of this country is that of a vast soli tude, interspersed with numerous oases and fertile valleys, watered by four principal streams - two of which, the Masora and the Fel-Hadj , flow perennially ; the others , at Muscat and Sohar, only during the rainy season. » #2690 Col. Louis Du Couret, Life in the Desert or, Recollections of Travel in Asia and Africa, Mason Brothers, New York, 1860 ~ p.462 « and, some way below them, the river Masora, or Moiesur, certainly corresponds with his flumen Mysecros. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Duncan and Malcolm; Darf Publishers Limited, 1846; 1984 ~ p.230 « MASORA (Basora), a port of Arabia Felix, near Corodamum prom. s.w. Mizi. » p. 219 « MIZl, the people of Masora, Arabiz. » p. 230 « MYSECROS (Masora) fl., a r. of the Omanitæ, Arabia Felix, falling into the sea bet. Acilla and Daminia. Moiesar. » p. 235 #682 Hazlitt, William, The Classical Gazetteer, A Dictionary of Ancient Sites, Whittaker and Co., 1851 ~ « BOSARA (Βώσαρα), a town of the Sachalitae (Ptol. 6.7), at the south-east of Arabia, near the Didymi Montes. [See BASA] Forster finds it in Masora, a little to the south of Ras-el-Had. (Arabia, vol. ii. p. 182.) » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1872 ~ vol. 1 p. 421 Boskabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056937 coordinate: lat 34.03052 long 58.72192 NIMA/GNS names: Besk Abad , Boskabad , Saqabad , Sukabad , بسکاباد , VARIANT names: Boskabad , Bostaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056947 coordinate: lat 26.511366 long 54.654216 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Bostaneh , Bostaneh , بستانه , بندر بستانه , VARIANT names: Bistana , Bistoun , Bostana , Bostaneh , ※ SOURCE for Bistana « Bistana » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} ※ SOURCE for Bistoun « Bistoûn » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Bostana « Bostana » in {map#1320 'tracing showing the route and coast line from Mogoo bay to the town of Bunder Abbas. (vide report no. 6 of 1864)' [?236a] (1/2) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, ST 393, vol 17, p 236a, in Qatar Digital Library, , 1864, } ※ SOURCE for Bostaneh « Passing the villages of Bostaneh and Mughu, which latter used to be one of the stations of the East Indian Squadron, » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 24 Boussef : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.037005 long 48.892954 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location not known, no references found, based on farengs in Dupré, Voyage en Perse VARIANT names: Boussef , ※ SOURCE for Boussef « Boussef » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 Boveyrat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056965 coordinate: lat 29.9775 long 50.2254 NIMA/GNS names: Boveyrat , Bovirat , بويرات , VARIANT names: Boveyrat , Mahmade , Mamhade , ※ SOURCE for Mahmade « We passed through a range of low hills about 15 miles to Hissar, a collection of six or seven villages; the road is good, and the wells here also afford good water. Fire miles farther is Mahmade, then six to Bunder Delim, » #1334 Monteith, William, Notes on the Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, etc., Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857, 27:108-19 ~ ※ SOURCE for Mamhade « Bunder Delum ..... [names of places] | 11 [distance] | Miserable fishing town . Half-way pass through Mamhade, a village : water tolerably good, supplied by upwards of twenty wells one mile from the town. [remarks] » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ p. 456 » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ p. 456 « Mamhade » in {map#1129 Map of Asia Minor Armenia and Koordistan, , 1816, #3020 John Macdonald Kinneir, Journey Through Asia Minor, Armenia, and Koordistan in the Years 1813 and 1814, John Murray, London, 1818 ~} Bowrneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194003 coordinate: lat 27.683333 long 53.033333 NIMA/GNS names: Bowrneh , Burneh , بورنه , VARIANT names: Bowrneh , Burneh , ※ SOURCE for Burneh « At 4 miles we pass the village and fort of Burneh, containing about 30 houses of mud and stone, besides gardens and a large irrigation well. The fort has a high tower or castle at one end. Inhabitants, roughly estimated, about 200. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 18 « At 4 miles we pass the village and fort of Burneh, containing about 30 houses of mud and stone, besides a garden and a large irrigation well. The fort has a high tower or castle at one end. Inhabitants, about 200. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 97 brick bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.473879 long 47.923688 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: 5 arch bridge , brick bridge , ※ SOURCE for 5 arch bridge « De l'autre côté de la montagne on découvre un village, qu'on laisse sur la droite. Nous sui-vons entre deux collines un grand vallon, où se trouve un hameau Nous traversons un pont de cinq arches, auquel fait suite un autre de treize. La mère de Feth Ali Chah les fit construire à son retour d'un pélérinage à Imân-Moussa, près de Bagdad. Sous ces ponts coule une rivière appelée Kiemonter-dèrè, qui prend sa source dans les montagnes au N. E. d'Hamadan, et va se joindre au Gaoumazo. [On the other side of the mountain we discover a village, which we leave on the right. We follow between two hills a large valley, where there is a hamlet. We cross a bridge of five arches, which is followed by another of thirteen. Feth Ali Shah's mother had them built on her return from a pilgrimage to Imân-Moussa, near Baghdad. Under these bridges flows a river called Kiemonter-dèrè, which rises in the mountains to the NE of Hamadan, and joins the Gaoumazo.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol.1 p. 253 ※ SOURCE for brick bridge « At mile 16 a small river known as the Kabutar Länä is crossed by a fine five-arched briek bridge in good repair, and fit for L. A. M. cars and heavy lorrios. The roadway is 4 yards wide. On 28th March 1918 this river was 5 yards wide, shallow and spanned by two of the five arches. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 157 brick bridge : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none UFI: 999 coordinate: lat 32.8094 long 48.064796 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: brick bridge , ※ SOURCE for brick bridge « 41 Cross the Ab-i-Zal. The rivor flows in a ravine 60 ft. deep the drop of the banks to the stream is another 30 ft. The approaches on either side are stony and bad. There is a brick bridge of 20 ft. span in need of repair, the position of which is indicated by two stone and gyp-sum pillars on either side. The fords above and below the bridge are difficult. The remains of several bridges are to be seen in the neighbourhood. » #3521 A Handbook of Mesopotamia, Volume II, Irak, The Lower Kārūn, and Luristan, Admiralty and War Office, London, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 263 brick bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.888484 long 48.30708 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: brick bridge , ※ SOURCE for brick bridge « At about mile 17 there is a brick bridge suitable for L. A. M. cars and motor lorries. Beyond the bridge there is a stiff slope of 200 yards, difficult for loaded Ford vans. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 159 bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.531858 long 50.332436 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: bridge , ※ SOURCE for bridge « At 21¾ miles the Rüd-i-Qum is crossed by a masonry and brick bridge, four arches, roadway 12 feet wide, in good repair. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 237 bridge : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none coordinate: lat 28.592762 long 54.37707 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: bridge , ※ SOURCE for bridge « To the west of the ramparts of Darabgerd a road crosses the plain in a north-south direction. At the southern end, it crosses a small river in front of the mountains. Here there is an old, perhaps Sasanian bridge. » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 196 Bridge north of Latidan bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.201287 long 55.766957 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bridge north of Latidan bridge , British Consulate and Telegraph Office : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.622433 long 52.534643 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: British Consulate and Telegraph Office , ※ SOURCE for British Consulate and Telegraph Office « British Consulate and Telegraph Office » in {map#1273 in REPORTS ON MINOR OPERATONS IN SOUTH PERSIA UNDER Brigadier-General Sir P. M. Sykes, K.C.I.E, C.M.G., from May to July 1918. GENERAL STAFF INDIA' [?23r] (53/194), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/30, in Qatar Digital Library fig. Plan of Neighbourhood Shiraz 1918} British Consulate Bandar Abbas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.19017 long 56.293792 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: British Consulate Bandar Abbas , ※ SOURCE for British Consulate Bandar Abbas « drawing » Plans in the Persian Gulf, Bandar Abbas f 474 1, Hanjam Sound f 474 2, Shivuh f 474 3 British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/1095, f 474 1, in Qatar Digital Library Broach : place IND NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2091410 coordinate: lat 21.7 long 72.9666667 NIMA/GNS names: Baroach , Bharoch , Bharuch , Broach , Vejalpore , VARIANT names: Barygaza , Broach , ※ SOURCE for Barygaza owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Barygaza, 72.967, 21.7, IN, nkn, exact, 36, tmcIRa0100_024a » co-ordinates do not quite agree NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.8586 long 56.0067 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Bruht , Brukth , Guša , Urukth , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Bruht AT Kusha lat 26.8586 long 56.0067 [Aubin, Curzon], ※ SOURCE for Bruht « Qishm, à sa pointe orientale, n'était plus au XVIe siècle qu'une petite localité (luga- rete) (144), avec un palais royal assez vétuste (145) qui, tout comme celui de Djaroun, tenait lieu de forteresse (146). Laft, au Xe siècle ville flo- rissante (147), restait la deuxième agglomération. Le bourg de Bruht, au milieu des terres (148), s'était élevé au premier rang, d'où le nom, parfois employé d'« île de Qishm et de Bruht (149), ou simplement d' ile de Bruht » (150). Bruht avait un palais royal (151). [Qishm, at its eastern tip, in the 16th century was no more than a small locality (lugarete) (144), with a fairly dilapidated royal palace (145) which, like that of Djaroun, served as a fortress ( 146). Laft, a flourishing town in the 10th century (147), remained the second agglomeration. The town of Bruht, in the middle of the land (148), had risen to the first rank, hence the name, sometimes used of "island of Qishm and Bruht (149), or simply of island of Bruht" (150). Bruht had a royal palace (151).] fn. 144 Les Comentários (1/51, p. 187) disent Qishm hum lugar grande. Le Titolo das remdas, qui le qualifie de lugarete, et le Remdimento de Oromuz le mettent au dernier rang: Bruht [Revenu en hazar de [Income in hazard of]] Broct 1.000 [Titolo das remdas [rent title]] Broquete 600 [Remdimento de Oromuz [Yield of Hormuz]] Laft [Revenu en hazar de [Income in hazard of]] Laft 610 [Titolo das remdas [rent title]] Llafete 400 [Remdimento de Oromuz [Yield of Hormuz]] Harbiz ( ?) [Revenu en hazar de [Income in hazard of]] Carbes 200 [Titolo das remdas [rent title]] Garpez 130 [Remdimento de Oromuz [Yield of Hormuz]] Qishm [Revenu en hazar de [Income in hazard of]] Queixome 130 [Titolo das remdas [rent title]] Queixa 130 [Remdimento de Oromuz [Yield of Hormuz]] Harbiz, non attesté dans FG, est mentionné par Sadidussaltana, p. 128; Brás, I/49, p. 182: Arbes; Teixeira, II, p. 65: Karuèz; cf. Balbi Cerbil (p. 117) ? Carte de l'agglomération de Qishm et de ses alentours dans J. de Morgan, II, p. 292. fn. 145 Brás, I/37, p. 137. fn. 146 Cast., II/72, p. 378. fn. 147 Hudud al-'alam, trad. Minorsky, Londres 1937, p. 57-58. fn. 148 Le site de Bruht, au centre de l'ile (Ibn Mägid, 70a), à quatre lieues de Qishm (Nimdihi, 839), est à chercher à l'emplacement de l'actuel village de Guša (FG, VIII, p- 368), où existe une mosquée dite de Burh (Sadidnssaltana, p. 676-679; Eqtedâri, p. 794-801, avec localisation fautive sur sa carte, p. 748). Le nom de Bruht est attesté dès le Xe siècle (nom d'origine d'un capitaine de navire zoroastrien de Siraf; cf. Livre des Merveilles de l'Inde, tr. Sauvaget, dans Mémorial Jean Sauvaget, I, p. 201, 207, 216,lu al-Barkhati pour “al-Brukhti”). fn. 149 Nimdihi, 820 (Qism va Bruht); Samarqandi, p. 695 (jazira-yi Kism va Bruht): Ga fari (Qism va *Bruht); Ibn Magid, 70a (gazira Burhut (sic) wa'l-*Qism; Tibbetts traduit à tort, p. 222, « Burkhut or al-Qism *). fn. 150 Teixeira, II, p. 9: l'ile de Broct que les Portugais appellent Queixome (avec la coutumière altération des noms indigènes par attraction d'un mot portugais familier, en l'espèce queixume, a plaintes). Balbi, p. 118 (ile de “Boreche “, “Boroche”). fn. 151 Nimdihi, 839. Sur le jardin royal, Titolo das remdas, p. 224. » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 2:IV/5:77-237 ~ p. 102 ※ SOURCE for Brukth « The island is fifty-four miles in length, and varies from nine to thirty-two in breadth. In its centre is the village of Brukth or Urukth, the Oaracta of Nearchus and Arrian, who says that at the time of the Greek admiral's visit the island produced corn, vines, and fruit of all description. » #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892 ~ vol. 2 p. 410 ※ SOURCE for Guša see source « Bruht » ※ SOURCE for Urukth « The island is fifty-four miles in length, and varies from nine to thirty-two in breadth. In its centre is the village of Brukth or Urukth, the Oaracta of Nearchus and Arrian, who says that at the time of the Greek admiral's visit the island produced corn, vines, and fruit of all description. » #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892 ~ vol. 2 p. 410 Bugur river : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.529412 long 50.712229 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bugur river , ※ SOURCE for Bugur river « We had a delightful ride of four hours along the banks of the Bugûr , here a considerable stream, winding through the valley and forcing its way through narrow and precipitous gorges . I was surprised to find the valley so highly cultivated and so fertile . The stream was used to irrigate melonbeds and extensive rice-fields . » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 356 Buhriz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3104246 coordinate: lat 33.7055556 long 44.6505556 NIMA/GNS names: Bahriz , Bohriz , Buhriz , VARIANT names: Buhris , Buhriz , ※ SOURCE for Buhris « Nous fimes la nuit ſuivante neuf heures de chemin, et arrivames le furlendemain a Buhris, gros village ſitué auprès de la même rivière. [The following night we traveled nine hours, and arrived the following day at Buhris, a large village situated near the same river.] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 169 Bu'in : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057067 coordinate: lat 35.7669 long 50.0578 NIMA/GNS names: Bu'in , Bu'in Zahra , Buyin , بوئین زهرا , VARIANT names: Bu'in , Deh Ochlosuph , ※ SOURCE for Deh Ochlosuph « The 11th daye att night we came to Deh Ochlosuph [Dihoghlu Asaf ?], weh is in English Joseph, another smale villiage, being ro lges. Here is alsoe good water. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 64 Bukha : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786615 coordinate: lat 26.141067 long 56.152016 NIMA/GNS names: Bakha , Bakhah , Bukha , Bukha' , بخاء , VARIANT names: Bakhah , Bokha , Bukha , ※ SOURCE for Bakhah « Note on Bakhah Bakhah was originally a home of the Shihuh who ruled it until the time of Shaikh Salim bin Sultan al Qasiml (circa 1880), Shaikh of Ras al Khaimah, who seized it and appointed Shaikh Sulaiman, grandfather of the present Shaikh, as his wali at Bakhah. Duing Shaikh Salaiman's time the Shaikh of Khasab attacked Bakhah, and when the Wali of Bakhah appealed to the Shaikh of Ras al Khaimah for help in repelling the invaders he refused to provide any and gave as his reason the fact that he was prohibited by his treaty obligations with the British from despatching an expedition by sea. Later Shaikh Suleiman succeeded in repelling the attacks from Khasab by his own efforts and his power gradually gained in strength. Eventually, he himself attacked and plundered Ras al Khaimah. After this the Shaikh of Ras al Khaimah abandoned all claims to Bakhah, which has since descended from father to son in the same family. 2. The present Shaikh is Muhammad bln Ahmad bin Sulaiman, Shihhi. He is about fifty years old. He appears to be a straightforward man and to be respected by his people whom he does not oppress unduly. He is married into the Dubai family, and his wife is the sister-in-law of Shaikh Said bin Maktum of Dubai. He complains that his brother-in-law does not co-operate with him, and attributes this attitude to the ill-advice of his son Rashid. He owns ten country- craft (four big and six small) which ply between India, East Africa and the Gulf ports. 3. The Shaikh claims that Bakhah consists of six inhabited coastal villages, namely Bakhah, Al Jadi and Al Jari, (north of Bakhah), Teebat, Ghamdha and Fadhgha (South of Bakhah) together with some deserted villages on the coast and in the mountains. The northern limit he claims is Ras al Jari and the southern Ras al Sha'am and part of Sha’am village. In fact, he has no authority in Sha’am and the headland is the natural boundary in that direction which is, incidentally, the end of the motor road from Ras al Khaimah. 4. The inhabitants of Bakhah are Arabs (Shihuh), and Persians who live mostly by fishing and trading. There is one Hindu. The whole population is estimated at 6,000, and it receives its food supplies from Dubai through the Sharjah Agency in the same way as the Trucial Coast Sheikhdoms. The Shaikh charges neither customs duty nor anchorage fees on boats calling at his port which is not an open anchorage. 5. The Sheikhdom is independent and pays tribute to nobody. The Shaikh mentioned that though he had been to Muscat to pay his respects to the Sultan, he owed him no allegiance and preferred the protection of the British by whom he wished to be considered independent. » #2787 'File 11/51 Shaikhdom of Bakhah [Bukha]' [?5r] (8/12 and 9/12), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/6/398, in Qatar Digital Library online reference link/81055/vdc_100063315158.0x00000a [accessed 3 April 2023] ※ SOURCE for Bokha Map created in 1832. It was written in English and Arabic.#2587 Original surveys by Lieutenants John Michael Guy, George Barnes Brucks, Robert Cogan, William Eales Rogers and Stafford Bettesworth Haines, 1821-29, 'Chart of The Gulf of Persia.' IOR/X/3635/35/1-2, James Horsburgh, Hydrographer to the Honourable East India Company, 1832 ~ ※ SOURCE for Bukha Survey, design, consultants of water supply schemes for Tayibat, Ghrumdah, Fudhra, Bukha, Al Jadi, Al Jirri, Qidah, Kumzar, Habalayn, Shabus, Shairsah, Limah, Bayah #171 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Musandam Water Supply Schemes, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1975 ~ « Dutch ships explored the coast just South from the deep inlet of A1 Khasab in 1645 and visited the villages of Qidi and Bukha. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p.45 « Bukha (26°09'N., 56°09'E.), a village, stands on the shore of an open bight. Depths of less than 5.5m are charted up to 1.5 miles NW and up to 0.5 mile NE of the town. 13.13 A prominent white fort with a tower at one corner stands on the W entrance point. Another fort stands at the head of the bight, while a third fort is located 0.5 mile E of the village. 13.13 Anchorage can be taken, in a depth of 40m, with the fort on the W entrance point bearing 160°, distant 1 mile. In this position the tidal currents set parallel to the coast. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ #2777 Emirates History - Dutch Era, at online reference link (accessed: 29 Mar 2023]) « Most places are already mentioned in Balbi's list of 1580. Dutch ships explored the coast just South from the deep inlet of A1 Khasab in 1645 and visited the villages of Qidi and Bukha. To the North from there, deep into a fjord, is the town of A1 Khasab, which belonged to the Portuguese until just after the fall of Muscat in 1650. The Dutch visited it in 1666 when the fortress had a garrison of the Imam of Oman.(157) fn. 157 Khasab is already mentioned in c.1541/1543 in Aubin, 'Royaume d'Ormuz', p. 219, which gives its revenue. ARA VOC vol. 1259, fol. 3367 (visit of 1666 = Floor, 'First contacts', p. 299). » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 46 « When the present Sultan of Oman replaced his falher in 1970 the school at Bukhi, run by the government of Abu Dhabi, was the only school in the region ; there were no medical services and no roads; and there was generally little evidence of central government activity. » #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 19 Bukha 22a : arch. site OMN UTM: DD159912 converted to coordinate: lat 26.137651192537 long 56.1586883853331 VARIANT names: Bukha 22a , ※ SOURCE for Bukha 22a #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 42 Bukha 22b : arch. site OMN UTM: DD140910 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1357332322072 long 56.1396962717212 VARIANT names: Bukha 22b , ※ SOURCE for Bukha 22b #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 42 Bukha 22c : arch. site OMN UTM: DD138906 converted to coordinate: lat 26.132109807493 long 56.1377222707871 VARIANT names: Bukha 22c , ※ SOURCE for Bukha 22c #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 42 Bukha 22d : arch. site OMN UTM: DD140901 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1276074256836 long 56.1397558065683 VARIANT names: Bukha 22d , ※ SOURCE for Bukha 22d #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 44 Bukha Al Japi 22e : arch. site OMN UTM: DD135906 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1320918209941 long 56.1347215771377 VARIANT names: Bukha Al Japi 22e , ※ SOURCE for Bukha Al Japi 22e #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 44 Bukhara : place UZB NIMA/GNS feature: PPLA UFI: -2575720 coordinate: lat 39.7747222 long 64.4286111 NIMA/GNS names: Alt-Buchara , Bokhara , Bukhara , Bukhoro , Bukhoro Shahri , Buxoro , Gorod Bukhara , Staraya Bukhara , VARIANT names: Bokhara , Bukhara , ※ SOURCE for Bukhara The capital of the Samanid dynasty in the 9th–10th century, it later was seized by the Qarakhanids and Karakitais before falling to Genghis Khan in 1220 and to Timur (Tamerlane) in 1370. In 1506 Bukhara was conquered by the Uzbek Shaybanids, who, from the mid-16th century, made it the capital of their state, which became known as the khanate of Bukhara. #EB2002 Bulak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3371051 coordinate: lat 32.205 long 62.7969444 NIMA/GNS names: Bolaka , Bowlakah , Bulak , Bulaq , VARIANT names: Bulak , Bulak sarai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.223394 long 62.781979 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: unknown structure 45x45m sarai ? VARIANT names: Bulak sarai , Bulaskai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057111 coordinate: lat 26.8956 long 53.9036 NIMA/GNS names: Bel`askar , Bu ol `Asgar , Bu ol `Askar , Bulaskai , بلعسکر , بو العسكر , بو العسگر , VARIANT names: Aboolaskar , Bulaskai , ※ SOURCE for Aboolaskar « Aboolaskar » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Bumahen : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057093 coordinate: lat 35.729718 long 51.868843 NIMA/GNS names: Bum Hend , Bumahen , Bumahind , Bum-e Hen , Bumehen , بوم هن , بوم هند , بومهن , VARIANT names: Bomahene , Bumahen , ※ SOURCE for Bomahene « and cam awaye the 13th to Bomahene [Bümahin]. Here we picht, hauinge traueled 3 leauges of very barren ground all along the side of a hill. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 55 Bumhan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.062928 long 52.630705 † basis ( calculated route stage location for reference purposes) Supplement: this location at stage 3 of 4 stages on Muqaddasi Shiraz to Jur ( ≃ 82.4 kms of 110 kms) VARIANT names: Bumhan , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Bumhan AT Zangiran (old) lat 29.069847 long 52.621492 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Bumhan « From Shiraz to Kafrah, one stage; thence to Kül, one stage; thence to Bümhān, one stage; thence to Jur, one stage. » #3346 Muhammad ibn Ahmad Muqaddasi¯, trans. Basil Anthony Collins, The Best Divisions For Knowledge Of The Region, Garnet Publishing, Reading, 2001 ~ p. 368 Bun : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 14491865 coordinate: lat 33.939418 long 49.67876 NIMA/GNS names: Bun , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Ban , بون , رودخانه فصلی بان , VARIANT names: Bun , Bundar Tibben : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087332 coordinate: lat 27.233401 long 52.803245 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Tabin , Bandar-e Teben , Bandar-e-Teben , Bundar Tibben , Taban , Tabin , Teben , Tibin , Tibin , بندر تبن , بندر تبين , تبن , تبن , تبين , تيبين , VARIANT names: Bundar Tibben , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Bundar Tibben FOR Apostana [Gossellin], ※ SOURCE for Bundar Tibben « Tibben » in {map#1035 Tab: XIX Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A)} see AHduGP map 102 «Tibben » in {map#1035 Tab: XIX Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A)} see AHduGP map 102 Bungared : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057103 coordinate: lat 27.956944 long 56.6675 NIMA/GNS names: Bangowd-e Pa'in , Bungared , Bungerd , بنگود پائين , بونگرد , بونگرد , VARIANT names: Bungared , Buraimi : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: OAS UFI: -785933 coordinate: lat 24.235278 long 55.752222 NIMA/GNS names: Al Buraym , Al Buraymi , Baraimi Oasis , Braimi , Buraimi Oasis , Buraymi Oasis , Wahat al Buraymi , VARIANT names: Bireïmah , Buraimi , Buraymi , Tawwam , Tu’am , ※ SOURCE for Bireïmah « Bireïmah may be approached from Schinas by two of these , Wádí Khór and Wádí Uttar. From Fidgira another road leads across the ridge to Shárga , which is two and a half days distant . » #19 Wellsted, James Raymond, Travels in Arabia, John Murray, London, 1838 ~ vol. 1 p. 237 ※ SOURCE for Buraimi « In Oman, at Umm an-Nar and in the Buraimi oasis, settlements and cemeteries of the third millennium BC yield material comparable with finds at Bampur (phases V and VI), Shahr-i Sokhta and other sites in Iran. Some scholars place Magan, the source of copper men- d tioned in Akkadian documents, in Oman, al- though this is by no means certain. » #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975 ~ p.85 « Sasanid influence was to be extended over Mazun (Oman) to a greater or lesser extent, until the expansion of the Arab tribes by migration and the coming of Islam. Meanwhile the autonomous Omanis of the desert borderland and much of northern Oman maintained their independence, with their inland capital at Tu'am (Buraimi) and their trading port of Diba. » #2784 al-Rawas, Isam Ali Ahmad, Early Islamic Oman (ca - 622/280-893) : a political history., Durham theses, Durham University, 1990 ~ p. 10 ※ SOURCE for Buraymi « Where the boundary between the two parts of Mazun-Oman lay, however, is far from certain. It seems farly clear that Arab territory included much of northern Oman (although the strategically important port of Julfar was almost certainly directly administered by the Persians) for it had been intensively settled by the Arabs since pre-Sasanid times as a result of being located at the end of one of the two major tribal migration routes into the region (Wilkinson 1972): Daba was its capital and main port and Tu'am (Buraymi) appears to have acquired the status of the main Arab centre in the interior. » #1072 Wilkinson, John C., Arab-Persian land relationships in Late Sasanid Oman, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1973 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Tawwam « But no sooner had Muhammad-bin-Seif departed than Nasir-bin-Kátan began to collect the Bédu and Hadhr of the Benu-Yâs and other tribes, intending to attack the fort of Tawwâm, being encouraged thereto by some of the dis- affected in that place. He accordingly marched to Tawwâm -now called el-Bereimy-and invested the fort, which at that time was held by Muhammad-bin-Khalf, esh-Shákasy, on the part of the Imâm. » #482 Razik, Salil-Ibn, History of the Imâms and Seyyids of ’Omân ... from A.D. 661-1856. Translated from the original Arabic and edited, with notes, appendices, and an introduction, continuing the history down to 1870, by G. P. Badger, Darf Publishers Limited, London, 1871/1986 ~ p.71 ※ SOURCE for Tu’am « The tradition holds that the Sasanians established an administrative capital near Sohar and concluded a treaty with the Azd, as reported by al-Awtabi, upon with which basis J. C. Wilkinson claimed "the Arabs enjoyed full autonomy in the desert borderlands and in much of and northern Oman where their capital was at Tu'am [Buraimi] and their main trading port was at Diba." Although no Sasanian occupation at Sohar has yet been identified, the situation described by the Omani historical tradition pots is borne out by the comparison of pottery from the coast Late and interior, in which the Kush assemblage is made up of Persian imports and the Buraimi assemblage consists locally made cooking pots. This has ramifications for our understanding of Dibba. The Arab tradition relates that in the days before Islam, "the markets of the Arabs were ten ... [including] Sohar, taking place in Rajab, on its first day, and not requiring any protection. Then the Arabs would travel from Sohar to Daba [Dibba], at which Julanda and his tribe [i.e., the Azd] would collect the tithe." It is further said to have been a capital of Oman and the base of the false prophet Laqit b. Malik al-Azdi during the Ridda." Dibba, therefore, seems to have been both economically and politically important in the Late Antique period. However, no archaeological evidence from this period has yet emerged. Archaeological excavations at Dibba al-Hisn (Sharjah) unearthed tombs containing quantities of Parthian, Kushana, and Roman imports, so that Dibba may be identified as an entrepot serving the major regional center of Mleiha in the interior. The later Arabic sources imply that this role continued from the Late Pre-Islamic into the Late Antique period, though this is presently impossible to verify archaeologically. Certainly, the broader geopolitical situation circumstantially bears out the sources, for if Julfar and Sohar were controlled by the Sasanians, Arab trade would have been funnelled through Dibba. This goes some way to explaining the otherwise roundabout route by which commerce reached Tu'am: it makes sense only if the more direct routes from Julfar and Sohar were blocked or otherwise uneconomical. » #2568 Timothy Power, Julfar and the Ports of Northern Oman in The Ports of Oman Edited By Abdulrahman Alsalimi And Eric Staples, ?Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim, 2017 ~ pp. 224-5 Buraimi Oasis : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: OAS UFI: -785933 coordinate: lat 24.235278 long 55.752222 NIMA/GNS names: Al Buraym , Al Buraymi , Baraimi Oasis , Braimi , Buraimi Oasis , Buraymi Oasis , Wahat al Buraymi , VARIANT names: Buraimi Oasis , ※ SOURCE for Buraimi Oasis « In Oman, at Umm an-Nar and in the Buraimi oasis, settlements and cemeteries of the third millennium BC yield material comparable with finds at Bampur (phases V and VI), Shahr-i Sokhta and other sites in Iran. Some scholars place Magan, the source of copper men- d tioned in Akkadian documents, in Oman, al- though this is by no means certain. » #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975 ~ p.85 Buraki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057119 coordinate: lat 29.2989 long 52.7302 NIMA/GNS names: Burak-e Bala , Burak-e Daman , Buraki , Buraki-ye Bala , بورکی , VARIANT names: Buraki , ※ SOURCE for Buraki « SO in Windungen durch Felsen, wo links am Fuße des Berges das volkreiche Dorf Buraki lag.[SE in windings through rocks, where on the left at the foot of the mountain lay the populous village of Buraki.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 111 Buraza river : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 28.919725 long 52.522868 VARIANT names: Buraza river , ※ SOURCE for Buraza river « When I was there, in spring, light clouds were hanging below over the deep gorge in which the Burāza river runs. If the famous Tag i Kisra at Ctesiphon is a theatrical fake worthy of a Potemkin, this castle of Ardashir is a castle of the Holy Grail. » #3128 Herzfeld, Ernst E., Archaeological History of Iran, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1935 ~ p. 95 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.01217 long 56.945709 VARIANT names: Burchik , ※ SOURCE for Burchik Coordinates from GE overlay of Stein’s map {map#1013 Map No. II Parts of the Provinces of Kerman and Gulf coast, , 1931-2, #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~} Coordinates [ 26.981201, 56.948571] from GE overlay of Topographische Befunde Zu Alt Hormuz Nach: Stein(1937), Schweizer (1972), Kleiss (1978) in #302 Carls, Hans-Georg, Alt-Hormoz, ein historischer Hafen an der Strasse von Hormoz (Iran) : Retrospekt und Prospekt zu einem ungelosten archaologischen, geographischen und orientalischen Problem, Minerva Publikation, Munich, 1982 ~ p. 130 « Another site of the same type, known as Burchik, was visited about 4 miles to the south-west of Kumbil. On the way to it also, small shallow channels reached by tidal water were crossed. There an area measuring about 400 yards in length, but nowhere more than some lOO yards in breadth, was found to bear wall foundations of rough stones, many apparently tufa. Here, too, plentiful fragments of burnt bricks, together with a variety of potsherds, could be picked up from the salt-impregnated soil. Small, much corroded copper coins, were found in abundance. The largest among them has been recognized by Mr. ]. Allan as probably Samanid of the tenth century A.D. Among the pottery there were numerous pieces of porcelain and good stoneware, manifestly Chinese (see Bur. 11,1 2,1 4,25; PI. XXVI ), also of glazed or stamped local ware (Bur. 23) closely resembling that found at Qalat-Sarawan. A short distance to the east the stone foundations of what obviously had been a mosque, could be made out. Close to the west runs a khiir, or creek, formed by a terminal channel of the Minab river, which was said to be navigable for small boats up to a point known as Tappa-i-Jahud. A few other kharabas, or small 'debris areas' of the same type were said to be traceable farther to the east, on ground approached by tidal water. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~ p. 185 Bureh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: -3194039 coordinate: lat 29.9707 long 54.0963 NIMA/GNS names: Boruyeh , Bowrad Khvansar , Bowru Khvansar , Bureh , Burru'iyeh , Buru , برويه , بورد خوانسار , بورروئیه , بورو خوانسار , VARIANT names: Bureh , Burj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 6210239 coordinate: lat 30.922014 long 62.059903 NIMA/GNS names: Burj , برج , VARIANT names: Burj , Burj-i-Chenar (lookout tower) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.206647 long 53.317425 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Burj-i-Chenar (lookout tower) , ※ SOURCE for Burj-i-Chenar (lookout tower) « Burj-i-Chenar (lookout tower) » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection fig. Shiraz-444-C} « After going 4½ miles came to a deep gully, with a small stream of water at the bottom. After going another three-quarters of a mile, passed a second stream, and immediately entered some low hills, which the road passed through, and gradually ascending for some 2¾ miles we camped at a Bourgt [tower] on the side of the Kuh-i-Siah, another Bourg being on the top of the spur. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 3 Burum : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3185816 coordinate: lat 14.363611 long 48.979722 Supplement: 27km SW of above mentioned, Bandar Ruwaini, is Ra’s Burūm, Bandar Burūm and the populated place Burūm , see {map#904 1:500,000 - World Series 1404, Great Britain. War Office and Air Ministry, 1958, al-mukalla 686-A} NIMA/GNS names: Burum , بروم , VARIANT names: Barum , Berruma , boruma , Burum , Veruma , ※ SOURCE for Barum « At 51° P.S. the Minhaj places Barum still important as one of the few safe anchorages during the SW monsoon.. » #370 Tibbetts, G. R., Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean before the coming of the Portuguese, The Royal Asiatic Society, Luzac and Co., London, 1971 ~ p. 441 ※ SOURCE for Berruma « BERRUMA, porto de-Nome por que João de Barros designa um porto do Hadramaut, próximo do de Ash Shehr ou Shehr, que poderia identificar-se com o actual Bander Ruweini, em 14° 32' lat. N. e 49° 10' long. E. Consideremos porém a lição de Diogo do Couto de que a galeota de D. Paio de Noronha saiu de Ash Shehr e foi tomar o porto de Berrumá, antes de Adém (Aden), de onde partiu à meia-noite e foi tomar de madrugada a baía de Adém. A meia dúzia de horas de navegação que D. Paio despendeu, segundo Couto, para ir de Berrumá a Adém exclui a identificação daquele porto com o Bander Ru- weini, quase a trezentas milhas de Adém, e conduz à presunção de que a Berrumá a que alude Couto se identifica de preferência com a actual Sheikh Abdurrahman ou Irka Village, em 13° 37' lat. N. e 47° 24' long. E., a despeito da improbabilidade de a distância a que está do golfo de Adém cerca de cento e vinte milhas- ser galgada no tempo exiguo que medeia entre a meia-noite e a madrugada. [João de Barros-Da Ásia]. » [BERRUMA, Nome port by which João de Barros designates a port in the Hadramaut, close to that of Ash Shehr or Shehr, which could be identified with the current Bander Ruweini, at 14° 32' lat. N. and 49° 10' long. E. Let us consider, however, Diogo do Couto's lesson that D. Paio de Noronha's galley left Ash Shehr and went to the port of Berrumá, before Adem (Aden), from where it left at midnight and went to take the Aden Bay. The half dozen hours of sailing that D. Paio spent, according to Couto, to go from Berrumá to Adem excludes the identification of that port with the Bander Ruweini, almost three hundred miles from Adem, and leads to the presumption that Berrumá which Couto alludes to is preferably identified with the current Sheikh Abdurrahman or Irka Village, at 13° 37' lat. N. and 47° 24' long. E., despite the improbability of the distance at which it is from the Gulf of Aden, about one hundred and twenty miles, to be climbed in the short time between midnight and dawn. [João de Barros-Da Asia].] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 108 ※ SOURCE for boruma in {map#576 15ª carta: Mar Vermelho e Golfo Pérsico, Livro De Marinharia, de João de Lisboa, anonymous, 1560, Colecção Cartográfica, n.º 166} and PMC vol. 1 EST 96A in {map#834 Eastern Africa, Arabia, and India, Fernão Vaz Dourado, 1550-1575, The Huntington Library HM41 fol11} and PMC vol. 3 EST 269 ※ SOURCE for Burum Ra’s Burūm, Bandar Burūm and the populated place Burūm , see {map#904 1:500,000 - World Series 1404, Great Britain. War Office and Air Ministry, 1958, al-mukalla 686-A} ※ SOURCE for Veruma « Segunda feira 19 de março em amanhecendo achamonos tanto avante com verruma (18), e o vento era leste fresco; corremos ao longuo da ribeira, e logo despedi hum catur a terra com hum criado do embaixador e com duarte leitão ... fn. 18 Trata-se de Veruma ou Berruma (Burüm), povoação da costa de Oma referida por Diogo do Couto, que Fernão Vaz Dourado, por exemplo, anota Voruma numa folha do seu Atlas de 1570, Portug. Mon. Cart., Est. 269; uma carta de c. 1560 (Idem, Est. 96A), sem nome de autor, também indica o topónimo e com a grafia boruma. » [Monday the 19th of March at dawn we found ourselves so far ahead with verruma (18), and the wind was fresh east; we ran along the river, and soon I sent a catur to land with a servant of the ambassador and with duarte leitão ... fn.18 This is Veruma or Berruma (Burüm), a village on the coast of Oman referred to by Diogo do Couto, which Fernão Vaz Dourado, for example, notes Voruma on a page of his Atlas of 1570, Portuguese. Mon. Cart., Est. 269; a letter from c. 1560 (Idem, Est. 96A), without author's name, also indicates the toponym and with the spelling boruma.] #2706 Luís de Albuquerque, Estudos de História, Volume II, Por ordem da Universidade, Coimbra, 1974 ~ p. 47 Bushgan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057166 coordinate: lat 28.831214 long 51.699621 NIMA/GNS names: Booshakan , Bushgan , Bushkan , بوشكان , VARIANT names: Bauchkhoûn , Bech Goom , Besh Goom , Beshgum , Booshgoon , Boshakun , Bouchgun , Bouchougoun , Bush Goom , Bushetgan , Bushgan , Bushkan , ※ SOURCE for Bauchkhoûn « Un chemin uni nous mène à Bauchkhoûn, village composé d'une trentaine de familles, et dépendant du district de Houmal. Le manque d'eau fait que l'on n'y cultive que de l'orge et du blé. [A smooth road leads us to Bauchkhoûn, a village composed of about thirty families, and dependent on the district of Houmal. The lack of water means that only barley and wheat are grown there.] » #3256 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Gazetteer of Persia Vol. IV, Printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1892 ~ vol. 2 p. 57 ※ SOURCE for Bech Goom « Bech Goom » in {map#1231 ‘Sketch of Lieut. Snodgrass’s Route from Bushire to Shiraz, via Feruzabad, A.D. 1810’, , , [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3118, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Besh Goom « Besh Goom » in {map#1129 Map of Asia Minor Armenia and Koordistan, , 1816, #3020 John Macdonald Kinneir, Journey Through Asia Minor, Armenia, and Koordistan in the Years 1813 and 1814, John Murray, London, 1818 ~} « Besh Goom » in {map#1231 ‘Sketch of Lieut. Snodgrass’s Route from Bushire to Shiraz, via Feruzabad, A.D. 1810’, , , [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3118, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Beshgum « BESHGUM - A village in Fars, Persia, 75 miles east of Abushahar, on the road by Shiraz to Firozabad, from which last it is 76 miles west. It is situated in a plain of oval form and of some extent. The water is bad and scarce, and the neighbourhood devoid of cultivation. (Snodgrass.) » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 73 ※ SOURCE for Booshgoon « Booshgoon » in {map#1233 Route Map Shiraz to Bushire round trip, TAYLOR R L Lieutenant-Colonel, 1858, British Library: IOR X/3125, route map 5} ※ SOURCE for Boshakun « Boshakun » in {map#1188 Map of Persia (in Six Sheets), Simla Drawing Office Survey of India, 1902, Geographicus, New York} ※ SOURCE for Bouchgun « De Bouchgûn nous gagnâmes Ferrach-Bend qui en est éloigné de onze heures . [From Bouchgûn we reached Ferrach-Bend which is eleven hours away.] » #3388 Eugène Flandin, Pascal Xavier Coste, Voyage En Perse pendant les annees 1840 et 1841. Relation du voyage, Gide et J. Baudry, Paris, 1851 ~ p. 332 ※ SOURCE for Bouchougoun « 1 février. Route est, tirant un peu sur le sud. Nous continuons à voyager dans la mon- tagne, nous arrivons ensuite dans une vallée où est situé le grand village de Bouchougoun; toutes les maisons en pierres sont en ruine èt remplacées par des cabanes couvertes de nattes divisées par petits groupes [February 1. East road, pulling a little towards the south. We continue traveling in the mountains, we then arrive in a valley where the large village of Bouchougoun is located; all the stone houses are in ruins and replaced by huts covered with mats divided into small groups] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 515 ※ SOURCE for Bush Goom « Bush Goom. 20 miles Small village, situated in a plain, apparently de. void of cultivation: water bad and scarce. About nineteen miles the pass of Hajee Sulla. Remainder of the road pretty good: country barren and rugged. » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ p. 460 ※ SOURCE for Bushetgan « 5. Fifth house: Bushetgan (Haft Farsang). » #3161 Dr. Mohammad Ismail Ismaili Jolodar, A proposal to determine the location of the ancient port of Najiram based on the written texts of Sadr Islam and archaeological studies, rasekhoon.net/article/show/1012597/, 2013 ~ ※ SOURCE for Bushkan « Bushkan » in {map#1172 Index Map to routes in Persia vol. IV part II., , 1922, [?308r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, f 308, in Qatar Digital Library} « 6. BUSHKAN-33 miles north-west by north-142 miles, 8 hours-354 hours. Road good for first 6 miles; thence to 12 miles undulating and difficult. From 10 to 11 miles impracticable for carriages. The rest of the march level with occasional undulations. Soil, sandy and alluvial. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 738 Bushire : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057164 coordinate: lat 28.9684 long 50.8385 NIMA/GNS names: Abu Shehr , Abuschehr , Bandar Abu Shehr , Bandar Bushehr , Bandar-e Bushehr , Bouchehr , Buschir , Bushehr , Bushire , بندر بوشهر , بوشهر , VARIANT names: Abbeseer , Abïishehr , Abou-Chahr , Abousher , Abu Shahr , Alexandri , Antiochia in Persis , Bender-Bouchehr , Bocher , Booshuhr , Bouchyr , Bushahr , Bushehr , Bushir , Bushire , Chersonesos , Mesambria , Rev Ardeshir , Seleucia on the Erythraean Sea , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Bushire FOR Bascarde [Dames], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Bushire FOR Areon [Kempthorne], ※ SOURCE for Abbeseer « Abbeseer (55 B) : Bushehr ? » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ index p. 412 « Abbeseer » in {map#1022 Persische Golf, Compiled by Jan de Marre. Published in Amsterdam by Johannes van Keulen, 1753, The Hague, Nationaal Archief, 4.VEL S6B 033 kaart(13)} ※ SOURCE for Abïishehr « 22. Abushehr (Büshir), 28° 59' 7" N.B., 50° 49' 37" O.L. v. G., aan het uiteinde van een door zandbanken omringden landtong gelegen, is de voornaamste haven van Perzie, met omstr. 20 000 inw. Het werd reeds door Jaqüt in het midden der eeuw vermeld1), ook door Balbi (1586) Met Reixel = Rlshehr op Portug. kaarten (waarover lager), werd waarschijnlijk Büshir bedoeld. Van Loon heeft het als Abbeseer. Het bleef een onbeduidend plaatsje lot Nadir Shah (1688—1747) er, weinige jaren vóór zijn dood. aanving de vloot te bouwen waarmede hij hoopte zijn gezag over de geheele Golf te vestigen. Gamron, reeds vervallen door de aanhoudende onlusten gedurende den Afghaanschen inval, geraakte ook onder Nadir niet weder tot bloei, en zoowel de Nederl. als de Eng. O. I. Cie kozen achtereenvolgens andere havens voor hun bedrijf: Basra, Bender Rïg, het eiland Kharak. Ook te Büshir had onze Compagnie eenigen tijd een kantoor, maar de Engelschen, die er zich vestigden in 1764, voerden er met korte tusschenpoozen, wanneer weder Gamron of Basra de voorkeur kregen, van den aanvang af den boventoon. Nearchus landt hier en noemt het Mesambria (wellicht, meent Tom., de nabootsing van een verloren Perz. naam, b. v. madema vairiya — „wat zich te midden van den vloed bevindt", of wel naiwa-rauia — „Middag", in de beteekenis van den bestaanden naam van deze kust germsïr — heete landstreek). Hij beschrijft het als een „schiereiland met vele tuinen, waarin alle soorten van vruchtboomen groeien", hetgeen tot op zekere hoogte nog heden het geval is. Ptolemaeus heeft Chersonesos voor het schiereiland, zonder nadere aanduiding. Vincent (p. 395) meent dat de Grieken hiermede een woordelijke vertaling kunnen gegeven hebben van een reeds bestaanden oud-Perz. naam: Mesen — eiland, Ber — vasteland: Mesen-ber-ia, dat is dus omgekeerd Cherso nese. Dit heeft echter geen ingang gevonden. I) De Morgan (Études Géograph., II, 300.) zegt ten onrechte dat Bushïr gesticht werd door Nadir Shah en hij haar Aba Chahr = Perè des cités noemde. Ook deze afleiding is betwistbaar, want Abü is een arab. en shehr het enkelvoud van een Perz. woord, waardoor de samenkoppeling dus onaannemelijk wordt. Houtum Schindler (bij Curzon, II, 231, note) vond in den Karnamek {Boek der Daden) van Ardeshïr Babekan, den eerste der Sasaniden, dat hij, vluchtende naar de kust voor de Parthen, „toen hij de zee aanschouwde God prees en daar aan een plek den naam Bokht- (= heeft verlost) Artakhshir gaf en er een tempel, aan het vuur gewijd, stichtte." De latere verkorting tot Büshir zou dan aannemelijk zijn (vgl. Bahmishlr van Bahman Ardeshir). Het is echter niet waarschijnlijk, dat deze afleiding het raadsel voor goed heeft opgelost. [22. Abishehr (Büshir), 28° 59' 7" N., 50° 49' 37" E., situated at the extremity of a spit of land surrounded by sandbanks, is the principal port of Persia, with approx. 20 000 inh. It was already mentioned by Jaqüt in the middle of the century1), also by Balbi (1586) With Reixel = Rlshehr op Portug. cards (about which below), Büshir was probably meant. Van Loon has it as Abbeseer. It remained an insignificant place for Nadir Shah (1688-1747) a few years before his death. began to build the fleet with which he hoped to establish his authority over the entire Gulf. Gamron, already dilapidated by the continuing disturbances during the Afghan invasion, did not flourish again under Nadir either, and both the Nederl. as the Eng. O. I. Cie successively chose other ports for their company: Basra, Bender Rig, the island of Kharak. Our Company also had an office at Büshir for some time, but the English, who settled there in 1764, predominated from the outset at short intervals, when Gamron or Basra were again preferred. Nearchus lands here and calls it Mesambria (perhaps, thinks Tom., the imitation of a lost Persian name, e.g. madema vairiya — "that which is in the midst of the flood," or naiwa-rauia — "Afternoon," in the meaning of the existing name of this coast germsir — hot country). He describes it as a "peninsula with many gardens, in which all kinds of fruit trees grow," which is still the case to a certain extent today. Ptolemy has Chersonesos for the peninsula, without specifying. Vincent (p. 395) believes that the Greeks may have given a literal translation of an already existing old Persian name: Mesen — island, Ber — mainland: Mesen-ber-ia, that is the reverse Cherso nese However, this has not found acceptance. I) De Morgan (Études Géograph., II, 300.) wrongly says that Bushir was founded by Nadir Shah and he called it Aba Chahr = Perè des cités. This derivation is also debatable, because Abu is an Arab. and shehr the singular of a Persian. word, making the combination implausible. Houtum Schindler (at Curzon, II, 231, note) found in the Karnamek (Book of Deeds) of Ardeshir Babekan, the first of the Sasanids, that, fleeing to the coast of the Parthians, "when he beheld the sea he praised God and there gave a place the name Bokht- (= has redeemed) Artakhshir and founded there a temple dedicated to the fire." The later shortening to Büshir would then be plausible (cf. Bahmishlr of Bahman Ardeshir). probably, that this derivation has solved the riddle for good.] » #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ p. 386 ※ SOURCE for Abou-Chahr #1839 Morgan, Jacques de, Mission scientifique en Perse Tome Second Études Géographiques, Ernest Leroux, Paris, 1895 vol. 2: ~ Fig. 142. Abou-Chahr p. 299 ※ SOURCE for Abousher « The same day in the evening, wee were at Abousher, which is a Castle. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 457 ※ SOURCE for Abu Shahr « Confident of his ability to challenge the British themselves, Shaikh Salman carried out his first direct hostile act against the British on July 18, 1765. Six of his Gallivats captured two British ships on their way from Abu Shahr to Basra, a small Company ship called Sally and the Company’s yacht. A few days later they captured Fort William (286), one of the British ships trading under Company protection. The capture of these ships marked the beginning of a long and arduous struggle between the British and Kaᶜb. fn. 286 B.P.C., Vol. 28. Letter from Basra, Aug. 14, 1765. » #2977 Abdul Amir Amin, British Interests in the Persian Gulf 1747-1778 - thesis, University of Maryland, 1962 ~ p. 142 ※ SOURCE for Alexandri « Alexandri: ‘From the river Rhogomanis to a peninsula 500 stadia. Opposite this is an island called Alexandri’.(120) Bushehr.(121) fn. 120 Schoff, Periplus of the Outer Sea (as in n. 111) 21. fn. 121 W. Henkelman, pers. comm. » #2996 Potts, D., The islands of the XIVth Satrapy. Pp. 375-396 in Oetjen, R., ed. New perspectives in Seleucid history, archaeology and numismatics: Studies in honor of Getzel M. Cohen., Beiträge zur Altertumskunde 355, De Gruyter, 2019 ~ p. 393 ※ SOURCE for Antiochia in Persis #382 Potts, D.T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 pp 15-6 D. T. Potts reviews the possible locations and states that the suggestion put forward by W. W. Tarn that the city was located at Bushire has been generally accepted. ※ SOURCE for Bender-Bouchehr « La veille de notre départ de Bender-Bouchéhr, nous primes congé du cheykh, [The day before our departure from Bender-Bouchehr, we took leave of the sheikh,] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 52 « Bender-Bouchéhr » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Bocher « After an hour's talk with him, I re-embarked in my taranquaine, which is the name of the vessels that navigate the Persian Gulf (1). I followed our route with a light wind from the sea, which took us near the Persian coast. About four o'clock in the afternoon we saw Bocher [Bushire], a little town on the Persian coast of which I will speak in another place; and, in passing two leagues below it, we also saw Richer [Rishahr], which appears to be a large fortress on the seashore, built in former times by the Portuguese at the mouth of a little river (2). By it was a beach between two mountains and a village in a wood, the verdure of which was a pleasant sight from the sea. It was once inhabited and under Portuguese rule, but is now deserted except for some poor Persians and Arabs, subjects of the King of Persia. That night and the following day we continued on our way along the coast. fn. 1 Hamilton (1, 41) calls these boats 'trankies'. As to their nature and the supposed derivation of the word, see Sir W. Foster's note (ibid., 1, 226), and Hobson-Jobson, 937, where Couto is cited as calling them 'terranquims' in 1554, and Hanway tarranquins' in 1753. Pietro della Valle (Viaggi, IV, 437; tr. Havers, 238) also speaks of the barques on the Persian Gulf called 'terrankim'. fn. 2 This was the former fortress of the ancient town of Rishahr, mentioned by Curzon, II, 235, and Wilson, p. 74 » #385 ed. Fawcett, The Travels of the Abbe Carre in India and the near east 1672 to 1674, Hakluyt Society, London, 1947 ~ vol.1 pp. 94-5 ※ SOURCE for Booshuhr « I only stayed long enough in Booshuhr to enable arrangements to be made for my journey to Sheeraz, and started after a couple of days. The road to Sheeraz has been so often, and in some cases, especially by Colonel Taylor, so well described, that there remains very little to say about it. It leaves the town and proceeds over an expanse of hard sand which gradually becomes more and more wet, and it is necessary to be very careful in following the track, or else to have a guide; as off the road, one might very soon get into a quicksand. » #1795 MacGregor , Charles Metcalfe, Narrative of a Journey through the Province of Khorassan, and on the N. W. Frontier of Afghanistan in 1875, ~ vol. 1 p. 14 ※ SOURCE for Bouchyr « Nous faisons halte au second village, et à deux heures, après le soleil couché, nous nous remettons en route dans la compagnie d'une caravane qui se rendait comme nous à Bouchyr. [We stopped at the second village, and at two o'clock, after the sun had set, we set off again in the company of a caravan which was going, like us, to Bouchyr.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 510 ※ SOURCE for Bushehr « The two principal ports of foreign trade were Masqat and Basrah through one or other of which passed the great bulk of the goods that either entered or left the Gulf. It was calculated that more than half of the Indian imports at Bushehr and Basrah and the bulk of those into Bahrain were received through Masqat; and, similarly, the goods arriving by land from Europe, Asia Minor, etc., were distributed from Basrah as a centre. Bushehr was now practically the only port of Persia, as Basrah was of Turkish Iraq; Bahrain served Hasa and Central Arabia through Zubarah and Qatif; and Masqat was almost exclusively a port of transit. Bushehr and Kuwait were sometimes used as bases from which to smuggle goods into Turkish Iraq and even across Turkish Iraq to Europe. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 1 pt. 1 p. 166 « Bushehr is situated at the northern end of a cigar-shaped peninsula of quaterny sandstone, about 12 miles long by 4 miles broad in the widest part, running parallel to the mainland and joined to it in the middle by a sandy plain about 20 miles wide, known as the Mashilah, which in winter more resembled a marsh. The town was a little above sea level, and until the early nineteenth century it was frequently an island, from rising tides.(3) In fact, in 1673 the town was described as being “surrounded on the west by a river, which is navigable for large boats, sand on the other side is embellished by woods and palm-groves. Most of the inhabitants are Arabs, the rest are Persians.”(4) However, already by mid-nineteenth century this flooding of the marsh was a rare occurrence, while towards the end of the century Bushehr had in fact become a peninsula.(5) fn. 3. Waring 1973, p. 2; Kinneir 1973, p. 69. fn. 4. Carré 1947, vol. 3, p. 835. fn. 5. The origin of the name Bushehr is unclear. Popular etymology has it that the name means Abu Shahr or Father of the City, which is very doubtful. Equally doubtful is A. Houtum Schindler’s suggestion that the name is a contraction of Bokht Ardashir (Ardashir has delivered). Curzon 1892, vol. 1, p. 231; E`temad al-Saltaneh 1294-96/1877-80, vol. 1, p. 300 mentions that Bushehr sometimes became an island. For the situation in 1913, see Report on the Trade 1913-14, p. 1. » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 4 ※ SOURCE for Bushir « The stoney peninsula of Bushir, 130 miles north west of Siraf, is connected to the mainland by a marshy area. Some surface findings at the end of the 19th century. Then Pezard's excavations in 1910 and finally Williamson' s survey have shed some light on the history of the city . » #2809 R. Boucharlat, J.-F. Salles, The History and Archaeology of The Gulf From The Fifth Century B.C. to the Seventh Century A.D.: A Review Of The Evidence, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1981, Vol. 11:pp. 65-94 ~ p. 69 « Bushlr has been identified with Antioch of Persis (Ptolemy, VI, 4, 2) already mentioned in an inscription from Magnesia upon the Meander (Tarn 1951 : 270 note 11). » #2809 R. Boucharlat, J.-F. Salles, The History and Archaeology of The Gulf From The Fifth Century B.C. to the Seventh Century A.D.: A Review Of The Evidence, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1981, Vol. 11:pp. 65-94 ~ p. 70 ※ SOURCE for Chersonesos « 22. Abïishehr (Büshir) … Hij beschrijft het als een "schiereiland met vele tuinen, waarin alle soorten van vruchtboomen groeien", hetgeen tot op zekere hoogte nog heden het geval is. Ptolemaeus heeft Chersonesos voor het schiereiland, zonder nadere aanduiding. Vincent (p. 395) meent dat de Grieken hiermede een woordelijke vertaling kunnen gegeven hebben van een reeds bestaanden oud-Perz. naam: Mesen = eiland, Ber = vasteland: Mesen-ber-ia, dat is dus omgekeerd Cherso nese. Dit heeft echter geen ingang gevonden. [22. Abïishehr (Büshir) ... He describes it as a "peninsula with many gardens, in which grow all kinds of fruit trees", which to some extent is still the case today. Ptolemy has Chersonesos for the peninsula, without further designation. Vincent (p. 395) believes that the Greeks could have given a literal translation of an already existing old Persian name: Mesen = island, Ber = mainland: Mesen-ber-ia, which is Chersonese in reverse. However, this has not found acceptance. ] » #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907, ~ pp. 386-7 ※ SOURCE for Mesambria « ‘In this passage they had followed the winding of the coast round a peninsula, (on which they saw plantations and gardens, with all kinds of fruit-trees,) and anchored at a place called Mesambria.'* This, therefore, could be only descriptive of the peninsula of Bushire, to the northward of which this station is to be sought for. * Voyage of Nearchus, c. 39. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971 ~ ※ SOURCE for Rev Ardeshir « Finally, Bushir is certainly the Sasanian Rev Ardeshir (Whitehouse and Williamson 1973: 40-2 ). It is an important foundation of Ardeahir I (22 4-242 ) on t he Coast, which emphasises, if needed, the Sasanian kings' interest in supervising the Gulf trade (Tabari, in Noldeke 1879: 19) . Rev Ardeshir was the diocesan centre of the Christian archbishop of Fars, created in 415 / 420 , but Christians were already numerous in 341 when Shapur II persecuted them (Fiey 1969: 182; 1974: 283-4) . » #2809 R. Boucharlat, J.-F. Salles, The History and Archaeology of The Gulf From The Fifth Century B.C. to the Seventh Century A.D.: A Review Of The Evidence, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1981, Vol. 11:pp. 65-94 ~ ※ SOURCE for Seleucia on the Erythraean Sea #382 Potts, D.T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 pp 15-6 Potts reviews the possible locations and states that the suggestion put forward by W. W. Tarn that the city was located at Bushire has been generally accepted. NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.770427 long 51.634977 VARIANT names: Bushkanat district , ※ SOURCE for Bushkanat district « Bushkanat district » in {map#1138 , Le Strange, , #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905 ~} Map 6 Provinces of Fars and Kirman « The district of Bushkänät lay half-way between and the Mândistân desert (see p. 255) to the north of Najiram. According to Mustawfi there were no towns here, but dates grew and were the chief crop, for Bushkânât was of the hot region of the Gulf (1). fn. 1 Mukaddasi and Vakût with many of the older authorities state that Dasht Barin was the name of the town, Ghundijan being that of the district. Originally, however, this can hardly have been the case, since the name Dasht Bârin, meaning the Plain of Bárin, is not applicable to a town. The name of a district or province in the East is very frequently taken over by the chief town, and following this rule when Ghundiján fell out of use, the name Dasht Barin may have taken its place, being used then for town or district indifferently, as Mustawfl remarks later, but contrariwise of the name Ghundijan. Ist. 106, 128, 130, 152, 153. Muk. 422, 423 432, 435, 445, 448. F. N. 73 a, 76 a, 796, 826, 86 a. Mst. 171, 177, 179, 218. Yak. i. 199, 890; ii. 576; iii. 5, 810. Tawwaj is often included in the Shapur Khurrah district by the earlier geographers. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 260 Bushkanat district : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057166 coordinate: lat 28.610615 long 51.844576 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bushkanat , Bushkanat district , ※ SOURCE for Bushkanat « 6. Sixth house: Bushkanat (five farsang). » #3161 Dr. Mohammad Ismail Ismaili Jolodar, A proposal to determine the location of the ancient port of Najiram based on the written texts of Sadr Islam and archaeological studies, rasekhoon.net/article/show/1012597/, 2013 ~ ※ SOURCE for Bushkanat district « Bashkanāt.(3)-A district that lies entirely in the hot region, where there are plantations of date-palms.Its lands are the camping-grounds of the Masidi tribe of the Shabänkarah. There is no city here, but Bushkan and Shananan [or Sauana] are both of the Bushkanat District. fn. 3 The text of Istakhri (p. 105) in error gives this name as Tushkānāt. The town of Búshgün is the present capital of the Buluk District, in old times doubtless called the Bushkanat; and Shanana of our text is the modern Sana in the Dashti District, lying 4 leagues to the north-west of Shambah (FNN. 212-13). See also below in the Itinerary. » #3077 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum Asiatic Society Monographs XIV, Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1912 ~ pp. 39-40 « Then the fifth stage is in 7 leagues to Büshtakan, the sixth stage is in 5 leagues to Büshkānāt, » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ p. 886 Bushruieh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLA2 UFI: 10946169 coordinate: lat 33.868447 long 57.428851 NIMA/GNS names: Bocruye , Boshruiyeh , Boshruyeh , Bushruieh , Bushruiyeh , بشرویه , VARIANT names: Bushruieh , Bust : place AFG NIMA/GNS feature: LCTY UFI: -3387477 coordinate: lat 31.4880556 long 64.3716667 NIMA/GNS names: Best , Bost , Bust , Kalabust , Kala-i-Bist , Kala-i-Bist , Kariz-e Bost , Qal`a Bust , Qal`eh-ye Bost , Qala Bist , Qalai Bost , VARIANT names: Bust , ※ SOURCE for Bust BUST [I:1344a] #EI2 Bustaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056949 coordinate: lat 27.0806 long 56.003 NIMA/GNS names: Bastanu , Bostanu , Bostanu , Bustanah , Bustaneh , Bustanu , بستانو , بوستانو , VARIANT names: Bistoun , Bostuun , Bustaneh , ※ SOURCE for Bistoun « Bistoûn » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Bostuun « Nach Kar Bendali (Kâr Band-e 'Ali) und weiter nach Bostuun (Bostânu). Unweit davon haben wir unter freiem Himmel bei einem Hirten geschlafen, der uns ein ziemlich gutes Trinkwasser wußte zu spendieren. [To Kar Bendali (Kâr Band-e 'Ali) and further to Bostuun (Bostânu). Not far from there we slept under the open sky with a shepherd who gave us some pretty good drinking water.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 143 Bustanu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056950 coordinate: lat 27.1205 long 53.03 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Bostanu , Bastaneh , Bostaneh , Bostanu , Bustani , Bustanu , Postanu , بندر بستانو , پستانو , VARIANT names: Bustanu , ※ SOURCE for Bustanu « Bustanu بسان و [name]| About 3 miles south-east of Kharabeh. [position] | 100 houses. The people are Sunnis.[houses and inhabitants] | This is the port of the surrounding districts and of Tarakameh; it is under the Nasuri Shaikh of Gābandi. There is a considerable trade with Bahrain. Tobacco and sheep from Tarakameh are exported, and about 100 bales of piece- goods and 9,000 bags of rice, etc., are imported annually from Bahrain. The inhabitants trade and cultivate grain and dates. They own 6 large boats (Sambūks, etc.) which run to Bahrain, Qatar and Qatif and are used for pearl-diving on the Bahrain banks; also 5 smaller fishing Baqarahs. [remarks] » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 pp. 1795-6 Buziyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057204 coordinate: lat 30.656263 long 48.724991 NIMA/GNS names: Boziyeh , Buz , Buzi , Buzi-ye Seyf , Buziyeh , بوز , بوزی , بوزی سیف , VARIANT names: Biziyeh , Buzi , Buziyeh , ※ SOURCE for Biziyeh « BIZIYEH بریه » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 350 ※ SOURCE for Buzi « BUZI بوزي » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 350 ※ SOURCE for Buziyeh « Buziyeh » in {map#1063 Kuwait State. Basra Division. Khuzistan Province. - 'Iraq, Kuwait and Persia. No. 10 B and C, Khuramshahr (Mohammerah), , , British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3737, f 76, in Qatar Digital Library} « BUZIYEH بزیه » « The largest town in the Fallahiyeh District of Southern 'Arabistan, more populous than the capital town of Fallähiyeh, from which it is distant 3 miles eastwards. Buziyeh is situated on both banks of Khor Doraq within a mile of its head, 2 miles south of the end of the Jarrahi River at Khazineh, and at a distance of about 35 miles via Khor Doraq from Khor Musa, but it is accessible to native sea-going craft of as much as 150 tons; at Buziyeh the creek is wide enough for two good-sized native vessels to pass one another at high tide, and is spanned by a narrow timber bridge, 60 feet in length, which connects the two parts of the town. At Buziyeh the water of Khor Doraq is drinkable, but only when the sea ebbs; its level varies with the state of the tide, of which the range is about 6 feet. The Khulfi and Buziyeh canals from the Jarrahi River separate from each other about 11 miles northwards of Buziyeh and a little above the head of Khor Doraq; after dividing they pass the town at a few hundred yards distance on the east and west sides respectively and eventually both fall into Khor Doraq, the former from its left and the latter from its right bank, at some distance below the town. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 350 Byabanak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3370817 coordinate: lat 31.6058333 long 64.9588889 NIMA/GNS names: Bayabanak , Biabanak , Byabanak , VARIANT names: Bayabanak , Byabanak , ※ SOURCE for Bayabanak « Bayabanak » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Afghanistan:, , , David Rumsey Map Collection fig. Farah I-41 U 1942} C. Khan-i-Kuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.044728 long 56.736323 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Khargur Caravanserai کاروانسرای خرگور VARIANT names: C. Khan-i-Kuh , ※ SOURCE for C. Khan-i-Kuh « quitting the Tehrán road, we struck south-west, entering a broad belt of hills covered with rhubarb, in which we found a filthy little caravanserai, known as Khán-i-Kuh. Just below it the direct route from Kermán via Kheirabád joined in, which had been explored by Captain Gill in 1880, and was traversed by myself in 1900. ... At the caravanserai I met a mild-looking old gentleman, who informed me that he was the General of the Kermán regiment, and on his way home. He had quitted the Farmán Farmá at Sirján after several months' pursuit of Husein Khán, Bahárlu (1) fn. 1 This very powerful chief rose not against the Shah, but against the Governor-General of Fárs, and finally gained the day, his enemy being dismissed from office. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 73 Ca`ik : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: 6214456 coordinate: lat 32.4261111 long 61.1088889 NIMA/GNS names: Ca`ik , Chah`ik , VARIANT names: Ca`ik , NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.459 long 66.346 VARIANT names: Cabana , ※ SOURCE for Cabana #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ Indica 23.3 Cah-i- Ganda Cah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3375401 coordinate: lat 33.7 long 61.9325 NIMA/GNS names: Cah-i- Ganda Cah , Chah-e Ganda Chah , Chah-e Gandeh Chah , Ganda Chah , VARIANT names: Cah-i- Ganda Cah , Gandatsu , ※ SOURCE for Gandatsu « 30. Gandatsu (9 miles 4 furlongs-346 miles 4 furlongs).-Water scarce forage and grass abundant. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335 Cah-i- Sahrok : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: 6216926 coordinate: lat 33.8236111 long 61.7925 NIMA/GNS names: Cah-i- Sahrok , Chah-e Shahruk , VARIANT names: Cah-i- Sahrok , Calaa-Sacht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.051074 long 52.705361 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location not found VARIANT names: Calaa-Sacht , ※ SOURCE for Calaa-Sacht « Ma prima di passare il ponte, nella ripa orientale un poco lontano, notammo due rupi alte, sopra le quali, nella cima delle medesime pietre tagliate, dicono che ne'tempi addietro vi fossero due castelli: uno di essi, il più vicino al ponte, lo chiamano Calaai sacht, cioè castello forte, e l'altro più innanzi a mezzogiorno, Calaai scechiscte, che vuol dir castello rotto. [But before crossing the bridge, on the eastern bank a little further away, we noticed two high rocks, on top of which, on the top of the same cut stones, they say that in times past there were two castles: one of them, the nearest to the bridge, they call Calaai sacht, that is, strong castle, and the other, further to the south, Calaai scechiscte, which means broken castle.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 245-6 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.354 long 63.844 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Calima , ※ SOURCE for Calima #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ Indica 26.6 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 20.221838 long 72.863352 VARIANT names: Calliena , ※ SOURCE for Calliena owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Calliena, 72.863352, 20.221838, IN, nkn, approx, 38, tmcIRa0100_026a » Cambyses II tomb : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.967121 long 52.881161 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Unfinished tomb of Cambyses II, Achaemenid آرامگاه نیمه کاره کمبوجیه دوم هخامنشی VARIANT names: Cambyses II tomb , ※ SOURCE for Cambyses II tomb « To the traveller who comes from Shiraz, the chapar khaneh of Puzeh lies straight ahead in the middle of the valley through which runs the road to Isfahan. Standing at the chapar khaneh and looking up the valley towards Isfahan, Persepolis lies to his right a mile or so distant. To the left — that is, northwards— lie the tombs and tablets of Naksh-i-Rustam, not much further off, perhaps, than Persepolis itself, but more difficult of access by reason of the circuitous route by which they have to be approached. Immediately in front and quite close by are the straggling remnants of Istakhr. Besides these chief places of interest, there are one or two of minor importance. Behind the chapar khaneh towards Shiraz, a few hundred yards will take the explorer to a curious, flat stone platform called Takht-i-Taous,— 'the Peacock Throne.' » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ pp. 191-2 [which includes a map The Neighbourhood Of Persbpolis.] camp before Padum : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.065865 long 55.130307 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: camp before Padum , camp plain : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.358319 long 47.160856 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: camp plain , ※ SOURCE for camp plain « E départ ayant été fixé au premier L de Juillet, les deux Ambaſſadeurs ſe mirent en route enſemble, et allè-rent camper dans la plaine à deux heures de chemin de la ville.Je m'écartai de la compagnie pen-dant la route, pour aller voir à Taki-Bostan [The departure having been set for the first of July, the two ambassadors set out together and camped on the plain two hours' drive from the city.I left the company during the journey to go and see Taki-Bostan.] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 pp. 184-5 NIMA/GNS feature: ans independent coordinate: lat 25.414 long 59.096 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Canasis , ※ SOURCE for Canasis #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ Indica 29.1 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.598 long 58.398 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Canate , ※ SOURCE for Canate #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ Indica 29.4 caravansarai Pazaunu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.833265 long 52.297675 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: unavble to identify location. VARIANT names: caravansarai Pazaunu , caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for caravansarai Pazaunu « At about 17 miles a ruined caravansarai Pazaunū with a streamlet of fresh water running along the road side is reached. The direction from here is S.-S.-E. up a rocky valley in which there is a continuous ascent where the going is very stony. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 66 ※ SOURCE for caravanserai [no place name given - description used for Route 84 stage 005a. PBR] « On the summit of the mountain appear the ruins of a caravanserai. We descend from it to enter an uncultivated valley. Beyond a dried-up torrent, we climb another mountain called Passanou, covered with thick woods » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 61 caravanserai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.686608 long 44.44886 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for caravanserai « Nous marchâmes jusqu'à trois heures et un quart du matin dans le désert. Nulle trace de culture ne s'offrait à nos yeux. Nous quittâmes la cara-vane pour nous arrêter au caravansérail, près duquel est un hameau d'une dizaine de feux. [We walked until a quarter past three in the morning through the desert. No trace of cultivation was in sight. We left the caravan to stop at the caravanserai, near which is a hamlet of about ten fires.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 220 Caravanserai (7 Km west of Anveh) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 27.404113 long 54.219143 VARIANT names: Caravanserai (7 Km west of Anveh) , ※ SOURCE for Caravanserai (7 Km west of Anveh) « Caravanserai (7 Km west of Anveh) Anveh, Iran (Islamische Republik), Asien arachne.dainst.org/entity/6258787 Arachne ID:6258787 Category: Orte Old serial number:163859 Informationen zum Ort Verweise Datensatz im iDAI.Gazetteer Koordinaten Long: 54.219143 Lat: 27.404113 exakt Caravanserai (7 Km west of Anveh) » online reference link [accessed 31 Dec 2024] Caravanserai (9 Km west of Anveh) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 27.400373 long 54.200544 VARIANT names: Caravanserai (9 Km west of Anveh) , ※ SOURCE for Caravanserai (9 Km west of Anveh) « Caravanserai (9 Km west of Anveh) Anveh, Iran (Islamische Republik), Asien arachne.dainst.org/entity/6258788 Arachne ID:6258788 Category: Orte Old serial number:163860 Informationen zum Ort Verweise Datensatz im iDAI.Gazetteer Koordinaten Long: 54.200544 Lat: 27.400373 exakt Caravanserai (9 Km west of Anveh) » online reference link [accessed 31 Dec 2024] caravanserai ? : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.076329 long 51.870845 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: 25x25m 6 no. 5x2 rooms north east ans south west sides, bastions at four corners VARIANT names: caravanserai ? , caravanserai ? : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.51223 long 54.333094 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: needs confirmation VARIANT names: caravanserai ? , caravanserai ? : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 30.915098 long 52.441914 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: possibly ruined caravanserai square, external walls 47m with internal courtyard 36m square having circular towers at four corners orientated 45° to north. adjacent to north east corner ruined rectangular building 34x21m VARIANT names: caravanserai ? , Caravanserai Ab Barik : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.732172 long 52.470823 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: 75x54m orientation of 75m wall 26 from north with six round corners towers VARIANT names: Caravanserai Ab Barik , ※ SOURCE for Caravanserai Ab Barik « Koordinaten Long: 52.470823 Lat: 30.732172 exakt Ab Barik » arachne dainst online reference link [accessed 10 Apr 2025] « Karavanserail Ab Barik (Taf. 13,3) (Abb. 5; 130)(92)Lage: 18 km südlich des Karavanserails Kushk-e Zar und etwa 25 km (Luftlinie) nördlich von Emamzadeh Esma'il, in + 2220 m ü. N. N., an der Kurzstrecke von Esfa-han nach Shiraz und am Kreuzungspunkt mit einer moder-nen Straßenverbindung von Yasudj über Aspar-Eqlid-Abarku nach Yazd (Abb. 5).Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit - soweit noch erkennbar -mindestens drei Iwanen und runden Ecktürmen sowie im Südteil durchgehenden Stallungen (Abb. 131).Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Vorsprünge 58 × 47 m, Hofabmessungen 30 x 25 m, bis 2 m hohe Schuttwälle. Baumaterial: Bruchsteine.fn. 92 Die Reste des Karavanserails wurden am 8. 6. 1987 aufgenommen. [Caravanserai Ab Barik (Plate 13.3) (Fig. 5; 130) (92)Location: 18 km south of the Kushk-e Zar caravanserai and approximately 25 km (as the crow flies) north of Emamzadeh Esma'il, at +2220 m above sea level, on the short route from Isfahan to Shiraz and at the intersection with a modern road connection from Yasudj via Aspar-Eqlid-Abarku to Yazd (Fig. 5).Type: Courtyard caravanserai with—as far as can still be seen—at least three iwans and round corner towers, as well as continuous stables in the southern part (Fig. 131).Dimensions: External dimensions without projections 58 × 47 m, courtyard dimensions 30 × 25 m, rubble walls up to 2 m high. Construction material: rubble.fn. 92 The remains of the caravanserai were photographed on June 8, 1987.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 77 Caravanserai Ab Barik ? : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 30.739788 long 52.462765 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: 54x37m 37m wall orientation 38 from north VARIANT names: Caravanserai Ab Barik ? , Caravanserai Ab Barik ? : arch. site IRN UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 30.744906 long 52.463045 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: 47x47m orientation at 30 from north VARIANT names: Caravanserai Ab Barik ? , caravanserai and cistern (NW Bastak) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.235011 long 54.407325 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: caravanserai and a bourkah , caravanserai and cistern (NW Bastak) , ※ SOURCE for caravanserai and a bourkah « At 1½ miles a broad stony ravine is entered, and at 3½ miles a small caravanserai and a bourkah are passed. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 8 ※ SOURCE for caravanserai and cistern (NW Bastak) « and at 3½ miles a small caravanserai and a cistern are passed. The road, now stony, leads up, winding about, some times in and sometimes outside of a nālā which is very stony and steep in parts, where it twists about between huge boulders, and is quite impassable to guns. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 69 caravanserai Basti Kamku : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.368087 long 55.022247 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bascomakoe , caravanserai Basti Kamku , caravanserai Bastu-Komakū , ※ SOURCE for Bascomakoe « Den 24. dito trokken wy voorby 3 Karrawanſera's, Ahaſimaal, Bascomakoe, en Sertang genaamd, hebbende elendige huis-veſting. [On the 24th we passed by three Karrawanſeras, called Ahaſimaal, Bascomakoe, and Sertang, who had miserable housing.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 266 ※ SOURCE for caravanserai Basti Kamku « The road now leaves the Hajamal river, and emerging into aplain some one and a half miles broad, passes between the lowclayey hills which border it on the east. At 5¾ miles the ruinedcaravanserai of Basti Kamku is passed. Water from threecisterns. Grazing poor. Fuel scanty. Supplies nil. At6 miles the road passes between dried mud hillocks which risedirectly from the side » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 33 ※ SOURCE for caravanserai Bastu-Komakū « The ground at times gravelly and stony, at other times earthy, is bare of vegetation save for some scattered furze. Two furlongs in advance the road passes the old, and rather delapidated caravanserai of Bastu-Komakū. At 12 miles 6 furlongs, we strike the river Hajamal, salt water running, a few inches deep, and 30 to 40 feet broad, bed varying in width from 150 to 200 yards. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 29 « Basti Komaku » in {map#1241 in #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ fig. 'Skecth Map to Illustrate Report of Mr. Butcher's Survey from Bushire to Bandar-Abbas During 1888} Caravanserai Dalaki : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.435066 long 51.292382 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Caravanserai Dalaki , Caravanserai Dehra ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.999993 long 54.16763 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: ruined building 24m square. VARIANT names: Caravanserai Dehra ? , Caravanserai Nakhlestan-e Bashir : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.354168 long 54.403341 Supplement: approximately external 14x14m internal courtyard 6.7x6.7m barrel roof 3.5m wide all 4 sides located 2.7km NbW of Fatuyeh VARIANT names: Caravanserai (14 Km southeast of Anveh) , Caravanserai Nakhlestan-e Bashir , Typ Senakhet km 101 (Pohanka) , ※ SOURCE for Caravanserai (14 Km southeast of Anveh) « Caravanserai (14 Km southeast of Anveh) Anveh, Iran (Islamische Republik), Asien arachne.dainst.org/entity/6258784 Arachne ID:6258784 Category: Orte Old serial number:163856 Informationen zum Ort Verweise Datensatz im iDAI.Gazetteer Koordinaten Long: 54.403336 Lat: 27.354225 exakt Caravanserai (14 Km southeast of Anveh) » online reference link [accessed 31 Dec 2024] ※ SOURCE for Typ Senakhet km 101 (Pohanka) « Zwischen Anweh und Sheikh Hozur liegen noch zwei weitere Karavanserails vom Typ Senakhet im Ort Lar-Deh-Maya und isoliert stehend bei km 101. [Between Anweh and Sheikh Hozur there are two more caravanserai of the Senakhet type in the village of Lar-Deh-Maya and one standing isolated at km 101.] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 302 caravanserai ruin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.528182 long 57.590247 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: caravanserai ruin , ※ SOURCE for caravanserai ruin « caravanserai ruin » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Hindijan H-39H 1943} « We started as early as we could for the march to Ra’in was to be a long one. We lunched under an old ruined mud arch of some departed caravanserai close to a small newer one with the same mud walle and funny wee domes » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 25 Caravanserail Kalakoli (Qadjar) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.64239 long 53.04245 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Caravanserail Kalakoli (Qadjar) , ※ SOURCE for Caravanserail Kalakoli (Qadjar) « Abh. 205 Tang-e Zandjiran, Robat Qal'eh Kushk, KeramikKaravanserail Kalakoli (Taf. 26,4; 27,1.2) (Abb. 5; 206)72 km westlich von Djahrom, 32 km westlich der Stra- Benstation am Wege nach Djahrom und etwa 22 km östlich Esfal sowie ca. 40 km südöstlich von Meymand, in + 1020 m ü. N. N., am alten Weg von Shiraz über Kavar und Meymand nach Djahrom.Am Platz sind eine ausgedehnte, mittelalterliche Burganlage, ein älteres Karavanserail, ein qadjarisches Kara- vanserail, eine Wüstung und ein dreiräumiges Emamzadeh (Abb. 206) voneinander zu unterscheiden.Das neuere Karavanserail:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, zwei winkel- förmigen Stallabteilungen im West- und im Ostflügel und vier oktogonalen Räumen in den Gebäudeecken. Vier Eck- türme.Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Turmvorsprünge 38 × 33 m, Hofabmessungen 20 x 20 m, Gebäudehöhe 4 m (Abb. 207).Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Partiell stark zerstört, teilweise als Stallung genutzt.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Qadjarisch, 19. Jahrhundert. [Fig. 205 Tang-e Zandjiran, Robat Qal'eh Kushk, ceramicsCaravanserail Kalakoli (Pl. 26.4; 27.1.2) (Fig. 5; 206)72 km west of Djahrom, 32 km west of the road station on the way to Djahrom and about 22 km east of Esfal and about 40 km southeast of Meymand, at + 1020 m above sea level, on the old route from Shiraz via Kavar and Meymand to Djahrom.On the site, an extensive, medieval castle complex, an older caravanserail, a Qajar caravanserail, a deserted village and a three-room emamzadeh (Fig. 206) can be distinguished from one another.The newer caravanserai:Type: Courtyard caravanserai with four iwans, two angled stable sections in the west and east wings and four octagonal rooms in the corners of the building. Four corner towers.Dimensions: External dimensions without tower projections 38 × 33 m, courtyard dimensions 20 x 20 m, building height 4 m (Fig. 207).Building material: quarry stone.Structural features and condition: Partially heavily destroyed, partly used as stables.Inscriptions: none known.Dating: Qadjar, 19th century.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 116 Caravanserail Kalakoli (Safavid) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.64324 long 53.042557 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Caravanserail Kalakoli (Safavid) , ※ SOURCE for Caravanserail Kalakoli (Safavid) « Karavanserail Kalakoli (Taf. 26,4; 27,1.2) (Abb. 5; 206)72 km westlich von Djahrom, 32 km westlich der Stra- Benstation am Wege nach Djahrom und etwa 22 km östlich Esfal sowie ca. 40 km südöstlich von Meymand, in + 1020 m ü. N. N., am alten Weg von Shiraz über Kavar und Meymand nach Djahrom.Am Platz sind eine ausgedehnte, mittelalterliche Burganlage, ein älteres Karavanserail, ein qadjarisches Kara- vanserail, eine Wüstung und ein dreiräumiges Emamzadeh (Abb. 206) voneinander zu unterscheiden. Das ältere Karavanserail:Typ: Lage neben dem neueren Karavanserail. Hofan- lage mit vier Iwanen, Räume an den Außenmauern aufge- reiht. Anbau eines Vorhofes. Rundtürme an den Gebäude- ecken (Abb. 208).Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Turmvorsprünge 29 × 29 m, Hofabmessungen 17,20 × 17 m, Vorhof 29 x 20 m Au- ßenmaße.Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Bis auf die Grundmauern zerstört.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Vorgängerbau des neueren Karavanserails, vielleicht safavidisch, 17. Jahrhundert. [Kalakoli Caravanserai (Table 26.4; 27.1.2) (Fig. 5; 206)72 km west of Djahrom, 32 km west of the road station on the way to Djahrom and about 22 km east of Esfal and about 40 km southeast of Meymand, at + 1020 m above sea level, on the old road from Shiraz via Kavar and Meymand to Djahrom.On the site, an extensive, medieval castle complex, an older caravanserai, a Qajar caravanserai, a deserted settlement and a three-room emamzadeh (Fig. 206) can be distinguished from one another.The older caravanserai:Type: Located next to the newer caravanserai. Courtyard complex with four iwans, rooms lined up along the outer walls. Addition of a forecourt. Round towers at the corners of the building (Fig. 208).Dimensions: external dimensions without tower projections 29 × 29 m, courtyard dimensions 17.20 × 17 m, forecourt 29 x 20 m external dimensions.Building material: quarry stone.Structural features and condition: destroyed down to the foundations.Inscriptions: none known.Dating: predecessor building of the newer caravanserai, perhaps Safavid, 17th century.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 116 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.377 long 63.647 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Carbis , ※ SOURCE for Carbis #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ Indica 26.8 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 14.016667 long 74.900002 VARIANT names: Carura , ※ SOURCE for Carura owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Carura, 74.900002, 14.016667, IN, nkn, exact, 40, tmcIRa0100_033a » Carvansaraye biseh : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.370506 long 54.346958 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: external walls approx. 20x20m internal courtyard approx. 14x14m VARIANT names: Carvansaraye biseh , Carvansaraye gahkom : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.196394 long 55.814774 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Carvansaraye gahkom , Gahkom caravansary , ※ SOURCE for Gahkom caravansary « The facilities of the second route1. Gahkom گهکم caravansary (fig. 4): Gahkom is among the villages along the route connecting Hormūz to the Iranian Plateau. The caravan route divides here into three, one leading towards Sirjān Sirjān and Kerman, the other to Tarom, Forg, and Darab داراب and the last toward Tārom, Biyūnj, and Lār. Based on the construction method and style, it is probable that this caravansary was built in the 15th century CE. » #3350 Mohammad-Bāgher Vosoughi, Welfare and Security Establishments on the Hormūz Strait: Lārestān Caravan Routes between the Fourteenth and Sixteenth Centuries CE, in: ed. Roderich Ptak and Ralph Kauz, Asian Sea Straits Functions and History (c. 500 to 1700), Orientierungen: Zeitschrift zur Kultur Asiens, , 2015, pp. 86-109 ~ p. 98 Carvansaraye jahrom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.50207 long 53.553362 Supplement: from google maps VARIANT names: Carvansaraye jahrom , Djuyom , ※ SOURCE for Carvansaraye jahrom « Three caravanserais have been built around the bazaar, which are considered part of the bazaar complex. One of these caravanserais is located in the southwest of the bazaar and is now used as a car parking. The Golshan Caravanserai is located in the southwest of the bazaar, and the Lari Caravanserai is built in the northwest of the bazaar. The height of the Jahrom bazaar used to be higher in the past and in recent years, repairs have raised the floor of the bazaar about a meter and paved it with asphalt. A stone basin has been built under the Chahar Souq. This building was registered as a national monument with the number 950 on 5/16/1352. » online reference link [accessed 10 Jun 2024] « At 20 miles Jährüm is reached, a large and scattered town extending for 2 miles, each house being surrounded by date groves. At 22 miles the large caravansarai in the centre of the village is reached through narrow filthy lanes. There is a private room which is available for Europeans. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 176 ※ SOURCE for Djuyom « Die Anlage in Djuyom besteht heute aus zwei großen Hofkaravanserails (Abb. 9; Taf. 33,1) jeweils 29 x 29 m messend, welche an einer Ecke aneinandergebaut und miteinander verbunden sind. Das nördlich gelegene Karavanserail entspricht mit seiner Anordnung von jeweils fünf Kammern an der Süd- und Nord- seite, die zu beiden Seiten von Stiegeneingängen eingefaßt sind, sowie mit den Stallungen in Form von langen Gängen an der West- und Ostseite im Wesentlichen der Art safavidischer Karavanserails und wird in diese Epoche zu datieren sein. Der südlich daran anschließende Bau weist ebenfalls fünf Kammern an jeder Seite und quadratische Eckräume auf, dürfte aber jünger zu datieren sein und läßt sich gut mit dem kleineren Karavanserail in Biris ver- gleichen. Der Erhaltungszustand beider Bauten ist im Moment außerordentlich schlecht, große Teile sind stark zerstört oder vermauert. [The complex in Djuyom today consists of two large courtyard caravanserails (Fig. 9; Plate 33.1), each measuring 29 x 29 m, which are built together at a corner and connected to each other. The caravanserail to the north, with its arrangement of five chambers on the south and north sides, which are bordered on both sides by staircase entrances, and with the stables in the form of long corridors on the west and east sides, corresponds essentially to the style of Safavid caravanserails and can be dated to this period. The building to the south also has five chambers on each side and square corner rooms, but is probably younger and can be compared well with the smaller caravanserail in Biris. The state of preservation of both buildings is currently extremely poor, large parts are badly destroyed or walled up.] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 297 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.6761111 long 53.6308333 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Caicandrus , Casandra Island , Cascandrus , Cecandrus , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Casandra Island AT Hendorabi lat 26.6739 long 53.6321 [Findlay], ※ SOURCE for Caicandrus « Caicandrus – (Καΐκανδρος [Arrian, Ind. 38.2]) - 'a small desert island' Identifications: Andarvia/Jazireh-ye Hendorabi (Abrûn, Andarûn, Andarâbà, Andarabym, Andarvia, Andrabè, Andravy, Angarvia, Hindarâbà, Hinderabi, Hinderabia, Indarawi, Inderabi, Inderabia, Indernea, Indernore, Inderuca);(76) Shitwar (Jazireh-ye Shitvar) or Busheab (Jazireh-ye Lavan) (77) Comments: With the exception of Forbiger, all authorities who have studied Nearchus' voyage concur that Caicandrus = Jazireh-ye Hendorabi, a small island about 4 nautical miles west-southwest of Sar-e Chiru, between Bandar Charak and Bandar Moqam. (78) fn. 76 d'Anville, "Recherches géographiques" (as in n. 47) 155; Vincent, The commerce and navi-gation (as in n. 26) 375; Berghaus, Geo-hydrographisches Memoir (as in n. 47) 43; Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung (as in n. 26) 54.fn. 77 Forbiger, Handbuch (as in n. 47) 579*.fn. 78 Anonymous, Sailing directions (as in n. 52) 152; Anonymous, Handbuch (as in n. 37) 180. » #2996 Potts, D., The islands of the XIVth Satrapy. Pp. 375-396 in Oetjen, R., ed. New perspectives in Seleucid history, archaeology and numismatics: Studies in honor of Getzel M. Cohen., Beiträge zur Altertumskunde 355, De Gruyter, 2019 ~ p. 385 ※ SOURCE for Casandra Island « CASANDRA infula, contra Perfidem in eius finu. Plin. » #2204 Ortelius, Abraham, Abrahami Ortelij Antuerpiani Thesaurus geographicus. In quo omnium totius terrae regionum, montium, promontoriorum, collium, ... Multi in hoc opere auctorum veterum loci corrupti, falsi, dubij, et discrepantes, emendantur, arguuntur, enodantur et conciliantur, 1587 ~ « 4. Pline nomme plusieurs isles contra Persidem; Casandra, qui ressemble fort à Caicandros, et Aracia. Mais, quand il ajoûte au sujet de celle-ci, cum monte præalto, Neptuno sacra; cette circonstance d’une montagne élevée ne convient point à Lara, que Thévenot a remarquée être très-plate’ (d’Anville 1764:156) [4. Pliny names several isles contra Persidem; Casandra, who looks a lot like Caicandros, and Aracia. But, when he adds about this, cum monte præalto, Neptuno sacra; this circumstance of a high mountain does not suit Lara, whom Thévenot noticed to be very flat’ (d’Anville 1764:156)] #2840 D Potts, The tools of an Enlightenment geographer: Unmasking the sources in Bourguignon d’Anville’s1758 treatise on the Persian Gulf, in: Edited by Jebrael Nokandeh and Abdolreza Dashtizadeh, The Persian Gulf, an Archaeological Perspective, National Museum of Iran, Qeshm, 2019, ~ « Casandra I, Inde-rabia [place] 26 40 N [lat.] 53 40 E [long.] 24 [no. of map] » #2678 Alexander George Findlay, A classical atlas to illustrate ancient geography, W. Tegg and Company, 1847 ~ index p.11 ※ SOURCE for Cascandrus « fn. 121. Strabo, 1967-1969:7: p. 307: Pliny, 1961-1968: 2: pp. 422-423; Arrian, 1966: 2: P 419. According to Arrian, Nearchus (whose account is lost) stated that the fleet first passed "a small desert island," Cecandrus (Cascandrus in Pliny: ? Hindorabi) and then "another island" (Stoidis in Pliny: ? Sheykh Sho'eyb) where the inhabitants fished for pearls. Cf. Vincent, 1807: pp. 375-376 (? Schitwar). Medieval accounts refer to pearl- fishing at Kays (Qais, Kisb) and Kishm. » #2864 R. A. Donkin, Beyond Price Pearls and Pearl-fishing : Origins to the Age of Discoveries, American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, 1998 ~ p. 72 ※ SOURCE for Cecandrus « fn. 121. Strabo, 1967-1969:7: p. 307: Pliny, 1961-1968: 2: pp. 422-423; Arrian, 1966: 2: P 419. According to Arrian, Nearchus (whose account is lost) stated that the fleet first passed "a small desert island," Cecandrus (Cascandrus in Pliny: ? Hindorabi) and then "another island" (Stoidis in Pliny: ? Sheykh Sho'eyb) where the inhabitants fished for pearls. Cf. Vincent, 1807: pp. 375-376 (? Schitwar). Medieval accounts refer to pearl- fishing at Kays (Qais, Kisb) and Kishm. » #2864 R. A. Donkin, Beyond Price Pearls and Pearl-fishing : Origins to the Age of Discoveries, American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, 1998 ~ p. 72 Casara : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.864418 long 51.478224 † basis (unknown) VARIANT names: Casara , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Casara AT Omm al-Qasar lat 27.864418 long 51.478224 [Tomaschek], ※ SOURCE for Casara « 2 Miles weiter die ebenso langgestreckte Sandinsel Omm al- Qasar (von arab. qasar Las Felsbank'; vgl. bei Balbi Casar usbend, und unter den Golfinseln beim Ravennaten V, 17, p. 385 CASARA) [2 miles further the equally elongated sand island Omm al-Qasar (from Arabic qasar Las Felsbank'; cf. in Balbi Casar usbend, and under the Gulf Islands in Ravenna V, 17, p. 385 CASARA)] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 59 [ I have been unable to locate « Omm al-Qasar » in any map or other text. The coordinates given here are 2 miles west of Umm Sila, PBR ] « [6] Casara – Müller compared Rav.’s Casara with Kaes [Qeys], a modern variant of Kish (Jazireh-ye Qeys) (Müller 1855, 360, n. 5). Tomaschek, however, noted a long, narrow, sandy island known in Arabic as Umm al-Qaṣār, called ‘Casarusuend’ by Balbi (Balbi 1590, 41), which he compared to Casara (Tomaschek 1890, 59). » #2882 Daniel T. Potts, The Persian Gulf in the Cosmographia of the Anonymous Geographer of Ravenna, c. 700 AD, Digital Archive of Brief notes and Iran Review, Samuel Jordan Center for Persian Studies and Culture University of California, 2018, ~ p. 61#2882 Daniel T. Potts, The Persian Gulf in the Cosmographia of the Anonymous Geographer of Ravenna, c. 700 AD, Digital Archive of Brief notes and Iran Review, Samuel Jordan Center for Persian Studies and Culture University of California, 2018, ~ p. 61 Casarusuend : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.864418 long 51.478224 † basis (unknown) VARIANT names: Casarusuend , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Casarusuend AT Omm al-Qasar lat 27.864418 long 51.478224 [Tomaschek], ※ SOURCE for Casarusuend « Et havendo navi gato per sirocco fino a mezo giorno mettemmo la prora per ostro per fuggir un'altes punta nella costa di Persia detta Casarusuend (447) e tenemmo quel cammino fino si hora, e poi mettemmo la prora di nuovo per simeco e cosi schivammo una punts, la quale nell'andar in Ormus non si vede, ma nel venire si scopre alquanto; e così navigando la mattina venimmo ad un luogo detto Silau (448) fn. 447. Dall'arabo qasr, castello, forse di una località Sund. fn. 448 Non identificato. [And having sailed by sirocco up to noon we put the prow to ostro to escape a high point on the coast of Persia called Casarusuend (447) and we kept that course up to this hour, and then we put the prow again to simeco and so we avoided a punts, which is not seen when going to Ormus, but somewhat discovered when coming; and so sailing in the morning we came to a place called Silau (448) fn. 447. From the Arabic qasr, castle, perhaps from a locality of Sund. fn. 448 Unidentified.] » #1572 Pinto, Olga, Viaggi d i C. Federici e G. Balbi alle Indie Orientali, Istituto Poligrafico Dello Stato, Rome, 1962, ~ p. 113 « 2 Miles weiter die ebenso langgestreckte Sandinsel Omm al- Qasar (von arab. qasar Las Felsbank'; vgl. bei Balbi Casar usbend, und unter den Golfinseln beim Ravennaten V, 17, p. 385 CASARA) [2 miles further the equally elongated sand island Omm al-Qasar (from Arabic qasar Las Felsbank'; cf. in Balbi Casar usbend, and under the Gulf Islands in Ravenna V, 17, p. 385 CASARA)] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 59 « [6] Casara – Müller compared Rav.’s Casara with Kaes [Qeys], a modern variant of Kish (Jazireh-ye Qeys) (Müller 1855, 360, n. 5). Tomaschek, however, noted a long, narrow, sandy island known in Arabic as Umm al-Qaṣār, called ‘Casarusuend’ by Balbi (Balbi 1590, 41), which he compared to Casara (Tomaschek 1890, 59). » #2882 Daniel T. Potts, The Persian Gulf in the Cosmographia of the Anonymous Geographer of Ravenna, c. 700 AD, Digital Archive of Brief notes and Iran Review, Samuel Jordan Center for Persian Studies and Culture University of California, 2018, ~ p. 61#2882 Daniel T. Potts, The Persian Gulf in the Cosmographia of the Anonymous Geographer of Ravenna, c. 700 AD, Digital Archive of Brief notes and Iran Review, Samuel Jordan Center for Persian Studies and Culture University of California, 2018, ~ NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.153841 long 56.358594 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Cassar , ※ SOURCE for Cassar « Cassar » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 « e nós esperamos por elle tres dias, nos quais o vento cresseu tanto, que as (3) fes cassar sobre huma estacada, ainda que estavamos bem amarrados. f. n. (3) Videtur agi de ancoris (cf. cassar as ancoras apud BLUTEAU, litt. C, pag.182). » [and we waited for him for three days, in which the wind grew so strong that he (3) fell them on a stake, even though we were well tied. f,n, (3) It seems to be about anchors (cf. Cassar as anchors in BLUTEAU, letter C, page 182).] #1560 ed. Wicki, Josephus, Documenta Indica, Romae :Apud “Monumenta Historica Soc. Iesu”, 1948- 18 vol. ~ vol. 4 p. 577 [from the above it is possible Cassar refers to safe anchorage ?] castle ruins ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.573444 long 54.986998 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: castle ruins ? , Cataea : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3071685 coordinate: lat 26.5374 long 53.9682 NIMA/GNS names: Jazireh-ye Kish , Jazireh-ye Qeys , Kais Island , Kish Island , Qais Island , جزيره كيش , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.788941 long 55.733559 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Cerbil , ※ SOURCE for Cerbil « Basidur, (477) Iersal (478) e Cerbil (479) fn. 477. Errato per Basidu; cf. n. 475. fn. 478. Località non identificata nell'isola di Qishm (cf. G. N. CURZON, Persia, London 1892, II, pp. 410-13). fn. 479. Non identificato. » #1572 Pinto, Olga, Viaggi d i C. Federici e G. Balbi alle Indie Orientali, Istituto Poligrafico Dello Stato, Rome, 1962 ~ p. 117 [from Basidu about lat 26.655267° long 55.286187° with a heading of 67° “to the star”, would require a change of direction to “our prow to the north” at lat 26.788941° long 55.733559° to Laft. This point could be about Cerbil. Iersal would lie along that north coast of Qeshm somewhere between Basidu and Cerbil. PBR] NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 22.028856 long 59.668879 † basis (approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Cerique , Cerrique , ※ SOURCE for Cerique listed « Spalheiro, Cueva, Cerique, Hor, Calajaoe, » in #2656 Sanson, Nicolas, Blome, Richard, Varenius, Bernhardus, Cosmography and geography in two parts, the first, containing the general and absolute part of cosmography and geography, being a translation from that eminent and much esteemed geographer Varenius ……, Printed by S. Roycroft, and are to be sold by William Abington at the Three Silk-worms in Ludgate-street, London, 1682 ~ p. 244 [overlay of map#835 positions « Cerrique » about Suwaih - overlay of map#928 positions « Cerrique » about Asilah - placed between the two at 22.028856° 59.668879°] ※ SOURCE for Cerrique north of Masirah after « Cueva » and before « Hor » in {map#928 A Generall Mapp of Arabia, with the Red Sea and Circumjacent lands . . . 1669, Richard Blome, 1669, Barry Lawrence Ruderman, Stock# 85460} also in {map#835 Afteekening van de PERSISCHE GOLF, Johannes van Keulen, 1753, Nationaalarchief, The Hague 4 VEL S6B 033 Kaart 13} [ Chabahar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055106 coordinate: lat 25.2919 long 60.643 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar Beheshti , Chabahar , Chabahar , Chah Bahar , Chahbar , Chah-e-Bahar , چابهار , چاه بهار , VARIANT names: Chabahar , ※ SOURCE for Chabahar « Chahbär, situated at the entrance of the wide but shallow Chahbar bay, is a small port with a population of about 2,000, serving what scanty trade there is from the valleys in the eastern portion of Persian Makran. Its anchorage, poorly protected as it is, appears to be considered better than any other along the arid and desolate coast of the Ikhthyophagoi as far as it lies within the Persian border. No remains of early occupation are to be seen at Chahbär, but such had been reported at Tiz, a small village and harbour, some 5 miles farther on the east coast of the bay. So the first day of our brief halt at Chahbar was used for a preliminary visit to Tiz, paid by boat in the company of the local governor, a genial elderly officer from Tabriz who did not hide his dismay at having been recently exiled to this barren land. The rapid inspection we made of the Tiz valley after landing under the picturesque cliffs which line the shore near its narrow entrance (Fig. 25), showed that the site offered sufficient interest for a closer survey. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~ p. 87 Chabis, Mitte der Stadt : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.4275 long 57.6458333333333 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chabis, Mitte der Stadt , ※ SOURCE for Chabis, Mitte der Stadt « Ortsbestimmungen zwischen Kermån und Enar.. Breite Länge Chabis, Mitte der Stadt +30 25 39 57 38 45 Lange von Lentz.. » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~p. 359 Chad Tus : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057681 coordinate: lat 27.770566 long 53.383267 NIMA/GNS names: Chad Tus , Chah Toos , Chah Tus , Chatus , Shatu , چاه طوس , VARIANT names: Chad Tus , Chatus , ※ SOURCE for Chatus « At 6 miles 2 furlongs we pass a large irrigation well, water good for drinking, but slightly brackish. At 6 miles the road passes immediately to south of the village of Chatus, containing about 60 to 70 houses with the usual fort, all of mud and stone. Inhabitants about 200. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 20 « At one mile the low limestone hills on the north side of the road, that had commenced at the village of Chatus, sink into the valley, and we pass a date grove, and a few mud and stone houses, situated at their eastern extremity. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 99 Chaghadak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058768 coordinate: lat 28.986 long 51.0364 NIMA/GNS names: Chagbadak , Chaghadak , Choghadak , Choqabak , Choqadak , چغادک , چقابك , چقادك , چگبدك , VARIANT names: Chaghadak , Chakotah , Chegadduk , ※ SOURCE for Chegadduk « At 1¾ miles, cross deep ravine, thence traverse sandy desert plain, without landmarks, until arrival at small village of Chegadduk, consisting of a small mud fort and a few date trees. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 739 Chah Alam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3193569 coordinate: lat 29.66389 long 54.82396 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Alam , Chah-e `Alam , Chah-e `Alam Chah , چاه علم , چاه علم چاه , VARIANT names: Chah Alam , ※ SOURCE for Chah Alam « at 22 miles reaches Chah Alum. Time, about 7 hours 40 minutes. Road, good, passable to all arms. A stone revetted well in the desert just large enough to let a bucket go down. Water about 10 feet below the surface is slightly brackish. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 21 Chah Bagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3054488 coordinate: lat 30.299809 long 54.855756 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Bagh , Chah-e Bagh , چاه باغ , VARIANT names: Chah Bagh , Chahbagh , ※ SOURCE for Chah Bagh « 25 CHAH BAGH 14 m. General direction N. by E. Robat is left by a good road which runs over a great plain, extending right and left as far as the eye can see. At 5¼ miles the road commences to ascend gently, and at 10 miles passes a fresh-water stream flowing out of the mouth of a well. Several other springs rise here, some of which are brackish. The road, now over a soft and sandy open expanse, rises gently until Chah Bagh is reached at 14¾ miles. Here there is a ruined fort, a few huts, gardens and some cultivation. There are no inhabitants. Water. Good and plentiful from a ganāt. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 44 ※ SOURCE for Chahbagh « Road, now over a soft and sandy open expanse, rises gently until Charbagh is reached at 141 miles. Time, 51 hours.Road, passable to all arms. Elevation about 6,700 feet. A place with a ruined fort, a few huts, gardens, and some cultivation about. It is occupied by the inhabitants of Robat during the hot weather.Water, good and plentiful from a kanat. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 22 Chah Bahar bay : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -3057395 coordinate: lat 25.3616 long 60.4573 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar Chahbahar , Chahbahar , Chahbar Bay , Khalij-e Chabahar , Khalij-e Chah Bahar , Khalij-e Chah-e-Bahar , خلیج چاه بهار , VARIANT names: Chah Bahar bay , Troesi , ※ SOURCE for Chah Bahar bay « Nearchus also anchored here: he gives no particular description of it, but calls it Troesi; [n. Troesi, according to Dr. Vincent, is full a degree and a half west of Charbár.] » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 270 ※ SOURCE for Troesi « Nearchus also anchored here: he gives no particular description of it, but calls it Troesi; [n. Troesi, according to Dr. Vincent, is full a degree and a half west of Charbár.] » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 270 Chah Banah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3055240 coordinate: lat 32.35 long 60.283333 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Banah , Chah Baneh , Chah-e Bani , Chah-i-Bani , VARIANT names: Banda , Chah Banah , ※ SOURCE for Banda « The 6. day we went some 2. forsongs ouer the moun|taines.The 7. day we went 4. or 5. forsongs ouer the moun|taines.The 8. day we went 7. forsongs.The 9. day we went some 5. forsongs.The 10. day we went 10. forsongs all in the moun|taines.The 11. day we trauelled some 3. forsongs to a towne called Banda being but a harbor or lodging place. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 51 chah basteno (delo) : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.151294 long 53.542598 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: old well VARIANT names: chah basteno (delo) , Chah Bidoo : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057434 coordinate: lat 27.7054 long 52.6268 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Bidoo , Chah Bidu , Chah-e Bidu , Chah-i-Bidu , چاه بیدو , VARIANT names: Chah Bidoo , Chah Dimeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 15068155 coordinate: lat 28.950638 long 54.585129 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Dimeh , جاه دیمه , VARIANT names: Chah Dimeh , ※ SOURCE for Chah Dimeh « After a short ascent over a stony spur it led us into a thickly wooded winding gorge, which we followed down to a spot known as Gul, where a small open space and a pool holding rain-water allowed us to camp after a total march of about 20 miles. After a night which brought a violent rain-storm and, at an elevation of 7,300 ft., a bitterly cold wind, the march was resumed northward. Badly ruined walls about Gul seemed to indicate the former existence of plantations and possibly of dwellings also. Moving over more open ground to the NW. we passed the wells of Duzdu and Chah-dimeh in hollows, marking summer camps of nomads. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 203 Chah Gazi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057457 coordinate: lat 27.6756 long 52.9257 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Gazi , Chah Gazi , Chah-e Gazi , چاه گزی , VARIANT names: Chah Gazi , Chah Hajji : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746627 coordinate: lat 27.8941 long 57.451 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Hajji , چاه حاجی , VARIANT names: Chah Hajji , ※ SOURCE for Chah Hajji #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7, 45:648-60 ~ p. 655 various Chah Chah Hajji Abul : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10389498 coordinate: lat 27.3616 long 53.147 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Hajji Abul , Mahalleh-ye Chah Hajji Abul , چاه حاجی ابول , محله چاه حاجی ابول , VARIANT names: Chah Hajji Abul , Chah Kalu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3195240 coordinate: lat 29.783333 long 54.833333 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Kalu , VARIANT names: Chah Kalu , Chah Khaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746018 coordinate: lat 27.223889 long 53.670833 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Khaneh , VARIANT names: Chah Khaneh , Chah Kharg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3754577 coordinate: lat 27.431 long 56.8874 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Kharg , چاه خرگ , VARIANT names: Chah Kharg , Chahkhark , ※ SOURCE for Chahkhark « After going 2 miles further, passed another small stream. Two and a half miles beyond this came to the village of Chah?? khark. Three and three-quarter miles further on a third stream?? was passed. The bed of this was some 200 yards across. This part of the country is open, and is known as the Sahra Chahkhark. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 26 Chah Khavar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194125 coordinate: lat 31.758657 long 54.884114 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Kavir , Chah Khavar , چاه خاور , چاه كوير , VARIANT names: Chah Khavar , Chah Khvajeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 10423511 coordinate: lat 27.6978 long 54.4094 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Khvajeh , چاه خواجه , VARIANT names: Chah Khvajeh , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.990756 long 56.913711 VARIANT names: Chah Khwa , ※ SOURCE for Chah Khwa Coordinates from GE overlay of Stein’s map {map#1013 Map No. II Parts of the Provinces of Kerman and Gulf coast, , 1931-2, #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~} Chah Kutah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057593 coordinate: lat 29.0537 long 51.1405 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Kutah , چاه كوتاه , VARIANT names: Chah Kutah , Chakotah , Charkoota , ※ SOURCE for Chah Kutah « The march of this day was twenty-four miles and a quarter. Not far from Alichangi we passed through Chahkutah, a village where lately resided the DemUkhs; an unfortunate tribe of Arabian descent, concerning whom, I had learned some particulars from Mr. Bruce » #2876 William Ouseley, Travels in Various Countries of the East, More Particularly Persia, Rodwell and Martin, London, 1819, ~ vol. 1 p. 255 ※ SOURCE for Chakotah « 3 . ????????-38 miles north north-west and west south-west-200 miles, 11 hours-51½ hours. Road very rugged and difficult, until arrival at foot of last descent into plain of Bushir. The "Huft Moolla" pass is practicable for light artillery, but at great risk to material. The low ranges, on both sides, can be crowned almost the whole way. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 739 ※ SOURCE for Charkoota « Charkoota » in {map#1161 Route of H.M. Mission through Persia on 1809, , , #3070 James Justinian Morier, A Journey Through Persia, Armenia, and Asia Minor, to Constantinople, in the Years 1808 and 1809, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 1812 ~} Chah Makhvor : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: AREA UFI: 10950630 coordinate: lat 27.265827 long 55.409266 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Makhvor , Chamkhvor , چامخور , چاه ماخور , VARIANT names: Chah Makhvor , Chah Moslem Caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.877164 long 54.641023 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: in google maps VARIANT names: Chah Moslem Caravanserai , Tang Kuh caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Chah Moslem Caravanserai کاروانسرای چاه مسلم ※ SOURCE for Tang Kuh caravanserai « to 2 feet in depth. Current slow. (N.B.-In flood this road would be im- practicable from 3 to 5 miles.) Leave the river by a short but steep ascent. Soil soft. At 5 miles the small caravanserai of Tang Kuh and its bourkah are visible at about mile's distance to the left of the road, which now runs over fairly open ground, and at 6 miles crosses a small dry nullah. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 4 Chah Mulkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.952354 long 53.037302 † basis (unknown, approximate location coordinates) Supplement: Allamurdhesht to Kir Kurzin, 3 stages total given 84 miles, actual distance 84.7 miles. VARIANT names: Chah Mulkh , ※ SOURCE for Chah Mulkh « Chah Mulkh in route Lingah to Shiraz» #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 344 Chah Nar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057494 coordinate: lat 28.0319 long 55.0501 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Nahr , Chah Nar , Chah-e Nahr , چاه نهر , VARIANT names: Chah Nar , ※ SOURCE for Chah Nar « On our left, in a hollow of the black mountains, the fields and houses of Chahnar could be seen. A roofless abambar stood in the plain. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 152 Chah Qa'edi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLX UFI: 10389540 coordinate: lat 27.3186 long 53.23 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Qa'edi , Mahalleh-ye Chah Qa'edi , چاه قائدی , محله چاه قائدی , VARIANT names: Chah Qa'edi , Chah Sheykh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746021 coordinate: lat 27.2943 long 53.2988 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Sheykh , چاه شیخ , VARIANT names: Chah Sheykh , Chah Shur-e `Olya : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 10403533 coordinate: lat 29.0751 long 54.4835 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Shur-e `Olya , Chah Shur-e Bozorg , چاه شور بزرگ , چاه شور علیا , VARIANT names: Chah Shur-e `Olya , Chah-shor , ※ SOURCE for Chah-shor « a night hich brought a violent rain-storm and, at an elevation of 7,300 ft., a bitterly cold wind, the march was resumed northward. Badly ruined walls about Gul seemed to indicate the former existence of After a gentle descent to an open grassy valley with plentiful tree-growth, which one of these little streams drains, the broad saddle was finally gained which forms the watershed between the drainage of Darab and the Niriz basin at a height of 6,450 ft. A grassy spot a little lower down, with a well which, though known as Chah-shor (the 'Salt Well'), offered fairly fresh water, allowed us to camp. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 203 Chah Shur-e Janubi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057663 coordinate: lat 27.4075 long 53.303 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Shur-e Janubi , Chah Shur-e Jonubi , Chah Shur-e Sofla , چاه شور جنوبی , چاه شور سفلی , VARIANT names: Chah Shur-e Janubi , Chah Shur-e Shomali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746022 coordinate: lat 27.419 long 53.2917 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Shur-e Olya , Chah Shur-e Shomali , چاه شور شمالی , چاه شور عليا , VARIANT names: Chah Shur-e Shomali , Chah Tala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745140 coordinate: lat 28.163632 long 53.18257 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Tala , Shahrak-e Chah Tala , چاه طلا , شهرک چاه طلا , VARIANT names: Chah Tala , Chah Talkh : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194149 coordinate: lat 28.3547 long 53.6736 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Talkh , چاه تلخ , VARIANT names: Cah-i Talkh , Caravanfera Schathalgh , Chah Talkh , Chah-i-Talkh , Chah-talk , Chakal , Chatalk , Chatalkee , Chawtalk , Chiatel , Chisalk , Ciartalk , K. Tsjai Talg , Saithal , Satalck , Satalk , Sjatallig , Tcha-Talk , Tchatar , Tʃchai-telhb , Ziatalle , ※ SOURCE for Cah-i Talkh « Cah-i Talkh » in Map 1. The routes from Shiraz to the Gulf via Lår (1638-1706). (After Jacqueline Calmard, Les routes de Chiraz au Golfe Persique.) #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 5 p. 666 ※ SOURCE for Caravanfera Schathalgh « 17 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 ※ SOURCE for Chah Talkh « Chah Talkh » is shown twice in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fasa H-39X 1948} « From Jahrum to the karavansaray of Chah-Talkh, which was the first stop, it was six farsakhs. Speelman considered Chah-Talkh had been correctly named, for it was a bad, dilapidated place that was indeed a "bitter well". Thevenot, however, averred that the ChahTalkh karavansaray was small and good, standing isolated in a valley, near to which were two cisterns, one covered with a dome and the other with a pitched roof. The well near the karavansaray was bitter, hence the locality's name. Tavernier confirms this and adds that the place abounded with bitter almond and turpentine trees. There were also rähdärs who offered deer for eating, since there were many of these. The area also abounded with partridges as big as chickens. Hedges recorded that it had a spacious karavansaray with plenty of good, fresh water and provisions, but Chardin considered it a miserable place with bad water. Rich people, he wrote, took sweet water with them in goatskins or large copper flasks, in which the water remained cool. Next to the karavansaray was another one, which was partly in ruins in 1685. According to Fryer, the karavansaray was a new and ample one, with a new cistern with only slightly bitter water. It had two new and two old cisterns in 1691. LeBrun wrote that the karavansaray was a comfortable one.(93) fn. 93 Valentijn, vol. V, pp. 263-4 (Saithal; Satalk); Fryer, vol. II, p. 201 (Chawtalk); Winninx, 17 July (Schathalgh); Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, pp. 115-6 (Tsjai Talg); Thevenot, vol. II, p. 129 (Tschai-telkh); Speelman, p. 63, who also men- tions the road protection at Sjatallig, and p. 65; ?? 1793, fol. 991 (Sjattalgh); Tavernier, pp. 315-16 (Chakal); Hedges, p. 206 (Chatalkee); Chardin, vol. VIII, pp. 468-9 (Chatalk); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 315 (Ziatalk). Membré in 1540 wrote that from Lar people carried water in skins on donkeys. Membré, p. 47; Carmelites, loc. cit. » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, p. 77 Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ ※ SOURCE for Chah-i-Talkh « (23) Chah-i-Talkh 5 farsakhs. A caravansarai. Bad road. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 notes ※ SOURCE for Chah-talk « Das Karavanserail Chah-talk wird von allen Reisenden erwähnt, die nach 1674 die Route begingen, und wird daher erst in dieser Zeit entstanden sein, in der Zeit davor scheint sich hier nur ein Rahdar-Posten befunden zu haben (36). Zwischen Cah-Talk und Djahrom no- tiert Tavernier noch eine hohe Brücke mit einem Bogen, welche er als das Werk des Imam Kuli Khan bezeichnet (37).fn. 36 Fryer15 200. fn. 37 Tavernier24 323: „... on trouve un pont merveil- leux d'une seule arcade qui prend d'une montagne à l'autre c'est des plus memorables ouvrages d'Imam Kuli Khan...". [The Chah-talk caravanserail is mentioned by all travellers who travelled the route after 1674 and therefore only came into being at this time; before that there seems to have been only a Rahdar post here (36). Between Cah-Talk and Djahrom Tavernier notes a high bridge with an arch, which he describes as the work of Imam Kuli Khan (37). fn. 36 Fryer15 200. fn. 37 Tavernier24 323: "... we find a wonderful bridge with a single arch which stretches over a mountain, among the other most memorable works of Imam Kuli Khan...".] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 295-6 ※ SOURCE for Chakal « A huit heures du matin j'arrivai à un carvansera appelé Chakal, ... Il ya à Chakal neuf ou dix radars pour la garde des chemins, et qui sont aussi maîtres du carvansera. Dès qu'on est arrivé ils vous demandent si vous voulez manger du chevreuil, étant sûrs de leur coup et n'ayant qu'à aller dans la montagne qui en est pleine. [At eight o'clock in the morning I arrived at a carvansera called Chakal, ... There are nine or ten radars in Chakal for guarding the paths, and which are also masters of the carvansera. As soon as you arrive they ask you if you want to eat venison, being sure of their choice and having only to go to the mountain which is full of it.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 316 ※ SOURCE for Chatalk « Chatalk » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 14 Karawanenwege zwischen Djahrom und Lar und Khondj und Lar sowie südlich und östlich von Lar} « On trouve au sommet de la montagne trois citernes, mais qui, la plupart du temps, sont desséchées et sans eau. La descente jusqu'à la traite est le plus rude chemin que j'aie jamais vu, étant comme semé de grosses pierres et de rochers, où les chevaux ne sauroient mettre un pied droit devant l'autre. Le gite est aussi fort mauvais entre des montagnes, dans des caravanserais, près desquels il n'y a ni habitation ni verdure. On les appelle Chatalk (*), c'est-à-dire, puits d'eau amère, de la qualité de l'eau de puits, dont l'on est contraint de se servir, lorsque celle des citernes est tarie.fn. (*) Lisez tchah-talkh. Il n'y avoit pas long-temps que ce kara- vånseray étoit achevé quand Fryer y passa, au mois de juillet 1676-7. Le pieux fondateur de cet établissement avoit dépensé des sonumes considérables pour le fournir d'eau douce qu'on y apportoit d'assez loin pour la consommation des voyageurs. Les animaux bu- voient de l'eau du puits saumâtre. A new account of East India and Persia., pag. 241. (L-s.) [There are three cisterns at the top of the mountain, but most of the time they are dry and without water. The descent to the milking point is the roughest path I have ever seen, being strewn with large stones and rocks, where the horses would not be able to put one foot straight in front of the other. The accommodation is also very poor between mountains, in caravanserais, near which there is neither habitation nor greenery. They are called Chatalk (*), that is to say, bitter water wells, of the quality of well water, which we are forced to use when that of the cisterns is dried up. fn. (*) Read chah-talkh. This karavånseray had not long been completed when Fryer passed through it, in July 1676-7. The pious founder of this establishment had spent considerable sums to provide it with fresh water which was brought from quite a distance for the consumption of travelers. The animals drink water from the brackish well. A new account of East India and Persia., pag. 241. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 467-8 ※ SOURCE for Chatalkee « August 18.-We rose from Mowueseer and lodged at Chatalkee, a spacious Caravan-Sarai, with plenty of good fresh water and provisions. »#3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 206 ※ SOURCE for Chawtalk « And as a Boundary thereto, is opposed the steepest Hill we have yet met with, insomuch that we found it a notable Task to gain the Top by the Morning of the following Day, contenting our selves to sit down at Chawtalk (2), but Nine Miles from Bonaru, being advised of a more troublesome Day's Journy the Munsel after this; not so difficult for Access as this, but a more continued Labour by the multitude of Mountains we were to Master ... Chawtalk, (by the most valuable Munificence of the Benefactor, yet living to Oversee this good Deed corn- pleated) is a noble new Caravan, an Ample and Princely Building: Near to it was, not long since, only a Well of Bitter Water, which gives Name to the Place; but by the Cost and Inquest of this Pious Benefactor, Sweeter Waters are at tfiis time produced, something more remote, for Men to Drink, though the Cattel refuse not generally the other. fn. 2 Pers. Chah-talkh, "bitter well," on the western of the two avail- able routes from Juwun to Jahrum, which is stony, hilly, and exposed to raids (Wilson, 162). Hedges (Diary, i, 206) calls it Chatalkee, "a spacious Caravan-Sarai, with plenty of good fresh water and pro- visions." » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 pp. 200-1 ※ SOURCE for Chiatel « Having mounted at the 22nd hour of the 14th, we traveled through mountains where we began to find woods and thorn trees. At the 24th hour we ate on another mountain near a stream and continued until midnight, when we took shelter in a halfdestroyed caravanserai called Chiatal, inside which they sold food, as in the last one. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 295 ※ SOURCE for Chisalk « 25th [February). Att 4 Evening sett out for Chisalk, 6 farsangs; very bad way, all hills, called the hills of Jaroone. In abundance of places was forced to gett of [f] our horses and walk on foot, and in some places the way not above a foot wide upon the eidge of a heigh mountain. About the middle of the way is [a] bridge joyneing one mountain to another Arrived at our stage about 10 at night. Chitalk a good Caravensaroy but near no village. note: Diary of 25 February 1707/8. Chisalk. Chah Talkh; Pers. chah-i-talkh, bitter well. See Fryer, II, 200, 1. 2 and 201. It is the Tchai-telkh of Thévenot (Pt. II, 129), "that is to say bitter well, because of a well not far from that Karvanseray where the water is bitter." Le Bruyn calk the place Ziatalle (II, 67) and says that the inn was a "Beautiful stone building and very commodious for travellers." A bridge joyneing one mountain to another. Fryer (II, 202) remarks of these mountains that their "Clifts could never be gained, had they not been joined together by rast Arches from Rock to Rock, their dismal Pits otherwise being rendred impassable." » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 42 and 48 ※ SOURCE for Ciartalk « Di buon'ora il Lunedi 27. ripigliammo il cammino e paſſate appena 5. miglia di pianura, cominciammo a falire e fcendere per precipitevoli montagne, per lo ſpazio di 20, miglia, fino al Karvanferà di Ciartalk. [Early on Monday the 27th we resumed our journey and having passed just 5 miles across the plain, we began to tread and descend steep mountains, for the space of 20 miles, up to the Karvanferà of Ciartalk.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p.268 ※ SOURCE for K. Tsjai Talg « den 14. Dez. Über das Djaromsche Gebirge bis zur Karawanserei Tsjai Talg 6 Farsach [December 14th. Over the Djarom Mountains to the caravanserai Tsjai Talg 6 Farsach, ] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 115 ※ SOURCE for Saithal « Op deze wildernis vind men nog eenige watertanken met goed water voorzien. Wy quamen dan eindelyk ontrent een uur na de middag (zoo wy giften) op den 14. Saithal, dito tot Saithal in een goede Karrawan- fera, leggende in een Valey, niet verre van 't voornoemd gebergte. Hier heeft men z nieuwe en verſcheide oude Tanken, ook cen vervallene Karrawanfera. [In this wilderness you will find some water tanks with good water supply. We finally arrived about an hour after noon (as we thought) on the 14th Saithal, ditto to Saithal in a good Karrawanfera, laying in a valley, not far from the aforementioned mountains. Here one has new and several old tanks, as well as a dilapidated Karrawanfera.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 264 « After the Jahrom Mountain, which had three cisterns on top, though these were most of the time empty according to Chardin, the traveler had to pass two others, one of which was equipped with a cistern. From Jahrum to caravanserai Chah-Talkh, which was the first stop, was 6 farsakh. Speelman considered Chah-Talkh had been correctly named, for it was a bad, dilapidated place that indeed had a bitter well. Thevenot, however, submits that the caravanserai Chah- Talkh was small and good, standing all alone in a valley, near to which were two cisterns, one covered with a dome, the other with a steep roof. The well near the caravanserai was bitter, hence the name. Tavernier confirms this and adds that the place abounded with bitter almond and turpentine trees (Pistacia terebinthus). There were rahdars who offered deer for a meal, of which there were many. The area also abounded with partridges as big as chickens. Hedges recorded that it had a spacious caravanserai with plenty of good fresh water and provisions, but Chardin called it a miserable place as was its water. Rich people, he wrote, took sweet water with them in goatskins or large copper flasks, in which the water remained cool. Next to the caravanserai was another one, which was partly in ruins in 1685. Fryer reported that the caravanserai was a new and an ample one, with a new cistern with not so bitter water. It had two new and two old cisterns in 1691. LeBrun wrote that the caravanserai was a comfortable one. (93) fn. Winninx, July 17 (Schathalgh); Kaempfer 1968, pp. 115-6 (Tsjai Talg); Thevenot 1971, vol. 2, p. 129 (Tschai-telkh); Speelman 1908, p. 63, who also mentions the road protection at Sjatallig. Ibid., p. 65; KA 1793, f. 991 (Sjattalgh); Tavernier 1930, pp. 315-6 (Chakal); Hedges 1967, p. 206 (Chatalkee); Chardin 1811, vol. 8, pp. 468-69 (Chatalk); LeBrun 1718, vol. 2, p. 315 (Ziatalk). Membré in 1540 wrote that as of Lar people carried water in skins on donkeys. Membré 1993, p. 47; Anonymous 1939, vol. 1, p. 219, note. » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 273 ※ SOURCE for Satalck « Durch Satalck, Deku, Schirafir, und andere gemeine Flecken und Städtgen kamen wir gegen den 7. Octobris zu Lar an. [Through Satalck, Deku, Shirafir, and other small towns and villages, we arrived at Lar about the 7th of October.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 265 « SCHILLINGER (1700) | Satalck LEBRUN (1705) | Ziatalle WILSON (1908) | Chah-Talk » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ table p. 14 ※ SOURCE for Satalk « Den 25. dito 's morgens met zons opgang quam zyn Ed:, myl gereden hebbende, aan den berg Hoffenni, den welken zyn Ed: met zyn gevolg te voet opgaan moest, alzoo het te peerd niet, dan met het uiterſte gevaar, te doen was; en quam, na nog z mylen verder geraakt te zyn, in de Karrawaanſera Satalk. [On the 25th of this month, at sunrise, his son, having ridden with him, arrived at Mount Hoffenni, which his son, with his retinue, had to ascend on foot, as it was impossible to do so on horseback, except at the utmost risk; and, after having proceeded a good many miles further, he arrived in the Karrawaanſera Satalk.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273 « Den 25. dito, na 6 mylen over den berg Jarôn gereden te hebben, in de Karrawaanſera Satalk. [On the 25th, after having ridden 6 miles over Mount Jarôn, in the Karrawaanſera Satalk.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Sjatallig « Den 30sten dito naer gewoonte 's mergens heel vroegh pakten op ende reysden weder voort en dus vier mijlen sonder yets besonders in den wegh t'ontmoeten quamen ontrent 10 uuren voormiddagh in de sera of rustplaets Sjatallig (1), een slegt, out vervallen nest en dat om de woeste plaets daar 't legt nu met regt de naem van bittere putt, gelijk Sja-talligh verduytst in onse tael betekent, dragen magh.fn. 1 Tjah talg bittere (water)put. De Simla kaart heeft Chahtalk.... In plaats van deze kleinealleenstaande karavanserai vindt Fryer er een nieuwe gebouwd, anAmple and Princely Building", die ook door de Bruyn met lof vermeldwordt (Zja talle). Dupré vindt beide karav. nog tegenover elkanderstaande, maar de oudste was geheel vervallen.tioned the stream of living water at Tangedelon), and so [On the 30th ditto, as usual, we picked up very early and traveled on again and so four miles without anything special in the way, we met around 10 o'clock in the morning in the sera or resting place Shabby (1), a poor, out of ruins nest and that because of the desolate place where it lies, it can now rightly bear the name of bitter putt, as Sja-talligh means in our language. fn. 1 Well talg bitter (water) well. The Simla card has Chahtalk. ... Instead of this small, isolated caravanserai, Fryer finds a new one built, an Ample and Princely Building", which is also mentioned with praise by de Bruyn (Zja talle). Dupré finds both caravans still opposite each other, but the oldest was completely dilapidated] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 63 ※ SOURCE for Tcha-Talk « Après une heure de marche, encore dans une route unie, on trouve deux caravan- sérails, l'un vis-à-vis de l'autre, presque au fond de la vallée. Cet endroit a pris le nom de Tcha-Talk ou double pierre. Le premier caravansérail ne semble qu'un amas de dé- combres, et il n'y a plus qu'une aîle du se- cond, où nous passâmes la nuit. Auprès sont trois citernes de forme circulaire, dont deux seulement étaient pleines d'eau. La vallée a son débouché vers le nord-ouest. [After an hour's walk, still on a level road, we find two caravanserais, one opposite the other, almost at the bottom of the valley. This place has taken the name of Tcha-Talk or double stone. The first caravanserai seems only a pile of rubble, and there is only one wing of the second, where we spent the night. Nearby are three cisterns of circular shape, of which only two were full of water. The valley has its outlet towards the northwest.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 451 ※ SOURCE for Tchatar « 9 fevrier. Même direction. En sortant de la ville, je trouvai encore quelques ruines du caravansérail dont parle Chardin, et à côté un nouveau.Après avoir traversé le Kou-Albourt par une route fort difficile et fort escarpée, nous arrivons au caravansérail isolé de Tchatar, de l'autre côté. de la montagne. [February 9. Same direction. On leaving the town, I found some more ruins of the caravanserai of which Chardin speaks, and next to it a new one.After crossing the Kou-Albourt by a very difficult and steep road, we arrive at the isolated caravanserai of Tchatar, on the other side. of the mountain. ] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 524 ※ SOURCE for Tʃchai-telhb « we came to a little Kervanʃeray ſtanding all alone, near to which are two Ciſterns, the one covered with a Dome, three or four Fathom in Diametre, wherein there are three Doors, and as many Windows; the other has a fleep Roof: this place is called Tʃchai-telbb, (that is to lay) bitter Well, becauſe of a Well not far from that Kervanʃeray whole water is bitter. There is befides, another Well behind the Kervanʃeray, but it is dry, and this place is fix Agatfch from Dgiarenn.we came to a little Kervanʃeray ſtanding all alone, near to which are two Cifterns, the one covered with a Dome, three or four Fathom in Diametre, wherein there are three Doors, and as many Windows; the other has a fleep Roof: this place is called Tʃchai-telbb, (that is to lay) bitter Well, becauſe of a Well not far from that Kervanʃeray whole water is bitter. There is befides, another Well behind the Kervanʃeray, but it is dry, and this place is fix Agatſch from Dgiarenn. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 129 ※ SOURCE for Ziatalle « Il étoit 9 heures avant que nous eusfions traverſé la montagne,nous arrivåmes une heure après au Caravanserai de Ziatalle, beau bâtiment iment de pierre, trèscommode pour les voyageurs,fitué dans une plaine bordée de montagnes, à 5. lieuës de l'endroit où nous avions paflé la nuit. [It was 9 o'clock before we crossed the mountain, we arrived an hour later at the Caravanserai of Ziatalle, a beautiful stone building, very convenient for travelers, located in a plain bordered by mountains, 5 leagues from the place where we had wandered around all night.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 315 Chah Talkh plateau summit : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.391356 long 53.849797 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chah Bid , Chah Talkh plateau summit , ※ SOURCE for Chah Bid « Chah Talkh » is shown twice in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fasa H-39X 1948} ※ SOURCE for Chah Talkh plateau summit « Chah Talkh » is shown twice in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fasa H-39X 1948} « 17 CHAH TALKH 15 m. General direction for the first 4 miles is N.-E. The road ari 2014 m. runs due north of a mile to the square fort of Käleh Kalün close to which is the Bigh-i-Amn bd, passed at of a mile; at 1 miles the Tang i-Kaln is entered between two hills about 400 feet high, the width of the entrance being 150 yards. The the road now turns N.-E., up a valley of a mile broad covered with grasses and scrubs and bounded on all sides by hills. At 24 miles the road enters the bad part of the tang, which is here a narrow watercourse running between lofty impassable hills, the bed being a mass of large stones and not over 6 yards broad, narrow- ing down in one place to 5 feet. The road is here passable with difficulty by mules and donkeys, but impassable for cavalry and camels. At 4 miles the road emerges from a ravine and runs up a steep watercourse between high banks of conglomerate. At 43 miles the road emerges from the ravine and debouches on to a level plain stretching south known as Yazd-i-Khist. This plain narrows rapidly to the N. and becomes the Chah Tiz valley, drained by by a broad and deep ravine with impassable banks, to the E. of which the road runs. This valley is bounded on either side by steep hills, some 1,500 feet high. The road stony, but not difficult, slopes gently upwards, crossing frequent watercourses running west to the main ravine. At 5 miles a cistern (containing water in March 1907) is passed. At 8 miles, the main stream is crossed and the road from this point keeps to the western slopes. At 9 miles the ruined huts of Ruzak are passed, a summer resort only. Water from one cistern; grazing very good; fuel plentiful; supplies nil. At 10 miles the valley divides, one branch running N.-N.-W., the other N.; the road follows the former, and constantly crosses it. At 10 miles a gap in the precipitous hills is passed, through which a footpath runs to Jüwün viz Käleh Alburd, a ruined fort in the hills, said to have been occupied by Rustum. At 15 miles the summit of the pass is reached. The plateau at the summit, about a mile broad, and covered with trees and grass, is known as Chah Talkh. »#3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 175 Chah Tiz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745141 coordinate: lat 28.389477 long 53.849798 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Tiz , چاه تیز , VARIANT names: Chah Tiz , ※ SOURCE for Chah Tiz « Chahtiz » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} « The summit of the pass (5400 feet), known as Chahtiz, (1) or Chahbid, (2) is a grassy plateau, sparsely wooded, sheltered on east and west by high ridges half a mile distant, and furnished with a small spring. fn. 1steep well. fn. 2 desert well or willow well. There is reason to believe that the latter derivation, though the popular one, is incorrect. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 162 Chah Vard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057701 coordinate: lat 27.4311 long 53.4363 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Vard , Chah Varz , چاه ورز , VARIANT names: Chah Vard , Chah Zanguyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10391606 coordinate: lat 28.7737 long 53.4609 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Zanguyeh , چاه زنگویه , VARIANT names: Chah Zanguyeh , Chahak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057240 coordinate: lat 29.788214 long 54.318763 NIMA/GNS names: Chahak , چاهک , VARIANT names: Chahak , Sahah , ※ SOURCE for Chahak « No sign of cultivation was seen until near the northern edge of this basin the walled village of Chahak was approached. The picture of far-advanced decay presented by it and its surroundings fully agreed with the traditional statement that, instead of depending as now on four qanāts for its irrigation, Chāhak once counted sixty or seventy. The ruined site of which a report had reached me at Niriz proved to be an area thickly strewn with potsherds extending for at least mile round the crumbling walls of a small enclosure known as Qadam-gāh to the south of the village. Plentiful glazed pottery, mostly of turquoise colour with patterns drawn in black, as well as pieces of fine lustre ware (30, 34, 37, Pl. xxvII) and plain potsherds with bold broad ribbing clearly indicated occupation of the site during medieval times. Much of such pottery was to be seen embedded in the mud foundations and walls of the ruined enclosure. Abundance of slag and iron-smeltings marked the existence of former local industries.Chāhak can be safely identified with the Sahah mentioned by Ibn-al-Balkhi along with Harah, the present Harat-i-Khurreh, to the north of Chāhak. 'The climate here is temperate, but running streams are scarce. In Sahah they get iron, and of the steel make swords and other blades, which [after the name of the town] are called Chāhaki. Both these towns are populous.' The location of the Sahah or Sahak of the Arab geographers at Chāhak is confirmed by Istakhri's itinerary, which places it between Deh-i- mürd and Sarmaqan on the route from Istakhr towards Sirjān in the Kerman province. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 206 ※ SOURCE for Sahah « Chāhak can be safely identified with the Sahah mentioned by Ibn-al-Balkhi along with Harah, the present Harat-i-Khurreh, to the north of Chāhak. 'The climate here is temperate, but running streams are scarce. In Sahah they get iron, and of the steel make swords and other blades, which [after the name of the town] are called Chāhaki. Both these towns are populous.' The location of the Sahah or Sahak of the Arab geographers at Chāhak is confirmed by Istakhri's itinerary, which places it between Deh-i- mürd and Sarmaqan on the route from Istakhr towards Sirjān in the Kerman province. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 206 Chahar Berkeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057272 coordinate: lat 27.64991 long 54.67569 Supplement: visual GE N of road - 1 building (police post), S of road - 1 cruciform cistern ?, 1 rectangular cisdtern (with roof), 1 rectangular cistern (no roof) NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Berkeh , Chehar Birkeh , Pasgah-e Chahar Barkeh , Pasgah-e Chahar Berkeh , Pasgah-e Niru-ye Entezami-ye Chahar Barkeh , پاسگاه نیروی انتظامی چهار برکه , VARIANT names: Chahar Berkeh , Chaharbarke , Char Barka , Chara Birkeh , Chehar Birkeh , Pasgah-e Chahar Barkeh , Pasgah-e Nirū-ye Entez¸ami-ye Chahar Barkeh , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Chahar Berkeh FOR Shams Sangi S. [Gaube], ※ SOURCE for Chahar Berkeh « ad valley is in reality some to wide, but is tea by the narrow Kuh-i-Fildani ridge, which is pierced in three places by streams flowing east to the Shor river. The southern half of the valley is grassy, and only salt in a few places; the northern half is a wilderness of water-worn hillocks of grey marl, and so encrusted with salt that not a blade of grass, nor, indeed, any vegetation whatever, can be seen. At the the road adopts the more northerly fork of the valley, and, leaving Aliabad, some 11 miles to the north of the commodious serai of Chahar Birkeh, ascends gently over the usual stony wastes to the so-called Tang-i-Nao, an inconspicuous ridge, which divides the Lar and the Aliabad valley, » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 158 « At the west end of the valley, the road adopts the more northerly fork of the valley, and, leaving Aliabad, some 11 miles to the north of the com- modious serai of Chahar Birkeh, ascends gently over the usual stony wastes to the so-called Tang-i-Nao, an inconspicuous ridge, which divides the Lar and the Aliabad valley, » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 158 ※ SOURCE for Chaharbarke Old Chaharbarke outpost of Aliabad in google maps ※ SOURCE for Char Barka « Persian text omitted. [14 They move from Badami and go to Char Barka, the distance is four farsakh. From Badami, the road is located in the wide and flat Kaffa and desert to Lar] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 582 ※ SOURCE for Chara Birkeh «133 (km) Chara Birkeh (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Chehar Birkeh « At 9 miles a shallow very salt stream, 10 yards broad, is crossed. At 9½ miles the large sarai of Chehar Birkeh is reached. The caravansarai is at the foot of a steep ridge, about 2,000 feet above the plain level, which continues to the S. of the road unbroken as far as Lār .Water.- Good.Fuel-Scanty.Fodder. Grazing fair.Supplies - Scanty from caravansarai. 'Aliābād, 14 miles N. E. of the caravanserai » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 170 « Chehar Birkeh Serai (Cistern) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} ※ SOURCE for Pasgah-e Chahar Barkeh UFI 15012180 coordinate 27.67099, 54.59634 Police station پاسگاه چهار برکه ※ SOURCE for Pasgah-e Nirū-ye Entez¸ami-ye Chahar Barkeh UFI 15012180 coordinate 27.64991, 54.67569 Police station پاسگاه نیروی انتظامی چهار برکه Chahar Dang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057303 coordinate: lat 28.4758 long 55.0408 NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Dang , Chahar Deh , Chehardeh , چهار ده , VARIANT names: Chahar Dang , Chahardang , ※ SOURCE for Chahardang « At 12 PM. passed a ruined village and halted at a Bourg, slightly off the road, where there was some water. 2 P.M. started again. The southern hills here began to converge rapidly, and the plain, which before was very open, narrowed considerably. After going 7 miles came to some low hills, spurs of the above, and descending by an easy gradient between two of them, came into a narrow valley with a small village in its centre called Chahardang, » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ pp. 13-4 Chahar Darreh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057301 coordinate: lat 31.761111 long 50.08 Supplement: This NIMA/GNS data location appears further south than that indicated in Kleiss Abb. 10 and Chahar Deh UFI 3057306 may be better (3.4 kms heading 328°) NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Darreh , VARIANT names: Chahar Darreh , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Darreh « Von Izeh wendet sich der Weg nach Osten über den Ort Abrak zur Karavanserailruine Cahar Darreh in +760 m ü.N.N. und weiter bergab zum Karun-Übergang Pol-e Shalu, mit den Resten einer Bogenbrücke in +720 m ü.N.N. und einer Station (Abb. 10). [From Izeh, the route turns east via the village of Abrak to the caravanserai ruins of Cahar Darreh at +760 m above sea level and further downhill to the Karun crossing Pol-e Shalu, with the remains of an arched bridge at +720 m above sea level and a station (Fig. 10).] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 13 Chahar Deh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068104 coordinate: lat 33.722361 long 56.805053 NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Deh , Jow Khvah , Jowkhah , جو خواه , VARIANT names: Chahar Deh , Chardeh , ※ SOURCE for Chardeh « We started as soon as it was dark, about half-past six, and dicl not get in until half-past eight next morning, having taken 14 hours to do 30 miles ;but tve had got past the Biluchis, or the place tvhere they were supposed to be. The next day me went on to Chardeh, a group of four villages, in the Tabbas district. » #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.), 3:9:513-46 ~ p. 522 Chahar Deh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057306 coordinate: lat 31.787171 long 50.061403 NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Deh , چهار ده , VARIANT names: Chahar Deh , Chahar Farsak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057311 coordinate: lat 30.3825 long 57.540556 NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Farsak , Chahar Farsakh , VARIANT names: Chahar Farsak , Chahar Tag : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057360 coordinate: lat 28.5758 long 53.8102 NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Tag , Chahar Tang , Chahar Taq , چهار طاق , VARIANT names: Chahar Tag , Chehar Tagh , ※ SOURCE for Chehar Tagh « The 8th mile brought us past the small village Kamshi, and, 2 a mile beyond, to the ruins of the village Chehar Tagh, wrhere there is a pretty grove of palm, pomegranate, and fig-trees, under the shade of which we breakfasted. On a neighbouring height is seen an old domed building in the style of a tomb. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 164 Chahar Taq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 10334821 coordinate: lat 28.7212 long 52.4243 Supplement: [ruins lie to 100m to west from this coordinate. PBR] NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Taq , چهار طاق , VARIANT names: Chahar Taq , Chahar Taq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057371 coordinate: lat 27.508181 long 53.272005 NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Taq , چهار طاق , VARIANT names: Chahar Taq , Chahar Taq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745143 coordinate: lat 28.709 long 53.1416 NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Taq , چهار طاق , VARIANT names: Chahar Taq , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq « Chahar Taq » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 12 : Maymand} Chahar Taq : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057383 coordinate: lat 28.9665 long 52.0329 Supplement: actually located 420 metres at heading 320° source named Chahar Taq Gonbad NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Tag , Chahar Tagh , Chahar Taq , چهارطاق , VARIANT names: Chahar Taq , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq « The dome of the Farashband Fire Temple belongs to the Ashkanian - Sasanian period and is located in Farashband , km 12 of the Farashband - Kazeron road. This work was registered as one of Iran's national works on 24 Shahrivar 1310 with registration number 16 . » at online reference link [Not confirmed coordinates. PBR] Chahar Taq (Kunar Siah) : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none NIMA/GNS dataset coordinate: lat 28.720766 long 52.42329 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chahar Taq (Kunar Siah) , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq (Kunar Siah) « Le Temple du feu e Kunar Siah du village, au bord du Rūd-i Shur, rivière aux eaux sauna- dressent sur un monticule, un ensemble de monuments réservés au culte du feu (pl. XXII). plan II) sont enclos dans une sorte de,, temenos" ou enceinte sacrée, dont la longueur est de 70 m. et la largeur de 45 m. Quoique les murs de l'enceinte qui avaient une épaisseur de 1,10 m. se soient écroulés au cours des siècles, il est néanmoins aisé d'en suivre le tracé. [The Fire Temple and Kunar Siah of the village, on the banks of the Rūd-i Shur, a river with sauna waters, stand on a mound a set of monuments reserved for the cult of fire (pl. XXII). plan II) are enclosed in a sort of "temenos" or sacred enclosure, the length of which is 70 m. and the width of 45 m. Although the walls of the enclosure which had a thickness of 1.10 m. collapsed over the centuries, it is nevertheless easy to follow its route. ] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 175 « Of the many fire temples in this area, of particular interest is the magnificent complex near the village of Kunar Siah, discovered by Vanden Berghe in 1961, which must have been one of the principal fire worship centres of Fars, possibly even that in which the Bahram fire for the entire district was kept. Kunar Siah lies on the ancient road that formerly linked Firuzabad with Bandar Taheri (Siraf), south of Firuzabad and about 18 km. from the entrance to the Gardaneh Salvakhi gorge. Standing on high ground near the river are several buildings within a sacred enclosure measuring some 70 x 45 m. The two principal monuments, a sanctuary or Ateshgah for the fire which was only accessible to priests, and a Chahar Taq where the public worshipped, are both in excellent condition.The fire sanctuary of rough-hewn stone, 10 × 8.80 m. and 4.70 m. high under a dome that rests on massive walls, consists of an enclosed room with two doors; the eastern door, almost destroyed, led into a passage connecting with the square Chahar Taq some 14 m. to the south which is surrounded by an ambulatory. There are priests' dwellings and stores to the east and south of the Chahar Taq, while 3 km. to the south are the remains of an impressive caravanserai, probably late Sassanian in date. » #888 Matheson, S., Persia. An Archaeological Guide, Faber and Faber Limited, 1979, ~ p. 253 Chahar taq Alviyeh : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.573649 long 53.812189 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Atashkade Alaaviyee , cahar taq Zarsir , Chahar taq Alviyeh , Chahar Taq Zahrshir , ※ SOURCE for cahar taq Zarsir « Among the tähär taqs proper, with corner piers and arches, there is one group which has narrow corridors enclosing the central domed chamber like the larger temple on Taxt-e Soleyman. The tāhār tãq of Zaršir (Fig. 5) is an example of this first group. (16) As L. Vanden Berghe has pointed out, the ambulatory is indicated by badly preserved outside walls. In addition, the abutments of arches which carried the vaults of the ambulatory are visible at the outside corners of the ruin. As there were arches on either side of the corners we have to reconstruct small domes above each corner of the ambulatory. In the facade of the tahär taq there are steps back above the four arches and the abutments, being the support of the barrel vaults of the ambulatory. The plan of Zaršir is repeated by the better preserved tāhār taq of Tal-e Jangi near Farrašband. (17) There the partly destroyed ambulatory, barrel vaulted with small domes above the corners, shows how easily the impression of an open canopy may arise as soon as the outer walls have vanished. » #3104 D. Huff, "Sasanian" Cahar Taqs in Fars, in: ed. F. Bagherzadeh, Proceedings of the IIIrd Annual Symposium on Archaeological Research in Iran, , Teheran, November, 1974, pp . 243-253 ~ p. 245 ※ SOURCE for Chahar taq Alviyeh « Alviyeh square is a building with a historical date from the Sassanid period. Chahartaq is located at a distance of 12 kilometers from the center of Bakhsh, around the village of Baba Arab (Alawiya) and on a hill, and it was registered as a national monument with the registration number 988 on 2 Mehr 1353. This building is made of stone and mortar and was used as a fire temple » in fa.wikipedia, short link online reference link [accessed 14 Jan 2024] ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Zahrshir « Le Chahar Taq de Zahrshir. Le village de Zahrshir est sis à peu près à michemin entre Fasa et Djahrum, soit à 45 km. au sud de la première localité et à 42 km. au nord de la seconde. Perché sur un monticule au milieu de la vallée, ce Chahår Täq se voit de loin. (pl. XXXVI). [The Chahar Taq of Zabrshir. The village of Zahrshir is located approximately halfway between Fasa and Djahrum, 45 km. south of the first locality and 42 km. north of the second. Perched on a mound in the middle of the valley, this Chahår Täq can be seen from afar. (pl. XXXVI).] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 193 Chahar Taq Farashband : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 28.865798 long 52.093944 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chahar Taq Farashband , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Farashband « Chahar Taq Farashband » in {map#1195 in #3129 Milad and Tedai, Archaeological investigation and analysis of the four-arched Farashband dome complex, Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastanshenasi Iran, 2017 fig. Map.1 Aerial image of the location of the dome complex and its distance from Basher Farashband and the other four arches region (Google Erath)} Chahar Taq Gonbad : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 28.969373 long 52.030065 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chahar Taq Gonbad , Chahar Taq-e Gumbad , gonbad atashkodeh farashban , Gonbad Four-Arched Complex , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Gonbad « Chahar Taq Gonbad » in {map#1195 in #3129 Milad and Tedai, Archaeological investigation and analysis of the four-arched Farashband dome complex, Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastanshenasi Iran, 2017 fig. Map.1 Aerial image of the location of the dome complex and its distance from Basher Farashband and the other four arches region (Google Earth)} ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq-e Gumbad « Namen Bevorzugter Name: Chahar Taq-e Gumbad Englisch (Transliteriert) چهار طاق گنبد Persisch Lage Breite: 29, Länge: 52 (Gerundete Koordinaten ) placs.gazetteerId:2733252 » at online reference link « The tähär taqs of Muk (18) (Fig. 6) and Nodaran (19) in the vicinity of Firūzābād and those of Xurma Yak (20) and Gumbad (21) near Farrasband show, besides remainders of outer ambulatory walls fn. 18. L. Vanden Berghe, Iranica Antiqua 5, 1965, pp. 134 ff.fn. 19. L. Vanden Berghe, Iranica Antiqua 1, 1961, p. 166fn. 20. ibid. pp. 185 ff.fn. 21. D. Huff, Archäolog. Mitteilungen aus Iran N.S. 3, 1970, pp. 239 ff.» #3104 D. Huff, "Sasanian" Cahar Taqs in Fars, in: ed. F. Bagherzadeh, Proceedings of the IIIrd Annual Symposium on Archaeological Research in Iran, , Teheran, November, 1974, pp . 243-253 ~ p. 245 ※ SOURCE for gonbad atashkodeh farashban « Asar-e Sabti reg. No. 16 gonbad atashkodeh farashban » #3368 Asar-e Sabti, List of Iranian national monuments (فهرست اثار ملی ایران), (Version 90 08 29): ~ ※ SOURCE for Gonbad Four-Arched Complex Persian text omitted « The achievement of this research was the identification of 18 four-arched forts between the cities of Baladeh and Farashband to Firuzabad; the number of these four-arched forts in Fars province is too large to imagine religious use for all of them, and some were probably built for other reasons and with different approaches. In this research, one of the oldest four-arched forts in this region, called the “Gonbad Four-Arched Complex”, was investigated. » #3129 Milad and Tedai, Archaeological investigation and analysis of the four-arched Farashband dome complex, Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastanshenasi Iran, 2017 ~ p. 211 Chahar Taq Kheyrabad : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.529607 long 50.507181 VARIANT names: Chahar Taq Kheyrabad , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Kheyrabad « Chahar Taq Kheyrabad Dogonbadan, Iran (Islamische Republik), Asien arachne.dainst.org/entity/6566420 Arachne ID:6566420 Category: Orte Old serial number:168691 Informationen zum Ort Verweise Datensatz im iDAI.Gazetteer Koordinaten Long: 50.507181 Lat: 30.529607 exakt Chahar Taq Kheyrabad Synonyme Kheyrabad fire temple » online reference link [accessed 31 Dec 2024] Chahar Taq Khurma Yak : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 28.760434 long 52.097375 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location cannot be established exactly VARIANT names: Chahar Taq Khurma Yak , Kharma , Xurma Yak , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Khurma Yak « The Chahar Taq "Khurma Yak".This nickname of Khurma Yak, "first date", that is to say of first quality, recalled the existence at this place of an important garden of palm trees. It is located to the west of the previous one, on the other side of the track that linked Farrāshband to Khūrāb on the one hand and to Bushkan on the other (pl. XXXIV a and plan IV). Each side of this square-plan building measures 8.50 m. externally and 5.10 m. internally. Of the Chahar Taq itself, only three pillars remain, the fourth located at the western corner is completely destroyed. Their external and internal dimensions are 2 m. and 1.70 m. respectively, their height is 6 m. Nothing remains of the dome and the arches; however, it is still possible to see that the opening of the arches was 4.50 m. » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ pp. 185-6 ※ SOURCE for Kharma « In the south of this four-arch complex, there are two other four-arch complexes called "Kharma" arches, one derived from the name of the nearest village, at a distance of 7 km, and "Anahita" (Rahni) arches, at a distance of 22 km. » #3391 Forouzan Shadrouh, Milad Vandaee, The Chahar Taqi Complex of Naqar-e Khan-e; مجموعه چهارطاقی نقاره خانه, Sasanika Archaeology, 2012 7: ~ p. 1 ※ SOURCE for Xurma Yak « The tähär taqs of Muk (18) (Fig. 6) and Nodaran (19) in the vicinity of Firūzābād and those of Xurma Yak (20) and Gumbad (21) near Farrasband show, besides remainders of outer ambulatory walls fn. 18. L. Vanden Berghe, Iranica Antiqua 5, 1965, pp. 134 ff.fn. 19. L. Vanden Berghe, Iranica Antiqua 1, 1961, p. 166fn. 20. ibid. pp. 185 ff.fn. 21. D. Huff, Archäolog. Mitteilungen aus Iran N.S. 3, 1970, pp. 239 ff.» #3104 D. Huff, "Sasanian" Cahar Taqs in Fars, in: ed. F. Bagherzadeh, Proceedings of the IIIrd Annual Symposium on Archaeological Research in Iran, , Teheran, November, 1974, pp . 243-253 ~ p. 245 Chahar Taq Mahfarkhan : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.242721 long 53.919665 VARIANT names: Chahar Taq Mahfarkhan , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Mahfarkhan « Chahar Taq Mahfarkhan Fars (Provinz), Iran (Islamische Republik), Asien arachne.dainst.org/entity/6774105 Arachne ID:6774105 Category: Orte Old serial number:171308 Informationen zum Ort Verweise Datensatz im iDAI.Gazetteer Koordinaten Long: 53.919665 Lat: 29.242721 exakt Chahar Taq Mahfarkhan » online reference link [accessed 31 Dec 2024] Chahar Taq Malik: Farrāshband. : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 28.842422 long 52.083905 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Location not known but this coordinate based on Vanden Berghe's location of Taq Tall-i Djangi « Located 5 km. South-east of Chahar Taq Malik » VARIANT names: Chahar Taq Malik: Farrāshband. , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Malik: Farrāshband. Located 5 km. South-east of Chahar Taq Malik « 1. The Chahar Taq Malik: Farrāshband.It is on the track that leads from Farrāshband to Firūzābād, 3 km. east of Farrāshband, 1 km. south of the Küh-i Ab-i Pā mountain, and 2 km. to the west of a garden called Bagh-i Malik, are the ruins of a Chahar Taq (pl. XXIX a, b), long known from the descriptions, drawings and photographs left to us by Dieulafoy and Flandin and Coste 1). » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 181 Chahar Taq Naqqarah Khanah : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.764719 long 52.107158 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chahar Taq Naghare Khane , Chahar Taq Naqqarah Khanah , chehar taghi naghareh khaneh , Nagareh Khan , Naqqare Xaneh , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Naghare Khane « Chahar Taq Naghare Khane » in {map#1195 in #3129 Milad and Tedai, Archaeological investigation and analysis of the four-arched Farashband dome complex, Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastanshenasi Iran, 2017 fig. Map.1 Aerial image of the location of the dome complex and its distance from Basher Farashband and the other four arches region (Google Earth)} ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Naqqarah Khanah « 4. The Chahar Taq Naqqarah Khānah.This Chahar Taq with its picturesque name, "house of the trumpet players", stands about 10 km. further south, in a grandiose landscape (pl. XXXIII). Like the previous one, this Chahar Taq is presented externally in a rectangular form of 10.90 m. by 8.40 m.; and internally as a square of 5 m. on each side.The two pillars on the northwest side measure, on the outside, 4.50 m. by 2 m. and on the inside, 4.20 m. by 1.70 m., those on the southeast side have 2 m. on the outside and 1.70 m. on the inside. The arches which connect these pillars have an opening of 4.40 m. and a height of 3.70 m. Of the 9.60 m. of total height, 3.60 m. are occupied by the extraordinarily well-preserved dome.This Chahar Taq was built of natural rubble stones bound with plaster mortar; the rubble stones used to build the outer courses were selected, cut and laid in a regular manner.At 4.20 m. on the northwest side, a wall still stands up to a height of 1.50 m. It probably belonged to the fire sanctuary. Further down, we still find the remains of what must have been dwellings and stores. » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 185 ※ SOURCE for chehar taghi naghareh khaneh « Asar-e Sabti reg. No. 3398 chehar taghi naghareh khaneh » #3368 Asar-e Sabti, List of Iranian national monuments (فهرست اثار ملی ایران), (Version 90 08 29): ~ ※ SOURCE for Nagareh Khan « The four-arch complex of Nagareh Khan is located at longitude 28.45.89 and latitude 52.06.44 with a height of 827 meters » #3103 Milad Vandaee, Roya Tajbakhsh and Gholam reza Maghsoudi, Sassanid fire temple Discovered in Ardašir Khore, Pars, Journal of American Science, 2013 vol. 10:3s:pp. 105-114 ~ p. 1 ※ SOURCE for Naqqare Xaneh « Less clear is the vaulting system of the ambulatory at the Naqqare Xaneh near Farrasband. (23) fn. 23. L. Vanden Berghe, Iranica Antiqua 1, 1961, p. 185 » #3104 D. Huff, "Sasanian" Cahar Taqs in Fars, in: ed. F. Bagherzadeh, Proceedings of the IIIrd Annual Symposium on Archaeological Research in Iran, , Teheran, November, 1974, pp . 243-253 ~ p. 246 Chahar Taq Nowdaran : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 28.800222 long 52.449313 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: atashkodeh sasani nodran , Chahar Taq Nowdaran , Chahar Taq-Imamzadah Naudaran , Chahar-taq , Chehar Taq , Tchehar Taq , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Nowdaran « Closer to Firuzabad there is a small Chahar Taq in good condition about 10 km. south-west of the town as the crow flies, reached by passing the old city site and then driving across country, fording several streams and a river, to reach the village of Nowdaran. » #888 Matheson, S., Persia. An Archaeological Guide, Faber and Faber Limited, 1979, ~ p. 254 ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq-Imamzadah Naudaran « Nous atteignons la montagne qui, ici, porte Ie nom de Kuh-i baramzah, pres du Chahar Taq-Imamzadah de Naudaran, au lieu-dit Gardanah Salvakhi. Cette construction, appeIee Chahar-Taq 2), date de l'epoque islamique (pI. I a). Faite de moellons bien tailles, lies par un mortier, elle a 10 m. de cote et s'eleve a une hauteur de 3,50 m. Chacun des quatre cotes est perce d'une porte de 0,80 m. de large sur 1,80 m. de haut, s'ouvrant dans un mur d'une epaisseur de 0,50 m. Un escalier de neufmarches -dont chacune a 0,80 m. de large, et 0,3° m. de hauteur et de profondeur -mene a l'extremite superieure de l'edifice qui est constitue par une coupole de 2,80 m., revetue, interieurement, d'une couche de platre portant un decor peint de l'epoque sefevide. Dans les quatre cotes sont creusees des niches d'une profondeur de 0,25 m., d'une hauteur et d 'une largeur de 0,70 111. Dix-huit metres au nord de ce Chahar-Taq, on distingue les ruines d'une construction carree de 7,50 m. de cote dont seul un angle s'eleve jusqu'a 2 m. A quelque 500 metres al'est de l'Imamzadah islamique, se trouvent les restes presumes etre ceux d'un Chahar Taq d'epoque sassanide (pI. XVI b, pI. XVII a). Comme il n'a plus que deux piliers, on lui a donne Ie nom de "du lingah" ou "du mill". C'est, comme l'indique notre plan, un edifice carre, qui fait exterieurement 8,40 m. de cote et interieurement 5 m. Les arcs sont detruits ainsi que la coupole. Les deux piliers subsistants, ceux du nord et du sud, ne s'elevent pas au-dela de 4,30 m., juste endessous des trompes. Un corridor de 2 m. de large courait autour du ChaMr Taq, corridor qui etait, a en juger d'apres les traces encore visibles, voute, aune hauteur de 2,70 m., tout au moins sur les cotes sud-ouest et nord-est; rien n'apparait plus au cote sud-est. [We reach the mountain which, here, bears the name of Kuh-i baramzah, near the Chahar Taq-Imamzadah of Naudaran, at a place called Gardanah Salvakhi. This construction, called Chahar-Taq 2), dates from the Islamic era (pI. I a). Made of well-cut rubble, bound by mortar, it is 10 m long. side and rises to a height of 3.50 m. Each of the four sides has a 0.80 m door. wide by 1.80 m. high, opening into a wall with a thickness of 0.50 m. A staircase of nine steps - each of which is 0.80 m. wide, and 0.3° m. of height and depth - leading to the upper end of the building which is constituted by a dome of 2.80 m., covered, internally, with a layer of plaster bearing a painted decoration from the Safavid period. In the four sides are dug niches with a depth of 0.25 m., a height and a width of 0.70 111. Eighteen meters north of this Chahar-Taq, we can see the ruins of a 7.50 m square construction. side of which only one angle rises up to 2 m. Some 500 meters east of the Islamic Imamzadah are the remains presumed to be those of a Chahar Taq from the Sasanian period (pI. XVI b, pI. XVII a). As it only has two pillars, it was given the name "du lingah" or "du mill". It is, as our plan indicates, a square building, which externally measures 8.40 m. side and internally 5 m. The arches were destroyed as well as the dome. The two remaining pillars, those to the north and south, do not rise above 4.30 m, just below the spits. A 2 m corridor. wide ran around the ChaMr Taq, a corridor which was, judging from the traces still visible, vaulted, to a height of 2.70 m., at least on the southwest and northeast sides; nothing appears anymore on the southeast side.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ pp. 165-6 ※ SOURCE for Chahar-taq « I proceeded across the level plain past the ramparts of Gür town towards Naudaran village to visit the ruin of a domed structure known as Chahar-tāq, and had crossed the wide winding bed of the river descending from Tang-ab, my attention was attracted by a mound rising above the flat ground. It lay near the walled hamlet of Kamālābād, situated about 4 miles in a direct line to WNW. from Firūzābād. As soon as we had ascended the mound, fragments of painted pottery, small worked flints and pieces of alabaster were picked up on the surface, thus clearly indicating that the mound marked a prehistoric settlement. So after visiting Chahar-taq, which proved to be a ruined Muhammadan tomb with a flat dome bearing plaster decoration apparently of the Saffavi period, » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 127 ※ SOURCE for Chehar Taq « Chehar Tāq » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicagfig. Firuzabad_H-39W_1948} ※ SOURCE for Tchehar Taq « Tout droit devant moi se détachent seules, sur la plaine, au loin,des voûtes noires gigantesques, ressemblant à quelque animal préhistorique,monstreux, flanquées de deux hauts minarets. On m'a ditensuite que ce sont les ruines d'un Tchehar Taq (mausolée en formede dôme). Qal'éh Daoulatabad par contre se trouve vers l'est. Dansles récits de voyages concernant la région de Firouzabad, je n'aitrouvé aucune mention de ce Tchehar T aq, construction étonnante,de proportions démesurées. [Straight ahead of me stand out alone, on the plain, in the distance,gigantic black vaults, resembling some prehistoric animal,monstrous, flanked by two high minarets. We told methen that these are the ruins of a Tchehar Taq (mausoleum in the shapedome). Qal'éh Daoulatabad on the other hand is located towards the east. Intravel stories concerning the Firouzabad region, I have nofound no mention of this Tchehar T aq, astonishing construction,of disproportionate proportions.] »#3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 176 Chahar Taq Poze kamrroee : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 28.78866 long 52.101236 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chahar Taq Poze kamrroee , Poze Kamerroi , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Poze kamrroee « Chahar Taq Poze kamrroee » in {map#1195 in #3129 Milad and Tedai, Archaeological investigation and analysis of the four-arched Farashband dome complex, Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastanshenasi Iran, 2017 fig. Map.1 Aerial image of the location of the dome complex and its distance from Basher Farashband and the other four arches region (Google Erath)} ※ SOURCE for Poze Kamerroi « The closest four arches to the north of this building are Poze Kamerroi complex, 3 km away, and Tel Jangi four arch complex, 6 km away. ... In the north, there is a dirt road that leads to the four-arch complex of Kamerroi » #3103 Milad Vandaee, Roya Tajbakhsh and Gholam reza Maghsoudi, Sassanid fire temple Discovered in Ardašir Khore, Pars, Journal of American Science, 2013 vol. 10:3s:pp. 105-114 ~ pp. 1-2 Chahar Taq Zaeer Hasani : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 28.783043 long 52.10485 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chahar Taq Zaeer Hasani , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Zaeer Hasani « Chahar Taq Zaeer Hasani » in {map#1195 in #3129 Milad and Tedai, Archaeological investigation and analysis of the four-arched Farashband dome complex, Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastanshenasi Iran, 2017 fig. Map.1 Aerial image of the location of the dome complex and its distance from Basher Farashband and the other four arches region (Google Erath)} Chahar Taq-i Izadkhast : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 31.5139197 long 52.1298051 VARIANT names: Chahar Taq-i Izadkhast , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq-i Izadkhast « Chahar Taq-i Izadkhast Qaleh Izadkhast, Iran (Islamische Republik), Asien arachne.dainst.org/entity/6258960 Arachne ID:6258960 Category: Orte Old serial number:164032 Informationen zum Ort Verweise Datensatz im iDAI.Gazetteer Koordinaten Long: 52.12980509 Lat: 31.51391966 exakt Chahar Taq-i Izadkhast Synonyme Izadkhast fire temple » online reference link [accessed 31 Dec 2024] Chaharbazar : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.903374 long 52.200851 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chaharbazar , ※ SOURCE for Chaharbazar « see » #3357 Parsa Ghasemi, Cāhārbāzār. Preliminary Report on the Identification of a Large Archaeological Site in Farāšband, in the Sasanian Province of Ardašir-Xwarreh, Iran چهار بازار، گزارش مقدماتی از شناسایی یک محوطه بزرگ باستانی در دشت بنی قطار، باچون- فراشبند، استان اردشیر خوره ساسانی, HISTORIA I SWIAT, 2020 ~ pp. 1-12 Chaharbazar online reference link [accessed 24 Nov 2024] Chaharghapi Qasr Shirin : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.52231 long 45.579093 VARIANT names: Caharqapu Qasr-i Shirin , Chaharghapi Qasr Shirin , ※ SOURCE for Caharqapu Qasr-i Shirin « In Anbetracht der bei der Konstruktion seiner Trompenzone angewandten Techniken ist der Cahartaq von Girre somit zwischen die frühesten und spä- testen Beispiele sasanidischer Kuppelarchitektur einzuordnen; wegen der nahezu identischen Mauertechnik seiner Trompen mit denen des Caharqapu von Qasr-i Shirin würde man ihn eher in die Nähe dieses, zumeist Khosro II [Given the techniques used in the construction of its trumpet zone, the Cahartaq of Girre can therefore be classified between the earliest and latest examples of Sasanian dome architecture; Because of the almost identical masonry technique of his trumpets with those of the Caharqapu of Qasr-i Shirin, he would be more likely to be placed near this, mostly Khosro II] » #3100 Huff, Dietrich, Beobachtungen zum Chahartaq und zur Topographie von Girre, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1995 vol. 30:pp. 71-92 ~ p. 81 ※ SOURCE for Chaharghapi Qasr Shirin The Chahar Qaapi is a four-arched building dating back to the Sassanid period and is located in Qasr Shirin , in the north of the city. This work was registered on 26 October 2005 with registration number 13406 as one of the national works of Iran . [ 1 ] online reference link [accessed 05 Jan 2025] Chahartaqi Tell Jangi : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.808801 long 52.120059 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chahartaqi Tell Jangi , Chahr Taq Tol Jangi , chehar taghi tel jangi , tahar taq Tal-e Jangi , Tel Jangi , ※ SOURCE for Chahartaqi Tell Jangi « Chahartaqi Tell Jangi dates back to the Sasanian period and is located in Farashband city, 2 km from Farashband dirt road, and this work was registered as one of Iran's national works on March 25, 1379 with registration number 3403. » online reference link [accessed 09 Jul 2024] « At 2 miles, on the S. side of the road, are the ruins of a building, known as Chehar Taq. Out in the plain to the S.-E. another similar ruin is sighted, and beyond it the village of Barmak (vide stage 5), said to be 2 farsukhs distant from the road. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 66 ※ SOURCE for Chahr Taq Tol Jangi « Chahr Taq Tol Jangi » in {map#1195 in #3129 Milad and Tedai, Archaeological investigation and analysis of the four-arched Farashband dome complex, Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastanshenasi Iran, 2017 fig. Map.1 Aerial image of the location of the dome complex and its distance from Basher Farashband and the other four arches region (Google Earth)} ※ SOURCE for chehar taghi tel jangi « Asar-e Sabti reg. No. 3403 chehar taghi tel jangi » #3368 Asar-e Sabti, List of Iranian national monuments (فهرست اثار ملی ایران), (Version 90 08 29): ~ ※ SOURCE for tahar taq Tal-e Jangi « The plan of Zaršir is repeated by the better preserved tähär taq of Tal-e Jangi near Farrašband. (17) There the partly destroyed ambulatory, barrel vaulted with small domes above the corners, shows how easily the impression of an open canopy may arise as soon as the outer walls have vanished. fn. 17. E. Herzfeld, Archaeological History of Iran, pp. 91 f. Fig. 12 and 13 » #3104 D. Huff, "Sasanian" Cahar Taqs in Fars, in: ed. F. Bagherzadeh, Proceedings of the IIIrd Annual Symposium on Archaeological Research in Iran, , Teheran, November, 1974, pp . 243-253 ~ p. 245 ※ SOURCE for Tel Jangi « The closest four arches to the north of this building are Poze Kamerroi complex, 3 km away, and Tel Jangi four arch complex, 6 km away. ... In the north, there is a dirt road that leads to the four-arch complex of Kamerroi » #3103 Milad Vandaee, Roya Tajbakhsh and Gholam reza Maghsoudi, Sassanid fire temple Discovered in Ardašir Khore, Pars, Journal of American Science, 2013 vol. 10:3s:pp. 105-114 ~ pp. 1-2 Chahar-taqiy-e Mil-e Milagah : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 33.950433 long 46.557759 Supplement: note error in the source cordinates given. VARIANT names: Chahar-taqiy-e Mil-e Milagah , ※ SOURCE for Chahar-taqiy-e Mil-e Milagah Persian text omitted. « The four-tower, known as Milmilhege, is located in the village of Siyah Siyah Milehege Baba Khan, part of the southern suburbs of the village of Houma, 33rd district, at 46° 57° 02° 46° 33° 28° 100° north of the center of Islamabad West County, in the geographical longitude. (Map 1) This four-tower is built 100 meters east of the aforementioned village and on top of a low ridge of sandstone, overlooking the surrounding low-lying agricultural lands. » #3427 Chāhār-tāqiy-e Mil-e Milagah: ātashkadeh’i az dowre-ye sāsāni,” Majale-ye Motāle’āt-e Bāstānshenāsi, JARCS Archaeological studies, 2009 vol. 1:no. 1:pp. 155-183 ~ p. 156 Chahchekor : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057413 coordinate: lat 27.277428 long 56.346487 NIMA/GNS names: Chahchekor , Chahchekur , Cheychagar , چهچكر , چهچکور , چيچگر , VARIANT names: Chahchekor , Chah-e Aleh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: 12284087 coordinate: lat 33.08133 long 55.561282 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Aleh , چاه اله , VARIANT names: Chah-e Aleh , Chah-e Allah Dad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3745281 coordinate: lat 30.4194 long 61.0713 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Aleh Dad , Chah-e Allah Dad , چاه اله داد , VARIANT names: Chah-e Allah Dad , Khak-i-Muhamad Darwesh , ※ SOURCE for Khak-i-Muhamad Darwesh « On the following day, rejoining our camp among some scattered tamarisk bushes, after a four miles' march over dry whitish soil, we halted at the wells of Khak-i-Muhamad Darwesh to get all hands together, and on the 1st February made a 30-mile march to Sekuha, » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 70 Chah-e Allahabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: 11140941 coordinate: lat 32.704046 long 55.365092 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Allahabad , چاه الله آباد , VARIANT names: Chah-e Allahabad , place of fruits , ※ SOURCE for place of fruits « Der folgende Tag war umb fo viel ergößlicher/als die köstlichen Früchte der Pfirschken/eigen/Mandeln u. d. g. sich überflussiger darstelleten. Das Waffer war allhier auch sehr gut. [The following day was all the more enjoyable, as the delicious fruits of peaches, almonds, etc., were more abundant. The water here was also very good.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 64 Chah-e Anjir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: 11856557 coordinate: lat 29.359666 long 55.065017 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Anjir , چاه انجیر , VARIANT names: Chah-e Anjir , ※ SOURCE for Chah-e Anjir « At 17½ miles, having reached the head of the valley, we found a deep svell of good water, where, by means of a stable-bucket and a rope, we obtained some of the contents to refresh ourselves and cattle with, this leiilg the first water we had met with since the morning » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 68 Chah-e Boneh Shuru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3056689 coordinate: lat 32.600623 long 55.450346 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Boneh Shuru , چاه بنه شورو , چاه بنه شورو , VARIANT names: Chah-e Boneh Shuru , Chah-e Dalchini : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3059118 coordinate: lat 30.712372 long 54.371663 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Dal Shini , Chah-e Dalchini , Chah-i Dalchini , Kaffeh-ye Chah Dar Chini , کفه چاه دار چینی , VARIANT names: Chah-e Dalchini , Chah-e Dar Malu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: 11072269 coordinate: lat 32.293424 long 55.502961 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Dar Malu , چاه در ملو , VARIANT names: Chah-e Dar Malu , Chah-e Do Chahi : place IRN (cistern) NIMA/GNS feature: RSV UFI: -3081927 coordinate: lat 33.295178 long 57.889865 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Do Chahi , Hauz-i-Sa`ad Beg , Howz-e Sa`d Bak , Howz-e Sa`dbeyk , Howz-e Sa`dnik , Howz-e Sa`id Beyg , Howz-e Sa`id Beyk , چاه دو چاهی , حوض سعدنیک , VARIANT names: Chah-e Do Chahi , Chah-e Faryab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3756413 coordinate: lat 28.09607 long 57.229671 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Faryab , VARIANT names: Chah-e Faryab , Maghûn , ※ SOURCE for Maghûn #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 317 Chah-e Gol : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10375931 coordinate: lat 27.437568 long 52.900868 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Gol , Mantaqeh-ye Chah-e Gol , چاه گل , منطقه چاه گل , VARIANT names: Chah-e Gol , Chah-e Gunu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057462 coordinate: lat 28.4002 long 55.3293 NIMA/GNS names: Chagani , Chaganu , Chaguni , Chah Gooni , Chah Guni , Chah Gunow , Chah Gunu , Chah-e Gunu , Chakuni , چاگنی , چاگونی , چاه گونو , چاه گونو , چاه گونو , چاه گونی , VARIANT names: Chagunu tents , Chah-e Gunu , ※ SOURCE for Chagunu tents « 30th March, Chagunu tents, 5 farsakhs ; 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. I could get no clear information concerning the direct road to Saidabad, except that it was a very bad one. The unanij 58 Six Months in Persia. mous advice of the assembly was that I should go either via Tarum on the south-east, or Rostak on the north-west ; but I had had enough of salt and heat, 3 and determined to ascend the Tang-i-Abdu and march across the mountains. ... We were in search of an encampment of nomads, and, as usual, we failed to find it till near sunset. The place is called Chagunu, and the nomads are not Turks, but Persians ; » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 pp. 157 and 160 Chah-e Hasan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: 11073262 coordinate: lat 32.86029 long 55.519856 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Hasan , چاه حسن , VARIANT names: Chah-e Hasan , Chah-e Jahan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3371580 coordinate: lat 33.1333333 long 62.4666667 NIMA/GNS names: Cahcahan , Chah-e Chahan , Chah-e Jahan , Chah-i-Jahan , VARIANT names: Chah-e Jahan , Chah-i-Jahan , ※ SOURCE for Chah-i-Jahan « 21. Chah-i-Jahan (17 miles 2 furlongs-275 miles 2 furlongs).-Water tolerably good from spring; forage for both camels and horses abundant; vegetation in the bed of the watercourse very luxuriant; no villages or cultivation near; the road rough and stony. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 333 Chah-e Kandeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3195267 coordinate: lat 28.561689 long 55.261635 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Kandar , Chah Kandeh , Chah-e Kandar , Chah-e Kandeh , چاه کندر , VARIANT names: Chah-e Kandeh , ※ SOURCE for Chah-e Kandeh « At 6 miles in Chah Kandar, a small fort containing two or three houses and a pond fed by a running stream. The track then crosses a broad dry stony shallow watercourse, and goes up over a low range of hills, whose summit is crossed at 8 miles, where the road is impassable to guns. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 40 Chah-e Kazem : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 180365 coordinate: lat 28.147063 long 53.129246 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Kazem , Dehkadeh-ye `Ashayeri-ye Chah Kazemi , دهکده عشایری چاه کاظمی , VARIANT names: Chah-e Kazem , ※ SOURCE for Chah-e Kazem « The track turns N. and at 16 miles reaches Chāh Kāzimhā. Several stone buildings recently erected by Soulat-ud-Douleh (Sardar Ashair) for his use when in the low country. A few huts always near the fort, and many tents in winter. A view is commanded over a broad plain to hills E. of river. The path continues N.-N.-E. through a low pass. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 288 Chah-e Khajijah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: 6221078 coordinate: lat 32.563772 long 61.873679 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Khajijah , چاه خجیجه , VARIANT names: Chah-e Khajijah , Mula Mustaja's Well ? , ※ SOURCE for Mula Mustaja's Well ? « 22. Mula Mustaja's Well (7 miles-260 miles 4 furlongs). » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335 Chah-e Kolangi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: 10950631 coordinate: lat 27.291544 long 55.350498 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Kolangi , چاه کلنگی , VARIANT names: Chah-e Kolangi , Chah-e Mil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3074982 coordinate: lat 31.053214 long 54.480105 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Mil , Chah-e Mil , چاه ميل , VARIANT names: Chah-e Mil , ※ SOURCE for Chah-e Mil « The road then gets covered with big loose stones, but through which six or seven camel-paths, free from stones, run side by side. At 18¾ miles a road branches off half left towards a range of hills, where Chah Mil is situated at about 15 miles distant. At 20¼ miles the halting place is reached in the desert, at the foot of the Küh-i- Dūkārū. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 45 Chah-e Mobarak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057486 coordinate: lat 27.3658 long 52.7904 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Mobarak , Chah-e Mobarak , Chah-i-Mubarik , چاه مبارک , چه مبرك , VARIANT names: Chah-e Mobarak , Chahnumbarak , ※ SOURCE for Chahnumbarak « Chahnumbarak » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Chah-e Nain : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3076276 coordinate: lat 29.833333 long 54.816667 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Nain , Chah-e Na""in , Chah-e Sorman Kuh , Chah-e Surman Kuh , Chah-i-Surman Kuh , VARIANT names: Chah-e Nain , ※ SOURCE for Chah-e Nain « till at 12¼ miles Chah Nain is reached. Road good and level, passable to all arms. Time, about 4 hours 20 minutes.A small camp of 6 huts belonging to the people of Robat, who bring their herds here to graze.Eleven donkeys, 400 sheep, 80 goats. Water from a well east of the camp. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 21 Chah-e Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057498 coordinate: lat 32.541617 long 53.501685 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Nau , Chah Now , Chah-e Now , چاه نو , VARIANT names: Chah-e Now , Orrinkca , ※ SOURCE for Orrinkca « The 13. day we went 6. or 7. forsongs to a Towne called Orrinkca, a lodging Towne. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 52 Chah-e Pahn : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057618 coordinate: lat 27.95125 long 52.463279 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Pahn , Chah-e Pahn , Chah-i-Pahan , چاه پهن , VARIANT names: Chah-e Pahn , Chah-i Pain , ※ SOURCE for Chah-e Pahn « Chah-e Pahn » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} ※ SOURCE for Chah-i Pain « Chah-i Pain » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} Chah-e Quch `Ali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: 6211891 coordinate: lat 32.479816 long 61.822113 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Quch `Ali , چاه قچ علی , VARIANT names: Chah-e Quch `Ali , well ? , ※ SOURCE for well ? « 21. A Well (8 miles-253 miles 4 furlongs). » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335 Chah-e Sagak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3081816 coordinate: lat 32.194222 long 60.835184 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Sagak , Chah-e Sagak , Chah-e Sakag , Chah-i-Sagak , چاه سگک , VARIANT names: Chah-e Sagak , Chah-e Sahari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057645 coordinate: lat 26.9994 long 55.6764 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Sari , Chah-e Sahari , چاه ساری , چاه صحاری , VARIANT names: Chah-e Sahari , Chah-e Shand `Alikhan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: 11055110 coordinate: lat 33.322446 long 56.437962 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Shand `Alikhan , چاه شند علی خان , VARIANT names: Chah-e Shand `Alikhan , Chah-e Sharaf : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057650 coordinate: lat 27.4488 long 53.1361 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Sharaf , Chah-e Sharaf , چاه شرف , VARIANT names: Chah-e Sharaf , Chah-e Shirin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3789991 coordinate: lat 34.546942 long 57.299987 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Shirin , چاه شيرين , VARIANT names: Chah-e Shirin , Chah-e Tall-e Qal`eh Varkhaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: 12284086 coordinate: lat 33.070892 long 55.594685 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Tall-e Qal`eh Varkhaneh , چاه تل قلعه ورخانه , VARIANT names: Chah-e Tall-e Qal`eh Varkhaneh , Chaheh (J16) : arch. site IRN UTM: none NIMA/GNS dataset coordinate: lat 27.7901 long 52.3873 NIMA/GNS names: Chaha , Chaheh , Chahheh , چا?ها , چاهه , چاهه , VARIANT names: Chaheh (J16) , ※ SOURCE for Chaheh (J16) « Chaheh (J16), in the southeastern corner of the valley, consists of numerous buildings (30 to 40 m2) of dry stone construction, using sandstone blocks of about 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.2 m. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p.83 Chah-e-Nou Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.542724 long 53.500843 Supplement: Chah-e-Nou Rabat Chah-e-Nou Caravanserai رباط چاه نو کاروانسرای چاه نو VARIANT names: Chah-e-Nou Caravanserai , Karavanserail Cah Now (Chahnow) , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Cah Now (Chahnow) « Karavanserail Cah Now (Chahnow) (Taf. 2,3) (Abb. 4; 21) 10Lage: 22 km südöstlich Now Gonbad, 17 km nord-westlich von Aqda, in + 1230 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Na'in nach Yazd. Der Karawanenort besteht aus mehreren Gebäuden. » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 22 Chah-i-Ali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.309876 long 56.314709 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chah-i-Ali , ※ SOURCE for Chah-i-Ali « Chah-i-Ali » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Bandar_Abbas G-40C 1942} « At 9 miles the nālā forks, and then track runs up the smaller and left hand branch, which is ex- tremely rough and rocky. This ravine leads up to the west of Chah-i-'Ali.Caravans instead of halting at Chah-i-'Ali, frequently stop at 'Isin, which lies about 2 miles to the west, and consists of 150 houses.Water. Good but limited from qanāts. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 489 Chah-i-Gaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CNLSB UFI: -3371587 coordinate: lat 32.2447222 long 62.8688889 NIMA/GNS names: Cahe Gaz Karez , Chah-e Gaz Kariz , Chah-i-Gaz , Chah-i-Ghaz , Ghaz Chah , VARIANT names: Chah-i-Gaz , Chiagaz , ※ SOURCE for Chiagaz « 15. Chiagaz (14 miles-184 miles 4 furlongs). A small fort near Siahab; water, forage, and grass abundant. Road crosses the Bukwa plain. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 Chah-i-Nau : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6005009 coordinate: lat 27.289355 long 53.309885 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Now , Chah Now-ye Deh Sheykh , Chah Now-ye Sofla , Chah-i-Nau , چاه نو , چاه نو ده شيخ , VARIANT names: Chah-i-Nau , Chah-i-Siah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013478 coordinate: lat 32.8383 long 51.3969 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-i-Siah , Chaleh Siah , Chaleh Siah-e Kohneh , Chaleh Siyah , چاله سیاه کهنه , VARIANT names: Chah-i-Siah , ※ SOURCE for Chah-i-Siah « At 13¾ miles Chah-i-Sinh is reached, where there is a good ganāt. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 234 Chahistan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057522 coordinate: lat 27.5141 long 56.7179 NIMA/GNS names: Chahestan , Chahistan , Shahestan , چاهستان , شاهستان , VARIANT names: Chahistan , ※ SOURCE for Chahistan #1511 p. 655 « At 10-5 A.M. came to the village of ??Chahistan, 11½ miles, breakfasted, and left at 11-25 A.M. Sun very hot. Still keeping along the road went to the north-east, through country still more park-like in appearance. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 24 Chah-Khavar caravansarai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.760798 long 54.888685 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chah-Khavar caravansarai , ※ SOURCE for Chah-Khavar caravansarai « By daylight we were astir, the guide cast about and recovered the road, and in an hour we reached the caravansarai of Chah- Kâvar. This stands near the bed of the river, with nothing but bare stony ridges and dry rocky hills all around; it is a large and well-built caravansarai, with a well of brackish water, but quite solitary and untenanted. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 252 Chahuk : place IRN (cistern) NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: -3057726 coordinate: lat 32.371159 long 54.418656 NIMA/GNS names: Chahak-e Ardakan , Chahuk , Chak Chak , Chek Chek , Robat Chahak , چاهوک , رباط چاهک , VARIANT names: Chahuk , Chahu-ye Sharqi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10024106 coordinate: lat 26.6916 long 55.509 NIMA/GNS names: Chahu-ye Sharqi , چاهوی شرقی , VARIANT names: Chaha , Chahoo , Chahu , Chahu-ye Sharqi , Chau , ※ SOURCE for Chaha « Die Insel Kišm (Queixo me oder Broct¹)) liegt in der Nähe s der Küste des Festlandes von Persien, nur durch einen engen Meeresarm davon getrennt.... fn. 1 Teixeira kennt auf der Insel die Häfen Dargahon (heute Darguwan), Lapht (heute Laft), Chau (heute Chaha) und Sermion (auch Sirmio), sämtlich auf der Innenseite (2, 65); Lapht erwähnt er auch als Ortschaft (2, 9). Zu Teixeira's Zeit war der blühende Ackerbau der Insel durch Araber vernichtet worden. Vgl. weiter Iran (II) 82ff [The island of Kišm (Queixo me or Broct¹)) is located off the coast of mainland Persia, separated from it only by a narrow estuary.... fn. 1 Teixeira knows the ports of Dargahon (today Darguwan), Lapht (today Laft), Chau (today Chaha) and Sermion (also Sirmio) on the island, all on the interior (2, 65); He also mentions Lapht as a village (2, 9). In Teixeira's time the flourishing agriculture of the island had been destroyed by the Arabs. See also Iran (II) 82ff] » ※ SOURCE for Chahoo « Chahoo » in {map#1040 Trigonometrical Survey of Clarence’s Strait, Gulf of Persia, Commr. G.B. Brucks and Lieutt. S.B. Haines. H.C. Marine, 1828, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3630/28/2, in Qatar Digital Library} sheet 2 ※ SOURCE for Chahu « Between Gurán and Básidu are the following villages:- Cháhu, about 7 miles from Gurán, a small scattered village chiefly inhabited by fishermen, about half a mile from the coast, with a date grove to the N.W. of it; this place is opposite Kishkúh hill, already described, and there is a white tomb near it, which is seen from the strait. Dúlu and Tersai, two small villages, with date trees, about 3 miles from the last; the inhabitants are cultivators and fishermen. Kunársiya, a larger place, one mile from the last, and 94 from Básidu point, lies about a mile from the shore, and has a date grove north of it. Neither of these last three are seen from the strait. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 224 ※ SOURCE for Chau « Die Insel Kišm (Queixo me oder Broct¹)) liegt in der Nähe s der Küste des Festlandes von Persien, nur durch einen engen Meeresarm davon getrennt.... fn. 1 Teixeira kennt auf der Insel die Häfen Dargahon (heute Darguwan), Lapht (heute Laft), Chau (heute Chaha) und Sermion (auch Sirmio), sämtlich auf der Innenseite (2, 65); Lapht erwähnt er auch als Ortschaft (2, 9). Zu Teixeira's Zeit war der blühende Ackerbau der Insel durch Araber vernichtet worden. Vgl. weiter Iran (II) 82ff [The island of Kišm (Queixo me or Broct¹)) is located off the coast of mainland Persia, separated from it only by a narrow estuary.... fn. 1 Teixeira knows the ports of Dargahon (today Darguwan), Lapht (today Laft), Chau (today Chaha) and Sermion (also Sirmio) on the island, all on the interior (2, 65); He also mentions Lapht as a village (2, 9). In Teixeira's time the flourishing agriculture of the island had been destroyed by the Arabs. See also Iran (II) 82ff] » Chaki : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057739 coordinate: lat 27.59452 long 54.89943 NIMA/GNS names: Chaki , Chaki Dozdgah , چکی , VARIANT names: Chak Chak , Chaki , Cheki , Chuka , Chuki , S. Tschektschek , Sjek Sjek , 't Sjekke-sek , Tchek-Tchek , Tʃchektʃchek , ※ SOURCE for Chak Chak « Persian text omitted. [After going two farsakhs, they reached a pass called Chak Chak, which is somewhat difficult to pass. When the pass ends, there are two ponds, a caravanserai, and a spring. Some words have disappeared.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 582 ※ SOURCE for Chaki « Chaki (2 cisterns)» in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} « Chaki » in {map#1214 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Parts of Persia and Arabia, Surveyor General of India, , University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet 18 1908} ※ SOURCE for Cheki « Cheki » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 14 Karawanenwege zwischen Djahrom und Lar und Khondj und Lar sowie südlich und östlich von Lar} ※ SOURCE for Chuka «109 (km) Chuka (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Chuki « Chuki » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} ※ SOURCE for S. Tschektschek «109 (km) S. Tschektschek (Thévenot) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Sjek Sjek « Den 23. dito trokken wy voorby twee eenzame Manſels, ieder 2 Karrawanſera's en water-tangen hebbende, d'eene Bahadini, en d'andere Sjek Sjek genaamd; [On the 23rd day we passed by two lonely Manſels, each having 2 Karrawanſeras and water-tongs, one called Bahadini, and the other Sjek Sjek;] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 266 ※ SOURCE for 't Sjekke-sek « Naarmiddagh ten vier uuren saten ook tegelijk weder te paart en naar drie uuren rijdens over seer snoot en leelijk gebergte passeerden eene carewansera genaamt 't Sjekke-sek (1), fn. 1 Thérenot en Dupré schrijven het Tchek-Tchek. De Simla kaart heeft Chuki. [At four o'clock in the afternoon we paired up again at the same time and after a three-hour drive over very snooty and ugly mountains, we passed a carewansera called 't Sjekke-sek (1) fn. 1 Thérenot and Dupré write the Tchek-Tchek. The Simla card has Chuki.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 43 ※ SOURCE for Tchek-Tchek « Laissant à droite un sentier qui conduisait à un camp de nomades, nous allons prendre quelques instans de repos à Tchek-Tchek, où sont deux caravansérails qui tombent en rui- nes, et, dans leur voisinage, quatre citernes, dont une seule manquait d'eau. [Leaving on the right a path which led to a nomad camp, we will take a few moments of rest at Tchek-Tchek, where there are two caravanserais which are falling into ruins, and, in their vicinity, four cisterns, only one of which lacked water.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 430 ※ SOURCE for Tʃchektʃchek « and about ſeven by another called Tʃchektʃchek, by this laſt there is a Hut where Rhadars Lodge; about eight a Clock we entered in amongst Hills » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 132 Chalang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058315 coordinate: lat 30.8975 long 61.3973 NIMA/GNS names: Chalang , Chelang , Cheleng , Chilling , Sheleng , چلنگ , VARIANT names: Chalang , Chelling / Chiling , ※ SOURCE for Chelling / Chiling « The towns of Deshtak, Chelling, Burj-i-Alam Khan, Bahramabad, Kimmali, and others of less note are actually on the banks of this main canal. But » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 73 variation in the map « Chiling » in {map#1274 in #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873 43:65-83 ~ fig. Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-had by Sistun} Chaleh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.932571 long 53.235264 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chaleh , ※ SOURCE for Chaleh « At 4 miles Chaleh on the W. bank of the river. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 [stage distance 17½ miles actual length 22.3 miles. corrected to 5.1 miles. PBR] Cham Buzi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194166 coordinate: lat 28.083333 long 52.833333 NIMA/GNS names: Cham Buzi , Cham-e Nur , چم نور , VARIANT names: Cham Buzi , ※ SOURCE for Cham Buzi « At 14 miles emerge on to the open valley of Kürdeh stretch- ing W.-N.-W. to Duzdgah and E.-S.-E. to Garmusht. Kürdeh is reached at 15 miles, 40 huts, 6,000 date palms. Tracks diverge to Pas Rūdak (1 stage), Hangam vid Cham Buzi, 3 stages, and Garmusht 1 stage. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 163 « Cham Buzi » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad H-39W 1948} « Cham Buzi » in {map#1237 World Road Maps, Series 1304W Edition 1-AMS, U. S. Corps of Engineers, 1963-68, fig. sheet 5 Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait (and vicinity)} Cham Kapkab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.106567 long 52.888045 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Cham Kapkab , Kupkab , ※ SOURCE for Cham Kapkab « Cham Kapkab - 4 m. N.-W. of Gird Bisheh in Rüdkhaneh Waz valley. » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 204 ※ SOURCE for Kupkab « For some way after this it can be followed on horse or foot, through the plains of Afzar and Laghar-o-Makú, through the Tang-i-Shahriyari to Kupkab, near Gird Bisheh, where the valley is about 3 miles broad. » #2823 United States. Office of Geography, A Gazetteer of Arabia, Iraq, Iran, and Parts of Pakistan, and India, 1948, ~ p. 756 Cham Rah-e Malek : stream grp 5 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: -3058000 coordinate: lat 29.7333 long 50.8059 NIMA/GNS names: Cham Rah Malek , Cham Rah Melek , Cham Rah-e Malek , Cham Rah-e Malek , Cham-e Deh Malek , Cham-e Rah-e Malek , چم ده ملک , چم ره ملك , VARIANT names: Cham Rah-e Malek , Cham Surg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057946 coordinate: lat 33.971226 long 45.945381 NIMA/GNS names: Cham Surag , Cham Surg , Cham-e Surag , چم سورگ , VARIANT names: Cham Surg , Chamsura , Jamsuri , ※ SOURCE for Chamsura « Chamsura » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No.2 Baghdad 1917} ※ SOURCE for Jamsuri « Jamsuri ("Chamsura"), 217 » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 258 Chaman Soltan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057885 coordinate: lat 33.288133 long 49.893087 NIMA/GNS names: Cham Soltan , Chaman Soltan , Chaman Sultan , Chaman-i-Sultan , Shahrak-e Emam , چم سلطان , چمن سلطان , شهرک امام , VARIANT names: Chaman Soltan , Chamansoltan , ※ SOURCE for Chamansoltan « Chamansoltan » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 3 Karte Irans, Ausschnitt der Regionen Teheran - Esfahan - Shiraz} Chaman-e Buraki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057120 coordinate: lat 30.055 long 52.6687 NIMA/GNS names: Bowraki , Buraki , Chaman-e Buraki , Kumaburaki , بورکی , VARIANT names: Chaman-e Buraki , ※ SOURCE for Chaman-e Buraki « 2. CHAMBÚRAKÍThree and a half miles from Shaikhálkád, reach Púl-i-Gurg. Causeway and bridge must occupy a length of from 600x) to 700 yards, and are very strongly built to resist winter floods, at which time of the year it is said to be difficult to cross this valley. The fact of there being abridge, etc., seems to prove that the communication is uninterrupted. The road lies straight across the valler to Kamar-izhak (?). Falmar 3 or 4 miles further. There is much water about here. Rounding base of hill of Aiyub reach Chambúraki. Large crops of corn here This place is called Aiyub in St. John's map; but the latter name is said to be, more properly, only applied to the well and groves of the prophet lying on the hill-side a short mile to S. Chamburaki is well supplied with water. The village is in fair order. » #3461 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Routes in Persia, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1887 ~ p. 479 Cham-e Murd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3793169 coordinate: lat 33.4176 long 47.9649 NIMA/GNS names: Cham Murt , Cham-e Murd , Jadsir , چم مورت , VARIANT names: Cham-e Murd , Cham-e Zeydun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057950 coordinate: lat 30.343 long 50.1669 NIMA/GNS names: Cham , Cham Zeydun , Cham-e Zeydun , Zaidan , Zeydan , چم , VARIANT names: Cham-e Zeydun , Zeitoun , Zeitun , Zeytun , ※ SOURCE for Cham-e Zeydun « Cham » in {map#1062 Map to illustrate Mr Layard's paper on Khuzistan, AH Layard, 1846, #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846 ~} ※ SOURCE for Zeitoun « Zeitoun » in {map#1152 Turquie d'Asie, Perse, Arabie, Caboul, Turkestan Independant., Brue, Adrien Hubert, 1826, david Rumsey Map Collection list no: 0096.000} ※ SOURCE for Zeitun « The blood of the Cha'bs has also become mixed, though not perhaps directly, with that of the Persians. They have frequently intermarried with natives of Shushter, Dizful, and Behbehán; and the principal wife of Sheikh Thámir was the daughter of a chief of Zeïtún. » #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846, ~ p. 44 ※ SOURCE for Zeytun « The Ka`b tribesmen also intermarried with Persians especially with natives from Shushtar, Dezful and Behbahan. The principal wife of Sheikh Thamir was the daughter of a chief of Zeytun.(219) fn. 219. Layard 1846, p. 44 (properly Zeydan, but locally pronounced as Zeytun). » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 247 Champeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057996 coordinate: lat 26.777328 long 54.745344 NIMA/GNS names: Champah , Champeh , چمپه , VARIANT names: Champah , Champeh , Chiambar , Ciampa , ※ SOURCE for Champah « 1. CHAMPAH | 12 | 12 | 4 hours.The road passes over rocky ridges. Water is obtained from wells. The encamping ground is in the desert. Little or nothing procurable. » #3461 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Routes in Persia, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1887 ~ p. 326 ※ SOURCE for Champeh « At 12 miles enter the village of Champeh and halt. Time 5 hours. Road good and passable to all arms. This is a small village contain-12-20 ing about 70 people. There are numerous date tree plantations about. Water from bourkahs. Supplies but little procurable. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 3 ※ SOURCE for Chiambar « On the 30th we did not leave until after the heat of the day had passed. The wind was so hot that it seemed to be coming out of a furnace, and it took one's breath away. Much of this trip was made at night or in the late part of the day. I climbed on horseback after the 20th hour, and after four hours' travel we found a cistern of fresh water in a plain. I stopped until the animals came with the things, and we continued to travel until one and a half hours after nightfall. We lodged in a caravanserai called Chiambar, the name of the town itself. These caravanserais are the same as the khans in Turkey. They are for sheltering caravans, and many along the roads are of good architecture, although this one in Chiambar was not much, since it was in a deserted place where there is not much travel. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 290 ※ SOURCE for Ciampa « Dopa due altre miglia giugnemmo nel Karvāſerà di Ciampa. Quivi trovammo un Padre Agostiniano Vicario del Congo, il quale la ſera ne diede cena. [After two more miles we reached the Karvāſerà of Ciampa. There we found an Augustinian Father Vicar of the Congo, who gave us dinner there.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 277 Champeh ruined C. ? : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.778144 long 54.741667 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Champeh ruined C. ? , ※ SOURCE for Champeh ruined C. ? SOURCE for Ciampa « Dopa due altre miglia giugnemmo nel Karvāſerà di Ciampa. Quivi trovammo un Padre Agostiniano Vicario del Congo, il quale la ſera ne diede cena. [After two more miles we reached the Karvāſerà of Ciampa. There we found an Augustinian Father Vicar of the Congo, who gave us dinner there.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 277 Chan-i Surch : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.8783333333333 long 56.12 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chan-i Surch , ※ SOURCE for Chan-i Surch « Ortsbestimmungen zwischen Kermån und Enar.. Breite Länge Chan-i Surch 29 52 42 56 7 12 (Breite v. St. John). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~p. 366 Chapak Rud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 44863 coordinate: lat 36.732845 long 52.869641 NIMA/GNS names: Chapak Rud , Meyan Molk , Mian Melk , Mian Molk , Mianmolk , ميان ملک , ميانملک , VARIANT names: Chapak Rud , Chappacurrow , ※ SOURCE for Chappacurrow « This daye we came alonge by the sea side som parte of the waye as we came to a towne wch they call Chappacurrow [Chapuk-rüd), a very pleasant place lying wthin half a bow shott from the sea. Here my lord pitched in a howse built of timber vpon a riuer weh is called Obytalar [Ab-i-Tālār], haueing traveled 4 leauges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 53 Chapeshlu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058069 coordinate: lat 37.351737 long 59.076695 NIMA/GNS names: Chapeshlu , Chapishlu , Chavosh , Chowveshli , چاپشلو , VARIANT names: Chapeshlu , Char Bar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.648989 long 54.675573 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Char Bar , ※ SOURCE for Char Bar « Persian text omitted [four ponds14. They move from Badami to Char Bar, the distance is four farsakh. From Badami, the road is located in the wide and flat Kaffa and desert to Lar. Today's house is a smooth and pleasant road in Char Bar, which has a large pond, four small ponds and a caravanserai, and there is no settlement, one farsakh south of Ali Abad's house, where they grow barley, wheat and tobacco with aqueduct water. ] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 582 Char Rah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3372027 coordinate: lat 32.4666667 long 63.2 NIMA/GNS names: Char Rah , Chara , Qarya-i-Carra , VARIANT names: Char Rah , Charak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055110 coordinate: lat 26.730488 long 54.274828 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Charak , Band-e Charak , Charak , بند چارك , بندر چارک , چارک , VARIANT names: Casal, called Melgor , Charak , Charek , Charrak , Tchareh , Tcharek , Tsjærak , ※ SOURCE for Casal, called Melgor « The twelfth day in the morning, we came to a great Casal, called Melgor, where lyeth a Captaine called Shiagh: and here we remayned three dayes, and were in great danger of being taken slaves, but God kept us. This Casal lyeth betweene the Mountaines. The fourteenth day in the evening, wee left this wicked place, where I paid ten Larins for my part. The women here may throw their Dugs over their shoulders. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 458 [cannot confirm Melgor = Charak. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Charak « One of the Shibkuh ports on the Persian Coast ; it is situated about 43 miles south-east of Shivuh and 34 miles west of Charak. Chiru has a fort and a large date-grove, and lies facing the east in a small bay formed by a low sandy projection running southwards from the main line of the Persian coast; the village is a mile north of the point of the promontory. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 355 ※ SOURCE for Charek « we arrived at Charek, another village inhabited chiefly by fishermen, and then struck inland in a northerly direction, following up a watercourse through the mountains. » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 24 ※ SOURCE for Charrak « … the information called for by Government on the 17th February 1854, regarding the principal estates within my political control. No mention is therein made of the ports on the Persian Coast between Bushire and Bunder Abbas given below. … Ports. | Tribes. | Names of Chiefs. Charrak (with dependencies). | ….. | Shaikh Hussein bin Abdoolla. » #2994 ed. Robert Hughes Thomas, Historical and Other Information Connected with Place in the Persian Gulf, government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, 1856 ~ p. 286 ※ SOURCE for Tchareh « Tchareh a 400 habitants cultivateurs, commerçants, pêcheurs de perles et de poissons. Bois, charbon, céréales. [Tchareh has 400 inhabitants, farmers, traders, fishermen of pearls and fish. Wood, coal, cereals.] » #3329 R. Vadala, Le Golfe Persique, Librairie Arthur Rousseau, 1920 ~ p. 87 ※ SOURCE for Tcharek #1839 Morgan, Jacques de, Mission scientifique en Perse Tome Second Études Géographiques, Ernest Leroux, Paris, 1895 vol. 2: ~ Fig. 140 – Tchârèk p. 297 « Tcharek » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Tsjærak « Tsjarak » in {map#1035 Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A) Tab: XIX p. 340} « Charrack (the Tsjærâk of Niebuhr) exists very nearly in the same site (145), and is still the residence of an Arab Sheik. Fn. 145 There is just ground of suspicion that Charrack, Tsjarak, Sharak, Sarak, is actually Saraf, or Siraf. See the account of this town and its commerce in Renaudot and Harris ; and the circumstance of houses built with the bones of whales. Renaud. p. 95. Eng edit.» #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p. 852 Charax Area A : arch. site IRQ UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 30.884298 long 47.575823 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Charax Area A , ※ SOURCE for Charax Area A in {map#1102 Fig. 2. Orthophoto from drone pictures with overlay of the magnetic prospection data., Lena Lambers, Jörg Faßbinder, Stuart Campbell, Stefan Hauser, , #2971 Lena Lambers, Jörg Faßbinder, Stuart Campbell, Stefan Hauser, Ancient Charax Spasinou (Iraq) – Interpreting a multi phase city based on magnetometer survey data presented at New global perspectives on archaeological prospection, 13th international conference on Archaeological prospection, Sligo, Ireland, 2019 ~ p. 203} Charax Area B : arch. site IRQ UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 30.894551 long 47.591734 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Charax Area B , ※ SOURCE for Charax Area B in {map#1102 Fig. 2. Orthophoto from drone pictures with overlay of the magnetic prospection data., Lena Lambers, Jörg Faßbinder, Stuart Campbell, Stefan Hauser, , #2971 Lena Lambers, Jörg Faßbinder, Stuart Campbell, Stefan Hauser, Ancient Charax Spasinou (Iraq) – Interpreting a multi phase city based on magnetometer survey data presented at New global perspectives on archaeological prospection, 13th international conference on Archaeological prospection, Sligo, Ireland, 2019 ~ p. 203} Charax Area C : arch. site IRQ UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 30.895949 long 47.583412 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Charax Area C , ※ SOURCE for Charax Area C in {map#1102 Fig. 2. Orthophoto from drone pictures with overlay of the magnetic prospection data., Lena Lambers, Jörg Faßbinder, Stuart Campbell, Stefan Hauser, , #2971 Lena Lambers, Jörg Faßbinder, Stuart Campbell, Stefan Hauser, Ancient Charax Spasinou (Iraq) – Interpreting a multi phase city based on magnetometer survey data presented at New global perspectives on archaeological prospection, 13th international conference on Archaeological prospection, Sligo, Ireland, 2019 ~ p. 203} Charax Spasinou : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.888719 long 47.583684 VARIANT names: Alexandreia in Susiana , Alexandreia on the Tigris , Antiocheia , Charax , Charax Spasini , Charax Spasinou , Naisan , Spasinou Charax , Yuluo , ※ SOURCE for Alexandreia in Susiana « Tarn identified Alexandreia/Spasinou Charax with ALEXANDREIA in Susiana (Alexander 2:241, 243; followed by Fraser, Cities 240, no. 13; see also ALEXANDREIA E?I ΣϒΣΟΙΣ, n. 3). However, the toponym Alexandreia in Susiana is apparently a modern designation. I have not found it in any ancient or Byzantine source. » #2858 Getzel M. Cohen, The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2013, ~ p. 117 ※ SOURCE for Alexandreia on the Tigris « 17. For the identification of Alexandreia/Spasinou Charax with ALEXANDREIA on the Tigris see the latter entry, n. 4. A number of scholars have also suggested identifying ALEXANDREIA/Spasinou Charax with [ALEXANDREIA] near the Pallakopas as well as equating it with Alexandreia on the Tigris; see the latter entry, n. 4. Note, however, Fraser's cautionary observation that the identification of ALEXANDREIA on the Tigris with [ALEXANDREIA] near the Pallakopas is not attested in any extant ancient or Byzantine source (Cities 168 n. 120). » #2858 Getzel M. Cohen, The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2013, ~ pp. 116-7 ※ SOURCE for Antiocheia « Pliny the Elder quotes Agrippa at several points in his Natural History, generally referring to the commentaries, and in a few instances to the map itself. For example, the dimensions of Mesopotamia (800 miles long, 26 Gillian Ramsey 360 miles wide) come from the commentaries (HN 6.137), while the distance of Charax Spasinou (an old Hellenistic city located at the confluence of the Tigris and Eulaeus rivers(7)) to the Persian Gulf is obtained from the map “Agrippa’s portico” (HN 6.139; cf. Dilke 1985: 50). fn.7 Pliny HN 6.138–139: originally a foundation of Alexander, the city was refounded by a Seleucid king Antiochos, and renamed Antiocheia, and then taken over by Spaosines, founder of the Characene kingdom (later known as Mesene) in the late second century bce, hence the city’s later name: Charax Spasinou, “Charax of Spasinos.” See also Potts 1990: 145–146; Fraser 1996: 168–169. » #2973 Ed. Ted Kaizer, A Companion to the Hellenistic and Roman Near East, Wiley Blackwell, Hoboken, NJ, 2022 ~ pp. 25-6 ※ SOURCE for Charax owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Charax, 48.18222, 30.441944, IQ, nkn, approx, 155, tmcIRa0100_042a » [thiese coordinates are Khorramshahr. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Charax Spasini « 35. Charax Spasini is the modern Mohammarah (30° 24' N., 48° 18' E.), on the Shatt-el-Arab, at its confluence with the Karun. Pliny says (VI, 31) that it was founded by Alexander the Great, whose name it bore; destroyed by inundations of the rivers, rebuilt by Antiochus Epiphanes under the name of Antiochia, again overflowed, and again restored, protected by three miles of embankments, by Spasinus, "king of the neighboring Arabians, whom Juba has incorrectly described as a satrap of King Antiochus." Formerly, Pliny says, it stood near the shore and had a harbor of its own; "but now stands a considerable distance from the sea. In no part of the world have alluvial deposits been formed by the rivers more rapidly and to a greater extent than here." (At the present day it is about 40 miles from the gulf.) » #487 W. H. Schoff, The Periplus of the Erythræan Sea ... Translated from the Greek and annotated by W. H. Schoff, Longmans Green and Co:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, London:New Delhi, 1912:1995 ~ p. 149 ※ SOURCE for Charax Spasinou coordinates based on centre of in {map#1102 Fig. 2. Orthophoto from drone pictures with overlay of the magnetic prospection data., Lena Lambers, Jörg Faßbinder, Stuart Campbell, Stefan Hauser, , #2971 Lena Lambers, Jörg Faßbinder, Stuart Campbell, Stefan Hauser, Ancient Charax Spasinou (Iraq) – Interpreting a multi phase city based on magnetometer survey data presented at New global perspectives on archaeological prospection, 13th international conference on Archaeological prospection, Sligo, Ireland, 2019 ~ p. 203} « The identification of Jabel Khayabir as Charax Spasinou was further confirmed when the writer enquired of the Arab inhabitants at the nearby village of AI-Suwayb if these artificial embankments were known by any other name. The villagers were unanimous in answering that the site was also called Naisan, most certainly a later modification of the early Islamic name for Charax, Maisan. » #2970 John Honsman, Charax And The Karkheh, Iranica antiqua, 1967 vol. 7:pp. 21-58 ~ p. 42 « Saint-Martin therefore concludes that Charax must have been located close to where the Haffar enters the Shatt (1). 1n. 1) Ibid., p. II7-I22. The great French geographer d'Anville suggests already in 1779 that Charax Spasinou was located beside the HafHir. But he confuses the city as belonging to "Susiana" rather than Characene. See J. d' Anville, I' Euphrate et le Tigre, Paris, 1779, Map and p. 138 sq. #2970 John Honsman, Charax And The Karkheh, Iranica antiqua, 1967 ~ pp. 27-8 « On the location of Charax Spasinou at Khorramshahr (formerly Mohammera) Rawlinson (1839) at first agrees with the Saint-Martin theory but in a latel paper (1857) states that the site should be about ten miles above Mohammera creek (the Haffar) (3). Rawlinson alters his earlier opinion partly because he himself had found no trace of the great embankments mentioned by Pliny at the Khorramshahr site and partly because he thought the Characenean city of Forat to have been located at that place (4). A few later scholars have also shown some scepticism for the Khorramshahr site. One of the most recent of these has been Professor R. Ghirshman who suggests that the Karkheh is the Eulaeus and who further places Charax somewhere to the north of Khorramshahr (5). Despite such objection, however, almost all modern historical maps of the Hellenistic-Parthian cities of the Persian Gulf region, show Charax Spasinou at Khorramshahr (1). This then is the current state of research on the problem of Charax. fn. 3) Rawlinson, 'March from Zohab' op. cit. p. 88; 'Notes on Ancient Geography of Mohamrah' op. cit. p. 187. On Charax at Khorramshahr see F. Andreas in Pauly- Wissowa I, 1394 sq.; Herzfeld in F. Sarre and E. Herzfeld, Archäologische Reise, I, p. 251; and Streck op. cit. p. 153. fn. 4) Rawlinson has placed Forat at Mohammera = Khorramshahr largely because the estuary of the Karun below Khorramshahr is called Khor Bahmanshir, an Arab contraction of the Sasanian name for Forāt, Bahman Ardashir. Such reasoning would seem inconclusive. See Rawlinson' Notes on Ancient Geography'... op. cit. p. 187 5) R. Ghirshman, The Island of Kharg, Tehran 1960, p. 3. fn. 1) See maps in Debevoise op. cit. and W. Tarn, The Greeks in Bactria and India, Cambridge, 1951, for locations of major Hellenistic and Parthian city sites in the area of this discussion. » #2970 John Honsman, Charax And The Karkheh, Iranica antiqua, 1967 ~ pp. 34-6 ※ SOURCE for Naisan « 3.1.1. The Modem Site of Naisan Represents the Ruins of Ancient Alexandria-on-the-Tigris/Spasinou Charax The identification of Naisan with ancient Alexandria-on-the-Tigris/Spasinou Charax was worked out in convincing detail by John Hansman. (76) fn. 76 Hansman 1967; but see also Hansman 1978 and Hansman 1984 » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ p. 9 ※ SOURCE for Spasinou Charax « Close to Gabal ?ayabir in Iraq, this site was an important mercantile center of southern Mesopotamia and capital of Characene. The ancient site is located close to Gabal ?ayabir. » « Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 30.8093425, 47.562804 » A. Hausleiter, M. Roaf, St J. Simpson, R. Wenke, DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, P. Flensted Jensen, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, and Tom Elliott, 'Jebel Khayabir/Alexandria?/Antiochia?/Spasinou Charax?/Karkh Maisan?/[Astarabad Ardashir]?: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2021 at online reference link [accessed 06 Aug 2023] « E3 | Spasinou Charax? | IRQ | See Map 93 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, ~ index Map 3 Asia Occidentalis p. 39 « 17. For the identification of Alexandreia/Spasinou Charax with ALEXANDREIA on the Tigris see the latter entry, n. 4. A number of scholars have also suggested identifying ALEXANDREIA/Spasinou Charax with [ALEXANDREIA] near the Pallakopas as well as equating it with Alexandreia on the Tigris; see the latter entry, n. 4. Note, however, Fraser's cautionary observation that the identification of ALEXANDREIA on the Tigris with [ALEXANDREIA] near the Pallakopas is not attested in any extant ancient or Byzantine source (Cities 168 n. 120). » #2858 Getzel M. Cohen, The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2013, ~ pp. 116-7 ※ SOURCE for Yuluo « 3. Yuluo almost certainly represents Charax Spasinou on the Gulf, as I shall show later. 11. Yuluo [W-G: Yü-lo] = Charax Spasinou. The reconstructed pronunciation of Yuluo in the Han period (ka-ra) provides a very good transcription of the Greek ?à??, Karax, or Charax, meaning a `palisade', palisaded wall', or a `fort'. » #2969 John E. Hill, The Western Regions according to the Hou Hanshu. The Xiyu juan. “Chapter on the Western Regions” from Hou Hanshu 88. Second Edition, 2003 ~ notes Charg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058126 coordinate: lat 28.9109 long 53.3536 NIMA/GNS names: Charg , Cherg , چرگ , VARIANT names: Charg , Kharg , ※ SOURCE for Charg « Charg » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} ※ SOURCE for Kharg « From Asmāngird we made our way to Fasā by two marches across a mountain chain which had not been previously surveyed. Early during the first march the villages of Sahlābād and Kharg were passed at the mouth of a side- valley draining towards the Tang-i-Tāduvan. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 136 Charka : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 34.44353923 long 61.60560319 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Charka , ※ SOURCE for Charka « 177. CHARKHA Or RABAT-I CHIRKAH. Original: Lat. 34º 26’ N, long. 61º 37’ E. Map 51. Revised: 34.44353923 N, 61.60560319 E / 34º 26’ 36.74123016 N, 61º 36’ 20.17149876 E. Herat Province. 66 km west of Herat on the road to Islām Qal’a, between Mamizak and Ruzanak. Date: Timurid, 15th–16th cent. (ceramic). Description: A ruined baked brick cistern and a scatter of baked bricks forming a vague square. Fieldwork: 1977 Ball—survey. Sources: 1. Maitland 1888a: 276—mentions ruined caravanserai. 2. Peacocke 1887a: 139—mention. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 78 Charkhab : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.257622 long 51.188819 VARIANT names: Charkhab , ※ SOURCE for Charkhab « The monument at Charkhāb consists of a main hall with two rows of six bichrome column bases, and an eastern portico with two rows of twelve bichrome column bases (figs. 1 and 2). Its plan resembles the Palace P in Pasargadae (fig. 3). All of the column bases and tori have been made of black and white stones (fig. 4) while those of the portico are probably made of white stone (fig. 5). No column shaft has so far been found. This is why the excavator believes that the building’s roof was supported either by wooden columns. The absence of column shafts and superstructures suggests that the palace was never completed. » at online reference link Charkhab BH27 : arch. site IRN UTM: 518351, 3236536 converted to coordinate: lat 29.2575564969762 long 51.188878702725 VARIANT names: Charkhab BH27 , ※ SOURCE for Charkhab BH27 « The first traces of Achaemenid presence in Dashtestan (and the whole Northern coast of the Persian Gulf) were found following the discovery of Charkhab in 1971. The site lies on a flood plain and belongs to a monumental structure located 1 km West of Borazjan (Fig. 2; BH27 in Fig. 3), at a distance of 500 m from the Bushehr-Borazjan road (Sarfaraz 1973: 188; Sarfaraz, Teimouri 2009: 47). » #2870 E. Matin, The Achaemenid Settlement of Dashtestan (Borazjan): A View from Persepolis, ISMEO, 2020 ~ p. 336 coordinates converted from UTM in #2872 Carter, R.A., K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman, H. Tofighian, The Bushehr Hinterland: Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November- December 2004, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 44:pp. 63-103 ~ Table 3. Site gazetteer p. 10 « These included water-mill structures (BH11D); dams (BH24); wells (BH14) excavated and bulldozed Achaemenid “palaces” (BH27 and BH48); a large square collapsed stone-built building (e.g. BH38) » #2872 Carter, R.A., K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman, H. Tofighian, The Bushehr Hinterland: Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November- December 2004, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 44:pp. 63-103 ~ p. 11 « Professor A. Sarfaraz discovered several Achaemenid sites in the region, including a palace near Borazjan, Char Khab (BH27), which he dated to the later years of Cyrus the Great (Sarfaraz 1971–72; Sarfaraz 1973). This was later reinvestigated by the Bushehr Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organisation. Professor Sarfaraz investigated another Achaemenid Palace at Sang-e Siah (BH48), a site which has now been entirely bulldozed. » #2872 Carter, R.A., K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman, H. Tofighian, The Bushehr Hinterland: Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November- December 2004, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 44:pp. 63-103 ~ p2 Charma Qalandar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194184 coordinate: lat 28.05 long 52.333333 NIMA/GNS names: Charma Qalandar , Charmeh-ye Qalandar , چرم قلندر , چرمۀ قلندر , VARIANT names: Charma Kalandar , Charma Qalandar , ※ SOURCE for Charma Kalandar « Charma Kalandar » in {map#1146 Bushire and Surrounding Area, , , British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/728, f 30, in Qatar Digital Library fig. Bushire and Surrounding Area} ※ SOURCE for Charma Qalandar « Charma Qalandar » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} « Charma Qalandar » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 Shiraz 1936} Charmahin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013468 coordinate: lat 32.3377 long 51.196 NIMA/GNS names: Charmahin , Cher Mahin , Qal`eh Charmi , چرمهین , VARIANT names: Charmahin , Chirmil , ※ SOURCE for Chirmil « Similarly there are 80 habbas of ryots in the neighbouring village of Naugarân, owned by an arbab resident in Isfalian; aud in Chirmil also the ryots' holdings are supposed to correspond to their habbas. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 2 p. 279 Charmoot : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066746 coordinate: lat 28.554704 long 53.712714 Supplement: coordinate based on « haueing traveled 6 lges. » VARIANT names: Charmoot , ※ SOURCE for Charmoot « The 29 daye we came to Charmoot [?], (1) a towne lying on the side of a hill. This towne doth abound in dates. Here we picht in a howse that we found in the towne of our selfes, for the Rice of the towne was not to be found, yet at lengtht we had what our comission did allow vs. Here we picht, haueing traveled 6 lges. fn. 1 Not identified» #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ Chashmeh Rowghani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058622 coordinate: lat 31.547375 long 49.700761 NIMA/GNS names: Bunneh Chashmeh Rughani , Chashmeh Rowghani , Chashmeh Rugheni , Cheshmeh Roghani , Cheshmeh Rowghani , Cheshmeh-ye Rowghani , چشمه روغنی , VARIANT names: Chashmeh Rowghani , Chashmeh Safid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058631 coordinate: lat 34.211 long 46.3062 NIMA/GNS names: Chashmeh Safid , Cheshmeh Sefid , Cheshmeh Sefid Rutvand , چشمه سفید , VARIANT names: Chashmeh Safid , ※ SOURCE for Chashmeh Safid « At 6 miles is Chashmeh Safid, a village of twenty-five nomad huts, the inhabitants of which own large flocks. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 152 Chashmeh Sefid Ab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.321702 long 52.268485 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chashmeh Sefid Ab , Suffidobe , ※ SOURCE for Chashmeh Sefid Ab « Chashmeh Sefid Ab » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection fig. Tehran 428B 1962} ※ SOURCE for Suffidobe « This daye we cam to Suffidobe [Safid-ab], a howse lying vpon the side of a hill, wher ther was a very fayre tanck ouer agaynst the doore, the water being brackish. Here we picht, hauing traveled 7 leauges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 46 Chashmeh-i-Kal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3194190 coordinate: lat 27.733333 long 52.4 NIMA/GNS names: Chashmeh-i-Kal , Chashmeh-i-Kal Pass , Gardaneh-ye Chashmeh , Gardaneh-ye Cheshmeh Kal , گردنۀ چشمه , گردنۀ چشمه كل , VARIANT names: Chashmeh-i-Kal , Chashmeh-ye Shotoran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: -3196981 coordinate: lat 33.25 long 55.95 NIMA/GNS names: Chashmeh-i-Shuturan , Chashmeh-ye Shotoran , چشمۀ شتران , VARIANT names: Chashmeh-ye Shotoran , Chasma Shutaran , ※ SOURCE for Chasma Shutaran « At the end of this ridge, where the road descends again to the plain, there was a small spring of sweet water known as Chasma Shutaran or the camels' spring. Here there was a deserted tower. I had been specially warned against resting here, as it is the haunt of Biluchis when raiding. » #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.), 3:9:513-46 ~ p. 520 Chasma-i Mashak : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 31.95853859 long 61.76362069 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chasma-i Mashak , ※ SOURCE for Chasma-i Mashak « 184. CHASHMA-I MASHAK Original: Lat. 31º 57’ N, long. 61º 46’ E. Map 83. Revised: 31.95853859 N, 61.76362069 E / 31º 57’ 30.73891320 N, 61º 45’ 49.03446888 E. Nimrūz Province. On the Farāh-Lāsh Juwain road, 31 km north of Lāsh Juwain. Date: Early Islamic, 8th–13th cent. (ceramic). Description: Some mud remains, probably of a caravanserai, with a depression marking a possible cistern. Collection: National Museum—sherds. Fieldwork: 1960–70 Fischer, Bonn University—survey. Source: Fischer et al. 1974–6: 35—mention. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 80 Chedruyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 10069601 coordinate: lat 28.7637 long 53.5809 NIMA/GNS names: Chedruyeh , چدرویه , VARIANT names: Chedruyeh , Chehar Burreh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057270 coordinate: lat 33.9825 long 48.5954 NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Bareh , Chahar Barreh , Chahar Borah , Chehar Burreh , چهار بره , VARIANT names: Chehar Burreh , chehar tagh bastani sasani ghenat bagh : place IRN (chahar taq) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.076938 long 51.872519 VARIANT names: chehar tagh bastani sasani ghenat bagh , Four-arched Qanat Bagh , ※ SOURCE for Four-arched Qanat Bagh original persian text omitted « Image 2. I: Four-arched Qanat Bagh II: Four-arched Niasar III: Fire Temple of Atashkuh IV: Four-arched Bazeh Hor Authors (2012) » #3129 Milad and Tedai, Archaeological investigation and analysis of the four-arched Farashband dome complex, Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastanshenasi Iran, 2017 ~ p. 216 [Qanat-e Bag] incorrectly attributed in Fig. 1. PBR] in #3386 Milad Vandaee, Siāh-Kal: A Newly Discovered Chahar Taq in Zarneh of the Ilam Province, Sasanika Archaeology, 2012 ~ p. 7 original persian text omitted « Around this area and at not too far distances, there are other four-towers, including the four-towers of Qanat Bagh, Nojin, Jarre, Farashband (destroyed), and Toljangi. » #3129 Roya Tajbakhsh, Milad Vandaee, Archaeological investigation and analysis of the four-arched Farashband dome complex, Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastanshenasi Iran, 2017 vol. 7:issue 2:pp. 211-226 ~ p. 213 chehar taghi shehar karchan : place IRN (chahar taq) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.10208 long 49.930333 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: chehar taghi shehar karchan چهار طاقی شهر کارچان VARIANT names: chehar taghi shehar karchan , Chehar Zabar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3057388 coordinate: lat 34.196944 long 46.638333 NIMA/GNS names: Chehar Zabar , Gardaneh-ye Chahar Zabar , VARIANT names: Chehar Zabar , chehartaghi bazeh hoor : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 35.767448 long 59.378498 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chahar Taq Baz-e Hur , chehartaghi bazeh hoor , ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Baz-e Hur « Chahar Taq Baz-e Hur Robat-e Sefid, Iran (Islamische Republik), Asien arachne.dainst.org/entity/6460315 Arachne ID:6460315 Category: Orte Old serial number:166230 Informationen zum Ort Verweise Datensatz im iDAI.Gazetteer Koordinaten Long: 59.378522 Lat: 35.767343 exakt Chahar Taq Baz-e Hur Synonyme Chahar Taq-e Bazeh Hur» online reference link [accessed 31 Dec 2024] ※ SOURCE for chehartaghi bazeh hoor original persian text omitted « Image 2. I: Four-arched Qanat Bagh II: Four-arched Niasar III: Fire Temple of Atashkuh IV: Four-arched Bazeh Hor Authors (2012) » #3129 Milad and Tedai, Archaeological investigation and analysis of the four-arched Farashband dome complex, Pazhohesh-ha-ye Bastanshenasi Iran, 2017 ~ p. 216 chehartaghi eshkani : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 36.534222 long 59.171018 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: chehartaghi eshkani , chehartaghi mozayejan : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.078757 long 54.687436 VARIANT names: chahar Payah , chehartaghi mozayejan , Mazaidjan chahar taq , Mazaigan feuerheiligtumer , ※ SOURCE for chahar Payah « IV.The chahar taq of MazaidjanThe ruins of this Chahar Taq, called,,Chahar Payah", are located in the vast plain of,,Mazrā", five hundred meters to the northwest of a palm grove and 7 km. to the northwest of the village of Mazāidjān ¹). » #3402 Vanden Berghe, L, Nouvelles découvertes de monuments du feu d'epoque sassanides, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1965 Vol.5: pp.128-147 ~ p. 135 ※ SOURCE for Mazaidjan chahar taq « IV.The chahar taq of MazaidjanThe ruins of this Chahar Taq, called,,Chahar Payah", are located in the vast plain of,,Mazrā", five hundred meters to the northwest of a palm grove and 7 km. to the northwest of the village of Mazāidjān (1). fn. 1 the village of Mazāïdjan is not mentioned on the 1/253-440 scale map of the Däräb region (H-40-S) but is located northwest of the village Chah Nar which is shown on the map. » #3402 Vanden Berghe, L, Nouvelles découvertes de monuments du feu d'epoque sassanides, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1965 Vol.5: pp.128-147 ~ p. 135 ※ SOURCE for Mazaigan feuerheiligtumer « Mazäigän, Färs1 Der Cahär Taq, bei den Einheimischen unter dem Namen „Cahär Paya" bekannt, befindet sich 7 km nordwestlich des Dorfes Mazaigan, das 108km südöstlich von Däräb liegt. [1 The Cahär Taq, known to the locals as "Cahär Paya", is located 7 km northwest of the village of Mazaigan, which is 108 km southeast of Däräb.] » #3098 Klaus Schippmann, Die iranischen Feuerheiligtümer, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 1971 ~ p. 83 Chehel Cheshmeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058253 coordinate: lat 32.583333 long 48.6 NIMA/GNS names: Chal Chashmed , Chal Chashmeh , Chehel Cheshmeh , VARIANT names: Chehel Cheshmeh , Chehel Cheshmeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: -3194212 coordinate: lat 30.666667 long 52.366667 NIMA/GNS names: Chehel Cheshmeh , Chehil Chashmeh , VARIANT names: Chehel Cheshmeh , Chehel Sotun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 6012420 coordinate: lat 32.657397 long 51.671851 Supplement: Chehelsotun Palace NIMA/GNS names: Chehel Sotun , Chehol Sotun , چهل ستون , VARIANT names: Chehel Sotun , Chekkow : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 10334817 coordinate: lat 28.545 long 52.3433 NIMA/GNS names: Chekkow , چکو , VARIANT names: Chekkow , Chellan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.718982 long 49.016053 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Challan , Chellan , Chellun , ※ SOURCE for Challan « since leaving Pahreh, in a spring on the left hand of the track. Surface of the ground is of white sandstone rock, very difficult to walk or ride over. Bearing of general direction of track now changes to easterly and descends to the head of a narrow valley, thickly-wooded with oak, by a zigzag path, gradients of which are 5° to 6° and then follows the general course of a stream flowing easterly, which is crossed and recrossed several times, until the Iliat camping ground of Challan is reached. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 122 ※ SOURCE for Chellun « Bearing of general direction of track now changes to easterl VII and descends to the head of a narrow valley, thickly wooded with oak, by a zigzag path, gradients of which are 5° to 6°, and then follows the general course of a stream flowing easterly, which is crossed and recrossed several times until the "ilyat" camping-ground of Chellun is reached. » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 51/92 Chelleh Gah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3823213 coordinate: lat 31.436564 long 50.994799 NIMA/GNS names: Cheleh Gah , Chelleh Gah , چله گاه , چله گه , VARIANT names: Chelleh Gah , Chelleh Gah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058316 coordinate: lat 31.432411 long 51.00301 NIMA/GNS names: Cheleh Gah , Chelleh Gah , چله گاه , چله گه , VARIANT names: Chelleh Gah , Chem-i-Gez : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.950448 long 47.831178 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chem-i-Gez , ※ SOURCE for Chem-i-Gez « From the Ab-i-Zál, the camps along the line keeping more to the river valley are-Pul-i-Tang, 10 miles; Chem-i-Gez, 14 miles (2 miles to west of the Leylum stream); Valmián, 17 miles » #3526 Military report on south-west Persia, including the provinces of Khúzistán (Arabistan), Luristán and part of Fars, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1885 ~ p. 209 Chenar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.453407 long 53.373006 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chenar , ※ SOURCE for Chenar « Thence, on a bearing of 290° and 280°, we passed at 42½ miles the deserted village Chenar, ruined the year before by the Arab and Baharlu tribes after the death of Mahomed Shah; but for three years past the tribes had been plundering the country. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 75 Chenar Fariab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058392 coordinate: lat 29.5174 long 52.186 NIMA/GNS names: Chenar Fariab , Chenar Faryab , Chenar Paryab , Chenar-e Faryab , چنار فاریاب , VARIANT names: Chenar Fariab , Chenar Rahdar : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058424 coordinate: lat 29.62118009 long 52.41266437 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh-e Khowshru , Chenan-i-Rahdar , Chenar Rahdar , Chenar-i-Rahdar , Khowshru , Rahdar , باغ خوشرو , چنار راهدار , خوشرو , VARIANT names: Chenar Rahdar , Chinar , Chinarada , ※ SOURCE for Chenar Rahdar « Saturday May 10th at 1.30 a.m. we started for 28 miles into Shiraz past the Caravanserai of Chenar Rahdar at 22 miles. » #3182 Captain John Compton Pyne, A Journal of Three Months’ Walk in Persia in 1884 by Captain John Compton Pyne: Introduction, Notes and Translation, Amsterdam University Press, 2017 ~ p. 87 ※ SOURCE for Chinar « After two long days of plodding constantly downwards, we had now come to the final descent, and at last, by the caravanserai of Chinar, » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 119 ※ SOURCE for Chinarada « We breakfasted in the caravansarai of Chinarâda, and rode rapidly over the last eight miles to Shiraz. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ p. 46 Chenar Shahijan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LCTY UFI: -3194224 coordinate: lat 29.865403 long 51.588653 NIMA/GNS names: Chenar Shah Jan , Chenar Shahijan , Chenar Shahijan , VARIANT names: Chenar Shahijan , Chenoshejan , ※ SOURCE for Chenoshejan « At 11 h. 15 m. we swerved a little to the N.W., and at noon reached the encampment of Jehangir Khan, Mamáseni, chief of the tribe of Dushmen-ziyárí. This place of encampment is called Chenosheján. ... Chenosheján, formerly the Germesir or winter quarters of Mohammed Rizá Khán, is a plain of considerable extent, which is bounded on the E. by the prolongation of the Pír-i-zen; from N. to W. by an offset of the same chain, and on the S. by the termination of the Kútel-i-Dohter. » #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~ p. 76 Chenar-e Naz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058422 coordinate: lat 30.0912 long 53.9944 NIMA/GNS names: Chenar Nar , Chenar Naz , Chenar-e Naz , چنار نار , چنار ناز , VARIANT names: Chenar-e Naz , Chendeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058021 coordinate: lat 31.760195 long 50.387416 NIMA/GNS names: Chand Deh , Chendeh , چند ده , چنده , VARIANT names: Chendeh , Chercoff : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.678617 long 54.444298 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Chardin: 8 leagues to Tchem sesengui (40 kms), 2 to Chercoff (≃ 10 kms) VARIANT names: Birak , Cherchoke , Chercoff , Sargab , Sargon , Tcherkab , Tʃcherchab , Tjerg aab , Zscherchap , ※ SOURCE for Birak « A deux heures, nous trouvons deux petits villages, Birak et Biraki. Quant au village de Chercoff dont parle Chardin, c'est un nom estropié et tout à fait inconnu; c'est probablement Birak. Le B majuscule aura été pris pour Ch, i pour e, a pour co; et k pour deux ff (1). fn. 1 Cette explication ressemble beaucoup à une plaisanterie. On pourrait en dire autant de beaucoup d'étymologies. [At two hours, we find two small villages, Birak and Biraki. As for the village of Chercoff of which Chardin speaks, it is a crippled and completely unknown name; it's probably Birak. The capital B will have been taken for Ch, i for e, a for co; and k for two ff (1). fn. 1 This explanation sounds a lot like a joke. The same could be said of many etymologies.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ pp. 530-1 ※ SOURCE for Cherchoke « The 12th daye being Fridaye we set forward onour journey, haueing rested in this citie of Larr 7 dayes, and came to Cherchoke [?],(1) a litle poore towne, haueing traveled 2 lges. of fayer waye. Here is good tanck water. fn. 1 Tavernier gives Tscherkah . This is possibly to be identified with the Birak given in St. J ohn's map (1876), distant c. four miles from Lar. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p.83 ※ SOURCE for Chercoff « Ce jour-là, 7, je partis de Laar sur les trois heures du soir, par le faubourg qu'on appelle Bags-gae (Bakhche-gah), c'est-à-dire, lieu de tribut, parce que les gardes des chemins y ont un petit bureau, vis-à-vis d'un grand caravanserai, où ils prennent leurs droits sur toutes les mar- chandises qu'on transporte. Je fis huit lieues longues et rudes, quoiqu'en pays plat. Après en avoir fait deux, on passe à travers d'un grand village nommé Chercoff, plein de jardins; [That day, 7, I left Laar at three o'clock in the evening, through the suburb called Bags-gae (Bakhche-gah), that is to say, place of tribute, because the guards of the roads have a small office there, opposite a large caravanserai, where they take their rights on all the goods that are transported. I covered eight long and difficult leagues, although in flat country. After having done two, we pass through a large village called Chercoff, full of gardens; ] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 486-7 ※ SOURCE for Sargab « Wy trokken voorby de Karrawanſera's Baſiga, en Sargab, [We passed by the Karrawanſeras Baſiga, and Sargab,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~bk. 5 p. 265 ※ SOURCE for Sargon « 11 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 360 ※ SOURCE for Tcherkab « Le premier d'avril, je partis de Lar à cinq heures du matin, et je marchai jusques à trois heures après midi dans un pays stérile et pierreux, à la réserve d'un village nommé Tcherkab où il y a beaucoupde palmiers et quelques terres à blé. [On the first of April, I left Lar at five o'clock in the morning, and I walked until three o'clock in the afternoon in a barren and stony country, to the reserve of a village called Tcherkab where there are many palm trees and a few wheat lands.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ pp. 320 and 322 ※ SOURCE for Tʃcherchab « but Thursday the ſecond of April, about five of the Clock in the Morning, we continued our Journy, going ftreight East, in a very good Sandy way betwixt CornFields for the Villages are very thick thereabouts. On that Road I obferved a pretty pleafant thing, which is practifed in all that Country as far as Bendar Abaffi: I faw feveral Peafants running about the Corn-Fields, who raifed loud ſhouts, and every now and then clacked whips with all their forces and all this, to drive away the Birds which devour all their Corn: when they fee Flocks of them coming from a neighbouring Ground, that they may not light on theirs, they redouble their cries, to make them go farther; and this they do every day Morning and Evening. The truth is, there are fo great numbers of Sparrows in Perfia, that they deltroy all things, and ſcare-Crows are fo far from frightning them, that they will Pearch upon them. At eight a Clock we paffed by a little covered Kervanʃeray called Tʃcherchab, which puts: an end to the Corn-Fields; for beyond that, there is hardly ardly any thing to be found but Defarts fowed with flones: about two hours after we paffed by another Kervanseray, like to the former, called Tenghinoun; and a little further to the Left Hand, we faw a fmall Forrest of Palm-Trees. We afterwards marched on for the ſpace of about two hours through very flony Ground, and then carne to good even Sandy way. Half an hour after one in the Afternoon we paffed by a covered Kervanʃeray called Oaʃili, and keeping on our way over little Sandy Hills, we came at three a Clock to another, which is alfo covered, and called Schemzanghi, where we flopt, and this place is ʃeven Agaiʃch from Lar. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 132 ※ SOURCE for Tjerg aab « die sich von der Stadt bis fortsetzt 1/4 Farsach, zum Dorfe Kanarú rechts am Weg 1 Far- sach, dann durch eine baumreiche Gegend zum Dorf Tjerg aab 1 Farsach, [which continues from the city to 1/4 Farsach, to the village of Kanarú on the right along the path 1 Farsach, then through a wooded area to the village of Tjerg aab 1 Farsach,] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 121 ※ SOURCE for Zscherchap « Am Donnerstag, dem 2. April, setzten wir unseren Weg frtih gegen ftinf Uhr in 6stlicher Richtung auf einem sch6nen kiesigen Weg durch Getreidefelder und an D6rfern vorbei fort. .... Gegen acht Uhr passierten wir einen kleinen, bedeckten Karvansarai, Zscherchap genannt, der am Ende der besditen Felder [d.h. am Ostrand der Bewdisserungsoase von Lar] liegt.[On Thursday, April 2nd, at around five o'clock we continued our journey eastwards along a lovely gravelly path through grain fields and past villages. .... About eight o'clock we passed a small, covered karvansarai, called Zscherchap, which was at the end of the best fields [i.e. is located on the eastern edge of the vegetation oasis of Lar].] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 37 Cheshevan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 146250 coordinate: lat 28.6217 long 53.1309 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshevan , Cheyshvan , چشوان , VARIANT names: Cheshevan , Cheshmeh `Ali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10382025 coordinate: lat 30.0521 long 52.7348 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh `Ali , چشمه علی , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh `Ali , Cheshmeh Gineh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3846120 coordinate: lat 33.9736 long 46.2503 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh Gelineh , Cheshmeh Gineh , چشمه گینه , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh Gineh , Cheshmeh-ye `Alijan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 10101035 coordinate: lat 34.4406 long 46.2793 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye `Alijan , چشمه علیجان , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh-ye `Alijan , Cheshmeh-ye Ab Taf : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 11489319 coordinate: lat 33.516033 long 47.865128 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Ab Taf , چشمه آب تاف , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh-ye Ab Taf , Cheshmeh-ye Aqlan Qiz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 10401512 coordinate: lat 28.773301 long 54.413687 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Aqlan Qiz , Cheshmeh-ye Owghlan Qez , چشمه اقلان قیز , چشمه اوغلان قز , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh-ye Aqlan Qiz , Cheshmeh-ye Dun Gahun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 11842827 coordinate: lat 31.501177 long 54.304037 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Dun Gahun , چشمه دون گاهون , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh-ye Dun Gahun , Cheshmeh-ye Golabi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 10401509 coordinate: lat 28.7875 long 54.3709 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Golabi , چشمه گلابی , VARIANT names: Chashma Gulabi , Cheshmeh-ye Golabi , ※ SOURCE for Chashma Gulabi « At 1-25 crossed the Chashma Gulabi,?? a fine spring which issues from the base of the hill; the water was beautifully clear and limpid, the excess forms a small stream which runs off into the plain and makes a marsh of some size. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 8 Cheshmeh-ye Ja`fari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 12274562 coordinate: lat 29.13042 long 53.418787 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Ja`fari , چشمه جعفری , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh-ye Ja`fari , Cheshmeh-ye Kal Meku : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 12354770 coordinate: lat 29.452572 long 54.234667 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Kal Meku , چشمه کل مکو , VARIANT names: Chashmeh-i-Qal'a-i-Makū , Cheshmeh-ye Kal Meku , ※ SOURCE for Chashmeh-i-Qal'a-i-Makū « Before crossing the range behind which it lies we were obliged to halt for the night at a small spring known as Chashmeh-i-Qal'a-i-Mākū, situated at an elevation of 6,800 ft. below the high peak of Koh-i-Sar Safid. Next morning a stiff climb, difficult for laden mules, brought us along a narrow rocky spur to an unsurveyed pass known to our Karai guides by the name of Pirisu. It lies at an elevation of 8,600 ft. across a shoulder of the conspicuous peak rising close on 2,000 ft. higher. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 205 Cheshmeh-ye Khan Baghi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 13920912 coordinate: lat 27.968667 long 53.153788 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Khan Baghi , چشمه خان باغی , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh-ye Khan Baghi , Cheshmeh-ye Khar Zahreh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058672 coordinate: lat 30.424167 long 50.528333 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Khar Zahreh , Khar Zahreh , چشمۀ خر زهره , خر زهره , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh-ye Khar Zahreh , Cheshmeh-ye Khatun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 14707127 coordinate: lat 31.832855 long 50.041195 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Khatun , چشمه خاتون , VARIANT names: Chashmeh-i-Khatun , Cheshmeh-ye Khatun , ※ SOURCE for Chashmeh-i-Khatun « At 13 miles a spring of good water known as Chashmeh i Khatun is passed. The supply disappears into the ground about a mile further on. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 53 Cheshmeh-ye Pahaki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 13892081 coordinate: lat 28.480181 long 53.755728 Supplement: one of 6 springs on the north side of the road NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Pahaki , چشمه پهکی , VARIANT names: camp , Cheshmeh-ye Pahaki , Cheshmeh-ye Pir Su : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 12354772 coordinate: lat 29.45091 long 54.236211 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Pir Su , چشمه پیر سو , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh-ye Pir Su , Pirisu pass , ※ SOURCE for Pirisu pass « Next morning a stiff climb, difficult for laden mules, brought us along a narrow rocky spur to an unsurveyed pass known to our Karai guides by the name of Pirisu. It lies at an elevation of 8,600 ft. across a shoulder of the conspicuous peak rising close on 2,000 ft. higher. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 205 Cheshmeh-ye Pol-e Talkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 12318472 coordinate: lat 29.457994 long 53.517528 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Pol-e Talkh , چشمه پل تلخ , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh-ye Pol-e Talkh , Cheshmeh-ye Qolu Darvazeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 11752643 coordinate: lat 28.268734 long 51.999678 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Qolu Darvazeh , چشمه قلو دروازه , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh-ye Qolu Darvazeh , Cheshmeh-ye Tajt Sang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 10069581 coordinate: lat 28.7379 long 53.5965 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Tajt Sang , چشمه تجت سنک , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh-ye Tajt Sang , Cheshmeh-ye Tak Ab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 10043959 coordinate: lat 31.7867 long 49.2951 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Tak Ab , چشمه تک آب , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh-ye Tak Ab , Cheshmeh-ye Tall-e Siah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 12274634 coordinate: lat 29.035237 long 53.404035 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Tall-e Siah , چشمه تل سیاه , VARIANT names: Cheshmeh-ye Tall-e Siah , Chigha yi Sabz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053784 coordinate: lat 33.314481 long 47.397701 NIMA/GNS names: Asadabad , Cheqa-ye Sabz , Chigha yi Sabz , اسد آباد , VARIANT names: Chigha yi Sabz , Chigha-bal : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.28286 long 47.509586 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chigha-bal , ※ SOURCE for Chigha-bal « The mound of Chz'gha-bal, about I mile north-west of the village, rising to 20 feet with fairly steep slopes, showed a curiously regular shape measuring some I05 yards square at its foot. It suggested a fortified place of historical titnes, but no fosse could be seen, such as would have supplied the earth for raising it. A few dambs, dug up, could be seen on the slopes. What sherds could be found on the surface were all plain. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 222 Chimashk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057940 coordinate: lat 33.227114 long 48.206245 NIMA/GNS names: Chameshg , Chameshk , Chameshk-e Zir Tang , Chameshk-e Zir-e Tang , Cheshmak , Chimashk , Qal`eh-ye Chameshk , چشمك , چمشك زير تنگ , چمشك زير تنگ , چمشگ , چمشک , چمشک زير تنگ , VARIANT names: Cham-i-Murt , Chimashk , Shimish , ※ SOURCE for Cham-i-Murt « CHAM-I-MURT 14. General direction E. by N. Hilly all the way and difficult in part. First cross Dalich range at Kal-i-Hisar, thence descend over fairly easy slopes to Ab-i-Afrinch: the land is nominally Hasanwand, but is occupied by Jūdeki. There is a pass over the dalich range at Kal-i-Sükhteh, but the road over it is so steep as to be almost inpracticable.Fuel. Plentiful.Fodder.Grazing good. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 156 ※ SOURCE for Shimish « Shimish » in {map#1361 in #3531 Correspondence, Printed Papers and Newspaper Cuttings Relating to the Persian Bank Mining Rights Corporation Ltd, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/71, in Qatar Digital Library, 1889-92 ~ fig. Persian Road and Transport Coy, Plan to accompany General Report, March 1891} Chimask caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.237966 long 48.211306 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chimask caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Chimask caravanserai « On the north side of the gorge stands the Chi mashle caravanerai, in good condition, at the junction of the Ab-i-Kabgan and Ab-i-Raikhän. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 152 Chinar-i-Bardaghul : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.519612 long 47.78797 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: based on stage distances and description VARIANT names: Chinar-i-Bardaghul , Chirkuh Rud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3058498 coordinate: lat 27.8133 long 57.2894 NIMA/GNS names: Chirkuh Rud , Rudkhaneh-ye Cherguh , Rudkhaneh-ye Cherku , چيركوه رود , رودخانه چرگوه , رودخانۀ چركو , VARIANT names: Chirkuh Rud , ※ SOURCE for Chirkuh Rud #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7, 45:648-60 ~ p. 655 refers to Chirkoh Chiru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058754 coordinate: lat 26.7147 long 53.7344 NIMA/GNS names: 'abruyeh , Bandar-e Chiru , Bandar-e Chiru'iyeh , Cheruyeh , Chiru , Chiruiyeh , Chiruyeh , بندر چیروئیه , چرویه , VARIANT names: Bandar Chiruya , Cailo , Cherob , Cheroo , Chiroo , Chiru , Chiruyeh , Cirûh , Tchirou , Tchirou , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Chiru FOR Chisi [Badger], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Chiru FOR huzu [Le Strange], ※ SOURCE for Bandar Chiruya « Thus, Bandar Chirūya was certainly included in the transport route of Chinese ceramics during the Mongol period. Additionally, we found pieces of Yuan porcelain in each city ruin on the Kish caravan route. ... This caravan route started at the port of Hūzū on the shore opposite Kish Island and went through cities such as Khunj, Kārzin, Qir, and Maymand before reaching Shiraz. In May 2016, I examined the ruins of these cities together with Prof. Mori Tatsuya, (34) an expert in Chinese and Islamic ceramics, and Prof. Baḥranipūr, (35) a historian of the Persian Gulf and Fārs. Even today, the location of the Hūzū port remains uncertain, both present-day Bandar Chārak and Bandar Chirūya being possible candidates. However, judging from field surveys of both cities, we have two reasons to suggest that the Hūzū port was located at Bandar Chirūya. First, Bandar Chirūya is the nearest port to Kish Island, and second, we discovered in Bandar Chirūya pieces of Longquan-kiln celadon from the Yuan period, (36) and blue-and-white porcelain of Jingdezhen ??? kilns from the early Ming (See Map 5). (37)fn. 34 Professor of Okinawa Prefectural University of Art, Japan. fn. 35 Associate professor of Shahid Chamrān University, Iran. fn. 36 For an example of such Yuan celadon, see T. Mori, Tokudome Daisuke ???? et al., Ryūsen-yo seiji ten ?????? (Longquan Ware: Chinese Celadon Beloved by the Japanese) (Haghi: Ryūsen-yo Seiji Ten Kaisai Jikko Iinkai, 2012): 60, pl.59. fn. 37 The chronology of Chinese celadon that we examined was based on Mori’s study: T. Mori, “So-Gen dai Ryūsen-yo seiji no hennen” ????????の?? (Chronology of Longquan-kiln Celadon of the Song-Yuan Period.) In Tyūgoku seiji no kenkyū: hennen to ryūtsū ????の??—??と?? (Study on Chinese Celadon), ed. Mori Tatsuya (Tokyo: Kyuko Shoin, 2015): 145-85. Additionally, I would like to express my gratitude to Shibata Keiko ???? of the Ehime Research Center for Buried Cultural Properties, an expert in Chinese celadon, for her valuable advice. » #3344 Yasuhiro Yokkaichi, The Maritime and Continental Networks of Kish Merchants under Mongol Rule: The Role of the Indian Ocean, Fārs and Iraq, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 2019 ~ pp. 444-6 ※ SOURCE for Cailo « Cailo (53 B. 54 B, 72 B, 100B): Chiruyeh? » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006, ~ index p. 416 ※ SOURCE for Cherob « Cherob » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} ※ SOURCE for Cheroo « Cheroo » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} « … the information called for by Government on the 17th February 1854, regarding the principal estates within my political control. No mention is therein made of the ports on the Persian Coast between Bushire and Bunder Abbas given below. … Ports. | Tribes. | Names of Chiefs. Cheroo | Obeydalee | Abdool Russool. » #2994 ed. Robert Hughes Thomas, Historical and Other Information Connected with Place in the Persian Gulf, government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, 1856 ~ p. 286 ※ SOURCE for Chiroo « Inderabia » and « Chiroo » in Sketch to illustrate the memoir in #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G. B., Notes made on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1835 ~ after p. 263 « The question where Sirif, Polo's Chisi, was situated is easily disposed of Polo describes it as being two hundred miles farther from "Calatu" than Hormuz, "between north-west and west." Almost precisely at that distance from Hormuz, by sea, and in the given direction, there is a place called "Cheroo" in our modern English charts. According to Dean Vincent,' the name is spelt "Sherouw or Sherouve," in the old Dutch charts, but in N. Visscher's map (Amsterdam, 1651), I find it written "Siraf." It possesses a harbour far superior to that of the island of el-Kais, from which it is separated only by a few miles. — "Cheroo," writes Captain Brucks, I.N., "is situated at the bottom of a bay, formed by the Rds or Cape of the same name. It contains about one hundred and fifty men of the Abadaly tribe; the shaikh resides at another village inland....It is the best anchorage in a north- wester in the Gulf, and affords tolerable supplies, and water. It has a few trading-boats." Another confirmatory coincidence is the existence of the small island of Hindrâby a short distance to the southward of Cheroo. This I take to be the Labeth (or Lâmeth) which el-Idrisy places in its vicinity: — "Among the islands of that sea [Fars] are the island of Kharak, the island of Labeth, which is opposite to and near Siráf and the Cape esSafân, and the island of Awal." The cape, as will be seen by a glance at the chart, is a remarkable feature in that part of the coast. fn. 2 Commerce and Navigation of the Ancients, vol. i. p. 381. fn. 3 Bombay Government Selections, No. xxiv. p. 590. fn. 4 Géographie d'Edrisi, ed. Jaubert, tom. i. p. 364. » #482 Razik, Salil-Ibn, History of the Imâms and Seyyids of ’Omân ... from A.D. 661-1856. Translated from the original Arabic and edited, with notes, appendices, and an introduction, continuing the history down to 1870, by G. P. Badger, Darf Publishers Limited, London, 1871/1986 ~ 417 ※ SOURCE for Chiru « Chiru-Anchorage.—This fishing village, at which there is a conspicuous square fort with a large square tower at each corner, and near which is a large date grove, is situated on the western side of a bay about 7 miles westward of Kalat al Abeid. A conspicuous yellow tower, about 30 feet (9m1) in height, stands on the shore about 4 cables north-eastward of the fort. Chiru point (Lat. 26° 41' N., Long. 53° 45' E.), situated about three-quarters of a mile south-south-westward of the fort, is a low projection that is steep-to on its southern and eastern sides. A flat, over which the depths are less than 3 fathoms (5m5), extends about 3 cables offshore eastward of Chiru village. Good anchorage may be obtained off Chiru in a depth of about 8 fathoms (14m6); it is easy of access, sheltered from the shamál, but open to easterly winds. Landing may be effected, opposite the fort or the village, on a steep-to sandy beach; but during easterly winds it is bad. » #353 The Persian Gulf Pilot 1870 - 1932 8th edition, Archive Editions, Slough, 1989 ~ p. 141 Inset detail of Chíru Surveyed by Comm. H. B. T. Somerville R. N., H. M. S. Sphinx, 1903 in {map#1009 Chart 2837a. Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet, Constable, Stiffe, Guy, Brucks, 1860, 'Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet' [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837a, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Chiruyeh « 14.4 Chiruyeh (26°43'N., 53°45'E.) is a village on the W side of a bay whose W entrance point is Sar-e Chiruyeh (26°42'N., 53°44'E.). The sea breaks on a flat extending offshore between Kalat and Sar-e Chiruyeh. 14.4 The village has a conspicuous fort with a square tower at each corner and a prominent tower standing on the shore 0.4 mile NE of the fort. Sare Chiruyeh is low and steep-to on its S and E sides. A 5.5m shoal extends off the point for about 0.5 mile and less water than is charted is reported 1.5 miles SW of the point. Landing can be made on the steep-to sandy beach opposite the village. Anchorage, open to E winds but sheltered from the shamal, can be taken off the village, in a depth of 14.6m. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022, ~ p. 294 « The most important anchorages, all open to the shamal, are in the bights fronting the villages of Bandar-e Moghuyeh, Bandar- e Charak, and Nakhilu; those off Chiruyeh, Jazireh-ye Kish, and Jazireh-ye Lavan are all sheltered from the shamal. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022, ~ p. 293 ※ SOURCE for Cirûh « Mit Ίλα, einem nicht persisehen, sondern phönikisch- babylonischen Namen, fallt entweder das heutige Fischerdorf Cirûh zusammen oder der kleine Ankerplatz an der Nordküste des gegenüberliegenden Eilandes Hindarâbà, welcher Bäume und Brunnen besitzt. [Either the current fishing village of Cirûh or the small anchorage on the north coast of the opposite island of Hindarâbà, which has trees and wells, coincides with Ίλα, a name that is not Persian but Phoenician-Babylonian.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 ~ p. 54 Weiter folgen an der Küstedie Orte Tâbanah تابنه Girah und Kalât-'Obeid; der letzt-genannte liegt auf einem Hügel 250' und hiess vormals Huzû??هزو eine Zwingburg des Seikh von Kiš. Im Hintergrunde??erhebt sich als runde Landmarke der Koh-i-Turungah 5150',Citronenberg. Der letzte Ankerplatz an der Küste gegenüberKiš ist Cirûh mit einem Landvorsprung 30 Miles von Carek,wo die Küste von Karmania ihren natürlichen Abschluss fand, [Further along the coast are the towns of Tâbanah تابنه Girah and Kalât-'Obeid; The latter is located on a hill 250' and was formerly called Huzû?هزو, a stronghold of the Seikh of Kiš. In the background, the Koh-i-Turungah 5150', Citronenberg, rises as a round landmark. The last anchorage on the coast opposite Kiš is Cirûh with a headland 30 miles from Carek, where the coast of Karmania found its natural conclusion,] ※ SOURCE for Tchirou « Tchirou » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Tchirou « Tchirou a 400 habitants commerçants et marins. Sel, animaux, bois de chauffage. [Tchirou has 400 inhabitants, traders and sailors. Salt, animals, firewood.] » #3329 R. Vadala, Le Golfe Persique, Librairie Arthur Rousseau, 1920 ~ p. 87 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.5374 long 53.9682 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Chisi , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Chisi AT Chiru lat 26.7147 long 53.7344 [Badger], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Chisi AT Qeys lat 26.5374 long 53.9682 [Masefield, Dahnhardt], ※ SOURCE for Chisi « The question where Sirif, Polo's Chisi, was situated is easily disposed of Polo describes it as being two hundred miles farther from "Calatu" than Hormuz, "between north-west and west." Almost precisely at that distance from Hormuz, by sea, and in the given direction, there is a place called "Cheroo" in our modern English charts. According to Dean Vincent,' the name is spelt "Sherouw or Sherouve," in the old Dutch charts, but in N. Visscher's map (Amsterdam, 1651), I find it written "Siraf." It possesses a harbour far superior to that of the island of el-Kais, from which it is separated only by a few miles. — "Cheroo," writes Captain Brucks, I.N., "is situated at the bottom of a bay, formed by the Rds or Cape of the same name. It contains about one hundred and fifty men of the Abadaly tribe; the shaikh resides at another village inland....It is the best anchorage in a north- wester in the Gulf, and affords tolerable supplies, and water. It has a few trading-boats." Another confirmatory coincidence is the existence of the small island of Hindrâby a short distance to the southward of Cheroo. This I take to be the Labeth (or Lâmeth) which el-Idrisy places in its vicinity: — "Among the islands of that sea [Fars] are the island of Kharak, the island of Labeth, which is opposite to and near Siráf and the Cape esSafân, and the island of Awal." The cape, as will be seen by a glance at the chart, is a remarkable feature in that part of the coast. fn. 2 Commerce and Navigation of the Ancients, vol. i. p. 381. fn. 3 Bombay Government Selections, No. xxiv. p. 590. fn. 4 Géographie d'Edrisi, ed. Jaubert, tom. i. p. 364. » #482 Razik, Salil-Ibn, History of the Imâms and Seyyids of ’Omân ... from A.D. 661-1856. Translated from the original Arabic and edited, with notes, appendices, and an introduction, continuing the history down to 1870, by G. P. Badger, Darf Publishers Limited, London, 1871/1986 ~ 417 « Those who undertake the voyage, after leaving the river, touch at aplace named Kisi,(2) from whence they proceed to sea: but previously to their reaching this anchorage they pass a city named Balsara fn.2 Kisi, or Chisi in the Italian orthography, is a small island on the eastern side of the Gulf of Persia, named Kis or Kês, to which the trade of Siraf, a port on the neighbouring continent, much celebrated by eastern geographers, was transferred; in consequence, as it may be pre- sumed, of wars in that quarter, and of injuries sustained by the merchants. The exact situation of the latter is not now pointed out by any remains. » #127 Polo, Marco, The Travels of Marco Polo the Venetian, J.M. Dent and Sons Limited:E.P. Dutton and Co, 1926, ~ p. 43 « "Les genz meinent les chevaux jusques à Chisi (= Kisch) et à Curmosa (= Hormuz), qui sont deux cités sur la rive de la mer d'Inde; et illec se freuvent les marcheans qui les achatent et meinent en Ynde pour vendre." ["The genz take the horses as far as Chisi (= Kisch) and Curmosa (= Hormuz), which are two cities on the shore of the Indian Sea; and they take the merchants who buy them and take them to India to sell ."] » #256 Dahnhardt, Dr. Oskar, Xenia Nicolaitana, Zur Geschicte des Hafens von Hormuz, Druck und verlag von B.G. Teubner, Leipzig, 1912, ~ p. 188 Chistaneh : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.136064 long 56.02144 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chesterneh , Chistaneh , ※ SOURCE for Chesterneh « Leaving Bandar Abbas, the road to Lar runs along the coast in a westerly direction for some 15 miles, touching a few date groves here and there, and often crossing the dry beds of torrents which take their rise in the hills to the north. The "raised beach" formation, so conspicuous at Bandar Abbas, gradually disappears as one goes westward, and ends altogether about 15 miles west of Bandar Abbas. At the desolate serai of Chesterneh the road turns abruptly west through the Tang-i-Chakabak. A curious illusion was here produced by the salt efflorescence remaining in the dry bed of the torrent which runs through the pass: until within a few hundred yards, the white salt looked exactly like the foam of water, so naturally does it lie in the hundred channels occupied in flood-time by the water. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 153 « At 12 miles 5 furlongs a dry water-course appears to north of the road, and then runs off to east. One mile 6 furlongs in advance, the road crosses this water-course, flow to south-west, bed shallow, of a sandy whitish clay, and about 20 yards in breadth. At 14 miles 5 furlongs, the caravanserai and cistern of Chesterneh, both in good repair, and the latter full of sweet water. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 36 ※ SOURCE for Chistaneh « Chistaneh Well» in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Bandar_Abbas G-40C 1942} « The road now runs over sandy clayey ground, sparsely covered with yellow grass. At 3 miles pass the fortified caravanserai of Chistanch, the cistern of which was dry in March 1907. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 28 « 6. The route to Lar (137 miles) and by Lar to Shiraz goes by Chistāneh (at 15 miles) and Gachin Bala (at 23 miles) and so leaves the district: the only part at all difficult in dry weather lies apparently in broken country 4 miles beyond Chistaneh.§ fn. § See Routes in Persia, I, No 20. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 1703 Salar water reservoir and caravanserai online reference link [accessed 16 Feb 2024] Chogha : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058830 coordinate: lat 29.64434125 long 52.50792302 NIMA/GNS names: Chogha , Chowgeyah , Chowgiah , Chugiah , چوگیاه , VARIANT names: Chogha , Choghukabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3756759 coordinate: lat 28.922226 long 58.66654 NIMA/GNS names: Choghukabad , Choghukabad-e Pa'in , Joghukabad , جغوک آباد , چغوک آباد , چغوک آباد پائین , VARIANT names: Choghukabad , Narmasir , ※ SOURCE for Narmasir #895 p. 313 Chul : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: TMB UFI: -3058876 coordinate: lat 33.1 long 47.833333 NIMA/GNS names: Chul , چول , VARIANT names: Chul , ※ SOURCE for Chul « 5 CHUL 7. Vide main route No. 38 stage 5. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 155 Chul Pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3058877 coordinate: lat 33.066667 long 47.733333 NIMA/GNS names: Chul Pass , Gardaneh-ye Chul , Gardan-i-Chul , گردنۀ چول , VARIANT names: Chul Pass , Chul-i-Hul : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3058887 coordinate: lat 33.31551 long 47.889215 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Afrineh , Ab-e Chul Hul , Ab-e Chul Jul , Ab-i-Chulhul , Chulhul , Chul-i-Hul , Rudkhaneh-ye Chul Hul , Rudkhaneh-ye Chulhul , آب چول هول , چولهول , رودخانه چول هول , VARIANT names: Chul-i-Hul , Churan river : stream grp 37 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.402901 long 63.217667 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Churan river , ※ SOURCE for Churan river « Churan river » in {map#1351 Bedford and Smith Map of Afghanistan from Kandahar to Herat, James Bedford, Surveyor General's Office, 1839, Geographicus, New York fig. Route of the British Mission proceeding from Kandahar to Herat in June and July A.D. 1839.} Church of Our Lady of the Rosary, New Julfa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.630878 long 51.649595 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Church of Our Lady of the Rosary, New Julfa , ※ SOURCE for Church of Our Lady of the Rosary, New Julfa « In 1657, Italian Dominicans, with the help of Catholic Armenians started their existence in New Julfa. This church was established in 1681 and dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary under their patronal title of Our Lady of the Rosary. » online reference link [accessed 17 May 2025] « And there lieth continually a Portugall Embassador, and fiue Portugall Friars, who haue a Church, and a house to entertaine Roman Catholiks, and other Christians at their pleasures, and haue meanes suffi|cient to maintaine the same.Also there are great store of Armenian Christians, and some Gréekes, who liue all at frée liberty without restraint or controll for their Religion. And so much for the great and rich City of Ispahawne. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 55 cistern and caravanserai (R63) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.512243 long 54.299755 VARIANT names: cistern and caravanserai (R63) , ※ SOURCE for cistern and caravanserai (R63) « rather indifferent road, which runs over open grounds as far as the N.-Ε. extremity of the plain, passing a cistern and a caravanserai at 1¼ miles. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 62 cistern KM015 : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.8407832 long 53.3659807 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: cistern KM015 , ※ SOURCE for cistern KM015 « Bei KM 015 und 016 lagen Zisternen des lang-rechteckigen Typs (Tafel 30, 1) mit Spitztonnen-Überdachung am Wege, wie man sie an vielen Stellen Irans findet. Meist gehören sie in ihrer jetzigen Form den letzten Jahrhunderten an (11). fn. 11 Gaube, H., Arragan, Taf. III. [At KM 015 and 016, cisterns of the long rectangular type (Plate 30, 1) with pointed barrel roofs were located along the road, as can be found in many places in Iran. In their current form, they mostly date from the last few centuries (11). fn. 11 Gaube, H., Arragan, Plate III.] » #3262 Gaube, Heinz, Im Hinterland von Siraf. Das Tal von Galledar/Fal und seine Nachbargebiete : (Tafeln 30-37)., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1980 vol. 13:pp. 149-166 ~ p. 153 cistern nr. Basse : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.062301 long 54.587454 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: cistern nr. Basse , ※ SOURCE for cistern nr. Basse « At the second hour of night we dismounted by an earthen house near a cistern called Basse. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 291 Ciuciululion : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.292443 long 56.338087 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Return journey to north first six stages, Minab to Kahuristan. actual distance about 156 kms. each stage average 26 kms. Ciuciululion stage 3 at 78 kms. Issin, Kushar and Kahuristan known. VARIANT names: Ciuciululion , ※ SOURCE for Ciuciululion « poco innanzi giorno arrivammo a posarci in una villa chiamataCiuciululion, la quale è di quaranta o poco più case sparse, lontano una dal- l'altra, per un gran palmeto, dove tra le palme son piantati ancora degli altri alberi; ed in particolare ve ne son molti di certa specie, che non fanno frutto che si mangi, ed hanno le foglie simili a quelle degli ulivi, dai quali la villa prende il nome. [a little earlier in the day we arrived to settle in a villa called Ciuciululion, which is made up of forty or so houses scattered, far from each other, in a large palm grove, where other trees are planted among the palms; and in particular there are many of a certain species, which do not bear fruit that can be eaten, and have leaves similar to those of the olive trees, from which the villa takes its name.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 288 « Noi, avute queste nuove, risolvemmo di trattenerei inCiuciululion, senza aridar piú in- nanzi alla marina;[Having received this news, we resolved to remain inCiuciululion, without going any further towards the sea; ] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 290 « In somma per tutte que- ste e diverse altre ragioni che tralascio per brevità, pensai che non conveniva di trattenermi più inCiuciululion, ma che doves- simo ritirarci in qualche luogo, dove se non passare potessimo, almeno dimorar con più sicurezza. Si era saputo che la carovana della setta degli Inglesi, due giorni prima era passata per una villa ivi vicina, e che nel porto di Combrù erano stati veduti alcuni de'loro, con lacub loro interprete e, che fu già un tempo interprete mio, e che erano andati tutti a Minà, fortezza, capo del Moghostan, [In short, for all these and several other reasons which I will omit for the sake of brevity, I thought that it was not appropriate to stay any longer in Ciuciululion, but that we should retreat to some place, where if we could not pass, at least we could stay in greater safety. It had become known that the caravan of the English sect had passed through a nearby villa two days earlier, and that some of them had been seen in the port of Combrù, with their interpreter and, who had once been my interpreter, and that they had all gone to Mina, fortress, head of Moghostan,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 295 Clarence Strait : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STRT UFI: -3754965 coordinate: lat 26.999203 long 56.036734 NIMA/GNS names: Clarence Strait , Khuran Strait , Tor`eh-ye Khoran-e Bostanu , Tor`eh-ye Khowran , Tor`eh-ye Khowran-e Bostaneh , ترعه خوران , VARIANT names: Clarence Strait , NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.444 long 66.109 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Cocala , ※ SOURCE for Cocala #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ Indica 23.4 Cochin : place IND NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2093645 coordinate: lat 9.9666667 long 76.2333333 NIMA/GNS names: British Cochin , Cochin , Fort Cochin , Gundu Island , Kochi , Kuchi Bandar , Malabar , Vimanativu , Willingdon Island , VARIANT names: Cochin , NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.241 long 64.429 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Colta , ※ SOURCE for Colta #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ Indica 26.6 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.047 long 61.723 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Cophas , ※ SOURCE for Cophas #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ Indica 27.4 Coprates : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 32.19474 long 48.379788 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Coprates , ※ SOURCE for Coprates « Coprates » in #2982 Michael J. Kirkby, Appendix I. Land and water resources of the Deh Luran and Khuzistan plains, in: Frank Hole with M. J. Kirkby and Colin Renfrew, Studies in the Archeological History of the Deh Luran Plain: The Excavation of Chagha Sefid, Museum of Anthropology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1977, ~ p. 277 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 26 long 32.817 VARIANT names: Coptus , ※ SOURCE for Coptus owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Coptus, 32.817, 26, EG, nkn, exact, 134, tmcIRa0100_007a » Coughton : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.8287 long 53.3259 Supplement: not known VARIANT names: Coughton , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Coughton AT Taduwan lat 28.8287 long 53.3259 [], ※ SOURCE for Coughton « Next day to Coughton, to Vnghea next, thence to Moyechaw, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132 « Next day to Coughton [Kuidunā?], where the people in few years before suffered in an high measure by locusts, which these parts are sometimes infested with.The next day we got to Unghea; the day following to Moyechaw; the next to Pully-pot-shaw (1) fn. 1 This place (like the two preceding ones) has not been identified. The name is evidently Pul-i-Padshah, the bridge of the Emperor'. Herbert's itinerary (see appendix) adds the name of another stage, viz. Emoom (not identified). Clearly the cavalcade did not keep strictly to the usual route. » #3247 ed. Foster, William, Thomas Herbert travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ pp. 66-7 CT : arch. site IRN UTM: 5200, 2930 converted to coordinate: lat 29.5 long 52 VARIANT names: CT , ※ SOURCE for CT « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Ctesiphon : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: -3111754 coordinate: lat 33.0833333 long 44.5833333 NIMA/GNS names: Arch of Ctesiphon , Ctesiphon , Ctesiphon , Taq Kisra , VARIANT names: Ctesiphon , ※ SOURCE for Ctesiphon owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Ctesiphon, 44.583332, 33.083332, IQ, nkn, exact, 10, tmcIRa0100_042a » NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 22.098568 long 59.701182 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Cuaua , Cuoua , Cuova , Guoua , ※ SOURCE for Cuaua « Cuaua » {map#897 Carte de l'Océan Indien, John Burston, 1665, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 213 DIV 3 P 4 RES} estimated map coordinates 21.561862, 59.246103 ※ SOURCE for Cuoua Extract from the table « The Ancient, and Modern Names of the Second, And Third Part Of Asia of the Provinces, Kingdoms, … and Islands: .... By Giacomo de Gastaldi, Piamontese Cofmographo, in Venetia. Bofara — Guoua — 98.30.21.50. » in #2701 Cosmografia Universale, Bertelli, Fernando, 1571 ~ p. 121. The accompanying map by Gastaldi on page 128 shows « Cuoua » « Aussi tost qu'on a passe Mazira on paruient à Cuoua, et là commence le goulphe Sachalite a faillir venant a son autre extremité, qui est au promontoire Corodam, lequel à present on nomme Cap Refalgat, où commence le Royaume d'Ormus » [As soon as we pass Mazira we appear at Cuoua, and there the Sachalite Gulf begins to fail coming to its other extremity, which is at the promontory Corodam, which at present is called Cape Refalgat, where begins the Kingdom of Ormus,] #2249 Sebastian Münster, François de Belleforest, La cosmographie universelle de tout le monde, chez Michel Sonnius, Paris, 1575 ~ col. 1169 Cuoua above Spalheiro in {map#875 Deliniantur in hac Tabula, Orae Maritimae Abexiae, Freti Mecani: al Maris Rubri: Arabiae, Ormi, Persiae, Supra Sindam usque …, published by J.H. van Linschoten, 1596, Sanderus, Item Number: 5934} {map#653 Aden in Il Disegno Della Seconda Parte Dell' Asia, Giacomo Gastaldi, Venice, 1561, } shows « Cuoua » with “fort”inside substantial necked bay at Qudaymah ※ SOURCE for Cuova « Cuova » with no circle marker « el Gunka » and « Coutreki » both with circle markers in {map#900 L'Arabia Divisa in Petrea, Deserta, e Felice, G. Titteri ser, 1784, Atlante novissimo vol. 4} estimated map coordinates 22.108708, 59.638206 ※ SOURCE for Guoua Extract from the table « The Ancient, and Modern Names of the Second, And Third Part Of Asia of the Provinces, Kingdoms, … and Islands: .... By Giacomo de Gastaldi, Piamontese Cofmographo, in Venetia. Bofara — Guoua — 98.30.21.50. » in #2701 Cosmografia Universale, Bertelli, Fernando, 1571 ~ p. 121. The accompanying map by Gastaldi on page 128 shows « Cuoua ». Two spellings within same document « Guoua » and « Cuoua ». Curi hazirgon : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.673928 long 56.23319 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Curi hazirgon , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Curi hazirgon AT Gishan lat 27.6765 long 56.235 [[PBR]], ※ SOURCE for Curi hazirgon « il venerdi, da due ore innanzi giorno, ci fermammo a riposar sotto un albero, presso un'acqua salmastra (ne altra vi era da bere) in un luogo che si chiama Curi hazirgon, che è quanto a dire, Sepoltura del Mer- cante: così detto, come io crede, da qualche mercante che ivi lovette morire ed esser seppellito. [on Friday, two hours before the day, we stopped to rest under a tree, near a brackish water (there was no other to drink) in a place called Curi hazirgon, which is to say, the Merchant's Burial. : so said, as I believe, by some merchant who loved to die and be buried there.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 286 Cusheconnah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.641116 long 65.51394 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: NOT IDENTIFIED- TEMP POSITION VARIANT names: Cusheconnah , ※ SOURCE for Cusheconnah « Five days later, they were at Cushecunam, the last fortress of the Moghul, in an arid, stony plain, a place not to be identified with Bernouilli's Cusheconnah, near and W. of Kandahar. On the eve of Palm-Sunday (1642) they had arrived at the first fortress of Persia, Gazichan, and on the day after Easter, the city of Ferra was reached. Cf. pp. 445-447." » #3488 ed. Ganda Singh, The Panjab Past and Present - Volume 02 Part 2 Serial No. 4, Publication Bureau Punjabi University, Patiala, 1968 ~ p. 258 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.226 long 60.954 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Cyiza , ※ SOURCE for Cyiza #972 Indica 27.6 D Bagr-e-Shah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.618695 long 52.541336 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bab-i Darak Musa , D Bagr-e-Shah , Darak Muusa , Derwaza Bag Shah , ※ SOURCE for Bab-i Darak Musa « Bab-i Darak Musa » in {map#1282 in #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ fig. map 1 Map of Medieval Shiraz based on textual sources} ※ SOURCE for D Bagr-e-Shah « D Bagr-e-Shah » in {map#1271 in #3003 John R. Perry, Karim Khan Zand A History of Iran, 1747-1779, University of Chicago Press, Chicago:London, 2015 ~ fig. Fig. 3 Shiraz under Karim Khan} ※ SOURCE for Darak Muusa « According to Mostowfi, in 1340 Shiraz had nine gates. (11)... Darak Musa Gate: exact location unknown, probably on the wed side of the city opposite the Darak Mountain. fn. 11 Nozhat al-Golub p. 113. » #3194 John W. Limbert, Shiraz in the Age of Hafez The Glory of a Medieval Persian City, University of Washington Press, 2004 ~ p. 53 ※ SOURCE for Derwaza Bag Shah « The city of Shirauz has fix gates, of which the following are the names: I ft, Derwaza Bag Shah; 2d, Derwaza Shah Meerza Hamza; 3d, Derwaza Sadi, fo called from its leading to the tomb of that celebrated poet ; 4th, Derwaza Cuffub Khana, adjoining to the flefh market; 5th, Derwaza Shadaje; 6th, Derwaza Kazeroon, » #3277 Francklin, William, Observations made on a tour from Bengal to Persia, in the years 1786-7; with a short account of the remains of the celebrated palace of Persepolis and other interesting events, Stuart and Cooper, Calcutta, 1788 ~ p. 22 D. Gahar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LK UFI: -3862219 coordinate: lat 33.305609 long 49.283358 NIMA/GNS names: D. Gahar , Daryacheh-ye Gohar , دریاچه گهر , VARIANT names: D. Gahar , Lake Irene , ※ SOURCE for Lake Irene « Lake Irene » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} D1 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5309, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 53.15 VARIANT names: D1 , ※ SOURCE for D1 « Other variants: none Details: The precise location of D1] is marked on an annotated map from the Collection Archive marked 'Type 2 Londo’. No. of sherds: 50 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 D12 Neran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5316, 2702 converted to coordinate: lat 27.211111 long 53.039167 VARIANT names: D12 Neran , ※ SOURCE for D12 Neran « Other variants: none Details: The location of Neran is listed in USBGN (383). The Site Card also contains the caption 'no pottery’. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « corrected coordinates » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 779 D13 Neran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5316, 2702 converted to coordinate: lat 27.211111 long 53.039167 VARIANT names: D13 Neran , ※ SOURCE for D13 Neran « Other variants: none Details: The location of Neran is listed in USBGN (383). No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « corrected coordinates » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 779 D14 Moghun : arch. site IRN UTM: 5310, 2704 converted to coordinate: lat 27.074722 long 53.166944 VARIANT names: D14 Moghun , ※ SOURCE for D14 Moghun « Other variants: Mogun, Moghdan Details: A possible equivalent version of the place name, Moghdan, is marked but not listed (Adamec, 1989: Map Sheet 52-C), however the ‘d' in Moghdan is not readily expendable, which raises some doubt over the identification. No. of sherds: 71 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « corrected coordinates » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 779 D15 Shiwu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5308, 2704 converted to coordinate: lat 27.080278 long 53.143333 VARIANT names: D15 Shiwu , ※ SOURCE for D15 Shiwu « Other variants: Sheyu, Shiyu Shivuh Shiu Details: Equivalent versions of the same place name, including Sheyu and Shiyu (Adamec, 1989), Shiu (USBGN: 59) and Shivnh (Lorimer, 1908: 1812), are listed and their location is given. The town, which has a fort and a tower, is described as a port for goods traded widely through the Persian Gulf and over to Oman as well as to a route leadmg inland up Gabandi valley (Lorimer, 1908: 1812). No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « corrected coordinates » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 781 D16 Shiwu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5308, 2704 converted to coordinate: lat 27.080278 long 53.143333 VARIANT names: D16 Shiwu , ※ SOURCE for D16 Shiwu « Other variants: Sheyu, Shiyu Shivuh Shiu Details: See D15. No. of sherds: 23 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « corrected coordinates » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 781 D17 Qalatu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5305, 2705 converted to coordinate: lat 27.095833 long 53.085556 VARIANT names: D17 Qalatu , ※ SOURCE for D17 Qalatu « Other variants: Kalatu Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Kalatu, is identified as an uninhabited harbour with a few boats immediately. adjacent.to Ziyerat (Lorimer, 1908: 1796). The precise position of the site has been given where a small settlement is marked in a bay next to Ziarat (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 115 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « corrected coordinates » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 781 D18 Ziarat : arch. site IRN UTM: 5305, 2705 converted to coordinate: lat 27.095833 long 53.082222 VARIANT names: D18 Ziarat , ※ SOURCE for D18 Ziarat « Other variants: none Details: The location of Ziarat is given by USBGN (575). No. of sherds: 115 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « corrected coordinates » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 782 D19 Borogla : arch. site IRN UTM: 5304, 2707 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1166666666667 long 53.0666666666667 VARIANT names: D19 Borogla , ※ SOURCE for D19 Borogla « Other variants: Buraghleh Details: The location of an equivalent version of the place name, Buraghleh, is given within the description of the Ziarat, which is "2 miles South East of Buraghleh" (Lorimer, 1908: 1796). No. of sherds: 5 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 D20 Bostanu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5246, 2723 converted to coordinate: lat 27.3833333333333 long 52.7666666666667 VARIANT names: D20 Bostanu , ※ SOURCE for D20 Bostanu « Other variants: none Details: The location of a small village with a round tower and a covered water tank and the place name Bostanu is given (C and S: 174). There is also another village closer to the main site cluster in Region D with the toponym Bostaneh, located at E5303/N2706, but this option has been disregarded, as the first toponym corresponds precisely. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 D21 Bostanu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5246, 2723 converted to coordinate: lat 27.3833333333333 long 52.7666666666667 VARIANT names: D21 Bostanu , ※ SOURCE for D21 Bostanu « Other variants: none Details: See D20. No. of sherds: 18 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 D22 Bostanu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5246, 2723 converted to coordinate: lat 27.3833333333333 long 52.7666666666667 VARIANT names: D22 Bostanu , ※ SOURCE for D22 Bostanu « Other variants: none Details: See D20.The Site Card also contains the sub-heading 'Samarin'. No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 D25 Sirjan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: D25 Sirjan , ※ SOURCE for D25 Sirjan « Other variants: none Details: The location of Sirjan is given by Morgan and Leatherby (1987: 25, pl. 1). No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 D29 Shiwu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5308, 2704 converted to coordinate: lat 27.080278 long 53.143333 VARIANT names: D29 Shiwu , ※ SOURCE for D29 Shiwu « Other variants: See D15 Details: See D15. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « corrected coordinates » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 785 D30 Neran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5316, 2702 converted to coordinate: lat 27.211111 long 53.039167 VARIANT names: D30 Neran , ※ SOURCE for D30 Neran « Other variants: none Details: See D13. No. of sherds: 29 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « corrected coordinates » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ p. 785 D34 Sirjan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: D34 Sirjan , ※ SOURCE for D34 Sirjan « Other variants: none Details: The location of Sirjan is given by Morgan and Leatherby (1987: 25, pl. 1). No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Dabiran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058932 coordinate: lat 28.406117 long 54.187974 NIMA/GNS names: Dabiran , Doboran , Dooban , Dowban , Dowbaran , Dowboran , Duboran , دوبران , VARIANT names: Dabiran , Dadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058941 coordinate: lat 33.301547 long 48.184941 NIMA/GNS names: Dadabad , Dadabad-e Sofla , Qal`eh Hajj-e `Ali Morad Khan , Sarchak-e Dadabad , داد آباد سفلی , داداباد سفلى , سرچک داد آباد , قلعه حاج على مراد خان , VARIANT names: Dadabad , ※ SOURCE for Dadabad « DADABAD Plateau 10. General direction N. by E. up Küh-i-Ghazal crossing it at a point called Chūghalu. Thence a slight camp is the highest on the route descent to the camp. This camp is the highest on the route.Water. Plentiful.Fuel. Plentiful.Fodder.Good grazing. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 156 Dadabad-e `Olya : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10734303 coordinate: lat 33.2941 long 48.2075 NIMA/GNS names: Dadabad-e `Olya , Mir Kuchak`ali-ye Dadabad , Sarchak-e Dadabad , Sarchak-e Dadabad-e `Olya , داد آباد علیا , سرچک داد آباد , VARIANT names: Dadabad-e `Olya , Dazabad (plateau) , ※ SOURCE for Dazabad (plateau) « Shah-in-Shah itself is on a low spur above the plain, and is distinguished by a white dome from which Khurramābād bears 32 » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 153 Dadenjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059414 coordinate: lat 29.1147 long 52.2281 NIMA/GNS names: Dadenjan , Darenjan , دادنجان , VARIANT names: Dadenjan , Dadijun , ※ SOURCE for Dadijun « Dadijun » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Shiraz 444 C Dadin-e Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3760502 coordinate: lat 29.308529 long 51.867322 NIMA/GNS names: Dadin-e `Olya , Dadin-e Bala , Hoseynabad , Hoseyn-e Zakipur , Kargah , حسین آباد , دادین بالا , دادین علیا , کارگاه , VARIANT names: Dadin-e Bala , ※ SOURCE for Dadin-e Bala « The Akhshin River originates from the Dadin Mountains and joins the Tawwaj River in the Jongan area (Astakhari, 120; Ibn Hawqal, 1 Dadin Bala village and Dadin Bala village are located 48 and 60 km southeast of Kazeroon, respectively. Lestrange mistakenly wrote that there is no place called Dadin on the maps of the region (Lestrange, 1912: 323) » #3088 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars Rivers (in Persian) in Proceeding of the 1st Conference of Historical Geography, Tehran-March 2015 (pp.651-668), ~ p. 655 Dadin-e Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058955 coordinate: lat 29.318304 long 51.864024 NIMA/GNS names: Dadin-e `Olya , Dadin-e Bala , Shah Manzar , دادین بالا , دادین علیا , شاه منظر , VARIANT names: Dadhin , Dadin-e Bala , ※ SOURCE for Dadhin « the town of Dadhin on the lower course of the Jerreh river was within this plain. » #3094 Donald Whitcomb, Trade and Tradition In Medieval Southern Iran - Thesis, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 1979 ~ p.78 ※ SOURCE for Dadin-e Bala « The Akhshin River originates from the Dadin Mountains and joins the Tawwaj River in the Jongan area (Astakhari, 120; Ibn Hawqal, 1 Dadin Bala village and Dadin Bala village are located 48 and 60 km southeast of Kazeroon, respectively. Lestrange mistakenly wrote that there is no place called Dadin on the maps of the region (Lestrange, 1912: 323) » #3088 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars Rivers (in Persian) in Proceeding of the 1st Conference of Historical Geography, Tehran-March 2015 (pp.651-668), ~ p. 655 Dadivan plain : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 28.800331 long 53.418665 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dadivan plain , ※ SOURCE for Dadivan plain « Quand on est sorti de ce chemin on trouve une plaine appelée Dadivan, de quatre ou cinq lieues de circuit, dont la plus grande partie est pleine d'orangers, de citronniers et de grenadiers. [When we leave this path we find a plain called Dadivan, four or five leagues in circuit, the greater part of which is full of orange, lemon and pomegranate trees. ] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 311 « Or, la rivière dont j'ai parlé ci-deſſus, que l'on rencontre ſur le chemin de Shiraz à Lâr, et qui finit par former un lac près de Dadivan, coulant dans un lit profond, comme l'a remarqué Thevenot, et fervant à arroſer tout un canton par des dérivations, doit être cette rivière qui coule dans la Perſe creuſe. [Now, the river of which I spoke above, which we encounter on the way from Shiraz to Lar, and which ends up forming a lake near Dadivan, flowing in a deep bed, as noted Thevenot, and keen to water an entire canton by diversions, must be this river which flows into hollow Persia.] » #2907 M. d'Anville, Recherches ge´ographiques sur le golfe Persique, et sur les bouches de l'Euphrate et du Tigre. In Mémoires de Littérature, Tirés des Registres de l'Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Tome Trentième., De l'imprimerie Royale, Paris, 1764, pp. 132-197 ~ p. 160 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.783 long 57.31 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Dagasira , ※ SOURCE for Dagasira #972 Indica 29.6 Daghmar : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786669 coordinate: lat 23.1833333 long 59 NIMA/GNS names: Daghmar , VARIANT names: Daghmar , Dagino , Daxnia , ※ SOURCE for Dagino « Dagino (Daxnia in the Spanish version, Dagina in Ribero's map). It cannot be identified with certainty in modern maps, but may possibly be the Wadi Dāghmar in the map in Badger's Imams and Sayyids of 'Oman. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ p.70 « The distortions are perhaps most violent in Barbosa where Sur becomes Char, Qalhāt Calarate. Tiwi Terue. Daghmar Dagino. Suḥar Coquiar and Khawr Fakkān Profam. His Etem, which defeated Longworth Dames, is obviously Yiti. » #2592 Beckingham CF., Some notes on the Portuguese in Oman, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1983 vol. 6:pt. 1: ~ p.18 ※ SOURCE for Daxnia « Dagino (Daxnia in the Spanish version, Dagina in Ribero's map). It cannot be identified with certainty in modern maps, but may possibly be the Wadi Dāghmar in the map in Badger's Imams and Sayyids of 'Oman. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ p.70 « In the beginning of this kingdom on the coast outside of this sea of Persia, is:- First Calhat,(3) a very large town or handsome houses, and well situated; the inhabitants are rich nobles and merchants: it is forty-four leagues from Cape Fasalhat. Thirty-two leagues further on there is another small place called Tybi, which has good water with which the ships navigating all this coast provide themselves. Twenty-five leagues further on is another small place called Daxnia, also a sea-port. Thirty leagues further on is another large place which is a very good town of much trade in merchandise, which is called Curiat, (1) fn. 3 ln the German Atlas there is a place called Kellat, and another cIose by called Calajute ; Calata, Ortelius. fn. 1 Curiate in Ortelius and the German Atlas. » #2616 Duarte Barbosa, A Description of the Coasts of East Africa And Malabar in the beginning of the sixteenth century , by Duarte Barbosa, A Portuguese . Translated from an early Spanish Manuscript in the Barcelona Library with Notes and a Preface byThe Hon. Henry E. J. Stanley, printed for the Hakluyt Society, London, 1866 ~ pp. 32-3 Dagmar 1 (DG1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL039632 converted to coordinate: lat 23.1651808562716 long 58.9917800793248 VARIANT names: Dagmar 1 (DG1) , ※ SOURCE for Dagmar 1 (DG1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Dagmar 2 (DG2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL034642 converted to coordinate: lat 23.1742703300443 long 58.9870314283958 VARIANT names: Dagmar 2 (DG2) , ※ SOURCE for Dagmar 2 (DG2) « Village » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Dahaneh-ye Kutak : stream grp 20 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10443931 coordinate: lat 27.9113 long 56.8142 NIMA/GNS names: Dahaneh-ye Kutak , دهنه کوتک , VARIANT names: Dahaneh-ye Kutak , Dahkestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060594 coordinate: lat 28.7028 long 54.3941 NIMA/GNS names: Dahkestan , Deh Kestan , Dehkestan , ده کستان , دهکستان , VARIANT names: Dahkestan , Dehekestan , ※ SOURCE for Dehekestan « 250 to village Dehekestan. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 161 Dahkuyeh Old Grand Mosque : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.852281 long 54.415864 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dahkuyeh Old Grand Mosque , Da'ilar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059064 coordinate: lat 34.520435 long 48.833184 NIMA/GNS names: Da'ilar , Da'illar , Dayler , La'idar , La'ilu , دائیلر , دایلر , VARIANT names: Da'ilar , Daimaniyat Islands : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISLS UFI: -786721 coordinate: lat 23.855446 long 58.088003 NIMA/GNS names: Al-Daymaniyyat , Daimaniyat , Daimaniyat Islands , Daymaniyat Island , Jaza'ir Daymaniyat , Juzur ad Daymaniyat , Juzur ad Dimaniyyat , Saba` Jazair , جزر الديمانيات , VARIANT names: A Vitória Island , Daimaniyat Islands , Demaniatte Rocks , ilhéus de Soar , Kalaiou Nesoi , Sieb islands , Ya shu tsai chi hsü , ※ SOURCE for A Vitória Island « Our journey continued in the afternoon, and before nightfall we passed the islet of A Vitória58 on the left, which is near the mainland. It is a small [text blacked out] [superscript: crag] with a very small amount of sand around it, yet quite famous because more than fifty years ago it was taken in a fight against nine Turkish galleys by D. Fernão de Noronha, son of D. António de Noronha,59 the viceroy of India. Fn. 58 A Vitória Island appears to be one of the Daymāniyāt Islands, located off the coast of Oman at 23°51'19"N, 58°05'22"E. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017 ~ p. 266 ※ SOURCE for Daimaniyat Islands [The Daimaniyat Islands group comprise 3 distinct clusters, the central cluster being 16 km off the coastline and about 7 km ling. The western cluster includes al Jun some 7.5 km from the central cluster and the eastern cluster includes Kharaba some 6 km from the central cluster.] « Opposite the coast, and nine miles distant between Burka and Seeb, lie a group of islands, seven in number, called the Deymanieh ; they are all sterile, waterless and uninhabited, and two only have separate names—Joon and Khararaba. (The Deymanieh group is often called by fishermen the “ Saba Jezair ” or the Seven Islands, and derives this appellation “ Devmanieh ” from a tribe of that name, of which a small remnant still exists in Oman ; the name has remained unaltered since the time of Pliny.) » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p.459 « 2B-12 Daimaniyat Islands.-These islands, known locally as Saba' Jazair, consist of several groups lying 72 to 9 miles offshore and paralleling the coast for a distance of 12 miles westward of the village of As Sib. They are quite barren, without water, and are visited by fishermen from the mainland. The 100-fathom curve lies 5 to 6 miles northward of the islands, and the depths for several miles southward of them are fairly regular and less than 20 fath- oms, except in the vicinity of the eastern group. In depths less than 20 fathoms the bot- tom is mud and sand, and in greater depths it is chiefly mud. » #2824 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf Including the Gulf of Oman and the Northern Shore of the Arabian Sea as Far Eastward as Ras Muāri H.O. Pub . No. 62 ( Formerly No. 158), U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office, Washington, 1960 ~ p. 76 « The middle group consists of seven islets and some detached rocks, the easternmost islet lying 3 miles west-northwestward of Jazirat Kharaba. The two largest islets of this group are 53 and 83 feet high, respectively, have low light-brown cliffs, and are difficult to distinguish at night. They are reported to be steep-to with no off-lying shoals, but soundings are no guide when a vessel is approaching them from southward. On the westernmost and largest islet are two small hills separated by a valley. The British naval vessel Hastings anchored about 900 yards southward of the eastern end of this islet in 15 fathoms, sand. This position afforded good shelter from a heavy swell, which, because of a light shamal then blowing, was setting in around the islets. Landing was easily made at two good sandy beaches near the middle of the southern side of this islet. » #2824 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf Including the Gulf of Oman and the Northern Shore of the Arabian Sea as Far Eastward as Ras Muāri H.O. Pub . No. 62 ( Formerly No. 158), U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office, Washington, 1960 ~ p. 76 ※ SOURCE for Demaniatte Rocks « Demaniatte Rocks » in {map#982 Chart of the Entrance to the Persian Gulf, Fergusson, from the surveys of Brucks, Haines and Grieve, 1857, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3635/33, in Qatar Digital Library} « The centre of the Daminiatte Rocks, usually called the Damiceette Rocks, is in lat. 23° 50' 48" N., long. 58° 15' 25" E. A small reef runs round these, safe to approach to ten fathoms. Between these rocks and Jazeerat Jeune the channel is a mile and three quarters wide, with soundings ten to eighteen fathoms in it. Between these rocks and the shore the channel is eight miles wide, with soundings of from seven to sixteen fathoms. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 628 ※ SOURCE for ilhéus de Soar « SOAR, ilhéus de - Nome dado por Diogo do Couto a uns · ilhéus do' golfo de Omão, que situa a doze léguas de Mascate ou Muskat e que assim se identificam com os ilhéus Daimaniyat, em 23° 52' lat. N. e 58° OS' longo E. [Diogo do Couto-Da Ásia]. » [SOAR, islets of - Name given by Diogo do Couto to some islanders of the Gulf of Omão, located twelve leagues from Muscat or Muskat and thus identified with the Daimaniyat islets, at 23° 52' lat. N. and 58° OS' long E. [Diogo do Couto-Da Asia]. »] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z, p. 166 ※ SOURCE for Kalaiou Nesoi « G5 | Kalaiou Nesoi | R | Ad Daymaniyat OMN | Potts 1990, 315 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ MAP 3 ASIA OCCIDENTALIS, p. 36 « The Periplus generally gives distances, in stadia, between one place or landmark and the next all the way along the coast of Arabia. From ’Sarapis’ (Masira Island) the next position it lists is the ’Kalaiou Islands’, which can be identified with the islands of Dayminiyit, near Muscat, since there is no other group of islands at all along that coast. These were reached ’after about 2000 stadia’ (200 miles) from Masira (9). fn. 9. 2000 stadia, or about 200 miles, is roughly correct for this stretch. I have followed Schoff‘s translation here. Huntingford translated this section to mean that the islands ’stretched along the land for about 2000 stades’, which is an absurdity as they extend over no more than 14 miles. Schoff‘s interpretation must be the right one. » #218 Groom, Nigel, Oman and the Emirates in Ptolemy's Map, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 1994 ~ p. 397 ※ SOURCE for Sieb islands « From the islands of Borca till the islands of Sib (44) the course is W. and half to the South for 1¾ mile. The islands of Sieb are 5 in number (45) and close to them 4 to 5 crags are to be found. They are situated 4½ miles off-shore. They are also named after a place which is situated right opposite them on-shore and which is called Sieb. (44) fn. 43 Sib. fn. 45 The islands of Barkeh and Sib are called "the Deymanieh/ Dimaniyat/; they are all sterile, waterless and unhabited, and two have seperate names - Joon and Khararba. (The Deymanieh group is often called by fishermen the "Saba Jezair" or the Seven Islands, and derives this appelation "Deymanieh" from a tribe of that name, of which a small remnant still exists in Oman; the name has remained unaltered since the time of Pliny)", MILES, p. 459. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 305 ※ SOURCE for Ya shu tsai chi hsü « Daimaniyat islands, 23° 51' N » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 2 p. 298 Daiyir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061101 coordinate: lat 27.8399 long 51.9378 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Deyyer , Daiyir , Dayer , Dayyer , Deyr , Qal'eh Dir , بندر دیر , دير , قلئه دير , VARIANT names: Bandar Dayyur , Daiyir , Dayah , Dayer , Dayyir , Dehir , Deir , Deyer , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Dayyir FOR Najiram [Minorsky], ※ SOURCE for Bandar Dayyur « Najiram and Hurushi (1)-Najiramn is a small town and Hurashi a village, both being of the dependencies of Sirāf, and lying in the very hot region. fn. 1 Spelt Hushi for the second time, and Khurashi in the Paris MS. It is not mentioned by the Arab geographers. Najiram, according to Istakhri (p. 34), Iny to the north of Sirif. Neither names now occur on the map, but Najiram is probably identical with the present harbour of Bandar Dayyur in the Dashti District (FNN. 217). » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ p. 330 ※ SOURCE for Daiyir « The crossing was safely effected by dusk, and Daiyir, S miles farther on, was reached in the dark. There was good reason to feel grateful for the timely passage of the river, for in the course of the night rain-for two seasons longed for in vain descended in torrents, flooding part of the ground near the fort of Daiyir where our tents had been pitched in the dark. ... No time could be spared for a visit to some ruined walls reported on a low sandstone ridge some distance to the north of Daiyir. The specimens of glazed pottery brought thence (see Daiyir. 6, 8; PI. XXVII ) showed distinct similarity to ware found at Siraf, and the description of the ruined walls as being built with mortar also pointed to occupation in Muhammadan times. The day's short march took us first past a series of curious mesas, » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 232-3 ※ SOURCE for Dayah « Dayah » in {map#1113 Plate XV, Karl Müller, 1882, #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882 ~} ※ SOURCE for Dayer « Dayer a 2.000 habitants dont 150 Juifs et 200 Arabes. Cultivateurs, commerçants, marins, pêcheurs de poissons. Exporte céréales, dattes, bois de chauffage, charbon de bois et animaux. [Dayer has 2,000 inhabitants, 150 Jews and 200 Arabs. Farmers, traders, sailors, fishermen. Exports cereals, dates, firewood, charcoal and animals.] » #3329 R. Vadala, Le Golfe Persique, Librairie Arthur Rousseau, 1920 ~ p. 86 ※ SOURCE for Dayyir « 8. According to the distance Najiram lay on the coast south of the Mand estuary, near the present-day Dayyir (Ist., 135: twelve farsakhs from Siraf Tomaschek, Nearch, p. 58; however, the indication of our § 6, 29. supported by the Fars-nama, p. 141, is in favour of Le Strange, who on his Map vi, places Najiram north of the Mänd river. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 377 « A part de nombreux dattiers, Dayyir possède bien d'autres arbres, des tamaris, des figuiers et des «lirk», grand arbre qui m'a rappelé les banians de l'Inde.Aux dires de mon informateur, les Portugais ou les Hollandais, il ne sait pas au juste lesquels, avaient autrefois ici une factorerie dont les bâtiments existent encore; mais la grande curiosité de Dayyir, c'est la forteresse qui se trouve sur le bord de la mer à l'extrémité est de la ville. A l'ouest, donjon solide octogonal surmonté de quatre étages, tous dissemblables, datant apparemment d'époques différentes. Tout en haut, le toit effondré laisse voir une grande et belle salle à voûtes ogivales. A l'est, énorme tour, à base pourvue de cannelures longitu- dinales, surplombée d'une espèce de calotte arrondie de proportions colossales. [Apart from numerous date palms, Dayyir has many other trees, tamarisks, fig trees and "lirk", a large tree which reminded me of the banyans of India.According to my informant, the Portuguese or the Dutch, he does not know exactly which, once had a factory here whose buildings still exist; but the great curiosity of Dayyir is the fortress which is located on the seaside at the eastern end of the city. To the west, a solid octagonal keep surmounted by four floors, all dissimilar, apparently dating from different periods. At the very top, the collapsed roof reveals a large and beautiful room with ogival vaults. To the east, an enormous tower, with a base provided with longitudinal fluting, topped by a kind of rounded cap of colossal proportions.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ pp. 69-70 ※ SOURCE for Dehir « Dehir » in {map#1111 Persian Gulf, Atlas von Asia map 12, Heinrich Berghaus, 1832-56, British Library Maps 51010.(2.)} « Dehir » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Deir « Deir County, which is the fourth largest city in Bushehr province, is located 200 kilometers south of Bushehr port. Deir is located at 51 degrees and 56 minutes east longitude and 27 degrees and 50 minutes north latitude. This city is bordered by Dashti and Tungstan cities from the north, Kangan and Jam cities from the east, Persian Gulf from the west and south. Deir city is mostly located in the plains of Sahel. ... The ancient port of Bataneh is located about 7 kilometers west of Deir port. This port was identified for the first time by Dr. Sarfaraz and Nasrullah Ebrahimi in 2014 (6). Due to its size and location, Bataneh is one of the most important ancient ports of Bushehr province. This port was investigated in 1388 during an archaeological survey under the supervision of Mr. Hossein Tawfiqian, in which the author was also present. » #3161 Dr. Mohammad Ismail Ismaili Jolodar, A proposal to determine the location of the ancient port of Najiram based on the written texts of Sadr Islam and archaeological studies, 2013, in rasekhoon.net/article/show/1012597/%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%85-%DA%A9%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA [accessed:09 Jan 2024] p. 1 ※ SOURCE for Deyer « Deyer » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} « just round the end of the low sandstone range, is Deyer. This is a village of about 100 stone houses and a number of huts. It has a large fort with four towers, two right-angled, one six and the other ten sided. The whole has rather an Oriental appearance. It is governed by a wife of Hyder Khan. The lady is called Fatu; but she has adopted the name of her son Jamil Khan, of Boordakhoon, and uses his seal. She writes, and it is said makes a very good governor, having no objection to show herself to her own people, though she hides her face from strangers. Grain is the chief export of this place, and it is almost all carried in from the surrounding country on camels belonging to Jamil Khan, of Kakee, who has about 1500. This year 200 horses were brought from Shiraz by Khormuj, and embarked here for Bombay, as there is no custom-house. The prosperity of Deyer dates from the destruction of Congoon seven years ago. Berdistan Creek is its harbour. Berdistan village has about fifty stone houses, with a fort built nine years ago by Hyder Khan, on the ruins of a former village, which was destroyed by Sheik Hassan of Gabendie. » #1195 Colvill, W.H., Land Journey along the Shores of the Persian Gulf, from Bushire to Lingah, The Geographical Journal, London, 1866-1867, 11:1:36-8 ~ p. 37 Dalaki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059083 coordinate: lat 29.4294 long 51.2931 NIMA/GNS names: Dalaki , Daliki , دالكی , VARIANT names: Dalaki , Daliki , Dalki , Dalky , Daulaky , ※ SOURCE for Dalaki « On the thirtieth of March, soon after three o'clock we set out from Burazjún, and by a bad and stony path, arrived at the village of Dálaki or Dálki. » #2876 William Ouseley, Travels in Various Countries of the East, More Particularly Persia Vol. 1, Rodwell and Martin, London, 1819, ~ vol. 1 pp. 257-8 « Nous nous arrêtâmes au village de Dalaki, où tout le cara- vansérail était rempli. Il y a tout autour de grandes plantations de palmiers. [We stopped at the village of Dalaki, where the entire caravanserai was filled. There are large palm plantations all around.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 509 ※ SOURCE for Daliki « Indeed, when, as the sun just passed the zenith, we rode into the date-groves of Daliki, the pace had risen to what might almost be called a canter. The little green oasis is set close at the foot of the outlying buttresses of the great mountain wall. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 52 ※ SOURCE for Dalki « On the thirtieth of March, soon after three o'clock we set out from Burazjún, and by a bad and stony path, arrived at the village of Dálaki or Dálki. » #2876 William Ouseley, Travels in Various Countries of the East, More Particularly Persia Vol. 1, Rodwell and Martin, London, 1819, ~ vol. 1 pp. 257-8 ※ SOURCE for Dalky « Dalky [name of place] | 12 [miles] | Road very stony, over uneven ground: the moun- tains on the right running parallel to the road, about six or seven furlongs distant. Dally is situated at the foot of the mountains. [remarks] » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ Appendix p. 363 ※ SOURCE for Daulaky « Daulaky » in {map#1161 Route of H.M. Mission through Persia on 1809, , , #3070 James Justinian Morier, A Journey Through Persia, Armenia, and Asia Minor, to Constantinople, in the Years 1808 and 1809, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 1812 ~} Dalaki r. : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.391945 long 51.599678 VARIANT names: Dalaki r. , ※ SOURCE for Dalaki r. « Dalaki r. » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, Kazerun H-39P, , The University of Chicago} Dalijan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060975 coordinate: lat 33.9905 long 50.6838 NIMA/GNS names: Dalijan , Delijan , Dilijan , دليجان , VARIANT names: Dalijan , ※ SOURCE for Dalijan « Am 25. Sept. 1964 (2) entdeckte ich bei einem Besuch des Dorfes Nimvar, 15 km hinter Dalidjän an der Straße, die über Gulpäigån nach Isfahan führt, einen großen Pfeiler. fn. 2 Ein weiteres Mal besuchte ich Nimvar am 13.5.1968. [On 25 September 1964 (2), while visiting the village of Nimvar, 15 km behind Dalidjän on the road leading to Isfahan via Gulpäigån, I discovered a large pillar. fn. 2 I visited Nimvar again on 13 May 1968.] » #3435 Klaus Schippmann, Hinweise und Anmerkungen zu einigen sasanidischen Monumenten, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 vol. 7:pp. 157-162 ~ p. 157 Dalkhak : arch. site IRN (fort) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 32.03121688 long 63.92204505 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dalkhak , ※ SOURCE for Dalkhak « 2040. DALKHAK Original: Lat. 32º 020 N, long. 63º 550 E. Map 73. Revised: 32.03121688 N, 63.92204505 E / 32º 010 52.38077520 N, 63º 550 19.36218000 E approx. Helmand Province. 77 km from Girishk on the old route to Dilārām. Description: A ruined fort. Source: Maitland et al. 1889: 84—mention. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 420 Dalkhak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3372322 coordinate: lat 32.0166667 long 63.9166667 NIMA/GNS names: Chashmeh-e-Dalkhak , Chashmeh-ye Talkhak , Cheshmeh-ye Talkhak , Dalkhak , Dalkhak Spring , Talkhak Cina , VARIANT names: Dalhak , Dalkhak , Dulhuk , ※ SOURCE for Dalhak « 10. Dalhak (8 miles-13 miles 4 furlongs). A ruined fort; water rather scarce, but might be increased with care from a spring; forage and grass scarce. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 ※ SOURCE for Dulhuk « Dulhuk » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 29 Turkmenistan 1916} Dalma : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -782763 coordinate: lat 24.51099 long 52.308934 NIMA/GNS names: Dalma , Dalmah Island , Jazirat Dalmah , VARIANT names: Dalma , Dalmy , Delmephialmas , Jez Dalmah , ※ SOURCE for Dalma « The insular possessions of the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi are the islands of Arzanah, Daiyinah, Dalmah, Das, Qarnain, Salali, Yas and Zirko » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 406 « Dalma is the best known of these, an island in the heart of the pearl banks which had a small permanent population, which was boosted during the pearling season, when it became an important centre. » #2817 Robert Carter, The History and Prehistory of Pearling in the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 2005 vol. 48:no. 2:pp. 139-209 ~ p. 142 « It is in these shallow waters that some of the best pearl banks in the Gulf are found, and the salt plug islands such as Dalma, which has fresh water all the year round, Sir Bani Yās, Zirkü, Dās and Halūl form natural anchorages for the pearling fleets in summer and fishing boats in winter. » #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, The Geographical Journal, London, 1964 130:3:337-49 ~ p. 337 « Dalma is the best known of these, an island in the heart of the pearl banks which had a small permanent population, which was boosted during the pearling season, when it became an important centre. The Hawar Islands, located 14 miles to the south east of Bahrain, may have been visited seasonally, » #2817 Robert Carter, The History and Prehistory of Pearling in the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 2005 vol. 48:no. 2:pp. 139-209 ~ p. 143 ※ SOURCE for Dalmy « Dalmy » in {map#1096 Persia with a part of Cabul and the adjacent countries, Arrowsmith, Aaron Jr., 1828, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 0035.027} « Dalmy I. » in {map#910 Map of Arabia, Published by J. Walker, Geographer to the Honble East India Company, 1849, British Library, IOR/X/3206} ※ SOURCE for Delmephialmas « Given the existence of so many wells there, it is hardly surprising that Balbi’s informant should have stressed the importance of Dalmaˆ for its water supplies, using words like Dalmaˆ, fiˆ maˆ’ or Dalmaˆ, fiˆ-haˆ maˆ’ or some such Arabic phrase, masked by Balbi in transliteration as Delmephialmas. » #2589 Geoffrey King, Delmephialmas and Sircorcor: Gasparo Balbi, Dalmâ , Julfâr and a problem of transliteration, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2006 pt. 17:pp. 248–252 ~ p. 250 ※ SOURCE for Jez Dalmah « Jez Dalmah » in {map#1033 Asia. Persian Gulf [173r], Guy, Brucks, Constable, Stiffe, 1933, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3924, f 173, in Qatar Digital Library} dam at KM076 : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.623563 long 53.090088 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: dam at KM076 , ※ SOURCE for dam at KM076 « Ich folgte aber nicht der Südwest-Seite des Tales, sondern seiner kaum besiedelten Nordost-Seite, nicht ohne vorher von Hišti aus einen großen Damm in der Mitte des Tales bei KM 076 besucht zu haben. [However, I did not follow the southwest side of the valley, but its sparsely populated northeast side, not without first visiting a large dam in the middle of the valley at KM 076 from Hišti.] » #3262 Gaube, Heinz, Im Hinterland von Siraf. Das Tal von Galledar/Fal und seine Nachbargebiete : (Tafeln 30-37)., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1980 vol. 13:pp. 149-166 ~ p. 153 Daman Mansur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194297 coordinate: lat 27.75 long 52.8 NIMA/GNS names: Daman Mansur , Daminmansur , دامن منصور , VARIANT names: Daman Mansur , Demimansur , ※ SOURCE for Demimansur « ascents and descents. At 5 miles, looking southward down the pass, a portion of the valley and the The pass, called "Zargozadun," down the northern side of the range, for a short distance winds round the brink of a deep crevasse or chasm, which splits this slope of the range almost from top to bottom. The path is both narrow and steep, at times just leaving sufficient room for loaded mules to pass. At 6 miles 5 furlongs (1 hour 38 minutes occupied in the descent) we reach the foot of the pass, called "Demimansur," a green grassy spot dotted with a few kanar and other bush, ground undulating, with low hills round about. The pass over the range Zalemi is practicable for infantry and mule batteries, but not so for wheel transport or field artillery. This pass might be turned by marching round the S. E. extremity of the range Zalemi, which route, I believe, presents no difficulties. The range on either side of the pass is rocky and precipitous, and would be difficult for infantry to cross, at least for any considerable hody. The road, after leaving Demimansur, trends E. N. E., fairly easy going, at 24 miles per hour, with a slight downward slope, between the low foot hills of the range Zalemi. At 8 miles 1 furlong the road crosses a small rivulet, water brackish, flow to N. W., and, 5 furlongs in advance, enters a winding cañon, varying from 12 to 20 feet wide, with perpendicular sides of gravel studded with huge water-worn stones. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 17 Damaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059139 coordinate: lat 33.016157 long 50.488619 NIMA/GNS names: Dam Ni , Damaneh , Damneh , Dunbeni , دامنه , VARIANT names: Damaneh , Damavand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059147 coordinate: lat 35.718418 long 52.069575 NIMA/GNS names: Damavand , Demavend , Qasabeh-e Damavand , دماوند , قصبه دماوند , VARIANT names: Damavand , Demoan , ※ SOURCE for Demoan « In this towne of Demoan [Damāvand], lying in Parthia in the hight of degrees haue we rested the 11 and 12 daye of June, » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 55 Dam-e-Gaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061471 coordinate: lat 27.8394 long 51.6841 NIMA/GNS names: Dam-e-Gaz , Damigaz-e Shomali , Dam-i-Gazi , Dom Gazi , Domey Gaz , Domi Gaz , دم گزی , دميگَز شمالی , دمی گز , VARIANT names: Dam-e-Gaz , Domahgaz , ※ SOURCE for Domahgaz « Domahgaz (Daméh-Gaz selon «Le Fars») se trouve à quelque cen- taines de mètres du bord de la mer. Le village est petit et ne semble avoir qu'une douzaine de maisons recouvertes de nattes, mais ses plantations de dattiers sont importantes et il est le siège d'un souschet (moudir) de douane maritime. Il y a au village deux ou trois puits, à l'eau faiblement saumâtre. On me dit qu'ici je dois loger, non pas au poste, mais chez le mondir. Il paraît que c'est la coutume pour les fonctionnaires du gouvernement d'offrir une hospitalité illimitée aux voyageurs étrangers. [Domahgaz (Daméh-Gaz according to "Le Fars") is located some hundred meters from the seaside. The village is small and seems to have only a dozen houses covered with mats, but its date plantations are large and it is the seat of a maritime customs souchet (moudir). There are two or three wells in the village, with slightly brackish water. I am told that here I must lodge, not at the post, but at the mondir's. It seems that it is the custom for government officials to offer unlimited hospitality to foreign travelers.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ pp. 65-6 Damghan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059167 coordinate: lat 36.167905 long 54.342924 NIMA/GNS names: Damghan , دامغان , VARIANT names: Damghan , Damidan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059170 coordinate: lat 27.9847 long 52.3651 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh-e Damidan , Bagh-i-Damidan , Damidan , Damidan , Demidan , باغ دميدان , دميدان , دميدن , VARIANT names: Damidan , ※ SOURCE for Damidan « Semangiz is the westernmost village in the long narrow Dar al-Mizan valley. About 500 m east of the village is a large cistern, 40 m², made of sarūj and rubble. From here to the village of Damidan (about two kilometres) is a concentration of building foundations along the river bank. Another kilometre to the east is Berku, where it is said that an ancient caravan route connects with Gori, passing a cistern called Abanbar Safid ("white cistern"). » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 92 Damin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 225557 coordinate: lat 27.3775 long 60.739722 NIMA/GNS names: Damin , دامين , VARIANT names: Damin , Damkan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3758710 coordinate: lat 28.4698 long 55.3308 NIMA/GNS names: Damkan , دم کن , VARIANT names: Damkan , Damkut : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3185957 coordinate: lat 16.571139 long 52.836611 NIMA/GNS names: Damghut , Damkut , Damqat , Damqawt , Damqut , دمقوت , VARIANT names: Damkôt , Damkut , Damqūt , Neogeialla navale , Neogilla , ※ SOURCE for Damkôt « Der Stadiasmus, von Syagros angefangen, ist fast genau richtig: von Syagros quer durch die Bucht Omana 600 Stadien. Das bringt uns bis Damkôt (Neogilla navale); dann hohen Felsen entlang, deren Höhlen bewohnt werden, 500 Stadien. » #1332 Sprenger, A., Die alte Geographie Arabiens, Commissionsverlag Von Huber als Comp; Meridian Publising Co., Bern; Amsterdam, 1875;1966 ~ p. 92 ※ SOURCE for Damkut « We now come to Damkot. the principal sea.port, indeed the only one, in the bay of El Kamar. This is the eastern limit of the coastline of the Mahrah. Between Damkot and Ras Tbarbat AIi the ground is said to be neutral and inhabited both by Karah and Mahrah. Damkot (in lat. 16º 34." N. and long. 52º 52' E.) is situated on an irregular sandy plain about a mile square, and bounded on all sides except towards the sea by almost inaccessible mountains. » #2662 Henry John CARTER, Art. VI. A Geographical Description of Certain Parts of the Southeast Coast of Arabia, to which is appended a short essay on the comparative geography of the whole of this coast., Reprinted from the Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1851 ~ p. 45 ※ SOURCE for Damqūt « DAMQUT- The only seaport in Qamar Bay, in Southern Arabia. It is situated in a valley at the western extreme of Jabal Qamar on an irregular plain about a mile square, and bounded on all sides, except the sea, by almost inaccessible mountains. On the western side of the plain is a salt-water khor, with a few date trees round it, and on a cliff immediately over the town, stands a ruined fort. The town consists of about 90 mud houses, with a population of about 400 souls, and there is a large burial ground there. There is a small export trade carried on in ghi, hides, and gums, and the inhabitants possess many small boats which are chiefly used for shark fishing during the fine season. A reef of rocks, on which the sea breaks, extends 11 cables from the shore; on the eastern side of this reef there is a good landing when the south-westerly swell is not too heavy, though at the same time the western side may be almost unapproachable. Damqut is the eastern limit of the coast-line of the Mahra tribe.-(Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Pilot, 1909.) » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917 ~ vol. 1 pp. 476-7 ※ SOURCE for Neogeialla navale Moving still eastward, the Neogeialla navale of Ptolemy answers well in relative position, though with great corruption of the Arabic name, to Ainad, a town about fifty miles E.N.E. of Hasec. It is obvious to remark, that the rare occurrence of eithcr port or town along this coast much heightens the probability of this identification. His next point, Hormanus Fl., therecan be no question, is the same with Harmin; although no river is marked in our modern maps, as falling into the sea at or near that sea-port. Abissa finds its name and site accurately represented by Abisagi; a town at the eastern extremity of the Gulf of Bassa, between Harmin and Ras-al-Hhad. Inland, north of Abissa and its Gulf, the Didymi Montes of Ptolemy obviously correspond with the Palheiros mountains lying north of the Gulf of Bassas. This region is the Libanotophoros, or region of frankincense. Ptolemy's Bosara, lastly, tallies so closely in name with Masora, the last sea-port west of Rasal- Hhad, that the apparent difference of site may fairly be accounted for, by the wrong drawing of the coast; which, as represented in his map, is, here, again most confusedly contracted; but without the recurrence of another Magnum Littus, and Parvum Littus, to unfold it into its just proportions. We have now traversed the base of the Arabian peninsula, from its south-western to its southeastern extremity; where, beginning from the Corodanum Promontorium of Ptolemy, or Ras-al- Hhad, commences its eastern side, running, in a north-western direction, along the coast of Oman, and the Persian Gulf. #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ Vol.2 p. 181-3 « Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 16.730687, 52.785062 » D.T. Potts, DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Neogilla: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2019 online reference link [accessed 10 Mar 2023] ※ SOURCE for Neogilla « D2 | Neogilla § Neogeiala | R | Damkot? OMN | Sprenger 1875.126 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ Directory MAP 4 ARABIA-AZANIA p. 48 « Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 16.730687, 52.785062 » D.T. Potts, DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Neogilla: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2019 at online reference link [accessed 10 Mar 2023] Dangz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059212 coordinate: lat 27.822041 long 54.23688 NIMA/GNS names: Dang , Dangez , Dangz , دنگز , VARIANT names: Dangz , Dar al- Mizan : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 27.892399 long 52.532728 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dar al- Mizan , ※ SOURCE for Dar al- Mizan « Dar al- Mizan » in {map#1219 in #3109 ed. St John Simpson, Sasanian Archaeology: Settlements, Environment and Material Culture, Archaeopress Archaeology, Oxford, 2022 ~ fig. Figure 4. Satellite map of the Siraf hinterlands with the map of identified sites (after Whitcomb 2009: 78)} Dar Dar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059386 coordinate: lat 28.8718 long 57.8756 NIMA/GNS names: Dar Dar , Dardesk , Dardez , Dar-e Dashk , Dar-e Desk , در دشک , VARIANT names: Dar Dar , Derdiske , ※ SOURCE for Derdiske « and on Jarmary 2nd we had a glorious day mounting up another 2000 feet or more to Derdiskè a regular perch on the mountain side. The riding was easier and the path the sometimes pretty steep was in the main straightforward and free from stones. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 19 Dar ol Mizan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059548 coordinate: lat 27.9411 long 52.485 NIMA/GNS names: Dar al Mizan , Dar el Mizan , Dar ol Mizan , Dara Yamizan , DarolMizan , Dehgah , دار المیزان , VARIANT names: Dadelmezan , Dar ol Mizan , Dar ul Mizan , Dehgah , ※ SOURCE for Dadelmezan « NOTE.-From Gillahdar the following roads branch off:-(1) To the sea-port Tahiri, general direction W. N., distance 17 miles.(2) To the sea-port Lingah.(3) To the Arad valley, via the Gillahdar valley and the pass called Tang-i- Khur.(4) To Dadelmezan (a village of the same size as Riz), distance 32 miles. A route known as Rah-i-Malushtur. The opening in the hills, between Kuh Faaleh and Kuh Kalamdan, by which this road passes, bears slightly north of N. W. ¾ N.(5) To Dadelmezan. An alternative route via Kuh Faaleh. Bearing of the point where this road enters the hills N. N. W. ½ W. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 94 ※ SOURCE for Dar ol Mizan « Dar ol Mizan » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} « Dar ol Mizan » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} ※ SOURCE for Dehgah « Dar-ul-Mizan, reached at 17 miles and 18 miles, respectively, by alternative tracks. Dar-ul-Mizan whose old name is Dehgah has an ancient fort. Tracks diverge to Kürdeh and Garmusht each direct, also to Alā Murvdasht and Galehdär E. and Duzdgah W. »#3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 162 Darūnak : arch. site IRN UTM: 591707 E, 3247282 N converted to coordinate: lat 29.3513335221676 long 51.9447410530012 VARIANT names: Darūnak , ※ SOURCE for Darūnak « Darūnak » in {map#1174 Figure 1. Distribution of the tal-e khandaghs studied (Encarta 2009)., , , #3086 Parsa Ghasemi, Tal-e Khandagh (“Moated Mound”): A Military Structure in Ancient Fars, Near Eastern Archaeology, 2012 vol. 75:no. 4:pp. 240-251 ~} «The Tal-e Khandagh at Darūnak » #3086 Parsa Ghasemi, Tal-e Khandagh (“Moated Mound”): A Military Structure in Ancient Fars, Near Eastern Archaeology, 2012 vol. 75:no. 4:pp. 240-251 ~ p.240 Dara Bagh chahar taq : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.372595 long 56.236504 VARIANT names: Dara Bagh chahar taq , ※ SOURCE for Dara Bagh chahar taq « 3. Le Chahar Taq de Dara Bagh.Sur le versant est de la montagne Muradabad qui regarde la vaste plaine de Dasht-i Urzu, se détache le Chahar Taq appelé Därä Bagh, du nom du village situé à 1 km. environ au nord-ouest (pl. XXXVII). Non loin de cette construction coule la rivière nommée Rudkhanah Gabr. Ce temple du feu, de plan carré, mesure 9 m. de côté, à l'extérieur, et 5,30 m. à l'intérieur. [3. The Chahar Taq of Dara Bagh.On the eastern slope of the Muradabad mountain which looks out over the vast plain of Dasht-i Urzu, stands out the Chahar Taq called Därä Bagh, from the name of the village located about 1 km. to the northwest (pl. XXXVII). Not far from this construction flows the river named Rudkhanah Gabr. This fire temple, with a square plan, measures 9 m. on each side, on the outside, and 5.30 m. on the inside.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 194 Dara Kan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059272 coordinate: lat 28.838767 long 54.183482 NIMA/GNS names: Dara Kan , Dara Kuyeh , Daraku , Darakubeh , Darkuyeh , Deh Kooyeh , دارا کان , دارا کویه , دارکویه , VARIANT names: Dara Kan , Dara- Kou , Darakan , Darakuyeh , ※ SOURCE for Dara Kan « This route passed Tarom, Forgh, Rustak, Darab, Darakan, Fasa, Sarvestan and then Shiraz, and from there onwards to Isfahan. This was the normal trade route prior the reign of Shah `Abbas I (1587-1629) . » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 252 and #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 67 ※ SOURCE for Dara- Kou « Depuis Chiraz , nous avions observé que nous ne faisions que monter . Parvenus sur une élévation , nous découvrons à peu de distance Dara- Kou , que nous joignons à quatre heures du soir . Ce hameau , composé d'une vingtaine de mâsures , est entouré de murs . Il n'y a qu'un seul dattier , et il ne porte pas de fruits. [From Shiraz, we observed that we were only going up. Arriving on an elevation, we discovered Dara-Kou a short distance away, which we reached at four o'clock in the evening. This hamlet, made up of around twenty buildings, is surrounded by walls. There is only one date tree, and it bears no fruit.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 348 ※ SOURCE for Darakan « Dārakān VI D4 Dārāküyeh, au NO de Darab Etape sur la route de Širaz à Darābagird I 108, 132, H 262, 268, 285 Schw 104, 193 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ ※ SOURCE for Darakuyeh « 2-5 P.M. arrived at the village of Darakuyeh. Distance 13 miles. The village is but a small one and somewhat dilapidated. It contains 100 houses, 300 people, 8 span of oxen, 400 sheep, 50 donkeys. Mályát 1,500 krans; 1,500 mans of wheat and barley sown yearly. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 7 Dara Kul ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.93433 long 49.115687 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dara Kul ? , ※ SOURCE for Dara Kul ? « Turning abruptly down a narrow cleft we came to a spot where the broken mountain overhangs a secluded recess; here is the village of Dara Kul, 221 miles. It is a small village built of mud and long reeds, with a rock stronghold, a shrine, and a little graveyard. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 547 Darab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059243 coordinate: lat 28.751706 long 54.540646 NIMA/GNS names: Darab , Darab-e Do , داراب , داراب ? , VARIANT names: Darab , Darabegird , Darabghierd , Darabgird , Darap , ※ SOURCE for Darab « This route passed Tarom, Forgh, Rustak, Darab, Darakan, Fasa, Sarvestan and then Shiraz, and from there onwards to Isfahan. This was the normal trade route prior the reign of Shah `Abbas I (1587-1629) . » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 252 and #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 67 « Darab » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} « Après avoir eu long-temps , à quelque distance de nous , un nombre infini de ruines , parmi lesquelles est une colonne en briques , qui paraît avoir été un minaret , nous marchons entre des terres ensemencées pour arriver à Darâb . Cette ville , bâtie dans une vallée , est bornée au S. par deux collines que sépare un vallon [After having had for a long time, at some distance from us, an infinite number of ruins, among which is a brick column, which seems to have been a minaret, we walk between sown lands to arrive at Darâb. This town, built in a valley, is bounded to the S. by two hills separated by a valley.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 354 ※ SOURCE for Darabegird « Darābegird-Siraf. Darābegird 1 Tag Hasū » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 201 ※ SOURCE for Darabghierd « Tra le altre ville che si passarono, si lascio anche addietro di lontano la città di Darabghierd, che ritiene infin oggi il nome di Dario, da costoro detto Darab, da cui è fama che fosse fabbricata. [Among the other villas that passed by, the city of Darabghierd was also left far behind, which to this day retains the name of Darius, called by them Darab, by whom it is said that it was built.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 278 ※ SOURCE for Darabgird « In the central and comparatively well-watered portion of the Darab district circular ramparts, still imposing in their decay and adjoined by a great fosse, guard the site of Darabgird, measuring fully a mile in diameter. Surface remains within clearly proved occupation extending from late pre-Muhammadan to mediaeval times. The view from a rocky hill in the centre indicated »#886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.), 86:6:489-97 ~ p. 495 « Darabagird VI D4 Ruines à 5 km au Sud de Darab Iran Capitale (gasaba) de la circonscription du même nom 1 97, 107, 123, 127, 128, 134, 136, Η 262, 264, 272, 278, 300, Hur 46, 47, 52, 53, Qud 242, F 196, 198, 203, 204, 208, R 106, Muq 52, 420, 422, 428, 442, 443, 447, 448, 452, 454 Yaq II, 560-61, LS 289, DKI 150, EI II 139 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 48 « In Fars, a series of large, royal cities at Firuzabad, Bishapur, and Darabgird provide most of our archaeological evidence for settlement patterns in the heart of the empire. »#2357 Editor(s):D. T. Potts, A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2012, ~ p. 1079 « The town of Daráb, or rather Darábgird, as it should be written, is not so well built as Fassa: the houses are mostly built of mud and stones; very few of kiln-burnt bricks were to be seen. The main street is long and straggling, and there is not a proper bazar; but owing to the gardens, which are numerous and apparently thriv-ing, it appears to cover a lot of ground. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 9 ※ SOURCE for Darap « 20 mai. Nous partimes de grand matin, et arrivâmes à Darap vers midi.Darap est dans une belle situation; les eaux y sont abondantes; la plaine et les montagnes couvertes de végétation. Le Palmier y croît encore, mais n'y forme plus d'épaisses forêts; la chaleur n'étant plus trop ardente, il ne faut pas, comme dans les pays très-chauds, chercher à leur procurer de la fraîcheur par des irrigations [May 20. We left early in the morning, and arrived at Darap around noon.Darap is in a good situation; the waters are abundant there; the plain and the mountains covered with vegetation. The palm tree still grows there, but no longer forms thick forests; the heat no longer being too intense, we must not, as in very hot countries, try to provide them with coolness by irrigation. ] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 598 Darb Bagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059392 coordinate: lat 28.372028 long 56.24368 NIMA/GNS names: Dara Bagh , Darb Bagh , Darbagh , Dar-e Bagh , Darreh Bagh , درباغ , VARIANT names: Darb Bagh , Darenjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059415 coordinate: lat 29.4088 long 52.336 NIMA/GNS names: Darengan , Darengun , Darenjan , Darenjan-e Siakh , Darinjan , دارنجان , دارنگون , VARIANT names: Darenjan , ※ SOURCE for Darenjan 3088 Darestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059430 coordinate: lat 29.2377 long 55.842 NIMA/GNS names: Behrastan , Darestan , دارستان , VARIANT names: Darestan , ※ SOURCE for Darestan « At the 21st mile the village of Abbassabad lay three quarters of a mile to our left, and at the 23rd that of Salabad 1 mile on the same side, half a mile N. of which is a white isolated rock rising from the plain. At the 24th mile the small village Darestan occurred, and at the 26th that of Malekabad, where we alighted. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 63 Darian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059473 coordinate: lat 29.5627 long 52.9306 NIMA/GNS names: Darian , Dariun , Darlyan , Darlyan , داریون , VARIANT names: Darian , Darien , ※ SOURCE for Darien « We reached Darien, a good village, at the 27th mile, reckoned at 7 fursacks. Here the houses are as usual mud-built, but covered in with reeds, which are plastered over with earth. The people have imagined hearths, but have omitted chimneys to their abodes. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 77 Darin : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3094365 coordinate: lat 26.5469444 long 50.0769444 NIMA/GNS names: Darain , Darin , VARIANT names: Darin , ※ SOURCE for Darin « In A.D. 676, George, Catholicos and Patriarch of the East, attended a synod at Dārin on the island of Tārūt in Saudi Arabia. Those attending this synod included Thomas, metropolitan bishop of Bet Qatraye, Iso‘ yahb bishop of Dārin, Sergius, bishop of Trihan, Stephanus, bishop of the Mazūniye; Pousai, bishop of Hagar (Hajar; al-Hasā’, inland in Saudi Arabia) and Sahin, bishop of Haffa or Khatt (al-Qafif, Saudi Arabia). The identity of Trihan is unclear. While these clerics met at the church at Diirin, they had previously made visits to the islands and other places.» #1262 King, G. R. D., A Nestorian Monastic Settlement on the Island of Sir Bani Yas, Abu Dhabi: A Preliminary Report, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, 1997, 60:2:221-35 ~ p. 234 Dariz : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -785824 coordinate: lat 23.317838 long 56.615007 NIMA/GNS names: Ad Dariz , Ad Diriz , Dariz , الدريز , VARIANT names: Dariz , Darngo - Hamza Nowrozi Pasture : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.591341 long 52.699304 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Darngo - Hamza Nowrozi Pasture , ※ SOURCE for Darngo - Hamza Nowrozi Pasture see google maps Darreh Deraz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3793813 coordinate: lat 33.432554 long 47.918132 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh Deraz , Dorugh Zan Ab , دره دراز , دروغ زن آب , VARIANT names: Darreh Deraz , Darreh Dun : stream grp 5 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3760483 coordinate: lat 29.4368 long 50.7778 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh Dun , دره دون , VARIANT names: Darreh Dun , Darreh Gijak : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3064320 coordinate: lat 30.083333 long 51.783333 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh Gijak , VARIANT names: Darreh Gijak , Darreh Ja : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3195055 coordinate: lat 32.267989 long 48.284806 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh Ja , Darreh Jaz , Darreh Jeh , Nahr-e Sabz Ab , Rudkhaneh-ye Sabzab , Sabz Ab , رودخانه سبز آب , VARIANT names: Darreh Ja , Darreh Shahr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.129167 long 47.367222 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dar-i-shahr , Darreh Shahr , Seymareh , ※ SOURCE for Dar-i-shahr « The site known now as Dar-i-shahr or Dara-shahr in Lūri pronunciation (the 'Valley of the Town') is situated at the wide mouth of a picturesque gorge descending from the Kabir-koh. It corresponds undoubtedly, as already recognized by Sir Henry Rawlinson, to the town of Saimara, well known to Arab geographers and historians. As the sketch plan (Plan 15) shows, there stretch for nearly a mile and a half from north to south along a lively little stream much decayed ruins of houses, some of fair size, and of quadrangles, obviously serais, all built with rough stones set in mortar (Fig. 66). The maximum width of the area occupied by these ruins is about one-third of a mile. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 206 ※ SOURCE for Darreh Shahr Darreh Shahr Ancient City online reference link [accessed 18 Jun 2025] ※ SOURCE for Seymareh Darreh Shahr Ancient City online reference link [accessed 18 Jun 2025] Darreh Shur : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3197001 coordinate: lat 31.65 long 50.5 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh Shur , Darreh-ye Shur , دره شور , درۀ شور , VARIANT names: Darreh Shur , Darreh Torsh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3193720 coordinate: lat 29.303821 long 57.410113 NIMA/GNS names: Bab Torsh , Bab-e Torsh , Darreh Laresh , Darreh Torsh , Darreh Tursh , باب ترش , VARIANT names: Darreh Torsh , Darreh Trash , Darreh Trosh , ※ SOURCE for Darreh Trash #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7, 45:648-60 ~ p. 655 Darreh Trash ※ SOURCE for Darreh Trosh « A low pass 7,800 is crossed, and, at 20 miles, the river bank is again reached at the hamlet of Tutch Gil. The passage is effected by a one-arched bridge, and Darreh Troska small village, is reached at 21 miles. It is situated on a tributary of the main stream. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 328 Darreh-ye Del Ebrahim : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 13926089 coordinate: lat 28.026471 long 53.312546 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Del Ebrahim , دره دل ابراهیم , VARIANT names: Darreh-ye Del Ebrahim , Darreh-ye Gap : stream grp 3 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3063466 coordinate: lat 29.534554 long 50.533118 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh Gap , Darreh-ye Gap , Rud-e Darreh Gap , Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Gap , رود دره گپ , رودخانه دره گپ , VARIANT names: Darreh-ye Gap , Khalele fl. , ※ SOURCE for Khalele fl. « Khalele fl. » in {map#1143 Tab XV Nearchi Navigatio ab Indo ad Euphratum, Karl Müller, 1855, #2730 Karl Müller, Geographi graeci minores tabulae, Editore Ambrosia Firmin Didot, Paris, 1855 ~} Darreh-ye Kenarak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 11797245 coordinate: lat 27.714276 long 52.348193 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Kenarak , دره کنارک , VARIANT names: Darreh-ye Kenarak , Darreh-ye Khankak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 11793402 coordinate: lat 27.834606 long 52.386737 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Khankak , دره خنکک , VARIANT names: Darreh-ye Khankak , Darreh-ye Khavreh : stream grp 8 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: -3059688 coordinate: lat 29.041428 long 51.089988 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh Khoreh , Darreh-ye Khavreh , Darreh-ye Khoreh , Darreh-ye Korreh , دَرِّۀ خَورِه , دره خره , دره کره , درۀ خره , VARIANT names: Darreh-ye Khavreh , Darreh-ye Konanow : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 11321498 coordinate: lat 27.117935 long 54.404077 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Konanow , دره کنانو , VARIANT names: Darreh-ye Konanow , Darreh-ye Lir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 11800345 coordinate: lat 27.670852 long 52.342074 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Lir , دره لیر , VARIANT names: Darreh-ye Lir , Tang-i Lir , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i Lir « Tang-i Lir » in {map#1128 Plan 17 Sketch Plan of Siraf (Tahiri), , , #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~} Darreh-ye Pas Kalat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 13917610 coordinate: lat 27.650504 long 53.306175 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Pas Kalat , دره پس کلات , VARIANT names: Darreh-ye Pas Kalat , Darreh-ye Qal`eh Gabri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 13899699 coordinate: lat 28.469417 long 53.551194 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Qal`eh Gabri , Tang-e Qal`eh Gabri , تنگ قلعه گبری , دره قلعه گبری , VARIANT names: Darreh-ye Qal`eh Gabri , Darreh-ye Tang Sar Khun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 10867839 coordinate: lat 31.752096 long 50.543495 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Tang Sar Khun , دره تنگ سر خون , VARIANT names: Darreh-ye Tang Sar Khun , Daruk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.20774 long 53.644379 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: position based on distance of 28 farskhs between Khunj and Huzu prorated over possible route of 241 km VARIANT names: Daruk , Daruk (Darzak, Ürak or Davrak) , Duruk , ※ SOURCE for Daruk « thence in 6 leagues by many steep passes to the village of Därük » #3133 trans. G. Le Strange, The Geographical Part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub¯ Composed by Hamd-Allāh Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 176 « 1 Ist. 116, 140. I. H. 188. Yak. ii. 711; iv. 333, 974 F. N. 74 6. Mst. 171, 173, 180. Kaz. ii. 161. The name of the island is spelt Kays, Kaysh, and Kish (with dotted k or undotted k).The stages on the road down from Lâghir to Huzu are given by Mustawfi (p. 200), but as no modern traveller has followed this route the names are not to be found on the map, and are most uncertain; the distances are in farsakhs (leagues). From Lâghir 6 to Faryab district, thence 6 to the city of Saj (Sah, Haj, Dah, with many other variants), thence 5 to Ab-Anbár-i-Kinár, thence 5 to Haram (Siram or Marmaz), thence 6 down many steep passes to the village of Darûk (Dârzak, Ürak or Dâvrak), thence 6 to Mâhân (Hâmân or Mâyân), and thence 6 by the pass of Lardak to Huzû on the sea-shore.' The district Mustawfi calls Faryab is evidently identical with Bârâb, half-way between Kâriyân and Kurân, as given by Mukaddasi (p. 454). The city of Saj is a puzzle, none being known in this region, but possibly we should read Jamm (Ist. 106). This route, unfortunately, is not reproduced in the Jahân Numa, nor is it given by any Arab geographer. The coast of the Bani-as-Saffär would appear to have been identical with the 'Umárah coast, to judge by what Istakhri (p. 141) and Yakût (iii. 217) write. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ pp. 257 and 8 footnote ※ SOURCE for Daruk (Darzak, Ürak or Davrak) « thence 6 down many steep passes to the village of Darûk (Dârzak, Ürak or Dâvrak), » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 257 ※ SOURCE for Duruk « thence in 6 farsakhs by many steep passes to the village of Dürük, » #3139 G. Le Strange, Description of Persia and Mesopotamia in the Year 1340 A.D. from the Nuzhat-al-Ḳulūb of Ḥamd-Allah Mustawfi, with a Summary of the Contents of That Work (Continued from p. 266,, The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1902 ~ p. 762 Darvish Shah Ali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: TMB UFI: 10423513 coordinate: lat 27.678359 long 54.447914 NIMA/GNS names: Darvish Shah `Ali , Maqbareh-ye Darvish , درویش شاه علی , مقبره درویش , VARIANT names: Darvish Shah Ali , ※ SOURCE for Darvish Shah Ali « Part of the travelogues and one of the few archeological findings about the village of Charkhab (Charkhab) is the ancient name of the city of Latifi today in Larestan, which itself expresses part of the longevity and historical signs of this land. Also, based on historical findings, the foundation stone of Latifi city was laid about three hundred years ago by hardworking people, those who have roots in the culture and long past of this country. At that time, the people who lived at a distance of ten kilometers from the old city of Lar in a shrine called "Darvish Aali" and belonged to the two tribes of "Hasan Charkhabi" and "Baqer Charkhabi" and were called Charkhabi, and these people lived through agriculture. and horticulture and they made a living by means of wells, aqueducts and draining wheels. » online reference link [accessed 07 Mar 2024] Darwaza Kazarun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.609325 long 52.532871 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bab-i Kazarun , Darwaza Kazarun , Darwaza Kazeran , Derwaza Kazeroon , Kazeroun gate , ※ SOURCE for Bab-i Kazarun « Bab-i Kazarun » in {map#1282 in #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ fig. map 1 Map of Medieval Shiraz based on textual sources} ※ SOURCE for Darwaza Kazarun « Darwaza Kazarun » in {map#1271 in #3003 John R. Perry, Karim Khan Zand A History of Iran, 1747-1779, University of Chicago Press, Chicago:London, 2015 ~ fig. Fig. 3 Shiraz under Karim Khan} ※ SOURCE for Darwaza Kazeran « Darwaza Kazeran » in {map#1273 in REPORTS ON MINOR OPERATONS IN SOUTH PERSIA UNDER Brigadier-General Sir P. M. Sykes, K.C.I.E, C.M.G., from May to July 1918. GENERAL STAFF INDIA' [?23r] (53/194), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/30, in Qatar Digital Library fig. Plan of Neighbourhood Shiraz 1918} ※ SOURCE for Derwaza Kazeroon « The city of Shirauz has fix gates, of which the following are the names: I ft, Derwaza Bag Shah; 2d, Derwaza Shah Meerza Hamza; 3d, Derwaza Sadi, fo called from its leading to the tomb of that celebrated poet ; 4th, Derwaza Cuffub Khana, adjoining to the flefh market; 5th, Derwaza Shadaje; 6th, Derwaza Kazeroon, » #3277 Francklin, William, Observations made on a tour from Bengal to Persia, in the years 1786-7; with a short account of the remains of the celebrated palace of Persepolis and other interesting events, Stuart and Cooper, Calcutta, 1788 ~ p. 22 ※ SOURCE for Kazeroun gate « According to Mostowfi, in 1340 Shiraz had nine gates. (11)... Kazeroun Gate: at the southwest corner of the city, in an area of the same name. fn. 11 Nozhat al-Golub p. 113. » #3194 John W. Limbert, Shiraz in the Age of Hafez The Glory of a Medieval Persian City, University of Washington Press, 2004 ~ p. 53 Darwaza pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.021689 long 63.86266 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Darwaza pass , ※ SOURCE for Darwaza pass « Darwaza pass » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Afghanistan:, , , David Rumsey Map Collection fig. Farah I-41 U 1942} Darwazeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.220313 long 54.219026 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: unable to verify. known as Khans castle VARIANT names: Ay Yovan , Darwazeh , ※ SOURCE for Ay Yovan « At 9? miles occurred the small fort of Ay Yovan, unoccupied, but surrounded by black tents. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 72 ※ SOURCE for Darwazeh « On the following morning we were guided to a little hillock close to the lake shore crowned by remains of coarse masonry marking a small fort and known as Darwāzeh, the 'Gate', not far from which was a shallow well of fresh water. The pot- sherds strewing the ground around did not indicate any great age. Just opposite was seen the salt-encrusted depression through which the waters of the Pulvar river at times of exceptional floods were said to flow into the Niriz lake basin » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq,1935 ~ p. 205 Daryacheh-i-Maharlu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LK UFI: -3073425 coordinate: lat 29.4491 long 52.8176 NIMA/GNS names: Daryacheh-i-Maharlu , Daryacheh-ye Maharlu , Daryacheh-ye Namak , Maharlu , Maharlu Lacke , Maharlu Lake , دریاچه مهارلو , VARIANT names: Daryacheh-i-Maharlu , Deriamemek , Namakistan , ※ SOURCE for Deriamemek « 27 mai. Nous voyageâmes environ toute la nuit dans une plaine à peu près déserte. Le matin, nous arrivâmes près du lac que les Persans nomment Deriamemek (mer salée), dont on tire le sel pour Chyraz. [May 27. We traveled almost all night across an almost deserted plain. In the morning, we arrived near the lake which the Persians call Deriamemek (salt sea), from which salt is obtained for Chyraz.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 602 ※ SOURCE for Namakistan « Near here is the Salt Lake [Namakistān] (1), where no fish or creature can exist for its saltness. fn. 1 Not marked on the map. » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ pp. 327-8 Daryacheh-ye Famur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LK UFI: -3062622 coordinate: lat 29.518501 long 51.796384 NIMA/GNS names: D. Famur , Daryacheh-i-Famur , Daryacheh-ye Famur , Daryacheh-ye Parishan , Parishan , Pir Shun , پریشان , پیر شون , دریاچه پریشان , VARIANT names: Daryacheh-ye Famur , Lake Muz , Lake of Famour , ※ SOURCE for Daryacheh-ye Famur 3088 ※ SOURCE for Lake Muz « The plain of Kazerun extends toward the southeast past Lake Famur (called Lake Muz, 1st. 121, 12), a large shallow lake well-supplied with fish and surrounded by pastureland. » #3094 Donald Whitcomb, Trade and Tradition In Medieval Southern Iran - Thesis, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 1979 ~ p. 77 ※ SOURCE for Lake of Famour « 325 to Robat ... ½ mile N. came in sight of Lake of Famiour » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 182 Daryacheh-ye Mangar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LK UFI: -3084660 coordinate: lat 31.885453 long 49.863499 NIMA/GNS names: Daryacheh-ye Mangar , Daryacheh-ye Shatt-e Mangar , Shatt-e Izeh , Shatt-e Menqar , Shatt-e Mongar , Shatt-i-Mangar , شط ایذه , شط منقار , VARIANT names: Daryacheh-ye Mangar , Darya-i- Farah : stream grp 37 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3375094 coordinate: lat 31.4483333 long 61.4727778 NIMA/GNS names: Darya-i- Farah , Darya-ye Farah Rud , Farah Rod , Farah Rud , Farah Rud River , Farrah Rud , VARIANT names: Darya-i- Farah , Darya-ye Helmand : stream grp 38 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10480678 coordinate: lat 30.811156 long 61.770219 NIMA/GNS names: Darya-ye Helmand , Helmand Rod , Helmand Rud , Rod-e Helmand , هلمند رود , VARIANT names: Darya-ye Helmand , Darzin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059929 coordinate: lat 29.180151 long 58.123123 NIMA/GNS names: Darzein , Darzin , Drazin , Mehdiabad-e Darzin , دارزين , VARIANT names: Darjin , Darzin , ※ SOURCE for Darjin #895 p. 313 Das : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -782778 coordinate: lat 25.15 long 52.883333 NIMA/GNS names: Das , Das , Das Island , Das Island Terminal , VARIANT names: Das , Dauss , ※ SOURCE for Das « The insular possessions of the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi are the islands of Arzanah, Daiyinah, Dalmah, Das, Qarnain, Salali, Yas and Zirko » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 406 « It is in these shallow waters that some of the best pearl banks in the Gulf are found, and the salt plug islands such as Dalma, which has fresh water all the year round, Sir Bani Yās, Zirkü, Dās and Halūl form natural anchorages for the pearling fleets in summer and fishing boats in winter. » #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, The Geographical Journal, London, 1964 130:3:337-49 ~ p. 337 ※ SOURCE for Dauss « Dauss » in {map#1096 Persia with a part of Cabul and the adjacent countries, Arrowsmith, Aaron Jr., 1828, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 0035.027} Das Alte Karavanserail Bisutun : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.386619 long 47.435333 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Das Alte Karavanserail Bisutun , ※ SOURCE for Das Alte Karavanserail Bisutun « Die Karavanserails von Bisutun (Abb. 121 und 137) (101)Im Bereich von Bisutun sind folgende Anlagen an der alten Karawanenstraße zu unterscheiden:1. Ein Erdwall-Qal'eh südlich des safavidischen Karavanse rails, Alter unbestimmbar (102).2. Ein Bruchstein-Kastell neben der safavidischen Brücke Größe 95 × 79 m, mit Türmen und 2,50 m Mauerstärke, auf gehendes Mauerwerk aus Lehmmaterial. Wahrscheinlich vorsafavidisch (103).3. Das Alte Karavanserail.4. Das Safavidische Karavanserail.Das Alte Karavanserail (Taf. 12.3.4)Lage: Im Bereich des Dorfes Bisutun, unterhalb der großen, unvollendeten Felsabarbeitung.Typ: Aus einer frühislamischen Straßenstation durch Einbauten im 12.-13. Jahrhundert entwickeltes Hofkaravan- fn. 101 Das Alte Karavanserail siehe W. Kleiss/H. Luschey et al. Bisutun... (im Druck). Das Safavidische Karavanserail: AMIN. F. 3, 1970, 289 ff. fn. 102 AMI 21, 1989, 24.fn. 103 Ebenda 25. [The Caravanserai of Bisutun (Figs. 121 and 137) (101)In the area of ??Bisutun, the following structures can be distinguished along the old caravan route:1. An earthwork qal'eh south of the Safavid caravanserai, of undetermined age (102).2. A rubblestone fort next to the Safavid bridge, measuring 95 × 79 m, with towers and 2.50 m thick walls, with standing masonry made of clay material. Probably pre-Safavid (103).3. The Old Caravanserai.4. The Safavid Caravanserai.The Old Caravanserai (Plate 12.3.4)Location: In the area of ??the village of Bisutun, below the large, unfinished rock carving.Type: Court caravan developed from an early Islamic road station through additions in the 12th-13th centuries. 101 For the Old Caravanserai, see W. Kleiss/H. Luschey et al. Bisutun... (in press). The Safavid Caravanserai: AMIN. F. 3, 1970, 289 ff. fn. 102 AMI 21, 1989, 24.fn. 103 Ibid. 25.] » #3474 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1996 Band 2:Teil 1: ~ pp. 83-86 Das Safavidische Karavanserail : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.384453 long 47.434977 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Das Safavidische Karavanserail , ※ SOURCE for Das Safavidische Karavanserail « Die Karavanserails von Bisutun (Abb. 121 und 137) (101)Im Bereich von Bisutun sind folgende Anlagen an der alten Karawanenstraße zu unterscheiden:1. Ein Erdwall-Qal'eh südlich des safavidischen Karavanse rails, Alter unbestimmbar (102).2. Ein Bruchstein-Kastell neben der safavidischen Brücke Größe 95 × 79 m, mit Türmen und 2,50 m Mauerstärke, auf gehendes Mauerwerk aus Lehmmaterial. Wahrscheinlich vorsafavidisch (103).3. Das Alte Karavanserail.4. Das Safavidische Karavanserail.Das Alte Karavanserail (Taf. 12.3.4)Lage: Im Bereich des Dorfes Bisutun, unterhalb der großen, unvollendeten Felsabarbeitung.Typ: Aus einer frühislamischen Straßenstation durch Einbauten im 12.-13. Jahrhundert entwickeltes Hofkaravan- fn. 101 Das Alte Karavanserail siehe W. Kleiss/H. Luschey et al. Bisutun... (im Druck). Das Safavidische Karavanserail: AMIN. F. 3, 1970, 289 ff. fn. 102 AMI 21, 1989, 24.fn. 103 Ebenda 25. [The Caravanserai of Bisutun (Figs. 121 and 137) (101)In the area of ??Bisutun, the following structures can be distinguished along the old caravan route:1. An earthwork qal'eh south of the Safavid caravanserai, of undetermined age (102).2. A rubblestone fort next to the Safavid bridge, measuring 95 × 79 m, with towers and 2.50 m thick walls, with standing masonry made of clay material. Probably pre-Safavid (103).3. The Old Caravanserai.4. The Safavid Caravanserai.The Old Caravanserai (Plate 12.3.4)Location: In the area of ??the village of Bisutun, below the large, unfinished rock carving.Type: Court caravan developed from an early Islamic road station through additions in the 12th-13th centuries. 101 For the Old Caravanserai, see W. Kleiss/H. Luschey et al. Bisutun... (in press). The Safavid Caravanserai: AMIN. F. 3, 1970, 289 ff. fn. 102 AMI 21, 1989, 24.fn. 103 Ibid. 25.] » #3474 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1996 Band 2:Teil 1: ~ pp. 83-86 Nous arrivâmes à dix heures du soir dans un vaste caravansé-rail, près d'un chétif hameau, à peu de dis-tance du mont Bi-sutoun, dont il prend le nom. Un ruisseau qui a sa source au pied de la montagne, baigne à l'E. les murs de ce ca-ravansérail, et va fertiliser la plaine. [We arrived at ten o'clock in the evening at a vast caravanserai, near a small hamlet, a short distance from Mount Bi-sutoun, from which it takes its name. A stream which has its source at the foot of the mountain, bathes the walls of this caravanserai to the east, and goes to fertilize the plain.] Dascherd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.600627 long 54.710483 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dascherd , Dasgard , Dastjird or Dastgird , Desgert (Desgard) , dest. gird , Disgirt , Dizkurd , ※ SOURCE for Dascherd « The 13th daye we came [to] Dascherd [?), (2) another litle towne lying a lge. out of the waye,wher we were refresht, and at night we had a guideand came to a caravansero weh is calld Bohodonie[Badini]. fn. 2 This must be the Duzgun of Herbert; possibly the Dasgar of St. John's map. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 83 ※ SOURCE for Dasgard « 18 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 385 « 11 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 360 ※ SOURCE for Dastjird or Dastgird « "Dascherd" (p. 83), a place two stages from Lar according to Stodart, may have been intended for Dastjird or Dastgird, a common place-name in Persia, but no such place can now be traced in this locality. » Reviewed Work(s): The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an Account of His Experiences asa Member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29 by Robert Stodart and E.Denison Ross Review by: L. L. The Geographical Journal, Vol. 87, No. 3 (Mar., 1936), pp. 269-270 ~ p. 270 ※ SOURCE for Desgert (Desgard) « den 22. Dez. durch steinige Oden zur Karawanserei Wasili 5 Farsach. 2 Farsach zur Karawanserei Bahadeni...am großen, grünen Dorf Desgert (Desgard) rechts vorbei...ein Salzstrom SO, wel- cher zwischen die Gebirge weg und, wie man sagte, ins Meer fließe. Wir ließen 1 Farsach rechts 1/2 Stunde vom Wege hinter dem kleinen Berge einen sehr hohen Nemek Kui (Namk-Kuhi) oder Salzberg, der allein lag und keinen Zusammenhang mit den andern hatte. Das weiße Salz schwitzte vielerorten heraus, war brüchig und fein. Von diesem Berge sammelte sich der gedachte Salzstrom. [December 22nd through stony odes to the caravanserai Vasili 5 Farsach. 2 Farsach to the Bahadeni caravanserai...past the large, green village of Desgert (Desgard) on the right...a salt stream SE, which flows between the mountains and, as they said, into the sea. We left a very high Nemek Kui (Namk-Kuhi) or salt mountain 1 Farsach to the right, half an hour from the path, behind the small mountain, which lay alone and had no connection to the others. The white salt sweated out in many places and was brittle and fine. The imaginary salt stream collected from this mountain.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 121 ※ SOURCE for dest. gird « Een weijnigh naar 't op komen van de maen ofte quartier voor vier uuren des morgens reijsden noord west voort, op een vlacke goede, dogh somwijlen wat steenagtige weg, en vonden met het op gaan der sonne de Carawanserae sjeam sang door de jongste swaare aardbe vingh geheel in gestort. ten acht uuren des morgens arriveerden in 't dorp dest. gird, alwaar, vermits de quade gesteltheijt van de gemeene rustplaats in een particulier huijs Logeerden. [A little after sunrise or a quarter before four o'clock in the morning we travelled north-west on a smooth, good, but sometimes somewhat stony road, and found at sunrise the Carawanserae Sjeam Sang completely collapsed by the last heavy earthquake. At eight o'clock in the morning we arrived in the village of Dest. Gird, where, because of the bad condition of the community, we lodged in a private house.] » #3298 Ketelaar embassy in 1.04.02 Inventaris van het archief van de Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC), 1602-1795 (1811) section 1901 1719. IIIIII. Derde boek: Batavia, derde deel 1719 1719 (old KA 1793), ~ f. 980v and 981r ※ SOURCE for Disgirt « Den 14. dito quan zyn Ed:, op 't 't zelve uur des 's nagts vertrokken zynde, met den dag in het dorp Disgirt, tot welke plaats de broeder des Hertogs zyn Ed: geleidde. [On the 14th his Ed:, having departed at the same hour of the night, arrived by day at the village of Disgirt, to which place the brother of the Duke accompanied his Ed:.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273 ※ SOURCE for Dizkurd « (29) karawansarai 6 farsakhs. With 3 cisterns at one league there is a caravansarai. On the right at 1 league a place Dizkurd. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 Dashgun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061136 coordinate: lat 26.896639 long 55.278503 Supplement: The following extracts from #3308 Teixeira, Pedro, Relaciones de Pedro Teixeira d'el origen, descendencia, y succession de los reyes de Persia, y de Harmuz, y de un viage hecho por el mismo autor dende la India oriental hasta Italia por tierra, En casa de H. Verdussen, 1610 ~ pp. 92 and 378 « El ſegundo en bondad, fe coge en Duzgun en la Perſia, pueblo vezino à Laſtan entre el Komron y Lara ciudad diſtante de Harmuz cerca de treynte leguas: El tercero viene de la prouincia Karaçon en la misma Perfia: » « El fegundo en bondad, fe coge en Duzgun en la Perfia, pueblo vezino à Laftan entre el Komron y Lara ciudad diftante de Harmuz cerca de treynte leguas: » [ « The second in goodness, is taken in Duzgun in Persia, a town near Lastan between Komron and Lara, a city distant from Harmuz about thirty leagues: The third comes from the province of Karaçon in the same Perfia: » « The second in goodness, is taken in Duzgun in Perfia, a town near Laftan between Komron and Lara, a city distant from Harmuz about thirty leagues: » ] Thomas Herbert gives the following account at Whormoote in his 1634 edition (in A relation of some yeares travaile, begunne anno 1626. Into Afrique and the greater Asia, especially the territories of the Persian monarchie: and some parts of the Oriental Indies, and Iles adiacent. … London : Printed by W. Stansby, and J. Bloome, 1634, pp. 51-52) « The fift night our Manzeil (or Iournies end for that day) was at Whormoote, where a little from vs, wee viewed a Blacke Tent, and going thither found three old Arabians, with each his Booke, out of which they chanted dolefull Requiems to their Cozens foule; ouer whoſe graue they fat, and were to mourne their fiue dayes for him, according to their Ceremony. Next night we trauelled fixe leagues further, and two dayes after into Larr, » This account is then embellished with Teixeira’s account in his 1638 edition (#1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638 ~ p. 125) to give « Nigh Whormoot are Duzgun, Laztan-De, and other Townes, where is got the beſt Affa-Fætida through all the Orient:the tree is like our brier in height, the leaves reſemble Fig leaves, the root the Radish: the vertue had need be much, it ſtincks ſo odiously. » Duzgun and Laztan are to be found about 110 and 160 kms west of Gamron on the coast. Kaempfer describes his Trip from Bandar Abbas to Disgun to harvest Asa. May 1688 (Sloane 2912) in #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ pp. 142-144 NIMA/GNS names: Dash`un , Dashgun , Dashqun , Dezhgan , د?گان , دشعون , دشگون , VARIANT names: Dashgun , Disgun , Duzgun , ※ SOURCE for Disgun « Wir kamen zu dem Dorf Disgun oder vielmehr der Stadt - weil ein Kalentar (Bürgermeister) hier regiert mit kleinen, oben platten Lehmhäusern. [We came to the village of Disgun, or rather the town - because a Kalentar (mayor) rules here - with small, flat-topped mud houses.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 143 ※ SOURCE for Duzgun « From Utrad also comes the moſt excellent Ingo, which our Phyſicians call Aʃʃa fetida. This Gum is mostly found in Three Places, in Utrad, as has been faid, and that we have thence is very pure, and not fo bitter; the ſecond Sort is found at Duzgun, in Persia, a Town near Laston, between Komron, and Lar, a City about 30 Leagues from Harmuz, or Ormuz » #3231 Pedro Teixeira, Mir Khwand trans. Capt. John Stevens, The History of Persia Containing, the Lives and Memorable Action ...., Jonas Brown, 1715 ~ p. 92 « Nigh Whormoot are Duzgun, Laztan-De, and other Townes, where is got the beſt Affa-Fætida through all the Orient:the tree is like our brier in height, the leaves reſemble Fig leaves, the root the Radish: the vertue had need be much, it ſtincks ſo odiously. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 125 Dasht Dal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060006 coordinate: lat 28.6879 long 53.1382 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht Dal , Dasht-e Dal , Dashteh Al , Dasht-i-Dal , دشت دال , VARIANT names: Dasht Dal , Dasht-i Dal , Dasht-i-Dal , ※ SOURCE for Dasht-i Dal « Dasht-i Dal » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 12 : Maymand} ※ SOURCE for Dasht-i-Dal « Dasht-i-Dal » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Shraz 444-C « Que la vallée de Simkân, voie naturelle pour la grande rocade préislamique dont on décèle çà et là des éléments, que la vallée du Qara-Aghach aient été aménagées, des ponts anciens (pont d'Isfal, pont de Zagh, pont de Dasht-i Dal, Pul-i 'Arüs) en témoignent sans équivoque. Au sud de Laghar la route du XIIe siècle rejoignait à Kurän la médiane Däräb-Siräf. fn. 58 Sur le pont d'Isfal, cf. FJ VII, p. 67 col. b; le pont "qui a dû être restauré récemment, entre Kirateh et Zagh signalé par M. Vanden Berghe (lettre du 16.XI.1962). Pour l'emplacement des deux autres ouvrages, voir la carte donnée par M. Vanden Berghe, op. cit., entre les pages 198 et 199. Je dois à l'amabilité de M. Vanden Berghe la communication de remarquables photographies, ainsi que les renseignements suivants (lettre citée): "Le pont sur le Qara Aghadj au nord de Dasht-i Dal est situé en amont du confluent de la rivière qui vient du Kuh-i Maimand et du Qara Aghadj. Le Pul-i Arus est beaucoup mieux conservé; il est situé à 20 km au sud de Qir. Il y a aujourd'hui une piste qui conduit de Qir à Makku-Saifabad et de là vers Khundj... La partie inférieure du pont est probablement de l'époque sassanide, le reste évidemment est islamique." fn. 59 Médiane mentionnée par Muqaddasi, p. 454; cf. Le Strange, Lands, p. 296. [That the Simkân valley, a natural route for the great pre-Islamic ring road, elements of which can be detected here and there, that the Qara-Aghach valley were developed, ancient bridges (Isfal bridge, Zagh bridge, Dasht-i Dal bridge, Pul-i 'Arüs) unequivocally testify to this. South of Laghar the 12th century road joined the Däräb-Siräf median at Kurän. fn. 58 On the Isfal bridge, cf. FJ VII, p. 67 col. b; the bridge "which had to be restored recently, between Kirateh and Zagh reported by Mr. Vanden Berghe (letter of 16.XI.1962). For the location of the two other works, see the map given by Mr. Vanden Berghe, op . cit., between pages 198 and 199. I owe to the kindness of Mr. Vanden Berghe the communication of remarkable photographs, as well as the following information (letter cited): "The bridge over the Qara Aghadj north of Dasht- i Dal is located upstream of the confluence of the river which comes from the Kuh-i Maimand and the Qara Aghadj. The Pul-i Arus is much better preserved; it is located 20 km south of Qir. Today there is a track which leads from Qir to Makku-Saifabad and from there to Khundj... The lower part of the bridge is probably from the Sasanian period, the rest is obviously Islamic." fn. 59 Median mentioned by Muqaddasi, p. 454; cf. The Strange, Lands, p. 296.] » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ p. 28 « Qubbeh and Dasht-i-Dal are in a circular plain perhaps 5 miles across, in which there are many other villages. This is the district of Simakan (i.e., 30 places). Before reaching Dasht-i-Dal at 9 miles » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 479 Dasht Jeyhun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067963 coordinate: lat 27.273834 long 55.080892 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht Jeyhun , Jaihun , Jeyhun , جيحون , دشت جیحون , VARIANT names: Dasht Jeyhun , Dasht River : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -2758930 coordinate: lat 25.175 long 61.6666667 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht , Dasht Kaur , Dasht River , Dasht Rud , Khor Dasht , VARIANT names: Dasht River , Sa his ling , ※ SOURCE for Dasht River the main river/stream appearing on maps some 64 kilometres west of Gwadar ※ SOURCE for Sa his ling « 508 A stream on the coast of Baluchistan [f. 21]. See Ch'ien fo ch'ih » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 1 p. 214 a possible one ???? Pbr Dashtak : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 28.088688 long 52.09014 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dashtak , ※ SOURCE for Dashtak « Dashtak, located one farsakh north of Tashan (Riz), is a wide terrace with a cistern and two one-room buildings. The cistern had been repaired recently; it measures 10 x 4 m and has rounded ends. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 90 Dasht-e Arzhan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059990 coordinate: lat 29.660709 long 51.985157 NIMA/GNS names: Dachte-Arjan , Dasht-e Arjan , Dasht-e Arzhan , Dasht-e Arzhaneh , Dasht-i- Arjan , دشت ار?ن , VARIANT names: Dasht Arjin , Dasht-Arjun , Dasht-e Arzhan , Dasht-i-Arzin , Dastergen , ※ SOURCE for Dasht Arjin « « This was our goal after that climb over Pir Zan and thecold. Dasht Arjin (69) it is called. That house is the TelegraphSta.fn. 69 De Windt (1891), p. 197: “’The Plain of Wild Almonds,’ a kind of plateau to which the ascent is steep and difficult, one might have been in Switzerland or the Tyrol. Undulating, densely wooded hills, with a background of steep limestone cliffs, their sharp peaks, just tipped with snow, standing out crisp and clear against the cloudless sky, formed a fitting frame to the lovely picture before us; the pretty village, trees blossoming on all sides, fresh green pastures overgrown in places by masses of fern and wild flowers, and the white foaming waterfall dashing down the side of the mountain, to lose itself in the blue waters of a huge lake just visible in the plains below. The neighbourhood of » #3182 Captain John Compton Pyne, A Journal of Three Months’ Walk in Persia in 1884 by Captain John Compton Pyne: Introduction, Notes and Translation, Amsterdam University Press, 2017~ » #3182 Captain John Compton Pyne, A Journal of Three Months’ Walk in Persia in 1884 by Captain John Compton Pyne: Introduction, Notes and Translation, Amsterdam University Press, 2017 ~ p. 79 ※ SOURCE for Dasht-Arjun « 23rd February, Dasht-Arjun, 8 farsakhs ; 6.30 a.m. to 8 p.m. The stage from Qazran to Dasht-Arjun is the best of all in point of scenery, but it is a long day's march thirty-two miles, with two kotals. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ p. 39 « Dasht-Arjun village was dimly seen at the farther end. Night fell before we reached the telegraph-station. … We were hospitably welcomed in the telegraph- office, and rejoiced in a warm fire and a good dinner. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ p. 42 ※ SOURCE for Dasht-e Arzhan « Dasht-e Arzhan » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ Abb. 5 p. 10 ※ SOURCE for Dasht-i-Arzin « It was, indeed, a dreary scene, and the hearts of all of us were glad when we passed through a graveyard decked with grotesque stone lions, close under the rocky heights of the far extremity of the plain, and came in to the welcome sight of a blazing fire at the telegraph office of Dasht-i-Arzin. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 117 ※ SOURCE for Dastergen « nous descendîmes dans une vallée cernée de toutes parts par des montagnes où est bâti un mauvais village nommé Dastergen; une source abondante sort tout à côté du pied de la montagne et forme une petite rivière qui traverse la vallée et de- vient ensuite un marécage, faute d'écoulement; » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 500 Dasht-e Azadegan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PLN UFI: 10334818 coordinate: lat 28.5788 long 52.3949 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht-e Azadegan , دشت آزادگان , VARIANT names: Azadigan , Dasht-e Azadegan , plaine d'Azadigan , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Dasht-e Azadegan FOR Han Azadmard [Hikoichi Yajima], ※ SOURCE for Azadigan « Azadigan » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} ※ SOURCE for plaine d'Azadigan « A la sortie de la gorge, on entre dans la plaine d'Azadigan, [At the exit of the gorge, we enter the Azadigan plain,] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 170 Dasht-e Barin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PLNU independent coordinate: lat 29.252486 long 51.741718 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Dasht-e Barin , ※ SOURCE for Dasht-e Barin « He is said to have come from a town (qaryah) called Abruwan(267) in the rural district of Dasht-i Bārin(268) in the province of Ardashir Khurrah. He had lofty buildings erected there and at Jirih, in the province of Sabur, because of the contiguity of that and Dasht-i Barin, fn. 267. The text has 'b.r.wan, but the form of this name is uncertain. It may possibly be the Artuwan of al-Maqdisi, Ahsan al-taqasim, 258, in the list of the towns and districts of Säsänid Persia attributed to Qubadh (I), son of Fayrüz, or the Arduwal/Arduwan of Yaqut, Buldan, I, 149, as a small town of southwestern Persia. fn. 268. The "plain of Barin" was a district of southwestern Färs whose urban center was in Islamic times Ghundijän. See Nöldeke, trans. III n. 4; Le Strange, Lands, 260, 268, 294; Schwarz, Iran, 68-70. » #3081 trans: C. E. Bosworth, The History of al-Tabari, State University of New York Press, New York, 1999 ~ vol. 5 p. 105 « According to archaeological evidence and the Early Islamic historical and geographical records, Dasht-e Barin or Ghandejan is the name for an ancient city situated between Bishapour, Firouzabad (Ardashir Khurreh), and Tavaj or Tuz (Borazjan). The oldest name for this city is Dasht-e Barin that is also the name for Sar Mashhad plain. Mehr Narseh was born at Abravan in Sar Mashhad plain, and Abravan village should be one of the archaeological sites of Sar Mashhad plain. According to Early Islamic historical and geographical documents, the city of Ghandejan was well-known for his famous scholars and virtuous people like Al-Aswad Ghandejani, the production of cotton textiles, kilim rug and Jajim weaving and cushion making, and its location in-between Shiraz to Seif (seashore) as a resting point for travelers. Ibn Khordadbeh is the first person who mentioned this city in 230 A.H. and Ibn Faghih and Ibn Khordadbeh report on the placement of the city at the western border of Ardashir Khorreh, between Jereh and Tavaj (Borazjan). » #3084 Parsa Ghasemi, Preliminary Report on the Identification of Ghandejan / Dasht-e Barin City Center on Sar Mashhad Plain, North of the Persian Gulfگزارش مقدماتی از شناسایی موقعیت شهر باستانی غندجان/ دشت بارین در دشت سر مشهد ، شمال دریای پارس, Journal of Iranian Archaeology, 2013 no. 3:65-71 ~ p. 69 Dasht-e Bayaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060000 coordinate: lat 34.034274 long 58.790304 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht-e Bayaz , Dasht-e Piaz , Dasht-i-Piaz , دشت بياض , VARIANT names: Dasht-e Bayaz , Dasht-i-Biaz , ※ SOURCE for Dasht-i-Biaz « The villages of Girimanj and Dasht-i-Biaz, on the sloping ground at the south-western and western extremities of the fine and extensive Nimbuluk plain, are pleasantly situated, and the last may still be considered a flourishing place, notwith-standing the common visitation. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 79 Dasht-e Kowr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060023 coordinate: lat 27.2451 long 53.566 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht-e Kowr , Dasht-e Kur , دشت کور , VARIANT names: Dasht-e Kowr , Dasht-e Kuch : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060057 coordinate: lat 28.6921 long 57.8246 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht Kooch , Dasht Kuch , Dasht-e Kuch , Dasht-i-Kuch , دشت کوچ , VARIANT names: Dasht-e Kuch , ※ SOURCE for Dasht-e Kuch « On New Year's Eve we reached the very foot of the fan-like detritus from the big mountains and camped in a place called Dash-1-Kuch near a mill. There we a good many little mountain streams and near one of these a tunnel and hole had been cut out in the slightly rising-ground in which the Mill had been built. It was just a mud-built room with the inevitable round dome with a hole in the centre to give light. We walked down into it (the floor sloped in at an angle of about 45°) and as soon an we became acoustomed to the darkness, we saw a most picturesque scene In this sort of dark cave were squatted all sorts of people; one man over a little wood-fire was cooking something, another was spinning wοοl, others were simply chatting, while a few of the miller people were stirring about. In the background a great round stone with a hole in the middle was revolving on the ground horizontally and from ita circumference the new-ground flour was flying out and forming heapa which would presently be gathered into baga such as those stacked round. Over the middle hole was hung a akin or bag tundish-shaped and every now and then a miller'a boy would throw in some more grain. This falling into the hole got in due course under the stone and was ground when its time came. We could get no very clear account of how the water power was made to turn the stone, which looked uncannily like as if it revolved of itself, but no doubt it is some aimple arrangement of primitive waterwheel and cogs, the ance as our Iranian relatives used in prehistoric days. They told us they could grind as much as 200 lbs a day or so. There were only 2 or 3 huts at all near and like the brick-earthenware- factory it seemed a long way off from its purchasing public! » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ pp. 12-13 Dasht-e Laleh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3772435 coordinate: lat 32.937033 long 48.535099 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht-e Laleh , دشت لاله , VARIANT names: Dasht-e Laleh , Dasht-e Namadi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PLN UFI: -3385107 coordinate: lat 32.5833333 long 60.75 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht-e Namadi , Dasht-e Naomid , Dasht-e Naomid , Dasht-i- Naumid , Daste Namadi , Daste Namadi , VARIANT names: Daghe Namadi , Daghe Naomid , Daghe Tundi , Dasht-e Namadi , ※ SOURCE for Daghe Namadi « DAGHE NAMADI or DAGHE TUNDIرغ نمدی32-26 60-59. A swampy area located west of Farah near the Iranian border. It is a depression into which small streams run from various direc-tions during the spring. In summer the area is dry and covered by thick layers of alkali and salt. There are a number of wells near this area, most of which contain brackish water; they are: Gala Chah, in the north; Seh Chah, in the northeast; Chah-i-Shor and Chah-i-Naw in the south. The Rud-i-Shahwali or Rude Taghe (Daghe) Naomid enters the Daghe Namadi from the north, passing the Dashte Namid on its eastern boundaries. » #3495 Adamec, Ludwig W, Historical and political gazetteer of Afghanistan, Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 1972 ~ vol. 2 p. 58-9 ※ SOURCE for Daghe Naomid « *DAGHE NAOMID See DAGHE NAMADI 32-26 50-59 » #3495 Adamec, Ludwig W, Historical and political gazetteer of Afghanistan, Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 1972 ~ vol. 2 p. 61 ※ SOURCE for Daghe Tundi « *DAGHE TUNDI See DAGHE NAMADI 32-26 50-59 » #3495 Adamec, Ludwig W, Historical and political gazetteer of Afghanistan, Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 1972 ~ vol. 2 p. 61 Dasht-e Puzeh Barik : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PLN UFI: 13920865 coordinate: lat 27.912594 long 53.037679 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht-e Puzeh Barik , دشت پوزه باریک , VARIANT names: Dasht-e Puzeh Barik , Dasht-e Qal`eh Rostam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PLN UFI: -3079030 coordinate: lat 30.6484 long 61.4568 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht-e Qal`eh Rostam , دشت قلعه رستم , VARIANT names: Dasht-e Qal`eh Rostam , Dashti : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060048 coordinate: lat 27.496238 long 54.152326 NIMA/GNS names: Dashti , دشتی , VARIANT names: Dashti , Dasht-i-Bar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059997 coordinate: lat 28.448911 long 56.130408 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht Bar , Dasht Var , Dasht-e Bar , Dasht-i-Bar , دشت بر , VARIANT names: Dasht-i-Bar , Desht-Bir , ※ SOURCE for Dasht-i-Bar « map of Marco Polo's Route as fixed by Captain Sykes » #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7, 45:648-60 ~ p. 655 ※ SOURCE for Desht-Bir « We proceeded diagonally on a bearing of 315º across it, and at the 4th mile reached some huts and the ruined fort of Desht-Bir. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 61 Dasht-i-Sangbar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.495624 long 61.1525 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dasht-i-Sangbar , ※ SOURCE for Dasht-i-Sangbar « 30-mile march to Sekuha, the more modern capital of Sistan. Our route was for the most part across low inundated lands as before, and we passed many tumuli and ruins. At about 7 miles before reaching our encamping ground we rose to the Dasht-i-Sangbar, a tract which appeared in the distance like a range of pale cliffs of considerable extent, » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 70 Dasht-Surab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.696257 long 52.423089 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bijab-Surub , Biyabshurab , Biyabsurab , Dasht Shurab , Dasht Zurab , Dasht-Surab , Dast Surab , Desht Shourab , Dest Sourab , Dest Surab , Dest-i Surab , ※ SOURCE for Bijab-Surub « Nordwestlich davon verzeichnet die englische Karte ein Kuh i Bung. Dešt Šürab, “die Brackwasser-Steppe” bezeichnet Mukaddasi mit dem gleichbedeutenden Bijäb süräb (8), die Örtlichkeit lag etwa in der Nähe von Rudbab. Für den Hän Azadmerd gibt die neuere Karte keinen sicheren Anhalt, er wird in der Gegend von Babonej gelegen haben; wohl aber verzeichnet sie ein Fort Raikan, das vielleicht mit Mukaddasis Station Räjkān, 1 Tagemarsch von Bijab- Sürüb entfernt, zusammengehört.fn. 8 Muk. 454, 1 (in umgekehrter Richtung). [To the northwest of this, the English map shows a Kuh i Bung. Dešt Šürab, “the brackish water steppe” is what Mukaddasi calls the equivalent Bijäb süräb (8), the location was approximately near Rudbab. The newer map does not provide any reliable information about the Hän Azadmerd, it must have been in the area of ??Babonej; however, it does show a fort Raikan, which perhaps belongs together with Mukaddasi's station Räjkān, a day's march from Bijab- Sürüb. fn. 8 Muk. 454, 1 (in the opposite direction).] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 195 ※ SOURCE for Biyabshurab « thence to Biyabshūrāb, one stage » #3346 Muhammad ibn Ahmad Muqaddasi, trans. Basil Anthony Collins, The Best Divisions For Knowledge Of The Region, Garnet Publishing, Reading, 2001 ~ p. 367 ※ SOURCE for Biyabsurab « Biyābšūrāb ou Dašt Šūrāb VI C4, Site non identifié, localisation hypothétique Etape avant Gür en venant de Sirāf, Ι 129, Η 282, Muq 454, Schw 195 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 47 « Biyābšūrāb » in {map#1167 in #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a` l'e´poque classique : IXe-Xe sie`cles : re´pertoires des toponymes, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985 ~ fig. Map VI. Provinces du Faris et du Kirman Desert non Arabe (Al-Mafaza)} ※ SOURCE for Dasht Shurab «(6) Dasht ShüräbJūrにつづく宿駅地は、5farsakhの距離にある Dasht Shüräbであった。Dashtは(砂漠)。 (水なき平原)の意。Shirabは、明らかにSharab (塩水)の意)と読み、現在の Rad-i Shür. または Rüd-i Khanah Shürのことを 指している。一方、al-Muqaddasiは、これをBayab Shüräb と記しているが (72) Bayābはおそらく Bi-ab (〈水無し〉の意)であって、Dasht と同意であろう。 また、al-Idrisiは、これを Rustäq Dasht Shüräb (Dasht Shürabの村の意)とする。(73) fn. 72. al-Muqaddasi, p. 454.fn. 73. al-Idrisi, p. 413. [The next stop after Jur was Dasht Shüräb, at a distance of five farsakhs. Dasht means "desert" or "waterless plain." Shirab is obviously read as "Sharab" (salt water), and refers to the present Rad-i Shür. or Rüd-i Khanah Shür. On the other hand, al-Muqaddasi writes it as Bayab Shüräb (72), but Bayāb is probably Bi-ab (waterless), which is probably the same as Dasht. Al-Idrisi gives it as Rustäq Dasht Shüräb (the village of Dasht Shürab). (73).] » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ pp. 39-40 ※ SOURCE for Dasht Zurab « Dasht Zurab » in {map#1227 , Persia and Afghanistan by Keith Johnston, F.R.S.E. Engraved and printed by W. and A.K. Johnston, Edinburgh. William Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London (1861), , fig. } « Dasht Zurab; Persia 28.26 N 51.41 E 31 Ef » #3168 Alexander Keith Johnston, Index Geographicus Being a List Alphabetically Arranged of the Principal Places on the Globe... and Their Latitudes and Longitudes, W. Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, 1864 ~ p. 156 ※ SOURCE for Dasht-Surab « De (283) Djur à Dasht-Shurab, cinq parasanges. [From (283) Djur to Dasht-Shurab, five parasangs.] » #3352 Configuration de la terre : Kitab surat al-Ard / Ibn Hauqal ; introduction et traduction, avec index, par J. H. Kramers et G. Wiet, Maisonneuve et Larose, Paris, 1964 ~ vol. 2 pp. 278-9 ※ SOURCE for Dast Surab « Biyābšūrāb ou Dašt Šūrāb VI C4, Site non identifié, localisation hypothétique Etape avant Gür en venant de Sirāf, Ι 129, Η 282, Muq 454, Schw 195 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 47 « to Dast-Surab, 9 » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p. 489 fn. 572 ※ SOURCE for Desht Shourab « six farsang from Kouar to دشت شوراب Desht Shourab (the waste or desert of bitter water), five farsang; » #3164 Abu-'l-Qāsim Ibn-Ali Ibn-Hauqal trans. William Ouseley, The Oriental Geography of Ebn Haukal, an Arabian Traveller of the Tenth Century, Oriental Press, London, 1800 ~ pp. 105-6 « Dasht Shüräb - Bayāb-Shūrāb - ... - Kunar Siyah (Rüd-i Shür) » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. 3 ※ SOURCE for Dest Sourab « De Djour au roustac de Dest Sourab , 15 milles. » #3001 Al-Idrisi, P. Amedee Jaubert, Geographie d'Edrisi, Bertrand, Paris, 1836 ~ vol. 1 pp. 400-401 ※ SOURCE for Dest Surab « Par. Stadt Gür (4) 5 Par. Dešt Sürab » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 195 ※ SOURCE for Dest-i Surab « Cûr'dan Dest-i Surab'a 5 fersahtir [It is 5 leagues from Cur to Desht-i Shurab,] » #3174 Ibn Havkal trans. Ramazan Sesen, 10. Asirda Islam Cografyasi (Yeditepe Yayinevi), Yeditepe Yayinlari, 2014 ~ p.227 Dasteheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060105 coordinate: lat 28.891247 long 53.673245 NIMA/GNS names: Dasteheh , Dastejeh , Dastjeh , Deh Dashteh , دستجه , دستحه , VARIANT names: Dasteheh , Deh Desteh , Deh-dasta , ※ SOURCE for Deh Desteh « and we then passed Deh Desteh, situated close by to our right » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 155 ※ SOURCE for Deh-dasta « Deh-dasta » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Dastgardan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060081 coordinate: lat 34.306568 long 56.925298 NIMA/GNS names: Dastgardan , Dastgardun , Dastgerdan , دستگردان , VARIANT names: Dastgardan , Dastgerd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3822653 coordinate: lat 31.902231 long 50.922753 NIMA/GNS names: Dastgerd , Dastgerd-e Chegha Khowr , دستگرد , دستگرد چغا خور , VARIANT names: Char Khor , Dastgerd , ※ SOURCE for Char Khor « We noticed the tombstones of an Armenian village which once was situated here. (1) The land was being ploughed. This valley gives a passage to the valley of Char Khor, already described. Distance from Naghun to the fort of Char Khor about 11 miles. Altitude of Char Khor, 7170 feet. ... From Char Khor to Paradomba the distance is about 19 miles.fn. 1 For some interesting details regarding it see Schindler p. 52 » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 551 Dastjerdeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060133 coordinate: lat 36.851629 long 48.946146 NIMA/GNS names: Dast Jerdeh , Dastgirdah , Dastgirdakh , Dastjerdeh , دستجرده , VARIANT names: Dastjerdeh , Daulatabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061655 coordinate: lat 30.231394 long 56.607859 NIMA/GNS names: Daulatabad , Dowlatabad , دولت آباد , VARIANT names: Daulatabad , ※ SOURCE for Daulatabad « After twenty miles, we found ourselves opposite a small village called Daulatabad. Here we were overtaken by a storm of wind and rain, which came up from the south-west with a certain grandeur, overshadowing the mountain-tops, and involving the plain in blackness. We fled to Daulatabad, over flooded stretches of slippery clay. A stream flowed between us and the village ; we scrambled up and down its clay banks, and entered Daulatabad the Abode of Wealth a place which sadly belied its name. Ruined and empty mud-houses were all we saw, except, indeed, a cow or two. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 195 Daulatabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061635 coordinate: lat 28.928237 long 54.007787 NIMA/GNS names: Daulatabad , Dowlatabad , Dsulstabad , دولت آباد , VARIANT names: Daulatabad , Dowlatabad , ※ SOURCE for Dowlatabad « Dowlatabad » in {map#1192 in #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ fig. Map showing road from Shiraz to Jashk sheet 1} Daulatabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 106241 coordinate: lat 28.6024 long 57.808 NIMA/GNS names: Daulatabad , Dowlatabad , دولت آباد , VARIANT names: Daolat-abad , Daulatabad , ※ SOURCE for Daolat-abad « That to the eastward, or "Zornat," was pronounced the better suited for camels, as it was comparatively low and easy, and snow was thick on "Deh- Bakri." Further inquiry and deliberation at Dosari, caused me to adhere to the original intention, and we accordingly marched out from that place 17 miles to the north-west, encamping at a cluster of huts, designated "Daolat-abad," on the plain of Jiruft, a district contiguous to that of Rudbar. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 66 Dawan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060149 coordinate: lat 29.701811 long 51.675528 NIMA/GNS names: Davan , Dawan , Dovan , دوان , VARIANT names: Dawan , ※ SOURCE for Dawan « fn. 2 For Ramm or Zamm see Introduction, p. 13. Dūdhin and Davvän are mentioned by Istakhri, p. 112. Davan is still the name of a village lying 21 lengues to the north of Käzirün, » #3077 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum Asiatic Society Monographs XIV, Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1912 ~ p. 43 Dawhat al-Shisah (Biagi2) : arch. site OMN UTM: DQ438008 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2256907922277 long 56.4373622500212 VARIANT names: Dawhat al-Shisah (Biagi2) , ※ SOURCE for Dawhat al-Shisah (Biagi2) #2803 Biagi, P., New Rock Art Sites in the Musandam Peninsula, Sultanate of Oman, Bulletin of the Society for Arabian Studies, 2003 ~ p.24 Dawhat Shisah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -788892 coordinate: lat 26.265366 long 56.438444 NIMA/GNS names: Dawhat ash Shisah , Dawhat ash Shisha , Dawhat ash Shishah , Dawhat Shisah , Dohat ash Shisha , Duhat Shisah , دوحة شيصة , VARIANT names: Dawhat Shisah , ※ SOURCE for Dawhat Shisah «Shisah (Dohat) درجة شيصة On the east coast, between Musandam island and Ghubbat Shābūs. The northern entrance of this inlet is known as Ras Qabr Hindi قبر هندي Hindi a name which local tradition explains by affirming that many years ago an Indian who died on board an Indian sailing vessel was buried here by his companions. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1613 De Tut Kariz-e : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CNLSB UFI: 6292718 coordinate: lat 32.543922 long 63.221928 NIMA/GNS names: De Tut Karez , De Tut Karez , De Tut Kariz-e , Kyariz Tut , د توت کار?ز , VARIANT names: De Tut Kariz-e , Tut-i-Kasarman , ※ SOURCE for Tut-i-Kasarman « 15. Tut-i-Kasarman (6 miles 5 furlongs-190 miles 2 furlongs).-Good water from a "karez"; forage for both camels and horses abundant; fuel procurable but no supplies. Road among hills all the way, gradually ascending but not difficult. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 332 Deſart (Herbert) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.555347 long 53.630016 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Deſart (Herbert) , ※ SOURCE for Deſart (Herbert) « Next day wee queſted in ſearch of our Carravan, and with much trouble recovered it: that night alſo pitching in the Deſart, were welcom'd by fuch a fudden ftorm of rain, thunder, and lightning, as made our cheare more wretched, imprifoning us alſo in our Tents. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132 Deabage : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.566464 long 65.273264 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Deabage , ※ SOURCE for Deabage « The 24th we came in twelve c. to Deabage, a small dea or village. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 213 Deh `Ali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060229 coordinate: lat 31.441876 long 56.014139 NIMA/GNS names: Deh `Ali , Deh-e `Ali , Qaryah `Ali , ده علی , قریه علی , VARIANT names: Deh `Ali , Deh Bakri caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.995113 long 57.90454 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location is of the summit to the pass but with extensive roadworks and tunnelling am unabe to locat the caravanserai VARIANT names: Deh Bakri caravanserai , Deh Bakri Pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3194380 coordinate: lat 28.983333 long 57.933333 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Bakri Pass , Gardaneh-ye Deh Bakri , VARIANT names: Deh Bakri Pass , Gardaneh-ye Deh Bakri , ※ SOURCE for Deh Bakri Pass « at the "Sakht-dar" pass, and halting only at about two miles short of the higher one of "Deh-Bakri," estimated at 7,800. Rain and snow, the straying of mules, and delays in the progress of camels, want of fodder, absence of villages and population, these or like causes compelled us to stay at a miserable caravanseri near the summit of the last and loftiest ridge for a whole day after reaching it. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 67 « But the crowning monent of the day was still to come in the steep sharp climb of the last 200 or 300 feet up to the Deh Bakri Pass (7700) We were already well within the snow-line and anow had no doubt lain dom where we were, a fortnight ago, but now it only lingered near our path in patches, which were sheltered from the sun. As we zig zagged up this last 300 feet the path was fortunately good and smooth enough to leave na most of our attention for the view. To right and left stretched sway the great snow topped ranges, and across the gulf at our feet you saw range on range of mountains creasing the scene, ridge belind ridge, peak behind peak, a perfect sen of mountains away to the great anow tops beyond, every degree of height and distance marked by wonderful colour and light and shade under the bright sun and the blue sky. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 21 Deh Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3194384 coordinate: lat 29.954838 long 51.880632 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Bala , Deh Bava , Deh-e Bala , Kolah Siah-e `Olya , کلاه سیاه علیا , VARIANT names: Deh Bala , Deh Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060250 coordinate: lat 28.8747 long 52.7442 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Bala , Deh-e Bala , ده بالا , VARIANT names: Deh Bala , Uliya , ※ SOURCE for Uliya « Maimand consists of 3 villages: Üliva and Suflä (otherwise called Deh Bälä and Deh Pain) and Shabänkärch, and is famous for its rose-gardens, producing all the rose-water ex- posted from the S. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 480 Deh Barm : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6029171 coordinate: lat 28.8664 long 52.4962 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Barm , ده برم , VARIANT names: Deh Barm , Dehbar , ※ SOURCE for Dehbar « Dehbar » in {map#1231 ‘Sketch of Lieut. Snodgrass’s Route from Bushire to Shiraz, via Feruzabad, A.D. 1810’, , , [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3118, in Qatar Digital Library fig. } Deh Beh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060268 coordinate: lat 28.450861 long 53.124524 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Beh , Deh Kohneh , ده به , ده کهنه , VARIANT names: Deh Beh , ※ SOURCE for Deh Beh « From there a march of about 7 miles along the foot of the bare hill-chain took us to Deh-beh, a largish village. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 132 Deh Bid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060271 coordinate: lat 30.6131 long 53.1954 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Bid , Safashahr , ده بید , صفاشهر , VARIANT names: Deh Bid , Dehebeth , ※ SOURCE for Deh Bid « Deh Bid (Telegraph station). ... then crossing a barren moorland descends to Deh Bid. A telegraph office and post-house, but no village. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 189 ※ SOURCE for Dehebeth « De li a tre zornate se viene ad una villa chiamata Dehebeth,330) in la qual el se lavora terre e lavori de gottoni;fn. 330. Dehebeth = Dihbid, grosso villaggio sulla strada da Isfahan a Shiräz, che dista 288 km. dalla prima città e 207 dalla seconda. Situato a grande altitudine, ha un clima rigido ed è ben noto per essere frequentemente battuto da forti venti. Cfr. E. G. BROWNE, A Year amongst the Persians, London, 1893, p. 136. (Lo.) [From there onwards one comes to a village called Dehebeth, 330) in which land and copper works are worked; fn. 330. Dehebeth = Dihbid, a large village on the road from Isfahan to Shiräz, which is 288 km. from the first city and 207 from the second. Situated at a high altitude, it has a harsh climate and is well known for being frequently buffeted by strong winds. Cfr. E. G. BROWNE, A Year amongst the Persians, London, 1893, p. 136. (Lo.)] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 150 Deh Bid Caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 12284278 coordinate: lat 30.612493 long 53.196343 Supplement: Deh Bid Caravanserai کاروانسرای ده بید NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , کاروانسرای شاه عباسی , VARIANT names: Deh Bid Caravanserai , Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , Deh Bin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 153069 coordinate: lat 28.779 long 52.4746 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Bin , ده بین , VARIANT names: Deh Bin , Deh Bozan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060281 coordinate: lat 34.709719 long 48.101026 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Baran , Deh Bozan , Deh Golan , ده بران , ده بزان , ده بزان , ده گلان , ده گلان , VARIANT names: Deh Bozan , Deh Buzan , ※ SOURCE for Deh Buzan « At mile 19 the road passes through the village of Deh Büzan, where there is a spring of good water supplying the canals in the vicinity of the road all the way to Asadabad. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 158 Deh Chal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060289 coordinate: lat 34.4653 long 49.1209 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Chal , ده چال , VARIANT names: Deh Chal , Dehchal , ※ SOURCE for Deh Chal « Nous arrivâmes à trois heures et demie du soir à Deh-Châl, village situé dans ce même vallon. Il est entouré d'un mur flanqué de tours. [We arrived at three thirty in the evening at Deh-Châl, a village located in this same valley. It is surrounded by a wall flanked by towers.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vo. 1 p. 270 ※ SOURCE for Dehchal « At 8 miles is the village Dehchal, close to the road on the right. There are 50 houses, 50 yoke of oxen and 700 sheep. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 240 Deh Darvishan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060348 coordinate: lat 28.848056 long 52.549167 NIMA/GNS names: Darvishan , Deh Darvishan , Deh-e Darvishan , VARIANT names: Deh Darvishan , Deh Fish : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060545 coordinate: lat 28.142956 long 53.852545 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Fish , ده فیش , VARIANT names: Deh Fish , Difesh , ※ SOURCE for Difesh Von Kariyan führt eine häufiger benutzte Piste nach Juyom an der Straße Jehrom- Lar. Auf dieser Piste gelangte ich nach 33 km zu dem Ort Difesh, in dessen Nähe sich eine große Festung auf einem Bergknollen erhebt. [From Kariyan a frequently used track leads to Juyom on the Jehrom-Lar road. After 33 km on this track I reached the town of Difesh, near which a large fortress rises on a mountain lump.] Deh Gerdu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRMQ UFI: 10342280 coordinate: lat 31.1618 long 52.2472 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Gerdu , ده گردو , VARIANT names: Degardow , Deguerdou , Deh Gerdu , Dehegerdow , Dehighirdu , ※ SOURCE for Degardow « Next night we lay in Whomgesh; next in Cuzcuzar [Khūshk-i-Zard); next we came to Bazeba-chow, and next to Degardow [Dih-i-girdū]: eight leagues from which place (and near Yezdycawz) we rode over a mountain of black marble (where doubtless are quarries of serpentine and porphyry, if the earth were examined). » #3211 ed Foster, William, Thomas Herbert, Travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ p. 118 ※ SOURCE for Dehegerdow « The 17th daye we came to Dehegerdow [Dih-i-girdu], a lit! towne in a veri barren place, but good water. Here we picht in the Duckes1 howse, hauing traveled 8 1ges. fayre waye but manye turninges. fn. 1 i.e., Imam Quli Khan, Duke of Shiraz. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 74 ※ SOURCE for Dehighirdu « Al far della notte ripigliammo di nuovo il cammino, e dopo otto leghe di strada, la mattina del giovedi, a buon'ora, arrivammo ad alloggiare nella villa Dehighirdu, che è tanto come a dire in lingua nostra, Villa delle noci, così detta per la molta quantità delle noci che ivi si trovano. Stemmo noi dentro al caravanserai che vi è, in mezzo del quale quattro belli e grandi alberi piantativi fanno ombra deliziosa. [At nightfall we set out again, and after eight leagues of road, early on Thursday morning, we arrived to lodge in the Dehighirdu villa, which is as much as to say in our language, Villa of the walnuts, so called because of the great quantity of walnuts that are found there. We stayed inside the caravanserai that is there, in the middle of which four beautiful and large plant trees give delightful shade.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 241-242 Deh Hak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060472 coordinate: lat 33.0976 long 50.9828 NIMA/GNS names: Dahagh , Deh Hak , Deh Haqq , Dehag , Deheq , Mantaqeh-e San`ati-ye Dehaq , Shahrak-e San`ati-ye Dehaq , شهرک صنعتی دهق , منطقه صنعتی دهق , VARIANT names: Deh Hak , Deha , Dehak , ※ SOURCE for Deh Hak « At 30 miles the road continues to ascend passing extensive orchards and vineyards, until Deh Hak is reached at the head of the valley, close under hills on either side. Here there are 800 houses, three ganāts, and 4,000 sheep. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 235 ※ SOURCE for Deha « December 16. We rose from Challisea and lay at Deha¹: 9 houres. All good way. About an hour short of this place we passed by a large town and a good Caravansarai. fn. 1 1 Challisea and Deha appear in Dupré (Voyage en Perse, i, 288, 287) as Tchallisié and Dehak, He mentions a great caravanserai at the former, but ascribes the building to the munificence of the grandmother of Futteh 'Ali Shah, then reigning.-Y. » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 214 ※ SOURCE for Dehak « Dehak » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 3 Karte Irans, Ausschnitt der Regionen Teheran - Esfahan - Shiraz} Deh Khair : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060390 coordinate: lat 28.65372 long 54.703629 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Khair , Deh Kheyr , Deh Kheyr-e Bala , Deh-e Kheyr-e `Olya , Kheir Olya , ده خیر بالا , VARIANT names: Deh Khair , Deh Khayr , Deh-i-Khair , ※ SOURCE for Deh Khair « Nous marchâmes quelque temps encore avant d'arriver à Deh- Kair . Ce nom signifie point de village . En effet , un hameau d'une cinquantaine de feux , renfermés dans une enceinte , tient aujourd'hui la place du village considérable qui a existé autrefois . [We walked for some more time before arriving at Deh-Kair. This name means village point. In fact, a hamlet of around fifty fires, enclosed within an enclosure, today takes the place of the considerable village which once existed.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 359 ※ SOURCE for Deh Khayr « A watercourse has been led down from the hill immediately above it to two large deep cisterns, some 20 feet deep by 8 in diameter. The surplus water was led off by a course built along the hillside; it could be traced winding away along the base of the hills for some 2 miles, and we were informed that originally it went as far as Deh Khayr, 7 miles distant. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 13 ※ SOURCE for Deh-i-Khair « Deh-i-Khair » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Deh Kharabeh Asef : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3053833 coordinate: lat 29.8509 long 52.5883 NIMA/GNS names: Asaf , Asef , Asefabad , Deh Kharabeh `Asef , Deh Kharabeh-ye `Asef , Deh-e Kharabeh-ye Asef , Kharabeh-ye Asaf , آصف آباد , VARIANT names: Agassef c. , Deh Kharabeh Asef , ※ SOURCE for Agassef c. « Continuing the journey, there was a karavansaray, and a little further there was another much better one, which had been built by the vizier or governor of Shiraz. It was very large and extraordinarily well-built, with room for 500 persons and their equipment, though its spacious rooms were infested with gnats. It was called Agassef. » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 74 Deh Kohneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3760596 coordinate: lat 29.472351 long 50.99524 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Kohneh , Deh Kuhneh , Deh-e Kohneh , Shabankareh , ده كهنه , شبانکاره , VARIANT names: Deh Kohneh , Deh Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060690 coordinate: lat 27.5958 long 53.0508 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Now , Dehnow `Alam Rudasht , Dehnow Allam Roodasht , ده نو , VARIANT names: Deh Now , Deh Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060698 coordinate: lat 28.8407 long 52.462 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Now , ده نو , VARIANT names: Deh Now , Deh Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060772 coordinate: lat 27.912377 long 53.526188 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Now , Deh Now-e Ganj , Deh Now-e Khonj , Deh Now-e Konj , Deh Now-ye Khonj , Dehnow Khanj , Dehnow-e Khonj , ده نو , ده نو خنج , ده نو گنج , دهنو خنج , VARIANT names: Deh Now , Deh Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060710 coordinate: lat 29.4458 long 52.6342 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Now , Deh-i-Nau , ده نو , VARIANT names: Deh Now , Deh-i-Nau , Dehinoo , Dehnoo , ※ SOURCE for Deh Now « 9th March) Deh-i-Nau, 4ifarsakhs ; 1 .20p.m. to 5.20 p.m. On the 9th of March I bade farewell to Dr. Odling's hospitable house, and started with five mules for Deh-i-Nau. ... We reached Deh-i-N"au an hour before sunset. It is a walled village of the type common in Persia four mud walls and four mud towers, one at each angle. The length of a side is about 100 yards. Entering by the eastern gate, through a long passage built over by upper rooms, » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 pp. 72-4 ※ SOURCE for Deh-i-Nau « 10th March, Kavar, 6 farsakhs ; 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. They unbarred the gates of Deh-i-Nau at six o'clock next morning, and drove their cattle afield » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 76 « 9th March, Deh-i-Nau, 4 farsakhs ; 1.20p.m. to 5.20 p.m. On the 9th of March I bade farewell to Dr. Odling's hospitable house, and started with five mules for Deh-i-Nau. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 72 ※ SOURCE for Dehinoo « Dehinoo » in {map#1233 Route Map Shiraz to Bushire round trip, TAYLOR R L Lieutenant-Colonel, 1858, British Library: IOR X/3125, route map 5} ※ SOURCE for Dehnoo « Cross a stream, which flows alongright for some distance, and at 3½ miles, pass village of Dehnoo, with trees andgardens off right. Here a cross road turns off to village. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 735 Deh Pain : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.860951 long 52.751345 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location as indicated in map VARIANT names: Deh Pain , ※ SOURCE for Deh Pain « Deh Pain » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad H-39W 1948} Deh Pa'in : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194413 coordinate: lat 28.766667 long 57.233333 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Pa'in , VARIANT names: Deh Pa'in , Deh Pish : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060812 coordinate: lat 28.1084 long 57.8323 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Pish , Deh Pish Sofla , Deh Pish Vosta , Deh Pish-e Pa'in , Shahrak-e Deh Pish , شهرك ده پیش , VARIANT names: Deh Pish , Deh Pish-e Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3756476 coordinate: lat 28.1072 long 57.8591 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Pish , Deh Pish-e Bala , ده پیش , VARIANT names: Deh Pish-e Bala , ※ SOURCE for Deh Pish-e Bala see ref1399 map Deh Qoli : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060821 coordinate: lat 30.133333 long 57.583333 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Qoli , Deh Quli , VARIANT names: Deh Qoli , Deh Rud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060832 coordinate: lat 29.030222 long 51.63128 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Rud , Dehrud-e `Olya , Dehrud-e Bala , Dehrud-e pa'in , دهرود بالا , دهرود علیا , VARIANT names: Deh Rud , Dehroot , ※ SOURCE for Deh Rud « DehRud » in {map#1139 Sketch Map of the River Mand or Kara-Aghatch, , , #1453 Ross, E. C., Notes on the River Mand, or Kara-Aghatch (The Sitakos of the Ancients) in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1883 (Dec.) New Monthly Series 5:12:712-6 ~} ※ SOURCE for Dehroot « 7, KALAMA-20 miles north-west by west-162 miles, 5 hours-40 hours. Road level and good for first 5 miles, then rather difficult in defile; thence to end of march good. Soil for the most part sand and gravel. Direction for 18 miles, north-west by north. Leave encamping ground, and at 14 miles a road turns off to right front, leading to Dehroot (about 16 miles off). » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 738 Deh Rud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060831 coordinate: lat 28.6134 long 52.5728 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Rud , Dow Rud , ده رود , VARIANT names: Deh Rud , Deh Shaikh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060860 coordinate: lat 29.634105 long 52.31717882 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Shaikh , Deh Sheykh , ده شیخ , VARIANT names: Deh Shaikh , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Deh Shaikh FOR Kala Mushir [Adamec], ※ SOURCE for Deh Shaikh « Deh Shaikh » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collectiofig. Shiraz-444-C} « DEH SHAIKΗ (1) ??ده شیخ?? 29-38 52-19 m. Elevation 5,450 feet. A village in Fars, 1 mile north of the road from Shiraz to Bushire and 21 miles west of the former town. It is also called Kaleh Mushir. The village has strong masonry walls and a grey mud fort. (Trotter, Stack; I.B., Q.M.G.; W.O., 1881, part 2; Newcomen, 1905.) » #3005 Ludwig W. Adamec, Historical gazetteer of Iran, Abadan and South Western Iran, Akademische Drucku, Verlagsanstalt, 1976-1989 ~ p. 214 « Deh Shakh (farm) » #3005 Ludwig W. Adamec, Historical gazetteer of Iran, Abadan and South Western Iran, Akademische Drucku, Verlagsanstalt, 1976-1989 ~ in map section III-38-A Deh Sheikh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060858 coordinate: lat 27.3005 long 53.2829 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Sheikh , Deh Sheykh , ده شیخ , VARIANT names: Deh Sheikh , Deh Shilau : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.671622 long 52.330244 Supplement: Deh Shilau and Shilau Valley are listed separately from Siraf, Shilau, Taheri to individual coordinates. VARIANT names: Deh Shilau , ※ SOURCE for Deh Shilau « Shilau » in {map#1032 Figure 5 The site [Siraf], , 1970, #1206 Whitehouse, David, Siraf: A Medieval Port on the Persian Gulf, World Archaeology, 1970 (Oct.) Urban Archaeology 2:2:141-58 ~} « Deh Shilau » in {map#1127 Fig. 2. Siraf. The western part of the city., , , #3004 David Whitehouse, Excavations at Sirāf: Sixth Interim Report, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1974 vol. 12:pp. 1-30 ~} « The key to understanding the history of the postmedieval settlement at Siraf is provided by Yaqut, who recorded that in his day it was known as Shilau. The name Deh-Shilau is still attached to part of the site, although no trace exists of the village "about four miles to the northwest of Taheri", that was known in the last century as Shila (Stiffe 1895: 172). » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 15 Deh Shurab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060882 coordinate: lat 33.776107 long 56.751274 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Shurab , Deh-e Shur , Deh-e Shurab , ده شور , VARIANT names: Deh Shurab , Dehak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061643 coordinate: lat 29.3911 long 52.6222 NIMA/GNS names: Dehak , Dehak-e Dowlatabad , Dowlat Abad-e Sarvestan , Dowlatabad , Dowlatabad Dehak , دهک دولت آباد , VARIANT names: Dehak , Dewlet-Abad , Doulutabad , ※ SOURCE for Dewlet-Abad « Laissant à gauche le village de Sefer-Abåd, nous nous portâmes sur celui de Dewlet-Abâd. Ce dernier, où nous passâmes la nuit, n'est composé que de soixante feux. Une eau courante, venant de Baba-Hadji, en arrose le territoire, qui pro- duit du blé, de l'orge et du riz. [Leaving the village of Sefer-Abåd on the left, we went to that of Dewlet-Abâd. The latter, where we spent the night, is composed of only sixty fires. Running water, coming from Baba-Hadji, irrigates the territory, which produces wheat, barley and rice.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 68 ※ SOURCE for Doulutabad « Doulutabad » in {map#1231 ‘Sketch of Lieut. Snodgrass’s Route from Bushire to Shiraz, via Feruzabad, A.D. 1810’, , , [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3118, in Qatar Digital Library} Dehang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060574 coordinate: lat 27.310139 long 54.65524 NIMA/GNS names: Dahun , Deh Hong , Dehang , Deh-e Hang , Deh-e Hong , Dehun , ده هنگ , دهنگ , VARIANT names: Dehang , Deh-Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.8659914836641 long 52.4284948734617 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Deh-Bala , ※ SOURCE for Deh-Bala « Au pied des collines, au sud-est, est celui de Deh-Bala, [At the foot of the hills, to the southeast, is that of Deh-Bala,] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 61 Dehbanu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060475 coordinate: lat 28.7168 long 53.1163 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Qanun , Dehbanu , Deh-e Qanun , ده قانون , VARIANT names: Dehbanu , Deh-Qanun , ※ SOURCE for Dehbanu « Dasht-i-Dal which is on the farther bank, is a small village. Thence the road is level for 2 miles up to the deserted village of Deh Banu. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 479 ※ SOURCE for Deh-Qanun « Deh-Qanun » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 12 : Maymand} Dehdasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060311 coordinate: lat 30.794901 long 50.564575 NIMA/GNS names: Dehdasht , Dehdast , Kuhgiluyeh , دهدست , دهدشت , VARIANT names: Dehdasht , ※ SOURCE for Dehdasht « Titel: Pataveh 1990 - Court type caravanserai at the road Esfahan - Yasudj - Dehdasht - Bebahan - Bandar-e Beylam » online reference link [accessed 11 Apr 2025] Dehdez : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060315 coordinate: lat 31.709603 long 50.28827 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Diz , Dehdaz , Dehdez , Deh-e Dez , دهدز , VARIANT names: Dehdez , Deh-i-Diz , ※ SOURCE for Deh-i-Diz « So we came to the village of Deh-i-Diz where there is a small fort. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 549 Deh-e Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 11844261 coordinate: lat 31.615159 long 54.125521 NIMA/GNS names: Deh-e Bala , ده بالا , VARIANT names: Deh-e Bala , Deh-e Da`va'i : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060144 coordinate: lat 29.8018 long 55.8948 NIMA/GNS names: Da`va'i , Dava'i , Deh-e Da`va'i , Deh-e Da`va'i , ده دوائی , دوائی , VARIANT names: Deh-e Da`va'i , Deh-e Dombeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059156 coordinate: lat 28.216667 long 53.733333 NIMA/GNS names: Damcheh , Deh Dumbeh , Deh-e Dombeh , VARIANT names: Deh Dombeh , Deh-e Dombeh , ※ SOURCE for Deh Dombeh « Deh Dombeh » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} Deh-e Gerdu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060565 coordinate: lat 31.212222 long 52.270556 Supplement: This NIMA/GNS data location should possibly be corrected to 6332m at bearing 205° at dah gardo. NIMA/GNS names: Deh Gardu , Deh Gerdu , Deh-e Gerdu , VARIANT names: Deh-e Gerdu , Deh-e Kuchek : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3768992 coordinate: lat 31.533333 long 55.9 NIMA/GNS names: Deh-e Kuchek , ده كوچك , VARIANT names: Deh-e Kuchek , Deh-e Malek : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRMQ UFI: 10880984 coordinate: lat 29.860171 long 57.758047 NIMA/GNS names: Deh-e Malek , ده ملک , VARIANT names: Deh-e Malek , Deh-e Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060743 coordinate: lat 33.45915 long 49.898903 NIMA/GNS names: Deh-e Now , Dehnow Japlogh , Shahrak-e Vali-ye `Asr , دهنو , دهنو جپلغ , شهرك ولئ عصر , VARIANT names: Deh-e Now , Dehnow , ※ SOURCE for Dehnow « Dehnow » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 3 Karte Irans, Ausschnitt der Regionen Teheran - Esfahan - Shiraz} Deh-e Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194394 coordinate: lat 30.232171 long 53.205981 NIMA/GNS names: Deh-e Now , Deh-i-Nau , Dehnow , Dehnow-e Konjak , دهنو , VARIANT names: Deh-e Now , Deh-e Now Bam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060460 coordinate: lat 34.370241 long 57.121281 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Now-e Bam , Deh-e Now Bam , Deh-e Now Band , Deh-i-Nauband , Dehnow , Dehnowvan , Dehnowvand , دهنو , دهنوون , دهنووند , VARIANT names: Deh-e Now Bam , Deh-e Sard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060499 coordinate: lat 28.679811 long 56.550466 NIMA/GNS names: Deh-e Sard , Deh-i-Sard , Dehsard , دهسرد , VARIANT names: Deh-e Sard , Deh-e Sheykh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060508 coordinate: lat 28.2785 long 56.2957 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Shaikh , Deh Sheikh Arzoo'eyeh , Deh Sheykh , Deh-e Sheykh , Deh-e Sheykh Arzu'iyeh , ده شیخ , VARIANT names: Deh-e Sheykh , Deh-e Shir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060513 coordinate: lat 31.5044 long 53.7791 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Shir Kohneh , Deh Shir-e Kohneh , Deh-e Shir , Deh-i-Shir , Dehshir , Dehshir Kohneh , ده شير كهنه , دهشير كهنه , VARIANT names: Deh-e Shir , Deisser , ※ SOURCE for Deisser « Quatro zornate più in là se attrova una villa nominata Deisser(332) et III. zornate di là un'altra villa nominata Taste, (333) da la qual caminando una zornata se trova lex, de la qual habbiamo assai parlato di sopra. fn. 332. Deisser = Dih-i Sar, villaggio situato 48 km. a nord-est di Abarqüh, sulla strada da Dihbid a Yazd. (Lo.)fn. 333. Taste. Sembra trattarsi di Taft, piccola città nel distretto montuoso di Shir-Küh, 40 km. a sud-ovest di Yazd. (Lo.) [Four kilometers further on is a village called Deisser (332) and III. kilometers from there is another village called Taste, (333) from which, walking one kilometer, is found lex, of which we have spoken at length above. fn. 332. Deisser = Dih-i Sar, a village located 48 km. north-east of Abarqüh, on the road from Dihbid to Yazd. (Lo.)fn. 333. Taste. It seems to be Taft, a small town in the mountainous district of Shir-Küh, 40 km. south-west of Yazd. (Lo.)] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 150 Dehga : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060550 coordinate: lat 28.4885 long 52.2583 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Gah , Dehga , دهگا , VARIANT names: Dehga , Dehhak imamzade : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.643819 long 54.694781 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location guessed on 12 kms VARIANT names: Dehhak imamzade , ※ SOURCE for Dehhak imamzade « 8 km östlich in dem Dorf Dehhak hat ein kleines aus Lehmziegeln erbautes Imamzade einen schönen Grab- stein aufzuweisen. Der Stein bildet in seiner äußeren Form einen Spitzbogen. Das von einem Rundstab umrahmte Mittelfeld ist bis auf die Darstellung einer herabhängenden Moscheelampe leer. Am Außenrand läuft eine Inschrift um den Stein. [8 km to the east in the village of Dehhak, a small imamzade built of mud bricks has a beautiful gravestone. The stone's outer shape is a pointed arch. The middle field, framed by a round rod, is empty except for the depiction of a dangling mosque lamp. An inscription runs around the outer edge of the stone.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 196 Deh-i Pain Garten : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.7683333333333 long 57.2166666666667 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Deh-i Pain Garten , ※ SOURCE for Deh-i Pain Garten « Breitenbestimmungen aus astronomischen Beobachtun- gen zwischen Kermån und Bender 'Abbas. Breite Länge Deh-i Pain, Garten 28 14 15 57 35 (letzteres nach der englischen Admiralitätskarte). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~ p. 351 Deh-i Schuturun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.021626 long 55.405939 Supplement: centre of five villages VARIANT names: Deh-i Schuturun , ※ SOURCE for Deh-i Schuturun « Deh-i Schuturun, which consists of five villages, Shibtel, Châtûnåbåd, Malek- åbåd, Fathåbåd and Soleimani. These villages, formerly the richest in the district of Schehr-i Båbek, are now dilapidated and inhabited by only a few families. The fields are full of weeds and thorn bushes, the garden walls lie on the ground, the ornithological bushes, most of the water canals are blocked. The ruin of these villages took place only a few years ago, because weak governors did not keep the Arab nomadic tribes belonging to the province of Fars in order. Nomads from Fars still visit these villages. » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~ p. 363 Dehi Sefiz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.2 long 53.533333 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dehi Sefiz , ※ SOURCE for Dehi Sefiz « Dehi Sefiz; Persia 28.12 N 53.32 E 31 Ef » #3168 Alexander Keith Johnston, Index Geographicus Being a List Alphabetically Arranged of the Principal Places on the Globe... and Their Latitudes and Longitudes, W. Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, 1864 ~ p. 158 Deh-i-Nau : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060689 coordinate: lat 27.4519 long 52.7364 NIMA/GNS names: Deh-i-Nau , Deh-i-Nau , Dehnow , دهنو , VARIANT names: Deh-i-Nau , Deneau , ※ SOURCE for Deneau « Deneau » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Dehistan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060522 coordinate: lat 28.4738 long 55.5697 NIMA/GNS names: Dehestan-e Bala , Dehistan , Hoseynabad , حسين آباد , دهستان بالا , VARIANT names: Dehistan , ※ SOURCE for Dehistan « 31st March, Dehistan, 5 farsakhs ; 7 a.m. to 2 p.m. Next day we descended the back of the mountains, down a long gently-sloping plateau, to a small half-brackish river which waters three small villages, with the help also of a qanat led from the northern heights. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 161 Dehkuh : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060625 coordinate: lat 27.8537 long 54.4237 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Kooyeh , Dehkuh , Dehkuyeh , دهکویه , VARIANT names: Däaku , Däaku (Deh-Kuh?) , Dacu , Dahkuh , Dakkah , De Kert (Delhi-Kourd) , Deachow (or Techoo) , Deh Kuh , Dehaccow , Dehacoe , Deh-ak-Kou , De-hakoe , Dehcohibibia , De-hi Kourd , Dehikoe , Dehko , Dehkuh , Dehkuyeh , Dehkūyeh , Deku , Diacoo , Dirkuh , K. Dehkuyeh , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Dehkuh FOR Achu [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Däaku « Erst aus dem Dorfe S ¼ Stunde, dann SO + S ½ Farsach, dann links SO+S ½ Farach, links ½ Stunde, wo links eine Tange ... ¼ Farsach. SO, ¼ Farsach, wo wir aus den Hügeln heraus kamen auf eine sehr hohe Ebene ... dann S ¼ Farsach zum Dorfe Däaku (Deh-Kuh ?). Liegt am Ende dieser am Berge ... Einen halben Farsach von diesem Dorfe war am Wege wie ein Reitpfahl aufgemasert, wo der Weg sich teilte und ein andrer links unter dem Gebirge abging nach Darab, welches 12 Far sach von hier liegt. Den Pfahl habe ein Kaufmann aufrichten lassen, als er die ganze Nacht hier gereist war und anstatt den Larschen den Darabschen Weg gegangen war. [First from the village S ¼ hour, then SE + S ½ Farsach, then left SE+S ½ Farach, left ½ hour, where on the left there is a tange... ¼ Farsach. SE, ¼ Farsach, where we came out of the hills onto a very high plain... then S ¼ Farsach to the village of Däaku (Deh-Kuh?). At the end of this lies on the mountain... Half a farsach from this village there was a riding post on the road where the path split and another went off to the left under the mountains to Darab, which is 12 farsach from here. A merchant had the post erected when he traveled here all night and went the Darab route instead of the Larschen.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 119 ※ SOURCE for Däaku (Deh-Kuh?) « Erst aus dem Dorfe S ¼ Stunde, dann SO + S ½ Farsach, dann links SO+S ½ Farach, links ½ Stunde, wo links eine Tange ... ¼ Farsach. SO, ¼ Farsach, wo wir aus den Hügeln heraus kamen auf eine sehr hohe Ebene... dann S ¼ Farsach zum Dorfe Däaku (Deh-Kuh ?). [First from the village S ¼ hour, then SE + S ½ Farsach, then left SE+S ½ Farach, left ½ hour, where on the left there is a tange... ¼ Farsach. SE, ¼ Farsach, where we came out of the hills onto a very high plain... then S ¼ Farsach to the village of Däaku (Deh-Kuh?). ] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 119 ※ SOURCE for Dacu « Il Venerdì primo d'Ottobre fatte 20. miglia di cammino per aridi monti, ci fermammo dopo ſette ore nel Karvan- ſerà di Pacurel; avendo laſciato cinque miglia prima il Karvanſerà, e Caſale di Dacu. [On the first Friday of October, having walked 20 miles across arid mountains, we stopped after seven hours in the Karvanſerà of Pacurel; having left five miles earlier the Karvanſerà, and Kaſale di Dacu.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 271 ※ SOURCE for Dahkuh « Dahkuh » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} « My muleteers mere all impressed by the governor, and on the second day we arrived at their village, Dah-Kuh, where I halted to let them cook food for the road. They were very anxious to stop and assist in gathering the harvest. » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 26 ※ SOURCE for Dakkah « , till the track emerges on to the little Dahkuh plain, an expanse of perfectly flat arable land some 2 miles square, hemel in by low hills, and drained by the ravine referred to above into the Kardah plain.From Dakkah a track diverge direct to Forg, the main road to Jahrum running northwest over vary stony ground for some 12 mile to Biris. Midway between Dahkah and Biris the track crosses the watershed dividing the Kurdah and Biris systems. Existing map are incorrect on this point. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 160 ※ SOURCE for De Kert (Delhi-Kourd) « Je les fisen dix heures, partie par des collines, où le che min n'est pourtant pas difficile, partie par desplaines. Après deux lieues de marche, on laissesur la gauche un village, nommé De Kert (Delhi Kourd), avec un grand caravanserai bâti à l'en trée; [I did them in ten hours, partly over hills, where the path is not difficult, partly over plains. After two leagues of walking, we leave on the left a village, called De Kert (Delhi Kourd), with a large caravanserai built at the entrance;] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 479 ※ SOURCE for Deachow (or Techoo) « The foureteenth day wee rode to Deachow (or Techoo) which fignifies a Towne under ahill; where we ſee many prettie Tombs, not any without his graveftone and an Arabick memoriall. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 129 ※ SOURCE for Deh Kuh « Onwards road is excellent, running over a level plain with a very hard surface. Deh Küh is reached after crossing small ridge which presents no obstacle. Deh Küh has a village and sarai and several birkehs. Fire- wood very scanty. Supplies negligible for a force more than a section strong. Camping ground excellent a large flat plain. Grazing very scanty. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 192 ※ SOURCE for Dehaccow « The foure and twentieth day of August, 1581. about noone I departed from Lar. And at Lar every summe of merchandise payeth at the passing out of the gate one Tanger, which is twelve Pull. And the five and twentieth day wee passed downe very high Mountaine; and the a same day passed by a Casal, called Dehaccow. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 460 ※ SOURCE for Dehacoe « Wy hielden ons verblyf in een ander dorp, Dehacoe genaamd. Daar is een redelyke Karrawantera benevens een oude vervallene, namen ons verblyf in een koſtelyk gebouw, over al met lof-werk, gevogelte, en inakery geſchilderd, en verguld, den Calenter aldaar toebehoorende, dig ons heerlyk onthaalde. [We stayed in another village called Dehacoe. There is a reasonable Karrawantera as well as an old dilapidated one, where we stayed in a beautiful building, all painted with praise, birds and inakery, and gilded, the Calenter belonging there, which welcomed us wonderfully.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 265 ※ SOURCE for Deh-ak-Kou « Arrivé à son extrémité, on marche pendant environ une heure entre des collines, avant de descendre dans une nou- velle vallée fort agréable. Sur la droite est le village de Deh-ak-Kou, qui paraît avoir été important autrefois. Au milieu d'une infinité de décombres, sont des plantations d'arbres, beaucoup de citernes, et un vaste caravansérail. [Having reached its extremity, we walk for about an hour between hills, before descending into a new and very pleasant valley. On the right is the village of Deh-ak-Kou, which appears to have been important in former times. In the midst of an infinity of ruins, are plantations of trees, many cisterns, and a vast caravanserai.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 446 ※ SOURCE for De-hakoe « Nous en partimes le lendemain avant jour,arrivámes à 10. heures à De-hakoe, beaugrand village, où il y a un bon Caravanfirai de pierre,beaucoup de palmiersd'autres arbres. Le conducteur des bêtes de charge nous y [We left there before daylight the next day, arriving at 10 o'clock at De-hakoe, a beautiful large village, where there is a good stone caravan park, many palm trees and other trees. The driver of the beasts of burden us there ] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 316 ※ SOURCE for Dehcohibibia « The 5th daye we traveled a very craggie and mountainous waye and full of turninges. This daye we cam [to] Dehcohibibia [Dihkuh], a litle poore towne lying vpon a craggi and poore playne. Here we picht, haueing traveled 2 1ges. Here likwise the water is good, but tanck water » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p. 82 ※ SOURCE for De-hi Kourd « about ſeven a Clock we paſſed by a Village called De-hi Kourd, where there is a Kervanʃeray: in that place are many Tamarisks, ſome Palm-Trees, and feveral Ciſterns. We left that Village on our Left Hand, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 130 ※ SOURCE for Dehikoe « Den 20. dito ten 2 uuren des 's nagts uyt Lhaar vertrokken zynde: quam zyn Ed: ten 7 uuren in het dorp Dehikoe [On the 20th of the same day, having left Lhaar at 2 o'clock in the morning, his Ed arrived at the village of Dehikoe at 7 o'clock.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273 « Den 30. dito na 3 mylen dito, in 't 't dorp Dehikoe. [The 30th after 3 miles ditto, in the village of Dehikoe.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Dehko « Persian text omitted. [In Dehko, there are approximately twenty ponds and a caravanserai in a defective castle, and there are houses and houses. The caravan sometimes stops in Korde and sometimes in Dehko.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 583 ※ SOURCE for Dehkuyeh « Folgt man von Kurdeh aus der Straße nach Norden, so erreicht man bei Km 36 den Ort Dehkuyeh mit dem auffallenden Shahzadeh Esmael. Fast alle europäischen Reisenden des 17. und. 18 Jhts. signalisieren für diesen Ort ein Karavanserail, welches sich aber nicht erhalten hat. In Dehkuyeh teilt sich die Straße nach Biris in Westen und Darab im Norden, [If you follow the road north from Kurdeh, at km 36 you reach the town of Dehkuyeh with the striking Shahzadeh Esmael. Almost all European travelers of the 17th and 18th century Signal a caravanserail for this place, which has not been preserved.In Dehkuyeh the road divides to Biris in the west and Darab in the north,] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ p. 4 « There I waited until the arrival of the others, and together we continued the trip. The night was pleasant because of the moon. At the seventh hour of the night we all rested in a caravanserai named Dehkuyeh, which was round in the shape of a theater. Inside it had arches like the others, and it also had two rather cool rooms on top of the portal.(19) fn. 19 Dehkuyeh is 36 km north of Lar. More likely, the caravanserai was octagonal. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 295 ※ SOURCE for Dehkūyeh « The rest, after escaping from that terrible passage and traveling on level ground, finally arrived, with most of the caravan, in a small town consisting of just a few houses, called Dehkūyeh, next to which there was a caravanserai in partial ruins—it would be impossible for anyone to seek shelter there—and so everyone made themselves as comfortable as possible in the [fol. 212r] open air amid the cargo, the Ambassador climbing into his litter to rest a while. »#2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 316 ※ SOURCE for Deku « Durch Satalck, Deku, Schirafir, und andere gemeine Flecken und Städtgen kamen wir gegen den 7. Octobris zu Lar an. [Through Satalck, Deku, Shirafir, and other small towns and villages, we arrived at Lar about the 7th of October.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 265 ※ SOURCE for Diacoo « 27th February]. About 5 sett out for Diacoo, 9 farsangs; the 1[st] farsang bad way, the other 2 good till you come to a Radeler house 3 farsangs more very bad way. Went over a great many mountains, goeing up hill and down till come to Beris about 1 in the morning. Beris is a very good caravensaroy and a good village; lay there till morning and went to Discoo, 3 farsangs more; good way, very good caravensaroy and good village. note: Diary of 27 February 1707/8. Diacoo. Dihakû. The Deachow (or Techoo) of Herbert (p. 129), the Deh-hi-Kourd of Thévenot (Pt. II, 129), the De-hakoo and Dekoe of Le Bruyn (II, 68, 134), and the Dehi-Koh of D'Anville's map. Radeler house. Customs station, where was a râhdar, customs officer. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 43 and 48 ※ SOURCE for Dirkuh « (27) Dirkuh [? sic) a farsakhs. After there are many ab-anbars, and another cistern a leagues from Lar. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 notes ※ SOURCE for K. Dehkuyeh « Karavanserail Dehkuyeh (Abb. 5)Lage: 15 km südöstlich von Beriz, 9 km nördlich Kur deb, an der Straffe von Djahrom nach Lar. Das Karavanserail ist vollständig zerstört und abgeräumt [Karavanserail Dehkuyeh (Fig. 5)Location: 15 km southeast of Beriz, 9 km north of Kur deb, on the strait from Djahrom to Lar. The caravanserail is completely destroyed and cleared away. ] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 128 Dehkuh Serai + cisterns : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.855468 long 54.414305 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: 1 cistern at 154m heading 19° and 2nd dome 66m at heading 259° VARIANT names: Decou , Dehkuh Serai + cisterns , ※ SOURCE for Decou « ook soo heet, ter regtersijde leggen en quamen ten een uren naarmiddagh in 't dorp Decou (1), vijff mijlen van Lhaar, daer in de carewansera te rusten bleven.fn. 1 Deh-i-Koh dorp aan berg. De Simla kaart heeft Dahkuh. Chardin schrijft het onnauwkeurig De Kert en de Bruyn De Bakou. De meeste reizigers (Fryer, Tavernier, Thévenot) nemen hun verblijf te Paï Kotel voel van den bergpas), gelegen tusschen Kürdeh en Deh-i-Küh. Fryar vindt er een nieuwe fraaie karavanserai. [also so hot, laid it on the right side and met an hour into the afternoon in the village of Decou (1), five miles from Lhaar, where they rested in the carewansera. fn. 1 Deh-i-Koh village on mountain. The Simla card has Dahkuh. Chardin writes it inaccurately De Kert and de Bruyn De Bakou. Most travelers (Fryer, Tavernier, Thévenot) stay at Paï Kotel feel of the mountain pass), located between Kürdeh and Deh-i-Küh. Fryar finds a new beautiful caravanserai there.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 56 ※ SOURCE for Dehkuh Serai + cisterns « Dehkuh Serai + cisterns » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} Dehliz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3784322 coordinate: lat 33.150406 long 48.094084 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Liz , Dehlich , Dehliz , ده ليز , دهلیچ , دهلیز , VARIANT names: Dehliz , Deliz pass , ※ SOURCE for Deliz pass « From Khorremabad to Dizful there are three caravan routes, but only two of those would be available for the construction of the road, as the direct route passing over the Kialan mountains is much too difficult to be thought of.Route No. 1, marked on map, passes along the direct route as far as Deliz Pass, and from that poins strikes away to the west to avoid the Kialan mountains, while route No. 2 takes a western course from Khorremabad, and joins route marked No. 1 at point A on plan. On route No. I three small bridges would be required to be built, the first near Shahinshah, the second between Shimish and Nasrabad, and the third between Nasrabad and Deliz; and on route No. 2 three large bridges would require to be built at Pul-i-Keshkou, Madian-Rud and Pul-i-Dokhter, while from point A on map to Dizful two bridges would be required, one over the Leilum, and one over the Fani. The bridge across the Ab-i-Zal is in a fairly good condition. Traffic might be carried on by route No. 1 without any bridge work at all, but it would be with much difficulty that carts could ford the rivers on route No. 2. » #3531 Correspondence, Printed Papers and Newspaper Cuttings Relating to the Persian Bank Mining Rights Corporation Ltd, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/71, in Qatar Digital Library, 1889-92 ~ p. 549/588 Deh-Menâr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.551306 long 53.587522 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Deh-Menâr , ※ SOURCE for Deh-Menâr « 1 Farsach weiter zu einem Dorf Deh-Menâr, nahe bei einem Turm von Feldsteinen, ziemlich dick und hoch wie ein Wachtturm. Links waren Traubengärten, mit einigen Palmbäumen besetzt, genannt Bachhrabad. [1 Farsach continued to a village Deh-Menâr, near a tower of field stones, rather thick and high like a watchtower. On the left were grape gardens, interspersed with some palm trees, called Bachhrabad.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher Engelbert Kaempfers, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 114 Dehnow : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013443 coordinate: lat 32.73049 long 51.569368 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Now , Dehnow , دهنو , VARIANT names: Deh Nau , Dehnow , ※ SOURCE for Deh Nau « At 7¾ miles, a quarter of a mile to the left, is the village of Deh Nau. Here 30 acres of land are being laid out in melon beds. The malial amounts to: cash 4,200 tumans, wheat 800 Kharwars, barley 400 kharwars, kah (corn stalk used as fodder) 800 kharwars. There are 400 houses; about 1,500 sheep and 300 mules and donkeys. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 234 Dehra Desert Mosque : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.995915 long 54.173803 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: in google maps, not confirmed VARIANT names: Dehra Desert Mosque , Dehram : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060824 coordinate: lat 28.4919 long 52.3048 NIMA/GNS names: Dehram , دهرم , VARIANT names: Deh Ram , Dehram , Dehran , ※ SOURCE for Deh Ram « 5 Deh Ram 25 m. A difficult track, and steep ascent over high passes. Supplies in small quantity available. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 173 ※ SOURCE for Dehram « Vers le nord-ouest se voit indistinctement une agglomération qui est celle de Dehram, situé à 6 kilomètres d'Ahmedabad (77, P. 254). fn. 77. Dehram. Dans le Fars on apprend que Dehram compte 500 familles et est le chef-lieu de Mahaleh-Arbaé (la région à quatre divisions) dont les sub- divisions sont Dehram, Dehroud, Roud-Bal et Hendjam (Hengam), tous, sauf le dernier, ignorés par ma carte; la dernière édition de la carte de l'Inde a cependant un Rudbar à l'est de “Deh Bin”. Demorgny résume les faits relatifs au bolouk de Maballé-Arbaé, l'un des 15 districts du velayet (province) Qachqai, ainsi: Climar chaud, région forestière, céréales, coton, tabac, riz, oranges et datres. Population 7000 habitants. Chef-lieu gassabeh (bourg) Dehram. Impôts 3255 tomans. Demorgny énumère aussi les 18 villages des quatre régions mentionnées ci-dessus; on en retrouve trois sur les cartes anglaises: Hengam (Hangam, Hangan), Roud-Bal (Roubar, Rudbar) et Chahid (Emamzadeh-Chahid). [Towards the northwest, an urban area can be seen indistinctly: Dehram, located 6 kilometers from Ahmedabad (77, P. 254). fn. 77. Dehram. In Fars we learn that Dehram has 500 families and is the capital of Mahaleh-Arbaé (the region with four divisions) whose sub-divisions are Dehram, Dehroud, Roud-Bal and Hendjam (Hengam), all except the last, ignored by my card; the latest edition of the map of India however has a Rudbar east of “Deh Bin”. Demorgny summarizes the facts relating to the bolouk of Maballé-Arbaé, one of the 15 districts of the Qachqai velayet (province), as follows: Hot climate, forest region, cereals, cotton, tobacco, rice, oranges and dates. Population 7000 inhabitants. Chief town gassabeh (town) Dehram. Taxes 3255 tomans. Demorgny also lists the 18 villages in the four regions mentioned above; we find three on English maps: Hengam (Hangam, Hangan), Roud-Bal (Roubar, Rudbar) and Chahid (Emamzadeh-Chahid). ] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 142 ※ SOURCE for Dehran « Dèhrân » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 492 Dehu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060431 coordinate: lat 29.532356 long 54.373229 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Moshkan , Deh-e Moshgan , Deh-e Moshkan , Dehu , دهو , VARIANT names: Dehu , Duhu , ※ SOURCE for Duhu « Our march of some 24 miles on April 17th lay, after passing Duhu, a deserted hamlet, along a great flat basin without a single habitation or cultivated patch of ground. Plentiful low scrub and fresh sprouting grass would offer here in the summer an extensive grazing-ground for Khamseh tribes from the south. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 205 Dehun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060574 coordinate: lat 27.310139 long 54.65524 NIMA/GNS names: Dahun , Deh Hong , Dehang , Deh-e Hang , Deh-e Hong , Dehun , ده هنگ , دهنگ , VARIANT names: Dehun , ※ SOURCE for Dehun « Dehun » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} « At 5¾ miles enter the village of Dehun. One hundred inhabitants. Supplies little or none. At 7 miles cross a broad shallow sandy nullah; then on to the village of Tooderoo. Distance, 8 miles. Time, 3 hours 28 minutes. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. Dehyur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 111398 coordinate: lat 31.24866 long 49.6512 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Yur , Dehyur , ده یور , دهیور , VARIANT names: Deh Ure , Dehyur , ※ SOURCE for Deh Ure « The plain is exceedingly fertile, but was ill-cultivated. The chief of the tribe which inhabited it, one Abd'ullah Khan, lived in the small castle of Deh Ure. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 463 Dehzak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013440 coordinate: lat 32.089167 long 51.011667 NIMA/GNS names: Dehzak , Dezak , دزك , دهزك , دهزك , VARIANT names: Dehzak , Dizzak , ※ SOURCE for Dizzak « It was in one of these boasting a balakhaneh that I was quartered by the Kedkhoda or mayor of Dehkord, for whom I held a letter from the Bakhtiari Khan. There I first established myself and passed most of the time of my stay in Dehkord. But this was a mere pied-à-terre or jumping off place, for my duties led me to radiate from here north, south, east and west, visiting the families and retainers of the various Bakhtiari Khans in their homes. Ardal, Shalamzar, Djunaghan, Dizzak, and many others all lay within my district. » #3561 Elizabeth N, Macbean Ross, A Lady Doctor In Bakhtiari Land, Leonard Parsons Ltd., London, 1921 ~ p. 23 Dehzake : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3373970 coordinate: lat 32.1547222 long 61.5647222 NIMA/GNS names: Dehzake , Dehzak-e Sofla , Dehzake Sufla , VARIANT names: Dehzake , Delbar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060996 coordinate: lat 28.7626 long 51.0697 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Delvar , Del Vaz , Delbar , Delvar , Dilba , Dilbar , Dirbak , بندر دلوار , دل واز , دلبار , دلوار , VARIANT names: Delbar , Delvar , Tanguestan , Tenghistoûn , ※ SOURCE for Delvar « Il ne reste maintenant que 2 kilomètres nous séparant de Delvar et à 1 heure et demie nous y arrivons tous ensemble.Pendant l'autre grande guerre, ce village eut à souffrir cruellement par suite de la bravoure de ses habitants. Pour se venger de la défaite infligée à Bouchir par les hommes de Delvar, sous leur chef Raïs Ali, les Anglais décidèrent de leur donner une leçon. Des troupes furent débarqées en août 1915 pour détruire les palmeraies et, sous le feu des canonnières ils en avaient amené quatre à Bouchir les deux villages, dont se composait alors Delvar (le vieux et le nou- veau), furent rasés et les plantations saccagées. Cependant, ici aussi les intrus devaient essuyer une défaite, car C. Sykes dit qu'ils s'en- fuirent, laissant de 60 à 70 morts. Avant cet exploit la population de Delvar était de 700 habitants (Vadala) (8, p. 193).Le village que je visite maintenant, construit loin du bord de la mer, est assez grand, renferme peut-être 500 habitants et possède un bon nombre de maisons bien bâties; il y a des arbres, et, ce dont on m'avait déjà informé, une citerne d'eau douce qui ne date que d'un an. C'est une grande construction souterraine en béton, recouverte par des planches, contenant de l'eau de pluie qu'on dit très bonne, mais dans laquelle les larves de Culex sont un peu trop nombreuses à mon goût. il y a aussI des puits profonds dont l'eau est saumâtre. [There are now only 2 kilometres separating us from Delvar and in 1 hour and a half we all arrive there together.During the other great war, this village had to suffer cruelly because of the bravery of its inhabitants. In revenge for the defeat inflicted at Bouchir by the men of Delvar, under their leader Raïs Ali, the English decided to teach them a lesson. Troops were landed in August 1915 to destroy the palm groves and, under the fire of the gunboats they had brought four of them to Bouchir the two villages, of which Delvar was then composed (the old and the new), were razed and the plantations ransacked. However, here too the intruders were to suffer a defeat, for C. Sykes says that they fled, leaving 60 to 70 dead. Before this exploit the population of Delvar was 700 (Vadala) (8, p. 193).The village which I now visit, built far from the sea-shore, is quite large, containing perhaps 500 inhabitants, and has a good number of well-built houses; there are trees, and, as I had already been informed, a fresh-water cistern which is only a year old. It is a large underground construction of concrete, covered with boards, containing rain-water which is said to be very good, but in which the Culex larvae are a little too numerous for my taste. There are also deep wells whose water is brackish.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. ※ SOURCE for Tanguestan « Village on forteresse de Tanguestan. Jusqu'au début du XX siècle il y avait au sud de Bouchir, près du bord de la mer, un village fortifié dont le nom s'est conservé et qui désigne actuellement la région entière, celle du Tanguestan (le pays des défilés). Dupré en 1808 parle du village de Tenghistoun au sud-est de la ville de Bouchir à une demi-farseng de la mer, environné de murs flanqués de tours rondes village qui «paraît avoir été bâti récemment. Buckingham fait mention de Tanguescer (ou Tanguistan) qui, selon lui, pourrait correspondre à la ville de Gilla, et Berghaus (1832) montre sur sa carte un Tankesir, sur la route à l'est de Gilla. Dans la description anonyme de la province de Fars il est également question de la forteresse de Tanguestan comme il a déjà été rappelé. Demorgny, en 1913, fait mention du qassabeh de Tinguestan, le chef- lieu du bolouk du même nom, l'un des cantons de la province du Dechte- stan. Si je ne me trompe, il s'agissait de ce qui est appelé actuellement le vieux Delvar. [Village or fortress of Tanguestan. Until the beginning of the 20th century there was south of Bouchir, near the seaside, a fortified village whose name has been preserved and which currently designates the entire region, that of Tanguestan (the country of defiles). Dupré in 1808 speaks of the village of Tenghistoun to the south-east of the city of Bouchir at half a farseng from the sea, surrounded by walls flanked by round towers, a village which "appears to have been built recently. Buckingham mentions Tanguescer (or Tanguistan) which, according to him, could correspond to the city of Gilla, and Berghaus (1832) shows on his map a Tankesir, on the road to the east of Gilla. In the anonymous description of the province of Fars there is also mention of the fortress of Tanguestan as has already been recalled. Demorgny, in 1913, mentions the qassabeh of Tinguestan, the chief town of the bolouk of the same name, one of the cantons of the province of Dechtestan. If I am not mistaken, this was what is currently called old Delvar.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 269 ※ SOURCE for Tenghistoûn « Nous dirigions nos pas vers le S. E. Des champs culti- vés et plantés de palmiers bordent la route aux approches de Tenghistoûn, où nous pas sames la nuit.Ce village, à une demi-farseng de la mer, est environné de murs flanqués de tours rondes, et paraît avoir été bâti récemment. Il est en- touré d'un fossé profond, mais étroit, dans lequel, du côté de l'ouest, sont quelques plants de jeunes palmiers. Pour pénétrer dans ce village, il faut passer un pont de terre soutenu par des poutres. A l'entrée sont deux petits canons forgés à froid, montés sur des affûts sans roues. [We were heading towards the S. E. Cultivated fields planted with palm trees border the road as we approach Tenghistoûn, where we spent the night.This village, half a farseng from the sea, is surrounded by walls flanked by round towers, and appears to have been built recently. It is surrounded by a deep but narrow moat, in which, on the west side, are some young palm plants. To enter this village, one must cross an earth bridge supported by beams. At the entrance are two small cold-forged cannons, mounted on carriages without wheels.] » #3256 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Gazetteer of Persia Vol. IV, Printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1892 ~ vol. 2 p. 53 Delijan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060975 coordinate: lat 33.9905 long 50.6838 NIMA/GNS names: Dalijan , Delijan , Dilijan , دليجان , VARIANT names: Delijan , Delli Abbas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3102640 coordinate: lat 34.07 long 44.8613889 NIMA/GNS names: Al Mansuriyah , Dalli `Abbas , Delli Abbas , VARIANT names: Delli Abbas , ※ SOURCE for Delli Abbas « Delli Abbas » in {map#1329 Persia with part of the Ottoman Empire, Walker, John, 1831, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 11298.018} Demaghah-i-gora fort : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.480225 long 53.033997 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Demaghah-i-gora fort , ※ SOURCE for Demaghah-i-gora fort « The first day of our halt was spent in examining some old remains reported in the close vicinity of Warawi. The first to be visited was the ruined fort known as Demaghah-i-göra, situated on the shoulder of a precipitous limestone spur which descends from the Koh-i-Zalimi range about 1 miles to the north-west of Warawi. ... The ruined fort, which tradition, as the word göra (i.e. gabrba) in the name shows, ascribes to pre-Muhammadan times, is situated at an elevation of about 200 feet above the foot of the narrow rocky spur where this forms a small terrace flanked by precipitous cliffs. The walls, all built with rough blocks of locally quarried limestone, form an irregular quadrangle and are very badly decayed. The longest face, which runs north-east and south-west, measures about 180 feet and appears to have been protected by a bastion near the southern corner. A somewhat larger bastion at the northern extremity of the circumvalla- tion guards approach from the very narrow neck of the spur. The scanty pot- sherds comprised coarse red and dark-brown ware, all plain, with a few green glazed pieces, no definite chronological indication being afforded by them. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 227-8 Demavend Kuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PK UFI: -3059148 coordinate: lat 35.955082 long 52.110049 NIMA/GNS names: Damavand , Demavend , Demavend Kuh , Kuh-e Damavand , Mount Damavand , Mount Demavend , دماوند , دموند , كوه دماوند , VARIANT names: Demavend Kuh , Demilu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061472 coordinate: lat 27.1809 long 55.8304 NIMA/GNS names: Damiloo , Demilu , Domilu , دميلو , دميلو , VARIANT names: Demilu , NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.095 long 62.106 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Dendrobosa , ※ SOURCE for Dendrobosa #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ Indica 27.3 Denian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059232 coordinate: lat 28.512844 long 53.767702 NIMA/GNS names: Danian , Danyan , Denian , Denyan , دنیان , VARIANT names: Dehuion , Denia , Denian , ※ SOURCE for Dehuion « The 30th daye being Sundaye and St. Andrewes dide we set forward, and came by a towne named Dehuion [Dehnii'in], a litle towne vpon the top of a hill. Here we broke our fast wth dates and clarified butter and chese. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 80 ※ SOURCE for Denia « On the right side of the road, less than a quarter [fol. 220v] of a league away, there came into view a refreshingly cool town that was surrounded by palm trees and gardens full of pomegranate, orange, and citron trees. According to Friar Manuel del Populo and others who went out to see it, it was most delightful and full of good houses, as far as the houses in this land go. When they asked for the name of the town, they were told it was called Denia; » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 327 « On the left Hand going from Guin lies a Village call'd Denia, full of fair Houses. » #3302 Ogilby, John, Asia. The first part being an accurate description of Persia, and the several provinces thereof : ..., Printed by the author at his house in White-friers, London, 1673 ~ p. 7 Der Gewölbebau von Pataq : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.414785 long 46.003965 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Der Gewölbebau von Pataq , ※ SOURCE for Der Gewölbebau von Pataq « Der Gewölbebau von Pataq (Taf. 11,1) (Abb. 121 und 129)(95)Lage: An der Karawanenstraße von Sarpol-e Zohab nach Kerind (Baghdad - Teheran) am Fuße des Anstiegs bei Taq-e Gireh (96), südöstlich von Sarpol-e Zohab.Typ: Langrechteckiger Bau aus Korridoren (Taf. 11,2.3) und zellenartigen Räumen, tonnengewölbt (Parabelbogen) mit zerstörter Fortsetzung nach Südosten.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 63 × 35 m.Baumaterialien: Bruchsteinmauerwerk.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Das Gebäude istan den Schmalseiten besonders stark zerstört. Obwohl keine Treppenanlagen erkennbar sind, kann der vorliegende Mau-erbefund als Substruktionsgeschoß angesehen werden.Der Bau wird von der einheimischen Bevölkerung als >>Shah Abbasi bezeichnet. Zumindest in Weiterbenutzung fn. 95 AMI N. F. 7, 1974, 232 ff. Der Bau wurde am 8. 3. 1973 vermessen.fn. 96 H. von Gall, AMI N. F. 4, 1971, 2221. [The Vaulted Building of Pataq (Plate 11,1) (Figs. 121 and 129) (95)Location: On the caravan route from Sarpol-e Zohab to Kerind (Baghdad - Tehran) at the foot of the climb near Taq-e Gireh (96), southeast of Sarpol-e Zohab.Type: Long rectangular building consisting of corridors (Plate 11,2.3) and cell-like rooms, barrel-vaulted (parabolic arch) with a destroyed extension to the southeast.Dimensions: External dimensions 63 × 35 m.Building materials: Rubble masonry.Structural features and condition: The building isparticularly badly damaged on its narrow sides. Although no staircases are visible, the existing wall remains can be considered a substructure.The building is referred to by the local population as "Shah Abbasi". At least in continued usefn. 95 AMI N. F. 7, 1974, 232 ff. The building was surveyed on March 8, 1973.fn. 96 H. von Gall, AMI N. F. 4, 1971, 2221.] » #3474 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1996 Band 2:Teil 1: ~ pp. 77-8 Derahi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.432594 long 54.979009 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Deh Rahi , Derahi , ※ SOURCE for Deh Rahi « At 10 miles the plain of Deh Rahi, level and stony, and about one mile broad, is passed. At 10 miles, the bed of the Hajamal is crossed; at this point it is dry and stony. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 168 ※ SOURCE for Derahi « . We are now clear of the defile, and the road, trending S. S. E., erosses for 5 furlongs an open and fairly level space, a mile or so in diameter, surrounded by low hills. This place is named " Derahi." » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 29 « Derahi » in {map#1241 in #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ fig. 'Skecth Map to Illustrate Report of Mr. Butcher's Survey from Bushire to Bandar-Abbas During 1888} Derakhtengan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.488807 long 57.296755 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: from g maps VARIANT names: Derakhtengan , Deris : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061058 coordinate: lat 29.685542 long 51.579956 NIMA/GNS names: Deris , Pir Deriz , Pir-i-Diriz , دریس , VARIANT names: Deris , Derrees , ※ SOURCE for Deris « During the first part of this dais journey, the road exhibited such numerous remains of houses, that Cazerúm, connected on the other side with Deris, by the series of buildings still visible in ruins, might be said, with its gardens, to have once occupied a line of eight or nine miles. » #2876 William Ouseley, Travels in Various Countries of the East, More Particularly Persia Vol. 1, Rodwell and Martin, London, 1819, ~ vol. 1 p. 302 « He extended his sway north and south and took the Rahdar caravanserai and the Tang-e Torkan, thus commanding the main road to Kazerun. His Kashkuli rival, Mohammad Khan, had similar ambitions regarding villages in Kamarej and Khesht and tried to take Deris near Kazerun. » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 165 ※ SOURCE for Derrees « Derrees » in {map#1161 Route of H.M. Mission through Persia on 1809, , , #3070 James Justinian Morier, A Journey Through Persia, Armenia, and Asia Minor, to Constantinople, in the Years 1808 and 1809, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 1812 ~} DerTenghi Cebar Rud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.96908 long 55.991137 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: the confluence of Rud-e Sang Zagh, Rudkhaneh-ye Sardar and others not named VARIANT names: DerTenghi Cebar Rud , ※ SOURCE for DerTenghi Cebar Rud « Two Leagues from Pelengon you come to a narrow way between the Mountains, in the Persian Tongue call'd DerTenghi Cebar Rud, that is, The narrow Gate of four Streams; because in Rainy Weather four greatCurrents, which come from several Places, unite their Waters there. » #3302 Ogilby, John, Asia. The first part being an accurate description of Persia, and the several provinces thereof : ..., Printed by the author at his house in White-friers, London, 1673 ~ p. 7 Derwaza Sadi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.612509 long 52.553614 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bab-i Sa'adat , D. Sa'di , Derwaza Sadi , Sa'adat gate , ※ SOURCE for Bab-i Sa'adat « Bab-i Sa'adat » in {map#1282 in #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ fig. map 1 Map of Medieval Shiraz based on textual sources} ※ SOURCE for D. Sa'di « D. Sa'di » in {map#1271 in #3003 John R. Perry, Karim Khan Zand A History of Iran, 1747-1779, University of Chicago Press, Chicago:London, 2015 ~ fig. Fig. 3 Shiraz under Karim Khan} ※ SOURCE for Derwaza Sadi « The city of Shirauz has fix gates, of which the following are the names: I ft, Derwaza Bag Shah; 2d, Derwaza Shah Meerza Hamza; 3d, Derwaza Sadi, fo called from its leading to the tomb of that celebrated poet ; 4th, Derwaza Cuffub Khana, adjoining to the flefh market; 5th, Derwaza Shadaje; 6th, Derwaza Kazeroon, » #3277 Francklin, William, Observations made on a tour from Bengal to Persia, in the years 1786-7; with a short account of the remains of the celebrated palace of Persepolis and other interesting events, Stuart and Cooper, Calcutta, 1788 ~ p. 22 ※ SOURCE for Sa'adat gate « According to Mostowfi, in 1340 Shiraz had nine gates. (11)... Sa'adat Gate: location unknown. fn. 11 Nozhat al-Golub p. 113. » #3194 John W. Limbert, Shiraz in the Age of Hafez The Glory of a Medieval Persian City, University of Washington Press, 2004 ~ p. 53 Derwaza Shadaie : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.602012 long 52.542524 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bab Salm , D. Shahda'i , Derwaza Shadaie , Salam or Salm gate , ※ SOURCE for Bab Salm « Bab Salm » in {map#1282 in #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ fig. map 1 Map of Medieval Shiraz based on textual sources} ※ SOURCE for D. Shahda'i « D. Shahda'i » in {map#1271 in #3003 John R. Perry, Karim Khan Zand A History of Iran, 1747-1779, University of Chicago Press, Chicago:London, 2015 ~ fig. Fig. 3 Shiraz under Karim Khan} ※ SOURCE for Derwaza Shadaie « The city of Shirauz has fix gates, of which the following are the names: I ft, Derwaza Bag Shah; 2d, Derwaza Shah Meerza Hamza; 3d, Derwaza Sadi, fo called from its leading to the tomb of that celebrated poet ; 4th, Derwaza Cuffub Khana, adjoining to the flefh market; 5th, Derwaza Shadaje; 6th, Derwaza Kazeroon, » #3277 Francklin, William, Observations made on a tour from Bengal to Persia, in the years 1786-7; with a short account of the remains of the celebrated palace of Persepolis and other interesting events, Stuart and Cooper, Calcutta, 1788 ~ p. 22 ※ SOURCE for Salam or Salm gate « According to Mostowfi, in 1340 Shiraz had nine gates. (11)... Salam or Salm Gate: on the south side of the city opposite the Dar al-Salam cemetery. In 1972 this area was called the Shah Dai Gate. fn. 11 Nozhat al-Golub p. 113. » #3194 John W. Limbert, Shiraz in the Age of Hafez The Glory of a Medieval Persian City, University of Washington Press, 2004 ~ p. 53 Deyhuk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061080 coordinate: lat 33.293987 long 57.518591 NIMA/GNS names: Deyhuk , Dohak , Duhak , Duhuk , دیهوک , VARIANT names: Dehuge , Deyhuk , Gala Degu , ※ SOURCE for Dehuge « The 27th we came to Dehuge, [Teuke,] where is a considerable stream of hot water, which becomes cool and pleasant after standing some time in any vessel. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 215 ※ SOURCE for Gala Degu « Den 19. Augufti trat ich in mein 24. Jahr/ und feyrete an der Gala Degu, bey so gutem aus einem Felsen sprin genden Wasser/als ichs iemahls getruncken/auch wohl niemahls mehr trincken werde/desselben Gedächtnis. [On August 19th I entered my 24th year and celebrated at the Gala Degu, with such good water springing from a rock as I have ever drunk and will probably never drink again, in memory of that.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 65 dezh farmandehi jashehar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.735416 long 53.716123 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Jashahr Command Fortress د? فرماندهی جاشهر VARIANT names: dezh farmandehi jashehar , Dezh Gah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061768 coordinate: lat 28.163 long 52.2538 NIMA/GNS names: Dezh Gah , Dozgah , د? گاه , VARIANT names: Dezgah , Dezh Gah , Dezhgah , Dizgah , Duzdagh , Duzdgah , ※ SOURCE for Dezgah « A 8 heures nous sommes prêts à partir. De Dar ol-Mizan à Dezgah (prononcé Dozgah) il y a deux chemins, l'un suivant la vallée, l'autre, qui serait plus court. par Kourdeh »#3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 122 ※ SOURCE for Dezhgah « Siraf; (2) to Galehdar concentrating on the western end of this long valley; (3) further examination of the Jam valley and the routes to the west and north as far as the valley of Dezhgah. » #3160 Donald Whitcomb, Archaeological Surveys in the Highlands behind Siraf, in: , Proceedings of the Intemational Congress of Siraf Port, Bushehr Branch of Iranology Foundation, Bushehr, Iran, 2005, pp. 94-108 ~ pp. 94-5 ※ SOURCE for Dizgah « Dizgah » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} ※ SOURCE for Duzdagh « Där-ul-Mizan whose old name is Dehgah has an ancient fort. Tracks diverge to Kürdeh and Garmusht each direct, also to 'Alämarvdasht and Galehdär E. and Duzdāgh W. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Duzdgah « ROUTE NO 33-contd. PAS RUDAK (DUZDGA). 20 m. General direction E. by S. The track, which from Ab-i-Nilü to Bunbid ... » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 171 dezh nezami jashehar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.732193 long 53.719288 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Jashahr Military Fortress د? نظامی جاشهر VARIANT names: dezh nezami jashehar , Dézh-i-gumbadan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.886523 long 54.193402 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dézh-i-gumbadan , Habs-i Isfandipur , Habs-i-Isfandiyar , ※ SOURCE for Dézh-i-gumbadan « Before, however, he set out I used the first day of our halt at Dogan fora survey of the mountain stronghold, famous in this part of Fårs by the nameof Dézh-i-gumbadan or Habs-i-Isfandiyar, 'the prison of Isfandiyar'. Locallegend has identified it with the story of the captivity of Isfandiyar, one ofthe great legendary heroes of Firdausi's Shahnameh. The great rockyeminence, flat on top and girt with wall-like cliffs, was clearly within viewfrom Dogan, situated at an elevation of 4,650 ft. An ascent of some 5 miles in a boulder-filled fairly open ravine to the NE. brought us to the rocky crest of a spur along which lies the approach to the eastern extremity of the natural fastness and to the only point where its top can be gained. Skirting the steep debris-strewn slope of a detached hillock and then scaling from the south the precipitous narrow ridge connecting it with the fastness, we arrived at the foot of a narrow fissure. It has been cut by erosion into the perpendicular walls of stratified limestone, 120 to 150 ft. in height, which encircle the plateau on all sides. Across the precipitous rocks by the side of this fissure a wall had been built with large slabs of stone, and of this a small portion survives at some 30 ft. below the top. But even without this protection the bare rock face could not have been scaled, providing that it had been properly defended at this theonly point where it does not present itself as a sheer precipice (Fig. 14). From the sharp crag-like end here the hill-top stretches westwards at an elevation of about 6,450 ft. a 164 widens to a maximum width of some 110 yards near the middle. Here the ground, slightly dipping, holds two large cisterns, each measuring 21 ft. across and 60 and 58 ft. long, respectively. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 164 ※ SOURCE for Habs-i Isfandipur « [East of Dogan is the ruined fortress of Habs-i Isfandipur, on the crest of a rocky spur, where columns, rock-cut cisterns and other remaine of probable Sassanian print Islamic date can be seen. » #888 Matheson, S., Persia. An Archaeological Guide, Faber and Faber Limited, 1979, ~ p. 261 Dhadna : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -782742 coordinate: lat 25.524217 long 56.35868 NIMA/GNS names: Dadna , Dadna , Dadnah , Dhadna , VARIANT names: Dhadna , Reetna , ※ SOURCE for Dhadna SEE Rul Dadnah FOR CONTENT ※ SOURCE for Reetna « Two miles to the southward of Ras Dibbah is the fort and village of Rual ; a mile and a half further Reema ; six miles to the southward of which is a similar place, called Chunum ; between which and Khore Fukaun are the villages of Beddya and Zebana, between which villages there is a rocky islet half a mile off shore. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p.624 Dhahran : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3093628 coordinate: lat 26.3041667 long 50.1325 NIMA/GNS names: Az Zahran , Dahahron , Dhahram , Dhahran , Zahran , VARIANT names: Dhahran , ※ SOURCE for Dhahran #411 p. 84 Dhaid : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -782081 coordinate: lat 25.288123 long 55.881571 NIMA/GNS names: Adh Dhaid , Adh Dhayd , Al Daid , Al-Dhayd , Dayd , Dhaid , Dhayd , Duhayd , Ihaid , الذيد , VARIANT names: Dhaid , Dhalqut : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -789152 coordinate: lat 16.704025 long 53.242194 NIMA/GNS names: Dalkut , Dalkut , Dhalqut , Thalfut , Zalkut , ضلكوت , ظلكوت , VARIANT names: Dhalqut , ※ SOURCE for Dhalqut « Palkut (Dhalqut), a grove of trees, stands about 14 miles ENE of the village of Hawf. Al Kharifut, a fertile valley, lies about 5 miles farther E. Rakhyut and Safqut, two separate villages, stand about 10 and 13 miles ENE, respectively, of Palkut. Ras Sajr is located 6 miles E of the village of Safqut. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 190 Dhank : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786686 coordinate: lat 23.550541 long 56.257252 NIMA/GNS names: Danak , Dank , Dank , Dhank , ضنك , VARIANT names: Dhank , Dhofar : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: RGN UFI: -789419 coordinate: lat 17.0425 long 54.165278 NIMA/GNS names: Dhaufar , Dhofar , Dhofar Proper , Dhufar , Dhufar Plain , Dufar , Zufar , VARIANT names: Dhafar , Dhofar , Diufar , Dofar , Dufar , Nu-fa , Tsu-fa-ir , Zufar , ※ SOURCE for Dhafar « I bent my steps toward the ruins of Dhafar — the Saphar of Scripture, the Dufar of Marco Polo. There is another town of the same name at the foot of the Sumara Mountains, about ten miles southwest of Yerim, in the Imaumate of Sana — and the two have sometimes been Confounded by oriental geographers. But it is probable that the one to which I now took my way is that spoken of by the historian Maçoudi, who tells us that most of the Hamyarite kings used to reside at Dhafar. And as that city, enriched by its commercial relations with the Indies, was the most interesting of the towns of southern Arabia, there is reason to suppose that its namesake of western Yémen was built and so called in a spirit of rivalry by the sovereign of some petty province, whose ambition it was to say "I reign at Dhafar!" At the present day the name Dhafar — signifying metropolis — is applied no longer to any particular town here, but belongs to a series of villages situated upon or near the coast of the Indian Ocean, between the headlands of Schedjer, Merbat, and Noss. At one of these villages — El-Belid by name — I found some magnificent ruins, in the architecture of which the elliptic arch and the ogee are discernible. The stones of these ruined buildings are cut with geometrical precision, and to each house there was attached a mosque or oratory » #2690 Co. Louis Du Couret, Life in the Desert or, Recollections of Travel in Asia and Africa, Mason Brothers, New York, 1860 ~ p.429 ※ SOURCE for Dhofar « For some forty years the all-powerful Turks, by the despatch of several naval expeditions, by reducing the Yemen and occupying various stations on the Arab littoral, had striven to destroy the growing power and commerce in the East, but they do not appear to have extended their hostile operations to the Persian Gulf until the year 1546, when four Turkish galliots, cruising from the Red Sea, sailed along the South Arabian Coast, and after destroying Kisheen and Dhofar, anchored at Muscat and bombarded the town. The Turkish guns were of very large calibre and threw cast-iron shot of a prodigious size into the place, causing terrible consternation and dismay but not much damage. The Turkish commander, however, did not venture to land his men, and sailed away again as emptvhanded as he came. Some days later a vessel arrived from Dhofar bringing the son of the ruler of that province as envoy from his father, to complain of the Turkish proceedings in having battered their town, and built a castle there for their own garrison. The envoy having besought the protection of the Portuguese against the Turks, the Governor of Muscat decided it politic to comply, and issued orders for the Portuguese vessels cruising in the Gulf of Aden against Moorish traders to touch occasionally at Dhofar. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994, ~ pp. 167-8 ※ SOURCE for Diufar « DIUFAR. Leaving Cape Fartach towards the coast of the open sea to the north-east by east, going along the coast L leagues off is a town of the Moors and sea-port called Diufar,(2) a city of the kingdom of Fartach, in which the Moors of Cambay trade in cotton stuffs, rice, and other goods. fn.2 Dolfar, Ortelius » #2616 Duarte Barbosa, A Description of the Coasts of East Africa And Malabar in the beginning of the sixteenth century , by Duarte Barbosa, A Portuguese . Translated from an early Spanish Manuscript in the Barcelona Library with Notes and a Preface byThe Hon. Henry E. J. Stanley, printed for the Hakluyt Society, London, 1866 ~ p.30 ※ SOURCE for Dofar « Em princípios de Abril, de acordo com as ordens que recebera, D. Fernando dirigiu-se para Mascate, navegando ao longo da costa da Arábia. De caminho, desembarcou em Dofar, a fim de tentar conquistar um forte que os Fartaques tinham tomado aos Arabes da região, nossos aliados. Porém, depois de vários combates, acabou por desistir por não ter possibilidade, devido à ondulação, de desembarcar a artilharia pesada necessária para o bater. » [At the beginning of April, in accordance with the orders he had received, D. Fernando headed for Muscat, sailing along the coast of Arabia. On the way, he landed at Dofar, in order to try to conquer a fort that the Phartaques had taken from the Arabs of the region, our allies. However, after several battles, he ended up giving up because he was unable, due to the swell, to land the heavy artillery needed to beat him.] #2821 Monteiro, Armando da Silva Saturnino, Batalhas e combates da Marinha Portuguesa, 1992 ~ vol. 3 p. 163 ※ SOURCE for Dufar « Nu-fa is Zufar, the modern Dhofar (Lib), the Dufar of Polo, about 400 miles E of Shehr Yule, op. cit., II. 441-442. Heyd, op. cit., II, 615. Ming-shi, 326, calls it Tsu-fa-ir » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 116, 121 fn.12 ※ SOURCE for Nu-fa « Nu-fa is Zufar, the modern Dhofar (Lib), the Dufar of Polo, about 400 miles E of Shehr Yule, op. cit., II. 441-442. Heyd, op. cit., II, 615. Ming-shi, 326, calls it Tsu-fa-ir » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 116, 121 fn.12 ※ SOURCE for Tsu-fa-ir « Nu-fa is Zufar, the modern Dhofar (Lib), the Dufar of Polo, about 400 miles E of Shehr Yule, op. cit., II. 441-442. Heyd, op. cit., II, 615. Ming-shi, 326, calls it Tsu-fa-ir » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 116, 121 fn.12 ※ SOURCE for Zufar « Nu-fa is Zufar, the modern Dhofar (Lib), the Dufar of Polo, about 400 miles E of Shehr Yule, op. cit., II. 441-442. Heyd, op. cit., II, 615. Ming-shi, 326, calls it Tsu-fa-ir » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 116, 121 fn.12 Dibab (DB1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL108541 converted to coordinate: lat 23.082164480659 long 59.0578953213088 VARIANT names: Dibab (DB1) , ※ SOURCE for Dibab (DB1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 25.627341 long 56.255633 VARIANT names: Daba , Dabanegoris Regio , Dibah , Dibba , Dibbah , ※ SOURCE for Daba « We do not hear anything of Ar' Riddah or apostates in Oman, with the exception of the incident transmitted by Al-Bilathuri (d 279 AH/892 AD) in Furuh Al-Buldan, Al-Tabari (d 310AH/922 AD) in his history and Ibn A'atham Al-Kufi (d 314 AH/926 AD) in Kitab Al-Futuh, as well as the writings of those scholars who transcribed from the abovementioned, such as Ibn Al-Atheer (d 630 AH/1232 AD) in his book Al-Kamel fi Al-Tarikh. They note that the Azd recanted and Luqait bin Malik Dhu'l Taj Al-Azdi withdrew to Daba. Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq dispatched Hodheifa bin Mohsen Al-Ghulfani (or Hodheifa bin Mohsen Al-Barqi) of the Azd and Akrama bin Abi Jahl bin Hisham Al- Makhzumi or Arifja Al-Barqi to meet them. Encountering Luqait and his escort they killed him and sent captives from Daba to Abu Bakr. It was said of Luqait bin Malik that he was known to the heathens as Al-Julanda. Gaifar and Abd fell back and took refuge in the mountains and the sea. Gaifar wrote to Abu Bakr informing him of what had happened and requesting assistance. Abu Bakr ondary to proceed with his troops to Oman and if they were » #2584 Peter Vine, Paula Casey-Vine, Oman in history, Immel Publishing, London, 1995 ~ pp. 39, 127-8 « A drawing of Daba bay and town was made by Speelman, head of the Dutch expedition of 1644, and there exist simple Portuguese plans of one of the fortresses.(161) fn. 161 Description of these three places in the logbooks of the Zeemeeuw (ARA, Geleynssen de Jongh papers nos. 280 and 280a) Descriptions of Lima and Kamzar in the Meerkut report, VOC vol. 1259, fo1.3369-3371 (= Floor, 'First contacts', pp. 300-302). Mentions of these places in Della Valle, Viuggio, vol. 3, p. 258. Description of the Portuguese fortresses of Daba in Descripçao, pp. 15-16. Views of Daba in Cortesao, Monumenta, vol. 5, pp. 581-582 and ARA, papers of Geleynssen de Jongh no. 280 (journal of the Zeemeeuw). » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p.47 ※ SOURCE for Dabanegoris Regio #47 Thomas, Bertram, The Musandam Peninsula and its people the Shihuh, Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society, 1928 p80 « It might, however, have been at other ports on the Gulf of Oman such as Khor Fakkan or Dibbah, though this latter was probably Pliny's Dabanegoris Regio » #6 Hawley, Donald, The Trucial States, Allen and Unwin, London, 1970 ~ p. 34 « His first point, outside Cape Mussendom, is his Dabanegoris regio: this is, evidently, Daba or Dobba, one degree south of the cape. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ vol. 2 p.228 Jeffrey Becker, 'Dabanegoris regio: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2021 online reference link [accessed 10 Mar 2023] ※ SOURCE for Dibah « The tradition holds that the Sasanians established an administrative capital near Sohar and concluded a treaty with the Azd, as reported by al-Awtabi, upon with which basis J. C. Wilkinson claimed "the Arabs enjoyed full autonomy in the desert borderlands and in much of and northern Oman where their capital was at Tu'am [Buraimi] and their main trading port was at Diba." Although no Sasanian occupation at Sohar has yet been identified, the situation described by the Omani historical tradition pots is borne out by the comparison of pottery from the coast Late and interior, in which the Kush assemblage is made up of Persian imports and the Buraimi assemblage consists locally made cooking pots. This has ramifications for our understanding of Dibba. The Arab tradition relates that in the days before Islam, "the markets of the Arabs were ten ... [including] Sohar, taking place in Rajab, on its first day, and not requiring any protection. Then the Arabs would travel from Sohar to Daba [Dibba], at which Julanda and his tribe [i.e., the Azd] would collect the tithe." It is further said to have been a capital of Oman and the base of the false prophet Laqit b. Malik al-Azdi during the Ridda." Dibba, therefore, seems to have been both economically and politically important in the Late Antique period. However, no archaeological evidence from this period has yet emerged. Archaeological excavations at Dibba al-Hisn (Sharjah) unearthed tombs containing quantities of Parthian, Kushana, and Roman imports, so that Dibba may be identified as an entrepot serving the major regional center of Mleiha in the interior. The later Arabic sources imply that this role continued from the Late Pre-Islamic into the Late Antique period, though this is presently impossible to verify archaeologically. Certainly, the broader geopolitical situation circumstantially bears out the sources, for if Julfar and Sohar were controlled by the Sasanians, Arab trade would have been funnelled through Dibba. This goes some way to explaining the otherwise roundabout route by which commerce reached Tu'am: it makes sense only if the more direct routes from Julfar and Sohar were blocked or otherwise uneconomical. » #2568 Timothy Power, Julfar and the Ports of Northern Oman in The Ports of Oman Edited By Abdulrahman Alsalimi And Eric Staples, Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim, 2017 ~ pp. 224-5 ※ SOURCE for Dibba « Dibba » retained as original site to differentiate from the new placenames « Dibba Al-Baya, Dibba Al-Fujairah, Dibba Al-Hisn » « Dibba » located on map #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975 ~ p. 84 « Dibba, of course, is still the name of a major port and oasis settlement on the East Coast of the UAE which is today divided between Oman, Fujairah and Sharjah. Although the archaeology of Dibba in the late pre-Islamic era is known only from chance finds, the literary record is more ample. » #1592 Abed, Ibrahim al-, Hellyer, Peter, The United Arab Emirates: a new perspective, Trident Press, 2001 ~ p. 60 « Although Dibba, Julfar and Tuwwam (Al Ain/Al Buraimi) are mentioned in the Arabic sources from the arrival of Islam in the area, it is not until the ninth century AD that additional places names in the modern UAE begin to be recorded. Ibn Khurradadhbih (Ibn Khurradadhbih 1967: p 111), a former official in the Abbasid Caliphate’s postal service, writing in ca 885–6, provides a series of itineraries that reflect the main routes through the Islamic world in his day. He describes a coastal route from the Oman Peninsula(2) to Mecca, mentioning Farak, Awkalan, Habat (?), and then al-Shihr, a port of the south coast of Yemen. It is unclear where the first three places were located although it seems that they should be sought along the Batinah coast of Fujairah and the Sultanate of Oman or in Dhofar and Mahra along the south coast of Arabia. » #1592 Abed, Ibrahim al-, Hellyer, Peter, The United Arab Emirates: a new perspective, Trident Press, 2001 ~ p. 72 ※ SOURCE for Dibbah « The Shemailiya was divided into two Qasimi fiefs, one at Dibbah and one at Kalba, ruled by Shaikhs Ahmad ibn Sultan and Majid ibn Sultan, and their descendants continued to rule in these places. However, in 1903 the British government, despite divisions amongst the Qawasim and the opposition of the headman of Fujairah, specifically recognized the whole of the Shemailiyah from Dibbah to Khor Fakkan as belonging to Sharjah. But Dibbah and Kalba continued to administer themselves in practice. So independent did they remain, in fact, that Kalba was recognized as a separate shaikhdom in 1936. Kalba's short history as an independent state was stormy and full of intrigue and bloodshed. Eventually, in 1951, Shaikh Saqr ibn Sultan ibn Salim, the son of the ruler of Ras al Khaimah deposed in 1948, murdered the ruler of Kalba and seized power. Recognition was withheld, however, and with the unanimous agreement of the rulers in the Trucial States Council, Kalba was re incorporated into Sharjah in 1952. » #6 Hawley, Donald, The Trucial States, Allen and Unwin, London, 1970 ~ p.333 see also pp. 34,44-50, 56, 63, 75, 96-7, 133, 176, 272, 281, 294, 333, 339, 343, 345, 356 « The Persians also seized Khor Fakkan from the Portuguese in 1622, but their success was short-lived. In 1623 Ruy Freire de Andrade ejected the Persians from Khor Fakkan though he was himself shortly afterwards displaced by an Arab force under the first imam of the Ya'ruba dynasty in Oman, Nasir ibn Murshid. In 1631 the Portuguese built a fort at Julfar, having apparently regained this port with a view to mounting an attack on Hormuz from it. The Portuguese also had minor forts at Kalba and Dibbah. » #6 Hawley, Donald, The Trucial States, Allen and Unwin, London, 1970 ~ p. 75 Dibba (Jasim1) : arch. site ARE UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 25.615775 long 56.274659 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dibba (Jasim1) , ※ SOURCE for Dibba (Jasim1) #2796 Sabah Jasim, Eisa Yousif, Dibba: an ancient port on the Gulf of Oman in the early Roman era, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2014 25:50–79 ~ « Between the first century BCE and second century AD the port at Dibba was probably equivalent in significance to the ports of Qana (Sedov 1992) and Khor Rori (Comfort 1960) on the South Arabian coast, and the Roman ports of Qaseir al-Qadim and Benerike on the Red Sea (Peacock and Blue 2006). » #2796 Sabah Jasim, Eisa Yousif, Dibba: an ancient port on the Gulf of Oman in the early Roman era, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2014 25:50–79 ~ p.78 Dibba (Jasim2) : arch. site ARE UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 25.616232 long 56.273126 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dibba (Jasim2) , ※ SOURCE for Dibba (Jasim2) Roman-Parthian tomb #2797 Sabah A. Jasim, Trade centres and commercial routes in the Arabian Gulf: Post-Hellenistic discoveries at Dibba, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2006 17:214–237 ~ Dibba (LCG-1) : arch. site OMN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 25.610772 long 56.257936 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dibba (LCG-1) , ※ SOURCE for Dibba (LCG-1) The Early Iron Age collective tomb LCG-1 at Dibbā al-Bayah, Oman #2794 Dennys Frenez, Francesco Genchi, Hélène David-Cuny and Sultan Al-Bakri, The Early Iron Age collective tomb LCG-1 at Dibbā al-Bayah, Oman: long-distance exchange and cross-cultural interaction, Antiquity, London, 2021 vol. 95 (379):104-124 ~ Dibba (Pellegrino1) : arch. site OMN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 25.609494 long 56.262423 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dibba (Pellegrino1) , ※ SOURCE for Dibba (Pellegrino1) Dibba 1 - Daba (Dibba-Oman) long graves #2798 Maria Paola Pellegrino, Michele Degli Esposti, Marilisa Buta, Enrica Tagliamonte, Salah Ali Hassan, Grave-goods from the long chamber tomb “Dibba 76/1” (Fujairah, UAE): a first inventory, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2019 pp. 1-43 ~ index p. 2 Dibba (Pellegrino3) : arch. site ARE UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 25.600721 long 56.269636 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dibba (Pellegrino3) , ※ SOURCE for Dibba (Pellegrino3) Dibba 3 - al-Murabba'ah #2798 Maria Paola Pellegrino, Michele Degli Esposti, Marilisa Buta, Enrica Tagliamonte, Salah Ali Hassan, Grave-goods from the long chamber tomb “Dibba 76/1” (Fujairah, UAE): a first inventory, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2019 pp. 1-43 ~ p. 2 Dibba (Pellegrino4) : arch. site ARE UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 25.616232 long 56.273126 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dibba (Pellegrino4) , ※ SOURCE for Dibba (Pellegrino4) « 4 - Hellenistic tomb » #2798 Maria Paola Pellegrino, Michele Degli Esposti, Marilisa Buta, Enrica Tagliamonte, Salah Ali Hassan, Grave-goods from the long chamber tomb “Dibba 76/1” (Fujairah, UAE): a first inventory, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2019 pp. 1-43 ~ p. 2 Dibba (Pellegrino5) : arch. site ARE UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 25.615775 long 56.274659 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dibba (Pellegrino5) , ※ SOURCE for Dibba (Pellegrino5) « 5 - Hellenistic settlement » #2798 Maria Paola Pellegrino, Michele Degli Esposti, Marilisa Buta, Enrica Tagliamonte, Salah Ali Hassan, Grave-goods from the long chamber tomb “Dibba 76/1” (Fujairah, UAE): a first inventory, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2019 pp. 1-43 ~ p. 2 Dibba (Pellegrino6) : arch. site ARE UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 25.619002 long 56.273078 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dibba (Pellegrino6) , ※ SOURCE for Dibba (Pellegrino6) Dibba 6 - Islamic settlement #2798 Maria Paola Pellegrino, Michele Degli Esposti, Marilisa Buta, Enrica Tagliamonte, Salah Ali Hassan, Grave-goods from the long chamber tomb “Dibba 76/1” (Fujairah, UAE): a first inventory, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2019 pp. 1-43 ~ p. 2 Dibba 76/1 : arch. site ARE UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 25.599144 long 56.275751 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dibba 76/1 , ※ SOURCE for Dibba 76/1 #2798 Maria Paola Pellegrino, Michele Degli Esposti, Marilisa Buta, Enrica Tagliamonte, Salah Ali Hassan, Grave-goods from the long chamber tomb “Dibba 76/1” (Fujairah, UAE): a first inventory, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2019 pp. 1-43 ~ p. 2 Dibba Al Fujairah : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 25.592385 long 56.267579 VARIANT names: Dibba Al Fujairah , ※ SOURCE for Dibba Al Fujairah « Dibba, of course, is still the name of a major port and oasis settlement on the East Coast of the UAE which is today divided between Oman, Fujairah and Sharjah. Although the archaeology of Dibba in the late pre-Islamic era is known only from chance finds, the literary record is more ample. » #1592 Abed, Ibrahim al-, Hellyer, Peter, The United Arab Emirates: a new perspective, Trident Press, 2001 ~ p. 60 Dibba Al Fujairah Fort : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 25.601515 long 56.28321 VARIANT names: Dibba Al Fujairah Fort , Dvbo , ※ SOURCE for Dibba Al Fujairah Fort « Dibba, of course, is still the name of a major port and oasis settlement on the East Coast of the UAE which is today divided between Oman, Fujairah and Sharjah. Although the archaeology of Dibba in the late pre-Islamic era is known only from chance finds, the literary record is more ample. » #1592 Abed, Ibrahim al-, Hellyer, Peter, The United Arab Emirates: a new perspective, Trident Press, 2001 ~ p. 60 ※ SOURCE for Dvbo « The 1639 illustration (Plate 1) shows the town hemmed in on the landward side by mountainsalthough it does not indicate that in fact, compared with the high mountains of Musandam to the north, the mountains on the west and south sides of Dibba are far lower. In the foreground, anisland is shown in the bay of Dibba with trees and plantations inland from the settlements, looking much as the palm gardens around the town appear even today. In the southern part of Dibba, a settlement of huts is shown in the illustration. These appear to be carish. They are enclosed by a wall fortified by rounded buttresses and there is a two storey roundtower at the north-west corner. The walls are probably of mud. This southern area of the Dibbasettlement is termed "DVBO" in the illustration. Today, it is part of Fujairah in the United ArabEmirates. The Portuguese fortress at the centre of the Dibba settlement is recorded as "DOBA". It seems to coincide with the area of Dibba today known as Dibba al-Husn (Dibba the fortress) which lies in Sharjah Emirate territory. It is a square building with an outer wall with rounded corner towers anda circular tower to seaward. The building material is marked by rectangular blocks which are probably a convention intended to indicate the stone masonry that de Resende refers to in his text as the construction material of DOBA. The lack of these rectangular blocks representing cut stones in the illustrations of the outworks of DVBO to the south and MOCOMBI to the north suggests that their walls were of mud-brick, rather than stone. Within the outer fortress wall of DOBA, the 1639 illustration shows another inner fortress, again with the convention indicating the stone blocks that we see in the outer wall. There are nine small towers marked in the empty ground between the inner and the outer wall. Inside the inner fortification is a two-storey circular tower in the centre of the courtyard. There are also three otherstructures in the courtyard. That to the south-east seems to be the house of the Portuguesecaptain commanding DOBA. On the west side of DOBA is a tower, a church and a structure to the north which I take to be the underground ammunition store. To the north of DOBA, i.e., on the right side of the map, there is yet another separate village forming a part of the Dibba settlement, the MOCOMBI mentioned above. The name MOCOMBI does not seem to relate to any place name in current usage in the Dibba oasis. It may be related to Dibba al-Bayah, the Omani portion of the town, but this is speculative. The illustration of MOCOMBI shows its fortress in a manner very similar to DVBO to the south of DOBA, with the same style of illustration convention as that of DVBO and presumably in mud-brick. At the angles of its surrounding walls were rounded towers and within the walls were a series of small buildings that appear to have been carish. The illustrations of Dibba in the Livro constitute the only record that we have of the vanished Portuguese fortress of DOBA and its immediately neighbouring settlements amidst the Dibba palm-groves. It passed into the hands of the local Arabs in the mid-17th century but its fate there after is unknown (15). The town was subsequently illustrated by Captain Speelman (16), the leader of a Dutch expedition to southeast Arabia of 1644 but his map of Dibba is only a small sketch that shows the bay and soundings of the depths of the sea but nothing of the fortresses on shore. Another Dutch skipper, Captain Vogel, described Dibba from offshore in 1666. He reports that there were four fortresses there, one more than referred to in the Livro. It may be that the central fortress at DOBA of the Livro was double counted, or that the local Arabs had built an additional fortress since the Portuguese withdrawal but as Vogel was unable to land because of the winds, his testimony on the fortresses is not conclusive. fn. 15 Slot, The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784, Leidschedam (1993), p. 47. #2776 King, Geoffrey, A 17th C. Portuguese description and map of Dibba in south-east Arabia, Tribulus, Gale Academic OneFile, 2012 ~ Dibba Al-Baya : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 25.6345 long 56.2642 VARIANT names: Bai'ah , Bayah , Daba Castle , Dibba Al-Baya , Mocombi , Mocombira , ※ SOURCE for Bai'ah « Bai'ah » and « Dibah » shown separately in {map#923 Map of Arabia and the Persian Gulf, Captain F F Hunter, Indian Army, Survey of India in 1908, 1930, British Library Ref: IOR/L/PS/12/2160B, f 41} « At the Northern side of Dabba there is a small fresh water river where the fishermen live. (31) From the Southern corner of Dabba till the small island which is situated in front of Lebdia (32) the course is south for 2¼ miles, while one passes over depths of 21, 20, 19, 22 fathoms of waxy sand ground. fn. 31 This refers to Bai'ah, "from the sea the two places appear to form one town, but in reality they are seperated by a water course", J. G. LORIMER: Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, 'Oman and Central Arabia. Calcutta 1915 (reprint 1970). (6 vols.) Vo!. HA, p. 264. fn. 32 Probably (al-)Bidyah is meant here. The island is called jazirah Bidyah. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 303 ※ SOURCE for Bayah « Bayah » adapted from « Bay'ah » in {map#926 Series K6611 Oman 1:100,000, Directorate of Military Survey, United Kingdom, 1981-, } for use in connection with Survey, design, consultants of water supply schemes for Tayibat, Ghrumdah, Fudhra, Bukha, Al Jadi, Al Jirri, Qidah, Kumzar, Habalayn, Shabus, Shairsah, Limah, Bayah #171 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Musandam Water Supply Schemes, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1975 ~ ※ SOURCE for Daba Castle « Daba Castle, also called Dibba Castle, lies in the quiet town of Dibba Al-Bayah, in the Musandam Governorate in Oman. » at online reference link Dibba Al Seba Fort ? ※ SOURCE for Dibba Al-Baya « Dibba, of course, is still the name of a major port and oasis settlement on the East Coast of the UAE which is today divided between Oman, Fujairah and Sharjah. Although the archaeology of Dibba in the late pre-Islamic era is known only from chance finds, the literary record is more ample. » #1592 Abed, Ibrahim al-, Hellyer, Peter, The United Arab Emirates: a new perspective, Trident Press, 2001 ~ p. 60 ※ SOURCE for Mocombi « The 1639 illustration (Plate 1) shows the town hemmed in on the landward side by mountainsalthough it does not indicate that in fact, compared with the high mountains of Musandam to the north, the mountains on the west and south sides of Dibba are far lower. In the foreground, anisland is shown in the bay of Dibba with trees and plantations inland from the settlements, looking much as the palm gardens around the town appear even today. In the southern part of Dibba, a settlement of huts is shown in the illustration. These appear to be carish. They are enclosed by a wall fortified by rounded buttresses and there is a two storey roundtower at the north-west corner. The walls are probably of mud. This southern area of the Dibbasettlement is termed "DVBO" in the illustration. Today, it is part of Fujairah in the United ArabEmirates. The Portuguese fortress at the centre of the Dibba settlement is recorded as "DOBA". It seems to coincide with the area of Dibba today known as Dibba al-Husn (Dibba the fortress) which lies in Sharjah Emirate territory. It is a square building with an outer wall with rounded corner towers anda circular tower to seaward. The building material is marked by rectangular blocks which are probably a convention intended to indicate the stone masonry that de Resende refers to in his text as the construction material of DOBA. The lack of these rectangular blocks representing cut stones in the illustrations of the outworks of DVBO to the south and MOCOMBI to the north suggests that their walls were of mud-brick, rather than stone. Within the outer fortress wall of DOBA, the 1639 illustration shows another inner fortress, again with the convention indicating the stone blocks that we see in the outer wall. There are nine small towers marked in the empty ground between the inner and the outer wall. Inside the inner fortification is a two-storey circular tower in the centre of the courtyard. There are also three otherstructures in the courtyard. That to the south-east seems to be the house of the Portuguesecaptain commanding DOBA. On the west side of DOBA is a tower, a church and a structure to the north which I take to be the underground ammunition store. To the north of DOBA, i.e., on the right side of the map, there is yet another separate village forming a part of the Dibba settlement, the MOCOMBI mentioned above. The name MOCOMBI does not seem to relate to any place name in current usage in the Dibba oasis. It may be related to Dibba al-Bayah, the Omani portion of the town, but this is speculative. The illustration of MOCOMBI shows its fortress in a manner very similar to DVBO to the south of DOBA, with the same style of illustration convention as that of DVBO and presumably in mud-brick. At the angles of its surrounding walls were rounded towers and within the walls were a series of small buildings that appear to have been carish. The illustrations of Dibba in the Livro constitute the only record that we have of the vanished Portuguese fortress of DOBA and its immediately neighbouring settlements amidst the Dibba palm-groves. It passed into the hands of the local Arabs in the mid-17th century but its fate there after is unknown (15). The town was subsequently illustrated by Captain Speelman (16), the leader of a Dutch expedition to southeast Arabia of 1644 but his map of Dibba is only a small sketch that shows the bay and soundings of the depths of the sea but nothing of the fortresses on shore. Another Dutch skipper, Captain Vogel, described Dibba from offshore in 1666. He reports that there were four fortresses there, one more than referred to in the Livro. It may be that the central fortress at DOBA of the Livro was double counted, or that the local Arabs had built an additional fortress since the Portuguese withdrawal but as Vogel was unable to land because of the winds, his testimony on the fortresses is not conclusive. fn. 15 Slot, The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784, Leidschedam (1993), p. 47. #2776 King, Geoffrey, A 17th C. Portuguese description and map of Dibba in south-east Arabia, Tribulus, Gale Academic OneFile, 2012 ~ ※ SOURCE for Mocombira « MOCOMBIRA, lugar de-Localidade da costa ocidental do golfo de Omão ou Oman que Bocarro situa a três quartos de légua de Dobá ou Dibah (25° 39' lat. N. e 56° 16' long. E.) e que assim demora ou demorou a cerca de meio caminho entre aquele porto e o cabo ou ras Suvat. » [MOCOMBIRA, place of-Locality on the west coast of the Gulf of Oman or Oman which Bocarro is located three quarters of a league from Dobá or Dibah (25° 39' lat. N. and 56° 16' long. E.) and which takes so long or it took about halfway between that port and the cape or ras Suvat] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 273 Dibba Al-Hisn : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 25.618889 long 56.273333 VARIANT names: Dibba Al-Hisn , Dibba Al-Hisn Fort , Doba , Dobba , ※ SOURCE for Dibba Al-Hisn « Dibba, of course, is still the name of a major port and oasis settlement on the East Coast of the UAE which is today divided between Oman, Fujairah and Sharjah. Although the archaeology of Dibba in the late pre-Islamic era is known only from chance finds, the literary record is more ample. » #1592 Abed, Ibrahim al-, Hellyer, Peter, The United Arab Emirates: a new perspective, Trident Press, 2001 ~ p. 60 ※ SOURCE for Dibba Al-Hisn Fort « Al Hisn Fort lies in the center of the town of Dibba Al Hisn, in the emirate of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates. Al Hisn Fort was built by the Portuguese during their occupation of the area between 1624 and 1648. Like Kalba Fort, Al Hisn Fort consists of a fortification on a small rectangular platform. The present rectangular tower was built in the early 20th century by Sheikh Saqr bin Moḥammad Al Qasimi. It replaced an earlier circular tower. » at online reference link ※ SOURCE for Doba « haverá oitenta e sete léguas de costa, em que jazem êstes lugares do mesmo reino: Calaiate, Curiate, Mascate, Soar, Calaja, Orfação, Doba e Lima, que fica oito léguas ante de chegar ao Cabo Muçand [there will be eighty-seven leagues of coast, in which these places of the same kingdom lie: Calaiate, Curiate, Muscat, Soar, Calaja, Orfação, Doba and Lima, which is eight leagues before reaching Cabo Muçand] » #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ vol. 1 p354 « The fortress of Doba is two leagues from Libidia along the coast in front of the north, made in choadro, with four round ramparts, each in its corner, and a knight in the middle, with water power. Each flight of wall is seven fathoms long, four fathoms high, eleven palms wide, made of stone, with its parapets. It has inside the fortress for the captain and a church and a low ground floor for moniçois, the bays of the beluartes for collecting supplies. » #821 Bocarro, António, O livro das plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoac¸o~es do estado da I´ndia Oriental, Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 1937-40: 1992 Series: 442 3 vols. ~ vol.2 p.59 The complex of the former Portuguese Doba, a city that had 1,000 residents in 1620, today Dibba al-Hisn in the Emirate of Sharjah, was connected to Dubó, which must be the current Dibba Al Fujairah, which was at the tip of a grove of palm trees, having about 200 residents, and also to Mocumby, which must be the current Dibba Oman, who then had about 300 residents, most of them sailors, who lived from fishing like the rest, as well as palm tree groves, with the presence also of fishing for pearls in the area. #2611 Rui Carita, The network of fortifications in the Emirate of Sharjah, CEAMA, Almeida, Portugal, 2020 ~ pp. 124-5 « The 1639 illustration (Plate 1) shows the town hemmed in on the landward side by mountainsalthough it does not indicate that in fact, compared with the high mountains of Musandam to the north, the mountains on the west and south sides of Dibba are far lower. In the foreground, anisland is shown in the bay of Dibba with trees and plantations inland from the settlements, looking much as the palm gardens around the town appear even today. In the southern part of Dibba, a settlement of huts is shown in the illustration. These appear to be carish. They are enclosed by a wall fortified by rounded buttresses and there is a two storey roundtower at the north-west corner. The walls are probably of mud. This southern area of the Dibbasettlement is termed "DVBO" in the illustration. Today, it is part of Fujairah in the United ArabEmirates. The Portuguese fortress at the centre of the Dibba settlement is recorded as "DOBA". It seems to coincide with the area of Dibba today known as Dibba al-Husn (Dibba the fortress) which lies in Sharjah Emirate territory. It is a square building with an outer wall with rounded corner towers anda circular tower to seaward. The building material is marked by rectangular blocks which are probably a convention intended to indicate the stone masonry that de Resende refers to in his text as the construction material of DOBA. The lack of these rectangular blocks representing cut stones in the illustrations of the outworks of DVBO to the south and MOCOMBI to the north suggests that their walls were of mud-brick, rather than stone. Within the outer fortress wall of DOBA, the 1639 illustration shows another inner fortress, again with the convention indicating the stone blocks that we see in the outer wall. There are nine small towers marked in the empty ground between the inner and the outer wall. Inside the inner fortification is a two-storey circular tower in the centre of the courtyard. There are also three otherstructures in the courtyard. That to the south-east seems to be the house of the Portuguesecaptain commanding DOBA. On the west side of DOBA is a tower, a church and a structure to the north which I take to be the underground ammunition store. To the north of DOBA, i.e., on the right side of the map, there is yet another separate village forming a part of the Dibba settlement, the MOCOMBI mentioned above. The name MOCOMBI does not seem to relate to any place name in current usage in the Dibba oasis. It may be related to Dibba al-Bayah, the Omani portion of the town, but this is speculative. The illustration of MOCOMBI shows its fortress in a manner very similar to DVBO to the south of DOBA, with the same style of illustration convention as that of DVBO and presumably in mud-brick. At the angles of its surrounding walls were rounded towers and within the walls were a series of small buildings that appear to have been carish. The illustrations of Dibba in the Livro constitute the only record that we have of the vanished Portuguese fortress of DOBA and its immediately neighbouring settlements amidst the Dibba palm-groves. It passed into the hands of the local Arabs in the mid-17th century but its fate there after is unknown (15). The town was subsequently illustrated by Captain Speelman (16), the leader of a Dutch expedition to southeast Arabia of 1644 but his map of Dibba is only a small sketch that shows the bay and soundings of the depths of the sea but nothing of the fortresses on shore. Another Dutch skipper, Captain Vogel, described Dibba from offshore in 1666. He reports that there were four fortresses there, one more than referred to in the Livro. It may be that the central fortress at DOBA of the Livro was double counted, or that the local Arabs had built an additional fortress since the Portuguese withdrawal but as Vogel was unable to land because of the winds, his testimony on the fortresses is not conclusive. fn. 15 Slot, The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784, Leidschedam (1993), p. 47. #2776 King, Geoffrey, A 17th C. Portuguese description and map of Dibba in south-east Arabia, Tribulus, Gale Academic OneFile, 2012 ~ ※ SOURCE for Dobba « Das igrejas de Congo, Soar, Curiate e Dobba. » [From the churches of Congo, Soar, Curiate and Dobba.] 2857 #2857 ed. Silva Rego, A. da, Documentação para a História das Missões do Padroado Português do Oriente – Índia, Agência Geral das Ultramar, Lisboa, 1955 ~ vol. 11 p. 209 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 25.636885 long 56.267193 VARIANT names: Dibba Fort , ※ SOURCE for Dibba Fort 2nd Dibba Fort ? - at online reference link « The town [Dibba] was subsequently illustrated by Captain Speelman (16), the leader of a Dutch expedition to southeast Arabia of 1644 but his map of Dibba is only a small sketch that shows the bay and soundings of the depths of the sea but nothing of the fortresses on shore. Another Dutch skipper, Captain Vogel, described Dibba from offshore in 1666. He reports that there were four fortresses there, one more than referred to in the Livro. It may be that the central fortress at DOBA of the Livro was double counted, or that the local Arabs had built an additional fortress since the Portuguese withdrawal but as Vogel was unable to land because of the winds, his testimony on the fortresses is not conclusive. #2776 King, Geoffrey, A 17th C. Portuguese description and map of Dibba in south-east Arabia, Tribulus, Gale Academic OneFile, 2012 Dibba Rock : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 25.603027 long 56.351118 VARIANT names: Dibba Rock , ※ SOURCE for Dibba Rock No official placename can be found for this islet at 25.603027, 56.351118, and only the following text reference. « DIBBA or DABA BAY. Ras Dibba is a projecting point of cliffs of moderate height, having nall islet m. off, in Int. 26° 37 N., lon. 56° 23' E., with a channel of 2 to 3 fathoms behind it. Dibba Bay is 5 m. across, and open from N.N.E. to E.; the soundings decrease regularly from fathome to the sandy beach. The town and fort are 5 m. W. by N. of Ras Dibba, and contain ut 2,000 men; there are very extensive date plantations in the valley on the S. of the town. od water may be obtained here, and supplies of cattle, vegetables, etc. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, ed. 1874 ~ p. 237 The rock in the Fortaleza de Dobá drawing of the three forts is most likely Dibba Rock. see #821 Bocarro, António, O livro das plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoac¸o~es do estado da I´ndia Oriental, Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 1937-40: 1992 Series: 442 3 vols. ~ vol. 3 Estampa XIV Dibik 42 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 855 030 converted to coordinate: lat 22.62379 long 58.80491 VARIANT names: Dibik 42 , ※ SOURCE for Dibik 42 « Graves » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 48 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Dibik 43 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 858 033 converted to coordinate: lat 22.62647 long 58.80786 VARIANT names: Dibik 43 , ※ SOURCE for Dibik 43 « Tomb kerbs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 48 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Dibik 44 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 854 023 converted to coordinate: lat 22.61749 long 58.80385 VARIANT names: Dibik 44 , ※ SOURCE for Dibik 44 « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 48 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Dibik 45 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 835 058 converted to coordinate: lat 22.6493 long 58.78578 VARIANT names: Dibik 45 , ※ SOURCE for Dibik 45 « Graves, areas of small flat stones » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 48 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Didagan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061152 coordinate: lat 30.356216 long 53.307916 NIMA/GNS names: Didagan , Didegan , دیدگان , VARIANT names: Didagan , Didymi montes : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -788622 coordinate: lat 22.417817 long 59.805275 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) NIMA/GNS names: Fanus , Jabal Saffan , Jabal Saffran , Jabal Sifan , VARIANT names: Didymi montes , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Didymi montes AT Ras Sajar lat 16.749167 long 53.585893 [Sprenger], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Didymi montes AT Jabal Saffan lat 22.417817 long 59.805275 [Carter], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Didymi montes AT Os Palheiros lat 21.902033 long 59.464385 [Forster], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Didymi montes AT Ras al Hadd lat 22.53761 long 59.79599 [Arrowsmith and Gossellin], ※ SOURCE for Didymi montes Didymi Montes is shown in the Claudius Ptolemaeus, SEXTA ASIAE TABVLA, in Cosmographia, Rome: Conrad Sweynheym and Amold Buckinck, 1478 #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ map 3 pp. 52-3 Sprenger in his map places « Didymi montes » in between Raysut and Damkut at Ras Sajar and adds the words « Mondgeburge » [moon castle ?] (16.75, 53.5833333) #1332 Sprenger, A., Die alte Geographie Arabiens, Commissionsverlag Von Huber als Comp; Meridian Publising Co., Bern; Amsterdam, 1875;1966 ~ end map « Last of all Ptolemy's places under the head of Sachalitarum in sinu and which I shall attempt to identify, are his Didymi montes. I cannot pretend to identify his Neogiala navale nor his Hormani flu. ostia. Gosellin places his Didymi montes at Ras el Had, by which he meant the eastern extremity of Arabia, and if Plolemy's appellation is to be taken literally, that is signifying "twins," his Didymi montes are identified in Jibal Saffan, which as before stated, are two mountains close together, almost exactly alike, each about 800 feet high, situated on a table-land about 100 feet above the level of the sea, and isolated for several miles from any other mountains; not as Gosellin states, the termination of the chain of mountains which passes through Oman, which do not turn from their course to the eastward, to end at Ras el Had, but continue on southwards to terminate in the moun- tains of Jallan, about twenty miles inland from the S.E. coast of Arabia. » #2662 Henry John CARTER, Art. VI. A Geographical Description of Certain Parts of the Southeast Coast of Arabia, to which is appended a short essay on the comparative geography of the whole of this coast., Reprinted from the Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1851 ~ p. 90 « Inland, north of Abissa and its Gulf, the Didymi Montes of Ptolemy obviously correspond with the Palheiros mountains lying north of the Gulf of Bassas. This region is the Libanotophoros, or region of frankincense. Ptolemy's Bosara, lastly, tallies so closely in name with Masora, the last sea-port west of Ras-al-Hhad, that the apparent difference of site may fairly be accounted for ... » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ vol.2 p. 182 « Farther Northward lay Ausara, giving name to the Ausarita ; Serapidis I. , now Mazeira ;and Ras el Had, the Eastern extremity of Arabia, known to the ancients as Didymi Montes, a name which it is thought to have derived from the Greek word didvuoi gemelli, owing to two mountains presenting a similar appearance which stand upon it. Here dwelled the Omanita, whose name has been handed down to the present day in that of Oman: a part of their territory produced excellent frankincense, and was on that account called Thurifera Regio. » #2664 Aron Arrowsmith, A Compendium of Ancient and Modern Geography, for the use of Eton School., for the author by E. Williams, Eton, 1831 ~ p. 580 « LES mesures employées par cet auteur nous font découvrir les Didymi montes dans le Ras ai-Hhad, quoique ce cap, le plus oriental de l'Arabie, n'offre pas la même circonstance dans le dessin très-altéré de la carte ancienne. Mais la chaîne de montagnes qui vient former le promontoire des Didymi montes, représente trop bien celle qui parcourt l'Oman, et qui se termine au Ras al-Hhad, pour qu'il soit possible de la méconnoître, quand mêmeles mesures ne nous y auroient pas conduits. » [THE measurements employed by this author enable us to discover the Didymi mounted in the Ras ai-Hhad, although this cape, the easternmost of Arabia, does not offer the same circumstance in the very altered drawing of the old map. But the chain of mountains which forms the promontory of the Didymi montes, represents too well that which runs through Oman, and which ends at Ras al-Hhad, for it to be possible to misunderstand it, all the same the measurements wouldn't have taken us there.] #2703 P.-F.-J. Gossellin, Recherches sur la géographie systématique et positive des anciens. Tome 3 / ; pour servir de base à l'histoire de la géographie ancienne., Impr. de la République, 1798-1813 ~ vol. 3 p. 35 « An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 4 unlocated Didyma M. » D.T. Potts, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Didyma M.: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2020 online reference link [accessed 10 Mar 2023] Die Ruinen von Mablakeh (Fishvar) : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.771579 long 53.686909 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Chartaqhi mahalcheh چهارطاقی محلچه VARIANT names: Die Ruinen von Mablakeh (Fishvar) , Mahallachah, Fishvar , ※ SOURCE for Die Ruinen von Mablakeh (Fishvar) « Die Ruinen von Mablakeh (Fishvar) (Abb. 5: 235)Lage: 38 km westlich von Evaz, 40 km südöstlich von Khondj, in + 660 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Qir nach Lar Ausgedehnter Ruinenkomplex mit den teilweise erhal tenen, massiven Pfeilern eines Cahartaq (Feuertempel). In der Gesamtanlage sind mehrere Höfe mit umliegenden Räu- men zu erkennen, die als Pilger-Unterkunftsräume in kara- vanserailähnlicher Funktion gedeutet werden können. Die Anlagen sind nur noch als Schuttwälle erkennbar und waren in Bruchsteinmauerwerk errichtet, wie der Feuertempel (Abb. 235). [The ruins of Mablakeh (Fishvar) (Fig. 5: 235)Location: 38 km west of Evaz, 40 km southeast of Khondj, at + 660 m above sea level. N. N., on the road from Qir to Lar Extensive ruin complex with the partially preserved, massive pillars of a Cahartaq (fire temple). In the entire complex, several courtyards with surrounding rooms can be seen, which can be interpreted as pilgrim accommodation rooms with a caravan serail-like function. The facilities are only recognizable as rubble walls and were built of rubble stone masonry, like the fire temple (Fig. 235). ] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 130 ※ SOURCE for Mahallachah, Fishvar « in Les Chahar Taqs dans le Sud de l'Iran (dimensions) » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 196 Dih Shaikh chahar taq : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.273249 long 56.192832 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dih Shaikh chahar taq , ※ SOURCE for Dih Shaikh chahar taq « Les ruines du temple du feu de Dih Shaikh (1) se trouve à une distance de 14 km. au sud-ouest du village de même nom, dans une vaste plaine, aujourd'hui désertique, appelée Dasht-i Abåd, au pied de la montagne Küh-i Abādi, à l'entrée de la gorge Tang-i Dih Shaikh ou Gudar-i Abādi. fn. 1 carte à l'échelle 1/253.440 de la région de Daulatabad (H-40-U). [The ruins of the fire temple of Dih Shaikh (1) are located at a distance of 14 km. southwest of the village of the same name, in a vast plain, now desert, called Dasht-i Abåd, at the foot of the Küh-i Abādi mountain, at the entrance to the Tang-i Dih Shaikh or Gudar-i Abādi gorge. fn. 1 map at a scale of 1:253,440 of the Daulatabad region (H-40-U).] » #3402 Vanden Berghe, L, Nouvelles découvertes de monuments du feu d'epoque sassanides, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1965 Vol.5: pp.128-147 ~ p. 137 Dihak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.967587 long 52.478971 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dihak , ※ SOURCE for Dihak « Dihak » in {map#1217 in #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ fig. 14. Carte. Trajet de Bord-Khoun à Dar ol-Mizan.} Dijala : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.83941 long 45.710068 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dijala , ※ SOURCE for Dijala « Dijala » in {map#1343 Reisen im Orient. von H. Petermann ; Nebst Einer Karte, Entworfen Von H. Kiepert. 2. Band, p. 243, 1861, fig. } Dijala : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.006631 long 44.872255 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dijala , ※ SOURCE for Dijala « Dijala » in {map#1343 Reisen im Orient. von H. Petermann ; Nebst Einer Karte, Entworfen Von H. Kiepert. 2. Band, p. 243, 1861, fig. } Dil : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786768 coordinate: lat 24.07832 long 56.98067 NIMA/GNS names: Dil , Dil Al Birayk , Dil Yal Burayk , ديل آل بريك , VARIANT names: Dayl , Diel , Dil , ※ SOURCE for Dayl see online reference link ※ SOURCE for Diel « Diel » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. Wellsted Royal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} « Maykiliff is a small fort and village in lat. 24° 7' 27" N., long. 57° 4' 26" E. From Sohar to this place the coast continues low, thickly studded with date groves. The soundings off the coast are regular to five fathoms within a mile of the shore. Between this place and Ras Hayara, in lat. 24° 4' 17" N., long. 57° 9' 50" E., is the village of Diel, containing about forty inhabitants. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 626 ※ SOURCE for Dil « 27. Yal Breik (sing, Breiki) A tribe of the Oman Sultanate, numbering 1,500 souls; Hinävi in politics, in religion partly Sunni and partly Ibadhi; settled in Batinah at Masna'ah, Shirs, Qasbiyat Yal Breik, Dil Yal Breik Umm el-Ja'arif, and Saham town. » #2699 Admiralty War Staff, Intelligence Department, Handbook of Arabia Vol. 1 General, H.M.S.O., London, 1917, ~ vol. 1 p. 554 Dilaram : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3374035 coordinate: lat 32.164345 long 63.426777 Supplement: NIMA/GNS data has two sets of coordinates for the one UFI -3374035 32.15, 63.4166667,Dilaram,PPL and 32.164345, 63.426777,Dilaram,PPL. the latter has been adopted NIMA/GNS names: Dilaram , دلارام , VARIANT names: Delarum , Dilaram , Doctorcham , ※ SOURCE for Delarum « Das Castel Delarum, wohin wir den 11. kamen/lieget am Bache Hofchrot, auff einem etwas erhöheten Orte/fehr anmu thig. [The Castel Delarum, where we arrived on the 11th, lies on the Hofchrot stream, on a somewhat elevated spot, very pleasant.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 68 ※ SOURCE for Dilaram « The 1st August we proceeded other five p. to an old fort called Dilaram, where we paid an abacee and a half for each camel. We staid here one day to rest our cattle, which was termed making mochoane » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 214 « 12. Dilaram (13 miles-151 miles 4 furlongs).-Water, forage, and grass abundant; the road fords the Khash Rud at the end of the march; the bed of the river is 300 yards broad, with a small clear stream in the dry season about 21 feet deep. There are villages all the way; the left bank is high and steep. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 ※ SOURCE for Doctorcham « The 19. day at night we trauelled some 4 forsongs to a Towne called Doctorcham, where wee staied all the next day and night. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 50 Dilfard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055111 coordinate: lat 28.991389 long 57.614722 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Delfard , Dalfard , Delfard , Dilfard , Kerah , VARIANT names: Dilfard , ※ SOURCE for Dilfard ref1511p655 Dilou : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.500025 long 52.693884 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dilou , ※ SOURCE for Dilou « Dilou » in {map#1217 in #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ fig. 14. Carte. Trajet de Bord-Khoun à Dar ol-Mizan.} Din : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194438 coordinate: lat 26.957717 long 54.568838 NIMA/GNS names: Din , Lavardin , دين , لاوردین , VARIANT names: Barkamdin , Din , ※ SOURCE for Barkamdin « 2. BARKAMDIN | 18 | 30 | 6 hours.The road passes over rocky ridges. Water is obtained from reservoirs in ground. The encamping ground is in open ground. No supplies. » #3461 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Routes in Persia, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1887 ~ p. 327 Dinan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6012722 coordinate: lat 32.719824 long 51.780255 NIMA/GNS names: Darinan , Dinan , Dinan Qahab , درینان , دينان قهاب , دینان , VARIANT names: Dinan , Dindarlu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061210 coordinate: lat 29.5667 long 52.9071 NIMA/GNS names: Dindarlu , دیندارلو , VARIANT names: Dindarlu , ※ SOURCE for Dindarlu « Dindarlu, 35 km von Shiraz entfernt, liegt auf einem großen prähistorischen Sied- lungshügel. [Dindarlu, 35 km from Shiraz, is located on a large prehistoric settlement mound.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 197 Dinevar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LCTY UFI: 10117882 coordinate: lat 34.5849 long 47.4475 NIMA/GNS names: Dinevar , Dinvar , دینور , VARIANT names: Dinevar , Dishmook : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061232 coordinate: lat 31.298439 long 50.401101 NIMA/GNS names: Dishmok , Dishmook , Dishmuk , ديشمك , ديشموک , دیشمک , VARIANT names: Dishmook , Diu Island : place IND NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -2095025 coordinate: lat 20.7166667 long 70.9166667 NIMA/GNS names: Diu , Diu Island , Forte de Nagoa , Nagoa , Nagwa , VARIANT names: Diu Island , Pa-yu , ※ SOURCE for Diu Island southern tip of Gujerat in the Gulf of Cambay some 274 km north west of Mumbai (Bombay) ※ SOURCE for Pa-yu « Presumably some port on the coast of the Guzerat peninsula, the Balabhi or Yala-bhadra kingdom of the sixth and seventh centuries. The name suggests the island of Diu, an important port in mediaeval times, but I do not know whether it existed in the eighth century. » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 13 Divdan Caravansaray : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.455302 long 53.434188 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Divdan Caravansaray , Djahanabad caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Djahanabad caravanserai « In der Entfernung von 25 km liegt der Ort Djahanabad. Er ist offenbar um die Keim- zelle eines Karawansarais herum erbaut. Dieser Bau bestand aus einem äußeren Ge- viert aus einzelnen Räumen, die sich zu einer Galerie hin öffneten, die sich um den Mittelhof legt. Da alle Räume und der Gang mit Häcksel und Korn gefüllt waren und die Außenmauern als Rückseite angrenzender Häuser dienten, konnte ich dieses Kara- wansarai nicht aufmessen.Nach 14 km erreicht man den Ort Kharame. [The town of Djahanabad is 25 km away. It is evidently built around the nucleus of a caravanserai. This building consisted of an outer square made up of individual rooms that opened onto a gallery that surrounds the central courtyard. Since all the rooms and the corridor were filled with chaff and grain and the outer walls served as the back of adjacent houses, I was unable to measure this caravanserai.After 14 km you reach the town of Kharame.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 197 Diyalah river : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.632745 long 44.6214 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Diyalah river , Tornas River , ※ SOURCE for Diyalah river « Diyalah river » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No.2 Baghdad 1917} ※ SOURCE for Tornas River « 1. On the Tornas River (probably the modern Diyala [Kurdish: Sirwan]), which empties into the Tigris below Baghdad see E. Herzfeld in Sarre and Herzfeld, Archaologische Reise 2:88; and Markwart, Provincial Capitals 59. See also Mango and Scott, Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor 455–56 n. 12. » #2858 Getzel M. Cohen, The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2013, ~ p. 118/498 pdf Dizabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061257 coordinate: lat 34.4903 long 49.1811 NIMA/GNS names: Dizabad , ديز آباد , VARIANT names: Dizabad , ※ SOURCE for Dizabad « Dizābād contains 200 houses but no decent accommode tion; water is supplied by a canal from the river. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 239 Dizfoul bridge : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.381837 long 48.390432 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: see image [The Bridge at Dizfoul], 1840s-60s. Artist Possibly by Luigi Pesce. (Photo by Heritage Art/Heritage Images via Getty Images) VARIANT names: Dizfoul bridge , Dizful bridge , ※ SOURCE for Dizful bridge « Reconnaissance Sketch of the Dizful Bridge’ [10v] (2/2) » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 27/92 Dizful : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061127 coordinate: lat 32.381577 long 48.40585 NIMA/GNS names: Dezfool , Dezful , Dizful , دزفول , VARIANT names: Dizful , ※ SOURCE for Dizful « It is at a distance of fifteen miles in a south-west direction from Dizful that the prodigious mounds of Shush, or Susa, stand up little river Shaur (originally Shapur), which rises at no great distance to the north and flows in a deep, narrow bed below the Tomb of Daniel, and between the larger rivers Ab-i-Diz (Eulæus), six and a half miles distant on the east, and the Kerkhah (Choaspes) one and a half mile distant on the west. The latter river divided the populous quarter of the ancient city from the citadel and palace. the entire circumference of the mounds is from six to seven miles. » #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892 ~ vol. 2 p. 309 « 0 Dizfül (alt. 525 ft.) General direction to Qal'ah Huseiniyeh is NNW. Cross the Diz by bridge, and proceed over Sahra-i-Lür, a treeless plain, cultivated in places: the road is stony but otherwise good. » #3521 A Handbook of Mesopotamia, Volume II, Irak, The Lower Kārūn, and Luristan, Admiralty and War Office, London, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 262 « From Khorremabad to Dizful there are three caravan routes, but only two of those would be available for the construction of the road, as the direct route passing over the Kialan mountains is much too difficult to be thought of.Route No. 1, marked on map, passes along the direct route as far as Deliz Pass, and from that poins strikes away to the west to avoid the Kialan mountains, while route No. 2 takes a western course from Khorremabad, and joins route marked No. 1 at point A on plan. On route No. I three small bridges would be required to be built, the first near Shahinshah, the second between Shimish and Nasrabad, and the third between Nasrabad and Deliz; and on route No. 2 three large bridges would require to be built at Pul-i-Keshkou, Madian-Rud and Pul-i-Dokhter, while from point A on map to Dizful two bridges would be required, one over the Leilum, and one over the Fani. The bridge across the Ab-i-Zal is in a fairly good condition. Traffic might be carried on by route No. 1 without any bridge work at all, but it would be with much difficulty that carts could ford the rivers on route No. 2. » #3531 Correspondence, Printed Papers and Newspaper Cuttings Relating to the Persian Bank Mining Rights Corporation Ltd, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/71, in Qatar Digital Library, 1889-92 ~ p. 549/588 Djeve : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.565187 long 53.516798 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Djeve , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Djevé AT Hena' lat 28.565187 long 53.516798 [[PBR]], ※ SOURCE for Djeve « 8 février. Même direction. Nous remontâmes la rivière d'Akoun à travers une plaine bien cultivée; après avoir fait environ quatre farsangs, nous trouvâmes le petit village de Djevé, et, un farsang après, Djarroun, [February 8. Same direction. We went up the Akoun river across a well-cultivated plain; after having made about four farsangs, we found the small village of Djevé, and, one farsang later, Djarroun,] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 523 Do Baneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061501 coordinate: lat 29.4181 long 52.7816 NIMA/GNS names: Do Baneh , Donbeh , Dowbaneh , Downbeh , Dunheh , دوبنه , VARIANT names: Do Baneh , Dobeneh , ※ SOURCE for Dobeneh « but afterwards the plain opened out, the road following the line of the lake; about 8 miles from the village of Maharlu, passed a place which is known as Dobeneh; there is no habitation, but several disused wells and a couple of trees known as the bench, a class of wild pistachio. About 5 miles before reaching the village, passed through ground under cultivation which contin-ued up to the village. Just before entering it, there was a small stream of water, clear and sweet. This stream is used some little distance up in the hills to drive a mill. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ pp. 1-2 Do Kali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRMQ UFI: -3061414 coordinate: lat 32.378723 long 54.721647 NIMA/GNS names: Do Kali , Mazra`eh-ye Do Kali , دو کالی , مزرعه دو کالی , VARIANT names: Do Kali , Doh Kulli , ※ SOURCE for Doh Kulli « The road from Yazd to Tabbas joins the road from Ardakan to that place in the ravine just mentioned, a few miles before reaching Doh Iiulli, as this sniall spring of water is called. » #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.), 3:9:513-46 ~ p. 516 Do Kuhak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061432 coordinate: lat 29.7922 long 52.415 NIMA/GNS names: Do Kuhak , Dow Kuhak , Dudehak , Dukuhak , دو کوهک , VARIANT names: Do Kuhak , Do Lengeh (J12, J13) : arch. site IRN UTM: none NIMA/GNS dataset coordinate: lat 27.815317 long 52.349125 VARIANT names: Do Lengeh (J12, J13) , ※ SOURCE for Do Lengeh (J12, J13) « Do Lengeh (J12, J13) is a scatter of pottery and traces of foundations about two kilometres east of Velayat (Jam) on a terrace north of the river. The ceramics suggest a relatively early, possibly Sasanian, occupation. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 83 Do Lengeh (J12-13) online reference link [accessed 26 Jan 2024] Do Polan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061510 coordinate: lat 31.919332 long 50.604725 NIMA/GNS names: Do Polan , Do Polan , Dooplan , Du Pulan , دپلن , دو پلان , دو پلن , VARIANT names: Do Polan , Dopoloun , Do-Pulan , Dopulun , ※ SOURCE for Dopoloun « Reached Dopoloun, a little village of about 50 houses, at 3 p.m. The Kuh-i-Sebze stream falls into the Kohrenk or Karoun opposite the village, the former is crossed by a common country bridge, but the latter is spanned by a solid one built of brick. » #3542 Walter Baring and Captain H Wells, Report on a journey to Shuster, Dizful, Behbehan, and Shiraz, ~ p. 6 ※ SOURCE for Do-Pulan « NAGHAN-DO-PULAN, 5½ hours.Road crosses the Ab-i-Sabz-i-Kuh. Thence fairly good to the top of the pass and a long and wearisome descent to Do-Pulan, Very little camping-space. What there is, is mostly wheat fields. Small village and chaikhanch. Height at Do-Pulan, 4950 feet. » #3530 Vita Sackville West, Twelve Days An Account of a Journey Across the Bakhtiari Mountains in South-Western Persia, Doubleday, Doran and Co.,, 1928 ~ p. 139 ※ SOURCE for Dopulun « The descent to the Karun before Dopulun is over rocky and difficult ground for the space of about 10 miles. The remedies are simple, and such are the points to which they should be applied. Of the rivers, the Karun is spanned at Dopulun, and at Godar-i-Balutak it is well adapted for a flying bridge, as Major Wells has suggested. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 547 Do Rahak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 227165 coordinate: lat 27.94693 long 51.960589 NIMA/GNS names: Do Rahak , Dorahak , Dowrahak , Ganabi , Genabi , دراهك , دوراهک , گَنَبی , VARIANT names: Do Rahak , Do Saran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061567 coordinate: lat 29.785074 long 51.784155 NIMA/GNS names: Do Saran , Dosiran , Dosiru , Dow Saran , Dowsiran , Dusiran , Dusirun , Dust-e Iran , دوست ایران , دوسیران , دوسیرون , VARIANT names: Do Saran , Do Shakh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3374546 coordinate: lat 32.1833333 long 64.2166667 NIMA/GNS names: Do Shakh , VARIANT names: Do Shakh , Dooshakh , Doshakh , ※ SOURCE for Dooshakh « Dooshakh » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 29 Turkmenistan 1916} ※ SOURCE for Doshakh « 9. Doshakh (12 miles 7 furlongs-109 miles 2 furlongs). Water abundant; one or two villages and some cultivation in the vicinity; the road hard and level the whole way. At the village of Sur, 6 miles from Zerak, forage is procurable, and if Sadat were made a halting-place Sur would form another at a distance of 8 miles from it. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 332 Dodej : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061781 coordinate: lat 29.5426 long 52.9759 NIMA/GNS names: Dodej , Dowdej , Dudeh , Dudej , Duder , Qal`eh Dudij , دودج , VARIANT names: Dodej , Du Deh , Dudadj , ※ SOURCE for Du Deh « The 24th mile brought us near the village Du Deh, and soon afterwards we came to a tract of turf, moist and boggy, and intersected by small deep streams. The country here is studded with wells, the water of which is raised for irrigation. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 77 ※ SOURCE for Dudadj « Dudadj is 38 km from Kharame and also has a monumental gate to the Qal'a, this time with round towers. Here too there are lion sculptures in the cemetery (Table 97. 3). [Dudadj is 38 km from Kharame and also has a monumental gate to the Qal'a, this time with round towers. Here too there are lion sculptures in the cemetery (Table 97. 3).] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 197 Dogan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194486 coordinate: lat 28.901359 long 54.126509 NIMA/GNS names: Dogan , Dogan-e Sofla , Doghan , Dugan , دوگان سفلی , VARIANT names: Dogan , ※ SOURCE for Dogan « There was no evidence to be seen of this area ever having had an adequate supply of water from surface drainage, such as might have made settled occupation possible here in prehistoric times. This may explain why the search subsequently made from our camp at Dogan failed to reveal prehis-toric remains within the eastern extremity of the Shash-deh valley. But in another direction it was rewarded by an interesting and very promising discovery. When I arrived at Dogān, a small Ainālu hamlet, after a to miles' march from Shash-deh, » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 164 Dogi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3374653 coordinate: lat 32.2572222 long 62.9508333 NIMA/GNS names: Doghi Kala , Dogi , Dowgi , Dughi Kala , VARIANT names: Dogi , Doha : place QAT NIMA/GNS feature: PPLC UFI: -785169 coordinate: lat 25.2866667 long 51.5333333 NIMA/GNS names: Ad Dawha , Ad Dawhah , Ad Doha , Ad Dowhah , Dawhat al Qatar , Doha , VARIANT names: Doha , ※ SOURCE for Doha « Yousef Al Majid of Doha (Qatar) was still building dhows at the time of interviewing him in April 1992, travelling to Calicut to order wood and hire workmen.29 His order of timber was from 300 to 600 tons of wood which he would ship to Doha and when unloaded in his shipyard at the Al-Amiriyya, he would leave it in the sun for at least two years so that it dried out completely. » #2620 Dionisius A. Agius, Seafaring in the Arabian Gulf and Oman People of the Dhow, Taylor and Francis, 2012 ~ p. 29 « The Ruler of Qatar followed suit in 1916 after the withdrawal of the Ottoman garrison at Doha. These agreements bound the rulers into exclusive political relations with, and ceded control of their external affairs to, the British Government.23 This was the final step in the Gulf Arab states’ formal incorporation into the Indian Empire. fn. 23. For analysis of the treaties, see J. B. Kelly, “The Legal and Historical Basis of the British Position in the Persian Gulf,” St. Antony’s Papers, no. 4: Middle Eastern Affairs, vol. i (London: Chatto and Windus, 1958), 119-40; David Roberts, “The Consequences of the Exclusive Treaties: A British View,” in The Arab Gulf and the West, ed. Brian R. Pridham (London: Croom Helm, 1985), 1-14; Husain M. Al-Baharna, “The Consequences of Britain’s Exclusive Treaties: A Gulf View,” The Arab Gulf and the West, 15-37; Al-Baharna, The Legal Status of the Arabian Gulf States: A Study of Their Treaty Relations and Their International Problems (Manchester: Manchester Univ. Press, 1968). » #1672 Onley, James, Britain’s Informal Empire in the Gulf, 1820-–1971, Journal of Social Affairs, 2005 22:87: ~ p. 42 Dohat Qabal : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -788320 coordinate: lat 26.03434 long 56.428166 NIMA/GNS names: Dawhat Qabal , Doha Qabal , Dohat Qabal , Duhat Kabal , VARIANT names: Dohat Qabal , ※ SOURCE for Dohat Qabal « Qabal (Dohhat) درجة قبل [name] On the east coast 6 miles north of Limah [position] Inlet 1 miles wide at the entrance: it runs inland for over 3 miles turning south as it goes. [nature] The cove teema with fish. In a valley at its head are several huts of Bani Shatair Shihah. They are herdsmen and fisher- men and their diet consists largely of shellfish (Strombus Baluchiensis), but they have only 1 boat. In a western branch of the same valley are ruins of an extensive village which was built of large stones without mortar. This place is closely connected with Limah by land, and there is said to be a route from here over the hills to Khasab. [remarks] » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1611 Dokuhak Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 29.793072 long 52.416631 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dokuhak Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Dokuhak Caravanserai « Karavanserail Dokuhak (Do Kuhak) (Taf. 8,3.4) (Abb. 5; 82) (63)Lage: 28 km nordwestlich von Shiraz (Zentrum) und 41 km südöstlich Sangar, 6 km südlich des Dorfes Guyom (Guyum) mit dem sasanidischen Felsrelief (64), in +1740 m ü. N. N., am Weg von Shiraz nach Khuzestan und nach Ar-dakan. Es ist ein qadjarisches Karavanserail von einem nur noch in nicht meßbaren Resten erhaltenen, älteren, wohl sa-favidischen Bau (Abb. 82, links) zu unterscheiden.Zum jüngeren Bau:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit zwei Iwanen, drei Stallabtei-lungen und einem Wohnhof in der nordwestlichen Ecke.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 57 × 53 m, Hofabmessungen 37,50 × 34 m (Abb. 83), Gebäudehöhe 5 m (Abb. 84).Baumaterial: Bruchsteinmauerwerk, verputzt.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Sehr stark be-schädigt.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Qadjarisch, 19. Jahrhundert. fn. 63 Das Karavanserail Dokuhak wurde am 24.4.1975 vermessen.fn. 64 E. Herzfeld, Reisebericht, ZDMG N.F. 80, 1926, 250. [Dokuhak (Do Kuhak) Caravanserai (Plate 8,3.4) (Fig. 5; 82) (63)Location: 28 km northwest of Shiraz (center) and 41 km southeast of Sangar, 6 km south of the village of Guyom (Guyum) with the Sasanian rock relief (64), at +1740 m above sea level, on the road from Shiraz to Khuzestan and Ardakan. A Qajar caravanserai can be distinguished from an older, probably Safavid structure (Fig. 82, left), only immeasurable remains of which remain.Regarding the more recent structure:Type: Courtyard caravanserai with two iwans, three stables, and a residential courtyard in the northwest corner.Dimensions: External dimensions 57 × 53 m, courtyard dimensions 37.50 × 34 m (Fig. 83), building height 5 m (Fig. 84).Building material: Rubble masonry, plastered.Structural features and condition: Very badly damaged.Inscriptions: None known.Dating: Qajar, 19th century. fn. 63 The Dokuhak caravanserai was surveyed on April 24, 1975.fn. 64 E. Herzfeld, Travel Report, ZDMG N.F. 80, 1926, 250.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 51 Dolab castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.587784 long 53.576129 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dolab castle , Dom Shahr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061485 coordinate: lat 27.2704 long 57.0128 NIMA/GNS names: Dom Shahr , Domshahr , Dovom Shahr , Dumshehr , دم شهر , دمشهر , دوم شهر , VARIANT names: Dam-i-shahr , Dom Shahr , ※ SOURCE for Dam-i-shahr « At 7-47 A.M. passed on the left hand a good-sized village called Dam-i-shahr, and at 8-5 A.M. a second, called Noband. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 27 Dom Sorkh Laki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061490 coordinate: lat 33.5071 long 47.7073 NIMA/GNS names: Dom Sorkh , Dom Sorkh Laki , Khowshnamvand , Khvosh Namvand , خوشناموند , دم سرخ , دم سرخ لكی , VARIANT names: Dom Sorkh Laki , Dombona carav. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 30.80261 long 52.357621 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: unable to verify it as a caravanserai but ruins indicate square 25m building VARIANT names: Dombona carav. , ※ SOURCE for Dombona carav. « From Khushk-i zard, after half a farsakh the trav-eller, leaving Madar-i Dukhtar (Mader dochter) to the left (the beginning of another shorter but much more difficult road to Shiraz) arrived at the kara-vansaray of Dombona, which had been built by a well-known eunuch, Aqā Kāfür, and after another seven farsakhs reached the village of Asupas. » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 73 Dombona river : stream grp 39 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.944902 long 52.313393 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dombona river , domed hauz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.293353 long 46.206867 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: domed hauz , ※ SOURCE for domed hauz « At 12 miles is a domed haurz. About this point the divide is passed where water flows east and west. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 151 Dominalu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061449 coordinate: lat 28.447336 long 51.526556 NIMA/GNS names: Domanalu , Dominalu , دمنالو , دُمينالو , VARIANT names: Dominalu , Duninalu , ※ SOURCE for Duninalu « Duninalu » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Donbi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061504 coordinate: lat 33.0506 long 51.8001 NIMA/GNS names: Donbi , Dowmbi , Dumbi , دنبی , VARIANT names: Donbi , Rige , ※ SOURCE for Rige « The 26th daye att night we came to Rige, a poore towne lying on a playne; the water here is somthing brackish; here we piched in a caravaseraw, hauing traveled 3 lges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 67 Donbi Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.050296 long 51.798488 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Donbi Caravanserai , Dor : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061541 coordinate: lat 33.288644 long 50.629923 NIMA/GNS names: Dar , Dor , Dorr , Dowr , Durr , در , VARIANT names: Dhor , Dor , Dur , ※ SOURCE for Dhor « Dhor » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt Khuzestan, Boyerahmad va Kohgiluyeh, Caharmahal va Bakhtiari und Esfahan} ※ SOURCE for Dur « At 22 miles is the commencement of two qanāts, of which one is new. On the left aro gardens belonging to Asafäbäd and Dür. At 23½ miles is the village Dür, which contains 200 houses, 700 sheep, and three qanats. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 236 Dor Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none NIMA/GNS dataset coordinate: lat 33.286688 long 50.631828 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dhor Caravanserai , Dor Caravanserai , Karavanserail beim Ort Dhor(Dar/ Dor) , ※ SOURCE for Dhor Caravanserai « Après une descente parfois tortueuse, on atteint le village et le caravansérail de Dhor (site 13) daté de 15 52, c'est-à-dire du règne du safavide Châh Tahmasp I. Ce monument réparé et embelli plus tard en 1679 sous Châh Soleyman, est assez bien conservé. Non loin de Dhor, au pied de la montagne, à l'Est, des mines d'argent sont encore épisodiquement exploitées; elles tinrent jadis un rôle appréciable en cette région. [After a sometimes tortuous descent, we reach the village and caravanserai of Dhor (site 13) dating from 1552, that is to say from the reign of the Safavid Shah Tahmasp I. This monument, repaired and embellished later in 1679 under Shah Soleyman, is fairly well preserved. Not far from Dhor, at the foot of the mountain, to the east, silver mines are still occasionally exploited; they once played an appreciable role in this region.] » #3345 Siroux, Maxime, Anciennes voies et monuments routiers de la région d'Ispahân, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1971 ~ p. 11 ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail beim Ort Dhor(Dar/ Dor) « Karavanserail beim Ort Dhor(Dar/ Dor) (Taf. 5.3.4) (Abb. 12; 50) (48)Lage: 14 km nordwestlich des Karavanserails Madar-e Shah Dhor (Dar/Dor)/Mader-e Shah Dor und 3,5 km südöst-lich des Qal'ch Atabaki, in +2000 m ü.N.N., am Karawanen-weg von Esfahan nach Golpayegan und weiter nach Hama-dan und Tabriz.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, vier Stallabtei-lungen, äußeren Eck- und Mitteltürmen und vorgezogenem Portalbau.Abmessungen: 55 x 47,50 m (Außenmaße ohne Turm und Portalvorsprünge), 28,40 x 21 m (Hofabmessungen). Der Portalbau erreicht eine Höhe von 9,70 m (Abb. 51). ... Inschrift: Steininschriften am Portalbau datieren das Ka-ravanserail in die Regierungszeit des Shah Tahmasp (1524-1576 A.D.) und Reparaturinschriften fallen in die Zeit des Shah Suleiman (1666-1694 A.D.).Datierung: Safavidisch, 16. und 17 Jahrhundert.fn. 48 Siroux, 2.a.O., 126f. Die Schnitte und Ansichten wurden am 6. 6. 1987 vermessen. [Caravanserai near the village of Dhor (Dar/Dor) (Plate 5.3.4) (Fig. 12; 50) (48)Location: 14 km northwest of the Madar-e Shah Dhor (Dar/Dor)/Mader-e Shah Dor caravanserai and 3.5 km southeast of Qal'ch Atabaki, at +2000 m above sea level, on the caravan route from Isfahan to Golpayegan and further to Hamadan and Tabriz.Type: Courtyard caravanserai with four iwans, four stable compartments, outer corner and central towers, and a projecting portal.Dimensions: 55 x 47.50 m (external dimensions without tower and portal projections), 28.40 x 21 m (courtyard dimensions). The portal structure reaches a height of 9.70 m (Fig. 51). ... Inscription: Stone inscriptions on the portal structure date the caravanserai to the reign of Shah Tahmasp (1524–1576 A.D.), and repair inscriptions date to the time of Shah Suleiman (1666–1694 A.D.).Dating: Safavid, 16th and 17th centuries.fn. 48 Siroux, 2.loc., 126f. The sections and elevations were surveyed on June 6, 1987.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 32 Dorak canal : stream grp 31 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 30.549724 long 48.516713 VARIANT names: Dauraq canal , Dorak canal , ※ SOURCE for Dauraq canal « b. The river of Arrajan (§ 29, 16.), which is now called Maran, flows first to the north until it joins the river of Ram-Hurmuz; then their joint stream, called Jarraḥi, flows south-westwards to Fallahiya and, through the Dauraq canal, comes into connexion with the Khor-Müsa creek (which is the terminus of the new Trans-Persian railway). » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 213 ※ SOURCE for Dorak canal « Dorak canal » in {map#1164 Set of 12 Maps of the Euphrates-Tigris River System, Chesney, Francis Rawson, 1849, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 5662.013} maps XI and XII Dorak river : stream grp 31 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 30.620407 long 48.722789 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dorak river , Dorak river : stream grp 31 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 30.555243 long 48.742377 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dorah Fl. , Dorak river , ※ SOURCE for Dorah Fl. « Dora[h?] or Dora[k?] Fl. » in #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882, ~ table XV ※ SOURCE for Dorak river [Merging the map in {map#1063 Kuwait State. Basra Division. Khuzistan Province. - 'Iraq, Kuwait and Persia. No. 10 B and C, Khuramshahr (Mohammerah), , , British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3737, f 76, in Qatar Digital Library} with google earth, the « Dorak river » branches from the Rudkhaneh-ye Jarahi at coodinate lat 30.697158° long 48.712158°, passes Khazineh (coordinate lat 30.683333, long 48.716667), Buziyeh (coordinate lat 30.656263, long 48.724991), Hadbeh (coordinate lat 30.640457, long 48.735125), Haji Musallam (coordinate lat 30.596944, long 48.7375), Sheykh Badir (coordinate lat 30.583333, long 48.75) and Khurduraq (coordinate lat 30.561389, long 48.737222) merging with Khor Doraq at about coordinate lat 30.5552430° long 48.7423770°. PBR] « KHOR MOOSA is a great salt water inlet, receiving the water of the Dorak river, and perhaps a branch of the Karun. It runs in a N. by W. direction, passing about 5 m. to W. of Deireh Island ; but is not sufficiently known to be attempted without a pilot. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1874, ~ p. 275 « ENTRANCE OF THE DORAK RIVER. The entrance of the Dorak river is in lat. 30° 21' 10" N., long. 48° 55' 10" E. The town of Dorak, the residence of the Chief of the Chaab Arabs, is situated thirty-three miles NE. from the entrance, but about forty-four by the river. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985, ~ p. 581 « The British and the Turks, presuming that Karim Khan was still friendly towards them and that he himself had a great interest in destroying Shaikh Salman, decided to carry their operations against Kaᶜb into Persian territory,(297) but the British fleet could not penetrate the small creek which led to Doraq. It remained, therefore, in the river of Shatt alᶜArab to protect trade and to prevent any of the Kaᶜb Gallivats from bringing supplies or from handicapping the Allies' operation in any way. Simultaneously the Turks established a camp near Doraq. Fn. 297 B.P.C., Vol. 29. Letter from Basra, June 30, 1766 » #2977 Abdul Amir Amin, British Interests in the Persian Gulf 1747-1778 - thesis, University of Maryland, 1962 ~ p. 148 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.103664 long 48.714725 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Daurakistan , Dawrakistan , Dorakistan , Dorges , Dorgestan , Dorghestan I. , Dorghestan, I. de , Margastana , ※ SOURCE for Daurakistan « Daurakistan (Dorakistan), westward of Khor Musa, is a low swampy tract intersected by creeks, extending to Khor Bahmishir, a distance of about 18 miles; its southeastern end is named Bu Seif (Sif). » #2932 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf, Including the Gulf of Oman and the Mekrán Coast, Hydrographic Office, United States, 1931 ~ p. 291 ※ SOURCE for Dawrakistan « The swampy area between Shadagān and the coast of the Persian Gulf is still known as Dawrakistan. The name is also preserved in the Khawr Dawrak, a northern arm of the Khawr Mūsa, the large inlet of the Gulf which bounds Dawrakistān on the east and north-east. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 p. 181 ※ SOURCE for Dorakistan « Khor Musa is a great salt water inlet, receiving the water of the Dorak River, … The low coast on the West side of this creek, as far as Khor Bamishir, bears the name of Dorakistan. » #2944 Alexander G. Findlay, A Directory for the Navigation of the Indian Ocean, Published for Richard Holmes Laurie, 1866 ~ p. 702 « Dorakistan » in {map#1061 Lower Mesopotamia Between Baghdad and the Persian Gulf., War Office, London, 1915, Geographicus, New York} ※ SOURCE for Dorges « Dorges (53 B, 54 B, 72 B, 100 B): [Daraqestän] Shádegin » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ p. 419 ※ SOURCE for Dorgestan « Dorgestan, I. (93 B): [Daraqestän] Shadegan » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ p. 419 « Dorgestan » in {map#1056 Map of Susiana or Khoozistan, , , #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 } ※ SOURCE for Dorghestan I. « Dorghestan I. » in {map#1006 Imperii Persici In Omnes Suas Provincia, Johann Baptist Homann, 1720, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Stock# 64524} see AHduGP map 99 « Dorghestan I. » in {map#1071 To the Right Honourable William Lord Cowper Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain This Map of Asia according to ye Newest and Most Accurate Observations …, Herman Moll, 1740, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Stock 79953} see AHduGP map 88 ※ SOURCE for Dorghestan, I. de « Dorghestan, I. de » in{map#1070 l'Arabie et de la Perse Dressée sur les Memoires les plus recens rectifiéz par les Observations de Mrs de l'Académie Rle des Sciences, Paris, Guillaume Delisle, 1701, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE BB 565 (14, 2)} see AHduGP map 68 ※ SOURCE for Margastana « Margastana » in {map#1056 Map of Susiana or Khoozistan, , , #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 } « Quant à la petite île Margastana, que le Périple indique dans ce golfe,nos cartes modernes, très-peu détaillées sur ces parages,nous laissent ignorer son emplacement.Le nom de Margastanaparoît être le même que Marganistan, qui, en persan, signifie un lieu où l'on trouve des perles, ou peut-être du corail, car le mot est ambigu. [As for the small island Margastana, which the Periplus indicates in this gulf, our modern maps, very little detailed on these parts, let us ignore its location. The name of Margastana appears to be the same as Marganistan, which, in Persian, means a place where one finds pearls, or perhaps coral, because the word is ambiguous.] » #2703 P.-F.-J. Gossellin, Recherches sur la géographie systématique et positive des anciens. Tome 3 / ; pour servir de base à l'histoire de la géographie ancienne., Impr. de la République, 1798-1813 ~ vol. 3 p. 84 Doroh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061536 coordinate: lat 32.2879 long 60.4955 NIMA/GNS names: Doreh , Doreh , Doroh , Doruh , Duruh , درح , VARIANT names: Daroo , Doroh , Draw , Duro , Duruh , ※ SOURCE for Daroo « Daroo-14 parasangs-walled village, 300 houses; inhabited by an agricultural population and shepherds of the Arab race. » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 437 ※ SOURCE for Draw « The 12th, four p. where we had to dig for water. The 13th, eight p. and the 14th five p. to a village named Draw, [Durra,] where we remained ad ay, as it is the custom of those who travel with camels to rest once in four or five days. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 215 ※ SOURCE for Duro « Der folgende Tag hieß uns im Dorffe Duro, da wir Herrliche Trauben und Granatapffel genung hatten/ruhen. [The following day we spent the day in the village of Duro, where we had plenty of delicious grapes and pomegranates.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 66 ※ SOURCE for Duruh « The road from Lash Juwain to Birjand, at first over a dreary plain or undulating tract, becomes less barren and more mountainous on approaching the large village of Duruh. The only mention I can find of this section of country by former travellers is in a bare record of the names and distances of five stages, which form part of a long route given by Kinnier from Kandahar to Bushahr, with a remark to the name Duruh, "through a barren country called the Desert of Despair." » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 75 Doroh Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.28668 long 60.499668 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Darah Caravanserai كاروانسراي درح VARIANT names: Doroh Caravanserai , Doru Ahmad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061550 coordinate: lat 27.886997 long 51.592528 NIMA/GNS names: Doru Ahmad , Dorud , Dorud-e Ahmad , Dowru Ahmad , Dru Ahmad , Dur-i- Ahmad , Pasgah-e Entezami-ye Dorud Ahmad , پاسگاه انتظامی درود احمد , درو احمد , درود , دورو احمد , VARIANT names: Doru Ahmad , Dorudzan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061552 coordinate: lat 30.2092 long 52.4449 NIMA/GNS names: Dorudzan , Drudzan , درودزن , VARIANT names: Dorudzan , Dorudzan dam : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 30.202414 long 52.433071 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dorudzan dam , ※ SOURCE for Dorudzan dam « itel: Dorudzan, Fars Province 1988 - General view of the shifted Achaemenian dam Bildnummer: D-DAI-EUR-TEH-DIA-AWK-19827 Aufnahmedatum: 1988 Bildautor/in: Wolfram Kleiss Verantwortlichkeit für das Bild: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut Copyright DAI » Dorudzan Dam, Dorudzan, Iran online reference link [accessed 10 Apr 2025] NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.4405556 long 48.3347222 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Dos Porcos , Porca? , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Dos Porcos AT Jazirat Faylakah lat 29.4405556 long 48.3347222 [Slot], ※ SOURCE for Dos Porcos « 154 — Jlha dos porcos » #2661 Luís De Albuquerque e Maria Catarina Henriques Dos Santos, Atlas de Lazaro Luis 1563 Códice da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, A Academia, 1990 ~ Toponómos e legendas as folhas cartográficas do Atlas FOL. 5V. [O-E] « Jlha dos porcos » in {map#884 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 5V. [O-E], Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see PMC vol. 2 EST 216 and AHduGP map 31 « dos Porcos » opposite « Isle des Aguada » in {map#988 Carte Particuliere d'une Partie d'Asie ou sont Les Isles D'Andemaon, Ceylan, Les Maldives, Pierre Mortier, 1700, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Map Collection Stock# 66433} see AHduGP map 51 « The first realistic images of the Gulf appear on nautical charts produced by Portuguese cartographers. Generally nautical charts are less pretentious though more interesting than geographical maps. The nautical charts stand closer to real observation. The earliest examples of these date from very soon after the arrival of Portuguese ships in the Gulf, but it took some time before the Portuguese obtained knowledge about the Upper Gulf. The first known Portuguese nautical charts to cover the entire Gulf are by Gasparo Viejas; both are kept in Florence. They show a number of small islands on the coastline between the Shatt al-Arab and Bahrain, but as they have no names in that area they are of no specific value for the history of Kuwait.(6) The first nautical chart to show something real in the area of Kuwait was one by Lazaro Luis in 1563.(7) Portuguese maps give two names in relation to Kuwait: off the coast there is an island called Ilha de Aguada (Island of the Well), and one or two small islands or cliffs called Dos Porcos (Two Pigs). Some maps give nautical indications near the islands, which is always a sure sign that European shipping has passed through. There can be no doubt that Ilha de Aguada is the island Faylaka, and, as such, these maps are the oldest historical maps containing indisputable references to parts of Kuwaiti territory. The reference to Dos Porcos is more difficult to locate, Awha being the most probable choice. Near Awha there is a low rocky patch two feet above the surface, which is almost a small island. This could have been the second of the 'Two Pigs'. The second Portuguese nautical chart of the Gulf to mention Aguada is by Fernão Vaz Dourado of 1570. It is slightly different from the previous in that it puts two small islands or cliffs to the south of Aguada.(8) These Portuguese maps and maps derived from them of a later date contain another name in the region of Kuwait: Sar, usually on the mainland opposite Ilha de Aguada. This name which occurs on the best maps of the Portuguese tradition which do not contain fictive names, might possibly be identified with Ras al Zor. fn. 6 Cortesão, Monumenta, vol. 1, plate 50. fn. 7 Cortesão, Monumenta, vol. 2, pl. 216, see also plate 1. fn. 8 Cortesão, Monumenta, vol. 3, pl. 580 » #2617 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, Center for Research and Studies on Kuwait, Kuwait, 1998 ~ p.12 « I.l dos procos » north of and shown larger than « I.l daguado » in {map#392 Kaart van een gedeelte Persische Golf van Mascate tot Bassora, Anoniem / Anonymous, 17th C, Nationaal Archief, no. VEL0220} see AHduGP map 45 « Plate 27 - Part of the Portuguese map with the conspicuous Gulf of Kuwait in the Grote Schuur Library. Faylaka is called Dos Porcos. This might seem with this conspicuous feature a very original map, but some mutilated names of places such as Amadam [Abadan?) and Hamoha [Manahon?] indicate careless copying from a Sanson version. (Grote Schuur Library, Cape Town) » #2617 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, Center for Research and Studies on Kuwait, Kuwait, 1998 ~ p. 70 ※ SOURCE for Porca? « Porca? » in {map#1086 Carte anglaise du Golfe Persique, Anonyme anglais, 1600-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 2 RES} see AHduGP map 85 Dovi Dun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194461 coordinate: lat 26.766667 long 54.783333 NIMA/GNS names: Dovi Dun , Dui Dun , دوی دون , VARIANT names: Dovi Dun , Dow Gonbadan : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061393 coordinate: lat 30.3586 long 50.7981 NIMA/GNS names: Do Gonbadan , Dow Gonbadan , Du Gunbadan , Gachsaran , دو گنبدان , گچساران , VARIANT names: Do GonBadan , Doghúmbézún , Dow Gonbadan , ※ SOURCE for Do GonBadan « Do GonBadan » in {map#1132 Abb. 2 Karte von West- und Südwest-Iran mit Eintragung von Befunden, , , #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~} ※ SOURCE for Doghúmbézún « The high mountains to the N. are thinly sprinkled with trees, as is the valley of Doghúmbézún; but the chain which stretches to the S. is more barren and lower than the N. line of hills. Doghúmbézún is a ruined kárvánseráï, built near a spring of water, in a perfectly wild and desert place. At some distance, among the hills, is the Kal'eh Arú, a fort ... The distance from Doghúmbézún to Behbehán is generally said to be 12 farsangs (45 miles); but I doubt whether it be so much.» #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~ p. 84 ["if there was a caravanserai, it seems to be destroyed now, or at least I don't have a record of it." in correspodence from the Caravanserais of Iran dataset provided by the EAMENA Project Endangered Archaeology in the Middle East and North Africa, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford at online reference link ] ※ SOURCE for Dow Gonbadan [caravaserai ? PBR] NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.0160046730809 long 56.3873999312569 VARIANT names: Dowhat Qabal 31a , ※ SOURCE for Dowhat Qabal 31a #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 50 Dowhat Qabal 31b : arch. site OMN UTM: DD388775 converted to coordinate: lat 26.0151059717967 long 56.3884039122293 VARIANT names: Dowhat Qabal 31b , ※ SOURCE for Dowhat Qabal 31b #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 51 Dowhat Qabal 31c : arch. site OMN UTM: DD389770 converted to coordinate: lat 26.0105955309925 long 56.3894265596356 VARIANT names: Dowhat Qabal 31c , ※ SOURCE for Dowhat Qabal 31c #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 51 Dowlatabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073917 coordinate: lat 31.826182 long 49.005826 NIMA/GNS names: Dowlatabad , Manhus , Manhush , Mankhush , منحوش , VARIANT names: Dawlatabad , Dowlatabad , ※ SOURCE for Dawlatabad « Dawlatabad » in {map#1363 in #3538 Captain H. E. Wells, Surveying Tours in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, vol. 5:no. 3:pp. 138-163 ~ fig. map to accompany article} Dowlatabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061624 coordinate: lat 28.1446 long 52.2702 NIMA/GNS names: Daulatabad , Dowlat Abad Dezhgah , Dowlatabad , دولت آباد , دولت ابد د?گه , VARIANT names: Dowlatabad , ※ SOURCE for Dowlatabad « Dowlatabad » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} Dowlatabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 10800426 coordinate: lat 32.267217 long 51.518204 NIMA/GNS names: Dowlatabad , دولت آباد , VARIANT names: Daulatabad , Dowlatabad , ※ SOURCE for Daulatabad « It was only when we reached the water system of the Zendah Rud, at Daulatabad near Ispahan, that we were again able to enjoy the vegetation; there it is artificial, and melons, peaches, and many varieties of luscious fruit, grow in the pleasant gardens beneath the hot sun. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 535 Dowlatabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 153067 coordinate: lat 28.8025 long 52.509444 NIMA/GNS names: Dowlatabad , VARIANT names: Dowlatabad , Qal'eh Daoulatabad , ※ SOURCE for Qal'eh Daoulatabad « Un grand village aperçu à l'ouest de Qal'éh Daoulatabad s'appelle Nounderoun. A un farsakh de distance vers le nord-ouest se trouve Déhnaou, village possédant un poste de gendarmerie. Une autre agglomération des environs est Salamatabad. De Qal'éh Daoulatabad à Firouzabad, tout droit vers le nord-est, la distance est d'un peu plus de deux farsakhs. Khevidjan, le premier village sur cette route, est à un peu plus d'un farsakh; de là à Aminabad il y a un demi farsakh et d'Aminabad à Bagh-Chah, un quart de farsakh; cette dernière localité se trouve aussi à un quart de farsakh de Firouzabad. [A large village seen to the west of Qal'eh Daoulatabad is called Nounderoun. At a distance of one farsakh towards the northwest is Dehnaou, a village with a police station. Another town in the vicinity is Salamatabad. From Qal'eh Daoulatabad to Firouzabad, straight towards the northeast, the distance is a little more than two farsakhs. Khevidjan, the first village on this road, is a little more than a farsakh; from there to Aminabad it is half a farsakh and from Aminabad to Bagh-Shah a quarter of a farsakh; this last locality is also a quarter of a farsakh from Firouzabad.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 178 Dowlatabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061626 coordinate: lat 28.3191 long 56.6398 NIMA/GNS names: Daulatabad , Dowlatabad , Dowlatabad Arzoo'eyeh , Dowlatabad Esfandaqeh , Dowlatabad-e Arzu'tabad-e , دولت آباد , VARIANT names: Dowlatabad , Dowlatabad (D2) : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.14422 long 52.267822 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dowlatabad (D2) , ※ SOURCE for Dowlatabad (D2) « Dowlatabad (D2), 500 m south of the village of Dowlatabad in the southeast corner of the valley, is a high square mound, identical to Tall Pa-yi Tall (60 × 60 m x 12 m high) and surrounded by a moat. Some baked bricks were found halfway down the slope on the west. A modern fort stands on the top in the southeastern corner. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 92 Dowlotabad (D2) online reference link [accessed 01 Oct 2024] Dowrudgah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061551 coordinate: lat 29.3347 long 51.1125 NIMA/GNS names: Darudgah , Dorudgah , Dowrudgah , Drudgah , درودگاه , دورودگاه , VARIANT names: Dhurroga , Dowrudgah , ※ SOURCE for Dhurroga « Dhurroga » in {map#1129 Map of Asia Minor Armenia and Koordistan, , 1816, #3020 John Macdonald Kinneir, Journey Through Asia Minor, Armenia, and Koordistan in the Years 1813 and 1814, John Murray, London, 1818 ~} ※ SOURCE for Dowrudgah « Dowrūdgāh : see Dorūdgāh [name] | PPL [design.] | 29 ° 20'N [lat.] | 51 ° 07'E [long.] | IR22 [area] | WN14 [UTM] | NH39-11 [jog. no.] » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vol. A-J p. 484 Dozag : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061745 coordinate: lat 27.392021 long 56.269122 NIMA/GNS names: Dezekeh , Dozag , Dozak , دزكه , دزگ , دزک , VARIANT names: Dozag , Dozak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061745 coordinate: lat 27.392021 long 56.269122 NIMA/GNS names: Dezekeh , Dozag , Dozak , دزكه , دزگ , دزک , VARIANT names: Dozak , Dozdan river : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3061755 coordinate: lat 27.616667 long 57.383333 NIMA/GNS names: Duzdan , Rud-e Dozdan , Rudkhaneh Duzdan , Rudkhaneh-ye Dozdan , رود دزدان , رودخانۀ دزدان , VARIANT names: Dozdan river , ※ SOURCE for Dozdan river source of river originates near Golashkerd and flows down to become the Minab river Dozgah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061768 coordinate: lat 28.163 long 52.2538 NIMA/GNS names: Dezh Gah , Dozgah , د? گاه , VARIANT names: Desgua , Dozgah , ※ SOURCE for Desgua « Desgua, autre rivière salée, 3 [another salt river, 3] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 492 Dragon Minaret FireTemple : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.101694 long 51.454833 VARIANT names: Dragon Minaret FireTemple , ※ SOURCE for Dragon Minaret FireTemple The stone tower known as Dom-e Mil at Nūrabad online reference link [accessed 01 Jan 2025] Du Pulan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061510 coordinate: lat 31.919332 long 50.604725 NIMA/GNS names: Do Polan , Do Polan , Dooplan , Du Pulan , دپلن , دو پلان , دو پلن , VARIANT names: Du Pulan , Dubai : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -782831 coordinate: lat 25.258172 long 55.304717 NIMA/GNS names: Dabei , Dibai , Dibay , Dubai , Dubai , Dubay , Dubayy , Fort Dabei , دبي , VARIANT names: Dubai , Oabey , Oalcy , ※ SOURCE for Dubai « Sharjah, several miles down the coast, was also ruled by a Qasimi shaikh, while the intervening ports, Jazirat al-PIamra, Umm al-Qaiwain, Hamriyah, and 'Ajman acknowledged the Qasimi supremacy. Beyond Sharjah, at the port of Dubai, the authority of the Qawasim ceased and that of the Bani Yas, the second of the two major confederacies of the Pirate Coast, began. » #12 Kelly, John Barrett, Britain and the Persian Gulf 1795-1880, Oxford University Press, London, 1968 ~ pp. 20-21 ※ SOURCE for Oabey « Oabey. Oalcy, dabom [Portuguese name] Dabom [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Oalcy « Oabey. Oalcy, dabom [Portuguese name] Dabom [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 Dughabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061794 coordinate: lat 35.084951 long 58.854502 NIMA/GNS names: Dughabad , دوغ آباد , VARIANT names: Dughabad , Dui Dun caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.766239 long 54.78332 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dui Dun caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Dui Dun caravanserai « At 10 miles pass the small caravanserai of Dui Dun on the right of the road as well as 2 dry tanks, and descend gently over open ground. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 3 Dukhtar Pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3194455 coordinate: lat 29.566012 long 51.800555 NIMA/GNS names: Dukhtar Pass , Gardaneh-ye Dokhtar , Gardaneh-ye Kotal Dokhtar , Kotal-e Dokhtar , Kutal-i-Dukhtar , گردنه کتل دختر , VARIANT names: 'Daughter's ' Pass , Dukhtar Pass , Kotal-e Dokhtar , ※ SOURCE for 'Daughter's ' Pass « The kotals are four in number: The Kotal-i-Mallu, -the Accursed Pass; the Kotal-i-Kumarij; the Kotal-i-Dokhter, the Pass of the Daughter; and the Kotal-i-Pir-i-Zan, the Pass of the Old Woman. ... Soon after leaving Kazerun came the cold and repellent ' Daughter's ' Pass. Cold she was in very truth when I visited her, for she was clad in ice and snow. Crossing a causeway over a marsh and passing an ill-executed stone picture in the rock—a late imitation of the great Sassanian works—we set about the ascent. A fine piece of work, this road, up the precipitous rock, zigzagging with turn after turn, until at last, at the top, it bursts out upon an undulating piece of ground from which there is to be seen a view which is ample reward for the painful climb. After » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ pp. 61 and 110 ※ SOURCE for Dukhtar Pass « Opposite the SERRA CHENG Amnieh Post a track leads off on to a where a stone platform has been erected in readiness for a gun emplacement. The spur commands the whole of the pass below the MIAN KUTAL SARAI and the road running across the plain to the DUKHTAR Pass (Mile 119½). » #3207 General Staff, India, M.T. Routes in Persia. Volume 1 – Main Routes. 1942, ~ p. 169 ※ SOURCE for Kotal-e Dokhtar « Por otro lado, Stein pensó que la etapa inal daba la vuelta hacia el Este, en las proximidades de Kāzerūn. Esta teoría ha sido seguida por algunos investigadores. Mientras que es verdad que el camino que va hasta Dašt-e Arjan (y desde ahí a Širāz y Persépolis) sobre el Kotal-e Dokhtar y el Kotal-e Pir-e Zan, es más corto, unos 135 km, que la vía que se dirige a través de Farrāšband y Firūzābād, que sin embargo es menos ardua. [On the other hand, Stein thought that the final stage turned towards the East, in the vicinity of Kāzerūn. This theory has been followed by some researchers. While it is true that the road leading to Dašt-e Arjan (and from there to Širāz and Persepolis) over the Kotal-e Dokhtar and the Kotal-e Pir-e Zan, is shorter, about 135 km, than the route leading through Farrāšband and Firūzābād, which is however less arduous.] » #3397 Joaquín Velázquez Muñoz, Problemas en torno al camino real aqueménida entre Susa y Persépolis: rutas y estaciones/Problems at around Achaemenid Royal Road between Susa and Persepolis: Routes and Stations, Gerión, 2013 31:pp. 147-178 ~ p. 154 « Another incident involving the British occurred in autumn 1865. While on their migration to their winter quarters, the Qashqa'is destroyed twenty miles of telegraphic wire between Shiraz and the Kotal-e-Dokhtar (near Kiazerun). They also broke 580 insulators and used many of the poles as firewood. The British, who had just constructed the line and were responsible for its operation, discovered that one of the major offenders was a minor Qashqa'i leader by the name of 'Ali Khan Beg, who had caused the fall of a large span across the nearby Kotal-e-Pir-e Zan by smashing a lower supporting insulator with a bullet from his gun. » #3169 Pierre Oberling, The Qashqā’i Nomads of Fārs, De Gruyter Mouton, The Hague, 1974 ~ p. 66 Dukhtar Varjist bridge ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.594276 long 48.28675 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dukhtar Varjist bridge ? , ※ SOURCE for Dukhtar Varjist bridge ? « 13 Cross the Bala Rüd just above the broken bridge of Dukhtar Varjist. Descent to river easy. Stream 100 yds. wide in deep bed full of boulders, with banks generally steep: fordable except after heavy rain. Ascend opposite bank by steep path and cross a series of ridges and ravines. » #3521 A Handbook of Mesopotamia, Volume II, Irak, The Lower Kārūn, and Luristan, Admiralty and War Office, London, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 262 Dulab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3808637 coordinate: lat 26.6832 long 55.4673 NIMA/GNS names: Dulab , Mahalleh-ye Sarrig , Sarig , Sarrig , دولاب , سريگ , محله سرريگ , VARIANT names: Dulab , Dúlu , ※ SOURCE for Dúlu « Between Gurán and Básidu are the following villages:- Cháhu, about 7 miles from Gurán, a small scattered village chiefly inhabited by fishermen, about half a mile from the coast, with a date grove to the N.W. of it; this place is opposite Kishkúh hill, already described, and there is a white tomb near it, which is seen from the strait. Dúlu and Tersai, two small villages, with date trees, about 3 miles from the last; the inhabitants are cultivators and fishermen. Kunársiya, a larger place, one mile from the last, and 94 from Básidu point, lies about a mile from the shore, and has a date grove north of it. Neither of these last three are seen from the strait. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 224 Duma Kail : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.606022 long 48.656274 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Duma Kail , ※ SOURCE for Duma Kail « About 7 miles to the north-west is the Kaleh Ab-i-Diz (Kaleh Shahad), the strongest place the Ilkhani has. Route No. 27 connects here. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 120 « Several "ilyat" encampments are seen to our left front, and we en-camp near one close to a stream in the deep undulating plain of Duma Kail which is considerably cut up by ravines. » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 44/92 Dungenim, Dirachtengan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.4777777777778 long 57.2333333333333 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dungenim, Dirachtengan , ※ SOURCE for Dungenim, Dirachtengan « Ortsbestimmungen zwischen Kermån und Enar.. Breite Länge Dungenim, Dirachtengån + 30 28 40 57 14 0 Lange von Lentz. » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~p. 359 Duqm : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786790 coordinate: lat 19.65 long 57.7 NIMA/GNS names: Ad Duqm , Duqm , Quwairat , Quwayrat , الدقم , VARIANT names: Duqm , ※ SOURCE for Duqm « With the agreement of the Duru' shaykhs to co-operate with PDO in return for assistance in their struggle against the Imam, PDO was able to move ahead. An advance base had already been established in the spring of 1954 at al-Duqm (on Oman's southern coast in the Gulf of al-Masirah) and the joint PDO/MOFF column headed north in June to establish a camp at Jahal Fahud far in the interior. In late October, after the new Imam had seized date gardens belonging to the Duru in retaliation for their co-operation with PDO, the MOFF occupied Ibri without opposition. Imam Ghalib thereupon accused the Sultan of breaking the 1920 ‘Treaty of al-Sib’ and on 25 November 1954, he sent a membership application to the Arab League. » #63 Peterson, J. E., Britain And 'the Oman War': an Arabian Entanglement, Asian Affairs, London, 1976 ~ p. 287 Durak-e Qanbar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061847 coordinate: lat 31.759022 long 50.423622 NIMA/GNS names: Durak Qanbar , Durak Qanbari , Durak-e Qanbar , دورک قنبری , VARIANT names: Durak-e Qanbar , Dureh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: AREA UFI: 221585 coordinate: lat 33.536944 long 47.959167 NIMA/GNS names: Dowreh , Dureh , VARIANT names: Dureh , Dusari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061569 coordinate: lat 28.425 long 57.9425 NIMA/GNS names: Do Sari , Dow Sari , Dusari , Hasari , دو ساری , VARIANT names: Dosari , Dusari , ※ SOURCE for Dosari « halting on New Year's Day, we moved on the 2nd January two marches in a N.N.-easterly direction to Dosari, the residence of another petty chief, Jahangir Khan. This person sent his son to meet us with a retinue, much as we had been honoured with at Khànu; but he could give us no tidings of our "Mihmandar." » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 66 ※ SOURCE for Dusari #1103 p114 map Dushak : place TKM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2558416 coordinate: lat 37.1944444 long 60.0127778 NIMA/GNS names: Dusak , Duschak , Dushak , VARIANT names: Dushak , ※ SOURCE for Dushak ref1399 Curzon Persia map Dutangi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.618025 long 56.898821 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dutangi , ※ SOURCE for Dutangi « Dutangi » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Bandar_Abbas G-40C 1942} « Turning N. the road enters an extensive plain surrounded by high mountains with an open valley running up to the S.E. The road is up a valley that lies to the N.E. This plain is known as Do-Tang (the two passes), because the two roads-one from Ahmadi, and one from Jaruft-here unite. There is no village here nor any of this name; but the village of Sulu Ghar lay about a mile to the W., and another village, called Kor, lay 2 miles E. at the foot of the mountains. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 49 Dutch house (Lar) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.682307 long 54.330629 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dutch house (Lar) , ※ SOURCE for Dutch house (Lar) « AFter many ups and downs and a great deal of turning and winding between Hills, amongſt many Tamarisk and fome Conar Trees; about five a Clock we arrived at the Dutch Houſe, which is near the Town of Lar, three Agatfch from Pai Chotali, but theſe Agatſch ſeemed to me to be very long: this is a very neat Houſe, with lovely Courts and Chambers, and a fair Stable after the Franky Faſhion it belongs to the Dutch Company. There is a Kervanʃeray a little farther whither the Caravans go, but both Franks and Armenians Lodge at the Dutch Houſe. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 131 « Jetzt weiter SO, dann SW ½ Stunde zu der Vorstadt, durch die ich weiter gehe Süd durch Tangen und Friedhöfe, am Schloß vorbei, ebenso an Båbå Baschir vorüber, das rechts im Winkel des Berges oder Hügels liegt, und wei ter unter dem Fort rechts vorbei zum Hause der Hollände. [Now continue SE, then SW ½ hour to the suburb, through which I continue south through tangents and cemeteries, past the castle, also past Båbå Bashir, which lies on the right in the corner of the mountain or hill, and further under the fort on the right over to the Dutch house.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 120 « I do not see the use of the Company’s house in Lar,(49) since there are only yearly expenses without any benefit. The expenses of this year will, inevitably, serve to prevent further decay; [f.767r.] during my staying in Lar, it was already somewhat run-down. I have tried to sell this property when I was in Lar recently but regrettably, I didn’t manage to do so. Because of a lack of buyers, I haven’t been able to convince the Company to offer the house for the cost price or somewhat lower, which to my mind would be better than to maintain it against high expenses. If you have the opportunity to sell the house one way or another, arrange matters as favorably as possible for the Company, considering the permission given by the High Government in Batavia through its letter of the 30th of August 1696. [f.767v.] The new lodging is still worked on and not yet ready to move into, so you will have to stay in the old run-down lodging. Therefore, there will inevitably be some small repairs to be done. However, we advise you to economize as much as you can, as we advise you to do in all other situations as well. fn. 49 A city in the south of Iran. » #3236 Dr. Ali Kavani, Dutch, Persians and Silk A Comprehensive Report (1702), Nowruz Publishers, Michigan, 2021 ~ pp. 22-3 Duvun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194462 coordinate: lat 29.55 long 54.366667 NIMA/GNS names: Dovon , Duhu , Duvun , VARIANT names: Duvun , Duwwan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061237 coordinate: lat 26.581123 long 54.584738 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Divan , Bandar-e Rivan , Divan , Duwwan , Ruvvan , ديوان , VARIANT names: Dehoun , Duan , Duwwan , ※ SOURCE for Dehoun « Dehoûn » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Duan « Duan » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} « Duan » in {map#1320 'tracing showing the route and coast line from Mogoo bay to the town of Bunder Abbas. (vide report no. 6 of 1864)' [?236a] (1/2) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, ST 393, vol 17, p 236a, in Qatar Digital Library, , 1864, } Duzdgah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.589703 long 54.800136 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: On the map this is shown as an area. VARIANT names: Duzdgah , ※ SOURCE for Duzdgah « Duzdgah » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} [this name on the map covers an area about 10 kms west to east between Badini and the moutains to the south.PBR] Duzdu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061761 coordinate: lat 28.91239 long 54.678219 NIMA/GNS names: Dozdu , Duzdu , دزدو , VARIANT names: Duzdu , ※ SOURCE for Duzdu « After a short ascent over a stony spur it led us into a thickly wooded winding gorge, which we followed down to a spot known as Gul, where a small open space and a pool holding rain-water allowed us to camp after a total march of about 20 miles. After a night which brought a violent rain-storm and, at an elevation of 7,300 ft., a bitterly cold wind, the march was resumed northward. Badly ruined walls about Gul seemed to indicate the former existence of plantations and possibly of dwellings also. Moving over more open ground to the NW. we passed the wells of Duzdu and Chah-dimeh in hollows, marking summer camps of nomads. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 203 Duzeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061899 coordinate: lat 28.7014 long 52.961 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Duzuyeh , Duzeh , Duzeh-ye Vahmandeh , دوزه , VARIANT names: Deh Zir , Duzeh , Simkan , ※ SOURCE for Deh Zir « At 1 mile track bifurcates, north to Khafr, south to Haidarābād; take south track. At 2 miles track bifurcates again just west of Jumgun; many gardens and excellent water from qanāts. One track goes to Khafr, the S. one to Haidarābād. Take latter, and reach last named at 3 miles, walled village: water from ganāt. Track here bifurcates north to Qutbābād, S. to Bab Arab and Deh Zir; take S. track. At 10 miles date groves of Bab' Arab and Deh Zir at foot tail of Küh-i-Fasā are visible. Bāb' Arab bears S.-E., Deh Zir E. At this point track diverges direct to Deh Zir, reached at 16 miles. Ab-i- Fasā dry in summer and always fordable, crossed at 12 miles. At 14 miles pass water (brackish) and cultivation. At 16 miles walled village of Deh Zir, walled gardens. Kalantar Muhammd Hussain Khan, of bad reputati » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 136 ※ SOURCE for Simkan « Simkan and Hirak.(2) Simkan is a small town but most pleasant, and the wonder of the world, for this reason, that through its midst runs a river, spanned by a bridge, and in the one half of the city which stands on the hillside along this bank of the stream the climate is of the cold region. In this quarter there are only vineyards, producing such abundance of grapes that these fetch no price, so they [dry and] press them for the most part, making a condiment (3) thereof, while some being kept are left till a syrup is formed, which after boiling down, coagulates into a block that becomes hard as stone. These blocks [of grape-raisins] are made very large, and before one can eat of them they have to be soaked in two or three times their weight of water. Further, they are sold at a very cheap rate. And as to the quarter of the city which lies on the other side of the river, this is entirely of the hot region, where fn. 2 Simkan is now the name of the district of which the chief city, doubtless older Simkan, is called Dizah. Htrak, or Habrak (for the rending is uncertain), is no longer to be found on the map. According to the Itinerary it stood half-way between Simkan (Dizah) and Kärzin (FNN. 225). fn. 3 The terms used are 'asir, "squeezed" or "expressed", and 'allagah, "hung up," that is, "oured," "preserve." » #3077 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum Asiatic Society Monographs XIV, Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1912 ~ n p. 46 EAMENA-0207203 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.531956 long 56.955354 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207203 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207203 C. EAMENA-0207203 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207216 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.247251 long 56.578249 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207216 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207216 C. EAMENA-0207216 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207218 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.290565 long 57.078198 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207218 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207218 C. EAMENA-0207218 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207234 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.896013 long 56.993674 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207234 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207234 C. EAMENA-0207234 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207235 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.408168 long 55.986896 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207235 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207235 C. EAMENA-0207235 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207236 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.292915 long 56.361456 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207236 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207236 C. EAMENA-0207236 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207240 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.187549 long 56.815162 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207240 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207240 C. EAMENA-0207240 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207241 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 31.068323 long 56.901019 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207241 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207241 C. EAMENA-0207241 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207242 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.738481 long 57.036817 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207242 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207242 C. EAMENA-0207242 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207243 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.6766 long 57.15479 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207243 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207243 C. EAMENA-0207243 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207253 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.34715 long 56.129852 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207253 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207253 C. EAMENA-0207253 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207489 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 31.362853 long 56.822529 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207489 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207489 C. EAMENA-0207489 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207491 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.060154 long 57.291117 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207491 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207491 C. EAMENA-0207491 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207492 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.406982 long 55.991839 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207492 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207492 C. EAMENA-0207492 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207498 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.180994 long 58.125005 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207498 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207498 C. EAMENA-0207498 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207503 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.528281 long 57.590218 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207503 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207503 C. EAMENA-0207503 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207504 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.902155 long 57.461029 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207504 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207504 C. EAMENA-0207504 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] EAMENA-0207505 C. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.698891 long 57.629481 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: EAMENA-0207505 C. , ※ SOURCE for EAMENA-0207505 C. EAMENA-0207505 C./Khan - Islamic (Iran) - Kerman online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] Ebrahimabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 145559 coordinate: lat 29.0005 long 52.5619 NIMA/GNS names: Ebrahimabad , ابراهیم آباد , VARIANT names: Ebrahimabad , Ibrahimabad , Khajai , ※ SOURCE for Ibrahimabad « 7 148 m. IBRAHIMABAD(KHAJAI) 181 m. General direction N.. From Firūzābād proper, which as above remarked, lies beyond, i.e., to the E. of the regular caravan road, several roads lead westward, rejoining at 4 or 5 miles, » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 216 ※ SOURCE for Khajai « 7 148 m. IBRAHIMABAD(KHAJAI) 181 m. General direction N.. From Firūzābād proper, which as above remarked, lies beyond, i.e., to the E. of the regular caravan road, several roads lead westward, rejoining at 4 or 5 miles, » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 216 « It is worth noting that there is not now any particular village designated as Khajai, that name being given to the plain or districts extending from the Halalu to the beginning of the Zanjirān pass, and comprises amongst others the villages of Ibrāhimābād, Ghiuakun, Saridan, and Zanjirān. Ibrahimābād is a small village with the fort and about 60 families, 25 cows and oxen, 30 donkeys, 100 sheep and goats. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 218 « At this point, one road to left front leads direct to Fírozábád. At 19 miles reach the hamlet of Khájái, situated on the banks of a deep and rapid stream, which turns several mills and waters numerous willow and plane plantations. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 736 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.522222 long 55.626111 VARIANT names: Ad Dour , ed-Dur , POSSIBLE LOCATION at ed-Dur FOR Omana [D.T. Potts], ※ SOURCE for Ad Dour « Ed Dur, also known as Al Dour and Ad Dour (Arabic: ?لدُّوْر, romanized: Ad-Dūr, lit. 'The Houses')[1][2] is an Ancient Near Eastern City, today located in Umm Al Quwain, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).[3] One of the largest archaeological sites in the emirates,[4] comprising an area of some 5 km2 (1.9 sq mi), the coastal settlement overlooks Al Beidha Lake. One of the most important archaeological finds in the UAE, and closely associated with the inland trading centre of Mleiha, Ed Dur has been dubbed 'one of the most significant lost cities of Arabia'.[5] » wikipedia ※ SOURCE for ed-Dur « Today, ed-Dur occupies an area behind some large dunes, just to the east of the highway leading to Ra’s al-Khaimah and about 7 kilometres north of the turn-of for Umm al-Qaiwain. On the western side of the road is the silted embayment of Khor al-Yfrah, which was, perhaps, a natural harbour in the past. Ed-Dur is a sprawling site, over 2 kilometres long (north–south along the highway) and about 1 kilometre across. » #2773 D.T. Potts, In the land of the Emirates: The archaeology and history of the UAE, Trident Press and Sultan bin Zayed's Culture and Media Centre, Abu Dhabi, 2012 ~ p. 119 « Ed Dur, also known as Al Dour and Ad Dour (Arabic: ?لدُّوْر, romanized: Ad-Dūr, lit. 'The Houses')[1][2] is an Ancient Near Eastern City, today located in Umm Al Quwain, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).[3] One of the largest archaeological sites in the emirates,[4] comprising an area of some 5 km2 (1.9 sq mi), the coastal settlement overlooks Al Beidha Lake. One of the most important archaeological finds in the UAE, and closely associated with the inland trading centre of Mleiha, Ed Dur has been dubbed 'one of the most significant lost cities of Arabia'.[5] » wikipedia « Given the prominence of ed-Dur and the unmistakable signs of contact with many other parts of the world, from the Mediterranean to India, it is tempting to try to identify the site with one of the emporia on the Erythraean Sea mentioned in contemporary Greek and Latin sources. … Since the ed-Dur excavations revealed such a wealth of imported material, suggesting that the site was a major emporium, the ancient name that many scholars have identiied it with is Omana. » #2773 D.T. Potts, In the land of the Emirates: The archaeology and history of the UAE, Trident Press and Sultan bin Zayed's Culture and Media Centre, Abu Dhabi, 2012 ~ p. 130 Eel Begghi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.463124 long 53.056976 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Eel Begghi , ※ SOURCE for Eel Begghi « and half a mile beyond the village of Segdawan. Thence we made about two-thirds of a mile to the camp of the Eel Begghi, near which I was met by his nephew and a numerous party of horsemen. The camp was pitched amidst a grove of palm-trees, and here I was kindly welcomed by the chief, whose name is Mohamed Kady Khan, » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 169 Eklid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062111 coordinate: lat 30.898854 long 52.697011 NIMA/GNS names: Eklid , Eqlid , Iqlid , Shahrestan-e Eqlid , اقلید , VARIANT names: Eklid , Emamzadeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062063 coordinate: lat 33.537119 long 50.324294 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh , Emamzadeh Ebrahim , Emamzadeh Shahzadeh Ebrahim , Imamzadeh Ibrahim , امامزاده ابراهیم , امامزاده شاهزاده ابراهیم , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh , Imamzadeh , ※ SOURCE for Imamzadeh « At 22½ miles is Imāmzadeh, a village of 300 houses, with a qarat and 1,000 sheep. Yearly produce is 1,500 kharwars of grain. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 237 Emamzadeh `Abbas `Ali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10341172 coordinate: lat 30.8196 long 52.3464 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh `Abbas `Ali , امامزاده عباس علی , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh `Abbas `Ali , Emamzadeh Abu ol Qasem : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10810817 coordinate: lat 34.06588 long 50.48827 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh `Isa , Emamzadeh Abu ol Qasem , Hakimeh-ye Khatun , Shahzadeh Abu ol Qasem , امامزاده ابو القاسم , امامزاده عیسی , حکیمه خاتون , شاهزاده ابو القاسم , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Abu ol Qasem , Emamzadeh Aqa Mir Mohammad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: -3760612 coordinate: lat 29.138647 long 51.655535 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Aqa Mir Ahmad , Emamzadeh Aqa Mir Mohammad , امامزاده آقا میر احمد , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Aqa Mir Mohammad , shrine , ※ SOURCE for shrine [no place name given - description used for Route 3 stage 004a. PBR] « at 10 miles reach a shrine (imāmzadeh) built on a hill to E. of road, and stream of good water. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 52 Emamzadeh Baba Habib : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: -3054243 coordinate: lat 33.31298 long 47.572144 NIMA/GNS names: Baba Habib , Baba Habib Emam , Baba Habib Imam , Emamzadeh Baba Habib , Emamzadeh-ye Habib , امامزاده بابا حبیب , امامزادۀ بابا حبيب , امامزادۀ حبيب , باب هبيب , بابا حبيب امام , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Baba Habib , Emamzadeh Ebrahim Naranji : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10423471 coordinate: lat 27.7727 long 54.3826 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Ebrahim Naranji , امامزاده ابراهیم نارنجی , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Ebrahim Naranji , Imanzadeh Mir Ebrahim , ※ SOURCE for Imanzadeh Mir Ebrahim « Folgt man der Straße weiter so passiert man bei Km 21 das östlich der Route gelegene mittelalterliche Imanzadeh Mir Ebrahim und die kleine Palmenoase Hormut-e Lar und[If you continue following the road, at km 21 you will pass the medieval Imanzadeh Mir Ebrahim and the small palm oasis Hormut-e Lar to the east of the route] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ p. 3 Emamzadeh Esma`il : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10382052 coordinate: lat 30.3182 long 52.5865 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Esma`il , امامزاده اسماعیل , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Esma`il , Emamzadeh Esma`il : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: -3083976 coordinate: lat 29.143912 long 53.433406 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Esma`il , Emamzadeh Shah Esma`il , Shah Esma`il , امامزاده اسماعیل , امامزاده شاه اسماعیل , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Esma`il , ※ SOURCE for Emamzadeh Esma`il « En descendant dans la vallée , nous n'y trouvâmes qu'une terre aride , presque sans arbres . A droite et à gauche sont deux caravansérails. Le premier s'appelle Imám-Zadé- Ismaïl ; le second , Bidek. Nous suivons un canal souterrain et découvrons à gauche les décombres de deux villages abandonnés [Going down into the valley, we found only arid land, almost without trees. To the right and left are two caravanserais. The first is called Imám-Zadé-Ismaïl; the second, Bidek. We follow an underground canal and discover on the left the rubble of two abandoned villages] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 344 « Cette montagne s'appelle la montagne d'Ujon, à cause du village qui en est proche, et aussi la montagne d'iman Zadé (2), à cause d'un tombeau d'un fils d'iman, qui est enterré dans un autre village au bas de la montagne. Ce tombeau est au milieu d'une grande mosquée, entourée de beaucoup de bâtimens fort ornés et de jardins.Le saint qui y est enterré, s'appelle Ismaïl, et est fils de l'iman Jafer (*). de mettre le pied dans la mosquée Cependant a fn. 2 Koutel imân Zadeh Ismail, suivant Thévenot, qui fut plus d'une heure à la mouter. (L-s.) [This mountain is called Mount Ujon, because of the nearby village, and also Mount Imam Zadeh (2), because of the tomb of an imam's son, who is buried in another village at the foot of the mountain. This tomb is in the middle of a large mosque, surrounded by many ornate buildings and gardens.The saint buried there is called Ismail, and is the son of Imam Jafer (*).to set foot in the mosque. However,fn. 2 Koutel Imam Zadeh Ismail, according to Thévenot, who spent more than an hour watching it. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 228-9 Emamzadeh Esma`il : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062064 coordinate: lat 30.3189 long 52.5866 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Esma`il , امامزاده اسماعیل , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Esma`il , Emamzadeh Esma'il Karavanserail : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) Supplement: On the southern edge of the village stood the caravanserai, which was completely demolished. The village school now stands in its place. VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Esma'il Karavanserail , ※ SOURCE for Emamzadeh Esma'il Karavanserail « Emamzadeh Esma'il (Isma'il) (Abb. 5; 132) (93)Lage: Etwa 25 km (Luftlinie) südlich des Karavanserails Ab Barik und 20 km nördlich des Karavanserails Mahin, südlich unterhalb eines Passes, in + 1730 m ü. N. N., an der Kurzstrecke von Esfahan nach Shiraz. ... Am nördlichen Ortsrand steht das Emamzadeh Esma'il, ein modern umbautes, safavidisches Kuppel-Emamzadeh. Am südlichen Ortsrand stand das Karavan-serail, es wurde vollständig abgerissen. An seiner Stelle steht heute die Schule des Ortes. fn. 93 Der Ort Emamzadeh Esma'il wurde am 21. 9. 1988 besucht. [Emamzadeh Esma'il (Isma'il) (Fig. 5; 132) (93)Location: Approximately 25 km (as the crow flies) south of the Ab Barik caravanserai and 20 km north of the Mahin caravanserai, south of a pass, at +1730 m above sea level, on the short route from Isfahan to Shiraz. ... On the northern edge of the village stands the Emamzadeh Esma'il, a modernly rebuilt, Safavid domed emamzadeh. On the southern edge of the village stood the caravanserai, which was completely demolished. The village school now stands in its place.fn. 93 The village of Emamzadeh Esma'il was visited on September 21, 1988.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 78 Emamzadeh Firuz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10801764 coordinate: lat 28.086568 long 54.047938 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Firuz , امامزاده فیروز , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Firuz , ※ SOURCE for Emamzadeh Firuz « Shahz. Firuz » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lae-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ in Abb.7. Benaru, Lageplan p. 294 Emamzadeh Hoseyn : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 13899683 coordinate: lat 28.496296 long 53.545497 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Hoseyn , امامزاده حسین , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Hoseyn , Sjaſada Hoſſein , ※ SOURCE for Sjaſada Hoſſein « Drie broeders, van den Hertog van Lhaar, die te Jaroon woonden, quamien zyn Ed: wel een halve myl van die plaats inhaalen geleidden zyn Ed tot het Moors Tempeltje Sjaſada Hoſſein, en beſchonken hem net eenige, mondkoit. [Three brothers of the Duke of Lhaar, who lived at Jaroon, came to overtake his son: about half a mile from that place, they led his son to the Moorish temple of Shazada Hozain, and gave him some drink.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 274 Emamzadeh Ja`far : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: -3756280 coordinate: lat 30.915928 long 52.448784 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Ja`far , امامزاده جعفر , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Ja`far , Emamzadeh Khalil Akbar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10734216 coordinate: lat 33.173304 long 48.140919 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Khalil Akbar , Ziaratgah-e Khalil Akbar , امامزاده خلیل اکبر , زیارتگاه خلیل اکبر , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Khalil Akbar , Emamzadeh Mir Abdollah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 11726511 coordinate: lat 28.984889 long 51.025792 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Mir `Abdollah , امامزاده مير عبدالله , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Mir Abdollah , Meer Aldilla , ※ SOURCE for Meer Aldilla « Meer Aldilla » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} Emamzadeh Mohammad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 144066 coordinate: lat 28.3207 long 55.1956 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Mohammad , Emamzadeh-ye Mohammad , امامزاده محمد , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Mohammad , ※ SOURCE for Emamzadeh Mohammad « and at about 3 miles off had Forg before us; an easy hour's ride took us in. The plain is nearly circular, with several date topes about. We also saw two blue-domed Imamzadehs in the distance. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 15 Emamzadeh Pir Qeyb : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 11975764 coordinate: lat 28.435886 long 56.170651 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Pir Qeyb , امامزاده پیر غیب , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Pir Qeyb , Emamzadeh Sabzeh Pushan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: -3194518 coordinate: lat 29.7384 long 50.3283 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Sabz Pushan , Emamzadeh Sabzeh Pushan , Emamzadeh-e-Sabzpushan , Emamzadeh-ye Sabz Pushan , Imamzadeh-i-Sebzpushan , امامزاده سبز پوشان , امامزاده سبزه پوشان , امامزادۀ سبز پوشان , VARIANT names: C. Bang , Emamzadeh Sabzeh Pushan , Sabz Pushan , Sous Pochoan , ※ SOURCE for C. Bang « C. Bang » in {map#1117 Chart of the Head of the Gulph of Persia, John McCluer (Dalrymple edition), 1786, British Library: 435.k.17, folio 367} ※ SOURCE for Sabz Pushan « SABZ PUSHAN is a slightly projecting rocky point, with hillocks 40 to 50 feet high, and covered with jungle, close to the shore. On the summit is a small tomb, only seen when close in. A rocky shore reef extends 1 to 1 cables off this point, and there is a little water course close to eastward of it. The coast, just above Sabz Pushan, runs N.W. for 7 miles, and thence trends rather to the northward, for 17 miles more; there are low hillocks covered with shrubs all along it, till near Ras at Tamb, which is a low sandy point forming the South extreme of Duhet Deilim. » #2944 Alexander G. Findlay, A Directory for the Navigation of the Indian Ocean, Published for Richard Holmes Laurie, 1866, ~ p. 701 ※ SOURCE for Sous Pochoan « Sous Pochoan, Cap Bang » in {map#1143 Tab XV Nearchi Navigatio ab Indo ad Euphratum, Karl Müller, 1855, #2730 Karl Müller, Geographi graeci minores tabulae, Editore Ambrosia Firmin Didot, Paris, 1855 ~} Emamzadeh Shah Abu Zakaria : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10437762 coordinate: lat 28.2988 long 55.2291 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Shah Abu Zakaria , امامزاده شاه ابو زکریا , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Shah Abu Zakaria , ※ SOURCE for Emamzadeh Shah Abu Zakaria « and at about 3 miles off had Forg before us; an easy hour's ride took us in. The plain is nearly circular, with several date topes about. We also saw two blue-domed Imamzadehs in the distance. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 15 Emamzadeh Shah Ahmad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: -3083909 coordinate: lat 32.798282 long 47.989045 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Shah Ahmad , Emamzadeh-ye Shah Ahmad , Shah Ahmad , امامزاده شاه احمد , امامزاده شاه احمد , امامزادۀ شاه احمد , شاه اهمد , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Shah Ahmad , ※ SOURCE for Emamzadeh Shah Ahmad « A road diverges here up south bank of river to Kirmānshāh. Road is now stony, but easy: over slopes of Kabir Küh, into which Saidmarreh has cut a deep tang 1 mile south of road. At 16 miles shrine Shah Ahmed Küchikeh is passed (1.950'). » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 149 Emamzadeh Shah Bohlul : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10801765 coordinate: lat 28.081601 long 54.047726 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Shah Bohlul , امامزاده شاه بهلول , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Shah Bohlul , Emamzadeh Shah Esma`il : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10423476 coordinate: lat 27.852458 long 54.415411 Supplement: NIMA/GNS data 27.8541, 54.4163,Emamzadeh Shah Esma`il,SHRN, corrected coordinates VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Shah Esma`il , Shahzadeh Esmael , ※ SOURCE for Emamzadeh Shah Esma`il « This imamzadeh, which is a descendant of Imam Musa Kazem (a.s.), was placed on the entrance boulevard of Dehkoyeh, in front of Zarei Middle School, and this imamzadeh is located in the Dehkoyeh cemetery, and the Martyr's Garden is also located in the north of the imamzadeh, and there is also an ancient monument next to this imamzadeh. Shah Ismail was located, which was not destroyed even in the famous earthquake of 1339 Dehkoyeh, which unfortunately, due to the poor management of the council, the ancient monuments were destroyed and only its photo remains. » online reference link [accessed 25 Mar 2024] ※ SOURCE for Shahzadeh Esmael « bei Km 36 den Ort Dehkuyeh mit dem auffallenden Shahzadeh Esmael. Fast alle europäischen Reisenden des 17. und. 18 Jhts. signalisieren für diesen Ort ein Karavanserail, welches sich aber nicht erhalten hat. [at km 36 the town of Dehkuyeh with the striking Shahzadeh Esmael. Almost all European travelers of the 17th and 18th century Signal a caravanserail for this place, which has not been preserved.] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ p. 4 Emamzadeh Shah Fazlollah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 13838429 coordinate: lat 27.999033 long 54.167079 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Shah Fazlollah , امامزاده شاه فضل الله , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Shah Fazlollah , Emamzadeh Shah Gheyb : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10951960 coordinate: lat 27.908097 long 55.018327 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Shah Gheyb , Shahzadeh Mohammad , Ziaratgah-e Shahzadeh Mohammad , امامزاده شاه غیب , زیارتگاه شاه زاده محمد , شاهزاده محمد , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Shah Gheyb , ※ SOURCE for Emamzadeh Shah Gheyb « Perhaps it was this very wildness and remoteness from humanity that persuaded the holy man, Shah Ghaib, to choose the margin of the salt lake as his home in life and death. Salt country. 1 49 His shrine was to be our resting-place that night ; ... Shah Ghaib's shrine is an oblong stone building, 16 feet high, by 24 long and 15 broad, with a conical blue-tiled dome at one end, which raises the height of the building to 35 feet. Shrine and dome are in good repair, thanks to Fath Ali. The space before the shrine is paved with the tombstones of persons whose bodies have been brought, after death, to lie near that of the saint. Some of these tombstones are of green marble, with rhyming inscriptions handsomely cut. Shah Ghaib was brother of Shah Chiragh of Shiraz, and thus related, in what degree I know not, to one of those extremely holy persons, the Imams.» #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 148-50 Emamzadeh-ye Pir-e Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10378986 coordinate: lat 28.1307 long 52.8442 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh-ye Pir-e Now , امامزاده پیر نو , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh-ye Pir-e Now , Emarat Fikri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.561984 long 54.887193 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Emarat Fikri , ※ SOURCE for Emarat Fikri The Intellectual House (Emarat Fikri, Benay Fikri) online reference link [accessed 19 Feb 2025] Erbil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3106433 coordinate: lat 36.19 long 44.0088889 NIMA/GNS names: Arba`ilu , Arbela , Arbil , Erbil , Hawler , Irbil , VARIANT names: Erbil , Eridu : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: -3105001 coordinate: lat 30.7975 long 45.9777778 NIMA/GNS names: Abu Shahrain , Abu Shahrein , Eridu , VARIANT names: Eridu , Ertefa`at-e Tangevan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLLS UFI: 13532600 coordinate: lat 32.59624 long 48.387589 NIMA/GNS names: Ertefa`at-e Tangevan , ارتفاعات تنگوان , VARIANT names: Ertefa`at-e Tangevan , Tangavan , ※ SOURCE for Tangavan « From the Tang-i-Bahrain, the river forces its way through a succession of charms and gorges, and the track along its bank is utterly im-practicable: indeed, this part of the range is so very precipitous that there is only one single pathway conducting across it from Dizfül to Burüjird; it is followed by Hiäts on foot: it is not to be traversed by a horseman, and is considered the most difficult of all the mountain pathways. It breaks into the Sahneh-i-Lur between the hill forts of Tangavan and Kaleh-i-Shahi. » #3545 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III. IOR/L/MIL/17/15/2/2, Government Monotype Press, India, 1910 ~ p. 8 Esfahak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062134 coordinate: lat 33.38803 long 57.191848 NIMA/GNS names: Amaniyeh , Aspak , Esfahak , Isfa , اصفهک , VARIANT names: Dea-curma , Esfahak , Ispas , ※ SOURCE for Dea-curma « The 28th we went seven p. to Dea-curma. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 215 ※ SOURCE for Ispas Den 18. Augufti kamen wir in das auff einem Hügel gelegene Dorff Iſpas, und fanden allerhand Fruchte in groffer Menge. [On August 18th we came to the village of Iſpas, situated on a hill, and found all kinds of fruit in great quantity.] Esfahanak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013424 coordinate: lat 32.565837 long 51.750442 NIMA/GNS names: Esfahanak , اصفهانک , VARIANT names: Esfahanak , Spahanek , Spahawnet , ※ SOURCE for Spahanek « Lá, on prend à droite par de belles et grandes plaines, laissant à gauche un village nommé Spahanek, ou le petit Ispahan, à cause de sa grandeur qui est de plus d'un mille d'étendue. Il abonde en fruits et en grains; et l'on y voit les ruines d'un fort de terre, qui est à présent tout en pièces. [There, we turn right across beautiful and large plains, leaving on the left a village called Spahanek, or little Isfahan, because of its size, which is more than a mile in extent. It abounds in fruit and grain; and we see there the ruins of an earthen fort, which is now all in pieces.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 193 ※ SOURCE for Spahawnet « The tenth of Aprill wee fet out from Spahawnet a village fix miles South from Spahawn: when we had gone a farfang (three miles,) we were ſtayed by the way to taſte a banquet in a ſpacious garden of the Kings, whither the Engliſh Agent and ſuch other Chriftian Mechants as were in Spaharon came out to attend our Lord Ambaffador: a mile neerer the Citie, the Vifier, the Sultan of Spahawn, Meloyembeg and Hodge nazar the Armenian Prince with foure thousand horse and innumerable foot, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 150 Esfal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062148 coordinate: lat 28.7224 long 52.9376 NIMA/GNS names: Asfal , Esfal , اسفل , VARIANT names: Esfal , Espal-Destaiet , Ispal , ※ SOURCE for Espal-Destaiet « The palm tree begins to reappear. I camped on the banks of the river, opposite the village of Espal-Destaiet on the Tengui-Tachka [The palm tree begins to reappear. I camped on the banks of the river, opposite the village of Espal-Destaiet on the Tengui-Tachka.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 522 ※ SOURCE for Ispal « from above Ispal the road descends on the valley of the Qara Agach, passes Tuzun west of the river, and enters the Simakun plain, » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 2 p. 233 Esfaranjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062171 coordinate: lat 33.442184 long 50.26612 NIMA/GNS names: Esfanjeh , Esfaranjan , Mahalleh-ye Esfanjeh , اسفنجه , محله اسفنجه , VARIANT names: Esfaranjan , Esfaranjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062170 coordinate: lat 31.66575116 long 51.91552618 NIMA/GNS names: Esfaranjan , Esfarjan , Samirum , Semirom , Usburjan , اسفرجان , VARIANT names: Esfaranjan , Eshkaft-e Salman : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HSTS UFI: 10888681 coordinate: lat 31.816936 long 49.847785 NIMA/GNS names: Eshkaft-e Salman , اشکفت سلمان , VARIANT names: Eshkaft-e Salman , Shikefti-Salman , ※ SOURCE for Eshkaft-e Salman « The romantic grotto at the cleft of Shikaft-i-Salman, about 2 miles to the south-west of the central village, with its great rock-carved panels was duly visited (Fig. 45). The perennial spring which issues from a great cavity under frowning limestone cliffs overhanging deep recesses must have attracted worship from the earliest times. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 130 ※ SOURCE for Shikefti-Salman « The cave in which I found these sculptures and inscriptions is known to the Bakhtiyari as the Shikefti-Salman , or cave of Salman, the ' lala ,' or tutor of Ali , the son-in-law and successor of the Prophet Mohammed . » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 406 Eslamabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062315 coordinate: lat 34.108904 long 46.529878 NIMA/GNS names: Eslamabad , Eslamabad-e Gharb , Harunabad , Shahabad , Shahabad-e Gharb , اسلام آباد غرب , VARIANT names: Eslamabad , Haroun-abad , Harunabad , ※ SOURCE for Eslamabad « Haroon-abad, April 9th-four parasangs-seven hours. Aneasy road along the valley, varied occasionally by low wooded hills. This village is situated nearly at the rise of one of the sources of the river Kerah its population inhabit it only in the summer; in the winter they resort to the plain to escape the intense cold. About sixty houses and a caravanserai-shah constitute the village of Haroon-abad » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 23 ※ SOURCE for Haroun-abad « Nous nous mimes en route le lendemain, et campames après fix heures de marche à Haroun-abad (1), gros. bourg; fn. 1 L'habitation d'Aton [We set out the next day, and camped after a seven-hour march at Haroun-abad (1), a large town fn. 1 The dwelling of Aton] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 178 « Descendus dans une plaine, nous passons un pont pour nous rendre à Haroun-Abad. Au-dessous, coule un ruisseau, qui arrose les cltamps des environs. Ge village, de trente feux seulement, est adossé à une colline, et borné de tous les côtés par des monts, dont le plus élevé, à l'E., s'appelle Karadagh (montagne noire). Il s'y trouve un grand caravansérail. [Having descended into a plain, we cross a bridge to reach Haroun-Abad. Below it flows a stream, which waters the surrounding fields. This village, of only thirty fires, is backed by a hill, and bordered on all sides by mountains, the highest of which, to the E., is called Karadagh (black mountain). There is a large caravanserai there.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 231 ※ SOURCE for Harunabad « The next march, to Harunabad (the place of Harun), was alternately over barren rocky ridges and small plains of fertile silt. Here was a good caravanserai, and I noticed a decided change in the features of the people. » #1097 Floyer, Ernest Ayscoghe, Unexplored Baluchistan. A Survey, with Observations Astronomical, Geographical, Botanical, etc., of a Route through Mekran, Bashkurd, Persia, Kurdistan, and Turkey, Griffith and Farran, 1882, ~ p. 442 « At 9 miles is Harūnābād, with ruined sarais and bāzār. The road throughout is passable to all arms. Harünābād is generally known among muleteers as Harūnāvā. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 152 Esma`ilabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062332 coordinate: lat 29.0299 long 52.9446 NIMA/GNS names: Esma`ilabad , Esma`ilabad-e Korbal , Isma`ilabad , اسماعیل آباد , VARIANT names: Esma`ilabad , Ismailabad , ※ SOURCE for Ismailabad « 15. Ismailabad The road is open, but in some places rocky. Water obtained from small streams and kanáts . Camp in a desert in a gorge. A few supplies obtainable. » #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 389 Esma`ilabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062338 coordinate: lat 30.080628 long 57.101315 NIMA/GNS names: Esma`ilabad , اسماعیل آباد , VARIANT names: Esma`ilabad , Estahbanat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062411 coordinate: lat 29.1266 long 54.0421 NIMA/GNS names: Estahban , Estahban , Estahbanat , Estehbanat , Istehbanat , Savanat , Shahr-e Estahbanat , استهبان , VARIANT names: Estahbanat , Istahbänät , Istehbanat , ※ SOURCE for Istahbänät « On February 18th we started northward for Is?ahbänät, and our march of some 15 miles carried us from the Gardaneh-i-Budreh to the saddle of the Gardaneh-i-sabz which forms the watershed towards the drainageless Niriz basin at an elevation of 6,900 ft., and then down into the open valley of Istahbänät. There were no archaeological observations to be made on the route, but it was of interest to note, as we skirted the northern face of the Tudēj range, the extensive plantations of almond and fig trees lining the lower slopes. This was in striking contrast to the utterly bare southern slopes of the opposite range of hills towards the Niriz basin, they, too, rising to heights of close on 9,000 ft. Whether it was due to more favourable climatic conditions or to some inherited qualities of the local population, the small town of Istahbänät and its surroundings certainly presented far more attractive aspects than any of the places seen on our way through Färs. A lively stream, descending from the Tudēj range still covered with snow on its heights, carries plenty of water through the town and its extensive orchards. Lively bazars attested that the local industries which Sir William Ouseley in 1811 had duly noted in Istahbänät still survive in the town. It was said to contain now about 2,500 house- holds. It was pleasant also to find the grand old Chinar or plane tree which that scholarly traveller had admired still adorning and shading the principal market-place. Istahbänät, mentioned by Istakhri and other early Arab geographers, is certainly an old place, » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 174 ※ SOURCE for Istehbanat « The road now turns W. along a valley about 4 miles wide sloping gently westwards. There are steep hills to the N. and S. At 18 miles Istehbānāt is reached, which is a large village in the middle of a wide valley, surrounded by cultivation and orchards. Route No. 31 connects here. Water. Good and plentiful. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 159 Estakhr Gate : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.619572 long 52.550521 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bab-i Istahr , D. Esfahan , Derwaza Shah Meerza Hamza , Estakhr Gate , gate of fair coloured stone , ※ SOURCE for Bab-i Istahr « Bab-i Istahr » in {map#1282 in #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ fig. map 1 Map of Medieval Shiraz based on textual sources} ※ SOURCE for D. Esfahan « D. Esfahan » in {map#1271 in #3003 John R. Perry, Karim Khan Zand A History of Iran, 1747-1779, University of Chicago Press, Chicago:London, 2015 ~ fig. Fig. 3 Shiraz under Karim Khan} ※ SOURCE for Derwaza Shah Meerza Hamza « The city of Shirauz has fix gates, of which the following are the names: I ft, Derwaza Bag Shah; 2d, Derwaza Shah Meerza Hamza; 3d, Derwaza Sadi, fo called from its leading to the tomb of that celebrated poet ; 4th, Derwaza Cuffub Khana, adjoining to the flefh market; 5th, Derwaza Shadaje; 6th, Derwaza Kazeroon, » #3277 Francklin, William, Observations made on a tour from Bengal to Persia, in the years 1786-7; with a short account of the remains of the celebrated palace of Persepolis and other interesting events, Stuart and Cooper, Calcutta, 1788 ~ p. 22 ※ SOURCE for Estakhr Gate «According to Mostowfi, in 1340 Shiraz had nine gates. (11) ... Estakhr Gate: on the north side of the city, in an area called the Esfahan Gate in 1972. fn. 11 Nozhat al-Golub p. 113» #3194 John W. Limbert, Shiraz in the Age of Hafez The Glory of a Medieval Persian City, University of Washington Press, 2004 ~ p. 53 ※ SOURCE for gate of fair coloured stone « To the North of the Towne is a Gate of very faire coloured stone, which is a little beyond the Horse-mart and without this Gate are all the Sheepe and Goats sold, that serve for the Towne. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 461 estekhar saroji Saroji Pool : arch. site IRN UTM: none coordinate: lat 27.461256 long 53.47545 † basis (located in google earth or maps and no other reference) VARIANT names: estekhar saroji Saroji Pool , ※ SOURCE for estekhar saroji Saroji Pool online reference link [accessed 06 Dec 2024] Estooh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062448 coordinate: lat 34.325 long 49.2431 NIMA/GNS names: Estooh , Estuh , Ostuh , Ustaf , استه , استوه , استوه , VARIANT names: Estooh , Estur , ※ SOURCE for Estur « Estur » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 3 Karte Irans, Ausschnitt der Regionen Teheran - Esfahan - Shiraz} Eulaeus : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 31.972475 long 48.412478 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Choaspes , Chospes , Eulaeus , Eulaios , Huvaspa , Ula , Ulai , Ulaya , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Eulaeus AT Shaur lat 31.972475 long 48.412478 [Potts], ※ SOURCE for Choaspes « In sum, it is now clear that there was only ever a single river which flowed past Susa. That river was known to the Elamite speakers of the region as the Ula,(91) and from the Iranian speakers who entered Khuzistan it received an alternate name Huvaspa, which some Greek authors expressed as Choaspes. Thus, Ula/Ulaya/Eulaios = Choaspes. The river joined the Diz (Coprates), which in turn flowed into the Karun (Pasitigris) and on to the Shatt al-Arab or Persian Gulf fn. 91. Spiegel 1871-1878, 625, was of the opinion that, just because the Hebrew form Ulai was well at- tested in the Bible, "es wäre aber Unrecht, daraus schliessen zu wollen, der Name sei semitisch... Etymologisch lässt sich die Bezeichnung ebensowenig aus den érânischen wie aus den semitischen Sprachen klar machen." One should also say that, just because Ula is first attested in a Middle Elamite inscription doesn't mean that the name is linguistically Elamite, a possibility of which Spiegel was not aware in the 1870s. Nevertheless, it is certainly possible that the name is either Elamite or that it comes from another, pre-Iranian if non-Elamite native language once spoken in the region. » » #2980 Daniel T. Potts, Elamite Ulā, Akkadian Ulaya, and Greek Choaspes: A Solution to the Eulaios Problem, Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 1999 vol. 13:pp. 27-44 ~ p. 35 ※ SOURCE for Chospes « Eulaeus = Chospes » in #2982 Michael J. Kirkby, Appendix I. Land and water resources of the Deh Luran and Khuzistan plains, in: Frank Hole with M. J. Kirkby and Colin Renfrew, Studies in the Archeological History of the Deh Luran Plain: The Excavation of Chagha Sefid, Museum of Anthropology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1977, ~ Fig. 108. Sequence of river courses in Khuzistan, based on freshness and wavelength of meander patterns. Stage 1 shows the ancient names of the rivers if they are consistent with this sequence. p. 277 ※ SOURCE for Eulaeus « The Gerrhaeans conducted a caravan trade with the incense land of South Arabia, and probably both sea and land trade with Seleucia on the Tigris, the successor of Babylon as the commercial xenter of Mesopotamia. Seagoing ships could sail right up to Seleucia, which was thus the terminus for Gulf traffic. There were also markets at Teredon on the mouth of the Euphrates and Charax at the junction of the Tigris with the Eulaeus (Kārūn). » #53 Hourani, George Fadlo (revised and expanded by Carswell, John), Arab seafaring in the Indian Ocean in ancient and early medieval times, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1995 ~ p. 14 « while the distance of Charax Spasinou (an old Hellenistic city located at the confluence of the Tigris and Eulaeus rivers7) to the Persian Gulf is obtained from the map “Agrippa’s portico” (HN 6.139; cf. Dilke 1985: 50). fn. 7 Pliny HN 6.138–139: originally a foundation of Alexander, the city was refounded by a Seleucid king Antiochos, and renamed Antiocheia, and then taken over by Spaosines, founder of the Characene kingdom (later known as Mesene) in the late second century bce, hence the city’s later name: Charax Spasinou, “Charax of Spasinos.” See also Potts 1990: 145–146; Fraser 1996: 168–169. » #2973 Ed. Ted Kaizer, A Companion to the Hellenistic and Roman Near East, Wiley Blackwell, Hoboken, NJ, 2022 ~ p. 26 « Later changes of river course would tend to confuse the historical record, and might give rise to much of the difficulty in separately identifying the Choaspes and Eulaeus. It may be noted that the present proposal simplifies the journey of Nearchus from the Pasitigris (Karun) to Shush (Hansman, 1967:30-31), and explains the alternative use of the names Eulaeus and Pasitigris for the lower Karun (Ibid: 33). » #2982 Michael J. Kirkby, Appendix I. Land and water resources of the Deh Luran and Khuzistan plains, in: Frank Hole with M. J. Kirkby and Colin Renfrew, Studies in the Archeological History of the Deh Luran Plain: The Excavation of Chagha Sefid, Museum of Anthropology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1977, ~ p. 279 ※ SOURCE for Eulaios « everything that is said about this river in cuneiform texts during the Neo-Assyrian period is consistent with it being identified wifh fhe united streams of the Karkheh, Dez, and Karun rivers, fhe combination of which ofherwise is called Ulaya, Eulaios, Eulaeus, or Pasitigris. (159) fn. 159 This united streams are also once called Choaspes, and once Tigris. » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ p. 30 ※ SOURCE for Huvaspa see source « Choaspes » ※ SOURCE for Ula see source « Choaspes » ※ SOURCE for Ulai « On the Persian Gulf, the ancient kingdon of "Sealand," which has been located with near certainty in Northeastern Arabia …. Warriors were there embarked, and the expedition sailed to the mouth of the river Ulai (the Kārūn): this river now enters the Sha??tṭ? ?al-‘Arab, but then flowed directly into the Persian Gulf, which extended further to the north and west than it does today. » #53 Hourani, George Fadlo (revised and expanded by Carswell, John), Arab seafaring in the Indian Ocean in ancient and early medieval times, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1995 ~ p. 10 ※ SOURCE for Ulaya « everything that is said about this river in cuneiform texts during the Neo-Assyrian period is consistent with it being identified wifh fhe united streams of the Karkheh, Dez, and Karun rivers, fhe combination of which ofherwise is called Ulaya, Eulaios, Eulaeus, or Pasitigris. (159) fn. 159 This united streams are also once called Choaspes, and once Tigris. » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ p. 30 Eulaeus = Chospes : stream grp 33 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 32.073138 long 48.224298 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Eulaeus = Chospes , ※ SOURCE for Eulaeus = Chospes « Eulaeus = Chospes » in #2982 Michael J. Kirkby, Appendix I. Land and water resources of the Deh Luran and Khuzistan plains, in: Frank Hole with M. J. Kirkby and Colin Renfrew, Studies in the Archeological History of the Deh Luran Plain: The Excavation of Chagha Sefid, Museum of Anthropology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1977, ~ p. 277 Euphrates River : stream grp 36 IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 30.936025 long 46.868954 VARIANT names: Euphrates River , ※ SOURCE for Euphrates River « Euphrates River » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Basra 445B location of stream about 55 kms west of confluence with Tigris River Euphrates river (Furat Su) : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.046282 long 44.105548 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Euphrates river (Furat Su) , ※ SOURCE for Euphrates river (Furat Su) « Euphrates river (Furat Su) » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No.2 Baghdad 1917} Eyvan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ADM2 UFI: 9205931 coordinate: lat 33.9 long 46.166667 NIMA/GNS names: Eyvan , Hulad Karan , Shahrestan-e Eyvan , ايوان , حولاد كران , شهرستان ايوان , VARIANT names: Eyvan , F11 Akhtar : arch. site IRN UTM: 5214, 2742 converted to coordinate: lat 27.7 long 52.2333333333333 VARIANT names: F11 Akhtar , ※ SOURCE for F11 Akhtar « Other variants: none Details: 1989: 729; USBGN: 528). The location of Akhtar is given by Adamec (1989: 28), however the Northing given of 2741 is marked as 2742 on the TPC (Sheet H-6C). Inconsistencies elsewhere in Adamec suggest that the TPC information should be preferred. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 F12 Akhtar : arch. site IRN UTM: 5214, 2742 converted to coordinate: lat 27.7 long 52.2333333333333 VARIANT names: F12 Akhtar , ※ SOURCE for F12 Akhtar « Other variants: none Details: See F12. No. of sherds: 16 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 F13 Akhtar : arch. site IRN UTM: 5214, 2742 converted to coordinate: lat 27.7 long 52.2333333333333 VARIANT names: F13 Akhtar , ※ SOURCE for F13 Akhtar « Other variants: none Details: See F12. No. of sherds: 14 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 F14 Akhtar : arch. site IRN UTM: 5214, 2742 converted to coordinate: lat 27.7 long 52.2333333333333 VARIANT names: F14 Akhtar , ※ SOURCE for F14 Akhtar « Other variants: none Details: See F12. No. of sherds: 8 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 F15 Akhtar : arch. site IRN UTM: 5214, 2742 converted to coordinate: lat 27.7 long 52.2333333333333 VARIANT names: F15 Akhtar , ※ SOURCE for F15 Akhtar « Other variants: none Details: See F12. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 F16 Akhtar : arch. site IRN UTM: 5214, 2742 converted to coordinate: lat 27.7 long 52.2333333333333 VARIANT names: F16 Akhtar , ※ SOURCE for F16 Akhtar « Other variants: none Details: See F12. No. of sherds: 13 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 F17 Akhtar : arch. site IRN UTM: 5214, 2742 converted to coordinate: lat 27.7 long 52.2333333333333 VARIANT names: F17 Akhtar , ※ SOURCE for F17 Akhtar « Other variants: none Details: See F12. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 F18 Akhtar : arch. site IRN UTM: 5214, 2742 converted to coordinate: lat 27.7 long 52.2333333333333 VARIANT names: F18 Akhtar , ※ SOURCE for F18 Akhtar « Other variants: none Details: See F12. No. of sherds: 5 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 F2 Shilau : arch. site IRN UTM: 5220, 2739 converted to coordinate: lat 27.677778 long 52.284444 VARIANT names: F2 Shilau , ※ SOURCE for F2 Shilau « Other variants: none Details: The location of Shilau is given as 4 miles West of Tahiri (Adamec, 1989: 687; C and S: 198). No. of sherds: 9 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 location coordinates updated « Site: F2 Toponym: Shilau Lat: 27°40'40N Long: 52°17'04E Sherds: 9 Size: Unknown Location and description: the village is located 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Tahiri (Adamec iii.1989: 687; Constable and Stiffe i.1989: 198). Finds: SMAG.RC (3); FINT (1); GROG (1); JULFAR (1); N-ID.CC (1); SLIP.TB (1); SMAG.A (1) » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ Appendix III Site catalogue p. 788 F3 Shilau : arch. site IRN UTM: 5220, 2739 converted to coordinate: lat 27.677778 long 52.284444 VARIANT names: F3 Shilau , ※ SOURCE for F3 Shilau « Other variants: none Details: See F3. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 location coordinates updated « Site: F3 Toponym: Shilau Lat: 27°40'40N Long: 52°17'04E Sherds: 4 Size: Unknown Location and description: see F2. » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ Appendix III Site catalogue p. 788 F4 Shilau : arch. site IRN UTM: 5220, 2739 converted to coordinate: lat 27.677778 long 52.284444 VARIANT names: F4 Shilau , ※ SOURCE for F4 Shilau « Other variants: none Details: See F3. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 location coordinates updated « Site: F4 Toponym: Shilau Lat: 27°40'40N Long: 52°17'04E Sherds: 1 Size: Unknown Location and description: see F2. Finds: JULFAR (1) » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ Appendix III Site catalogue p. 788 F5 Failaka : arch. site BHR UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 29.430644 long 48.279375 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: F5 Failaka , ※ SOURCE for F5 Failaka [location estimated from Fig. 3. Localisation des fouilles de Failaka Location of the excavations in Failaka Island, in #2930 Failaka. Fouilles françaises 1983, Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée, Lyon, 1983 ~ p. 17. PBR] « The island of Ikaros, the modern Failaka, which is situated 25 km off Kuwait, is mentioned by several classical authors in their description of the Gulf area. Examining these sources bring new indications which complete the archaeological informations. The excavations carried out by the Danish Mission from 1958 to 1963 have in fact brought to light a Greek settlement of the Hellenistic period: a fortified hill (F5) enclosing a sacred area consisting of two temples, and a dwelling site (F4). » #2931 Calvet Yves, Ikaros : testimonia., in: , Failaka. Fouilles françaises 1983, Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée, Lyon, 1983, ~ p. 21 F5 Shilau : arch. site IRN UTM: 5220, 2739 converted to coordinate: lat 27.677778 long 52.284444 VARIANT names: F5 Shilau , ※ SOURCE for F5 Shilau « Other variants: none Details: See F3. No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 location coordinates updated « Site: F5 Toponym: Shilau Lat: 27°40'40N Long: 52°17'04E Sherds: 7 Size: Unknown Location and description: see F2. Finds: BUFRAB (1); CHANG (1); GRIT (1); LQC.4 (1); MONO.G (1); N-ID.CG (1); UGP.F2 (1) » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ Appendix III Site catalogue p. 788 F6 Shilau : arch. site IRN UTM: 5220, 2739 converted to coordinate: lat 27.677778 long 52.284444 VARIANT names: F6 Shilau , ※ SOURCE for F6 Shilau « Other variants: none Details: See F3. No. of sherds: 29 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 location coordinates updated « Site: F6 Toponym: Shilau Lat: 27°40'40N Long: 52°17'04E Sherds: 29 Size: Unknown Location and description: see F2. Finds: SMAG.A (6); SMAG.RC (5); GROG.LV (3); LISV.A (3); N-ID.CR (3); CREAC (2); HONEY (2); CLINKY (1); GRIT (1); GRIT.LV (1); REBROS (1); SBBW (1) » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ Appendix III Site catalogue p. 788 F7 Shilau : arch. site IRN UTM: 5220, 2739 converted to coordinate: lat 27.677778 long 52.284444 VARIANT names: F7 Shilau , ※ SOURCE for F7 Shilau « Other variants: none Details: See F3. No. of sherds: 26 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 location coordinates updated « Site: F7 Toponym: Shilau Lat: 27°40'40N Long: 52°17'04E Sherds: 26 Size: Unknown Location and description: see F2. Finds: SMAG.A (7); GROG.LV (4); CREAC (3); SMAG.RC (3); GROG (2); CLINKY (1); GRIT.LV (1); HARMIC (1); N-ID.CG (1); N-ID.CR (1); REBROS (1); SOFPAINT (1) » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ Appendix III Site catalogue p. 788 factory (Portuguese) : place IRN (portuguese) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.588286 long 54.936309 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: factory (Portuguese) , ※ SOURCE for factory (Portuguese) « Kung* a large fishing village, 3½ miles to north-eastward of Lingeh, extends for half a mile along the sandy shore, and is chiefly built of mat huts ; it may contain 2,000 to 3,000 inhabitants, who own many boats: much pottery, of a common description, is made here. At the west end of the village is a large, white, ruined building, the old Portuguese factory; and opposite to it a round fort, surrounded by the sea at high water. There is a large date grove, and some round trees behind the village, and much cultivation ; a few supplies might be obtained, but not so well as at Lingeh. The landing is bad at low water, as the sandy beach dries off about a quarter of a mile, in ridges, with a foot or two water inside. The anchorage at Kung is in 5 fathoms mud, miles from the shore, there being a small flat, with 2½ fathoms on its edge, extending a mile off, with 41 fathoms close to it; this anchorage is sheltered from all winds, except the Saheili. fn. * This was formerly a very considerable place, as the many mounds and ruins attest; there are remains of considerable hummums (baths), etc. The old factory is in a very tottering state ; it is a large square building of several stories, and appears to have been commodious. The fort, or battery, is well built, and has vaulted chambers underneath. This place was occupied by the Portuguese after their expulsion from Hormuz, and even down to the 18th century : close to the westward of the factory is a large excavation, which, the Arabs stated to have been a dock. » #2913 The Persian Gulf Pilot, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1864, ~ p. 171 Fadami : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062538 coordinate: lat 28.2161 long 55.1347 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Shur , Fadami , Fadami Ab-e Shur , Padumi , فدامی , VARIANT names: Fadami , Fadumi , ※ SOURCE for Fadumi « Four miles more over broken ground brought us in view of the wide plain of Murz, with its spacious date-groves. We put up in the village of Fadumi, tired with a march which had lasted nearly twelve hours. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 153 « Then pass a newly built square mud enclosure on the right of the road with a tower and houses in it. This is a new fort, built to prevent inroads of the Arabs. Road now over cultivated ground, across which streams of fresh water flow at intervals. Green grass about. At 10 miles the ground becomes swampy. Then passing through groves of date trees halt at the town of Fadumi.Distance, 12 miles. Time, 4 hours. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 14 Fadra : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3077593 coordinate: lat 29.081125 long 58.14119 NIMA/GNS names: Fadra , Padva , Pudva , پدوا , VARIANT names: Fadra , Fagra-baet : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.54864 long 53.57985 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: possible location 1.2 kms WSW of Haidarabad being 1 arabic league ( 5.8 kms) from Jahrom. VARIANT names: Fagra-baet , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Fagra-baet FOR Bagar-Abad [unknown location, PBR], ※ SOURCE for Fagra-baet « Le dix-huitieme nous nous remimes en chemin traverfames des montagnes pierreufes,unecam- pagne entrecoupée de canaux, fur lesquels on voyoit de petits ponts, et nous arrivámes à minuit à Fagra-baet, où nous allámes loger dans un jardin charmant, rempli de palmiers, avec une rangée de fenez au milicu,de toutes fortes d'arbres fruitiers, favoir grenadiers, orangers, cognaffiers, poiriers et dont les fruits étoient délicieux. [On the eighteenth we set out again through the stony mountains, a countryside intersected by canals, along which we could see small bridges, and we arrived at midnight at Fagra-baet, where we stayed in a charming garden, full of palm trees, with a row of fenez trees, full of fruit trees, including pomegranate trees, orange trees, quince trees, pear trees whose fruits were delicious.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 313 Fahlian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062546 coordinate: lat 30.197652 long 51.497879 NIMA/GNS names: Fahleyan Bala , Fahlian , Fahlian-e `Olya , Fahlian-e Bala , Faleyun-e Bozorg , Fehlian , فهلیان , VARIANT names: Fahlian , Fahliyan , ※ SOURCE for Fahlian « Fahlian [Name.] 30 17 [Lat.] 51 35 [Long.] 72 miles N.-W. of Shiraz, the chief village of Talaspid plain: situated in the Shib Bawwan valley at N. base of hills, 2 miles W. of Behbehän-Shiraz road at Güreh: narcissus in abundance: De Bodo gave number of houses as 60 or 70; palm-trees, ruined fort; water from canal running 14 miles from mountains beyond Kalah Safid. Climate must be very mild, as palms grow; grain, cattle and grazing plentiful water scarce: W. of Fahliin river is bitter and can only be used for irrigation. Mamassani have made themselves masters of this valley, dispossessing the original inhabitants. [Notes.] » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 281 ※ SOURCE for Fahliyan « Twenty years later Hallock identified the Fahliyan district of western Fårs as one of three key areas documented in the texts (Hallock 1977 : 129). The town of Fahliyan (30° 10’ 26” N, 50° 44’ 9” E) is c. 125 km as the crow flies to the northwest of Shiraz (Atarashi and Horiuchi 1963 : 1), 250 km from Persepolis (Speck 2002 : 144, n. 130) 1, and 290 km to the southeast of Ahwaz (Atarashi and Horiuchi 1963 : 1). » #3064 D.T. Potts, The Persepolis Fortification Texts and the Royal Road: Another look at the Fahliyan area, Persika 12, 2009 ~ p. 275 [The coordinates of the « town of Fahliyan (30° 10’ 26” N, 50° 44’ 9” E) » given aboveare those of the coordinates of the stream Fahliyan given the NIMA/GNS data sets and not the town. The distance of 125 kms norwest of Shiraz is correct to the coordinates of the town given here. PBR] « Fahliyan » in {map#1132 Abb. 2 Karte von West- und Südwest-Iran mit Eintragung von Befunden, , , #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~} « We followed the valley in a N.N.W. direction, and at a quarter before 4 P.M. reached Fahliyán, situated at the northern base of the connecting range of hills which we had crossed in coming from Núrabád. Our distance this day was between 7 and 8 farsangs (29 and 30 miles), in a N. direction. Fahliyán is a little paltry town, of at most sixty or seventy honses; but it is enclosed by walls, now in ruins, which show that it was formerly not quite so insignificant. In the time of the Sefeviyeh dynasty it had 5000 inhabitants, a mosque, and four public baths. The district of Fahliyán extended from Múné-nahl on the S. to Básht on the N.W., and from Ardekán on the E. to Khisht on the S.W. The Mamásení have by degrees made themselves masters of almost all the arable land formerly possessed by the inhabitants of Fahliyán, who complain bitterly of the exactions to which they are continually subjected. The town is supplied with water by a canal cut through the hills from the snow-capped chain beyond Kal'eh Sefid, for a distance of, perhaps, 4 farsangs (14 miles). The water of the Ab-shúr being, as its name implies, brackish, it can only be used for irrigating the fields. ... Fahliyán is surrounded by fine palm-trees, and has a fort in ruins on the summit of a small hill. » #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~ p. 80 « Fahliyan is a little paltry town, of at most sixty or seventy honses; but it is enclosed by walls, now in ruins, which show that it was formerly not quite so insignificant. In the time of the Sefeviyeh dynasty it had 5000 inhabitants, a mosque, and four public baths. The district of Fahliyan extended from Múné-nahl on the S. to Basht on the N.W., and from Ardekán on the E. to Khisht on the S.W. The Mamásení have by degrees made themselves masters of almost all the arable land formerly possessed by the inhabitants of Fahliyan, » #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~ p. 80 Fahliyan : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3062547 coordinate: lat 30.173889 long 50.735833 NIMA/GNS names: Fahlian River , Fahliyan , Fehlian , Fehlian Rud , Rud-e Fahlian , Rudkhaneh-ye Fahleyan , Rudkhaneh-ye Fahlian , VARIANT names: Fahliyan , Fahraj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062552 coordinate: lat 28.9502 long 58.885 NIMA/GNS names: Fahraj , Fahrej , Iranshahr , Narmashir , فهرج , VARIANT names: Fahraj , ※ SOURCE for Fahraj « large village of Fahraj is left behind, the desert may be said to begin. Fahraj possesses a fort in good preservation, is comparatively populous, though the reported 2000 is perhaps excessive, and boasts a good site on the Azizabad River, here 200 feet wide and full of a grass called “ Diranch.” From Fahraj to Sekuha in Sistan is from 225 to 230 miles. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 68 Fahraj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062553 coordinate: lat 31.763018 long 54.579434 NIMA/GNS names: Fahraj , Fahrej , Fahruj , Faraj , فهرج , VARIANT names: Fahraj , Fahraj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ADM2 UFI: 12247368 coordinate: lat 29.09256619 long 59.14491742 NIMA/GNS names: Fahraj , Shahrestan-e Fahraj , شهرستان فهرج , فهرج , VARIANT names: Fahraj , Faiyarin : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -789223 coordinate: lat 26.17893 long 56.54651 NIMA/GNS names: Faiyarin , Jazirat Um al Fayarin , Jazirat Umm al Fayyarin , Umm al Faiyarin , Umm al Faiyarin Island , Umm al Fayarin , جزيرة أم الفيارين , VARIANT names: Faiyarin , Fillam Rock , Ko Kaig , Omal Pherrim , ※ SOURCE for Faiyarin « Soon comes the Island of Umm al Faiyarin, standing stark 360 feet in height, four and a half miles off the shore. This island is known to.the Kumazara as Ko Kaig, or the egg mountain, in reference to its popularity with sea-birds in the nesting season. » #47 Thomas, Bertram, The Musandam Peninsula and its people the Shihuh, Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society, London, 1928 ~ p. 86 ※ SOURCE for Fillam Rock « Fillam Rock, or Islet, is in lat. 26° 10' N., distant 3 or 4 miles from the land, having 40 fathoms water between it and the shore; it is called Omal Pherrim by the Arahs. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ p. 380 ※ SOURCE for Ko Kaig « Soon comes the Island of Umm al Faiyarin, standing stark 360 feet in height, four and a half miles off the shore. This island is known to.the Kumazara as Ko Kaig, or the egg mountain, in reference to its popularity with sea-birds in the nesting season. » #47 Thomas, Bertram, The Musandam Peninsula and its people the Shihuh, Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society, London, 1928 ~ p. 86 ※ SOURCE for Omal Pherrim « Omal Pherrim » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. WellstedRoyal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} Faizabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194562 coordinate: lat 29.710787 long 54.358652 NIMA/GNS names: Faizabad , Feyzabad , Mazra`eh-ye Feyzabad , فيض آباد , مزرعه فيض آباد , VARIANT names: Faizabad , Fakhrabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062566 coordinate: lat 29.9705 long 52.7009 NIMA/GNS names: Fakhr Abad Ramjerd , Fakhrabad , Fakhrabad-e Ramjerd , فخر آباد , VARIANT names: Fakhrabad , Fograbaet , ※ SOURCE for Fograbaet « Les bords efcarpés de cette rivic-rivic re font bordés de petits arbres les plus agréables du monde. Après en avoir traverſé le pont, et nous être avancez une demi lieuë, nous laiffames le Caravanserai d' Aebgerm à droite, et nous arrivames fur le mi-di au village de Fograbaet, où il n'y a point de Caravanserai, après une traite de cinq lieuës. [The steep banks of this river are lined with the most pleasant little trees in the world. After crossing the bridge and advancing half a league, we left the Caravanserai of Aebgerm on the right, and we arrived in the middle of the day at the village of Fograbaet, where there is no Caravanserai, after a journey of five leagues.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ pp. 258-9 Fakk al Asad : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: STRT UFI: -786250 coordinate: lat 26.35864 long 56.50965 NIMA/GNS names: Fak al Asad , Fakk al As`ad Straits , Fakk al Asad , فك الأسد , VARIANT names: Bab Musandam , Fakk al Asad , ※ SOURCE for Bab Musandam HMSO, Series K6611, Sheet NG 40-6E, Edition 2-GSGS ※ SOURCE for Fakk al Asad HMSO, Series K6611, Sheet NG 40-6E, Edition 2-GSGS Fal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062598 coordinate: lat 27.6295 long 52.7 NIMA/GNS names: Fal , Fall , فال , VARIANT names: Bal and Pal , Fal , ※ SOURCE for Bal and Pal « 8 Barros (op. cité) dit que, même de son temps, les rois de Hormuz payaiont "à la mosquée qui se trouvaitsüans le district Hogez Sheik Danial, près la ville de Lar". Hongez pourrait bion être soit, comme le suggère Sinclair (op. cité p. 163) une corruption du mot person khônigah (= monastère), seit simplement Hujrah (= collulo). Ou faut-il considérer ceci comme une erreur de copiste qui aurait oublié la lettre V (et), séparant les deux mots Khonj et Bal = Pal = Fal. En effet nous avons les deux villes célèbres de Khonj (persan ancion Khong (coin isolé, endroit désolé) et Pål (porsan an- cion Pal) toutes deux placées dans cette région. (Cf Fasaï op. cité p.197). [8 Barros (op. cit.) says that even in his time the kings of Hormuz paid "at the mosque which was in the district Hogez Sheik Danial, near the city of Lar". Hongez could well be either, as Sinclair suggests (op. cit. p. 163) a corruption of the word person khônigah (= monastery), or simply Hujrah (= collulo). Or should we consider this as a copyist's error who forgot the letter V (and), separating the two words Khonj and Bal = Pal = Fal. Indeed we have the two famous cities of Khonj (Persian ancion Khong (isolated corner, desolate place) and Pål (Porsan ancion Pal) both located in this region. (Cf. Fasaï op. cit. p. 197).] » #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, Bruxelles, 1949, ~ p. 41 ※ SOURCE for Fal «De l'emploi du nom de Fål, une lettre de Rashid al-Din offre un cas remarquable, Le conseiller des Ilkhana énumère une série de ports et de districts côtiers qui le fournissent de produits exotiques, dont Fål et la principauté de Qais (mulk-i Kish)." Puisque le bourg de Fål n'est pas au bord de la mer, le mot s'applique ici à un territoire, selon toute vraisemblance à la partie littorale du Fal située à l'ouest de la principauté de Qais; de sorte qu'il est hautement probable que c'est par Shilâu que Fal reçoit l'ambre gris et le bois d'aigle destinés à Rashid al-Din, et que le nom de Fål est en équivalence de celui de Sirâf. C'est à la lumière de cette substitution du nom de Fål à celui de Siraf qu'il faut interpréter Yäqüt lorqu'il écrit qu'on passe par Fål pour aller de Shiraz à Ormuz: "Fål est un gros village semblable à une ville, aux confint méridionaux du Fårs, près des côtes. On y passe quand on va à Ormuz et à Qais, sur la route de Huzi."(16) Sur la foi de ce passage, on a émis l'hypothèse que Fål médiéval était située beaucoup plus au sud-est que Fäl moderne.(17) Bien que Yāqūt réfère à Fål en temps que bourg, il faut entendre qu'on passe non par Fäl, - qui n'est pas une des étapes de la route de Huzu, la liste desquelles est transmise par le Nuzhat al-qulüb, (18) mais par le Fäl, district qui, au temps de Yāqūt, s'étend loin vers l'est. Le Sirāf, nous le savons par Muqaddasi, géographe attentif à respecter les divisions adminis- tratives, allait jusqu'à la frontière du Kirman, couvrant ainsi toute la région des garmsirāt du Färs qui formera ultérieurement la façade côtière du Lāristan. (19) C'est donc dire que la route de Shirāz à Huzū et à Qais traversait le territoire de l'ancien Siraf, qui a pris le nom de Fäl lorsque Yaqut recueille ses informations. Dans les textes du XIVe siècle, le nom de Fäl est employé pour désigner en fait l'arrière-pays de la côte de Qais. Il figure le plus souvent dans une expression composée où il est associé, non point au nom de Sirāf/Shilāu, qu'il a recouvert, mais à celui d'une autre bourgade, ou d'un autre canton, pareillement inconnu des textes d'époque bouyide, Khunj. C'est le Khunjubāl familier des lecteurs des voyages de Ibn Battū?a. (20) Cette gémination signifie que Khunj a connu entre le XIIe et le XIVe siècle, un essor fn. 16 Yaqut, Mu'jam al-buldan, IV, p. 846 fn. 17 K. Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran, carnet de route d'un médecin à la poursuite du ver de Médine (Lund 1955), p. 252. fn. 18 Cf. infra, note 61. fn. 19 En effet Muqaddasi, éd. BGA, p. 52 et p. 422, compte parmi les mudun qui dépendent de Sirāf les deux ports de Sūru, face au Kirman, et de Zirabad (connu ensuite sous le nom de Lashtan). fn. 20 Pour les différentes formes du terme chez Ibn Battuta, cf. I. Hrbek, "The chronology of Ibn Battuta's travels", Archiv Orientální XXX (1962), p. 449. Nous employons systématique- ment ici la forme Khunj-o-Fål de préférence à la forme locale Hung-o-Pal. fn. 21 Stein, op. cit., p. 221, et p. 217. [Of the use of the name Fål, a letter from Rashid al-Din offers a remarkable case. The Ilkhana advisor lists a series of ports and coastal districts which supply him with exotic products, including Fål and the principality of Qais (mulk -i Kish)." Since the town of Fål is not by the sea, the word applies here to a territory, in all likelihood to the coastal part of Fal located to the west of the principality of Qais so that it is highly probable that it is through Shilâu that Fal receives the ambergris and eagle wood intended for Rashid al-Din, and that the name of Fål is equivalent to that of Sirâf. It is in the light of this substitution of the name of Fål for that of Siraf that Yäqüt must be interpreted when he writes that one passes through Fål to go from Shiraz to Hormuz: "Fål is a large village similar to a town , on the southern borders of Fårs, near the coast. We pass there when we go to Hormuz and Qais, on the road to Huzi."(16) On the basis of this passage, it has been hypothesized that medieval Fål was located much further south-east than modern Fäl.(17) Although Yāqūt refers to Fål as a town, it should be understood that we do not pass through Fäl, - which is not one of the stages of the road to Huzu , the list of which is transmitted by the Nuzhat al-qulüb, (18) but by the Fäl, a district which, in the time of Yāqūt, extended far to the east. The Sirāf, we know from Muqaddasi, a geographer careful to respect administrative divisions, went as far as the border of Kirman, thus covering the entire garmsirāt region of Färs which would later form the coastal frontage of Lāristan. (19) This therefore means that the road from Shirāz to Huzū and to Qais crossed the territory of the former Siraf, which took the name of Fäl when Yaqut collected his information. In 14th century texts, the name Fäl is used to actually designate the hinterland of the Qais coast. It appears most often in a compound expression where it is associated, not with the name of Sirāf/Shilāu, which it covered, but with that of another town, or another canton, similarly unknown in the texts of Buyid period, Khunj. This is the Khunjubāl familiar to readers of Ibn Battū?a's travels. (20) This gemination means that Khunj experienced a boom between the 12th and 14th centuries. fn. 16 Yaqut, Mu'jam al-buldan, IV, p. 846 fn. 17 K. Lindberg, Journey to the South of Iran, a doctor's travelogue in pursuit of the Medina worm (Lund 1955), p. 252. fn. 18 See below, note 61. fn. 19 Indeed Muqaddasi, ed. BGA, p. 52 and p. 422, counts among the mudun which depend on Sirāf the two ports of Sūru, facing Kirman, and of Zirabad (later known as Lashtan). fn. 20 For the different forms of the term in Ibn Battuta, cf. I. Hrbek, "The chronology of Ibn Battuta's travels", Archiv Orientální XXX (1962), p. 449. We systematically use here the form Khunj-o-Fål in preference to the local form Hung-o-Pal. fn. 21 Stein, op. cit., p. 221, and p. 217.] » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ pp. 22-3 Falat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071980 coordinate: lat 31.322137 long 51.227962 NIMA/GNS names: Falat , Kondar , Kondor , فلت , كندر , كندر , VARIANT names: Falat , Falavarjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013414 coordinate: lat 32.555301 long 51.509735 NIMA/GNS names: Falavar Jan , Falavarjan , Felavarjan , Mollavarjan , Pol-e Vargan , Pol-e Varqan , Pul-i-Vargan , فلاورجان , ملاورجان , VARIANT names: Falavarjan , Vargim , ※ SOURCE for Vargim « VARGIM, cidade de Vargun, em 32° 30' lat. N. e 51° 30' long. E., na região persa de Isfahan, a sudoeste da cidade deste nome. Cartas de Afonso de Albuquerque, II, 249]. [VARGIM, city of Vargun, in 32° 30' lat. N. and 51° 30' long. E., in the Persian region of Isfahan, southwest of the city of that name. Letters of Afonso de Albuquerque, II, 249].] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. Corrigenda p. 123 Falunak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062614 coordinate: lat 29.9832 long 52.6714 NIMA/GNS names: Falunak , فالونک , VARIANT names: Falunak , Famur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3760737 coordinate: lat 29.449569 long 51.892726 NIMA/GNS names: Famur , Narges Zar , Narges Zar-e Famur , Nargeszar , Qal`eh-ye Moshiri , فامور , نرگس زار , نرگس زار فامور , VARIANT names: Famour , Famur , ※ SOURCE for Famour « Famour 7 Farsangs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 492 Fanakhah (Biagi1) : arch. site OMN UTM: DP280990 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2087327213325 long 56.2792920018681 VARIANT names: Fanakhah (Biagi1) , ※ SOURCE for Fanakhah (Biagi1) #2803 Biagi, P., New Rock Art Sites in the Musandam Peninsula, Sultanate of Oman, Bulletin of the Society for Arabian Studies, 2003 ~ p.24 Fanakhah 16 : arch. site OMN UTM: DD273988 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2068916642529 long 56.2722967972683 VARIANT names: Fanakhah 16 , ※ SOURCE for Fanakhah 16 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 38 Fanaku : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -786848 coordinate: lat 26.4982 long 56.52918 NIMA/GNS names: Fanaku , Gap , Gap Island , Jazirat Finaku , Jazirat Gap , Jazireh-ye Gap , جزيرة فناكو , VARIANT names: Fanaku , Lessenaren , ※ SOURCE for Lessenaren From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « From here one sees in N. N. E. direction the small islands 'de Leest (15), Lessenaren (16), /and/ Doodkist (17) which are situated at about 3½ miles off shore (18). The depth on the S. W. side of /the islands of/ 'de Leest' is 53 to 65 fathoms /over/ coarse sand ground. Three miles East off the Western corner of the bay of Comzaar an island (19) is situated which is on the corner (20) of Cape Mosandon. The Northern corner of this island lies at 26 degrees, 24 minutes Northern latitude. The depth there is 70 fathoms sand ground.fn. 15 The Last. fn. 16 The Lectern. fn. 17 The Coffin. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 299 Fanaku «De Lefsenaar» in {map#391 Map of part of the Persian Gulf from Mascate to Pt. Doggeby, Isaac de Graaff, 1666, Nationaal Archief, The Hague, 4. VEL 222} Fandoqa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3763446 coordinate: lat 30.009636 long 57.6702 NIMA/GNS names: Fandoqa , Fendoqa` , فندقاع , VARIANT names: Fandoqa , Fanuch : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062628 coordinate: lat 26.575833 long 59.639722 NIMA/GNS names: Fannuj , Fanuch , Fanuj , فنوج , VARIANT names: Fanuch , Fao : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3102267 coordinate: lat 29.9680556 long 48.4672222 NIMA/GNS names: Al Faw , Fao , Fao Terminal , VARIANT names: Fao , Faradombeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013413 coordinate: lat 32.0084 long 51.2121 NIMA/GNS names: Fara Dumbeh , Faradombeh , Faradonbeh , Farah Dombeh , Para Donbeh , فرادمبه , فرادنبه , فره دمبه , VARIANT names: Faradombeh , Paradomba , ※ SOURCE for Paradomba « On our left hand, and behind us, the dark rock masses closed the dim scene; but before us, where we rode, it seemed an endless stretch of level country on which the mild light fell. Two hours before midnight we reached the palace of Paradomba, having left Char Khor at two o'clock. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 538 Farah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3375092 coordinate: lat 32.3769444 long 62.1194444 NIMA/GNS names: Farah , VARIANT names: Farah , Farra , Ferra , Furrah , Parra , Phra , ※ SOURCE for Farah « 19. Farah (10 miles 4 furlongs-236 miles 4 furlongs). All supplies procurable. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 ※ SOURCE for Farra « The 5th four p. and the 6th five p. to Farra.(13) fn. 13 Farra, the capital of a district of the same name in the north of Segistan, is in lat. 32° 40' N. long. 62° 40' Ε.-Ε. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 214 ※ SOURCE for Ferra « Den 2. Septemb. reiseten wir biß nach Ferra, Den 3. Septemgieng ich in die Stadt. Sie lieget ganz eben/ hat einen ber. tieffen Graben/und hat keine schönere Gebäude/als den Wohnplaß des Chans. Man leitet viel Wasser aus dem vorbeyfliessenden Strom in dieStadt.Deswegen wach-fen die Baum undWein-Garten-Fruchte in eine fast uns glaubliche Grösse. [On September 2nd, we traveled to Ferra. On September 3rd, I entered the city. It lies entirely flat, has a very deep moat, and has no more beautiful buildings than the Khan's residence. A great deal of water is channeled into the city from the river flowing past. Therefore, the fruits of the trees and vineyards grow to a size almost unbelievable to us.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 67 ※ SOURCE for Furrah « Furrah » in {map#1329 Persia with part of the Ottoman Empire, Walker, John, 1831, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 11298.018} « Direct Road from Furrah to Nishapoor. » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 437 ※ SOURCE for Parra « he 24. day wee trauelled some 6. forsongs to a faire Citie called Parra, where we staied 22. daies for a Coffe|loe or Conuoy, my selfe being also sicke there, there is great trade of merchandize, and great store of raw silke which in the Persian tongue is called Auerisham. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 51 « Parra is a Citie of great traffique, but especially for raw silke. Here we rested two and twenty dayes onely for a Caravan. » #2540 Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, 1905, ~ vol. 3 p. 85 ※ SOURCE for Phra owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Phra, 62.116669, 32.366669, AF, nkn, exact, 500, tmcIRa0100_006a » Farah Rud : stream grp 37 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.563467 long 61.499563 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Farah Rud , Farahabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062657 coordinate: lat 36.790642 long 53.110761 NIMA/GNS names: Farahabad , Shilat-e Farahabad , شيلات فرح آباد , فرح آباد , VARIANT names: Farahabad , Ferrabode , ※ SOURCE for Ferrabode « This daye in the morning we took horses and ridd to the Caspian Sea, being win a mile of it and in our way. So that when we came to the sea side we spured our horses into the sea for to washe them, our horses not being acquanted wth the motion of the sea gave my lord and I each on vs a fall. Soe ridringe on by the sea side vntil we cam to the citie of Ferrabode, haueinge seen many buffelowes by the waye, and som drawing of carttes much like our English cartes. This citie is curiously scituated: as I ridd into ye citie first I rid ouer a bridge wher vnder ran a fine riuer into the sea, being an Englishe mile from the sea; » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ pp. 51-2 Farasfaj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062695 coordinate: lat 34.486433 long 48.285926 NIMA/GNS names: Farasfaj , Faresfaj , Farsafaj , Farsfij , فرسفج , VARIANT names: Farasfaj , Farasfaj bridge : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.484354 long 48.292636 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Farasfaj bridge , Farasfaj Shah Abbasi Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.488012 long 48.282967 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Farasfaj Shah Abbasi Caravanserai کاروانسرای شاه عباسی فرسفج VARIANT names: Farasfaj Shah Abbasi Caravanserai , Fardaghan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062689 coordinate: lat 34.83161 long 49.600216 NIMA/GNS names: Fardaghan , Fardaqan , Fardeqan , Phardogan , فردقان , VARIANT names: Fardaghan , Fardghan Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.831844 long 49.600011 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Fardghan Castle , ※ SOURCE for Fardghan Castle Persian text omitted. « These sources discuss the Fardqan Castle and Fire Temple, the transfer of the golden door of the fire temple to the Kaaba during the time of Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, its capture and destruction by the ruler of Qom in 288 AH, the defeat of Ala al-Dawlah Kakuyeh by Masoud ibn Mahmoud ibn Sabkatkin and his taking refuge in Fardqan Castle, and the imprisonment of Bu Ali Sina in this castle. Among the texts related to historical geography, Yaqut Hamvi also talks about Fardqan in Al-Muaj Malbaldan. » #3426 Mohsen Karimi, The first season of the excavation of the Fardghan Fire Temple, Fardghan, Markazi Province, in: Amini Mosadeghi, F. and M. Mortezaei, Proceedings of the 19th Annual Symposium on Iranian Archaeology 2020-2021, , Tehran, 2023, pp. 843-850 ~ p. 843 Fardghan Fire Temple : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.83191 long 49.60019 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Fardghan Fire Temple , ※ SOURCE for Fardghan Fire Temple Persian text omitted. « The architectural data obtained from the above research indicate the existence of a four-arched building with sides of 17 meters with square brick columns. During these excavations, two columns in the southern half of the main building have been found. The building obtained has an entrance on the eastern and western sides and three entrances on the southern side. The wall of the northern side of the building is currently buried under the residential house of one of the residents of Fardaqan. » #3426 Mohsen Karimi, The first season of the excavation of the Fardghan Fire Temple, Fardghan, Markazi Province, in: Amini Mosadeghi, F. and M. Mortezaei, Proceedings of the 19th Annual Symposium on Iranian Archaeology 2020-2021, , Tehran, 2023, pp. 843-850 ~ p. 843 Farg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062700 coordinate: lat 35.227824 long 58.557807 NIMA/GNS names: Farg , Fark , فرگ , VARIANT names: Farg , Fariab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062790 coordinate: lat 27.475066 long 57.084067 NIMA/GNS names: Fariab , Faryab , Pariab , پرياب , فارياب , VARIANT names: Fariab , ※ SOURCE for Fariab in figure « Marco Polo's Route as fixed by Captain Sykes » #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7, 45:648-60 ~ p. 655 Fariab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062791 coordinate: lat 27.4905 long 52.9399 NIMA/GNS names: Fareyab , Fariab , Fariyab Varadi , Faryab , Faryab-e Varadi , فاریاب , VARIANT names: Fariab , Fariyab , Faryab , Paryab , ※ SOURCE for Fariab « Fariab » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Kangan G-39E 1942} ※ SOURCE for Fariyab see source « Faryab » ※ SOURCE for Faryab « FARYAB (also FARIYAB and PARYAB), name of several towns in Iran: 1. A town in northern Afghanistan, now called Dawlatābād, formerly in the province of Djūzdjan. It was conquered by al-Ahnaf b. Kays in 65/685 (al-Baladhuri, 407). Many geographers mention the town as large and flourishing until the Mongol con- quest when it was destroyed. It never regained its former importance. 2. A small town in southern Fårs province (Le Strange, 257, 296). 3. A village in Kirman (Le Strange, 317). 4. A village in Sughd (Barthold, 138; Frye, The History of Bukhara, 1954, 152). Bibliography: Barthold, Turkestan, 79; Hudud al-'ālam, 335; Le Strange, 425. (R. N. FRYE) »#2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 pp. 817-8 ※ SOURCE for Paryab see source « Faryab » Fariab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 10390883 coordinate: lat 27.9389 long 53.1704 NIMA/GNS names: Fariab , فاریاب , VARIANT names: Fariab , Faryab , Faryab (Fariyab) , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Fariab FOR Barab [Cornu], ※ SOURCE for Faryab « From Khunj, the route leads to the major city Kārzin via Lāghir and Faryāb. (45) fn. 45 Present-day Lāghir is a small village containing a Sassanian mountain fort. Faryāb is a vacant village, in which we located abandoned buildings, possibly a caravansaray, when we visited in 2016. See Map 4. » #3344 Yasuhiro Yokkaichi, The Maritime and Continental Networks of Kish Merchants under Mongol Rule: The Role of the Indian Ocean, Fārs and Iraq, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 2019 ~ p. 447 « Faryab » in {map#1138 in #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905 ~ fig. Map VI Provinces of Fars and Kirman} « The cross-road from Dârâbjird, given by Mukaddasî, goes by Juwaym of Abu Ahmad to Faryab or Bârâb, a stage on Mustawfi's route, and then to Kurân, on the Fårs Namah route, whence it led direct to Sîrâf'. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 296 ※ SOURCE for Faryab (Fariyab) « From Laghir, the road left Rüd-i Mand and headed southeast, passing Faryab (Fariyab) and heading towards Khunj. As mentioned above, Fariyāb is the same place name as Barab in al-Muqaddasi (166), and was located at the intersection of the road from Därābjird through Kariyan and the road from Kārzin. The present village of Faryab is 30 km west of Khunj, and although there is no road leading from Laghir, it is about 20 km away in a straight line (167). Mustawfi Qazwini records Färyäb as the name of a region, but it is unclear which city he was referring to (cf. Map 8) (168). fn. 166. al-Muqaddasi, p. 454.fn. 167. Farhang., p. 161.fn. 168. Mustafi Qazwini, p. 176). » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ p. 58 Fariab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062794 coordinate: lat 28.901445 long 51.464226 NIMA/GNS names: Fareyab , Fariab , Faryab , Parian , Tarian , پاريان , فارياب , VARIANT names: Fariab , Fehria , ※ SOURCE for Fariab « From this point the path tends E. by S., and after running for about 5 furlongs up the valley with a stream on the right (S.) and remains of a watercourse on the left (N.), debouches into a cultivated amphitheatre about 4 miles long by 2 broad, on the N.-E. of which lie three villages, Kalimeh (N.), Tang-i-Zard (E.), and Fariab (S.-E.). » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 62 ※ SOURCE for Fehria « Au midi de la vallée est le village de Fehria, dont les habitans sont en mésintelligence avec ceux de Kélémé. [To the south of the valley is the village of Fehria, whose inhabitants are at odds with those of Kélémé.] » #3256 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Gazetteer of Persia Vol. IV, Printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1892 ~ vol. 2 p. 56 Fariab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062789 coordinate: lat 27.142449 long 54.207812 NIMA/GNS names: Fariab , Faryab , Faryab-e Kuhej , Faryab-e Kuhij , فارياب , فاریاب کوهیج , VARIANT names: Fariab , ※ SOURCE for Fariab « Fariab » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lingeh G-40 G 1941} Farmahin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062738 coordinate: lat 34.503834 long 49.684367 NIMA/GNS names: Farmahin , فرمهين , VARIANT names: Farmahin , Farmoshgan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LCTY UFI: 10030169 coordinate: lat 29.1199 long 52.8147 NIMA/GNS names: Farmoshgan , فرمشگان , VARIANT names: Farmeshgan , Farmoshgan , Farrashband : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062746 coordinate: lat 28.8713 long 52.0916 NIMA/GNS names: Farash , Farashband , Farrash , Farrashband , فراشبند , VARIANT names: Farrachbent , Farrashband , Ferashband , Ferashbund , Ferashbund , Ferrachben , Ferrach-Bend , Furrashbund , ※ SOURCE for Farrachbent « Farrachbent 8 Farsangs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 492 ※ SOURCE for Farrashband « Farrashband » in {map#1158 Fig. 1 Location of Fahlian and other way stations on the Royal Road (Mostavi 1967), , , #3065 Nishiaki, Yoshihiro, Japanese excavations in the Mrav Dasht Plain, Iran. In: Archaeological Research and Preservation of Cultural Heritage in Iran, edited by K. Yamauchi, N. Murakami and T. Kanai, Fuefuki: Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Teikyo University, 2020 ~} ※ SOURCE for Ferashband « Ferashband » in {map#1231 ‘Sketch of Lieut. Snodgrass’s Route from Bushire to Shiraz, via Feruzabad, A.D. 1810’, , , [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3118, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Ferashbund « Ferashbund » in {map#1233 Route Map Shiraz to Bushire round trip, TAYLOR R L Lieutenant-Colonel, 1858, British Library: IOR X/3125, route map 5} ※ SOURCE for Ferashbund « We reached the village Ferashbund at the end of 38 miles, according to my reckoning; the distance from Firúzabad is reckoned at only 9 fursacks, and from Ahmedabad about 3 miles less. This village is embosomed in palm-groves. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ pp. 179-80 ※ SOURCE for Ferrachben « Nous trouvâmes une route de Chyraz à Bender-Abassy, un peu avant d'ar- river à Ferrachben; la journée fut longue, environ huit farsangs. [We found a road from Chyraz to Bender-Abassy, a little before arriving at Ferrachben; the day was long, about eight farsangs] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 516 ※ SOURCE for Ferrach-Bend « De Bouchgûn nous gagnâmes Ferrach-Bend qui en est éloigné de onze heures . [From Bouchgûn we reached Ferrach-Bend which is eleven hours away.] » #3388 Eugène Flandin, Pascal Xavier Coste, Voyage En Perse pendant les annees 1840 et 1841. Relation du voyage, Gide et J. Baudry, Paris, 1851 ~ p. 332 ※ SOURCE for Furrashbund « 5. FURRASHBUND-38 miles north-west-109 miles, 10 hours-274 hours. Road, level and good, across plain of Feerozabad, for first 10 miles; then undulating and very rugged over a succession of ridges and defiles; the most difficult between 20 and 26 miles. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 737 Farrashband : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 10334807 coordinate: lat 28.9 long 52.2024 NIMA/GNS names: Farrashband , فراشبند , VARIANT names: Farrashband , Farsian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062772 coordinate: lat 36.160181 long 49.933912 NIMA/GNS names: Farseyan , Farsian , Farsiyan , Parsian , Parsiyan , فارسيان , VARIANT names: Farsian , Pirissiphon , ※ SOURCE for Pirissiphon « This night we came to Pirissiphon [Farsian], a poore village, bein 3 lges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 64 Faryab district : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.993011 long 53.363013 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Faryab district , ※ SOURCE for Faryab district « The stages on the road down from Laghir to Huzû are given by Mustawfi (p. 200), but as no modern traveller has followed this route the names are not to be found on the map, and are most uncertain; the distances are in farsakhs (leagues). 'From Laghir 6 to Faryab district, thence 6 to the city of Saj (Sah, Haj, Dah, with many other variants), thence 5 to Ab-Anbar-i-Kinar, thence s to Haram (Siram or Marmaz), thence 6 down many steep passes to the village of Darûk (Darzak, Ürak or Davrak), thence 6 to Mahan (Hamân or Mâyân), and thence 6 by the pass of Lardak to Huzû on the sea-shore.' The district Mustawfi calls Faryab is evidently identical with Barab, half-way between Kariyan and Kuran, as given by Mukaddasi (p. 454). The city of Saj is a puzzle, none being known in this region, but possibly we should readJamm (Ist. 106). This route, unfortunately, is not reproduced in the Jahân Numa, nor is it given by any Arab geographer. The coast of the Banî-as-Saffär would appear to have been identical with the 'Umarah coast, to judge by what Istakhri (p. 141) and Yakut (iii. 217) write. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ pp. 257-8 fn. 1 « thence it is 5 leagues to Laghir, thence 6 to the Faryab District, thence 6 to the city of Khunj, thence 5 to Ab-Anbar-i-Kinar, thence 5 to Hurmuz, thence in 6 leagues by many steep passes to the village of Dārūk, fn. 2 The town of Khunj, anciently written Khung, lies some 8 leagues S.E. of Laghir, but the name of the Fāryāb District is now unknown. » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 176 Fasa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062808 coordinate: lat 28.9383 long 53.6482 NIMA/GNS names: Fasa , Fassa , فسا , VARIANT names: Fasa , Fazza , Fessa , Passà , ※ SOURCE for Fasa « This route passed Tarom, Forgh, Rustak, Darab, Darakan, Fasa, Sarvestan and then Shiraz, and from there onwards to Isfahan. This was the normal trade route prior the reign of Shah `Abbas I (1587-1629) . » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 252 and #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 67 « 25 mai. Nous traversâmes une basse montagne, puis une plaine bien arrosée, où il y a des cultures assez nombreuses en céréales, et çà et là plusieurs petits villages. Nous en trouvâmes un, aux trois quarts ruiné, puis nous arrivâmes à Fása, ville de moyenne grandeur. A Darap, on voyait encore quelques Palmiers; ici ils ont entièrement disparu. [May 25. We crossed a low mountain, then a well-watered plain, where there are quite numerous cereal crops, and here and there several small villages. We found one, three-quarters ruined, then we arrived at Fása, a medium-sized town. In Darap, we still saw a few palm trees; here they have completely disappeared. ] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 600 ※ SOURCE for Fazza « Nous voyons un chemin qui conduit à Fazza, bourg à douze farsengs N. E. de Djaroûn, et chef-lieu d'un district de ce nom. [We see a path leading to Fazza, a town twelve farsengs NE of Djaroûn, and capital of a district of that name.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 456 ※ SOURCE for Fessa « We reached Fessa, after performing what is called 11 fursacks, or 38½ miles, but which, I think, does not exceed 9 fursacks, or 31½ miles. The plain extends in length E. and W., and may be about 7 miles in breadth. Fessa itself, which is merely a large village of some 900 families, with a detached mud fort and some pleasant gardens, stands in the midst of it towards its western extremity » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 153 ※ SOURCE for Passà « Il venerdi poi, che era il diciassette di giugno, uscito già il sole, avendo camminato quattro leghe di lontananza, ma più assai di giro, per gli errori della notte, arrivammo alla terra grossa Passà, da me un'altra volta nell'andare in giù,[Then on Friday, which was the seventeenth of June, when the sun had already come out, having walked four leagues away, but much more around, due to the mistakes of the night, we arrived at the large land Passà, from me once again on the way down,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ pt. 2 p. 355 Fasa gate : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.602081 long 52.553463 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bab-i Fasa , D. Qassab-khana , Derwaza Cuffub Khana , Fasa gate , Kassab Khana , Khassap-Khane , ※ SOURCE for Bab-i Fasa « Bab-i Fasa » in {map#1282 in #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ fig. map 1 Map of Medieval Shiraz based on textual sources} ※ SOURCE for D. Qassab-khana « D. Qassab-khana » in {map#1271 in #3003 John R. Perry, Karim Khan Zand A History of Iran, 1747-1779, University of Chicago Press, Chicago:London, 2015 ~ fig. Fig. 3 Shiraz under Karim Khan} p. 273 ※ SOURCE for Derwaza Cuffub Khana « The city of Shirauz has fix gates, of which the following are the names: I ft, Derwaza Bag Shah; 2d, Derwaza Shah Meerza Hamza; 3d, Derwaza Sadi, fo called from its leading to the tomb of that celebrated poet ; 4th, Derwaza Cuffub Khana, adjoining to the flefh market; 5th, Derwaza Shadaje; 6th, Derwaza Kazeroon, » #3277 Francklin, William, Observations made on a tour from Bengal to Persia, in the years 1786-7; with a short account of the remains of the celebrated palace of Persepolis and other interesting events, Stuart and Cooper, Calcutta, 1788 ~ p. 22 ※ SOURCE for Fasa gate « According to Mostowfi, in 1340 Shiraz had nine gates. (11) ... Fasa Gate: on the southeast edge of the city. In the tenth century this gate was called the Kavar Gate (from the small town on the road to Firuzabad) and in 1972 it was known as the Qassabkhaneh (Slaughter- house) Gate. fn. 11 Nozhat al-Golub p. 113. » #3194 John W. Limbert, Shiraz in the Age of Hafez The Glory of a Medieval Persian City, University of Washington Press, 2004 ~ p. 53 ※ SOURCE for Kassab Khana « Once upon a time near the gate of Kassab Khana there used to be several pillars of mortar in which some outlaws in the seventies were built in alive as a punishment for their crimes. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 130 ※ SOURCE for Khassap-Khane « Nous entråmes dans la ville de Chirâz par la porte de Khassap-Khânè, et d'après son invitation, nous allâmes descendre chez le vézir Nasrullah-Khân, [We entered the city of Shiraz through the gate of Khassap-Khânè, and according to his invitation, we went to stay at the house of the vezir Nasrullah-Khân,] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 69 Fashan bath house : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.922564 long 53.25329 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Fashan bath house , ※ SOURCE for Fashan bath house حمام قدیمی فشان Fasiqa : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786865 coordinate: lat 24.422222 long 56.691944 NIMA/GNS names: Fasiqa , Fasiqah , VARIANT names: El Fasikeh , Farksa , Fasiqa , Fasiqah , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Fasiqa FOR Roçaque [Dames], ※ SOURCE for El Fasikeh « El Fasikeh » in {map#828 Map of Oman, S B Miles, 1910, Royal Geographical Journal} ※ SOURCE for Farksa « Farksa » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. Wellsted Royal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} ※ SOURCE for Fasiqah « Fasiqah » in {map#904 1:500,000 - World Series 1404, Great Britain. War Office and Air Ministry, 1958, -dubayy-548-d} Fatehabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062586 coordinate: lat 29.94 long 52.8 NIMA/GNS names: Fatehabad , Fatehabad , Fatehabad , Fathabad , Fathabad , Fathabad , Fathabad-e Sofla , فتح آباد سفلی , VARIANT names: Fatehabad , Fath 77 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 181 032 converted to coordinate: lat 22.63165 long 58.14925 VARIANT names: Fath 77 , ※ SOURCE for Fath 77 CHECK « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 57 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Fath 78 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 205 051 converted to coordinate: lat 22.64864 long 58.17275 VARIANT names: Fath 78 , ※ SOURCE for Fath 78 CHECK « Beehive tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 57 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Fath 79 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 200 020 converted to coordinate: lat 22.62067 long 58.16765 VARIANT names: Fath 79 , ※ SOURCE for Fath 79 CHECK « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 57 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Fathabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062842 coordinate: lat 29.2725 long 52.6521 NIMA/GNS names: Fatehabad , Fathabad , Fat-h'abad Kawar , Fathabad-e Kavar , فتح آباد , VARIANT names: Fathabad , ※ SOURCE for Fathabad « Fathabad » in {map#1232 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, parts of Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1915, Qatar Digital Library fig. Sheet No. 17 1915} Fathabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.723401 long 57.185724 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Fatehabad , Fathabad , ※ SOURCE for Fathabad « 5 miles weiter ist der höchste Punkt des Tût-Passes 6866 Fuss ü. d. Meere. Dann bergab passirt man 5 miles weiter das grosse Dorf Isfandeqeh oder Ispandeqeh (Isfand Peganum Harmala) und erreicht 1 mile davon den kleinen Ort Fathåbåd, 6426 Fuss ü. d. Meere. [5 miles further on is the highest point of the Tût Pass, 6866 feet above sea level. Then, going downhill, 5 miles further on, you pass the large village of Isfandeqeh or Ispandeqeh (Isfand Peganum Harmala), and 1 mile further on you reach the small town of Fathåbåd, 6426 feet above sea level.] » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~ p. 347 Fathabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062840 coordinate: lat 28.8173 long 53.3362 NIMA/GNS names: Fathabad , فتح آباد , VARIANT names: Fathabad , Fattehabad , ※ SOURCE for Fattehabad « Fattehabad » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~} Fathabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062838 coordinate: lat 28.591429 long 54.751534 NIMA/GNS names: Fathabad , فتح آباد , VARIANT names: Fathabad , Fathabad , ※ SOURCE for Fathabad « February 12th. Left at 7-53 A.M. The road ran through a level plain for about 7 miles, when about a quarter of a mile to the left, the village of Fathábád was passed. Almost directly after, it entered between some low hills, outside of which were numerous low mounds; also evidences of former buildings were noticed. At the immediate entrance to the hills there were the ruins of a large mill. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 13 Fathabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062885 coordinate: lat 30.865595 long 56.300899 NIMA/GNS names: Fathabad , Fathabad-e Yazdanabad , فتح آباد , VARIANT names: Fathabad , Fathabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062839 coordinate: lat 28.6599 long 57.151 NIMA/GNS names: Fathabad , Gavkosh , فتح آباد , VARIANT names: Fathabad , Fathabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194541 coordinate: lat 30.0246 long 55.3932 NIMA/GNS names: Falahabad , Fathabad , فتح آباد , VARIANT names: Fathabad , Fatuyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062891 coordinate: lat 27.330844 long 54.409976 NIMA/GNS names: Fatooyeh , Fatuyeh , فتویه , فتيه , VARIANT names: Fathura , Fatuyeh , ※ SOURCE for Fathura « After a week's halt we left for Lar, and on the way passed Fathura, a, village where there are sulphur springs which are at a temperature of 103". The inhabitants said they were very poor, and that in winter they used to sleep in the stream to keep themselves warm, and in proof of this assertion pointed out stoncs in the water which they used as pillo\vs. The march then lay up a valley near a river, on which stood Anwe, a » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 25 Faw'ah 10 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 662 823 converted to coordinate: lat 23.34187 long 58.62573 VARIANT names: Faw'ah 10 , ※ SOURCE for Faw'ah 10 « Circular tombs, oval graves » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 42 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Fazelabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062900 coordinate: lat 33.216036 long 47.276274 NIMA/GNS names: Fazelabad , Fazlabad , فاضل آباد , VARIANT names: Fazelabad , Fazilabad , ※ SOURCE for Fazilabad « At a distance of about 6 miles from Yārābād and at a point where the flat cultivated floor of the valley begins to narrow, there rises the conspicuous mound known as 'Chighā-sabz' ('Green Hill') not far from the hamlet of Fazilābād. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 210 Fazeli : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746030 coordinate: lat 27.4613 long 53.3713 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Now-e Fazeli , Fazeli , فاضلی , VARIANT names: Fazeli , Fedemabad , Plantane : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.9575 long 57.0333333333333 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Fedemabad , Plantane , ※ SOURCE for Fedemabad , Plantane « Breitenbestimmungen aus astronomischen Beobachtun- gen zwischen Kermån und Bender 'Abbas. Breite Länge Fedemabad, Plantane 28 57 27 57 2 35 (letzteres nach der englischen Admiralitätskarte). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~ p. 351 Fedeshkuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062915 coordinate: lat 28.796889 long 53.759494 NIMA/GNS names: Fashkuyeh , Fedashkuyeh , Fedeshkuh , Fedeshkuyeh , Fedshkuyeh , Fidishkun , Fidushkuh , فاشکویه , فدشکویه , VARIANT names: Fedeshkuh , Fidishkuh , ※ SOURCE for Fidishkuh « Fidishkuh » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Fehlian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062546 coordinate: lat 30.197652 long 51.497879 NIMA/GNS names: Fahleyan Bala , Fahlian , Fahlian-e `Olya , Fahlian-e Bala , Faleyun-e Bozorg , Fehlian , فهلیان , VARIANT names: Fahliun , Fehlian , ※ SOURCE for Fahliun « Fahliun » in {map#1134 in #902 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Journey in Western Iran, The Geographical Journal, London, 1938 (Oct.) 92:4:313-42 ~} Ferdows : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062926 coordinate: lat 34.018498 long 58.172222 NIMA/GNS names: Ferdows , Firdaus , Tun , فردوس , VARIANT names: Ferdows , Fereydunshahr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062938 coordinate: lat 32.941948 long 50.119909 NIMA/GNS names: Fareydunshahr , Fereydunshahr , فریدون شهر , VARIANT names: Fereydunshahr , Ferhadabad nr Shiraz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.628181 long 52.554861 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ferhadabad nr Shiraz , ※ SOURCE for Ferhadabad nr Shiraz « Before leaving Ferhadabad, I took various bearings of objects in the vicinity of Shiraz, which it may be useful to detail, premising that my position was at about 1 mile from the town, on a bearing of 25° E. Dome of Shah Cheragh in the town 210° » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 149 [ Feshan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062947 coordinate: lat 28.9182 long 53.2443 NIMA/GNS names: Feshan , فشان , VARIANT names: Feshan , Fesjun , Koidun (Feshan) , ※ SOURCE for Fesjun « and on the other side of the stream, the village of Baradjun, entirely surrounded by green foliage. After this place Barajan (Baradjun), via villages named as Charbi, Sendjan, Sagada, Bier, Fesjun and Asmunga, (82) fn. 81 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 111; Thevenot, vol.II, p.127; Stodart, p. 79 (Moozaferie); Valentijn, vol. V, p. 262 (Moesaserie; Mose Faril); Speelman, p. 82 (Mosaffry); Fryer, vol. II, p. 208 (Mussaferry); Hedges, p. 207 (Mussaferee); KA 1793, fol. 998 (Mossa Ferhie); Chardin, vol. VIII, p. 460 (Mouza fari); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 312 (Mossefarie); Carmelites, loc. cit. (Musafiri). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Koidun (Feshan) « Koidun (Feshan) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} Feshark : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013411 coordinate: lat 32.8471 long 52.3596 NIMA/GNS names: Fasharak , Fashark , Fesharak , Feshark , فشارک , VARIANT names: Feshark , Feyzabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062960 coordinate: lat 30.374098 long 57.543096 NIMA/GNS names: Faizabad , Feyzabad , Feyzabad , فیض آباد , VARIANT names: Feyzabad , Fidagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062533 coordinate: lat 27.585652 long 53.566901 NIMA/GNS names: Fadagh , Fidagh , Fidaq , فداغ , VARIANT names: Fedak , Fidagh , ※ SOURCE for Fedak « FEDAK-Lat. Long. Elev.A village in Läristan, Persia, 87 miles north-west of Mogu Bay, and 39 miles south south-east of Lar on the road between them. There is a fortified enclosure here, described as somewhat solid, but with no guns. Water is procured from wells. (Jones.) » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 146 [above repeated in #3256 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Gazetteer of Persia Vol. IV, Printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1892 ~ p. 127.] ※ SOURCE for Fidagh « 4 FIDAGH..18 m. Six hours. The road is over an open country and low passes. Camp in an open desert. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 53 Fiduyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062997 coordinate: lat 28.0088 long 52.7999 NIMA/GNS names: Fadooyeh , Fiduyeh , فیدویه , VARIANT names: Fiduyeh , Pidu , ※ SOURCE for Pidu « The Pidū stream is joined here by a tributary from the Garmusht valley; the hamlet of that name consists of 50 mud and mat huts and a mud fort; supplies small; water slightly brackish from ganāt. Continuing up the Pidu valley, the track crossthe level of the above low range, and crosses the Pidü stream. Pidū is a village of 30 huts, date grove. Tracks diverge to Haftawan via Bakhan and to Khunj direct (12 farsakhs) »#3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ pp. 163-4 fields : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.961237 long 64.103848 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: fields , ※ SOURCE for fields « The 29th we went ten p. and lodged in the open fields, where we could get nothing but water. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 214 fields : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.226758 long 62.680033 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: fields , ※ SOURCE for fields « The 4th four p. and lodged in the open fields, where we found nothing but water. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 214 fields : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.79506 long 64.663675 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: fields , ※ SOURCE for fields « The 26th we travelled seventeen c. and lodged in the open fields by the side of a river. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 213 Filam : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786887 coordinate: lat 26.18849 long 56.41787 NIMA/GNS names: Al Film , Fiiam , Filam , Film , الفلم , VARIANT names: Filam , Fillm , ※ SOURCE for Filam « The expedition was held up at the Musandam Station for more than a month (9 February to 18 March) owing to a touchy political problem. The Dhahuriyin Arabs who inhabit the Maqlab area were suspicious and unused to dealing with Europeans; most of them (notably in the villages of Habalayn, Muqaqah and Filam) were unfriendly, at least at first. » #52 Harris, Christina Phelps, The Persian Gulf submarine telegraph of 1864, The Geographical Journal, London, 1969 ~ p. 179 ※ SOURCE for Fillm From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « On the other side of the aforementioned mountain on which Cheijsa is situated one finds the bay of Fillm (22) . On its Northern side Mocha (23) is situated, to which the same applies as has been observed with regard to Cheijsa. fn. 22 The bay of Film, which forms part of the very large inlet known as Khor Ghazirah or Ghubbat Ghazirah. It is also known as Malcolm's Inlet . » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 301 Filim : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786888 coordinate: lat 20.616997 long 58.193907 NIMA/GNS names: Filim , فلم , VARIANT names: Filim , ※ SOURCE for Filim « International trade from the South Arabian period onwards was defined archaeologically by the presence of amphorae that began to flood the market by the third century BC. … Complete examples of these vessels have remarkably survived in Salalah houses, the tomb of Saleh bin Hud, and the largest number from Mahawt and Filim near Masirah. » #2665 Lynne S. Newton and Juris Zarins, Preliminary results of the Dhofar archaeological survey, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2009 vol. 40:pp. 247-265 ~ p. 257 Film 1 : arch. site OMN UTM: FH240810 converted to coordinate: lat 20.6240970290989 long 58.1901052752205 VARIANT names: Film 1 , ※ SOURCE for Film 1 « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Film 2 : arch. site OMN UTM: FH235842 converted to coordinate: lat 20.6530390888732 long 58.1855312247429 VARIANT names: Film 2 , ※ SOURCE for Film 2 « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Fin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063015 coordinate: lat 27.631709 long 55.891871 NIMA/GNS names: Fen , Fin , فن , فين , VARIANT names: Fin , Finn , ※ SOURCE for Finn « Après avoir marché vers l'E . pendant une heure , depuis le commencement de la vallée , et avoir franchi un ruisseau qui coule de gauche à droite , nous arrivons àFinn . Ce village , situé sur une butte , est défendu par un mur flanqué de tours , et entouré de fossés pleins d'eau . Il est dominé par un misérable petit fort . [After walking towards the E. After an hour, from the beginning of the valley, and having crossed a stream which flows from left to right, we arrive at Finn. This village, located on a hillock, is defended by a wall flanked by towers, and surrounded by ditches full of water. It is dominated by a miserable little fort.] » » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 382 Fin fortress : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.626421 long 55.894946 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Fin fortress , ※ SOURCE for Fin fortress « 2. Fin فين fortress (fig. 10): This was located on a plateau and was elevated enough to be a good strategic high point from which to control traffic on the road. » #3350 Mohammad-Bāgher Vosoughi, Welfare and Security Establishments on the Hormūz Strait: Lārestān Caravan Routes between the Fourteenth and Sixteenth Centuries CE, in: ed. Roderich Ptak and Ralph Kauz, Asian Sea Straits Functions and History (c. 500 to 1700), Orientierungen: Zeitschrift zur Kultur Asiens, , 2015, pp. 86-109 ~ p. 98 Findspots : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.737696 long 52.651851 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: « location in FIGURE 1 Tomb-e Bot, map of the site showing the location of the imposed grid system to sample pottery and architectural remains. » in #3354 alireza askari chaverdi, Post-Achaemenid Legacy of the Persian Gulf Hinterland Systematic Survey of Surface Remains from Tomb-e Bot, Fars, Iran, Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia, 2017 ~ p. 130 VARIANT names: Findspots , Fins 1 : arch. site OMN UTM: GL265381 converted to coordinate: lat 22.9356666539463 long 59.2087253012093 VARIANT names: Fins 1 , ※ SOURCE for Fins 1 « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Fins 2 : arch. site OMN UTM: GL264383 converted to coordinate: lat 22.9374855746624 long 59.2077799902664 VARIANT names: Fins 2 , ※ SOURCE for Fins 2 « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Fins 3 : arch. site OMN UTM: GL254401 converted to coordinate: lat 22.9538691951977 long 59.1982963971747 VARIANT names: Fins 3 , ※ SOURCE for Fins 3 « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Fins 4 : arch. site OMN UTM: GL258390 converted to coordinate: lat 22.9438856112538 long 59.2020345706492 VARIANT names: Fins 4 , ※ SOURCE for Fins 4 « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Firooz Abad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063068 coordinate: lat 34.360784 long 48.115383 NIMA/GNS names: Firooz Abad , Firooz Abad Olya , Firuzabad , Firuzabad-e `Olya , Firuzabad-e Bala , Firuzan , فیروز آباد بالا , فیروز آباد علیا , فیروزان , VARIANT names: Firooz Abad , Firuz Kuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3063085 coordinate: lat 35.751001 long 52.800596 NIMA/GNS names: Firuz Kuh , Kuh-e Firuz Kuh , فيروز كوه , كوه فيروز كوه , VARIANT names: Firuz Kuh , Firuzabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063026 coordinate: lat 28.8438 long 52.5707 NIMA/GNS names: Firuzabad , فیروز آباد , VARIANT names: Firouzabad , Firouz-Abad , Fírozabad , Firuzabad , ※ SOURCE for Firouzabad « Ayant trouvé un endroit où il y avait plusieurs sources d'excel- lente eau et quelques masures, nous y fimes notre menzil, à moitié chemin de Firouzabad, à environ quatre farsangs et demi. [Having found a place where there were several sources of excellent water and some hovels, we made our menzil there, half way from Firouzabad, about four and a half farsangs away.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 518 ※ SOURCE for Firouz-Abad « Firouz-Abad 8 Farsangs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 492 ※ SOURCE for Fírozabad « 4. Fírozábád-16 miles S.-71 miles; 4 miles-163 miles, 4 hours 15 minutes. by cast. Road good, except through the defile of Fierozkoon and the pass of Firozabad; latter is impracticable for artillery, but passable for mountain guns on mules. A heavy rain, the torrent in the pass becomes unfordable. General direction so by east. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 736 « Firozabad 40 miles Road bad. Near Firozabad descend the moun- tains into a beautiful well cultivated plain. The fort lies at the further extremity. » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ p. 460 ※ SOURCE for Firuzabad « FIRÜZABAD (formerly Piruzābād, 'the town of victory', and originally known as Gūr or Cür) is situated in 28° 50' N. Lat. and 52° 34' E. Long. (Greenwich); it is 1356 m. above sea level. The present town, which had 4,340 inhabitants in 1951, is 3 km. to the south-east of the ancient site. Firü-zābād, besides being one of the chief centres of the Kash-ka'i tribe [q.v.], is the chief administrative centre of the district (shahristan) of the same name in the seventh Ustan (Fars). The surrounding country is very fertile and well-watered and the climate is temperate. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 p. 925 « I2th March, Firuzabad, 6 farsakhs ; 8.30a.m. to 5 p.m. The next day's march was to take us to Firuzabad. The road passes through two defiles, cloven by the river in a rocky ridge 500 feet high, called the Knife-edge (par-i-Kdrd), and in a mountain-range beyond. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 84 Firuzabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 11575508 coordinate: lat 29.402799 long 55.67548 NIMA/GNS names: Firuzabad , فيروز آباد , VARIANT names: Feruzabad , Firuzabad , ※ SOURCE for Feruzabad « At the 16th mile those of Feruzabad and Makeabad, » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 64 Firuzabad (old) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.852474 long 52.532917 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ardašir-Xwarrah , Ardeshir Khore , Bayruzabad , Cur , Djour , Firuzabad (old) , Giouar , Gor , Gour , Gur , Jur , ※ SOURCE for Ardašir-Xwarrah « Ardašir-Xwarrah or Gör - Attestations: Islamic geographers reported that at the site of Gör there had previously been another town at the time of the Kayanids (Achaemenids), one which had been destroyed and flooded by Alexander. After Ardašir I had established his power in Pārs and its neighboring provinces, he ordered the town of Gor to be built at the site of the disappeared town. According to Tabari, it was the foundation of this royal town by Ardašir that infuriated Ardaẞān or Ἁρτάβανος (Artabanos) V, resulting in the decisive battle of Hurmuzjan. Kārnāmag i Ardaširi Pābgān, however, recorded that Gör was a town that had been founded by Ardašir after his victory over Artabanos (KAP. V.13, IX. 13) 12. Gör was the center of a district with the same name and the capital of Ardašir-Xwarrah. … - Identification: The ruins of the circular town of Gor (modern Firūz-Abād) are located about 3 km to the west of the modern town of Firūz-Abād. The Sasanian town of Gor was in fact part of a larger collection of structures and monuments built by Ardašir I in the Firūz-Abād region. They included the palace-fortress of Qal'e-Doxtar, the larger palace in the Firūz-Abād plain, two magnificent rock reliefs below Qal'e-Doxtar and the hydraulic structures, reported both in Kārnāmag i Ardaširi Pābgān and in the Islamic sources, to the south west of the circular town. Fn. 11 Tabari, Vol. V: 11. » #3092 Negin Miri, Sasanian Pars: Historical Geography and Administrative Organization, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2012 ~pp. 48-9 ※ SOURCE for Ardeshir Khore « and before reaching the sea it used to drink Khonaifaqan, Gur and other areas in Ardeshir Khore. (Istakhari, 121; » #3088 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars Rivers (in Persian) in Proceeding of the 1st Conference of Historical Geography, Tehran-March 2015 (pp.651-668), ~ p. 656 ※ SOURCE for Bayruzabad « Gür ou BayrūzābādVI C4Ruines à 3 km au NO de Fayrūzābād Iran Cité de la circonscription d'Ardašir ou de Širāz1 97, 104, 116, 118, 121, 123, 124, 128, 129, Η 262, 264, 267, 272, 278-79, 298, Hur 44, 47, Qud 232, F 198, 201, 203, 204, 210, R97, 224, Muq 25, 30, 52, 258(f), 421, 422, 423, 432, 443, 448, 454, 455, 456 Yaq II, 146-48, LS 255-56, Schw 56, DKI 171-72, EI II 947, s v Fayrūzābād » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 49 ※ SOURCE for Cur « FIRÜZABAD (formerly Piruzābād, 'the town of victory', and originally known as Gūr or Cür) » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 p. 925 « Büreze nehri Derâcân-i Siyah nahiyesinden çikar Huneyfigan ve Curtakim sular, Erdesir-i Hurra rustaklarini geçtikten sonradenize dökülür, Fars bölgesinde daha baska nehirler bulunur.le bu kadariyla yetinecegiz.[Büreze River originates from Derâcân-i Siyah township. The waters of Huneyfagan and Cur groups flow into the sea after passing the Erdesir-i Hurra rustaks. There are other rivers in the Fars region. We will be content with this.] » #3174 Ibn Havkal trans. Ramazan Sesen, 10. Asirda Islam Cografyasi (Yeditepe Yayinevi), Yeditepe Yayinlari, 2014 ~ p. 221 ※ SOURCE for Djour « De Chiraz à Djour, 60 milles.Djour fut construite par Ardechir dans un lieu très-marécageux, ou plutôt sur l'emplacement d'un étang que ce prince fit dessécher. C'est une ville considérable, ceinte d'un mur en terre et d'un fossé, avec quatre portes; elle est comparable, en étendue, à Istakhar, à Sabour et à Darabdjerd; les constructions y sont vastes et les cours des maisons spacieuses; elle est entourée de jardins et de vergers. Le voyageur, en parcourant cette ville et ses environs, peut contempler de toutes parts de beaux édifices, des maisons de plaisance et des promenades charmantes; le climat y est très-sain. On voyait autrefois à Djour un belvédère connu sous le nom de Tirbal (---) élevé par les soins d'Ardechir, et construit de telle manière que, du haut de ce lieu, une personne pût apercevoir d'un coup d'œil toute la ville et ses environs; au sommet était un autel consacré au culte du feu. A l'époque de la conquête, les Musulmans détruisirent cet édifice et il n'en subsiste, de nos jours, que les ruines.On fabrique à Djour de l'eau de rose très-pure, répandant une odeur suave et conservant longtemps son parfum sans éprouver, pour ainsi dire, d'altération. Elle est connue sous le nom d'eau de rose djouri. » #3001 Al-Idrisi, P. Amedee Jaubert, Geographie d'Edrisi, Bertrand, Paris, 1836 ~ vol. 1 p. 394 ※ SOURCE for Firuzabad (old) « The site of the old town of Firūzābād, known as Gür (or Jūr to the Arabs) until 'Adud ad-Dauleh (A.D. 949-82) changed its name to Firūzābād, lies a little over 2 miles to the NW. of the present Firūzābād. The site is marked by the decayed earth ramparts and wide fosse of a ruined circumvallation, which, as the plane-table survey (Plan 1) showed, forms an exact circle 1? miles in diameter. This circular ground-plan, 'even as though drawn with compasses', to use Ibn-al-Balkhi's graphic description, 5 fully agrees with Ibn-al-Faqih's reference to Gür having been built after the model of Dārābgird. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 117 ※ SOURCE for Giouar « fn. 572 Route from Siraf to Giouar, or Firuz-abad. Al-Edrissi, p. 125: » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p. 489 footnote « at Giouar, or Firouzabad, an inland city, the capital of the district Ardeshir, celebrated for its gardens, vineyards, and roses, as pre-eminent in Persia as those of Pêstum in Italy. I fix upon this place, because I learn from Otter, that the river of Giouar receives a stream called Sita Rhegian (224), fn. 224 Raiguian. Otter. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ p. 386 ※ SOURCE for Gor see source « Ardašir-Xwarrah » above « - Identification: The ruins of the circular town of Gör (modern Firūz-Abād) are located about 3 km to the west of the modern town of Firūz-Abad. The Sasanian town of Gor was in fact part of a larger collection of structures and monuments built by Ardašir I in the Firüz-Abād region. They included the palace-fortress of Qal'e-Doxtar, the larger palace in the Firūz-Abād plain, two mag- nificent rock reliefs below Qal'e-Doxtar and the hydraulic struc- tures, reported both in Kārnāmag i Ardaširi Pābgān and in the Islamic sources, to the south west of the circular town. » #3092 Negin Miri, Sasanian Pars: Historical Geography and Administrative Organization, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2012 ~ p. 49 ※ SOURCE for Gour « 4° DJOÛR (Goûr, en persan). D'après l'Alwal, 77º de longitude et 28° 25' de latitude; d'après Ibn Sa'id, 78° de longitude et 31° 30' de latitude; d'après le Rasm, 78°15' de longi- tude et 31° 30' de latitude. Troisième climat. District d'Ardaschir. Djoûr (7) est une des villes principales du Fars. Ibn Hauqal dit qu'elle est environnée d'une muraille de terre et d'un fossé. Elle a quatre portes et pos sède des cours d'eau. C'est une ville agréable remplie de vergers. On en exporte de l'eau de rose dans tous les pays. L'auteur de l'Azizi dit qu'un petit canton dépend de Djour et que de Djour à Schiraz on compte vingt- quatre parasanges. Ailleurs il dit vingt parasanges. Il ajoute que de Djour à Kâzroûn il y a seize parasanges. fn. Cf. plus bas l'article Firouzabadh. » #3136 Abū al-Fidā' Ismā?il ibn ?Ali, Joseph Toussaint Reinaud, Géographie d'Aboulféda Volumes 1–2, A l'imprimerie Nationale, Paris, 1848 ~ Tome II Parte 2 p. 94 ※ SOURCE for Gur « FIRÜZABAD (formerly Piruzābād, 'the town of victory', and originally known as Gūr or Cür) » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 p. 925 « 6. Gür, renamed Firūzābād under the Buyids. Ist., 153, seems to indicate that only the qaisum-water was the exclusive speciality of Jūr. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 377 ※ SOURCE for Jur « The city of Firuzâbâd was anciently called Jûr, and in Sassanian times this (in place of the later Shiraz) had been the chief town of the district of Ardashir Khurrah. Istakhri reports that the plain here had originally been a lake, this having been drained by King Ardashir, who built the city round an artificial mound-still existing here in the 4th (roth) century and later-called At-Tirbâl, the Look-out,' with a building named in Persian the Aywân (Archway), standing upon a great platform. At this time Jûr was as large as Istakhr, and the city was surrounded by a wall and ditch, with four gates, namely Báb Mihr to the east, Bâb Bahram opposite, Bâb Hurmuz to the north, and Bâb Ardashir to the south. The name Jur, in Persian pronounced Gür, means 'a grave,' and it was held inauspicious by the courtiers of 'Adud-ad-Dawlah the Buyid, who was fond of coming here, that the Amîr should be said to be residing in Gûr, 'the grave.' Hence Jûr was renamed Fîrâzâbâd-the Abode of Luck-and so it is called at the present day. Mukaddasi, who gives the story, speaks of the great town square (Rahbah), and the beautiful rose gardens of Firûzâbâd, also of the well-cultivated country round, stretching a day's march across. Water for the town was brought from a neighbouring hill by means of a syphon tube, and according to the Persian geo- graphers there was a great castle four leagues from the town, called Kalah Saharah (or Shaharah). » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ pp. 255-6 Firuzabad Bridge : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.916502 long 52.537006 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Firuzabad Bridge , ※ SOURCE for Firuzabad Bridge Firuzabad, Bridge online reference link [accessed 24 Nov 2024] Firûzabad river : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 28.949526 long 52.544657 VARIANT names: Burazah (or Bararah) , Firûzabad river , Tirzah , ※ SOURCE for Burazah (or Bararah) « The Firûzâbâd river is named by Istakhri the Tirzah; the Fars Namah and Mustawfi call it the Burâzah (or Barârah) river. It rose in the Khunayfghân district, and was said to have been turned from its original course by Alexander the Great, who, when besieging Jûr, flooded the country round and made the lake, which was subsequently drained by Burazah the Sage in the reign of King Ardashir » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 256 ※ SOURCE for Firûzabad river « About half-way between Laghir and the sea the main stream receives an important affluent from the north, namely the river of Firûzâbâd. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 255 ※ SOURCE for Tirzah « The Firûzâbâd river is named by Istakhri the Tirzah; the Fars Namah and Mustawfi call it the Burâzah (or Barârah) river. It rose in the Khunayfghân district, and was said to have been turned from its original course by Alexander the Great, who, when besieging Jûr, flooded the country round and made the lake, which was subsequently drained by Burazah the Sage in the reign of King Ardashir » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 256 Firuzabad, Relief 2 : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.916571 long 52.537331 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Firuzabad, Relief 2 , ※ SOURCE for Firuzabad, Relief 2 Firuzabad, Relief 2 online reference link [accessed 24 Nov 2024] Firuzabad: Ardashir Palace : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.897981 long 52.539214 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Firuzabad: Ardashir Palace , ※ SOURCE for Firuzabad: Ardashir Palace « 1568-005 Firuzabad: Ardashir PalaceIran (Islamic Republic of) N28 53 52.73 E52 32 21.175.9 ha » Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region UNESCO online reference link [accessed 28 Nov 2024] Firuzi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063078 coordinate: lat 29.9283 long 52.8336 NIMA/GNS names: Firoozi Marvdasht , Firuzi , Firuzi-ye Marvdasht , فیروزی , VARIANT names: Firuzi , Firuzkuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063087 coordinate: lat 35.756736 long 52.770624 NIMA/GNS names: Firuzkuh , Qasabeh-ye Firuz Kuh , فيروزكوه , VARIANT names: Firuzkuh , Pirriscow , ※ SOURCE for Pirriscow « This daye we came to Pirriscow [Firüzkūh], a very pretie towne liinge between two hills. This towne doth abound in walnootes and apricokes. Here we picht, haueing traveled 6 leauges. Here we stayed the 14th daye. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 47 Fishvar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063090 coordinate: lat 27.798321 long 53.684686 NIMA/GNS names: Fish Var , Fishvar , فیش ور , فیشور , VARIANT names: Fishvar , Folasseer : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.426282 long 53.538463 † basis (unknown, approximate location coordinates) Supplement: Lingah to Allamurdhesht, 4 stages total given 126 miles, actual distance 166 miles. Prorata stage 28 miles to 37 and stage 42 to 55. VARIANT names: Folasseer , ※ SOURCE for Folasseer « Folasseer in route Lingah to Shiraz» #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 344 Forat : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.796755 long 47.703385 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Forat , Forat Meisan , Maghloob , ※ SOURCE for Forat « In the 1st century A.D., caravans from Petra arrived at the town of Forat 11 or 12 miles downstream from Charax. Its site was either near the modern town of al-Tanuma on the left bank of the Shatt al-'Arab, or, according to Hansman, at Maghlub, 17.4 km. (10.8 miles) southeast of Djabal Khayābir. Apologos (al-Ubulla) also appears as an emporium on the right bank of the Shat al-Arab opposite Forat at 'Ashshār, the modern port of al-Basra, in the 1st century. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 6 p 919 « The name Apologos is not attested elsewhere. Strabo (16.765) mentions only a Teredon at the head of the gulf. Pliny (6.145) mentions a Forat as well as Teredon and (6.139-40) discusses Charax at length. Forat, the Furat Maisan of the early Islamic period, was probably located about twenty airline miles northwest ofBasra (j. Hansman, "Charax and (he Karkheh," lranica Anliqua 7 [1967]: 21-58 at 26,47,51-52). » #2599 Casson, Lionel, The Periplus Maris Erythraei : text with introduction, translation, and commentary, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1989, ~ p. 179 « Palmyrene inscriptions of the second century also testify to successful caravan journeys undertaken between that city and both Charax and Forat (2). Forat was located some 11 miles (17.7 km) below Charax on the Tigris (3). The town of Apologos, situated across and down river from Forat, appears at this time to have replaced Charax as the major port of the country (4). Nodelman suggests that Mithradates IV (A.D. 128-147) further moved the capital from Charax to Forat (5). domains (6). fn. 2) Starcky op. cit. No. 81 p. 52; No. 112 p. 68; No. 114 p. 69 sq. fn. 3) Pliny VI, 145. fn. 4) Periplus of the Erythraean Sea (trans. Schoff) New York, 1912, XXXV-XXXVI p. 36; also see Weissbach, 'Maisan' in Pauly-Wissowa. fn. 5) See Nodelman p. 113 sq. for the state of Characene during the reign of Mithradates. » #2970 John Honsman, Charax And The Karkheh, Iranica antiqua, 1967 vol. 7:pp. 21-58 ~ p. 25 « It is easy to understand why the city of Forāt (al-Furāt) was so named by the pre-Islamic inhabitants of Mesopotamia. The emporium of Characene became identified with the Aramaic name of the Euphrates (Forat), which flowed into the 'old' Tigris a short distance below that city. When the Tigris changed it course into the Wasit channel, the Nahr Abū '1-Asad (Nahr al-Furāt) came to carry the waters of both Tigris and Euphrates. » #2970 John Honsman, Charax And The Karkheh, Iranica antiqua, 1967 vol. 7:pp. 21-58 ~ p. 50 « In fact it is only in the first and second centuries A.D. that we find evidence indicating thal Charax - and Forât further downstream - were important transshipment points for goods traveling to and from both the Nabateans and Palmyra. (16) fn. 16. For trade between Charax and Palmyra and the Nabataeans and through the Persian Gulf in the first and second centuries A.D. see, for example, Tarn, GBI2 61; J. Teixidor, Mesopotamia (1987) 191–92; id. In Materialien 293–94; H. M. Bin Seray, Aram 8 (1996) 15–32; Schuol, Die Charakene 380–87, 412–15. » #2858 Getzel M. Cohen, The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2013, ~ p. 116 ※ SOURCE for Forat Meisan « Between 130 and 150 A.D. , in the reign of Mithridates IV, Spasinou Charax was given up for Forat Meisan (today Maghloob), but the two towns might have co-existed for a while. The new site lies a few miles to the south of Spasinou Charax and appears like a tell of 1.2 x 1 mile . Some changes in the shores of the “Chaldean Lakes” could explain this move . The city is mentioned in the Syriac texts o f the 5th century A.D. as “Perat of Meiahan” or Furat. In Nestorian and later Armenian sources it is referred to as the biggest City of Maiahan (Chabot 1902: 272, 478). Following Hamza Isfahani, Ardeshir I could have set up the city again as Bahman Ardeshir (after Whitehouse nd Williamson 1973: 31 - 2). » #2809 R. Boucharlat, J.-F. Salles, The History and Archaeology of The Gulf From The Fifth Century B.C. to the Seventh Century A.D.: A Review Of The Evidence, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1981, Vol. 11:pp. 65-94 ~ p. 72 ※ SOURCE for Maghloob « The mound which measures approximately 1.1 miles (1.8 km) by .81 mile (1.3 km) is now called Maghloob (Arabic for conquered), Maghloob is located 2 miles (4.2 km) to the east of the old Tigris (fig. z). A similar separation of Charax from Tigris Channel I, was earlier observed. … In conclusion then, there would seem little doubt that Maghloob is, in fact, Forat. The location is certainly in agreement with Pliny, and indeed, we know of no other city of such extensive size of the historical period, which could claim the site. » #2970 John Honsman, Charax And The Karkheh, Iranica antiqua, 1967 vol. 7:pp. 21-58 ~ pp. 52 and 53 ford Shirin (Mund R.) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.653234 long 53.159556 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: ford Shirin (Mund R.) , ※ SOURCE for ford Shirin (Mund R.) « Before reaching Dasht-i-Dal at 9 miles, the Shirin river (Münd river, presum- ably the same which joins the Shër river near Duzdāgh) flows past in a very deep bed. In December the ford was 24 feet deep, and, the water running very strongly, it was about 20 yards across. Dasht-i-Dal, which is on the farther bank, is a small village. Thence the road is level for 2 miles up to the deserted vil'age of Deh Ban. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 479 Forg river : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.247827 long 55.128231 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Forg river , ※ SOURCE for Forg river « At 4 miles pass the junction of the Forg river with the river Shur. Road now up the left bank of the Forg river, which is almost hidden from view by rushes and long grass which shelters the wild boar and other game. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 15 fort ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.912775 long 52.941124 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: 38x38m bastions at 4 corners VARIANT names: fort ? , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.455862 long 48.337985 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Forte Portoghese Failakah , ※ SOURCE for Forte Portoghese Failakah « Forte Portoghese Failakah » in {map#1084 Fig. 7. L'isola di Failakah con l'indicazione dei siti archeologici (1-16)., , 1984, #2947 S. Patitucci, G. Uggeri, Failakah : insediamenti medievali islamici ricerche e scavi nel Kuwait, L'Erma di Bretschneider, Rome, 1984 ~} fortress nr. Dom-banje : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.182091 long 53.950372 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: fortress nr. Dom-banje , Qal a Tesörg , ※ SOURCE for fortress nr. Dom-banje « J'allai voir à une demi lieuc delà à l'oueft, une montagne féparée des autres, fur laquelle il y avoit eu autrefois une fortereffe. Je trouvai fur le fommet un puits taillé dans le roc, dont l'ouverture avoit 10. pieds de diametre, et qui n'étoit cependant pas des plus profonds, comme il parut par quelques pierres que j'y jettai. Il y avoit à côté une voute, de 19. pas de long, fur 12. de large au milieu, avec un dome au-deffus, lequel avoit 27. pieds de diametre en dedans, rond et ouvert par le haut etc par les côtez, en partie tombé en ruines. [I went to see half a league beyond to the west, a mountain separated from the others, on which there had formerly been a fortress. I found at the summit a well cut into the rock, the opening of which was 10 feet in diameter, and which was however not very deep, as it appeared from some stones that I threw into it. There was a vault next to it, 19 feet long and 12 feet wide in the middle, with a dome above, which had a diameter of 27 feet inside, round and open from the top and sides. , partly fallen into ruins.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 315 ※ SOURCE for Qal a Tesörg « Von Mensir Kieschik SO 2 ½ Farsach nach Qal a Tesörg Dies war ein Felsenhügel, der von der übrigen Bergkette durch einen kleinen ebenen Strich getrennt war. Er hatte Trümmer einer Befestigung über sich inmitten dieser von den höchsten Bergen um- schlossenen Landschaft. Von dort hatte man die beste Aussicht auf die Umgebung. Die Festung war von rötlichen Feldsteinen erbaut und hatte einen durch den Fels gehauenen Brunnen von etwa 50 Klafter Tiefe, wie ich aus Steinwürfen schloß, welche auf einen trockenen Grund mit großem Getöse aufschlugen und den in den Felsritzen wohnenden blauen Feldtauben (51) keinen geringem Schreck einjagten. Zuoberst war ein noch stehendes altes Bauwerk einer gleichsam Masdjed (Moschee), die nach SO und NW ein Loch durch die Spitze der Klippe hatte, durch das man bis zur Höhe des Felsens klimmen konnte. [From Mensir Kieschik SO 2 ½ Farsach to Qal a Tesörg This was a rocky hill that was separated from the rest of the mountain range by a small, flat line. He had the ruins of a fortification above him in the middle of this landscape surrounded by the highest mountains. From there you had the best view of the surrounding area. The fortress was built of reddish field stones and had a well cut through the rock about 50 fathoms deep, as I gathered from stones thrown, which hit the dry ground with a loud noise and caused no small fright to the blue field pigeons (51) living in the cracks in the rock hunted in. At the top was a still-standing old structure of what looked like a masdjed (mosque), which had a hole through the top of the cliff to the SE and NW through which one could climb to the height of the rock.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 116 « Moüezeré au milieu d'un agréable bocage où il y a de bonne eau de source, mais comme on n'y trouve point de vivres, on pousse jusqu'à Detadombé, bon village situé dans une plaine. Un quart de lieue au-deçà on découvre sur un haut rocher les ruines d'un vieux château, et autour du village il y a grand nombre de palmiers. Ce carvansera est bon et est accompagné d'une assez bonne citerne. [Moüezeré in the middle of a pleasant bocage where there is good spring water, but as we cannot find any food there, we push on to Detadombé, a good village located on a plain. A quarter of a league beyond we discover on a high rock the ruins of an old castle, and around the village there are a large number of palm trees. This carvansera is good and comes with a pretty good tank.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 316 Forur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3063099 coordinate: lat 26.2875 long 54.516389 NIMA/GNS names: Farur Island , Favr , Jazireh-e Forur , Jazireh-e-Farur , Jazireh-ye Forur , Zazirat Farur , جزيره فرور , جزيرۀ فرور , ززيرت فارور , فور , VARIANT names: Faro , Farūr , Farus , Forur , I. palurde , Pelour I. , Pelouro , Phelur , pilor , Polier , Polior Or Belior , Pylora , ※ SOURCE for Faro « PHELUR, ilha - v. Faro, ilha. [Pedro Teixeira - Relações de …]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 48 « FARO, ilha - A ilha Farus, em 26° 17' lat. N. e 54" 30' long. E., no golfo Pérsico. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 43 ※ SOURCE for Farūr « pilor, I. palurde [Portuguese name] Farūr [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Farus « FARO, ilha - A ilha Farus, em 26° 17' lat. N. e 54" 30' long. E., no golfo Pérsico. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 43 ※ SOURCE for I. palurde « pilor, I. palurde [Portuguese name] Farūr [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Pelour I. « I. Pelour » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 ※ SOURCE for Pelouro « We passed the isles of Phelur, which we call Pelouro;(3) fn. 3 Meaning “cannon-ball” in Portuguese.-D. F » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ p. 20 ※ SOURCE for Phelur « PHELUR, ilha - v. Faro, ilha. [Pedro Teixeira - Relações de …]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 48 ※ SOURCE for pilor « pilor, I. palurde [Portuguese name] Farūr [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Polier « Polier» in {map#997 [Carte anglaise du golfe Persique] / Made by John Thornton at the Signe of the Platt in the Minories, John Thornton, 1699, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 5 RES} see AHduGP map 87 ※ SOURCE for Polior Or Belior « POLIOR, OR BELIOR, in lat. 26° 18' N.,† lon. 54° 40' E. is an uninhabited island, situated to the south of Mogoo Bay, being about 5 miles long from N. N. E. to S. S. W., and 3 miles broad, and it may be seen 7 leagues. Two rocks above water lie about a cable's length off its west end, but in all other parts the island seems steep to, and may be approached within a cable's length on the east side. A ship may lie completely sheltered from a N. Wester, by anchoring in 28 fathoms about a of a mile from the shore, with the extremes of the island from S. W, W. to N., and Nobfleur S. W. S. On the north side of the island, there are 50 fathoms within a mile of the shore. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ p. 260 ※ SOURCE for Pylora « LE LENDEMAIN, il laissa sur sa gauche l'île Pylora, aujourd'hui Péloro, prit quelques rafraîchissemens à Sidodona, et vint relâcher au promontoire Tarsias, nommé Gherd maintenant, après avoir fait dans cette journée 300 stades. » [THE NEXT DAY, he left Pylora Island on his left, today Peloro, took some refreshments at Sidodona, and came to release at the promontory Tarsias, named Gherd now, after having made in this day 300 stadia.] #2703 P.-F.-J. Gossellin, Recherches sur la géographie systématique et positive des anciens. Tome 3 / ; pour servir de base à l'histoire de la géographie ancienne., Impr. de la République, 1798-1813 ~ p. 73 Forur Shoal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHOL UFI: -3063100 coordinate: lat 26.433333 long 54.55 NIMA/GNS names: Farun Shoal , Farur Shoal , Forur Shoal , فرور شل , VARIANT names: Forur Shoal , Four-arched fire temple of Konro : place IRN (chahar taq) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.671408 long 54.42224 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Four-arched fire temple of Konro , frontier line : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.394671 long 45.484099 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: frontier line , ※ SOURCE for frontier line « to ascend gently some barren hills to the frontier line which is crossed at 6½ miles; here there is a ground mud tower and an old Turkish picquet. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 149 Fudaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 247353 coordinate: lat 32.6967 long 52.9846 NIMA/GNS names: Fudaz , فوداز , VARIANT names: Fudaz , Fudhra : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786812 coordinate: lat 26.124842 long 56.132332 NIMA/GNS names: Fadgha' , Fadgha' , Fadghah , Fudar , Fudgha , Fudhra , فضغاء , VARIANT names: Endra , Fudhra , ※ SOURCE for Endra located between Rumdtha and Bokha. Map created in 1832. It was written in English and Arabic.#2587 Original surveys by Lieutenants John Michael Guy, George Barnes Brucks, Robert Cogan, William Eales Rogers and Stafford Bettesworth Haines, 1821-29, 'Chart of The Gulf of Persia.' IOR/X/3635/35/1-2, James Horsburgh, Hydrographer to the Honourable East India Company, 1832 ~ ※ SOURCE for Fudhra Survey, design, consultants of water supply schemes for Tayibat, Ghrumdah, Fudhra, Bukha, Al Jadi, Al Jirri, Qidah, Kumzar, Habalayn, Shabus, Shairsah, Limah, Bayah #171 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Musandam Water Supply Schemes, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1975 ~ Fujairah : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -782158 coordinate: lat 25.116412 long 56.341408 NIMA/GNS names: Al Fujayrah , Al-Fudjayra , Fujaira , Fujairah , Fujayrah , الفجيرة , VARIANT names: Fedjeerah , Fidgira , Fujairah , ※ SOURCE for Fedjeerah « Fedjeerah is a small fort and village, in lat. 25° 7' 30" N., long. 56° 23' 40" E. It has about one hundred and fifty inhabitants, mostly fishermen and cultivators. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p.624 ※ SOURCE for Fidgira « Bireïmah may be approached from Schinas by two of these , Wádí Khór and Wádí Uttar. From Fidgira another road leads across the ridge to Shárga , which is two and a half days distant . » #19 Wellsted, James Raymond, Travels in Arabia, John Murray, London, 1838 ~ vol. 1 p. 237 Fulaj 50 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 641 016 converted to coordinate: lat 22.61336 long 58.59661 VARIANT names: Fulaj 50 , ※ SOURCE for Fulaj 50 CHECK « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 51 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Fulayj 34 : arch. site OMN UTM: GV 455 860 converted to coordinate: lat 22.46271 long 59.38572 VARIANT names: Fulayj 34 , ※ SOURCE for Fulayj 34 « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 47 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Funnel Hill : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.883134 long 51.700807 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Funnel Hill , very high Cliffe , ※ SOURCE for Funnel Hill [ « Funnel Hill » coordinate based on highest point that represents a pillar. PBR] « Funnel Hill (27°52'N., 51°36'E.) is situated about 13 miles SSE of the summit of Kuh-e Darang and about 3 miles inland. It is table-topped, about 244m high, and has a small natural pillar that is a good landmark. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022, ~ p. 297 ※ SOURCE for very high Cliffe « The last day of May, we passed by a very high Cliffe, and upon it is a Rocke like unto a Barne, which lyeth East and West, and to the West end of it lyeth a round Rocke, which is like an Hay-cocke, about two yards high. And this Cliffe is within three dayes sailing of Ormuz. And there the ships put off from the Land that goe for the Ile of Baharem: » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 457 Furg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063128 coordinate: lat 28.3055 long 55.2109 NIMA/GNS names: Farak , Forg , Furg , Furk , فرگ , VARIANT names: Burj , Burk , Chuerch , Forg , Forgh , Furg , Porg , Purg , Purg or Furg , ※ SOURCE for Burj « No longer remarkable are the two towns, or more exactly villages, of Darabjird, whose creation tradition ascribes to Darius I, and Furg or Furj, Arabic Burj, both also situated on the main road from Färs to Kirman. In the tenth century, there were fortified towns of commerce and industry here, and the main market was in Fasa. » #975 Barthold, W, An Historical Geography of Iran … translated By Svat Soucek, Edited with an Introduction By C.E. Bosworth, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, ~ p. 161 ※ SOURCE for Burk « and thence 3 leagues to Burk (Purg or Forg); from here it is 6 leagues to Tashlu, » #3133 trans. G. Le Strange, The Geographical Part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub¯ Composed by Hamd-Allāh Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 177 ※ SOURCE for Chuerch « Primo nui ritroviamo una città la qual se chiama Chuerch, 311) lassando certi castelli li quali se vedeno prima che s se ariva in ditta città, di quali non habbiamo cosa alcuna memorabile da dir; in questa città è una fossa d'aqua nel modo di una fontana, fn. 311. Chuerch. Termine evidentemente corrotto. Sembra probabile che si intenda la cittadina di Furg (anticamente Purg), sulla carovaniera da Shiraz a Bandar-'Abbās, via Däräbgird, a 160 km. da quest'ultima località. Muqaddasi, che scrive Furj, afferma che vi erano due città gemelle, Furj e Burk; la prima era dotata di numerose terme, poichè l'acqua vi abbondava, come del resto nella città vicina. Nulla egli dice però del pozzo descritto dal Barbaro. Non si trovano riferimenti a tale pozzo neppure nelle altre fonti da noi consultate, come il Fars-Nama di IBN AL-BALKHI (pp. 128, 130, 159 e 161) e la Nuzhat-al-Qulub del MUSTAUFI, cit., p. 37. Pietro della Valle attraverserà Purg (così egli scrive) viaggiando da Shiraz al Golfo Persico, ma non ne lascierà alcuna descrizione. E assai improbabile che il nome sia corruzione di Khärg o Kharak, perchè questa è un'isola, ciò che quasi certamente il Barbaro avrebbe fatto notare. (Lo.) [First we find a city called Chuerch, 311) leaving behind certain castles which are seen before one arrives in the said city, of which we have nothing memorable to say; in this city there is a ditch of water in the manner of a fountain, fn. 311. Chuerch. Evidently a corrupt term. It seems probable that the town of Furg (anciently Purg) is meant, on the caravan route from Shiraz to Bandar-'Abbās, via Däräbgird, 160 km. from the latter locality. Muqaddasi, who writes Furj, states that there were two twin cities, Furj and Burk; the first was equipped with numerous thermal baths, since water was abundant there, as in the neighbouring city. He says nothing, however, of the well described by Barbaro. There are no references to this well even in the other sources we consulted, such as the Fars-Nama of IBN AL-BALKHI (pp. 128, 130, 159 and 161) and the Nuzhat-al-Qulub of MUSTAUFI, cit., p. 37. Pietro della Valle will cross Purg (so he writes) traveling from Shiraz to the Persian Gulf, but will not leave any description of it. It is very unlikely that the name is a corruption of Khärg or Kharak, because this is an island, which is what the Barbaro would almost certainly have pointed out. (Lo.)] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 146 ※ SOURCE for Forg « The town of Forg, so to call it, is surrounded by a mud wall in the form of a square, with a side of perhaps 400 yards, armed with round towers at regular intervals. It had four tall gates, and a governor's residence inside; but these are all ruined and deserted now. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 156 « and at about 3 miles off had Forg before us; an easy hour's ride took us in.The plain is nearly circular, with several date topes about. We also saw two blue-domed Imamzadehs in the distance. The village of Forg is square, walled in by mud walls, with flanking towers, a gate with flanking towers, on its east and west faces. The houses are all built of mud or else sun-dried bricks; the best of them seem to be but a broken down concern.The place is in anything but a prosperous condition. The ople, however, were very civil and obliging. Water seems very plentiful, several small but good streams running through the streets. Provisions also in abundance and cheap. Distance 14 miles. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 15 « En nous dirigeant toujours vers l'ouest , nous arrivons à Forg à deux heures après - midi . On entre dans cette ville par un pont de pierre délabré . Elle est murée en partie , et de mauvais fossés sont creusés à l'entour . [Still heading west, we arrive at Forg at two o'clock in the afternoon. You enter this town via a dilapidated stone bridge. It is partly walled, and bad ditches are dug around it.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 363 « 17 mai. Forg. Comme nous nous sommes passablement élevés, la nuit fut très-froide. Forg est un peu en meilleur état que Taroun. Je croyais y trouver quelque chose à manger, mais il fallut me contenter de dattes, quoiqu'elles me fissent mal. Les mules qu'on m'avait annoncées étaient parties depuis quelques jours: il fallut encore avoir recours aux ânes, que je payai extrêmement cher. [May 17. Forg. As we rose quite a bit, the night was very cold. Forg is in slightly better shape than Taroun. I thought I would find something to eat there, but I had to make do with dates, although they hurt me. The mules that I had been told had left a few days ago: I still had to resort to donkeys, for which I paid extremely dearly.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 597 « At 9 miles it passes through the grass huts of Kohima, and at 10 miles enters the town of Forg. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 15 ※ SOURCE for Forgh « This route passed Tarom, Forgh, Rustak, Darab, Darakan, Fasa, Sarvestan and then Shiraz, and from there onwards to Isfahan. This was the normal trade route prior the reign of Shah `Abbas I (1587-1629) . » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 252 and #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 67 ※ SOURCE for Furg « Furg is a town surrounded by a high mud wall, flanked at intervals of 75 yards by round mud towers. There is no ditch, but the defences are in a most ruinous state; a large tower in the centre of the town is used as a keep. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 218 « At 19½ miles the town of Furg is reached -vide stage 4, Route No. 2 (A). » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 495 ※ SOURCE for Porg Porg - Attestations: The mint signature PW/PWRGY has been attached to a location in Fars based on die linkages between coins with this signature and other editions produced in Fars by Bahram IV and Yazdgerd I. Mochiri has identified this mint signature with Forg (112). - Identification: Forg was a town and district in Darabgerd Khurrah. The modern town of Forg is located to the southeast of Darab. Remains of a fire temple known as Chak Chak are located to the east of Forg (113), providing confirmation of the existence of a Sasanian settlement in this area. fn. 112Mochiri, 1996: 74-5; Schindel, 2004: 167 fn. 113 Schippmann, 1971: 82-3 ※ SOURCE for Purg « Purg- Attestations: The mint signature PW/PWRGY has been attached to a location in Pars based on die linkages between coins with this signature and other editions produced in Pārs by Wahram IV and Yazdegird I. Mochiri has identified this mint signature with 97 Purg- Identification: Purg was a town and district in Darabgerd. The modern town of Forg is located to the southeast of Darab. Remains of a fire temple known as Cak-Cak are located to the east of Forg, providing confirmation of the existence of a Sasanian set- tlement in this area. » #3092 Negin Miri, Sasanian Pars: Historical Geography and Administrative Organization, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2012 ~ p. 64 ※ SOURCE for Purg or Furg « Il venerdi, al far del giorno, dopo aver fatto cinque leghe, arrivammo a posarci in una villa molto grossa, di forse duemila case, sparse tuttavia in confuso tra gli alberi de' dattili, sotto ai quali son rozzamente fabbricate, e la chiamano Purg, ovvero Furg, che così l'usano di scrivere. [On Friday, at daybreak, after having traveled five leagues, we arrived to settle in a very large villa, of perhaps two thousand houses, however scattered in confusion among the dactyl trees, under which they are rudely built, and they call it Purg , or Furg, which is how they write it.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 280 Fusk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 251272 coordinate: lat 30.411548 long 57.358616 NIMA/GNS names: Fusk , Qushk , فوسک , VARIANT names: Fusk , Gabandi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063770 coordinate: lat 27.2083 long 53.0361 NIMA/GNS names: Gabandi , Gavbandi , گاوبندی , VARIANT names: Gabandi , Gabendie , Gavbandi , Parsian , ※ SOURCE for Gabendie « Gabendie » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} ※ SOURCE for Gavbandi « In the 19th century, Kangin flourished. It was ruled by Arab shaikhs of the al-Nusür. The first member of the family to hold power at Kangān was Muhammad. He was succeeded by his son Hätim Khan and he in turn by his son Jabbirah Khän. Jabbarah's son Hasan Khân gained control of Gāvbandi, on the coast of Läristan. The road between Kangan and Gävbandi ran through the bulk of Maliki, the centre of which was Asalüych. The al-Nusür had a long-standing feud with the shaikhs of 'Asaliyeh, who belonged to the al-Haram. In 1283/1866-7 Hasan Khan was travelling from Kangān to Givbandi and stopped near ?Asalūyeh to perform his evening prayers. Here he was seized by Ibrahim, the shaikh of ?Asalūyeh, taken into the town and killed. Hasan was succeeded as ruler of Kangin and Gavbandi by his younger brother, Shaikh Madhkür. In 1284/1867-8 Madhkür assembled a force from Kangin, Galehdar and Gavbandi and, together with government troops and artillery, besieged ?Asalūyeh. The town was taken and destroyed. Shaikh Ibrahim and many of his family were killed. With the destruction of ?Asalūyeh Madhkür controlled the entire coast from Kangān to Gāvbandi -which are 120 km. apart and began to ignore instructions from the Qajar government. fn. 2 Fasai, Hajji Mirza Hasan, Tarikh-i Färsnämeh-i Nasiri, Tehran 1312-14/1894-6, Vol. II, p. 261. » #3018 Nicholas Lowick, Siraf XV: The Coins and Monumental Inscriptions, British Institute of Persian Studies, 1985 ~ p.8 ※ SOURCE for Parsian « The importance of the Gâvbandi-Parsian plain is shown not only by its traces of irrigated agricultural resources in plain » #3436 Pierfrancesco Callieri, Alireza Askari Chaverdi, Ali Eghra, Diego Maria Mezzapelle, Kourosh Mohammadkhani, The Dynamics of Human Settlement in Historical Times in South-Central Fars, from Firuzabad to the Persian Gulf: First Preliminary Results of a New Research Project, East and West, Rome, 2021 vol. 2 (61):no. 2:pp. 43-88 ~ p. 17 Gabr Abad Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.768662 long 51.489549 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gabr Abad Caravanserai , Gabri Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.470047 long 53.337532 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gabri Castle , ※ SOURCE for Gabri Castle see google maps Gac Darvazeh : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 31.435103 long 49.87758 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gac Darvazeh , ※ SOURCE for Gac Darvazeh Gac Darvazeh online reference link [accessed 07 Aug 2025] « Station Gac Darvazeh / Gach Darvazeh (Abb. 4; 26)Lage: Zwischen Meydavud und Bagh-e Malek, am Weg von Behbahan über Tashan, an Tang-e Sarvak/Tang-i Sarwak vorbei nach Izeh (Malamir).Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit Eingangsiwan. Station: drei-schiffige Anlage.Abmessungen: Karavanserail 24 x 18 m Außenmaße, 15,50 x 8,50 m Hofabmessungen. Station: 18 x 15,50 m Au-ßenmaße. Das Mittelschiff ist in 3 Gewölbeabschnitte unter-teilt.setzt. Baumaterial: Bruchsteinmauerwerk in Kalkmörtel ver-Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Beide Bauten sind stark zerstört.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Umstritten, möglicherweise spätsasanidisch bis frühislamisch. [Gach Darvazeh Station (Fig. 4; 26)Location: Between Meydavud and Bagh-e Malek, on the route from Behbahan via Tashan, past Tang-e Sarvak/Tang-i Sarwak to Izeh (Malamir).Type: Courtyard caravanserai with entrance iwan. Station: Three-aisled structure.Dimensions: Caravanserai 24 x 18 m exterior dimensions, 15.50 x 8.50 m courtyard dimensions. Station: 18 x 15.50 m exterior dimensions. The central nave is divided into three vaulted sections. Building material: Rubble masonry in lime mortar.Structural features and condition: Both buildings are heavily damaged.Inscriptions: None known.Dating: Disputed, possibly late Sasanian to early Islamic.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 22 Gachi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063177 coordinate: lat 29.4974 long 52.5608 NIMA/GNS names: Gachi , Kachi , گچی , VARIANT names: Gachi , Gachin : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3754653 coordinate: lat 27.126667 long 55.875 NIMA/GNS names: Gachin , Gachin Bala , Gachin Olya , Gachin-e `Olya , Gachin-e Bala , گَچين , گچين بالا , گَچينِ عُليا , VARIANT names: Gachin , Gachin Bala , Göſchiran , Guitchi , Kachi - Gachin , Ketchy , ※ SOURCE for Gachin « Gachin » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} ※ SOURCE for Gachin Bala « Gachin Bala » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} « At 11 miles pass a dry ravine, 20 feet deep, with steep banks. At 11 miles the two cisterns of Gachin are reached (brackish water in March 1907). One mile to the S. lies the scattered village of Gachin. N.-E. of the village and N.-E. of the caravanserai are large date groves. The rocky Gachin range is two miles distant, with kahür trees at its foot. At 12½ miles the new caravanserai is reached, close to the ruins of an older building. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 28 ※ SOURCE for Göſchiran « Durch Kormur, Koferstan, Göſchiran und andere Orth über mannigfaltigeGe bürg und sehr gesalkene Wasserlein fas men wir vor ungeheuer hohe Berge die kein Thal durchschnitte/soweit unsere Aus gen seben kunten. [Through Kormur, Koferstan, Göſchiran and other places over various mountains and very salty little streams we came across immensely high mountains which, as far as our eyes could see, were not crossed by any valley.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 269 ※ SOURCE for Guitchi « Depuis le grand pont jusques à Guitchi, c'est un des plus agréables pays de la Perse et comme un taillis continuel. Guitchi est un lieu où il y a deux carvanseras, l'un fort beau et commode, et l'autre mal situé, parce que le terroir n'étant que sable le vent y en jette en telle quantité que l'on n'y peut alors habiter. [From the great bridge to Guitchi, it is one of the most pleasant countries in Persia and like a continuous copse. Guitchi is a place where there are two carvanseras, one very beautiful and convenient, and the other poorly located, because the soil being nothing but sand the wind throws it there in such quantity that we do not can then live.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 325 ※ SOURCE for Kachi - Gachin « KACHI GACHIN (LORIMER.)-LAT. 27° 8' N.; LONG. 55° 56' E.; ELEV. 3'. A village in the Shamil district, 231 miles from Bandar 'Abbas and about 1 mile south of the road leading from that place to Lar. It consists of approximately 100 houses, of which about half are neatly built of mud and stone and the rest of date-mats, and contains some 400 inhabitants. On the road is an old dilapidated caravanserai, with a large cistern, and between this and the village lie considerable date-plantations, while to the east rises a rocky range of hills known as the Küh-i-Gachin. Water is plentiful, and camel-grazing good.-(Butcher, April 1888.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt 1 p. 474 ※ SOURCE for Ketchy « Ketchy » in {map#1255 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / dressée par P. Lapie... ; gravée par Blondeau..., , 1810, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE C-10435} « Ketchy » in {map#1253 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / Dressée par P. Lapie, ... pour les Voyages de Chardin ; Gravée par Blondeau, ..., , 1810, } Gachin-e Pa'in : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063187 coordinate: lat 27.0921 long 55.8893 NIMA/GNS names: Gachin-e Pa'in , گچين پائين , VARIANT names: Gachin-e Pa'in , Gakum : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063234 coordinate: lat 28.1791 long 55.8255 NIMA/GNS names: Gahkan , Gahkom , Gakum , Kahkom , كهكم , گهكان , گهكم , VARIANT names: Gahkan , Gahkom , Gakum , Kahkom , Karkum , ※ SOURCE for Gahkan « Gahkan: see Gahkom PPL 28°12'N 55°50'E IR11 CS81 NH40-14 » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vol. A-J p. 550 ※ SOURCE for Gahkom « Gahkom PPL 28°12'N 55°50'E IR11 CS81 NH40-14 » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vol. A-J p. 550 ※ SOURCE for Gakum ref1511p655 ※ SOURCE for Kahkom « Kahkom: see Gahkom » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vol. K-Z p. 803 ※ SOURCE for Karkum « At 10½ miles the small village of Rafiābād, is passed with the village of Karkum, about two miles to the N.-E., both with good date plantations; » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 493 Galah Chah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3375321 coordinate: lat 32.82283 long 61.029278 NIMA/GNS names: Galah Chah , گله چاه , VARIANT names: Galah Chah , ※ SOURCE for Galah Chah « After Farah, von Poser moved for two days through desert-like terrain. There were some gardens scattered here and there but, apart from other travellers, he did not see anybody. Although very uninviting, the area offered good grazing for the animals as well as water. The first day he mentioned being ata location called Galaka (Gala chah), which is an important well, located 15 miles north ofDagh Namadi, also referred to as the Naomid desert. This area is a swampy depression, through which small streams run during spring, but which is dry and covered with alkali and salt during summer. (83) fn. 83. Von Poser, Lebens- und Todes Geschichte (entry on 31 August);Adamec, Historical Gazetteer of Iran, vol. 2, pp. 58-60 (map 7B). » #3499 Floor, Willem, Arduous travelling: the Qandahar-Isfahan highway in the seventeenth century, in: eds. W. Floor and E. Herzig, Iran and the world in the Safavid Age., I. B. Tauris, London, 2012, pp. 208-235 ~ p. 221 Galehdar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063268 coordinate: lat 27.6595 long 52.6575 NIMA/GNS names: Galehdar , Galleh Dar , Gilehdar , Kaleh Dar , گله دار , VARIANT names: Galehdar , Galléhdar , Gillahdar , Gillahdur , Qalehdar , ※ SOURCE for Galléhdar « Ce Koran qui était aussi bien le nom d'une bourgade que celui du canton dont celle-ci était le chef-lieu, a disparu de la carte et on ne peut plus dire exactement où il se trouvait. Schwarz par exemple a pensé que le site actuel de Galléhdar pourrait correspondre à celui de Koran, mais il est possible qu'il se trouvait un peu plus à l'est, peut-être à Fal, puisqu'il était sur la route directe allant à Darabdjerd. [This Koran, which was both the name of a town and that of the canton of which it was the capital, has disappeared from the map and we can no longer say exactly where it was. Schwarz, for example, thought that the current site of Galléhdar could correspond to that of Koran, but it is possible that it was located a little further east, perhaps at Fal, since it was on the direct route going in Darabdjerd.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 107 ※ SOURCE for Gillahdar « NOTE.-From Gillahdar the following roads branch off:-(1) To the sea-port Tahiri, general direction W. N., distance 17 miles.(2) To the sea-port Lingah.(3) To the Arad valley, via the Gillahdar valley and the pass called Tang-i- Khur.(4) To Dadelmezan (a village of the same size as Riz), distance 32 miles. A route known as Rah-i-Malushtur. The opening in the hills, between Kuh Faaleh and Kuh Kalamdan, by which this road passes, bears slightly north of N. W. ¾ N.(5) To Dadelmezan. An alternative route via Kuh Faaleh. Bearing of the point where this road enters the hills N. N. W. ½ W. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 94 ※ SOURCE for Gillahdur « Kurān könnte in Gillahdur gesucht werden, [Kurān could be sought in Gillahdur] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 201 ※ SOURCE for Qalehdar « Qalehdar » in {map#1219 in #3109 ed. St John Simpson, Sasanian Archaeology: Settlements, Environment and Material Culture, Archaeopress Archaeology, Oxford, 2022 ~ fig. Figure 4. Satellite map of the Siraf hinterlands with the map of identified sites (after Whitcomb 2009: 78)} Galindo : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3195999 coordinate: lat 28.833333 long 57.883333 NIMA/GNS names: Galindo , Gardaneh-ye Morghak , Marghak , Marghak Pass , Mughak Pass , VARIANT names: Galindo , Sakht-dar pass , ※ SOURCE for Sakht-dar pass « From Daolat-abad we made a long march of 30 miles into the mountains, ascending at one time to a height of some 5,400 feet at the "Sakht-dar" pass, and halting only at about two miles short of the higher one of "Deh-Bakri," estimated at 7,800. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 66 gallant vawlt with water : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT independent coordinate: lat 33.717485 long 56.812434 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: gallant vawlt with water , ※ SOURCE for gallant vawlt with water « The 26. day we trauelled some 4. forsongs to a place where was a gallant vawlt with water. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 52 Galvar Pass (Barez) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.46494 long 50.441407 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Galvar Pass (Barez) , Gamasiab : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.437372 long 47.540555 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gamasiab , Gaoumazo , ※ SOURCE for Gamasiab « in google maps » ※ SOURCE for Gaoumazo « Une montagne se présente, le long de laquelle on suit une belle route, ayant à droite le Gaoumazo. Nous passons un défilé; à son débouché, nous entrons dans une autre plaine magnifique. [A mountain appears, along which we follow a beautiful road, with the Gaoumazo on the right. We pass a defile; at its outlet, we enter another magnificent plain.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol.1 p. 252 Gamber-Chesmesi ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.019808 long 46.404402 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gamber-Chesmesi ? , Gambrun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065139 coordinate: lat 26.6886 long 55.692 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Guran , Gambrun , Guran , بندر گوران , گامبرون , گوران , VARIANT names: Gambrun , Gandan-i-Narangi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.778776 long 54.381004 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gandan-i-Narangi , Gardaneh-i Narangi , Gardena-Narangi , ※ SOURCE for Gandan-i-Narangi « Once over the steep ridges that shut in the Lar valley to the north, and which are pierced only by the Gandan-i-Narangi, the road descende steeply to the Kurdah plain, and is here so blocked by overhanging rocks as to present serious difficulties to camels with bulky loads. Whatever water is not absorbed by the thirsty soil of the Kurdah plain runs in mall watercourse down the centre of the plain in a westerly direction. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 180 « A footpath runs N.-E. from the sarai over a ridge rejoining the road at 61 miles. The road now runs up a narrow ravine in places only 10 yards broad, sloping steeply to the E. bounded by hills 300 feet high on either side, to the Gardan-i-Narangi close to the summit of which is a small cistern (containing water in March 1907). » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 172 ※ SOURCE for Gardaneh-i Narangi « Die Station dürzte den letzten Rastpunkt vor dem Aufstieg zum Pass Gardaneh-i Narangi dargestellt haben, in dessen Verlauf die Felsabarbeitungen und Aufnauerungen der safavidischen Straße noch deutlich sichtbar sind. [The station may have represented the last rest point before the climb to the Gardaneh-i Narangi pass, along which the rock quarrying and resurfacing of the Safavid road are still clearly visible.] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ p. 3 ※ SOURCE for Gardena-Narangi « Gardena-Narangi » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} Gandom Kar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10867652 coordinate: lat 31.814198 long 50.566766 NIMA/GNS names: Gandom Kar , Gandom Kar-e Vosta , گندم کار , گندم کار وسطی , VARIANT names: Gandumkal , Gandom Kar , ※ SOURCE for Gandumkal « the site of an encampment of the Iliats who had left for the Garmsir. The place is called Gandumkal, or the village of wheat, and it was surrounded by stubble. The stream bad dried up, and crossing the bed and a dip beyond we ascended to a height of 7,550' by an easy climb. The road led south along the crest and there was a magnificent gorge to our right, which we finally reached by a tiring descent of 2,500' » #3563 Burn, R., The Bakhtiari Hills, an Itinerary of the road from Isfahan to Shustar, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 1897 vol. LXVI:pp 170-9 ~ p. 174 Gandom Zar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063410 coordinate: lat 27.960732 long 52.175754 NIMA/GNS names: Gandom Zar , Gandomzar , گندم زار , گندمزار , VARIANT names: Gandom Zar , Gandum Zar , ※ SOURCE for Gandum Zar « At 9 miles 2 furlongs the small hamlet of Gandum Zar close to the N.-E. side of the road, consisting of a small mud and stone fort and about 20 mat houses, surrounded by fields of wheat and barley. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ pp. 182-3 Gangan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069532 coordinate: lat 25.8626 long 57.4622 NIMA/GNS names: Gangan , Gankan , Kangan , كنگان , گنكان , گنگان , VARIANT names: Gangan , ※ SOURCE for Gangan « 11-15 passed a small riverbed with deep steep sides. At 12-45 came to another of the same description, and at 1-15 ?.?. arrived at the village of the Gangán, where we camped. It was but a bad spot, but going on in such weather was not to be thought of. Distance 20 miles. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 34 Gangin : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3109996 coordinate: lat 33.6666667 long 45.5833333 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Rayan , Ab-i- Rayan , Gangin , Giger , Kangir , Nahr Gangir , Rud-e Geygir , Rudkhana Gangir , Rudkhanah Janjir , Rudkhaneh Gangir , Rudkhaneh-i- Gangir , Rudkhaneh-ye Gangir , Rudkhaneh-ye Gangir , Rudkhaneh-ye Kangir , Sumar , VARIANT names: Gangin , Gani Morgh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3387016 coordinate: lat 32.45 long 63.3 NIMA/GNS names: Gani Morgh , Ganimurgh , Porta Ghani Murgh , Portah Ghani Morgh , VARIANT names: Gani Morgh , Ganimargh , ※ SOURCE for Ganimargh « Skirting a range of precipitous and lofty hills on the right for 3 miles road good again, twining into another mountain gorge and ascending the valley for 5 miles to a spot called Ganimargh, where villages are seen. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 332 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064819 coordinate: lat 28.285 long 57.6833333 VARIANT names: Ganjabad , ※ SOURCE for Ganjabad #1103 p114 map location of Vakilabad not found Gankhak-e Kowra : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072205 coordinate: lat 28.286729 long 51.57521 NIMA/GNS names: Gankhak-e Kowra , Gankhak-e Kura , Gonkhak-e Kowra , Kankhak-e Gura , Kathak-e Gura , Kowra , Kura , كورا , گَنخَكِ كُورا , گنخک کورا , کتحک گورا , کنخک گورا , VARIANT names: Gankhak-e Kowra , Gunkak , ※ SOURCE for Gunkak « Gunkak » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Garagheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063485 coordinate: lat 30.006079 long 60.328865 NIMA/GNS names: Garagheh , Garaqeh , Geraghu , Goragheh , Karagheh , گراغه , VARIANT names: Garagheh , Kilagh Ab , ※ SOURCE for Kilagh Ab « From Nusratrabad we marched to Kilagh Ab, 23 miles, first through rocks to the N.E., passing among them, easily and with gradual gentle rise, to the outlet and watershed about 114 miles; then traversing a plain covered with tamarisk, shrubs, and grasses, and low unconnected hills. Much granite of a bluish grey colour was observed. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 69 Garak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3754655 coordinate: lat 27.6883 long 56.2361 NIMA/GNS names: Garak , گرك , VARIANT names: Garak , Gardanah Djuhunu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.603096 long 52.419413 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gardanah Djuhunu , ※ SOURCE for Gardanah Djuhunu « Gardanah Djuhunu » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} Gardanah Gavlimash : arch. site IRN UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 28.495783 long 53.06813 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location not verified and based on map in link VARIANT names: Das Felsrelief von Qir , Gardanah Gavlimash , ※ SOURCE for Das Felsrelief von Qir « entspricht im wesentlichen der Anlage des Reliefs von Qir, wenngleich dort die Darstellung der Einzelfigur in der Aktion des Schießens ein beträchtlich höheres künstlerisches Vermögen erkennen läßt. [corresponds essentially to the layout of the relief from Qir, although there the depiction of the individual figure in the action of shooting reveals a considerably higher artistic ability.] » #3290 Huff, Dietrich, Das Felsrelief von Qir (Fars), Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, Berlin, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 221-221-247 ~ p. 231 « Abanbar (Zisterne) beim Felsrelief von Qir (Abb. 5; 217) (145)Lage: 4 km östlich des Passes zwischen den Ebenen von Firuzabad und Qir, 70 km südöstlich von Firuzabad, in etwa + 1000 m ü. N. N., am Weg von Firuzabad nach Djahrom und nach Qir und weiter nach Khondj und Lar. In der Nähe liegen Reste einer Ruine, vielleicht einer Station (146) fn. 145 D. Huff, AMI 17, 1984, 221 ff.fn. 146 Ebenda, 225, Abb. 4. [Abanbar (cistern) at the rock relief of Qir (Fig. 5; 217) (145)Location: 4 km east of the pass between the plains of Firuzabad and Qir, 70 km southeast of Firuzabad, at about + 1000 m above sea level, on the way from Firuzabad to Djahrom and to Qir and further to Khondj and Lar. Nearby are the remains of a ruin, perhaps a station (146) fn. 145 D. Huff, AMI 17, 1984, 221 ff.fn. 146 Ibid., 225, Fig. 4.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 120 ※ SOURCE for Gardanah Gavlimash « The rock relief of Qir-Karzin, locally known as "Gardanah Gavlimash" or simply "Gardanah" (the way down), is carved into a rectangular frame on the south side of a freestanding rock, some five kilometers north of the city of Qir, along to the Firuzabad-Qir road.This relief shows an archer stretching a bow, ready to shoot an arrow. This is a classical Achaemenid image, but the style and fashion of the weapons and the short dress, although clearly inspired by Achaemenid art, are unusual, and so is the fact that the archer is shown moving forward. Classical Achaemenid art is usually more static. » online reference link [accessed 16 Aug 2024] Location: Iran (Islamic Republic of), Shahrak-e Sakravān geo:28.495783,53.06813 Location ± 0-5 m. online reference link [accessed 16 Aug 2024] Gardana-i- Kharak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 6208698 coordinate: lat 32.9208333 long 62.5497222 NIMA/GNS names: Gardana-i- Kharak , Gardaneh-ye Kharak , VARIANT names: Gardana-i- Kharak , Gardaneh Balisht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3054983 coordinate: lat 28.85 long 54.6 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh Balisht , Gardaneh-ye Balesht , VARIANT names: Gardaneh Balisht , Gardaneh Gil Surkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.67738 long 52.701168 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gardaneh Gil Surkh , ※ SOURCE for Gardaneh Gil Surkh « Gardaneh Gil Surkh » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad H-39W 1948} « GARDANEH GIL-I-SURKH LAT. LONG. ELEV, 8,000, A pass in Färs, 5 miles north-east of Khani Man. The ascent from the northern side runs up alongside a dry water-course, amongst big rocks, boulders and trees, and is impassable for guns. The top is open and level, and clothed in grass and trees. The descent on the southern side is at first alongside a ravine between two hills. The sides slope steeply and the road is impassable for guns. Then, crossing a low spur, the descent continues by a steep, zigzag road with a a gradient of 15° down to the Khur valley, the total length of the descent being 21 miles. Horse flies are very troublesome on this pass. (Vaughan, 1891.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 1 p. 350 Gardaneh Lawarkhun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3195662 coordinate: lat 27.016667 long 53.866111 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh Lawarkhun , Gardaneh-ye Lovar Khun , Lavarkhun , Lawarkhun Pass , گردنۀ لور خون , لاورخون , VARIANT names: Gardaneh Lawarkhun , Lawarlhun Pass , ※ SOURCE for Lawarlhun Pass « Lawarlhun Pass » in {map#1317 GSGS 4340 SOUTHERN ASIA 1:2 000 000 SOUTH IRAN, War Office, London, 1945, } gardaneh sahalababash : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.154159 long 53.050524 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Sahel Babash Pass گردنه ساحلباباش VARIANT names: gardaneh sahalababash , gardaneh shirhabib : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.536814 long 53.285828 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: gardaneh shirhabib , Gardaneh Taleh Sorkheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 9128506 coordinate: lat 34.281569 long 45.884306 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh Taleh Sorkheh , Gardaneh-ye Taleh Sorkh , گردنه تله سرخ , VARIANT names: Gardaneh Taleh Sorkheh , gardaneh ye molaye badi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.357291 long 51.497549 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: gardaneh ye molaye badi , Gardaneh-i-Alafa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3065342 coordinate: lat 29.2 long 53.366667 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-i-Alafa , Gardaneh-ye Chenar , Gardaneh-ye Haf , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-i-Alafa , ※ SOURCE for Gardaneh-i-Alafa « From Kachu two marches carried us through the wide valley appropriately known as Miān-jangal from its extensive tree growth, and then across the Gardaneh-i-Alafa or Chinar pass to Sarvistān village. Apart from the small hamlet of Mukābari not a single inhabited place was met on the way, and only a few spots of abandoned cultivation could be sighted. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 178 Gardaneh-i-Gatchi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.790088 long 50.088818 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gardaneh-i-Gatchi , ※ SOURCE for Gardaneh-i-Gatchi « On leaving the village the path to the bridge is followed for 4 miles. Then instend of continuing to the bridge the ascent of GARDANEH-I-GATCHI is begun. This elthough not very long (the summit is 3,500 ft.) is steep end difficult. The path is paved with lerge slebs of rock and cobblestones, making it very slippery. A revine is crossed halfway up and the path then follows its bed. The country is heavily wooded. There are also patches of grassy slopes. At the summit, which is resched at mile 6, there is a narrow pass with a fairly high solitary hill on the right and a line of cliffs on the left. » #3559 Coll 28/130 ‘Persia. Tribal situation and recommended policy.’, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3546, in Qatar Digital Library, 1941-5 ~ p. 82/91 Gardaneh-i-Miyan Mulla : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.021203 long 52.347047 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gardaneh-i-Miyan Mulla , Mian Mulla P. , ※ SOURCE for Gardaneh-i-Miyan Mulla « Gardaneh-i-Miyan Mulla » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad H-39W 1948} « Gardaneh-i-Miyan Mulla » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad H-39W 1948} ※ SOURCE for Mian Mulla P. « Mian Mulla P. » in {map#1206 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, parts of Persia (Karman and Fars), Surveyor General of India, 1909, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 1909} Gardaneh-i-Sabz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3196605 coordinate: lat 29.092755 long 54.160742 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-i-Sabz , Gardaneh-ye Sabz , گردنه سبز , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-i-Sabz , ※ SOURCE for Gardaneh-i-Sabz « Gardaneh-i-Sabz » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Gardaneh-i-Salwakhi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.779984 long 52.431069 VARIANT names: Gardaneh-i-Salwakhi , ※ SOURCE for Gardaneh-i-Salwakhi « Gardaneh-i-Salwakhi » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicagfig. Firuzabad_H-39W_1948} Gardaneh-i-Siakhe : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3197064 coordinate: lat 28.833333 long 52.433333 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-i-Siakhe , Gardaneh-ye Siah , Gardaneh-ye Siakh , گردنۀ سياخ , گردنۀ سياه , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-i-Siakhe , Gardaneh-i-Urchi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 6013229 coordinate: lat 32.425278 long 51.830278 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-i-La-Shutur , Gardaneh-i-Urchi , Gardaneh-ye La Shotor , Gardaneh-ye Lashtar , Gardaneh-ye Urchi , Gardaneh-ye Urchini , گردنه لاشتر , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-i-Urchi , Gardaneh-i-Zaga : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3088777 coordinate: lat 34.528885 long 48.750526 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-i-Zaga , Gardaneh-i-Zaqa , Gardaneh-ye Zagheh , گردنه زاغه , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-i-Zaga , Gardaneh-ye Aghar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 153413 coordinate: lat 28.61 long 52.697222 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Aghar , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Aghar , Gardaneh-ye Allaho Akbar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10602667 coordinate: lat 37.274548 long 58.95027 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Allaho Akbar , گردنه الله اکبر , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Allaho Akbar , Gardaneh-ye Anjir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3197537 coordinate: lat 30.35 long 57.416667 NIMA/GNS names: Anjir Pass , Gardaneh-ye Anjir , انجير پس , گردنۀ انجير , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Anjir , Gardaneh-ye Asopas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 12228028 coordinate: lat 30.649574 long 52.42587 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Asopas , گردنه آسپاس , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Asopas , Gardaneh-ye Baba Hajji : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3759622 coordinate: lat 29.3629 long 52.6389 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Baba Hajji , گردنه بابا حاجی , VARIANT names: Baba Haji's Pass (gardaneh i Baba Haji) , Gardaneh-ye Baba Hajji , ※ SOURCE for Baba Haji's Pass (gardaneh i Baba Haji) « The Mahalu mountains were still on our left. Seven miles from Deh-i-Nau, they throw out a low spur, which divides the plain of Shiraz from that of Kavar. It is crossed by a road called Baba Haji's Pass (gardana i Baba Haji), and there is also an easier road which turns the point of the spur, and which is used by the Qawam's carriage, when he takes his drives abroad. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 77 ※ SOURCE for Gardaneh-ye Baba Hajji « The Mahalu mountains were still on our left. Seven miles from Deh-i-Nau, they throw out a low spur, which divides the plain of Shiraz from that of Kavar. It is crossed by a road called Baba Haji's Pass 4 (gardana i Baba Haji), and there is also an easier road which turns the point of the spur, and which is used by the Qawam's carriage, when he takes his drives abroad. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 77 Gardaneh-ye Bani Yakeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3055249 coordinate: lat 30.091667 long 52.745 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Bani Yakeh , Gardaneh-ye Bani Yekkeh , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Bani Yakeh , Gardaneh-ye Bazan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10437734 coordinate: lat 28.377 long 55.1563 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Bazan , گردنه بزن , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Bazan , Gardeneh Bezan-i-Forg , ※ SOURCE for Gardeneh Bezan-i-Forg « February 13th. From Rosak to Forg there are two roads, -one by a Gardeneh, which, I was told, was 4 Farsakhs, and one by a Tang, 5 Farsakhs. I was told that the latter was the easier, and was more or less level the wholeway, but that it was full of turns and twists. The shorter road appeared to me to be better suited to a telegraph line, so I went by that. Left Rosak at 8-7 A.M. For the first 5 miles the road ran through the valley, level and easy-going; the country gra- dually became very confined. At 10 o'clock, or after going 6 miles, began to ascend gradually over a very stony road, and at 10-30 came to the head of the Gardeneh, called the Gardeneh Bezan-i-Forg. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p.14 Gardaneh-ye Bazan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 15012142 coordinate: lat 27.59548 long 54.92872 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Bazan , گردنه بزن , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Bazan , ※ SOURCE for Gardaneh-ye Bazan « The road now leaves the main caravan route to Yezd vid Forg, and quits the valley via the Gardan-i-Bazan, a steep and slippery pass over slabs of inclined limestone, which cause no small difficulty to horses, though donkeys apparently negotiate it without difficulty. Limestone was here observed for the first time. Once arrived at the summit, which is only some 400 feet above the Hormuz plain, a magnificent view is commanded of the Aliabad plain, which stretches for some 15 miles westwards, and is refreshingly green after the arid wastes previously encountered. Its sole denizens are a few nomads, with numerous flocks, and the timid inhabitants of the hamlet of Aliabad, who live in constant fear of the Arabs. The Aliabad valley is in reality some 16 miles wide, but is bisected by the narrow Kuh-i-Fildani ridge, which is pierced in three places by streams flowing east to the Shor river. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ pp. 157-8 Gardaneh-ye Bezan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10334811 coordinate: lat 28.7994 long 52.2211 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Bezan , گردنه بزن , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Bezan , Kolpazanum P. , ※ SOURCE for Kolpazanum P. « Kolpazanum P. » in {map#1206 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, parts of Persia (Karman and Fars), Surveyor General of India, 1909, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 1909} Gardaneh-ye Bid Sorkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3056350 coordinate: lat 34.438747 long 47.82409 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Bid Sorkh , Gardan-i-Bidsurkh , گردنه بید سرخ , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Bid Sorkh , Tang-i-Lulan , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Lulan « This is no obstacle to traffic. At mile 7¾ a village in a dell under rocky hills is passed about 1 mile to the S. of the road. At mile 8 the top of the Tang-i-Lulan (6,760') is reached. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 157 Gardaneh-ye Chalgah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10867523 coordinate: lat 31.297394 long 50.6458 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Chalgah , گردنه چالگاه , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Chalgah , Gardaneh-ye Chashmeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3194190 coordinate: lat 27.733333 long 52.4 NIMA/GNS names: Chashmeh-i-Kal , Chashmeh-i-Kal Pass , Gardaneh-ye Chashmeh , Gardaneh-ye Cheshmeh Kal , گردنۀ چشمه , گردنۀ چشمه كل , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Chashmeh , Gardaneh-ye Chelikeh Serrak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10908225 coordinate: lat 31.834837 long 50.02693 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Chelikeh Serrak , گردنه چلیکه سراک , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Chelikeh Serrak , Gardan-i-Sarrak , ※ SOURCE for Gardan-i-Sarrak « The road leads diagonally across the Mälämir valley eastward for three miles where it rounds a spur of the Mangasht Mountains, known as the Käh-i-Ishgil and then turns south-east and ascends a practically level valley reaching the foot of the Gardan-i-Sarrak (2,900') at 6½ miles. The ascent up to the gardan is stony but gradual up a series of zigzags which are most numerous in the lower portion and entails a 40 minutes climb (G. S. 131). The road in early times has been paved up to the summit (4,050') with large cobble stones which are still firmly cemented in. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 52-53 Gardaneh-ye Chul : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3058877 coordinate: lat 33.066667 long 47.733333 NIMA/GNS names: Chul Pass , Gardaneh-ye Chul , Gardan-i-Chul , گردنۀ چول , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Chul , Gardaneh-ye Darkuyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10401751 coordinate: lat 28.8219 long 54.2213 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Darkuyeh , گردنه دارکویه , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Darkuyeh , Tang-i-Bulaghy , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Bulaghy « M. passed a small open village called Tangábád. This may be considered to be at the entrance of the defile, called Tang-i-Bulághy. From this point the hills closed in rapidly. 2-5 P.M. arrived at the village of Darakuyeh. Distance 13 miles. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 7 Gardaneh-ye Emamzadeh Esma`il : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3194516 coordinate: lat 30.3756 long 52.5813 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-i-Imamzadeh-i-Isma`il , Gardaneh-ye Emamzadeh Esma`il , Gardan-i-Imamzadeh-i-Isma`il , گردنه امامزاده اسماعيل , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Emamzadeh Esma`il , Gardaneh-ye Gaduk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3063219 coordinate: lat 35.916667 long 52.916667 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Gaduk , Gardaneh-ye Kaduk , Guduk Pass , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Gaduk , Gardaneh-ye Hasanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10105261 coordinate: lat 34.156961 long 46.647738 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Hasanabad , گردنه حسن آباد , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-i-Na'l Shikan , Gardaneh-ye Hasanabad , ※ SOURCE for Gardaneh-i-Na'l Shikan « At 7½ miles the road enters the hills and the going is rough over loose stones. At 9½ miles the summit of the Gardaneh-i-Na'l Shikan is reached, and the track runs over its level summit and descends by winding road of an easy gradient, the going being rocky and slippery in places. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 153 Gardaneh-ye Hasani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10399713 coordinate: lat 28.3054 long 53.7624 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Hasani , گردنه حسنی , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Hasani , Gardaneh-ye Kal Mian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10867481 coordinate: lat 31.468155 long 50.563034 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Kal Mian , گردنه کل میان , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Kal Mian , Gardaneh-ye Khamari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3071130 coordinate: lat 35.501574 long 59.187847 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Khamari , Gardaneh-ye Khomari , Godar-e Khomari , Gudar-i-Khumari , Khumara Pass , گردنه خماری , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Khamari , Gardaneh-ye Kuraf : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3780188 coordinate: lat 35.916204 long 52.852275 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Kuraf , گردنه كورف , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Kuraf , Gardaneh-ye Lashtar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 6013229 coordinate: lat 32.425278 long 51.830278 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-i-La-Shutur , Gardaneh-i-Urchi , Gardaneh-ye La Shotor , Gardaneh-ye Lashtar , Gardaneh-ye Urchi , Gardaneh-ye Urchini , گردنه لاشتر , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Lashtar , Gardaneh-ye Makhuldan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3195717 coordinate: lat 28.133333 long 52.15 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Makhuldan , Gudar-i-Mukhuldan , گردنۀ مخولدان , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Makhuldan , Gudar-i-Mukhuldan , ※ SOURCE for Gardaneh-ye Makhuldan « A very badstage: it may be divided at the foot of Baraftāb at 12 miles. From Riz 3 tracks lead to Pass Rūdak, one via Mukhaldun, 15 miles, not fit for mules, one via the Bangu pass to Baraftab, and a third via the Darabaz pass to Baraftab, the last-named difficult for mules. The route now described is that via Bangu and Baraftāb. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 173 ※ SOURCE for Gudar-i-Mukhuldan « Gudar-i-Mukhuldan » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 Shiraz 1936} Gardaneh-ye Manshad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3195795 coordinate: lat 31.541033 long 54.208914 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Manshad , Godar-e Masheh , Gudar-i-Masheh , گدار ماشه , گردنه منشاد , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Manshad , Gardaneh-ye Mazar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3074409 coordinate: lat 30 long 56.166667 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Mazar , Mazar Pass , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Mazar , Mazar pass , ※ SOURCE for Mazar pass « Leaving Tajabád we marched for ten miles across a plain, and thence rose into the hills, said to abound in copper, which are crossed by a pass known as Mazár at an elevation of 8200 feet. This was my first experience of the high rolling uplands of Southern Persia, which are never hot, and are inhabited by nomads for the few summer months. In this particular section we found Arabs, whose patris none of the party could understand, and, having no guide, and there being no main road to follow, we travelled more or less by the compass. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 74 Gardaneh-ye Mian Mala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 11188777 coordinate: lat 30.387613 long 53.222031 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Mian Mala , Gardaneh-ye Shahidabad , Hajjiabad , حاجی آباد , گردنه شهید آباد , گردنه ميان مالا , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Mian Mala , Gardaneh-ye Mir Khun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10342307 coordinate: lat 31.3763 long 52.1724 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Mir Khun , گردنه میر خون , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Mir Khun , Gardaneh-ye Muk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10068968 coordinate: lat 29.1555 long 52.6377 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Muk , گردنه موک , VARIANT names: Dasht-i-Muak , Gardaneh-ye Muk , ※ SOURCE for Dasht-i-Muak « Like the mountain-side sloping down to it, this dell was covered with almond, wild olive, and mastichtrees (bana). A solitary fort stood in the middle, recently built for a garrison of ten tufangchis, who cultivate a little wheat, and receive precarious pay. The Dasht-i-Muak (so this dell is called) is watered by a spring which breaks out of a cleft in the rocks a little to the left of the road by which we descended. The brook makes its escape at the farther end of the dell. Above » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 82 Gardaneh-ye Na`l Eshkaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 14952639 coordinate: lat 34.42796 long 47.801125 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Na`l Eshkaneh , گردنه نعل اشکنه , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Na`l Eshkaneh , Gardaneh-ye Padri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3196195 coordinate: lat 27.766667 long 52.3 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Padri , Gardaneh-ye Puzeh Padri , Puzeh-i-Padri Pass , گردنۀ پدری , گردنۀ پوزه پدری , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Padri , Puzeh Padri Pass , ※ SOURCE for Puzeh Padri Pass « At 14 miles reach the Püzeh Padri pass (2,000') under the bluff of that name. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 162 Gardaneh-ye Panj Suran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10105241 coordinate: lat 34.224585 long 46.533739 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Panj Suran , گردنه پنج سوران , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Panj Suran , Gardaneh-ye Rah Dozd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3196490 coordinate: lat 27.766667 long 53.033333 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Rah Dozd , Rah-i-Duzd , Rahi-i-Duzd Pass , گردنۀ راه دزد , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Rah Dozd , Gardaneh-ye Sar Gaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10342249 coordinate: lat 31.0708 long 52.4813 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Sar Gaz , گردنه سر گز , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Sar Gaz , Gardaneh-ye Soltani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10888741 coordinate: lat 31.842616 long 49.971319 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Soltani , گردنه سلطانی , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Soltani , Gardaneh-ye Takhteh Sang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LCTY UFI: 10069600 coordinate: lat 28.7691 long 53.636 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Takhteh Sang , گردنه تخته سنگ , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Takhteh Sang , Takht-i-sang pass , Takti-Sang , ※ SOURCE for Takht-i-sang pass « Takhta-sang » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} « On a reconnaissance made in the opposite direction I found that two small areas of debris, which were to be seen about 2 miles to the west of Fidishkûh village near the foot of the hill-range which the road towards Jahrûm crosses by the Takht-i-sang pass, showed only ceramic fragments, indicating occupa- tion in Muhammadan times. The ground occupied by them might have been irrigated at one time by qan?ts from the Tang-i-Khuw » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 157 ※ SOURCE for Takti-Sang « Sur ce chemin, qui passe par Takti-Sang, est un caravansérail, près duquel sont des tours où les paysans se mettent pour veiller, pendant la nuit, à leurs récoltes dans le temps de la moisson. [On this road, which passes through Takti-Sang, is a caravanserai, near which are towers where the peasants stand to watch over their crops at night during harvest time.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 456 Gardaneh-ye Talkhab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3823130 coordinate: lat 31.471142 long 50.637164 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Mil Talkhab , Gardaneh-ye Talkhab , گردنه میل تلخاب , گردنۀ تلخاب , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Talkhab , Gardaneh-ye Var Bid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10867540 coordinate: lat 31.301857 long 50.698831 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Var Bid , گردنه وار بید , VARIANT names: Gardaneh-ye Var Bid , Gardan-i-Charbut : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.51918 long 54.395193 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gardaneh Charbut , Gardan-i-Charbut , ※ SOURCE for Gardaneh Charbut « Gardaneh Charbut » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} ※ SOURCE for Gardan-i-Charbut « and at 8¼ miles leaves it, and proceeds gently upwards by a very narrow winding track, in places impassable to guns, until at 10½ miles after going up a slight ascent a patch of open ground with a cistern on it, and forming the watershed, is crossed. This is known as the Gardan-i-Charbut. From here the descent at first lies along the bed of a dry stream; » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 62 Gardan-i-Laghamgir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.715133 long 50.505553 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gardan-i-Laghamgir , ※ SOURCE for Gardan-i-Laghamgir « Gardan-i-Laghamgir » in {map#1182 1000k Maps of South Asia, Survey of India in the India and Adjacent Countries series, , fig. Sheet No 010 Persia Arabia and Turkey (1915)a} Garestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074593 coordinate: lat 33.0848 long 50.9883 NIMA/GNS names: Garestan , Mehdiabad , مهدی آباد , VARIANT names: Garestan , Garmab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRMQ UFI: 10375842 coordinate: lat 34.0691 long 52.287 NIMA/GNS names: Garmab , گرماب , VARIANT names: Garmab , Obygarm , ※ SOURCE for Obygarm « This daye we cam to Obygarm [Ab-i-garm], another of the Kinges howses, lying vpon the top of a hill in a very barren place, wher we picht, haueing traveled to leauges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 46 Garmasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063635 coordinate: lat 28.003 long 52.7333 NIMA/GNS names: Garmasht , Garmosht , Garmusht , Jarmosht , گرمشت , VARIANT names: Garmasht , Jarmasht , ※ SOURCE for Jarmasht « Then up and down undulating ground through quantities of myrtle bushes to Jarmasht, 13 miles, situated at the foot of the Gurm mountain which now interposes between the road and the Simakan plain. It is a large village with a fort high above the road, and has fine orange gårdens. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 479 Garmeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3063616 coordinate: lat 30.1276 long 53.9678 NIMA/GNS names: Garmeh , Jarmaq , Mazra`eh-ye Garmak , جرمق , گرمه , مزرعه گرمک , VARIANT names: Garmeh , Garmosht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067802 coordinate: lat 28.7346 long 53.0708 NIMA/GNS names: Char Hasht , Garmosht , Jarmasht , Jarmast , Jarmosht , Jarmosht-e Pa`in , جرمشت پائین , VARIANT names: Garmosht , Garmusht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063635 coordinate: lat 28.003 long 52.7333 NIMA/GNS names: Garmasht , Garmosht , Garmusht , Jarmosht , گرمشت , VARIANT names: Garmusht , Garostaneh Caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.842924 long 54.674256 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: coordinates taken from Google Maps VARIANT names: Garostaneh Caravanserai , Sarai Kuh-i-Champeh , Serai Koh I Champeh , Serkù , ※ SOURCE for Garostaneh Caravanserai « کاروانسرا.گارستانه »Caravanserai. Garstaneh ※ SOURCE for Sarai Kuh-i-Champeh « Sarai Kuh-i-Champeh (water from tank) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lingeh G-40 G 1941} [adjacent north south track shown as « motorable in dry weather» . PBR] « A 7¾ miles a large tree is passed, and then leaving the stream bed,the road passes over a small bit of open ground covered withwheatfields and at 8¼ miles the caravanserai and a few huts ofSerai Kūh-i-Champeh is reached. Water is obtained from a largecircular tank, thirty feet deep and forty feet in diameter. Thereare no inhabitants or supplies. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 56 ※ SOURCE for Serai Koh I Champeh « At 7¾ miles pass a large tree; then leaving the stream bed pass over a small bit of open ground covered with ploughed wheat fields, and at 8¼ miles halt at Serai Koh I Champeh. Time 3 hours 25 minutes. Road very bad, passable only to small parties of cavalry, to infantry and mountain batteries. From 4 to 4¾ miles it is at its worst, though by blasting and ramping, it might be much improved. Serai Koh I Champeh consists of a small caravanserai and one or two huts. Water is obtained from a large circular bourkah, 30 feet deep and of 40 feet diameter. There are only a few inches of water in it. Inhabitants, none. Supplies, firewood from the hill side. There is sufficient open ground to encamp 2 regiments of infantry and their transport. Camping ground between the two bourkahs. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 3 ※ SOURCE for Serkù « Mercordi 13. perocchè ſalimmo l'afpra, ed erta montagna di Ciampa ; nella cui ſommita trovammo il Karvanſera di Serkù nuovamente fabbricato. Due miglia più avanti cominciammo a fcoprire il Mare del Seno Perſiano, e Bander-Congo. Quindi per un camino precipitoſo ſcendemmo al piano, [Mercordi 13. because we climbed the steep mountain of Ciampa; in whose summit we found the Karvanſera of Serkù newly fabricated. Two miles further on we began to cover the Persian Breast Sea, and Bander-Congo. Then down a precipitous chimney we went down to the floor,] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 277 Garu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063675 coordinate: lat 26.5892 long 57.093 NIMA/GNS names: Garu , Garuk , Garuq , Gerow , Girau , Goruk , Guru , گرو , گرو , گروق , گروك , گروک , VARIANT names: Garu , Geru , Girau , Xilau , Xirau , ※ SOURCE for Geru « At 4-35 P.M. reached the village of Geru. During the march had a great deal of heavy rain.Geru is something like a mile inland among a lot of sandhills. Just on entering the village crossed a small stream. Distance 20 miles. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 31 ※ SOURCE for Girau « XIRAU, lugar de Girau, em 26° 35 lat. N. e 57° 06' long. E., no litoral persa de Biyaban, à entrada do estreito de Ormuz. [XIRAU, place of Girau, in 26° 35 lat. N. and 57° 06' long. E., on the Persian coast of Biyaban, at the entrance to the Strait of Hormuz.] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. O-X p. 286 ※ SOURCE for Xilau « XILAU, vila de - v. Xirau, lugar de. [XILAU, village of - v. Xirau, place of.] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. O-Z p. 284 ※ SOURCE for Xirau « XIRAU, lugar de Girau, em 26° 35 lat. N. e 57° 06' long. E., no litoral persa de Biyaban, à entrada do estreito de Ormuz. [XIRAU, place of Girau, in 26° 35 lat. N. and 57° 06' long. E., on the Persian coast of Biyaban, at the entrance to the Strait of Hormuz.] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. O-X p. 286 Gashk : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3194831 coordinate: lat 28.000278 long 55.710278 NIMA/GNS names: Gashk , Goshk , Gushk , Rudkhaneh-i-Gushk , Rudkhaneh-ye Gushk , رودخانۀ گوشك , گشك , گشك , گوشك , VARIANT names: Gashk , Gashun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063711 coordinate: lat 27.379091 long 54.900288 NIMA/GNS names: Gashan , Gashun , Goshun , Qoshun , گشان , گشون , VARIANT names: Gashun , Geshun , ※ SOURCE for Geshun « Geshun is a small oasis in the desert; it contains a few palm trees and a spring of brackish water. Drinking water from three bourkahs. Supplies, none. Elevation about 1,450 feet. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 10 Gatan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063716 coordinate: lat 25.9891 long 57.294 NIMA/GNS names: Bongard , Gatan , Gattan-e `Olya , Gattan-e Bala , Gattan-e Nabi , بنگرد , گتان , گتان بالا , گتان عليا , گتان نابی , VARIANT names: Gatan , ※ SOURCE for Gatan « 11-26 A.M. off again. Weather got very hot and close. Plain sandy, crossed another stream with very deep sides, about 18 yards across. This would also be a bad spot in heavy rains. Followed the plain until we arrived at Gatán at 1-5 P.M. Distance 20½ miles. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 33 Gatvand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063726 coordinate: lat 32.246744 long 48.81335 NIMA/GNS names: Gatvand , Gotvand , Gutwand , گتوند , VARIANT names: Gatvand , Gav Khaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3823563 coordinate: lat 34.672364 long 48.911963 NIMA/GNS names: Gau Khaneh , Gav Khaneh , Gavkhaneh , Moslemabad , گاوخانه , مسلم آباد , VARIANT names: Gav Khaneh , Gavkhaneh , ※ SOURCE for Gavkhaneh « At 27½ miles the road approaches a gap in the hills; under it is the village of Gav-khaneh. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 241 Gavaki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063738 coordinate: lat 28.4233 long 53.1223 NIMA/GNS names: Gavaki , Kavaki , گاوکی , VARIANT names: Gavaki , Gavan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064180 coordinate: lat 26.0845 long 57.2831 NIMA/GNS names: Gavan , Gavan Mach , Gavan Moch , Gavan-e Bala , Gevan , Gevan Mach , گوان بالا , VARIANT names: Gavan , Gawan , ※ SOURCE for Gawan « 9-5 passed the village of Gawán » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 33 Gavkhaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063809 coordinate: lat 32.257 long 52.9165 NIMA/GNS names: Batlaq-e Gav Khuni , Gav Khuni , Gavkhaneh , Kavkhuni , باطلاق گاو خونی , VARIANT names: Gavkhaneh , Gaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063859 coordinate: lat 33.928 long 51.6354 NIMA/GNS names: Gaz , Jaz , جز , گز , VARIANT names: Gaz , ※ SOURCE for Gaz « Passing the post-house of Mohamedye and Gaz, Kashan came in sight over an undulation in the sand, and we were soon threading the narrow lanes of this, one of the largest business places of Persia. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 295 Gaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063986 coordinate: lat 26.414828 long 57.190673 NIMA/GNS names: Gaz , Gaz Taheri , Gaz-e Taheri , Gaz-e Taheri , گز , گز طاهری , VARIANT names: Gaz , Gaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013393 coordinate: lat 32.804821 long 51.620874 NIMA/GNS names: Gaz , Jaz , گز , VARIANT names: Gaz , Gez , ※ SOURCE for Gaz « Gaz (Serai) » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} ※ SOURCE for Gez « The mud post-houses of Gez at twelve miles, and Amirabad at about twenty-four, were both mere centres of uninteresting wastes. Not wishing to travel all night, I decided to oc???? the rather squalid chapar khaneh at Murchakar, after a journey of something like forty miles, » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 291 Gaz river : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3063862 coordinate: lat 26.441337 long 57.056828 NIMA/GNS names: Gas , Gaz , Gaz River , Rud-e Gaz , Rudkhaneh-ye Gaz , رودخانه گز , VARIANT names: Gaz river , Guez , ※ SOURCE for Gaz river TPC H-7D edition 4-GSGS ※ SOURCE for Guez does this refer to the river or a town as there are no mdodern twons in the vicinity #974 pp. 230-1 Gazalak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194677 coordinate: lat 31.783333 long 50.366667 NIMA/GNS names: Gavzalak , Gazalak , Gazanak-e Pa'in , Gazatak , Gazivalak , Gazivlak , گاوزلك , VARIANT names: Gazalak , Gazdan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063908 coordinate: lat 27.711521 long 53.767564 NIMA/GNS names: Gazdan , Gezu , گزدان , VARIANT names: Gazdan , Gazitan : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.082984 long 50.988072 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: no other sources found for this caravanserai VARIANT names: Gazitan , ※ SOURCE for Gazitan « At 27 miles there is a caravansarai and 6 newly built houses, on left of road, called Gazistan. There is a ganāt here. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 235 Gazivaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10390871 coordinate: lat 27.990971 long 53.042564 NIMA/GNS names: Gazivaz , Gozivar , گزیور , گزیوز , VARIANT names: Gazivaz , Gaztak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194676 coordinate: lat 31.8 long 50.35 NIMA/GNS names: Gazanak-e Bala , Gazatak , Gaztak , VARIANT names: Gaztak , Gazvesh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 35.309149 long 52.647272 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: identied in google maps cheshmeh gozan چشمه گزن VARIANT names: Gaze , Gazvesh , ※ SOURCE for Gaze This daye we came to Gaze [?], (1)weh is on of the Kinges howses, wher my lord was somthing sickly, hauing traveled ouer a very high steep hill, and soe picht here in a law valley, being 6 leauges. fn. 1 Evidently Gaz, a fairly common name, but cannot be traced on odern map. Herbert gives Ghezz. NIMA/GNS feature: ADM2 independent coordinate: lat 26.5 long 63.5 VARIANT names: Gedrosia , ※ SOURCE for Gedrosia In the Alexander historians the name Gedrosia evidently covered most of Makran. It is curious that there is no name in the Old Persian lists that can be applied here. Maka, with the ethnic Machiya that most scholars relate to it, is found in the lists from Behistun onwards, and has often been taken to be Makran. But two tablets also of about the middle of Darius I’s reign (PF 679 and 680) record provisions for satraps of Makkash, which therefore cannot cover the same ground as Purush. The positioning of Maka in the lists is ambiguous, and the prevalent identification with the Mykoi of Herodotus’ 14th ‘nomos’ is conjectural. From the time of Alexan-der the Great onward Makai was a name the Greeks gave to a people in the eastern end of Arabia (roughly Oman). It is of course not impossible that Mykoi and Makai are one and that they straddled the Strait of Hormuz (Oman itself has often been subject to Islamic rulers of Fars or Kerman). #250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983, ~ p. 190 Geh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076997 coordinate: lat 26.2258 long 60.2143 NIMA/GNS names: Geh , Keh , Nik , Nikshahr , نیکشهر , VARIANT names: Geh , Gellahdhur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.128756 long 53.845938 † basis (unknown, approximate location coordinates) Supplement: Lingah to Allamurdhesht, 4 stages total given 126 miles, actual distance 166 miles. Prorata stage 28 miles to 37 and stage 42 to 55. VARIANT names: Gellahdhur , ※ SOURCE for Gellahdhur « Gellahdhur in route Lingah to Shiraz» #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 344 Genaveh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063352 coordinate: lat 29.5791 long 50.517 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar Ganaveh , Bandar-e Ganaveh , Bandar-e Genaveh , Bandar-e-Gonaveh , Ganaveh , Genaveh , Gonaveh , Kenareh , بندر گناوه , VARIANT names: Canawah , Djannaba , Djunnaba , Ganafa , Ganaveh , Ganawa , Gannaba , Genaveh , Gennaba , Giannaba , Gonara , Guenaoa , Gunawa , Gunewah , Jannaba , Jannabah , Jeannahab , ※ SOURCE for Canawah « Canawah » in {map#1060 Persia, Afghanistan, and Belouchistan., Philip, George, 1910, david Rumsey Map Collection list no: 15487.080} ※ SOURCE for Djannaba « DJANNABA, (Djannābā, Djunnāba), arabicized forms of Ganafa, a town and port in the VIIth ustan (Fars) of Persia. The name is a corruption of Gand-āb, 'stinking water', so called because of the bad quality of its water (see Ibn al-Balkhi, Färsnama, 149 and Ḥamd Allah Mustawfi, Nuzha, 130). Ganafa is situated on the coast of the Persian Gulf in Lat. 29° 35' N. and Long. 50° 31' E. In former times it was an important manufacturing centre where cloths of good quality were produced. Pearl- fishing was also carried on from there. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 p. 452a ※ SOURCE for Djunnaba « DJANNABA, (Djannābā, Djunnāba), arabicized forms of Ganafa, a town and port in the VIIth ustan (Fars) of Persia. The name is a corruption of Gand-āb, 'stinking water', so called because of the bad quality of its water (see Ibn al-Balkhi, Färsnama, 149 and Ḥamd Allah Mustawfi, Nuzha, 130). Ganafa is situated on the coast of the Persian Gulf in Lat. 29° 35' N. and Long. 50° 31' E. In former times it was an important manufacturing centre where cloths of good quality were produced. Pearl- fishing was also carried on from there. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 p. 452a ※ SOURCE for Ganafa « DJANNABA, (Djannābā, Djunnāba), arabicized forms of Ganafa, a town and port in the VIIth ustan (Fars) of Persia. The name is a corruption of Gand-āb, 'stinking water', so called because of the bad quality of its water (see Ibn al-Balkhi, Färsnama, 149 and Ḥamd Allah Mustawfi, Nuzha, 130). Ganafa is situated on the coast of the Persian Gulf in Lat. 29° 35' N. and Long. 50° 31' E. In former times it was an important manufacturing centre where cloths of good quality were produced. Pearl-fishing was also carried on from there. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 p. 452a ※ SOURCE for Ganaveh « Near Ganaveh are some extensive ruins, probably marking the site of the Jannābah of the mediaeval Arab and Persian geographers.* fn. * See Le Strange's Lands of the Fastern Caliphate. The Carmathian Abu Tahir is said to have been bom at Jannabah, which was also celebrated in the middle ages for the manufacture of linen stuffs. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 202 « 5. Quant à Taoce, on en retrouve le nom dans celui de Taûg, ou Taûag [Tawwag] selon qu’il se lit dans la version de l’Édrisi par les Maronites….et marquant sa distance d’un lieu maritime et plus éloigné, nommé Gennaba [Bandar Ganaveh], de douze parasanges, l’Édrisi y compte trente-six milles, ce qui est correspondant. Par la route que décrit l’Édrisi de Shiraz à Taûag, faisant compter quatrevingt- seize milles, il indique le même total de distance dans un autre endroit’ (d’Anville 1764: 161–162). [5. As for Taoce, we find its name in that of Taûg, or Taûag [Tawwag] as it reads in the version of the Edrisi by the Maronites….and marking its distance from a maritime place and more distant, named Gennaba [Bandar Ganaveh], of twelve parasangs, the Edrisi counts there thirty-six miles, which is corresponding. By the route described by the Edrisi from Shiraz to Taûag, counting ninety-six miles, he indicates the same total distance in another place’ (d’Anville 1764: 161–162).] » #2839 Edited by Jebrael Nokandeh and Abdolreza Dashtizadeh, The Persian Gulf, an Archaeological Perspective, National Museum of Iran, Qeshm, 2019 ~ p. 347 ※ SOURCE for Ganawa « 10. GANAWA ( [sic]), a large and flourishing town which is a resort of merchants and possesses much wealth. From it come mani- fold textiles (jama). In the sea of Ganafa (t [sic]) there is a pearl bank (ma'dan-i murvaridh). Bū Sa'id Daqqaq, who carried on propaganda (da'vat kard) and took Bahrayn, was from this place. Sulayman ibn al-Hasan al-Qarmati was the son of Ibn Ba Sa'id. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937 ~ p. 127 « Abulfeda (1274-1331) places Siraf on the coast between Jannabah (Ganáwah) » #571 Stiffe, A. W., Ancient Trading Centres of the Persian Gulf, I. Siraf, The Geographical Journal, London, 1895 (Aug.), 6:2:166-73 ~ p. 172 ※ SOURCE for Gannaba « Gannāba VI B4 Ganaveh Iran Cité de la circonscription d'Arragan I 113, 119, 128, 130, 134, 136, 137, 141, 149, 152, 289, 299, Qud 242, F 196, 210, R 97, M 93, Muq 52, 285, 422, 426, 447, 453, 457 153, Η 42, 44, 46, 49, 260, 269, 282, 283, 287, Yaq II, 122-23, LS 273-74, Schw 125, EI II 464 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 49 ※ SOURCE for Gennaba « 5. Quant à Taoce, on en retrouve le nom dans celui de Taûg, ou Taûag [Tawwag] selon qu’il se lit dans la version de l’Édrisi par les Maronites….et marquant sa distance d’un lieu maritime et plus éloigné, nommé Gennaba [Bandar Ganaveh], de douze parasanges, l’Édrisi y compte trente-six milles, ce qui est correspondant. Par la route que décrit l’Édrisi de Shiraz à Taûag, faisant compter quatrevingt- seize milles, il indique le même total de distance dans un autre endroit’ (d’Anville 1764: 161–162). [5. As for Taoce, we find its name in that of Taûg, or Taûag [Tawwag] as it reads in the version of the Edrisi by the Maronites….and marking its distance from a maritime place and more distant, named Gennaba [Bandar Ganaveh], of twelve parasangs, the Edrisi counts there thirty-six miles, which is corresponding. By the route described by the Edrisi from Shiraz to Taûag, counting ninety-six miles, he indicates the same total distance in another place’ (d’Anville 1764: 161–162).] » #2839 Edited by Jebrael Nokandeh and Abdolreza Dashtizadeh, The Persian Gulf, an Archaeological Perspective, National Museum of Iran, Qeshm, 2019 ~ p. 347 ※ SOURCE for Giannaba « Giannaba » in {map#917 The empire of the great Turke in Europe, Asia and Africa, William Berry, 1685, National Library of Israel sys. No. 990026261540205171} see AHduGP map 89 ※ SOURCE for Gonara « Jeannahab » in {map#1083 Abrianus nicomedensis.tab XV Nearchi navigatio ab Indo ad Euphratem, Karl Müller, 1882, #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882 ~} ※ SOURCE for Guenaoa «Guenaoa » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Gunawa « From this to Gunawa is 9 miles ; here the ruins of a considerable town are visible standing about a mile from the sea ; there is at present only a small Arab village on the spot, but it is supplied with numerous wells of good water. » #1334 Monteith, William, Notes on the Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, etc., Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857, 27:108-19 ~ p. 108 ※ SOURCE for Gunewah « Gunewah » in {map#1117 Chart of the Head of the Gulph of Persia, John McCluer (Dalrymple edition), 1786, British Library: 435.k.17, folio 367} ※ SOURCE for Jannaba « Jannāba [place name] 87;20, 30;15 (50;33, 29;34) [coordinates] 73r:3,83 [reference] Mod. Ganaveh (LS, p. 294), on the Gulf coast, west of Shirāz [remarks] » #1425 Kennedy, E. S.:Kennedy, M.-H., Al-Kashi’s Geographical Table, Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 1987, New Series ~ p.15 ※ SOURCE for Jannabah « This gulf has a triangular shape, at one angle el-Obollah is situated, thence the gulf extends towards the east along Faris. Of the places situated on this coast, we name Persian Daurak دورق الغرس Máherbán [arabic] (Mahrúbán), and Shíníz; from this town the embroidered Shinízee cloth has its name; for this and other sorts of clothes are manufactured there: farther the town of Jannábah, has its الثياب الجنابية whence the Janabeen clothes name; the town of Najíram belonging to » #228 El Masudi trans. Aloys Springer, El Masudi's Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems, Oriental Translation Fund, London, 1841 ~ p. 266 « The Dastakan district was also of the Sîf Muzaffar, and in the 4th (10th) century its chief town was called Saffarah. The district itself appears to have been in the neighbourhood of Jannâbah, but the exact position of the town of Saffarah is unknown(1). Fn. 1 Possibly this Dastakan district is identical with the coast of the Bani-as- Saffär, already mentioned. Ist. 34, 106, 116, 127, 141, 154- Muk. 422, 426, 427. F. N. 73, 74 a. Yak. iii. 211, 217. Mst. 172. The ruins of Siráf are described by Captain Stiffe in the J. R. G. S. 1895, p. 166. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 259 ※ SOURCE for Jeannahab « Jeannahab » in {map#1083 Abrianus nicomedensis.tab XV Nearchi navigatio ab Indo ad Euphratem, Karl Müller, 1882, #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882 ~} Gerash castle ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.667008 long 54.141178 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gerash castle ? , Gerd Shul : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 180191 coordinate: lat 28.456395 long 53.082656 NIMA/GNS names: Gerd Shul , Kord Shul , Kurd Shul , گرد شول , کرد شول , VARIANT names: Gerd Shul , Kúrshú , ※ SOURCE for Kúrshú « The 18½ mile brought us to the groves and ruined village of Kaleh Kúlú Kellahi, near which rises a remarkable-looking rock; then passing more groves we reached, at about the 20th mile, the village Kúrshú, partly in ruin, but possessing also extensive plantations, and half a mile beyond the village of Segdawan. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 168 Gereshk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3375827 coordinate: lat 31.8188889 long 64.5702778 NIMA/GNS names: Gereshk , Geresk , Girishk , Nahr-e Saraj , VARIANT names: Gereshk , Girishk , Greece , Grees , Griſta , ※ SOURCE for Girishk « 7. Girishk (1 mile 4 furlongs — 75 miles 4 furlongs). — Water from irrigation channels abundant. The river a mile distant to the southeast; ground somewhat broken by water-courses and damp spots. Forage both for camels and horses excellent and most abundant. Many small villages and much arable land, but comparatively little cultivated ground. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 331 « GIRISHK (31-48' N, 64-34' E). A town on the Helmand River in Helmand (formerly Girishk) Province. It lies on the road from Kandahar to Herat, about 78 miles from Kandahar. The town, located at a strategic position and protected by a strong citadel and high walls, was destroyed by Nadir Shah Afshar, and rebuilt by Sardar Kohan Dil. In 1839 it was captured by General Sir Robert Sale but besieged during the entire war and finally abandoned by the British. A British officer visited Girishk in 1879 and described the town as "a fort with half a dozen small villages scattered round it, and a bazaar outside the gate." He said the fort was almost useless, but the position of great strategic importance. Re-construction of the area was begun in 1937, and the Helmand project produced some growth; but in 1957 the state capital was transferred from Girishk to Lashkargah (Bost) and the town lost some of its earlier importance. » #3489 Adamec, Ludwig W, Historical dictionary of Afghanistan, Scarecrow Press, Inc., Lanham, Md, 2003 ~ pp. 126-7 ※ SOURCE for Greece « The 27th, after four c. we came to a castle called Greece, the first belonging to the king of Persia. Here we delivered to the governor the letter we had got from the Persian ambassador at Lahore, and presented him a mirror and three knives. He would take nothing for our camels, while the others had to pay five abacees for each camel. He promised to give us a safe conduct under an escort of horse to the next governor, but we saw none; neither were we sorry for the omission, for he was little better than a rebel, and all his people were thieves. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 213-4 « #3511 Franklin, Kate and Boak, E., Early modern caravan networks in Afghanistan: a view from above., in: ed. Persis B. Clarkson, Calogero M. Santoro, Caravans in Global Perspective: Contexts and Boundaries, Routledge, London, 2023,~ » #3511 Franklin, Kate and Boak, E., Early modern caravan networks in Afghanistan: a view from above., in: ed. Persis B. Clarkson, Calogero M. Santoro, Caravans in Global Perspective: Contexts and Boundaries, Routledge, London, 2023, ~ p. 16 ※ SOURCE for Grees « The 12. day we were ferried ouer the Riuer, which is called Sabbaa to a castle a course from thence, and neer to a Towne called Grees.This Riuer diuideth the confines of the great Mo|goll and the King. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 49 « Gereshkand from hence set forward toward Hispahan in Persia, and travelled five dayes till we came to Grees, the first Towne in the Countrey of Persia, passing over the River Sabaa, which divideth the Mogol and the Persian. Here we paid a custome for our Cammels.Grees is a frontier Towne, where the Persian hath a Garrison of a thousand souldiers. » #2540 Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, 1905, ~ vol. 3 p. 85 ※ SOURCE for Griſta « Den folgenden Tag blieben wir zu Grifta, Hier ist ein vornehmes Caftel/welches der König in InDien wieder zu sich gefodert/nicht allein weil es feste/und Denen ausstreiffenden Bellutſchi, Tſchagatai, und Usbe-gen die Stirne bicten/ sondern auch/weil es zweytaus send fend der kapffersten Soldaten/welche von dem Zoll de rer vorbey reisenden Caravanen unterhalten werden/zur Besatzung haben kan. [The following day we stayed at Grifta. Here is a distinguished cavalry, which the king had reclaimed from India, not only because it is strong and can withstand the roaming Belluchi, Tschagatai, and Usbegen, but also because it can garrison two thousand of the most ardent Cape soldiers, who are supported by the toll of the caravans traveling by.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 68 Gereshk Citadel : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.821988 long 64.570868 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gereshk Citadel , Gerimenj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064134 coordinate: lat 33.895973 long 58.900563 NIMA/GNS names: Geri Menj , Gerimench , Gerimenj , Germanj , Girimanj , Girimenj , Kerimonj , گری منج , گریمنج , گریمنچ , VARIANT names: Gerimenj , Girimenj , ※ SOURCE for Girimenj « The villages of Girimanj and Dasht-i-Biaz, on the sloping ground at the south-western and western extremities of the fine and extensive Nimbuluk plain, are pleasantly situated, and the last may still be considered a flourishing place, notwith-standing the common visitation. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 79 Gerran Amr 69 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 599 963 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5659 long 58.55522 VARIANT names: Gerran Amr 69 , ※ SOURCE for Gerran Amr 69 « Cairn tombs, beehive tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 56 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 26.8747222 long 48.7177778 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Gerrha , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Gerrha AT Thaj lat 26.8747222 long 48.7177778 [Potts], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Gerrha AT Al Jubayl lat 25.4 long 49.65 [Potts], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Gerrha AT Hasā oasis lat 25.3333333 long 49.6333333 [Groom], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Gerrha AT al-‘Uqayr lat 25.6430556 long 50.2144444 [Groom], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Gerrha AT Hofuf lat 25.3783333 long 49.5866667 [Mouton], ※ SOURCE for Gerrha Potts lists the possibilities for the location of Gerrha including Qatif, Hofuf, al Uqayr and Salwa then says « that Thaj and al-Jubayl are the sites of the inland town of Gerrha and its coastal port » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ pp. 85-97 and p. 90 owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Gerrha, 50.214443, 25.643057, SA, nkn, exact, 11, tmcIRa0100_051a » which places it at al Uqayr and not Jubayl « The exact location of Gerrha is still debated.(95) Recent authors seem to favour an identification with Thag, 90 kilometres inland from Gubayl. (96) It has also been argued that Gerrha is the same name as Hagar.(97) Further, it has been alleged that the HGR mentioned on some of the coins found in eastern Arabia refers to Thag, 'the only site in north-eastern Arabia which merits the South Arabian designation HGR.(98) Nothing of this is tenable. Linguistically the equation Hagar - Gerrha is difficult to accept." That (99) HGR must have the same meaning as the corresponding word in South Arabia or that it must be a word imported from there remains to be proved. From Islamic sources we are well informed about Hagar in north-eastern Arabia, which is identical with present-day Hufuf. It is most likely that the epigraphic HGR is identical with this site. In that case it cannot be identical with Gerrha since Hufuf is c. 80 kilometres from the sea, i.e. twice the distance given for Gerrha,(100) fn. 95 For the references in ancient literature, see Tkac, Gerrha; for the discussion, see Potts, Thaj 87 and idem, Gulf II 85-97. fn. 96 W. W. Müller in von Wissmann, Geschichte II 29 note 21a; Potts, Thaj, idem, Gulf II 90; Bowersock, Review of Högemann. fn. 97 W. W. Müller, loc. cit. Cf. Potts, Thaj 89. fn. 98 Potts, Thaj 88-89. fn. 99 Beeston (Observations 7 note 5) derives it from qarya 'village', which at least linguistically is a better solution. According to al-Hamdani (Sifa 137) there was a site in the area of Tamim named al-Garfa, which looks like the same name although the location is uncertain; cf. Sprenger, Geographie 135; James, Location. von Wissmann (Grundlagen 100 note 55, idem, Geschichte I 12) identifies HGR with TMLH in the list of hierodules from MaSin fn. 100 The identification is also rejected by von Wissmann, Geschichte I 12. » #1411 Retso, Jan, The Arabs in Antiquity: Their History from the Assyrians to the Umayyads (NIAS Monograph), RoutledgeCurzon, 2002 ~ Part II, 10 Alexander the Great and the Arabs, Excursus: the location and role of Gerrha. « Gerrha was rich and Strabo repeated stories about fine houses and furniture with gold and silver inlays.(8) fn. 8 Strabo 16. 4. 19, quoting the first century B.C. writer Artemidorus; see also Pliny, Nat. Hist. VI, 32. The documentary evidence and the possible site of Gerrha are discussed by Geoffrey Bibby, Looking for Dilmun (London 1970), pp. 307-28. J. Starcky, Palmyre (Paris 1952), pp. 70-6 and Georges L. Rider, Suse sous les Séleucides et les Parthes: les trouvailles monetaircs et l'histoire de la ville, in M.M.A.I. XXXVIII (Paris l961) pp. 432-3 » #1127 Whitehouse, D. and Williamson, A., Sasinian Maritime Trade, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1973 11:29-49 ~ p. 30 « Teredon seems to have been the trading post of the Gerrhaeans. This leads to the problem of the location of Gerrha, which has already been so substantially debated that it would be superfluous to go into detail over the arguments here. In effect there are now two schools of thought: first, the original view, which the writer has upheld elsewhere, that it centred on the Hasā oasis with a port not far from al-‘Uqayr (7) ; second, the view, strongly argued recently by Dr Potts and others, that the city was Thāj and the port was al-Jubayl (8) . fn. 7 Groom, 1984. fn. 8 Potts, 1984a. » #197 Groom, Nigel, Eastern Arabia in Ptolemy's map, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1986 ~ p. 68 « In my opinion Hofuf / Uqair seems to be a better candidate for Gerrha (Thaj could be identified as ancient Phigea), considering the importance and fertility of the Hofuf oasis, as well as the toponymic similarity of Uqair and other names preserved in the geography of the area (Groom 1982). Here, it is the inland site of Hofuf that remains unknown, but an occupation in antiquity is attested. We may raise the question whether, in this case, the main political centre was on the coast, with Hofuf being its agricultural hinterland. » #2928 Michel Mouton, The settlement patterns of north-eastern and south-eastern Arabia in late antiquity, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2009 vol. 20:pp.185–207 ~ p. 201 « The geographical evidence is more strongly against Tarot; Gena is never said to be an island (Tarut is separated from the mainland by a tidewater flat ), and Gerra was on the fifth bay from Charax - Tarut is on the fourth. Most damaging to the case is the fact that Ptolemy shows a "Tharro" north of Gerra. "Tharro" appears to be a Greek corruption of "Tarut." Tarot is more likely, therefore, to have been a settlement contemporary with Gerra » #2968 W. E. James, Anhang: On the Location of Gena in Nachträge - Das christliche Aksum, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 2018 ~ p. 52 Ghadamgah ancient complex : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.486293 long 53.564027 VARIANT names: Ghadamgah ancient complex , Ghadir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064202 coordinate: lat 26.878 long 53.9674 NIMA/GNS names: Ghadir , Ghadir Saberi , Ghadir-e -aberi , غدیر صابری , VARIANT names: Gadire , Ghadir , ※ SOURCE for Gadire « Gadire » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Ghaibullah Caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.301978 long 54.472031 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ghaibatullah , Ghaibullah Caravanserai , Parao C. , ※ SOURCE for Ghaibatullah « Ghaibatullah » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lingeh G-40 G 1941} ※ SOURCE for Ghaibullah Caravanserai shown in google maps as کاروانسرا غیب الله roughly translated as Ghaibullah Caravanserai ※ SOURCE for Parao C. « At the 3rd hour of night I stopped in a caravanserai called Parao, which was beautiful like the others. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 292 ghale al ali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.728765 long 54.277787 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Al Ali Castle قلعه آل علی VARIANT names: ghale al ali , Sheikh's House , ※ SOURCE for Sheikh's House « Sheikh's House » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457 fig. Charak} ghale dahara : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.020653 long 54.15259 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Dehra Castle قلعه دهرا VARIANT names: ghale dahara , ghale gabri : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.458233 long 45.858166 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Gebri Castle قلعه گبری VARIANT names: ghale gabri , ※ SOURCE for ghale gabri « Karavanserail Sarpol-e Zohab (Sar-e Pol-e Zahab) (Abb. 121 und 122) (91)Lage: Am Rande der Ortschaft in der Nähe des Bergu ges mit den Felsabarbeitungen und Felsreliefs westlich des Flusses. Das Karavanserail ist vollständig zerstört. Weitere Angaben können nicht gemacht werden.Nach dem ebenfalls zerstörten Karavanserail in Qasr-t Shirin ist das Karavanserail in Sarpol-e Zohab das zweite Bauwerk seiner Art auf iranischem Territorium im Zuge der Straße (Seidenstraße) Baghdad - Teheran. Die Bedeutung die ser Route zeigen die Reliefs und weitere Ruinen in der Um-gebung von Sarpol-e Zohab. Eine rechteckige Burganlage ("Qal'eh") im Ortsbereich von Sarpol-e Zohab, durch eine Straße durchschnitten (Abb. 122), erbrachte größere Keramikmengen. fn. 91 Die Ruinenplätze in der Gegend von Sarpol-e Zohab wurden im Marz 1973 besucht: AMIN. F. 8, 1975, 123ff. - Hier werden nur die Grund-risse nochmals erwähnt, die typologisch den Karawanenbauten nahestehen. [0000epe near Sanandaj, ceramics6. CARAVAN BUILDINGS IN THE PROVINCE OF KERMANSHAHSarpol-e Zohab (Sar-e Pol-e Zahab) Caravanserai (Figs. 121 and 122) (91)Location: On the outskirts of the village, near the mountain range with its rock carvings and reliefs west of the river. The caravanserai is completely destroyed. No further information can be provided.After the also destroyed caravanserai in Qasr-t Shirin, the caravanserai in Sarpol-e Zohab is the second structure of its kind on Iranian territory along the Baghdad-Tehran road (Silk Road). The importance of this route is demonstrated by the reliefs and other ruins in the area around Sarpol-e Zohab. A rectangular castle complex ("Qal'eh") in the area of ??Sarpol-e Zohab, bisected by a road (Fig. 122), yielded large quantities of pottery. fn. 91 The ruin sites in the area of ??Sarpol-e Zohab were visited in March 1973: Amin. F. 8, 1975, 123ff. - Here, only the ground plans are mentioned again, which are typologically close to caravan buildings.] » #3474 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1996 Band 2:Teil 1: ~ pp. 74-5 ghale gabri rekan abad, roknabad gabri castle : arch. site IRN UTM: none coordinate: lat 27.24817 long 53.441677 † basis (located in google earth or maps and no other reference) VARIANT names: ghale gabri rekan abad, roknabad gabri castle , ghale gabri shirino : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.292574 long 53.221275 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Gabri Shirino Castle قلعه گبری شیرینو VARIANT names: ghale gabri shirino , ghale gozdan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.709232 long 53.762881 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Gazdan Castle قلعه گزدان VARIANT names: ghale gozdan , ghale haj ghlamohsin mirzadeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.924346 long 56.676506 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Haj Gholam Hossein Mirzadeh Castle قلعه حاج غلامحسین میرزاده VARIANT names: ghale haj ghlamohsin mirzadeh , ghale idoyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.760832 long 53.05281 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: ghale idoyeh , ghale kazem abad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.195796 long 52.56446 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: ghale kazem abad Kazimabad Castle قلعه کاظم اباد VARIANT names: ghale kazem abad , ghale khirabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.305358 long 62.247084 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Khairabad Castle قلعه خیرآباد VARIANT names: ghale khirabad , ghale khsht, brick castle : arch. site IRN UTM: none coordinate: lat 27.243611 long 53.445846 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: ghale khsht, brick castle , ghale konpanneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.274811 long 56.631593 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Old castle قلعه کهنه VARIANT names: ghale konpanneh , ghale mahmad taghi khan kian ersi : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 31.630935 long 49.891413 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Mohammad Taqi Khan Kian's hereditary castle قلعه محمد تقی خان کیان ارثی VARIANT names: ghale mahmad taghi khan kian ersi , ※ SOURCE for ghale mahmad taghi khan kian ersi « The road emerges from this valley on to a barren, stony plain, in the centre of which is seen a barrow or tepe, crowned by the fort of Kaleh-i-Tul. This is the stronghold of a certain Mirza Aga Khan, who looks on the Ilkhani as his suzerain, though he is more or less independent of that chief. This Khan's subjects on the left bank of the Karùn are called Chahalang, and were formerly at deadly feud with the Haft-lang, or those who dwell on the right bank; but the Ilkhani has altered all this.Mirza Aga Khan is repairing his fort, which is built in two tiers, that to the north being the lower. » #3538 Captain H. E. Wells, Surveying Tours in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, vol. 5:no. 3:pp. 138-163 ~ p. 150 ghale mimon (myami) / ghale tarikhi mimon : arch. site IRN Supplement: Historical castle of Maimun Monkey Castle (Maimi) قلعه میمون (مَیمی) VARIANT names: ghale mimon (myami) / ghale tarikhi mimon , ※ SOURCE for ghale mimon (myami) / ghale tarikhi mimon «According to evidence and remains, the Larestan Monkey Castle is about 2,500 years old.This castle enjoyed economic and military prosperity until 250 years ago. Agricultural activity also took place below the castle.The height of the castle above ground is about 450 meters, which was connected to the top by stairs and hidden tunnels. » Monkey Castle - Fars online reference link [accessed 10 Mar 2025] ghale paalam : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.847026 long 47.999178 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Pa'alam Castle قلعه پاعلم VARIANT names: ghale paalam , ghale pooskan : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 29.44883 long 51.676255 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Puskan Castle قلعه پوسکان VARIANT names: chateau-fort Puskan , ghale pooskan , ※ SOURCE for chateau-fort Puskan « see also » #3419 L. Vanden Berghe, La de´couverte d'un cha^teau-fort du de´but de l'e´poque Islamique Puskan (Ira´n) : Survivance d'e´le´ments architecturaux sassanide, Iranica antiqua supple´ments, 4, ~ ※ SOURCE for ghale pooskan « Um so erstaunlicher ist es, daß im Caharqapu von Qasr-i Shirin die Trans- formierung der im Umriß quadratischen Trompenzone zu einem inneren Tambour bereits vollzogen ist, in Sarvistan jedoch noch die archaische Lösung mit geraden Seitenwänden verwendet wurde. Für ein frühes Datum sowohl von Sarvistan als auch des Cahartaq von Girre spricht auch der Umstand, daß in keinem der beiden Bauten die Verwendung von Gipsrippen als Hilfsmittel bei Bogenkonstruktionen beobachtet werden konnte, die sowohl bei islamischen Bauten in Iraq wie Okheidir und Kharane als auch bei zahlreichen Cahartaqs und dem kleinen Fort von Puskan in der Umgebung von Girre vorhanden sind (22). Es erscheint daher kaum möglich, eine endgültige Entscheidung über die Bauzeit der Anlage. fn. 22 Reuther21 p. 3; Urice²¹ Fig. 37f.; L. Vanden Berghe, La découverte d'un château- fort du début de l'époque islamique à Puskan (Gent 1990) Pl. 18b.; Huff¹º pp. 156ff. [It is all the more astonishing that in the Caharqapu of Qasr-i Shirin the transformation of the square-shaped trumpet zone into an inner drum had already been completed, while in Sarvistan the archaic solution with straight side walls was still used. The fact that in neither of the two buildings could the use of plaster ribs as an aid in arch constructions be observed, which is present in Islamic buildings in Iraq such as Okheidir and Kharane as well as in numerous Cahartaqs and the small fort of Puskan in the vicinity of Girre (22) also speaks in favor of an early date. It therefore seems hardly possible to make a final decision about the construction period of the complex. fn. 22 Reuther21 p. 3; Urice²¹ Fig. 37f.; L. Vanden Berghe, La découverte d'un château- fort du début de l'époque islamique à Puskan (Ghent 1990) Pl. 18b.; Huff¹º pp. 156ff.] » #3100 Huff, Dietrich, Beobachtungen zum Chahartaq und zur Topographie von Girre, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1995 vol. 30:pp. 71-92 ~ p. 83 ghale portaghalinpehel pedel : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.004509 long 54.968772 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: ghale portaghalinpehel pedel , Golestan , Padel Village , Pargol , ※ SOURCE for ghale portaghalinpehel pedel Portuguese fortress of Padel ? ※ SOURCE for Golestan see source « Padel Village » ※ SOURCE for Padel Village « The village is almost 400 years old. When the Portuguese attacked Bandar Abbas and won, some of them remained in this border and boom, and traces of their existence still remain, including a castle called the Portuguese Castle and abandoned houses in its corners and sides. During the period when the Portuguese lived in this village, the name of this village was Golestan, which was named because of the unique land and nature it had. And some time later, this name was changed to Pargol, and there were many flowers and green fields that existed, which was also changed to Padel due to the passage of time and the change of dialects. In the center of this village, there is a spring-fed river that is always full of water and its name is Mehran River. » Sea port Introducing the regions and cities of Hormozgan Padel Village online reference link [accessed 13 Feb 2025] ※ SOURCE for Pargol see source « Padel Village » ghale sam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.796642 long 61.426269 VARIANT names: ghale sam , ghale tarikhi ahmadi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.919536 long 56.697953 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Historical Ahmadi Castle - dating back 1200 years قلعه تاریخی احمدی - مربوط به 1200 سال پیش VARIANT names: ghale tarikhi ahmadi , ghale tarikhi badan jan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.797102 long 53.042932 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: ghale tarikhi badan jan , ghale tarikhi bishapor : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 29.773488 long 51.567197 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: ghale tarikhi bishapor , ※ SOURCE for ghale tarikhi bishapor « Historical Bishapur Castle » ghale tarikhi ela : arch. site IRN (fort) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 31.329963 long 50.103757 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Castle of Ala قلعه تاریخی اعلا VARIANT names: ghale tarikhi ela , Kala Ala , ※ SOURCE for Kala Ala « We passed through the ruins of Manjanik which I had already visited, and crossing a steep and rugged range of hills by a very stony track. obtained from the summit a fine view of the well-cultivated plain of Monjenou, bounded by the lofty mountain of Mungasht, now covered with snow. The high hills to the south of this plain were considered the boundary of the Bakhtiyari country. They are inhabited by the Bahmei, a branch of the great tribe of Kuhghelu, one of the most savage and lawless in Luristan. Their chief was at his castle of Kala Ala, at some distance from our road, and near the source of a stream bearing the same name (Ab-Ala), which joins the Jerrahi, a river falling into the Persian Gulf. The plain through which we passed had been of late so much exposed to their depredations, that many villages in it had been abandoned by their in-habitants. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 pp. 460-1 ghale tarikhi farkh abad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.844833 long 51.934494 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Farrokhabad Historical Castle قلعه تاریخی فرخ آباد VARIANT names: ghale tarikhi farkh abad , ghale tarikhi jarmasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.740195 long 53.066577 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: ghale tarikhi jarmasht , ※ SOURCE for ghale tarikhi jarmasht « Then up and down undulating ground through quantities of myrtle bushes to Jarmasht, 13 miles, situated at the foot of the Gurm mountain which now interposes between the road and the Simakan plain. It is a large village with a fort high above the road, and has fine orange gårdens. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 479 ghale tarikhi moteodab fardosiyah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.957207 long 58.769346 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Castle of Mahdab, Ferdowsieh قلعه تاریخی مهداب فردوسیه VARIANT names: ghale tarikhi moteodab fardosiyah , ghale tarikhi sheykh nosuri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.666474 long 52.343315 Supplement: Sheikh Nasuri Castle قلعه تاریخی شیخ نصوری VARIANT names: ghale tarikhi sheykh nosuri , ghale yazdgard som sasani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.53849 long 45.967424 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: ghale yazdgard som sasani , ※ SOURCE for ghale yazdgard som sasani Yazdgerd III Sassanid Castle Ghalilah : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -782935 coordinate: lat 25.9975 long 56.074444 NIMA/GNS names: Ghalilah , VARIANT names: Ghalilah , ※ SOURCE for Ghalilah « At Ghalilah, an elderly Shihuh commented, In the past, Ghalilah was bounded by walls from the mountain spurs to the sea on the south and the north, from where the old sanam was. People brought their possessions inside the walls when there were attacks. These attackers were from outside, they were outside authorities, Qawasim, Turks, Portuguese, and before the Portuguese, the authority [Hormuzi] at Dhaba’ at Shimal. » #2813 William Lancaster, Fidelity Lancaster, Honour is in Contentment Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighbouring Regions, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 2011 ~ p. 484 « They also form the population of the three northernmost places in the Sharjah Piincipality, viz., Sha’am, Ghalilah and Khor Khuwair, and of the village of Hail in Sir ; they are found, too, at Saham Town in Batinah. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1805 Gharam : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786971 coordinate: lat 26.33287 long 56.36728 NIMA/GNS names: Gharam , Ghurm , غرم , VARIANT names: Gharam , Gharam 3 : arch. site OMN UTM: DE365123 converted to coordinate: lat 26.329219159407 long 56.3637167737707 VARIANT names: Gharam 3 , ※ SOURCE for Gharam 3 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 34 Ghararah Karez : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CNLSB UFI: 6293312 coordinate: lat 32.199863 long 63.164349 NIMA/GNS names: Gharara Karez , Ghararah Karez , Ghararah Kariz-e , Kyariz Kharaka , غراره کار?ز , VARIANT names: Ghararah Karez , Ghar-e Tadavan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CAVE UFI: 10391591 coordinate: lat 28.8458 long 53.3315 NIMA/GNS names: Ghar-e Tadavan , غار تادوان , VARIANT names: Ghar-e Tadavan , Khaneh-i-gabri , Tadwan Cave , ※ SOURCE for Khaneh-i-gabri « of the river opposite to Tāduvan after a long march across wide stony plateaux at the foot of the Safidār range. My attention had been drawn to Tāduvān by a notice of Chardin, who, on his way from Shirāz (1673), mentions in its vicir 134 a ruined structure ascribed to pre-Islamic times. A day's halt on December 23rd near that picturesquely situated village allowed me to inspect a series of curious cave- like recesses transformed into places of safety and known as Khaneh-i-gabri. They are found under the high wall-like cliffs of limestone lining the narrow gorge of the Tang-i-Tāduvān, in which the Kara-aghach river has cut its way south from the open valley of Khafr. There, at a distance of about 1 miles above the village and about 300 ft. above the bottom of the gorge, extends for about 150 yards a high layer of limestone with a vertical face, overhanging, eaves-like, a line of natural caves which have been converted into a succession of originally vaulted chambers by walls of rough cemented masonry. As the cliff below the narrow ledge connecting the eaves falls off perpendicularly, access to these semi-troglodyte chambers can be gained only from their southern end. Here a massively built semi-circular wall, which can be climbed, but only with difficulty, guards a portion of the rock-face » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 134 ※ SOURCE for Tadwan Cave غار تادوان Ghasiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064270 coordinate: lat 28.865088 long 53.764028 NIMA/GNS names: Ghasiabad , Ghiasabad , Ghiasabad , Ghiyasi , Qeyasabad , Qiasabad , Qiasabad , غیاث آباد , VARIANT names: Ghasiabad , Ghiyasabad , ※ SOURCE for Ghiyasabad « Shortly after leaving this village, the road took a south-easterly direction, and the dry bed of a stream was crossed. Still keeping to the plain, and through heavily cultivated ground, passed by the village of Ghiyásábád, the road here getting somewhat more to the south. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 6 Gheyug : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064276 coordinate: lat 33.098465 long 59.287125 NIMA/GNS names: Gheyb , Gheyug , Gheyuk , Ghibk , غیوگ , غیوک , VARIANT names: Gheyug , Ghiuk , ※ SOURCE for Ghiuk « The intervening stages were Ghiuk, Seh-Deh, and Rum. I I mention them especially, because I know of no European traveller who has heretofore visited one or the other, and they are not in any map that I have seen. The first is the most picturesque and has the essential character of mountain scenery. It is situated at the eastern extremity of a basin rather than valley of highland, over which peer the crests of majestic mountains in the tracts north of Birjand, where the titude, unless our barometers greatly misled us, is not far from 8000 feet above the level of the sea. The village, crowned by a dilapidated fort of stones and mud, consists of some hundred houses; but for these the occupants are said to be 120 only, about 150 having died or deserted during the recent famine. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 77 Ghiasi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064275 coordinate: lat 28.72 long 54.2874 NIMA/GNS names: Ghiasi , Ghiyasi , Kiyasi , Qiasi , غیاثی , VARIANT names: Ghiasi , Kiassi , ※ SOURCE for Kiassi « 320 to village Kiassi » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 161 Ghielu ghiende : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.006049 long 54.229587 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ghielu ghiende , ※ SOURCE for Ghielu ghiende « Al tramontar del sole ci rimettemmo in cammino, e passata mezzanotte di poco al mio parere, fatte poco più di due leghe, ci fermammo a riposare in un vallone stretto fra certi monticelli, dove pur si trova una cisterna di acqua, e il luogo si chiama Ghielu ghiendè, cioè Foce puzzolente. Il sabbato col sole ancor alto partimmo di là, e seguitammo la notte a camminare. [At sunset we set off again, and shortly after midnight in my opinion, after having traveled a little more than two leagues, we stopped to rest in a narrow valley between certain mounds, where there is also a water cistern, and the place is he calls Ghielu ghiendè, that is, stinky Foce. On Saturday, with the sun still high, we left there and continued walking through the night.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ pt. 2 p. 354 Ghiz Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.254429 long 51.730799 VARIANT names: Ghiz Castle , Qiz Qala , ※ SOURCE for Ghiz Castle « Ghiz Castle is located 200 m to the east and northeast of the road leading from Tol-e Saman to Hossein Abad in the Kali Kuheh site. The current elevation of the structure from the surrounding plain is about 7 m. The dimensions of the structure are 12.60 x 11.60 with 120-cm-thick walls. Around the structure, a ditch has been dug 50 m in length, 6 m in width, and 3 m in depth (Fig. 6). Figure 6. The remains of Ghiz Castle with enclosing ditch in the west of Kali Kuheh site, Tol-e Saman, Sar Mashhad. » #3084 Parsa Ghasemi, Preliminary Report on the Identification of Ghandejan / Dasht-e Barin City Center on Sar Mashhad Plain, North of the Persian Gulfگزارش مقدماتی از شناسایی موقعیت شهر باستانی غندجان/ دشت بارین در دشت سر مشهد ، شمال دریای پارس, Journal of Iranian Archaeology, 2013 no. 3:65-71 ~ pp. 68-9 ※ SOURCE for Qiz Qala « Qiz Qala is a square-shaped building made of stone, which is located in the northwest of the ancient site, and a moat has been dug around it, and the remains of towers can be seen in the four corners of this building. The existence of fences around the city suggests the theory that this area is protected by numerous castles, whose traces are still left in the surrounding mountains. The presence of Qiz Qala, which is located inside the area and in its northwest corner, strengthens this claim. Qiz Qala, which is made of stone and plaster and on a natural surface, has the remains of four towers in its four corners. Even in the mentioned building, it is surrounded by a moat, which shows the importance of its use. In addition to these things, it can be said that pottery occupies the largest share of works. This area is divided into two parts, north and south. In the southeast corner, there is a square building made of stone and plaster. This building includes a central courtyard and a set of architectural spaces around it » #3124 Hassan Karimian and Afshin Aryanpur, Sassanid-Islamic City of Ghandijan: Spatial Organization, Form and Function, Journal of Iranian Studies, Tehran, ~ p. 239 Ghoortan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080520 coordinate: lat 32.4515 long 52.5592 NIMA/GNS names: Ghoortan , Qurtan , Qurtun , Urun , قورتان , VARIANT names: Ghoortan , Ghoozivand Bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.414057 long 47.464215 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Ghoozivand Bridge پل قوزیوند VARIANT names: Ghoozivand Bridge , masonry bridge , Ghubb Ali : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787016 coordinate: lat 26.25206 long 56.37425 NIMA/GNS names: Ghabi , Ghub `Ali , Ghubb `Ali , غب علي , VARIANT names: Cobalje , Ghubb Ali , ※ SOURCE for Cobalje From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « On the Eastern side one finds the river Clobije (9) , where in former times the Portuguese used to put their frigates. From the river Ciebie to the creek of Cabaljel (10) the course is N. E. and then in northern direction for 2 miles and the depth is 25, 26, 27 to 30 fathoms over murky ground. Cobalje is a place situated in a valley in the mountains. There are 5 to 6 cabins in which fishermen live. From the refuge of Cabalje till one ist East off Puncto Mogoleef (11) (on its corner a crag is situated) the course is N. N. E. for 3¼ miles and from there till the beforementioned point the course is East for one mile.fn. 9 Copyist's error, the Sibi river is meant here. fn. 10 Cabalje or Cobalje is the Colville Cove, or the Khor Groob Ali or in Arabic the Ghubb 'Ali. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 300 Ghubb Ali 6 : arch. site OMN UTM: DE374033 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2479982982689 long 56.3731714851552 VARIANT names: Ghubb Ali 6 , ※ SOURCE for Ghubb Ali 6 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 35 Ghubbah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 153417 coordinate: lat 26.19516 long 56.43474 NIMA/GNS names: Khabbah , خبة , VARIANT names: Ghubbah , Ghubbat Aqaba : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -786208 coordinate: lat 25.916667 long 56.416667 NIMA/GNS names: Ghubbat `Aqaba , Ghubbat `Aqabah , Ghubbat al `Aqabah , Ghubbat al `Aqbah , Kubbat Akabah , غبة العقبة , VARIANT names: Bay of Lima Khodima , Ghubbat Aqaba , ※ SOURCE for Bay of Lima Khodima « Ras Summootee is the north point forming the Bay of Lima Khodima. It is in lat. 25° 54' 37" N., long. 56° 30' 36" E.; soundings near it twenty-seven to twenty-three fathoms. Within this, at the bottom of the bay, is Lima Khodima, at which place there is a little flat land, and a few date trees. The contrast from all the high and black rock before you come to it, and after leaving it, makes it appear a little Paradise in this rocky wilderness. In the bay are soundings twenty to eight fathoms, and rather better ground than in the other places. The bay is two and a, quarter miles deep, and about a mite to a mile and a half wide. Above this is a high, remarkable, peaked hill, usually called Lima Peak. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 521 Ghubbat Dabshun 14a : arch. site OMN UTM: DD397974 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1948254 long 56.3964758 VARIANT names: Ghubbat Dabshun 14a , ※ SOURCE for Ghubbat Dabshun 14a #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 37 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 21 long 58.9 VARIANT names: enceada di S.º p.º , Enfeada.de.S.Petro , Ghubbat Hanabil , Hannatil Bay , Kobat Ahanatil , St. Peters B , ※ SOURCE for enceada di S.º p.º This is a POSSIBLE LOCATION for « enceada di S.º p.º » which is based on Tibbetts assocation with « Gh. Khanätil » and that of his location of it in {map#894 A Chart of the Arabian Sea, Tibbetts, G. R., 1971, Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean before the coming of the Portuguese}. The location used here has not been associated with any modern equivalent place name but as a symbolic marker of the bay. « en. de s. Petro [Portuguese name] Gh. Khanätil [Arab name] » Tibbets does not list a modern equivalent in his list in #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 « enceada di S.º p.º » in {map#650 Carte de l'Océan Indien, des cotes de l'Afrique et de l'Asie depuis le cap de Bonne-Espérance jusqu'au Japon, João Teixeira Albernaz, c. 16.., Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE SH 18 PF 213 DIV 3 P 2/2} ※ SOURCE for Enfeada.de.S.Petro {map#837 Deliniantur in hac tabula, Orae maritimae Abexiae, freti Mecani: al. Maris Rubri: Arabiae Freti Mecani: al Maris Rubri: Arabiae, Ormi, Persiae, Supra Sindam usque . . ., Jan Huygen Van Linschoten, 1596, Barry Lawrence Ruderman tock# 81979} ※ SOURCE for Ghubbat Hanabil « Beyond this both of Sulaiman's texts have al-Hilmatain which according to Qutami is at the southern end of Masira ('Umda 91°, Minhaj 94°) and which is followed by Hilf Masira (9½° and 10¼° P.S.) … the northern cape of Masira island. From Khuriya Muriya the route was NE to Masira or from the former to Madraka NE by E and from here to Masira NE by N from Masira to al- Hadd was NNE. North of Masira the texts agree except for the actual figures with Ghubbat Ḥanabil at 9¾° and 10¼°, Khanátil in Qutami); » #370 Tibbetts, G. R., Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean before the coming of the Portuguese, The Royal Asiatic Society, Luzac and Co., London, 1971 ~ p. 444 ※ SOURCE for Hannatil Bay « An Arabic cosmographical table in the possession of tbe pilot mentions Kobat Ahanatil or Hannatil Bay in 21°, or about ten lenguas due N orth of Massera; but the coast is aid to be so shallow tbat even tbe smallest craft do not coast it hereabout. » #2710 Capt. W. F. W. Owen, The Coast of Arabla Felix, — from the Journal of Capt. W. F. W. Owen, of H.M.S. "Leven.", in: , The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle, Simpkin, Marshall and Co., , no. 26 1857, pp. 180-191 ~ p.188 ※ SOURCE for Kobat Ahanatil « An Arabic cosmographical table in the possession of tbe pilot mentions Kobat Ahanatil or Hannatil Bay in 21°, or about ten lenguas due N orth of Massera; but the coast is aid to be so shallow tbat even tbe smallest craft do not coast it hereabout. » #2710 Capt. W. F. W. Owen, The Coast of Arabla Felix, — from the Journal of Capt. W. F. W. Owen, of H.M.S. "Leven.", in: , The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle, Simpkin, Marshall and Co., , no. 26 1857, pp. 180-191 ~ p.188 ※ SOURCE for St. Peters B « St. Peters B » indicated in W shaped bay north west of Masirah island in {map#848 A Chart of the coast of Arabia, the Red Sea, and Persian Gulf, , 1740 } Ghubbat Hashish : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -787226 coordinate: lat 20.513714 long 58.159134 NIMA/GNS names: Ghubbat al Hasni , Ghubbat Hashish , Ghubbat Hashish , غبة حشيش , VARIANT names: Enceada das baixas , Ghubbat Hashish , ※ SOURCE for Enceada das baixas enseada das baixas = lowland cove in {map#837 Deliniantur in hac tabula, Orae maritimae Abexiae, freti Mecani: al. Maris Rubri: Arabiae Freti Mecani: al Maris Rubri: Arabiae, Ormi, Persiae, Supra Sindam usque . . ., Jan Huygen Van Linschoten, 1596, Barry Lawrence Ruderman tock# 81979} « Enfeada das ba?xas » written across a river. « Enceada das baixas » south of « j’ dama ceira » in {map#650 Carte de l'Océan Indien, des cotes de l'Afrique et de l'Asie depuis le cap de Bonne-Espérance jusqu'au Japon, João Teixeira Albernaz, 16.., Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE SH 18 PF 213 DIV 3 P 2/2} « en dos baixos [Portuguese name] Ghubbat al-Hashish? [Arab name] » but no Modem equivalent in #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Ghubbat Hashish « To the south of the island is the Gulf of Maseera, which is known to the Arabs of Oman as Bahr al-Hadri, or the “ Lower Sea.” At the top of this is Ghubbet Hashish, or " Grass Bay,” a small shallow bay with three islets, Mahot, Rig, and Abuna. The bay derives its name from the long coarse grass, which grows abundantly in the vicinity. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p. 488-9 Ghubbat Quwayrat : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -788459 coordinate: lat 19.716667 long 57.716667 NIMA/GNS names: Ghubbat Quwairat , Ghubbat Quwayrat , Ghubbet Kuwaeirat , Ghubbet Kuweirat , VARIANT names: Bo:ca del Fiume , Ensenada dos Baxas , Ghubbat Quwayrat , Ghubbet Kuerat , ※ SOURCE for Bo:ca del Fiume « Bo:ca del Fiume » in (map [858] Dell´Arcano del Mare, Dudley, Robert, 1646, ) italian for "mouth of the river". Located in « Masiera » bay though « C: dell Idole » is some 95 kms north of Ra's al Madraka and the « S. Maceira » is located west of Masirah island ※ SOURCE for Ensenada dos Baxas « (Ensenada dos Baxas) » in (map [850] 6. Arabia und das Nil-Land, Berghaus, Heinrich, 1835, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 15177.003) literally in spanish means creek or small inlet, two, low. Proposed Ghubbat Quwayrat [PBR] ※ SOURCE for Ghubbet Kuerat in (map [855] Africa, Sheet VI from the Juba Islands to Maskat with the Entrance to the Red Sea [1r] (1/2), Captain William Fitzwilliam Owen, 1877, British Library IOR/X/3828/598) Ghumdha : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786964 coordinate: lat 26.112123 long 56.126654 NIMA/GNS names: Ghamda' , Ghamda' , Ghamdah , Ghamtha , Ghumda , Ghumdha , Ghumla , غمضاء , VARIANT names: Ghrumdah , Ghumdha , Rumdtha , ※ SOURCE for Ghrumdah Survey, design, consultants of water supply schemes for Tayibat, Ghrumdah, Fudhra, Bukha, Al Jadi, Al Jirri, Qidah, Kumzar, Habalayn, Shabus, Shairsah, Limah, Bayah #171 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Musandam Water Supply Schemes, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1975 ~ ※ SOURCE for Rumdtha Map created in 1832. It was written in English and Arabic.#2587 Original surveys by Lieutenants John Michael Guy, George Barnes Brucks, Robert Cogan, William Eales Rogers and Stafford Bettesworth Haines, 1821-29, 'Chart of The Gulf of Persia.' IOR/X/3635/35/1-2, James Horsburgh, Hydrographer to the Honourable East India Company, 1832 ~ Ghundijan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.247326 long 51.743122 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ghandejan , Ghundijan , Ghundzjan , Gondekan/Gundijan , Kandigan , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Ghundijan AT Tang-e-Ram lat 29.171462 long 51.824908 [Le Stange], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Ghundijan AT Hoseynabad lat 29.171462 long 51.824908 [Whitcomb], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Ghandejan AT Kali Kuheh lat 29.25643 long 51.733244 [Ghasemi], ※ SOURCE for Ghandejan « In the search for Ghandejan or Dasht-e Barin from the 2004 onwards, the author systematically surveyed the area bounded by western Firouzabad, southern and southwestern Bishapur, and eastern Tavaj or Touz (Borazjan) as described by Ibn Balkhi, Ibn Faghih, and Ibn Khordadbeh. This resulted in the discovery of numerous small to large urban and rural settlements dating from the Sassanid to Early Islamic era. During the surveys, the author found the center of Ghandejan or Dasht- e Barin city at the margin of the Tol-e Saman village, today known with the general name of “Kali Kuheh” meaning “ruins” in the local dialect. The site is located at the southwest of Kazerun at 800 a.s.l, situated at the southeast of the Tol-e Saman village of Sar Mashhad area and in its near vicinity (Figs. 2-4). » #3084 Parsa Ghasemi, Preliminary Report on the Identification of Ghandejan / Dasht-e Barin City Center on Sar Mashhad Plain, North of the Persian Gulfگزارش مقدماتی از شناسایی موقعیت شهر باستانی غندجان/ دشت بارین در دشت سر مشهد ، شمال دریای پارس, Journal of Iranian Archaeology, 2013 no. 3:65-71 ~ p. 66 « According to archaeological evidence and the Early Islamic historical and geographical records, Dasht-e Barin or Ghandejan is the name for an ancient city situated between Bishapour, Firouzabad (Ardashir Khurreh), and Tavaj or Tuz (Borazjan). The oldest name for this city is Dasht-e Barin that is also the name for Sar Mashhad plain. Mehr Narseh was born at Abravan in Sar Mashhad plain, and Abravan village should be one of the archaeological sites of Sar Mashhad plain. According to Early Islamic historical and geographical documents, the city of Ghandejan was well-known for his famous scholars and virtuous people like Al-Aswad Ghandejani, the production of cotton textiles, kilim rug and Jajim weaving and cushion making, and its location in-between Shiraz to Seif (seashore) as a resting point for travelers. Ibn Khordadbeh is the first person who mentioned this city in 230 A.H. and Ibn Faghih and Ibn Khordadbeh report on the placement of the city at the western border of Ardashir Khorreh, between Jereh and Tavaj (Borazjan). » #3084 Parsa Ghasemi, Preliminary Report on the Identification of Ghandejan / Dasht-e Barin City Center on Sar Mashhad Plain, North of the Persian Gulfگزارش مقدماتی از شناسایی موقعیت شهر باستانی غندجان/ دشت بارین در دشت سر مشهد ، شمال دریای پارس, Journal of Iranian Archaeology, 2013 no. 3:65-71 ~ p. 69 ※ SOURCE for Ghundijan [coordinates placed adjacent to the Kali Kuheh location. PBR] « The important town of Ghundijân, in the district of Dasht Barin, was of this neighbourhood. The position of Ghundîjân, of which apparently no ruins now exist, is given in the Fårs Namah as standing four leagues from Jirrah and 12 from Tawwaj; and the author speaks of the Jirrah river as flowing by 'a part of Ghundijân.' In the 4th (roth) century the town is said to have equalled Isṭakhr (Persepolis) or Jannâbah in size; carpets and veils were made here, and the district was counted as of the hot region. Mukaddasi describes a stream among the Ghundijän hills as producing a poisonous hot vapour, so that none could approach it, and birds flying over the stream fell down suffocated; but there were also hot mineral springs here that healed the sick. The population of Ghundijân, according to Mustawfi, consisted mostly of shoemakers and weavers, and in his day the name Ghundijân had taken the place of Dasht Bârin in the common speech for the district. In the neighbourhood was a strong castle, called Kal'ah Ram Zavân (or Dam Darân, with many other variants), where great cisterns had been dug for storing water.(1) fn. 1 Mukaddasi and Yakut with many of the older authorities state that Dasht Bârîn was the name of the town, Ghundijän being that of the district. Originally, however, this can hardly have been the case, since the name Dasht Bârîn, meaning the Plain of Barin, is not applicable to a town. The name of a district or province in the East is very frequently taken over by the chief town, and following this rule when Ghundiján fell out of use, the name Dasht Bârîn may have taken its place, being used then for town or district indifferently, as Mustawfi remarks later, but contrariwise of the name Ghundiján. Ist. 106, 128, 130, 152, 153- Muk. 422, 423, 432, 435, 445, 448. F. N. 73 a, 76 a, 79 6, 82 b, 86 a. Mst. 171. 177, 179. 218. Yak. i. 199, 890; ii. 576; iii. 5, 820. Tawwaj is often included in the Shapûr Khurrah district by the earlier geographers. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 260 [LeStrange placed « Ghundijan » at about lat 29.200558° long 51.530127° some 4.8 kms north of Tang-e-Ram in {map#1138 , Le Strange, , #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905 ~} Map 6 Provinces of Fars and Kirman, about 20 kms WSW from established location. PBR] « On the western edge of this zone of the garmesir within Ardashir Kurah was the large town of Chundijan, in the region of Dasht Barin. Muqaddasi describes Ghundijan as "a town without fields, without gardens, without a river, and without ornamentation" (432, 2). Rather it owed its continuing existence to its manufactures of textiles (carpets and veils), which art it shared with Tawwaj (Ist. 153, 18). Various geographers group this town with Shapur Kurah as a dependency of Jerrah; this confusion reflects perhaps a connective function between Tawwaj and Shiraz by an alternate route to the more important Kazerun road and the road between Shiraz and the port of Najiram. The location of the ruins of Ghundijan (said to have been as large as Istakhr) were first noted by Henning and were confirmed during survey in 1973 (Whitcomb, n.d.). » #3094 Donald Whitcomb, Trade and Tradition In Medieval Southern Iran - Thesis, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 1979 ~ p. 64 Whitcomb placed « Ghundijan » at about lat 29.171462° long 51.824908° some 2.5 kms east of Hoseynabad in {map#1177 Fig. 13. Map of Shapur kurah and Arrajan kurah., , , #3094 Donald Whitcomb, Trade and Tradition In Medieval Southern Iran - Thesis, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 1979 ~} « ... Ghundijan produced carpets, curtains, cushions, ... » #3083 R. H. Tawney, Studies in Economic History: The Collected Papers of George Unwin, Taylor and Francis, 1927 ~ p. 255 « The Shapur river, up in the mountains, was joined on its left bank by the Ab-i-Jirrah, which, flowing down from the Maṣaram and Ghundijan districts, passes the city of Jirrah [31], which is some miles south-east of Kazirun. » #2866 Guy Le Strange, Mesopotamia and Persia under the Mongols in the Fourteenth Century A.D. from the Nuzhat-al-Kulub of Hamd-Allah Mustawfi, Royal Asiatic Society, 1903, ~ p. 69 « He is said to have come from a town (qaryah) called Abruwan(267) in the rural district of Dasht-i Bārin(268) in the province of Ardashir Khurrah. He had lofty buildings erected there and at Jirih, in the province of Sabur, because of the contiguity of that and Dasht-i Barin, fn. 267. The text has 'b.r.wan, but the form of this name is uncertain. It may possibly be the Artuwan of al-Maqdisi, Ahsan al-taqasim, 258, in the list of the towns and districts of Säsänid Persia attributed to Qubadh (I), son of Fayrüz, or the Arduwal/Arduwan of Yaqut, Buldan, I, 149, as a small town of southwestern Persia. fn. 268. The "plain of Barin" was a district of southwestern Färs whose urban center was in Islamic times Ghundijän. See Nöldeke, trans. III n. 4; Le Strange, Lands, 260, 268, 294; Schwarz, Iran, 68-70. » #3081 trans: C. E. Bosworth, The History of al-Tabari, State University of New York Press, New York, 1999 ~ vol. 5 p. 105 « They mustered their forces below the mountains, when they halted at Kāzarún, but they neither overcame nor conquered. They found us earnest fighters, in an encounter where they thought they would win, but did not, At Dasht Barin, on the day of the pass,(575) when those lions who roared as they shed human blood were overtaken - They encountered detachments that left them no gap to exploit, disdainful of those who had the misfortune to fight them, Advancing when challenged by the enemy cavalry, and attacking again as they exposed their rear. And at Jubayrayn,(576) when they advance in lines, fn. 575. Yawm al-shi'b. Dasht Barin was a rustag of the district of Säbür, whose capital was al-Nawbandajan, see Ibn Khurradadhbih, Masalik, 45; Yaqut, Mu'jam. II, 576. The "day of the pass" probably refers to the battle described by Ibn A'tham al-Küfi (Futüh. VII, 34) at Shi'b Bawwan, just east of al-Nawbandajan, see Ibn Khurradadhbih, Masalik, 43, and note 554 above. fn. 576. Considerable variation in pointing and even ductus in various manu- scripts, the reading adopted is from Istakhri, Masalik (BGA, I), 105, 136, where this place is mentioned immediately after Dasht Barin. See also Ibn Hawqal, Masalik (BGA, III, 204, reading Jinzir. » #3081 trans: C. E. Bosworth, The History of al-Tabari, State University of New York Press, New York, 1999 ~ vol. 22 p. 158 ※ SOURCE for Ghundzjan « On the return trip, following an easier route skirting the mountains, we passed extensive ruins of a city at the southern end of the valley in which Sar Mashad is located. These ruins may be tentatively identified as the site of medieval Ghundzjan, which lay to the west of Jireh. Another possibility is the town of Fahlan, which also lay to the west of Jireh (22). From Bala Deh I returned to Kazerun and thence to Shapur. Here the bas-reliefs were photographed and squeezes were secured of the inscriptions of Apasay on a fallen pillar (23). fn. 22 The exact location is unspecified, cf. K. Miller, Mappae Arabicae (Hamburg-Stuttgart, 1929), 3. Band, 3. Beiheft, Islam Atlas M 10 (Fars), Taf. 28. fn. 23 R. Ghirshman, Inscription of the monument of Chapour I to Chapour, Revue des arts Asiatiques 10 (1938), 123-129. » #3082 Richard N. Frye, Report on a Trip to Iran in the Summer of 1948, Oriens, 1949 ~ p. 209 ※ SOURCE for Gondekan/Gundijan « Her geographical study has an excellent complement in the archaeological investigations by Parsa Ghasemi. He has discovered and described a vast field of ruins of an urban settlement, in association with the ruins at Sar Mashhad. This would seem to be the first evidence of Gondekān/Gundijān, a city often mentioned in the writings of medieval Arab geographers. This site would appear to be an orthogonal planned city with a number of monumental buildings. » #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ pp. 79-80 ※ SOURCE for Kandigan « Ghandijan is an abondoned city from Sassanian era to the early Islamic period. The old name of the city probably was "Kandigān" but another hypothesis is "Pandegan". The early Islamic historians mentioned the name of Ghandejan as a city in Fars state. The context of the city located in the south of Iranian plateau near the coast of Persian Gulf. » #3124 Hassan Karimian and Afshin Aryanpur, Sassanid-Islamic City of Ghandijan: Spatial Organization, Form and Function, Journal of Iranian Studies, Tehran, ~ p. 229 Gilak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064334 coordinate: lat 28.883889 long 52.536111 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Gilek , Deh-e Dilak , Gilak , VARIANT names: Gilak , Guilek , ※ SOURCE for Guilek « Le 28, notre marche se dirigeant vers le N. E., nous passons et longeons plusieurs filets d'eau qui arrosent la plaine. A quelque distance de la route sont les villages de Sar-Meïdan, de Deh- Chêhr, de Khevil, et plus loin, au N., celui de Guilek. [On the 28th, our march heading towards the N. E., we pass and skirt several streams which water the plain. At some distance from the road are the villages of Sar-Meïdan, Deh-Chêhr, Khevil, and further on, to the N., that of Guilek.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 65 Gilan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064347 coordinate: lat 34.1421 long 45.9203 NIMA/GNS names: Gilan , Gilan-e Gharb , گیلان غرب , VARIANT names: Gilan , Gili : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064353 coordinate: lat 33.898613 long 49.887184 NIMA/GNS names: Gili , Gilli , گیلی , VARIANT names: Gili , ※ SOURCE for Gili « At 9½ miles the village of Gili is reached. There are 60 houses and a qanat. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 238 Gilla : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.784381 long 51.025048 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gilla , ※ SOURCE for Gilla « From Cape Berdistan, and the hummocks of Kenn, the coast takes a northerly direction about 18 leagues, to a place called Gilla, where a bay is formed on the south side of Rischar point, called Rischar, or Halela Bay, from a high mount inland of this name. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852, ~ vol. 1 ed. 2 1817 p. 265 « Tangeseer may possibly be the town called Gilla in the English charts, and thought to derive its name from Halilah. This appellation is given by the people of the country to the range of hills lying at the back of the plain on the sea-shore here, and going nearly north and south from just above Berdistan to below Bushire. The high peaked hill, called Halilah by us, is known to the pilots by the name of Koormoutche, and immediately follows the northern extreme of the Halilah range. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 430 « 89. Gilla, Halilah. Il faut dire aussi quelques mots de la localité de Gilla mentionnée plus haut en parlant des idées de Buckingham. Plusieurs vieilles cartes montrent un Gilla sur la côte au sud de Bouchir, et parfois aussi une montagne Halilah, placée bien à l'intérieur du pays à l'est de Gilla. D'autres cartes ont uniquement une localité du même nom que cette montagne, mais située sur la côte à la place de Gilla. La carte de Mac Cluer (1785) donne seule- ment Gilla. Horsburgh entre même dans des précisions, disant que Gilla se trouve près d'une baie formée sur le côté sud de la pointe de Réchir - la baie de Rischar ou de Halela. Comme il est bien connu, il y a encore de nos jours une localité nommée Halileh au sud de Réchir et l'extrémité sud de la péninsule de Bouchir est désignée cap Halileh (Kalal?); on parle aussi d'une baie Halileh que Berg- haus croit s'appeler aussi baie de Rischehr. Quant à la montagne du même nom qui, par suite de sa hauteur, servait de point de repère aux navigateurs, il a dû s'agir du Kouh-Khourmoudj comme je l'ai déjà fait remarquer (voir note 14, où il a également été ques- tion des Mamelons qui feraient partie du mont Halilah). Selon toute évidence il n'existe sur cette partie de la côte aucune localité appelée Gilla et il est très probable que ce nom n'est qu'une corruption de Halilah. [89. Gilla, Halilah. A few words must also be said about the locality of Gilla mentioned above in speaking of Buckingham's ideas. Several old maps show a Gilla on the coast south of Bouchir, and sometimes also a mountain Halilah, placed well inland to the east of Gilla. Other maps have only a locality of the same name as this mountain, but situated on the coast instead of Gilla. Mac Cluer's map (1785) gives only Gilla. Horsburgh even goes into detail, saying that Gilla is near a bay formed on the south side of the point of Réchir - the bay of Rischar or Halela. As is well known, there is still at the present day a locality called Halileh south of Réchir and the southern extremity of the peninsula of Bouchir is designated Cape Halileh (Kalal?); There is also talk of a bay Halileh which Berghaus believes is also called Rischehr Bay. As for the mountain of the same name which, because of its height, served as a landmark for navigators, it must have been Kouh-Khourmoudj as I have already pointed out (see note 14, where there was also mention of the Mamelons which are said to be part of Mount Halilah). According to all evidence there is no locality called Gilla on this part of the coast and it is very probable that this name is only a corruption of Halilah.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 269 Ginau : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064066 coordinate: lat 27.453702 long 56.292835 NIMA/GNS names: Ganoo , Genow , Genu , Ginau , گن , گنو , VARIANT names: Ginau , Guenau , ※ SOURCE for Ginau « At 12 miles a small plain is reached, among hills, where there is a palm grove and a water tank. The water runs dry every summer. Close by is a spring strongly impregnated with sulphur. The village of Ginau lies about half a mile further on; it consists of a few houses; there are four or five mills turned by water. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Guenau « 2 mai. Nous arrivâmes près du village de Guenau, situé au pied de la montagne du même nom, célèbre dans tout le pays par de beaux jardins. Je résolus de la visiter, et me rapprochai pour cela le plus possible du pied de la montagne. [May 2. We arrived near the village of Guenau, located at the foot of the mountain of the same name, famous throughout the country for its beautiful gardens. I decided to visit it, and to do so moved as close as possible to the foot of the mountain. ] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 588 Gira fire-temple : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.2437 long 51.985505 † basis (located in google earth or maps and no other reference) VARIANT names: Djerre monument , Gira fire-temple , ※ SOURCE for Djerre monument « Quant aux sanctuaires, en plus de celui de Suse, dont j'ai d'abord parlé, et de celui de Kūh-é Khwādje, nous en connaissons deux, qui ont été décou- verts par E. Herzfeld, l'un dans la vallée de Djerrè, dans le Fars, l'autre au bas des murs de la terrasse de Persepolis. Il faut d'ailleurs s'entendre au sujet de l'édifice de la vallée de Djerrè. E. Herzfeld le présente, dans son Archaeo- logical History of Iran'), comme un temple du feu construit par Mihrnarsè, ministre de Bahram Gur (fig. 33). (1)) Cependant, pour des raisons exposées plus loin, (2)) il me paraît plutôt avoir été une église, une église sāsānide, āteshgah à peine modifié que ses constructeurs ou, plus probablement, ses donateurs chrétiens ornèrent, à contre-sens, de quelques formes architecturales occiden- tales qui leur étaient familières. J'y vois d'ailleurs, en dépit des quelques arrangements de détail qui marquent sa destination chrétienne, un si juste exemple de sanctuaire du feu qu'il me semble possible de l'introduire à ce titre dans cette étude. fn. 1. P. 91-93. fig. 12 et 13. fn. 2. Voir p. 172. [As for the sanctuaries, in addition to that of Susa, which I spoke of first, and that of Kūh-é Khwādje, we know of two, which were discovered by E. Herzfeld, one in the valley of Djerrè, in Fars, the other at the foot of the walls of the terrace of Persepolis. We must also agree on the subject of the building in the valley of Djerrè. E. Herzfeld presents it, in his Archaeological History of Iran'), as a fire temple built by Mihrnarsè, minister of Bahram Gur (fig. 33). (1)) However, for reasons explained later, (2)) it seems to me rather to have been a church, a Sāsānid church, an āteshgah barely modified when its builders or, more probably, its Christian donors decorated it, in reverse, with some Western architectural forms that were familiar to them. I see in it, moreover, despite the few arrangements of detail that mark its Christian destination, such a fair example of a fire sanctuary that it seems to me possible to introduce it as such in this study.fn. 1. P. 91-93. fig. 12 and 13. fn. 2. See p. 172.] » #3393 Andre Godard, Les Monuments du feu, in: Athar e Iran, Annales du service archeologique de l'Iran. 3, Libraire Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, Paris, 1938, pp. 7 - 82 ~ p. 58 ※ SOURCE for Gira fire-temple « On the foundation and history of the fire-temples literature contains considerable and, where we can check it, correct information. In the valley of Gira, between Firuzabad and Kāzarūn, I found, besides other remains, the ruins of two larger and two smaller fire-temples, to be ascribed on account of some details of plan and construction to the middle Sasanian period, Figs. 12 and 13. Their history we learn through Tabari, from the Sasanian prosaic Shahname. ... There is no reason to doubt that the four ruins of fire-temples in Gira are those of the four fire-temples founded by Mihrnarseh. » #3128 Herzfeld, Ernst E., Archaeological History of Iran, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1935 ~ pp. 91 and 93 Girani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3375780 coordinate: lat 32.624451 long 62.433819 NIMA/GNS names: Girani , Girani , گرانی , VARIANT names: Girani , Girash : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064072 coordinate: lat 27.669664 long 54.135859 NIMA/GNS names: Gerash , Girash , گراش , VARIANT names: Gerash , Girash , J.ris , Jiras , ※ SOURCE for Gerash « Gerash » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} ※ SOURCE for J.ris see source « Jiras » ※ SOURCE for Jiras « L'émir Abū Dulaf, dont Wassaf vante la distinction et la générosité, régnait sur "tous les Garmsirät, le Irähistan et les Côtes (sawāhil), de la plaine (saprā) de Kunduran à Lär, J.ris, Jüyum, Fål, Kuran, Zam et Siräf. (26) fn. 26 Wassaf, éd. Bombay, p. 174-175. Kunduran (dendronyme, sur kundur, "arbre à encens ", typique de la flore du Läristän; cf. Ange de S. Joseph, Gazophylacium linguae Persarum (Amster- dam 1684), p. 156) est probablement le Kunduran situé au NE du port de Charak (FJ VII, p. 191). J'incline à identifier "J.ris", énuméré à la suite de Lär, à Jiras (Mufid Mustaufi Yazdi, XVIIe s., dans Farhang-e Iran Zamin VI/2-3 (1337 s./ 1958), p. 174), aujourd'hui Girāsh (FJ VII, p. 199). Cette localité est qualifiée de village dans un texte du XIVe s. référant au XIIe s.: "le dih G.rish, proche de Khunj" (cf. infra, note 39). [The emir Abū Dulaf, whose distinction and generosity Wassaf praises, reigned over "all Garmsirät, Irähistan and the Coasts (sawāhil), from the plain (saprā) of Kunduran to Lär, J.ris, Jüyum, Fål, Kuran, Zam and Siräf. (26) fn. 26 Wassaf, ed. Bombay, pp. 174-175. Kunduran (dendronym, on kundur, "incense tree", typical of the flora of Läristän; cf. Angel of St. Joseph, Gazophylacium linguae Persarum (Amsterdam 1684), p. 156) is probably the Kunduran located to the NE of the port of Charak (FJ VII, p. 191). I am inclined to identify "J.ris", listed after Lär, with Jiras (Mufid Mustaufi Yazdi, 17th century, in Farhang-e Iran Zamin VI/2-3 (1337 s./ 1958), p. 174), today Girāsh (FJ VII, p. 199). This locality is described as a village in a 14th century text referring to the 12th century: "the dih G.rish, close to Khunj" (cf. infra, note 39).] » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ pp. 23-4 Gird Bisheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194695 coordinate: lat 28.066667 long 52.933333 NIMA/GNS names: Gerd Bisheh , Gird Bisheh , گرد بيشه , VARIANT names: Gird Bisheh , ※ SOURCE for Gird Bisheh « #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 287 « Gird Bisheh is reached at 16 miles (1,450'). No permanent population. Sunnis from Bākhān come in summer. Roads diverge to Bākhān 3 farsakhs, to Afzar vid Tang-i-Bādi, and to Lāghar and Makkū viá Tang-i-Shahriyāri, 4 farsakhs. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 164 Gishan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3754651 coordinate: lat 27.6765 long 56.235 NIMA/GNS names: Gishan , Gishan-e Gharbi , گيشان , گيشان غربی , VARIANT names: Bichon , Gishan , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Gishan FOR Curi hazirgon [[PBR]], ※ SOURCE for Bichon « 8 mai. Nous marchâmes toute la nuit dans un désert horrible et vînmes coucher à Bichon, village persan, avec des Palmiers. Je me trouvais assez bien en arrivant, je dormis et mangeai ensuite de bon appétit deux cuisses de poulet, et bus sans ménagement l'eau qu'on m'apporta; [May 8. We walked all night in a horrible desert and came to sleep at Bichon, a Persian village, with Palm Trees. I felt quite well when I arrived, I slept and then ate two chicken legs with good appetite, and unceremoniously drank the water that was brought to me;] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 592 ※ SOURCE for Gishan « Gishan » in {map#1186 in #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7 45:648-60 ~ fig. Marco Polo's Route as fixed by Captain Sykes} p. 655 Giti : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3766689 coordinate: lat 25.566253 long 61.076737 NIMA/GNS names: Gitak , Giti , گیتی , VARIANT names: Giti , Gizhan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3794252 coordinate: lat 33.253906 long 47.611065 NIMA/GNS names: Gizhan , Kahriz , Kahriz Bazvand , امامزاده گي?ان , گی?ان , کهریز , کهریز بازوند , VARIANT names: Gizhan , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.272394 long 48.511774 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gaban , Gabbaan , Gabbon , Gabon , Ghaban , Gibbon , Goban , Goban I. , Gubban , Kobban , Qobban , Quban I. , ※ SOURCE for Gaban « The Delta of Susiana is much more properly than the Delta of Egypt inclosed and divided by seven (363) streams(364), which are called, 1. The Cossisa-Bony (364); 2. The (365) Bamishere (367); 3. The Caroon, or Karûn; 4. The Selege; 5. The Mohilla; 6. The Gaban; and, 7. The Deree-Bouna. These are names which I obtain from M'Cluer and a very curious (368) chart of Mr. Dalrymple's, and are apparently the titles by which these channels are known to the Karack pilots. This chart explains the journal of Nearchus as perfectly as if it had been composed by a person on board his fleet. Three of these streams, after cutting the Delta, pass through a shoal which is called the Meidan (369) Ala, the great flat, evidently from its plain and even surface, extending out twelve, and in some places seventeen miles, from the coast of the Delta. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ p. 423 « Gaban » in {map#1056 Map of Susiana or Khoozistan, , , #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 } « Mede heeft dese hoecq aen weersijden een groote inwijcq; ontrent 3 mijl noordelijcker ofte 4 crijcht ghij vlack water en is die vlacte twelcq tot in de riviere van Bassora treckt bij 't eijlant Gaban oft Amsterdam langs. » #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ p. 376 « The Chaub is originally a subject of the Turks, and has for many years possessed a considerable territory within their dominions bordering upon the Persian Empire, for which he ought, and did for some years, annually to pay (sic) a large sum into the treasury of the this Pachaship. A few years after the death of Nadir Shah, and in the troubles that followed it, he also got possession of a territory in the Persian dominions; by this means he became a subject of both powers. The territory of Gaban and its districts is the name of that he possesses on the Turkish, and Durack, that in (? on) the Persian (? side). Tradition, we may add, seems to point to a date somewhat earlier than 1683, which is mentioned by Major Rawlinson, as that of the first settlement of the Ka'ab in Arabistan ; and, with reference to this date and to the supposed unbroken connection of the Ka'ab with the Turks, it should not be forgotten that Basrah only caine under the direct control of the Turks about 1669, that some years previously to 1691 it fell into the hands of the Persians, and that the Turks did not resume possession of it until about 1695. » #2934 Lorimer, John Gordon, 'Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf. Vol I. Historical. Part II. J G Lorimer. 1915', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C91/2, in Qatar Digital Library, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ p. 1627 « Gaban (45 E, 55 E, 67-1 E): [Qoban / Goban] » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ p. 420 « Gaban, I. (66 E): [Qoban / Goban] » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ p. 420 ※ SOURCE for Gabbaan « Gabbaan (96 E): [Qoban / Goban] » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ p. 420 ※ SOURCE for Gabbon « Gabbon (44 E, 46 El: [Qoban / Goban] » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ p. 420 ※ SOURCE for Gabon « Gabon (65 E, 86 E) : [Qoban / Goban] » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ p. 420 « Gabon, I. (50 B): [Qoban / Goban] » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ p. 420 ※ SOURCE for Ghaban « Detail of the map on plate 3 showing the soundings made between Kharg, Bubiyan and Basra. Dutch handwriting of the seven- teenth century may not be easy to read. The ships came from the right-hand side of the chart between Kgarack [Kharg] and Gargu [Khargu]. The Dutch ship first crossed the extremity of the shallows off Ghaban [Qubban], but, once there, did not enter by the right entrance. Instead they sailed around the shallows off Ghadder [Khidr]. They tried to enter the Shatt al Arab, but found it too shallow. Turning back they tried two lower entrances between the mudflats: the Khor Abdallah and a creek near Fasht al Aych. Finally they turned back, entering the Bamishir, as shown by the long line of depth figures. » #2936 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1991 ~ pl. 4 p. 23 ※ SOURCE for Gibbon « Gibbon » in {map#1092 A draught of the gulf of Persia from cape Rosulgatt to Busero river, Anonymous English, 1721, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE SH 18 PF 209 DIV 2 P 11 D} see AHduGP map 91 ※ SOURCE for Goban « Gobân » in {map#1035 Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A)} see AHduGP map 102 « Goban » in {map#1061 Lower Mesopotamia Between Baghdad and the Persian Gulf., War Office, London, 1915, Geographicus, New York} « Goban » in {map#1029 Kaart van de Perzische Golf, ed. A. Hotz, 1907 (1645), #2863 Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ ( Kaart No. IV) after p. 545} ※ SOURCE for Goban I. « Goban I. » in Pl. 175 (Map: E. 362) #1412 Alai, Cyrus, General Maps of Persia 1477 - 1925 (Handbook of Oriental Studies: Section 1, the Near and Middle East), E.J. Brill, 2005 ~ pp. 249 and 251 see also in {map#1075 Persia, Afghanistan and Beluchistan, Royal Geographical Society Edward Stanford William James Turner, 1892, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Stock#77684} Kärun about broadens out into the Khor Musa (also called Khor Moi Allah). This is probably the oldest course of the Kārun; (2) The Shatt "al-Amaya" (as it is usually written on maps) or al-A'ma (= the blind stream), probably so called because its bed is usually choked with mud. It is also called Shatt Koban (Goban) from the district which lies on its right bank; Portuguese writers of the 17th century reproduced the name as Rio de Gabão (cf. Tomaschek, 75 f.). #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 4 p. 674 ※ SOURCE for Gubban « Generally pronounced Gubban. A deserted site on the western border of the Fallabich district of Southern Arabistan, It lies at the point where the Khar Bu Khuwairin and Khadhair unite to form the Qanaqeh branch of Khur Musa, and it is distant about 12 miles south-east from the Marid erock of the Kärün river, and 7 miles north and a little east of the village of Ba Shaneh on the Bahmanshir. Boats can come up the Khur Qanaqeh to within 1 miles of this place. In dry weather, eg, November, there is scarcity of water round Qubban, but at other seasons the whole country to the northward, as far as the eye can reach becomes a swamp, and the mounds mentioned below are converted into islands. These mounds are the only traces of occupation now remaining They are 3 in number, 20 feet high, and appear to be relics of Fortified buildings. » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924 ~ pt. 2 L-Z p. 819 ※ SOURCE for Kobban « The Cha'b Arabs came originally from Wásit and the marshes near the junction of the Tigris and Euphrates. They were buffalo-herdsmen; and, settling on the Delta formed by the estuary of the Shat-el-'Arab and the Kárún, they founded the town of Goban (Kobbán) (1). The country they now inhabit, was at that time occupied by the Persian tribe of Afshár, and the town of Dórak (2) was their principal settlement. The Afshárs allowed them to settle in the lower part of the country upon paying a tribute of butter and other produce of their cattle. To the Turkish government they also paid a yearly sum for occupation of lands near the Euphrates; fn. 1 The Cha'b Sheikh informed me that the tribe emigrated from Koweït and the Arabian coast of the Persian Gulf. Some divisions of the tribe may trace their origin to that part of Arabia. fn. 2 Kobbán is not modern in origin, as it is mentioned by the older Arabian geographers. – F. S. » #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846 ~ pp. 41-2 ※ SOURCE for Qobban « The largest and best-organized of the "pirate" states that the Vakil set himself to subdue was that of the Banu Ka'b. In origin they were said to be a branch of the Banu Khafaja bedouin, who had migrated into lower Iraq in pre-Islamic times and made their name almost a synonym for banditry. Late in the sixteenth or early in the seventeenth century they were settled at Qobban, between Khawr Musa and the the Shatt ol-'Arab, by one of the Dayri pashas of Basra and rose in their service to dominance over the coastal region. In Nader's reign they took advantage of a revolt by Mohammad Khan Baluch in Shushtar to raid as far as Dawraq on the river Jarahi, which was soon to become their chief center. Nader dispatched a force to besiege Qobban and the Ka'b sued for terms, » #3003 John R. Perry, Karim Khan Zand A History of Iran, 1747-1779, University of Chicago Press, Chicago:London, 2015 ~ p. 161 « Afrasiyab Pasha also ousted the forces of the Vali of Hoveyzeh from Basra province as well as those of another Safavid official, Bektash Agha Afshar, from the Qobban area. When Safavid forces under Emamqoli Khan attacked Basra in the late 1620s, it were the Ka`b under Sheikh Badr b. `Othman who at Qobban opposed the Safavid troops. As a reward for their valor the Ka`b allegedly received title to the islands of the estuary.(14) fn. 14. Kasravi 1333, p. 101. For the rise of Afrasiyab Pasha and the wars with the Safavids see Floor 2006, pp. 544-47. » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 197 ※ SOURCE for Quban I. « Quban Island in Fig. The upper end of the gulf » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 10 « The top of the Gulf is an area highly susceptible to physical and political changes. The course of rivers has changed, the coastline has been shifting to the South-East because of depositions of silt, and the border between Persia and the Ottoman Empire has also moved between the seventeenth and the twentieth centuries. In the seventeenth and most of the eighteenth century, the border between Ottoman Iraq and Persia ran considerably more to the East than now: instead of the Shatt al Arab, the Karun-i Amiye (or Shatt al Ama) and the Khor Musa were the border rivers. This means that the islands of Khidr between the Shatt al Arab and the Bamishir (on which the modern port of Abadan is situated) and Quban between the Bamishir and the Karun-i Amiye were Ottoman territory.(26) It is not clear when the Shatt al Arab actually became the border river. During the seventeenth century the Bamishir and not the shallow Shatt al Arab was the principal road for shipping between the Gulf and Basra. The Bamishir at that time got its water from the upper Shatt al Arab, not from the Upper Karun as is the present situation. The waters of the Upper Karun ran at that time inde- pendently to the Gulf by way of the Karun-i Amiye and the Khor Musa. (27) The French traveller Thevenot (c. 1664) mentions that the Bamishir was in use for big shipping and was called by sailors 'River of Hormuz', while the Lower Shatt al Arab was only used by small shipping to ports on the coast of the Arabian peninsula and was called River of Bahrain or River of Qatif. (28) The lower Shatt al Arab became accessible to large ships in the course of the eighteenth century. (29) On the island of Quban between the Bamishir and the Khor Musa and Karun-i Amiye, the Ottomans had some border fortresses of which the principal was called Dawraq. This Dawraq should not be confused with the place Dawraq, which can be seen on maps of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries and now is called Fallahiya: this place is more inland. (30) At first the former Dawraq was in the hands of the Pasha of Basra, it is already referred as such in 1623. (31) Around the 1750's, it was occupied by the Banu Ka'b, a tribe whose Shaikh had his residence in Fallahiya. (32) fn. 26 A Dutch document of 1645 explicitly mentions that the Ottoman-Persian border ran through the river bordering the island of Quban in the East: Hotz, 'Roobacker', 370-371: this island [Quban/Dawraq] is bordering Persia. The Khor Musa separates it from Persia; there are 2-3 fortresses on it which belong to the King of Basra'. A geographical description of the area can be found in the El i.v. Karun (vol. 4, pp. 673-678). fn. 27 Hotz, 'Roobacker', pp. 342-348. The map by Roobacker in Badische Landes- bibliothek in Karlsruhe clearly shows the Shatt al Arab closed by shallows and the Bamishir as the route for shipping. fn. 28 Thevenot, Suite du voyage, pp. 306-307, 332; Bocarro's Livro das Piantas in Bragança Pereira, Arquivo, tom. 4 (Historia administrativa) vol. 2 (1600- 1699) pt. 1, p. 94. fn. 29 A chart of 1753 (J. van Keulen, Zee-fackel, chart of the Gulf) shows the Shatt al Arab as principal way of access to Basra. fn. 30 The English Basra Diary vol. 197, pp. 371 (9-4-1767) mentions that Quban [Dawraq island] is Ottoman territory. Dawraq [Fallahiya] has always been Persian. fn. 31 In 1623, according to a Portuguese document published in Cordeiro, Dois Capitães, pp. 87, the Ottomans defeated a Persian attack on their border fortress of Dawraq on the island of Quban. A later reference to Dawraq as an Ottoman stronghold in ARA, VOC vol. 9099, Dutch Basra diary of 18-9-1725. fn. 32 About this tribe see especially EBD of 1766 and 1767, passim, but especially vol. 197, p. 22 (reference to the settling of the Banu Ka'b on Dawraq), J.R. Perry, The Bani Ka'b, an amphibious brigand state in Khuzistan' Le monde iranien et l'Islam vol. 1 (1971) pp. 131-152; El, vol. 4 p. 314 i.v. Banu Ka'b (by A.M. Abu Hakima), Otter, Voyage, vol. 2, pp. 199-201 and Niebuhr, Beschrei- bung, pp. 319-320. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 11 Godar-e Hezar Chil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3066573 coordinate: lat 32.366667 long 54.733333 NIMA/GNS names: Godar-e Hezar Chil , گدار هزار چيل , VARIANT names: Godar-e Hezar Chil , Godar-e Khar Sang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3070797 coordinate: lat 35.435136 long 59.212976 NIMA/GNS names: Godar-e Khar Sang , Gudar-i-Kharsang , Khar Sang , Shotor Gardan , Shotor Gardan , شتر گردن , VARIANT names: Godar-e Khar Sang , Godar-e Kotal Malu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: GRGE UFI: 11727584 coordinate: lat 29.475549 long 51.406808 NIMA/GNS names: Godar-e Kotal Malu , گدار کتل ملو , VARIANT names: Godar-e Kotal Malu , Kotal-i-Mallu , ※ SOURCE for Kotal-i-Mallu « The kotals are four in number: The Kotal-i-Mallu, -the Accursed Pass; the Kotal-i-Kumarij; the Kotal-i-Dokhter, the Pass of the Daughter; and the Kotal-i-Pir-i-Zan, the Pass of the Old Woman. ... just started on the beginning of the first or * accursed' pass, the first ascent was a comparatively innocent slope of about 30 degrees, where my * pony ' only fell down once. Then it was up and down over rocks and stones, among rugged ranges, looking as if they had been cleft with some gigantic knife, till, suddenly, round a corner we came again on my friend, the Daliki River. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 61 Godar-e Sar Bizan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3082587 coordinate: lat 29.0964 long 57.5469 NIMA/GNS names: Godar-e Sar Bizan , Godar-e Sar Bizhan , Godar-e Sar Piran , Godar-e Sarbostan , Gudar-i-Sarbizan , گدار سر بی?ن , VARIANT names: Godar-e Sar Bizan , Godar-e Zarchu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3089028 coordinate: lat 29.666667 long 56.716667 NIMA/GNS names: Godar-e Zarchu , Godar-e Zarchu'iyeh , Gudar-i-Zarchuyeh , VARIANT names: Godar-e Zarchu , God-i Ibrahim : arch. site IRN UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 27.760326 long 52.3208 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: to be confirmed VARIANT names: God-i Ibrahim , ※ SOURCE for God-i Ibrahim « God-i Ibrahim, in a small valley about 2.5 farsakhs from Siraf, is regarded as the half-way point to Jam. A track to Bid-i Khar diverges at this point. The main building has a large courtyard, measuring approximately 20 x 20 m, with long, narrow, vaulted rooms on each side (Figs 70 and 71). The entrance is from the south, through the central of three rooms; small corner rooms are also found on the south side. The northern range of rooms, which measures 18 x 3 m and has three entrances, is the best preserved (1.5 m high). Two doorways appear to have opened onto the court from the east and west blocks. Southeast of this structure is a building with a single vaulted room, again of plaster and rubble, measuring 18 x 7 m and preserved to a height of 1 m, with three-quarters round buttresses at the angles and an entrance in the western long side. Also in the immediate area is a cistern with rounded ends, measuring 18 x 4 m, a conduit and other fragmentary walls, possibly field terracing. » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ pp. 79-80 Gohreh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064469 coordinate: lat 27.7405 long 56.0733 NIMA/GNS names: Gohreh , Gohreh-ye Faryab Chelow , Guhra , گهره , گهرۀ فارياب چلو , VARIANT names: Gohrah , Gohreh , Gora , Guhre , ※ SOURCE for Gohrah « «5-40 P.M., arrived at Gohrah. Distance 29 miles. ... Gohrah has no proper village or houses, but opposite to a Tofangchi tower, which is in partial ruins; we put up in a good- sized room made of sun-dried bricks. The houses or huts of date palm leaves are erected all over the place under the date trees, which are very numerous. There are 350 such huts inhabited by 700 people; 2,000 sheep, 80 cows. 60 oxen, are owned by them. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884~ p. 20 » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 20 ※ SOURCE for Gora « Nous arrivons à Gora à sept heures et demie du soir . Ce hameau , composé d'environ cinquante cabanes construites en branches de palmiers , est au pied d'un mont , sur la crête duquel s'élève un mur flanqué de tours [We arrive in Gora at half past seven in the evening. This hamlet, made up of about fifty cabins built from palm tree branches, is at the foot of a mountain, on the crest of which rises a wall flanked by towers.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 381 « 9 mai. Nous continuâmes notre route dans la même direction et toujours de nuit, car dans le jour il n'y a pas possibilité de voyager. Le pays est désert, aride et sans eau; il nous fallut absolument gagner Gora, petit village avec de grandes plantations de Palmiers et où le Pommier commence à être cultivé; c'est peut-être l'arbre fruitier qui s'étend le plus au Nord et au Midi. Il y a à Gora les ruines de deux khans qui annoncent que cet endroit avait autrefois un peu plus d'importance. [May 9. We continued our journey in the same direction and always at night, because during the day there is no possibility of traveling. The country is desert, arid and without water; we absolutely had to reach Gora, a small village with large palm plantations and where apple trees are beginning to be cultivated; it is perhaps the fruit tree that extends furthest to the North and the South. In Gora there are the ruins of two khans which indicate that this place once had a little more importance. ] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 593 ※ SOURCE for Guhre « Il giovedi, ad un'ora o poco più di sole, cam- minate quattro leghe, ci fermammo a posare a canto ad una peschiera, circondata da sponde alte di terra, nella quale raccol- gono i paesani un poco di acqua corrente, che di là passa fuori e poco lontano da una villa chiamata Guhrè. [On Thursday, at an hour or so of sunshine, after walking four leagues, we stopped to rest next to a fishpond, surrounded by high earthen banks, in which the villagers collect a little running water, which from there it passes outside and not far from a villa called Guhrè.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 286 Gohreh Gaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3064471 coordinate: lat 30.434938 long 57.209236 NIMA/GNS names: Gohr Gaz , Gohreh Gaz , Gohreh Gazeh , گهره گزه , VARIANT names: Gohreh Gaz , Goinak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067526 coordinate: lat 28.7879 long 51.0691 NIMA/GNS names: Gavainak , Goinak , Govinak , Gov'inak , Ja'enak , Ja'inak , Javinak , Kuyenak , جائنك , جائینک , جاوينك , كوينك , گوئينک , گوينک , VARIANT names: Goinak , ※ SOURCE for Goinak « Goinak » in {map#1033 Asia. Persian Gulf [173r], Guy, Brucks, Constable, Stiffe, 1933, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3924, f 173, in Qatar Digital Library} Gol Gol : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054589 coordinate: lat 33.2044 long 47.8364 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh-e Gol Gol , Bagh-i-Gulgul , Gol Gol , باغ گل گل , گل گل , VARIANT names: Gol Gol , Gulgul , ※ SOURCE for Gulgul « Gulgul » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} Golabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3857745 coordinate: lat 32.7838 long 52.8134 NIMA/GNS names: Golabad , گل آباد , VARIANT names: Golabad , Golashkerd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064514 coordinate: lat 27.968333 long 57.152222 NIMA/GNS names: Galashgerd , Golashkerd , Kolashkerd , Qulashgird , VARIANT names: Alexandreia , Alexandria in Carmania , Golashkerd , Gulashgird , Gulashkird , Valashgerd , Walashjird , Walishkird , ※ SOURCE for Alexandreia « From Harmozeia (Hormuz) Nearchus went inland to Alexandreia (Gulaskird), [n. (#854 Bengtson, H. and Milojcic, V., Grosser Historischer Weltatlas, Munich, 1954, 17)] » #824 Miller, J Innes, The Spice Trade of the Roman Empire, 29 BC to AD 641, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1969, p. 253 ※ SOURCE for Alexandria in Carmania « al-ISKANDARIYYA, the name of a great number of towns of which Alexander (al-Iskandar) was the founder, real or legendary, or for which he was chosen as eponymous protector when they were built after his death. The relevant ancient texts are listed in the Real-Encyclopaedie of Pauly-Wissowa (i, 1377-98 and Suppl., i, 54) and, in less detail, by M. Besnier, Lexique de geographie ancienne, Paris 1914, 32-4. These towns are: ... 7. Alexandria apud Oritas, on the coast of Gedrosia, near Cocala: Sonmiani, at the mouth of the Pourali. - 8. Alexandria in Macarene, in the Makran, on the river Mashkil. - 9. Alexandria in Carmania: known to the Arab geographers as Walash-djird (cf. Yakut, s.v.). » EI IV:131a « Alexandria; "4. In Carmania, the capital of the country, now Kerman. » (Amm. Marc. xxiii. 6.) #840 vol. 1, p. 102 « We may also note that Pliny, Ptolemy, and Ammianius refer to an Alexandria in Carmania, unknown, like that of Makerene, to historians, the tradition of the Romance, and the Arab geographers. [n. Tarn, 239, accepts the Carmanian Alexandria, in the region of Hormuz (for which see his detailed study, GBI 481 ff.), as a foundation of Alexander himself, but its attestation is weak.] » #848 Fraser, P. M., Cities of Alexander the Great, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996 p. 166-7 n. Is this "48. Beyond the frontier of this people Greater Carmania rises with lofty peaks, extending as far as the Indian Sea, supplied with products of the soil and fruit trees, but far inferior in fame and in extent to the lands of the Arabs; however, the country is no less rich in rivers, and equally blest with a fertile soil. 49. The rivers better known than the rest are the Sagareus, Saganis, and Hydriacus. There are also cities which, though few in number, are very rich in all that contributes to the maintenance and enjoyment of life. Conspicuous among them are Carmana, mother city of them all, Portospana, Alexandria, and Hermupolis. » #234 bk. XXIII, 6 48-49 ※ SOURCE for Gulashgird « Its extensive stretch of date-palm groves is watered by a lively stream, which descends from the hills in the north-west and here passes through a gorge down to the group of palm-girt hamlets collectively known as Gulashgird. (5)fn. 5 Gulāshgird is mentioned by Arab geographers under the name of Walishkird, Walashjird on the road from Jiruft to Hormuz; cf. Schwarz, Iran im Mittelalter, p. 248. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 176 ※ SOURCE for Gulashkird « Graeco-Macedonian town on the Gulf of Ormuz » ref? Has it got the right link name? ※ SOURCE for Valashgerd « G4 | Valashgerd § [Gulashkird] | R?L | IRN | Le Strange 1905, 317 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory map 3 Asia Occidentalis p. 39 [coordinates lat 27.97 long 57.20 estimated from map] ※ SOURCE for Walashjird « Its extensive stretch of date-palm groves is watered by a lively stream, which descends from the hills in the north-west and here passes through a gorge down to the group of palm-girt hamlets collectively known as Gulashgird. (5)fn. 5 Gulāshgird is mentioned by Arab geographers under the name of Walishkird, Walashjird on the road from Jiruft to Hormuz; cf. Schwarz, Iran im Mittelalter, p. 248. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 176 ※ SOURCE for Walishkird « Its extensive stretch of date-palm groves is watered by a lively stream, which descends from the hills in the north-west and here passes through a gorge down to the group of palm-girt hamlets collectively known as Gulashgird. (5)fn. 5 Gulāshgird is mentioned by Arab geographers under the name of Walishkird, Walashjird on the road from Jiruft to Hormuz; cf. Schwarz, Iran im Mittelalter, p. 248. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 176 Golbaf Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.875348 long 57.746895 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Golbaf Castle , Golberenji : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064022 coordinate: lat 28.9229 long 53.2768 NIMA/GNS names: Gel Berenji , Golberenji , گلبرنجی , VARIANT names: Golberenji , Gulbiranji , ※ SOURCE for Gulbiranji « Gulbiranji » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} Goldamche Caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.668633 long 53.540462 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: google earth dimensions approx 13m x 13m VARIANT names: caravanserail , Goldamche Caravanserai , K. Hadschi ressa (Addji Reså) , walls of ruined K (Thévenot) , ※ SOURCE for caravanserail [no place name given - description used for Route 81 stage 057. PBR] « Après trois heures de marche, nous trouvons un caravansérail ruiné, près duquel est une citerne sèche bâtie en berceau. Nous étions dans un terrain pierreux, entre deux montagnes, qui laissent entr'elles peu d'espace. [After three hours of walking, we found a ruined caravanserai, near which was a dry cistern built in a barrel shape. We were in stony terrain, between two mountains, which left little space between them.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 456 ※ SOURCE for Goldamche Caravanserai «Goldamche Caravanserai / Jahrom City / Fars Province Photo » online reference link [accessed 24 Jun 2024] « At 10½ miles cultivation ceases and the road runs up gentle but stony slopes, passing a ruined sarai at 10¾ miles, Water from qanāts, and an open cistern; » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 177 « The Shah Abbasi Goldamcheh caravanserai is a brick structure with three chambers in the east and a longitudinal stable in the west. There is a dome on each chamber and three domes on the stable. The size of the side chambers is 33 meters and the size of the middle chamber is 474. In front of each of these chambers there is a small Iran 2.5 meters long. The floor of the chambers is about half a meter higher than the Iran and is plastered with mortar. The side chambers have two niches measuring 11.40 meters and a fireplace measuring 1.5×1 meter in front of the entrance door. The niches and fireplaces are 40 centimeters higher than the floor of the chamber. The middle chamber is larger. It has four niches on the north and south sides measuring 1×1 meter. The fireplace of this chamber measuring 11.5 meters has a barrel vault and is located opposite the entrance door. The stable of the building, which is located on the west side of the building, has eight holes measuring 20×40 centimeters on the east side and four holes on the west side, which were used to tie the horse's bridle. This part of the building has barrel vaults decorated with stucco. The bases of the arches on the east side are located on the back wall of the chambers and on the west side on a short column. There are two arch openings measuring 21.5 and 5 meters high on the west side, which had both a decorative and a functional role. » #3365 Majid Mansouri, Archaeological Survey of the Kordian District, Jahrom, Fars, Iran (In Persian), Payam Baratshenas Magazine, 2015 yr.12: issue 23: ~ p. 89 ※ SOURCE for K. Hadschi ressa (Addji Reså) « Um 12 Uhr nachts SO durch Felsen und steinige Hügel auf gewundenem Wege nach 2 Farsach zu einer Karawanserei, gebaut von Hadschi ressá (Addji Reså). Bestand nur in 3 großen Vorgewölben und einem Hinterstall. Hier traten die vorigen Höhen stark hervor und besonders der uns entgegen- stehende Berg, an dessen Fuß Djahrom liegt, [At 12 o'clock at night SE through rocks and stony hills on a winding path to 2 Farsach to a caravanserai built by Hajji ressá (Addji Reså). Existed only in 3 large vestibules and a back stable. Here the previous heights stood out strongly and especially the mountain opposite us, at the foot of which lies Djahrom,] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 114 ※ SOURCE for walls of ruined K (Thévenot) « about half an hour after Five we paft by the Walls of a ruinated Kervanʃeray, with a Ciſtern adjoyning it : about Seven a Clock we found ſome Brooks, and then Travelled amongst good Corn-Fields, until half an hour after Ten, when having paſſed by a great many Gardens, we arrived at a large Kervanʃeray, which is about an hundred paces from a little Town called Dgiaroun, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ p. 128 Goldamcheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064535 coordinate: lat 28.644425 long 53.519619 NIMA/GNS names: Gol Damcheh , Goldamcheh , گل دامچه , گلدامچه , VARIANT names: Goldamcheh , Gul Dumba , Qala Gul'dunba , ※ SOURCE for Gul Dumba « At 9¾ miles the walled village of Gul Dumbā is passed, lying 1½ miles to the W. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 177 ※ SOURCE for Qala Gul'dunba « Qala Gul'dunba قلمه گلدنبه auch LN, nördlich von Gahrum; = Gul'dumba in Map Bandar Abbas Shiraz in Geograph. Journal 31, 1908),179) fn. 179) Für gul (besonders in Bergnamen des Zagros) könnte man die Bedeutung Stein, Fels' vermuten, es also mundartlichen värd/bärd, Stein' (s. p. 345 Anm. 159; nicht mit Nyberg II p. 32 zu mp/np. bār, Ufer') gleichsetzen. Man darf erwägen, ob armen. berd, Feste, Schloß', sehr häufig in Ortsnamen (vgl. die lange Liste bei H. Hübschmann in Idg. Forsch. 16, 1904, p. 381), aus dem Iranischen kommt und eigentlich Fels, Stein' bedeutet, wie ja auch bei uns mit Vorliebe alte Burgen heißen. Vgl. p. 373 Anm. 243. Sollte der obige ON Kul'dum Schriftform für eigentliches Gul'dum sein? (Hat mit dem np. Vogelnamen gul'dum, Rotschwanz eig.,mit rosigem Schwanz nichts zu tun.) [Qala Gul'dunba قلمه گلدنبه also LN, north of Gahrum; = Gul'dumba in Map Bandar Abbas Shiraz in Geograph. Journal 31, 1908),179) fn. 179) For gul (especially in mountain names of the Zagros) one could assume the meaning 'stone, rock', thus equating it with the dialect värd/bärd, 'stone' (s. p. 345 note 159; not with Nyberg II p. 32 on mp/np. bār, 'shore'). One may consider whether armen. berd, fortress, castle, very common in place names (cf. the long list in H. Hübschmann in Idg. Forsch. 16, 1904, p. 381), comes from Iranian and actually means rock, stone, which is also the name we like to give to old castles. See p. 373 note 243. Should the above ON Kul'dum be the written form of actual Gul'dum? (Has nothing to do with the np. bird name gul'dum, red-tail, with a rosy tail.)] » #3267 Wilhelm Eilers, Der Name Demawend, Archiv orientální Quarterly Journal of African and Asian Studies, Prague, 1954 vol. 22:pp. 267-374 ~ pp. 274 and 353 Golgir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064601 coordinate: lat 31.764718 long 49.497756 NIMA/GNS names: Golgir , گل گیر , VARIANT names: Gergir , Golgir , Goorgir , Gulgir , Gurghir , Gurgir , ※ SOURCE for Gergir « At the foot of a lofty rock mass which stands out from the chain we were shown the site of the village of Gergir. Having crossed a brackish stream which was flowing north, we made a forced march over the high lands, and arrived by night at a fresh stream, near which are the straggling mat huts of Gergir, 20 miles, Altitude 1220 feet. District uninhabited. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 547 ※ SOURCE for Goorgir « The road then runs on with much the same characteristics to another marshy stream, near which there is a spring of almost warm water. From this stream to Goorgir the road is infamous, being simply nothing but a mass of sharp stones, most trying for horses' feet. The distance is not great, but it took us three hours, and we only marched the lower part of Goorgir at 6 p.m., altitude 1,200 feet. There are two imamzades here. The village is situated in a very barren valley, and has the Kuh-i-Asmani to the east. ... To the west of Goorgir is another road to Shuster, known as the Khar-Shoutourzar, which is marked on Colonel St. John's map.We passed no village during the day's march (20 miles), the only habitation seen being some Kashgae tents. Fuel is scarce on the road. » #3542 Walter Baring and Captain H Wells, Report on a journey to Shuster, Dizful, Behbehan, and Shiraz, ~ p. 10 ※ SOURCE for Gulgir « Gulgir » in {map#1182 1000k Maps of South Asia, Survey of India in the India and Adjacent Countries series, , fig. Sheet No 010 Persia Arabia and Turkey (1915)} ※ SOURCE for Gurghir « AGHA MIHRAB-GURGHIR, 8 hours.Top of Murdafil Pass reached in about an hour. Long and weary descent on the other side, though easy going on the whole. Road follows the stream down until eventually the Tembih river is reached passing another Qaleh Madrasseh (caravanserai, camping-ground). Follows the Tembih river round the bottom of the Asmari mountain, then branches off to the S. to the camping-ground of Gurghir. A long (and hot) day. Height at Gurghir, 1480 feet. » #3530 Vita Sackville West, Twelve Days An Account of a Journey Across the Bakhtiari Mountains in South-Western Persia, Doubleday, Doran and Co.,, 1928 ~ p. 141 ※ SOURCE for Gurgir « Gurgir » in {map#1182 1000k Maps of South Asia, Survey of India in the India and Adjacent Countries series, , fig. Sheet No 010 Persia Arabia and Turkey (1915)a} Golm : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064661 coordinate: lat 28.910151 long 54.665564 NIMA/GNS names: Golm , گلم , VARIANT names: Golm , Gul , ※ SOURCE for Gul « After a short ascent over a stony spur it led us into a thickly wooded winding gorge, which we followed down to a spot known as Gul, where a small open space and a pool holding rain-water allowed us to camp after a total march of about 20 miles. After a night which brought a violent rain-storm and, at an elevation of 7,300 ft., a bitterly cold wind, the march was resumed northward. Badly ruined walls about Gul seemed to indicate the former existence of plantations and possibly of dwellings also. Moving over more open ground to the NW. we passed the wells of Duzdu and Chah-dimeh in hollows, marking summer camps of nomads. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 203 Golpayagan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064684 coordinate: lat 33.453702 long 50.288361 NIMA/GNS names: Golpayagan , Golpayegan , Gulpaigan , Shahr-e Golpayegan , گلپایگان , VARIANT names: Chulpaigan , Chutpaigan , Ghulpaigan , Golpayagan , Golpigan , Kulpadgun , ※ SOURCE for Chulpaigan « The 7th, eight p. to Golpigan, [Chulpaigan.] » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 218 ※ SOURCE for Chutpaigan « Chutpaigan » in {map#1327 Persia. J. and G. Menzies sculpt., Edinr. (Drawn and engraved for Thomson's New general atlas, 1817), Thomson, John, 1817, David Rumsey Map Collection List No: 1007.048 fig. } ※ SOURCE for Ghulpaigan « Ghulpaigan » in {map#410 Carte de Perse, Lisle, Guillaume de, 1675-1726; Covens et Mortier, 1742, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 4638.082} ※ SOURCE for Golpigan « The 7th, eight p. to Golpigan, [Chulpaigan.] » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 218 ※ SOURCE for Kulpadgun « Kulpadgun » in {map#1343 Reisen im Orient. von H. Petermann ; Nebst Einer Karte, Entworfen Von H. Kiepert. 2. Band, p. 243, 1861, } Golshan Caravanserai, Lar : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.682813 long 54.338579 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Golshan Caravanserai, Lar , Sara-ye Golshan, Lar , ※ SOURCE for Golshan Caravanserai, Lar Persian text: کاروانسرای نو (کاروانسرای گلشن) مربوط به دوره صفوی است و در قدیم لار، متری خروس، جنب بازار واقع شده و این اثر در تاریخ ۲۶ تیر ۱۳۵۷ با شمارهٔ ثبت ۱۶۱? به?عنوان یکی از آثار ملی ایران به ثبت رسیده است.[۱] The New Caravanserai (Golshan Caravanserai) belongs to the Safavid period and is located in old Lar, Metri Khoros, next to the market, and this work was registered as one of the national works of Iran on July 26, 1357 with registration number 1619.[1] online reference link [accessed 25 Feb 2024] ※ SOURCE for Sara-ye Golshan, Lar « Karavanserails in der Stadt Lar (Abb. ; 230) 161Lage: In der Stadt Lar, in + 800 m ü. N. N. (210 km süd- östlich von Djahrom). Es handelt sich um die aneinanderge- setzten Karavanserails Sara-ye Qadimi, Sara-ye Golshan und Sara-ye Maguli.Typ: Das Sara-ye Qadimi und das Sara-ye Golshan sind Hofkaravanserails ohne ausgebildete Iwane, aber mit Arka- dengängen vor den Räumen. Das Sara-ye Golshan hat einen vorgezogenen Portalbau. Der Hof des Sara-ye Maguli ist auf drei Seiten von Räumen umgeben. [Caravanserails in the city of Lar (Fig. ; 230) 161Location: In the town of Lar, at + 800 m above sea level. N. N. (210 km south-east of Djahrom). These are the connected caravanserails Sara-ye Qadimi, Sara-ye Golshan and Sara-ye Maguli.Type: The Sara-ye Qadimi and the Sara-ye Golshan are court caravan serails without trained iwans, but with arcades in front of the rooms. The Sara-ye Golshan has an advanced portal construction. The courtyard of Sara-ye Maguli is surrounded by rooms on three sides.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 128 Golzar-e Shohada-ye Eslamabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CMTY UFI: 10069550 coordinate: lat 28.7205 long 53.8505 NIMA/GNS names: Golzar-e Shohada-ye Eslamabad , Golzar-e Shohada-ye Mian Deh , گلزار شهدای اسلام آباد , گلزار شهدای میان ده , VARIANT names: Golzar-e Shohada-ye Eslamabad , Gombidu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 9163 coordinate: lat 27.9481 long 52.4291 NIMA/GNS names: Ganbidu , Gombidu , Gonbadu , Gonbidu , گمبیدو , گنبدو , گنبيدو , گنبيدو , VARIANT names: Gombidu , Gombidu fortress : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.95245 long 52.437139 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gombidu fortress , Gonabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064774 coordinate: lat 34.352865 long 58.683647 NIMA/GNS names: Gonabad , Gunabad , Juymand , گناباد , VARIANT names: Gonabad , Gonbad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064781 coordinate: lat 28.9692 long 52.0368 NIMA/GNS names: Gombaz , Gonbad , Gunbad , گنبد , VARIANT names: Gonbad , Googad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065077 coordinate: lat 33.475577 long 50.352491 NIMA/GNS names: Googad , Gugad , Guged , گوگد , VARIANT names: Cogga , Googad , Guged , Kouhgird , ※ SOURCE for Cogga « December 20. We rose from Deharaban and lay at Cogga: » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 214 ※ SOURCE for Guged « Guged » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt Khuzestan, Boyerahmad va Kohgiluyeh, Caharmahal va Bakhtiari und Esfahan} ※ SOURCE for Kouhgird « Kouhgird » in {map#1345 in #3345 Siroux, Maxime, Anciennes voies et monuments routiers de la région d'Ispahân, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1971 ~ fig. Anciennes Routes vers Ispahan} Gor Safed : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3376888 coordinate: lat 33.9705556 long 62.1047222 NIMA/GNS names: Gor Safed , Gur Safid , Gur Sefid , VARIANT names: Ghor-i-Sufed , Gor Safed , ※ SOURCE for Ghor-i-Sufed « 33. Ghor-i-Sufed (8 miles-372 miles).-Water, forage and grass sufficient: succession of rolling undulations, which the road crosses at right angles; soil hard and gravelly. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10138 coordinate: lat 27.0533333 long 57 VARIANT names: Gorazu'iyeh , Gurazu , ※ SOURCE for Gurazu « Gurāzu گرازو [name] 7 miles south south-west of Minab Town. [position] 55 houses of Baluchis. [houses and inhabitants No irrigation, no cereals, 100 date trees. Animals are 2 camels, 2 donkeys and 20 cattle. Water is fairly good; it is obtained not from wells but from pits, 3 or 4 feet deep, dug in the ground. [remarks] » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1217 [From centre of Minab the above puts Gurāzu about 2 km east of modern Gorazuiyeh] « Beyond a narrow stretch of date-palm groves fringing this dry marsh bed, and belonging to the hamlet of Gurazu, there extends a line of low sandy terraces for about 800 yards from north-west to south-east. The site is thickly covered with broken pieces of burned bricks and pottery debris, and is known as Qalat-sarawan. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~ p. 185 see British Museum at online reference link « This ware was almost certainly shipped across the Strait of Hormuz from a centre of production in the Minab area. Both stamped and moulded pottery was made at Qalat- Sarawan, near Gurazu, some ten miles south of Minab (79) and precise parallels are known from there for the roulette stamped ware from such Omani sites as Old Ghubb Ali, Dabshun, Khasab and Qabal. It should be noted that no moulded wares were found in either northern Oman or in the regions across the border and this kind of ware appears to have had a purely inland distribution on the Iranian mainland (80) » #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vita-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.), new series ~ p. 64 Gorg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068600 coordinate: lat 29.435 long 59.683333 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh-ye Kahurak , Gaurak , Gorg , Gurak , Kahurak , Kahurarark , VARIANT names: Gorg , Gurg , ※ SOURCE for Gurg « From Fahraj to Sekuha in Sistan is from 225 to 230 miles. Our camp at Tum-i-reg was pitched just 11 miles on the road. From that point our marches were - Shor Gez, 22 miles Ε.Χ.Ε.; Gurg, 35 miles S.E., » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 68 Goshneh Kan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10030146 coordinate: lat 29.4993 long 52.8804 NIMA/GNS names: Goshneh Kan , گشنه کان , VARIANT names: Goshneh Kan , Gushnakan , ※ SOURCE for Gushnakan « Gushnakan » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Gotab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064924 coordinate: lat 27.136575 long 54.269071 NIMA/GNS names: Gotab , Gotav , Gutab , Gutu , Kotav , گتاب , گتاو , گتاو , کتاو , VARIANT names: Gato , Gotab , Gutu , ※ SOURCE for Gato « Gato » in {map#1214 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Parts of Persia and Arabia, Surveyor General of India, , University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet 18 1908} ※ SOURCE for Gutu « Gutu » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lingeh G-40 G 1941} Govardan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064939 coordinate: lat 27.08172 long 54.533205 NIMA/GNS names: Govardan , Goverdan , Gurdan , گوردان , VARIANT names: Govardan , Gowd-e Ahmar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064965 coordinate: lat 30.064477 long 55.879246 NIMA/GNS names: Deh-e Shur , Gaud-i-Ahmar , Gowd Ahmad-e `Olya , Gowd Ahmad-e Bala , Gowd Ahmar Olya va Sofla , Gowd Ahmar-e Sofla , Gowd-e Ahmad , Gowd-e Ahmar , Gud Ahmar , ده شور , گود احمر سفلی , VARIANT names: Gaud Ahmar , God-i-Ahmar , Gowd-e Ahmar , ※ SOURCE for Gaud Ahmar « We were, however, but four miles from Gaud Ahmar or Red Hollow, so termed from the pink colour of the soil. In the vicinity are turquoise mines, some of which are close to the Páriz road, and others twenty miles to the north of Shahr-i-Bábek, but the pits dug in the hillside have been filled up by silt. It would appear that the industry was by no means a paying one, the quality of the stones being poor. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 74 « At nightfall there was a thundering at the door of the house, which proved to be a message from the Governor-General, who wrote that he had only just heard of my being at Páriz, which he had quitted early in the morning, and that he was staying for a couple of days at Gaud Ahmar, » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 75 « I then retraced my steps to Gaud Ahmar, whence I struck due west. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 77 ※ SOURCE for God-i-Ahmar « and when we reached God-i-Ahmar, we found it a hollow surrounded by red hills. Here a pleasure-house had been built by one Ismail Khan, some time a great man in Rafsinjan and Pariz ; but he had died twelve years ago, and his sons were wasting the property, as is usual. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 189 Gowd-e Zagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10379729 coordinate: lat 28.6794 long 52.9982 NIMA/GNS names: Gowd-e Zagh , گود زاغ , VARIANT names: Gowd-e Zagh , Simeh Kun , Sime-Khou , ※ SOURCE for Simeh Kun « Simeh Kun in route Lingah to Shiraz» #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 344 ※ SOURCE for Sime-Khou « Simè-Khou 7 Farsangs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 vol. 2 p. 491 Gowdi Sar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064999 coordinate: lat 31.468056 long 50.461667 NIMA/GNS names: Gowdi Sar , گودی سر , VARIANT names: Gowdi Sar , Gowdiz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065000 coordinate: lat 30.266675 long 57.757313 NIMA/GNS names: Gowdiz , Gudis , Gudiz , گودیز , VARIANT names: Gowdiz , Gowk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 227151 coordinate: lat 29.885 long 57.7305 NIMA/GNS names: Golbaf , Gowg , Gowk , Guk , گلباف , VARIANT names: Gowk , Gowri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072520 coordinate: lat 28.1807 long 52.3296 NIMA/GNS names: Gowri , Guri , Kuri , گوری , VARIANT names: Gabr , Gabri , Gahori , Gaouri , Gauri , Gowri , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Gowri FOR Kabrin [Le Strange], ※ SOURCE for Gabr « La piste se poursuit anouveau a travers une region montagneuse a pentes raides et rocailleuses. Avant d'arriver dans la plaine de Dizgah, signalons, au nord de l'endroit appele Sayar Ghaib, les rumes d'une forteresse, vraisemblablement sassanide, nommee Gabr-i Dukhtar, et, 1 km. au nord du village Gabr ou Gauri, qui se trouve dej adans le buluk ou la plaine de Dizgah, un tepe assez eleve du nom de Tall-i Gabri. A l'epoque ancienne, la route franchissait, pres de Sayar Ghaib, Ie Qarah Aghadj ou Mand, Ie Sitakos d'Arrien; on voit encore a Gabr, les restes d'un pont ancien. [The trail continues again through a mountainous region with steep and rocky slopes. Before reaching the plain of Dizgah, let us point out, to the north of the place called Sayar Ghaib, the rumors of a fortress, probably Sassanid, named Gabr-i Dukhtar, and, 1 km. to the north of the village Gabr or Gauri, which is already in the buluk or plain of Dizgah, a fairly high tepe called Tall-i Gabri. In ancient times, the road crossed, near Sayar Ghaib, the Qarah Aghadj or Mand, the Sitakos of Arrian; one can still see at Gabr, the remains of an ancient bridge.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 171 ※ SOURCE for Gabri « Gabri » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} « Gabri » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad H-39W 1948} ※ SOURCE for Gahori « Gahori » in {map#1146 Bushire and Surrounding Area, , , British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/728, f 30, in Qatar Digital Library fig. Bushire and Surrounding Area} ※ SOURCE for Gaouri « Dar ol-Mizan à Gaouri, 41 kilomètres (lundi 4 mars). A Dihak, une jolie petite caver. »#3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 122 ※ SOURCE for Gauri « Avant d'arriver dans la plaine de Dizgāh, signalons, au nord de l'endroit appelé Savar Ghaib, les ruines d'une forteresse, vraisemblablement sassanide, nommée Gabr-i Dukhtar, et, 1 km. au nord du village Gabr ou Gauri, qui se trouve déjà dans le bulūk ou la plaine de Dizgāh, un tépé assez élevé du nom de Tall-i Gabri. [Before arriving in the plain of Dizgāh, let us point out, to the north of the place called Savar Ghaib, the ruins of a fortress, probably Sasanian, named Gabr-i Dukhtar, and, 1 km. north of the village Gabr or Gauri, which is already in the bulūk or the plain of Dizgāh, a fairly high tép called Tall-i Gabri.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 171 Great Quoin : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -786283 coordinate: lat 26.503626 long 56.510582 NIMA/GNS names: As Salama Island , As Salamah , Banat Salami , Great Quoin , Jazirat as Salamah , Jazirat Salamah , Jazireh-ye Qovan-e Bozorg , Jazireh-ye Salameh , Mumar , Quoin Island , Salamiyeh , جزيرة سلامة , VARIANT names: As Salamah , Çalemas , de Leest , Great Quoin , Jazirat Quwayn al Kabir , Salamas , Sa-la-mo hsü , ※ SOURCE for As Salamah « 13.6 As Salamah (Great Quoin) (26°30'N., 56°30'E.) is a wedgeshaped islet with the vertical side at its SE end. Landing can be made on its NW side. A reef, with a least depth of 3.7m, extends about 0.2 mile S from the islet; a detached above-water rock lies almost 91m from the N side of the islet. 13.6 The Inshore Traffic Zone for the Traffic Separation Scheme in the Strait of Hormuz encompasses the islands mentioned above, and may best be seen on the chart. 13.6 Tidal currents in the vicinity of As Salamah wa Banat-ha set NW and SE, attaining a rate of 3 to 4 knots at springs. Near Kachalu and Jazirat Tawakkul, their rate is strongest and they cause broken water. 13.6 In calm weather, at springs, the noise of the rips caused by these currents can be heard at a considerable distance. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p.275 ※ SOURCE for Çalemas « Çalemas » in #1644 Livro de Lisuarte de Abreu, Comissão Nacional para as Comemorações dos Descobrimentos Portugueses, Lisboa, 1992 ~ illustration f.83v-84, centre left of latter folio ※ SOURCE for de Leest From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « From here one sees in N. N. E. direction the small islands 'de Leest (15), Lessenaren (16), /and/ Doodkist (17) which are situated at about 3½ miles off shore (18). The depth on the S. W. side of /the islands of/ 'de Leest' is 53 to 65 fathoms /over/ coarse sand ground. Three miles East off the Western corner of the bay of Comzaar an island (19) is situated which is on the corner (20) of Cape Mosandon. The Northern corner of this island lies at 26 degrees, 24 minutes Northern latitude. The depth there is 70 fathoms sand ground.fn. 15 The Last. fn. 16 The Lectern. fn. 17 The Coffin. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 299 Great Quoin «De Leeft» in {map#391 Map of part of the Persian Gulf from Mascate to Pt. Doggeby, Isaac de Graaff, 1666, Nationaal Archief, The Hague, 4. VEL 222} ※ SOURCE for Great Quoin « THE QUOIN'S are three small islets or rocks to the northward of Ras Moosendom, so named by Europeans from two of them being formed like a wedge or quoin; the Arabs call the Great Quoin, Benatha, or Mamma Salama, and the Little Quoin, Ben Salama; Salama signifying Salutation or Welcome, and Mamma, and Ben, their relative size. The Great Quoin is in lat. 26° 30' N., Ion. 56° 34' E., bearing from Cape Great Quoin. Moosendom N. ¼ W., distant 6¾ miles; it is between 200 and 300 feet high, with its steep side facing the N.W. The Little Quoin bears from the Great Quoin S.E. ¾ S., distant nearly 2 miles; and Gap Islet, the smallest of the three, bears from the Great Quoin E.S.E., distant nearly one mile. They have 45 fathoms water close to, with safe passages between them; but these being narrow, with irregular currents, large ships ought not to pass between the Quoins, except in case of necessity. Between the Little Quoin and the cape, there are from 70 to 100 fathoms, over rocks; and on this coast where the high land fronts the sea, the soundings increase from the opposite or Persian Coast, where they are comparatively shoal. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ vol. 1 ed. 6 p. 381 ※ SOURCE for Jazirat Quwayn al Kabir « There are (or were) feral goats on Bu Rashid (Tawakkul). The speed and volume of small boat traffic apparently disturbs feeding flocks of Phalacrocorax nigrogularis significantly. Oil pollution from tanker washings is frequent despite the efforts of Coastguards to prevent violation of the international maritime legislation to which Oman is a signatory; the site lies next to a major tanker lane. Six of the seven most important islands for breeding birds are proposed National Nature Reserves (totalling 630 ha), as follows (proposed areas include sea and sublittoral habitat 200 m beyond low water mark): Jazirat Abu Sir (Jazirat Fujar, 150 ha), Jazirat al Khayl (Jazirat Kun, 300 ha), Bu Rashid (Tawakkul, As Suwayq, 50 ha), Jazirat as Salamah (Jazirat Quwayn al Kabir, 60 ha), Fanaku (20 ha) and Jazirat Umm al Fayyarin (50 ha). The seventh such island, Jazirat Lima (c.40 ha), is not part of a proposed Nature Conservation Area. » BirdLife International (2023) Important Bird Areas factsheet: Musandam islands. at online reference link (accessed:30 Apr 2023). ※ SOURCE for Salamas « SALAMAS, ilhas - Os ilhéus Salamah·Wa-Binat-Ha, em 26° 30' lat. N. e 56° 33' longo E., nu estreito de Ormuz. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 128 ※ SOURCE for Sa-la-mo hsü « 509 As Salama, Great Quoin, island, 26° 30' N, off the east coast of Arabia. [f. 22] » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 1 p. 214 NIMA/GNS feature: ISL independent coordinate: lat 26.2652953380687 long 55.304659607459 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Fomon , Great Tunb , Greater Tunb , Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Bozorg , Jezt Tanb , Petombo , Raze I. , Tabiana , Tomon , Tunb al Kubra , Tunb Buzurq , ※ SOURCE for Fomon « In approximately 1518, the Portuguese navigator Duarte Barbosa counted among the possessions of the principality of Hormuz an island called Fomon, which island, entitled in a later Spanish edition of Barbosa's work as Tomon, has been identified as Great Tonb.(34) Neither Fomon nor Tomon seems to have a meaning in Persian, Arabic, Portuguese or Spanish. There is evidence to suggest that Fomon and Tomon may have been, respectively, the corruption of the Persian term folfolmun, a wild mint, or folfol, meaning pepper and also referring to the betel nut, and tambul, meaning betel, consumed as an exhilarant in the form of pan by people in India and elsewhere.(35) fn. 34. Barbosa, Book of Duarte Barbosa, 79-82. fn. 35. See discussion below in section V.» #761 Mirfendereski, Guive, The Toponymy of the Tonb Islands, Journal of the Society for Iranian Studies, Michigan, ~ p. 303 ※ SOURCE for Great Tunb « GREAT TUMB, in lat. 26° 17' N. lon. 55° 24' E., is a low level Island about 3 miles long with some trees on it, distant 4 or 44 leagues south of the S. W. end of Kishm, and Great Tamb. may be seen about 5 or 6 leagues from the deck of a large ship. A ship may approach this island within or a mile, and find tolerable anchorage under it during a N. Wester: a bank projects 3 or 4 miles to the southward, not dangerous, as there is not less than 7 or 8 fathoms on it, except near the shore. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ pp. 259-260 ※ SOURCE for Greater Tunb The Greater Tunb Island (called Tunb al Kubra in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Bozorg in Persian by Iran) « TONB (GREATER AND LESSER), two tiny islands of arguable strategic importance in the eastern Persian Gulf, south of the western tip of Qešm island. They are referred to as Tonb-e Bozorg (26°15' N, 55°18' E) and Tonb-e Kucak (26°14´ N, 55°08' E) in Tehran,Ṭunb Kubrā (orṬunb) andṬunb Suḡrā (NabiṬunb) in the Arab capitals. The most common name variations areṬonb and Tomb,… Previously the name was written by the British as Tomb, Tamb, Tumb. » #1189 Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.), Encyclopaedia Iranica, online edition, 2012, online reference link (accessed on 29 March 2023). ※ SOURCE for Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Bozorg The Greater Tunb Island (called Tunb al Kubra in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Bozorg in Persian by Iran) ※ SOURCE for Jezt Tanb « Jezt Tanb » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} ※ SOURCE for Petombo « Petombo » in {map#997 [Carte anglaise du golfe Persique] / Made by John Thornton at the Signe of the Platt in the Minories, John Thornton, 1699, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 5 RES} see AHduGP map 87 ※ SOURCE for Raze I. « I. Raze » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 ※ SOURCE for Tabiana In 326 B.C. Alexander the Great's fleet raised anchor from Oarakta (Qeshm) Island and moored at "another island" before passing by a desert island named Pylora (Farur).(13) This "other island" has been identified as Great Tonb.(14) On the basis of circumstantial evidence and conjecture, it is concluded further that the Tonbs correspond to the ancient Tabiana, described by Ptolemy as "islands adjacent to Persidis [Fars]." (15) fn. 13. Arrian (d. A.D. 180), Historia Indika, bk. viii. ch. xxxvii, reprinted in E. Iliff Robson, trans. and ed., Arrian: History of Alexandre and Indica, The Loeb Classical Library (London: William Heinemann. 1949), 2:414-17. fn. 14. See William Vincent, The Voyage of Nearchus from the Indus to the Euphrates (1797) reprinted in idem, The Commerce and Navigation of the Ancients in the Indian Ocean (London: Cadell and Davies, 1807), 1:356-57. fn. 15. Claudius Ptolemaeus (d. A.D. 168), Geographia (Amsterdam: Theatrum Orbis Ter- rarum, 1969), Tabula Sexta Asiae (Sixth Map of Asia) and bk. six, ch. iv. A 19th- century map depicted two islands named Tabiana at the entrance to the Persian Gulf slightly eastward of two other islands identified as Pylora and Fora (the Farurs). See D. Campio (litho.). "Arabia et Arabicus Sinus" (Nurenberg, 1829), in Christen Got- tlieb Reichard, Orbis Terrarum Antiquus (Nurenberg: Freidrich Campe, 1819-1831), map no. 16. The name Tabiana may have derived from the Latin word tabeo, meaning "to waste away." See D. P. Simpson, ed., Cassell's New Compact Latin Dictionary (New York: Dell Publishing Co., 1963), 220. It may be that in antiquity the Tonbs were seen in relation to the Tab River (mod. Hindiyan) flowing into the Persian Gulf in the southwest of Fars. See Wilson, The Persian Gulf, 6, 41, 50, 71-73. ※ SOURCE for Tomon « In approximately 1518, the Portuguese navigator Duarte Barbosa counted among the possessions of the principality of Hormuz an island called Fomon, which island, entitled in a later Spanish edition of Barbosa's work as Tomon, has been identified as Great Tonb.(34) Neither Fomon nor Tomon seems to have a meaning in Persian, Arabic, Portuguese or Spanish. There is evidence to suggest that Fomon and Tomon may have been, respectively, the corruption of the Persian term folfolmun, a wild mint, or folfol, meaning pepper and also referring to the betel nut, and tambul, meaning betel, consumed as an exhilarant in the form of pan by people in India and elsewhere.(35) fn. 34. Barbosa, Book of Duarte Barbosa, 79-82. fn. 35. See discussion below in section V.» #761 Mirfendereski, Guive, The Toponymy of the Tonb Islands, Journal of the Society for Iranian Studies, Michigan, ~ p. 303 « The Tunbs are mentioned by the Portuguese author Duarte Barbosa in his description of the Inner Gulf (ca. 1518) as Fomon (read Tomon = Tunb) as amongst those islands dependent on the nominal Arab ruler in Hurmuz [q.v.]. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 10 p. 624 « The Tunbs are mentioned by the Portuguese author Duarte Barbosa in his description of the Inner Gulf (ca. 1518) as Fomon (read Tomon = Tunb) as amongst those islands dependent on the nominal Arab ruler in Hurmuz [q.v.]. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 10 p. 624 ※ SOURCE for Tunb al Kubra The Greater Tunb Island (called Tunb al Kubra in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Bozorg in Persian by Iran) ※ SOURCE for Tunb Buzurq « TONB (GREATER AND LESSER), two tiny islands of arguable strategic importance in the eastern Persian Gulf, south of the western tip of Qešm island. They are referred to as Tonb-e Bozorg (26°15' N, 55°18' E) and Tonb-e Kucak (26°14´ N, 55°08' E) in Tehran,Ṭunb Kubrā (orṬunb) andṬunb Suḡrā (NabiṬunb) in the Arab capitals. The most common name variations areṬonb and Tomb, and there are other combinations of t/ta+a/o/u+n/m+/-b. Previously the name was written by the British as Tomb, Tamb, Tumb. » #1189 Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.), Encyclopaedia Iranica, online edition, 2012, at online reference link (accessed: 29 March 2023). Gudar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064962 coordinate: lat 29.7462 long 57.2536 NIMA/GNS names: Gowdar , Gudar , Guder , گودر , VARIANT names: Gudar , ※ SOURCE for Gudar #1103 p113 Gudar-i- Sarbizan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3082587 coordinate: lat 29.0964 long 57.5469 NIMA/GNS names: Godar-e Sar Bizan , Godar-e Sar Bizhan , Godar-e Sar Piran , Godar-e Sarbostan , Gudar-i-Sarbizan , گدار سر بی?ن , VARIANT names: Gudar-i- Sarbizan , Sarbizan Pass , ※ SOURCE for Sarbizan Pass #1103 p113 Gudar-i-Dukhteh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3061421 coordinate: lat 30 long 56.716667 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Dokhtar , Godar-e Dokhtar , Gudar-i-Dukhteh , Gudar-i-Dukteh , VARIANT names: Gudar-i-Dukhteh , ※ SOURCE for Gudar-i-Dukhteh « Our mules having passed us, we followed them across the hills, which are very rugged, there being two passes, known as the Gudár- i-Dukhtar, both of which have an elevation of 7200 feet above the sea. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 73 Gudar-i-Muhammad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 35.70736 long 59.395348 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gudar-i-Muhammad , ※ SOURCE for Gudar-i-Muhammad « Gudar-i-Muhammad » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. I-40F Turbat-I-Haidari} Gudar-pahan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.55842 long 47.634194 † basis (unknown) Supplement: approximate possible location based on Stein's directions below. VARIANT names: Gudar-pahan , ※ SOURCE for Gudar-pahan « At Gudar-pahan, in the centre of Koh-i-dasht, where the castle occupied by N azar 'Ali Khan stands, I received a hearty welcome from his nephew Amanullah Khan. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 257 « My first visit was paid to a site called Qat a-z'-gauri, 'the Fort of the Gabrs (Zoroastrians) ', reached after a 2-!-mile march to the north-west of Gudar-pahan. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 258 « A third mound 2 miles to the south of Gudar-pahan known as Chigha-ahii, 'the Mound of the Antelopes', small and of a perfectly conical shape, » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 260 « Chigha-pahan (Fig. 78). It lies at an elevation of 3900 feet, close on 3 miles to the south-east of Gudar-pahan, to the west of a drainage bed which receives most of the drainage from the high range on the north. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 261 Gugerd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3063947 coordinate: lat 31.557666 long 49.386239 NIMA/GNS names: Gazin , Gazin Camp , Gugerd , گزین , VARIANT names: Gugerd , Gul Shan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064693 coordinate: lat 26.844376 long 54.096211 NIMA/GNS names: Golshan , Golshan Valley , Gul Shan , گلشن , گلشن ولی , VARIANT names: Goolshan , Gul Shan , ※ SOURCE for Goolshan « Goolshan » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Gul Zardeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194773 coordinate: lat 29.85 long 51.9 NIMA/GNS names: Gol Zard , Gul Zardeh , VARIANT names: Gul Zardeh , Gulistan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.169579 long 56.177928 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gulistan , ※ SOURCE for Gulistan « Gulistan » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Bandar_Abbas G-40C 1942} « At 7 miles the date grove of Gulistan, south of the road; a little fresh water is here obtainable from wells. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 27 « At 6 miles 4 furlongs we cross a dry, shallow water-course, about 60 yards broad, emptying into the sea. Another 14 miles, and we come to a large date grove, and 3 or 4 mat houses, named "Gulistan," immediately to south of the track. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 37 Gulnabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6012687 coordinate: lat 32.665212 long 51.898851 NIMA/GNS names: Golonabad , Golunabad , Gulnabad , Jilanabad , Qal`eh-ye Golnabad , جیلان آباد , VARIANT names: Gulnabad , Gulnabat , ※ SOURCE for Gulnabat « Wir verbrachten den 21. Julii, mit ei ner Reise von dreyen Meilen/und blieben im Dorffe Gulnabat. [We spent the 21st of July, with a journey of three miles, and stayed in the village of Gulnabat.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 61 Gulukuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194771 coordinate: lat 28.632232 long 55.257754 NIMA/GNS names: Gav Kuh , Goli Ku , Goli Kuh , Gulukuh , گلی کو , گلی کوه , VARIANT names: Guloo Kuh , Gulukuh , ※ SOURCE for Guloo Kuh « At 12 miles a road from Sirjun joins it. At 13 miles pass a curious-looking rock standing up by itself, and passing it turn sharp to the left on to some open ground in the hills on the left and halt at Guloo Kuh. Time, about 5 hours and 10 minut Road fair and passable to all arms except at the 8th mil... Guloo Kuh is a cold weather encamping ground of Persian Iliyats. There are here 180 men. Fifteen horses, 200 donkeys, 500 sheep, 1,000 goats. Water is obtained from wells south-west of the camp. This is the head-quarters of a nomad tribe; their Khan is Ameer Kuli Khan, a drunken, dissolute man. The people are great robbers. This place has been visited by Yusef Khan and his brother Asheraf Khan, both of whom are Russian Armenians, who belong to a firm at Sabzawar, but have been trading recently at Bander Abbas. Their whole party consisted of 5 men, and the people here say that they were buying up walnut trees, cutting them down and conveying them to the sea coast. Also it is said they owned bullocks which they brought to Guloo Kuh to graze. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 18-19 ※ SOURCE for Gulukuh « 17 GULU KUH 13 m. General direction N. The road is good, descending gently over open ground which falls away from the hills left in the last stage.... At 10 miles it crosses a nālā. At 12¼ miles a road from Sirjan joins in. At 13 miles a curious looking rock standing by itself is passed, and then the route turns sharp to the left on to some open ground in the hills on the left to the halting place of Gulu Küh at 13 miles. This is a cold weather encampment of the Persian Iliats » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 40 Gunbad-Qala : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: Gombeslala , Gumbazellello , Gunbad-Qala , ※ SOURCE for Gombeslala « Gombeslala » in {map#1323 Itinéraire de Perse d'Ispaham à Siras, de Siras à Lar, et de Lar à Gombru prés d'Ormus / dressé sur la relation de Pietro della Vallé par P. Du-Val, , , fig. } « On passe à mi-chemin un château de terre, flan-qué de quatre tours, qui n'est pas fort ruiné, quoiqu'il soit tout abandonné. On l'appelle Gom-bes lalà (2), parce qu'il est vis-à-vis d'une sépul-ture de saint, qui est sous un dôme; et l'on ap-pelle un dôme Gombes, en persan.fn. 2 Gombez lálá: le premier mot est arabe et signifie une voûte. et une coupole; il désigne aussi par extension une chapelle sépul-crale. On peut voir sur ce mot lala le tome Ier, pag. 6o, not. The-venot écrit gombez cala; gombez est le synonyme persan du ruot arabe qoubbéh; mais cala est une faute. (L-s.) [Halfway along, we pass an earthen castle, flanked by four towers, which is not very ruined, although it is completely abandoned. It is called Gom-bes lalà (2), because it is opposite a saint's tomb, which is under a dome; and a dome is called Gombes in Persian.fn. 2 Gombez lálá: the first word is Arabic and means a vault and a dome; it also designates, by extension, a sepulchral chapel. We can see this word lala in volume 1, page 60, note. The-venot writes gombez cala; gombez is the Persian synonym for the Arabic ruot qoubbéh; but cala is a mistake. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 220 ※ SOURCE for Gumbazellello « and next to Degardom, eight leagues from which place, (and neerer Tendycaus) we rode over afteepe Mountaine of black fhining Marble, (and where are Quarries of Serpentine and Porphyre, if the earth were lookt into) the defcent was ſo percipicious, that but by ragged ſteps and thoſe not a little dangerous, was no riding downe: howbeit downe we got, and that night rode to Gumbazellello famous in a Carvanforaw and the best wheat bread in Perfia:) » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 148 ※ SOURCE for Gunbad-Qala « Afterwards, one passed a little castle called Gunbad-Qal'a, where there was also a ruined village; Speelman calls it a small village, in which a few families only lived. It was an old fortress, with a tomb in which a holy man named Imāmzāda Muhammad Hājji was buried, providing the reason for its name (gunbad "dome"). The latter is confirmed by Chardin, who like Tavernier, also referred to a ruined castle with four towers. Kaempfer men-tioned the dilapidated fortress, which had good water, and was inhabited by some Lurs and a recently arrived rähdär. (52) The Dutch embassy in 1691 considered Gunbad-Qal'a to be a miserable karavansaray, which formerly had been a resort of rebels. Also, close by it was a square old tomb with an Imāmzāda, still partly tiled. The water was of reasonable quality. (53) The rebellion referred to must have taken place after July 1645, for Winninx mentions the stronghold as having been built a few years previously in order to provide security for travellers, because the area had been infested with bandits. (54)fn. 52 Speelman, pp. 125-6 (Gommesella; Mansada Mahometh Hasi; Gombes = dome); Thevenot, vol. II, p. 121 (Chotali-Naar-Schekeni; Gombez Cala); Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 91 (Gumber allalah); Winninx, 31 July (Combazala); via the mountain Naatsikan; Valentijn, vol. V, p. 260 (Combesilala); Tavernier, p. 295 (Kotel innal tekeheni; Gombeslala); Herbert, p. 118 (Gumbazelello) ascribed the best wheaten-bread to this town; Chardin, vol. VIII, p. 220 (Gombes lala).fn. 53 Valentijn, vol. V, p. 260; LeBrun, p. 308 (Gombes-Lala) a very small village.fn. 54 Winninx, 31 July. » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 72 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 21.049742 long 58.81157 † basis (unknown) VARIANT names: goubo , guoba , guobaa , ※ SOURCE for goubo located after headland north of Masirah in {map#918 f. 16r: A map of the eastern coast of Africa, the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf, …, Diogo Homem, 1555-1559, British Library,The Queen Mary Atlas, Add MS 5415 A} with estimated map coordinates 21.049742, 58.81157 ※ SOURCE for guoba north of Masirah island headland in {map#935 Chart of the Red Sea and Persian Gulf, Gaspar Viegas, 1537, Biblioteca Riccardiana, Firenze} see PMC vol. 1 EST 50C with estimated map coordinates 21.049742, 58.81157 ※ SOURCE for guobaa in same atlas as « guoba » but with an extra a perhaps a typographical error in {map#936 Chart of the Red Sea and Persian Gulf, Gaspar Viegas, 1537, Archivio di Stato, Firenze, CN 17} see PMC vol.1 EST 50D with estimated map coordinates 21.049742, 58.81157 Gur Kushi (J30) ? : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.971572 long 52.393364 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: unable to determine exact location as details in text are minimal. this site has a ruined building (≃ 25x25m) and another (≃ 17x4m) which might fit the text VARIANT names: Gur Kushi (J30) ? , ※ SOURCE for Gur Kushi (J30) ? « Gur Kushi (J30) is a high terrace about two kilometres into the long gorge behind Berku leaving the Dar al-Mizan valley. There are at least four dry stone structures (one measured 25 m2 and another 15 x 5 m) and a cemetery. Ceramics suggest a Sasanian-Early Islamic date for at least part of this occupation. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ pp. 92-3 Gurak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065134 coordinate: lat 28.9458 long 51.0528 NIMA/GNS names: Goorak , Gurak , Gurak Sadat , Kurak , Ma`na'i , Mahani , كورك , گرك , گورك , گورک سادات , معنائی , VARIANT names: Gourek , Gurak , ※ SOURCE for Gourek « 6. Gourek.Le petit hameau de Gourek eut de l'importance pendant la grande guerre de 1914-1918. C'est ici que Wassmuss établit son quartier général en été 1915 et le village fut le siège de délibérations importantes entre les khans. Environ 600 hommes armées de Cheikh Hossein, de Zeir Khezer et de Raïs "Ali y furent assemblés et un ultimatum envoyé aux Anglais de libérer les Allemands qu'ils avaient fait prisonniers et d'évacuer Bouchir.Dans la suite, Gourek fut fortifié et bombardé par les Anglais au cours de leur attaque du 25 avril 1916 qui avait pour but la libération de leurs compatriotes de Chiraz que Wassmuss gardait, pendant près d'un an, comme prisonniers à Ahram. Cependant, les Anglais ne parvinrent qu'à Tehagha- dek, qu'ils brûlèrent, avant de se retirer. [The small hamlet of Gourek was important during the great war of 1914-1918. It was here that Wassmuss established his headquarters in the summer of 1915 and the village was the site of important deliberations between the khans. Around 600 men armed with Cheikh Hossein, Zeir Khezer and Raïs "Ali were assembled there and an ultimatum sent to the English to release the Germans they had taken prisoner and to evacuate Bouchir. Subsequently, Gourek was fortified and bombarded by the English during their attack on April 25, 1916, which aimed to liberate their compatriots from Shiraz, which Wassmuss kept, for almost a year, as prisoners in Ahram. However, the English only reached Tehaghadek, which they burned, before withdrawing.In August 1916, Gourek was again chosen as the meeting place of the khans in their negotiations with the English of Bouchir.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ pp. 191-2 ※ SOURCE for Gurak « Telegram from Trevor, Dated 11th August,1916. (reed. 12:15p.m., 12th.) Urgent . Ahram prisoners. After considerable correspondence and two or three hitches exchange of prisoners was arranged for yesterday evening, 10th August. The basis of exchange and Sheikh was return of Zair Khadars tea plantations and Seikh Husain’s money and an assurance from me of removal of the restriction against unarmed travellers and merchandise cominginto and leaving Bushire by the Ahmedi road during daylight. Unfortunately one of Tangistani prisoners named Zair Hussain who had been sent to Bombay in error by Basra militarya uthorities had not arrived, and the Khans were rather incensed and insisted on keeping 0 T Connor pending his arrival.They accordingly took him back to Gurak. Ferguson Ayrton and Misso ( Imperial Bank of Persia) Smith (Indo-European Telegraph Department) and Livingstone(merchant) all came in safely late last night. They all look very well to a layman. Arn trying to get Kxxrxknxxa Z. H's. expedited. On his arrival think that there will no difficulty in getting O’Connor. Addressed to Cox, Basra, repeated to Teheran, foreign Department of the Government of India, Secretary of State forIndia, No. 1650 » File 334/1916 Pt 1 ‘German War – Persia. Shiraz Prisoners – Major O’Connor’ [?24r] (52/531), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/582, in Qatar Digital Library online reference link [accessed 4 Feb 2024] Guran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064760 coordinate: lat 26.7218 long 55.6187 NIMA/GNS names: Gombaran , Gomeran , Guran , گمبران , گمران , گوران , VARIANT names: Guran , ※ SOURCE for Guran « Between Gurán and Básidu are the following villages:- Cháhu, about 7 miles from Gurán, a small scattered village chiefly inhabited by fishermen, about half a mile from the coast, with a date grove to the N.W. of it; this place is opposite Kishkúh hill, already described, and there is a white tomb near it, which is seen from the strait. Dúlu and Tersai, two small villages, with date trees, about 3 miles from the last; the inhabitants are cultivators and fishermen. Kunársiya, a larger place, one mile from the last, and 94 from Básidu point, lies about a mile from the shore, and has a date grove north of it. Neither of these last three are seen from the strait. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 224 Gurband : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065153 coordinate: lat 27.3264 long 56.9795 NIMA/GNS names: Gavarbaad , Gavarband , Gurband , Qal`eh-ye Gurband , قلعۀ گوربند , گواربند , گوربد , گوربند , VARIANT names: Gurband , ※ SOURCE for Gurband ref302p98 #302 Carls, Hans-Georg, Alt-Hormoz, ein historischer Hafen an der Strasse von Hormoz (Iran) : Retrospekt und Prospekt zu einem ungelosten archaologischen, geographischen und orientalischen Problem, Minerva Publikation, Munich, 1982 ~ « 11-5 A.M. arrived at Gurband, a thriving village, with a large square káláh, which is gradually falling into ruin. Distance 15 miles » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 26 Gur-e Bahman : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: TMB UFI: 10068980 coordinate: lat 29.1517 long 52.6818 NIMA/GNS names: Gur-e Bahman , گور بهمن , VARIANT names: Gur-e Bahman , ※ SOURCE for Gur-e Bahman « On the farther side rises the Safidar range, 2000 feet high, still capped with snow. This we crossed by a defile opening unexpectedly between cliffs 150 feet high. It is called the pass of Gur Bahman, or Bahman's tomb. The tomb is a barrow of stones in the mouth of the defile. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 81 Gur-e Dokhtar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN independent coordinate: lat 29.216917 long 51.651111 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gur-e Dokhtar , ※ SOURCE for Gur-e Dokhtar « Gūr-e Dokhtar (the Maiden’s Tomb) stands in the Bozpar valley surrounded by hills 100 km southwest of Kazerun (figs. 1 ). No historical mention of such a tomb exists in ancient and medieval sources. Gūr-e Dokhtar consists of a rectangular chamber, 5.20 x 4.50 m, sitting on three receding plinths and capped with a gabled roof made of large stone slabs. The height of the monument is 4.45 meters. The tomb chamber, 207 x 220 x 160 cm, can be accessed by means of an entrance (89 cm high and 67 cm wide) on the north side. As Stronach has noticed, this situation is reminiscent of the location of the tomb of Cyrus the Great in the Pasargadae plain, facing a majestic gorge called Tang-e Bolaqi (Stronach, Pasargadae, p. 301). » at online reference link [accessed 09 Nov 2023] « Gur-e Dokhtar » in {map#1180 Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars, , , #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~} see online reference link [accessed 09 Nov 2023] Gushk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072640 coordinate: lat 28.760912 long 56.75553 NIMA/GNS names: Gushk , Gushk Bala , Kooshk `Olya , Kushk , Kushk-e `Olya , Kushk-e Bala , Qoshk-e Bala , کوشک , کوشک عليا , VARIANT names: Gushk , ※ SOURCE for Gushk « Gushk » in {map#1264 Routen im Sudlichen Persien aufgenommen 1879-1880, A. Houtum-Schindler, 1881, fig. } Gushkareh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3061874 coordinate: lat 33.148693 long 50.446265 NIMA/GNS names: Do Shakhkharat , Doosh Kharrat , Dowshkharat , Dush Kharrat , Dushkharat , Gush Kharad , Gushkareh , دو شخراط , VARIANT names: Gushkareh , Guyom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065291 coordinate: lat 29.8231 long 52.3946 NIMA/GNS names: Guyom , Guyum , گویم , VARIANT names: Guyom , Guyum , ※ SOURCE for Guyum « Although they follow several routes on the lower and upper parts of their migration, all must converge at a place called Guyum some twenty miles north of Shiraz, and a vulnerable spot. In Shiraz is their tribal headquarters, a palace occupied by four brothers who rule the tribe, and who can reach Guyum in less than hour by jeep. On the march the Kashghåy ride both horses and camels along the valley bottoms, while along the ridges to either side mounted men drive their seven million or so sheep, mostly fat-tailed. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 4 p. 9 Gwadar : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2761961 coordinate: lat 25.1155556 long 62.3283333 NIMA/GNS names: Gwadar , Gwadur , VARIANT names: Barna , Gwadar , Gwadel , K'o-wa-ta-erh , ※ SOURCE for Barna « H4 | Barna | CH | perhaps near Gwadar PAK | RE Badara » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ p.34 ※ SOURCE for Gwadel « Gwadel [n. Kewádir.? – E.] is a large and commodious bay, something similar to Arabah, being formed by a high projecting bluff or promontory, which runs out three or four miles into the sea, aud is called Rás Nó. The town is governed by a sheikh and is built on a low sandy soil; it contains about five or six hundred inhabitants, and carries on some trade with Karáchee Maskat, aud different ports in India. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, pp. 268-9 ※ SOURCE for K'o-wa-ta-erh « Gwadar town, 62° 19' N » #329 app. 2 p. 298 Gwadar East Bay : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -2761963 coordinate: lat 25.1897222 long 62.5675 NIMA/GNS names: Demi Zar , Demi Zarr , East Bay , Gwadar East Bay , VARIANT names: Gwadar East Bay , ※ SOURCE for Gwadar East Bay « Gwadel [n. Kewádir.? – E.] is a large and commodious bay, something similar to Arabah, being formed by a high projecting bluff or promontory, which runs out three or four miles into the sea, and is called Rás Nó. The town is governed by a sheikh and is built on a low sandy soil; it contains about five or six hundred inhabitants, and carries on some trade with Karáchee Maskat, aud different ports in India. The natives are hospitable, and the sheïkh sent us off a present of fifteen goats, aud a great quantity of milk; in return for which he had some of our powder, which pleased him very much. Nearchus anchored in this bay, which he calls Mosarna, and describes it as a safe haven, where many vessels might lie in perfect security “ Here,” he says also, “dwelt many fisherman in a village not far distant from the beach;” and he gives an accurate description of the point of land called Rás Nó, which forms the southern extremity of the bay, calling it "a certain high rocky promontory reaching 150 stadia into the sea.” Two very remarkable high hills are on the right on entering this bay; they are called Jebel Z’her and Jebel Moodee, have a whitish appearance, and can be seen at a great distance; they are thus very good land-marks for entering the harbour. Jebel Moodie cannot be mistaken when once seen; – it rises very abruptly from the centre, ending in a conical peak like a sugar-loaf, and is the most northern of the two, and higher than Jebel Z'her. We anchored in this bay in five and a half fathoms soft mud, about two miles from the town The bearings were, square tower of the town, N. 85º 30' W.; Rás Nó, S. 1º E.; Jebel Z'her N. 43º E.; Jebel Moodee, N. 22º 30' E. On the top of a hill, at the back of the town, we were informed by some of the natives that there was a fertile plain, and our curiosity led us to look for it, supposing, from the general barrenness of the country, that no such place could be in existence. Taking, therefore a guide with us, we left the town about three in the afternoon, and as soon as inc reached the foot of the hills we wound round a path on the side, and having gained the height of about three hundred feet, an immense cave opened to our view. Passing through this and climbing up a little farther all at once, as if by enchantment a beautiful and well-cultivated plain lay before us, four or five miles in circumference and surrounded by hills forming a complete amphitheatre. I was so struck with the singular and picturesque appearance of this spot that I remained for some time feasting my eyes with the luxuriant herbage and fields of corn with which the place abounded; and it was delightful to look once more upon the green vegetation after the sterile and arid waste which we had for such a length of time been in the habit of gazing on. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, pp. 268-9 Gwadar West Bay : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -2761965 coordinate: lat 25.1583333 long 62.175 NIMA/GNS names: Gwadar West Bay , Padi Zar , Padi Zarr , West Bay , VARIANT names: Gwadar West Bay , Gwatar Bay : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -3063765 coordinate: lat 25.1333333 long 61.6333333 NIMA/GNS names: Gavatar , Gawater Bay , Gwatar Bay , Khalij-e Gavater , Khalij-e- Govatar , VARIANT names: Gwatar Bay , NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 24.82 long 66.99 VARIANT names: Gynaikon Limen , ※ SOURCE for Gynaikon Limen Co-ordinates approx. #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ p. 5 H10 Rishahr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2855 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9166666666667 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H10 Rishahr , ※ SOURCE for H10 Rishahr « Other variants: none Details: The location of Rishahr is given by USBGN (448). No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H11 Rishahr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2855 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9166666666667 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H11 Rishahr , ※ SOURCE for H11 Rishahr « Other variants: none Details: See H10. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H12 Rishahr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2855 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9166666666667 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H12 Rishahr , ※ SOURCE for H12 Rishahr « Other variants: none Details: See H10. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H17 Rishahr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2855 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9166666666667 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H17 Rishahr , ※ SOURCE for H17 Rishahr « Other variants: none Details: See H10. No. of sherds: 154 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H18 Rishahr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2855 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9166666666667 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H18 Rishahr , ※ SOURCE for H18 Rishahr « Other variants: none Details: See H10. No. of sherds: 21 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H19 Rishahr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2855 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9166666666667 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H19 Rishahr , ※ SOURCE for H19 Rishahr « Other variants: none Details: See H10. No. of sherds: 51 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H2 Bushehr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2859 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9833333333333 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H2 Bushehr , ※ SOURCE for H2 Bushehr « Other variants: See H1 Details: See Hl. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H20 Rishahr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2855 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9166666666667 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H20 Rishahr , ※ SOURCE for H20 Rishahr « Other variants: none Details: See H10. No. of sherds: 309 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H21 Tangac : arch. site IRN UTM: 5053, 2856 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9333333333333 long 50.8833333333333 VARIANT names: H21 Tangac , ※ SOURCE for H21 Tangac « Other variants: Tangak, Tangak-e Safari Details: There is a small fort and village referred to as Tangak-e Safari located close to the edge of the Mashileh swamp, the position of which is given. However there are also two villages with the name Tangak located one and two miles to the south (Adamec, 1989: 735). No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H22 Tangac : arch. site IRN UTM: 5053, 2856 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9333333333333 long 50.8833333333333 VARIANT names: H22 Tangac , ※ SOURCE for H22 Tangac « Other variants: none Details: See H 21. No. of sherds: 11 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H23 Tangac : arch. site IRN UTM: 5053, 2856 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9333333333333 long 50.8833333333333 VARIANT names: H23 Tangac , ※ SOURCE for H23 Tangac « Other variants: none Details: See H 21. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H25 Gharibou : arch. site IRN UTM: 5053, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8833333333333 VARIANT names: H25 Gharibou , ※ SOURCE for H25 Gharibou « Other variants: Tangak-e Mohammad Ja'far Details: It is not possibie to identify the toponym Gharibou though Williamson States that "Gharibou, Tangac and next one all have same name today as Tangac" (Williamson, 1969-70: 215). The next town is Zangina therefore by a process of elimination the position of the town can be identified at Tangak-e Mohammad Ja'far (Adamec, 1989: Map Sheet 43-B). No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H26 Gharibou : arch. site IRN UTM: 5053, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8833333333333 VARIANT names: H26 Gharibou , ※ SOURCE for H26 Gharibou « Other variants: See H25 Details: See H25. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H27 Gharibou : arch. site IRN UTM: 5053, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8833333333333 VARIANT names: H27 Gharibou , ※ SOURCE for H27 Gharibou « Other variants: See H25 Details: See H25. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H28 Gharibou : arch. site IRN UTM: 5053, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8833333333333 VARIANT names: H28 Gharibou , ※ SOURCE for H28 Gharibou « Other variants: See H25 Details: See H25. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H29 Gharibou : arch. site IRN UTM: 5053, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8833333333333 VARIANT names: H29 Gharibou , ※ SOURCE for H29 Gharibou « Other variants: See H25 Details: See H25. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H3 Bushehr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2859 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9833333333333 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H3 Bushehr , ※ SOURCE for H3 Bushehr « Other variants: See H] Details: See H1, No. of sherds: 5 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H31 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H31 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H31 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: The location of Sabzabad is given as "6 miles South of Bushehr, 1 mile East of Rishahr foot and quarter of a mile South of Imamzadeh" (Adamec, 1989: 630). No. of sherds: 8 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H32 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H32 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H32 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: See H31. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H33 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H33 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H33 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: See H31. No. of sherds: 6 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H34 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H34 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H34 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: See H31. No. of sherds: 17 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H35 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H35 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H35 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: See H31. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H36 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H36 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H36 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: See H31. No. of sherds: 6 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H37 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H37 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H37 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: See H31. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H38 Gharibou : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H38 Gharibou , ※ SOURCE for H38 Gharibou « Other variants: See H25 Details: See H25. No. of sherds: 34 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H39 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H39 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H39 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: See H31. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H4 Bushehr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2859 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9833333333333 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H4 Bushehr , ※ SOURCE for H4 Bushehr « Other variants: See H1 Details: See HI. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H40 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H40 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H40 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: See H31. No. of sherds: 29 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H41 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H41 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H41 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: See H31. No. of sherds: 14 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H42 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H42 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H42 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: See H31. No. of sherds: 21 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H43 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H43 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H43 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: See H31. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H44 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H44 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H44 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: See H31. No. of sherds: 44 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H45 Sabzabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5052, 2854 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9 long 50.8666666666667 VARIANT names: H45 Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for H45 Sabzabad « Other variants: none Details: See H31. No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H5 Bushehr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2859 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9833333333333 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H5 Bushehr , ※ SOURCE for H5 Bushehr « Other variants: See H1 Details: See HI. No. of sherds: 11 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H55 Zangina : arch. site IRN UTM: 5053, 2853 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8833333333333 long 50.8833333333333 VARIANT names: H55 Zangina , ※ SOURCE for H55 Zangina « Other variants: Tangak-e Zangeneh Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Tangak-e Zangeneh, is marked (Adamec, 1989: Map Sheet 43-B). No. of sherds: 22 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H56 Zangina : arch. site IRN UTM: 5053, 2853 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8833333333333 long 50.8833333333333 VARIANT names: H56 Zangina , ※ SOURCE for H56 Zangina « Other variants: See H55 Details: See H55. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H57 Zangina : arch. site IRN UTM: 5053, 2853 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8833333333333 long 50.8833333333333 VARIANT names: H57 Zangina , ※ SOURCE for H57 Zangina « Other variants: See H55 Details: See H55. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H58 Zangina : arch. site IRN UTM: 5053, 2853 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8833333333333 long 50.8833333333333 VARIANT names: H58 Zangina , ※ SOURCE for H58 Zangina « Other variants: See H55 Details: See H55. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H59 Zangina : arch. site IRN UTM: 5053, 2853 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8833333333333 long 50.8833333333333 VARIANT names: H59 Zangina , ※ SOURCE for H59 Zangina « Other variants: See H55 Details: See H55. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H6 Bushehr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2859 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9833333333333 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H6 Bushehr , ※ SOURCE for H6 Bushehr « Other variants: See H1 Details: See H1. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H61 Halileh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5054, 2850 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8333333333333 long 50.9 VARIANT names: H61 Halileh , ※ SOURCE for H61 Halileh « Other variants: Heleyleh Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Heleyleh, is marked (TPC Sheet H-6B). No. of sherds: 14 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H62 Halileh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5054, 2850 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8333333333333 long 50.9 VARIANT names: H62 Halileh , ※ SOURCE for H62 Halileh « Other variants: See H61 Details: See H61. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H63 Halileh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5054, 2850 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8333333333333 long 50.9 VARIANT names: H63 Halileh , ※ SOURCE for H63 Halileh « Other variants: See H61 Details: See H61. No. of sherds: 16 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H64 Halileh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5054, 2850 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8333333333333 long 50.9 VARIANT names: H64 Halileh , ※ SOURCE for H64 Halileh « Other variants: See H61 Details: See H61. No. of sherds: 25 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H65 Halileh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5054, 2850 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8333333333333 long 50.9 VARIANT names: H65 Halileh , ※ SOURCE for H65 Halileh « Other variants: See H61 Details: See H61. No. of sherds: 28 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H66 Halileh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5054, 2850 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8333333333333 long 50.9 VARIANT names: H66 Halileh , ※ SOURCE for H66 Halileh « Other variants: See H61 Details: See H61. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H67 Halileh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5054, 2850 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8333333333333 long 50.9 VARIANT names: H67 Halileh , ※ SOURCE for H67 Halileh « Other variants: See H61 Details: See H61. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H68 Halileh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5054, 2850 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8333333333333 long 50.9 VARIANT names: H68 Halileh , ※ SOURCE for H68 Halileh « Other variants: See H61 Details: See H61. No. of sherds: 12 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H69 Halileh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5054, 2850 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8333333333333 long 50.9 VARIANT names: H69 Halileh , ※ SOURCE for H69 Halileh « Other variants: See H61 Details: See H61. No. of sherds: 12 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H7 Bushehr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2859 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9833333333333 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H7 Bushehr , ※ SOURCE for H7 Bushehr « Other variants: See H1 Details: See H1. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H70 Halileh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5054, 2850 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8333333333333 long 50.9 VARIANT names: H70 Halileh , ※ SOURCE for H70 Halileh « Other variants: See H61 Details: See H61. The Site Card contains the caption ‘middle site Halileh. Collected 1970, recollected under different numbers 1971'. No. of sherds: 12 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H8 Bushehr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2859 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9833333333333 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H8 Bushehr , ※ SOURCE for H8 Bushehr « Other variants: See H1 Details: See H1. No. of sherds: 6 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 H9 Bushehr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2859 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9833333333333 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: H9 Bushehr , ※ SOURCE for H9 Bushehr « Other variants: See H1 Details: See H1. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Hab river : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -2762006 coordinate: lat 24.8911111 long 66.7013889 NIMA/GNS names: Hab , Hab River , Mahri River , VARIANT names: Arabis river , Hab river , Habalayn : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787051 coordinate: lat 26.15208 long 56.3279 NIMA/GNS names: Al Habalayn , Al Hablayn , Habalain , Habalayn , الحبلين , VARIANT names: Habalayn , ※ SOURCE for Habalayn Survey, design, consultants of water supply schemes for Tayibat, Ghrumdah, Fudhra, Bukha, Al Jadi, Al Jirri, Qidah, Kumzar, Habalayn, Shabus, Shairsah, Limah, Bayah #171 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Musandam Water Supply Schemes, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1975 ~ Habalayn (Biagi3) : arch. site OMN UTM: DP327935 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1593012634127 long 56.3266210341131 VARIANT names: Habalayn (Biagi3) , ※ SOURCE for Habalayn (Biagi3) #2803 Biagi, P., New Rock Art Sites in the Musandam Peninsula, Sultanate of Oman, Bulletin of the Society for Arabian Studies, 2003 ~ p.24 Habibabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013383 coordinate: lat 32.83057 long 51.776334 NIMA/GNS names: Habbad , Habibabad , حبیب آباد , VARIANT names: Habibabad , Habibabad Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.847993 long 51.817396 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Habibabad Caravanserai کاروانسرای حبیب آباد VARIANT names: Habibabad Caravanserai , Hableh Rud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 35.453839 long 52.498785 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Habla Rud , Hableh Rud , Halneroone , ※ SOURCE for Habla Rud Habla Rud in « Map Teheran to Isfahan » #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892, ~ vol. 2 between pp. 2 and 3 ※ SOURCE for Hableh Rud « Hableh Rud » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection fig. Tehran 428B 1962} ※ SOURCE for Halneroone « This daye we came to Halneroone [Habla-rūd], a litle towne lying in a very narrow place betweene two hills. Here we picht, haueing traveled 6 leauges. This place doth abound in walnootes. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 47 Habr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.9728 long 53.2034 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Habr , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Habr AT Khafr lat 28.9728 long 53.2034 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Habr « Erdesir-i Hurra'daki sehirler: Cûr'un rustaki bulunur. Nabend' in rustakina kendi adi verlir. Simekan'in rustaki Habr'in minberi vardir. [Cities in Erdesir-i Hurra: Cur has a rustak. Nabend's rustak is named after him. Simekan's rustak and Habr has a pulpit.] » #3174 Ibn Havkal trans. Ramazan Sesen, 10. Asirda Islam Cografyasi (Yeditepe Yayinevi), Yeditepe Yayinlari, 2014 ~ p. 215 « Jäkut laut den Gelehrten Fadl ibn Hammad, dem Bekri Habra als Geburtsort zuweist, in Habr geboren werden, einer kleinen Ortschaft nahe Siraz im Lande Persien", denkt also wohl auch nicht an das Habr - Hafr am Sekkän-Fluß (vgl. oben S. 8, Z. 7). [According to the scholar Fadl ibn Hammad, to whom Bekri assigns Habra as his birthplace, Jakut was born in Habr, a small village near Siraz in the land of Persia", and thus probably does not have Habr - Hafr on the Sekkän River in mind (cf. above p. 8, line 7).] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 44 Hada Ku : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065318 coordinate: lat 28.3608 long 51.177 NIMA/GNS names: Hada Ku , Hadakan , Hadakuh , Hadkan , هدكان , VARIANT names: Hada Ku , Kaougou , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Hada Ku FOR Najiram [Le Strange], ※ SOURCE for Kaougou « Kaougou » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 Hadbeh : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065322 coordinate: lat 30.640457 long 48.735125 NIMA/GNS names: Hadbeh , Hazbeh , Jadid , Nahr-e Jadid , حدبه , VARIANT names: Hadbeh , ※ SOURCE for Hadbeh « Hadbeh » in {map#1063 Kuwait State. Basra Division. Khuzistan Province. - 'Iraq, Kuwait and Persia. No. 10 B and C, Khuramshahr (Mohammerah), , , British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3737, f 76, in Qatar Digital Library} Haddoter : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.840551 long 51.742825 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: based on 3.5 farsengs from Dehir VARIANT names: Haddoter , ※ SOURCE for Haddoter « Haddoter » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 Hadiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 178388 coordinate: lat 28.791822 long 54.316582 NIMA/GNS names: Hadiabad , هادی آباد , VARIANT names: Hadiabad , Hajiabad , ※ SOURCE for Hajiabad « The steep descent down a narrow valley, where grazing camps of an Arab tribe were passed, brought us after 12 miles' march to the small hamlet of Hajiābād at the northern edge of the plain. Beyond it an extensive area of abandoned cultivation with heaps of debris from ruined dwellings was passed 3 miles before reaching the village of Mādavan to the SW. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 183 Haffah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787085 coordinate: lat 25.757484 long 56.318793 NIMA/GNS names: Haffah , Haffah , حفة , VARIANT names: Haffah , Modofar , ※ SOURCE for Haffah « Haffah is a fishing village of about 150 people situated in a sheltered position on the east side of Khawr Haffah, which is north of Thaghi. Haffah has no plantations and in Summer most people go to Thaghi where they work in the plantations there. (b) Present Water Situation - Haffah has five birkats in the village, two of which are very small and were both dry. The other three were between an eighth and a half full. We were told that there were other birkats farther from the village. » #171 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Musandam Water Supply Schemes, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1975 ~ « The Elphinstone (Khor-ash-Sham) and Malcolm (Ghubbat Ghazirah) Inlets and Dohat Haffah in Ruus-al-Jibal would make good harbours, but their position in a wild and barren district renders them commercially valueless. » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917 ~ p. 1423 « Haffah [name], Mouth of cove is 7 miles north of Dibah, on east coast. [position] Cove and village. The The Cove runs inland northwards, keeping parallel to the coast for 2½ miles. It varies from ¼ to ½ a mile in width, has regular soundings of 7 to 8 fathoms and is completely landlocked to seaward. It might be useful for naval purposes of secondary importance. [nature] The cove contains a village of 10 mud and stone houses occupied by Shihuh of the Bani Shatair section, Kumāzirah subsection, who fish and own some dates at Dibah. They have 5 fishing boats. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1608 ※ SOURCE for Modofar « MODOFAR, porto de - Porto do litoral de Omão ou Oman que propendemos a identificar com Dubat Haffah, em 25° 43' lat. N. e 56° 18' long. E. [Gaspar Correia - Lendas da India]. » [MODOFAR, port of - Port on the coast of Oman or Oman which we tend to identify with Dubat Haffah, at 25° 43' lat. N. and 56° 18' long. E. [Gaspar Correia - Legends of India].] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 274 Haffar Channel : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMX UFI: -3065350 coordinate: lat 30.433333 long 48.166667 NIMA/GNS names: Hafar Channel , Haffar Channel , VARIANT names: Haffar Channel , ※ SOURCE for Haffar Channel « Khowr-e Bahmanshir (30°08'N., 48°34'E.), lying E of and flowing parallel to the Shatt al Arab, is connected to that river by Haffar Channel (30°25'N., 48°10'E.), an artificial cutting; the island thus formed is known as Jazireh ye Abadan (Jazirat al Khidr) (30°02'N., 48°34'E.). 17.13 The unmarked channel of the inlet leads between mud flats and banks, in depths of 1.8 to 5.8m, and can be ascended for about 23 miles by vessels of shallow draft. The N part of the inlet has irregular depths and may be partially blocked by drying mud banks. Local knowledge is necessary. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022, ~ p. 444 « There the Canal of Haffar s very broad, and at the end is above feveb or eight Fathom over. About four a Clock we faw a Canal that fpends it felf in the Fields. Half an hour after,we paffed betwixt two fquare Caftles, each of which have a Tower at every Angle, and one in the middle of each fide; they are called Kout-Haffar; becauſe they lye at the wnd of the Canal. Haffar that has its mouth to the South: it is about fix French Leagues from thence to Baffora, and about twelve to the Sea. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thevenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687, ~ pt. 2 p. 155 « The HC was originally dug in about the 10th Century AD, with some human maintenance over the subsequent 1000 years, particularly from the mid-18th Century onwards when the course of the Haffar cut to the Bahmanshir River and the Shatt aleArab became the main outlet of the Karun (Figs. 7 and 8; Curzon,1890; Le Strange, 1905; Potts, 2004; Verkinderen, 2009; Walstra et al., 2010b; Heyvaert et al., 2013). » #2997 Kevin Woodbridge, Vanessa Mary An Heyvaert, Characteristics of direct human impacts on the rivers Karun and Dez in lowland south-west Iran and their interactions with earth surface movements, Quaternary International, 2016 ~ p. 7 Haftad-o-du Pieh Pas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.520226 long 53.094015 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Haftad-o-du Pieh Pas , ※ SOURCE for Haftad-o-du Pieh Pas « Haftad-o-du Pieh Pas » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fasa H-39X 1948} Haftavan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065410 coordinate: lat 27.823297 long 53.291959 NIMA/GNS names: Haft Tavan , Haftavan , Hafteh Van , Haftovan , Haftun , Haftvan , هفت توان , هفتوان , هفتون , VARIANT names: Haftavan , Haftawan , ※ SOURCE for Haftavan « Haftavan » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars p.10 « According to the information I collected in Khunj in 1953, the busiest track then was that leading from Khunj to Gavbandi, via Hanganu (small qal'a 3 km east of Haftavan; » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ p. 28 ※ SOURCE for Haftawan « and at 13 miles enters the village of Haftawan, situated one mile east of K. Ding on the northern side of the valley, which is here about 7 miles in breadth. Altitude above sea, 2,489 feet. The place consists of about 50 houses of mats or mud and stone, and a tumble down mud and stone fort with a high tower over the gateway. It also possesses a grove of date trees, and a cistern full of good water. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 20 Haftgel : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ADMD UFI: -3822740 coordinate: lat 31.466667 long 49.55 NIMA/GNS names: Haftgel , VARIANT names: Haftgel , Haidarabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066514 coordinate: lat 28.554831 long 53.592383 NIMA/GNS names: Haidarabad , Heydarabad , حیدر آباد , VARIANT names: Haidarabad , ※ SOURCE for Haidarabad « Haidarabad » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection fig. Shiraz-444-C} « The 25th mile brought us near the village Hyderabad, and thence 4¾ miles to Jehrúm. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 661 « At 2½ miles a third low ridge is traversed running F. and W. across the plain, and the road passes the large walled gardens of Haidarābād, another road to Firūzābād diverging at this point up a cultivated valley, 4 miles broad at its mouth and gradually narrowing. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 177 Hail : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787289 coordinate: lat 24.19996 long 56.22418 NIMA/GNS names: Al Hayl , Hail , Hail Bin-Suwaidan , Hayl , Hayl Bin Suwaydan , الحيل , VARIANT names: Hail , ※ SOURCE for Hail « A range of mountains in the Jabal Shammar principality and one of the chief physical features of northern Najd ; it bounds the Batn plain in which Hail stands on the north-west, being interposed between Batn and the Nafud and divided from the latter by a strip of hard gravelly ground in places 3 hours wide. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 48 Haj Asdalahi mill : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.722915 long 53.67283 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Haj Asdalahi mill , Haj Hasan Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.727473 long 52.350369 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Haj Hasan Caravanserai , Haji `Ali Qotb : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065560 coordinate: lat 32.35 long 48.266667 NIMA/GNS names: Haji `Ali Qotb , Hajj `Ali Qotb , Hajji , Hajji `Ali Qotb , VARIANT names: Haji `Ali Qotb , Kala Haji Ali , ※ SOURCE for Kala Haji Ali « The little castle in which we passed the night was called Kala Haji Ali. Its inhabitants rose at daybreak to send their flocks and herds to pasture. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 2 pp. 234-5 Haji Ahmadi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065551 coordinate: lat 27.9074 long 52.3881 NIMA/GNS names: Haji Ahmadi , Haji Ahmadi , Hajji Ahmad , Hajji Ahmadi , حاجی احمد , حاجی احمدی , VARIANT names: Hadji Ahmed , Haji Ahmadi , ※ SOURCE for Hadji Ahmed « Le prochain endroit habité est Payéh, qui compte huit habitations; puis, sur une haute colline à gauche, dominant la piste, c'est Hadji Ahmed, composé également, me dit-on, de huit maisons, dont la plus grande a une belle apparence. [The next inhabited place is Payéh, which has eight dwellings; then, on a high hill on the left, overlooking the track, is Hadji Ahmed, also made up, I am told, of eight houses, the largest of which has a beautiful appearance.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 120 Haji 'Ali C. : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.65767 long 54.65727 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: see Karavanserail Cahar Berkeh. VARIANT names: caravanserai (Rebelo) , Haji 'Ali C. , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Haji 'Ali C. FOR Ouasili [Gaube], ※ SOURCE for caravanserai (Rebelo) « Après ce village, nous nous arrêtâmes dans un caravansérail à quatre lieues de là, et le quittämes le lendemain à quatre heures de l'après-midi pour parcourir les trois lieues qui nous séparaient de Lara. [After this village, we stopped at a caravanserai four leagues away, and left it the next day at four o'clock in the afternoon to travel the three leagues which separated us from Lara.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 103 [Rebelo's 4 and 3 lieues is short of the 70 kms distance between Cromu (Hormud-e Mir Khund) and Lar. a 4 and 3 split of 70 kms would put the caravansérail about Haji 'Ali C. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Haji 'Ali C. « At ½ mile pass the caravansarai of Hāji 'Ali; water from two cisterns; grazing fair; » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 170 « Persian text omitted. [Faryab Castle 15. The distance from Char Bar to Faryab Castle is three farsakhs. The road is smooth and level. The mountain south of the road is located at a distance of half a farsakh in the south, about one farsakh, they reach Haji Ali's caravanserai, there are two ponds and a caravanserai here. There are three ponds, a caravanserai and a ruined castle in Faryab Castle. Watermelons, melons, barley and wheat used to be in this Faryab Castle, but now they are not.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 582 « Haji 'Ali (2 cisterns) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} Haji Musallam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056140 coordinate: lat 30.596944 long 48.7375 NIMA/GNS names: Beyt-e Haji Mosallam , Beyt-e Hajji Mosallam , Beyt-e Hajji Moslem , Haji Musallam , Hajji Mosallam , Nahr-e Mosallam-e `Olya , Nahr-e Mosallam-e Sofla , Nahr-e Moslem-e `Olya , Nahr-e Moslem-e Sofla , VARIANT names: Haji Musallam , ※ SOURCE for Haji Musallam « Haji Musallam » in {map#1063 Kuwait State. Basra Division. Khuzistan Province. - 'Iraq, Kuwait and Persia. No. 10 B and C, Khuramshahr (Mohammerah), , , British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3737, f 76, in Qatar Digital Library} Hajiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065464 coordinate: lat 32.143996 long 54.175411 NIMA/GNS names: Hajiabad , Hajjiabad , حاجی آباد , VARIANT names: Hajiabad , Hajiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065502 coordinate: lat 34.3401 long 47.3515 NIMA/GNS names: Haji Abad Darroofaraman , Hajiabad , Hajjiabad , Hajjiabad-e Darufaraman , حاجی آباد , VARIANT names: Hajiabad , Hajiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065439 coordinate: lat 28.357352 long 54.423346 NIMA/GNS names: Hajiabad , Hajjiabad , حاجی آباد , VARIANT names: Hajiabad , ※ SOURCE for Hajiabad « KHUSU LAT. 28° 32' N.; LONG. 54° 27' E.; ELEV A square mud fort in the Darab district of Fars, 11 miles north of Hajiābād (6) on the road from Lar to Darab. The fort lies about 600 yards west of the road and is situated in the midst of trees and cultivation. It is the residence of the Khan of the Bahārlū tribe. Water here is plentiful and is obtained from streams.-(Vaughan, 1890.) »#2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 pp. 567-8 « Next day we reached Rajiabad, after crossing a pass 4400 feet. The road was then over a plain about 3650 feet in height. On this for half a mile we passed through extensive ruins, amongst which were those of a fort; then on through camps of the Baharloo tribe of Arabs. » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 26 Hajiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065450 coordinate: lat 29.9906 long 52.9228 NIMA/GNS names: Haji Abad Khafrak , Hajiabad , Hajjiabad , Hajjiabad-e Khafrak , حاجی آباد , VARIANT names: Hajiabad , ※ SOURCE for Hajiabad « . It thence goes through a graveyard with a few trees, and passing a large walled deserted village on the left, and the village of Hajiabad, under the hills, on the right, follows a flat irrigated valley with the river on the left, and the hills on the right. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 191 Hajiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065436 coordinate: lat 27.5081 long 52.9419 NIMA/GNS names: Hajiabad , Hajjiabad , حاجی آباد , VARIANT names: Hajiabad , ※ SOURCE for Hajiabad « As the villages to the south were at, feud with Waraw! we had to keep to a less direct track, along which the only inhabited place was the small fortified hamlet of J:Iajiabad (Fig. 83) , with a well-built cistern that looked old. After pass ing over a wide area of salt-encrusted ground left wholly to grazing , and crossing the stream near the palm grove of Narmun, we reached Waraw! by the evening of January soth. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 226 Hajiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065444 coordinate: lat 29.2067 long 54.1533 NIMA/GNS names: Haiiabad , Hajiabad , Hajjiabad , حاجی آباد , VARIANT names: Hajiabad , NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065437 coordinate: lat 28.3091 long 55.9017 NIMA/GNS names: Hajjiabad , حاجی آباد , VARIANT names: Hajiabad , Hajjabad , ※ SOURCE for Hajiabad « map of Marco Polo's Route as fixed by Captain Sykes » #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7, 45:648-60 ~ p. 655 ※ SOURCE for Hajjabad « At mile 17½ the village of Hajjābād is passed » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 155 Hajir 9 : arch. site OMN UTM: GA 031 640 converted to coordinate: lat 23.17249 long 58.98408 VARIANT names: Hajir 9 , ※ SOURCE for Hajir 9 « Cairn dwellings » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 41 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Hajjamal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065424 coordinate: lat 27.399802 long 54.933811 NIMA/GNS names: Ghajamal , Hajjamal , غاجمال , VARIANT names: Hajamel , Hajjamal , ※ SOURCE for Hajamel « Hajamel » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} Hajji Salli pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.900967 long 51.565473 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Hajji Salli pass , Pass of Hajee Sulla and Tomb , ※ SOURCE for Hajji Salli pass « From Bushire to Ahram, over the plain of the Deshtistan, 30 miles ; road sandy, but otherwise good ; water and forage favourable. Through the easy pass of Kalkhum 20 miles; water, forage, and brushwood abundant; population Arab; then through the pass of Hajji Salli to Bushgum, which is rocky and bad, 18 miles; to Birmey 35 miles ; of tolerable road to Firhabad 35 miles, from whence begins the descent of the mountains, the road very difficult. » #1334 Monteith, William, Notes on the Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, etc., Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857, 27:108-19 ~ p. 119 ※ SOURCE for Pass of Hajee Sulla and Tomb « Pass of Hajee Sulla and Tomb » in {map#1129 Map of Asia Minor Armenia and Koordistan, , 1816, #3020 John Macdonald Kinneir, Journey Through Asia Minor, Armenia, and Koordistan in the Years 1813 and 1814, John Murray, London, 1818 ~} Hajjiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 10602619 coordinate: lat 35.247475 long 58.848865 NIMA/GNS names: Hajjiabad , حاجی آباد , VARIANT names: Hajjiabad , Hajr 11 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 534 981 converted to coordinate: lat 23.48579 long 58.50217 VARIANT names: Hajr 11 , ※ SOURCE for Hajr 11 « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 43 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Hakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065641 coordinate: lat 28.625 long 53.3145 NIMA/GNS names: Hakan , Hakun , هکان , VARIANT names: Akoun , Akun , Hakan , ※ SOURCE for Akoun « Nous fimes plus de sept farsangs pour atteindre le gros village d'Akoun, bâti en amphithéâtre sur une colline: les environs sont bien cultivés en riz et bien plantés de palmiers; [We traveled more than seven farsangs to reach the large village of Akoun, built amphitheatrically on a hill: the surroundings are well cultivated with rice and well planted with palm trees;] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ pp. 522-3 ※ SOURCE for Akun « Akun » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Hakavan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065643 coordinate: lat 29.1084 long 52.7989 NIMA/GNS names: Hakavan , Hakvan , Hakwan , هکوان , VARIANT names: Hakavan , Hakku : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068540 coordinate: lat 28.055714 long 53.279878 NIMA/GNS names: Hakku , Haku , Kahnuyeh , کهنویه , VARIANT names: Hakku , Halateh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3798369 coordinate: lat 34.3318 long 46.1603 NIMA/GNS names: Halateh , Halateh , هلته , VARIANT names: Halateh , ※ SOURCE for Halateh « At 8½ and 11½ miles, respectively, are the villages of Halateh and Harir on the left of the road. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 151 Haliagan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.785586 long 49.809786 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Haliagan , ※ SOURCE for Haliagan « Haliagan » in {map#1366 in #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ fig. III. Sketch Map of Portions of Malamir and Bakhtiāri Hills from Plane-Table Survey (Field record subject to adjustment)} Haliagan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194869 coordinate: lat 31.793401 long 49.787633 NIMA/GNS names: Halayjan , Hali Yakan , Haliagan , Halkan , هالكان , هالی يكان , هلايجان , VARIANT names: Halagun , Haliagan , Hallagan , ※ SOURCE for Halagun « MALAMIR-AGHA MIHRAB, 6½ hours.Road leads S. for about five miles to Halagun (ruins and huts), then due W. over rolling plain to the Imam Zadeh of Sheikh Nasrullah (caravanserai) camping-ground. » #3530 Vita Sackville West, Twelve Days An Account of a Journey Across the Bakhtiari Mountains in South-Western Persia, Doubleday, Doran and Co.,, 1928 ~ p. 141 ※ SOURCE for Haliagan « The writer visited the ruin at Haliāgān on 28 April 1966 and took measurements at that time. The building forms a square extending approximately 30 m. on each side. A circular courtyard is located at its centre. A large depression within this court, now much filled with debris, may once have served as a water basin. The walls of the structure are of stone rubble bound by gypsum mortar (plate 1). » #1254 Hansman, J. F., Three Topographical Problems in the Southern Zagros, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, 1973, 36:1:43-54 ~ p. 47 ※ SOURCE for Hallagan « Hallagan » in {map#1363 in #3538 Captain H. E. Wells, Surveying Tours in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, vol. 5:no. 3:pp. 138-163 ~ fig. map to accompany article} « Crossing them to the N.E. we enter the plain of Hallágán. An ancient paved road leads across these hills. Passing through the picturesque valley of Murtdefel, and leaving Hallágán by a small tang or gorge, the road enters the plain of Mál Amír. The entrance to this pass was once guarded by two forts of the most solid con-struction, the remains of which now exist. Around are nume-rous mounds and foundations marking the site of a town. Near Hallágán are many ruins of a later period, which are assigned by the Lurs to the Atábegs. We have here the Kaláh Atábegán, (1) where one of those princes is said to have sustained a siege and to have perished; the Cheshmeh Atábegán (2) and the Puli Atábegí. (3) The whole of this country abounds with traditions of the Atábegs. The hills which separate Hallágán from Mál Amír are a continuation of a small ridge which runs parallel with the great chain to the N.E. of Kalah Tul. fn. 1 Atábeg's Castle.fn. 2 Atábeg's spring.fn. 3 Atábeg's bridge. » #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846, ~ p. 74 Haliagan Karavanserail : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.780202 long 49.828131 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Haliagan Karavanserail , ※ SOURCE for Haliagan Karavanserail « Haliagan Karavanserail » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 9 Karte der Umgebung von Izeh (Malamir)} Halileh : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 28.836284 long 50.903089 VARIANT names: Halileh , ※ SOURCE for Halileh « Halileh » in {map#1184 Figure 3.11: Left: Williamson’s map of later Sasanian-period settlement on the Bushehr peninsula (after Whitehouse and Williamson 1973: Figure 4);, , , #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~} p. 43 Halileh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065673 coordinate: lat 28.8344 long 50.88 NIMA/GNS names: Haleyleh , Halileh , Heleyleh , هليله , VARIANT names: Halile , Halileh , Hallela , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Halileh FOR Padargus fl. [Vincent], ※ SOURCE for Halile « Halile » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Halileh Ubaid pottery found outside main cultural area #429 Roaf, Michael, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1996, pp. 53 and 231 ※ SOURCE for Hallela « Hallela » in {map#1121 Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, , 1850, #1334 Monteith, William, Notes on the Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, etc., Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857 27:108-19 ~} Halmit (HMT1) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH851293 converted to coordinate: lat 20.159137057936 long 57.8143353240773 VARIANT names: Halmit (HMT1) , ※ SOURCE for Halmit (HMT1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 halt before Shiraz (Herbert) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.559327 long 52.588477 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: halt before Shiraz (Herbert) , POSSIBLE LOCATION of halt before Shiraz (Herbert) AT Ujvali lat 29.559327 long 52.588477 [], ※ SOURCE for halt before Shiraz (Herbert) « next night pitching a farfangh ſhort of Shiraz; where we expected a ceremonious entrance: » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132 Halul : place QAT NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -785413 coordinate: lat 25.6666667 long 52.4166667 NIMA/GNS names: Halul , Jazirat Halul , VARIANT names: Halul , Haulool , ※ SOURCE for Halul « It is in these shallow waters that some of the best pearl banks in the Gulf are found, and the salt plug islands such as Dalma, which has fresh water all the year round, Sir Bani Yās, Zirkü, Dās and Halūl form natural anchorages for the pearling fleets in summer and fishing boats in winter. » #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, The Geographical Journal, London, 1964 130:3:337-49 ~ p. 337 ※ SOURCE for Haulool « Haulool » in {map#1096 Persia with a part of Cabul and the adjacent countries, Arrowsmith, Aaron Jr., 1828, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 0035.027} Halvan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065699 coordinate: lat 33.9466 long 56.281502 NIMA/GNS names: Haluan , Halvan , حلوان , VARIANT names: Halvan , NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065706 coordinate: lat 34.799216 long 48.514556 NIMA/GNS names: Ecbatana , Hamadan , Hamedan , همدان , VARIANT names: Ecbatana , Hamadan , ※ SOURCE for Ecbatana owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Ecbatana, 48.583, 34.767, IR, nkn, approx, 59, tmcIRa0100_049a » some descrepancy on co-ordinates ※ SOURCE for Hamadan « Hamadan is a large town (population 50,000), traversed by tortuous, bumpy and narrow streets. There are big bāzārs, a carpet factory, post and telegraph office and British and Russian banks. There is much dense wood in the vicinity of the town; also rich cultivation, as it lies at the edge of a fertile plain. The main industry is leather manufacture, the tanneries being the best in Persia. The water supply is excellent and fuel is fairly plentiful. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 161 « Arrivés à quatre heures du soir à Hamadân, nous descendîmes chez un Arménien, Rustèm-Khân, fils et délégué du gouverneur de cette province, Méhémet-Husséin-Khân, était absent. [Arriving at four o'clock in the evening in Hamadan, we stayed at the house of an Armenian, Rustem Khan, son and delegate of the governor of this province, Mehemet Hussein Khan, who was absent.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 258 hamam tarikhi nparam : arch. site IRN UTM: none coordinate: lat 28.156859 long 53.50113 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: hamam tarikhi nparam , Hamilabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065751 coordinate: lat 34.40284 long 48.460768 NIMA/GNS names: Hamilabad , Jamilabad , حمیل آباد , VARIANT names: Hamilabad , ※ SOURCE for Hamilabad « then ascends gradually and crosses the gardan of Hamilābād (6,100') at 8 m., then gradual descent to village of that name at 10 m. elevation of village 5,600, Good houses; water and supplies: 800 inhabitants. From here there is a direct road to Suitānābād (Iraq) viá Daulatābād and Tuleh. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 666 Hammam 18 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 515 566 converted to coordinate: lat 23.11122 long 58.47942 VARIANT names: Hammam 18 , ※ SOURCE for Hammam 18 « Walled fort and husn » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 43 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Hammam-e Mir : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.682599 long 54.33894 † basis (unknown, approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Hammam-e Mir , ※ SOURCE for Hammam-e Mir « Südlich des Saray-e Morguli und östlich des Saray-e Golshan liegt das Hammam-e Mir, welches aus der Safavidenzeit stammen soll und vermutlidi als Bad für das Saray-e Golshan errichtet wurde. Da das Hammam-e Mir heute als Frauenbad dient, konnte ich es nicht besuchen. [South of the Saray-e Morguli and east of the Saray-e Golshan lies the Hammam-e Mir, which is said to date from the Safavid period and was probably built as a bath for the Saray-e Golshan. Since the Hammam-e Mir now serves as a women's bath, I was unable to visit it.] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p.342 Hamzah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3102341 coordinate: lat 31.7244444 long 44.9769444 NIMA/GNS names: Al Hamzah , Hamzah , Qawam al Hamzah , Quwam al Hamza , VARIANT names: Hamzah , Imam Hamza Lamtun , Lemhim , ※ SOURCE for Imam Hamza Lamtun « Imam Hamza Lamtun » in {map#1078 Lower Mesopotamia, between Baghdad and the Persian Gulf, Geographical Section, General Staff ; 2563; GSGS (Series) ; 2563, 1916, American Geographical Society Library - Maps fig. } ※ SOURCE for Lemhim « Lemhim » in {map#1062 in #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846 ~ fig. Map to illustrate Mr Layard's paper on Khuzistan} Hanah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787176 coordinate: lat 26.228928 long 56.213953 NIMA/GNS names: Hana , Hanah , Hanna , Hanna , حنا , VARIANT names: Hanah , Hanah 20 : arch. site OMN UTM: DE215010 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2264494336504 long 56.2141114665606 VARIANT names: Hanah 20 , ※ SOURCE for Hanah 20 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 41 Hanaka : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065806 coordinate: lat 29.8708 long 57.4033 NIMA/GNS names: Hanaka , Hanak-e Pa'in , Henek Pa'in , Honeg-e Pa'in , Honek-e Pa'in , هنگ پایین , هنک پایین , VARIANT names: Hanaka , ※ SOURCE for Hanaka « That day's march was up to our highest pass Hanaka (8700') but it was rather dull. Just a steady gradual pull up and up a broad "carringe drive” track between high sand hills with a great snow-range on the left. The "pass" was disappointing the gradual descent on the far aide showed us nothing new, but one glorious mountain barring our way in the distance ahead and a different view of our anow range. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 29 Hanaka pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.793934 long 57.451686 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Hanaka pass , Hangam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065819 coordinate: lat 28.3646 long 52.5958 NIMA/GNS names: Hangam , هنگام , VARIANT names: Hangam , Hingam , ※ SOURCE for Hingam « Hingam » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} Hanifqan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067075 coordinate: lat 29.0952 long 52.5576 NIMA/GNS names: Hanifqan , Honifaqan , Hownifaqan , Khonifaqan , حنيفقان , حنيفقان , حونيفقان , VARIANT names: Hanifqan , Huneyfigan , Khunayfqan , Khunayfqan/Khunayfghan , lanemdjan , ※ SOURCE for Huneyfigan « Büreze nehri Derâcân-i Siyah nahiyesinden çikar Huneyfigan ve Curtakim sular, Erdesir-i Hurra rustaklarini geçtikten sonradenize dökülür, Fars bölgesinde daha baska nehirler bulunur.le bu kadariyla yetinecegiz.[Büreze River originates from Derâcân-i Siyah township. The waters of Huneyfagan and Cur groups flow into the sea after passing the Erdesir-i Hurra rustaks. There are other rivers in the Fars region. We will be content with this.] » #3174 Ibn Havkal trans. Ramazan Sesen, 10. Asirda Islam Cografyasi (Yeditepe Yayinevi), Yeditepe Yayinlari, 2014 ~ p. 221 ※ SOURCE for Khunayfqan « the third stage is 5 leagues to Khunayfqan » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ p. 886 ※ SOURCE for Khunayfqan/Khunayfghan « Ibn al-Balkhi によると、Kuwärと Firūzābād (Jür) との??の宿駅地はKhunayfqan/Kh- unayfghanである、と。?は、そこは???ャ?によってKhunayfghanと?ばれ、Shiraz~Fir- fūzābād の?道?いの村であること、??の道は?しく、??で??しい??地?、??ぎにあ う??があること、その?くにBurāz?の水?があって Firüzābādに?って?れている、そこの ??は???のように??な??であるが????ー?朝の??下に入っている、と記?してい 358) Khunayfqan/Khunayfghanは、現在の Khanifaqan/Khanifgan と同一地?であること に??いなく、そこはTang-i Mokの?くに??する村?。その?西?りに Burazkän/Buräzkän 村がある。 [According to Ibn al-Balkhi, the intermediate post town between Kuwār and Firūzābād (Jür) is Khunayfqan/Khunayfghan. He records that it was called Khunayfghan by the Persians, that it was a village on the road from Shiraz to Firūzābād, that the road in the vicinity was steep, narrow, and rugged, that there was a danger of being robbed, that the source of the river Burāz was nearby, flowing towards Firūzābād, that the inhabitants were of a violent character like the mountain people, but that it was under the rule of the Seljuks. 358) Khunayfqan/Khunayfghan is undoubtedly the same name as the present Khanifaqan/Khanifgan, a village located near Tang-i Mok. To the northwest is the village of Burazkän/Buräzkän.] » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ p. 37 ※ SOURCE for lanemdjan « From Nadjed to Kewan کوان town located halfway from Nadjed to the village of lanemdjan الينجان? 6 miles; from Nadjed to Ianemdjan we therefore count 12 miles. From Ianemdjan to Djour, previously mentioned, 18 miles. » #3001 Al-Idrisi, P. Amedee Jaubert, Geographie d'Edrisi, Bertrand, Paris, 1836 ~ vol. 1 p. 400 Hanudar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066369 coordinate: lat 33.779523 long 49.231148 NIMA/GNS names: Hanudar , Hendudar , Hendudur , Henudar , Hindudar , هندودر , هندودور , VARIANT names: Hanudar , Haoz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.860711 long 64.291398 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Haoz , ※ SOURCE for Haoz « 8. Haoz (a reservoir) (17 miles-92 miles 4 furlongs). The reser-voir, which is 20 feet square, is built in a broad ravine, through which there is a considerable stream after the snow begins to melt; forage and grass scarce; a few ravines crossed; the road, gene-rally good, is over a hard, level, and arid plain. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 Haoz-i-Kalsa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.294984 long 62.293101 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Haoz-i-Kalsa , ※ SOURCE for Haoz-i-Kalsa « 18. Haoz-i-Kalsa (to miles 4 furlongs-226 miles).-Water, forage and grass good and plentiful. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 Haoz-i-Madat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3377486 coordinate: lat 31.5547222 long 65.3252778 NIMA/GNS names: Haoz-i-Madat , Hauz-i-Madat , Hawdze Madad , Howz Madad , Howz-e Madad , Mauz-i-Madat , VARIANT names: Haoz-i-Madat , Haoz-i-Madat Khan , ※ SOURCE for Haoz-i-Madat Khan « 3. Haoz-i-Madat Khan (14 miles — 26 miles). — Watered by thesame canal which supplies Jangeri; grass plentiful about 5 miles tothe southward ; several villages and much cultivation in thevicinity ; large flocks of sheep and goats. The march lies across ahard and level plain. Water is found close to the road, a shortdistance from the village of Badwan, 2½ miles from Jangeri. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 331 Haoz-i-Shah Abbas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.134751 long 55.718826 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Haoz-i-Shah Abbas , ※ SOURCE for Haoz-i-Shah Abbas « Haoz-i-Shah Abbas » in {map#1341 in #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.) 3:9:513-46 ~ fig. Map of Khorasan and neighbouring countries} « After passing Shorab, the same desert country is passed over until a low ridge of hills is reached, where there is a fine reservoir for water protected by a tower called Haoz-i-Shah Abbas, but at this season thetank is dry. It is 18 miles from Pusht-i-Badan. This low ridge is the dividing line between Ehorasan, the ancient Parthia, and Pazd. After passing Haoz-i-Shah Abbas the desert becomes worse than ever; heretofore it has consisted of solid earth, but here we reach sand-dunes, and the road leads up one and down another, the one so like the other that it ia difficult to keep on the right track. » #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.), 3:9:513-46 ~ pp. 519-20 Haqverdi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3796217 coordinate: lat 37.384433 long 59.056229 NIMA/GNS names: Haqurudi , Haqverdi , حقورودی , VARIANT names: Haqverdi , Harabarjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066387 coordinate: lat 30.315688 long 54.205346 NIMA/GNS names: Aravjun , Harabarjan , Haravarjan , Haravarjun , Harvarjun , Havavarjan , Herabarjan , هرابرجان , هراورجان , هواورجان , VARIANT names: Harabarjan , Haraj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065859 coordinate: lat 27.72 long 52.6822 NIMA/GNS names: Haraj , Harj , هرج , VARIANT names: Haraj , ※ SOURCE for Haraj « But of much greater interest was the discovery of a low mound near the village of Haraj containing the remains of an early prehistoric, possibly neolithic, settlement. The cutting of trial trenches brought to light plenty of stone implements and a quantity of painted pottery with a great variety of monochrome geometrical patterns. Some of the ware found was of very fine fabric and showed in its decoration distinct affinity to the very early painted pottery discovered by Professor Herzfeld at an important site close to Persepolis and considered by him neolithic. Burial remains were also unearthed here. Several smaller mounds in the vicinity seem to hide similar prehistoric settlements. An interesting fortification of considerable extent, probably dating from historical times but pre-Muhammadan, was traced above Haraj on a high rocky spur flanked on either side by precipitous ravines. The position chosen for what evidently was meant to provide a temporary place of safety, curiously recalled the mountain stronghold of Zamr-i-Atash-parast surveyed by me far away on the Russian side of the uppermost Oxus. » #831 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological Reconnaissances in Southern Persia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1934 (Feb), 83:2:119-34 ~ p. 133 « The exact location of this ancient city has not been known to history researchers. The oldest archeological research in the area under discussion has been carried out by Sarrol Stein. He excavated a few kilometers from this ancient city and was able to find artifacts from the pre-Islamic period at the same time as the settlement of Siraf. A place called Haraj (Haraj) is located in the eastern part of the old city of Karan. In 1933, Stein traveled its northeastern heights and reached Goledar plain, where he went from "Fal" to "Asir" without noticing the traces and remains of the old city of Karan, and excavations were carried out in "Haraj" hill. Harag] done. He writes about the age of the works found in Dasht Golehdar: decorated pottery works such as bright blue and green vessels on which reliefs and sculptures are designed and similar to the works » #3263 Vathoqi, Mohammad Baqir , Takwi, Karamatullah , Rahmani, Sadiq , Abdi Rad, Manouchehr, Detailed history of Larestan, همسایه, 2006 ~ vol. 1 p. 162 Harami : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10074755 coordinate: lat 27.770067 long 52.318138 NIMA/GNS names: Harami , حرمی , VARIANT names: Harami , Harmi , Hermi , Hermi , Hirmi , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Harami FOR Harami ?? [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Harmi « At 11 miles date groves and plentiful water of Harmi; a few Lür huts in summer, but no supplies. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Hermi « Kohru is a site at the top of a pass overlooking the village of this name, deep in the Qabr Rud canyon. Conduits of sweet water, originating at Hermi, pass through the canyon en route to Bagh-i Sheikh. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 79 « Kohru is a site at the top of a pass overlooking the village of this name, deep in the Qabr Rud canyon. Conduits of sweet water, originating at Hermi, pass through the canyon en route to Bagh-i Sheikh. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 79 ※ SOURCE for Hermi « Hermi and Hermi Bash (]20) are about three farsakhs from Siraf, at a point where two springs with date groves are separated by a low pass with terracing walls but no building. To the west of the pass is a high scarp dramatically cut off on all sides by deep gorges. Several ruined buildings can be seen on this high mesa; one is said to have been a windmill. Sections of the ancient road cross the pass between the terracing walls. About four farsakhs from Taheri, a modern track turns off for Jam at God-i Bard-i Zinat, passing east of Kuh-i Padri. This track is the route we followed during our first trip; the remainder of the ancient route was followed during the third trip. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 81 ※ SOURCE for Hirmi « Hirmi » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} « Hirmi » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} « Hirmi » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 6 : Firuzabad (Jur) - Siraf (3)} Harami ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066398 coordinate: lat 27.733333 long 52.283333 † basis (disputed with POSSIBLE LOCATIONS) Supplement: possible GNS coordinates incorrectly placed ? NIMA/GNS names: Harami , Harmi , Hermi , Hermi-ye Shilow , حرمی , هرمئ شيلو , هرمی , VARIANT names: Harami ? , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Harami ?? AT Harami lat 27.770067 long 52.318138 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Harami ? [The GNS database lists two Harami A. Harami NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066398 coordinate: lat 27.733333 long 52.283333 NIMA/GNS names: Harami , Harmi , Hermi , Hermi-ye Shilow , حرمی , هرمئ شيلو , هرمی , B. Harami NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10074755 coordinate: lat 27.770067 long 52.318138 NIMA/GNS names: Harami , حرمی , A to B is about 5.26 kms at heading of 40. NCC 100K Topographic Map of Iran block 36 sheet 6445 c. 1955 places Harmi حرمی at location B] Harang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066388 coordinate: lat 27.103701 long 54.452254 NIMA/GNS names: Harang , Herang , Hurnak , هرنگ , هرنگ , VARIANT names: Harang , Hurnak , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Harang FOR Ambeh [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Harang « Harang » in {map#1132 in #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ fig. Abb. 4 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Yazd, Kerman und Hormozgan} ※ SOURCE for Hurnak « Hurnak » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lingeh G-40 G 1941} Harbedan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066390 coordinate: lat 28.653043 long 54.439461 NIMA/GNS names: Harbedan , Herbedan , Hermadun , Heyrbodan , هربدان , هیربدان , VARIANT names: Harbedan , Hermadun , ※ SOURCE for Hermadun « Hermadun » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.9175 long 56.1680556 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Harbiz , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Harbiz AT Khurbiz lat 26.9175 long 56.1680556 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Harbiz « Qishm, à sa pointe orientale, n'était plus au XVIe siècle qu'une petite localité (luga- rete) (144), avec un palais royal assez vétuste (145) qui, tout comme celui de Djaroun, tenait lieu de forteresse (146). Laft, au Xe siècle ville flo- rissante (147), restait la deuxième agglomération. Le bourg de Bruht, au milieu des terres (148), s'était élevé au premier rang, d'où le nom, parfois employé d'« île de Qishm et de Bruht (149), ou simplement d' ile de Bruht » (150). Bruht avait un palais royal (151). [Qishm, at its eastern tip, in the 16th century was no more than a small locality (lugarete) (144), with a fairly dilapidated royal palace (145) which, like that of Djaroun, served as a fortress ( 146). Laft, a flourishing town in the 10th century (147), remained the second agglomeration. The town of Bruht, in the middle of the land (148), had risen to the first rank, hence the name, sometimes used of "island of Qishm and Bruht (149), or simply of island of Bruht" (150). Bruht had a royal palace (151).] fn. 144 Les Comentários (1/51, p. 187) disent Qishm hum lugar grande. Le Titolo das remdas, qui le qualifie de lugarete, et le Remdimento de Oromuz le mettent au dernier rang: Bruht [Revenu en hazar de [Income in hazard of]] Broct 1.000 [Titolo das remdas [rent title]] Broquete 600 [Remdimento de Oromuz [Yield of Hormuz]] Laft [Revenu en hazar de [Income in hazard of]] Laft 610 [Titolo das remdas [rent title]] Llafete 400 [Remdimento de Oromuz [Yield of Hormuz]] Harbiz ( ?) [Revenu en hazar de [Income in hazard of]] Carbes 200 [Titolo das remdas [rent title]] Garpez 130 [Remdimento de Oromuz [Yield of Hormuz]] Qishm [Revenu en hazar de [Income in hazard of]] Queixome 130 [Titolo das remdas [rent title]] Queixa 130 [Remdimento de Oromuz [Yield of Hormuz]] Harbiz, non attesté dans FG, est mentionné par Sadidussaltana, p. 128; Brás, I/49, p. 182: Arbes; Teixeira, II, p. 65: Karuèz; cf. Balbi Cerbil (p. 117) ? Carte de l'agglomération de Qishm et de ses alentours dans J. de Morgan, II, p. 292. fn. 145 Brás, I/37, p. 137. fn. 146 Cast., II/72, p. 378. fn. 147 Hudud al-'alam, trad. Minorsky, Londres 1937, p. 57-58. fn. 148 Le site de Bruht, au centre de l'ile (Ibn Mägid, 70a), à quatre lieues de Qishm (Nimdihi, 839), est à chercher à l'emplacement de l'actuel village de Guša (FG, VIII, p- 368), où existe une mosquée dite de Burh (Sadidnssaltana, p. 676-679; Eqtedâri, p. 794-801, avec localisation fautive sur sa carte, p. 748). Le nom de Bruht est attesté dès le Xe siècle (nom d'origine d'un capitaine de navire zoroastrien de Siraf; cf. Livre des Merveilles de l'Inde, tr. Sauvaget, dans Mémorial Jean Sauvaget, I, p. 201, 207, 216,lu al-Barkhati pour “al-Brukhti”). fn. 149 Nimdihi, 820 (Qism va Bruht); Samarqandi, p. 695 (jazira-yi Kism va Bruht): Ga fari (Qism va *Bruht); Ibn Magid, 70a (gazira Burhut (sic) wa'l-*Qism; Tibbetts traduit à tort, p. 222, « Burkhut or al-Qism *). fn. 150 Teixeira, II, p. 9: l'ile de Broct que les Portugais appellent Queixome (avec la coutumière altération des noms indigènes par attraction d'un mot portugais familier, en l'espèce queixume, a plaintes). Balbi, p. 118 (ile de “Boreche “, “Boroche”). fn. 151 Nimdihi, 839. Sur le jardin royal, Titolo das remdas, p. 224. » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 2:IV/5:77-237 ~ p. 102 Harf : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 108674 coordinate: lat 26.231809 long 56.206527 NIMA/GNS names: Al Harf , Al Harf , Harf , Harf Ghabi , الحرف , VARIANT names: Harf , Harir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3798277 coordinate: lat 34.312206 long 46.200193 NIMA/GNS names: Harir , حریر , VARIANT names: Harir , ※ SOURCE for Harir « At 8½ and 11½ miles, respectively, are the villages of Halateh and Harir on the left of the road. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 151 Harm : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065910 coordinate: lat 28.179598 long 53.486656 NIMA/GNS names: Harm , هرم , VARIANT names: Haram , Harm , Harür , Herm , Hurmuz? , ※ SOURCE for Haram « fn. 2 The towns of Haram and Käriyan lie 7 and 6 leagues respectively to the north- west of Bid Shahr. Haram or Harm is probably identical with the stage which Muqaddasi calls Hurmuz, lying one march from Kärzin. Istakhri, who also mentions this Hurmuz, says it had no Friday Mosque, being but a small place. » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 117 ※ SOURCE for Harm « The nearest regular stage was Harm, nearly fifty miles distant, but our guide proposed that we should camp by a pool in the wilderness, and reach Harm next day. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 111 ※ SOURCE for Harür « 2 SARGAH 8 m. General direction N.- W. At 3 miles village of Harür, with houses and extensive date groves. Then 5 miles over a muddy plain to Sargah. Sargah is a miserable little village. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 467 ※ SOURCE for Herm « Herm 6 Farsangs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Hurmuz? « fn. 2 The towns of Haram and Käriyan lie 7 and 6 leagues respectively to the north- west of Bid Shahr. Haram or Harm is probably identical with the stage which Muqaddasi calls Hurmuz, lying one march from Kärzin. Istakhri, who also mentions this Hurmuz, says it had no Friday Mosque, being but a small place. » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 117 Harmin : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PEN UFI: -786472 coordinate: lat 20.490313 long 58.383015 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) NIMA/GNS names: Bar al Hikman , Barr al Hikman , VARIANT names: Harmin , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Harmin FOR Hormanus River [Forster, The Rev. Charles], ※ SOURCE for Harmin exact position not yet established see additional notes « HARMIN, a village of Arabia, on the SE coast of Oman, opposite the island of Maceira. » #2685 ed. Member of the RGS, A Gazetteer of the World, or Dictionary of Geographical Knowledge Vol. III Derrygate-Hensall, A. Fullarton, Edinburgh, 1856 ~ p. 816 Hormanus fl., a r. of Arabia Felix, falling into Erythraeum mare s.w. of Abissa, Harmin. [no separate listing for Abissa or Harmin] #682 Hazlitt, William, The Classical Gazetteer, A Dictionary of Ancient Sites, Senate, London, 1851 ~ p.178 « Harmin, a town on the coast of Arabia, proviuce of Hadramaut » #2635 London Universal Gazetteer, The New London Universal Gazetteer, Or Alphabetical Geography ... Illustrated by Maps and Engravings ... Third Edition, George Virtue, 1826 ~ p. 410 Division. — 6. Oman, or Mufcat, is the largest and moft confiderable Kingdom of Arabia. Chief Towns. — Distance and Bearing. Niban — 60 NE of Mirabat Mufcat — 400 NE of Niban Hafen —70 NE of Niban Harmin — 160 NE of Hafen Ganca — 120 S of Mufcat Sohar — 10 NW of Mufcat Julphar — 130 E of Sohar Elcatiff — 350 E of Elcatiff In #2688 Joseph Randall, A System of Geography or, A Dissertation on the Creation and Various Phaenomena of the Terraqueous Globe …, J. Lord, London, 1744 ~ p. 416 In his book Mitchell lists Harmin twice, both in Arabia but one a town the other a cape. #2689 Samuel Augustus Mitchell, An Accompaniment to Mitchell's Map of the World, on Mercator's Projection, S. Augustus Mitchell, Philadephia, 1846 ~ p.47 Shown west of southern end of Masirah Island in {map#907 Asia upon the Globular Projection, Eman. Bowen, 1762, #2687 Benjamin Martin, Physico-geology: or, A new system of philosophical geography. Containing a new and general description of the terraqueous globe, etc, W. Owen, London, 1769 ~}, {map#901 Cart de la Turquie de l'Arabie et de la Perse, G. de l'Isle et Ph. Buache, 1780, }, Harmul : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788640 coordinate: lat 24.527334 long 56.596528 NIMA/GNS names: Harmul , Harmul , Harmul , Sahil Harmul , حرمول , VARIANT names: Harmul , ※ SOURCE for Harmul « Harmül [Port.] Liwa Town. [Inland area served by the port.] None of its own. [Vessels owned at the port.] Boats from Khāburah bring cargoes for Liwa, which is the trade centre of this part.[ Places to which the larger vessels run.] » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p.286 Harom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065916 coordinate: lat 28.90543 long 53.71467 NIMA/GNS names: Harom , هارم , VARIANT names: Harom , Harum , Harun , ※ SOURCE for Harum « Harum 5 miles S. E. of Fasā » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 162 ※ SOURCE for Harun « Harun » in {map#1192 in #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ fig. Map showing road from Shiraz to Jashk sheet 1} Hasaifin : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786019 coordinate: lat 24.632222 long 56.528056 NIMA/GNS names: Al Hasaifin , Al Husaifin , Al Husayfin , Hasaifin , Haseifin , Husayfin , VARIANT names: Hasaifin , Hessefin , ※ SOURCE for Hessefin « Hessefin » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. Wellsted Royal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} Hasan Gilan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3389968 coordinate: lat 32.092834 long 63.697109 Supplement: NIMA/GNS data has two sets of coordinates for the one UFI -3389968 32.0908333, 63.695,Hasn Gilan,PPLQ and 32.092834, 63.697109,Hasan Gilan,PPLQ. the latter has been adopted NIMA/GNS names: Sangilan , سنگیلان , VARIANT names: Hasan Gilan , Hasn Gilan , ruined fort , ※ SOURCE for Hasn Gilan « 11. Hasn Gilan (15 miles-138 miles 4 furlongs). A ruined fort; water, forage, and grass scarce. The Darwaza pass is crossed about the third mile. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 ※ SOURCE for ruined fort « The 31st other five p. to an old ruined fort, where we could get nothing but water, and that was stinking. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 214 Hasan Langi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066148 coordinate: lat 27.3508 long 56.8445 NIMA/GNS names: Hasan Langi , Hasan Langi-ye Pa'in , حسن لنگی , حسن لنگی پائين , VARIANT names: Hasan Langi , ※ SOURCE for Hasan Langi ref302p98 #302 Carls, Hans-Georg, Alt-Hormoz, ein historischer Hafen an der Strasse von Hormoz (Iran) : Retrospekt und Prospekt zu einem ungelosten archaologischen, geographischen und orientalischen Problem, Minerva Publikation, Munich, 1982 ~ Hasan, Havasc : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.270464 long 53.157306 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Hasan, Havasc , ※ SOURCE for Hasan, Havasc « La domenica, diciannove di giugno, poco innanzi l'alba, avendo fatto la notte circa a cinque leghe, ci fermammo a ripo- sare sotto una villa, non la maggiore, ma una delle piccole, della giurisdizione di Selvistan, per poco spazio dalla maggior separata, che la chiamano Hasan, Havasc; e questo nome può interpre- tarsi, Buona è l'aria sua. [On Sunday, the nineteenth of June, just before dawn, having fallen into the night about five leagues away, we stopped to rest under a villa, not the largest, but one of the small ones, in the jurisdiction of Selvistan, a short distance from the separated major, who call it Hasan, Havasc; and this name can be interpreted, Good is his air.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ pt. 2 p. 361 Hasana : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3187469 coordinate: lat 15.041667 long 50.506667 NIMA/GNS names: Hasana , Hasanah , VARIANT names: Hasana , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Hasana FOR Thialemath [Pleiads Rep.Point], Hasanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066410 coordinate: lat 31.939017 long 48.929838 NIMA/GNS names: Hasanabad , Hesamabad , حسام آباد , VARIANT names: Hasanabad , Hasanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066048 coordinate: lat 34.164883 long 46.658887 NIMA/GNS names: Hasanabad , Hasanabad-e Zobeyri , Zibiri , Zibri , Zibri Hasan Abad , Zobeyri , Zobeyri Hasanabad , حسن آباد , VARIANT names: Hasanabad , Hasanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066062 coordinate: lat 35.36732 long 51.234977 NIMA/GNS names: Hasanabad , Hasanabad-e Fashafuyeh , حسن آباد , حسن آباد فشافویه , VARIANT names: Hasanabad , Hoseinabad , ※ SOURCE for Hoseinabad « but at Hoseinabad a handsome ruffian in a great shako actually condescended to hasten himself (I found he came from Tiflis ; I » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 299 Hasanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3066031 coordinate: lat 33.3972 long 50.3746 NIMA/GNS names: Hasan Abad Khonsar , Hasanabad , حسن آباد , VARIANT names: Hasanabad , Hasanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065969 coordinate: lat 28.3863 long 53.1353 NIMA/GNS names: Hasanabad , حسن آباد , VARIANT names: Hasanabad , Zivri , ※ SOURCE for Hasanabad « Hasanabad » in {map#1185 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I. Index Map, , , #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~} « Hasanabad » in {map#1232 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, parts of Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1915, Qatar Digital Library fig. Sheet No. 17 1915} « At 10 miles the plain is reached, with a plentiful stream of water and the village of Hasanābād. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 153 ※ SOURCE for Zivri « ; d'où étant partis le furlen--demain, nous allames en trois heu-res à Zivri, [; from where having left the furlen--tomorrow, we went in three hours to Zivri,] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 178 Hasanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10030258 coordinate: lat 29.4977 long 52.5003 NIMA/GNS names: Hasanabad , حسن آباد , VARIANT names: Hasanabad , Hasanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194909 coordinate: lat 31.25 long 52.55 NIMA/GNS names: Hasanabad , VARIANT names: Hasanabad , Hasanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066865 coordinate: lat 32.485179 long 60.215226 NIMA/GNS names: Hasanabad , Hoseynabad , Hoseynabad-e Ghiab , Hoseynabad-e Ghinab , Husainabad , حسين آباد غيناب , VARIANT names: Hasanabad , Husainabad , ※ SOURCE for Husainabad « From Duruh to the flourishing village of Husainábád, the older town of Sar-Bishah, the old fort and modern village of Mod, » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 76 Hasanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065966 coordinate: lat 28.169995 long 53.965545 NIMA/GNS names: Hasanabad , Hasanabad-e Juyom , حسن آباد , VARIANT names: Deh-Dombe , Hasanabad , ※ SOURCE for Deh-Dombe [The Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi (Dehidombe) is situated 406m at a heading of 238° from Hasanad which is more than likely to be the approximate position of the old Deh-Dombe. PBR] « Un sentier, sur la montagne à gauche, conduit au village de Deh-Dombé, situé dans le N. O. [A path, on the mountain on the left, leads to the village of Deh-Dombé, located in the N.W.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 451 Hasanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065973 coordinate: lat 28.7928 long 54.303 NIMA/GNS names: Hasanabad , حسن آباد , VARIANT names: Hasanabad , Hassanabad , Hassan-Abad , ※ SOURCE for Hassanabad « 10-50 A.M. passed the village of Hassanábád, » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 8 ※ SOURCE for Hassan-Abad « Après avoir marché pendant environ une heure dans des champs labourés , en côtoyant de loin un ruisseau , nous passâmes près de Hassan - Abâd , hameau baigné par un torrent que nous traversâmes à gué. [After walking for about an hour in plowed fields, skirting a stream from a distance, we passed near Hassan-Abad, a hamlet bathed by a torrent which we forded.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 353 Hasani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745108 coordinate: lat 28.305293 long 53.755631 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht-e Hasani Yek , Dehkadeh-ye `Ashayeri-ye Hasani , Hasani , حسنی , دشت حسنی یک , دهکده عشایری حسنی , VARIANT names: Hasani , ※ SOURCE for Hasani « Den 15. dito na middernagt braken wy ten 2 uuren weder op, trokken over een klynen berg, dog heel elendig in 't afklimmen, zynde niet als gladde klip, en Key-fteenen van ongemeene grootte. Wy moeften van onze paarden aftreden, en klauterden met groot gevaar den berg, Cotal Hafani genaamd, af. [Just after midnight on the 15th we started again at 2 o'clock, crossed a clumsy mountain, but very difficult to climb down, not like a smooth cliff, and Keystones of unusual size. We had to dismount from our horses, and at great risk climbed down the mountain called Cotal Hafani.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 264 Hasanijeh Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.048572 long 51.03201 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Hasanijeh Caravanserai کاروانسرای حسنیجه VARIANT names: Hasanijeh Caravanserai , Karavanserail Hoseyndjeh , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Hoseyndjeh « Karavanserail Hoseyndjeh (Taf. 6,3-7,1) (Abb. 12; 58) (51)Lage: Das Karavanserail (bei M. Siroux: Aznidjeh) steht 36 km südöstlich des Karavanserails Madar-e Shah am Paß von Dhor (Dar/Dor), 30 km südöstlich der Station bei Khun-dab und 18 km südöstlich des Ortes Khundab, in +1880 m ü.N.N., am Wege von Esfahan nach Golpayegan, am Rande des gleichnamigen Dorfes.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, vier Stallabtei-lungen, Rundtürmen an den Außenecken und vorgezogenem Portalbau.Abmessungen: 58,30 x 50 m Außenmaße, ohne Turmund Portalvorsprünge, 28,50 x 23 m Hofabmessungen. Kuppeldurchmesser 6,50 m (Abb. 59), Höhe der zugespitzten Kuppel 10,70 m und Höhe des Portalbaus 8,40 m (Abb. 60).Baumaterial: Gebrannte Ziegel (22/22/4,5 cm) auf stein-erkleidetem Sockel.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Das Gebäude ist rheblich beschädigt.Inschriften: Inschriftnische über dem Portal, Inschrift erlorengegangen.Datierung: Safavidisch, 17. Jahrhundert, wahrscheinlich Leichzeitig mit Karavanserail Dhor (Dar/Dor) erbaut. fn. 51 Siroux, a.a.O., 144 ff. Der Plan des Obergeschosses, Schnitte und die Frontansicht wurden am 13. 6. 1987 vermessen. [Hoseyndjeh Caravanserai (Plates 6.3-7.1) (Fig. 12; 58)51Location: The caravanserai (in M. Siroux: Aznidjeh) stands 36 km southeast of the Madar-e Shah caravanserai at the Dhor (Dar/Dor) pass, 30 km southeast of the station at Khundab and 18 km southeast of the village of Khundab, at an altitude of 1880 m above sea level, on the road from Isfahan to Golpayegan, on the outskirts of the village of the same name.Type: Courtyard caravanserai with four iwans, four stables, round towers at the outer corners, and a projecting portal.Dimensions: 58.30 x 50 m external dimensions, excluding tower and portal projections, 28.50 x 23 m courtyard dimensions. Dome diameter 6.50 m (Fig. 59), height of the pointed dome 10.70 m, and height of the portal structure 8.40 m (Fig. 60).Building material: Fired bricks (22/22/4.5 cm) on a stone-clad base.Structural features and condition: The building is significantly damaged.Inscriptions: Inscription niche above the portal, inscription lost.Dating: Safavid, 17th century, probably built at the same time as the Dhor (Dar/Dor) caravanserai. fn. 51 Siroux, op. cit., 144 ff. The plan of the upper floor, sections, and the front elevation were surveyed on June 13, 1987.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 36 Hasham-e Champah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10966785 coordinate: lat 26.795192 long 54.745138 NIMA/GNS names: Champah , Hasham-e Champah , چمپه , حشم چمپه , VARIANT names: Hasham-e Champah , Hashemabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 12362251 coordinate: lat 30.481038 long 54.229098 NIMA/GNS names: Hashemabad , Hashemabad-e Bala , هاشم آباد , هاشم آباد بالا , VARIANT names: Hashemabad , Hashimabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066191 coordinate: lat 30.1095 long 52.6745 NIMA/GNS names: Hashemabad , Hashimabad , هاشم آباد , VARIANT names: Hashimabad , Hashinaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066495 coordinate: lat 27.080877 long 53.52951 NIMA/GNS names: Eshniz , Hashinaz , Hashniz , Heshinaz , Heshniz , هشنيز , VARIANT names: Hashinaz , Hashniz , Hishnise , ※ SOURCE for Hashniz « Hashniz » in {map#1317 GSGS 4340 SOUTHERN ASIA 1:2 000 000 SOUTH IRAN, War Office, London, 1945, } ※ SOURCE for Hishnise « Hishnise » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Hashtadan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066211 coordinate: lat 30.101885 long 57.634733 Supplement: aa NIMA/GNS names: Hashtadan , Hashtadom , Hashtadun , هشتادان , VARIANT names: Hashtadan , Hashteyjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066218 coordinate: lat 29.9867 long 52.9595 NIMA/GNS names: Hashteyjan , Hashtijan , هشتیجان , VARIANT names: Hashteyjan , Hashtijan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066233 coordinate: lat 33.860694 long 50.776283 NIMA/GNS names: Hashtijan , Hastijan , هستيجان , VARIANT names: Hashtijan , Hasik : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787230 coordinate: lat 17.366667 long 55.283333 NIMA/GNS names: Hasik , VARIANT names: Hasec , Hasik , ※ SOURCE for Hasec we neared the group of islands known as Kourya-Muria , at the northeast end of a beautiful bay of which, bearing the same name, we came to anchor. Opposite to us lay the small town of Hasec, the territory of which, situated partly in Hadramaut and partly in Oman proper, extends from Cape Mindjy to Cape Mastraka. This harbor abounds in marine plants used in the manufacture of soda. The neighboring mountains are covered with layers of shells and deposits of guano, to secure a nonopoly of which latter steps were taken by the British government in 1857. #2690 Co. Louis Du Couret, Life in the Desert or, Recollections of Travel in Asia and Africa, Mason Brothers, New York, 1860 ~ p. 437 Hasnijeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067046 coordinate: lat 33.050302 long 51.032839 NIMA/GNS names: Hasnijeh , Hoseyni , Hoseynjeh , Husaini , Husni , حسنیجه , حسینجه , VARIANT names: Aznidjeh , Hasnijeh , Hoseynojeh , Husaini , Husseinjeh , large town Caravansarai , ※ SOURCE for Aznidjeh « Aznidjeh » in {map#1345 in #3345 Siroux, Maxime, Anciennes voies et monuments routiers de la région d'Ispahân, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1971 ~ fig. Anciennes Routes vers Ispahan} ※ SOURCE for Hoseynojeh « Hoseynojeh » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt Khuzestan, Boyerahmad va Kohgiluyeh, Caharmahal va Bakhtiari und Esfahan} ※ SOURCE for Husaini « At 24 miles is Husaini, a village containing 120 houses, the yearly produce of which is 900 kharwars of wheat and barley. The maliat is 1,000 tomans cash. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 235 ※ SOURCE for Husseinjeh « Husseinjeh » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 3 Karte Irans, Ausschnitt der Regionen Teheran - Esfahan - Shiraz} ※ SOURCE for large town Caravansarai « lay at Deha (1): 9 houres. All good way. About an hour short of this place we passed by a large town and a good Caravansarai. fn.1 Challisea and Deha appear in Dupré (Voyage en Perse, i, 288, 287) as Tchallisié and Dehak. He mentions a great caravanserai at the former, but ascribes the building to the munificence of the grandmother of Futteh 'Ali Shah, then reigning.-Y.» #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 214 Hassa : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787233 coordinate: lat 26.24038 long 56.3174 NIMA/GNS names: Ghassah , Hasa , Hassa , Hassah , غصة , VARIANT names: Hassa , ※ SOURCE for Hassa « No 1434. Dated 16th read 17th March 1930. Survey party landed at Jabalsham this Sunday morning and have now been re embarked. Essential work has been completed and it is not expected that they will be required to land again. It is reported that Sheikh of Hassa has been arrested by Sheikh of Khasab for allowing party to land last week. Wali considers he would be in danger if His Majesty's Ship left Khasab and has stated that in that event he would not remain. It is now considered improbable he would be attacked but he would probably have difficulty in obtaining provisions and it is unlikely that Sheikh will come to terms with him. Lupin » #2787 ‘File No XXVIII/12 Khasab Visit of H.M.S. “Ormonde and Bombardment from 20-12-29 to 28-5-30.’ [?46r] (91/322), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/6/41, in Qatar Digital Library online reference link/81055/vdc_100046245630.0x00005c [accessed 3 April 2023] Hassa 8 : arch. site OMN UTM: DE317022 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2378061419255 long 56.3161572907688 VARIANT names: Hassa 8 , ※ SOURCE for Hassa 8 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 36 Hastanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066043 coordinate: lat 33.874503 long 49.896036 NIMA/GNS names: Hasanabad , Hastanabad , Hoseynabad , حسن آباد , حسين آباد , هستن آباد , VARIANT names: Hastanabad , ※ SOURCE for Hastanabad « At 8¼ miles is Hastanābād, a small walled village containing 10 houses and a qanat. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 238 Hauzdar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: -3067084 coordinate: lat 30.5724 long 61.2453 NIMA/GNS names: Hauzdar , Howzdar , Howzdar , Qal`eh-i-Rustam , حوضدر , VARIANT names: Hauzdar , Hauz-i Sefid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RSV UFI: -3083234 coordinate: lat 32.683333 long 55.333333 NIMA/GNS names: Hauz-i Sefid , Howz-e Sefid , حوز سفيد , VARIANT names: Hauz-i Sefid , Hauz-i-Miyan-i-Taq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3067090 coordinate: lat 32.416667 long 54.933333 NIMA/GNS names: Hauz-i-Miyan-i-Taq , Howz-e Meyan Tak , Howz-e Mian Tak , Howz-e Mian Taq , VARIANT names: Hauz-i-Miyan-i-Taq , Haviz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.930226 long 53.27061 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Haviz , ※ SOURCE for Haviz « At 2½ miles Haviz on the E. bank of the river. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 [stage distance 17½ miles actual length 22.3 miles. corrected to 3.2 miles. PBR] Hawdze Madad Mandeh : stream grp 41 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: -3377487 coordinate: lat 31.878108 long 64.348565 NIMA/GNS names: Hawdze Madad Mandeh , Howz-e Madad Mandeh , Khauza-Madadmandekh , حوض مدد مانده , شيله حوض مدد , VARIANT names: Hawdze Madad Mandeh , Hayat ol Gheyb : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066265 coordinate: lat 33.470587 long 47.930651 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Hayat ol Ghiab , Emamzadeh Seyyed Mohammad HayatOl Gheyb , Hayat ol Gheyb , Imamzadeh Hayat al Gha`ib , امامزاده حيات الغياب , امامزاده سيد محمد هياتل غيب , حیات الغیب , VARIANT names: Hayat ol Gheyb , ※ SOURCE for Hayat ol Gheyb « From the camp of the Hayat Ghaibi saiyids we followed the left bank of the river, north-westwards, over rolling downs grown with ilex, with patches of cultivation in the rich brown soil, to the camp of Kalantar Ibrahim of the Shiravand tribe at Baraftab Gam, about a mile from the Kashgan bridge (28 miles » #3519 C. J. Edmonds, Luristan: Pish-i-Kuh and Bala Gariveh (Continued), The Geographical Journal, London, 1922 vol. 59:no. 6:437-451 ~ p. 449 Hayy : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -787341 coordinate: lat 20.74314 long 58.30207 NIMA/GNS names: Haij , Hayy , Jabah Hij , Jabat Hij , جبة حج , VARIANT names: Haij , Hayy , ※ SOURCE for Haij « … other, the dry lower courses of Wadi Halfain which here spread out delta fashion and debouch on to the marshy flats of Ghubbat Hashish. We camped in the Wadi Halfain at Haij. The sky becoming overcast prevented my taking star sights that evening, and a drizzling rain developed into a storm. My small tent came crashing about my ears in the small hours amidst thunder and lightning; my Badawi were drenched to the skin, but the wadi did not flow. In contrast to the poor water-holes in the sand I had so far met with, the well of Haij was imposing. Six feet in diameter, it was well built of large stones, polished with age, with projecting stones at convenient intervals to admit of descent, and grooves half-inch deep edging the lip caused by long contact of bucket-ropes, suggested a high antiquity. The Hikmanis of Mahot and Bar al Hikman obtain their water from Haij, and two Hikmani girls were watering their camels when we arrived at the well. Water was plentiful at 20 feet. » #2698 Bertram Thomas, The South-Eastern Borderlands of Rub' al Khali, The Geographical Journal, London, Vol. 73:No. 3: pp. 193-212 ~ p. 198 ※ SOURCE for Hayy « We watered next day at Haij ; 46 the water here is the sweetest in either the Halfain or the Andam, where most of the wells are slightly brackish. The Halfain enters the sea opposite Mahut which can be seen on a clear day from this well, as can Masira island, but driving sand and dust limited our view to less than 100 yards. We camped 7 miles to the east of Haij where the Andam spreads out and ends in a wide tree-filled basin surrounded by low sands. » #134 Thesiger, Wilfred P., Desert Borderlands of Oman, The Geographical Journal, London, 1950 (Oct.) 116:4/6:137-68 ~ p.150 Hazar Mardom : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 28.825912 long 50.88762 VARIANT names: Hazar Mardom , ※ SOURCE for Hazar Mardom « Hazar Mardom » in {map#1184 Figure 3.11: Left: Williamson’s map of later Sasanian-period settlement on the Bushehr peninsula (after Whitehouse and Williamson 1973: Figure 4);, , , #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~} p. 43 Hazareh Castle (Bibi Minoo) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.152565 long 57.077811 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Hazareh Castle (Bibi Minoo) , ※ SOURCE for Hazareh Castle (Bibi Minoo) « Ardashir Babakan is recognized as having started the construction of Minab. However, according to the locals of this city, it was constructed in the distant past by two sisters by the names of Bibi Mino and Bibi Naznin. The Minab Castle is the only structure that still exists from Minab, a once-thriving city that was obliterated by the Mongol invasion, according to historical records. » online reference link [accessed 18 Mar 2024] Heidar Abad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066507 coordinate: lat 27.909 long 56.7336 NIMA/GNS names: Heidar Abad , Heydarabad , حيدر آباد , VARIANT names: Heidar Abad , Heidar Abad Kahnooj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066508 coordinate: lat 27.9355 long 57.6956 NIMA/GNS names: Heidar Abad Kahnooj , Heydarabad , Heydarabad-e Kahnuj , حیدر آباد , VARIANT names: Heidar Abad Kahnooj , Kahnuj , Khanu , ※ SOURCE for Kahnuj « Kahnuj » in google maps ※ SOURCE for Khanu « At this halt we had expected to meet our "Mihmandar" (caterer), deputed by the Governor of Kirman to attend us; but Jafir Khan, the headman of the district, stated he had gone on to Kh?nu, a village distant between 30 or 40 miles, and was there awaiting us. After a day's halt we proceeded across a fine plain, passing at one time through abrupt rocks, to the spot indicated, dividing our march into two stages. At Khànu, a fort-crowned village and headquarters of the Rudbar district, » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 66 Helesat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3194930 coordinate: lat 31.7 long 50.6 NIMA/GNS names: Helesat , Hilisat , هلسات , VARIANT names: Helesat , Helleh Rude : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3066318 coordinate: lat 29.146238 long 50.644843 Supplement: The Helleh River is a river which is formed by the confluence of the Shapur River and the Dalaki River which run from the Zagros Mountains. NIMA/GNS names: Helleh , Hilleh Rud , Rud-e Helleh , Rudkhaneh-ye Hallah , Rudkhaneh-ye Halleh , Rudkhaneh-ye Helleh , رودخانه حله , VARIANT names: Boshavir Fl. , Granis , Helleh Rude , Khisht river , Ratin , Rod Hilleh , Roudchone Boufchavir , Sirt fl. , ※ SOURCE for Boshavir Fl. « Boshavir Fl. » in {map#1041 Sur le Golfe Persiq ? [sic], Jean-Baptiste d' Anville, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6743)} « Il eft auffi mention du fleuve Granis dans Pline, comme pouvant recevoir de petits bâtimens: mais on peut l'accufer d'erreur dans ce qu'il ajoûte, per Sufianen fluit. Cette rivière ne peut être que celle qui fe nomme aujourd'hui Boshavir. Elle tire ce nom, felon le géographe Turc, d'une ville fituée vers le haut de fon cours, fortant de la même chaîne de montagnes d'où fort la rivière de Kierazin. Son entrée étant regardée comme un port, fe Bender-Boshavir. [There is also mention of the Granis river in Pliny, as being able to receive small vessels: but one can accuse him of error in what he adds, per Susianen fluit. This river can only be the one which today is called Boshavir. It takes this name, according to the Turkish geographer, from a town located at the top of its course, fortifying the same mountain range from which the Kierazin river rises. Its entry being regarded as a port, is Bender-Boshavir.] » #2907 M. d'Anville, Recherches ge´ographiques sur le golfe Persique, et sur les bouches de l'Euphrate et du Tigre. In Mémoires de Littérature, Tirés des Registres de l'Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Tome Trentième., De l'imprimerie Royale, Paris, 1764, pp. 132-197 ~ p. 161 ※ SOURCE for Granis « According to Pliny, the river (Granis) is navigable for small vessels. Nowadays, the principal mouth presents difficulties to navigation because of its shallows; two minor mouths can be navigated up to some distance. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 9 p. 310 « From Mesambria they sailed and after a voyage of about two hundred stades anchored at Taoke on the river Granis.(35) Inland from here was a Persian royal residence, about two hundred stades from the mouth of the river. fn. 35 Presumably the Hilleh river. » #2870 E. Matin, The Achaemenid Settlement of Dashtestan (Borazjan): A View from Persepolis, ISMEO, 2020, ~ p. 344 « GRANIS fl., a r. of Persis, falling into Persicus sin. N. of Padargus fl. » #682 Hazlitt, William, The Classical Gazetteer, A Dictionary of Ancient Sites, Whittaker and Co., 1851, ~ p. 166 « When the empire of Cyrus was instituted, and Persepolis became a great capital, then the city at the mouth of the river Granis soon rose into importance, as the port from which all the supplies of merchandise came into the country.(1) fn. 1 The name of the city at the mouth of the Granis is not given by Arrian; but Tαόχη is mentioned some way up the stream, as the site of one of the royal palaces; and both Strabo and Ptolemy confirm this statement. Now Taoke is of course the Toug or Touj (ترج or ترگ) of the Arabic geographers, immediately at the foot of the mountains on the road from Shiraz to Genava » #3041 Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society, Royal Geographical Society, London, 1855 - 1857 ~ pp. 283-4 ※ SOURCE for Helleh Rude « The lower course, the proper river of Tawwadj, is formed by the junction of two streams, the Shapur and the Dalaki Rud, rising both in the southwestern border mountains of the Persian plateau » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ IX:309b ※ SOURCE for Khisht river « Khisht river » in {map#1120 General Map of Persia, James Silk Buckingham, , #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971 ~} ※ SOURCE for Ratin « 11. Tavaz or Tawwaj [Biruni, Canon, gives also the form Tava] lay on the river Ratin (now Rüd-i Hilla), probably near the junction of its head- waters coming from Shapur and Daliki, cf. Ist., 120. Cf. § 6, 30. and 31. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 377 « Istakhri beschreibt auch den Nahr Girsik, heute Gereh, einen Neben- fluss des Ratin, und den Ikhsin, einen Nebenfluss des Giršik. Der Ratin ist danach ganz sicher der heutige Rüdkhane i Daleki, der Nahr Sabür ist der Fluss der Ruinenstadt Sahpür. [Istakhri also describes the Nahr Girsik, today Gereh, a tributary of the Ratin, and the Ikhsin, a tributary of the Giršik. The Ratin is definitely today's Rüdkhane i Daleki, the Nahr Sabür is the river of the ruined city of Sahpür.] » #3048 Herzfeld, Ernst, Pasargadae: Aufnahmen und Untersuchungen zur persischen Archaeologie, Klio, 1907 ~ p. 8 ※ SOURCE for Rod Hilleh ROD HILLEH (RIVER) - river in Fars, which is formed by the junction of the Dalaki and Shahpur streams at Darudgah in the Zira district. The name Rüd Hilleh, however, also appears to be used indiscriminately for either, or both, of the two streams which go to form the main river. Bell says that it is also called the Shatt Bani Lamini. There is a ford across the river at Angali, or Mehmadshahi, as it is usually called (q.v.). At Mahmadi it can be crossed in boats. At Mahmadi the inundations from the river reach for miles round from Basri to Muhrazi. The overflow from the Bidn Sur nearly reaches the overflow of the Rüd Hilleh below Majuun and Kaleh Sirhan. A thick layer of mnd covers the countryside At Mahmad the river rises up to 24 feet. Bell says that the river is fordable at Kaleh Sirhan It is there a sluggish stream, 100 yards wide, 3' 6" deep, with a firm, sandy bottom, and flowing between banks 12 feet high-Bell Chick, 1910.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 L - Z p. 845 ※ SOURCE for Roudchone Boufchavir « After that we had good way, but ftill amongft Hills until half an hour after fix, that we found a great broad and deep River, called Roudchone Boufchavir, the water of which tafts a little fwectifh; the fource of it is near the Town called Sscelefton, which is a days Journy from Karzerum Northwards, and fes it felf in the Sea towards Bender-Rik: we Coafted along it, at firft in lain for the fpace of an hour, and after that mounting during a quarter of an ir, we continued our Journy by a flat way for another quarter, and then loft at of the River for the fpace of half an hour, going up Hill all the while, until out half an hour after nine, we joyned it again, and Travelled on along the fides it an hour and a half in very good way. Part II. p. 150 » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thevenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687, ~ ※ SOURCE for Sirt fl. « About ten a Clock we Foarded over a large Brook that falls into the River of Boufchavir. This may very well be the River which Sanfon marks in his Map, by the name of Sirt: we Foarded it again a quarter of an hour after, and then five times an end; fo that in less than half an hours time we croffed it fix times; having the water always up to the Mules Belly, for five or fix, and in fome places more than feven Fathom in breadth: it is fo broad and deep in Winter, that it can no ways be Foarded over; » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thevenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687, ~ pt. 2 p. 150 « Sirt fl. » in {map#1130 L'Arabie Petree, Deserte, et Heureuse, Sanson, Nicolas, 1652, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 11574.027} Helmand : stream grp 38 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3377340 coordinate: lat 31.2 long 61.5666667 NIMA/GNS names: Darya-i- Hermand , Darya-ye Helmand , Etymander , Helmand , Helmand Rud , Helmund , Hilmand Rud , Rode Helmand , Rud-e Hirmand , Rud-eHirmand , Rudkhaneh-ye Hirmand , VARIANT names: Helmand , Helmund river : stream grp 41 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.223869 long 64.214091 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Helmund river , ※ SOURCE for Helmund river « Helmund river » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 34 Balochistan 1911} Hena' : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065796 coordinate: lat 28.565187 long 53.516798 NIMA/GNS names: Hana , Hena' , Qal`eh-i-Hina , حنا , VARIANT names: Hena' , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Hena' FOR Djevé [[PBR]], Hendeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066353 coordinate: lat 33.395813 long 50.019002 NIMA/GNS names: Hendeh , هنده , VARIANT names: Hendeh , Hendorabi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3066366 coordinate: lat 26.6739 long 53.6321 NIMA/GNS names: Hendorabi , Hindarabi Island , Jazirat Hindarabi , Jazireh-e Hendarabi , Jazireh-ye Hendorabi , Jazireh-ye Hendowrabi , Jazireh-ye Hendurabi , جزيره هندرابی , جزیره هندورابی , VARIANT names: Abrûn , Amderipe , Andarabi , Andarún , Anderabim , Andra , Andra , Andra[w?]h , andrauy , Andreuy , Andrevy , Androvaru , Androvary ou dos Paxaros , Caicandsur , Damdarouia , dandarabim , Diandorbin , Handarabi , Hendorabi , Hindarabà , Hindarabi , Hinderabia , Kaikander , Sayb Su'ayb , y.dahareb? , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Hendorabi FOR Casandra Island [Findlay], ※ SOURCE for Abrûn « Abrûn, (Ibn Khordadhbeh) [Arabische Geografen]» #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ De plaatsnamen door Roobacker genoemd en de overeenkomstige op oudere en nieuwere kaarten. [The place names mentioned by Robacker and the corresponding ones on older and newer maps.] table after p. 380 ※ SOURCE for Amderipe « Amderipe» in {map#997 [Carte anglaise du golfe Persique] / Made by John Thornton at the Signe of the Platt in the Minories, John Thornton, 1699, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 5 RES} see AHduGP map 87 ※ SOURCE for Andarabi « Andarabi, (Abulfeda) [Arabische Geografen]» #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ De plaatsnamen door Roobacker genoemd en de overeenkomstige op oudere en nieuwere kaarten. [The place names mentioned by Robacker and the corresponding ones on older and newer maps.] table after p. 380 ※ SOURCE for Andarún « Ibn-Khordâdbeh nennt diese kleine, vom Festlande durch einen 4 Miles breiten Fahrcanal geschiedene Insel Abrün, richtiger Andarún اندرون , Abalfedà Andaraba اندرابه, d. h. ,inmitten des Wassers gelegen'; die portugiesischen Seekarten schreiben Andarabym, Andarvia, Barbosa und Teixeira Andravy, Balbi Andrabè; Thevenot lobt das Trinkwasser, das freilich im Sommer brackisch wird. Die Natur gleicht der von Keis; in der Mitte erhebt sich ein Hügel zu 100. Auch in Καίκ-ανδρος erkennt man das persische Wort antar, andar ,zwischen; . [Ibn-Khordâdbeh calls this small island, separated from the mainland by a 4-mile wide canal, Abrun, more correctly Andarún اندرون , Abalfedà Andaraba اندرابه, d. H. 'located in the midst of the water'; the Portuguese nautical charts write Andarabym, Andarvia, Barbosa and Teixeira Andravy, Balbi Andrabè; Thevenot praises the drinking water, which of course becomes brackish in summer. The nature resembles that of Keis; in the middle rises a hill to 100. Also in Καίκ-ανδρος one recognizes the Persian word antar, andar, between;.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 ~ p. 54 ※ SOURCE for Anderabim « ANDERABIM, ilha de - A ilha Hinderabi ou jezirat Hinderabi, em 26° 40' lat. N. e 53° 37' longo E., no golfo Pérsico. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C, p. 30 ※ SOURCE for Andra « Barbosa's Portuguese form. | Other authorities. | Modern. 2. Andra. | Andrany (Sp.). Andravy in Rainel. | Hinderäbi I.» #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol. 1 p. 81 ※ SOURCE for Andra[w?]h « Andra[w?]h » in {map#1097 19 Persia, Arabia, Felix, Hacke, William., 1690?, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. G2201.P5 H3 1690} ※ SOURCE for andrauy andrauy, dandarabim, y.dahareb? [Portuguese name] Hindarābi [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Andreuy « ANDREUY, ilha de - v. Anderabim, ilha de [Pedro Teixeira - Relações de ... ] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 31 ※ SOURCE for Andrevy « De même, un siècle plus tard, Teixeira, II, p. 66-67, écrit que “Phelur”, “Andrevy”, où les oiseaux étaient très nombreux, » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 97 ※ SOURCE for Androvaru « Androvaru » in {map#966 Nieuwe kaart van 't Ryk van Persie, Isaak Tirion, 1750, Barry Lawrence Ruderman stock# 83617} see AHduGP map 53 ※ SOURCE for Androvary ou dos Paxaros « Androvary, I., sive dos Paxares » in {map#985 Regnum Persicum Imperium Turcicum in In Asia Russorum Provinciae ad Mare Caspium, Reiner and Joshua Ottens, 1720, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Map Collection Stock# 43478} see AHduGP map 54 « I. d’Androvary, ou dos Paxaros » in {map#986 Carte de Perse dressée pour l'usage du Roy, Delisle, Guillaume, 1724, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE BB 565 (14, 8)} see AHduGP map 72 ※ SOURCE for Caicandsur #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, ※ SOURCE for Damdarouia « Damdarouia, J. (34 B) : Hendorabi » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006, ~ p. 418 ※ SOURCE for dandarabim andrauy, dandarabim, y.dahareb? [Portuguese name] Hindarābi [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Diandorbin « Diandorbin » in {map#653 Il Disegno Della Seconda Parte Dell' Asia, Giacomo Gastaldi, 1561 Venice, Il Disegno Della Seconda Parte Dell' Asia} see AHduGP map 29 ※ SOURCE for Handarabi « que seules Handarâbi et Lär (l'actuelle Sayb Su'ayb) pouvaient nourrir davantage qu'une poignée d'habitants. [only Handarâbi and Lär (present-day Sayb Su'ayb) could feed more than a handful of inhabitants.] » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 97 ※ SOURCE for Hindarabà « Mit Ίλα, einem nicht persisehen, sondern phönikisch- babylonischen Namen, fallt entweder das heutige Fischerdorf Cirûh zusammen oder der kleine Ankerplatz an der Nordküste des gegenüberliegenden Eilandes Hindarâbà, welcher Bäume und Brunnen besitzt. [Either the current fishing village of Cirûh or the small anchorage on the north coast of the opposite island of Hindarâbà, which has trees and wells, coincides with Ίλα, a name that is not Persian but Phoenician-Babylonian.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 ~ p. 54 ※ SOURCE for Hindarabi andrauy, dandarabim, y.dahareb? [Portuguese name] Hindarābi [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Hinderabia « HINDERABIA, in lat. 26° 39' N. lon. 53° 42' E., is a low, narrow, level island, about 3 miles in extent, with a grove of date trees near its centre. The channel between it and the main, is about 2 or miles wide, with soundings from 7 to 10 fathoms mud, and thought to be safe. If a ship run for shelter under this island, she ought not to approach its S. E. end within a mile, until a remarkable tree which stands by itself bears true W. 18° N. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ p. 262 ※ SOURCE for Kaikander « The course now lay along the coast of Persis, and after passing a desert island called Kaikander (Hindarabi) they came to another inhabited island, » #187 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., The Persian Gulf, an Historical Sketch from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century, George Allen and Unwin, London, 1928 ~ p. 41 ※ SOURCE for Sayb Su'ayb « que seules Handarâbi et Lär (l'actuelle Sayb Su'ayb) pouvaient nourrir davantage qu'une poignée d'habitants. [only Handarâbi and Lär (present-day Sayb Su'ayb) could feed more than a handful of inhabitants.] » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 97 ※ SOURCE for y.dahareb? andrauy, dandarabim, y.dahareb? [Portuguese name] Hindarābi [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 Hengam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3066378 coordinate: lat 26.6447 long 55.8824 NIMA/GNS names: Henjam Island , Jazirat Henjam , Jazireh-e-Hangam , Jazireh-ye Hangam , Jazireh-ye Hengam , Jezirat Henjam , جزيرت هنجام , جزيرت هنجم , جزيره هنگام , VARIANT names: Angam , Angar , Angom , Angon , Handjam , Hengam , Henjam , Hinjam , I. damguam , Lazão , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Hanjam I. FOR Melungan [Dames], ※ SOURCE for Angam « Nearchus, having sailed from Kishm abont two hundred stadia, arrived at a small island, which was said to be sacred to Neptune; this is now called Angar or Angam:* it is five or six miles in circumference, and is situated south of Kishm, about thirty miles east from Bassadore, and nearly opposite the town of Left. Fn. * More properly Hinjam or Hanjiim. But the Persians subitituted g for /, and say Hangam.-E. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 p. 279 ※ SOURCE for Angar « Nearchus, having sailed from Kishm abont two hundred stadia, arrived at a small island, which was said to be sacred to Neptune; this is now called Angar or Angam:* it is five or six miles in circumference, and is situated south of Kishm, about thirty miles east from Bassadore, and nearly opposite the town of Left. Fn. * More properly Hinjam or Hanjiim. But the Persians subitituted g for /, and say Hangam.-E. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 p. 279 ※ SOURCE for Angom « Wednesday the fixteenth of December, about break of day, we made on Head fix of the Ships which we left at Congo, that were not to fet out till fome days after us: during the late ftorms they had kept at Anchor at the Isle of Angom; and the Wind being good this laft night, they had fet Sail, and coafted along Arabia, and when we made them, they were Steering away South-Eaft, to double Cape Jafques. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thevenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 189 ※ SOURCE for Angon « Angon » in {map#997 [Carte anglaise du golfe Persique] / Made by John Thornton at the Signe of the Platt in the Minories, John Thornton, 1699, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 5 RES} see AHduGP map 87 ※ SOURCE for Handjam #1839 Morgan, Jacques de, Mission scientifique en Perse Tome Second Études Géographiques, Ernest Leroux, Paris, 1895 vol. 2: ~ Fig. 138. Djézirèt Handjam p. 294 ※ SOURCE for Henjam « LAZÃO, ilha do -A ilha Henjam, em 26° 38' lat. N. e 55° 52' long. E., no estreito de Ormuz. [Diogo do Couto-Da Asia].[ LAZÃO, island of -The island of Henjam, at 26° 38' lat. N. and 55° 52' long. E., in the Strait of Hormuz. [Diogo do Couto-Da Asia].] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N, p. 185 ※ SOURCE for Hinjam « Nearchus, having sailed from Kishm abont two hundred stadia, arrived at a small island, which was said to be sacred to Neptune; this is now called Angar or Angam:* it is five or six miles in circumference, and is situated south of Kishm, about thirty miles east from Bassadore, and nearly opposite the town of Left. Fn. * More properly Hinjam or Hanjiim. But the Persians subitituted g for /, and say Hangam.-E. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 p. 279 ※ SOURCE for I. damguam « I. damguam [Portuguese name] Hinjam [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p.100 ※ SOURCE for Lazão « LAZÃO, ilha do -A ilha Henjam, em 26° 38' lat. N. e 55° 52' long. E., no estreito de Ormuz. [Diogo do Couto-Da Asia].[ LAZÃO, island of -The island of Henjam, at 26° 38' lat. N. and 55° 52' long. E., in the Strait of Hormuz. [Diogo do Couto-Da Asia].] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N, p. 185 Hengou : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.594106 long 52.909779 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: unable to properly identify location. Dupré states 5 farsangs from Karzi and then 8 farsangs to Firouz-Abad. nearest village is Raichun, 6 .25 kms to east. VARIANT names: Hengou , ※ SOURCE for Hengou « Hengou 5 Farsangs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 492 Henguyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066717 coordinate: lat 27.813219 long 53.322388 NIMA/GNS names: Hangooyeh , Hengenuyeh , Hengenu'yeh , Hengu , Henguyeh , Hongu , Honguyeh , هنگنوئیه , هنگنویه , هنگویه , VARIANT names: Hanganu , Henguyeh , ※ SOURCE for Hanganu « According to the information I collected in Khunj in 1953, the busiest track then was that leading from Khunj to Gavbandi, via Hanganu (small qal'a 3 km east of Haftavan; » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ p. 28 Herat : place AFG NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3377359 coordinate: lat 34.345 long 62.1997222 NIMA/GNS names: Herat , Shahr-e Herat , VARIANT names: Alexandria Areion , Alexandria of the Arrians , Artacoana , Herat , Here, Ere , ※ SOURCE for Alexandria Areion owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Alexandria Areion, 62.2, 34.333, IR, nkn, exact, 60, tmcIRa0100_005a » ※ SOURCE for Alexandria of the Arrians Already old when Alexander named it. One of the principal marts of central Asia #334 p. 312 ※ SOURCE for Artacoana Alexandria (Herat) Afghanistan. Founded in 330, at Artacoana, capital of the province of that name at, or near, Herat on the Hari river. BIBLIOGRAPHY Plin. 6.21; Isodore Charax 15; Strab. 11.8.9; 10.1; Amm. Marc. 23.6.69. The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites Edited by: Richard Stillwell ※ SOURCE for Herat « 27. Herat (3 miles 180 yards-367 miles 3 furlongs). » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 « 37. Herat (3 miles-400 miles 4 furlongs). » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335 ※ SOURCE for Here, Ere « Partendo di qua el se ense de la Persia e vassi ad Ere, (301) terra posta ne la regione de Zagatai. fn. 301. Ere Häri o Herat, l'antica Aria. (Lo.) 302. figliol... del soldan Bossaith = figlio del sovrano timuride Abū Sa'id ibn Muhammad ibn Miränshah ibn Timur, che regnava sulla Transoxiana, sul Turkestan e su parte della Persia nord-orientale. Successe al padre, dopo che questi fu giustiziato nel 1468, e regnò fino alla morte, eccorsa nel 1493 per mano dell'uzbeco Shaibani Khan. (Lo.) [Leaving from here he departed from Persia and went to Ere, (301) a land situated in the region of Zagatai. fn. 301. Ere Häri or Herat, the ancient Aria. (Lo.) 302. son... of the sultan Bossaith = son of the Timurid ruler Abū Sa'id ibn Muhammad ibn Miränshah ibn Timur, who reigned over Transoxiana, Turkestan and part of north-eastern Persia. He succeeded his father, after the latter was executed in 1468, and reigned until his death in 1493 at the hands of the Uzbek Shaibani Khan. (Lo.)] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 142 Herat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086674 coordinate: lat 30.054072 long 54.372938 NIMA/GNS names: Burd Harat , Burd Herat , Harat Khowreh , Herat , Herat-i-Khurreh , Shahr-e Herat , Tajabad , Tajabad-e Harat , شهر هرات , هرات , VARIANT names: Harah , Harat-i-Khurreh , Herat , Khara (Herat) , ※ SOURCE for Harah « Chāhak can be safely identified with the Sahah mentioned by Ibn-al-Balkhi along with Harah, the present Harat-i-Khurreh, to the north of Chāhak. 'The climate here is temperate, but running streams are scarce. In Sahah they get iron, and of the steel make swords and other blades, which [after the name of the town] are called Chāhaki. Both these towns are populous.' The location of the Sahah or Sahak of the Arab geographers at Chāhak is confirmed by Istakhri's itinerary, which places it between Deh-i- mürd and Sarmaqan on the route from Istakhr towards Sirjān in the Kerman province. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 206 ※ SOURCE for Harat-i-Khurreh « Chāhak can be safely identified with the Sahah mentioned by Ibn-al-Balkhi along with Harah, the present Harat-i-Khurreh, to the north of Chāhak. 'The climate here is temperate, but running streams are scarce. In Sahah they get iron, and of the steel make swords and other blades, which [after the name of the town] are called Chāhaki. Both these towns are populous.' The location of the Sahah or Sahak of the Arab geographers at Chāhak is confirmed by Istakhri's itinerary, which places it between Deh-i- mürd and Sarmaqan on the route from Istakhr towards Sirjān in the Kerman province. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 206 ※ SOURCE for Khara (Herat) « After a long march we reached the district of Khára, also known as Herat, where we found ourselves in a most fertile oasis, » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 78 Heratemis : stream grp 23 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 28.826723 long 50.958351 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Heratemis , Phratemis , Phrystimus , ※ SOURCE for Heratemis « In Nearchus' voyage up the Iranian coast of the Gulf (18), the Bushire peninsula has long been identified as Mesambria, a land with many gardens and fruit trees. Nearchus found there the city of Hieratis, which might be identified as either Rishahr or the settlement at Hazar Mardom. The two anchorages are thus presumably at opposite ends of the peninsula. The Heratemis channel is usually placed south of Bushire; Whitehouse and Williamson have suggested a silted creek, presumably that near Bandargah. The Padargos torrent is usually placed near Shif (19). fn. 18 The account of Nearchus' report is preserved in Arrian's Indica, chapter XXXIX (emphasis added). fn. 19 D. WHITEHOUSE and A. WILLIAMSON, op. cit., n . 45; other discussions of this topography and toponyms are found in E. HERZFELD, “Pasargadae “, Klio, 8 (1908) ,po 7, and W. TOMASCHEK, “Topographische Erlauterung der Kustfahrt Nearchs “, Sitzungsberichte, Phil.hist. class. Akad. der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1890, p. 63. 20 This is found in Pliny's Natural History VI, XXVI, 10 » #3000 Donald Whitcomb, Bushire and the Angali Canal, Mesopotamia, 1987 22:pp. 311-36 ~ pp. 300-1 « A4 | Heratemis?/ Phratemis?/ Phrystimus? (Angali Canal) [name] | H?R?L? [period] | Arrian 8.39.1; RE Heratemis; Whitcomb 1987, 331 [reference] » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, ~ directory Map 94 Persis Canals p. 1340 « Da für Nearchs Flotte vor der Hügelstadt Hieratis kein Platz war, so legte dieselbe zuerst auf der Südseite der Halb- insel, am Canale Ηράτεμις an, welcher aus einem Flusse ins Meer hinaus führte. Bezeichnet ποταμός den Khôr Khuwairah des Festlandes Tangistan, oder vielmehr den Salzwassersumpf Mašilah an der Ostseite der Halbinsel, aus welchem ein schmaler Creek in die Halila-Bai, einem Ankerplatz 1 Mile östlich von Rås Halilah, hinausführt? Letztere Annahme dünkt uns wahrscheinlicher; 'Ηράτεμις oder 'Ράτεμις, den Ausgang des Mašîla-Canals, dürfen wir wohl in Φράτεμις verbessern; Φράτιμος scheint Onesicritus geschrieben zu haben: flumen navigabile Phrystimus (cod. E. Phriytimus). [Since there was no space for Nearch's fleet in front of the hill town of Hieratis, it first docked on the south side of the peninsula, at the Canale Ηράτεμις, which led from a river into the sea. Does ποταμός refer to the Khôr Khuwairah of mainland Tangistan, or rather the saltwater marsh Mašilah on the eastern side of the peninsula, from which a narrow creek leads into Halila Bay, an anchorage 1 mile east of Rås Halilah? The latter assumption seems more likely to us; 'Ηράτεμις or 'Ράτεμις, the exit of the Mašîla Canal, we may well improve in Φράτεμις; Φράτιμος seems to have written Onesicritus: flumen navigabile Phrystimus (cod. E. Phriytimus). ] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 63 « 9. onward sailing to Hieratis, anchorage in a channel of the river Heratemis - 750 stadia. Heratemis - cf. Kierazin, situated near the Persian Gulf and the river Dékian, according to Kâtip Chelebi (1609-1657) (d’Anville 1764: 160); Sekan (Vincent 1807: 390); a canal south of Bushehr (Tomaschek 1890) » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 4 ※ SOURCE for Phratemis Arrian, the first stop after leaving the Sitacus was at Hieratis. There they camped in the mouth of a canal connecting the river with the sea. This outlet was called Heratemis. Tomaschek corrects this to read Phratemis.(158) After the Phrystimus river in our text, we find a nameless island. This island, not mentioned by Nearchus, Tomaschek identifies with an island off Šif called Šeikh Sa 'ad. (159) fn. 158 Tomaschek believes that Onesicritus wrote φράτιμος. See his p. 63; and cf. Arr. Ind. 39, 1. fn. 159 Tomaschek, p. 63. » #3110 Brown, Truesdell S., Onesicritus a study in Hellenistic historiography, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1949 ~ p. 122 « The name of the Heratemis channel was seen by Tomaschek as a corruption of Phratemis, in turn related to the Phrystimus\ known to Pliny 20. This “river” was claimed to be navigable as was the Granis, the modern Hilleh river which leads to the site of Taoke/Tawwaj. » #3000 Donald Whitcomb, Bushire and the Angali Canal, Mesopotamia, 1987 22:pp. 311-36 ~ p. 331 ※ SOURCE for Phrystimus « There follows, in the account, another navigable river, the Phrystimus. According to Arrian, the first stop after leaving the Sitacus was at Hieratis. There they camped in the mouth of a canal connecting the river with the sea. This outlet was called Heratemis. Tomaschek corrects this to read Phratemis.(158) After the Phrystimus river in our text, we find a nameless island. This island, not mentioned by Nearchus, Tomaschek identifies with an island off Šif called Šeikh Sa 'ad. (159) fn. 158 Tomaschek believes that Onesicritus wrote φράτιμος. See his p. 63; and cf. Arr. Ind. 39, 1. fn. 159 Tomaschek, p. 63. » #3110 Brown, Truesdell S., Onesicritus a study in Hellenistic historiography, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1949 ~ p. 122 Hermudar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067151 coordinate: lat 27.316988 long 56.31375 NIMA/GNS names: Hermoodar Bala , Hermudar , Hurmudar , Hurmudar Bala , Hurmurd , Khvormehdan-e Bala , خورمهدان بالا , هرمدر بل , هرمودر , هورمودر , VARIANT names: Hermudar , ※ SOURCE for Hermudar « Leaving Chahaly, immediately dropped into the wide bed of a river with high sandstone cliffs on each side. This we followed for 20 minutes, and then ascending the cliffs to the right by a sharp, short pass, got into a lot of curious sandstone hills cut up in every direction into funny forms and peaks by the effects of running water, Followed along a road in the plateau of sandstone, which was nothing but a series of narrow troughs cut by the innumerable feet of donkeys and assisted by rain, for over an hour, and then descending quickly, came on to the sands which surround Bandar Abbas. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 22 « March 1st. Left at 9-5 A.M. Went out by the same road as I came in. Nothing of any consequence to note, except that the place I have hitherto called Chahaly, is really Hormudar, Chahaly being about half a mile to the north.Arrived at Hormudar at 12-45 P. M. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 23 Hesar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3823546 coordinate: lat 34.032096 long 49.30779 NIMA/GNS names: Hesar , حصار , VARIANT names: Hesar , Heydarabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070973 coordinate: lat 29.903113 long 56.676167 NIMA/GNS names: Heydarabad , Khairabad , Kheir Abad , Kheyrabad , حیدر آباد , VARIANT names: Heydarabad , Hhormont Kervanferay : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.76114 long 54.357706 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Hhormont Kervanferay , ※ SOURCE for Hhormont Kervanferay « We parted not then till Sunday the nine and twentieth of March at Noon, continuing our way Southwards: having fet forward half a quarter of an hour, we afcended the Hill, which is neither very high, nor very bad, when we were got down on the other fide, we croffed ſeveral Torrents; about two a Clock we found a little Kervasferay ftanding alone with a Ciftern by its it is called Hhormont Kervanferay, from the name of the neighbouring Village, fo called becauſe of the many Palm-Trees that grow about it: » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 pp. 130-1 Hiṣn Ibn ʿUmara : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.725369 long 53.883373 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: al-Dikdan , castle of Degdan , Castle of Ibn 'Umara , Diz-i Pisar-i 'Umara , Hisn Ibn 'Omarah , Hiṣn Ibn ʿUmara , Julandid fortress , Qalʿat Ibn ʿUmara , Schloss Digdan , Sif Ibn ‘Umara , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Hiṣn Ibn ʿUmāra AT Bandar-e-Langeh lat 26.557918 long 54.880669 [Cornu], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Hiṣn Ibn ʿUmāra AT Huzu lat 26.725369 long 53.883373 [[PBR]], ※ SOURCE for al-Dikdan « This coastal region was in early Islamic times divided into three sifs or shores, named after Arab tribes from Bahrain or Aḥsā who had crossed the Gulf to colonize the Fārs shores: from west to east, Sif Moẓaffar, Sif Zohayr (whose hinterland was known as Irāhestān), and Sif ʿOmāra (which had a celebrated fortress Qa?ʿat al-Dikdān or Ḥeṣn Ebn ʿOmāra). » #1189 Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.), Encyclopaedia Iranica, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London and New York, 1985, ~ Vol. II, Fasc. 4, pp. 384-385 or online reference link « a fortress situated on that part of the eastern shore of the Persian Gulf called the Sif ʿUmāra, not far from the island of Ḳays [ q.v.], and famous in the 4th/10th century. It was known under three designations, Ḳalʿat al-Dikdān, Ḥiṣn Dikbāya and Ḥiṣn Ibn ʿUmāra, as well as the Persian one Diz-i Pisar-i ʿUmāra ( Ḥudūd al-ʿālam , tr. 126). It stood guard over a village of fishermen and a port which could shelter some 20 ships, and according to Ibn Ḥaw?al (tr. Kramers and Wiet, 268-9), following Iṣṭak_h_ri (140), no-one could get up to it unaided, since one had to be hoisted up by means of cables and a kind of crane or hoist. He adds that it was, for the Banū ʿUmāra, an observation post from which they could watch the movement of ships on the sea: “when a vessel approaches, they bring it to a halt and demand a percentage of its cargo”. The name of this fortress (= “tripod”, “trivet”, see Ibn KKhurradād_dhbih, Glossary, 211), which al-Masʿūdi considered as one of the wonders of the world ( … » Pellat, Ch., “al-Dikdān”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, Edited by: P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P. Heinrichs. at online reference link (accessed: 21 Oct 2023) ※ SOURCE for castle of Degdan « Marquart identifies Kotihran with the castle of Degdan near Siraf; » #2865 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1st Edition, ~ vol. 3 p. 15 ※ SOURCE for Castle of Ibn 'Umara « Es liegt deshalb nahe, die Burg Kodihran mit dem iiberaus festen Schloss Degdan ([ ... ] „der Dreifuss" in Zirbaδ (so 1.) , einem Orte in der Nahe von Siraf an der persischen Kuste zu identifizieren, das dem 'Abd allah b. 'Umara als Zwingburg diente (Mas. II 69). Ibn Hauqal berichtet uber diesea Schloss [ ... ], 4ff. (vgl. Ist. [ ... ], 14 if.): ,,Unter den Schlossern von Pars gibt es solche, in Bezug auf welche von keinem der Recken erwahnt wird, dass er sie mit Gewalt erobert habe, wie das Schloss der Banu 'Umara, das Degpaja heisst, d. h. Dreifuss , weil es vor drei Bergspalten liegt wie der Kochtopf auf dem Dreifuss ruht. Es wird zuriickgefiihrt auf al Gulandi b. Kanan, und niemand vermag selbst zu ihm hinaufzusteigen, ausser er wird durch ein Tau heraufgezogen. Es dient der Familie 'Umara als Auslug aufs Meer, indem sie von da die Schiffe bemerken, wenn sie herankommen, und gegen sie ausziehen und von ihnen Zoll verlangen". Das Schloss heisst deshalb gewohnlich „Burg des Ibn 'Umara" (Ist. [ ... ] , 13 etc.). Es lag an der Grenze von Kerman (Ist. tro , 3, Ibn Hauq. [ ... ], 8). Der Ort [ ... ] oder [ ... ] gehorte zum Kreis ArdaSir-xurra Moq. fff, 6, der zugehorige Rustaq ward vom Fluss Ql^olJiJt bewassert (1st. Ill, 12 ff.), dem heutigen Naband-rud, der in die Bucht von Naband miindet* „Zirbaδ liegt an der Grenze nach Kerman zu, am Meere. Daselbst ist ein Schloss, wie ich kein wunderbareres gesehen". [It therefore makes sense to identify Kodihran Castle with the extremely strong castle of Degdan [ ... ] "the tripod" in Zirbaδ (see above 1.), a place near Siraf on the Persian coast, which was dedicated to 'Abd Allah b . 'Umara served as a fortress (Mas. II 69). Ibn Hauqal reports about this castle [ ... ], 4ff. (cf. Ist. [ ... ], 14 if.): "Among the locksmiths of Pars there are those who in relation to which it is not mentioned by any of the warriors that he conquered it by force, such as the castle of the Banu 'Umara, which is called Degpaja, i.e. tripod, because it lies in front of three mountain crevices like the cooking pot rests on the tripod. It will traced back to al Gulandi b. Kanan, and no one can climb up to it unless he is pulled up by a rope. It serves the family 'Umara as an excursion to the sea, from which they notice the ships when they come and against them go out and demand customs duty from them". The castle is therefore usually called "Castle of Ibn 'Umara" (Ist. [ ... ] , 13 etc.). It was on the border of Kerman (Ist. tro, 3, Ibn Hauq. [ ... ], 8). The place [ ... ] or [ ... ] belonged to the district of ArdaSir-xurra Moq. fff, 6, the associated Rustaq was watered by the river Ql^olJiJt (1st Ill, 12 ff.), today's Naband-rud, which flows into the Bay of Naband* "Zirbaδ is located on the border with Kerman, on the sea . There is a castle there, the likes of which I have never seen more wonderful."] » #3075 Joseph Marquart, Eranshahr, Berlin, 1901 ~ p.45 ※ SOURCE for Diz-i Pisar-i 'Umara « 3. DIZ-I PISAR-I 'UMARA, "The castle of 'Umara's son", a borough with a fortress, situated on the coast of the Great Sea. It is a place of fishermen, and a travelling stage (manzil) of merchants. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 130 ※ SOURCE for Hisn Ibn 'Omarah 20° FORT D'IBN OMARAH (Hisn Ibn Omarah). D'après l'Atwal, 80º de longitude et 24º de latitude; d'après le Qánoun, 85° de longitude et 30° 20' de latitude. Troisième climat. Dans le Fars ou dans le Kirman. Hisn Ibn 'Omarah est un chateau fort situé sur le bord de la mer. On prétend que son possesseur, dans l'antiquité, fut ce roi même dont Dieu très- haut a dit dans le Coran (chap. xvIII, verset 78) : . Il y avait derrière eux un roi qui s'emparait de force de tous les vaisseaux¹.. Aujourd'hui, ce cha- teau est en ruines. Pour s'y rendre de Siraf, en longeant le bord de la mer, il faut franchir des montagnes isolées et des déserts. On lit dans l'Azizí: Le fort d'Ibn 'Omarali est un des forts que l'on trouve sur le territoire de Schiraz. [20° FORT OF IBN OMARAH (Hisn Ibn Omarah). According to Atwal, 80º longitude and 24º latitude; according to the Qánoun, 85° longitude and 30° 20' latitude. Third climate. In Fars or in Kirman. Hisn Ibn 'Omarah is a fortified castle located on the seaside. It is claimed that its owner, in antiquity, was the very king of whom God most high said in the Koran (chap. xvIII, verse 78): . There was a king behind them who seized all the ships by force¹. Today, this castle is in ruins. To get there from Siraf, along the seaside, you have to cross isolated mountains and deserts. We read in the Azizí: The fort of Ibn 'Omarali is one of the forts found in the territory of Shiraz.] ※ SOURCE for Hiṣn Ibn ʿUmara « Mahrūyān … From here it is 170 parasangs along the seacoast to Ḥiṣn Ibn ʿUmāra, where the land of Fārs ends. Ḥiṣn Ibn ʿUmāra: A strong fortress at 91½ degrees longitude and 29½ degrees latitude. It is in the direction of Kirmān. From Sirāf it can be reached along the seacoast, passing through scattered mountains and deserts. It is also called Qalʿa-i Dānbān and Jalandi. Later it fell to ruin. » #3044 Kātib Çelebi ed: Gottfried Hagen and Robert Danko, An Ottoman Cosmography, Translation of Cihānnümā, Brill, Leiden, 2021 ~ pt. 1 p. 238 « 3. Hisn ibn 'Umāra, Ist., 105. This famous castle (cf. § 36, 18., Marquart, Eranšahr, 45) was the easternmost point belonging to Färs on the coast, 160 farsakhs distant from the westernmost 15., cf. Ist., 135. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 377 « Hiṣn Ibn ʿUmāra » in {map#1167 Map VI, , , #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a` l'e´poque classique : IXe-Xe sie`cles : re´pertoires des toponymes, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985 ~} « Hisn ou Qal'at Ibn 'Umara VI D5 Localisation approximative vers Bandar-i-Langeh Iran. Citadelle au bord de la mer. I 104, 188, 203, 204; H 260, 272; Muq 448. Yaq 11, 711; LS 257, Schw. 77. » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 51 ※ SOURCE for Julandid fortress « It is a well-established tradition amongst early Islamic writers that the passage in the Quran, the Sura of the Cave, which mentions a king taking every ship by force refers to the Julandid fortress at Huzu on the coast of Fars. The Persians were decisively driven out of Oman shortly after the Hejira. Sohar fell in 8/629. ... Meanwhile, the Omani family of the Banu Julanda was more firmly entrenched than ever in its stronghold of Huzu on the Persian coast. Even at the time of the Prophet they had been strong enough to demand passage money from boats passing up and down the Gulf. However, it was not until 952 that they dared to assert their independence from Caliphal control by minting coins in the name of the Banu Julanda chief, then a certain Ridwan b. Ja'far, described by a contemporary as "The lord of the waters, ruler of the fortress of Huzu". ...Within a few years the Omani position on the coast of Fars was broken too. The Banu Julanda fortress at Huzu, which had enjoyed an almost legendary reputation for invincibility, fell to 'Adud-ad-Dawla and was converted into a Buyid state prison. In 971 the Buyid troops of occupation mutinied and took Sohar. »#1370 Williamson, A., Sohar and the sea trade of Oman in the tenth century A.D., Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1974, 4:78-96 ~ pp. 84, 95 and 96 ※ SOURCE for Qalʿat Ibn ʿUmara « Who was the amir who set Kish on its path to becoming a trading superpower? Yaqut says Kish was also called Jazirat al-Qays ibn ʿUmara or Bani ʿUmara and, in combination with the testimony of Idrisi who says Kish had been seized by ‘a certain governor of Yemen’ who ‘fortified it, peopled it and fitted it with a fleet by the aid of which he made himself the master of the Yemen littoral’, Maximilian Streck and S.D. Goitein both suggested that the founder of the kingdom of Kish was South Arabian. But Istakhri called the Arabian coast opposite Kish Sif ʿUmara and he attributed a fortress there, Qalʿat Ibn ʿUmara, to the Julanda of Oman. » #3050 ed.J.E. Peterson, The Emergence of the Gulf States Studies in Modern History, Bloomsbury, London, 2016 ~ p. 27 « Qal'at Ibn Umara [Hisn Ibn Umara], 51 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 206 ※ SOURCE for Schloss Digdan « Sage und Geschichte reichen sich auch die Hand in den Erzählungen der Araber über das alte Königsgeschlecht Gulanda (8), das bald auf Azd von 'Oman ¹), bald auf den Amaleqiter Kerker (2) zurückgeführt wird, und noch in der Zeit des Islam von 'Oman aus eine ge- waltige Herrschaft über die Inseln und die beiden Gestade des persischen Meerbusens übte (3). Mehr als solche vereinzelte Nach- klänge aus der Blüthezeit eines selbstständigen Königthums von 'Oman bieten aber die einheimischen Nachrichten nicht. fn. 8 al-A'schá bei Gawaliqt 47 u. Qam. 1, 689: ??جُلَدَا فِي عُمان?? fn. 2 Jaqût a. a. O. IV, 974. Die Benu-Kerker kennt als amale- qitischen Stamm Maçudi III, 95, der hinzufügt, dass sie nach anderen Gorhomiten waren, und aus Schihr ausgewandert sein sollten. fn. 3 Tabari ed. Koseg. I, 202. Jaqût II, 411 berichtet, dass sie das Schloss Digdân nahe bei Hormuz besassen; Içtachri ebda., dass sie bis an die Grenze von Kerman herrschten, und ihr Geschlecht in die Zeit Moses zurückführten; Jaqût IV, 974, dass sie eine Zollstätte in Huzû, gegenüber der Insel Kisch angelegt hatten; und III, 217, dass sie eine Station سیف بنی? ??الصفار an der persischen Küste besassen.?? 4) Strabo 16, 3, 7. Arrian h. ind. 32, 6. 7. Vgl. C. Müller Geogr. M. 1, 353. [Legend and history also join hands in the stories of the Arabs about the ancient royal family of Gulanda (8), which is sometimes traced back to Azd of 'Oman¹), sometimes to the Amaleqite dungeon (2), and still in time of Islam exercised tremendous dominion from 'Oman over the islands and the two shores of the Persian Gulf (3). However, the local news offers nothing more than such isolated echoes of the heyday of an independent kingdom in 'Oman. fn. 8 al-A'sha at Gawaliqt 47 and Qam. 1, 689: ?جُلَدَا فِي عُمان? fn. 2 Jaqut a. a. O. IV, 974. The Benu dungeons are known as the Amaleqite tribe Maçudi III, 95, who adds that they were, according to other Gorhomites, and should have emigrated from Shihr. fn. 3 Tabari ed. Koseg. I, 202. Jaqut II, 411 reports that they owned the castle of Digdân near Hormuz; Içtachri ibid., that they ruled as far as the borders of Kerman, and led their race back to the time of Moses; Jaqût IV, 974, that they had a customs office in Huzû, opposite the the island of Kish; and III, 217, that they had a station سیف بنی? ?الصفار on the Persian coast.? 4) Strabo 16, 3, 7. Arrian h. Indian 32, 6. 7. Cf. C. Müller Geogr. M. 1, 353.] » #2723 O. Blau, Altarabische Sprachstudien, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Wiesbaden, 1873, Vol. 27:No. 3:pp. 295-363 ~ pp. 320-1 ※ SOURCE for Sif Ibn ‘Umara « Mas‘udi then defines the boundaries of the Gulf in detail, from its head downward. He says that on its eastern shore it skirts the coasts of Ahwaz and Fars by Dawraq, Mahruban, Siniz, Jannaba, Najiram, the Sif Ibn ‘Umara, the coastlands of Kirman of Hormuz, and then Makran and Sind. » #760 Bosworth C. Edmund, Decorative Printed Maps of the 15th to 18th Centuries, Journal of the Society for Iranian Studies, Michigan, 1997 (winter/spring), 30:1-2:77-94 ~ p. 84 Hieratis : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.825912 long 50.88762 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Hieratis , ※ SOURCE for Hieratis « Between Bushire and Cape Berdistan lies Khore Zeana, which, from its relative position between these projecting points, corresponds accurately enough with the Hieratis of Arrian, which is placed seven hundred and fifty stadia from Sitakus, and where, the historian says, Nearchus anchored in a cut which is derived from the river to the sea, and is called Hartimis (1). » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 429 « Thence they started and reached the city of Hieratis, a populous place. The voyage was of seven hundred and fifty stades; and they anchored in a channel running from the river to the sea and called Heratemis. At sunrise they sailed along the coast to a torrent called Padagrus; the entire district forms a peninsula.(33) fn. 33 Presumably Bushehr Peninsula. » #2870 E. Matin, The Achaemenid Settlement of Dashtestan (Borazjan): A View from Persepolis, ISMEO, 2020, ~ p. 344 « As Niebuhr never saw this Khôre- Esseri, therefore all that we can collect is , that he gained intelligence from inquiry among the natives , that the circumstance of a river inclosing a delta between two of its mouths existed , and that the eastern channel was called Khôre- Esseri . This, for want of further information , he was obliged to lay down with uncertainty ; but that some stream, attended with these circumstances, does fall into the gulph, within the distance of from ten to twenty miles eastward of Busheer, I make little doubt, and such a stream will answer to the Hieratis and Herátemis of Arrian . » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p. 393 « APRÈS avoir quitté ce fleuve et fait 750 stades, la flotte parvint à la ville d'Hieratis, et mouilla dans un canal tiré du fleuve Heratemis à la mer. Le nom d'Hiératis se reconnoît dans celui de Kiarézin ou Kiérazin, ville située à l'embouchure de la rivière de Dékian, l'une des plus considérables de ces cantons : le Géographe turc (4) lui donne cinquante lieues de cours, et dit qu'on trouve sur ses bords un très-grand nombre d'habitations. [AFTER having left this river and traveled 750 stadia, the fleet reached the city of Hieratis, and anchored in a channel drawn from the river Heratemis to the sea. the mouth of the river Dékian, one of the most considerable of these cantons: the Turkish geographer (4) gives it fifty leagues of course, and says that one finds on its banks a very large number of dwellings. ] » #2703 P.-F.-J. Gossellin, Recherches sur la géographie systématique et positive des anciens. Tome 3 / ; pour servir de base à l'histoire de la géographie ancienne., Impr. de la République, 1798-1813, ~ vol. 3 p. 79 « The place was called Hieratis , and near it was a canal called Heratemis . D'Anville identifies the site with the Kirazin of Idrisi , and Dean Vincent with Hallilah . The description, however, appears to refer to the island at the mouth of the Khor Kayir. » #2998 William Ainsworth, A Personal Narrative of the Euphrates Expedition, K.Paul, Trench and Company, ~ vol. 2 p. 120 « It has a long history of settlement beginning in the 'Ubaid period(32) and including an important Elamite town known as Liyan. (33) Alexander's admiral Nearchos visited the peninsula, which was then called Mesembria, and Arrian noted " many gardens and all kinds of fruit trees growing there". Near the south end stood Hieratis, "a populous place" and the only settlement on the Gulf coast distinguished by the term Πολις, a city. Hieratis presumably was the port of the Achaemenian palace near Taoke, the forerunner of medieval Tawaj. (34) fn. 32 'Ubaid sherds were found at Site H 200 by Andrew Williamson and Martha Prickett during a survey in 1969-71. A note on this site will be published elsewhere by Miss Prickett. fn. 33 M. Pézard, Mission à Bender Bouchir, in M.D.P. XV (1914). fn. 34 Arrian, Indica XXXIX; Strabo XV, 3, 3. The palace, probably built in the reign of Cyrus, was discovered recently near Borazjan, some 20 km. from the site of Tawaj; sec A. A. Sarfaraz in "Survey of Excavations-1971-72" below, p. 188. » #1127 Whitehouse, D. and Williamson, A., Sasinian Maritime Trade, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1973, 11:29-49 ~ p. 35 « In Nearchus' voyage up the Iranian coast of the Gulf (18), the Bushire peninsula has long been identified as Mesambria, a land with many gardens and fruit trees. Nearchus found there the city of Hieratis, which might be identified as either Rishahr or the settlement at Hazar Mardom. The two anchorages are thus presumably at opposite ends of the peninsula. The Heratemis channel is usually placed south of Bushire; Whitehouse and Williamson have suggested a silted creek, presumably that near Bandargah. The Padargos torrent is usually placed near Shif (19). fn. 18 The account of Nearchus' report is preserved in Arrian's Indica, chapter XXXIX (emphasis added). fn. 19 D. WHITEHOUSE and A. WILLIAMSON, op. cit., n . 45; other discussions of this topography and toponyms are found in E. HERZFELD, “Pasargadae “, Klio, 8 (1908) ,po 7, and W. TOMASCHEK, “Topographische Erlauterung der Kustfahrt Nearchs “, Sitzungsberichte, Phil.hist. class. Akad. der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1890, p. 63. 20 This is found in Pliny's Natural History VI, XXVI, 10 » #3000 Donald Whitcomb, Bushire and the Angali Canal, Mesopotamia, 1987 22:pp. 311-36 ~ pp. 300-1 Hilah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3102370 coordinate: lat 32.4794444 long 44.4327778 NIMA/GNS names: Al Hillah , Hilah , Hilla , Hille , VARIANT names: Hilah , Hillah , ※ SOURCE for Hillah « We stopped in the afternoon in a small village at a short distance from Hillah, on learning that a large party of Shammar were plundering the country in all directions, and that horsemen had been seen during the day on the road to that place. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 2 p. 199 Hindarut 21a : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 399 579 converted to coordinate: lat 23.12398 long 58.36629 VARIANT names: Hindarut 21a , ※ SOURCE for Hindarut 21a « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 44 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Hindarut 21b : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 405 579 converted to coordinate: lat 23.12393 long 58.37214 VARIANT names: Hindarut 21b , ※ SOURCE for Hindarut 21b « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 44 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Hindarut 21c : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 411 581 converted to coordinate: lat 23.12569 long 58.37802 VARIANT names: Hindarut 21c , ※ SOURCE for Hindarut 21c « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 45 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Hindarut 21d : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 423 597 converted to coordinate: lat 23.14003 long 58.38989 VARIANT names: Hindarut 21d , ※ SOURCE for Hindarut 21d « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 45 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Hindijan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066360 coordinate: lat 30.2363 long 49.7119 NIMA/GNS names: Hendeyan , Hendian , Hendijan , Hendijan Kuchek , Hendijar , Hindian , Hindijan , هندیجان , VARIANT names: Endian , Hindijan , Hindiyan , Hinduwan , ※ SOURCE for Endian « Endian » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Hindijan « The mediaeval town of Hindijän itself (also known as Hindiyan or Hinduwän), which gives its name to the district, was a market town containing remains of fire temples and water-wheels.(40) There are still remains today at Hindijän village, as well as at the village of Dih Mullah in the same district.(41) fn. 40 Ibid., p. 271. fn. 41 J. G. Lorimer, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, 'Oman and Central Arabia, 3 vols., Calcutta, 1908-15), II, pp. 728-32. » #1121 Ball, Warwick, Some rock-cut monuments in Southern Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1986, 24:95-115 ~ p. 271 ※ SOURCE for Hindiyan see source « Hindijān » ※ SOURCE for Hinduwan see source « Hindijān » Hingol river : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -2762528 coordinate: lat 25.3833333 long 65.4666667 NIMA/GNS names: Hingol River , Hingor River , VARIANT names: Hingol river , Tomerus river , Tonberon , ※ SOURCE for Tomerus river #972 Indica 24 note states "presumably the Hingol, falsely described as navigable, like other rivers, in Pliny vi 96 ff. (onesicritus)." ※ SOURCE for Tonberon in#846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ p. 5 Hirom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066628 coordinate: lat 27.966194 long 53.934012 NIMA/GNS names: Hirom , Hirum , هیرم , هیروم , VARIANT names: Hirom , Hirum , ※ SOURCE for Hirum « Bidshahr plain has never had a qanat. Wells can be sunk anywhere, but the water is brackish. Good wheat is grown, but the most paying crop is tobacco, for which the saline soil is well adapted. The tobacco of Hirum, on the north-eastern border of the plain, beyond the salt lake, is famous as far as Teheran. Last year all the abambars (which are very numerous) ran dry, and the people had to drink well-water. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 125 Hisar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066418 coordinate: lat 29.862961 long 50.26312 NIMA/GNS names: Hasar , Hesar , Hisar , حصار , VARIANT names: Hisar , Hissar , ※ SOURCE for Hisar « Hisar مدار | is 10 miles south-south- east of Dilam. [position] |60 houses of Lurs and Ka'ab Arabs. [houses and inhabitants] | Hisar is the seat of one of the sons of the Khan who governs it for his father. There are wells of good water, and tower. Wheat and barley are grown. Livestock are 30 horses, 200 donkeys, 120 cattle and 1,000 sheep and goats. The arms-trade is said to flourish here still. [remarks] » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 1104 ※ SOURCE for Hissar « Hissar » in {map#1129 Map of Asia Minor Armenia and Koordistan, , 1816, #3020 John Macdonald Kinneir, Journey Through Asia Minor, Armenia, and Koordistan in the Years 1813 and 1814, John Murray, London, 1818 ~} Hisn al Ghurab : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3187772 coordinate: lat 14.005594 long 48.326883 NIMA/GNS names: Hal-Ghurab , Hisn al Ghurab , Husn al Ghurab , Urr Mawiyat , VARIANT names: Cana , Canacanim , Cane , Hisn al Ghurab , Qana , ※ SOURCE for Cana « Map The Ancient Myrrh and Frankincense Regions » in #356 Groom, Nigel, Frankincense and Myrrh, Longmans Green and Co, London:Beirut, 1981 ~ p.99 ※ SOURCE for Canacanim « se encontrava cercada pelos turcos; foi pelo menos isto o que ele disse nas declarações prestadas em conselho, quando se encontrou com a armada de D. Álvaro de Castro nos ilhéus de Canacanim (Husn al-Ghurab), em 19 de Março de 1548 (Documento n.º 6). » [it was surrounded by the Turks; this was at least what he said in the statements given in council, when he met with the fleet of D. Álvaro de Castro on the islets of Canacanim (Husn al-Ghurab), on March 19, 1548 (Document n.º 6).] #2706 Luís de Albuquerque, Estudos de História, Volume II, Por ordem da Universidade, Coimbra, 1974 ~ p.6 ※ SOURCE for Cane #823 Warmington, E H, The Commerce between the Roman Empire and India, Cambridge, 1928 p. 9 refers to Cane as Hisn Ghorab owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Cane, 47.846592, 13.999013, YE, nkn, approx, 39, tmcIRa0100_017a » ※ SOURCE for Qana « Map The Incense Kingdoms » in #356 Groom, Nigel, Frankincense and Myrrh, Longmans Green and Co, London:Beirut, 1981 ~ p.56 « to which Sumhuram was connected by a network of settlements, on the other the convenient distance, by sea, from the Hadrami harbour of Qana. SecondIy the ’territorial’ factors: Sumhuram, like Qana, is very clearly visible from the sea thanks to the two rocky promontories that protect the mouth of the wadi Darbat. » #868 Avanzini, Alessandra and Orazi, Roberto, The Construction Phases of Khor Rori's Monumental Gate, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2001 (Nov.) 12:249-259 ~ p. 250 « Qana (Cana) was the old South Arabian port mentioned in the Periplus and by Ptolemy. Apart from this one reference this great port of antiquity and its neighbourhood are completely ignored by the navigators. » #370 Tibbetts, G. R., Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean before the coming of the Portuguese, The Royal Asiatic Society, Luzac and Co., London, 1971 ~ p. 441 NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3066639 coordinate: lat 26.2277778 long 57.1375 VARIANT names: Hivey river , Hiyun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.489821 long 48.006535 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: based on stage length VARIANT names: Hiyun , Hl Bushehr : arch. site IRN UTM: 5050, 2859 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9833333333333 long 50.8333333333333 VARIANT names: Hl Bushehr , ※ SOURCE for Hl Bushehr « Other variants: Bushire Details: Equivalent versions of the place name, including Bushehr and Bushire are listed and their location is given (USBGN: 448). No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Hofuf : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3091837 coordinate: lat 25.3783333 long 49.5866667 NIMA/GNS names: Al Hufuf , Hofuf , Hufuf , VARIANT names: Hofuf , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Hofuf FOR Gerrha [Mouton], ※ SOURCE for Hofuf « Hofuf -This town, the capital both natural and administrative of the Sanjaq of Hasa, is situated in the south-eastern corner of the Hasa Oasis at a distance of about 40 miles inland in a south-west by west direction from the port of 'Oqair. Site and surroundings.-The site of the town is rocky but low; it appears to be only a little higher than the waterlogged country which adjoins it. The space covered by buildings is described as oblong, with a length from north to south of 1 to 14 miles and a breadth of a mile. The land to the south and west of the town is waste and quickly merges in the desert: on the northern and eastern sides cultivation and date groves, approach close to the walls. The springs of Haqal, Umm-al-Jamal, Khadūd, Umm-al- Lif, Qasaibah, Luwaimi and Barabar, described in the article on the Hasa Oasis, all rise within a mile of the eastern side of Hofuf, and those of Umm Kharaisan and of Bahair and Bahairiyah adjoin respectively its northern and western faces. A few hundred yards to the south-east of the town are a large well and a group of gardens called Suwaidarah. Graveyards closely surround the town upon most sides, especially on the east, south-east and north-west. » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917 ~ vol. 1 p. 846 Potts lists the possibilities for the location of Gerrha including Qatif, Hofuf, al Uqayr and Salwa then says « that Thaj and al-Jubayl are the sites of the inland town of Gerrha and its coastal port » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ pp. 85-97 and p. 90 « Thaj lies on the caravan routes from Hofuf to Basra and from the Arabian Gulf to Nejd. Beyond Hofuf one could reach Oman, central Arabia and Yemen by the track that follows Wadi Dawasir and goes through Layla Aflaj and Qaryat al-Fau. In addition, the site is linked to the coast by an old track that leads to the port of Jubayl, 95 km away. Thaj has sometimes been identified as the site of Phigeia, mentioned in the Geography of Ptolemy, and sometimes as Gerrha, the famous ancient trade port on the Arabian Gulf (Mandaville 1963: 19; Potts 1990: 85–98).» #2928 Michel Mouton, The settlement patterns of north-eastern and south-eastern Arabia in late antiquity, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2009 vol. 20:pp.185–207 ~ p. 191 Hojjatabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3067382 coordinate: lat 32.03159 long 54.198724 NIMA/GNS names: Hojjatabad , Hojjatabad-e `Olya , Ja`afarabad , Ja`far Abad Rastaq , Ja`farabad , Mahalleh-ye Hojjatabad , جعفر آباد , حجت آباد , حجت آباد علیا , محله حجت آباد , VARIANT names: Hojjatabad , Jesdeſchat , ※ SOURCE for Jesdeſchat « Die Nacht des leßten Tages dieses Monats theileten wir mit der Reise und der Ruhe im Dorffe Jesdefchat. [We spent the night of the last day of this month traveling and resting in the village of Jesdefchat.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 63 Holeylan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3078938 coordinate: lat 33.75 long 47.1 NIMA/GNS names: Holeylan , Hulilan , Qal`eh Halilan , Qal`eh Holeylan , Qal`eh Hulilan , Qal`eh-ye Halilan , VARIANT names: Holeylan , Homan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065716 coordinate: lat 32.379129 long 54.580473 NIMA/GNS names: Hamane Robatat , Hamaneh , Homan , Human , هامانه , همان , همن ربتت , VARIANT names: Homan , Homin , ※ SOURCE for Homin « The first march from Ardakan was to a village called Homin, 30 miles over a very desert country. Holvin was a pretty little oasis in the desert, watered by a tiny spring. Vherever water can be found, every sort of fruit flourishes; pears, apricots, apples, and ~raliluts abounded in this place. A very fine variety of ibex is plentiful near Homin. Homin would be a paradise for a sportsman. It is a cool place even in summer, having an elevation of 6000 feet. I t is curious that the other large goat-the markhor (Capra megaceros) which is common in the Sulimani RIountains of Afghanistan, is not found here. I marched from Homin on the 15th of October. » #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.), 3:9:513-46 ~ pp. 515-6 Homeyran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065753 coordinate: lat 27.0389 long 53.6958 NIMA/GNS names: 'ameyran , 'amiran , 'amiran-e Gavbandi , Hamiran Gavbandi , Hamiru , Homeyran , 'omeyran , حمیران , VARIANT names: Bandar Hamairan , Hamerun , Homeyran , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Hamairan « Bandar Hamairan » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} ※ SOURCE for Hamerun « Hamerun » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Homeyran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 11794900 coordinate: lat 26.697972 long 55.087187 NIMA/GNS names: Homeyran , Homeyran-e `Olya , حميران , حميران عليا , VARIANT names: Amiroun , Homeyran , ※ SOURCE for Amiroun « Amiroûn » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 Hood : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067104 coordinate: lat 27.963388 long 53.66801 NIMA/GNS names: Hood , Hud , هود , VARIANT names: Hood , Hud , ※ SOURCE for Hud « Ein zweites Ruinengebiet liegt bei dem Ort Hud, 8 km westlich von Bidishahr. Die Keramik ist mittelalterlich. [A second ruin area is located near the town of Hud, 8 km west of Bidishahr. The pottery is medieval.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 192 Horgun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066396 coordinate: lat 29.1035 long 54.4677 NIMA/GNS names: Hargan , Hargun , Herkan , Horgan , Horgun , هرگان , VARIANT names: Horgun , NIMA/GNS feature: WAD independent coordinate: lat 16.735275 long 53.321474 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Hormanus Fl , Hormanus River , Ormanos river , Ormanou river , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Hormanus River AT Wadi Halfayn lat 21.419646 long 58.120522 [Groom], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Hormanus River AT Harmin lat 20.490313 long 58.383015 [Forster, The Rev. Charles], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Hormanus River AT Wadi Bani Khalid lat 22.309391 long 59.22552 [Dan Gibson], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Hormanus River AT Al Haffah lat 17.008288 long 54.107643 [von Wissmann], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Hormanus River AT Wadi Khayrfawt lat 16.735275 long 53.321474 [Sprenger], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Hormanus River AT Wadi Aynam lat 20.15 long 57.783333 [classical atlas by A. G. Findlay], ※ SOURCE for Hormanus Fl based on estimated co-ordinates taken from an overlay of {map#903 Arabia, Alexander George Findlay, 1847, #2678 Alexander George Findlay, A classical atlas to illustrate ancient geography, W. Tegg and Company, London, 1847 ~} ※ SOURCE for Hormanus River « Hormanus fl., a r. of Arabia Felix, falling into Erythraeum mare s.w. of Abissa, Harmin. » [no separate listing for Abissa or Harmin] #682 Hazlitt, William, The Classical Gazetteer, A Dictionary of Ancient Sites, Senate, London, 1851 ~ p.178 « I suggest that the ’Hormanus (or Ommanus) River’ is the present-day Wadi Halfayn, one of the major wadis of Arabia. It flows some 300 kilometres south from Oman Proper to the sea, which it reaches in the Gulf of Filim, west of Masira Island. » #218 Groom, Nigel, Oman and the Emirates in Ptolemy's Map, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 1994 5:198-214 ~ pp. 205-6 « Moving still eastward, the Neogeialla navale of Ptolemy answers well in relative position, though with great corruption of the Arabic name, to Ainad, a town about fifty miles E.N.E. of Hasec. It is obvious to remark, that the rare occurrence of eithcr port or town along this coast much heightens the probability of this identification. His next point, Hormanus Fl., there can be no question, is the same with Harmin; although no river is marked in our modern maps, as falling into the sea at or near that sea-port. Abissa finds its name and site accurately represented by Abisagi; a town at the eastern extremity of the Gulf of Bassa, between Harmin and Ras-al-Hhad. Inland, north of Abissa and its Gulf, the Didymi Montes of Ptolemy obviously correspond with the Palheiros mountains lying north of the Gulf of Bassas. This region is the Libanotophoros, or region of frankincense. Ptolemy's Bosara, lastly, tallies so closely in name with Masora, the last sea-port west of Ras-al-Hhad, that the apparent difference of site may fairly be accounted for, by the wrong drawing of the coast; which, as represented in his map, is, here, again most confusedly contracted; but without the recurrence of another Magnum Littus, and Parvum Littus, to unfold it into its just proportions. We have now traversed the base of the Arabian peninsula, from its south-western to its southeastern extremity; where, beginning from the Corodanum Promontorium of Ptolemy, or Ras-al- Hhad, commences its eastern side, running, in a north-western direction, along the coast of Oman, and the Persian Gulf. » Excerpt from #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ vol.2 p. 181-3 and pp. 235-6 « Ptolemy lists the Hormanus River (89.30 20.30 AP) as flowing into the Indian Ocean. Today this would most probably correspond to Wadi Bani Khalid which flows through the mountains and eventually into the Indian Ocean near Al Jumaylah (22° 0’2.35”N and 59°39’19.39”E) in Oman. » #2740 Dan Gibson, Suggested Solutions for Issues Concerning The Location of Mecca in Ptolemy's Geography, Nabataea, 2013 ~ p.9 ※ SOURCE for Ormanos river « Es ist möglich, daß Όμανóν έμαóριoν [Omanón Emaorion] mit dem 'Opuavòs πóτaμos [Ormanos river] (Ptol. VI, 7, 13) zusammengehört, dessen Karstquelle wohl nahe bei seiner Mündung lag (89° 40' ö. L., 19° 30' n. Br. neben anderen Zahlen). Ich vermute, daß die Karstquelle von Ḥarfut gemeint ist (10), am Fuß des Qamar-Gebirges. fn. 10 Siehe auch das Deutsche Segelhandbuch sowie Captain Haines (Memoirs of the South and East Coast of Arabia II, Journ. Roy. Geogr. Soc. London 15, 1845). » [It is possible that Όμανóν έμαóριoν [Omanón Emaorion] belongs together with the 'Opuavòs πóτaμos [Ormanos river] (Ptol. VI, 7, 13), whose karst source was probably near its mouth (89° 40' E.L., 19° 30' n. Br. among other numbers). I assume that the karst spring of Harfut is meant (10) , at the foot of the Qamar mountains. fn. 10 See also the German Sailing Handbook and Captain Haines (Memoirs of the South and East Coast of Arabia II, Journ. Roy. Geogr. Soc. London 15, 1845).] #2719 Hermann von Wissmann, Walter W. Mu¨ller, Das Weihrauchland Sa’kalan, Samarum und Moscha (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch - Historische Klasse. Sitzungsberichte), Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1977 ~ p.13 ※ SOURCE for Ormanou river « 127. Ορμανου ποταμοῦ ἐκβολαί, 89° 30', 20° 30' (W. Β.; 88° 30', 16° 30' Vvulgo; 20° 10' A. C.; 89° 0', 19° 30' N.). Statt Expokat, Mündung, ist yal, Quellen, zu lesen, wie aus der Karte ersichtlich ist. Die Position der Mündung ist ausgefallen. Es gibt nur Einen Bach von Bedeutung an dieser Küste, von welchem Carter S. 44 sagt: A little further westward of the Kais ibn Ammar comes a third ravine or valley, which has a west north- westerly direction. It is called Kharifot (L. 53° 17) and has a stream of water running through it. It appeared riche in vegetation and at its entrance was a large grove of date trees; these three ravines (Qays ibn 'Othmân, Qays ibn Ammar oder 'Omar und Chary- fot) are all close together and within fifteen miles of Râs Sajar. Die Mündung dieses Flusses soll also bei Ptolemæus etwa in 89° 40', 19° 0' liegen. Ormanus dürfte statt Omanus stehen. » [127. Ορμανου ποταμοῦ ἐκβολαί, 89° 30', 20° 30' (W. Β.; 88° 30', 16° 30' Vvulgo; 20° 10' A. C.; 89° 0', 19° 30' N.) . Instead of Expokat, estuary, read yal, sources, as can be seen from the map. The position of the muzzle failed. There is but one brook of importance on this coast, of which Carter says p. 44: A little further westward of the Kais ibn Ammar comes a third ravine or valley, which has a west north-westerly direction. It is called Kharifot (L. 53° 17) and has a stream of water running through it. It appeared rich in vegetation and at its entrance was a large grove of date trees; these three ravines (Qays ibn 'Othmân, Qays ibn Ammar or 'Omar and Charyfot) are all close together and within fifteen miles of Râs Sajar. The mouth of this river is said to be at Ptolemæus at about 89° 40', 19° 0'. Ormanus should be in place of Omanus.] #1332 Sprenger, A., Die alte Geographie Arabiens, Commissionsverlag Von Huber als Comp; Meridian Publising Co., Bern; Amsterdam, 1875;1966 ~ p. 94 Hormoz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066743 coordinate: lat 27.5026 long 54.2839 NIMA/GNS names: Harmood , Harmud , Hormoz , Hormud , Hormud-e Bagh , Hormuz , هرمود , VARIANT names: Hormoz , Hormud-e Mir Khund : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066744 coordinate: lat 27.5304 long 54.978 NIMA/GNS names: Harmood , Hormoz , Hormud , Hormud-e Mehr Khu'i , Hormud-e Mehr Khuyeh , Hormud-e Mir Khu , Hormud-e Mir Khund , Hormud-e Mir Khuneh , Hormuz , حرمود میر خو , هرمود مهر خوئی , VARIANT names: Choeremoet , Churmoot , Cormoot , Cromu , Germoet , Germouth , Goermoet , Gormoedt , Gormoet , Gormouth (Khormout) , Hhormont , Hormout (Hurmut) , Hormouz- Sefit-Boun , Hormud , Hormud-e Mir Khund , Hormūd-e Mirkhoyi , Hormuus , Hormux , Hormuz , Horum , Khurma , Kormout , Kormur , Whormoot , Whorwoote , ※ SOURCE for Choeremoet « Den 23. dito trokken wy voorby twee eenzame Manſels, ieder 2 Karrawanſera's en water-tangen hebbende, d'eene Bahadini, en d'andere Sjek Sjek genaamd; reden over klippig gebergte, en zyn by een vermakelyk geboomte en dorp gekomen. Hier zyn 2 Karwanſera's, dog klein, en eenige tankken; dog flegt water. Deze Mantel werd Choeremoet genaamd. [On the 23rd day we passed by two lonely Manſels, each having 2 Karrawanſeras and water-tongs, one called Bahadini, and the other Shek Shek; drove over cliffy mountains, and came to a pleasant tree and village. Here are 2 Karwanſeras, both small, and some tanks; dog throws water. This Cloak was called Choeremoet.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 266 ※ SOURCE for Churmoot « 14 The 14th daye being Sundaye we came to Churmoot [Hormuz), (3) a litl fine towne lying in a groue of date trees. Here we picht in a caravansero lying wthin a bowshott from the towne,haueing traveled 6 lges. of stonie waye. This daye we came over a high craggi hill. Here is good tanck water. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 83 ※ SOURCE for Cormoot « Thus far we came directly in a Line; now we wander to and again in the Meanders of the Barren Hills, with indefatigable Industry, till we descend into a large Plain, at the End whereof Sham Zangee (1) an Abassin, had built an old Caravan, Twenty Miles from Cormoot; where we met a Caphala of light Asses going for the Port; and here we were obliged to change more of our Camels, they being quite tired. fn. 1 Shamsangl. "I lodg’d at a little Inn call’d Shamzenghi. It is low, built like a Cross, with four doors to receive the cool winds every way” (Tavernier, 254). For the route, see Wilson, op. cit. 158. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 pp 189-90 « March the 2d. At 4 afternoon sett out for Cormoot, 7 farsangs; the 1st farsang a little stoney, 4 ore good way till come to a Radeler house at the foot of a mountain which we must pass, being one farsang bad way; the last farsang good way. Cormoot is a large village with abundance of Date trees; may have your horse shod and anything else fitt for Travellers. Note: Diary of 2 March 1707/8. Cormoot. Hormuz. Le Bruyn (II, 70 and 134) calls it Gormoet and Germoet, and he has an illustration of the inn. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 43 and 49 ※ SOURCE for Germoet « quamen ongeveer naer ses grote mijlen rijdens 'savonts tusschen 10 à 11 uuren met 'tondergaan der mane in de carewansera aan 't dorp Germoet (1) te rusten.fn. 1 Hormuz (Simla kaart). De karavaanweg van Bender-Congo (Kung)naar Lar vereenigt zich hier met dien van Bender-Abbas. Thans wordtLingah (nabij Kung gelegen) door dezen weg bediend. De afleiding lagergegeven van Gorma (khurma dadel) komt ook voor bij Fryer, Char-din, Thévenot (Hormont), De Bruyn en Tomaschek, en heeft wel haaroorsprong in de aanwezigheid van een aantal dadelpalmen. [After about six miles of riding, we came to rest in the carewansera at the village of Germoet (1) between 10 and 11 o'clock in the evening when the moon was going down.fn. 1 Hormuz (Simla card). The caravan road from Bender-Congo (Kung) to Lar joins here with that from Bender-Abbas. Currently Lingah (located near Kung) is served by this road. The lower derivation of Gorma (khurma date) also occurs in Fryer, Chardin, Thévenot (Hormont), De Bruyn and Tomaschek, and does have its origin in the presence of a number of date palms.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 42 ※ SOURCE for Germouth «095 (km) Germouth (Chardin) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 [see source « Gormouth (Khormout) » belowof alternate Chardin spelling. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Goermoet « Den 12. dito vertrek zyn Ed: weder op 't vorige uur desnachts, trok voorby Tangadoelon, quam ontrent half negen in Goermoet, [On the 12th his Ed left: again at the previous hour at night, passed Tangadoelon, arrived at Goermoet about half past eight,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273 « Den 6. dito na 4 mylen ruim rydens, in 't dorp Goermoet, en na nog een myl, 's middags in de Karrawaanſera Borka Aga Sjouwmaat. [On the 6th, after 4 miles, in the village of Goermoet, and after another mile, in the afternoon in the Karrawaanſera Borka Aga Sjouwmaat.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Gormoedt « 19 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 385 « 10 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 360 ※ SOURCE for Gormoet « Nous paſſames enfuite des montagnes et des rochers, et arrivámes à une heure du matin au Caravanʃerai de Gormoet; après une traite de 5. lieuës. [We passed mountains and rocks, and arrived at one o'clock in the morning at the Caravan'erai of Gormoet; after a milking of 5 leagues.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 318 ※ SOURCE for Gormouth (Khormout) « La traite aboutit à un grand village, qu'on nomme Gormouth (Khormout), si grand qu'il occupe bien une demi-lieue de terrain avec ses jardins, quiconsistent en unamas de dattiers; et c'est la raison de sa dénomination, qui vient de gormah (Khormá), qui signifie datte (*). fn. (*) Nakhl. Ce mot arabe signifie palmier, dattier, Phoenix dac- tylifera, Linn. Voyez les détails les plus circonstanciés sur la culture du dattier, et la récolte et l'usage de ses fruits, dans les Amænita- fes exotica, pag. 661-754; et dans un fragment très-curieux de la Cosmographie d'Ebn al-odardy, pag. 41-73, des Dissertationes ad saeras litteras et philologiam orient, spectantes, d'Aurivillius, un vol. fn-8. (L.) [The path leads to a large village, called Gormouth (Khormout), so large that it occupies half a league of land with its gardens, which consist of a pile of date palms; and this is the reason for its name, which comes from gormah (Khormá), which means date (*). fn. (*) Nakhl. This Arabic word means palm, date palm, Phoenix dactylifera, Linn. See the most detailed details on the cultivation of the date palm, and the harvest and use of its fruits, in the Amænitafes exotica, pag. 661-754; and in a very curious fragment of the Cosmography of Ebn al-odardy, pag. 41-73, from Dissertationes ad saeras litteras et philologiam orient, spectantes, by Aurivillius, a vol. fn-8. (L.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p.488 ※ SOURCE for Hhormont «095 (km) Hhormont (Thévenot) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Hormout (Hurmut) « Hormout (Hurmut) for each carga four qäzbekis for gūshi, but with a small present one may have to pay only a quarter or at a maximum half of this amount. » #3297 John Emerson, Rahdars and Their Tolls in Safavid and Afsharid Iran, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 1987 vol. 30:no. 3:pp. 318-327 ~ p. 321 ※ SOURCE for Hormouz- Sefit-Boun « Nous arrivons à deux heures à Hormouz- Sefit-Boun (1), village environné de murs flan- qués de tours. Nous obtinmes un logement; mais on ne voulut rien nous fournir. Ce vil- lage, autrefois considérable, n'est aujourd'hui composé que de dix familles qui sont venues s'y établir depuis quatorze mois seulement. [We arrive at two o'clock at Hormouz-Sefit-Boun (1), a village surrounded by walls flanked by towers. We obtained lodging; but they would not provide us with anything. This village, formerly considerable, is today composed of only ten families who have come to settle there for only fourteen months.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 429 ※ SOURCE for Hormud « A little farther on from that point, Hormud appeared; this is where we had planned on stopping for the day. Shortly before entering the city, we were greeted by its governor and five or six other Persians who accompanied the Ambassador to a [margin: small] tent that his servants had pitched in a palm orchard next to the town. This place was more beautiful than any other we had seen thus far: the ground was covered with thick, green grass, and it was nestled among a great number of palms that were laden with the most beautiful dates imaginable. ... The Ambassador [fol. 221r] was also regaled with wine and fruit, including great bunches of dates that were as big and tasty as the ones from Fārs. The dates from Jahrom and from this small town of Hormu are generally praised and prized more than any others. Just as the Ambassador was about to dine, there arrived a dervish or hermit that lived by himself in a nearby hermitage, and who was considered by all the Persians to be a holy man. »#2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 328 ※ SOURCE for Hormūd-e Mirkhoyi « The caravan then arrived at another caravanserai that was near a village of seventy shacks that had been badly constructed out of mud walls, but its location was pleasant and beautiful, surrounded by many palm and other kinds of trees that were green and leafy, notwithstanding it was so late in the fall. This village is called Hormūd (26) because of the great abundance of its dates. fn. 26 Hormūd-e Mirkhoyi; Silva y Figueroa may be correct in his translation of the Persian word for date palm. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 300 ※ SOURCE for Hormux « Hormux » in {map#1243 in #3222 Frederic Goldsmid, Lieutenant H. B. Vaughan's Recent Journey in Eastern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, Vol. 12:No. 10:pp. 577-595 ~ fig. Lieut. Vaughan's Route Journey through Central Persia} ※ SOURCE for Hormuz «095 (km) Hormuz (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 « Of Hormuz itself we are told the ruins around it must once have been a much larger place. The hills on its north side contain sulphur and large quantities iron. "Ibex wild sheep, partridges, and sand-grouse abound." Owing to the reports of conflict between the Arabs and Persians Darab, and the consequent insecurity for travellers, the first three days of the new year were spent at Hormuz. » #3222 Frederic Goldsmid, Lieutenant H. B. Vaughan's Recent Journey in Eastern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, Vol. 12:No. 10:pp. 577-595 ~ p. 580 « Persian text omitted. [12 They move from Agha Jamal to Hormuz, the distance is two miles. There are mountains on both sides and the road is flat. Hormoz village is located at the foot of the mountain. The river Shur flows through this mountain and village, and Hormoz has many houses and palm trees. two They have a caravanserai and ten ponds. Most of the people living there are riflemen, all of them have Martin. There are many mines in Mount Hormuz, there is also a spring of fresh water in the slope of Mount Gharib near the village. There is also a castle in the middle of the grove.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 581 « At 12 miles halt at Hormuz. ... A small village surrounded by a ruined wall, and about 50 yards square. A few huts outside, a dilapidated caravanserai, and a few ruinous bourkahs about.The village musters 20 fighting men. There is a tower in the centre of the accompanying description. On the approach of danger about ten men retire to it and command the village and approaches by their fire. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 10 ※ SOURCE for Horum «095 (km) |Horum (De Silva Figueroa) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 « About two days Journey from Guin lies the little City Horum, so call'd from its Beauty and great plenty of Dates; as also anotherof the same denomination, between Cabrestan and Lara. Between Guin and Horum you meet with a barren and uninhabited Desart, of three days Journey, not having in all that way above two Pits of Water. » #3302 Ogilby, John, Asia. The first part being an accurate description of Persia, and the several provinces thereof : ..., Printed by the author at his house in White-friers, London, 1673 ~ p. 7 ※ SOURCE for Khurma « (30) Khurma-6 farsakhs. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 ※ SOURCE for Kormout « Je marchai trois heures dans une plaine fertile, puis entre d'affreux rochers, et sur les dix heures du soir j'arrivai à Kormout, grand village rempli de palmiers. [I walked for three hours in a fertile plain, then between horrible rocks, and around ten o'clock in the evening I arrived at Kormout, a large village filled with palm trees.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 322 « Nous traversâmes ensuite une basse montagne, et nous descendîmes encore dans une plaine où est le village de Khormout; notre menzil, à douze heures de Tengonou. [We then crossed a low mountain, and we descended again into a plain where the village of Khormout is; our menzil, twelve hours from Tengonou.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 531 ※ SOURCE for Kormur « Durch Kormur, Koferstan, Göſchiran und andere Orth über mannigfaltigeGe bürg und sehr gesalkene Wasserlein fas men wir vor ungeheuer hohe Berge die kein Thal durchschnitte/soweit unsere Aus gen seben kunten. [Through Kormur, Koferstan, Göſchiran and other places over various mountains and very salty little streams we came across immensely high mountains which, as far as our eyes could see, were not crossed by any valley.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 269 ※ SOURCE for Whormoot « Our next daies travell was to Whormoot, eleven farfangs (thirty three miles) where we found a black paviliion; in it three old Arabians; who, out of their Alcoran ingeminated a dolefull requiem to their Brothers carcaffe, over which they fat; their lookes were clouded with pathetick fadneffe, their cheekes bedewed with briny teares, intending (afeer the Jewish mode, septem ad luctus) to folemnife his farewell feven daies, finging, fighing, weeping. ... Nigh Whormoot are Duzgun, LazianDe, and other Townes, where is got the beſt AffaFatida through all the Orient:the tree is like our brier in height, the leaves reſemble Fig leaves, the root the Radith: the vertue had need be much, it ftincks ſo odiously. But, though the favour bee fo bale, the fapor is fo excellent, that no meat, no fauce, no veffell pleaſes the Guzurats pallat, fave what reliſhes of it. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 125 ※ SOURCE for Whorwoote «095 (km) Whorwoote (Herbert) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 Hormuj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066746 coordinate: lat 28.542394 long 53.741574 NIMA/GNS names: Hormuj , Hormuj-e Sofla , هرموج , VARIANT names: Hormud , Hormuj , ※ SOURCE for Hormud « A little farther on from that point, Hormud appeared; this is where we had planned on stopping for the day. Shortly before entering the city, we were greeted by its governor and five or six other Persians who accompanied the Ambassador to a [margin: small] tent that his servants had pitched in a palm orchard next to the town. This place was more beautiful than any other we had seen thus far: the ground was covered with thick, green grass, and it was nestled among a great number of palms that were laden with the most beautiful dates imaginable. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 328 ※ SOURCE for Hormuj « Plain is fertile and has small streams of fresh water here and there. Fortified villages of Hormuz and Abdalūn, each with patches of cultivation round it, are passed. Surface of track, which is practically level throughout its length, is generally good and free from stones » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 195 Hormuz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066743 coordinate: lat 27.5026 long 54.2839 NIMA/GNS names: Harmood , Harmud , Hormoz , Hormud , Hormud-e Bagh , Hormuz , هرمود , VARIANT names: Cormu , Hormud-e Abbasi , Hormuz , Kormut , ※ SOURCE for Cormu and immediately mounted again and continued our trip to the town of Hormude Bagh. (10) We arrived there at the 5th hour of the night in a caravanserai that was not better than the past ones. In fact, its arches were narrower, and behind them for the whole length of the place there were covered stalls for the animals. fn. 10 Bembo calls it "Cormu." The town is just to the south of Lar. « and immediately mounted again and continued our trip to the town of Hormude Bagh. (10) We arrived there at the 5th hour of the night in a caravanserai that was not better than the past ones. In fact, its arches were narrower, and behind them for the whole length of the place there were covered stalls for the animals.fn. 10 Bembo calls it "Cormu." The town is just to the south of Lar. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 292 ※ SOURCE for Hormud-e Abbasi « Bei km 51 erreicht man den Ort Hormud-e Abbasi, von Gemelli-Carreri als „Khormut" und als Etappenort ohne Karavanserail signalisiert. Der nächste Halt wird von ihm im Dorf Pasgah-Pasagan" angegeben, das wahrscheinlich mit Hedges „Possa-chan" identisch ist und sich heute als ausgedehnte Rui- nenstätte präsentiert, Reste eines Karavanserails konnten hier nicht nachgewiesen wer- den. [At km 51 you reach the place Hormud-e Abbasi, which Gemelli-Carreri describes as "Khormut" and as a stopover without a caravanserai. He says the next stop is the village of "Pasgah-Pasagan", which is probably identical to Hedge's "Possa-chan" and is now an extensive ruin site; no remains of a caravanserai could be found here.] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 302 ※ SOURCE for Hormuz « We started next morning from Anwe with an honorary escort of fifteen musket-men and two of the khan's servants; crossing a pass we entered the Lar district, and marched over a plain to Hormuz, where we halted. My escort were all Sunnis, and the villagers inhabiting this and those to the north were all Shiahs. ... Close by the town were the ruins of a city built of stone, which must have contained several thousand inhabitants. There is another Hormuz, a village on the road to Forg, and also the famous Hormuz near Randar Abbas. » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 25 « We started next morning from Anwe with an honorary escort of fifteen musket-men and two of the khan's servants; crossing a pass we entered the Lar district, and marched over a plain to Hormuz, where we halted. My escort were all Sunnis, and the villagers inhabiting this and those to the north were all Shiahs. ... Close by the town were the ruins of a city built of stone, which must have contained several thousand inhabitants. There is another Hormuz, a village on the road to Forg, and also the famous Hormuz near Randar Abbas. » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 25 ※ SOURCE for Kormut « Poftici in cammino per nu- di monti, e valli, venimmo dopo fette ore nel Caſale, e picciolo Karvanſerà di Kormut, 20, miglia lontano da Nimba : [After walking through bare mountains and valleys, we came after several hours to the Caſale, and little Karvanſerà of Kormut, 20, miles away from Nimba:] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 273 NIMA/GNS feature: ADM2 independent coordinate: lat 27.3 long 56.7 VARIANT names: Hormuz (area) , Irmuziya , ※ SOURCE for Hormuz (area) GNS data ※ SOURCE for Irmuziya « Strictly, if we accept this story as correct, we must allow about three years between the building of the ships and the invasion that waited on the news of their arrival at Suez. In fact we cannot believe that the flotilla would not have put in at Hormuz at the mouth of the Persian Gulf“ to report its progress; and it is difficult to believe that the voyage down the Indus was carried out before Darius had invaded India. But the voyage itself was real enough (above, p. 14), and the results of it were known to Eastern Greeks before the end of the sixth century. » #250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983 ~ p. 62 « We have already come across Irmuziya (presumably workers from Hormuz). #250 p.87 which refers to note 13, Irmuziya for forty-three people in an Elamite tablet from Persepolis, in Greek Harmoza, Harmouza, and the like. » #250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983 ~ p. 239 Hormuz (island) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3066732 coordinate: lat 27.0649 long 56.4644 NIMA/GNS names: Hormoz , Hormuz Island , Jazireh Hormoz , Jazireh-ye Hormoz , Jezirat Hormuz , Ormuz Island , جزيره هرمز , جزيره هرمز , هرمز , VARIANT names: Aramuz , Djaroun , Djarun , Gerun , Gyrina , Hormuz (island) , Hu-lu-mo-ssu , I. Dormus , Jerun , Lu-i-hu-mo-ssu , Nekrokis , New Hurmuz Jarawn , Organa , Ormvs, Ormus , Turgana , Y daramuz , ※ SOURCE for Aramuz « Aramuz, Y daramuz, ormuz [Portuguese name] Hurmuz [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Djaroun « "Ormuz a deux ports, au levant et au ponant, très bons", signale Martín Fernández de Figueroa (25). Les petites embarcations font la navette entre le rivage et les gros navires (26), que la faible profondeur des eaux empêche d'aborder à quai. La qualité des mouillages, sans doute, avait décidé les émigrants du Vieil-Ormuz à choisir la pointe nord de Djaroun pour leur nouvel établissement. Tomé Pires l'affirme sans ambages : "cette ville s'est fondée à cause du port" (27). Et Pero de Albuquerque exposait à D. Manuel : "La région n'a pas d'autre échelle qui ait un si bon port pour les gros bâtiments (naos) et si près de la terre ferme." (28) Libre de constructions, le bout extrême de la pointe, appelé par les Comentários "pointe de Morona" (29), est bordé au sud par la résidence des rois d’Ormuz, palais fortifié offrant l’aspect massif qu’on voit de nos jours encore aux demeures des cheykhs arabes du Golfe Persique ou de l’Arabie méridionale. fn. 25 Augur, p. 86: Barbosa, I, p. 92; Brás, 1/37, p. 138; Tenreiro, p. 4, d'où Cast., II/58, p. 337, d'où Góis, II/32, p. 107. En 1582 encore, of. Livro das cidades, p. 50; dans les années 1820, Whitelock, p. 171. fn. 26 Cf. Titolo das remdas. fn. 27 Pires, p. 337/20 ( por rezam do porto se fumdou esta cidade). Les textes les plus explicites qui mentionnent le transfert, - en 1300, à cause du péril représenté par les Mongols Qaraunas, -disent seulement que le régent Ayaz se réfugia d'abord à Qishm, puis à Djaroun, où il avait déjà trouvé asile quelques années auparavant (ef. Aubin, Princes, p. 94-95). On peut se demander si l'ensablement de la rivière de Minäb n'incitait pas, autant que les raids mongols, à abandonner le site du Vieil-Ormuz. Au début du XVIe siècle, en tout cas, le littoral iranien a trop peu de fond pour que les naos puissent y aborder (Correia, II, p. 815). Cf. Whitelock, p. 172; Figueroa, infra n. 180. fn. 28 D'Ormuz, 5.VIII.1516 (CA, VII, p. 161; Alg. Doc., p. 389). fn. 29 Brás, 1/37, p. 138. Selon un reportage sur Ormuz paru dans le journal iranien Ettelädt (édition pour l'étranger, nº 5310 du 22 mordåd 1346/13 août 1967, p. 3), le toponyme (notée Marnas/Mur(.)na) serait encore vivant. » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p.86 ※ SOURCE for Djarun « A few years after Marco Polo's second visit, repeated raids by marauding tribes became so serious that Kutb al-Din Tahamtan the King of Hormuz, in 700/1300, abandoned the site and moved all the inhabitants and their possessions to the small island of Djarun, 60 km to the west and 6 km south of the nearest point on the mainland. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 3 p. 585 « The name Djarun was transferred to the small town and port of Suru or Shahru on the mainland 17 km to the north-west, where goods in transit to or from Hormuz were transhipped; this name became corrupted to Gamru and was further corrupted by Europeans into Gambrun, Gombrun and Gombroon. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 3 p. 585 ※ SOURCE for Gerun « Hormuz was originally on the main-land where Gamrfm now stands. Its inhabitants were transferred to the island till then called Jerún or Gerún - the Gyrina of Strabo (xvi.); so that Gyrina. is probably the true reading in Arrian. (lnd., p.352.) » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 p.276 ※ SOURCE for Gyrina « Hormuz was originally on the main-land where Gamrfm now stands. Its inhabitants were transferred to the island till then called Jerún or Gerún - the Gyrina of Strabo (xvi.); so that Gyrina. is probably the true reading in Arrian. (lnd., p.352.) » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 p.276 ※ SOURCE for Hormuz (island) owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Hormuz, 56.417, 27.083, IR, nkn, exact, 63, tmcIRa0100_043a » #1839 Morgan, Jacques de, Mission scientifique en Perse Tome Second Études Géographiques, Ernest Leroux, Paris, 1895 vol. 2: ~ Fig. 136. Djézirèt Hormüz p. 289 « from Lar to Bandar (28). And that is where the harbour of Hormuz (29) is, fn. 28 By "Bandar" (lit., harbour) Nikitin means Old Hormuz (see next note).fn. 29 Hormuz is an island and old seaport in the Persian Gulf. Old Hormuz stood on the coast. » #623 Nikitin, Athanasy, Khozhenie za tri moria Afanasiia Nikitina, 1466-1472 gg. (Afansy Nikitin's Voyage beyond the Three Seas, 1466-1472), Moskva, 1960, ~ p. 109 ※ SOURCE for Hu-lu-mo-ssu #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 p. 165 ※ SOURCE for I. Dormus « I. Dormus » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 ※ SOURCE for Jerun « Hormuz was originally on the main-land where Gamrfm now stands. Its inhabitants were transferred to the island till then called Jerún or Gerún - the Gyrina of Strabo (xvi.); so that Gyrina. is probably the true reading in Arrian. (lnd., p.352.) » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 p.276 ※ SOURCE for Lu-i-hu-mo-ssu « The second character is really a fish-hook indicating that the characters lu and hu have been wrongly transposed. » author's notes #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 p. 17 ※ SOURCE for Nekrokis « Nekrokis perhaps Ormuz » #239 Purchas, Purchas, his pilgrims in five books, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1625 ※ SOURCE for New Hurmuz Jarawn « Opposite it in the sea is New Hurmuz, and be- tween them is a sea passage of three farsakhs. We came to New Hurmuz, which is an island whose city is called Jarawn. (118) fn. 118 New Hurmuz was founded on the island of Jarūn by Ayaz (see above, p. 396, n. 100) shortly after 1300 (Schwarz, III, 242, 245). According to Mustawfi (177) the ferry-port for Jarün on the mainland was called Tüsar. The island is actually about six miles long. » #357 Ibn Baṭu¯ṭah, Muh?ammad ibn ʿAbd Alla¯h, The Travels of Ibn Battuta translated with revisions and notes, from the Arabic text edited by C. Defre´mery and B. R. Sanguinetti, by H. A. R. Gibb., Hakluyt Society:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, Cambridge:New Delhi, 1958- :1993, ~ vol. 2 p. 400 ※ SOURCE for Organa « The barren island was called Organa, which is the far-famed Island of Ormuz, situated at the entrance of the gulf, about ten miles from the Persian coast and about fifteen miles in circumference. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 p.274 ※ SOURCE for Ormvs, Ormus « Ormvs » in #1644 Livro de Lisuarte de Abreu, Comissão Nacional para as Comemorações dos Descobrimentos Portugueses, Lisboa, 1992 ~ illustration f.83v-84, bottom right of latter folio « The two and twentieth day of June, 1581. I arrived at Ormuz, and presently was carried before the Captaine, whose name was Don Gonsalvo. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 459 ※ SOURCE for Turgana #234 Ammianus Marcellinus, Ammianus Marcellinus … translated by John C. Rolfe, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1986 ~ vol 2, XXIII, 6, 47-51, p. 376-7 note 2 on p. 376 - "Modern Ormuz" - there is no indication in the notes written 1936, as to which Ormuz. ※ SOURCE for Y daramuz « Ararnuz, Y dararnuz, ormuz Hurmuz » #370 Tibbetts, G. R., Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean before the coming of the Portuguese, The Royal Asiatic Society, Luzac and Co., London, 1971 ~ p. 100 Hormuz (old) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055278 coordinate: lat 27.0666 long 56.9762 NIMA/GNS names: Bandarak , Bandark-e Kohneh , Band-e-Zarak , Bandzak , Bandzarak , Banzark Kohneh , Banzark Now , Banzark-e Kohneh , بندرك , بندزرک , بندزک , VARIANT names: Harmuza , Hormoz , Hormuz (old) , Hurmuz Mughistan , Mo-lo , Ormuz , ※ SOURCE for Harmuza « HARMOZEIA (Ἁρμόζεια, Ind. c. 33; Armuzia, Plin. Nat. 6.23. s. 27), the district surrounding Harmuza, the port at which Nearchus's fleet arrived on their return from India, and which was situated in the SE. corner of Carmania. There can be no doubt that the name of the district Harmozeia, of the port Harmuza, and of the promontory Harmozon at the entrance of the harbour, are all derived from the name of the Persian good spirit Hormuzd or Auramazda, which name has been preserved in the present Ormuz, the name of an island off the site of the former port. The neighbouring land is now called Moghistán. The Anamis or Andanis flowed through Harmozeia into the sea at Harmuza. Its present name is Ibrahám Rúd. » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1872 ~ p. 1030 « HARMUZA (Apμova xóλis, Ptol. vi. 8. § 5), the capital of the district which Arrian has called Harmozeia. There seems to be some doubt whether there any present representative of this place along the coast. The only place which now bears the name of Ormas is an island off the mouth of the -Anamis, to which it has been conjectured by D'An- ville that the inhabitants of the coast must have fled 1 shortly after the time of Timúr. The modern his- tory of this island is well known. It was taken by Albuquerque in 1507, and held with great com- mercial prosperity by the Portuguese till Shah Abbás, aided by the English, took it from them in 1622. While Ormus lasted, the Portuguese had an em- porium second to none but Goa. Shah Abbás built on the opposite coast Bender-Abbassi, and tried to win for it the commerce which Ormuz had possessed. In this, however, he signally failed, and both places are now utterly ruined and abandoned. (Vincent, Voy. of Nearchus, vol. i. pp. 324-334.) [V.] » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1872 ~ p. 1031 ※ SOURCE for Hormoz « Hormoz » in {map#974 Imperium Turcicum in Europa, Asia et Africa, Regiones Proprias, Tributarias, Clientelaresq sicut et omnes ejusdem Beglirbegatus Seu Præfecturas Generales exhibens,, Johann Baptist Homann, 1729/30, } ※ SOURCE for Hormuz (old) « In the latest published archeological (1978) and geographical (1972) studies concerning 01d-Hormoz, STEIN's findings (1937) have not been considered. The fact is, however, that STEIN knew about the complex set of problems involved in the problem of Old-Hormoz in its narrower sense; otherwise his remarks - cautious as they were for whatever reasons cannot be explained. Studies in quaternary geology and archeology in the English-speaking coun- tries up to the year 1979 quote STEIN's findings without, however, checking the data in the field, cf. chapters 1 and 2. There is no consensus about the actual location of the medieval sea-trade center and the port among German geographical and archeological studies and the international Orientalist Research. The different published de- kilometers The question whether There is no consensus about the actual location of the medieval sea-trade center and the port among German geographical and archeological studies and the international Orientalist Research. The different published descriptions of the location differ by several kilometers. The question whether the site of the town and the sea-trade center remained unchanged during the 10th, 11th, 12th and 13th centuries becomes of secondary importance. The key position regarding the inland sea-trade center and the port during the 10th, 11th, 12th or 13th centuries AD is, tentatively speaking, assumed by the location of findings by STEIN (1937) Kalatun and Burchik. If one takes as a basis the newer topographical maps, then the locations of STEIN's findings are not as marked on location maps situated inland, on the borderline of the spring tide- or hurricane tide zone, but rather between mean low water (mittleres Nipptiden-) and mean tide high-water (mittleres Tidenhochwasser) that is directly on today's coastline. STEIN's findings are so one can tentatively assume - located at the edge of a large lagune which reaches far into the country and which here is described as the Old-Hormoz lagune, cf. chapter 3. » #302 Carls, Hans-Georg, Alt-Hormoz, ein historischer Hafen an der Strasse von Hormoz (Iran) : Retrospekt und Prospekt zu einem ungelosten archaologischen, geographischen und orientalischen Problem, Minerva Publikation, Munich, 1982 ~ p. XXVI « Old Hurmuz, or Hurmuz of the mainland, lay at a distance of two post-stages, or half a day's march, from the coast, at the head of a creek called Al-Jir, according to Istakhri, ' by which after one league ships come up thereto from the sea,' and the ruins of the town are still to be seen at the place now known as Minab, vulgarly Minao. In the 4th (10th) century Old Hurmuz was already the seaport for Kirman and Sijistan, and in later times, when New Hurmuz had been built on the island, this place supplanted Kays, just as Kays had previously supplanted Siraf, and became the chief emporium of the Persian Gulf. Istakhri speaks of the mosque and the great warehouses of (Old) Hurmuz, many of the latter being in the outlying villages, two leagues from the town. Palm-groves were numerous and dhurrah was cultivated, also indigo, cummin, and the sugar-cane. Mukaddasi praises the markets of Hurmuz, its water was from underground channels, and its houses were built of unburnt brick. On the sea-shore, half a day's march distant, was Al-'Arsah, ' the Camp,' presumably at the entrance of the Hurmuz creek. The adjacent island is mentioned by Ibn Khurdadbih, in the middle of the 3rd (9th) century, under the name Urmûz (which Mustawfi spells Urmûṣ), and this is doubtless the later island of Jirun. At the beginning of the 8th (t4th) century—one authority gives the year 715 (1315)—the king of Hurmuz, because of the constant incursions of robber tribes, abandoned the city on the mainland, and founded New Hurmuz on the island aforesaid called Jirûn (or Zarûn), which lay one league distant from the shore. At this period New Hurmuz was visited by Ibn Batutah, and it is described by his contemporary Mustawfi, who notes the abundance of the date palms and sugar-cane growing here. Ibn Batutah states that Old Hurmuz in his day was known as Mughistan, and the new town had taken the name of the island, being called Jirûn. It had a Friday Mosque, and fine markets, where goods from Sind and India were brought for sale. At the close of the 8th (14th) century, Timur ordered an expedition against the coast towns near Old Hurmuz, and seven castles in its neighbourhood were all taken and burnt, their garrisons escaping to the island of Jirûn. These seven castles, as enumerated by 'Ali of Yazd, were, Kal'ah-Mina, ' the Castle of the Creek,' at Old Hurmuz, Tang-Zandan, Kushkak, Hisar-Shamil, Kal'ah-Manujan (the town already mentioned), Tarzak, and Taziyan. In 920 (1514) Hurmuz, more generally called Ormuz, was taken by the Portuguese under Albuquerque, and their port of landing on the mainland became celebrated under the name of Gombroon. This is the place which a century later Shah 'Abbas renamed Bandar 'Abbas; it is the present harbour for Kirman, and probably occupies the position of Sûrû or Shahrû mentioned above in the chapter on Firs. The name Gombroon is said to be a corruption of Gumruk (from the Greek Kονμερκί), which became the common term for a ' custom-house' throughout the East. In the Turkish Jahan Numa it is referred to as 'Gumru, the port of Hurmuz, whence to the city of Lar (in Fars) it is four or five days' march.' » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905 ~ pp. 318-9 ※ SOURCE for Hurmuz Mughistan « I travelled next from the land of 'Oman to the land of Hurmuz. Hurmuz is a city on the sea-coast, and is also called Müghistān. (117) f. n. 117 Old Hurmuz was situated on the mainland, some six to eight miles up the Minab creek; see Yule's Marco Polo, I, 110-11, and A. T. Wilson, The Persian Gulf (Oxford, 1928), 100-4. Mughistan was the name of the district of Kirman adjoining the coast: see Pedro Teixeira, Travels, trans. W. F. Sinclair (London, Hakluyt Society, 1902), 156, 186; Wilson, ibid., 126. (One MS. reads 'a region' instead of 'a city'.) Ibn Ba??ū?a strangely omits to say where he sailed from. » #357 Ibn Baṭu¯ṭah, Muh?ammad ibn ʿAbd Alla¯h, The Travels of Ibn Battuta translated with revisions and notes, from the Arabic text edited by C. Defre´mery and B. R. Sanguinetti, by H. A. R. Gibb., Hakluyt Society:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, Cambridge:New Delhi, 1958- :1993, ~ vol. 2 p. 400 ※ SOURCE for Mo-lo « 2) Mo-lo I am disposed to identify with Old Hormuz, which lay at a distance of two post- stages, or half a day's march, from the coast, at the head of a creek called Al-Jir, according to Istakhri, aby which after one league ships come up thereto from the seas. Le Strange, Lands of the Eastern Caliphate, 318. Ibn Batuta, Voyages, II, 280 calls Old Hormuz Mughostan, which may be the original of the Chinese aame Mo-lo. On Old Hormuz, see Yule, Marco Polo, I, 113 and 25 Heyd, Histoire du Commerce, II, 133. Assuming that the identification of Mo-lo with Hormuz is correct, it is interesting to note that this is the only reference in Chinese works to this great port of the Persian Gulf. This is another proof that the Chinese cannot have taken any personal part in the sea trade with Persia in the eighth century, as Geo. Phillips (J. R. A. S. 1896, 525) thinks they did. The Al-Jir of Istakhri is the present Mináb river. » #326 Chau Ju-kua, His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi … translated by F. Hirth and W. W. Rockhill, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 ~ p. 14 ※ SOURCE for Ormuz « The important city of Ormuz, at the mouth of the Persian Gulf, was at this time one of the great centres of the Eastern trade. Not only did a certain portion of trade for Europe pass through it, but the large and important commerce carried on between Persia and India was concentrated there. The wealth and prosperity of Ormuz is described in glowing terms by all early travellers in Asia, and it is called in ancient books 'the richest jewel set in the ring of the world.' Albuquerque quickly grasped the importance of getting possession of Ormuz; he saw that he might by that means not only intercept the Indian trade which went that way, but might also establish a direct trade between Persia and Europe. Persian commodities, as well as those of India, were much valued in Europe. » #2522 H. Morse Stephens, Rulers of India Albuquerque, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1892 ~ « Mr. Steele having described Jask, situated about ninety miles from Ormuz, as a convenient port at which trade might be commenced, was directed to proceed through Persia, by Aleppo, to England, and was strongly recommended to the Court of Directors for his ability and knowledge. » #938 Danvers, F. C., The Portuguese In India: Being a History of the Rise and Decline of Their Eastern Empire, Asian Educational Services, London: New Delhi, 1894: 2003 ~ vol. 2 p. 208 Hormuz Portuguese fort : place IRN (portuguese) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.100987 long 56.452226 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Hormuz Portuguese fort , Hormuz sarai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) VARIANT names: Hormuz sarai , ※ SOURCE for Hormuz sarai « At three furlongs the road passes a caravanserai containing 20 lower rooms, and, close by, another, which is smaller and more ancient. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 28 Hosein Abad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066765 coordinate: lat 27.8776 long 52.2649 NIMA/GNS names: Hosein Abad , Hoseynabad , Husainabad , حسين آباد , VARIANT names: Hosein Abad , Hoseiniye : arch. site IRN UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 27.679899 long 54.350451 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: The coordinates are a best guess VARIANT names: Hoseiniye , Karrawanlera's Baſiga , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Hoseiniye FOR outside Lara overnight [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Hoseiniye « Das ehemals an der Khiabane Djordan im Ostteil der Stadt gelegene Gebäude mit dem Namen Hoseiniye gleicht im Grundriß auf dem ersten Blick einem Hofkaravan- serail mit vier Iwanen (Abb. 8). Der Name Hoseiniye läßt aber vermuten, daß das Bauwerk, welches zur Zeit der Aufnahme (November 1982) völlig ausgeräumt war und zwei Tage später abgerissen wurde, vielleicht eine religiöse Funktion gehabt haben könnte, W. Kleiss wies auf die Ähnlichkeiten in den Grundrissen von Medresen und Karavanserails hin, so daß es schwer ist, bei dem hier vorliegenden Bau eine sichere Deutung vorzunehmen. Tavernier beschreibt ein Karavanserail, welches in Lar am Stadtrand Richtung Ormuz liegen soll, eine Beschreibung, welche auf das Hoseiniye zutreffen könnte. Es scheint möglich anzunehmen, daß man das Bauwerk als Kara- vanserail gebaut und erst später einem anderen Zweck zugeführt hat. [At first glance, the floor plan of the building called Hoseiniye, which was formerly located on the Khiabane Djordan in the eastern part of the city, resembles a court caravan serail with four iwans (Fig. 8). However, the name Hoseiniye suggests that the building, which was completely cleared out at the time of the photo (November 1982) and was demolished two days later, may have had a religious function. W. Kleiss pointed out the similarities in the floor plans of madrassas and caravanserails, so that it is difficult to make a reliable interpretation of the building here. Tavernier describes a caravanserail that is said to be located in Lar on the outskirts of the city towards Ormuz, a description that could apply to Hoseiniye. It seems possible to assume that the structure was built as a caravan serail and only later used for another purpose.] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p. 342 ※ SOURCE for Karrawanlera's Baſiga « Wy trokken voorby de Karrawanlera's Baſiga, en Sargab, [Wy trokken voorby de Karrawanlera's Basiga, en Sargab,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 265 [The above connection Karrawanlera's Baſiga With Hoseiniye is tentative. PBR] Hoseynabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013340 coordinate: lat 32.981183 long 51.042615 NIMA/GNS names: Hoseynabad , Husainabad , حسین آباد , VARIANT names: Hoseynabad , Hoseynabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3758696 coordinate: lat 28.927206 long 54.029196 NIMA/GNS names: Hoseynabad , حسین آباد , VARIANT names: Hausienabad , Hoseynabad , ※ SOURCE for Hausienabad « Hausienabad » in {map#1192 in #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ fig. Map showing road from Shiraz to Jashk sheet 1} Hoseynabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 10505366 coordinate: lat 30.0803 long 55.1738 NIMA/GNS names: Hoseynabad , حسین آباد , VARIANT names: Hoseynabad , Kala Kasim , ※ SOURCE for Kala Kasim « but camped at Kala Kásim a few miles to the south, where are the ruins of a supposed Zoroastrian fire-temple, known as Morghib. The actual town, which is said to have been founded by Pápak or Bábek, the father of Ardeshir, the first monarch of the Sásánian dynasty, can boast of no ruins except a mound on which the ancient fort was situated. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 78 Hoseynabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066779 coordinate: lat 28.7449 long 52.5299 NIMA/GNS names: Hoseynabad , حسین آباد , VARIANT names: Hoseynabad , Hoseynabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746004 coordinate: lat 27.3204 long 53.265 NIMA/GNS names: Hoseynabad , Hoseynabad Khavarzu , 'oseynabad , حسین آباد , حسین آباد خوارزو , VARIANT names: Hoseynabad , Hoseynabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3195851 coordinate: lat 31.438889 long 54.566111 NIMA/GNS names: Hoseynabad , Mazra`eh Husainabad , Mazra`eh-ye Hoseynabad , حسين آباد , مزرعۀ حسين آباد , VARIANT names: Hoseynabad , Hussainabad , ※ SOURCE for Hussainabad « At 8 miles halt at Hussainabad Garden.Time, 3 hours 15 minutes. Road good and passable to all arms.A garden and house belonging to a merchant at Yezd. Water from a stream (section 6" x 2" flowing 3 miles an hour) which fills a fair-sized tank.There are other gardens in the neighbourhood. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 24 Hoseynabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3065979 coordinate: lat 29.177444 long 51.80344 NIMA/GNS names: Hasanabad , Hoseynabad , Hoseynabad-e Bulverdi , Hoseynabad-e Sar Mashhad , Husainabad , Husainabad , حسين آباد , حسین آباد بولوردی , VARIANT names: Hoseynabad , Hoseyneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10965096 coordinate: lat 26.653672 long 54.365024 NIMA/GNS names: 'asineh , Bandar-e 'asineh , Bandar-e Hoseyniyeh , Hoseyneh , ءَسینِه , بَندَرِ ءَسینِه , بندر حسینیه , حسینه , VARIANT names: Essina , Essiua , Hasineh , Hassineh , Hoseyneh , ※ SOURCE for Essina « Essina » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Essiua « Essiua » in {map#1270 in #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 fig. Carte de la Turquie d'Asie, et de la Perse} ※ SOURCE for Hasineh « Hasineh » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lingeh G-40 G 1941} ※ SOURCE for Hassineh « Hassineh a 300 habitants commerçants, marins, cultivateurs, pêcheurs de perles. Sel, céréales, poissons secs. [Hassineh has 300 inhabitants, traders, sailors, farmers, pearl fishermen. Salt, cereals, dried fish. Tchareh has 400 inhabitants, farmers, traders] » #3329 R. Vadala, Le Golfe Persique, Librairie Arthur Rousseau, 1920 ~ p. 87 Hoseyniyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067044 coordinate: lat 32.681949 long 48.246442 NIMA/GNS names: Hoseymieh , Hoseyniyeh , Hoseyniyeh-ye `Olya , Hoseyniyeh-ye Khoda Dad , Qal`eh Husainiyeh , حسینیه , VARIANT names: Hoseyniyeh , Hovayzeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067180 coordinate: lat 31.4619 long 48.074 NIMA/GNS names: Havizeh , Hawiza , Hawizeh , Hovayze , Hovayzeh , Hoveyzeh , Huzgan , هویزه , VARIANT names: Hawizah , Hovayzeh , ※ SOURCE for Hawizah « Hawizah » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. H-39C Deh Diz} « It took me five hours on my wearied horse to reach the town. During the greater part of the way we had to wade through morasses and to cross streams with the water up to my saddle-girths. Hawizah stands in a deserted plain, traversed in every direction by the dry beds of canals and watercourses. The Kerkhah in the year 1837 suddenly changed its course, in consequence of the breaking down of a dam which had been built across it for purposes of irrigation, about five farsaks, or fifteen miles, above the town. One morning the inhabitants discovered that the river which had hitherto flowed through their midst had left them. The lands around, which had been very rich and fertile, having been thus deprived of water soon fell out of cultivation. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 2 p. 166 Howz-e Ab-e Lab Kavir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: 12386125 coordinate: lat 33.485206 long 56.729851 NIMA/GNS names: Howz-e Ab-e Lab Kavir , حوض آب لب کوير , VARIANT names: Howz-e Ab-e Lab Kavir , Howz-e Chil : place IRN (cistern) NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: -3194238 coordinate: lat 33.186068 long 57.621824 NIMA/GNS names: Hauz-i-Chil , Howz-e Chil , حوض چیل , VARIANT names: Howz-e Chil , watering place , ※ SOURCE for watering place « The 23. day we trauelled 4. forsongs to a watering place. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 51 Howz-e Lab-e Rudkhaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: -3072710 coordinate: lat 32.364737 long 54.814592 NIMA/GNS names: Howz-e Lab-e Rudkhaneh , حوض لب رودخانه , VARIANT names: Howz-e Lab-e Rudkhaneh , Howz-e Meyan Tak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3067090 coordinate: lat 32.416667 long 54.933333 NIMA/GNS names: Hauz-i-Miyan-i-Taq , Howz-e Meyan Tak , Howz-e Mian Tak , Howz-e Mian Taq , VARIANT names: Howz-e Meyan Tak , Howz-e Sefid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: -3065553 coordinate: lat 32.383333 long 54.216667 NIMA/GNS names: Ab Anbar-e Haji Ahmad , Ab Anbar-e Hajji Ahmad , Howz-e Sefid , آب انبار حاجی احمد , آب انبار حاجی احمد , VARIANT names: Howz-e Sefid , hoz baland : place IRN (cistern) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.384774 long 54.877564 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Long Pond حوض بلند VARIANT names: hoz baland , Hulawan : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3102787 coordinate: lat 34.3216667 long 45.1802778 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Alvand , Alwand Rud , Aw Hulwan , Aw-i- Hulwan , Cham-i- Hulwan , Hulawan , Nahr Alwand , Nahr Halwan , Rud-e Alvand , Rudkhaneh-ye Alvand , VARIANT names: Hulawan , Huridar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058911 coordinate: lat 28.9782 long 56.5719 NIMA/GNS names: Churi Dar , Churi Dar , Huridar , Huridar , چوری در , حوريدر , VARIANT names: Huridar , Hurmuz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.464246 long 53.46853 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: position based on distance of 28 farskhs between Khunj and Huzu prorated over possible route of 241 km VARIANT names: Haram , Haram (Siram or Marmaz) , Hurmuz , ※ SOURCE for Haram « thence 5 to Haram, » #3139 G. Le Strange, Description of Persia and Mesopotamia in the Year 1340 A.D. from the Nuzhat-al-Ḳulūb of Ḥamd-Allah Mustawfi, with a Summary of the Contents of That Work (Continued from p. 266,, The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1902 ~ p. 762 ※ SOURCE for Haram (Siram or Marmaz) « thence 5 to Haram (Siram or Marmaz), » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 257 ※ SOURCE for Hurmuz « , thence 5 to Hurmuz, » #3133 trans. G. Le Strange, The Geographical Part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub¯ Composed by Hamd-Allāh Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 176 Husainabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3066865 coordinate: lat 32.485179 long 60.215226 NIMA/GNS names: Hasanabad , Hoseynabad , Hoseynabad-e Ghiab , Hoseynabad-e Ghinab , Husainabad , حسين آباد غيناب , VARIANT names: Husainabad , Husseinabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.436242 long 51.776312 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location approximate based on distances VARIANT names: Husseinabad , ※ SOURCE for Husseinabad « Noi poi cam-minate il resto della notte quattro leghe, il sabbato a mattina a buon'ora ci ſermammo a riposare sotto una villa o castello chia-mato Husseinabad, dove tuttavia poca comodità trovammo di vittovaglia. [We then walked the rest of the night for four leagues, and on Saturday morning we stopped to rest early under a villa or castle called Husseinabad, where however we found little comfort in the way of provisions.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 236 Huwailah : place QAT NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -785215 coordinate: lat 25.9333333 long 51.45 NIMA/GNS names: Al Huwaila , Al Huwailah , Al Huwaylah , Huwaila , Huwailah , VARIANT names: Huwailah , ※ SOURCE for Huwailah « AL-HUWAILAH (see Chapter IS) A large ruined fort and settlement, together with a number of ash and shell middens, lie among coastal dunes near the track linking Ras Qirtas and Jusasiyah. AI-Huwailah is described (Lorimer, IIA, 754) as being the chief town of Qatar before the rise of Doha and al-Zubarah and it appears on the D'Anville/ Niebuhr map of 1765 as Huali (Johnstone and Wilkinson, 1960, 442). It was clearly a town of considerable importance from the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries to judge from the extent of its buildings and the profusion and variety of the surface pottery but a few sherds indicated earlier occupation on the site. In order to obtain evidence as to the range of wares in use on a settlement of this kind a collection of surface pottery was made by Mrs. P. Vita-Finzi and Mr. Peter Garlake and a report on the site appears above, pp. 172-9. » #2856 Edi: Beatrice De Cardi, Qatar Archaeological Report Excavations 1973, Published For The Qatar National Museum by Oxford University Press, 1978 ~ p. 191 Huäle in {map#1035 Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A)} see AHduGP map 102 Huwaini 15 : arch. site OMN UTM: DD314960 converted to coordinate: lat 26.181812346923 long 56.3134822648399 VARIANT names: Huwaini 15 , ※ SOURCE for Huwaini 15 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 38 Huzi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071487 coordinate: lat 27.4476 long 52.9727 NIMA/GNS names: Huzi , Khuzi , خوزی , VARIANT names: Huzi , Huzu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 26.725369 long 53.883373 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: ruins visually located قلعه تاریخی بندر کلات VARIANT names: Huzu , Kalat castle , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Huzu FOR Hiṣn Ibn ʿUmāra [[PBR]], AND POSSIBLE LOCATION of huzu AT Chiru lat 26.7147 long 53.7344 [Le Strange], ※ SOURCE for Huzu « The Island of Kish is situated between Hurmuz and Siraf, opposite the important port towns of Huzu (Chiru) and Sawiya. (67) fn. 67. M. Streck, "Kais," Encyclopedia of Islam (Leiden, 1927), II, 669-670. See also Bina, "Tarikh-1 Du Hizār," I, 218-219: Muḥammad Muhit Tabatabai, "Sarzamin-1 Bahrain (The Land of Bahrain)," in R. Shafaq et al., eds., Siminar, 1, 99; and A. W. Stiffe, "Ancient Trading Centers of the Persian Gulf: II. Kais," GJ, VII (June, 1896), 644-649. » #1196 Ricks, Thomas M., Persian Gulf Seafaring and East Africa: Ninth-Twelfth Centuries, African Historical Studies, Boston, 1970 ~ p. 352 « Huzu and Saviyah (2). These, with some other districts, are of the coast-lands that belong to the Island of Qays, being under the rule of the Amir Kaysh. They all lie adjacent to the hot region of the Kirman province. fn. 2 Huzū is probably the modern Chiru, in the Shib Kūh sub-district of Lāristan, lying 10 lengues west of Charuk. In Istakhri (p. 163) the name occurs variously as Sirü, Sürü, or Shahru. Saviyah may be A clerical error, for which we should read Tavanah, the name of a village lying 1 lengue to the westward of Charuk (FNN. 289). » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ p. 330 « Sage und Geschichte reichen sich auch die Hand in den Erzählungen der Araber über das alte Königsgeschlecht Gulanda (8), das bald auf Azd von 'Oman ¹), bald auf den Amaleqiter Kerker (2) zurückgeführt wird, und noch in der Zeit des Islam von 'Oman aus eine ge- waltige Herrschaft über die Inseln und die beiden Gestade des persischen Meerbusens übte (3). Mehr als solche vereinzelte Nach- klänge aus der Blüthezeit eines selbstständigen Königthums von 'Oman bieten aber die einheimischen Nachrichten nicht.fn. 8 al-A'schá bei Gawaliqt 47 u. Qam. 1, 689: ??جُلَدَا فِي عُمان??fn. 2 Jaqût a. a. O. IV, 974. Die Benu-Kerker kennt als amale- qitischen Stamm Maçudi III, 95, der hinzufügt, dass sie nach anderen Gorhomiten waren, und aus Schihr ausgewandert sein sollten.fn. 3 Tabari ed. Koseg. I, 202. Jaqût II, 411 berichtet, dass sie das Schloss Digdân nahe bei Hormuz besassen; Içtachri ebda., dass sie bis an die Grenze von Kerman herrschten, und ihr Geschlecht in die Zeit Moses zurückführten; Jaqût IV, 974, dass sie eine Zollstätte in Huzû, gegenüber der Insel Kisch angelegt hatten; und III, 217, dass sie eine Station سیف بنی? ??الصفار an der persischen Küste besassen.?? 4) Strabo 16, 3, 7. Arrian h. ind. 32, 6. 7. Vgl. C. Müller Geogr. M. 1, 353. [Legend and history also join hands in the stories of the Arabs about the ancient royal family of Gulanda (8), which is sometimes traced back to Azd of 'Oman¹), sometimes to the Amaleqite dungeon (2), and still in time of Islam exercised tremendous dominion from 'Oman over the islands and the two shores of the Persian Gulf (3). However, the local news offers nothing more than such isolated echoes of the heyday of an independent kingdom in 'Oman.fn. 8 al-A'sha at Gawaliqt 47 and Qam. 1, 689: ?جُلَدَا فِي عُمان?fn. 2 Jaqut a. a. O. IV, 974. The Benu dungeons are known as the Amaleqite tribe Maçudi III, 95, who adds that they were, according to other Gorhomites, and should have emigrated from Shihr.fn. 3 Tabari ed. Koseg. I, 202. Jaqut II, 411 reports that they owned the castle of Digdân near Hormuz; Içtachri ibid., that they ruled as far as the borders of Kerman, and led their race back to the time of Moses; Jaqût IV, 974, that they had a customs office in Huzû, opposite the the island of Kish; and III, 217, that they had a station سیف بنی? ?الصفار on the Persian coast.? 4) Strabo 16, 3, 7. Arrian h. Indian 32, 6. 7. Cf. C. Müller Geogr. M. 1, 353.] »#2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ « Hinter dem niedrigen VorsprungRâs Gerd erhebt sich als Endglied des Bergdistrictes Gihan-giriyah, catena mundi' die isolirte kahle dunkelfarbige Fels-tafel Kôh-Gerd bis 1200', sichtbar auf 35 Miles: nach VincentΤαρσίη Nearchs. Freilich führen uns 300 Stadien von Duânetwas weiter, zu dem 15 Miles entfernten Ankerplatz Cárek,welcher Lebensmittel und Wasser besitzt; an der Ostseitemündet ein Wasserlauf, in welchen Boote einfahren, vielleichtder Κάθραψ ποταμός des Ptolemäus. Weiter folgen an der Küstedie Orte Tâbanah تابنه Girah und Kalât-'Obeid; der letzt-genannte liegt auf einem Hügel 250' und hiess vormals Huzû??هزو eine Zwingburg des Seikh von Kiš. Im Hintergrunde??erhebt sich als runde Landmarke der Koh-i-Turungah 5150',Citronenberg. Der letzte Ankerplatz an der Küste gegenüberKiš ist Cirûh mit einem Landvorsprung 30 Miles von Carek,wo die Küste von Karmania ihren natürlichen Abschluss fand, [Behind the low projection Râs Gerd rises as the end member of the mountain district Gihan-giriyah, catena mundi' the isolated, bare, dark-colored rock table Kôh-Gerd up to 1200', visible at 35 miles: according to VincentΤαρσίη Nearchs. Of course, 300 furlongs from Duânetwas take us further to the anchorage Cárek, 15 miles away, which has food and water; On the east side a watercourse flows into which boats enter, perhaps Ptolemy's Κάθραψ ποταμός. Further along the coast are the towns of Tâbanah تابنه Girah and Kalât-'Obeid; The latter is located on a hill 250' and was formerly called Huzû?هزو, a stronghold of the Seikh of Kiš. In the background, the Koh-i-Turungah 5150', Citronenberg, rises as a round landmark. The last anchorage on the coast opposite Kiš is Cirûh with a headland 30 miles from Carek, where the coast of Karmania found its natural conclusion,] »#2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 52 « Settlements on the littoral plain included Huzu, possiblyidentical with Hisn ibn Umarah (Schwarz, 1969: 77-78) near Kung(Tomaschek, 1890). Huzu came into prominence in the Buyid period whenits strong fort was used as a state prison and as the end of the caravanroute to Qais island after the trade had shifted from Siraf (Wilson,1954: 98). »#3094 Donald Whitcomb, Trade and Tradition In Medieval Southern Iran - Thesis, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 1979 ~ p. 54 ※ SOURCE for Kalat castle Kalat castle online reference link [accessed 14 Feb 2025] Hyderabad : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2762685 coordinate: lat 25.3666667 long 68.3666667 NIMA/GNS names: Haidarabad , Hyderabad , VARIANT names: Hyderabad , Pattala , ※ SOURCE for Pattala PATALA (PATTALA) #682 Hazlitt, William, The Classical Gazetteer, A Dictionary of Ancient Sites, Senate, London, 1995 P. 263 Ibra : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787435 coordinate: lat 22.69057 long 58.533369 NIMA/GNS names: Bira , Ibra , Ibra' , Sufalat Ibra' , إبراء , VARIANT names: Ibra , ※ SOURCE for Ibra « Monday, 14th. Accompanied by old Saaf I visited the town, formerly a place of some note, but now greatly fallen to decay. The instant you step from the Desert within the Grove, a most sensible change of the atmo- sphere is experienced. The air feels cold and damp; the ground in every direction is satu- rated with moisture; and, from the density of the shade, the whole appears dark and gloomy. There are still some handsome houses at Ibrah; but the style of building is quite pecu- liar to this part of Arabia. To avoid the damp, and catch an occasional beam of the sun above the trees, they are usually very lofty. A parapet encircling the upper part is tur- reted; and on some of the largest houses guns are mounted. The windows and doors have the Saracenic arch, and every part of the build- ing is profusely decorated with ornaments of stucco in bas relief, some in very good taste. » #19 Wellsted, James Raymond, Travels in Arabia, John Murray, London, 1838 ~ p. 99 Ibrahim Jui : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.347496 long 63.372867 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ibrahim Jui , ※ SOURCE for Ibrahim Jui « 13. Ibrahim Jui (16 miles 7 furlongs-170 miles furlong).-Water abundant. The road leads across a hard level plain for about 9 miles without any obstacle. At the termination of the plain it enters a range of hills of moderate elevation, the path being in some places narrow, difficult, and crossed in many places by the dry beds of mountain torrents. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 332 Ibrahim Jui : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.158496 long 63.199219 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ibrahim Jui , Jui Ibrahim , ※ SOURCE for Ibrahim Jui « 13. Ibrahim Jui (14 miles-165 miles 4 furlongs).-Forage, water, and grass scarce. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 ※ SOURCE for Jui Ibrahim « Jui Ibrahim » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 29 Turkmenistan 1916} Ibrahim Rud : stream grp 37 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.26973 long 63.337662 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ibrahim Rud , ※ SOURCE for Ibrahim Rud « Ibrahim Rud » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 29 Turkmenistan 1916} Ibri : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787437 coordinate: lat 23.232518 long 56.497297 NIMA/GNS names: `Ibri , عبري , VARIANT names: Ibri , Iduyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 45261 coordinate: lat 28.7601 long 53.0547 NIMA/GNS names: Iduyeh , ایدویه , VARIANT names: Aidui , Iduyeh , ※ SOURCE for Aidui « The valley is here again very narrow, and the road winds up and down at the foot of the hills to the west, as far as a ridge known as Gardaneh-i-Zafari, which marks the boundary of the Simakan district. From Aidui, a walled village on the left above the road, there is a descent to the right round the base of a hill. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 479 Iduyeh fort : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.760834 long 53.052797 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Iduyeh fort , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.718261 long 55.540701 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Iersal , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Iersal AT Tonges lat 26.6773 long 55.4491 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Iersal « Basidur, (477) Iersal (478) e Cerbil (479) fn. 477. Errato per Basidu; cf. n. 475. fn. 478. Località non identificata nell'isola di Qishm (cf. G. N. CURZON, Persia, London 1892, II, pp. 410-13). fn. 479. Non identificato. » #1572 Pinto, Olga, Viaggi d i C. Federici e G. Balbi alle Indie Orientali, Istituto Poligrafico Dello Stato, Rome, 1962 ~ p. 117 from Basidu about lat 26.655267° long 55.286187° with a heading of 67° “to the star”, would require a change of direction to “our prow to the north” at lat 26.788941° long 55.733559° to Laft. This point could be about Cerbil. Iersal would lie along that north coast of Qeshm somewhere between Basidu and Cerbil. Ij : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067196 coordinate: lat 29.0214 long 54.2459 NIMA/GNS names: Ij , ایج , VARIANT names: Ij , ※ SOURCE for Ij « Owing to the natural advantages just indicated Ij must have been a placeof some importance even in early times, but owing perhaps to the fact of itslying off any main line of communication it appears among early Arabgeographers to be mentioned only by Istakhri. He describes it correctly asbelonging to the 'cool region'. In the thirteenth century Yaqut speaks of Ijas belonging to the district of Darabgird and praises its fertile gardens andfields. Ibn-al-Balkhi, writing at the very beginning of the twelfth century,also refers to Ij as situated in the Darabgird district. He mentions its tem- perate climate and plentiful fruit, and adds the information that it 'was in former times a mere village, but under the rule of Hasuyah it became a city'.2 We know from the historical portion of Ibn-al-Balkhi's Färs-nameh that Hasūyah was the chief of the powerful tribe of the Ismā'ili Shabänkäreh, round Darabgird, and a contemporary of the author.3The definite chronological indication here conveyed is of special interest with regard to the remarkable ruined site known as Shahr-i-lj, situated on inside of the head of the valley about 2 miles above Ij village. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 167 Ij mosque : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.052119 long 54.218237 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ij mosque , ※ SOURCE for Ij mosque «The stone and four-storied mosque of Aj belongs to the Sasanian period and is located in Ej village in Estehban city and this work was registered as one of the national works of Iran on January 5, 1352 with registration number 957 » in fa.wikipedia, short link online reference link [accessed 19Jan24] Ilam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067203 coordinate: lat 33.6374 long 46.4227 NIMA/GNS names: Elam , Ilam , الام , ایلام , يلام , VARIANT names: Ilam , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.272394 long 48.511774 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: I. [??] S matheu[x?] , I. de S. mateus , I. de S. Mathieu , Ilha de Sã mateus , J. de S. Marheus , J: de S: mateus , J: de saö mateus , s. mateus , ※ SOURCE for I. [??] S matheu[x?] « I. [??] S matheu[x?] » in {map#895 Map of Arabia, H Petrus Berthelot, 1635, British Library, Sloane MS. 197, fo.154} [I. [??] S matheu[x?]] off south end of two islands. PBR] ※ SOURCE for I. de S. mateus « I. de S. mateus » in {map#1018 Portolani e atlanti nautici, Lopo Homem, 1554, Istituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza, Florence, Inv 946} see AHduGP map 24 ※ SOURCE for I. de S. Mathieu « I. de S. Mathieu » in {map#988 Carte Particuliere d'une Partie d'Asie ou sont Les Isles D'Andemaon, Ceylan, Les Maldives, Pierre Mortier, 1700, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Map Collection Stock# 66433} see AHduGP map 51 [two concave islands, I. Murzique west side and I. de S. Mathieu east side. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Ilha de Sã mateus « Ilha de sã mateus» in {map#1044 Composite planisphere from Gaspar Viegas's atlas, Gaspar Viegas, 1537, Archivio di Stato di Firenze} [solitary light brown island and Ilha de Sã mateus to the east. PBR] « Ilha de sã mateus» in {map#1074 Chart of the Persian Gulf and Red Sea, Anonymous Portuguese [Gaspar Viegas], 1537, Florence, Biblioteca Riccardiana (Cod. Ricc. 1813, fol. 12)} see AHduGP map 18 [solitary light brown island and Ilha de Sã mateus to the east. PBR] « Ilha de sa mateus » in {map#935 Chart of the Red Sea and Persian Gulf, Gaspar Viegas, 1537, Biblioteca Riccardiana, Firenze} see PMC vol. 1 EST 50C [solitary light brown island and Ilha de Sã mateus to the east. PBR] « Ilha de ſ. mateus » in {map#936 Chart of the Red Sea and Persian Gulf, Gaspar Viegas, 1537, Archivio di Stato, Firenze, CN 17} see PMC vol.1 EST 50D [solitary light brown island and Ilha de Sã mateus to the east. PBR] ※ SOURCE for J. de S. Marheus « J. de S. Marheus » in {map#837 Deliniantur in hac tabula, Orae maritimae Abexiae, freti Mecani: al. Maris Rubri: Arabiae Freti Mecani: al Maris Rubri: Arabiae, Ormi, Persiae, Supra Sindam usque . . ., Jan Huygen Van Linschoten, 1596, Barry Lawrence Ruderman stock# 81979} see AHduGP map 37 [ I. Musique west of light brown island and J. de S. Marheus east of same but island closer to east coast] ※ SOURCE for J: de S: mateus « J: de S: mateus » in {map#885 f. 7r, India, Arabia, and portion of eastern Africa., Velho, Bartolomeu, 1550-1599, The Huntingdon Library mssHM 44} see PMC vol. 2 EST 227-236 and AHduGP map 26 [J: de S: mateus in black adjacent to hatched area off coast line south east of J: de bagada in red. PBR] « J: de ſ: mateus » in {map#1053 Chart of northeastern Africa, the Red Sea, Arabian Peninsula, and Persian Gulf, Sebastia~o Lopes, 1565, Newberry Library, Chicago, Ayer MS map 26.} see AHduGP map 33 [J: de ſ: mateus in black opposite red island , hatched line to south east. PBR] ※ SOURCE for J: de saö mateus « Murzique. J. de » in {map#834 Eastern Africa, Arabia, and India, Fernão Vaz Dourado, 1550-1575, The Huntington Library HM41 fol11} see PMC vol. 3 EST 269 and AHduGP map 34 [« J: de murzique » black letters, brown island, parallel to and west of blue island « J. de S. mateus » red letters. PBR] ※ SOURCE for s. mateus « s. mateus » in {map#1021 [Carte de l'ocean Indien occidental et du golfe Persique Atlas,fol. 8, Diogo Homem, 1561, Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, (Codex Vindobnensis. 335)} see PMC vol. 2 EST 120-126 and AHduGP map 28 Ilhas dos gizares : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.193096 long 47.418435 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Ilhas dos gizares , Jazayir , yizares , ※ SOURCE for Ilhas dos gizares proposed location approximately midway of the marsh area along the river Tigris as set out in {map#1079 The Marshes, Thesiger, , #120 Thesiger, Wilfred P., The Marsh Arabs, Pengiun Books Ltd., London, 1967 ~} «A estas Ilhas dos gizares/ se chama a mesopotamia » in {map#834 Eastern Africa, Arabia, and India, Fernão Vaz Dourado, 1550-1575, The Huntington Library HM41 fol11} see PMC vol. 3 EST 269 and AHduGP map 34 « fn. 8 See below, letter I, fols. 5b-6a. In 1549 the tribesmen of Jazayir district (yizares in Álvaro), consisted of many islands with their forts and villages and situated in the waters of the Tigres, Euphrates and in the delta region known as the Shatt al-Arab under the leadership of Ali ibn Ulayyan cut all the routes leading to Basra. » #377 Ozbaran, Salih, The Ottoman response to European expansion, Studies on Ottoman-Portuguese Relations in the Indian Ocean and Ottoman Administration in the Arab Lands during the Sixteenth Century, Isis Press, Istanbul, 1994 ~ pp. 160-1 ※ SOURCE for Jazayir « When in that same year, Rashid b. Mughamis, the ruler of Basra, appealed to the Portuguese at Hormuz for help against the Jazayir or Marsh Arabs, its Captain sent Belchior de Sousa Tavares with two brigantines and forty soldiers, who were able to make the Jazayir chief return two forts and agree to pay an annual tribute to Basra. When the ruler of Basra refused the promised payment of seven foists, Sousa Tavares set fire to some coastal settlements, after which he returned to Hormuz. Despite this treatment, the Portuguese nevertheless wanted to keep peaceful relations with Basra.(40) fn. 40 Barros, Ásia, 4ª–III–xiii, xv, 331, 348–50; Faria y Sousa, Portuguese Asia, vol. 1, pt. IV, ch. 3, 12–14. » #2601 Willem Floor, Omani-Portuguese Maritime Activities (1500–1650 CE), in: Ed. Abdulrahman Al Salimi and Eric Staples, Oman A Maritime History, Georg Olms Verlag, Hildesheim, 2017, ~ p. 120 ※ SOURCE for yizares « D. Alvaro starts his letter by giving the news which he obtained from Gonçalo Vaz Coutinho whom Jorge Cabral, the gouvernador of India sent in the beginning of February 1550, with five ships to the Red Sea (o estreito de Meca) in order to learn about the state of the Ottoman fleet and if it was coming against certain Portuguese fortresses in the Indian Ocean: "[Vaz Coutinho] sent me a letter in which he wrote that he had known for sure that the Turks (os turquos) would come to lay siege to this fortress of Hormuz in September with a great armada" (6). However, the Portuguese capitão assures his King that he would never let such an important place to the enemy who now stays very near, in fact at Basra, preparing themselves in order to take further steps towards Hormuz. After describing the fortification of Hormuz and the preparation against a possible Turkish attack he writes about the Turks now at Basra. He says that a certain muslim (mouro) told him that the Ottomans at Basra numbered about two thousand, and had already built a fortress at Kurna (7). D. Álvaro believed that the Turks would have no difficulties to keep the Basra passage under control. Baghdad was near and all the help could easily be provided. On the Ottoman relations with the Arab tribesmen he says: "the same mouro told me, and also through some other people I knew that the yizares had already made peace with the Turks” (8) fn. 6 See below, p. 247. Couto informs us that at this time there were twenty five galleys in preparation at Suez: "Gonçalo de Tavora... foi demandar o Estreito e entrou dent ro, onde tomos algumas gelvas (e, a sort of a small boat) com alguns Mouros, de quem soube que em Suez se fariam prestas vinte e sisco gales, mas que não sabiam pera onde" (Déc. VI, Liv, VIII, Cap. V) fn. 7 See below, leter 1, fol. Sh. Kurna, in a nahiye status in h. 961 (see Basbakanlik Arsivi (Istanbul) Mallyeden Madeover Deferier, no. 17642, p. 717) under the Beylerbeylik of Basra, was taken by the Otomans in 1546 fn. 8 See below, letter I, fols. 5b-6a. In 1549 the tribesmen of Jazayir district (yizares in Álvaro), consisted of many islands with their forts and villages and situated in the waters of the Tigres, Euphrates and in the delta region known as the Shatt al-Arab under the leadership of Ali ibn Ulayyan cut all the routes leading to Basra. The Ottoman forces from Baghdad under Ali Pasa, however, marched against him and made him agree to pay 15 sikke (i.e., an Ottoman coin) of gold each year to the Ottoman government and to rebuild certain forts, including Kurna (cf. Matrakçi Nasuh, Süleyman-nâme, Arkeoloji Library, Istanbul, Ms. 379, fol. 170). See below, letter I, fol. 8a. » #377 Ozbaran, Salih, The Ottoman response to European expansion, Studies on Ottoman-Portuguese Relations in the Indian Ocean and Ottoman Administration in the Arab Lands during the Sixteenth Century, Isis Press, Istanbul, 1994 ~ pp. 160-1 Ilud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067225 coordinate: lat 27.220625 long 54.676954 NIMA/GNS names: Ilud , ايلود , VARIANT names: Ilud , ※ SOURCE for Ilud « 2. The stronghold of Ilūd (fig. 8): The second largest strong-hold on this route is called Ilūd, actually being the main barracks of troops stationed in Lärestän. Based on an historical source, the Nekūdari Moghulan نکودری مغولان during the invasion of the 14th century CE, a significant engagement occurred between Lāri troops and Mongols at this stronghold. Lärestän's Emir, Qotb al-din Lāri قطب الدين لارى was killed in this battle. (46) The favorable location of the stronghold upon a steep slope, coupled with the construction of numerous water reservoirs drastically improved its defensive prop-erties, making it one of the most important fortresses on the Hormūz Strait route. The image presented depicts one of the water reservoirs of the fortress.fn. 46 Qazi Ahmad Ghaffiiri, Tiirikh-e jahiin iirii, Tehran: Hafez, 1343/ 1964, p. 188. » #3350 Mohammad-Bāgher Vosoughi, Welfare and Security Establishments on the Hormūz Strait: Lārestān Caravan Routes between the Fourteenth and Sixteenth Centuries CE, in: ed. Roderich Ptak and Ralph Kauz, Asian Sea Straits Functions and History (c. 500 to 1700), Orientierungen: Zeitschrift zur Kultur Asiens, , 2015, pp. 86-109 ~ p. 99 Ilud castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.202608 long 54.677295 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ilud castle , ※ SOURCE for Ilud castle « 2. The stronghold of Ilūd (fig. 8): The second largest strong-hold on this route is called Ilūd, actually being the main barracks of troops stationed in Lärestän. Based on an historical source, the Nekūdari Moghulan نکودری مغولان during the invasion of the 14th century CE, a significant engagement occurred between Lāri troops and Mongols at this stronghold. Lärestän's Emir, Qotb al-din Lāri قطب الدين لارى was killed in this battle.46 The favorable location of the stronghold upon a steep slope, coupled with the construction of numerous water reservoirs drastically improved its defensive prop-erties, making it one of the most important fortresses on the Hormūz Strait route. The image presented depicts one of the water reservoirs of the fortress. » #3350 Mohammad-Bāgher Vosoughi, Welfare and Security Establishments on the Hormūz Strait: Lārestān Caravan Routes between the Fourteenth and Sixteenth Centuries CE, in: ed. Roderich Ptak and Ralph Kauz, Asian Sea Straits Functions and History (c. 500 to 1700), Orientierungen: Zeitschrift zur Kultur Asiens, , 2015, pp. 86-109 ~ p. 99 Imam Zayd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.181057 long 61.347971 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Imam Zayd امام زید VARIANT names: Imam Zayd , Imamzadeh at Bandar Betaneh / Najiram : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.849578 long 51.835137 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Imamzadeh at Bandar Betaneh / Najiram , ※ SOURCE for Imamzadeh at Bandar Betaneh / Najiram « Picture 5: The ancient site of Bandar Betaneh / Najiram along with a view of Imamzadeh » #3161 Dr. Mohammad Ismail Ismaili Jolodar, A proposal to determine the location of the ancient port of Najiram based on the written texts of Sadr Islam and archaeological studies, 2013, in rasekhoon.net/article/show/1012597/%D9%86%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%85-%DA%A9%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA [accessed:09 Jan 2024] p. 8 Imamzadeh Baba Zai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054314 coordinate: lat 33.2162 long 47.7354 NIMA/GNS names: Baba Zeyd , Emam Zadeh , Emamzadeh Baba Zeyd , Imamzadeh Baba Zai , Imamzadeh Baba Zaid , امام زاده , امامزاده بابا زید , بابا زید , VARIANT names: Imamzadeh Baba Zai , Imamzadeh Ba'en : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.700449 long 54.32647 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: The coordinates are a best guess VARIANT names: Imamzadeh Ba'en , ※ SOURCE for Imamzadeh Ba'en « Dieses Imamzadeh erreicht man, wenn man nach Passieren der Schlucht zwischen Qadamgah und Qal'eh Ashdahar Paykar der safavidischen Straße Richtung Djahrom etwa 2 km folgt und dann nach links zu einem kleinen Hügel, welcher sich aus dem fruchtbaren Tal erhebt, abbiegt. Der Bau liegt an der Ostseite der Erhebung und ist heute stark zerstört (Abb. 21 Taf. 36, 3). Erkennbar ist noch ein quadratischer Raum, der von einer Kuppel nach oben abgeschlossen wird. Das Imamzadeh mit den Maßen von 3 X 3 m öffnet sich nach Osten zu einem kleinen Vorhof. Ein weiteres Gebäude aus einer späteren Periode ist nach Norden zu angebaut. Eine genaue Datierung ist nicht möglich, das Bauwerk dürfte aus dem 11.-14. Jh. stammen. Um das Mausoleum verstreut finden sich die Reste eines Friedhofes mit schönen mittelalterlichen Grab- steinen und Kenotaphen sowie die Reste einer abgekommenen Siedlung des 11.- 18. Jh.50. [This Imamzadeh can be reached if, after passing the gorge between Qadamgah and Qal'eh Ashdahar Paykar, you follow the Safavid road towards Djahrom for about 2 km and then turn left to a small hill that rises from the fertile valley. The building is on the east side of the elevation and is today badly destroyed (Fig. 21, plates 36, 3). A square room can still be seen, which is closed off at the top by a dome. The Imamzadeh, measuring 3 x 3 m, opens to the east into a small courtyard. Another building from a later period is added to the north. An exact dating is not possible, the building probably dates from the 11th to 14th centuries. Century. Scattered around the mausoleum are the remains of a cemetery with beautiful medieval tombstones and cenotaphs as well as the remains of an abandoned settlement from the 11th to 18th centuries.50.] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p. 361 Imamzadeh Hayat Al-Ghayb : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.467921 long 47.930607 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Imamzadeh Hayat Al-Ghayb امام زاده حیات الغیب VARIANT names: Imamzadeh Hayat Al-Ghayb , Imamzadeh Kuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3194517 coordinate: lat 30.266667 long 52.583333 NIMA/GNS names: Imamzadeh Kuh , Kuh-e Emamzadeh Esma`il , كوه امامزاده اسماعيل , VARIANT names: Imamzadeh Kuh , ※ SOURCE for Imamzadeh Kuh « Cette montagne s'appelle la montagne d'Ujon, à cause du village qui en est proche, et aussi la montagne d'iman Zadé (2), à cause d'un tombeau d'un fils d'iman, qui est enterré dans un autre village au bas de la montagne. Ce tombeau est au milieu d'une grande mosquée, entourée de beaucoup de bâtimens fort ornés et de jardins.Le saint qui y est enterré, s'appelle Ismaïl, et est fils de l'iman Jafer (*). de mettre le pied dans la mosquée Cependant a fn. 2 Koutel imân Zadeh Ismail, suivant Thévenot, qui fut plus d'une heure à la mouter. (L-s.) [This mountain is called Mount Ujon, because of the nearby village, and also Mount Imam Zadeh (2), because of the tomb of an imam's son, who is buried in another village at the foot of the mountain. This tomb is in the middle of a large mosque, surrounded by many ornate buildings and gardens.The saint buried there is called Ismail, and is the son of Imam Jafer (*).to set foot in the mosque. However,fn. 2 Koutel Imam Zadeh Ismail, according to Thévenot, who spent more than an hour watching it. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 228-9 Imamzadeh Pir-i Burarak : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.678187 long 54.447946 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Biraki , Imamzadeh Pir-i Burarak , ※ SOURCE for Biraki « A deux heures, nous trouvons deux petits villages, Birak et Biraki. Quant au village de Chercoff dont parle Chardin, c'est un nom estropié et tout à fait inconnu; c'est probablement Birak. Le B majuscule aura été pris pour Ch, i pour e, a pour co; et k pour deux ff (1). fn. 1 Cette explication ressemble beaucoup à une plaisanterie. On pourrait en dire autant de beaucoup d'étymologies. [At two hours, we find two small villages, Birak and Biraki. As for the village of Chercoff of which Chardin speaks, it is a crippled and completely unknown name; it's probably Birak. The capital B will have been taken for Ch, i for e, a for co; and k for two ff (1). fn. 1 This explanation sounds a lot like a joke. The same could be said of many etymologies.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ pp. 530-1 ※ SOURCE for Imamzadeh Pir-i Burarak « Das Imamzadeh Pir-i Burarak befindet sich etwa 10 km östlich von Lar und ist von der Stadt aus über die Khiabane Djordan zu erreichen. Nach 6 km passiert man den Ort Khur und der einzigen Straße nach Osten folgend erreicht man nach 4 km das schon von Weitem sichtbare Bauwerk (Abb. 20 Taf. 36, 2). Das Imamzadeh ist ausgezeichnet erhalten, viele Baudetails sind allerdings durch dick aufgebrachte Stucklagen nicht mehr sichtbar. Auf dem 4 x 4 m messenden Grund- geschoß liegt ein achteckiger Tambur, auf dem sich eine für die Golfregion typische Zuckerhutkuppel erhebt. Sie weist zehn Zonen oder Ringe auf, wobei die ersten fünf jeweils gegeneinander versetzt eine Abfolge von Kreissegmenten und dazwischen vor- springenden Stegen aufweisen, die oberen fünf Zonen weisen nur zackig vorspringende Ecken auf. Die Höhe der Kuppel mit dem pfeilspitzenartigen, durchlochten Abschluß beträgt etwa 6 m, was mit der Höhe des Grundgeschosses eine Gesamthöhe des Bau- werkes von to m ergibt. Das Imamzadeh bildet zugleich den westlichen Abschluß einer kleinen, angebauten Moschee mit einem an drei Seiten von Pfeilern umstandenen Innenhof. [The Imamzadeh Pir-i Burarak is located about 10 km east of Lar and can be reached from the city via the Khiabane Djordan. After 6 km you pass the town of Khur and following the only road to the east you reach the building that can be seen from afar after 4 km (Fig. 20, plate 36, 2). The Imamzadeh is in excellent condition, although many building details are no longer visible due to thick layers of stucco. On the 4 x 4 m ground floor there is an octagonal tambour on which rises a sugarloaf dome typical of the Gulf region. It has ten zones or rings, with the first five having a sequence of circle segments offset from each other and protruding webs between them, while the top five zones only have jaggedly projecting corners. The height of the dome with the arrowhead-like, perforated end is around 6 m, which, together with the height of the ground floor, results in a total height of the building of to m. The Imamzadeh also forms the western end of a small, attached mosque with an inner courtyard surrounded by pillars on three sides.] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p. 358 Imamzadeh Qasim : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062076 coordinate: lat 33.670091 long 49.512336 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Ghasem , Emamzadeh Qasem , Imamzadeh Qasim , امامزاده قاسم , اممزده غسم , VARIANT names: Imamzadeh Qasim , Imanesker : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.76412 long 45.343791 † basis (approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Emomester , Iman Esker , Imanesker , ※ SOURCE for Emomester « I came to Mando, eight p. a town belonging to the Turks. The 25th, eight p. to Emomester. The 26th, eight p. to Boroh, passed over a river in a boat, and came that night to Bagdat. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 219 ※ SOURCE for Iman Esker « Iman Esker » in {map#1328 in #3478 Jean Pierre Edmond Jurien de La Gravière, Les campagnes d'Alexandre, E. Plon et Cie., 1883 ~ fig. Carte de la Perse Orientale, a l'époque actuelle. Dressée par M. Calixte Al Ary, Dessinateur Au Dépôt Des Cartes Et Plans De La Marine, Membre De La Société De Géographie, sous la Direction de M. Le Vice Amiral Jurien De La Gravière,} ※ SOURCE for Imanesker « Imanesker » in {map#410 Carte de Perse, Lisle, Guillaume de, 1675-1726; Covens et Mortier, 1742, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 4638.082 fig. } NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.921271 long 55.734114 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Inderabia Fort , ※ SOURCE for Inderabia Fort « About 1½ miles to the South of Inderabia Point, is situated the fort of the same name, which protects the narrow passage leading to the town of Luft. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1852 ~ ed. 6 vol. 1 p. 408 « Inderabia Fort » marked in {map#1036 Tracing showing the route and coast line from Mogoo Bay to the town of Bunder Abbas, Lewis Pelly, 1684, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F126/37, ff 18-27, in Qatar Digital Library} Indus : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: DPR UFI: -3414679 coordinate: lat 31 long 72 NIMA/GNS names: Hathradi , Indus Basin , Indus Basin , Province of the Punjab , Punjab , Punjab Province , West Punjab , VARIANT names: Indus , Mi-lan , Nahr Mihran , Sindhu , Sin-t'ou , ※ SOURCE for Indus full name Indus Basin ※ SOURCE for Mi-lan #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 13 ※ SOURCE for Nahr Mihran « The Arabs called the Indus Nahr Mihran. Since the time of Fa-hien the Chinese had known of the Indus under its Indian name of Sindhu. » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 13 ※ SOURCE for Sindhu #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 13 ※ SOURCE for Sin-t'ou « It appears probable that P'o-lun is the same country as Huan-tsang's Po-lu-la or Bolor, the modern Balti, the Palow of Marco Polo. It is possible, however, that we should read K'un-lun, for Liang-shu, 54,16 says that the great river called Sin-t'au Sindhu) has its source in the K'un-lun mountains. » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 13 note 4 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 17.028193 long 54.442525 VARIANT names: Inqitat Mirbat , ※ SOURCE for Inqitat Mirbat Co-ordinates based on « Fig. 2. Map of the Khor Rori region. » in #868 Avanzini, Alessandra and Orazi, Roberto, The Construction Phases of Khor Rori's Monumental Gate, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2001 (Nov.) 12:249-259 ~ p. 251 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 17.029038 long 54.432437 VARIANT names: Inqitat Taqah , ※ SOURCE for Inqitat Taqah Co-ordinates based on « Fig. 2. Map of the Khor Rori region. » in #868 Avanzini, Alessandra and Orazi, Roberto, The Construction Phases of Khor Rori's Monumental Gate, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2001 (Nov.) 12:249-259 ~ p. 251 Iranshahr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067262 coordinate: lat 27.202446 long 60.684758 NIMA/GNS names: Fahrej , Fehruj , Iranshahr , Qal`eh-ye Naseri , ايرانشهر , VARIANT names: Fahraj , Iranshahr , Pahra , ※ SOURCE for Fahraj Poura was fairly certainly on the Bampur river, and it was probably at Bampur itself rather than Fahraj (Pahra, now Iranshahr), it will thus have been not more than ten days’ march east of the centre where Alexander camped in Karmania inland from Hormuz. #250 p. 190 ※ SOURCE for Iranshahr Poura was fairly certainly on the Bampur river, and it was probably at Bampur itself rather than Fahraj (Pahra, now Iranshahr), it will thus have been not more than ten days’ march east of the centre where Alexander camped in Karmania inland from Hormuz. #250 p. 190 ※ SOURCE for Pahra Poura was fairly certainly on the Bampur river, and it was probably at Bampur itself rather than Fahraj (Pahra, now Iranshahr), it will thus have been not more than ten days’ march east of the centre where Alexander camped in Karmania inland from Hormuz. #250 p. 190 Iraq : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PCLI UFI: -3102482 coordinate: lat 33 long 44 NIMA/GNS names: `Eraq , Al `Iraq , Al `Iraq , Al Jumhuriyah al `Iraqiyah , Irak , Iraq , Iraq , Iraqi Republic Railways , Jumhuriyat al `Iraq , Komar-i `Eraq , Republic of Iraq , Sikak Hadid al Jumhuriyah al `Iraqiyah , Sikkat Hadid al Jumhuriyah al `Iraqiyah , العراق , جمهورية العراق , ع?راق , ك?مارى ع?راق , VARIANT names: I-lu , Iraq , ※ SOURCE for I-lu #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 117, 122 note 13 Irrigation well : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.736667 long 52.651219 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: « location in FIGURE 1 Tomb-e Bot, map of the site showing the location of the imposed grid system to sample pottery and architectural remains. » in #3354 alireza askari chaverdi, Post-Achaemenid Legacy of the Persian Gulf Hinterland Systematic Survey of Surface Remains from Tomb-e Bot, Fars, Iran, Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia, 2017 ~ p. 130 VARIANT names: Irrigation well , Isfahan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013426 coordinate: lat 32.657218 long 51.677608 NIMA/GNS names: Aspadana , Esfahan , Esfehan , Isfahan , اصفهان , VARIANT names: A-su-pau-han , Esfahan , Gabæ , Hispahan , Hispahone , Isfahan , Ispahan , Ispahawne , I-ssi-fa-hang , Julfa , Spaan , Spahan , Spahawn , Spahone , Ya-ssi-pau-hien , ※ SOURCE for A-su-pau-han « same as Ya-ssi-pau-hien in Amoy dialect » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 116, 121 note12 ※ SOURCE for Gabæ #836 p. 13 ※ SOURCE for Hispahan « And so we arrived at Hispahan. Hispahan is one of the greatest Cities in Persia, where the King sometimes keepeth his residencie. The people are industrious and curious in all Sciences, but especially in weaving Girdles and Shashes, in making of Velvets, Sattens, Dammasks, very good Ormuzines, and Persian Carpets of a wonderfull fine-nesse. Here you may buy all manner of Drugs, and Spices, and Turkeses, with store of Pearles, Diamonds, and Rubies, as also all sorts of Silkes, as well wrought, as raw. » #2540 Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, 1905, ~ vol. 3 pp. 84-5 ※ SOURCE for Hispahone « This daye we came from Hispahone [Ispahan], being the last of Aprill, to Botoon [?J 1 som two leauges from the citye. fn. 1 Not traced. Della Valle gives Bertabad in this neighbourhood. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 45 ※ SOURCE for Ispahan « 3 The city of Spaan, Spahan, or Ispahan, by the Arabians called Isfahan, situated in the southern part of Persian Irak, is well known as the magnificent capital of the kings of the Sefi family, which, espe- cially during the reign of Shah Abbas II., exceeded in splendour, as well as extent, most Asiatic cities. It fell under the dominion of the Moghuls in 1221, and was taken, plundered, and nearly destroyed by Tamerlane in 1387. » #3318 ed. Thomas Wright trans. Marsden, The Travels of Marco Polo, the Venetian, The Translation of Marsden Revised, with a Selection of his Notes, H.G. Bohn, London, 1854 ~ p. 49 fn. 3 « And on the 19th, after three p. we came to Ispahan. » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ p. 216 ※ SOURCE for Ispahawne « The twenty fourth day, we entred into the City where wée staied eleuen or twelue daies.This City of Ispahawne, is a gallant City, and one of the principall Cities of Persia, and aboundeth in traffique of all sorts of Merchandize. There are ma|ny great Surroies, where are houses made of purpose for the laying in and kéeping of Merchants goods, and to harbour and lodge themselues and their Camels Horses or other Cattle, and prouision; the profits of which Surroies redound to the King only. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 53 ※ SOURCE for I-ssi-fa-hang « name written in the Yaun period » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 116, 121 note12 ※ SOURCE for Julfa « From Daulatabad to Julfa 22¾ miles. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 551 ※ SOURCE for Spaan « 3 The city of Spaan, Spahan, or Ispahan, by the Arabians called Isfahan, situated in the southern part of Persian Irak, is well known as the magnificent capital of the kings of the Sefi family, which, espe- cially during the reign of Shah Abbas II., exceeded in splendour, as well as extent, most Asiatic cities. It fell under the dominion of the Moghuls in 1221, and was taken, plundered, and nearly destroyed by Tamerlane in 1387. » #3318 ed. Thomas Wright trans. Marsden, The Travels of Marco Polo, the Venetian, The Translation of Marsden Revised, with a Selection of his Notes, H.G. Bohn, London, 1854 ~ p. 49 fn. 3 « We remained in this city of Spaan with His Majesty until the 25th of this month, during which time we were invited by His Majesty to frequent banquets. Spaan appears to be a very convenient city. It is situated in a plain abounding with all kinds of provisions. It is said that, as the city refused to surrender, much of it was destroyed after it had been taken. It is surrounded by a wall of earth like the others. From Tauris to Spaan is a twenty-four days' journey, through a country entirely belonging to Persia, consisting of a very arid plain with salt water in many places. » #383 Barbaro, J. and Contarini, A., Travels to Tana and Persia, Hakluyt Society:Burt Franklin, Cambridge:New York, 1873:1963-6, ~ p. 131 ※ SOURCE for Spahan « 3 The city of Spaan, Spahan, or Ispahan, by the Arabians called Isfahan, situated in the southern part of Persian Irak, is well known as the magnificent capital of the kings of the Sefi family, which, espe- cially during the reign of Shah Abbas II., exceeded in splendour, as well as extent, most Asiatic cities. It fell under the dominion of the Moghuls in 1221, and was taken, plundered, and nearly destroyed by Tamerlane in 1387. » #3318 ed. Thomas Wright trans. Marsden, The Travels of Marco Polo, the Venetian, The Translation of Marsden Revised, with a Selection of his Notes, H.G. Bohn, London, 1854 ~ p. 49 fn. 3 « December 1.-I hired 125 Camells to carry mine and Mr. Robert Dowglasse's Bales, at Mahmoodies 80 for 100 Maunds Tauris, to Bagdat, and 13 mules to carry our luggage, at Mah-moodies 90 per 100 Maunds Tauris.¹December 13. This day I left Spahan, and began my journey towards Aleppo, by way of Bagdat. » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 213 ※ SOURCE for Spahawn « One of the oldest and best accounts of Ispahan, soon after the period of Shah Abbas's government, is given by Sir Thomas Herbert, an English traveller, who visited it in 1627, and parts of whose description are so curious as to be worth transcribing, especially as his book is not now so easy of access to the general reader. He says:-'The imperial city of Spahawn is in thirty-two degrees thirty-nine minutes north; is seated in the kingdom of Parthia, in a fair plain and pleasant horizon. It is by some called Spaan, and by others Spahan and Hispahan, as their several dialects concorded. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ note p. 231 « ISFAHAN-Telegraph Station. In the Persian province of Irak-Ajim; pronounced "Spahawn." » #3181 Bradshaw's Through Route Overland Guide to India, and Colonial Handbook, W. J. Adams and sons, 1884 ~ p. 253 « The tenth of Aprill wee fet out from Spahawnet a village fix miles South from Spahawn: when we had gone a farfang (three miles,) we were ſtayed by the way to taſte a banquet in a ſpacious garden of the Kings, whither the Engliſh Agent and ſuch other Chriftian Mechants as were in Spaharon came out to attend our Lord Ambaffador: a mile neerer the Citie, the Vifier, the Sultan of Spahawn, Meloyembeg and Hodge nazar the Armenian Prince with foure thousand horse and innumerable foot, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 150 ※ SOURCE for Spahone « The 27th daye we came to on of the Kinges garde[n]swch is wthin an English mile of the citie of Spahone [Ispahan], wher we rested this daye and layd in a muskeet [mosque] this night, weh is ouer against the garden gate. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 67 ※ SOURCE for Ya-ssi-pau-hien #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 116, 121 note12 Isfandaqeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062158 coordinate: lat 28.7136 long 57.1699 NIMA/GNS names: Esfandageh , Esfandaqeh , Gav Koshi , Isfandaqeh , اسفندقه , VARIANT names: Isfandaqeh , ※ SOURCE for Isfandaqeh ref 1102 p114 map Isfanjeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062169 coordinate: lat 33.666569 long 50.054136 NIMA/GNS names: Esfanjak , Esfanjeh , Isfanjeh , اسفنجه , VARIANT names: Isfanjeh , Isfirinjeh , ※ SOURCE for Isfirinjeh « At 2½ miles is the small village of Isfirinjeh, of, about 20 houses. To the right, a mile and a half away is the village of 'Abbāsābād of the same size. At 2¾ miles a ganāt is passed. This marks the end of the cultivation and from here the road winds its way up to the pass. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 237 Ishkanan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062233 coordinate: lat 27.2293 long 53.6082 NIMA/GNS names: `Ishqanan , Eshkanan , Ishkanan , اشکنان , VARIANT names: Aderkan , Ahl or Ishkanan , Ishkanan , Ishkanan or Ashkanan , ※ SOURCE for Aderkan « Aderkan; Persia 27.16 N 53.26E|31Eg » #3168 Alexander Keith Johnston, Index Geographicus Being a List Alphabetically Arranged of the Principal Places on the Globe... and Their Latitudes and Longitudes, W. Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, 1864 ~ p. 6 « Aderkan » in {map#1229 Iran and Turan Oder: Persien, Afghanistan, Balutschistan, Turkestan, Stieler, Adolf, 1875, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 13563.083 fig. } « Stielers Kabrend kann die Lage nicht bestimmen, es stammt wahr- scheinlich aus Idrisi und ist zu weit nach Osten gerückt, wahrschein- lich unter der Voraussetzung, Siraf entspräche Charak (9). Daß dort Aderkan zwischen Lar und Schiwu gesetzt worden ist, verstärkt diesen Verdacht. Den englischen Karten fehlen beide Orte.fn. 9 Vgl. oben (II) 8. 64, Anm. 11. [Stieler's Kabrend cannot determine the location; it probably comes from Idrisi and has been moved too far to the east, probably under the assumption that Siraf corresponds to Charak (9). The fact that Aderkan was placed between Lar and Schiwu reinforces this suspicion. The English maps do not show either place. fn. 9 See above (II) 8. 64, note 11.] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 195-6 ※ SOURCE for Ahl or Ishkanan « AHL (OR ISHKANAN)- A village in Lar, 51 miles from Mogu Bay, 75 miles from Lar, on the road to Shiraz. There is a small fort here and some date groves. Water is procured from wells. Thence a road leads to the village of Bastak. (Pelly- Jones.) » #3256 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Gazetteer of Persia Vol. IV, Printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1892 ~ p. 3 ※ SOURCE for Ishkanan « From 'Abbās Khan's information it became clear that no safe passage could be assured for us by the direct route leading to Lar through the valleys of 'Alā-marv-dasht and Khunj. It was hence considered necessary to prepare for a move down from Galehdär via Warāwi to Ishkanān, whence Lār could be reached through tracts farther away from the disturbed area to the north-west and hence less likely to be affected by the trouble. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 217 ※ SOURCE for Ishkanan or Ashkanan « ISHKANAN, OR ASHKANAN- A village in Laristan, 65 miles from Lar, on the road to Büshire. It possesses several large irrigation wells, some cultivation, and good grazing. A little to the south is a grove of date-palms, and a jungle of tamarisk and kunär bushees, which provide fuel in plenty. (Butcher, March 1888.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ pt. 1 A to K p.439 Isin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3754649 coordinate: lat 27.321242 long 56.284677 NIMA/GNS names: Faryab-e Isin , Faryab-e Luchi , Isin , ایسین , فارياب لوچی , فاریاب ایسین , VARIANT names: Isin , Issin , ※ SOURCE for Issin « Pénétrant ensuite dans une grande vallée , nous franchissons un ruisseau qui , coulant dans un canal de pierre du N. au S. , arrose les champs voisins du village d'Issin , où nous arrivons à cinq heures du soir. [Then penetrating into a large valley, we cross a stream which, flowing in a stone channel from N. to S., waters the fields neighboring the village of Issin , where we arrive at five o'clock in the evening.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 388 Islam Qal'a : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 34.67861037 long 61.08049533 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Islam Qal'a , ※ SOURCE for Islam Qal'a « 454. ISLAM QAL’A Or KAFIR QAL’A. See also 1165 TEPE GULAK. Original: Lat. 34º 40’ N, long. 61º 06’ E. Map 51. Revised: 34.67861037 N, 61.08049533 E / 34º 40’ 42.99733668 N, 61º 04’ 49.78319988 E to 34.67712879 N, 61.07949689 E / 34º 40’ 37.66362816 N, 61º 04’ 46.18880940 E. Herat Province. The Afghan border post on the Herat- Mashhad main road, 116 km west of Herat. Date: Sasanian, 5th cent. (ceramic); early Islamic, 8th–13th cent. (ceramic); 15th cent.(inscription). Description: Square mound with a ruined fort on top and the remains of a caravanserai to the south. The fort was originally an irregular polygon, up to 112 m diameter. Only a few fragments of the towers were still standing in the late 19th cent. The caravanserai is a large, baked brick one with vaulted corridors and a cistern. The northern end is in bad condition. An inscription observed over the entrance in the 19th cent. recorded its building by Hasan Khan Shamlu in the late 15th cent. A separate inscription recorded the architects. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 176 Island Umm Al-Maradem : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -789926 coordinate: lat 28.6783333 long 48.6527778 NIMA/GNS names: Island Umm Al-Maradem , Jazirat Umm al Maradim , VARIANT names: Island Umm Al-Maradem , Mulmaradam island , ※ SOURCE for Mulmaradam island « MULMARADAM ISLAND, in lat. 28° 48' N., about 6 or 7 leagues to the eastward of Ras-ul-zoor, is the southernmost island fronting this part of the coast; Garrow Island, lat. 28° 54' N. lies 4 or 5 leagues to the N. E. of Mulmaradam; and Khubber Island, in 29° 7 N. lies to the N. W.ward of Garrow, all of them being thought safe to approach, with good channels between them; and there is a safe channel between these islands and the coast, leading to the entrance of Graen Haven, but the passage to the eastward of them is generally used by the Company's Packets, which frequent Graen Haven. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817 ~ vol. 1 p. 272 Isma`ilabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062331 coordinate: lat 29.0175 long 52.5753 NIMA/GNS names: Esma`ilabad , Esma'il Abad Hoomeh , Isma`ilabad , اسماعیل آباد , VARIANT names: Isma`ilabad , ※ SOURCE for Isma`ilabad « Ismailabad » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} « The composition of the district with the Häge district marked on the Persian map between Kavar and Firuzabad, approximately in the Ismailabad area of the English map, remains uncertain (9). fn. 9 Ware Häge (written hwege) arose from huwar + ge, so the loss of the r before g would be unusual, and the space for the Gan Hunaifegan (see below) would be narrowed down » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 72 Istakhr : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.981389 long 52.908611 VARIANT names: Istakhr , ※ SOURCE for Istakhr « Other variants: none Details: The location of Istakhr is given by Whitcomb(1979: 368). No. of sherds: 27 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 coordinates corrected with « Site: IST Toponym: Istakhr Lat: 29°58'53N Long: 52°54'31E Sherds: 81 » #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ~ in Marv-Dasht Survey about p. 988 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.52 long 50.0247222 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Istriana , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Istriana AT Al Qatif lat 26.52 long 50.0247222 [Forster], ※ SOURCE for Istriana « Next to the Leanitae on the south, we find, in Ptolemy, the Themi ; inhabiting his Magorum xhi us, or " Gulf of the Magi," with its chief town (hence named), and two others. Here we anchor upon sure ground ; and are enabled to fix with the more certainty the adjoining positions on both sides. For the ancient Themi, are the Magian tribe of Beni Temin ; in all ages of Arabian history, inhabitants of the gulf and city of Magas / a deep bay, with its chief town of the same name, immediately above the bay of Katiff. Their territory, in Ptolemy, extends southward to Thar, (Tarut, on the Astan river,) and includes, consequently, el Katiff, which would appear, hence, to be their third city, named by Ptolemy Istriana. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Duncan and Malcolm; Darf Publishers Limited, 1846; 1984 ~ vol. 2 pp. 215-6 « Unlocated Toponyms Istriana | R | Sprenger 1875.190 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory MAP 95 TYLOS p. 1348 « ISTRIANA, a town of the Themi, Arabia, near Capeus sinus, 8. of Thar. El Katiff » #682 Hazlitt, William, The Classical Gazetteer, A Dictionary of Ancient Sites, Whittaker and Co., 1851 ~ p. 187 « The Themi of the Alexandrine geographer lay along the coast of the Persian Gulf, opposite to the ancient Tylos, or the Bahrein islands. Their boundaries, north and south, can be ascertained, with great accuracy, from the three towns, or cities, which Ptolemy specifies as included in their territory. These towns are, Thar or Ithar (Tarut) ; Istriona (probably the modern Katiff) ; and Magorum Sinus (obviously the Magas of Abulfeda). The ancient Themi, therefore, extended coastwise, from the mouth of the Astan river (the site of Thar or Tarut) to the town and port of Magas, lying about half a degree north of Tylos or Aval, the chief of the Bahrein islands. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Duncan and Malcolm; Darf Publishers Limited, 1846; 1984 ~ vol. 1 pp. 297-8 Ivazmard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.784297 long 52.466714 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Gardaneh Ivazmurd , Ivazmard , ※ SOURCE for Gardaneh Ivazmurd « At 10 miles the ascent becomes more rugged and broken, and the defile merges in a rocky pass called "Gardaneh Ivazmurd," the rate of travelling slowing down to 1 mile 6 furlongs. Up this pass the road continues for 5 furlongs, when the ascent becomes most difficult, and continues so for about a furlong, the road, almost unrideable, passing over rocks piled up, and strata upturned. At 10 miles 6 furlongs attain the summit of the pass. The usual rate is resumed, and the road now traverses a grassy vale, about 200 to 300 yards broad, bordered by very low hills. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 185 Iwan-e Karkheh : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.32262 long 48.127225 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Aivan-i-Karkheh , Iwan-e Karkheh , I'wani-Kerkh , ※ SOURCE for Aivan-i-Karkheh « Aivan-i-Karkheh » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} ※ SOURCE for I'wani-Kerkh « #1766 Rawlinson, H. G., Notes on a March from Zoháb, at the Foot of Zagros, along the Mountains to Khúzistán (Susiana), and from Thence Through the Province of Luristan to Kirmánsháh, in the Year 1836, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1839, 9:26-116 ~ » #1766 Rawlinson, H. G., Notes on a March from Zoháb, at the Foot of Zagros, along the Mountains to Khúzistán (Susiana), and from Thence Through the Province of Luristan to Kirmánsháh, in the Year 1836, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1839, 9:26-116 ~ p. 71 Iwaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062454 coordinate: lat 27.762197 long 54.004175 NIMA/GNS names: `Avaz , `Iwaz , Avaz , Evaz , Evazeh , اوز , VARIANT names: Avas , Avaz , Evaz , Ivaz , Iwaz , ※ SOURCE for Avas « Avas 5 Farsangs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Avaz « The road now passes frequently many cisterns, and, at 16 miles 6 furlongs, enters the out skirts of the town of 'Avaz, which is traversed at 5-3 furlongs. At 17 miles 3.7 furlongs are reached its eastern outskirts. 'Avaz is an open town with clean, broad streets, bordered on either side by small but well-built houses of stones or sun-dried bricks, neatly plastered with mud or lime. There are several large and commodious houses, and many shops, some of which are conducted by Muhammadan traders from Bombay. Inhabitants about 3,000. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 198 ※ SOURCE for Evaz « Evaz » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} ※ SOURCE for Ivaz « 'AVAZ OR IVAZ-LAT. 27° 45' N.; LONG. 54° 3' ? . A town in Läristan, 25 miles from Lar, on the road to Büshire. The streets are broad and clean, and are bordered on either side by small but well-built houses of stone or sun-dried brick, neatly plastered with mud or lime. There are also several large and commodious houses and many shops, some of which are conducted by Muhammadan traders from Bombay. The inhabitants number about 3,000. The water-supply is from cisterns, of which there are many situated on the outskirts of the town, and considerable quantities of supplies are obtainable. There is but little cultivation in the vicinity, and both fuel and grazing are scarce, The dry bed of the large water-course issues from a gorge in the clifis which bound the north side of the Avaz valley, and flows eastward along the base. (Butcher, April 1888.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt 1 p 83 ※ SOURCE for Iwaz « 22nd March, Iwaz, 5 farsakhs ; 7 a.m. to 2 p.m. ... Winding round hill after hill, we came at last to a low saddle-back, over which the fort and houses of Iwaz stood out white upon a narrow green plain. The houses looked taller and better than any we had seen for some days, and we got capital quarters in the hall of the kalantar's house. The village has a population of about 1000, though it is partly uninhabited. It is full of abambars, some of which are very large, with high-domed roofs of stone. The well-water is brackish. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 128 and 130 Izabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3857835 coordinate: lat 32.086376 long 54.128999 NIMA/GNS names: `Ezabad , Ezz Abad , Izabad , Jamalabad , جمال آباد , عزآباد , VARIANT names: Izabad , Izad Khast : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067323 coordinate: lat 31.5161 long 52.1238 NIMA/GNS names: Izad Khast , Izad Khvast , Samirum , Yazd-e Khast , Yazd-e Khvast , Yezd-i-Khast , ایزد خواست , VARIANT names: Izad Khast , Izdehast , Yazdikhast , Yeassechoze , Yezdecawz , Yezdikhast , Yezd-khast , ※ SOURCE for Izad Khast « The third march from Surmek, however, brought me to a place which deserves more notice-Yezdikhast. 'Shiraz,' says an old Persian proverb, 'is famous for wine, Yezdikhast for bread, and Yezd for women.' But there is more than bread to see at Yezdikhast. Truly it is one of the most extraordinary villages of the world From ofon eg the trolladas » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 272 ※ SOURCE for Izdehast « La notte, levata la luna, si riprese al solito il viaggio: ma fatte solamente quattro leghe, il mercoledi, più di un'ora innanzi giorno, arrivammo alla villa Izdehast, che vuol dir Dio volle: dove convenne fermarsi, perchè non vi era altro luogo da ripo-sare, se non molto lontano. [At night, when the moon had risen, we resumed our journey as usual: but having gone only four leagues, on Wednesday, more than an hour before daybreak, we arrived at the villa Izdehast, which means God willed: where we had to stop, because there was no other place to rest, except very far away.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 241 ※ SOURCE for Yazdikhast « There is good water in the stream, a caravansarai close to the right bank, and a chaparkhana, or post-house, on the left bank at the end of the tongue of land on which the village is situated. The latter occupies the whole of the top with the left bank by a bridge. The main street is a small tunnel-like road built over with houses. There was formerly another entrance at the far end of the rock, but the latter has broken away, leaving a drop of 70 feet. No water in the village. The road crosses the nala by a causeway, and ascends the right bank at the caravansarai. The ascent is rather steep through blocks of conglomerate surrounded by limestone.The only entrance to the village is by means of bridge of rafters thrown across the ravine at the S. W. extremity of the village. This bridge is removable and communication with the village can thereby be cut off. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ pp. 187-8 ※ SOURCE for Yeassechoze The 14th daye at night we rested in a cara: and the 15 daye we came to Yeassechoze [Yazd-i-Khast], a poore litle towne standing vpon the side of a valley, being built like a castle. The litle valley yealdeth two cropes of corne a yeare. Here we picht in a caravansero, haueing traveled II lges. of fayre waye. Here we stayde the 16th daye. « The 14th daye at night we rested in a cara: and the 15 daye we came to Yeassechoze [Yazd-i-Khast], a poore litle towne standing vpon the side of a valley, being built like a castle. The litle valley yealdeth two cropes of corne a yeare. Here we picht in a caravansero, haueing traveled II lges. of fayre waye. Here we stayde the 16th daye. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 74 ※ SOURCE for Yezdecawz « next night to Yezdecawz a Towne builtin the bottome of a valley, funck downe in mid a great plaine, whereby it is fcarce to be found, did not a Caftle point it out, raild by Yezdgyrda Perfian King above the Towne, and where is a very stately Carravanf-raw, the best from thence to Bander on the Gulph of Perfia. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 148 ※ SOURCE for Yezdikhast « Nor is there much to be said about Shulgistan, the next day's resting-place, of which all I remember is an ancient mud fort and the decaying blue dome of an Imamzadeh, behind which lay heaped up a white drift of snow. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 272 ※ SOURCE for Yezd-khast « Je logeai à Yesdecast (Yezd-hhâsi), château et bourg, situés dans une vallée longue de vingt lieues, sept à l'orient du château, et treize à l'occident, et large de demi-lieue, presque partout. [I stayed at Yesdecast (Yezd-hhâsi), a castle and town, located in a valley twenty leagues long, seven to the east of the castle, and thirteen to the west, and half a league wide almost everywhere.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 204 Izad Khvast : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067322 coordinate: lat 29.5282 long 53.0273 NIMA/GNS names: Izad Khvast , Izad Khvast Baseri , ایزد خواست , ایزد خواست باصری , VARIANT names: Izad Khvast , Yezd Khast , ※ SOURCE for Yezd Khast « At the 20th mile the village of Yezd Khast occurred, 14 mile to our left; and at the 22nd mile we were parallel with the eastern extremity of a range of rocky mountains intersecting the plain in a direction E. and W., 1 mile to our right. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 77 Izadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067318 coordinate: lat 29.3044 long 55.8256 NIMA/GNS names: Izadabad , Yazdabad , ایزد آباد , VARIANT names: Ezetabad , Izadabad , ※ SOURCE for Ezetabad « At the 2nd mile we reached Ezetabad; at the 5th Tajabad. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 64 Izadabad Taghi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3761096 coordinate: lat 29.077191 long 55.953731 NIMA/GNS names: `Abbasabad , Izadabad Taghi , آيزد آباد طاغی , VARIANT names: Izadabad Taghi , Izadkhast Caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.513364 long 52.133206 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Izadkhast Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Izadkhast Caravanserai online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] Izeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.829167 long 49.868611 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Izeh , ※ SOURCE for Izeh Izeh online reference link [accessed 16 Jul 2025] J. Al Hammah 55a : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 699 905 converted to coordinate: lat 22.51256 long 58.65182 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 55a , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 55a « Habitation site » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 53 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 55b : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 682 914 converted to coordinate: lat 22.52085 long 58.6354 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 55b , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 55b « Habitation site » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 53 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 56 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 699 900 converted to coordinate: lat 22.50804 long 58.65177 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 56 , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 56 « Habitation site » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 53 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 57 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 690 895 converted to coordinate: lat 22.50362 long 58.64297 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 57 , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 57 « Habitation site » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 53 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 58 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 688 887 converted to coordinate: lat 22.49641 long 58.64094 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 58 , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 58 « Flint site » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 53 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 59 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 686 882 converted to coordinate: lat 22.49192 long 58.63894 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 59 , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 59 « Circular tombs, beehive tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 54 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 60 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 683 878 converted to coordinate: lat 22.48833 long 58.63599 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 60 , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 60 « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 54 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 61 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 682 871 converted to coordinate: lat 22.48202 long 58.63494 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 61 , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 61 « Cairn tombs, triliths » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 54 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 62 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 696 876 converted to coordinate: lat 22.4864 long 58.6486 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 62 , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 62 « Cairn tombs, beehive tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 54 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 63 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 686 843 converted to coordinate: lat 22.4567 long 58.63853 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 63 , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 63 « Flint site, graves » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 54 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 64a : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 671 831 converted to coordinate: lat 22.44601 long 58.62383 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 64a , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 64a « Flint sites » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 54 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 64b : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 673 820 converted to coordinate: lat 22.43606 long 58.62566 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 64b , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 64b « Flint sites » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 54 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 65a : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 625 853 converted to coordinate: lat 22.46632 long 58.57937 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 65a , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 65a « Cairn tombs, beehive tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 56 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 65b : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 626 871 converted to coordinate: lat 22.48257 long 58.58052 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 65b , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 65b « Cairn tombs, beehive tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 56 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J. Al Hammah 66 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 629 881 converted to coordinate: lat 22.49157 long 58.58354 VARIANT names: J. Al Hammah 66 , ※ SOURCE for J. Al Hammah 66 « Cairn tombs, beehive tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 56 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 J.al Ghanam Sasanian outpost : arch. site OMN UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 26.368849 long 56.356787 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ghubna Karban 1a , J.al Ghanam Sasanian outpost , ※ SOURCE for Ghubna Karban 1a #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.), new series ~#279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p.32 ※ SOURCE for J.al Ghanam Sasanian outpost « THE SETTLEMENT Tucked in a hollow between this cove and the main ridge lay the stone foundations of a number of rectangular buildings partially visible on the ground. Although closely crowded together, the houses had been laid out with care and were roughly aligned along the foreshore. One stretch of walling extending at an angle towards the sea suggested a jetty, and a narrow lane ran roughly parallel to it a little to the south. A semi-circular structure was located near the southern limits of the cove but without clearance it was not possible to say whether this should be identified as a large well or the remains of a tower built on the edge of the settlement. The buildings did not appear to have been enclosed within a curtain-wall though their density along the shore would have had much the same effect; in any case, the position of the settlement on an island surrounded by cliffs would have made such a precaution unnecessary. » #1042 de Cardi, Beatrice, A Sasanian Outpost in Northern Oman, Antiquity, London, 1972 46:184:305-10 ~ pp. 305-6 J1 Nakhl-i- Nakhoda : arch. site IRN UTM: 5621, 2712 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2 long 56.35 VARIANT names: J1 Nakhl-i- Nakhoda , ※ SOURCE for J1 Nakhl-i- Nakhoda « Other variants: Nakhl Nakhuda {| Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Nakhl Nakhuda, is identified as a village that now forms a suburb of Bandar Abbas. The location of this is given (Adamec, 1988: 327). No. of sherds: 24 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 J11 Suru : arch. site IRN UTM: 5614, 2710 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1666666666667 long 56.2333333333333 VARIANT names: J11 Suru , ※ SOURCE for J11 Suru « Other variants: none Details: See J10. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 J15 Bandar Abbas Shaghu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5622, 2714 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2333333333333 long 56.3666666666667 VARIANT names: J15 Bandar Abbas Shaghu , ※ SOURCE for J15 Bandar Abbas Shaghu « Other variants: Shaqu Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Shaqu, is marked but not listed (Adamec, iv.1988: Map Sheet 27-C). No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 J16 Esin : arch. site IRN UTM: 5617, 2719 converted to coordinate: lat 27.3166666666667 long 56.2833333333333 VARIANT names: J16 Esin , ※ SOURCE for J16 Esin « Other variants: Isin Details: The place name Isin is marked but not listed (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 5 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 J17 Esin : arch. site IRN UTM: 5617, 2719 converted to coordinate: lat 27.3166666666667 long 56.2833333333333 VARIANT names: J17 Esin , ※ SOURCE for J17 Esin « Other variants: See J16 Details: See J16 No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 J18 Esin : arch. site IRN UTM: 5617, 2719 converted to coordinate: lat 27.3166666666667 long 56.2833333333333 VARIANT names: J18 Esin , ※ SOURCE for J18 Esin « Other variants: See J16 Details: See J16 No. of sherds: 22 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 J19 Tepe Gachin : arch. site IRN UTM: 5552, 2708 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1333333333333 long 55.8666666666667 VARIANT names: J19 Tepe Gachin , ※ SOURCE for J19 Tepe Gachin « Other variants: T. Gachin Details: The location of Gachin is given by Adamec (1988: 143), but there is another smaller village, Gachin Zir, located two miles to the south (Adamec, 1988: 409). No. of sherds: 13 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 J2 [Nakhl-i- Nakhoda] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5621, 2712 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2 long 56.35 VARIANT names: J2 [Nakhl-i- Nakhoda] , ※ SOURCE for J2 [Nakhl-i- Nakhoda] « Other variants: See JI. Details: No toponym is available for J2, however the site code falls between J1 and J3-4 which all belong to Nakhl-i- Nakhoda. It is therefore likely that J2 belongs to the same group of sites. See J1. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 J20 Bandar Abbas : arch. site IRN UTM: 5617, 2712 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2 long 56.2833333333333 VARIANT names: J20 Bandar Abbas , ※ SOURCE for J20 Bandar Abbas « Other variants: none Details: The location of Bandar Abbas is marked (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 50 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 J3 Nakhl-i- Nakhoda : arch. site IRN UTM: 5621, 2712 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2 long 56.35 VARIANT names: J3 Nakhl-i- Nakhoda , ※ SOURCE for J3 Nakhl-i- Nakhoda « Other variants: See Jl Details: See J1. No. of sherds: 21 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 J4 Nakhl-i- Nakhoda : arch. site IRN UTM: 5621, 2712 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2 long 56.35 VARIANT names: J4 Nakhl-i- Nakhoda , ※ SOURCE for J4 Nakhl-i- Nakhoda « Other variants: See J1 Details: See J1. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Ja Dasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067351 coordinate: lat 28.8054 long 52.6359 NIMA/GNS names: Ja Dasht , Jaydasht , جایدشت , VARIANT names: Ja Dasht , Jarsht , ※ SOURCE for Jarsht « Jarsht » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 12 : Maymand} NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 30.9954954 long 49.4354166 VARIANT names: Ja Nishm , ※ SOURCE for Ja Nishm 49.4354166 30.9954954 14 « Ja Nishm b » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ Ja`afaru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067393 coordinate: lat 33.667124 long 56.304292 NIMA/GNS names: Ja`afaru , Ja`farabad , Ja`faran , Ja`fari , Ja`faru , جعفران , جعفری , VARIANT names: Ja`afaru , Yesday , ※ SOURCE for Yesday « The 27. day we went some 7. forsongs to a Towne called Yesday. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 52 Ja`farabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 228062 coordinate: lat 34.7895 long 50.5746 NIMA/GNS names: Ja`farabad , جعفر آباد , VARIANT names: Ja`farabad , Japherebode , ※ SOURCE for Japherebode « The 15th daye at night we came to Japherebode [Ja'farābād], haueing traveled 6 lges, » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 65 Ja`farabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 148080 coordinate: lat 29.52561149 long 52.58984366 NIMA/GNS names: Ja`farabad , Ja`farabad-e Now , جعفر آباد نو , VARIANT names: Ja`farabad , ※ SOURCE for Ja`farabad « Ja`farabad » in {map#1192 in #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ fig. Map showing road from Shiraz to Jashk sheet 1} Ja`farabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLF UFI: 12344101 coordinate: lat 29.286739 long 54.289807 NIMA/GNS names: Ja`farabad , جعفر آباد , VARIANT names: Ja`farabad , Jabal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6012958 coordinate: lat 32.75 long 52.416667 NIMA/GNS names: Jabal , جبل , VARIANT names: Jabal , Jabal al Harim : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -787208 coordinate: lat 25.97198 long 56.191388 NIMA/GNS names: Jabal al Harim , Jabal Harim , Jabal Harim , Jabal Harim , Jabal Harim , Shaam Peak , جبل حارم , جبل حارم , VARIANT names: Jabal al Harim , ※ SOURCE for Jabal al Harim « about 14 miles N of Jabal Qawah, is 2,057m high and has a small notch in its S part … 13.8 From offshore and N of Musandam, Jabal al Harim, with its tabletop, is visible over the other mountains. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ Jabal al Harim (Jabal ash Sham), a small table-topped peak pp. 274 and 276 Jabal Hamar : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: CLF UFI: -787139 coordinate: lat 16.901288 long 53.935478 NIMA/GNS names: Jabal Hamar , Jabal Hamar , Jabal Haymawr , جبل حمار , جبل حمر , VARIANT names: Jabal Hamar , ※ SOURCE for Jabal Hamar NIMA source Jabal Khayabir : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: -3107447 coordinate: lat 30.9 long 47.59 NIMA/GNS names: Jabal Khayabir , Jabal Khaybar , Jabal Khiyabarr , VARIANT names: Jabal Khayabir , Jabal Qarari : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: -788361 coordinate: lat 21.902033 long 59.464385 NIMA/GNS names: Jabal Qarari , VARIANT names: Haycock , Jabal Qarari , ※ SOURCE for Haycock « Haycock » is shown in {map#870 Chart of the North-East Coast of Arabia, Commander I P Sanders and Lieutenant Albany Moore Grieve, Indian Navy, 1854, British Library, India Office, IOR/X/3635/20} and again more detailed in {map#883 'Arabian Sea', Stafford Bettesworth Haines and I P Sanders, 1899, British Library, Ref: IOR/X/3828/1012}. ※ SOURCE for Jabal Qarari previously called « Haycock » it is now caled« Jabal Qarari » in {map#904 1:500,000 - World Series 1404, , Great Britain. War Office and Air Ministry, 1958, Al Masirah 563-C} Jabal Saih (176m) six miles SW of Jabal Qarari (294m) in {map#904 1:500,000 - World Series 1404, Great Britain. War Office and Air Ministry, 1958, masirah 563-c } « PALHEIROS, Os--Nome de que Couto usa para designar um local da costa árabe compreendida entre os ras ou cabos Jibsh (21° 27' lat. N. e 59° 20' long. E.) e Gumeila (21° 58' lat. N. e 59° 40' long. E.), se é que o não aplica a toda a dita costa. O nome português-os Palheiros-subsiste próximo do cabo Gumeila, no local que as cartas do Almirantado britânico denominam Haycock, em 21 56' lat. N. e 59° 27' long. E. [Diogo do Couto - Da Asia]. » [PALHEIROS, Os--Name Couto uses to designate a place on the Arabian coast between the ras or capes Jibsh (21° 27' lat. N. and 59° 20' long. E.) and Gumeila (21° 58' lat. N. and 59° 40' long. E.), if it does not apply to the entire said coast. The Portuguese name-the Palheiros-subsists near Cape Gumeila, in the place that the charts of the British Admiralty call Haycock, at 21 56' lat. N. and 59° 27' long. E. [Diogo do Couto - From Asia].] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~vol. O-Z, p. 19 Jabal Saffan : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -788622 coordinate: lat 22.417817 long 59.805275 NIMA/GNS names: Fanus , Jabal Saffan , Jabal Saffran , Jabal Sifan , VARIANT names: Jabal Saffan , Jibal Suffan , Jibel Shefannat , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Jabal Saffan FOR Didymi montes [Carter], ※ SOURCE for Jabal Saffan « A specific workshop for this kind of dagger is recorded at RJ-38 in the Jabal Saffan (Charpentier 1999). It is thus probable that the daggers of Ra3s Jibsh come from RJ-38 or from a similar workshop. These points are not very functional and should be considered as objects of prestige. » #2647 Vincent Charpentier, Jean-François Berger, Rémy Crassard, Marc Lacaze and Gourguen Davtian, Prehistory and palaeo-geography of the coastal fringes of the Wahiba Sands and Bar al-Hikman, Sultanate of Oman, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2012 ~ p. 65 ※ SOURCE for Jibal Suffan {map#870 Chart of the North-East Coast of Arabia, Commander I P Sanders and Lieutenant Albany Moore Grieve, Indian Navy, 1854, British Library, India Office, IOR/X/3635/20} shows North Peak and South Peak to Jibal Suffan. the following description by Owen has an easting of 58° 49' which would put it 100 kms to the west of Jabal Saffan. If it corrected to 59° 49' E. it would be matching. I believe this may be a typographical error. « Jibel Shefannat: highest cone, 22° 23.8' N., 58° 49' E. From Ras Jins, Jibel Shefannat rises from the shore. The obtuse cones of that mountain mark this extremity of Arabia Felix, and are good indications for Rasul Had from the North or South. » #2710 Capt. W. F. W. Owen, The Coast of Arabla Felix, — from the Journal of Capt. W. F. W. Owen, of H.M.S. "Leven.", in: , The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle, Simpkin, Marshall and Co., , no. 26 1857, pp. 180-191 ~ p. 185 ※ SOURCE for Jibel Shefannat {map#870 Chart of the North-East Coast of Arabia, Commander I P Sanders and Lieutenant Albany Moore Grieve, Indian Navy, 1854, British Library, India Office, IOR/X/3635/20} shows North Peak and South Peak to Jibal Suffan. the following description by Owen has an easting of 58° 49' which would put it 100 kms to the west of Jabal Saffan. If it corrected to 59° 49' E. it would be matching. I believe this may be a typographical error. « Jibel Shefannat: highest cone, 22° 23.8' N., 58° 49' E. From Ras Jins, Jibel Shefannat rises from the shore. The obtuse cones of that mountain mark this extremity of Arabia Felix, and are good indications for Rasul Had from the North or South. » #2710 Capt. W. F. W. Owen, The Coast of Arabla Felix, — from the Journal of Capt. W. F. W. Owen, of H.M.S. "Leven.", in: , The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle, Simpkin, Marshall and Co., , no. 26 1857, pp. 180-191 ~ p. 185 Jabal Saih : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -788756 coordinate: lat 21.85 long 59.433333 NIMA/GNS names: Jabal Saih , Jabal Sayh , Jabal Siyah , Jebel Seih , Jebel Siyah , VARIANT names: Jabal Saih , ※ SOURCE for Jabal Saih Jabal Saih (176m) six miles SW of Jabal Qarari (294m) in {map#904 1:500,000 - World Series 1404, Great Britain. War Office and Air Ministry, 1958, masirah 563-c } Jebel Seih, an oblong black hill several hundred feet high, bearing N.W. by W. ¼ W., distant 6 miles from Al-Ashkhara, with a haycock or conical hill a short distance north-east of it. Jebel Seih, when seen bearing W.N.W. forms a saddle hill, and is a good mark for making the place. » #2345 William James Lloyd Wharton, John Phillips, The Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Pilot: Containing Descriptions of the Suez Canal, the Gulfs of Suez, Printed for the Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, by Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1900 ~ ed. 3 1887 p. 154-5 Jabal Sayh : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -788756 coordinate: lat 21.85 long 59.433333 NIMA/GNS names: Jabal Saih , Jabal Sayh , Jabal Siyah , Jebel Seih , Jebel Siyah , VARIANT names: Jabal Sayh , Jebel Seih , Jibal Seyhab , ※ SOURCE for Jabal Sayh Jebel Seih, an oblong black hill several hundred feet high, bearing N.W. by W. ¼ W., distant 6 miles from Al-Ashkhara, with a haycock or conical hill a short distance north-east of it. Jebel Seih, when seen bearing W.N.W. forms a saddle hill, and is a good mark for making the place. » #2345 William James Lloyd Wharton, John Phillips, The Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Pilot: Containing Descriptions of the Suez Canal, the Gulfs of Suez, Printed for the Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, by Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1900 ~ ed. 3 1887 p. 154-5 ※ SOURCE for Jebel Seih Jebel Seih, an oblong black hill several hundred feet high, bearing N.W. by W. ¼ W., distant 6 miles from Al-Ashkhara, with a haycock or conical hill a short distance north-east of it. Jebel Seih, when seen bearing W.N.W. forms a saddle hill, and is a good mark for making the place. » #2345 William James Lloyd Wharton, John Phillips, The Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Pilot: Containing Descriptions of the Suez Canal, the Gulfs of Suez, Printed for the Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, by Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1900 ~ ed. 3 1887 p. 154-5 ※ SOURCE for Jibal Seyhab « Jibal Seyhab » is shown in {map#870 Chart of the North-East Coast of Arabia, Commander I P Sanders and Lieutenant Albany Moore Grieve, Indian Navy, 1854, British Library, India Office, IOR/X/3635/20} Jabal Shamm 10 : arch. site OMN UTM: DD328997 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2152857486316 long 56.3273001228435 VARIANT names: Jabal Shamm 10 , ※ SOURCE for Jabal Shamm 10 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 36 Jabal Siri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PK UFI: -3085884 coordinate: lat 27.783333 long 52.25 NIMA/GNS names: Jabal Siri , Kuh-e Marakheshteh , Kuh-i-Mara Khishti , Siri Ayanat , كوه مراخشته , VARIANT names: Barn Hill , Jabal Siri , Jibbel Serai , ※ SOURCE for Barn Hill « CONGOON, in lat. 27° 49' N., Ion. 52° 9' E., the northernmost town in the bay of this name, has good anchorage, in 5½ to 7 or 8 fathoms, stiff mud, and shelter from north-westers. Behind the town the land is high and remarkable; the summit of one of the hills appears like a barn, and is called Barn Hill, or Jibbel Serai; it is a guide in rounding Berdistan Shoal, and stands about 3½ leagues nearly E. by S. from the town. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1852, ~ vol. 1 p. 417 ※ SOURCE for Jibbel Serai « CONGOON, in lat. 27° 49' N., Ion. 52° 9' E., the northernmost town in the bay of this name, has good anchorage, in 5½ to 7 or 8 fathoms, stiff mud, and shelter from north-westers. Behind the town the land is high and remarkable; the summit of one of the hills appears like a barn, and is called Barn Hill, or Jibbel Serai; it is a guide in rounding Berdistan Shoal, and stands about 3½ leagues nearly E. by S. from the town. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1852, ~ vol. 1 p. 417 Jabala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RSVT UFI: -3195064 coordinate: lat 26.766667 long 54.266667 NIMA/GNS names: Berkeh-ye Jobala , Jabala , Jabaleh , بركۀ جبلا , جبل , جبله , VARIANT names: Jabala , Jadda-i-Atabak : arch. site IRN Supplement: approximate location based on description by R. Burn VARIANT names: Jadahi-A'tabeg , Jadda-i-Atabak , Road of the Amir , ※ SOURCE for Jadahi-A'tabeg « The place would be well worthy of examination, for the bridge of Jirzád must have been, according to all accounts, one of the most splendid buildings that the Sásánians have left in Persia; and a great road also was carried from this point, across the mountains to Isfahan, which still forms the only practicable line of communication for loaded mules between Shuster and that city. The road is now called the Jadahi-A'tábeg, and is supposed to have been formed by those princes; but I believe that they only repaired an ancient work. I recognise, in this line, the route which is described by Strabo, as conducting from Gabiana (the ancient name of the district of Isfahan) through Elymais to Su-siana; I believe that it was by the same road that Antiochus and Mithridates were enabled to penetrate to the fire-temples of Ely-mais; and indeed, from the stupendous character of the under-taking, and the immense labour that seems to have been bestowed on it, I am inclined to regard it as a work of the most remote antiquity. » #1766 Rawlinson, H. G., Notes on a March from Zoháb, at the Foot of Zagros, along the Mountains to Khúzistán (Susiana), and from Thence Through the Province of Luristan to Kirmánsháh, in the Year 1836, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1839, 9:26-116 ~ p. 83 « The road leads diagonally across the Mälämir valley eastward for three miles where it rounds a spur of the Mangasht Mountains, known as the Käh-i-Ishgil and then turns south-east and ascends a practically level valley reaching the foot of the Gardan-i-Sarrak (2,900') at 6½ miles. The ascent up to the gardan is stony but gradual up a series of zigzags which are most numerous in the lower portion and entails a 40 minutes climb (G. S. 131). The road in early times has been paved up to the summit (4,050') with large cobble stones which are still firmly cemented in. ... At 10 miles the descent of the Gardan-i-Sultani commences in a direction east-north-east. Angle of descent easy (G. S. 6°). The foot is reached at 3,200' after 45 minutes. The road surface of the Rah-i-Sultani is paved with large cobble stones, which in course of time have got polished like marble and are very slippery» #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 52-53 [assumed. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Jadda-i-Atabak « there being a ruined fort called the Qil'a-i-Madar-i-Shah, the usual halting place at the junction. We marched along the north-west gorge seeing numbers of partridges in the ravines running down to it. After a mile or two we turned west and came upon the wonderful causeway called the Jadda-i-Atabak, about which so much controversy has taken place. (2) It is about 10' wide, composed of large stones 8" to 9" in diameter, put to-gether so as to form a kind of large stair, each step being about 12' to 15' long and 6" to a foot high. In the course of time the stones have become rounded and very slippery, and an ordinary track is preferable, but the work is one that excites admiration. At the top we came on a perfectly open tree-less plain, the forest ending here. At the end of the plain was a steep descent of about 1,000' over the remains of the causeway, and a succession of zig-zags of loose gravel. The view over the plain of Mal Amir was very fine with the large lake Shat Band in the north-west corner. From the foot Mal Amir itself is 6 or 7 miles, but the road is perfectly level, and in spring the view must be lovely. » #3563 Burn, R., The Bakhtiari Hills, an Itinerary of the road from Isfahan to Shustar, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 1897 vol. LXVI:pp 170-9 ~ pp. 176-7 ※ SOURCE for Road of the Amir « The ascent of the ridge occupied nearly an hour: at parts we followed a tortuous path among the boulders, but we often availed ourselves of the gentler terraces of the paved causeway called "Road of the Amir." The summit of the ridge is rounded; altitude 3590 feet. ... A short ride brought us to a cleft in the chain: thence a long and a precipitous descent leads to a narrow valley. In portions this descent is made easy by the remains of the old paved causeway. Altitude of the valley 2820 feet. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 549 jade advieh (stone road) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.418847 long 53.569174 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: jade advieh (stone road) , Tang Pele-i , ※ SOURCE for jade advieh (stone road) online reference link [accessed 11 Aug 2024] ※ SOURCE for Tang Pele-i « One of the routes that ended from Qa to Jahrom passed through a narrow passage that is now known as Tang Pele-i. It passed through ten kilometers of this route, passing through mountains and valleys, and its protection was very important. ... Image 10 of the ancient route of Fasa - Jahrom, the stepped section » #3365 Majid Mansouri, Archaeological Survey of the Kordian District, Jahrom, Fars, Iran (In Persian), Payam Baratshenas Magazine, 2015 yr.12:issue 23: ~ p. 83 Jafari Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.259309 long 53.599282 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Jafari Castle , ※ SOURCE for Jafari Castle online reference link [accessed 31 Oct 2024] Jahanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067466 coordinate: lat 29.45141 long 53.433975 NIMA/GNS names: Divdan , Jahanabad , Jahanabad-e Divdan , Mohammadabad , جهان آباد , دیودان , محمد آباد , VARIANT names: Djahanabad , Jahanabad , ※ SOURCE for Djahanabad « In der Entfernung von 25 km liegt der Ort Djahanabad. Er ist offenbar um die Keim- zelle eines Karawansarais herum erbaut. Dieser Bau bestand aus einem äußeren Ge- viert aus einzelnen Räumen, die sich zu einer Galerie hin öffneten, die sich um den Mittelhof legt. Da alle Räume und der Gang mit Häcksel und Korn gefüllt waren und die Außenmauern als Rückseite angrenzender Häuser dienten, konnte ich dieses Kara- wansarai nicht aufmessen.Nach 14 km erreicht man den Ort Kharame. [The town of Djahanabad is 25 km away. It is evidently built around the nucleus of a caravanserai. This building consisted of an outer square made up of individual rooms that opened onto a gallery that surrounds the central courtyard. Since all the rooms and the corridor were filled with chaff and grain and the outer walls served as the back of adjacent houses, I was unable to measure this caravanserai.After 14 km you reach the town of Kharame.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 197 Jahra castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.231225 long 53.191557 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Jahra castle , Jahreh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067521 coordinate: lat 28.243281 long 53.171178 NIMA/GNS names: Jahleh , Jahreh , جهره , جهله , VARIANT names: Jahreh , Jahreh (abandoned) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10391243 coordinate: lat 28.241 long 53.1911 NIMA/GNS names: Jahreh , جهره , VARIANT names: Jahreh (abandoned) , Jahrom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067522 coordinate: lat 28.5 long 53.5605 NIMA/GNS names: Do , Jahrom , Jahrum , جهرم , دو , VARIANT names: Dgiaroun , Djahrom , Djahroum , Djarom , Djaroûn , Djarroun , Djarum (Djabrom) , Gaarrom , Gahram , Gahrum , Gearon , Gerom , Giron , Gowaym , Guwaim , Isharum , Jaharan , Jahrom , Jahrum , Jaram , Jaraon , Jaron , Jaroon , Jaroone , Jarron , Jehram , Jehrum , Jowaym , Scharim , Sharon , Stadt Sharon , ※ SOURCE for Dgiaroun « we arrived at a large Kervanʃeray, which is about an hundred paces from a little Town called Dgiaroun, and is hardly worth a good Village; however there is a fair Bazar in it. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 128 ※ SOURCE for Djahrom « Eine neuere Route führt heute von Benaru über Djuyom und Mansurabad nördlich des Kuh-e Alburs durch die Tang-e Kulin und Tang-e Khatiz nach Djahrom. [A newer route today leads from Benaru via Djuyom and Mansurabad north of the Kuh-e Albur through the Tang-e Kulin and Tang-e Khatiz to Djahrom.] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lae-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 296 « Djahrom » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} « Djahrom, welches man über die nördliche der beiden möglichen Routen bei km 210 erreicht, ist heute noch wie in safavidischer Zeit für seine Dattelproduktion berühmt, vom alten Kern der Stadt und besonders von den Kara- vanserails hat sich allerdings bis heute nichts erhalten. Besonders bedauerlich ist das Ver- schwinden des alten Basars von Djahrom, der nach Orta Rebelo genauso schön und groß wie der Basar von Lar gewesen sein soll. Dabei muß noch 1850 eine ganze Anzahl von Kara- vanserails in Djahrom existiert haben, Abbott nennt nicht weniger als sechs Stück für dieses Jahr, Kaempfer nennt ein großes Karavan- serail Shah Hossein", ebenso erwähnen Taver- nier, Chardin und Dupré mehrere Kara- vanserails in Djahrom, wobei auffällt, daß fast alle Reisenden darauf hinweisen, daß sich diese Bauten ein wenig westlich und aufßerhalb der eigentlichen Siedlung befinden. [Djahrom, which can be reached via the northern of the two possible routes at km 210, is still famous for its date production today, as it was in Safavid times, but nothing of the old core of the city and especially of the caravanserails has survived to this day. The disappearance of the old bazaar of Djahrom, which according to Orta Rebelo was just as beautiful and large as the bazaar of Lar, is particularly regrettable. In 1850, a large number of caravanserails must have existed in Djahrom; Abbott mentions no fewer than six for that year, Kaempfer mentions a large caravanserail "Shah Hossein", and Tavernier, Chardin and Dupré also mention several caravanserails in Djahrom, and it is striking that almost all travelers point out that these buildings are located a little to the west and outside the actual settlement.] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lae-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 297 ※ SOURCE for Djahroum « Je partis de Mouchek le vingt-et-unième de mars à deux heures du matin, et ayant marché jusqu'à huit par un pays plat et pierreux, j'arrivai à la petite ville de Djahroum, [I left Mouchek on the twenty-first of March at two o'clock in the morning, and having walked until eight through a flat and stony country, I arrived at the small town of Djahroum,] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 315 ※ SOURCE for Djarom « Djarom » in {map#1132 Abb. 1 Karte von Iranmit Eintragung der Routen und Karawanenbauten, , , #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~} ※ SOURCE for Djaroûn « En tournant une montagne à droite, on découvre une forêt de palmiers, au milieu de laquelle est bâtie la ville de Djaroûn. Sur la pente de ce / mont est le tombeau d'un imam appelé Kha- demga. Plus loin nous laissons sur la gauche un grand caravansérail, à côté duquel est une vaste citerne, et le mausolée d'un autre saint / musulman nommé Cháh - Zadè - Hussein. Avant d'entrer dans la ville, on passe auprès de deux arches en briques, qui servent de digue contre le débordement des eaux. ... Elle avait éprouvé, dans la jour- née du 23 février, plusieurs secousses qui fi- nirent par l'écroulement de diverses maisons. La population peut être de quatre mille habi- tans, parmi lesquels on compte trente familles juives. Il y a quatre caravansérails et un petit bazard qui renferme une vingtaine de 'boutiques. [Turning a mountain to the right, we discover a forest of palm trees, in the middle of which is built the city of Djaroûn. On the slope of this / mountain is the tomb of an imam called Kha-demga. Further on we leave on the left a large caravanserai, next to which is a vast cistern, and the mausoleum of another / Muslim saint named Cháh - Zadè - Hussein. Before entering the city, we pass by two brick arches, which serve as a dike against the overflow of water. ... It had experienced, during the day of February 23, several tremors which ended with the collapse of various houses. The population may be four thousand inhabitants, among whom there are thirty Jewish families. There are four caravanserais and a small bazaar which contains about twenty shops.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 452 ※ SOURCE for Djarroun « et, un farsang après, Djarroun, petite ville avec un bazar et deux caravansérails, l'un en bon état, mais où il n'y avait pas de place, et l'autre en ruine, où il fallut cependant bien nous fourrer dans un coin, [and, a farsang later, Djarroun, a small town with a bazaar and two caravanserais, one in good condition, but where there was no room, and the other in ruins, where we nevertheless had to be stuffed into a corner,] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 523 ※ SOURCE for Djarum (Djabrom) « den 12. Dez. gereist zu dem berühmten Tamerfleck (Tamar oder Tamr ist die Dattelpalme) Djarum (Djabrom) 6 Farsach. [December 12th traveled to the famous Tamerfleck (Tamar or Tamr is the date palm) Djarum (Djabrom) 6 Farsach.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 114 ※ SOURCE for Gaarrom « The first of September in the morning, wee came to a Citie, called Gaarrom: and the same day, to a Casal, called Demonder, where standeth an high Columne alone. About Gaarrom is great store of Rice and Cotton wooll growing. And here the Sheepe have Lambs twice every yeere. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 461 ※ SOURCE for Gahram « Gahram VI C4 Gahrum Iran CIte de la cIrconscnptIOn (kura) d' Ardasir Hurra 107, 134, 135, 139, 153, H 263,268,286,299 Hur 46, F 203 ' - Yaq II, 167, LS 254, Schw 103, DKI 173 »#2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 49 « Gahram (3) mit gleichnamiger Stadt (4), heute Jahrum. Von der Stadt selbst wird nichts berichtet, von den Einwohnern rühmt Ibn Haukal Wohlstand) und Istahri erzählt, daß sie vorwiegend der mutalizitischen Sekte angehörten). fn. 3) Hord. 46, 7; Fak. 203, 4 (at Idrisi, Janbert 391, Gühram!). fn. 4) Is 107, 5. 4 [Gahram (3) with the town of the same name (4), today Jahrum. Nothing is reported about the town itself, Ibn Haukal praises the inhabitants as being wealthy) and Istahri reports that they mainly belonged to the Mutalizite sect). fn. 3) Hord. 46, 7; Fak. 203, 4 (at Idrisi, Janbert 391, Gühram!). fn. 4) Is 107, 5. 4] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 103 ※ SOURCE for Gahrum « Gahram VI C4 Gahrum Iran CIte de la cIrconscnptIOn (kura) d' Ardasir Hurra 107, 134, 135, 139, 153, H 263,268,286,299 Hur 46, F 203 ' - Yaq II, 167, LS 254, Schw 103, DKI 173 »#2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 49 ※ SOURCE for Gearon « Il Sabato 25.partimmo a mezzodi per una comoda ſtrada; e dopo 10. ore fatte 30. miglia, per le quali paſſammo alcuni piccioli ruſcelli, giugnemmo nella Città di Gearon. Queſta Città ha più toſto ſembianza di foreſta, perche le fue cafe ſono ſparſe tra folti alberi di palme, che apportano non poca rendita coloro dat- tili, che ſono de' migliori della Perfia. [On Saturday the 25th we left at midday by a convenient route; and after 10 hours, having traveled 30 miles, over which we crossed some small streams, we reached the City of Gearon. This city has more of the appearance of a forest, because the trees are scattered among thick palm trees, which bring no small income from the palm trees, which are among the best in Persia.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p.267 ※ SOURCE for Gerom « for which, when we had traveil’d One and twenty Miles, we found at Gerom (1) a ready Medicine of the Butter of the Seed of Gourds made into an Ointment, which appeased the Inflammation by its cooling Virtue, and immediately asswaged' the Pain by Basting our selves herewith, being half Roasted. We refreshed our selves one entire Day at Geroniy where a small White Grape, without any Stone, was an excellent Cordial; fn. 1 Jahrum : the larrown of Herbert (129). "The little city of Jarron, which is rather to be called a Forrest of Palm-trees" (Tavernier, 252). The road is dangerous : "the steep mountain of Jarra, which is very high and very long : but the descent is the most dangerous that ever I saw in all my Travels" {Ibid. 252). Hedges {Diary, i, 206) speaks of "divers steep scraged Hills." The other route is also difficult (Wilson, 162). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 202 ※ SOURCE for Giron « barely got out of the way of the horses. When the mountains ended, I rested a little by a cistern, and after another one and a half hours I arrived at the caravanserai where they were. This was not a nice one, and it was located a pistol shot away from the city of Jahrom. (23)On the morning of the 16th I entered the city. It is located in a rather beautiful plain. fn. 23. Jahrom (Bembo's "Giron") was a major center of textile production. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 296 ※ SOURCE for Gowaym « Gowaym - Attestations: The mint signature GW/GWDMY is thought to be representative of the town of Gowaym in Fars (40). Although the location of the mint with this signature in Fars has been confirmed through die linkages, the question of its identification with Gowaym has not yet been proven. On the other hand, two localities with this name are located in Fars, one in Ardashir Khurrah, northeast of Shiraz, which is called Guyom today, and the other one in Darabgerd, now referred to as Jowaym. However, based upon its importance in the early Islamic period, as well as its location along the major caravan routes, Mochiri has suggested that the Jowaym of Darabgerd was the mint town with the GW signature (41).- Identification: The modern town of Jowaym (Jowaym of Darabgerd Khurrah) is located 69 km southeast of Jahrom (42). Remains of a Sasanian fire temple, pointing to the existence of a Sasanian settlement in this area, are located about 40-50 km from Jowaymnear the village of Fishur (43). fn. 40 Mochiri, 1996: 71-2 fn. 41 Schindel, 2004: 159 fn. 42 Le Strange, 1912: 880 fn. 43 Schipmann, 1971: 94 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 13 ※ SOURCE for Guwaim « Die Straße von Däräbegird nach Siräf führte über Guwaim ²). fn. 2) Muk. 454, 6. [The road from Däräbegird to Siräf led via Guwaim²). fn. 2) Muk. 454, 6.] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 103 ※ SOURCE for Isharum « Isharum ist eine feine Stadt und Nahrs haffter Orth: deren Innwohner Behau funge seynd fast alle viereckig erbauet von denen in der Sonnenhik gebackenen Steis nen/ haben durchaus ihre Altanen: Jes de zu vier Seiten aufgeführte Mauer hat ein einziges Dach Loch [Isharum is a fine city and a peaceful place: the dwellings of the inhabitants are almost all built square from stones baked in the sun, and have their own balconies: each wall built on four sides has a single roof hole.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ pp. 263-4 « SCHILLINGER (1700) | Isharum LEBRUN (1705) | Jaron WILSON (1908) | Jahrum » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ table p. 14 ※ SOURCE for Jaharan « Les mêmes renseignements avaient apparemment été donnés aussi à Colvill, cet auteur écrivant à ce sujet:De Taherie il y a une très bonne route par la plaine de Gillodar (Gallehdar) menant à Chiraz en passant par le village de Jaharan (Djahrom). Une caravane met 8 ou 9 jours. [The same information had apparently been given to Colvill as well, this author writing on this subject:From Taherie there is a very good road through the plain of Gillodar (Gallehdar) leading to Shiraz by way of the village of Jaharan (Djahrom). A caravan takes 8 or 9 days.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 239 ※ SOURCE for Jahrum « Jahrum » in {map#1182 1000k Maps of South Asia, Survey of India in the India and Adjacent Countries series, Sheet No 010 Persia Arabia and Turkey (1915)} ※ SOURCE for Jaram « Partis au lever du jour //, nous y parvinmes bientôt. II y fait très frais. Il a donné son nom de Jaram à la montagne voisine. [Leaving at daybreak //, we soon reached there. It's very cool there. He gave his name Jaram to the neighboring mountain.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 113 ※ SOURCE for Jaraon « Desen wegh met backsteenen en keyen als ge- vloert ten eynde, ende 't dorp Jaraon (2)fn. 2 Djahrüm. De reeds aangehaalde reizigers zijn eenstemmig in hun lof omtrent dit stadje, welks huizen (Chardin telde er 350, Dupré be- groot het getal inwoners op 4000) ... [This road with backstones and keys as if laid at the end, and the village of Jaraon (2) fn. 2 Jahrum. The travelers already mentioned are unanimous in their praise of this town, whose houses (Chardin counted 350, Dupré estimated the population at 4000) ...] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 65 ※ SOURCE for Jaron « Le dix-neuvième, nous en partimes far le foir, pour nous rendre à Jaron, qui n'en eſt qu'à une lieuë,nous y arrivámes à 9. heures,allâmes à un Caravanserai proche de la ville, où nous trouvames un bon puits, couvert d'une eſpece de dôme de pierre. [On the nineteenth, we left at night to go to Jaron, which is only a league away. We arrived there at 9 o'clock, went to a Caravanserai near the town, where we found a good well, covered with a kind of stone dome.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ pp. 313-4 « Den 23. dito na 5 mylen in de Karrawaanfera.Den 24.dito na 5 mylen ruym in Jarôn. Mogag-zoekte. [The 23rd said on the 5th of March in Karrawaanfera.The 24th said on the 5th of March in Jarôn. Mogag-zoekte.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Jaroon « Drie broeders, van den Hertog van Lhaar, die te Jaroon woonden, quamien zyn Ed: wel een halve myl van die plaats inhaalen geleidden zyn Ed tot het Moors Tempeltje Sjaſada Hoſſein, en beſchonken hem net eenige, mondkoit. [Three brothers of the Duke of Lhaar, who lived at Jaroon, came to overtake his son: about half a mile from that place, they led his son to the Moorish temple of Shazada Hozain, and gave him some drink.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 274 ※ SOURCE for Jaroone « Att 4 In the Evening the 24th Sett out for Jaroone, 5 farsangs: the first two farsangs bad stoney way till you come to a small caravensaroy with a tanck of water before it; the other 3 farsangs good smooth way. Jaroone is a large pleasant town full of Date trees; good caravensaroy, may have all things needfull for travellers. Diary of 24 February 1707/8. Jaroone. Jahrûm. The Dgiarum of Thévenot (pp. 128-9), the Jarron of Tavernier (p. 252), the Gerom of Fryer (II, 202), the Scharim of Struys (p. 342) and the Jarroon of Hedges (p. 206). Thévenot remarks on the "large Karvanseray" and the town "on all hands encompassed with gardens full of palm-trees, which there are so numerous and grow so near one another, that they make a great forrest." Struys says of "Scharim" that it stood in the middle of a grove "altogether of date-trees," and was "a town of consider- able traffic in cotton goods, "there being very many weavers." Hedges also found that "Jarroon affords plenty of all things for the use of a traveller in these parts." Le Bruyn who stayed at Jahrûm two days in 1705 (II, 66), has an illustration of the city, "which is very mean and looks more like a village, the houses being all built of earth, and separate from one another. I saw two or three poor little mosques, in which they were performing service. As this city is full of palm-trees, it looks at a distance like a wood. This, of all the trees in that country, is what is esteemed most, both for its beauty and the goodness of the fruit, which is the best in all Persia." » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 42 and 48 ※ SOURCE for Jarron « Le 28, je fis cinq lieues, la route étant, partie par des sentiers fort rudes, partie par un pays plain et uni, le long duquel on trouve plusieurs canaux profonds, et des ponts de pierre, pour passer des ruisseaux qui, dans l'hiver et au printemps, se grossissent si fort qu'on les prendroit pour des rivières. Ma traite se termina à Jarron, petite ville de trois cent cinquante maisons, [On the 28th, I traveled five leagues, the route being, part by very rough paths, part by a plain and level country, along which we find several deep canals, and stone bridges, to cross streams which, in the In winter and spring, they swell so much that they were mistaken for rivers. My trade ended in Jarron, a small town of three hundred and fifty houses,] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 464-5 ※ SOURCE for Jehram « MOGU BAY to SHIRAZ 12. JEHRAM | 180 | 219Six hours. The road is stony with some passes over hill ridges. Water is obtained from a spring led by a kanát or underground tunnel. Camp in an open desert near the village. All ordinary supplies of life obtainable. » #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 389 ※ SOURCE for Jehrum « JEHRUM, vide JAHRUM. » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 p. 460 ※ SOURCE for Jowaym « Identification: The modern town of Jowaym (Jowaym of Darabgerd Khurrah) is located69 km southeast of Jahrom (42). Remains of a Sasanian fire temple, pointing to theexistence of a Sasanian settlement in this area, are located about 40-50 km from Jowaymnear the village of Fishur (43). fn. 42 Le Strange, 1912: 880 fn. 43 Schipmann, 1971: 94 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 13 ※ SOURCE for Scharim « Struys called Jahrom a small town, without walls, located in a date grove. The town’s trade consisted of cotton textiles and there were many weavers. The bazaar was quite pleasant, where all kinds of Indian and Persian goods were for sale, while twice a week there was a market when farmers from the neighboring villages came to town. (92) fn. 92. Winninx, 18 July (Sjaron); Thevenot 1971, vol. 2, pp. 128-29 (Dgiaroun); Kaempfer 1968, p. 115 (Djarum); Valentijn 1726, vol. 5, p. 263 (Sjaron); Herbert 1929, p. 65 (Goyoom); Strauszens 1678, p. 193 (Scharim); KA 1793, f. 994 (Jharoen); Tavernier 1930, p. 315 (Djahroum); Chardin 1811, vol. 8, pp. 465-66 (Harron) and plate LXXVII with a map of the caravanserai of Jahrum; » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 273 « On the 6th of December we arrived / and in the afternoon we met a fellow named Stedelten/or Olek/Scharim/laying without any Red Light Districts/in the middle of a date forest. The trade of this Stebeken/and the few inhabitants of Handteeringe/contains most of the fabrics/being a star of Weavers there. It has a beautiful Bafar, or Markt, where one finds statues of merchandise with Indian and Persian handicrafts/fabrics/and precious items, except that there is a large influx of the passing Borren twice here. I stayed here for three hectic days / for us / and ours » #3243 Jan Janszoon Struys, Drie aanmerkelijke en seer rampspoedige Reysen, Meurs, 1677 ~ p. 356 ※ SOURCE for Sharon « Hier staan eenige huizen by, voorts is het al te maal klippig gebergte. Wy quamen in een plaats genaamd Sjaron, een vermakelyk geweit, vol dadelboomen, hebbende een zeer groote Karrawaniera; ook heb ik 'er op de geheele reize geen grooter gezien, als mede een groote Tank en water-put. Hier heeft men veel begraafplaatzen van groote Heeren. [There are a few houses here, furthermore it is a very rocky mountain range. We came to a place called Sjaron, a pleasant area full of date trees, having a very large Karrawaniera; nor have I seen a larger one during the entire journey, as well as a large tank and water well. There are many cemeteries of great lords here.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 264 ※ SOURCE for Stadt Sharon « 18 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 Jahrom Bazaar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.501562 long 53.553483 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Jahrom Bazaar , ※ SOURCE for Jahrom Bazaar « The Jahrom Bazaar is one of the historical buildings dating back to the end of Zand and the early Qajar eras. It is located in the center of the old city of Jahrom, near the Jama Mosque. The bazaar was built by Hajj Mohammad Hasan Khan Jahromi, the ruler of Jahrom (d. 1256 AH). It consists of two northern-southern and eastern-western halls. ... Three caravanserais have been built around the bazaar, which are considered part of the bazaar complex. One of these caravanserais is located in the southwest of the bazaar and is now used as a car parking. The Golshan Caravanserai is located in the southwest of the bazaar, and the Lari Caravanserai is built in the northwest of the bazaar. » online reference link [accessed 08 Apr 2024] Ja'in : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067524 coordinate: lat 28.1701 long 56.0279 NIMA/GNS names: Ja'in , جائين , VARIANT names: Ja'in , Jalabi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067610 coordinate: lat 27.3586 long 56.686765 NIMA/GNS names: Jala' , Jalabi , Jallabi , Jullab , Mahmud Kalahi , جلاء , جلابی , محمود کلاهی , VARIANT names: Jalabi , Jalalabad : place AFG NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3377673 coordinate: lat 34.4302778 long 70.4527778 NIMA/GNS names: Djelalabad , Jalakot , Jalalabad , Jalalkoat , Jalalkot , Jalal-Kut , Jelalabad , Tarun City , VARIANT names: Jalalabad , Jellalabad , Nikaia , ※ SOURCE for Jellalabad We then proceeded on a bearing of 295°, passing, 14 mile farther on, the village Jellalabad. ※ SOURCE for Nikaia Nikaia (Jalalabad) Afghanistan. Founded in 327 at or near Jalalabad. BIBLIOGRAPHY Arr. 5.19.4; Justin 12.8.8; Woodcock, Greeks in India 31, 111; Sykes, History of Persia 270. The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites Edited by: Richard Stillwell Jalalabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 11795931 coordinate: lat 29.380923 long 55.733728 NIMA/GNS names: Jalalabad , جلال آباد , VARIANT names: Jalalabad , Jaleyan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067594 coordinate: lat 28.87815 long 53.88128 NIMA/GNS names: Jaleyan , Jalian , Jalyan , Jelian , جلیان , VARIANT names: Gilian , Jaleyan , Jelyan , ※ SOURCE for Gilian « On February ist I was glad to leave Naubandagan for Gilian, a walled village surrounded by pleasant orchards some 5 miles farther up the stream. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 160 ※ SOURCE for Jelyan « February 5th.-Left at 9-35 ?.?. For 34 miles the road contin- ued along the plain up to the village of Jelyán, which was passed on the right hand. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 6 Jam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067617 coordinate: lat 27.828167 long 52.325358 NIMA/GNS names: Jam , Jam-e Jam , Jamm , Velayat , جام جم , جم , ولایت , VARIANT names: Azam , Djam , Gamm , Gemm , Jam , Jamm , ※ SOURCE for Azam see source « Jamm » ※ SOURCE for Djam « Djam » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} « Djam » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} ※ SOURCE for Gamm « Gamm VI C5 Gam Iran, Locahte a une etape de Siraf sur la route de Gur, I 106, H 267, 281, Muq 52, 423, 454, LS 258, Schw 64 »#2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 49 ※ SOURCE for Gemm « Gegend von Jam (etwa südöstlich davon) fallen. Mukaddasi führt 1 Tagereise von Kirend zum Halteplatz Barzara, von dort 1 Tag bis Gemm (1) und einen weiteren Tag bis Sirāf. fn. 1 Vgl. oben (II) S. 64. [area of ??Jam (approximately southeast of it). Mukaddasi is a one-day journey from Kirend to the Barzara stopping place, from there one day to Gemm (1) and another day to Sirāf. fn. 1 See above (II) p. 64.] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 196 ※ SOURCE for Jam « Ibn Haukal's ancient geography, 10th Century, translated by Sir W. Ouseley, states that Siraf is on the coast of Fars, and that fruits, etc., were brought to it from a mountain on the E. of the city called Jam. The mention of Jam in this connection, the fact that to this day caravans of fruit are constantly passing down the passes from Jam to Tahiri in the season, and the numerous ruins of very old sarais, and traces of an ancient made road prove clearly that the Tahiri is identical with Siräf.Communications. Two execrable tracks lead from Tahiri to the interior-to Jam and Galehdár: one via Püzeh Padri, a hill so named from the village of Padri at its foot, and one via Kal-i-Chashmeh to the E. of the port; the first named is in common use and is the easier of the two, though both alike are difficult for any animals but donkeys. » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 290 ※ SOURCE for Jamm « L'émir Abū Dulaf, dont Wassaf vante la distinction et la générosité, régnait sur "tous les Garmsirät, le Irähistan et les Côtes (sawāhil), de la plaine (saprā) de Kunduran à Lär, ... Je corrige en Zam le "R.m" de la litho- graphie de Bombay; c'est évidemment le nom indigène dont la forme arabisée est Jamm; il est dans Yaqut sous la forme Azam (Mu'jam al-buldan, I, p. 233). [The Emir Abū Dulaf, whose distinction and generosity Wassaf praises, reigned over "all Garmsirät, Irähistan and the Coasts (sawāhil), from the plain (saprā) of Kunduran to Lär, ... I correct the "R.m" of the Bombay lithograph to Zam; it is obviously the native name whose Arabized form is Jamm; it is in Yaqut under the form Azam (Mu'jam al-buldan, I, p. 233).] » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ p. 23-4 Jamileh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3760648 coordinate: lat 29.383135 long 51.520943 NIMA/GNS names: Jamileh , Jamileh-ye Pa'in , جميله , جمیله پایین , VARIANT names: Jamileh , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Jamileh FOR Rawa-adh-Dhiwan [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Jamileh « Ghundijān (1). This commonly is known as Dasht Bārin. It is a small town of the hot region, with one small spring, the water of its wells being brackish. The crops depend on the rains. The people here are for the most part shoemakers and weavers: though some few persons of eminence have indeed come from here. fn. 1 No town of Ghundijān now exists, but from its position as given in the Itinerary modern Jamilah probably occupies its site. » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 128 Jamrak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067683 coordinate: lat 27.958497 long 51.872308 NIMA/GNS names: Jamrak , Jamrak-e Shomali , Janarak , جمرك , جمرک شمالی , جنارك , VARIANT names: Jamrak , Jumrak , ※ SOURCE for Jumrak « Jumrak » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Janah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068058 coordinate: lat 27.020158 long 54.283977 NIMA/GNS names: Chaleh , Chaleh , Faramarzan , Janah , Janna , Jenah , Jonah , جن , جناح , جناح , چاله , چاله , فرامرزان , VARIANT names: Janah , Jena , ※ SOURCE for Jena « In two days we descended on to a plain and arrived at Jena, containing about 800 houses, and situated on a plain 1300 feet above the sea. I was met some miles from the town by the Khan of Bastak's servants, bringing with them their master's horse richly caparisoned with silver ornaments. » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 24 Jandak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067697 coordinate: lat 27.172756 long 53.788762 NIMA/GNS names: Jandak , Jundak , VARIANT names: Jandak , Jundak , ※ SOURCE for Jundak « Jundak » in {map#1317 GSGS 4340 SOUTHERN ASIA 1:2 000 000 SOUTH IRAN, War Office, London, 1945, } Jandak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067698 coordinate: lat 34.03863 long 54.414309 NIMA/GNS names: Djandak , Jandak , Jandaq , Jondaq , جندق , VARIANT names: Jandak , Jangi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3067724 coordinate: lat 29.483333 long 59.716667 NIMA/GNS names: Jangi , Jangi , VARIANT names: Jangi , Jangoi Caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.197868 long 55.709518 Supplement: see also Karavanserail Djungwin VARIANT names: caravanserai Guni Godsji Mahmed , Jangoi Caravanserai , Janguif , Jungui , Jungui , Madi , ※ SOURCE for caravanserai Guni Godsji Mahmed «Durch eine gleichförmige Wüste 2½ Meilen nach Madi und der Karawanserei Guni Godsji Mahmed (Gun-e Chadjä Mohammad) durch Bârik, dann 1 Farsach zum Flusse Kur OSO. [Through a uniform desert 2½ miles to Madi and the caravanserai Guni Godsji Mahmed (Gun-e Chadjä Mohammad) through Bârik, then 1 farsach to the Kur river ESE.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 124 ※ SOURCE for Jangoi Caravanserai Jangoi Caravanserai in google maps« کاروانسرای جنگوی » « از گچین بالا حرکت کرده به جنگوئی روند مسافت دو فرسخ است. به جنگوئی نرسیده لاتیدان است. چند کاروانسرا و دو بر که دارد گاهی قافله در لاتیدان توقف مینماید بین لاتیدان و جنگوئی رودخانه ای هست. آب آن شور است و به رودخانه كل موسوم است. در جنگوئی يك كاروانسرا و دو برکه و چند خانه وجود دارد. آنجا برای شش روز باید آذوقه با خود بردارند از گچین تا به جنگوئی راه صاف است. [From Gachin, the distance to Jangoi is two miles. It is Latidan who has not reached Jangoi. There are several caravanserais and two bars, sometimes the caravan stops in Latidan. There is a river between Latidan and Jangoi. Its water is salty and it is known as Kol River. In Jangoi, there is a caravanserai, two ponds and several houses. There, they should take food with them for six days. From Gachin to Jangoi, the road is smooth.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ fifth section p. 579 « From river, track proceeds over hard, scrub dotted plain to Jangüif cisterns. These are two in number, water in each being sweet. Also a caravansarai in fair repair.To S. at a distance of 300 yards to 400 yards is a date grove and behind this another cistern with sweet water. Depth of water in each cistern 2 feet. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 187 ※ SOURCE for Janguif « « At 3 miles the date groves and two cisterns (dry in March 1907) of Baraimi are passed. At 4½ miles the ruined caravanserai and two cisterns of Janguif are passed (dry in March 1907). At » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 29 » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 164 « At 4¼ miles the ruined caravanserai and two cisterns of Janguif are passed (dry in March 1907). » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 29 ※ SOURCE for Jungui « At 12 miles 1 furlong we pass a caravanserai and two cisterns known as "Jûng?i (?)", and one and a half miles further on the two cisterns and village of Beraemi, close to the south side of the road. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 34 ※ SOURCE for Jungui « The road now crosses a level, and even tract covered with very short grass, -apparently an ancient river basin. At 10 miles 7 furlongs a dry nullah, 10 feet deep, is crossed; flow to south; banks of friable clay, 4 or 5 feet high, and perpendicular in places; breadth of bed, which consists of fine sand, 20 to 30' feet. At 12 miles 1 furlong we pass a caravanserai and two cisterns known as "Jungui (?)", » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p.33 ※ SOURCE for Madi «Durch eine gleichförmige Wüste 2½ Meilen nach Madi und der Karawanserei Guni Godsji Mahmed (Gun-e Chadjä Mohammad) durch Bârik, dann 1 Farsach zum Flusse Kur OSO. [Through a uniform desert 2½ miles to Madi and the caravanserai Guni Godsji Mahmed (Gun-e Chadjä Mohammad) through Bârik, then 1 farsach to the Kur river ESE.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 124 Janguyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067727 coordinate: lat 28.085761 long 53.273731 NIMA/GNS names: Changu , Jangu , Janguyeh , Jengu , جنگو , جنگویه , چنگو , VARIANT names: Janguyeh , Janiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067732 coordinate: lat 29.004167 long 52.1325 NIMA/GNS names: Jani Abad Farashband , Janiabad , VARIANT names: Janiabad , Janjireh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067493 coordinate: lat 30.7 long 48.85 NIMA/GNS names: Jahangir Khani , Jahangiri , Jahangiryeh , Janjireh , VARIANT names: Janjireh , Janu pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.632392 long 52.423818 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Janu pass , ※ SOURCE for Janu pass « marked in google maps and corresponds to the high point of the pass » Jareh chahar taq : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 29.2965646434965 long 51.9673773998529 VARIANT names: Bala Dih chahar taq , Chahar Taq Girre , Djerre ateshgah , Djirrah chahar taq , Girre Cahartaq , Jareh chahar taq , ※ SOURCE for Bala Dih chahar taq « 1) Le Chahär Taq dit de Djirrah (1), que nous avons étudié à l'occasion de notre visite lors de notre dernière prospection ne se trouve pas à Djirrah même, mais bien loin de là, à environ 11 km. au nord-ouest du village de Bälä Dih. Situé sur une hauteur, il domine la vallée environnante, au bord de la rivière.Il répond à un plan carré de 14,30 m. extérieurement et de 8,70 m. de côté intérieurement. Il est bien conservé; les piliers d'une épaisseur de 3,80 m. sur 2,80 m, ont une hauteur de 5.50 m. jusqu'aux trompes d'angle. L'ouverture des arcs est de 6,70 m. et leur hauteur est de 4,80 m. La coupole, haute de 2,50 m., comporte quatre ouvertures et se dresse sur un mur de 1,80 m. de haut, construit en retrait, de telle manière que la coupole est entourée d'une sorte de galerie de 1,40 m. de large. fn. 1 A. Godard, les quatre Chahar Taks de la vallée de Djerré, dans Athár-é Iran, vol. III (1938), p. 169-173, fig. 107, 108 et fig. 12, 13. [1) The Chahär Taq called Djirrah (1), which we studied on the occasion of our visit during our last survey, is not in Djirrah itself, but far away, about 11 km. northwest of the village of Bälä Dih. Situated on a height, it dominates the surrounding valley, on the edge of the river.It has a square plan of 14.30 m. externally and 8.70 m. on each side internally. It is well preserved; the pillars, 3.80 m thick by 2.80 m, have a height of 5.50 m. up to the corner squinches. The opening of the arches is 6.70 m. and their height is 4.80 m. The dome, 2.50 m high, has four openings and stands on a wall 1.80 m high. high, built in such a way that the dome is surrounded by a sort of gallery 1.40 m wide. fn. 1 A. Godard, the four Chahar Taks of the Djerré valley, in Athár-é Iran, vol. III (1938), p. 169-173, fig. 107, 108 and fig. 12, 13.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 188 ※ SOURCE for Chahar Taq Girre « Preferred name: Chahar Taq Girre English Jareh fire temple English آتشکده جره Persian چهارطاقی جر Persian Chahartaq Jareh » at online reference link [ above coordinates given as 29.3,52 3 km west of true location ? PBR] ※ SOURCE for Djerre ateshgah « L'äteshgah de Djerrè est un grand cahār-tāk isolé, de plus de quatorze mètres de côté (fig. 107), qui se trouve, comme l'indiquent le dessin et les photographies ci-joints (fig. 12-13, 107-108), à la pointe d'une hauteur qui domine la rivière de Djerrè et où de nombreux restes de constructions marquent l'emplacement de l'ancienne ville.) Bâti tout au bord de la falaise à pic, il avait pour fonction d'être vu de toute la région, à la fois des deux branches de la vallée. C'est un signal zoroastrien. [The äteshgah of Djerre is a large isolated cahār-tāk, more than fourteen meters on each side (fig. 107), which is located, as indicated in the drawing and the attached photographs (figs. 12-13, 107-108), at the tip of a height which dominates the river of Djerre and where numerous remains of buildings mark the site of the ancient city. Built at the very edge of the sheer cliff, its function was to be seen from the whole region, from both branches of the valley. It is a Zoroastrian signal.] » #3405 Andre Godard, Les Quatre Cahar-Taks de la Vallee de Djerre, in: Athar e Iran, Annales du service archeologique de l'Iran. 3, Libraire Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, Paris, 1938, pp. 169-173 ~ p. 169 ※ SOURCE for Djirrah chahar taq « Le Chahar Taq dit de Djirrah (1), que nous avons étudié à l'occasion de notre visite lors de notre dernière prospection ne se trouve pas à Djirrah même, mais bien loin de là, à environ 11 km, au nord-ouest du village de Bali Dih. Situé sur une hauteur, il domine la vallée environnante, au bord de la rivière. fn. 1 A. Godard, les quatre Chahar Taks de la vallée de Djerré, dans Athar-é Iran, (1938), p. 169-173, fig. 107, 108 et fig. 12, 13. [The Chahar Taq known as Djirrah (1), which we studied during our visit during our last prospecting is not located in Djirrah itself, but far from there, about 11 km, to the northwest from the village of Bali Dih. Located on a height, it dominates the surrounding valley, on the edge of the river.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ p. 188 ※ SOURCE for Girre Cahartaq « Unter ihnen ist der Cahartaq von Girre, arabisiert Djirre, nicht nur der größte. Seitdem E. Herzfeld (3) anläßlich seiner Forschungsreise in Iran in den Jahren 1923/24 darauf aufmerksam gemacht hat, daß sich unter den Ruinen dieses auf der Grenze zwischen den alten Distrikten Shapur und Ardashir Khurre gelegenen Gebiets die von Tabari fn. 3 E. Herzfeld, Reisebericht, ZDMG N.F. 5, 1926, p. 256; idem. Archaeological History of Iran (London 1935), pp. 91ff. Der hier in Abb. 12/13 als Zeichnung wiedergegebene "Fire-temple Car-taq near Gira" ist der Cahartaq am Tell-i Djangi bei Farrashband.[Among them, the Cahartaq of Girre, Djirre in Arabic, is not only the largest. Since E. Herzfeld (3), on the occasion of his research trip to Iran in 1923/24, drew attention to the fact that among the ruins of this area, located on the border between the old districts of Shapur and Ardashir Khurre, there are those of Tabari fn. 3 E. Herzfeld, travel report, ZDMG N.F. 5, 1926, p. 256; idem. Archaeological History of Iran (London 1935), pp. 91ff. The "Fire-temple Car-taq near Gira" shown here as a drawing in Fig. 12/13 is the Cahartaq at Tell-i Djangi near Farrashband.] » #3100 Huff, Dietrich, Beobachtungen zum Chahartaq und zur Topographie von Girre, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1995 vol. 30:pp. 71-92 ~ p. 71 ※ SOURCE for Jareh chahar taq « Titel: Chahartaq near Jareh 1993 - Chahartaq Jareh. Building with four barrel vaults and a dome Bildnummer: D-DAI-EUR-TEH-DIA-AWK-11143 Aufnahmedatum: 1993 Bildautor/in: Wolfram Kleiss » at online reference link Jaru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067813 coordinate: lat 31.550408 long 49.54323 NIMA/GNS names: Jarn , Jaru , جارو , VARIANT names: Jaru , Jarub : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3188309 coordinate: lat 16.359248 long 52.36004 NIMA/GNS names: `Airub , `Irub , Jarub , Yerub , Yirub , VARIANT names: Jarub , Yarub , ※ SOURCE for Yarub « fn.1 There are four routes from Dhofar to the Hadhramaut: (1) my route by Thamut; (2) Habarut, Shalhamit, Sarif (wadi Kadiut), Kadiut village, Minar (wadi Mohorat), Ej Jelt, Maksi (wadi Washa), Ed Dahil; (3) coast route: Rakhyiut, Jadib, Damqut, El Fatk, Yarub, El Ghaidha (Ghaila), Mahaifif, Harut, Dhobut; (4) coast route to El Ghaidha, then a ten days' direct route to the Hadhramaut by Dahal, Shaltan, Yahul through Mahra country. » #158 Thesiger, Wilfred P., A new journey in Southern Arabia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1947 (Apr.) 108:4-6:129-45 ~ p.139 Jarugh : arch. site IRN UTM: 590006 E, 249321 N converted to coordinate: lat 29.3698569867867 long 51.9273864216013 VARIANT names: Jarugh , ※ SOURCE for Jarugh [Northing 249321 N, amended to 3249321 N in line with Figure 1. PBR] « Jarugh » in {map#1174 Figure 1. Distribution of the tal-e khandaghs studied (Encarta 2009)., , , #3086 Parsa Ghasemi, Tal-e Khandagh (“Moated Mound”): A Military Structure in Ancient Fars, Near Eastern Archaeology, 2012 vol. 75:no. 4:pp. 240-251 ~} « The Tal-e Khandagh at Jarūgh » #3086 Parsa Ghasemi, Tal-e Khandagh (“Moated Mound”): A Military Structure in Ancient Fars, Near Eastern Archaeology, 2012 vol. 75:no. 4:pp. 240-251 ~ p.241 Jask : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067830 coordinate: lat 25.645335 long 57.775524 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Jask , Jask , بندر جاسک , جاسک , VARIANT names: Badis , Ch'a-shih , Giasck , Jashk , Jask , Jasques , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Jask FOR Alexander's' altars [Tarn], ※ SOURCE for Badis « On arriving at Badis, now called Jask, abundance of water and corn were found. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 272 ※ SOURCE for Ch'a-shih « Jask village, 57° 46' E » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 2 p. 298 ※ SOURCE for Giasck « Mi disse anche il residente ente inglese che le lor navi, quell'anno non avevano da imbarcare la seta nel porto di Giasck, come gli anni addietro, perchè era scomodo e lontano, ma che avevan da venire in un porto alla marina di Mina, chiamato Kuhestek per esser più vicino, ed alla seta e ad Hormuz, [The English resident also told me that their ships that year did not have to load the silk in the port of Giasck, like in previous years, because it was inconvenient and far away, but that they had to come to a port in the marina of Mina, called Kuhestek to be closer, and to silk and Hormuz,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p.p. 299 -300 ※ SOURCE for Jashk « Thence he embarked, with all his followers, and what they required, and made his passage to Iasques, (5) a well-known port on the Persian coast. fn 5. Jashk oft he Persian Gulf Pilot. [See Hobson-Jobson, s. v. “Jask, Jasques, Cape."-D. F.] » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ p. 154 ※ SOURCE for Jask « Thence he embarked, with all his followers, and what they required, and made his passage to Iasques, (5) a well-known port on the Persian coast. fn 5. Jashk oft he Persian Gulf Pilot. [See Hobson-Jobson, s. v. “Jask, Jasques, Cape."-D. F.] » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ p. 154 ※ SOURCE for Jasques « Thence he embarked, with all his followers, and what they required, and made his passage to Iasques, (5) a well-known port on the Persian coast. fn 5. Jashk oft he Persian Gulf Pilot. [See Hobson-Jobson, s. v. “Jask, Jasques, Cape."-D. F.] » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ p. 154 Jask-e Kohneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067835 coordinate: lat 25.74028 long 57.770528 NIMA/GNS names: Jask-e Kohneh , Juna , Old Jask , الد جاسك , جاسك كهنه , VARIANT names: Jashk village , Jask-e Kohneh , ※ SOURCE for Jashk village « March 15th. Left at 5-35 A.M. The road over the same sandy plain, with but little scrub about, bore for a hill east-north-east, which we reached in an hour, went round it and carried on in the same direction passing some date groves, and through a more wooded country, chiefly gez trees. At 7-12 passed a river called ? Taber Kand, about 100 yards across. We came this way, as we?? were told that this river on the direct road would be very difficult to cross. It would stop one, even here I imagine, after a conti- nuance of wet weather. Bearing now east-south-east, at 8-25 came to a small riverbed with steep sides, another nasty spot in the rains. Ground all along sandy, with slight salt incrustation. Passed several fine date groves, and at 9-45 camped under one for breakfast. 11-15 off again. Country as before for nearly 8 miles, when we came to the village of Jashk. Distance 23 miles. From the sandhills close by the telegraph buildings are visible, about 10 miles away. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 34 Jaskh telegraph office : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 25.640718 long 57.767237 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Jaskh telegraph office , ※ SOURCE for Jaskh telegraph office « 19th March. Marched into Jaskh Telegraph Office, the first mile across the plain; then through and over some sandhills on to a masheelah for about 3 miles, then across the peninsula to the office. Distance 8 miles. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 35 Javazin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067870 coordinate: lat 30.512583 long 55.031488 NIMA/GNS names: Javazin , Javazm , Jowzam , جوزم , VARIANT names: Djewezm, Haus d. Dorfschulzen , Javazin , ※ SOURCE for Djewezm, Haus d. Dorfschulzen « Ortsbestimmungen zwischen Kermån und Enar.. Breite Länge Djewezm, Haus d. Dorfschulzen 30 31 5 55 2 24 (letzteres nach der englischen Admiralitätskarte). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~p. 366 Javoni : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067857 coordinate: lat 26.848111 long 54.267733 NIMA/GNS names: Javani , Javoni , جاونی , VARIANT names: Javoni , Jonjal , ※ SOURCE for Jonjal « Jonjal » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Jaydar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067878 coordinate: lat 33.116667 long 47.733333 NIMA/GNS names: Jaidar , Jaydar , Qal'at Jaidar , Zeydar , جايدر , زيدار , VARIANT names: Jaydar , ※ SOURCE for Jaydar « Jaydar » in {map#1134 in #902 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Journey in Western Iran, The Geographical Journal, London, 1938 (Oct.) 92:4:313-42 ~ fig. } Jaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067889 coordinate: lat 32.7388 long 52.5393 NIMA/GNS names: Jaz , Jazeh , Jezeh , جزه , VARIANT names: Jaz , Jazah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PRT UFI: -3055121 coordinate: lat 26.8262 long 53.5318 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Jazeh , Bandar-e Jazeh , Bandar-e Jazzeh , Jazah , Jazzeh , بندر جزه , VARIANT names: Djeze , Jazah , ※ SOURCE for Djeze « Djèzè » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 Jaza'ir Khuriya Muriya : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISLS UFI: -787728 coordinate: lat 17.5 long 56 NIMA/GNS names: Bin Ghalfan , Jaza'ir Khuriya Muriya , Jaza'ir Khurya Murya , Khorya Morya Islands , Khuryan Muryan , Kuria Muria Islands , VARIANT names: Ḥairawan , I. Chartan et Martan ou Kuria Muria , I. De Curia muria , I. di Comiana , I.de curia muria , ilheos de canaranim , Jaza'ir Khuriya Muriya , Juzur al-Hallaniyat , Khuriya Muriya Islands , Kourya-Muria , ylhas de caria muria , Zenobios , ※ SOURCE for Ḥairawan « The islands of Khuriya Müriya are mentioned several times by Ibn Majid and also by Sulaiman especially in describing routes and Ibn Majid uses it as a base for measuring latitude by the heights of Suhail and al-Difḍa'. In addition Ibn Majid gives Ḥairawan as an alternative name for the islands a name which cannot be traced elsewhere. Sulaiman also mentions dangers around the island of al-Hasikiya the westernmost of the group. Ra's Saugira and the next prominent cape beyond Khuriya » #370 Tibbetts, G. R., Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean before the coming of the Portuguese, The Royal Asiatic Society, Luzac and Co., London, 1971 ~ p. 442 ※ SOURCE for I. Chartan et Martan ou Kuria Muria (map [821] Map of the Arabian Coast, Red Sea, and Persian Gulf, Jacques-Nicolas Bellin, 1745/1746, Qatar National Library, 12896) ※ SOURCE for I. De Curia muria « I. De Curia muria » well placed in (map [650] Carte de l'Océan Indien, des cotes de l'Afrique et de l'Asie depuis le cap de Bonne-Espérance jusqu'au Japon, João Teixeira Albernaz, c. 16.., Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE SH 18 PF 213 DIV 3 P 2/2) ※ SOURCE for I. di Comiana « J. di Comiana » shown in {map#858 Dell´Arcano del Mare, Dudley, Robert, 1646, } ※ SOURCE for I.de curia muria (map [650] Carte de l'Océan Indien, des cotes de l'Afrique et de l'Asie depuis le cap de Bonne-Espérance jusqu'au Japon, João Teixeira Albernaz, c. 16.., Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE SH 18 PF 213 DIV 3 P 2/2) ※ SOURCE for ilheos de canaranim « ylhas de cariamuria 17°10' - Reinel (Paris) - ilhas de cairio muria - Reinel (Munich) - ilheos de canaranim - Fr. Rodriguez » #2218 Denucé, Jean, Les origines de la cartographie portugaise et les cartes des Reinel, E. van Goethem, 1908 ~ p. 129 ※ SOURCE for Juzur al-Hallaniyat Oman map 1:850000 Reise KnowHow 2019 ※ SOURCE for Khuriya Muriya Islands « This research concluded that the most probable location for the wrecks was the northern coast of Al Hallaniyah: the largest of the Khuriya Muriya Islands situated approximately 45 km off the southern coast of Oman, and it was the basis for a search expedition which initially located the wreck site in 1998. » #1672 Onley, James, Britain’s Informal Empire in the Gulf, 1820-–1971, Journal of Social Affairs, 2005 ~ p. 31 ※ SOURCE for Kourya-Muria we neared the group of islands known as Kourya-Muria , at the northeast end of a beautiful bay of which, bearing the same name, we came to anchor. Opposite to us lay the small town of Hasec, the territory of which, situated partly in Hadramaut and partly in Oman proper, extends from Cape Mindjy to Cape Mastraka. This harbor abounds in marine plants used in the manufacture of soda. The neighboring mountains are covered with layers of shells and deposits of guano, to secure a nonopoly of which latter steps were taken by the British government in 1857. #2690 Co. Louis Du Couret, Life in the Desert or, Recollections of Travel in Asia and Africa, Mason Brothers, New York, 1860 ~ p. 437 ※ SOURCE for ylhas de caria muria (map [827] Map of the Indian Ocean in "Atlas Miller", Pedro Reinal, Jorge Reinal, Antonio de Holanda, 1519, Bibliothèque Nationale de France Res. Ge. DD 683) « ylhas de cariamuria 17°10' - Reinel (Paris) - ilhas de cairio muria - Reinel (Munich) - ilheos de canaranim - Fr. Rodriguez » #2218 Denucé, Jean, Les origines de la cartographie portugaise et les cartes des Reinel, E. van Goethem, 1908 ~ p. 129 ※ SOURCE for Zenobios « Ptolemy (6.7.46) as well as the Periplus say that there are seven islands CI989:174), the latter source referring to them as "the isles of Zenobios" (ibid., 33 [71]). The name Zenobios is most probably the Ban! Janaba, which Miles called the Jenefa tribesmen (1994:429, 475, 485-6, 488-9). The Portuguese were apparently the first to use the name Curia Muria which could have been an adaptation of Khuryan Muriyan mentioned by the Muslim geographers. » #2620 Dionisius A. Agius, Seafaring in the Arabian Gulf and Oman People of the Dhow, Taylor and Francis, 2012 ~ p.88 fn. 52 « E2 | Zenobiou Inss. | R Kuria Muria OMN | von Wissmann 1977, 7 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory MAP 4 ARABIA-AZANIA p. 49 « Zenoby infle. J. » in {map#846 Asiae Tabula VI: Arabiam Felicem, Carmaniam Ac Sinum Persicum, Ptolemy, 1578, } Jaza'ir Suwadi : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISLS UFI: -789069 coordinate: lat 23.788896 long 57.784092 NIMA/GNS names: As Sawadi , As Suwadi , Jaza'ir Suwadi , Jezirat Suwadi , Juzur as Sawadi , Saudi Islands , Sawadi , Suadi Islands , جزر السوادي , VARIANT names: Jaza'ir Suwadi , Soadije islands , Suadi islands , Suet , Suwadi islands , ※ SOURCE for Jaza'ir Suwadi [The Suwadi Island group comprise 6 significant islands, named from west to east, Qat`ah, al `Alim, Maqbarah, Jabal, Suwadi, and Jabal al `Awd, all within 2 km of the coastline.] «The report of the expedition also mentions several places beyond Kalba, but gives no details on them. (37) Finally, it gives a description of Muscat, the only considerable town on the coast: fn. 37 ’Nabor’[Nabar], ’Ammock‘ [Amq], ’Soar’ [Suhar],‘Soeeck’ [Suwaiq], ‘Suadi islands’ [Suwadi islands],‘Soobye’ [Subye], Borca [Barqa], ’Sieb’ [Sib]: AM, VOC vol. 1259, pp. 3373-3375(=Floor, ‘First contacts’, pp. 304-306). » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 179 « Jazair as Suwādi, a group of seven islets, lie as far as 1 mile off Suwadi Point. Close seaward of these islets are depths of 4 to 5 fathoms. (See View No. 10.) » #2824 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf Including the Gulf of Oman and the Northern Shore of the Arabian Sea as Far Eastward as Ras Muāri H.O. Pub . No. 62 ( Formerly No. 158), U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office, Washington, 1960 ~ p. 77 ※ SOURCE for Soadije islands « To the west of Soadije41 at about 8 miles a place is situated called Soceck;2 where only 5 to 6 cabins are standing. The depths between Soar till the abovementioned islands while sailing 4 to 5 miles ofT shore are 30, 38, 25, 18, 20, 35, 23, 25, 21, 19, 18, 22, 21, 30 fathoms of sand ground. It is again lowland with mountains / up country/ as before. The coast is most of the time beautiful but it has no bays. The islands of Soadije number six and are situated at about 3 miles ofT shore. They are named after a place, which is situated opposite to them on shore which is called Soadije. fn. 41 The Suwadi islands. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 305 ※ SOURCE for Suadi islands [The Suwadi Island group comprise 6 significant islands, named from west to east, Qat`ah, al `Alim, Maqbarah, Jabal, Suwadi, and Jabal al `Awd, all within 2 km of the coastline.] « No. 228 Anchorages on the coast of Arabia :—Khor-al-Hajar. Suadi islands. Lieuts. Brown, Beresford, and Kane, 1887 » #263 Catalogue of Admiralty Charts, Plans and Sailing Directions, The Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, ~ p. 145 « Perto dos ilhéus que ficam defronte do cabo Suadi apareceram mais fus tas pela proa, obviamente vindas de Mascate. Apesar de tudo, Alecheluby não estava preocupado. A persistência dos ventos gerais de sueste, embora exigisse um enorme esforço dos remadores, o que lhe era indiferente, cons tituía a melhor garantia de que as caravelas e os galeões portugueses que tinha deixado para trás não seriam capazes de o alcançar. O mais prová vel, pensava, era que tivessem recolhido a Ormuz. Ao romper do dia 25 de Agosto as fustas que alguns dias antes tinham saído de Mascate regressaram com a informação de que haviam deixado as galés junto ao cabo Suadi e que, portanto, já deviam estar muito próxi mas. » [. Close to the islets in front of Cape Suadi, more arrows appeared over the bow, obviously coming from Muscat. Despite everything, Alecheluby was not worried. The persistence of the general southeasterly winds, although demanding an enormous effort from the oarsmen, which he didn't care about, constituted the best guarantee that the Portuguese caravels and galleons that he had left behind would not be able to reach him. More likely, he thought, they had captured Ormuz. At daybreak on the 25th of August, the fustas that had left Muscat a few days before returned with the information that they had left the galleys near Cape Suadi and that, therefore, they must already be very close.] #2821 Monteiro, Armando da Silva Saturnino, Batalhas e combates da Marinha Portuguesa, 1992 ~ vol. 3 p. 169 ※ SOURCE for Suet « When one considers it closely, it seems to be a transliteration into Latin script, using (with some copying errors) Venetian and Portuguese phonetics of an Arab list, possibly a lost Arab pilot-book of the Gulf. (127) We give here Balbi’s list with our remarks: … Suet [ =Suadi] … fn. 127 Balbi, Viaggi ed. Pinto, p. 121. For identification one should bear in mind a few peculiarities of Venetian dialect (Z for Dj, Ch for K) and possible errors in reading old handwriting made by the printers of the book in Venice like n for U and U for n). » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 37-9 ※ SOURCE for Suwadi islands « In many ways Sohar was ill-suited to be the major port on the Omani coast. It is situated on the low, sandy coast of the Batina, and is over 500 kms. from the seas beyond Ras al-Hadd where the monsoons blow. There is no natural harbour. The open beach anchorage is partly exposed to the Shamal, the dominant wind in the Gulf of Oman, and is a totally lee shore to the North-Easter, the Nashi, the closest shelter from which is by the Suwadi islands, almost 130 kms. to the South-East. » #1370 Williamson, A., Sohar and the sea trade of Oman in the tenth century A.D., Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1974 ~ p. 82 Jazirat Abu Sir : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -785801 coordinate: lat 26.38059 long 56.41647 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Abu Chir , Jazirat Abu Sar , Jazirat Abu Sir , Jazirat Fujar , جزيرة أبو صار , VARIANT names: Abu Chir , Jazirat Abu Sir , ※ SOURCE for Abu Chir « Chir (Abu) [name] 2 miles west of Gün island and separated from the mainland by the Mukhalif which is ¼ mile broad with 35 fathoms of water in it and a high rock in mid-channel. [position] Island 1,200 yards long from north to south, having cliffs all round and a peaked hill 400 feet high. [nature] In charts called "Jazi- rat Abu Sir." (A view of a bay near the Mukhalif strait is given in Burchardt's Ost-Arabien, elc.) [remarks] » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 1587 ※ SOURCE for Jazirat Abu Sir island on the north side of the Bab Mukhaylif strait in HMSO, Series K6611, Sheet NG 40-6E, Edition 2-GSGS Jazirat Abul Abyad : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -782036 coordinate: lat 24.20796 long 53.810012 NIMA/GNS names: Abu al Aby , Abu al Abyad , Al Jirab , Jazirat Abu al Abyadh , Jazirat Abul Abyad , Jezirat Abul Abyadh , Magayshit , Maqaishat Island , Megaishit , Mukayshit , Muqayshit , VARIANT names: Abi ‘I Abiaz , Abyadh (Abul) , Jazirat Abul Abyad , Jez Abul Abyadh , Jez Biliyard , Jezeerat Bihyarol , Jezt. A Abyaz , ※ SOURCE for Abi ‘I Abiaz « Abi ‘l Abiaz » in {map#1029 Kaart van de Perzische Golf, ed. A. Hotz, 1907 (1645), #2863 Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ ( Kaart No. IV) after p. 545} ※ SOURCE for Abyadh (Abul) « Abyadh (Abul) ابو الابيض [name] | The middle portion of the island of which the east end is called Salali. [nature] | See article Salali. [remarks]. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 415 ※ SOURCE for Jez Abul Abyadh « Jez Abul Abyadh » in {map#1033 Asia. Persian Gulf [173r], Guy, Brucks, Constable, Stiffe, 1933, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3924, f 173, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Jez Biliyard « Jez Biliyard » in {map#910 Map of Arabia, Published by J. Walker, Geographer to the Honble East India Company, 1849, British Library, IOR/X/3206} ※ SOURCE for Jezeerat Bihyarol « Jezeerat Bihyarol » in {map#1101 Reduced copy of chart of the Gulf of Persia, Brucks, 1830, [?531b] (2/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/732, p 531A, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Jezt. A Abyaz « Jezt. A Abyaz » in {map#1094 Chart showing the Pearl Banks along the Arabian Shore of the Persian Gulf between Ras Tanura and Debai, J G Lorimer, 1915, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C91/3, f 27, in Qatar Digital Library} Jazirat al Alim : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: 14491995 coordinate: lat 23.790983 long 57.776978 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat al `Alim , Jazirat al `Ilaym , جزيرة العليم , VARIANT names: Jazirat al Alim , ※ SOURCE for Jazirat al Alim [The Suwadi Island group comprise 6 significant islands, named from west to east, Qat`ah, al `Alim, Maqbarah, Jabal, Suwadi, and Jabal al `Awd, all within 2 km of the coastline.] Jazirat al Ghanam : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -786967 coordinate: lat 26.35188 long 56.35137 NIMA/GNS names: Al Ghanam Island , Jazirat al Ghanam , Jazirat Um al Ghanam , Jazirat Umm al Ghanam , جزيرة أم الغنم , VARIANT names: Gasillas , Goat Island , Gunnum island , Ilje Gaselle , Jazirat al Ghanam , ※ SOURCE for Gasillas « Sahirá Vossa Mercê de Camaltar com toda a pressa, na volta de Julfar e como fôr n'aquelle porto, animando-o, ordenará a um navio se venha pôr, emquanto se detem, que seja pouco, no pagode de Cassapo, de vigia aonde se virá a juntar com elle e assim andará, sem forçar as fustas pelo estado em ficam de aprestos, d'aquella ponta até Moçamdan, assistindo, sem apartar embarcações na ilha das Gasillas d'onde vigie a costa, chegando quando haja logar até ao dito Julfar, deixando sempre um navio, quando o faça, na ilha das Gasillas où pagode, e se tiver novas de inimigos ponha-se em paragem d'onde melhor possa ver seu intento. [Your Grace will leave Camaltar in all haste, on the way back from Julfar and as it happens in that port, encouraging him, he will order a ship to come and put, while they are staying, let it be little, at the pagoda of Cassapo, on watch where he will come to join him and so he will walk, without forcing the fustas by the state in readiness, from that point to Moçamdan, watching, without separating boats in the island of Gasillas from where he watches the coast, arriving when there is time to the said Julfar, always leaving a ship, when you do, on the island of Gasillas or Pagoda, and if you have news of enemies, put yourself at a stop where you can better see their intention.] #1869 Luciano Cordeiro , Diogo do Couto, Dois capitães da India, Escriptorio, 147 rua dos Retrozeiros, Lisboa, 1898 ~ p. 92 ※ SOURCE for Goat Island « In 1984, Sultan Qabus requested the other GCC countries for financial assistance to purchase helicopters, minesweepers and other equipments as well as constructing a naval base on Goat island for the purpose of controlling the Strait of Hormuz. The Sultan's appeal received no favourable response. » #871 Mojtahed-Zadeh, Pirouz, Political geography of the Strait of Hormuz: the evolution of Iran's role (1970s and 1980s), 1990 ~ p.37 ※ SOURCE for Gunnum island Map created in 1832. It was written in English and Arabic.#2587 Original surveys by Lieutenants John Michael Guy, George Barnes Brucks, Robert Cogan, William Eales Rogers and Stafford Bettesworth Haines, 1821-29, 'Chart of The Gulf of Persia.' IOR/X/3635/35/1-2, James Horsburgh, Hydrographer to the Honourable East India Company, 1832 ~ ※ SOURCE for Ilje Gaselle From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « From the refuge of Cabalje till one ist East off Puncto Mogoleef (11) (on its corner a crag is situated) the course is N. N. E. for 3 ¼ miles and from there till the beforementioned point the course is East for one mile. Almost right between Cobalje and Puncto Mogaleff the island Ilje de Gaselle (12) is situated at a ¼ mile off the coast. fn.11 Ras Mukhālif. fn.12 Jazirat al-Ghanam or Sheep island. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 300 ※ SOURCE for Jazirat al Ghanam « Field survey was therefore restricted to the western coastline and did not extend beyond the narrow strait which separates Jazirat al Ghanam (Goat Island, from its shape) from the mainland (FIG. I). Ghanam is a waterless island, now deserted. » #1042 de Cardi, Beatrice, A Sasanian Outpost in Northern Oman, Antiquity, London, 1972 46:184:305-10 ~ pp. 305 Jazirat Al Ghanam 1b : arch. site OMN UTM: DE358160 converted to coordinate: lat 26.3625946205913 long 56.356518195742 VARIANT names: Jazirat Al Ghanam 1b , ※ SOURCE for Jazirat Al Ghanam 1b #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 32 Jazirat al Jun : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -787543 coordinate: lat 23.837378 long 57.975656 NIMA/GNS names: Jaz Jun Island , Jazirat al Jawn , Jazirat al Jun , Jazirat Jun , جزيرة الجون , VARIANT names: Borca islands , Burka Islands , Jazeerat Jeune Islands , Jazirat al Jun , ※ SOURCE for Borca islands « From the islands of Soadije till the islands of Borca (43) the course is E. N. E. for 2 miles. (3375) The islands of Borca are two in number and have 5 to 6 crags. They are situated at 4 miles ofT shore and are also named after a place called Borca just as above. fn. 43 Barkeh. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 305 ※ SOURCE for Burka Islands « Swady Islands. - The largest of the Swady Islands, usually called the Burka Islands, which is highest, and has a rock on it like a turret, is in lat. 23° 47' 10" N., long. 57° 53' E. There are several rocks in this group, and no channels between them. Outside of them, and between them and the Islands, the soundings are from ten to eighteen fathoms, and safe to work through. Burka Islands. - The centre of the largest of the Burka Islands, usually called the western range of the Swadys, is in late 23° 50' 20" N., long. 58° 4' E. Between these islands and the shore the soundings are regular, fifteen fathoms near the islands, to five a mile off shore. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 627-8 ※ SOURCE for Jazeerat Jeune Islands « The Jazeerat Jeune Islands, usually called the eastern range of the Swadys, extend four miles in an east and west direction. The west point is in lat. 23° 50' 25" N., long. 58° 9' 25" E. Between this and the Burka Islands the channel is four miles wide, with twelve to twenty fathoms in it.. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 628 ※ SOURCE for Jazirat al Jun [The Daimaniyat Islands group comprise 3 distinct clusters, the central cluster being 16 km off the coastline and about 7 km ling. The western cluster includes al Jun some 7.5 km from the central cluster and the eastern cluster includes Kharaba some 6 km from the central cluster.] « Opposite the coast, and nine miles distant between Burka and Seeb, lie a group of islands, seven in number, called the Deymanieh ; they are all sterile, waterless and uninhabited, and two only have separate names—Joon and Khararaba. (The Deymanieh group is often called by fishermen the “ Saba Jezair ” or the Seven Islands, and derives this appellation “ Devmanieh ” from a tribe of that name, of which a small remnant still exists in Oman ; the name has remained unaltered since the time of Pliny.) » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p.459 « The western group, located about 4 miles west-southwestward of the western islet of the middle group, consists of Jazirat Jun and three rocks. The passage between these two groups has depths of about 19 fathoms and is clear of dangers. Jazirat Jun, a light-brown islet about 100 feet high near its western end, is dif- ficult to see at night. Fair anchorage can be obtained off a small sandy beach on the south- ern side of the islet in depths of 7 to 8 fathoms, sand. This anchorage is sheltered from north- ward, although considerable swell sets around the islet during strong winds. A rock with a depth of less than 1 fathom over it lies 1/2 mile southward of Jazirat Jun. A 2-fathom spit extends about 300 yards southeastward from the western rock of this group. . » #2824 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf Including the Gulf of Oman and the Northern Shore of the Arabian Sea as Far Eastward as Ras Muāri H.O. Pub . No. 62 ( Formerly No. 158), U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office, Washington, 1960 ~ p. 76 Jazirat al Khayl : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -787697 coordinate: lat 26.36953 long 56.45496 NIMA/GNS names: Gun , Jazirat al Khail , Jazirat al Khayl , Jazirat al Khil , Jazirat Kan , Jazirat Kun , Kun , Kun Island , جزيرة الخيل , VARIANT names: Gün island , Jazirat al Khayl , ※ SOURCE for Gün island « Chir (Abu) [name] 2 miles west of Gün island and separated from the mainland by the Mukhalif which is ¼ mile broad with 35 fathoms of water in it and a high rock in mid-channel. [position] Island 1,200 yards long from north to south, having cliffs all round and a peaked hill 400 feet high. [nature] In charts called "Jazi- rat Abu Sir." (A view of a bay near the Mukhalif strait is given in Burchardt's Ost-Arabien, elc.) [remarks] » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 1587 ※ SOURCE for Jazirat al Khayl « Jazirat al Khayl (DQ455165) Coral Community Type: A, B Description: north coast has rock walls and shelves with scattered corals, patches of P. damicornis; northwest cove shallow sandy shelf with Porites heads, talus, patches P. damicornis; southeast DQ464163 6m shelf with scattered Po rites reaching 30-40% cover maximum, and rock outcrops with scattered coral; 1 Porites head 5-6m diameter; south 48 coast has reef framework - see next record for details. Threats: ropes in coral; much litter underwater; base for Iranian small boat traders causing severe litter problem; . » #2814 Salm, Rodney V., Coral reefs of the Sultanate of Oman, Atoll Research Bulletin, 1993 380:1–85. ~ pp. 47-48 Jazirat al Maqlab : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: 152056 coordinate: lat 26.19553 long 56.34292 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat al Maqlab , Jazirat Maqlab , Jazirat Saghir , جزيرة مقلب , VARIANT names: Jazirat al Maqlab , Telegraph Island , ※ SOURCE for Jazirat al Maqlab « Immediately south of Telegraph Islet is Maqlab bay, which gives its name to the better known isthmus and also to the islet itself, by the Arabs called Jazirat-al-Maqlab. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1693 ※ SOURCE for Telegraph Island « 20. Surrounded by high mountains and barren rocky hills, no breeze can reach Telegraph Island, or the middle of the Khor, consequently the air must be still and the radiation great. In fact the heat is too great for Europeans to bear, and even the Arab nomads who fish there, move in the hot weather. » #2789 File 1855/1904 Pt 9 'Koweit:- Relations with Turkey. Sheikhs claim to Bubiyan, Warba and Umkasr' [?310v] (222/228), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/51/1, in Qatar Digital Library online reference link/81055/vdc_100037401204.0x00001e [accessed 4 April 2023], ~ Jazirat al Muharraq : place BHR NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -785003 coordinate: lat 26.2713889 long 50.6302778 NIMA/GNS names: `Arad , Al Muharraq , Al-Muharrak , Jazirat al Muharraq , Muharraq Island , VARIANT names: Jazirat al Muharraq , Masmahig , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Jazirat al Muharraq FOR [Monteiro], ※ SOURCE for Masmahig « The Babylonian Talmud, which was compiled between ca. 250 and 550 CE, specifically names Masmahig as a port where pearls are found (Simon 1938: 99); Masmahig is identified with the modern village of Samahij on Muharraq, an island immediately north of the main island of Bahrain (Simpson 2003: 67; Potts 1990: 124, 150). The Sasanian/early Islamic town of Ubulla, near Basra, was reported to »» #2817 Robert Carter, The History and Prehistory of Pearling in the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 2005 vol. 48:no. 2:pp. 139-209 ~ p. 144 « Apart from these finds there are, however, toponymic indications of at least two settlements datable to the Sasanian period. Samahig, a village on the north coast of Muharraq, preserves the name of the Nestorian bishopric Mašmahig, attested in the acts of the Nestorian synods in 410 and 576 (see below). In 1914 'old foundations' were noted here. (125) Further west on Muharraq is the village of Dayr, the Aramaic name of which means 'cloister', 'monastery',(126) Thus, Dayr is almost certainly the site of one of the numerous Nestorian monasteries known to have existed in the region. These names, together with the literary evidence attesting to a substantial Nestorian population on Bahrain in the fifth, sixth, and seventh centuries, suggest that it is only a matter of time before more archaeological material of comparable date is discovered there.. fn. 125 E. Sachau, Die Chronik von Arbela (Abh. d. Königl. Preuss. Akad. d. Wiss., phil.-hist. Kl., 6; Berlin, 1915), 27. fn. 126 For Aramaic dayr, see S. Fränkel, Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (Leiden, 1886), 275. For a discussion of Christian clerical terms in Arabic, cf. C. Hechaimé, » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ vol. 2 pp. 124-5 Jazirat as Salali : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -782389 coordinate: lat 24.183333 long 54 NIMA/GNS names: As Salali , Jazirat as Salali , Salali , VARIANT names: Jazirat as Salali , Jez Salal[e?] , Jez Salaley , Khor Salali , Salali island , ※ SOURCE for Jazirat as Salali « The insular possessions of the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi are the islands of Arzanah, Daiyinah, Dalmah, Das, Qarnain, Salali, Yas and Zirko » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 406 « Jazirat Salali, on the western side of Khor Kantur, is 7 miles long, east and west, and low, except a hill near its northeastern end. Boats use the channel westward of the island and get into Khor al Bazim at high water. » #2932 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf, Including the Gulf of Oman and the Mekrán Coast, Hydrographic Office, United States, 1931, ~ p. 106 ※ SOURCE for Jez Salal[e?] « Jez Salal[e?] » in {map#1101 Reduced copy of chart of the Gulf of Persia, Brucks, 1830, [?531b] (2/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/732, p 531A, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Jez Salaley « Jez Salaley » in {map#910 Map of Arabia, Published by J. Walker, Geographer to the Honble East India Company, 1849, British Library, IOR/X/3206} ※ SOURCE for Khor Salali « Here, tidal currents flow in two directions but tend not to be channeled as they are in the Khor al Bazam. Material is moved both to the east and to the west. There is movement to the east when the ebbing current carries suspended sediment discharged from tidal channels, as at the mouth of Khor Salali (Fig. 6). » #2404 A.S. Alsharhan , C.G.St.C. Kendall, Holocene coastal carbonates and evaporites of the southern Arabian Gulf and their ancient analogues, Earth-Science Reviews 61 (2003) 191–243 ~ p. 200 ※ SOURCE for Salali island « Salali سلالي Island [name]| | See article Salali. [remarks]. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 424 Jazirat Bubiyan : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -789682 coordinate: lat 29.7697222 long 48.2555556 NIMA/GNS names: Bubiyan Island , Jazirat Bubiyan , Jazirat Bubyan , VARIANT names: Boemaioen , Boobian Id. , Bubean , Jazirat Bubiyan , ※ SOURCE for Boemaioen « Boemaioen » in {map#835 Afteekening van de PERSISCHE GOLF, Johannes van Keulen, 1753, Nationaalarchief, The Hague 4 VEL S6B 033 Kaart 13} see AHduGP map 55 ※ SOURCE for Boobian Id. « Boobian Id. » in {map#1105 Sketch Map of the Gulf of Persia' [?32r] (1/2), , 1863, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F126/48, f 31, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Bubean « Bubeân » in {map#1035 Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A)} see AHduGP map 102 ※ SOURCE for Jazirat Bubiyan « JEZIRAT BUBIYAN is a large low island, 26 m. in length N. and S., by 12 in breadth; it is quite barren, and partly overflowed at H. W., and the soil impregnated with salt. Its S. point, called Ras-el-Abresheh, is 7 m. NN.W. from Failakah Island. Its W. side is nearly connected with the main its whole length, being only separated from it by Khor Subbeyeh, which is about m. in width, and has 2 to 5 fathoms in it; but its mouth, which is on the Tharub Flat, is shallow, and has several nearly dry patches off it. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1874 ~ p. 257 Jazirat Fahl : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -786815 coordinate: lat 23.680696 long 58.501443 NIMA/GNS names: Al Fahl , Fahal Island , Fahl , Jazirat al Fahl , Jazirat al Fahl , Jazirat Fahl , جزيرة الفحل , VARIANT names: Fahal Island , Grey Rock , Jazirat Fahl , Kuei hsü , ※ SOURCE for Grey Rock « Here the stony mountains start to show themselves along the coast. From the said islands till the Grey Rock (46) the course is S. E. to the east for about 5 miles, which rock is one mile out off the coast. From the Grey Rock till the Eastern corner of the bay of Mascatta the course is E. S. E. for 2 miles and / the depths are / 18, 16, 15, 12, 11, and 10 fathoms of sand ground. Fn. 46 The island of Faḥal (the stallion) is meant. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 306 ※ SOURCE for Kuei hsü « 286 [Tortoise island]. Fahl islet, 23° 41' N, off the east coast of Arabia [f. 21v] » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 1 p. 201 Jazirat Faylakah : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -789703 coordinate: lat 29.4405556 long 48.3347222 NIMA/GNS names: Faijlaka Island , Failaka Island , Failakah Island , Failicha , Fulayka' , Jazirat al- Falakah , Jazirat Failaka , Jazirat Falaka , Jazirat Faylaka , Jazirat Faylakah , Pheleechi , VARIANT names: Failaka , Failake , Failige , Faylakah , Feldschah , Felêci , Feledsch , Felicha , Felicia , Feltsha , Feludsje , Felüge , Felusje , Fuyadi , I. Dagoada , I. Peleche , I. Peluche , Ikaros , Ilha de Aguada , Jazirat Faylakah , Je pelene , Peluche , Pheleche , Pheleche Id. , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Jazirat Faylakah FOR Dos Porcos [Slot], ※ SOURCE for Failaka « It is on the basis of the partial excavation of the early second-millennium settlements on Failaka island, the great caches of Dilmun seals found there, the occasional inscription and the plentiful pottery recovered from the sites, that the links between Dilmun and Failaka have been established. Parts of the Epic of Gilgamesh may be set in and around the Gulf shores and in Dilmun; in that story the presence of Siduri, a goddess, is important, for she lives in an island on the edge of the ocean which is known as the Garden of the Sun. Gilgamesh visits her at the beginning of his quest. She in was, Sumerian times, the tutelary goddess of the Gulf, who resided in her garden and dispensed drinks to travellers, particularly those who were about to cross the waters of death from which, unlike Gilgamesh, they would not return. It seems most probable that Failaka was Siduri's island, as Burrows indeed proposed." » #381 Rice, Michael, The Archaeology of the Arabian Gulf : c. 5000-323 BC, Routledge, London:New York, 1994 ~ p. 207 « fn. 10. Slot BJ. The origins of Kuwait. Leiden: Brill, 1991: Pl.12. This should not be confused with the Portuguese name Ilha de Aguada, 'island of the waterwell', used on some Portuguese charts to identify Failaka. See Slot, The origins: 59. » #869 Potts, D. T., The Gulf Coast of the United Arab Emirates in the Homem-Reinels Atlas of 1519, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 1996 ~ p. 123 ※ SOURCE for Failake « I Tedeschi dal Settecento trascrivevano Feludsje, Failige, Failake, Felicha, Feledsch, poi Felüge, Felêci; C. NIEBUHR, Beschreibung von Arabien aus eigenen Beobachtungen [The Germans from the eighteenth century transcribed Feludsje, Failige, Failake, Felicha, Feledsch, then Felüge, Felêci; C. NIEBUHR, Beschreibung von Arabien aus eigenen Beobachtungen] » #2947 S. Patitucci, G. Uggeri, Failakah : insediamenti medievali islamici ricerche e scavi nel Kuwait, L'Erma di Bretschneider, Rome, 1984 ~ p. 9 fn. 1 ※ SOURCE for Failige « I Tedeschi dal Settecento trascrivevano Feludsje, Failige, Failake, Felicha, Feledsch, poi Felüge, Felêci; C. NIEBUHR, Beschreibung von Arabien aus eigenen Beobachtungen [The Germans from the eighteenth century transcribed Feludsje, Failige, Failake, Felicha, Feledsch, then Felüge, Felêci; C. NIEBUHR, Beschreibung von Arabien aus eigenen Beobachtungen] » #2947 S. Patitucci, G. Uggeri, Failakah : insediamenti medievali islamici ricerche e scavi nel Kuwait, L'Erma di Bretschneider, Rome, 1984 ~ p. 9 fn. 1 ※ SOURCE for Faylakah « Jazirat Faylakah (29°27'N., 48°20'E.) lies on an extensive mud flat. This island, on the E side of the approach to the harbor, is very low. A small, but conspicuous tomb stands on the SW end of the island. A radio mast, about 300m high, is located l.5 miles E of the tomb. The village of Az Zawr is situated near the middle of the NW side of the island. There is a boat landing near the village. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 424 ※ SOURCE for Feldschah « Beyond Bubiyan is the bay of Kuwait, in front of which lies Faylaka island. Faylaka is mentioned for the first time with this name ('Peluche') on French maps of c. 1740 (in the Neptune Oriental), and in the Kniphausen report of 1756 as Feldschah but it figures on older charts where it bears a Portuguese 106 name 'Ilha de Aguada". » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 31 ※ SOURCE for Felêci « I Tedeschi dal Settecento trascrivevano Feludsje, Failige, Failake, Felicha, Feledsch, poi Felüge, Felêci; C. NIEBUHR, Beschreibung von Arabien aus eigenen Beobachtungen [The Germans from the eighteenth century transcribed Feludsje, Failige, Failake, Felicha, Feledsch, then Felüge, Felêci; C. NIEBUHR, Beschreibung von Arabien aus eigenen Beobachtungen] » #2947 S. Patitucci, G. Uggeri, Failakah : insediamenti medievali islamici ricerche e scavi nel Kuwait, L'Erma di Bretschneider, Rome, 1984 ~ p. 9 fn. 1 ※ SOURCE for Feledsch « I Tedeschi dal Settecento trascrivevano Feludsje, Failige, Failake, Felicha, Feledsch, poi Felüge, Felêci; C. NIEBUHR, Beschreibung von Arabien aus eigenen Beobachtungen [The Germans from the eighteenth century transcribed Feludsje, Failige, Failake, Felicha, Feledsch, then Felüge, Felêci; C. NIEBUHR, Beschreibung von Arabien aus eigenen Beobachtungen] » #2947 S. Patitucci, G. Uggeri, Failakah : insediamenti medievali islamici ricerche e scavi nel Kuwait, L'Erma di Bretschneider, Rome, 1984 ~ p. 9 fn. 1 ※ SOURCE for Felicha « I Tedeschi dal Settecento trascrivevano Feludsje, Failige, Failake, Felicha, Feledsch, poi Felüge, Felêci; C. NIEBUHR, Beschreibung von Arabien aus eigenen Beobachtungen [The Germans from the eighteenth century transcribed Feludsje, Failige, Failake, Felicha, Feledsch, then Felüge, Felêci; C. NIEBUHR, Beschreibung von Arabien aus eigenen Beobachtungen] » #2947 S. Patitucci, G. Uggeri, Failakah : insediamenti medievali islamici ricerche e scavi nel Kuwait, L'Erma di Bretschneider, Rome, 1984 ~ p. 9 fn. 1 ※ SOURCE for Felicia « Felicia » in {map#835 Afteekening van de PERSISCHE GOLF, Johannes van Keulen, 1753, Nationaalarchief, The Hague 4 VEL S6B 033 Kaart 13} see AHduGP map 55 ※ SOURCE for Feltsha « The Portuguese had given the island of Faylaka, situated off the entrance of the Gulf of Kuwait, the name of Ilha de Aguada, or Island of the Well. The name was appropriate: Faylaka has water. In the course of the eighteenth century a number of nautical charts appear which reflect Aguada's local pronunciation, Feltsha. » #2617 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, Center for Research and Studies on Kuwait, Kuwait, 1998 ~ p.89 ※ SOURCE for Feludsje « Plus loin au Nord il y a plufieurs petites isles défertes, et une au contraire fort peuplée nommée as ou a Feludsje, appartenant aux Arabes et fituée près de la ville de Grän. Mr. d'Anville appelle cette isle Pelucie. La plupart des ha- bitans font originaires de Bahhrejn, et vivent principalement de la pêche des perles qui fe fait près de leur première patrie. [Farther to the North there are several small deserted islands, and one on the contrary strongly populated called as or a Feludsje, belonging to the Arabs and located near the town of Grän. Mr. d'Anville calls this island Pelucie. Most of the inhabitants are natives of Bahhrejn, and live mainly from pearl fishing which is done near their first homeland.] » #2874 Carsten Niebuhr, Description de l'Arabie faite sur des observations propres et des avis recueillis dans les lieux mêmes, S. J. Baalde, Amsterdam, 1774 ~ p. 286 ※ SOURCE for Felüge « I Tedeschi dal Settecento trascrivevano Feludsje, Failige, Failake, Felicha, Feledsch, poi Felüge, Felêci; C. NIEBUHR, Beschreibung von Arabien aus eigenen Beobachtungen [The Germans from the eighteenth century transcribed Feludsje, Failige, Failake, Felicha, Feledsch, then Felüge, Felêci; C. NIEBUHR, Beschreibung von Arabien aus eigenen Beobachtungen] » #2947 S. Patitucci, G. Uggeri, Failakah : insediamenti medievali islamici ricerche e scavi nel Kuwait, L'Erma di Bretschneider, Rome, 1984 ~ p. 9 fn. 1 ※ SOURCE for Felusje « Felusje » in {map#1035 Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A)} see AHduGP map 102 ※ SOURCE for Fuyadi « L'antica isola di Ikaros è detta oggi ufficialmente Failakah, mentre la pronuncia locale suona piuttosto Feileceb (o Feiliceb). Questo nome è docu- mentato almeno dalla prima cartografia portoghese del Golfo nelle varie for. me Feleq, Faiadi, Faiall e nell' Itinerario di Linschoten come Fuyadi. Nel Settecento abbiamo la trascrizione francese Feluche e quella tedesca Feludsje Dal secolo scorso gli Inglesi registrano sia la forma Failakah, che la pronuncia Pheleechi. [The ancient island of Ikaros is today officially called Failakah, while the local pronunciation sounds rather Feileceb (or Feiliceb). This name is documented at least by the first Portuguese cartography of the Gulf in the various forms. me Feleq, Faiadi, Faiall and in the Linschoten Itinerary as Fuyadi. In the eighteenth century we have the French transcription Feluche and the German Feludsje Since the last century the English have recorded both the form Failakah and the pronunciation Pheleechi.] » #2947 S. Patitucci, G. Uggeri, Failakah : insediamenti medievali islamici ricerche e scavi nel Kuwait, L'Erma di Bretschneider, Rome, 1984 ~ p. 9 ※ SOURCE for I. Dagoada « I. Dagoada » in {map#837 Deliniantur in hac tabula, Orae maritimae Abexiae, freti Mecani: al. Maris Rubri: Arabiae Freti Mecani: al Maris Rubri: Arabiae, Ormi, Persiae, Supra Sindam usque . . ., Jan Huygen Van Linschoten, 1596, Barry Lawrence Ruderman stock# 81979} see AHduGP map 37 « The map has Doguada (Aguada) and Sas (a mistake; what is meant is the place called Sar on Portuguese maps). In one respect it is quite an interesting map: in contrast to the other printed maps of this period, it presents Qatar as a small peninsula. This knowledge was soon lost, for with one exception all European maps before 1820 have a distorted view of the Gulf without the Qatar peninsula. » #2936 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1991 ~ p. 13 ※ SOURCE for I. Peleche « I. Peleche » #2617 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, Center for Research and Studies on Kuwait, Kuwait, 1998 ~ plate 42 p.98-9 ※ SOURCE for I. Peluche « I. Peluche » in {map#362 Carte du Golfe Persique depuis Bassora jusqu'au Cap Rasalgate, Guillaume Nicolas Delahaye D'apres De Mannevillette, 1775, Leiden, Universiteitsbibliotheek (Collectie Bodel Nijenhuis, Portf. 175, n° 108)} see AHduGP map 57 « Beyond Bubiyan is the bay of Kuwait, in front of which lies Faylaka island. Faylaka is mentioned for the first time with this name ('Peluche') on French maps of c. 1740 (in the Neptune Oriental), and in the Kniphausen report of 1756 as Feldschah but it figures on older charts where it bears a Portuguese 106 name 'Ilha de Aguada". » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 31 ※ SOURCE for Ikaros « The island of Ikaros, the modern Failaka, which is situated 25 km off Kuwait, is mentioned by several classical authors in their description of the Gulf area. Examining these sources bring new indications which complete the archaeological informations. The excavations carried out by the Danish Mission from 1958 to 1963 have in fact brought to light a Greek settlement of the Hellenistic period: a fortified hill (F5) enclosing a sacred area consisting of two temples, and a dwelling site (F4). » #2931 Calvet Yves, Ikaros : testimonia., in: , Failaka. Fouilles françaises 1983, Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée, Lyon, 1983, ~ p. 21 ※ SOURCE for Ilha de Aguada « The oldest irrefutable mention on European maps of any part of the territory now forming the present State of Kuwait appeared after Portuguese explorers had reached the Upper Gulf. It is the mention of Ilha de Aguada for the island Faylaka. » #2617 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, Center for Research and Studies on Kuwait, Kuwait, 1998 ~ p.9 « In the course of the eighteenth century, the Portuguese name Ilha de Aguada was replaced on some maps and nautical charts with Peleche or Peluche, a version of the Arab name Faylaka which approaches the local pronunciation of the name. Some later maps show Faylaka in front of Kazima. » #2617 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, Center for Research and Studies on Kuwait, Kuwait, 1998 ~ p.89 « AGUADA, ilha da (I)-A ilha Failakah, supomos, em 29° 26' lat. N. e 48" 20" long. E., no extremo noroeste do golfo Pérsico. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-c p. 12 ※ SOURCE for Je pelene « Je pelene » in {map#968 Golf van Persien, from, 1690s, Nationaal Archief, 4.VELH 156.2.14} ※ SOURCE for Peluche « Names such as Peluche for Faylaka is a piece of contemporary local knowledge which indicates another visit of a European ship to the coast of Kuwait. It is very difficult to trace » #2617 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, Center for Research and Studies on Kuwait, Kuwait, 1998 ~ p.90 ※ SOURCE for Pheleche Id. « Pheleche Id. » in {map#1105 Sketch Map of the Gulf of Persia' [?32r] (1/2), , 1863, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F126/48, f 31, in Qatar Digital Library} Jazirat Hamar an Nafur : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -787141 coordinate: lat 19.796592 long 57.796061 NIMA/GNS names: Hamar Nafur , Hamar-an-Nafur , Hammar Nafur , Hamr Nafun , Jazirat Hamar an Nafur , Jazirat Hamar an Nafur , Jazirat Hamar Nafur , Jazirat Himar an Nafur , Nafur Island , حمر نفون , VARIANT names: Hemr , Jazirat Hamar an Nafur , ※ SOURCE for Hemr As a last resort, then, the pilot gave up the contest , and ran us under the lee of the little island of Hemr, before we reached which we had many miraculous escapes from foundering upon the coral reefs by which the approaches to it are beset. Here we all went ashore in the small boat, and occupied ourselves in making arrangements to dry the soaked cargo. Our provisions were much damaged - none of our sea-stock, in fact, having escaped injury, except the fresh water. El-Hemr is about four leagues long by a league and a half broad. It is uninhabited, and its soil is covered with a deposit of shells and strange skeletons of birds and fish. Occasionally, the coasting vessels put in there to refit, and the Bedouins of the neighboring shores for the purpose of obtaining coral-and these are almost its only visitors. #2690 Co. Louis Du Couret, Life in the Desert or, Recollections of Travel in Asia and Africa, Mason Brothers, New York, 1860 ~ p. 439 ※ SOURCE for Jazirat Hamar an Nafur « Jazirat Hamar an Nafur (19°48'N., 57°49'E.), lying about 47 miles N of Ras al Madrakah and 3 miles offshore, is 99m high, with vertical limestone cliffs. Its summit is flat and split in all directions. Some sunken rocks lie close off both its E and W sides. The passage between this small islet and the coast has depths of about 5 to 11m in the fairway and is free of known dangers. 9.36 Shib Kadun (San Carlos Banks) (19°29'N., 58°00'E.). » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 196 Jazirat Jabal : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: 14491997 coordinate: lat 23.79144 long 57.786726 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Jabal , جزيرة جبل , VARIANT names: Jazirat Jabal , Jazirat Jabal al Awd : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -785822 coordinate: lat 23.786646 long 57.798015 NIMA/GNS names: Jabal `Add , Jazirat Jabal al `Awd , جزيرة جبل العود , VARIANT names: Jazirat Jabal al Awd , ※ SOURCE for Jazirat Jabal al Awd [The Suwadi Island group comprise 6 significant islands, named from west to east, Qat`ah, al `Alim, Maqbarah, Jabal, Suwadi, and Jabal al `Awd, all within 2 km of the coastline.] « Jabal 'Add, the easternmost and largest islet, is 271 feet high, tabletopped, and has a gap in it. The islet has cliffs on its seaward side and a small sandy bay on its western side. The channel between Jabal 'Add and Suwadi Point is about 400 yards wide and dries 2 to 3 feet. The other six islets west-northwestward of Jabal 'Add are 50 to 121 feet high and precipi- tous. A tower stands on the southeastern end of Makbara, the southernmost islet of the six, and another tower stands on the summit of the westernmost islet. Native craft anchor, partly sheltered from the prevailing winds, in a boat anchorage situated between Makbara and the mainland. This area is about 1/2 mile in extent, with a depth of 6 feet close to Makbara, and is entered close southwestward of that islet. During the date season this anchorage is crowded. The British naval vessel Fowey anchored, fairly sheltered from the nashi, in a depth of 5 fathoms about 1/2 miles westward of Jabal 'Add. A small vessel might obtain shelter from the shamal in 4 fathoms in a position close off the southeastern side of Jabal 'Add. » #2824 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf Including the Gulf of Oman and the Northern Shore of the Arabian Sea as Far Eastward as Ras Muāri H.O. Pub . No. 62 ( Formerly No. 158), U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office, Washington, 1960 ~ p. 77 Jazirat Jabrin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3067348 coordinate: lat 27.878016 long 51.441789 NIMA/GNS names: Jabrin , Jazirat Jabrin , Jazireh-ye Morghi , Jazireh-ye-Jabrin , Jezirat Jabrin , Nakhiln Island , Nakhilu , Nakhilu Island , Tahmadu , جَبرين , جزيرت جابرين , جزيره مرغی , نخيلو , VARIANT names: Jazirat Jabrin , Monquelay islands , Yebrin Ins , ※ SOURCE for Monquelay islands « fn. 1 'Monquelay' islands are almost certainly those of Nakhilu and Jabrin. Curzon's map of Persia calls the former Mokeileh, and Chesney's: map of Arabia and Syria has Monnkilah. Stein's and the War Office map referred to in the previous note show large sandbanks in their neighbourhood. » #385 ed. Fawcett, The Travels of the Abbe Carre in India and the near east 1672 to 1674, Hakluyt Society, London, 1947 ~ vol.1 pp. 95 ※ SOURCE for Yebrin Ins « Yebrin Ins » in #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882, ~ table XV Jazirat Kharaba : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -787642 coordinate: lat 23.839286 long 58.174279 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Kharaba , Jazirat Kharabah , Kharabah , VARIANT names: Jazirat Kharaba , ※ SOURCE for Jazirat Kharaba [The Daimaniyat Islands group comprise 3 distinct clusters, the central cluster being 16 km off the coastline and about 7 km ling. The western cluster includes al Jun some 7.5 km from the central cluster and the eastern cluster includes Kharaba some 6 km from the central cluster.] « Opposite the coast, and nine miles distant between Burka and Seeb, lie a group of islands, seven in number, called the Deymanieh ; they are all sterile, waterless and uninhabited, and two only have separate names—Joon and Khararaba. (The Deymanieh group is often called by fishermen the “ Saba Jezair ” or the Seven Islands, and derives this appellation “ Devmanieh ” from a tribe of that name, of which a small remnant still exists in Oman ; the name has remained unaltered since the time of Pliny.) » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p.459 « One and a half mile to the east of the islands of Sieb 3 islands are situated with 3 crags. When you have these at 1 mile W. S. W. off you one has depths of 42 , 41 to 40 fathoms of good holding ground mixed with sand. They are situated at 4' 14 miles off-shore. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 306 « The eastern group consists of Jazirat Kharaba, the easternmost island, located about 8½ miles off As Sib, and the detached rocks around it. This island is 30 feet high and consists of black rocky points separated by white sandy beaches. A reef extends about ½ mile off the northern and eastern sides of this island; about ¼ mile off the reef the depths are about 20 fathoms. . » #2824 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf Including the Gulf of Oman and the Northern Shore of the Arabian Sea as Far Eastward as Ras Muāri H.O. Pub . No. 62 ( Formerly No. 158), U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office, Washington, 1960 ~ p. 76 Jazirat Lima : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -787790 coordinate: lat 25.942222 long 56.466944 NIMA/GNS names: Al Ima Island , Jazirat Lima , Jazirat Lima , Jazirat Lima' , Jazirat Limah , جزيرة ليماء , VARIANT names: I. de las Ratones , Isleta de los Ratones , Jazirat Lima , Ratones , ※ SOURCE for I. de las Ratones « I. de las Ratones » in {map#985 Regnum Persicum Imperium Turcicum in In Asia Russorum Provinciae ad Mare Caspium, Reiner and Joshua Ottens, 1720, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Map Collection Stock# 43478} see AHduGP map 54 « I. de las Ratones » in {map#986 Carte de Perse dressée pour l'usage du Roy, Delisle, Guillaume, 1724, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE BB 565 (14, 8)} see AHduGP map 72 « I. de las Ratones » in {map#987 Opulentissimi Regni Persiae juxta suas Provincias recentissima et accuratissima Designatio, Studio et sumtibus . . ., Matthaus Seutter, 1740, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Map Collection Stock# 52964} see AHduGP map 100 ※ SOURCE for Isleta de los Ratones « Since the 26th [April 1620], a big pinnacle had started to appear off the bows, very close to the coast of Arabia, and though it had not been completely visible, being more than four leagues distant, today it could be seen most clearly. It was round and very high, [fol. 178r] and all the mariners and passengers who make this voyage are very well acquainted with it because they always pass within sight of it or even very close to it. They call it the Isla de los Ratones, (65) and their opinion is that sailing is good in its environs. This islet is six or seven leagues from Cape Musandam, and so close to the coast that at low tide a channel opens up that is barely wide enough for a foist to pass through. fn. 65 Lit. “Isle of Mice,” elsewhere in the MS Isleta de los Ratones, present-day Jazirat Limah, located at 25°56'32"N, 56°28'14"E. In maritime argot, ratones also meant “sharp–pointed rocks that scrape a ship’s cables”; see Fernández de Navarrete, Diccionario, 453, and RAE, Diccionario, 4th, 716. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017 ~ p.270 [also pp. 267 and 753 ibid] « RATONES. s. m. p. Hid. 6 Pil. Las peñas ó pedriscos escabrosos en el 6 fondo de algunos puertos y surgideros de la costa, en que se rozan los cables, y de aqui les vino la denominacion. Tambien se llaman ratas. Die geog. RAYERA. s. f. Pesc. V. Raeira. » [MICE. s. m. p. hid. 6 Pil. The rugged rocks or boulders at the bottom of some ports and shorelines, where the cables rub against each other, and this is where their name came from. They are also called rats. Die geog. STRIPE. s. F. fish V. Raeira.] #2658 Martín Fernández de Navarrete, Diccionario marítimo español, Imprenta real, Madrid, 1831 ~ p.453 ※ SOURCE for Jazirat Lima « Jazirat Limah, an islet, lies off Ras Limah. Strong currents flow through the deep channel between the point and the islet. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 275 ※ SOURCE for Ratones « Ratones » in {map#990 Golfe Persique. Dresse en 1758 et publie en 76, Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon, 1776, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 2603.025} see AHduGP map 75 Jazirat MaAwil : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -787816 coordinate: lat 20.70431 long 58.700454 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Ma`awil , Jazirat Ma`wal , Jazirat Maawal , جزيرة معول , VARIANT names: Isle of St. Paul , Jazirat MaAwil , Jezirat Maawal , ※ SOURCE for Isle of St. Paul « Isle of St. Paul » located west of the north tip of Masirah island in (map [862] 18) Arabia, Felix, Hacke, William., 1690?, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. G2201.P5 H3 1690), Jazirat Ma`awil, the only islands in that vicinity [PBR] ※ SOURCE for Jezirat Maawal « Jezirat Maawal, on Beiyat Dimna, 3 miles (5.6 km.) south-southwestward of Ras Shanna, is 1 mile (1.9 km.) long nort.heast IInel southwest, f mile (1.4 km.) broad, low, wooded, and connected to the mainland within three hours from low water; a creek in the reef, navigable for boats, leads to it from the northeastward. » #2736 H. O. No. 157 - Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Pilot, Hydrographic Office, United States, 1922 ~ ed. 2 1922 p. 548 Jazirat Miskan : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -789789 coordinate: lat 29.4847222 long 48.2513889 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Mashjan , Jazirat Miskan , Machiane , Mashjan Island , Mashjang , Mashyan , Maskan , Maskan Island , Mischan , VARIANT names: Jazirat Miskan , Mashjan , Misjan , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Faylaka FOR y:. feleq [Slot], ※ SOURCE for Mashjan « da due isolette minori: a ovest Misjān o Mashjān, ufficialmente Miskān , situata tra Failakah e il Qasr as-Sabiyah, il promontorio che chiude da nord la baia, [by two smaller islets: to the west Misjān o Mashjān, officially Miskān, located between Failakah and Qasr as-Sabiyah, the promontory that closes the bay from the north,] » #2947 S. Patitucci, G. Uggeri, Failakah : insediamenti medievali islamici ricerche e scavi nel Kuwait, L'Erma di Bretschneider, Rome, 1984 ~ p. 10 ※ SOURCE for Misjan « da due isolette minori: a ovest Misjān o Mashjān, ufficialmente Miskān , situata tra Failakah e il Qasr as-Sabiyah, il promontorio che chiude da nord la baia, [by two smaller islets: to the west Misjān o Mashjān, officially Miskān, located between Failakah and Qasr as-Sabiyah, the promontory that closes the bay from the north,] » #2947 S. Patitucci, G. Uggeri, Failakah : insediamenti medievali islamici ricerche e scavi nel Kuwait, L'Erma di Bretschneider, Rome, 1984 ~ p. 10 Jazirat Musandam : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -788182 coordinate: lat 26.371128 long 56.528416 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Masandam , Jazirat Musandam , جزيرة مسندم , VARIANT names: Jazirat Masandam , Jazirat Musandam , ※ SOURCE for Jazirat Masandam « For the Arabian Peninsula the following historical terms are known in Chinese: Jazirat Masandam ?都??新? » #2637 Fee-Alexandra Haase, The Representation of the Arabian Peninsula Before the Establishment of the Gulf States: The Contemporary Areas of ‘Oman,’ ‘United Arab Emirates,’ ‘Saudi Arabia,’ and ‘Bahrain’ in a Diachronic Study of Ethnonyms and Toponyms in Historical Arabic and English Sources, SSRN, 2013 ~ p. 76 ※ SOURCE for Jazirat Musandam « MUSANDAM In English formerly called "Musseldom." An island adjoining the north-eastern tip of the Ruus-al-Jibal promontory, from which it is separated only by a narrow strait: it may be considered to mark the entrance of the Persian Gulf and to divide that sea from the Gulf of 'Oman. Musandam measures 2 miles in length from north to south and very little less in breadth across its southern end: its extreme height is 875 feet, and it is precipitous almost all round, the only landing places being 3 or 4 small coves on the east side. Some ruins exist at the north end, built of large blocks of stone without mortar; but a few herdsmen in charge of goats are generally the only denizens of the island. At its north end Musandam terminates in a cliff 100 feet high, the celebrated cape Ras Musandam. Not far from Musandam island, on the north and east sides, soundings are obtained of 100 fathoms, a depth considerably exceeding anything found within the Persian Gulf. The strait which separates the island from the main is called Fakk-al-Asad or Bab; it is 600 yards wido. 24 fathoms deep, clear of obstacles and can easily be passed by steamers if a good speed is maintained, but in consequence of strong tides and baffling winds it is avoided by Arab vessels except rowing boats; the cliffs on either side are perpendicular, resembling door-posts. A pillar of rock called Kachalu, 100 feet high, stands I a mile north-north-east of Räs Musandam with a clear passage between it and the cape. » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 1318 Jazirat Qaruh : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3098181 coordinate: lat 28.8166667 long 48.7833333 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Karu , Jazirat Qaruh , Jezirat Karu , Qarawah , Qarawh , Qaru , VARIANT names: Garrow Island , Jazirat Qaruh , ※ SOURCE for Garrow Island « MULMARADAM ISLAND, in lat. 28° 48' N., about 6 or 7 leagues to the eastward of Ras-ul-zoor, is the southernmost island fronting this part of the coast; Garrow Island, lat. 28° 54' N. lies 4 or 5 leagues to the N. E. of Mulmaradam; and Khubber Island, in 29° 7 N. lies to the N. W.ward of Garrow, all of them being thought safe to approach, with good channels between them; and there is a safe channel between these islands and the coast, leading to the entrance of Graen Haven, but the passage to the eastward of them is generally used by the Company's Packets, which frequent Graen Haven. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817 ~ vol. 1 p. 272 Jazirat QatAh : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: 14491994 coordinate: lat 23.794885 long 57.773415 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Qat`ah , Jazirat Qat`ah , جزيرة قطعة , VARIANT names: Jazirat QatAh , ※ SOURCE for Jazirat QatAh [The Suwadi Island group comprise 6 significant islands, named from west to east, Qat`ah, al `Alim, Maqbarah, Jabal, Suwadi, and Jabal al `Awd, all within 2 km of the coastline.] Jazirat Qurayn : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: ISLT UFI: 419918 coordinate: lat 29.3586111 long 47.9063889 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Qurayn , VARIANT names: Grain , Gran , Green , Jazirat Qurayn , Kurein I. , ※ SOURCE for Grain « Van Keulen's chart of the Gulf is not innovative in its geometric precision, but it gives four names in the Kuwait area: Grain, Faylaka, Bubiyan and Hou (Awha Island). This chart is the first in which Grain figures, with the Dutch spelling of Green (ee is pronounced in Dutch as the English ai). Also, it contains depth soundings of the routes between Basra, Bandar Abbas, Kharg and Grain, so it shows that Dutch navigation had visited Grain at some date before the printing of the chart. Considering the directions of the lines of depth soundings on the map, a Dutch ship seems to have come directly to Grain from Bandar Abbas. Our problem is that there is no manuscript source of van Keulen's chart available and this makes it more difficult to establish a chronology for the new data on the map, and consequently for the probable Dutch expedition to Kuwait.(65) » fn. 45 The catalogue of the National Maritime Museum in Greenwich gives 1682, as the date of Van Keulen's chart of the Gulf Mr. Brian Thynne of the National Marine Museum had the kindness to check this chart for me, but he found that the Gerwich copy also was in the atlas of 1753 and that the date of 1682 was an error. » #2617 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, Center for Research and Studies on Kuwait, Kuwait, 1998 ~ p. 123 ※ SOURCE for Gran « Gran » in {map#1035 Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A)} see AHduGP map 102 ※ SOURCE for Green « Green » in {map#1022 Persische Golf, Compiled by Jan de Marre. Published in Amsterdam by Johannes van Keulen, 1753, The Hague, Nationaal Archief, 4.VEL S6B 033 kaart(13)} « Plate 52 - Van Keulen's chart of the Gulf of 1753, the first map to show 'Green'. (General State Archives of The Netherlands, Maps and Drawings Department, VEL S 6A) » #2617 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, Center for Research and Studies on Kuwait, Kuwait, 1998 ~pp. 124-5 ※ SOURCE for Kurein I. « Kurein I. » in {map#1016 Persian Gulf. Western Sheet, Constable and Stiffe, 1917, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837b} « Jezírat Kurein is a barren islet, with a brown coloured little peak, 30 or 40 feet high, 5 miles W.S.W. of Ras al Ajúza, and three-quarters of a mile from the shore; just to south-east of it is a small basin, with 2 fathoms water, where the smaller native boats lie. The entrance to it is from Bander Toweina, inside al Akkáz reef. This anchorage, which is called Bander ash Shuwaikh, is quite sheltered from all winds. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 160 Jazirat Shaghaf : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -788795 coordinate: lat 20.460146 long 58.748282 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Marsays , Jazirat Shagha , Jazirat Shaghaf , Jazirat Shughf , جزيرة مرصيص , VARIANT names: Jazirat Shaghaf , Shaghpah Island , ※ SOURCE for Jazirat Shaghaf « Jabal Safaiq (20°28'N., 58°48'E.), a flat-topped conical hill, 55m high, stands 1.5 miles S of Umm Rusays. This hill shows up well from W. Small vessels with local knowledge can anchor, in a depth of 5.5m, N of Jazirat Shaghaf, with the ruined tower bearing 142° and Jabal Khiran bearing 207°. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 199 ※ SOURCE for Shaghpah Island « If the intention is to use the uninhabited island of Shaghpah as a landing ground in the future, the delay in the provision of fuel for aircraft is likely to be very considerable as no means of communication with Umm Rusays exists, other than by attracting the attention of stray native boats which may by chance be in the vicinity.In the event of a decision to use Shaghpah Island as a landing ground, it would, I feel, be a more convenient arrangement for land aircraft and flying-boats to have a new petrol store built on Shaghpah Island in such a position as to be convenient for the use of both types of aircraft. This would in the long run prove an economy owing to the amount of rent paid for the use of the present petrol store. » #1478 Richardson, Colin, Masirah:Tales from a Desert Island, Pentland Press, 2001 ~ p. 41 Jazirat Sibi 12 : arch. site OMN UTM: DE391000 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2182756765743 long 56.3903486173502 VARIANT names: Jazirat Sibi 12 , ※ SOURCE for Jazirat Sibi 12 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 37 Jazirat Warbah : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: 393634 coordinate: lat 30.0016667 long 48.0816667 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Warbah , VARIANT names: Jazirat Warbah , Jazirat Zirku : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -784697 coordinate: lat 24.884167 long 53.072222 NIMA/GNS names: Az Zarqa' , Jazirat Zarka , Jazirat Zirku , Jaztal Zarakkuh , Jezirat Zirko , Zarakkawh , Zarakkuh , Zarqa , Zirko Island , Zirkuh , VARIANT names: Jazirat Zirku , Zirko , ※ SOURCE for Jazirat Zirku « It is in these shallow waters that some of the best pearl banks in the Gulf are found, and the salt plug islands such as Dalma, which has fresh water all the year round, Sir Bani Yās, Zirkü, Dās and Halūl form natural anchorages for the pearling fleets in summer and fishing boats in winter. » #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, The Geographical Journal, London, 1964 130:3:337-49 ~ p. 337 ※ SOURCE for Zirko « The insular possessions of the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi are the islands of Arzanah, Daiyinah, Dalmah, Das, Qarnain, Salali, Yas and Zirko » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 406 Jazireh Abbasak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3051205 coordinate: lat 29.016304 long 50.880905 NIMA/GNS names: `Abbasak Island , Jazireh `Abbasak , Jazireh-ye `Abasak , Jazireh-ye `Abbasak , Jazireh-Ye-Abbask , جزيره عباسک , VARIANT names: Jazireh Abbasak , Jazireh-ye Buneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3057098 coordinate: lat 30.14292 long 49.184474 NIMA/GNS names: Bunneh , Bunneh Island , Jazireh-ye Boneh , Jazireh-ye Buneh , Jazireh-Ye-Bunneh , جزیره بنه , جزیره بونه , VARIANT names: Banna , Buna Isld , Bunneh I , Jazireh-ye Buneh , ※ SOURCE for Banna « Banna » in {map#1016 Persian Gulf. Western Sheet, Constable and Stiffe, 1917, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837b} «Banna is a low narrow island, 3 miles long, with a ruin on it, lying 2 miles west of Ras at Tullúb, with a deep khor between it and that point. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p.293 ※ SOURCE for Buna Isld « Buna Isld » in {map#1068 Part of the Coast of Persia from Ras Tuloop to Bushire, Brucks and Robert Cogan, 1826, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3635/41, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Bunneh I « Bunneh I. » in {map#1060 Persia, Afghanistan, and Belouchistan., Philip, George, 1910, david Rumsey Map Collection list no: 15487.080} Jazireh-ye Dara : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3059240 coordinate: lat 30.100949 long 49.108718 NIMA/GNS names: Dara Island , Dareh , Jazireh-ye Dara , جزیره دارا , VARIANT names: Achearine , Daira , Derabenna petit îlot , Derah , Deyrah I , Durda , Jazireh-ye Dara , ※ SOURCE for Achearine « Achearine » next to « Derah » in {map#1068 Part of the Coast of Persia from Ras Tuloop to Bushire, Brucks and Robert Cogan, 1826, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3635/41, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Daira « Daira » in {map#1016 Persian Gulf. Western Sheet, Constable and Stiffe, 1917, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837b} «Daira island is low and partly swampy; it lies 3 miles S.W. of Banna, and there is a deep water khor between them, running to the southward, called Khor Wásta. Aich Shaham, a sand-bank lying southward of this island, is steep-to. To the northward of these islands are many banks with deep channels between, lying on the east side of Khor Músa, which have not been explored; the channels have in places 15 fathoms and upwards. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p.293 ※ SOURCE for Derabenna petit îlot « Derabenna petit îlot » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Derah « Derah » in {map#1068 Part of the Coast of Persia from Ras Tuloop to Bushire, Brucks and Robert Cogan, 1826, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3635/41, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Deyrah I « Deyrah I. » in {map#1060 Persia, Afghanistan, and Belouchistan., Philip, George, 1910, david Rumsey Map Collection list no: 15487.080} ※ SOURCE for Durda « Durda » in {map#1092 A draught of the gulf of Persia from cape Rosulgatt to Busero river, Anonymous English, 1721, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE SH 18 PF 209 DIV 2 P 11 D} see AHduGP map 91 Jazireh-ye Lavan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3073009 coordinate: lat 26.8108 long 53.25 NIMA/GNS names: Bu Shuaib Island , Bushoeyb , Jazireh Sheikh Shoaib , Jazireh-ye Lavan , Jazireh-ye Sheykh Sho`eyb , Jezirat Sheikh-Shuaib , Levan Island , Shaik Shuaib Island , Shaikh Shu`aib Island , بوشيب , جزيره لاوان , جزيرۀ شيخ شعيب , VARIANT names: Busheab or Sheik Sihaib , dellara , I. Lara , Jazireh-ye Lavan , Jezviat Sheikh-Shuaib , laçer , Lar , Lar I. , Laraque , Larec , Lareca , Larek , Lareque , Larre , Lavàn , Sagdiana I. , Seikh Aba-Su'aib , Shaik Shuaib Island , Shaikh Shu'aib island , Sheigh Shuaib , Sheykh Sho'eyb , Shie or Shiche , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Sheigh Shuaib FOR Sophtha [A. Hotz, Tomaschek], ※ SOURCE for Busheab or Sheik Sihaib « BUSHEAB, OR SHEIK SIHAIB, in lat. 26° 48' N. and extending from lon. 53° 19' to 53° 31' E., next to Kishm is the largest island in the gulf, of middling height and level, with groves of date trees, particularly on the side next the main; it is inhabited, and subject to the Sheik of Nakelo. The channel between it and the main, is 6 or 7 nuties wide in the middle, and more at each end; at the eastern entrance of which, about over from the island, there lies a small sand bank, about a mile in length, and very narrow, having only 2 fathoms water on it, with 10 fathoms within a mile of it to the northward, and 20 fathoms or more about mid-channel. From about the middle of the south side of the island, a shoal extends to the S. W. with 8, 7, 5 and 3 fathoms rocks upon it, and 23 fathoms mud close to its edge, not above a mile off shore. The Benares cruizer tacked upon it in 24 fathoms rocks, a town bearing true E. 9° N., the other extreme N. 38° W., not above a pistol shot off shore. A shoal also projects from the west end of the island to a considerable distance, said by some navigators to have 7 fathoms water on it, about 1 mile off the west end of the island, and to be 2 miles broad from north to south: but this reef is considered to be steep to, and dangerous, for a snow belonging to Bombay, not long ago, was wrecked on it, and her cargo seized by the Sheik. Not long after, one of the Company's Packets ran upon this island in the night and was wrecked. At the east end of the island there is good anchorage in 5 or 6 fathoms, where fresh water may be got, but the Sheik is a predatory chief, not to be trusted. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ p. 262 « Busheab » in Sketch to illustrate the memoir in #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G. B., Notes made on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1835 ~ after p. 263 ※ SOURCE for dellara « laçer, dellara [Portuguese name] Lär [Arab name] Sheikh Shu'aib [modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for I. Lara « I. Lara » in {map#966 Nieuwe kaart van 't Ryk van Persie, Isaak Tirion, 1750, Barry Lawrence Ruderman stock# 83617} see AHduGP map 53 « For some time at least the agreement was respected until 1583, when the Niquelus broke the peace agreement. Once again they were reported to commit acts of piracy to vessels coming from Basra to Hormuz near the island of Lara, which caused damage to the customs revenues. Since Couto calls the island Lara and not Lareca, which he also mentions in the same chapter and thus Lara is unlikely to be an error, he probably is referring to Laz, the main village on Abu Sho'eyb, another inhabited island in the Persian Gulf opposite Nakhilu. » #1812 ed. Dejanirah Couto and Rui M. Loureiro, Revisiting Hormuz: Portuguese Interactions in the Persian Gulf Region in the Early Modern Period, Harrassowitz, 2008 ~ p.94 « LARA, ilha de-v. Lar, ilha de. [Pedro Teixeira - Relações de...]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N, p. 183 ※ SOURCE for Jezviat Sheikh-Shuaib « Shaikh Shu'aib island Iran 26 48 53 15 Jezviat Sheikh – Shuaib, Sheykh Sho'eyb » #2823 United States. Office of Geography, A Gazetteer of Arabia, Iraq, Iran, and Parts of Pakistan, and India, 1948 ~ p. 247 ※ SOURCE for laçer « laçer, dellara [Portuguese name] Lär [Arab name] Sheikh Shu'aib [modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Lar « laçer, dellara [Portuguese name] Lär [Arab name] Sheikh Shu'aib [modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Lar I. « Lar I. » in {map#989 Description de l'Empire du Sophi des Perses tirée en partie de l'Arabe de Nubie, Nicolas Sanson, 1658, Sanderus, Item Number: 28477} see AHduGP map 62 « LAR, ilha de-A ilha Larak ou Jezirat Larak, em 26° 51' lat. N. e 56° 21' long. E., no estreito de Ormuz. Pedro Teixeira, porém, nas suas Relações, não aplica aquele topónimo à ilha Larak, mas sim à Sheikh Shuaib, em 26° 48' lat. N. e 53° 15' long. E., no golfo Pérsico, cujo porto principal conserva o nome de Laz. » [LAR, island of -The island Larak or Jezirat Larak, at 26° 51' lat. N. and 56° 21' long. E., in the Strait of Hormuz. Pedro Teixeira, however, in his Relations, does not apply that toponym to Larak Island, but to Sheikh Shuaib, at 26° 48' lat. N. and 53° 15' long. E., on the Persian Gulf, whose main port retains the name of Laz.] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 183 « LAR, ilha de-A ilha Larak ou Jezirat Larak, em 26° 51' lat. N. e 56° 21' long. E., no estreito de Ormuz. Pedro Teixeira, porém, nas suas Relações, não aplica aquele topónimo à ilha Larak, mas sim à Sheikh Shuaib, em 26° 48' lat. N. e 53° 15' long. E., no golfo Pérsico, cujo porto principal conserva o nome de Laz. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N, p. 183 ※ SOURCE for Laraque « LARAQUE, ilha de-v. Lar, ilha de. [Fernão Lopes de Castanheda--- História do descobrimento e conquista da India pelos Portugueses]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N, p. 183 ※ SOURCE for Larec « LAREC, ilha de-v. Lar, ilha de. [Manuel de Faria e Sousa - Asia Portuguesa]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N, p. 184 ※ SOURCE for Lareca « For some time at least the agreement was respected until 1583, when the Niquelus broke the peace agreement. Once again they were reported to commit acts of piracy to vessels coming from Basra to Hormuz near the island of Lara, which caused damage to the customs revenues. Since Couto calls the island Lara and not Lareca, which he also mentions in the same chapter and thus Lara is unlikely to be an error, he probably is referring to Laz, the main village on Abu Sho'eyb, another inhabited island in the Persian Gulf opposite Nakhilu. » #1812 ed. Dejanirah Couto and Rui M. Loureiro, Revisiting Hormuz: Portuguese Interactions in the Persian Gulf Region in the Early Modern Period, Harrassowitz, 2008 ~ p.94 « LARECA, ilha de- v. Lar, ilha de. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N, p. 184 ※ SOURCE for Larek « LAREK, ilha-v. Lar, ilha de. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N, p. 184 ※ SOURCE for Lareque « LAREQUE, ilha-v. Lar, ilha de. [João de Barros-Da Asia]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N, p. 184 ※ SOURCE for Larre « Larre » in {map#997 [Carte anglaise du golfe Persique] / Made by John Thornton at the Signe of the Platt in the Minories, John Thornton, 1699, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 5 RES} see AHduGP map 87 ※ SOURCE for Lavàn « Sïrâf was the only major exception down to the eleventh century. It served as the principal port of the Sasanian empire, as was already said. After the Arab victory over the Sasanians, Basra was founded at the Shatt al-'Arab and became another important port besides Sïrâf. But seagoing vessels often avoided coastal sites, preferring to call at one of the many islands instead. Therefore, places like Khârk, Lâvàn, Qais, and Qishm were apt to take over key positions in maritime trade; they were considered safe and were conveniently located on or near the principle route through the Gulf.(27) fn. 27. Eckart Ehlers, Iran: Grundzuge einer geographischen Landeskunde (Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1980), p. 12.» #2023 Ralph Kauz and Roderich Ptak, Hormuz in Yuan and Ming sources, Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient, ~ p.34 ※ SOURCE for Sagdiana I. « Sagdiana I. Busheab [place] 26 48 N [lat.] 53 23 E [long.] 24 [no. of map] » #2678 Alexander George Findlay, A classical atlas to illustrate ancient geography, W. Tegg and Company, 1847 ~ index p.35 ※ SOURCE for Seikh Aba-Su'aib « Die andere Insel, welche Perlenfischereien besitzt, vos papyapini (Orthagoras § 57) oder, wie Nearch bei Strabo p. 767 sich ausdrückt, ἐν ? μαργαρίτης πολ?ς κα? πολυτίμητος ἐστιν, heisst jetzt Insel des Seikh Aba-Su'aib; etwa 500 Araber be- treiben mit 25 Booten den Perlenfang. [The other island, which has pearl fisheries, vos papyapini (Orthagoras § 57) or, as Nearch in Strabo p. 767 expresses itself, ἐν ? μαργαρίτης πολ?ς κα? πολυτίμητος ἐστιν, now called island of Seikh Aba-Su'aib; around 500 Arabs hunt for pearls in 25 boats. ] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 ~ p. 55 ※ SOURCE for Shaikh Shu'aib island « Shaikh Shu'aib island Iran 26 48 53 15 Jezviat Sheikh – Shuaib, Sheykh Sho'eyb » #2823 United States. Office of Geography, A Gazetteer of Arabia, Iraq, Iran, and Parts of Pakistan, and India, 1948 ~ p. 247 ※ SOURCE for Sheigh Shuaib « Sheigh Shuaib [Admiralty]» #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ De plaatsnamen door Roobacker genoemd en de overeenkomstige op oudere en nieuwere kaarten. [The place names mentioned by Robacker and the corresponding ones on older and newer maps.] table after p. 380 ※ SOURCE for Sheykh Sho'eyb « Shaikh Shu'aib island Iran 26 48 53 15 Jezviat Sheikh – Shuaib, Sheykh Sho'eyb » #2823 United States. Office of Geography, A Gazetteer of Arabia, Iraq, Iran, and Parts of Pakistan, and India, 1948 ~ p. 247 ※ SOURCE for Shie or Shiche « and the same day we arrived at an Iland, called Shie, which is under the Portugals: and upon the West end of it are two companies of Date Trees, and two round Knobs like two Hay-cocks, and it is a plaine Iland. The aforesaid seventh day at night, wee came to an Anchor at Shie: and to the South of it lyeth a small Iland, where they fish for Pearles. The eight day wee went on shoare there. The ninth day, we departed from Shiche, » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 458 Jazireh-ye- Nakhilu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3076344 coordinate: lat 27.8224 long 51.471537 NIMA/GNS names: Jazireh-ye-Nakhilu , Nakhilu , نخيلو , VARIANT names: J Mongela , J. da palmeira , Jazireh-ye- Nakhilu , Menkeli , Monakillah I , Mongella , Monjellah , Monquelay islands , Mukhaila , Mukheilah , Om-en-chale , Palmeira , Umm-el-Nakheela , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Jazireh-ye- Nakhilu FOR Ras al-chel [Tomaschek], ※ SOURCE for J Mongela « J Mongela » in {map#968 Golf van Persien, from, 1690s, Nationaal Archief, 4.VELH 156.2.14} ※ SOURCE for J. da palmeira « J. da palmeira » in {map#834 Eastern Africa, Arabia, and India, Fernão Vaz Dourado, 1550-1575, The Huntington Library HM41 fol11} see PMC vol. 3 EST 269 and AHduGP map 34 « The small island of Monjella, as it is called in the English charts, lies from four to five leagues south-south-west of the point called Ras Berdistan by the natives, and the nearest part of the main land bears from it east-north-east about a league and a half. This island is called Umm-el-Nakheela, or the mother of palm trees: from a mother, the root, or primary cause: and Je the palm or date tree." This is literally the same as the Palmeira of the Portuguese: and it is highly probable that. in giving this name to it, they meant it to be a translation of the native one, which they found characteristic of the spot to which it was affixed. It is also the same as the Om-en-chále of Niebuhr, though he makes it a place on the continent, and not an island. The difference in sound between these names is not so great as in their orthography: but the manner of writing the last, proves decidedly that Mr. Niebuhr was not aware of the derivation of the name; and his placing it on the continent is equally a proof that his information was from report; for, if he had passed near to it, he would have seen an island as large as Shitwar, covered with date trees, and thus explaining the etymology of its name. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971 ~ p. 437 ※ SOURCE for Jazireh-ye- Nakhilu « Omm ol Karam (Qurma) (27°50'N., 51°33'E.) and Nakhilu (27°49'N., 51°28'E.) are low islets lying on an extensive shoal. Nakhilu is recognized by a square, stone tomb in the middle of the islet. A shoal, with a least depth of 3.7m, extends about 18 miles SE from Nakhilu. A drying bank of sand over rock, of which Ras ol Motaf is the extremity, lies on this shoal. 14.15 This drying bank has been reported to extend further W and S than charted. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 298 ※ SOURCE for Menkeli « Menkeli » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Monakillah I « Monakillah I » in #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882, ~ table XV ※ SOURCE for Mongella « RAS BERDISTAN, OR CAPE BERDISTAN, in lat. 27° 58' N. lon. 51° 26 E., is a remarkable headland, easily known by the Hills or Hummocks of Kenn, visible 15 leagues in clear weather, which are situated close to it; and to the southward, at 4 or 5 miles dis- tance, there is a small island covered with trees, called Mongella, or Monjellah. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ vol 1 2 ed. P. 264 ※ SOURCE for Monjellah « RAS BERDISTAN, OR CAPE BERDISTAN, in lat. 27° 58' N. lon. 51° 26 E., is a remarkable headland, easily known by the Hills or Hummocks of Kenn, visible 15 leagues in clear weather, which are situated close to it; and to the southward, at 4 or 5 miles dis- tance, there is a small island covered with trees, called Mongella, or Monjellah. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ vol 1 2 ed. P. 264 ※ SOURCE for Monquelay islands « fn. 1 'Monquelay' islands are almost certainly those of Nakhilu and Jabrin. Curzon's map of Persia calls the former Mokeileh, and Chesney's: map of Arabia and Syria has Monnkilah. Stein's and the War Office map referred to in the previous note show large sandbanks in their neighbourhood. » #385 ed. Fawcett, The Travels of the Abbe Carre in India and the near east 1672 to 1674, Hakluyt Society, London, 1947 ~ vol.1 pp. 95 ※ SOURCE for Mukhaila « Mukhaila » in {map#1016 Persian Gulf. Western Sheet, Constable and Stiffe, 1917, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837b} ※ SOURCE for Mukheilah « am Aussenrande die langgestreckte Sanddüne Omm an-Nakheilah, vulgo Mukheilah genannt (vgl. Ras al-chel bei Balbi), mit zwei ragenden Dattelpalmen, daher auf portugiesischen Seekarten als ylha da Palmeira verzeichnet [on the outer edge the elongated sand dune Omm an-Nakheilah, commonly called Mukheilah (cf. Ras al-chel near Balbi), with two towering date palms, therefore listed as ylha da Palmeira on Portuguese nautical charts] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 59 ※ SOURCE for Om-en-chale « The small island of Monjella, as it is called in the English charts, lies from four to five leagues south-south-west of the point called Ras Berdistan by the natives, and the nearest part of the main land bears from it east-north-east about a league and a half. This island is called Umm-el-Nakheela, or the mother of palm trees: from a mother, the root, or primary cause: and Je the palm or date tree." This is literally the same as the Palmeira of the Portuguese: and it is highly probable that. in giving this name to it, they meant it to be a translation of the native one, which they found characteristic of the spot to which it was affixed. It is also the same as the Om-en-chále of Niebuhr, though he makes it a place on the continent, and not an island. The difference in sound between these names is not so great as in their orthography: but the manner of writing the last, proves decidedly that Mr. Niebuhr was not aware of the derivation of the name; and his placing it on the continent is equally a proof that his information was from report; for, if he had passed near to it, he would have seen an island as large as Shitwar, covered with date trees, and thus explaining the etymology of its name. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971 ~ p. 437 ※ SOURCE for Palmeira « Palmeira» in {map#990 Golfe Persique. Dresse en 1758 et publie en 76, Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon, 1776, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 2603.025} see AHduGP map 75 ※ SOURCE for Umm-el-Nakheela « The small island of Monjella, as it is called in the English charts, lies from four to five leagues south-south-west of the point called Ras Berdistan by the natives, and the nearest part of the main land bears from it east-north-east about a league and a half. This island is called Umm-el-Nakheela, or the mother of palm trees: from a mother, the root, or primary cause: and Je the palm or date tree." This is literally the same as the Palmeira of the Portuguese: and it is highly probable that. in giving this name to it, they meant it to be a translation of the native one, which they found characteristic of the spot to which it was affixed. It is also the same as the Om-en-chále of Niebuhr, though he makes it a place on the continent, and not an island. The difference in sound between these names is not so great as in their orthography: but the manner of writing the last, proves decidedly that Mr. Niebuhr was not aware of the derivation of the name; and his placing it on the continent is equally a proof that his information was from report; for, if he had passed near to it, he would have seen an island as large as Shitwar, covered with date trees, and thus explaining the etymology of its name. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971 ~ p. 437 Jazireh-ye Qeshm : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3758686 coordinate: lat 26.768279 long 55.808246 NIMA/GNS names: Gheshm , Jazirat at Tavilah , Jazirat-at-Tawila , Jazireh-e Qeshm , Jazireh-e Tavileh , Jazireh-ye Qeshm , Qishm Island , جَزيرَت التَّويلَه , جَزيرِهِ تَويلِه , جزيره قشم , غِشم , VARIANT names: Bani Kawan , Barkavan , Ben-Caûan , Boreche , Broct , Ceixeme , Chia Hu-lu-mo-ssu , Djazira , I. Chisme , Jazireh-ye Qeshm , Kescm , Kesem , Kishm , Kiskinisek I. , Kismiche I , Kismis , Läft , Oaracta , Oarakta , Qeshm (island) , Qishm , Queʃome , queixome , Quixome , ※ SOURCE for Bani Kawan « In the Muslim geographers the modern al-Aḥsa' was called Baḥrayn, the name Uwäl being given to one of the islands now called Bahrayn, Hindarābi was Abrun, Kishm was Läft, Djazira. Bani Kawan, or Barkawan, and Shaykh Shu'ayb was Lawan, Lån or Lär. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden ~ vol. 1 p. 927 ※ SOURCE for Barkavan « Sometime about the year A.H. 133 (750-1 A.D.) al-Saffah had despatched an expedition under Khazim b. Khuzayma al-Khurasani largely made up of Khurasanis and Tamim from Basra to deal with the remnants of the Sufriya who had finally entrenched themselves in the island of Barkavan (Laft Island). On hearing of the expedition's approach the majority of the Sufriya fled with their Imam to nearby Oman: and it is a measure of Ibadi-Sufriya feeling that the former immediately marched out against the refugees, defeating them and killing their leader. » #1341 Wilkinson, John C., The Julanda of Oman., Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1975 1:97-108 ~ p. 102 « In the Muslim geographers the modern al-Aḥsa' was called Baḥrayn, the name Uwäl being given to one of the islands now called Bahrayn, Hindarābi was Abrun, Kishm was Läft, Djazira. Bani Kawan, or Barkawan, and Shaykh Shu'ayb was Lawan, Lån or Lär. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden ~ vol. 1 p. 927 « 158. In der Geschichte der muslimischen Eroberungen heisst die Insel Kischm Barkâwân (Belâdzory S. 385 und 391; vgl. Ym. VI, 465). Dafür sagt man auch Bâny-Kâwân, und Ibn Kalby behauptet, dass diese Banû-Kâwan ein Zweig des 'Abd al-Qaysstammmes sind. Mas'udy cap. 14 berichtet, man heisse sie auch Lâfit. Das Dorf Lâfit, wovon sie diesen Namen hat, liegt im Norden der Insel. Er erwähnt auch das benachbarte Hingâm, wo die Schiffe Wasser ein- nehmen. Auch Ibn Chord. kannte sie unter dem Namen Bany-Kâwân und gibt ihre Grösse an, doch ist der Text lückenhaft und muss aus Idrysy's Citat ergänzt werden wie folgt: Längenausdehnung 18 Farsangen und Breite 3 Farsangen. » [158. In the history of the Muslim conquests the island is called Kishm Barkâwân (Belâdzory pp. 385 and 391; cf. Ym. VI, 465). This is also called Bâny-Kâwân, and Ibn Kalby claims that these Banû-Kâwan are a branch of the 'Abd al-Qays tribe. Mas'udy cap. 14 reports that they are also called Lafit. The village of Lâfit, from which it takes its name, is located in the north of the island. He also mentions the neighboring Hingam where the ships take water. Also Ibn Chord. knew her under the name Bany-Kâwân and gives her size, but the text is incomplete and must be supplemented from Idrysy's citation as follows: length 18 farsangs and width 3 farsangs.] #1332 Sprenger, A., Die alte Geographie Arabiens, Commissionsverlag Von Huber als Comp; Meridian Publising Co., Bern; Amsterdam, 1875;1966 ~ p. 121 ※ SOURCE for Ben-Caûan « 1. Dans l’Édrisi, sixième partie du second climat, la longueur de Kesem ou de Kismis, sous le nom d’isle de Ben-Caûan, est marquée de cinquante-deux milles’ (d’Anville 1764:136).m » #2840 D Potts, The tools of an Enlightenment geographer: Unmasking the sources in Bourguignon d’Anville’s1758 treatise on the Persian Gulf, in: Edited by Jebrael Nokandeh and Abdolreza Dashtizadeh, The Persian Gulf, an Archaeological Perspective, National Museum of Iran, Qeshm, 2019, ~ p. 348 ※ SOURCE for Boreche « La favella di queste genti è alla persiana e l'isola sopradetta si chiama Boreche,(487) ch'è grande come quella di Candia per lunghezza 488) e vi sono da 360 casali grossi senza i piccioli.(489) fn. 487. È l'italianizzazione di Barkawan, nome medioevale arabo dell'isola di Qishm (A. T.; Encycl. Islam). Presentemente l'isola è chiamata, oltre che Qishm, anche al-Gazirat al-Tawilah (Isola lunga). L'editore del Barbosa, M. L. Dames, non ha riconosciuto in Beroaquem del Barbosa (op. cit., p. 76, n. 1) la forma storpiata di Barkawan e la crede invece corrispondente alle isole Bahrein, non riuscendo così a spiegare come mai, dopo la costa persiana, Barbosa passi a nominare località della costa araba. Su Qishm cf. CURZON, op. cit., pp. 11 e 410-3. » [The speech of these people is Persian and the aforementioned island is called Boreche,(487) which is as large as Candia in length 488) and there are 360 large hamlets without the small ones.(489) fn. 487. It is the Italianisation of Barkawan, the medieval Arabic name of the island of Qishm (A.T.; Encycl. Islam). Presently the island is called, in addition to Qishm, also al-Gazirat al-Tawilah (Long Island). The editor of Barbosa, M. L. Dames, did not recognize in Beroaquem del Barbosa (op. cit., p. 76, n. 1) the mangled form of Barkawan and believes it instead corresponds to the Bahrain Islands, thus failing to explain how never, after the Persian coast, does Barbosa name places on the Arabian coast. On Qishm cf. CURZON, op. cit., pp. 11 and 410-3.] ※ SOURCE for Broct « The Isle of Queixome, or Broct, lies along the Persian coast, parted from it by a narrow sound. It is five-and-twenty leagues long, and from two to three wide.8 » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ p. 161 « BROCT, ilha de-v. Brokht, ilha. BROKHT, ilha - Nome remoto da ilha Kishm ou Queixome, em 26° 58' lat. N. e 55° 50' long. E., à entrada do golfo Pérsico. [Hobson-Jobson]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 126 ※ SOURCE for Ceixeme « Ceixerne, queixome [Portuguese name] Qishrn [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Chia Hu-lu-mo-ssu « 72 [False Hormuz]. Qishm Island, c. 26° 48' N, 55° 53' E. [f. 22] » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 1 p. 188 ※ SOURCE for Djazira « In the Muslim geographers the modern al-Aḥsa' was called Baḥrayn, the name Uwäl being given to one of the islands now called Bahrayn, Hindarābi was Abrun, Kishm was Läft, Djazira. Bani Kawan, or Barkawan, and Shaykh Shu'ayb was Lawan, Lån or Lär. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden ~ vol. 1 p. 927 ※ SOURCE for I. Chisme « I. Chisme » in {map#997 [Carte anglaise du golfe Persique] / Made by John Thornton at the Signe of the Platt in the Minories, John Thornton, 1699, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 5 RES} see AHduGP map 87 ※ SOURCE for Kescm « Ed ordi- nai a Ghulamali che andasse egli solo in Hormuz, per via di un altro porto, lontano da noi circa due giornate, ma più indietro, donde si traghetta all'isola di Kescm, nella quale all'ora di pre- sente si faceva la guerra, essendovi i. [And I ordered Ghulamali to go alone to Hormuz, by way of another port, about two days away from us, but farther back, from where he ferries to the island of Kescm, where at the present time was waging war, being there.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 292 ※ SOURCE for Kesem « 1. Dans l’Édrisi, sixième partie du second climat, la longueur de Kesem ou de Kismis, sous le nom d’isle de Ben-Caûan, est marquée de cinquante-deux milles’ (d’Anville 1764:136).m » #2840 D Potts, The tools of an Enlightenment geographer: Unmasking the sources in Bourguignon d’Anville’s1758 treatise on the Persian Gulf, in: Edited by Jebrael Nokandeh and Abdolreza Dashtizadeh, The Persian Gulf, an Archaeological Perspective, National Museum of Iran, Qeshm, 2019, ~ p. 348 ※ SOURCE for Kishm « KISHM (Djazira-yi Kishm, or in Arabic, Djazira al-Tawila, "the long island") is the largest island in the Persian Gulf. It lies off the southern (Läristan) coast of Persia between Linga and Bandar 'Abbas [g.v.], and is separated from the mainland by Clarence Strait, the width of which varies from three to twelve miles. The island measures nearly 70 miles in length, from north-east to south-west, and an average of seven miles in breadth (20 miles at its widest point). Its general formation is that of an eroded, sloping plateau, inclining northwards from a sharp, rocky scarp onthe seaward side. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Brill, Leiden, 1986 ~ vol. 5 p. 183 « Let us proceed to the southern side of the island of Kishm. Between the town of Kishm and Angar Island the coast hollows until you arrive off a small town, near which is a rained- pagoda, and about five leagues from Kishm; it then runs tolerably straight to the point opposite Angar, which, being foul, with irregular soundings, must be approach-ed with great caution. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 34 ※ SOURCE for Kiskinisek I. « Kiskinisek I. » in {map#1007 Regno di Persia, Rossi, Giovanni Giacomo de, 1679, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 11438.152} see AHduGP map 64 ※ SOURCE for Kismiche I « I. Kismiche » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 « Kismiche I » in {map#900 L'Arabia Divisa in Petrea, Deserta, e Felice, G. Titteri ser, 1784, Atlante novissimo vol. 4} ※ SOURCE for Kismis « April 26, Monday morning. At sun-rise we weighed anchor and /left/ the roadstead of Gamron and sailed away with a E. N. E. wind. The course was to sail between Lareecque and Kismis in order to be returned to Chassab in this way, which is situated on the Arab coast. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 132:289-307 ~ pp. 298 ※ SOURCE for Läft « In the Muslim geographers the modern al-Aḥsa' was called Baḥrayn, the name Uwäl being given to one of the islands now called Bahrayn, Hindarābi was Abrun, Kishm was Läft, Djazira. Bani Kawan, or Barkawan, and Shaykh Shu'ayb was Lawan, Lån or Lär. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden ~ vol. 1 p. 927 ※ SOURCE for Oaracta « Boats from all parts of the gulf come to Kishm for wood...This was called by the ancients Oaractao » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 p. 277 ※ SOURCE for Oarakta « An Achaemenid presence in the Persian Gulf in that age is further confirmed by the fact that the Macedonian admiral Nearchos actually met the "governor of the country" (hyparchos tes khores) of Harmozeia, present Hormuz, which belonged to Carmania (Arr. Ind. XXXIII, 8) (36). Some problems, on the contrary, are posed by the second "governor" met by Nearchos (Arr. Ind. XXXVII, 2), the governor of the Island of Oarakta, identified by Tomaschek and Herzfeld as present-day Qeshm: it is interesting to note that this governor bore the Persian name of Mazenes, and guided the fleet towards the West. Potts has stressed that the interpretation of the term hy parchos is far from straightforward, and particularly the fact that Mazenes leaves Oarakta in order to guide the fleet "hardly sounds like the behaviour of a high-ranking Achaemenid official" (37). fn. 36 Cf. Schiwek 1962, 74. fn. 37 Cf. Potts 2005, 11. » #3444 Callieri, Pierfrancesco, Maritime and Overland Routes around the Persian Gulf in the Achaemenid Period in Monumentum Gregorianum. Sbornik nauchnyx statej pamjati akademika Grigorija Maksimovicha Bongard-Levina, 2013 ~ pp. 128-9 ※ SOURCE for Qeshm (island) All the variant names are associated with Qeshm (island). ※ SOURCE for Qishm « To support the resident in his role, the British assigned a naval squadron to the Gulf to patrol its waters—a practice known as “watch and cruise.” The Gulf Squadron was under the command of the Senior Naval Officer in the Persian Gulf and was headquartered at the entrance to the Gulf, first on Qishm Island (1821–63, 1869–1911) and then on neighboring Henjam Island (1911–35). When Reza Shah began to reassert Iranian sovereignty over the northern tier of the Gulf in the 1920s and 1930s, the British moved the squadron’s headquarters across the Gulf to Ras al-Jufair on Bahrain Island (1935–71). » #1672 Onley, James, Britain’s Informal Empire in the Gulf, 1820-–1971, Journal of Social Affairs, 2005 ~ p. 31 ※ SOURCE for Queʃome « for the Sea hindered the Ship from coming about, though the Wind was then at Eafts and we flood in to Queʃome, near which about a quarter after two, we came to an Anchor in feven and twenty Fathom water, to the South of that Ifland; fo that we put back again above a League. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thevenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 185 ※ SOURCE for queixome « Ceixerne, queixome [Portuguese name] Qishm [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 100 « Qveixome » in #1644 Livro de Lisuarte de Abreu, Comissão Nacional para as Comemorações dos Descobrimentos Portugueses, Lisboa, 1992 ~ illustration f.83v-84, bottom right of latter folio ※ SOURCE for Quixome « QUIXOME, ilha de - V. Queixome, ilha de. [Manuel de Faria e Sousa – Ásia, Portuguesa]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 95 Jazireh-ye Shatvar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3085201 coordinate: lat 26.7899 long 53.4103 NIMA/GNS names: Jazireh-ye Shatvar , Jazireh-ye Shatvar , Jazireh-ye Shitvar , Jazireh-ye Shotur , Shitvar Island , جزيرۀ شتور , جزيرۀ شتور , جزيرۀ شيتوار , جزیره شتوار , VARIANT names: Cailon , Chituar , Çitwar , Jazireh-ye Shatvar , Outequare , Sat[w?]ar , Schittuar , Shittow , Shitvar , Shitwar , ※ SOURCE for Cailon « E dopo haver fatto vela tutta la seguente notte, a i due giorni del mese di Maggio arri- vammo al Cailon, (459) ch'è un'isola bassa, la quale per ostro ne stava vicina ad un'altra detta Lar, (460) 458. Errato per Barifaris; Bahr i-Fars è il nome persiano del Golfo Persico. 459. Dovrebbe essere l'isola di Shatwar e forse Cailon è il nome di un villaggio in essa. 460. Molto probabilmente il villaggio di Laz nell'isola di Shaikh Shu'aib. [And after having sailed all the following night, on the two days of the month of May we arrived at Cailon, (459) which is a low island, which by east was close to another called Lar, (460 ) 458. Erroneous for Barifaris; Bahr i-Fars is the Persian name for the Persian Gulf. 459. It should be the island of Shatwar and perhaps Cailon is the name of a village in it. 460. Most likely the village of Laz in the island of Shaikh Shu'aib.] » #1572 Pinto, Olga, Viaggi d i C. Federici e G. Balbi alle Indie Orientali, Istituto Poligrafico Dello Stato, Rome, 1962 ~ p. 115 ※ SOURCE for Chituar « Não ha muitos annos ~ue no estreito de Ormuz, em a costa da Arabia, houve dIssensões grandes entre duas linhagens de arabios, pescadores de aljofar, que em sua linguagem se chamam cabildas, nomeados uns Alimoeiros e outros Niquelús (1). fn. 1 Os Alimoeiros conjecturo que serão os da aldeia Limah na costa arabica de Kalhat, ao sul do cabo Mesandan. A costa opposta do Laristan é habitada por diversas tribus de arabes, inüependentes, e sob seus respectivos cheiks. São quasi todos piratas, e vivem em pequenas aldeias na ourela do Golpho Persico. Uma destas é Nikilú, defronte da pequena ilha de Chituar e a poucas leguas de Lara. » [Not many years ago, in the Strait of Hormuz, on the coast of Arabia, there were big differences between two lineages of Arabs, fishermen of aljofar, which in their language are called cabildas, named as Alimoeiros and other Niquelús (1) fn. 1 The Alimoeiros I conjecture to be those of the Limah village on the Arabian coast of Kalhat, south of Cape Mesandan. The opposite coast of Laristan is inhabited by several tribes of Arabs, independent and under their respective sheiks. They are almost all pirates, and they live in small villages on the edge of the Persian Gulf. One of these is Nikilú, opposite the small island of Chituar and a few leagues from Lara.] #712 Francisco Rodrigues Silveira, ed. A. de Sousa Silva Costa Lobo, Memorias de um Soldado da India, Imprensa Nacional-Casa Da Moeda, Lisbon, 1877 ~ p. 45 ※ SOURCE for Çitwar see source for « Shitwar » ※ SOURCE for Outequare « Outequare » in {map#997 [Carte anglaise du golfe Persique] / Made by John Thornton at the Signe of the Platt in the Minories, John Thornton, 1699, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 5 RES} see AHduGP map 87 ※ SOURCE for Sat[w?]ar « Sat[w?]ar » in {map#1097 19 Persia, Arabia, Felix, Hacke, William., 1690?, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. G2201.P5 H3 1690} ※ SOURCE for Schittuar SCHITTUAR, is a low small island, separated from the east end of Busheab by a channel about of a mile wide, in which there are 6 and 7 fathoms water; but a spit that projects from the S. E. end of Busheah, at the extremity of which there is only 3 fathoms, contracts the channel to a mile. The best track, is about, over from Schittuar, where the depth is 6 fathoms in mid-channel; but this passage is too contracted for large ships. In the channel between Schittuar and the main, the soundings are irregular over a rocky bottom, with ripplings; which, together with the shoal bank mentioned within Busheab, seem to render the inside channel not so safe as had been formerly supposed. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ p. 262 ※ SOURCE for Shittow « Shittow » in {map#1022 Persische Golf, Compiled by Jan de Marre. Published in Amsterdam by Johannes van Keulen, 1753, The Hague, Nationaal Archief, 4.VEL S6B 033 kaart(13)} ※ SOURCE for Shitvar « So far I have only mentioned once the port of Nakhilu, whence its residents acquired their Portuguese appellation. It is necessary to take a closer look at the role of this port, because it shows another, more peaceful side of the Niquelus. Nakhilu is situated on the Persian littoral opposite the island of Shitvar. ... Nearby also was the island of Abu Sho'eyb, which was subject to the Sheikh of Nakhilu, its nearest eastern point was only 1,200 meters away from Shitvar (31). fn. 31 James Horsburgh, India Directory or Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies (London, 1836), vol. 1, p. 343. » #1812 ed. Dejanirah Couto and Rui M. Loureiro, Revisiting Hormuz: Portuguese Interactions in the Persian Gulf Region in the Early Modern Period, Harrassowitz, 2008, ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Shitwar « Shitwar, een laag gelegen eilandje (26° 47' 19" N. B , 530 16 54" O.L. v. G., Mac Gregor) O. van Sheigh Shüaïb, waarvan het gescheiden js door een s/4 Zeemijl breede en 3 vadem diepe straat. Het is slechts één Zeemijl lang en een halve Zeem. breed, en is onbewoond. Door zijn onbeduidendheid wordt het doorgaans niet vermeld op oude kaarten, slechts op sommige Portugeesche komt het voor (Sitwar, Çitwar), Genthe geeft als afleiding: waterstraat, kanaal. Vincent plaatst hier het eiland waar Nearchus landde, daar het meer dan Sh. Shüaïb op zijn weg lag, van Kaikander (Hinderabi) komende. Op de kaarten, die aan Vincent ten dienste stonden, was dit eerder het geval dan in de werkelijkheid. Voor bevolking, hoe gering ook, is er ook wel geen plaats » [Shitwar, a low lying islet (26° 47' 19" N. B , 530 16 54" E. L. v. G., Mac Gregor) E. of Sheigh Shüaïb, from which it is separated by a s/4 nautical mile wide and 3 fathoms deep street. It is only one nautical mile long and half a nautical mile. wide, and is uninhabited. Because of its insignificance it is usually not mentioned on old maps, it only occurs on some Portuguese (Sitwar, Çitwar), Genthe gives as derivation: water street, canal. Vincent places here the island where Nearchus landed, as it is more than Sh. Shuaïb lay in his way, coming from Kaikander (Hinderabi). This was more likely to be the case on the maps available to Vincent than in reality. There is no room for population, no matter how small.] #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ p. 384 Jazireh-ye Sheykh Andarabi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: 10024114 coordinate: lat 26.923852 long 55.728646 NIMA/GNS names: Jazireh-ye Sheykh Andarabi , جزیره شیخ اندرابی , VARIANT names: Inderabia , Jazireh-ye Sheykh Andarabi , ※ SOURCE for Inderabia « Inderabia »marked on map {map#1039 Visit to Lingah, Kishm and Bunder Abbas by Lieutenant-Colonel Lewis Pelly, Lewis Pelly, 1864, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F126/67, ff 1-7} opoosite « Jazireh-ye Sheykh Andarabi » on Qeshm [0.75 km bearing 187 degrees from north end of « Jazireh-ye Sheykh Andarabi » remains of a jetty ?] « A small creek runs up to the town [Laft], close along the shore, in which the native vessels lie. Its entrance is at the south end of a low islet, called Hindarábi , which has a little ruin on it, and lies one mile South of Laft point, separated from the main island by a very narrow Channel. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 222-3 Jazireh-ye Shif : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067898 coordinate: lat 29.059 long 50.8783 NIMA/GNS names: Jazireh Sheif , Jazireh-ye Sheykh Sa`ad , Jazireh-ye Sheykh Sa`d , Jazireh-ye Shif , Shif , جزیره شيف , شيف , VARIANT names: Jazireh-ye Shif , Jebel Qahwan : arch. site OMN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 22.158556 long 59.346028 VARIANT names: Jebel Qahwan , ※ SOURCE for Jebel Qahwan « salvaged the vessel while tending his goats at Jabal Qahwān, southern Sharqiyya governorate, c. 17 km eastsouth-east of al-Kamil (findspot: 22°09’30.8”N, 59°20’45.7”E). » #2810 Paul A. Yule, An ʿAqaba/Ayla-type amphora in the sultanate of Oman, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2022 1-9 ~ p. 5 Jehjeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067926 coordinate: lat 31.798939 long 49.737631 NIMA/GNS names: Chehcheh , Chejeh , Jah Jah Halaliyan , Jehjeh , Jejeh , ججه , جه جه , VARIANT names: Jehjeh , Jeka ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.854475 long 58.710994 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Jeka ? , Jelin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3768336 coordinate: lat 36.854467 long 54.537856 NIMA/GNS names: Jelin , Jelin-e `Olya , Jelin-e Bala , Jelin-e Pa'in , جلین , جلین علیا , VARIANT names: Jeere , Jelin , ※ SOURCE for Jeere « This daye we came to Jeere [?], a very poor place, where ther is great store of woode. Here we picht by a riuer side, haueing traveled 7 [leagues]. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 48 Jenjan : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.225533 long 51.446533 VARIANT names: Jenjan , Jinjun , Qaleh Kali , Tape Suruvan , Tappeh Servan , ※ SOURCE for Jenjan « JENJAN, coll. Jenjun, “Jinjun,” village in the Dašt-e Rostam-e Yek plain, at the western end of the Fahliān area of the Mamasani region, western Fārs (lat. 30°13.532 N, long. 51°26.792 E, 844 m above sea-level; Razmārā, Farhang VII, p. 65). It has given its name to a small (ca. 30 x 5 m, 2 m high, 0.15 ha) archeological site of the Achaemenid period. Jinjun is ca. 125 km northwest of Shiraz and 290 km southeast of Ahwāz (Atarashi and Horiuchi, p. 1). Also known as Tappeh Servan or Qaleh Kali, Jinjun is site MS 46 in the recently completed archeological survey of the Dasht-e Rostam-e Yek and Do plains (Zeidi, McCall, and Khosrowzadeh, p. 166). » Encyclopaedia Iranica online on 10 October 2023 at online reference linkjenjan-COM_3986 ※ SOURCE for Jinjun see source « Jenjan » ※ SOURCE for Qaleh Kali see source « Jenjan » ※ SOURCE for Tape Suruvan « Tape Suruvan is a small mound situated at the edge of a hilly terrace, forming a rather rectangular mound of 75 m by 60 m, rising a few meters from the nearby surface. The excavations were conducted in a week from June 27 to July 3, 1959, » #3067 Yoshihiro Nishiaki, Fahlian (Tape Suruvan), Faras, Iran, Laboratory for Prehistoric Archaeology of West Asia, The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, 2020 ~ p. 1 « The investigated site. Tape Suruvan. is situated at the village of Jin Jin. about 6 km west of the town of Fahlian, and 125 km northwcst of Shiraz. Situated at the gateway from Elam to Fars. this srnall mound attracted visitors since the early 1900s. » #3065 Nishiaki, Yoshihiro, Japanese excavations in the Mrav Dasht Plain, Iran. In: Archaeological Research and Preservation of Cultural Heritage in Iran, edited by K. Yamauchi, N. Murakami and T. Kanai, Fuefuki: Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Teikyo University, 2020 ~ p. 19 ※ SOURCE for Tappeh Servan see source « Jenjan » Jereh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067950 coordinate: lat 29.246152 long 51.978394 NIMA/GNS names: Gereh , Jereh , Jireh , جره , گره , VARIANT names: Djerreh , Girre , Girsik , Guiere , Gurreh , Ishfagan , Ishforkan , Jereh , Jerre , Jerreh , Jireh , Jirrah , Jirreh , Jirshik , Jorreh , ※ SOURCE for Djerreh « Djerreh » in {map#1132 Abb. 1 Karte von Iranmit Eintragung der Routen und Karawanenbauten, , , #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~} Abb. 2 Karte von West- und Südwest-Iran mit Eintragung von Befunden « Djerreh » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} ※ SOURCE for Girre « B4 | Girre R?L? | 8 miles from Bala Deh | Vanden Berghe 1984, 213-14; Huff 1995 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, ~ Directory Map 94 Persis p. 1338 «Die Frage, ob die Ruine von Girre tatsächlich dem Mihr Narse zuzuschreiben ist, kann auch hier nicht beantwortet werden, da die unklare Formulierung bei Tabari eine Entscheidung anscheinend unmöglich macht. Er berichtet, daß Mihr Narse “aus einem Dorfe Abruwan, im Gau Dašt-i Barin im Kreise Ardašir-Churra” stammt; “dort und in Gireh im Kreise Šapur, der ja an den Gau Dašt-i Barin grenzt, hat er hohe Gebäude und auch einen Feuertempel angelegt, der noch heute bestehen und dessen Feuer noch bis jetzt brennen soll; man nennt ihn Mihr-Narsijan. In der Nähe von Abruwan legte er vier Dörfer an, in deren jedem er einen Feuertempel einrichtete...”. Die für eine weitere Diskussion entscheidend wichtige Lokalisierung von Abruwan ist bisher nicht gelungen. Selbst wenn jedoch Mihr Narses Tempelgründung auf den jetzigen Standort in Girre bezogen werden könnte, wäre damit die Datierung der Ruine nicht gesichert, solange nicht durch eine archäologische Untersuchung die spä tere Erneuerung eines Mihr Narse-Gebäudes ausgeschlossen werden kann. Für den Versuch einer Datierung können daher z.Z. nur die Merkmale des Cahartaqs selbst herangezogen werden. fn. 6 A. Godard, Les monuments du feu, Athar-e Iran 3, 1938, pp. 7ff. bes.: pp. 30ff. pp. 169ff. [The question of whether the ruins of Girre can actually be attributed to Mihr Narse cannot be answered here either, as the unclear wording in Tabari apparently makes a decision impossible. He reports that Mihr Narse comes “from a village of Abruwan, in the district of Dašt-i Barin in the district of Ardašir-Churra”; “There and in Gireh in the district of Šapur, which borders on the Gau Dašt-i Barin, he built tall buildings and also a fire temple, which still exists today and whose fire is said to burn to this day; he is called Mihr-Narsijan. He established four villages near Abruwan, in each of which he established a fire temple...". The localization of Abruwan, which is crucial for further discussion, has not yet been achieved. However, even if Mihr Narse's founding of the temple could be related to the current location in Girre, the dating of the ruin would not be certain unless an archaeological investigation can rule out the later renovation of a Mihr Narse building. To attempt dating, you can currently: only the characteristics of the Cahartaq itself are used. fn. 6 A. Godard, Les monuments du feu, Athar-e Iran 3, 1938, pp. 7ff. esp.: pp. 30ff. pp. 169ff.] » #3100 Huff, Dietrich, Beobachtungen zum Chahartaq und zur Topographie von Girre, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1995 vol. 30:pp. 71-92 ~ p. 72 ※ SOURCE for Girsik « Istakhri beschreibt auch den Nahr Girsik, heute Gereh, einen Neben- fluss des Ratin, und den Ikhsin, einen Nebenfluss des Giršik. Der Ratin ist danach ganz sicher der heutige Rüdkhane i Daleki, der Nahr Sabür ist der Fluss der Ruinenstadt Sähpür. Nach Auffassung des alten Geogra- phen ist also nicht ein Fluss der Nebenfluss des anderen, und das Delta die Mündung des vereinigten Flusses, sondern beide Flüsse haben eine Strecke gemeinsamen Laufes, um sich dann wieder zu trennen. [Istakhri also describes the Nahr Girsik, today Gereh, a tributary of the Ratin, and the Ikhsin, a tributary of the Giršik. The Ratin is definitely today's Rüdkhane i Daleki, the Nahr Sabür is the river of the ruined city of Sähpür. According to the old geographer's opinion, one river is not the tributary of the other, and the delta is the mouth of the unified river, but rather both rivers have a common course for a stretch and then separate again.] » #3048 Herzfeld, Ernst, Pasargadae: Aufnahmen und Untersuchungen zur persischen Archaeologie, Klio, 1907 ~ p. 8 ※ SOURCE for Guiere « Guierè 6 Farsangs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 492 ※ SOURCE for Gurreh « Gurreh - Attestations: Jorreh, along with Kazerun and Nobandegan, was recorded as an important town in Shapur Khurrah, which had been captured by the Arabs in the year 16/637(44). The mint signature GWR on the coins of Yazdgerd I is also thought to be representative of Gurreh (Islamic period Jorrah or Khorrah), although it may also represent Gur as well. Mochiri argues that Gur, the provincial capital of Ardashir Khurrah, used ART as its mint signature, not GWR. He suggests that GWR is, in fact, an abbreviated form of Gurreh, an important district and town in Shapur Khurrah. According to Tabari, Mehr Narsi, the minister of Yazdgerd I (399-420), Bahram V (420- 38) and Yazdgerd II (438-57) built fire temples in the village (?) of Jarreh in Shapur Khurrah. He also founded four other villages in this area, such as the village of Abruwan (see entry under Abruwan), erecting fire temples in each along with palin, olive and cypress gardens. These fire temples, gardens and villages were in the hand of Nersi descendants up until the 4th century A.H. One of these fire temples, referred to as Mehr Nersiyan, was still burning at Tabari's time. The fire temple of Jerreh was also still among the important fire temples of Fars in the 4th/10th century (Ist: 118; Hoq: 273; Hod. : 129) - Identification: The modern village of Jerreh, the center of a district with the same name, is located 64 km southeast of Kazerun. The Jerreh fire temple is located 11 km northeast of the village of Bala-Deh near Jerreh. fn. 44 Ibn-e Balkhi: 132 fn. 45 Mochiri, 1996: 72 fn. 46 Tabari, vol. V: 105 fn. 47 Schippmann, 1971: 139 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ pp. 13-14 ※ SOURCE for Ishfagan « Ishfagan (Jirreh) 14 m. General direction W. of N. Leaving Ab-i-Nau in an N.-N.-W. direction 28 » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 312 ※ SOURCE for Ishforkan « 9th April. From Ishforkan we proceeded about a mile to the village of Hassanabad, skirting the hills. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ pp. 182-3 ※ SOURCE for Jereh « Jereh | PPL | 29°15'N 51°58'E | IR07 | WN83 | NH39-11 » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vo. A-J p. 781 « Jereh » in {map#1198 in #3109 ed. St John Simpson, Sasanian Archaeology: Settlements, Environment and Material Culture, Archaeopress Archaeology, Oxford, 2022 ~ fig. Figure 1. Satellite photograph of south-west Iran giving the location of Tole Qaleh Seyfabad (TQS) and other important sites of the Sasanian period} ※ SOURCE for Jerre « Jerre » in {map#1160 Fig. 1 Location of Fahlian and other way-stations on the Royal Road (modified from Mostafavi 1967), , , #3067 Yoshihiro Nishiaki, Fahlian (Tape Suruvan), Faras, Iran, Laboratory for Prehistoric Archaeology of West Asia, The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, 2020 ~} ※ SOURCE for Jerreh « Jerreh was a town amidst an intensively irrigated agricultural region; above the town was a great fire-temple called Mihrnarsanjan. Tabari reports that this region was developed by Mihr Narsa, who built fire-temples and surrounded them with gardens of palms, olives and cypress trees and settlements (Schwarz, 1969: 69). The Sasanian ruins from Jerreh and Farrashband are reported by Godard (1938). » #3094 Donald Whitcomb, Trade and Tradition In Medieval Southern Iran - Thesis, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 1979 ~ p. 77 « Jerreh » in {map#1188 Map of Persia (in Six Sheets), Simla Drawing Office Survey of India, 1902, Geographicus, New York} ※ SOURCE for Jireh « Jireh; see Jereh » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vo. A-J p. 784 ※ SOURCE for Jirrah « Jirrah » in {map#1138 , Le Strange, , #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905 ~} Map 6 Provinces of Fars and Kirman « the third stage is 3 leagues to Jirrah » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ p. 885 « The Shapur river, up in the mountains, was joined on its left bank by the Ab-i-Jirrah, which, flowing down from the Maṣaram and Ghundijan districts, passes the city of Jirrah [31], which is some miles south-east of Kazirun. » #2866 Guy Le Strange, Mesopotamia and Persia under the Mongols in the Fourteenth Century A.D. from the Nuzhat-al-Kulub of Hamd-Allah Mustawfi, Royal Asiatic Society, 1903, ~ p. 69 ※ SOURCE for Jirreh « Ishfagan (Jirreh) 14 m. General direction W. of N. Leaving Ab-i-Nau in an N.-N.-W. direction 28 » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 312 ※ SOURCE for Jirshik « 8. Jirshik - from the area of Masarm, flowed through the area of al-Mushjan, flowed under the Qantara (weir, bridge) Sebuk, a bridge of cyclopaean stone masonry, watered the area of Jur, and in Dadhin flowed into the Ikhshin. Jirshik - modern Jereh, tributary of the Ratin and the Ikhshin (Herzfeld 1908: 8). Ibn al-Balkhi - Jirrah, » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 8 ※ SOURCE for Jorreh see source for « Gurreh » Jerg castle : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.148368 long 61.408571 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Old Castle of Jerg قلعه کهنه جرگ VARIANT names: Jerg castle , Jerya : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068008 coordinate: lat 34.4222 long 49.3771 NIMA/GNS names: Jerya , Jireya , Jiria , Jiriya , جيريا , VARIANT names: Jerya , Pa-i-Mil Giria , ※ SOURCE for Pa-i-Mil Giria « Here a road from the S.-W. joins the route, which at 7½ miles descends to a lower plateau. At 9½ miles a tea-shop and a small stream are passed. About here there is a changing station for horses at a place called Pa-i-Mil Giria. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 239 Jesheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055114 coordinate: lat 26.531722 long 54.856448 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Gasheh , Jesheh , بندر گشه , VARIANT names: Jesheh , Jisha , Yesha , ※ SOURCE for Jisha « Jisha » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} ※ SOURCE for Yesha « Yesha » in {map#1320 'tracing showing the route and coast line from Mogoo bay to the town of Bunder Abbas. (vide report no. 6 of 1864)' [?236a] (1/2) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, ST 393, vol 17, p 236a, in Qatar Digital Library, , 1864, } Jezirat Abu Ali : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3090769 coordinate: lat 27.3422222 long 49.5122222 NIMA/GNS names: Abu `Ali , Djezirat Abu Ali , Jazirat Abu `Ali , Jezirat Abu Ali , VARIANT names: Jezirat Abu Ali , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Jezirat Abu Ali FOR Ramat [Potts], Jezirat Daiyinah : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -782793 coordinate: lat 24.959167 long 52.399722 NIMA/GNS names: Daiyina , Daiyinah Island , Dayyina , Dayyinah , Jazirat Diyina , Jezirat Daiyinah , VARIANT names: Jezirat Daiyinah , ※ SOURCE for Jezirat Daiyinah « The insular possessions of the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi are the islands of Arzanah, Daiyinah, Dalmah, Das, Qarnain, Salali, Yas and Zirko » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 406 Jezirat Qarnain : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -783907 coordinate: lat 24.935278 long 52.849722 NIMA/GNS names: Al Qarnain , Al Qarnayn , Jazirat al Qarnayn , Jezirat Qarnain , Karnain Island , Qarnayn , Qarnein , VARIANT names: Jarnain , Jezirat Qarnain , ※ SOURCE for Jarnain « Jarnain » in {map#1096 Persia with a part of Cabul and the adjacent countries, Arrowsmith, Aaron Jr., 1828, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 0035.027} ※ SOURCE for Jezirat Qarnain « The insular possessions of the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi are the islands of Arzanah, Daiyinah, Dalmah, Das, Qarnain, Salali, Yas and Zirko » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 406 Jezzeh : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067888 coordinate: lat 28.9559 long 53.2158 NIMA/GNS names: Jazeh , Jezzeh , جزه , VARIANT names: Gheze , Gizi , Gizze , Guiezze , Jezzeh , ※ SOURCE for Gheze « Dopo 15.altre miglia paſſammo un' altro Karvanſerà, detto di Ghezè. [After another 15 miles we passed another Karvanſerà, called Ghezè.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 266 ※ SOURCE for Gizi « At 5 miles Gizi on the E. bank of the river. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 ※ SOURCE for Gizze « Gizze » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} « Recrossing to the opposite bank I found at Gizze village the beautiful domed tomb of a saint known as 'Pir Boke', dating from Timurid times as shown by fine marble tombstones of 790 A.H. (A.D. 1388) and 807 A.H. (A.D. 1404). » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 135 ※ SOURCE for Guiezze « Plus en avant est le caravansérail de Guiezzè, nommé ainsi du village devant lequel il est bâti. Auprès est un puits fort profond. [Further forward is the caravanserai of Guiezzè, named after the village in front of which it is built. Nearby is a very deep well.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 458 Jija : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3378241 coordinate: lat 32.8405556 long 61.9841667 NIMA/GNS names: Jija , Jija Sarai , Jijah , Jijeh , VARIANT names: Jeja , Jija , ※ SOURCE for Jeja « 23. Jeja (13 miles-273 miles 4 furlongs). A village on the left bank of the Adraskand. Road for the most part tortuous, rocky, and bad. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335 Jireh r. : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.264087 long 52.041794 VARIANT names: Jireh r. , ※ SOURCE for Jireh r. « Jireh r. » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, Shiraz H-39Q, , The University of Chicago} Jiroft : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068011 coordinate: lat 28.6702778 long 57.7369444 VARIANT names: Djiruft , Jiroft , Jiruft , Sabzevaran , ※ SOURCE for Djiruft EI IV:1a check The site of the old city of Djiruft is unknown but it must be near the present town of Sabzawaran, and some nearby ruins (Le Strange, 314) may be those of the old city. II:553b Encyclopaedia of Islam CD-ROM Edition v. 1.0 « C'est à l'époque seldjukide que commence à être décrite la route Kirman-Djiruft (34), inconnue des géographes arabes du xe siècle, celle-là même qu'empruntera à l'époque mongole Marco Polo. fn. (34), inconnue des géographes arabes du xe siècle, celle-là même qu'empruntera à l'époque mongole Marco Polo. Qâvurd améliora les communications du Kirmân avec l'Iran oriental. Il fit baliser la route du Sistân, dont les sables recouvraient parfois la piste, en y plantant à intervalles rappro- chés des bornes de plus de trois mètres de haut. [It was during the Seljuk period that the Kirman-Djiruft road (34) began to be described, unknown to the Arab geographers of the 10th century, the very one that Marco Polo would take during the Mongol period. fn. (34), unknown to the Arab geographers of the 10th century, the very one that Marco Polo would take during the Mongol period. Qâvurd improved communications between Kirmân and eastern Iran. He had the road to Sistan marked out, the track of which was sometimes covered by sand, by planting markers more than three meters high at close intervals.] » #891 Aubin, Jean, La ruine de Siraf et les routes du Golfe Persique aux XIe et XIIe siecles, Cahiers de civilisation medievale, Univ. de Poitiers, 1959, X-XII:3:295-301 ~ p. 300 ※ SOURCE for Jiruft #422 p. 2 ※ SOURCE for Sabzevaran #276 pl. 32 Jirshik : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.429385 long 52.160797 VARIANT names: Jirshik , ※ SOURCE for Jirshik « 8. Jirshik - from the area of Masarm, flowed through the area of al-Mushjan, flowed under the Qantara (weir, bridge) Sebuk, a bridge of cyclopaean stone masonry, watered the area of Jur, and in Dadhin flowed into the Ikhshin. Jirshik - modern Jereh, tributary of the Ratin and the Ikhshin (Herzfeld 1908: 8). Ibn al-Balkhi - Jirrah, arose in Masaram, watered the districts of Nahast Masjan, Jirrah and part of Ghundijan, after which it joined the Bishapur River and emptied into the Persian Gulf. » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 8 Jisar Naft : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3106756 coordinate: lat 33.7488889 long 45.3816667 NIMA/GNS names: Jisar Naft , Jisr Naft , VARIANT names: Jisar Naft , Jolfa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013315 coordinate: lat 32.632527 long 51.655854 NIMA/GNS names: Jolfa , Julfa , Mahalleh-ye Jolfa , جلفا , محله جلفا , VARIANT names: Jolfa , Joulpha , ※ SOURCE for Joulpha « The 18th daye being Fridaye Doctor Goche. my self and some more of my fellowes ridd to see the Armenian Patriarke (2) wch liues in Joulpha [Julfa] (3) wthin the subvrbes of the citie of Spahone; fn. 2 This is possibly the Vardapet Kachadur mentioned by Père Pacifique de Provins, writing in I631. fn. 3 The Armenians of the town of Julfa on the north-western frontier of Persia were removed by 'Abbas to Ispahan in I605, where he built for them the city of New Julfa on the opposite bank of the river. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 69 Joomahalleh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068188 coordinate: lat 26.9553 long 57.061 NIMA/GNS names: Joomahalleh , Jumahalleh , Majban , جمهله , جومحله , مجبان , VARIANT names: Joomahalleh , Ju Mahallah , ※ SOURCE for Ju Mahallah « March 9th.-Left at 6-25 A.M.; day fine; for some little distance the road passed between some low sandstone hills on the left and the date grove on the right; it then cut into the plain, bearing nearly due south; about here there was not much cultivation, the plain was however covered with camelthorn and low scrub. At 7-53 passed through the bed of a small stream without any water in it, in spite of the heavy rain of yesterday. Country very flat, and the going soft. At 10 Α.Μ. halted close to a river and near to a small village called Chah Kambar. 12 P.M. off again. At 12-18 crossed the river at a place called Ju Mahalláh. This is but a small village of 3 or 4 houses. On the hill top, nearest to the ford, is a small round tower in ruins. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ P. 29 Jorg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3378299 coordinate: lat 32.1488889 long 61.4105556 NIMA/GNS names: Jorg , Jurg , VARIANT names: Jorg , Jurg , ※ SOURCE for Jurg « Jurg » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Afghanistan:, , , David Rumsey Map Collection fig. I-41 T Anardara 1942} Jovinow : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLF UFI: 10074803 coordinate: lat 27.941874 long 52.460478 NIMA/GNS names: Jovinow , جوینو , VARIANT names: Jovinow , Jowkar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3786329 coordinate: lat 36.668332 long 59.102861 NIMA/GNS names: Jowkar , Jukal , جوکار , جوکال , VARIANT names: Jowkar , Jowvakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068123 coordinate: lat 29.0397 long 52.5714 NIMA/GNS names: Jookan , Jovakan , Jowkan , Jowvakan , جوکان , VARIANT names: Djavakan , Jamakan , Jawakan , Jowakoon , Jowvakan , Jukan , ※ SOURCE for Djavakan « DJAVAKAN (DJAVAKOU). Environ 1200 m. Environ 33 km. au nord de Firouzabad. Mare près d'un ruisseau à végétation émer. gente. 10.3.40. Encyclops serrulatus (Fischer). 30 ??, 46 ??, 55 copépodites. » #3151 Knut Lindberg, Cyclopides (Crustaces Copepodes) de l'Inde, Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta, 1942 ~ ※ SOURCE for Jamakan « Among the giftswhich he made to him were one hundred of the villages ofJamakan, which is a [valley like a] trench between twomountains, twenty-four farsakhs in length and traversed by a great river, with the villages ranged on both sides of it.(114)This is the finest place in the [region of] Shiraz, and among its larger villages, which are equal in size to towns, is Maiman; this belongs to the qādi of whom we have been speaking. (115) One of the curious things about this place called Jamakan is that the half of it which is contiguous with Shiraz-namely, for the distance of twelve farsakhs-is exceedingly cold. The snow falls there and the majority of the trees are walnuts. But the other half, which | is contiguous to the land of Hunj Ubal and the country of al-Lar, (116) on the way to Hurmuz, is exceedingly hot, and there the majority of the trees are date palms. fn. 114 The Ribat of Jam(a)kan is placed by Mustawafi (trans., 176) 5 farsakhs south of Kavar and 6 farsakhs north of Mimand, i.e., near the modern Zanjirån. Ibn Battūta has apparently confused the name with that of Simkan, a district 6 farsakhs in length lying midway between Mimand and Karzin drained by a right-bank affluent of the Sakkan (Mand) river, since on his return journey in 1347 (vol. IV. p. 311, Arabic) he places Jamakan between these two places: cf. Schwarz, III, 71-2. Mimand, to the east of Firûzābād, is Ibn Battuta's Maiman. His division of the valley into a hot region and a cold region probably derives from the traditional division of Fars into the Garmsir ('Hot Lands') and Sardsir ('Cold Lands'), originally a south-north division, but later on distinguishing the coastal lowlands from the interior highlands (see G. Le Strange, Lands of the Eastern Caliphate (Cambridge, 1905), 249). fn. 115 According to the Persian Guide to Shiraz (Bahman Karimi, Räknumayi Athar-i Tarikh-i Shiraz (Tehran, 1327 Sh.), 55), the township of Mimand was constituted by Tashi Khātün (below, p. 307, n. 121) a waqf-endowment for the tomb-mosque called Shah Chiragh (below, p. 313, n. 135), and still is so.fn. 116 See below, p. 405. » #1103 Marco Polo and Rustichello of Pisa, The Travels of Marco Polo: The Complete Yule-Cordier Edition, Dover Publications inc., New York, 1993,2 vols~ pp/ 304-5 ※ SOURCE for Jawakan « 11th March, Jawakan, 5 farsakhs; 8.30 a.m. to 3.30 p.m. Next morning we turned directly south, and crossed the river, here running south-east, by a stone bridge thirty feet above the water. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 81 ※ SOURCE for Jowakoon « Jowakoon » in {map#1233 Route Map Shiraz to Bushire round trip, TAYLOR R L Lieutenant-Colonel, 1858, British Library: IOR X/3125, route map 5} ※ SOURCE for Jukan « Jukan を?ぎると、道はShabankārah and Maymandへ?じる ???道との???に?する。Jūkānは. Mustawfi Qazwini が Rubāt Jamkän (Ribat-i Jam- akān)と記している地?と一?す [After Jukan the road reaches a junction with a dirt road leading to Shabankārah and Maymand. Jūkān corresponds to a place name recorded by Mustawfi Qazwini as Rubāt Jamkān (Ribat-i Jamakān).] » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ p. 37 Jowzar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3194189 coordinate: lat 32.866605 long 47.975338 NIMA/GNS names: Chashmeh Jouzar , Jowzar , جوزار , VARIANT names: Jauzer , Jowzar , ※ SOURCE for Jauzer « At 16 miles shrine Shah Ahmed Küchikeh is passed (1.950' ) At 17 miles Jauzār, a small grassy plaiWater.-Rather bitter, but can be obtained from Siadmarreh by difficult foot-path from the second of the Jauzar plains (i.e., the more northerly). In summer, when water is scarce, it is best to make a halt at Tirādā which has sweet water, and proceed thence to Durjeh Khazinch, Ab-i Lailum, where water is always obtainable from the Saidmarreh. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 149 Jubaji : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068156 coordinate: lat 31.242036 long 49.667427 NIMA/GNS names: Boneh-ye Khan Mohammad , Joobji , Jubaji , جوبجی , VARIANT names: Jubaji , Judaymah (IQR2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ185576 converted to coordinate: lat 21.3071385123405 long 59.1063889061173 VARIANT names: Judaymah (IQR2) , ※ SOURCE for Judaymah (IQR2) « Shell scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Junaki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068193 coordinate: lat 30.1148 long 52.6333 NIMA/GNS names: Dunaki , Haneki , Janaki , Junaki , جونکی , VARIANT names: Junaki , Junaqan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068195 coordinate: lat 32.15145 long 50.687496 NIMA/GNS names: Jooneghan , Junaqan , Juneqan , Junoqan , Junqan , جونقان , VARIANT names: Djunaghan , Junaqan , ※ SOURCE for Djunaghan « It was in one of these boasting a balakhaneh that I was quartered by the Kedkhoda or mayor of Dehkord, for whom I held a letter from the Bakhtiari Khan. There I first established myself and passed most of the time of my stay in Dehkord. But this was a mere pied-à-terre or jumping off place, for my duties led me to radiate from here north, south, east and west, visiting the families and retainers of the various Bakhtiari Khans in their homes. Ardal, Shalamzar, Djunaghan, Dizzak, and many others all lay within my district. » #3561 Elizabeth N, Macbean Ross, A Lady Doctor In Bakhtiari Land, Leonard Parsons Ltd., London, 1921 ~ p. 23 Junbuk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067694 coordinate: lat 32.87809 long 58.590833 NIMA/GNS names: Chambuk , Chanbuk , Jambuk , Janbook , Janbuk , Jnnbuk , Jonbud , Junbuk , جمبوک , جنبوک , چمبوک , VARIANT names: Beasta , Junbuk , ※ SOURCE for Beasta « The 19. day we went 5. forsongs to a Towne called Beasta. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 51 Jupar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068197 coordinate: lat 30.065457 long 57.115088 NIMA/GNS names: Jupar , جوپار , VARIANT names: Jupar , ※ SOURCE for Jupar #1103 p113 Jurab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068206 coordinate: lat 34.225585 long 48.865512 NIMA/GNS names: Jurab , Juzan , جوراب , جوزان , VARIANT names: Jurab , Juwain : arch. site IRN (fort) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 31.7136228 long 61.62401328 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Juwain , ※ SOURCE for Juwain « 482. JUWAIN See also 684 LASH. Original: Lat. 31º 42’ N, long. 61º 38’ E. Map 83. Revised:31.7136228N,61.62401328E/31º42’49.04208612N, 61º 37’ 26.44780692 E. Nimrūz Province. Just to the south of the town of Lāsh Juwain. Date: Timurid, 15th–16th cent. (ceramic). Description: An artificial mound, 305 m high, with ruins of a large rectangular mud-brick fort on top,150 x 200 m. Circular towers at angles and intervals along certain walls. Walls 17–20 m above plain, 60 cm thick at top, 1.60 m at bottom. Surrounded by ditch 2–5 m wide and 2–3 m deep. Ditch in turn surrounded by 3 m high wall. Main entrance on west side between two solid projecting towers. Many ruins to west towards Paydeh. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 185 Juyan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068220 coordinate: lat 28.568142 long 53.503211 NIMA/GNS names: Jovin , Juyan , جویان , جوین , VARIANT names: Juyan , Juyom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068225 coordinate: lat 28.254803 long 53.981116 NIMA/GNS names: Juwun , Juyom , Juyum , Zhoyum , جویم , VARIANT names: Djiouhoun , Djuyom , Djuyum , Goven , Goyeme , Goyreeome , Guin , Gujum , Guwaim Abi Ahmed , Guwaym Abu Ahmad , Guyom , Jiyum , Joyom , Juian or Juwun , Juium , Juwun , Juyam , Juyom , ※ SOURCE for Djiouhoun « Ces canaux servent à fertiliser les champs voisins du village de Djiouhoun, où nous arrivâmes à onze heures et demie. Sur la droite est une enceinte faite de terre et flanquée de tours. A côté sont les habitations des villageois, [These canals serve to fertilize the fields near the village of Djiouhoun, where we arrived at half past eleven. On the right is an enclosure made of earth and flanked by towers. Next to it are the villagers' dwellings,] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 450 ※ SOURCE for Djuyom « Eine neuere Route führt heute von Benaru über Djuyom und Mansurabad nördlich des Kuh-e Alburs durch die Tang-e Kulin und Tang-e Khatiz nach Djahrom. Die einzigen Karavanserails auf dieser Strecke finden sich in Djuyom. Herbert scheint ein Karavanserail in Djuyom auf seiner Reise, die von Qotbabad direkt unter Umgehung von Djahrom nach Benaru führte, im Jahre 1627 benutzt zu ha- ben, da er zwischen „Guyom", dem heutigen Djuyom und „Cut-Bobbaw", dem heutigen Qotbabad, keine weiteren Karavanserails oder Etappenorte nennt. Es muß daher fraglich sein, ob Djuyom als Ort der safavidischen Bandar Abbas-Shiraz Strafße zu zählen ist oder schon zu einem Seitenzweig der Straße, wel- cher von Benaru über Djuyom nach Qotbabad oder auch nach Darab führte, gehörte. [A newer route today leads from Benaru via Djuyom and Mansurabad north of the Kuh-e Albur through the Tang-e Kulin and Tang-e Khatiz to Djahrom. The only caravanserails on this route are in Djuyom. Herbert seems to have used a caravanserail in Djuyom on his journey in 1627, which led from Qotbabad directly to Benaru, bypassing Djahrom, as he does not mention any other caravanserails or stopping places between "Guyom", today's Djuyom, and "Cut-Bobbaw", today's Qotbabad. It must therefore be questioned whether Djuyom should be counted as a place on the Safavid Bandar Abbas-Shiraz road or whether it was already part of a branch of the road that led from Benaru via Djuyom to Qotbabad or even to Darab.] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lae-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 296 ※ SOURCE for Djuyum « Djūyum » in Map 1. The routes from Shiraz to the Gulf via Lår (1638-1706). (After Jacqueline Calmard, Les routes de Chiraz au Golfe Persique.) #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 5 p. 666 ※ SOURCE for Goven « we departed from Olous: and neere unto it is a very great Casal, called Goven, which hath Angour and Corma plentie. And this night we payed at our Baite upon every summe Pull: And at Goven endeth the Countrey of Lar. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 461 [insufficient data but possible location.PBR] ※ SOURCE for Goyeme « Next night we lay in Goyeme, bragging in a thousand rotten houſes » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 131 ※ SOURCE for Goyreeome « Then being fearefull that we should haue beene forst for to picht in the playne, weh would haue been as much as the life of some of my compani by reson of the couldnesse and ronesse [rawness] of the night, haueing traveled all night, the next morning 2 being the 2 daye we cam to Goyreeome [Juwun], where we were curteously entertayned by the callentar here, haueing traveled 8 1ges. or theraboutes this night. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p. 81 ※ SOURCE for Guin « And although these ignorant yet obstinate and ferocious people could have easily defended themselves against a much bigger army from their well-defended place, they furiously rushed forth onto a great plain that is on the road to Joyom, (52) a league from their fortress, to fight against Allāhverdi Khān, who had the advantage over them in numbers, quality of weapons, and soldiers. fn. 52 Loureiro et al. equate this toponym with present-day Qir in Qiorkārzin County, Fārs Province (Anotações e estudos, 51). However, while Qir may be a slightly better phonetic fit with the name Guin in the MS than Joyom, it is a worse geographical fit. Silva y Figueroa states below that this town is less than four leagues (approx. 20.6 km, or 12.8 mi) from Bonāruye, yet Qir is closer to 80 km (50 mi) away. Furthermore, the route from Bonāruye to Jahrom passes directly through Joyom, whereas a route from Bonāruye to Qir to Jahrom is circuitous, involving considerable backtracking. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 318 « The first City of this Province, according to Figueroa, is Guin, as also Benaru, with the Ruins of the Castle Gabriel, in the utmost Confines of the Kingdom of Lara; though both Places lie very near one another, in a great Plain. The City Guin is separated from the rest of Persia by high Mountains, over which you must travel to go to Jarum, and thence with the Caravans through the Desart. It is apparent that this City hath been built many Years, and Peopled by a Colony of Persians, because the Inhabitants areof a better Spirit, » #3302 Ogilby, John, Asia. The first part being an accurate description of Persia, and the several provinces thereof : ..., Printed by the author at his house in White-friers, London, 1673~p. 6 ※ SOURCE for Gujum « Leaving Manjir, the itinerary went through the date villages of Gujum and Dschjuhum (behind which was Bahharru). From here, at two-and-a-half farsakhs, was the Qal'a Tizirg (Tesorg), which was in fact a ruin.(98) fn. 98 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 116. The village of Dschjuhum is probably the same as the village of Ijehoen, through which the Ketelaar embassy passed, KA 1793, fol. 990b; Carmelites, loc. cit. (Jiyum-a good place, with a fort, a good road, and a water cistern). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 77 ※ SOURCE for Guwaim Abi Ahmed « Den Gau bezeichnet Ibn Haukal als groß (14). Bei Mukaddasi heißt der Ort Guwaim Abi Ahmed (15). Es ist der Ort Juwun der neueren Karten zwischen Lar und Jahrum (16). Mukaddasi gliedert Guwaim dem Distrikte von Hasü an (17). Seine Schilderung lautet: Guwaim Abi Alhmed gehört zu den bedeutenden Städten (18); fn. (14) Hauk. 184, 5; ebenso Muk. 423, 3. fn. (15) Abū Ahmed war nach Ibn Haukal ein Führer der Gutsbesitzer Persiens und stammte ans Guwaim. (Über das Dorf Guwaim bei Širaz vgl. oben 8. 44 Anm. 3.) fn. (16) Hoffmann S. 285 gibt noch folgende Namensformen: Guin (bei D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa), Gui (Poser), Djihoun (Dupré). fn. (17) Muk. 423, 3. fn. (18) Wörtlich: "Matterstädten". [Ibn Haukal describes the Gau as large (14). Near Mukaddasi the place is called Guwaim Abi Ahmed (15). It is the location Juwun on the newer maps between Lar and Jahrum (16). Mukaddasi annexes Guwaim to the district of Hasü (17). His description is: Guwaim Abi Alhmed is one of the important cities (18); fn. (14) Hauk. 184, 5; also Muk. 423, 3. fn. (15) According to Ibn Haukal, Abū Ahmed was a leader of the landowners of Persia and came from Guwaim. (About the village of Guwaim near Shiraz see above 8. 44 note 3.) fn. (16) Hoffmann p. 285 also gives the following name forms: Guin (in D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa), Gui (Poser), Djihoun (Dupré). fn. (17) Muk. 423, 3. fn. (18) Literally: “Matterstädten”.] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 102 ※ SOURCE for Guwaym Abu Ahmad « Guwaym Abū Ahmad VI C4 Gūyom à environ 30 km au SE de Gahrom Iran Cité de la circonscription de Darābagird I 107, H 268, Hur 46, Muq 30, 52, 423, 428, 454 Yag II, 164, LS 254-55, Schw 102-103, DKI 177-78 » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 50 ※ SOURCE for Guyom « Guwaym Abū Ahmad VI C4 Gūyom à environ 30 km au SE de Gahrom Iran Cité de la circonscription de Darābagird I 107, H 268, Hur 46, Muq 30, 52, 423, 428, 454 Yag II, 164, LS 254-55, Schw 102-103, DKI 177-78 » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 50 ※ SOURCE for Jiyum « Jiyum » in {map#1185 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I. Index Map, , , #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~} « 16 JIYUM 12½ m.The road now runs N.- W. by N. over a level, cultivated, and 177 m. occasionally irrigated plain, covered with short grass, and no scrub. At 23 miles an irrigation cut is crossed, 2 feet wide, and 3 feet deep, running S.-W. from the hills north of Quyāmābād. At 8 miles a bridge is crossed over a similar channel. At 10 miles the road runs along an irrigation cut faced with masonry to the W. of the road, which is twice crossed at 12 miles by a stone bridge 6 yards long and 6 feet broad. At 12 miles the scattered village of Jiyüm 2 miles south of the Küh-i-Alburd is reached. Routes Nos. 3 and 25 connect here.Water. Plentiful.Fuel. Scarce.Fodder. Good grazing.Supplies.-Limited. »#3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 149 ※ SOURCE for Joyom « And although these ignorant yet obstinate and ferocious people could have easily defended themselves against a much bigger army from their well-defended place, they furiously rushed forth onto a great plain that is on the road to Joyom, (52) a league from their fortress, to fight against Allāhverdi Khān, who had the advantage over them in numbers, quality of weapons, and soldiers. fn. 52 Loureiro et al. equate this toponym with present-day Qir in Qiorkārzin County, Fārs Province (Anotações e estudos, 51). However, while Qir may be a slightly better phonetic fit with the name Guin in the MS than Joyom, it is a worse geographical fit. Silva y Figueroa states below that this town is less than four leagues (approx. 20.6 km, or 12.8 mi) from Bonāruye, yet Qir is closer to 80 km (50 mi) away. Furthermore, the route from Bonāruye to Jahrom passes directly through Joyom, whereas a route from Bonāruye to Qir to Jahrom is circuitous, involving considerable backtracking. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 318 ※ SOURCE for Juian or Juwun « At 18 miles cross a short but difficult pass, thence level road to Juwun, the centre of a group of hamlets. Inhabitants about 300, mainly artisans and traders, who supply the wants of nomad tribes in the neighbourhood. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 59 ※ SOURCE for Juium « JUIUM-LAT. 28° 6' N.; LONG. 53° 46' E.The headquarters of a district subsidiary to, and forming part of, the domains of the Khan of Lar: now governed by Husain 'Ali Khan, son of Shaikh-us-Nizām Khān, brother of the Khan of Lar. It has about 50 houses, but a large area of cultivated ground is tilled by the inhabitants, and considerable supplies are available; water from irrigation cuts from Kūh-i-Bazan; fuel scarce. It is situated on the north edge of the Banam plain, Banam being plainly visible due south (not as on the map). To the north the steep foothills of Küh-i-Albard are 2 miles distant.Roads diverge in all directions across the plain, and to Banam, Jehram, and Darab.-(Wilson and Cruickshank, 1907.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 p. 462 ※ SOURCE for Juwun « Juwun » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} « 16 JUWUN 12½ m. The road now runs N.. W. by N. over a level, cultivated, annl 1891 m. occasionally irrigated plain, covered with short grass, and no scrub. At 24 miles an irrigation cut is crossed, 2 feet wide and 3 feet deep, running S.-W., from the hills north of Qawāmābād. At 8 miles a bridge is crossed over a similar channel. At 10 miles the road runs along an irrigation cut faced with masonry to the W. of the road, which is twice crossed at 12 miles by a stone bridge 6 yards long and 6. feet broad. At 124 miles the scattered village of Jüwün, 2 miles south of the Küh-i Alburd, is reached. Routes Nos. 2 (d) and 1 (j) connect here.Water. Plentiful.Fuel. Scarce.Fodder.-Good grazing.Supplies.-Limited.sodt of alum abala »#3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 174 « Juwun » in {map#1188 Map of Persia (in Six Sheets), T. H. Holdich Simla Drawing Office Survey of India, 1902, Geographicus, New York fig. } ※ SOURCE for Juyam « MOGU BAY to SHIRAZ 10. JUYAM | 18 | 183 Six hours. The road is over the open country generally. Water obtained from wells. Camp in an open desert. A few supplies procurable. » #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 388 ※ SOURCE for Juyom « [fol. 215r] Joyom is the first city of Persia proper [on this journey], while Bonāruye, with its old fortress of Gabril, is the last of the cities of the kingdom of Fārs, even though the two are quite close to each other on this vast plain that has already been described. Joyom is separated from the rest of Persia by towering mountains (55) to the north-west as one journeys to Jahrom, as well as to the east or orient, which are crossed by the road that the caravans take through the desert. fn. 55 Probably the Zagros range; see Fisher, “Physical Geography,” 27. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 320 K. Ab-e Germ : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.142181 long 52.876386 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Cramasera muyto grande (Rebelo) , K. Ab-e Germ , K. Moſe Faril , K. Moſefarie , large carauasar , Moúnzaferri caravansérail , Mozaferi , ※ SOURCE for Cramasera muyto grande (Rebelo) « Deste Albergue nos levamos a horas de vespora, e fomos dormir dahi a tres Legoas, donde ao seguinte dia de madrugada, levamos a Cafila, indoa meter em hum Cramasera muyto grande, e fresco, e fermozo e com muyto apozentos assim p. a gente, como para as cavalgaduras, onde achamos o Judeu, que de nos se tinha apartado para vir descançar o Sabado; [We left this hostel at dawn and went to sleep three leagues away. From there, at dawn the next day, we took the Cafila and put it in a very large, cool, and beautiful hut with plenty of room for the people and for the horses, where we found the Jew who had left us to come and rest on Saturday.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 114 ※ SOURCE for K. Ab-e Germ « Karavanserail Ab-e Germ (Taf. 21,4) (Abb. 5; 183) (127)Lage: 40 km südöstlich des Karavanserails Bid Zard, 27 km nordwestlich des Karavanserails Ali Abad, in + 1440 m ü. N.N., an der Hauptkarawanenstraße von Shiraz über Djahrom und Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas. Die Reste einer Be- festigung liegen auf einem vorgelagerten Felshügel unmittel- bar nördlich des Karavanserails; auf dem 2 km südwestlich gelegenen Felshügel befinden sich die Mauerreste der eisen- zeitlichen Befestigung Qal'eh Tall-e Kabud. Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, fünf Stallabtei- ungen, vier runden Innenräumen sowie Rundtürmen an den Gebäudeecken und als Torflankierung (Abb. 184).Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Turmvorsprünge 65 x 8,50 m, Hofabmessungen 40 x 40 m. Die Gebäudehöhe ist mit 5,90 m rekonstruierbar (Abb. 185).fn. 127 Das Karavanserail wurde am 25. 9. 1992 vermessen. - Zu Qal'eh Talle Kabud, eine eisenzeitliche Befestigung südlich von Shiraz, Beiträge zur Kulturgeschichte Vorderasiens, Festschrift für Rainer Michael Boehmer (Mainz 1995) 289 ff. [Karavanserail Ab-e Germ (Plate 21.4) (Fig. 5; 183) (127)Location: 40 km southeast of the Bid Zard caravanserail, 27 km northwest of the Ali Abad caravanserail, at + 1440 m above sea level. N.N., on the main caravan route from Shiraz via Djahrom and Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. The remains of a fortification lie on a rocky hill immediately north of the caravanserail; On the rocky hill 2 km to the southwest are the remains of the wall of the Iron Age fortification Qal'eh Tall-e Kabud. Type: Court caravan serail with four iwans, five stable compartments, four round interior rooms and round towers at the corners of the building and as gate flanking (Fig. 184).Dimensions: External dimensions without tower projections 65 x 8.50 m, courtyard dimensions 40 x 40 m. The building height can be reconstructed at 5.90 m (Fig. 185).fn. 127 The caravanserail was measured on September 25, 1992. - On Qal'eh Talle Kabud, an Iron Age fortification south of Shiraz, contributions to the cultural history of the Near East, Festschrift for Rainer Michael Boehmer (Mainz 1995) 289 ff.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 102 and 104 ※ SOURCE for K. Moſe Faril « Den 20. dito, na 7½ mylen rydens, quam zyn Ed: in de Karrawaanſera Moſe Faril. [The 20th ditto, after 7½ miles of riding, near his Ed: in the Karrawaanſera Moſe Faril.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for K. Moſefarie « Den 3. dito quam zyn Ed: na zons opgang in de Karrawaanſera Moſefarie, [In the 3rd state: in the opposite zone in the Karrawaansera Mosefarie,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 274 ※ SOURCE for large carauasar « A 20, se caminó otra gran jornada, parte della portierra muy aspera y seca, hallando solamente junto alcamino algunos grandes lentiscos, y antes que anocheçiese llegó la carauana á un caravasar mayor que nin guno de quantos se auian visto, porque demas de te ner mayor patio y mas número de alcobas y aposentos,era de muy altas y gruesas paredes de piedra, con dostorreones á entranbos lados de la puerta y otros qua tro á las quatro esquinas, todos con sus saeteras, desuerte que representaua la forma de una gran fortaleza, y ansi se labró para este fin, para siguridad de las carauanas de mercaderes y se pudiesen defender de los muchos ladrones que otras vezes solian saltear y correr estos campos. [At 20, another long day was walked, part of it over very rough and dry land, finding only some large mastic trees along the road, and before nightfall the carauana arrived at a caravanserai larger than any that had ever been seen, because more than having a larger patio and a greater number of bedrooms and chambers, it had very high and thick stone walls, with two towers on either side of the door and another four at the four corners, all with their loopholes, so that it represented the form of a great fortress, and so it was built for this purpose, to protect the carauanas of merchants and to be able to defend themselves from the many thieves who once used to jump and run through these fields.] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 pp. 323-4 ※ SOURCE for Moúnzaferri caravansérail « Nous passons auprès d'un caravansérail tombant en ruines; son nom est celui du village de Moúnzaferri, qui en est à une farseng. Vis-à-vis de ce caravansérail, à quelques pas, coule une eau extrêmement chaude, qui lui fait donner aussi le nom d'ab-guerm (1). On voit dans le lointain, sur une butte à l'ouest, le village d'Abadè. Après avoir eu toujours un chemin uni et quitté ensuite la grande route, nous prenons un sentier qui conduit à Moûnzaferri, et nous y arrivons à cinq heures et demie du soir. Ce village dé- pend d'un district, dont le chef-lieu est Kie- var (2), qui est éloigné d'une farseng à l'ouest. Moûnzaferri renferme cont familles qui jouis- sent toutes d'une honnête aisance.fn. 1 Eau thermale.fn. 2 Les villages compris dans le distrcit de Kievarsont:(A la gauche de la vallée.)Deuwlet-Abåd,Tchabaroumi,Abadè,Ekievoûn,Parmichkhoûn,Deh-Echi,Moûnzaferri,Kormai,Parou,Deh-chté,Novrissoûn,Dachtek,Kievar (*),Ziguierd,Tchiega,Kale-Mollah-Nassir-Ali.Bagou,(A la droite de la vallée.)Boureki-Aga-Djiemål,Boureki-bala.(*) La rivière de Kâfre passe à un quart de lieue de ce village, ainsi que de Novristoán. [We pass by a caravanserai falling into ruins; its name is that of the village of Moúnzaferri, which is a farseng away. Opposite this caravanserai, a few steps away, flows an extremely hot water, which also gives it the name of ab-guerm (1). We see in the distance, on a hillock to the west, the village of Abadè. After having always followed a smooth road and then leaving the main road, we take a path which leads to Moûnzaferri, and we arrive there at half past five in the evening. This village depends on a district, whose chief town is Kiev (2), which is a farseng away to the west. Moûnzaferri contains two families who all enjoy a decent comfort.fn. 1 Thermal water.fn. 2 The villages included in the Kievar district are: (To the left of the valley.) Deuwlet-Abåd, Tchabaroumi, Abadè, Ekievoûn, Parmichkhoûn, Deh-Echi, Moûnzaferri, Kormai, Parou, Deh-chté, Novrissoûn, Dachtek, Kievar (*), Ziguierd, Kale-Mollah-Nassir-A, li.Bagou, (To the right of the valley.) Boureki-Aga-Djiemål, Boureki-bala.(*) The Kâfre river passes a quarter of a league from this village, as well as from Novristoán.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 pp. 460-1 ※ SOURCE for Mozaferi « After we had passed some stony hills at the 24th hour, we dismounted to eat. Then we continued until the fourth hour of the night when we stopped at the caravanserai Muzaffari, which is rather large. (27) We could get no fruit because the town was far away. fn. 27. Bembo gives the name "Mozaferi." He and his companions are approaching Shiraz from the southeast, and his route is taking him between the ruins of two great Sasanian (C. A.D. 250651) palaces, Sarvestan and Firuzabad, neither of which be mentions. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 297 K. Asemungerd : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 28.90842 long 53.313973 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) Supplement: exact location not found. PBR VARIANT names: Asmangird caravansarai , Asmonguier , K. Asemungerd , karawansarai Camerbeik , Karawansarai Camerbeik , ※ SOURCE for Asmangird caravansarai « 20. Asmangird .. 17m ...At 15 miles road divides, the eastern branch running to the caravansarai reached at 17 miles, the western branch to the village, reached at 16 miles. The caravansarai stands alone at the foot of a range of hills, 500 feet above the plain level, and is separated from the village by of a mile of irrigated land. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 178 ※ SOURCE for Asmonguier « Ceux qui sont à gauche s'éloignent, et laissent aperce- voir une campagne verdoyante, où sont plu- sieurs villages au milieu de jolis vergers. Bien- tôt on arrive à un caravansérail tombant en ruines. Il prend son nom du hameau d'As- monguier, qui est vis-à-vis et sur la gauche du chemin, [Those on the left move away, and let us see a green countryside, where there are several villages in the middle of pretty orchards. Soon we arrive at a caravanserai falling into ruins. It takes its name from the hamlet of Asmonguier, which is opposite and on the left of the path,] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 458 ※ SOURCE for K. Asemungerd « Karavanserail Asemungerd (Aseman Gerd) (Taf. 22,2-4) (Abb. 5; 187) (129) Lage: 27 km südöstlich des Karavanserails Aliabad, 30 km nordwestlich von Mokhak, in + 1180 m ü.N.N., an der alten Hauptstraße von Shiraz über Djahrom und Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas. Südöstlich neben dem Karavanserail ist die Zisterne in die Erde eingetieft. Sie hat 12,70 x 8,40m Außenmaße, ohne das vorspringende Treppenhaus (Abb. 187). Ihre Höhe beträgt etwa 5 m.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, einem rück wärtigen Stall und zwei kleinen Stallabteilungen in den vor deren Gebäudeecken, wobei der südwestliche Stall durch ei nen Anbau auf der westlichen Seite des Gebäudes erweitert wurde. Der Eingangstrakt ist breit gelagert und über dem Portal ist ein Schiefstand eingerichtet.Abmessungen: Außenmaße ( einschließlich Portaltrakt und des westlichen Anbaus) 45,50 x 36,50 m, Hofabmes- sungen 20,30 × 19,50 m (Abb. 188), Höhe der Hoffassaden 5,20 m, Gebäudehöhe über dem Portal 7,10 m (Abb. 189).Baumaterial: Bruchstein, verputzt.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Gut erhalten, wird landwirtschaftlich genutzt.Inschriften: Inschriftennische über dem Eingang, In- schriftentafel ist verloren.Datierung: Qadjarisch, 19. Jahrhundert.fn. 129 Das Karavanserail Asemungerd wurde am 28. 2. 1977 vermessen. [Karavanserail Asemungerd (Aseman Gerd) (Plate 22.2-4) (Fig. 5; 187) (129) Location: 27 km southeast of the Aliabad caravanserail, 30 km northwest of Mokhak, at + 1180 m above sea level, on the old main road from Shiraz via Djahrom and Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. The cistern is sunk into the earth to the southeast next to the Karavanserail. It has external dimensions of 12.70 x 8.40 m, without the projecting staircase (Fig. 187). Its height is about 5 m.Type: Court caravanserail with four iwans, a rear stable and two small stable departments in the front corners of the building, with the southwestern stable being expanded by an extension on the western side of the building. The entrance wing is wide and there is an incline above the portal.Dimensions: External dimensions (including the portal wing and the western extension) 45.50 x 36.50 m, courtyard dimensions 20.30 × 19.50 m (Fig. 188), height of the courtyard facades 5.20 m, building height above the portal 7 .10 m (Fig. 189).Building material: quarry stone, plastered.Structural features and condition: Well preserved, used for agricultural purposes.Inscriptions: Inscription niche above the entrance, inscription panel is lost.Dating: Qajar, 19th century.fn. 129 The Asemungerd caravanserail was surveyed on February 28, 1977.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 104-6 ※ SOURCE for karawansarai Camerbeik « (21) karawansarai Camerbeik [? sic for Qanbar Baig?] 3 farsakhs. The road is bad at first, afterwards at a leagues. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 notes ※ SOURCE for Karawansarai Camerbeik « 21 karawansarai Camerbeik [? sic for Qanbar Baig?] 3 farsakhs. The road is bad at first, afterwards at 2 leagues. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 notes K. Bad Ney : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.603791 long 54.807169 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Bad Ney , KM118 (Gaube) , ※ SOURCE for K. Bad Ney « Karavanserail Bad Ney (Baha ed Din) (Abb. 5; 259) (181)Lage: 17 km östlich von Cahar Berkeh, 9 km westlich des Karavanserails Ceki, in + 600 m ü. N. N., an der Straßevon Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas.... Das qadjarische Karavanserail: Das qadjarische Karavanserail:Typ:Hofkaravanserail mit Eingangsiwan, vier Ställen in den Gebäudeecken und turmartig erhöhtem Portalbau.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 28,50 x 27,80 m, ... Das safavidische Karavanserail:... Die beiden wohl safavidischen Kuppel-Zisternen haben innere Durchmesser von 7,80 m und 7.90 m, sowie Höhen von 5,80 und 4,50 m [Karavanserail Bad Ney (Baha ed Din) (Fig. 5; 259) (181) Location: 17 km east of Cahar Berkeh, 9 km west of the Karavanserail Ceki, at + 600 m above sea level. N.N., on the road from Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. ... The Qadjarian caravanserail: The Qadjarian caravanserail: Type: Court caravanserail with entrance iwan, four stables in the corners of the building and a tower-like elevated portal structure. Dimensions: External dimensions 28.50 x 27.80 m, ... The Safavid caravan serail: ... The two probably Safavid dome cisterns have inner diameters of 7.80 m and 7.90 m, and heights of 5.80 and 4, 50 m] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 142-3 ※ SOURCE for KM118 (Gaube) « KM 118: Schon neun Kilometer westlich des vorangegangenen Karvansarais trifft man auf die nächste Station, Bähä ad-Din, heute ein Gendarmerieposten, bestehend aus einem Sarai des Typs KM 109, einer Station des Typs KM 014, und zwei Zisternen. Auch hier findet sich über dem Portal des Karvansarais eine Restaurationsinschrift. Sie dürfte sich auf dieselbe Zeit wie jene über dem Portal von Karvansarai KM 109 (Anfang des 19. Jahrhunderts) beziehen. Ihr Datum ist durch Mörtel verdeckt. [KM 118: Just nine kilometers west of the previous Karvansarais you come to the next station, Bähä ad-Din, today a gendarmerie post, consisting of a KM 109 type Sarai, a KM 014 type station, and two cisterns. Here too there is a restoration inscription above the portal of the Karvansarais. It probably refers to the same period as that above the portal at Karvansarai KM 109 (early 19th century). Their date is obscured by mortar.] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 45 K. Bahi : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none coordinate: lat 27.650677 long 54.243766 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Bahi , ※ SOURCE for K. Bahi « Karavanserail Bahi (Abb. 5; 245)Lage: 10 km westlich von Lar (Zentrum), in + 890 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Qir über Khondj nach Lar.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vorderem und rückwärti- gem Flügel, in letzterem der Stall. Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Portalvorsprung 16,50 × 10,50 m, Hofabmessungen 9,30 × 8,60 m, Gebäudehöhe 3,40 m. Nordwestlich des Karavanserails eine nur noch im Grundriß erkennbare Ruine von mindestens 15 m Länge und 10,40 m Breite. [Karavanserail Bahi (Fig. 5; 245)Location: 10 km west of Lar (center), at + 890 m above sea level. N. N., on the road from Qir via Khondj to Lar.Type: Court caravanserail with front and rear wings, in the latter the stable. Dimensions: external dimensions without portal projection 16.50 × 10.50 m, courtyard dimensions 9.30 × 8.60 m, building height 3.40 m. To the northwest of the caravanserail there is a ruin that is only visible in the floor plan and is at least 15 m long and 10.40 m Width.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p.133 « Passieren des kleinen Ortes Ba'en nach 10 km das kleine ??ravanserail Bahi (Abb. 10; Taf. 33,2). Das aus Bruchsteinmauerwerk in Fischgrättechnik errichtete Gebäude besteht aus zwei Kammern zu beiden Seiten des Einganges und einem von diesen durch einen kleinen Hof getrennten Stall. Das bis auf die Dächer komplett erhal- tene Bauwerk mit den Maßen 16,2 x 12,2 m liegt direkt an der alten Karavansenstraße etwa 20 m abseits der modernen Straße und ist von zwei alten, teilweise zerstörten Zisternen umgeben. [After passing the small town of Ba'en, after 10 km you will come to the small caravanserai Bahi (Fig. 10; Plate 33.2). The building, constructed from herringbone quarry stone masonry, consists of two chambers on either side of the entrance and a stable separated from these by a small courtyard. The building, which is completely preserved except for the roofs, measures 16.2 x 12.2 m and is located directly on the old caravanserai road, about 20 m from the modern road, and is surrounded by two old, partially destroyed cisterns.] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 297 K. Benaru (Bonaruyeh) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.082203 long 54.053788 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Benaru, K. Kheirat Khan , K. Benaru (Bonaruyeh) , ※ SOURCE for Benaru, K. Kheirat Khan « Karavanserail Kheirat Khan » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lae-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ in Abb. 8. Benaru, Karavanserail Kheirat Khan p. 295 ※ SOURCE for K. Benaru (Bonaruyeh) « Karavanserail Benaru (Bonaruyeh) (Abb. 5; 223) (154)Lage: 24 km südöstlich von Djuyom und 36 km nord- westlich von Khole (Dehra), an der Karawanenstraße von Djahrom nach Lar. Das Karavanserail liegt zu Füßen einer Burg, umgeben von vier Emamzadehs und einem Fort. Typ: Das Karavanserail führt den Namen Kheyrat Khan und ist ein oktogonales Hofkaravanserail mit acht Iwanen und zwei Stallungen. fn. 154 R. Pohanka, AMI 17, 1984, 293. [Caravanserail Benaru (Bonaruyeh) (Fig. 5; 223) (154)Location: 24 km southeast of Djuyom and 36 km northwest of Khole (Dehra), on the caravan road from Djahrom to Lar. The caravanserail lies at the foot of a castle, surrounded by four emamzadehs and a fort. Type: The caravanserail is called Kheyrat Khan and is an octagonal court caravanserail with eight iwans and two stables. fn. 154 R. Pohanka, AMI 17, 1984, 293.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 124 K. Beriz II : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.954723 long 54.333139 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Behry caravanserai , K. Beriz II , ※ SOURCE for Behry caravanserai « Le caravanserai de Behry a été bâti, il y a cin- quante ans, par la mère d'un gouverneur de Laar, nominé Ahvez bec ou Havez bec (Ahvaz-beyg), et consacré à son nom. C'est un des plus beaux et des plus spacieux de la Perse, tout de pierre vive, de soixante-douze pas de face, sur soixante-deux pieds de hauteur, couvert d'une terrasse fort unic, munie de rebords de deux pieds de haut. Le de- dans est divisé en vingt-huit logemens séparés, de chaque côté; celui du milieu le double plus grand que ceux des côtés, et derrière sont des écu- ries larges de dix-sept pieds, entre de hauts por- tiques pour le logement des palefreniers. [The Behry caravanserai was built fifty years ago by the mother of a governor of Laar, named Ahvez bec or Havez bec (Ahvaz-beyg), and dedicated in her name. It is one of the most beautiful and spacious in Persia, all of live stone, seventy-two paces across, sixty-two feet high, covered with a very unique terrace, equipped with two-foot edges. from above. The interior is divided into twenty-eight separate dwellings on each side; the middle one is double the size of those on the sides, and behind are stables seventeen feet wide, between high porticos for the accommodation of the grooms.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 477 ※ SOURCE for K. Beriz II « Karawanenhaltepunkt Beriz (Abb. 5; 226)157Lage: 17 km südöstlich von Khole (Dehra), 15 km nord- westlich von Dehkuyeh, an der Straße von Djahrom nach Lar. Am Ort sind nördlich einer Burganlage zwei Karavan- serails zu unterscheiden, das Karavanserail Shah Abbas (sa- favidisch) und ein qadjarischer Neubau. Das Karavanserail Beriz II:Typ: Hofkaravanserail ohne ausgeprägte Iwanbildung, mit Eingängen im Süd- und im Westflügel und Kuppelräu- men in den Gebäudeecken (Abb. 228).Abmessungen: Außenmaße 26,80 x 26,50 m, Hofabmes- sungen 16,60 X 16,60 m, Gebäudehöhe 4,40 m, Höhe des Por- talbaus der Südseite 7,30 m. [Beriz caravan stopping point (Fig. 5; 226)157Location: 17 km southeast of Khole (Dehra), 15 km northwest of Dehkuyeh, on the road from Djahrom to Lar. At the site, two caravan serails can be distinguished north of a castle complex, the Shah Abbas caravan serail (Safavid) and a new Qajar building. The Beriz II caravanserail:Type: Court caravan serail without a pronounced iwan formation, with entrances in the south and west wings and domed rooms in the corners of the building (Fig. 228).Dimensions: external dimensions 26.80 x 26.50 m, courtyard dimensions 16.60 x 16.60 m, building height 4.40 m, height of the portal building on the south side 7.30 m.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 125 K. Berkeh Sefid : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.303969 long 55.301788 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Berkeh Sefid , KM033 (Gaube) , ※ SOURCE for K. Berkeh Sefid « Karavanserail Berkeh Sefid (Taf. 27.4) (Abb. 7; 225) (112)Lage: 5 km westlich von Taqi Khaneh, 11 km südöst- lich von Djeyhun, in + 250 m ü.N.N., an der Straße von Bandar-e Abbas nach Lar.Typ: Eine Mischung von überdachtem Bergland-Kara- vanserail und Pavillon-Karavanserail, innen kreuzförmig mit Vierungskuppel und in den Gebäudeecken vier Zweier- gruppen von Räumen.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 17,30 × 16,70 m, Gebäude- höhe 3,90 m. [Karavanserail Berkeh Sefid (Plate 27.4) (Fig. 7; 225) (112)Location: 5 km west of Taqi Khaneh, 11 km southeast of Djeyhun, at + 250 m above sea level, on the road from Bandar-e Abbas to Lar.Type: A mixture of covered mountain caravanserail and pavilion caravanserail, cross-shaped on the inside with a crossing dome and four groups of two rooms in the corners of the building.Dimensions: external dimensions 17.30 × 16.70 m, building height 3.90 m.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 125 ※ SOURCE for KM033 (Gaube) « KM 033: Nach nur sieben Kilometern stößt man in ca. 250 m Höhe auf das vierte Wegmonument (Fig. 5) dieses Streckenabschnitts, neben dem zwei überkuppelte Zisternen errichtet wurden. Der Bau ist größer als die zwei vorangegangenen. Er mißt ca. 18,5 m x 18,5 m und ist in seinen unteren Mauer- partien aus grob-rechteckig behauenen Steinen errichtet. Vier kreuzförmig angelegte Tonnengewölbe treffen sich unter einem Klostergewölbe in der Mitte der Anlage. Den Zentralteil um die Kuppel erweitern vier, zu jeweils zwei der Tonnengewölbe offene, Eckräume. In jeder der vier Ecken des Gebäudes liegen je zwei rechteckige Räume und ein quadratischer Raum, die von außen durch Türen erschlossen sind. [KM 033: After just seven kilometers you come to the fourth monument (Fig. 5) of this section at a height of approx. 250 m, next to which two domed cisterns were built. The building is larger than the previous two. It measures approx. 18.5 m x 18.5 m and the lower parts of the wall are made of roughly rectangular hewn stones. Four cross-shaped barrel vaults meet under a monastery vault in the middle of the complex. The central part around the dome is extended by four corner rooms, each open to two of the barrel vaults. In each of the four corners of the building there are two rectangular rooms and one square room, which are accessed from the outside through doors.] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 41 [distance 33 kms more like 30.5 kms. PBR] K. Berkeh Seta : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.212647 long 55.578297 VARIANT names: K. Berkeh Seta , ※ SOURCE for K. Berkeh Seta [cisterns 95m SE of caravanserai across main road. PBR] « Karavanserail Berkeh Seta (Taf. 26,3) (Abb. 7; 220) (107)Lage: 10 km westlich Qal(eh Pahlu, 8 km östlich Berkeh Sultan, in + 50 m ü.N.N., an der Straße (alt und modern) von Bandar-e Abbas nach Lar. Neben dem Kara- vanserail stehen drei Zisternen.[Karavanserail Berkeh Seta (Plate 26.3) (Fig. 7; 220) (107) Location: 10 km west of Qal(eh Pahlu, 8 km east of Berkeh Sultan, at + 50 m above sea level, on the road (old and modern) from Bandar-e Abbas to Lar. Next to the caravanserail there are three cisterns. ] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 123 K. Berkeh Sultan : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.242922 long 55.51086 VARIANT names: Birkeh Sultan , K. Berkeh Sultan , KM014 (Gaube) , Soultany , ※ SOURCE for Birkeh Sultan « Since passing Kishidari caravanserai the rond has been very stony, over hard gravel scantily clothed with dried up yellow grass in scattered patches. At 14 miles 1 furlong we arrive at the caravanserai, and two large cisterns of Birkeh Sultan, the latter being full of good water. Altitude above sea, 97 feet. … Note. From Birkeh Sultan a narrow pass, Tang Rahdari (pronounced Rowdari), through the spur Kishi, bears N. by W.¼ W. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 33 [site located using the bearing from Tang Rahdari. PBR] « At 4½ miles is the sarai of Birkeh Sultan, and two cisterns (dry in March 1907); fuel from scrub; » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 164 ※ SOURCE for K. Berkeh Sultan « Karavanserail Berkeh Sultan (Taf. 26,4) (Abb. 7; 221) (108)Lage: 8 km westlich Berkeh Seta, 11 km östlich von Karavanserail Keshehdari (Kishideri/Keshidan), in +70 m ü. N. N., am Weg von Bandar-e Abbas nach Lar.Typ: Pavillon-Karavanserail mit rechteckigem Grund- riß, Kreuzform mit vier Eckräumen ist beibehalten und die Kuppel über der Vierung sowie das Westportal betont.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 12,80 x 10,80 m, Gebäu- dehöhe 4,50 m.[Karavanserail Berkeh Sultan (Plate 26.4) (Fig. 7; 221) (108) Location: 8 km west of Berkeh Seta, 11 km east of Karavanserail Keshehdari (Kishideri/Keshidan), at +70 m above sea level. N.N., on the way from Bandar-e Abbas to Lar. Type: Pavilion-caravanserail with a rectangular floor plan, a cross shape with four corner rooms is retained and the dome over the crossing and the west portal are emphasized. Dimensions: external dimensions 12.80 x 10.80 m, building height 4.50 m.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ pp. 123-4 ※ SOURCE for KM014 (Gaube) « KM 014: Westlich von Qaleh-ye Parü treten die Berge enger zusammen, der Weg steigt an und führt durch ein ausgedehntes Geröllfeld. Hier liegen bei KM 014 eine kleine, aus Feldsteinen errichtete, außen wie innen verputzte Karavanenstation (Fig. 3) und zwei Zisternen. Sie ist die erste Anlage des "Cahar-Taq "-Typs auf unserer Strecke. Ihre Außenmaße betragen ca. 11 mxt1 m. Vier kreuz- förmig angeordnete spitze Tonnengewölbe treffen sich unter einer Kuppel. [KM 014: West of Qaleh-ye Parü the mountains become closer together, the path climbs and leads through an extensive scree field. Here, at KM 014, there is a small caravan station made of field stones and plastered inside and out (Fig. 3) and two cisterns. It is the first facility of the "Cahar-Taq" type on our route. Its external dimensions are approx. 11 mxt1 m. Four pointed barrel vaults arranged in a cross shape meet under a dome.] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ pp. 39-40 « (Good water in cisterns) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} ※ SOURCE for Soultany « et trois heures plus loin nous nous arrêtons au caravansérail de Soultany, sans habitants; [and three hours later we stop at the caravanserai of Soultany, without inhabitants;] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 533 K. Cahar Berkeh : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.65767 long 54.65727 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: visual GE 1 ruined building, 2 dome cisterns (≃ 5m dia and ≃ 6.5m dia) VARIANT names: K. Cahar Berkeh , KM135 (Gaube) , ※ SOURCE for K. Cahar Berkeh « Karavanserail Cahar Berkeh (Abb. 5; 258)(180) Lage: 2 km westlich des qadjarischen Karavanserails Cahar Berkeh (Gendarmeriestation, nicht betretbar), 17 km westlich von Bad Ney (Baha ed Din) und 12 km östlich von Tang-e Nao, in + 650 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas. Typ: Einfaches Pavillon-Karavanserail mit kreuzförmi- gem Zentralraum und vier Eckräumen, die nur von außen betretbar sind. Abmessungen: Außenmaße 10 × 10 m, Höhe des Gebäu- des nicht vermessen. Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Gut erhalten. Inschriften: keine bekannt. Datierung: Safavidisch oder qadjarischer Ersatzbau. fn.180 H. Gaube, Iran XVII, 1979, 33 ff., Fig. 11.. [« Caravanserai Cahar Berkeh (Fig. 5; 258)(180) Location: 2 km west of the Qajar caravanserai Cahar Berkeh (gendarmerie station, not accessible), 17 km west of Bad Ney (Baha ed Din) and 12 km east of Tang-e Nao, at + 650 m above sea level, on the road from Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. Type: Simple pavilion caravanserai with a cross-shaped central room and four corner rooms that can only be accessed from the outside. Dimensions: External dimensions 10 × 10 m, height of the building not measured. Building material: Quarry stone. Structural features and condition: Well preserved. Inscriptions: none known. Dating: Safavid or Qajar replacement building. fn.180 H. Gaube, Iran XVII, 1979, 33 ff., Fig. 11.]. » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 139 ※ SOURCE for KM135 (Gaube) « KM 135: Nur zwei Kilometer vom letztgenannten Bauwerk entfernt finden sich eine Karavanen- station (Fig. 11) des Cahar-Taq-Typs und zwei Zisternen. Das Gebäude mißt nur ca. 10 m x 10m. … Fig. 11. Die-Station KM 135. [KM 135: Only two kilometers from the last-mentioned structure there is a caravan station (Fig. 11) of the Cahar-Taq type and two cisterns. The building only measures approx. 10 m x 10 m. … Fig. 11. The station KM 135.] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 45 K. Ceki : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.594345 long 54.899714 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Ceki , KM109 (Gaube) , ※ SOURCE for K. Ceki « Karavanserail Ceki (Abb. 5; 263) (182)Lage: 9 km östlich von Bad Ney (Baha ed Din), 14 km nordwestlich von Hormud-e Abbasi, in + 680 m ü. N.N., an der Straße von Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit zwei Iwanen und vier Ställen in den Gebäudeecken. fn. 182 H. Gaube, a.a.O., 44.[Karavanserail Ceki (Fig. 5; 263) (182) Location: 9 km east of Bad Ney (Baha ed Din), 14 km northwest of Hormud-e Abbasi, at + 680 m above sea level. N.N., on the road from Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. Type: Court caravanserail with two iwans and four stables in the corners of the building. fn. 182 H. Gaube, ibid., 44.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 143 ※ SOURCE for KM109 (Gaube) « KM 109: Hinter Hormüd-e 'Abbāsi steigt der Weg über einen Paß und gelangt zum Karvansarai Ceki (Fig. 10). Dieser Bau ist, wie die Bauten KM 000 und KM 088, cine Hofanlage. [KM 109: Behind Hormüd-e 'Abbāsi the path climbs over a pass and reaches Karvansarai Ceki (Fig. 10). This building, like the buildings KM 000 and KM 088, is a courtyard complex] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 44 K. Djeyhun : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 11338013 coordinate: lat 27.276881 long 55.208767 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Jeyhun , کاروانسرای جيحون , VARIANT names: K. Djeyhun , KM049 (Gaube) , ※ SOURCE for K. Djeyhun(Arch. Site) « Karavanserail Djeyhun (Abb. 7; 227) (113)Lage: 11 km nordwestlich von Berkeh Sefid, 16 kmsüdöstlich Tang-e Dalan, in + 190 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Bandar-e Abbas nach Lar. Am Ort befinden sich außer dem Karavanserail eine gemauerte Bet-Plattform mit Mihrab und zwei runde Zisternen.Typ: Pavillon-Karavanserail, innen kreuzförmig mit betonter Vierungskuppel, mit iwanartig angelegten Vorräu- men in der Nord-Süd-Achse und in den Gebäudeecken vier Zweiergruppen von Räumen. Abmessungen: Außenmaße 16,50 x 16,50 m, Gebäu- dehöhe 5,30 m.Baumaterial: Bruchstein, verputzt.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Gut erhalten.Inschriften: Keine bekannt.Datierung: Safavidisch, 17. Jahrhundert.Südöstlich von Djeyhun sind die stark zerstörten Reste nes dem Karavanserail Djeyhun sehr ähnlichen - wei- en Karavanserails sichtbar, aber nicht vermessen wor- n.Beim Karavanserail Djeyhun sind zwei runde Kuppelternen erhalten, die eine mit äußerem Durchmesser von om 9,80 m und 5,90 m Höhe (Tiefe etwa 5 m), die andere mit Berem Durchmesser von 8,50 m und 4 m Höhe (Tiefe et- 5 m). Beide werden durch Oberflächenwasser gespeist d sind teilweise verlandet (Abb. 228). fn. 113 Die Bauten in Djeyhun wurden am 2. 3. und 4. 12. 1984 vermessen. [Djeyhun Caravanserail (Fig. 7; 227) (113) Location: 11 km northwest of Berkeh Sefid, 16 km southeast of Tang-e Dalan, at + 190 m above sea level, on the road from Bandar-e Abbas to Lar. In addition to the caravanserail, there is a brick prayer platform with a mihrab and two round cisterns. Type: Pavilion caravanserail, cruciform inside with a prominent crossing dome, with iwan-like anterooms on the north-south axis and four groups of rooms in the corners of the building. Dimensions: External dimensions 16.50 x 16.50 m, building height 5.30 m. Building material: Quarry stone, plastered.Structural features and condition: Well preserved.Inscriptions: None known.Dating: Safavid, 17th century.Southeast of Djeyhun, the heavily damaged remains of a white caravanserai, very similar to the Djeyhun caravanserai, are visible but have not been surveyed.At the Djeyhun caravanserai two round domed towers have been preserved, one with an external diameter of 9.80 m and a height of 5.90 m (depth about 5 m), the other with a smaller diameter of 8.50 m and a height of 4 m (depth about 5 m). Both are fed by surface water and are partly silted up (Fig. 228). fn. 113 The buildings in Djeyhun were surveyed on 2, 3 and 4 December 1984. ] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 126 ※ SOURCE for KM049 (Gaube)(Arch. Site) « KM 049: Die Station Gehün (Fig. 6) liegt in ca. 250 m Höhe, in einer kleinen Ebene am Rande eines ausgedehnten Geröllfeldes. Zu ihr gehören eine große überkuppelte Zisterne und ein ca. 0,7 m erhöhter, gemauerter Betplatz mit Mihräb. 150 m südwestlich der Station liegt ein kleiner Friedhof mit zwei alten (spätestens safavidischen) Kenotaphen, deren Inschriften bis zur Unleserlichkeit verwittert sind. [KM 049: The Gehün station (Fig. 6) is located at a height of approx. 250 m, in a small plain on the edge of an extensive scree field. It includes a large domed cistern and an approximately 0.7 m raised, brick prayer area with a mihrab. 150 m southwest of the station there is a small cemetery with two old (at least Safavid) cenotaphs, the inscriptions of which have weathered to the point of illegibility.] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 42 K. Djunguin : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.197868 long 55.709518 Supplement: meets description « Pavilion-caravanserail, cross-shaped on the inside, with four corner rooms and a highlighted central dome, » VARIANT names: K. Djunguin , ※ SOURCE for K. Djunguin(Arch. Site) « Karavanserail Djungwin (Taf. 26,1) (Abb. 7; 2)Lage: 6 km westlich des Karavanserails Pol-e Kul, 11 km östlich des Karavanserails Qal'eh Pahlu, in + 7o mü. N. N., an der Route Bandar-e Abbas-Lar[Caravanserail Djungwin (Plate 26,1) (Fig. 7; 2) Location: 6 km west of the caravanserail Pol-e Kul, 11 km east of the caravanserail Qal'eh Pahlu, at + 7o above sea level. N. N., on the Bandar-e Abbas-Lar route ] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 121 K. Gecine (Gacin/Gachin) : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.144729 long 55.880776 Supplement: see place name « Madi » VARIANT names: Gacheen , Gachin , Gatchin , Gedji (Gätschin) , Gesje , Getche , Getfie , Getje , Getschijen , Ghetʃchi , Gitsi , Gitsy , Gochine , Guetchy , K. Gecine (Gacin/Gachin) , Kishigan , ※ SOURCE for Gacheen « Next night wee got to Gacheen, five farfangs further; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 125 ※ SOURCE for Gatchin « At 6 miles 1 furlong the road crosses a very shallow water-course, choked with sand, and about 60 yards broad. On its eastern banks we pass the ruins of a caravanserai, and a well, which latter, by native report, contains drinkable water. Another 1½ furlongs brings us to an old and delapidated caravanserai, and at 6 miles 3 furlongs we pass the large cistern of Gatchin. Altitude above sea, 3 feet. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 35 ※ SOURCE for Gedji (Gätschin) « den 27. zur Karawanserei, vor welcher ein Schilfdorf, von Lappen und Stroh erbaut, liegt, Gedji (Gätschin) 6 Farsach.... Weiter ½ Farsach zu den Geddji (Gätschin-)Karawansereien, deren erste verfallen, die andre no brauchbar war. [the 27th to the caravanserai, in front of which lies a reed village built of rags and straw, Gedji (Gätschin) 6 Farsach. ... Continue ½ Farsach to the Geddji (Gätschin) caravanserais, the first of which fell into disrepair and the other was no longer usable.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 124 ※ SOURCE for Gesje « We see a bridge there, which is a quarter of a league long, but we should not ignore it because it is broken in the middle. I approached it and found that it was 7. not wide, many arches and a parapet on both sides. We arrived at one o'clock in the morning at the Caravanserai of Gesje, after a journey of 5 leagues » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 319 ※ SOURCE for Getche « whereby I was encouraged to auspicate a more Coelestial Path might lead us to Getche (1) in the Turkish Language signifying a Goat Village; fn. 1 Geche in Fryer's map is Gachin, 12 miles E. of Band 'Ali. "Next night we got to Gacheen, five farsangs further [from Band 'Ali]" (Herbert, 125). From the great Bridg to Guitchi is one of the most pleasant countries in all Persia, being a continu'd Grove. Guitchi is a place accommodated with two Inns, one a very fine one and convenient: the other very badly seated, by reason of the dust that con- tinually annoys it standing upon a sandy ground" (Tavernier, 255). Elsewhere (48) he calls it Guetchy. "Traversing a desert valley bounded on north and south by low hills of grey marl, the scattered village of Gachin is reached, surrounded by date groves" (Wilson, Geog. Journ. xxxi (1903), 153. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 184 « March 5th. About 3 afternoon sett out for Getchee, 6 farsangs. Half way is a bridge and some water that you must pass over. About 7 at night arrived at our Marell. note: Diary of 5 March 1707/8. Getchee. Gachîn. See Fryer, II, 184 and n. 1. Le Bruyn also halted at Gesje in 1705 (II, 10), where he found women "who sold fresh butter, with eggs and good fowls," but the water was "very indifferent." When he returned in the following year (II, 134) he calls the place Getjie. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 44 and 49 ※ SOURCE for Getfie « en namen ons verblyf in cen Karrawaniera, Getfie genaamd, en ontrent een dorp gelegen, diens huizingen niet dan hutten waren. Alhier vonden wy, tot onze groote blydſchap, ver- ſcheide Europianen, die, van Gamron komende, zyn Ed: quamen welkom hieten, namelyk de Heer Hoogkamer, Koopman, en opper-hoofd van de E. Compagnies handel tot Congo, Monfr. Prins, onder-Koopman en pakhuis meeſter, Sr. Van der Hoop, Fiscaal, benevens eenige afſiſtenten Wy zagen op de weg veel plantagie van Dadel-boomen, ook veel coloquint-appelen, als mede veel genees kruiden. Alhier quamen ook zeer veel Benjanen. [and took up our abode in a Karrawaniera, called Getfie, situated near a village, the houses of which were nothing but huts. Here we found, to our great joy, several Europeans who, coming from Gamron, welcomed his Ed:men, namely the Lord Hoogkamer, Merchant, and chief of the E. Company trade to Congo, Monfr. Prince, sub-merchant and warehouse master, Sr. Van der Hoop, Fiscaal, as well as some local residents. We saw many plantations of date trees on the road, also many coloquint apples, as well as many medicinal herbs. Many Benjans also came here.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 pp. 266-7 ※ SOURCE for Getje « Den 8.dito quam hy ten half zes in Getje in de ruftplaats, van welke Carrawanfera Bandali myl mylen afgelegen is. [On the 8th he arrived at half past five in Getje, at the resting place, from which Carrawanfera Bandali is several miles distant.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 272 « Den 11. dito na 2½ myl, quam zyn Ed: in Getje. [The 11th ditto after 2½ miles, near his Ed: in Getje.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Getschijen « quamen met een westelijke cours des morgens ten 6 uuren in de serae getchjien, waar in men, schoon vrij vervallen, egter logeerde [arrived at the serae getchjien at 6 o'clock in the morning with a westerly course, where, although quite dilapidated, they nevertheless stayed] » #3298 Ketelaar embassy in 1.04.02 Inventaris van het archief van de Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC), 1602-1795 (1811) section 1901 1719. IIIIII. Derde boek: Batavia, derde deel 1719 1719 (old KA 1793), ~ f. 978v « ... ;KA 1793, fol. 987b. (Getschijen); ... » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 85 fn. 131 ※ SOURCE for Ghetʃchi « Wednesday the eighth of April, about fix of the Clock in the Morning, we came to a covered Kervanʃiray called Ghetʃchi, fix Agatseb from Courefton: There is another belides, cloſe by, by, which is not covered, but like the reft in all things elfe, and a little ruinous. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 134 ※ SOURCE for Gitsi « 22 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 385 ※ SOURCE for Gitsy « De gemelte brugh legt ontrent halver wegh, sulcx noch 24, mijl verder gereden sijnde ontrent 5 ditos van Gitsy ten negen uuren [The melting bridge is about half way, about 24 miles further, it was about 5 ditos from Gitsy at nine o'clock] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 40 « 7 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 359 ※ SOURCE for Gochine « 18 The 18th daye we came to Gochine [Gachin], acaravansero in a wildernesse, wher we found,contrarie to our expectation, refreshing both for man and horse, as egges, milke, dates and mosssuch as that poore place yeeldes, and haye for horses. Here we picht by a tanck a litle from the howse, haueing traveled 6 lges. of very fayerwaye and pies ant by res on of the green bushes wehgrowes all this waye, and in some places groues of date trees. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ pp. 84-5 ※ SOURCE for Guetchy « je fis le reste de ma traite, qui étoit de trois lieues et demie, dans ces sables mouvans dont j'ai parlé, où l'on ne reconnoît ni sentier ni traces, à force d'être remués par les vents et par le gravier, que les débordemens d'eau y amassent. ... . On le nomme Guetchy (1), mot qui signifie chèvre en arabe, parce qu'on en élève beaucoup aux environs. Il y a tout proche une trentaine de cabanes de bois et de feuilles de dattier, fn. 1 Ketchy. Ce mot est turk; la chèvre re nomme a'nz en arabe, et buz en persan. C'est, dit Fryer (New account of cast India and Persia, etc., p. 133) un village, sur roues, on wheels, placé au milieu d'une vallée sablonnense, qui ne produit que des buissons et des tonces dont les chamcaux font leur nourriture. (L-s.) [I did the rest of my haul, which was three and a half leagues, in these shifting sands of which I spoke, where we recognize neither path nor traces, due to being moved by the winds and by the gravel , which the overflows of water collect there. .... It is called Guetchy (1), a word which means goat in Arabic, because many of them are raised in the surrounding area. There are around thirty wooden and date leaf huts nearby, fn. 1 Ketchy. This word is Turk; the goat is renamed a'nz in Arabic, and buz in Persian. It is, says Fryer (New account of cast India and Persia, etc., p. 133) a village, on wheels, placed in the middle of a sandy valley, which produces only bushes and tons of which the camels make their food. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 502-3 « Le 20, me trouvant pressé par les médecins d'emmener mes gens hors du Bander-Abassi, ... Je partis sur le soir, avec le chef de la compagnie française, et j'ar- rivai à minuit à Guetchy (1), qui est à sept lieues de Bander-Abassi. fn. 1 Lisez Ketchy, et voyez ci-dessus, t. VIII, p. 503. (L-s.) [On the 20th, finding myself urged by the doctors to take my people out of Bander-Abassi, ... I left in the evening, with the head of the French company, and I arrived at Guetchy at midnight (1) , which is seven leagues from Bander-Abassi. fn. 1 Read Ketchy, and see above, t. VIII, p. 503. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 9 p. 78 ※ SOURCE for K. Gecine (Gacin/Gachin)(Arch. Site) « Karavanserail Gecine (Gacin/Gachin) (Plate 25.4) (Fig. 7; 212) (102)Location: 17 km west of Karavanserail Mogh Ahmad, 25 km east of the Rud-e Kul bridge, at + 30 m above sea level. N.N., on the route from Bandar-e Abbas to Lar. An older and a younger and larger building as well as two round cisterns have been preserved on site.I » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 119 ※ SOURCE for Kishigan « (35) Kishigan [? sic] to Hurmuzor Bandar (Gämbrun)-6 farsakhs. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 K. Hadji Agha Djamal : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.470728 long 54.973934 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: caravanserai Hajamal , K. Hadji Agha Djamal , KM088 (Gaube) , ※ SOURCE for K. Hadji Agha Djamal « Karavanserail Hadji Agha Djamal (Abb. 5; 264) (184)Lage: 7 km südöstlich von Hormud-e Abbasi, 24 km nordwestlich Tang-e Dalan (Provinz Hormozgan) und 6 km nordwestlich der Station Sar-e Tang (Provinz Hormozgan). Hadji Agha Djamal ist in +420 m ü. N. N. der Grenzort an der Provinzgrenze von Fars und Hormozgan, an der Straße von Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, vorgezogenem, turmartigem Portalbau und Stall an der Westseite (Abb. 265). Abmessungen: 30,40 × 26,50 m ohne Portalbau-Vor- sprung, Hofabmessungen 17 x 17m, Höhe der Hoffassaden 4,60 m, Höhe des Portalbaus 6,80 m (Abb. 266).[Karavanserail Hadji Agha Djamal (Fig. 5; 264) (184) Location: 7 km southeast of Hormud-e Abbasi, 24 km northwest of Tang-e Dalan (Hormozgan Province) and 6 km northwest of Sar-e Tang station (Hormozgan Province) . Hadji Agha Djamal is at +420 m above sea level. N. N. the border town on the provincial border of Fars and Hormozgan, on the road from Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. Type: Court caravan serail with four iwans, an advanced, tower-like portal structure and a stable on the west side (Fig. 265). Dimensions: 30.40 × 26.50 m without portal construction projection, courtyard dimensions 17 x 17m, height of the courtyard facades 4.60 m, height of the portal construction 6.80 m (Fig. 266). ] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 144 ※ SOURCE for KM088 (Gaube) « KM 088: Nordwestlich der letztgenannten Station läuft die Straße durch eine weite Ebene. Hier wird der Abstand zwischen den einzelnen Etappenpunkten größer und Hofbauten des Typs der Anlage KM 000 ersetzen mehr und mehr die Bauten des Cahär-Täq-Typs. Der erste Karvansarai (Fig. 9) mit einer Zisterne mißt ca. 27 mx30 m und hat auf jeder Hofseite funf zum Hof hin über ihre ganze Breite offene Räume. Die in den Gebäudeachsen liegenden Räume sind breiter als die übrigen. Alle, auch die Eckräume, sind durch Tonnengewölbe bedeckt. Entlang der Südwestseite des Karvansarais erstreckt sich ein langer, tonnenbedeckter Raum (Stall). [KM 088: Northwest of the latter station the road runs through a wide plain. Here the distance between the individual stage points becomes larger and farm buildings of the KM 000 type are increasingly replacing the buildings of the Cahär-Täq type. The first Karvansarai (Fig. 9) with a cistern measures approx. 27 mx30 m and has five rooms on each side of the courtyard that are open across their entire width towards the courtyard. The rooms on the building axes are wider than the others. All rooms, including the corner rooms, are covered by barrel vaults. A long, barrel-covered room (stable) stretches along the southwest side of the Karvansarais.] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 44 K. Hormud-e Abbasi : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) VARIANT names: 2 ruined caravanserai , K. Hormud-e Abbasi , KM095 (Gaube) , ※ SOURCE for 2 ruined caravanserai [no place name given - description used for Route 81 stage 025. PBR] « Après avoir passé un nouveau ruisseau salé qui coule aussi de droite à gauche, nous trouvons deux caravan- sérails ruinés, placés l'un près de l'autre. Vis- à-vis sont deux citernes rondes, et couvertes chacune d'un dôme. Plus loin il y en a plu- sieurs, de même forme ou en berceau, sépa- rées par de courts intervalles. Quelques-unes sont vides. [After having crossed a new salty stream which also flows from right to left, we find two ruined caravanserais, placed one near the other. Opposite are two round cisterns, each covered with a dome. Further on there are several, of the same shape or in a barrel shape, separated by short intervals. Some are empty.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 429 ※ SOURCE for K. Hormud-e Abbasi « Karavanserail Hormud-e Abbasi (Abb. 5) (183)Lage: 14 km südöstlich von Karavanserail Ceki, 7 km nordwestlich des Karavanserails Hadji Agha Djamal, in + 490 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas.Das Karavanserail wird als Gendarmeriestation ge- nutzt; es entspricht dem Typ der größeren Pavillon-Kara- vanserails. Daneben steht die stark verfallene Ruine eines weiteren Bauwerkes dieses Typus sowie vier Zisternen.[Karavanserail Hormud-e Abbasi (Fig. 5) (183) Location: 14 km southeast of Karavanserail Ceki, 7 km northwest of Karavanserail Hadji Agha Djamal, at + 490 m above sea level. N.N., on the road from Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. The Karavanserail is used as a gendarmerie station; it corresponds to the type of larger pavilion caravan serails. Next to it are the badly dilapidated ruins of another building of this type and four cisterns.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 144 « Hormud-e Abbasi » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 14 Karawanenwege zwischen Djahrom und Lar und Khondj und Lar sowie südlich und östlich von Lar} ※ SOURCE for KM095 (Gaube) « KM 095: Beim Dorf Hormüd-e 'Abbāsi liegen eine heute als Gendarmerieposten genutzte Station des Typs KM 049, eine weitere, sehr zerstörte Station des Typs KM 014, sowie vier Zisternen. [KM 095: Near the village of Hormüd-e 'Abbāsi there is a station of the type KM 049, which is now used as a gendarmerie post, another, very destroyed station of the type KM 014, and four cisterns.] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 44 [2 cisterns located 1.16 kms north bearing 18°. PBR] K. Keshehdari : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.272453 long 55.407686 VARIANT names: K. Keshehdari , Kishidari sarai , ※ SOURCE for K. Keshehdari « Karavanserail Keshehdari (Kishideri/Keshidan) (Taf. 27,1.2) (Abb. 7; 222) (109) Lage: 11 km westlich von Berkeh Sultan, 7 km nord- östlich von Taqi Khaneh, in + 160 m ü. N.N., an der Straße von Bandar-e Abbas nach Lar.Typ: Pavillon-Karavanserail einfacher Form.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 11,50 × 11,50 m, Gebäude-höhe 4 m.Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Erheblich ver- fallen.Inschriften: Keine bekannt. Datierung: Safavidisch, 17. Jahrhundert. Neben dem Karavanserail steht eine runde Zisterne (Abb. 223), von Oberflächenwasser gespeist, mit einem äußeren Durchmesser von 12 m und 7 m Höhe über dem Umland. Die Zisterne ist eingeschwemmt. fn. 109 Die Bauten von Keshehdari wurden am 2.3. 1984 vermessen.[Karavanserail Keshehdari (Kishideri/Keshidan) (Plate 27,1.2) (Fig. 7; 222) (109) Location: 11 km west of Berkeh Sultan, 7 km north-east of Taqi Khaneh, at + 160 m above sea level. N.N., on the road from Bandar-e Abbas to Lar. Type: Pavilion caravanserail of simple shape. Dimensions: external dimensions 11.50 × 11.50 m, building height 4 m. Building material: quarry stone. Structural features and condition: Significantly dilapidated. Inscriptions: None known. Dating: Safavid, 17th century. Next to the caravanserail there is a round cistern (Fig. 223), fed by surface water, with an outer diameter of 12 m and 7 m high above the surrounding area. The cistern is flooded. fn. 109 The buildings of Keshehdari were built on March 2nd. Measured in 1984.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 124 ※ SOURCE for Kishidari sarai « The road is stony and rough and many watercourses are crossed. At 11 miles the sarai and two large cisterns of Kishidāri are reached. At this point the valley is about half a mile broad, and shut in by hills, to the north, 400 feet above the caravansarai, and to the south about 800 feet, A gap in the hills to the north gives access to the low ground north of the hills for grazing purposes. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 165 K. Khan Sorkh (Khun Sorkh) : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.149858 long 56.070184 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Houni Sourkh , K. Khan Sorkh (Khun Sorkh) , Oneſoor , ※ SOURCE for Houni Sourkh « When we were over this paſſage, we Travelled almost two hours in a Champian Ground, where there are a great many little Mounts or Hillocks, fome one, fome two, and forme almoft four Fathom high. About eleven a Clock we paffed by a little covered Kervanferay, called Houni Sourkh, (that is to fay) red blood, and is four Agatsch from Gbetfchi: » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 135 ※ SOURCE for Oneſoor « Wy quamen voorby twee vervalle Karrawanferk's Oneſoor genaamd, en floegen ons ter Bade neder tot Bandali, niet weinig verheugd synde, dat wy nu de Zee weer alzoo deze legt. sagen, plaats op 't gebergte aan trand [We passed two ruined Karrawanferk's called Oneſoor, and floated down to Bandali at Bade, not a little pleased that we now lay the Sea like this again. legends, place on the mountain on the beach] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 267 K. Khole (Dehra) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none coordinate: lat 28.014602 long 54.157021 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) Supplement: Dating: built before 1665, Safavid (156). f.n. 156 J.Thèvenot, Suite du voyage de Levant (Paris 1674) 456. VARIANT names: Caravansera , Dahra Caravanserai , Dehra , Dera , K. Khole (Dehra) , Karawanserei Dehra , Karawanserei Dehra , Khola-e dehra , Khole caravanserai , Olous , ※ SOURCE for Caravansera « 15 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 ※ SOURCE for Dahra Caravanserai Khawla or Dehra Caravanserai کاروانسرای خوله یا دهرا ※ SOURCE for Dehra « We left it next day, being Thursday, at one a Clock in the Morning, and Travelled in ſtony way until half an hour after two, that we came into a fair fmooth way, where having Travelled on till five, we arrived at an ugly little Kervanferay, called Dehra, where there are ſome Rhadars; we paid nothing there, becauſe of an order which Monfieur Tavernier had, to pay nothing in Perfis Without ftopping at that place, we continued our Journey, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 130 « where having Travelled on till five, we arrived at an ugly little Kervanʃeray, called Dehra, where there are ſome Rhadars; » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 130 ※ SOURCE for Dera « Dien zelven dag des avonds vertrokken wy weder, hadden een tamelyken weg, en quamen ontrent middernagt by een elendige Karrawantera, genaamd Dera, hielden ons verblyf in tenten, en vonden alhier redclyk water. Ontrent ½ myl van hier legt de Heer Joannes Keyts, gewezen Directeur van Persien, begraven, gelyk in den optogt verhaald is, ook gaf zyn Ed: bevel, om een Tombe, hem ter cere, op te regten. [That same day in the evening we set out again, had a fair journey, and arrived about midnight at a miserable Karrawantera, called Dera, where we abode in tents, and found here fair water. About half a mile from here lies buried Mr. Joannes Keyts, ex-Director of Persia, as was related in the procession, and his Honour also gave orders to erect a tomb in his honour.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 264 ※ SOURCE for K. Khole (Dehra) « Karavanserail Khole (Dehra) bei Ahmadabad (Abb. 5; 225) 155Lage: 36 km südöstlich von Benaru, 17 km nordwestlich von Beriz, an der Straße von Djahrom nach Lar.Typ: Zentralbau mit erhöhter Mittelkuppel über kreuz- förmigem Grundriß mit vier Eckräumen und zwei seitlich angeordneten Stallungen.Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Portalrisalite 19,90 x 11,80 m, Gebäudehöhe 4,90 m, Höhe der Kuppel 8 m. Baumaterial: Bruchstein. Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Stark verfallen. Inschriften: keine bekannt. Datierung: Erbaut vor 1665, safavidisch (156). fn. 156 J.Thèvenot, Suite du voyage de Levant (Paris 1674) 456. [Karavanserail Khole (Dehra) near Ahmadabad (Fig. 5; 225) 155Location: 36 km southeast of Benaru, 17 km northwest of Beriz, on the road from Djahrom to Lar.Type: Central building with a raised central dome over a cross-shaped floor plan with four corner rooms and two stables on the sides.Dimensions: External dimensions without portal projections 19.90 x 11.80 m, building height 4.90 m, height of the dome 8 m. Building material: quarry stone. Structural features and condition: heavily dilapidated. Inscriptions: none known. Dating: built before 1665, Safavid (156). fn. 156 J.Thèvenot, Suite du voyage de Levant (Paris 1674) 456.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 125 « Verläßt man Biris auf der Straße Richtung Djahrom vorbei am Imamzadeh Ahmad ebn-e Muhammad Hanafie, so erreicht man nach der Überquerung eines Passes mit einer bereits von Tavernier bemerkten ausgedehnten Sperranlage eine weite Ebene, in deren ungefährem Zentrum nahe dem Dorf Ahmadabad bei km 68 ein Karavanserail von rechteckigem Grundriß liegt (Abb. 6; Taf. 31,3). Der Bau besteht aus vier quadratischen Kammern, welche sich nach außen öffnen und die von einem kreuzförmigen Gang getrennt werden, wobei der Kreuzungspunkt mit einer Kuppel überwölbt ist, Gänge und Kammern weisen flache Spitztonnengewölbe auf. An zwei Seiten der Anlage sind Ställe angebaut, welche über die ganze Breite des Bauwerkes laufen. Das Karavanserail, welches heute etwa zwei Kilo- meter südlich der modernen Straße und etwas versteckt liegt, entspricht in der Form einer ganzen Reihe ähnlicher Bauten, die Gaube an der Strecke Bandar Abbas-Lar aufgenommen hat, wobei der Grundriß hier noch durch die seitlich angefügten Ställe ergänzt wird. Das Karavanserail dürfte um 1665 schon bestanden haben, da Thèvenot und später Kaempfer zwischen Biris und Benaru ein Karavanserail Dehra" nennen, in dem ein Rahdar-Posten zur Steuererhebung untergebracht war; Dupré nennt an dieser Stelle ein Karavan- serail Kholé (27). fn. 27 Dupré11 1 447. [If you leave Biris on the road towards Djahrom, past the Imamzadeh Ahmad ebn-e Muhammad Hanafie, you will reach a wide plain after crossing a pass with an extensive barrier already noted by Tavernier, in the approximate center of which, near the village of Ahmadabad at km 68, there is a caravanserai with a rectangular ground plan (Fig. 6; Pl. 31,3). The building consists of four square chambers that open outwards and are separated by a cross-shaped corridor, with the crossing point vaulted with a dome. The corridors and chambers have flat pointed barrel vaults. Stables are attached to two sides of the complex, which run across the entire width of the building. The caravanserail, which today lies about two kilometers south of the modern road and somewhat hidden, corresponds in form to a whole series of similar buildings that Gaube recorded on the Bandar Abbas-Lar route, whereby the ground plan here is supplemented by the stables attached to the side. The caravanserail must have existed as early as 1665, since Thèvenot and later Kaempfer mention a caravanserail called "Dehra" between Biris and Benaru, in which a Rahdar post for tax collection was housed; Dupré mentions a caravanserail called Kholé at this point (27). fn. 27 Dupré11 1 447.] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 293 ※ SOURCE for Karawanserei Dehra « Inzwischen kamen verlassene Wege dazu, OSO 1/4 Farsach zur Karawanserei Dehra War klein, viereckig. [In the meantime, deserted paths were added, OSO 1/4 Farsach to the Dehra caravanserai. It was small, square. ] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 118 ※ SOURCE for Karawanserei Dehra « den 18. Dez. 1685 vor Sonnenaufgang bis zu dem großen Dorfe Biriis (Beriẞ) 5 Farsach. Durch öde und beinah kreisförmige Windungen der Berge, etwa so: Zwischen O+ S und OSO ¼ Farsach. Inzwischen kamen verlassene Wege dazu, OSO ¼ Farsach zur Karawanserei Dehra. War klein, viereckig. Weiter durch ebene und öde Strecken derselben Ebene ½ Farsach, dann O + S nach Râdâhr chânä (Rahdar chanä, Straßenmeisterei) Dehra ½ Farsach, alles in allem 5 Farsach, aber das Obige mag korrigiert werden, weil in den tollen Windungen ringsum und zwischen den Bergen zu viel bloß geschätzt, weil die Windungen die Zeit zu lang gemacht. [18th December 1685 before sunrise to the large village of Biriis (Beriẞ) 5 Farsach. Through desolate and almost circular windings of the mountains, something like this: between E + S and ESE ¼ Farsach. In the meantime abandoned paths were added, ESE ¼ Farsach to the caravanserai Dehra. It was small, square. Further through flat and desolate stretches of the same plain ½ Farsach, then E + S to Râdâhr chânä (Rahdar chanä, road maintenance office) Dehra ½ Farsach, all in all 5 Farsach, but the above can be corrected because in the crazy windings all around and between the mountains it is an overestimate, because the windings made the time too long.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 118 ※ SOURCE for Khola-e dehra « Khola-e dehra » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 14 Karawanenwege zwischen Djahrom und Lar und Khondj und Lar sowie südlich und östlich von Lar} ※ SOURCE for Khole caravanserai « Le 24 février, nous suivons la vallée en nous dirigeant à l'ouest. Vers l'extrémité, le terrain est inculte et rocailleux. Après l'avoir quittée, nous traversons un torrent qui était à sec, et gravissons une montagne reinplie de spath calcaire. Ce passage est souvent dangereux. Sur le revers est une citerne sans eau. On voit à gauche, au pied d'une colline, un aqué- duc, et un quart de lieue plus loin, un cara- vansérail tombant en ruines, appelé Kholè; auprès sont deux citernes, dont l'une est de forme circulaire, et l'autre est en berceau. [On the 24th of February, we followed the valley, heading west. Towards the end, the ground was uncultivated and rocky. After leaving it, we crossed a torrent which was dry, and climbed a mountain covered with calcareous spar. This passage is often dangerous. On the reverse side is a cistern without water. On the left, at the foot of a hill, we see an aqueduct, and a quarter of a league further on, a caravanserai falling into ruins, called Kholè; near it are two cisterns, one of which is circular in shape, and the other is barrel-shaped.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 447 ※ SOURCE for Olous « The seven and twentieth day we lodged at Olous. The nine and twentieth, we departed from Olous: » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 460-461 [insufficient data but possible location.PBR] K. Kurdeh : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.791152 long 54.413319 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Coordinates based on Pohanka's description « At the fork of the road to Biris and Kurdeh is the Karavanserail Kurdeh » and the presence of cisterns nearby. Between this location and the place name « Pai Chotali » about 1 km SWbW with the road branch to Dangz covers the possible location of this caravanserai. 2 cistern 200m NbW (heaing 346°) from these coordinates VARIANT names: carewansera Corde , Gurdé (Kourdeh) , K. Kurdeh , Kordeh , Kourdagh , Kourdé , Kuda-Poicotall , Pacurel , Pai Chotali , Pai-Kotali , Pakoetel , Picataw , Pokutal , Rustehhennis , ※ SOURCE for carewansera Corde « having driven for about three hours through very mountainous roads, we left on a beautiful, spacious plain the carewansera Corde (2) better than we had ever seen before, miles from the village fn. 2 Kurdeh (Simla kaart). Chardin en Dupré hebben Gurdé en Kourdé(de laatste vindt er een groote karavanserai); Thévanot De-hi-Kourd.De naam wijst waarschijnlijk op een nederzetting van Kürden. [having driven for about three hours through very mountainous roads, we left on a beautiful, spacious plain the carewansera Corde (2) better than we had ever seen before, miles from the village fn. 2 Kurdeh (Simla map). Chardin and Dupré have Gurdé and Kourdé (the latter has a large caravanserai); Thévanot De-hi-Kourd. The name probably indicates a settlement of Kürden.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 55 ※ SOURCE for Gurdé (Kourdeh) « et après quatre lieues, on trouve un autrevillage, nommé Gurdé (Kourdeh), avec un fortbeau caravanserai, bâti aussi à l'entrée. Je m'yarrêtai quelque temps, pour laisser prendre ha leine à mes chevaux ; [and after four leagues, we find another village, called Gurdé (Kourdeh), with a very beautiful caravanserai, also built at the entrance. I stopped there for a while to let my horses take their breath;] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 479 ※ SOURCE for K. Kurdeh « An der Gabelung der Wege nach Biris und Kurdeh befindet sich das heute völli zerstörte Karavanserail Kurdeh. Die frühesten Erwähnungen dieses Bauwerkes stammen von Thevenot und Tavernier unter dem Namen "Pai-Cotali" (13), Chardin kennt 1674 an dieser Stelle ein Karavangerail "Gurde” (14). Vermutlich ist der Bau in diesen Jahren neu errichtet worden da Fryer, welcher den Ort 1676 passierte und ihn "Pokutal" nennt, das Karavanserail als "a new, strong, sqare, large Inn" beschreibt und fortführt: "it Being built after the best Form, and Capacious of a Great Number, both in the outward Sqare and inner Stables" (15). 1677 erschütterte ein schweres Erdbeben die nördlich von Lar gelegenen Gebiete Laristans (16) und muß das Karavanserail zerstört haben, da dieses im darauffolgenden Jahr, als Fryer über die Bander Abbas Lar-Route nach Shiraz zurückkehrte, in Ruinen lag. 1685 nennt Kaempfer an dieser Stelle ein Karavanserail "Rustehennis", um 1694 nennt es Gemelli-Carreri wieder neu erbaut und beschreibt den Ort als "Pakutel" (17) das Karavanserail dürfte aber nicht lange bestanden haben, da es weder bei Schillinger (18) noch bei LeBrun im Jahre 1705 erwähnt wird. Auch Aucher-Eloy, welcher den Platz nach der Beschreibung Chardins erkannte, suchte es in Jahre 1838 vergeblich (19). fn. 13 Thêvenot a.0. 254; J. Tavernier, Voyages en Perse et description de cette royaune, Paris o.J., 317 fn. 14 Chardin a.0. 217 fn. 15 J. Fryer, New Account of East India and Persia in Eight Letters, Being Nine Years Travels Begun 1672 and Finished 1681, Edit. W. Crooke, Haklyut Soc. London, II (1912) 197 fn. 16 N.N. Ambraseys C.P. Melville, A History of Persian Earthquakes (1982) 51 fn. 17 G.-F. Gemelli-Carreri, Giro del Mondo, II. Persia. Neapel (16991704) 271 fn. 18 C. Schillinger, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis. Hürnberg. (1707) fn. 19 P.II.R. Aucher-Eloy, Relations de Voyages on Orient de 1830 à 1838, II (1843) 528 [At the fork of the road to Biris and Kurdeh is the Karavanserail Kurdeh, which is now completely destroyed. The earliest mentions of this building come from Thevenot and Tavernier under the name "Pai-Cotali" (13), Chardin knows of a caravangerail "Gurde" (14) at this point in 1674. The building was probably rebuilt in these years because Fryer, who passed the place in 1676 and calls it "Pokutal", describes the Karavanserail as "a new, strong, square, large Inn" and continues: "it being built according to the best form, and capacious of a great number, both in the outward Sqare and inner Stables" (15). In 1677 a severe earthquake struck the areas of Laristan north of Lar (16) and must have destroyed the caravanserail, as it was destroyed the following year when Fryer returned to Shiraz via the Bander Abbas Lar route. In 1685, Kaempfer called a caravanserail "Rustennis" at this point; around 1694, Gemelli-Carreri called it rebuilt and described the place as "Pakutel" (17). Schillinger (18) is still mentioned by LeBrun in 1705. Aucher-Eloy, who recognized the place based on Chardin's description, also looked for it in vain in 1838 (19). fn. 13 Thêvenot a.0. 254; J. Tavernier, Voyages en Perse et description de cette royaune, Paris n.d., 317 fn. 14 Chardin a.0. 217 fn. 15 J. Fryer, New Account of East India and Persia in Eight Letters, Being Nine Years Travels Begun 1672 and Finished 1681, Edit. W. Crooke, Haklyut Soc. London, II (1912) 197 fn. 16 N.N. Ambrasey's C.P. Melville, A History of Persian Earthquakes (1982) 51 fn. 17 G.-F. Gemelli-Carreri, Giro del Mondo, II. Persia. Naples (16991704) 271 fn. 18 C. Schillinger, Persian and East Indian Rice. Hurnberg. (1707) fn. 19 P.II.R. Aucher-Eloy, Relations de Voyages on Orient de 1830 à 1838, II (1843) 528] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ ※ SOURCE for Kordeh « Persian text omitted. [At home, after passing from there to Kordeh village, there is another mountain on the left and right, and the road is on the left side of the mountain, and the mountain is half a farsakh away from the road. If it has not arrived, it will arrive, otherwise it is called illegible. You have to climb almost two thousand steps. When they reach the slope of the mountain, the village is cut until the neck, the road is smooth. At the pass, there is a caravanserai, four ponds and a spring of running water, a dwelling and a house.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 583 ※ SOURCE for Kourdagh « 15 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 385 ※ SOURCE for Kourdé « A son débouché est encore une citerne dont la forme est circulaire. A cinq cents pas, dans le voisinage de deux autres réservoirs, est un grand caravansérail du nom de Kourdé, nom qu'il prend d'un village que l'on voit sur la droite. Cette vallée, qui va de l'O. à l'E., renferme plusieurs autres caravansérails. [At its outlet is another cistern, the shape of which is circular. Five hundred paces away, in the vicinity of two other reservoirs, is a large caravanserai called Kourdé, a name it takes from a village seen on the right. This valley, which runs from W. to E., contains several other caravanserais.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 445-6 ※ SOURCE for Kuda-Poicotall « August. 13. We sett out from Larr (where we stayed 4 dayes extra for want of mules) and lodged at Kuda-Poicotall, a very large and convenient Caravan-Sarai, well stored with provisions.August 14. We dislodged from Kuda-Poicotal and travelled to Beeres, a pretty large Towne, and a spacious Caravan-Sarai, the best I have yet seen on yo Road, except that at Larr. Very bad Water, but plenty of Provisions. »#3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889~ vol. 1 pp. 205-6 ※ SOURCE for Pacurel « Il Venerdì primo d'Ottobre fatte 20. miglia di cammino per aridi monti, ci fermammo dopo ſette ore nel Karvan- ſerà di Pacurel; avendo laſciato cinque miglia prima il Karvanſerà, e Caſale di Dacu. [On the first Friday of October, having walked 20 miles across arid mountains, we stopped after seven hours in the Karvanſerà of Pacurel; having left five miles earlier the Karvanſerà, and Kaſale di Dacu.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 271 ※ SOURCE for Pai Chotali « We left that Village on our Left Hand, and continuing our way over an even Plain betwixt Corn-fields; about nine a Clock we came to a Kervanferay called Pai Chotali, that is to fay the foot of the Hill, becauſe it is near the Hills. ... On one fide of this Kervanferay there is a Ciftern, and a Well on the other, both covered with a Domes the Well is exceeding deep,and it is a confiderable time before the biggeft flone that may be thrown into it reaches the bottom: the water is drawn with a great Wheel, and poured into a ſquare Bafon near to it, from whence it paffes through a hole into another that is contiguous, and afterwards fills a large and long Trough for water- ing of the Horfes. There are many other Cifterns alfo here and there in the Fields. ... We parted not then till Sunday the nine and twentieth of March at Noon, con- tinuing our way Southwards: having fet forward half a quarter of an hour, we afcended the Hill, which is neither very high, nor very bad, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 130 ※ SOURCE for Pai-Kotali « Le vingt-septième, je partis à quatre heures du matin, et sur les sept heures je passai dans un village qui est dans une petite plaine. A une lieue de là je logeai dans un carvansera nommé Pai-Kotali, c'est-à-dire pied de montagne, parce que c'est au pied d'une montagne qu'il est bâti. [On the twenty-seventh, I left at four in the morning, and around seven I passed through a village which is in a small plain. A league from there I stayed in a carvansera called Pai-Kotali, that is to say mountain foot, because it is at the foot of a mountain that it is built.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 317 ※ SOURCE for Pakoetel « trokken dien zelven dag weer op reys, voorby een goede Karrawanſera, Pakoetel genaamd, reden weder over eenen ongemakkelyken berg van klip en Key-fleenen, zagen van de hoogte vervaarlyke tteile diepe afgron- den, dat een yder dée vreezen na om laag te zien. [that same day we set out again on Reys, passing a good Karrawanſera, called Pakoetel, rode again over an uncomfortable mountain of cliffs and Key-fleenen, saw from the height dangerous, steep, deep abysses, which everyone feared to see down below. .] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 265 ※ SOURCE for Picataw « [28th February]. About 4 afternoon sett out for Larr, 5 farsangs; the first two very good way till come to Picataw, a good caravensaroy lyeing at the foot of a great mountain which must clime over to goe the other three farsangs to Laar. Stoney way. note:Diary of 28 February 1707/8. Picataw. Pers. pa-i-kutal (or kûtal) 'foot of the pass.' The Pa Chotali of Thévenot (Pt. II, 167) and the Pokutal of Fryer (II, 197 and fn.). » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 43 and 49 ※ SOURCE for Pokutal « Among these droughty and uncouth Paths, having wearied our Steps for Three Pharsa?igs, we came to a Caravan Ser Raw, by Name Pokutal (1), at the foot of these Mountains, and the beginning of a spacious Plain fn. 1 Pa-i-Kutal, "foot of the pass," not marked on the maps. "A league from thence [a village in the plain after leaving Bihry] I lodged in the Inn called Pai-Cotali, that is to say, the foot of the mountain" (Tavernier, 253). It is probably the Kuda-Poicotal of Hedges (Diary, i, 205 f.). Near here Herbert (129) fixes "Deachow (or Techoo) which signifies a Towne under a hill." » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 197 ※ SOURCE for Rustehhennis « Von Däaku über eine lange, zuerst enge, dann breite Ebene ¾ Farsach SW + S zur Karawanserei Rustehhennis, von einem Kaufmann Aga Djumal (Agha Djamål) erbaut ¼ Farsach. - An dieser Karawanserei, am Fuße der Gebirges gelegen, hat ein Larscher Chân mit unbegreiflicher Mühe 140 Klafler tief durch Felsgrund einen Ziehbrunnen gehauen [From Däaku over a long, first narrow, then wide plain ¾ Farsach SW + S to the Rustehhennis caravanserai, built by a merchant Aga Djumal (Agha Djamål) ¼ Farsach. - At this caravanserai, located at the foot of the mountains, a Larscher Chân carved a well 140 fathoms deep through the bedrock with incomprehensible effort] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 120 K. Mo'allem-e Kasir : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.755991 long 54.065574 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Mo'allem-e Kasir , ※ SOURCE for K. Mo'allem-e Kasir « Karavanserail Mo'allem-e Kasir (Abb. 3; 239) (167)Lage: 7 km östlich von Evaz, 34 km westlich von Lar, in +920 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Qir nach Lar.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit Stallanbauten auf der West- seite und leicht vorgezogenem Portalbau. Ein ähnlicher Bau steht (unvermessen) 4 km westlich von EvazAbmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Anbauten und Stütz- pfeiler 13,60 × 13,60 m, Hofabmessungen 6 x 6 m. Höhen- maße sind nicht bekannt. fn. 167 R. Pohanka, AMI 17, 1984, 297f. Im Jahre 1986 war das Karavan- serail mit dem benachbarten Emamzadeh zu einem islamischen Komplex verbunden, den zu betreten Nichtmuselmanen nicht ge- stattet war. [Karavanserail Mo'allem-e Kasir (Fig. 3; 239) (167)Location: 7 km east of Evaz, 34 km west of Lar, at +920 m above sea level. N. N., on the road from Qir to Lar.Type: Hofkaravanserail with stable extensions on the west side and slightly advanced portal construction. A similar building stands (unmeasured) 4 km west of EvazDimensions: External dimensions without extensions and supporting pillars 13.60 × 13.60 m, courtyard dimensions 6 x 6 m. Height dimensions are not known. fn. 167 R. Pohanka, AMI 17, 1984, 297f. In 1986, the caravan serail was connected to the neighboring Emamzadeh to form an Islamic complex that non-Muslims were not allowed to enter.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 131 « Das nächste Karavanserail an dieser Strecke erreicht man nach Passieren der Stadt Gerash, etwa 7 km vor der Palmenoase Evaz. Es liegt direkt neben dem auffallenden Imamzadeh Moallem-e Kasir und entspricht in der Bauart dem Karavanserail Bahi, allerdings sind hier an den Längsseiten noch zwei rechteckige, mit einer Spitztonne überwölbte Stallungen ange- fügt, die beiden Räume zu beiden Seiten des Einganges sind mit flachen Kuppeln überdeckt. An der Westseite ist das heute noch bewohnte Bauwerk mit modernen Zubauten ergänzt (Abb. 11). [The next caravanserai on this route can be reached after passing the town of Gerash, about 7 km before the palm oasis of Evaz. It is located right next to the striking Imamzadeh Moallem-e Kasir and is similar in design to the Bahi caravanserai, but here two rectangular stables with pointed barrel vaults are added on the long sides, and the two rooms on either side of the entrance are covered with flat domes. On the west side, the building, which is still inhabited today, has been supplemented with modern additions (Fig. 11).] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ pp. 297 and 298 K. Mogh Ahmad : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.136074 long 56.021406 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Mogh Ahmad , ※ SOURCE for K. Mogh Ahmad « Karavanserail Mogh Ahmad (Taf. 25,2.3) (Abb. 7; 210)101Lage: 11 km westlich von Karavanserail Khan Sorkh (Khun Sorkh), 17 km östlich von Karavanserail Gecine (Gacin/Gachin), in +10 m ü. N.N., an der Route von Bandar-e Abbas nach Lar. [Caravanserail Mogh Ahmad (Plate 25,2.3) (Fig. 7; 210)101Location: 11 km west of Karavanserail Khan Sorkh (Khun Sorkh), 17 km east of Karavanserail Gecine (Gacin/Gachin), at +10 m above sea level. N.N., on the route from Bandar-e Abbas to Lar.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 117 [distances above do not correspond to those measured in GE. coordinate location of Mogh Ahmad given by IDAI.gazetteer as « Breite: 27.1, Länge: 56.0 (Genauigkeit: 3) » which is 4.5 kms SSW at a bearing of 206° from this location. determined location on basis of photographs matching those in Kleiss Tafels 25,2 and 25,3. PBR] K. Mokhak (Qadjar) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.726687 long 53.461115 VARIANT names: K. Mokhak (Qadjar) , mokhak caravanserai 1 , ※ SOURCE for K. Mokhak (Qadjar) « Karavanserail Mokhak (Taf. 23; 24,1) (Abb. 5; 190) 130Lage: 30 km südöstlich des Karavanserails Asemun- gerd, 23 km westlich von Qotb Abad und (Straße über Qotb Abad) 41 km nördlich von Djahrom, in + 1185 m ü. N. N., an der alten Hauptstraße von Shiraz über Djahrom und Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas. Am Ort sind ein größeres (qadjari- sches), ein kleineres (safavidisches) Karavanserail, die Spuren eines kleinen, älteren Baues von 24 × 24 m Außenmaßen und 17 x 17 m Hofabmessungen, eine Zisterne und ein Cahartaq- Emamzadeh voneinander zu unterscheiden (Abb. 190).Das größere Karavanserail:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, zwei Stallabtei- Jungen im rückwärtigen Flügel, breit gelagertem Portalbau und Wohnplattform in der Hofmitte. Abmessungen: Außenmaße 58,20 × 48,50 m, Hofabmes- sungen 36 × 36 m (Abb. 191), Höhe der Hoffassade 5,20 m, Höhe des Portalbaus 9,70 m (Abb. 192). Datierung: Qadjarisch, 19. Jahrhundert. Das kleinere Karavanserail:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit zwei Iwanen und im Westen angebautem Stalltrakt. Rundtürme an den Ecken und an den Courtinen. In der Hofmitte befindet sich ein Podest.Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Turmvorsprünge (einschließlich des Anbaus) 42,50 × 32 m, Hofabmessungen 25 × 19,50 m (Abb. 193), Höhe des Gebäudes ca. 4,30 m (Abb. 194).Der Abanbar (Zisterne):13,80 m äußerer Durchmesser, Kuppelhöhe über dem Boden 5,40 m. Die Zisterne ist etwa 6 m eingetieft (Abb. 195) und in Bruchstein mit Verputz erbaut.fn. 130 Die Gebäude des Karawanenhaltepunktes Mokhlak wurden am 28. 2. 1977 vermessen. [Karavanserail Mokhak (Plate 23; 24.1) (Fig. 5; 190) 130Location: 30 km southeast of the Asemungerd caravanserail, 23 km west of Qotb Abad and (road via Qotb Abad) 41 km north of Djahrom, at + 1185 m above sea level. N. N., on the old main road from Shiraz via Djahrom and Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. At the site, one can distinguish between a larger (Qadjar), a smaller (Safavid) caravan serail, the traces of a small, older building with external dimensions of 24 × 24 m and courtyard dimensions of 17 × 17 m, a cistern and a Cahartaq-Emamzadeh (Fig . 190).The larger caravanserail:Type: Court caravanserail with four iwans, two stable abbey boys in the rear wing, a wide portal structure and living platform in the middle of the courtyard. Dimensions: external dimensions 58.20 × 48.50 m, courtyard dimensions 36 × 36 m (Fig. 191), height of the courtyard facade 5.20 m, height of the portal building 9.70 m (Fig. 192). Dating: Qajar, 19th century. The smaller caravanserail:Type: Court caravanserail with two iwans and a stable wing attached to the west. Round towers at the corners and on the courts. There is a platform in the middle of the courtyard.Dimensions: External dimensions without tower projections (including the extension) 42.50 × 32 m, courtyard dimensions 25 × 19.50 m (Fig. 193), height of the building approx. 4.30 m (Fig. 194).The Abanbar (cistern):13.80 m external diameter, dome height above the ground 5.40 m. The cistern is about 6 m deep (Fig. 195) and built of quarry stone with plaster.fn. 130 The buildings of the Mokhlak caravan stop were surveyed on February 28, 1977.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 106-8 ※ SOURCE for mokhak caravanserai 1 « mokhak Caravanserai 1 Fars Jahrom Fars, km 30 of Jahrom-Shiraz road 6784 10/10/2002 Qajariyeh » #3368 Asar-e Sabti, List of Iranian national monuments (فهرست اثار ملی ایران), (Version 90 08 29): ~ registration number 6784 « . It seems that this caravanserai was built by Haj Mohammad Hassan Khan (the ruler of Jahrom) in 1250 AH (601). This caravanserai is currently used as a sheep pen. » #3365 Majid Mansouri, Archaeological Survey of the Kordian District, Jahrom, Fars, Iran (In Persian), Payam Baratshenas Magazine, 2015 yr.12:issue 23: ~ p. 88 K. Mokhak (Safavid) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.727201 long 53.460919 VARIANT names: K. Mokhak (Safavid) , Mokhak Caravanserai 2 , ※ SOURCE for K. Mokhak (Safavid) « Karavanserail Mokhak (Taf. 23; 24,1) (Abb. 5; 190) 130Lage: 30 km südöstlich des Karavanserails Asemun- gerd, 23 km westlich von Qotb Abad und (Straße über Qotb Abad) 41 km nördlich von Djahrom, in + 1185 m ü. N. N., an der alten Hauptstraße von Shiraz über Djahrom und Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas. Am Ort sind ein größeres (qadjari- sches), ein kleineres (safavidisches) Karavanserail, die Spuren eines kleinen, älteren Baues von 24 × 24 m Außenmaßen und 17 x 17 m Hofabmessungen, eine Zisterne und ein Cahartaq- Emamzadeh voneinander zu unterscheiden (Abb. 190).Das größere Karavanserail:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, zwei Stallabtei- Jungen im rückwärtigen Flügel, breit gelagertem Portalbau und Wohnplattform in der Hofmitte. Abmessungen: Außenmaße 58,20 × 48,50 m, Hofabmes- sungen 36 × 36 m (Abb. 191), Höhe der Hoffassade 5,20 m, Höhe des Portalbaus 9,70 m (Abb. 192). Datierung: Qadjarisch, 19. Jahrhundert. Das kleinere Karavanserail:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit zwei Iwanen und im Westen angebautem Stalltrakt. Rundtürme an den Ecken und an den Courtinen. In der Hofmitte befindet sich ein Podest.Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Turmvorsprünge (einschließlich des Anbaus) 42,50 × 32 m, Hofabmessungen 25 × 19,50 m (Abb. 193), Höhe des Gebäudes ca. 4,30 m (Abb. 194).Der Abanbar (Zisterne):13,80 m äußerer Durchmesser, Kuppelhöhe über dem Boden 5,40 m. Die Zisterne ist etwa 6 m eingetieft (Abb. 195) und in Bruchstein mit Verputz erbaut.fn. 130 Die Gebäude des Karawanenhaltepunktes Mokhlak wurden am 28. 2. 1977 vermessen. [Karavanserail Mokhak (Plate 23; 24.1) (Fig. 5; 190) 130Location: 30 km southeast of the Asemungerd caravanserail, 23 km west of Qotb Abad and (road via Qotb Abad) 41 km north of Djahrom, at + 1185 m above sea level. N. N., on the old main road from Shiraz via Djahrom and Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. At the site, one can distinguish between a larger (Qadjar), a smaller (Safavid) caravan serail, the traces of a small, older building with external dimensions of 24 × 24 m and courtyard dimensions of 17 × 17 m, a cistern and a Cahartaq-Emamzadeh (Fig . 190).The larger caravanserail:Type: Court caravanserail with four iwans, two stable abbey boys in the rear wing, a wide portal structure and living platform in the middle of the courtyard. Dimensions: external dimensions 58.20 × 48.50 m, courtyard dimensions 36 × 36 m (Fig. 191), height of the courtyard facade 5.20 m, height of the portal building 9.70 m (Fig. 192). Dating: Qajar, 19th century. The smaller caravanserail:Type: Court caravanserail with two iwans and a stable wing attached to the west. Round towers at the corners and on the courts. There is a platform in the middle of the courtyard.Dimensions: External dimensions without tower projections (including the extension) 42.50 × 32 m, courtyard dimensions 25 × 19.50 m (Fig. 193), height of the building approx. 4.30 m (Fig. 194).The Abanbar (cistern):13.80 m external diameter, dome height above the ground 5.40 m. The cistern is about 6 m deep (Fig. 195) and built of quarry stone with plaster.fn. 130 The buildings of the Mokhlak caravan stop were surveyed on February 28, 1977.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 106-8 ※ SOURCE for Mokhak Caravanserai 2 « Mokhak Caravanserai 2 Fars Jahrom Fars, km 30 on the road from Jahrom to Shiraz, on the right side of the road 6782 10/10/2002 Islamic » #3368 Asar-e Sabti, List of Iranian national monuments (فهرست اثار ملی ایران), (Version 90 08 29): ~ registration number 6782 « Caravanserai No. 2 of Mehak is located north of Caravanserai No. 1, which is almost different in terms of architecture. » #3365 Majid Mansouri, Archaeological Survey of the Kordian District, Jahrom, Fars, Iran (In Persian), Payam Baratshenas Magazine, 2015 yr.12:issue 23: ~ p. 88 K. Mokhak (small, older) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.726747 long 53.459518 VARIANT names: K. Mokhak (small, older) , Mokhak Cahartaq-Emamzadeh , ※ SOURCE for K. Mokhak (small, older) « Karavanserail Mokhak (Taf. 23; 24,1) (Abb. 5; 190) 130Lage: 30 km südöstlich des Karavanserails Asemun- gerd, 23 km westlich von Qotb Abad und (Straße über Qotb Abad) 41 km nördlich von Djahrom, in + 1185 m ü. N. N., an der alten Hauptstraße von Shiraz über Djahrom und Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas. Am Ort sind ein größeres (qadjari- sches), ein kleineres (safavidisches) Karavanserail, die Spuren eines kleinen, älteren Baues von 24 × 24 m Außenmaßen und 17 x 17 m Hofabmessungen, eine Zisterne und ein Cahartaq- Emamzadeh voneinander zu unterscheiden (Abb. 190).Das größere Karavanserail:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, zwei Stallabtei- Jungen im rückwärtigen Flügel, breit gelagertem Portalbau und Wohnplattform in der Hofmitte. Abmessungen: Außenmaße 58,20 × 48,50 m, Hofabmes- sungen 36 × 36 m (Abb. 191), Höhe der Hoffassade 5,20 m, Höhe des Portalbaus 9,70 m (Abb. 192). Datierung: Qadjarisch, 19. Jahrhundert. Das kleinere Karavanserail:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit zwei Iwanen und im Westen angebautem Stalltrakt. Rundtürme an den Ecken und an den Courtinen. In der Hofmitte befindet sich ein Podest.Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Turmvorsprünge (einschließlich des Anbaus) 42,50 × 32 m, Hofabmessungen 25 × 19,50 m (Abb. 193), Höhe des Gebäudes ca. 4,30 m (Abb. 194).Der Abanbar (Zisterne):13,80 m äußerer Durchmesser, Kuppelhöhe über dem Boden 5,40 m. Die Zisterne ist etwa 6 m eingetieft (Abb. 195) und in Bruchstein mit Verputz erbaut.fn. 130 Die Gebäude des Karawanenhaltepunktes Mokhlak wurden am 28. 2. 1977 vermessen. [Karavanserail Mokhak (Plate 23; 24.1) (Fig. 5; 190) 130Location: 30 km southeast of the Asemungerd caravanserail, 23 km west of Qotb Abad and (road via Qotb Abad) 41 km north of Djahrom, at + 1185 m above sea level. N. N., on the old main road from Shiraz via Djahrom and Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. At the site, one can distinguish between a larger (Qadjar), a smaller (Safavid) caravan serail, the traces of a small, older building with external dimensions of 24 × 24 m and courtyard dimensions of 17 × 17 m, a cistern and a Cahartaq-Emamzadeh (Fig . 190).The larger caravanserail:Type: Court caravanserail with four iwans, two stable abbey boys in the rear wing, a wide portal structure and living platform in the middle of the courtyard. Dimensions: external dimensions 58.20 × 48.50 m, courtyard dimensions 36 × 36 m (Fig. 191), height of the courtyard facade 5.20 m, height of the portal building 9.70 m (Fig. 192). Dating: Qajar, 19th century. The smaller caravanserail:Type: Court caravanserail with two iwans and a stable wing attached to the west. Round towers at the corners and on the courts. There is a platform in the middle of the courtyard.Dimensions: External dimensions without tower projections (including the extension) 42.50 × 32 m, courtyard dimensions 25 × 19.50 m (Fig. 193), height of the building approx. 4.30 m (Fig. 194).The Abanbar (cistern):13.80 m external diameter, dome height above the ground 5.40 m. The cistern is about 6 m deep (Fig. 195) and built of quarry stone with plaster.fn. 130 The buildings of the Mokhlak caravan stop were surveyed on February 28, 1977.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 106-8 ※ SOURCE for Mokhak Cahartaq-Emamzadeh « Karavanserail Mokhak (Taf. 23; 24,1) (Abb. 5; 190) 130Lage: 30 km südöstlich des Karavanserails Asemun- gerd, 23 km westlich von Qotb Abad und (Straße über Qotb Abad) 41 km nördlich von Djahrom, in + 1185 m ü. N. N., an der alten Hauptstraße von Shiraz über Djahrom und Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas. Am Ort sind ein größeres (qadjari- sches), ein kleineres (safavidisches) Karavanserail, die Spuren eines kleinen, älteren Baues von 24 × 24 m Außenmaßen und 17 x 17 m Hofabmessungen, eine Zisterne und ein Cahartaq- Emamzadeh voneinander zu unterscheiden (Abb. 190).Das größere Karavanserail:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, zwei Stallabtei- Jungen im rückwärtigen Flügel, breit gelagertem Portalbau und Wohnplattform in der Hofmitte. Abmessungen: Außenmaße 58,20 × 48,50 m, Hofabmes- sungen 36 × 36 m (Abb. 191), Höhe der Hoffassade 5,20 m, Höhe des Portalbaus 9,70 m (Abb. 192). Datierung: Qadjarisch, 19. Jahrhundert. Das kleinere Karavanserail:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit zwei Iwanen und im Westen angebautem Stalltrakt. Rundtürme an den Ecken und an den Courtinen. In der Hofmitte befindet sich ein Podest.Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Turmvorsprünge (einschließlich des Anbaus) 42,50 × 32 m, Hofabmessungen 25 × 19,50 m (Abb. 193), Höhe des Gebäudes ca. 4,30 m (Abb. 194).Der Abanbar (Zisterne):13,80 m äußerer Durchmesser, Kuppelhöhe über dem Boden 5,40 m. Die Zisterne ist etwa 6 m eingetieft (Abb. 195) und in Bruchstein mit Verputz erbaut.fn. 130 Die Gebäude des Karawanenhaltepunktes Mokhlak wurden am 28. 2. 1977 vermessen. [Karavanserail Mokhak (Plate 23; 24.1) (Fig. 5; 190) 130Location: 30 km southeast of the Asemungerd caravanserail, 23 km west of Qotb Abad and (road via Qotb Abad) 41 km north of Djahrom, at + 1185 m above sea level. N. N., on the old main road from Shiraz via Djahrom and Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. At the site, one can distinguish between a larger (Qadjar), a smaller (Safavid) caravan serail, the traces of a small, older building with external dimensions of 24 × 24 m and courtyard dimensions of 17 × 17 m, a cistern and a Cahartaq-Emamzadeh (Fig . 190).The larger caravanserail:Type: Court caravanserail with four iwans, two stable abbey boys in the rear wing, a wide portal structure and living platform in the middle of the courtyard. Dimensions: external dimensions 58.20 × 48.50 m, courtyard dimensions 36 × 36 m (Fig. 191), height of the courtyard facade 5.20 m, height of the portal building 9.70 m (Fig. 192). Dating: Qajar, 19th century. The smaller caravanserail:Type: Court caravanserail with two iwans and a stable wing attached to the west. Round towers at the corners and on the courts. There is a platform in the middle of the courtyard.Dimensions: External dimensions without tower projections (including the extension) 42.50 × 32 m, courtyard dimensions 25 × 19.50 m (Fig. 193), height of the building approx. 4.30 m (Fig. 194).The Abanbar (cistern):13.80 m external diameter, dome height above the ground 5.40 m. The cistern is about 6 m deep (Fig. 195) and built of quarry stone with plaster.fn. 130 The buildings of the Mokhlak caravan stop were surveyed on February 28, 1977.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 106-8 K. Mudkhun (Mudkhrun) (older) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 28.565949 long 53.089395 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: unable to see any indication of ruins. coordinates based on estimate from Abb. 218 Karavanserail Mudkhun (Mudkhrun), Lageskizze VARIANT names: K. Mudkhun (Mudkhrun) (older) , ※ SOURCE for K. Mudkhun (Mudkhrun) (older) « Karavanserail Mudkhun (Mudkhrun) (Taf. 28,2.3) (Abb. 5; 218)Lage: 60 km westlich von Djahrom und etwa 25 km südwestlich der Station 40 km westlich von Djahrom, ca. (geschätzt) 20 km Luftlinie östlich des Abanbar beim Felsre- lief von Qir, in +880 m ü. N.N., am Karawanenweg von Firuzabad nach Djahrom. Es sind am Ort ein älterer und ein jüngerer Bau zu unterscheiden.Älteres Karavanserail:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit zwei Iwanen, vier Stallabtei- lungen, vorgezogenem, aber dezentralem Portalbau und ab- gerundeten Ecken (Abb. 220).Abmessungen: Außenmaße 30,20 × 27,20 m, Hofabmes- sungen 13,70 × 12,50 m, teilweise erhaltene Höhe etwa 3 m. Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Sehr stark zer- stört.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Als Vorgängerbau des größeren Karavan- serails wahrscheinlich in safavidischer oder Karim-Khan-e Zand-Zeit errichtet. [Mudkhun (Mudkhrun) caravanserai (Table 28,2.3) (Fig. 5; 218)Location: 60 km west of Djahrom and about 25 km southwest of the station 40 km west of Djahrom, about (estimated) 20 km as the crow flies east of the Abanbar near the rock relief of Qir, at +880 m above sea level, on the caravan route from Firuzabad to Djahrom. An older and a younger building can be distinguished at the site.Older caravanserai:Type: Court caravanserai with two iwans, four stable sections, projecting but decentralized portal structure and rounded corners (Fig. 220).Dimensions: External dimensions 30.20 × 27.20 m, courtyard dimensions 13.70 × 12.50 m, partially preserved height about 3 m. Building material: quarry stone.Structural features and condition: Very badly damaged.Inscriptions: none known.Dating: As a predecessor to the larger caravanserai, probably built in the Safavid or Karim-Khan-e Zand period.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 121 K. Mudkhun (Mudkhrun) (Qadjarisch) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.566282 long 53.089943 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Mudkhun (Mudkhrun) (Qadjarisch) , ※ SOURCE for K. Mudkhun (Mudkhrun) (Qadjarisch) « Karavanserail Mudkhun (Mudkhrun) (Taf. 28,2.3) (Abb. 5; 218)Lage: 60 km westlich von Djahrom und etwa 25 km südwestlich der Station 40 km westlich von Djahrom, ca. (geschätzt) 20 km Luftlinie östlich des Abanbar beim Felsre- lief von Qir, in +880 m ü. N.N., am Karawanenweg von Firuzabad nach Djahrom. Es sind am Ort ein älterer und ein jüngerer Bau zu unterscheiden.Jüngeres Karavanserail:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, zwei Stallabtei- lungen beiderseits des Portals und einem oktogonalen Raum in der Südecke des Gebäudes. Der nördliche und der östliche sowie der westliche Eckraum dürften ebenfalls als Ställe ge- nutzt worden sein. Der Bau hat runde Türme an den Ecken (Abb. 219).Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Turmvorsprünge 35,50 × 31,50 m, Hofabmessungen 21,20 x 21,20 m, Höhe der Hoffassaden etwa 3,50 m.Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Gut erhalten, wird landwirtschaftlich genutzt.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Qadjarisch, 19. Jahrhundert. [Mudkhun (Mudkhrun) Caravanserai (Table 28,2.3) (Fig. 5; 218)Location: 60 km west of Djahrom and about 25 km southwest of the station 40 km west of Djahrom, about (estimated) 20 km as the crow flies east of the Abanbar near the rock relief of Qir, at +880 m above sea level, on the caravan route from Firuzabad to Djahrom. An older and a younger building can be distinguished at the site.Younger caravanserai:Type: Court caravanserai with four iwans, two stable sections on either side of the portal and an octagonal room in the south corner of the building. The northern, eastern and western corner rooms may also have been used as stables. The building has round towers at the corners (Fig. 219).Dimensions: external dimensions without tower projections 35.50 × 31.50 m, courtyard dimensions 21.20 x 21.20 m, height of the courtyard facades about 3.50 m.Building material: quarry stone.Structural features and condition: well preserved, used for agricultural purposes.Inscriptions: none known.Dating: Qajar, 19th century.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 121 K. Muzar (octagonal) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.259675 long 53.822258 VARIANT names: K. Muzar (octagonal) , ※ SOURCE for K. Muzar (octagonal) « Das Karavanserail Muzar, das nach Orta Rebelo um 1605 erbaut worden sein dürfte (32), wird als oktogonales Gebäude beschrieben, welches im Auftrag eines „Cambarabeque, Gouverneur von Laar" errichtet wurde. Hedges sah es 1685 in Ruinen liegend (33), Gemelli-Carreri 1694 (34) und LeBrun 1705 (35) beschreiben es als wieder neu erbaut.fn. 32 Nicolao de Orta Rebelo, Relation de Voyage. In: J. v. Serrao, Un voyageur portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle (1972) 111. fn. 33 Hedges30 206.fn. 34 Gemelli-Carreri17, Giro del Mondo, II. Persia, Nea- pel (1699-1704) 270. » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 294-5 K. Nimar : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.555991 long 54.417599 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: The location details given by Kleiss and Pohanka are not sufficient to confirm the correct coordinates and this needs to be verified. VARIANT names: K. Nimar , Misidarga , Nimar (large K.) , ※ SOURCE for K. Nimar « Karavanserail Nimar (Abb. 5; 250) 176Lage: 5 km südöstlich von Senakhet, 22 km nordöstlich von Hormud-e Bagh (Provinz Hormozgan), in +760 m ü. N. N., am Weg von Lar nach Bastak und Bandar-e Lan- geh.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vorgezogenem Portal, über dem ein Wachtturm steht, und Stallungen im Ost- und im Westflügel.Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Portalvorsprung 33 × 26,80 m, Hofabmessungen 17 × 17 m, Höhe der Hoffassaden 3,80 m, Höhe des Wachtturmes 7,70 m (Abb. 251). [Nimar Caravanserail (Fig. 5; 250) 176Location: 5 km southeast of Senakhet, 22 km northeast of Hormud-e Bagh (Hormozgan Province), at +760 m above sea level, on the way from Lar to Bastak and Bandar-e Lan.Type: Courtyard caravanserail with projecting portal, above which stands a watchtower, and stables in the east and west wings.Dimensions: External dimensions without portal projection 33 × 26.80 m, courtyard dimensions 17 × 17 m, height of the courtyard facades 3.80 m, height of the watchtower 7.70 m (Fig. 251).] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 136 « zwei Kilometer weiter und etwas abseits der Straße steht ein großes, 29 x 29 m messendes Karavanserail aus schön behauenen Steinen, in dem sich heute der Gendarmerieposten von Nimar befindet (Abb. 14, Taf. 6/2). Der Bau entspricht in seinen Aussehen und Grundriß den Karavanserails der Route Bander Abbas – Lar – Jahrom Shiraz und dürfte etwa in die gleiche Zeit, also in die erste Hilfte des 17. Jhts. zu datieren sein. Nimar ist ein Hofkaravanserail und weist an jeder Seito fünf Kammern auf, die quadratischen Eckrifume werden von den abgeschrägten Ecken aus betreten. Zu beiden Seiten des mit einem Turn verschenen Einganges führen kurze, steile Treppen zum Dach der Kammern. Auffallend ist die große Ähnlichkeit von Nimar zun ersten Karavanserail auf der Strecke Lar Bander Abbas, Tang-i Jao (Abb. 15, Taf. 7). [Two kilometers further on and somewhat off the road stands a large caravanserai made of beautifully hewn stone, measuring 29 x 29 m, which today houses the Nimar gendarmerie post (Fig. 14, Pl. 6/2). The building's appearance and layout correspond to the caravanserai on the Bander Abbas - Lar - Jahrom Shiraz route and can probably be dated to around the same time, i.e. to the first half of the 17th century. Nimar is a court caravanserai and has five chambers on each side, the square corner rifums are entered from the beveled corners. On both sides of the entrance, which is closed off with a tower, short, steep stairs lead to the roof of the chambers. The great similarity between Nimar and the first caravanserai on the Lar Bander Abbas, Tang-i Jao route is striking (Fig. 15, Pl. 7).] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ p. 11 ※ SOURCE for Misidarga « The day of the 7th we left at the 20th hour and traveled until the Angelus. We rested in a caravanserai called Misidarga and left two hours before daylight on the 8th. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 292 ※ SOURCE for Nimar (large K.) « zwei Kilometer weiter und etwas abseits der Straße steht ein großes, 29 x 29 m messendes Karavanserail aus schön behauenen Steinen, in dem sich heute der Gen- darmerieposten von Nimar befindet (Abb. 13; Taf. 33,3). Der Bau entspricht in seinem Aussehen und Grundriß den Karavanserails der Route Bander Abbas Lar Djahrom Shiraz und dürfte etwa in die gleiche Zeit, also in die erste Hälfte des 17. Jhs. zu datieren sein. Nimar ist ein Hofkaravanserail und weist an jeder Seite fünf Kammern auf, die quadratischen Eckräume werden von den abgeschrägten Ecken aus betreten. Zu beiden Seiten des mit einem Turm versehenen Einganges führen kurze, steile Treppen zum Dach der Kammern. Auffallend ist die große Ähnlichkeit von Ni- mar zum ersten Karavanserail auf der Strecke Lar Bandar Abbas, Tang-e Nao (Abb. 14; Taf. 33,4). Es kann wohl mit Recht angenom- men werden, daß man hier zweimal den glei- chen Grundriß verwendet hat, beide Bauten dürften etwa zur selben Zeit entstanden sein (50). Den europäischen Reisenden war der Ort bekannt, Hedges nennt ihn "Nimma" (51), Gemelli-Carreri hat "Nimba" und Pereira Fidalgo "Niman" (53). fn. 50 Gaube1 46.fn. 51 Hedges30 204.fn. 52 Gemelli-Carreril17 273.fn. 53 Aubin49 37. [Two kilometers further on and somewhat off the road stands a large caravanserai made of beautifully hewn stone, measuring 29 x 29 m, which today houses the Nimar gendarmerie post (Fig. 13; Plate 33,3). The building's appearance and layout correspond to the caravanserai on the Bander Abbas Lar Djahrom Shiraz route and can be dated to about the same time, i.e. to the first half of the 17th century. Nimar is a court caravanserai and has five chambers on each side; the square corner rooms are entered from the slanted corners. On both sides of the entrance with a tower, short, steep stairs lead to the roof of the chambers. Nimar is strikingly similar to the first caravanserai on the Lar Bandar Abbas, Tang-e Nao route (Fig. 14; Plate 33,4). It can be assumed with good reason that the same floor plan was used twice here, both buildings were probably built at about the same time (50). The place was known to European travellers, Hedges calls it "Nimma" (51), Gemelli-Carreri "Nimba" and Pereira Fidalgo "Niman" (53). fn. 50 Gaube1 46. fn. 51 Hedges30 204. fn. 52 Gemelli-Carreril17 273. fn. 53 Aubin49 37.] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 302 K. Pol-e Kul : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.181875 long 55.778979 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Pol-e Kul , ※ SOURCE for K. Pol-e Kul(Arch. Site) « Karavanserail Pol-e Kul (Abb. 7; 214) (103)Lage: 25 km westlich des Karavanserails Gecine (Gacin/Gachin), am östlichen Brückenkopf des über 1 km langen, zweiteiligen, durch einen Damm verbundenen Brückenüberganges über den Rud-e Kul, in + 15 m ü. N.N., [Karavanserail Pol-e Kul (Fig. 7; 214) (103)Location: 25 km west of the Gecine caravanserail (Gacin/Gachin), at the eastern bridgehead of the over 1 km long, two-part bridge crossing over the Rud-e Kul, connected by a causeway, at + 15 m above sea level. N.N., ] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 120 K. Posht-e Sangar : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.741824 long 54.324033 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Posht-e Sangar , Ostami , ※ SOURCE for K. Posht-e Sangar « Karavanserail Posht-e Sangar (Abb. 5; 229) 160Lage: 13 km südwestlich von Kurdeh und 14 km nörd- lich von Lar, an der Straße von Djahrom nach Lar.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit Eingängen im Süden und im Westen, keine Iwan-Bildung, halbrunde Wandvorlagen an den Außenwänden. Stallungen beiderseits des südlichen Portals. Abmessungen: Außenmaße 15,50 × 15,40 m, Hofabmes- sungen 8,30 × 8,30 m, Gebäudehöhe 3,10 m. [Karavanserail Posht-e Sangar (Fig. 5; 229) 160Location: 13 km southwest of Kurdeh and 14 km north of Lar, on the road from Djahrom to Lar.Type: Hofkaravanserail with entrances in the south and west, no iwan formation, semicircular wall templates on the outer walls. Stables on either side of the southern portal. Dimensions: external dimensions 15.50 × 15.40 m, courtyard dimensions 8.30 × 8.30 m, building height 3.10 m. ] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 128 ※ SOURCE for Ostami « We took the road behind the fortress through dry and arid mountains, similar to the ones we had passed. There was not a single tree because of the excessive heat from the sun. Around the second hour of the night, I stopped in a little plain at a cistern that is close to a caravanserai called Ostami. There I waited until the arrival of the others, and together we continued the trip » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 294 K. Sar Tang (Sartang) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.356311 long 55.047986 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Sar Tang (Sartang) , KM074 (Gaube) , ※ SOURCE for K. Sar Tang (Sartang) « Karavanserail Sar Tang (Sartang) (Abb. 7; 235) (116)Lage: 11 km nordwestlich von Tang-e Dalan, etwa 14 km südlich von Hadji Agha Djamal (Provinz Fars), am West- ausgang der Schlucht Tang-e Dalan als letzte Karawanensta- tion in der Provinz Hormoz (Höhenangabe ist nicht be- kannt), am alten Karawanenweg von Bandar-e Abbas nach Lar (nicht identisch mit der modernen Straße).Typ: Sternförmiger Grundriß, von einem Sechseck ausstrahlend. [Caravanserail Sar Tang (Sartang) (Fig. 7; 235) (116)Location: 11 km northwest of Tang-e Dalan, about 14 km south of Hadji Agha Djamal (Fars Province), at the western exit of the Tang-e Dalan gorge as the last caravan station in Hormoz Province (altitude is not known ), on the old caravan route from Bandar-e Abbas to Lar (not identical to the modern road).Type: Star-shaped plan, radiating from a hexagon. ] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 129 ※ SOURCE for KM074 (Gaube) « KM 074: Hinter der Station Tang-e Delän beginnt ein schwieriger Wegabschnitt durch den Tang (Schlucht)-e Delän. Mehrmals ein Flußbett durchquerend, erreicht man hinter dem Westausgang der Schlucht die kleine Station Sar-e Tang (Fig. 8). Dieses teils aus grob-rechteckig behauenen, teils aus Feldsteinen errichtete Bauwerk besteht aus einem zentralen, überkuppelten Sechseck von ca. 5 m Durchmesser, von dem sechs Tonnengewölbe sternförmig abgehen. [KM 074: Behind the Tang-e Delän station begins a difficult section of the trail through the Tang (gorge)-e Delän. Crossing a riverbed several times, you reach the small station Sar-e Tang behind the western exit of the gorge (Fig. 8). This building, partly made of roughly rectangular hewn stones and partly made of field stone, consists of a central, domed hexagon with a diameter of approx. 5 m, from which six barrel vaults extend in a star shape.] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 44 [distance 74 kms more like 67 kms. PBR] K. Senakhet : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.56397 long 54.405432 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Senakhet , K. Typ Senachet (Pohanka , Nimar (small K.) , ※ SOURCE for K. Senakhet « Karavanserail Senakhet (Abb. s; 248) (175)Lage: 5 km südöstlich des in Richtung Lar benachbarten Karavanserails, 5 km nordwestlich von Karavanserail Nimar, in +870 m ü. N.N., am Weg von Lar nach Bastak. Neben dem Karavanserail eine runde Zisterne (nicht vermessen).Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit zwei in einer Achse liegen- den Eingangsiwanen und sechs Stallabteilungen, keine be- sonderen Unterkunftsräume (Abb. 249).Abmessungen: Außenmaße 17,80 × 17,10 m, Hofabmes- sungen 10,30 × 9,70 m, Gebäudehöhe 3,50 m.Baumaterial: Bruchstein, verputzt.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Gut erhalten.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Safavidisch oder qadjarisch (17.-19. Jahr- hundert).fn. 175 Der Bau wurde am 15. 3. 1986 vermessen. - R. Pohanka, AMI 17, 1984, 300, [Senakhet Caravanserai (Fig. s; 248) (175)Location: 5 km southeast of the neighboring caravanserai in the direction of Lar, 5 km northwest of Nimar Caravanserai, at +870 m above sea level, on the way from Lar to Bastak. Next to the caravanserai there is a round cistern (not measured).Type: Courtyard caravanserai with two entrance iwans on one axis and six stable sections, no special accommodation rooms (Fig. 249).Dimensions: External dimensions 17.80 × 17.10 m, courtyard dimensions 10.30 × 9.70 m, building height 3.50 m.Building material: quarry stone, plastered.Structural features and condition: well preserved.Inscriptions: none known.Dating: Safavid or Qajar (17th-19th century).fn. 175 The building was surveyed on March 15, 1986. - R. Pohanka, AMI 17, 1984, 300,] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 135 ※ SOURCE for K. Typ Senachet (Pohanka « Die Straße führt von Senachet über eine leicht nach Suden abfallende Ebene rund acht Kilometer bis zu dem kleinen Dorf Nimar, an dessen Westrand zwei weitere Karavanserails stehen. Man erreicht zunächst einen kleinen Bau vom Typ Senachet [The road leads from Senachet over a gently sloping plain to the south for around eight kilometres to the small village of Nimar, on the western edge of which there are two more caravanserai. You first reach a small building of the Senachet type] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ pp. 10-11 ※ SOURCE for Nimar (small K.) « Die Straße führt von Senakhet über eine leicht nach Süden abfallende Ebene rund acht Kilo- meter bis zu dem kleinen Dorf Nimar, an des- sen Westrand zwei weitere Karavanserails ste- hen. Man erreicht zunächst einen kleinen Bau vom Typ Senakhet, [The road leads from Senakhet over a gently sloping plain to the south for around eight kilometres to the small village of Nimar, on the western edge of which there are two more caravanserai. You first reach a small building of the Senakhet type,] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 302 K. Shah Abbas, Beriz : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.956079 long 54.332033 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Shah Abbas, Beriz , ※ SOURCE for K. Shah Abbas, Beriz « Karawanenhaltepunkt Beriz (Abb. 5; 226)157Lage: 17 km südöstlich von Khole (Dehra), 15 km nord- westlich von Dehkuyeh, an der Straße von Djahrom nach Lar. Am Ort sind nördlich einer Burganlage zwei Karavan- serails zu unterscheiden, das Karavanserail Shah Abbas (sa- favidisch) und ein qadjarischer Neubau.Das Karavanserail Shah Abbas:Typ: Hofkaravanserail ohne ausgeprägte Iwanbildung, mit vierseitig umlaufendem Stallgang und halbrunden Flan- kierungstürmen am Portal (Abb. 227).Abmessungen: Außenmaße 53 × 47,50 m, Hofabmessun-gen 33 × 25 m, [Beriz caravan stopping point (Fig. 5; 226)157Location: 17 km southeast of Khole (Dehra), 15 km northwest of Dehkuyeh, on the road from Djahrom to Lar. At the site, two caravan serails can be distinguished north of a castle complex, the Shah Abbas caravan serail (Safavid) and a new Qajar building.The Shah Abbas Caravanserail:Type: Court caravan serail without a pronounced iwan formation, with a four-sided stable corridor and semicircular flanking towers on the portal (Fig. 227).Dimensions: external dimensions 53 × 47.50 m, yard dimensions33 × 25 m,] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 125 K. südlich Lar/Khur : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.583313 long 54.362424 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: 2 cisterns located nearby. 6.5 m diameter cistern 144 m heading 67° and 10.5 m diameter cistern at 204 m heading 57° VARIANT names: K. südlich Lar/Khur , Pohanka erste K. , Sarai Seh Nakhud , Senakhet K. , ※ SOURCE for K. südlich Lar/Khur « Karavanserail südlich Lar/Kour (Abb. 5,240) Lage: 10 km südlich Lar/Khur (14 km südlich des Zen- trums von Lar), 5 km nordwestlich des Karavanserails Senak- het, in + 850 m ü. N.N., am Karawanenweg von Lar nach Bastak und Bandar-e Langeh.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit zwei in einer Achse liegenden Eingangsiwanen und sechs Stallabteilungen, keine besonderen Unterkunftsräume. Abmessungen: Außenmaße 18 x 17,60 m, Hofabmes- sungen 10,50 x 9 m, Gebäudehöhe maximal 3,20 m. [Karavanserail south of Lar/Kour (Fig. 5,240) Location: 10 km south of Lar/Khur (14 km south of the center of Lar), 5 km northwest of the Senakhet caravanserail, at + 850 m above sea level. N.N., on the caravan route from Lar to Bastak and Bandar-e Langeh. Type: Court caravanserail with two entrance iwans lying on one axis and six stable compartments, no special accommodation rooms. Dimensions: external dimensions 18 x 17.60 m, yard dimensions 10.50 x 9 m, building height maximum 3.20 m. ] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 134-5 ※ SOURCE for Pohanka erste K. « nach dessen Überquerung man die kleine, heute abgekonmeno Siedlung Senachet erreicht, auf deren Resten dan erste Karavanserail an dieser Strecke steht (Abb. 13, Taf. 6/1). Es kann als Grundtyp für alle Karavanserails der qajarischen Zeit auf dieser Strecke gelten, alle anderen Bauten mit Ausnahme des Karavanserails von Bastak unterscheiden sich nur in den Maßen, nicht aber in der Raumeinteilung und Bauart von Senachet.Der quadratische Bau mißt 14 x 14 m und ist als kleines Hofkaravanserail zu bezeichnen. Es weist zwei sich gegenüberliegende Eingänge auf, zu deren Seiten sich zwei rechteckige Räume anschließen welche wie die an den Längsseiten befindlichen Kammern mit Tonnengewölben überdeckt sind. Die Eingänge weisen flache Muppeln auf mit denen der aus Bruchsteinen errichtete Bau deñoch nur eine größte Höhe von 3.5 m erreicht. [After crossing it, you reach the small, now deserted settlement of Senachet, on whose remains the first caravanserai on this route stands (Fig. 13, Plate 6/1). It can be considered the basic type for all caravanserai of the Qajar period on this route, all other buildings with the exception of the caravanserai of Bastak differ from Senachet only in their dimensions, but not in the room layout and construction. The square building measures 14 x 14 m and can be described as a small courtyard caravanserai. It has two opposite entrances, on the sides of which there are two rectangular rooms which, like the chambers on the long sides, are covered with barrel vaults. The entrances have flat mullions with which the building, built from rubble stone, only reaches a maximum height of 3.5 m.] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ p. 10 ※ SOURCE for Sarai Seh Nakhud « Sarai Seh Nakhud (Sain Khud) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} ※ SOURCE for Senakhet K. « nach dessen Überquerung man die kleine, heute abgekommene Siedlung Senakhet er- reicht, auf deren Resten das erste Karavan- serail an dieser Strecke steht (Abb. 12; Taf. 34,2). Es kann als Grundtyp für alle Karavan- serails der qadjarischen Zeit auf dieser Strecke gelten, alle anderen Bauten mit Ausnahme des Karavanserails von Bastak unterscheiden sich nur in den Maßen, nicht aber in der Raumein- teilung und Bauart von Senakhet. Der quadratische Bau mißt 14 x 14 m und ist als kleines Hofkaravanserail zu bezeichnen. Es weist zwei sich gegenüberliegende Eingänge auf, zu deren Seiten sich zwei rechteckige Räume anschließen, welche wie die an den Längsseiten befindlichen Kammern mit Ton- nengewölben überdeckt sind. Die Eingänge weisen flache Kuppeln auf, mit denen der aus Bruchsteinen errichtete Bau dennoch nur eine größte Höhe von 3,5 m erreicht. [After crossing it, you reach the small, now abandoned settlement of Senakhet, on whose remains the first caravanserail on this route stands (Fig. 12; Plate 34,2). It can be considered the basic type for all caravanserails of the Qajar period on this route; all other buildings with the exception of the caravanserail of Bastak differ from Senakhet only in their dimensions, but not in the room layout and construction style. The square building measures 14 x 14 m and can be described as a small courtyard caravanserail. It has two entrances facing each other, on the sides of which there are two rectangular rooms, which, like the chambers on the long sides, are covered with barrel vaults. The entrances have flat domes, with which the building, built from rubble stone, only reaches a maximum height of 3.5 m.] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ pp. 300-2 K. südlich Lar/Khur (2) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.583539 long 54.363242 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. südlich Lar/Khur (2) , ※ SOURCE for K. südlich Lar/Khur (2) « In der Nähe des Karavanserails steht ein Kleinkaravan- serail: Typ: Einräumiger Rechteckbau mit iwanartig betontem Eingang (Abb. 247). Abmessungen: Außenmaße 8,50 × 4,50 m, Gebäudehöhe 2,90 m. [There is a small caravanserail near the caravanserail: Type: Single-room rectangular building with an iwan-like entrance (Fig. 247). Dimensions: External dimensions 8.50 × 4.50 m, building height 2.90 m.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 135 K. Tang-e Nao (Pavilion) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.668028 long 54.541792 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Tang-e Nao (Pavilion) , ※ SOURCE for K. Tang-e Nao (Pavilion) « Karavanserail Tang-e Nao (Taf. 28,4) (Abb. 5; 255)(179) Lage: 31 km östlich von Lar, 15 km westlich Cahar Berkeh, in + 740 m ü. N.N., an der safavidischen Straße von Shiraz über Djahrom und Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas. Am Ort sind zu unterscheiden: Ein safavidisches Pavil hlon-Karavanserail, die Ruine eines wohl safavidischen Hof- 1 karavanserails und ein qadjarisches Karavanserail.fn. 179 Die Bauten in Tang-e Nao wurden am 15.3. 1986 vermessen. Der Grundriß des qadjarischen Karavanserails wurde von R. Pohanka, AMI 17, 1984, 304, trotz einiger Fehler, übernommen, denn der Bau war unzugänglich. Das qadjarische Karavanserail: Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit einem Eingangsiwan und Räumen um den Hof gereiht, sowie vorgezogenem, turmar- tigem Portalbau. Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Portalvorsprung und ohne Stützpfeiler 28,40 × 28,20 m, Hofabmessungen 19,20 X 18,80 m, Höhe der Hoffassaden 3,90 m, Höhe des Portalbaus 6,30 m. Baumaterial: Bruchstein, verputzt. Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Gut erhalten, wird landwirtschaftlich genutzt. [Tang-e Nao Caravanserai (Table 28.4) (Fig. 5; 255)(179) Location: 31 km east of Lar, 15 km west of Cahar Berkeh, at + 740 m above sea level, on the Safavid road from Shiraz via Djahrom and Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. The following can be distinguished at the site: a Safavid pavilion caravanserai, the ruins of a probably Safavid court caravanserai and a Qajar caravanserai. fn. 179 The buildings in Tang-e Nao were surveyed on March 15, 1986. The ground plan of the Qajar caravanserai was adopted by R. Pohanka, AMI 17, 1984, 304, despite some errors, because the building was inaccessible. The Qajar caravanserai: Type: Courtyard caravanserai with an entrance iwan and rooms arranged around the courtyard, as well as a tower-like portal structure. Dimensions: External dimensions without portal projection and without supporting pillars 28.40 × 28.20 m, courtyard dimensions 19.20 x 18.80 m, height of the courtyard facades 3.90 m, height of the portal structure 6.30 m. Building material: quarry stone, plastered. Structural features and condition: Well preserved, used for agricultural purposes. ] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 136-140 K. Tang-e Nao (Qajar) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.667904 long 54.541389 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Tang-e Nao (Qajar) , ※ SOURCE for K. Tang-e Nao (Qajar) « Karavanserail Tang-e Nao (Taf. 28,4) (Abb. 5; 255)(179) Lage: 31 km östlich von Lar, 15 km westlich Cahar Berkeh, in + 740 m ü. N.N., an der safavidischen Straße von Shiraz über Djahrom und Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas. Am Ort sind zu unterscheiden: Ein safavidisches Pavil hlon-Karavanserail, die Ruine eines wohl safavidischen Hof- 1 karavanserails und ein qadjarisches Karavanserail.fn. 179 Die Bauten in Tang-e Nao wurden am 15.3. 1986 vermessen. Der Grundriß des qadjarischen Karavanserails wurde von R. Pohanka, AMI 17, 1984, 304, trotz einiger Fehler, übernommen, denn der Bau war unzugänglich. Das qadjarische Karavanserail: Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit einem Eingangsiwan und Räumen um den Hof gereiht, sowie vorgezogenem, turmar- tigem Portalbau. Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Portalvorsprung und ohne Stützpfeiler 28,40 × 28,20 m, Hofabmessungen 19,20 X 18,80 m, Höhe der Hoffassaden 3,90 m, Höhe des Portalbaus 6,30 m. Baumaterial: Bruchstein, verputzt. Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Gut erhalten, wird landwirtschaftlich genutzt. [Tang-e Nao Caravanserai (Table 28.4) (Fig. 5; 255)(179) Location: 31 km east of Lar, 15 km west of Cahar Berkeh, at + 740 m above sea level, on the Safavid road from Shiraz via Djahrom and Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. The following can be distinguished at the site: a Safavid pavilion caravanserai, the ruins of a probably Safavid court caravanserai and a Qajar caravanserai. fn. 179 The buildings in Tang-e Nao were surveyed on March 15, 1986. The ground plan of the Qajar caravanserai was adopted by R. Pohanka, AMI 17, 1984, 304, despite some errors, because the building was inaccessible. The Qajar caravanserai: Type: Courtyard caravanserai with an entrance iwan and rooms arranged around the courtyard, as well as a tower-like portal structure. Dimensions: External dimensions without portal projection and without supporting pillars 28.40 × 28.20 m, courtyard dimensions 19.20 x 18.80 m, height of the courtyard facades 3.90 m, height of the portal structure 6.30 m. Building material: quarry stone, plastered. Structural features and condition: Well preserved, used for agricultural purposes. ] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 136-140 K. Tang-e Nao (Savavid) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.668107 long 54.539936 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Tang-e Nao (Savavid) , ※ SOURCE for K. Tang-e Nao (Savavid) « Karavanserail Tang-e Nao (Taf. 28,4) (Abb. 5; 255)(179) Lage: 31 km östlich von Lar, 15 km westlich Cahar Berkeh, in + 740 m ü. N.N., an der safavidischen Straße von Shiraz über Djahrom und Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas. Am Ort sind zu unterscheiden: Ein safavidisches Pavil hlon-Karavanserail, die Ruine eines wohl safavidischen Hof- 1 karavanserails und ein qadjarisches Karavanserail.fn. 179 Die Bauten in Tang-e Nao wurden am 15.3. 1986 vermessen. Der Grundriß des qadjarischen Karavanserails wurde von R. Pohanka, AMI 17, 1984, 304, trotz einiger Fehler, übernommen, denn der Bau war unzugänglich. Das safavidische Karavanserail: Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit Räumen um den Hof herum and rückwärtigem Stall (Abb. 256). Abmessungen: Außenmaße 31,70 x 27 m, Hofabmes- sungen 17 × 17 m, die Gebäudehöhe läßt sich mit 4,60 m re- onstruieren. Baumaterial: Bruchstein. Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Sehr stark zer- tört. Inschriften: keine bekannt. Datierung: Safavidisch, 17. Jahrhundert. [Tang-e Nao Caravanserai (Table 28.4) (Fig. 5; 255)(179) Location: 31 km east of Lar, 15 km west of Cahar Berkeh, at + 740 m above sea level, on the Safavid road from Shiraz via Djahrom and Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. The following can be distinguished at the site: a Safavid pavilion caravanserai, the ruins of a probably Safavid court caravanserai and a Qajar caravanserai. fn. 179 The buildings in Tang-e Nao were surveyed on March 15, 1986. The ground plan of the Qajar caravanserai was adopted by R. Pohanka, AMI 17, 1984, 304, despite some errors, because the building was inaccessible. The Safavid caravanserai: Type: Court caravanserai with rooms around the courtyard and a stable at the back (Fig. 256). Dimensions: External dimensions 31.70 x 27 m, courtyard dimensions 17 × 17 m, the building height can be reconstructed as 4.60 m. Building material: quarry stone. Structural features and condition: Very badly destroyed. Inscriptions: None known. Dating: Safavid, 17th century. ] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 136-140 K. Tang-e Zandjiran (large) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.062221 long 52.64407 VARIANT names: K. Tang-e Zandjiran (large) , ※ SOURCE for K. Tang-e Zandjiran (large) « Karavanserail Tang-e Zandjiran (Taf. 24.4-25.3)(Abb. 5; 199) (133)Lage. 21 km südlich von Kavar, 17 km nördlich der Sta tion Farukhabad (Farokh Abad), 2 km nördlich von Robat Qal'eh Kushk, in + 1710 m ü. N. N., am südlichen Ausgang der Schlucht, an der alten und an der modernen Straße von Shiraz nach Firuzabad. Es handelt sich um einen Karawa nenhalteplatz, der ein frühislamisches Robat Qal'eh Kushk, eine kleine, vielleicht safavidische Station und ein qadjarisches Karavanserail sowie zwei Befestigungen auf den parallel zueinander verlaufenden Felsrippen südöstlich des Robat Qaleh Kushk umfallt. Am Ausgang der Tang-e Zanduran und die Spuren eines gemauerten Dammes erkennbar, den Hochwasser zurückhalten sollte und von dem aus ein Kanal nach Osten verläuft. Der Karawanenweg führte durch die Schlucht, die moderne Asphaltstraße von Shiraz nach Firuzalad wird neben der Schlucht durch einen Tunnel geführt (Abb. 199)Das grofle Karavanserail:Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, einem Stallan- bau, der von auflen (Nordosten) zugänglich ist, zwei winkel- förmigen Stallabteilungen im Nord- und im Südflügel und vier oktogonalen Räumen in den Gebäudeecken. In der Hof- mitte ein Wohnpodest.Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Anbau und ohne Turmvorsprünge 45 x 40,80 m. Der Anbau ist 5 m breit und entspricht in der Länge der Breite des Karavanserails (Abb. 200). Das Obergeschoß bestand aus drei Räumen und war ursprünglich nach außen geöffnet. Die Hoffassaden sind 4.60 m hoch, die Eingangsfront hat über dem Portal eine Höhe von 9,20 m (Abb. 201). fn. 133 Die Bauten nahe der Schlucht wurden am 26. 2. 1977 im Grundris und am 7. 12. 1988 in Schnitten und Ansichten vermessen. [Tang-e Zandjiran Caravanserai (Table 24.4-25.3)(Fig. 5; 199) (133)Location. 21 km south of Kavar, 17 km north of Farukhabad (Farokh Abad) station, 2 km north of Robat Qal'eh Kushk, at + 1710 m above sea level, at the southern exit of the gorge, on the old and modern road from Shiraz to Firuzabad. It is a caravanserai stopping place that includes an early Islamic Robat Qal'eh Kushk, a small, perhaps Safavid station and a Qajar caravanserai as well as two fortifications on the parallel rock ridges southeast of Robat Qaleh Kushk. At the exit of the Tang-e Zanduran and the traces of a brick dam can be seen, which was intended to hold back flood water and from which a canal runs to the east. The caravan route led through the gorge, the modern asphalt road from Shiraz to Firuzalad runs through a tunnel next to the gorge (Fig. 199)The large caravanserai:Type: Courtyard caravanserai with four iwans, a stable extension that is accessible from the outside (northeast), two angled stable sections in the north and south wings and four octagonal rooms in the corners of the building. In the middle of the courtyard there is a living platform.Dimensions: External dimensions without extension and without tower projections 45 x 40.80 m. The extension is 5 m wide and corresponds in length to the width of the caravanserai (Fig. 200). The upper floor consisted of three rooms and was originally open to the outside. The courtyard facades are 4.60 m high, the entrance front has a height of 9.20 m above the portal (Fig. 201).fn. 133 The buildings near the ravine were measured in plan on February 26, 1977 and in sections and elevations on December 7, 1988.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 110-1 «Japanese text omitted [On the east side of the road, we found and investigated the remains of two caravanserai on the Zanjiran River. One of them is relatively well preserved and clearly belongs to the Safavid period. It is a square structure with sides of 29.70 m, skillfully stacked with flat stones and rough corner stones, and is a sturdy structure covered with clay and lime mortar (see Fig. 8 and photos nos. 5-7). The other, located to the south, is a small structure with sides of 17 m, and is in a state of severe collapse. It is probably older than the former and predates the Seljuk period (photo no. 8) (57)] » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988~p.37 K. Tang-e Zandjiran (small) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.061774 long 52.643313 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. Tang-e Zandjiran (small) , ※ SOURCE for K. Tang-e Zandjiran (small) « Das kleine Stationsgebäude neben dem Karavanserail:Typ: Hofanlage mit vier Iwanen und vier runden Ecktürmen. Als Caparkhaneh (Post- und Gendarmeriestation) anzusehen.Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Türme 22,70 x 11,45 m, Hofabmessungen 13,50 x 13,20 m (Abb. 202). Die Mauern standen noch bis zu 2 m an.Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Das Gebäude war 1988 vollständig abgerissen, wahrscheinlich als Sucin bruch für den Straßenbau genutzt.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Vielleicht safavidisch bis frülugadjarish, 17.-18. Jahrhundert.Im Bereich von Karavanserail und Stationsgebäude wurde hellgraubraune, hellrötlichbraune und hellgellogra unglasierte Keramik (Abb. 203), sowie türkisfarben glasierne Ware (Abb. 203, drittes bis fünftes Beispiel von oben und vo tere Schale) gefunden. [The small station building next to the caravanserai:Type: courtyard complex with four iwans and four round corner towers. To be regarded as a Caparkhaneh (post and gendarmerie station).Dimensions: external dimensions without towers 22.70 x 11.45 m, courtyard dimensions 13.50 x 13.20 m (Fig. 202). The walls were still up to 2 m high. Building material: quarry stone.Structural features and condition: The building was completely demolished in 1988, probably used as a quarry for road construction.Inscriptions: none known.Dating: Perhaps Safavid to early Lugadjarish, 17th-18th century.In the area of ??the caravanserai and the station building, light grey-brown, light reddish-brown and light gellogra unglazed pottery (Fig. 203) as well as turquoise glazed ware (Fig. 203, third to fifth example from the top and the lower bowl) were found.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 111-3 «Japanese text omitted [On the east side of the road, we found and investigated the remains of two caravanserai on the Zanjiran River. One of them is relatively well preserved and clearly belongs to the Safavid period. It is a square structure with sides of 29.70 m, skillfully stacked with flat stones and rough corner stones, and is a sturdy structure covered with clay and lime mortar (see Fig. 8 and photos nos. 5-7). The other, located to the south, is a small structure with sides of 17 m, and is in a state of severe collapse. It is probably older than the former and predates the Seljuk period (photo no. 8) (57)] » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988~p.37 K. Taqi Khaneh : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.292549 long 55.350688 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Jenni جنّى caravansary , K. Taqi Khaneh , Karvansara-ye Jeni , ※ SOURCE for Jenni جنّى caravansary « 3. Jenni جنّى caravansary (fig. 3): One of the oldest and most beautiful caravansaries on this route is located between Kourestān and the Tang-e Dālān. This structure is built completely of stone. It is rectangular and in the middle there is a beautiful dome. Its building inscription indicates that it was built in 886 AH/1481 AD, evidently at the time of the Larestān Emirate. » #3350 Mohammad-Bāgher Vosoughi, Welfare and Security Establishments on the Hormūz Strait: Lārestān Caravan Routes between the Fourteenth and Sixteenth Centuries CE, in: ed. Roderich Ptak and Ralph Kauz, Asian Sea Straits Functions and History (c. 500 to 1700), Orientierungen: Zeitschrift zur Kultur Asiens, , 2015, pp. 86-109 ~ p. 98 ※ SOURCE for K. Taqi Khaneh « Karavanserail Taqi Khaneh (Taf. 27,3) (Abb. 7; 224) (110)Lage: 7 km südwestlich von Keshehdari (Kishideri/ Keshidan), 5 km östlich von Karavanserail Berkeh Sefid, in +210 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Bandar-e Abbas nach Lar. Am Ort stehen das Karavanserail und zwei runde Zi- Sternen.Typ: Erweitertes Pavillon-Karavanserail, innen kreuz- förmig mit erweitertem Umgang um die Zentralkuppel, in den Gebäudeecken vier Dreiergruppen von Räumen mit iwanartig ausgebildeten Vorhallen auf allen vier Seiten. Der Bau steht auf einer an der Südecke erweiterten Plattform.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 19,50 × 19,50 m, Gebäu dehöhe 6 m.Baumaterial: Haustein und Bruchstein, verputzt.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Teilweise ver fallen.Inschriften: Eine Inschrift über dem Südwestportal da tiert den Bau in das Jahr 866/1461-62 (111).fn. 110 Taqi Khaneh wurde am 2. 3. 1984 vermessen. fn. 111 H. Gaube, Iran 17, 1979, 41. [Karavanserail Taqi Khaneh (Plate 27.3) (Fig. 7; 224) (110) Location: 7 km southwest of Keshehdari (Kishideri/ Keshidan), 5 km east of Karavanserail Berkeh Sefid, at +210 m above sea level. N.N., on the road from Bandar-e Abbas to Lar. The caravanserail and two round room-stars are located on site. Type: Extended pavilion-caravanserail, cross-shaped on the inside with an extended ambulatory around the central dome, in the corners of the building there are four groups of three rooms with iwan-like vestibules on all four sides. The building stands on a platform extended at the southern corner.Dimensions: External dimensions 19.50 × 19.50 m, building height 6 m.Building material: House stone and quarry stone, plastered.Structural features and condition: Partially dilapidated.Inscriptions: An inscription above The southwest portal dates the building to the year 866/1461-62 (111). fn. 110 Taqi Khaneh was surveyed on March 2, 1984. fn. 111 H. Gaube, Iran 17, 1979, 41.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ pp. 124-5 ※ SOURCE for Karvansara-ye Jeni the location of « Karvansara-ye Jeni » provided by GNS (27.293109, 55.352018, Karvansara-ye Jeni, RHSE) sits on the side of the road and is about 148m at bearing of 248° from the caravanserai. K. westlich von Evaz : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.785383 long 53.899377 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K. westlich von Evaz , ※ SOURCE for K. westlich von Evaz « Karavanserail westlich von Evaz (Abb. 5; 237) (166) Lage: 13 km westlich von Evaz, 25 km östlich von Mahlakeh, in + 1030 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Qir nach Lar. Nördlich des Karavanserails steht ein runder Abanbar (Zisterne, nicht vermessen).Typ: Kleines Hofkaravanserail mit Eingangsiwan, Un- terkunftsräumen auf der Nordseite und Stallungen auf drei Seiten. Vorgezogener Portalbau (Abb. 238).Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne vorgezogenen Portal- bau 19 x 18 m, Hofabmessungen 11 × 9,70 m, Höhe des Por- talbaus 3,50 m. Die niedrigen Innenräume haben eine Höhe von 2,40 m. [Caravanserail west of Evaz (Fig. 5; 237) (166)Location: 13 km west of Evaz, 25 km east of Mahlakeh, at + 1030 m above sea level. N. N., on the road from Qir to Lar. To the north of the caravanserail there is a round abanbar (cistern, not surveyed).Type: Small court caravan serail with entrance iwan, accommodation rooms on the north side and stables on three sides. Advanced portal construction (Fig. 238).Dimensions: External dimensions without the advanced portal construction 19 x 18 m, courtyard dimensions 11 × 9.70 m, height of the portal construction 3.50 m. The low interior rooms have a height of 2.40 m. ] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 130 K10 Mazigh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5654, 2706 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1 long 56.9 VARIANT names: K10 Mazigh , ※ SOURCE for K10 Mazigh « Other variants: See K9 Details: See K9. No. of sherds: 6 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K100 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2705 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0833333333333 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K100 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] , ※ SOURCE for K100 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] « Other variants: none Details: See K95. No. of sherds: 38 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K103 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.012025 long 56.947314 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K103 , ※ SOURCE for K103 Coordinates from GE overlay of Fig. 2. Major Islamic archaeological sites in the Minab Delta (after Carls (1982), Map 13), #1123 Morgan, Peter, New thoughts on Old Hormuz:Chinese ceramics in the Hormuz region in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1991 29:67-83 ~ p. 68 over Topographische Befunde Zu Alt Hormuz Nach: Stein(1937), Schweizer (1972), Kleiss (1978) in in #302 Carls, Hans-Georg, Alt-Hormoz, ein historischer Hafen an der Strasse von Hormoz (Iran) : Retrospekt und Prospekt zu einem ungelosten archaologischen, geographischen und orientalischen Problem, Minerva Publikation, Munich, 1982 ~ p. 130 [Further details of Williamson and the Minab area particularly] « Fig. 2 Map showing major rivers, ground above 500m (shaded in gray) and the locationof individual Site Codes. The sites lettered A -M in the Minab area are: A = K7-8; ? =K6, K70; ? = ???; D = ?9, ???; E - K19; F = Κ14-Ί5. K66, K169; G = K143, K145; H = K20-25, K27-28, K62-63; I = K29-30; J = K40-43, ?54. K67- 69; ? - ?26; L = Kl-2, K51: M = K162. 170; N = K103; O = K102, K130-31 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ p. 46 UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.0083333 long 56.9555555 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K103 (Minab Delta) , ※ SOURCE for K103 (Minab Delta) in « Fig. 2. Major Islamic archaeological sites in the Minab Delta (after Carls (1982), Map 13). » #1123 Morgan, Peter, New thoughts on Old Hormuz:Chinese ceramics in the Hormuz region in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1991, 29:67-83 ~ p. 68 K103 [Tepe Chahah] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5657, 2701 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0166666666667 long 56.95 VARIANT names: K103 [Tepe Chahah] , ※ SOURCE for K103 [Tepe Chahah] « Other variants: none Details: The Site Card for K103 has no toponym, however P. Morgan provides a probably location based on information from ASIS (1991: fig. 2). No. of sherds: 675 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K107 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5657, 2659 converted to coordinate: lat 26.9833333333333 long 56.95 VARIANT names: K107 , ※ SOURCE for K107 « Other variants: none Details: The Site Card for K107 has no toponym, however P. Morgan provides a probably location based on information from ASIS (1991: fig. 2). No. of sherds: 184 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 26.9908 long 56.9609 VARIANT names: K107 , ※ SOURCE for K107 from ref1123 p. 68 K107 ? : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 26.996506 long 56.952574 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K107 ? , ※ SOURCE for K107 ? Coordinates from GE overlay of Fig. 2. Major Islamic archaeological sites in the Minab Delta (after Carls (1982), Map 13), #1123 Morgan, Peter, New thoughts on Old Hormuz:Chinese ceramics in the Hormuz region in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1991 29:67-83 ~ p. 68 over Topographische Befunde Zu Alt Hormuz Nach: Stein(1937), Schweizer (1972), Kleiss (1978) in in #302 Carls, Hans-Georg, Alt-Hormoz, ein historischer Hafen an der Strasse von Hormoz (Iran) : Retrospekt und Prospekt zu einem ungelosten archaologischen, geographischen und orientalischen Problem, Minerva Publikation, Munich, 1982 ~ p. 130 [Further details of Williamson and the Minab area particularly] « Fig. 2 Map showing major rivers, ground above 500m (shaded in gray) and the locationof individual Site Codes. The sites lettered A -M in the Minab area are: A = K7-8; ? =K6, K70; ? = ???; D = ?9, ???; E - K19; F = Κ14-Ί5. K66, K169; G = K143, K145; H = K20-25, K27-28, K62-63; I = K29-30; J = K40-43, ?54. K67- 69; ? - ?26; L = Kl-2, K51: M = K162. 170; N = K103; O = K102, K130-31 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ p. 46 K11 Mazigh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5654, 2706 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1 long 56.9 VARIANT names: K11 Mazigh , ※ SOURCE for K11 Mazigh « Other variants: See K9 Details: See K9. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K12 Mazigh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5654, 2706 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1 long 56.9 VARIANT names: K12 Mazigh , ※ SOURCE for K12 Mazigh « Other variants: See K9 Details: See K9. No. of sherds: 9 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K125 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5702, 2658 converted to coordinate: lat 26.9666666666667 long 57.0333333333333 VARIANT names: K125 , ※ SOURCE for K125 « Other variants: none Details: The position of the site is marked on an annotated map marked Type 2 Londo Ware’ identified in the Collection Archive. The Site Card is marked with the caption ‘Islamic component of an earlier site’. No. of sherds: 36 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K13 Mazigh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5654, 2706 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1 long 56.9 VARIANT names: K13 Mazigh , ※ SOURCE for K13 Mazigh « Other variants: See K9 Details: See K9. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K130 Saravan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5659, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 56.9833333333333 VARIANT names: K130 Saravan , ※ SOURCE for K130 Saravan « Other variants: Sarbaran Details: A village by the name of Sarbaran is located 15km West of Minab on the road from Minab to Bandar 'Abbas (FIJ, 1953: 231). The same place also appears as Surahan (USBGN: 470). Either of these place names could be equivalent to Saravan and their location is given. No. of sherds: 281 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K130-131 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.049031 long 56.997637 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K130-131 , ※ SOURCE for K130-131 « Qalat Sarawan » Coordinates from GE overlay of Fig. 2. Major Islamic archaeological sites in the Minab Delta (after Carls (1982), Map 13), #1123 Morgan, Peter, New thoughts on Old Hormuz:Chinese ceramics in the Hormuz region in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1991 29:67-83 ~ p. 68 over Topographische Befunde Zu Alt Hormuz Nach: Stein(1937), Schweizer (1972), Kleiss (1978) in in #302 Carls, Hans-Georg, Alt-Hormoz, ein historischer Hafen an der Strasse von Hormoz (Iran) : Retrospekt und Prospekt zu einem ungelosten archaologischen, geographischen und orientalischen Problem, Minerva Publikation, Munich, 1982 ~ p. 130 [Further details of Williamson and the Minab area particularly] « Fig. 2 Map showing major rivers, ground above 500m (shaded in gray) and the locationof individual Site Codes. The sites lettered A -M in the Minab area are: A = K7-8; ? =K6, K70; ? = ???; D = ?9, ???; E - K19; F = Κ14-Ί5. K66, K169; G = K143, K145; H = K20-25, K27-28, K62-63; I = K29-30; J = K40-43, ?54. K67- 69; ? - ?26; L = Kl-2, K51: M = K162. 170; N = K103; O = K102, K130-31 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ p. 46 K131 Saravan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5659, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 56.9833333333333 VARIANT names: K131 Saravan , ※ SOURCE for K131 Saravan « Other variants: See K130 Details: See K130. No. of sherds: 113 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K14 Tepe Dehu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5654, 2707 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1166666666667 long 56.9 VARIANT names: K14 Tepe Dehu , ※ SOURCE for K14 Tepe Dehu « Other variants: Dehu Details: The location o f Dehu is given as "10 miles West by South o f Minab Town on the road to its port Tiyab" (Lorimer, 1908: 1214). No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K141 T. Majbun : arch. site IRN UTM: 5715, 2655 converted to coordinate: lat 26.9166666666667 long 57.25 VARIANT names: K141 T. Majbun , ※ SOURCE for K141 T. Majbun « Other variants: Majbun Details: The location of Majbun is given as "1 mile from the left bank of the Mazavi stream at 4 miles above Dahi Qand" (Lorimer, iib.1908: 1221). A position estimated from this description is given. No. of sherds: 57 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K143 Gishnau : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2706 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K143 Gishnau , ※ SOURCE for K143 Gishnau « Other variants: Gishnar, Tonbak-e Pa'in, Tappa-i- surkh Details: A possible equivalent of the place name, Gishnar or Tonbak-e Pa'in, is listed (USBGN: 183), however this toponym seems to be different from that provided by Williamson. P. Morgan, drawing on information from ASIS places K143 at the same location, but under the place name Tappa-i-surkh (1991: fig. 2). No. of sherds: 59 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K143-147 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.117164 long 56.967955 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K143-147 , ※ SOURCE for K143-147 « Tappa-i-surkh » Coordinates from GE overlay of Fig. 2. Major Islamic archaeological sites in the Minab Delta (after Carls (1982), Map 13), #1123 Morgan, Peter, New thoughts on Old Hormuz:Chinese ceramics in the Hormuz region in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1991 29:67-83 ~ p. 68 over Topographische Befunde Zu Alt Hormuz Nach: Stein(1937), Schweizer (1972), Kleiss (1978) in in #302 Carls, Hans-Georg, Alt-Hormoz, ein historischer Hafen an der Strasse von Hormoz (Iran) : Retrospekt und Prospekt zu einem ungelosten archaologischen, geographischen und orientalischen Problem, Minerva Publikation, Munich, 1982 ~ p. 130 [Further details of Williamson and the Minab area particularly] « Fig. 2 Map showing major rivers, ground above 500m (shaded in gray) and the locationof individual Site Codes. The sites lettered A -M in the Minab area are: A = K7-8; ? =K6, K70; ? = ???; D = ?9, ???; E - K19; F = Κ14-Ί5. K66, K169; G = K143, K145; H = K20-25, K27-28, K62-63; I = K29-30; J = K40-43, ?54. K67- 69; ? - ?26; L = Kl-2, K51: M = K162. 170; N = K103; O = K102, K130-31 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ p. 46 VARIANT names: K143-147 , ※ SOURCE for K143-147 also known as Tappa-I-surkh #1123 Morgan, Peter, New thoughts on Old Hormuz:Chinese ceramics in the Hormuz region in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1991 29:67-83 added 08/12/2007 K144 [Tappa-i Surkh] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2706 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K144 [Tappa-i Surkh] , ※ SOURCE for K144 [Tappa-i Surkh] « Other variants: none Details: The Site Card for K144 has no toponym, however P. Morgan identifies the site as Tappa-i Surkh and provides its location based on information from ASIS (1991: fig. 2) No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K145 T.Gishnu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2708 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1333333333333 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K145 T.Gishnu , ※ SOURCE for K145 T.Gishnu « Other variants: none Details: The Site Card for K145 has no toponym, however a single sherd from K145 is marked "T. Gishnu" (Sherd +14700). This, this may contradict the information provided by P. Morgan based on ASIS, which suggests that the site name is Tappa-i surkh (1991: fig. 2), although the information from K143 suggests that Tappa-i surkh and Gishnu/Gishnau may De synonymous. The location on K145 is given on an annotated map marked 'Type 2 Londo Ware' discovered in the Collection Archive. No. of sherds: 117 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K146 (Tappa-i surkh] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2706 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K146 (Tappa-i surkh] , ※ SOURCE for K146 (Tappa-i surkh] « Other variants: none Details: See K144. No. of sherds: 12 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K147 {Tappa-i : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2706 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K147 {Tappa-i , ※ SOURCE for K147 {Tappa-i « Other variants: none Details: See K144. No. of sherds: 17 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K15 Tepe Dehu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5654, 2707 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1166666666667 long 56.9 VARIANT names: K15 Tepe Dehu , ※ SOURCE for K15 Tepe Dehu « Other variants: SeeK14 Details: See K14. No. of sherds: 13 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K161 Kuhistak : arch. site IRN UTM: 5702, 2648 converted to coordinate: lat 26.8 long 57.0333333333333 VARIANT names: K161 Kuhistak , ※ SOURCE for K161 Kuhistak « Other variants: Kuhestak Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Kuhestak, is given as "25 miles South Southwest of Minab Town" (Lorimer, 1908: 1220) and its position is marked (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 34 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K162 Minab : arch. site IRN UTM: 5705, 2708 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1333333333333 long 57.0833333333333 VARIANT names: K162 Minab , ※ SOURCE for K162 Minab « Other variants: none Details: The location of Minab is marked (TPC Sheet H-7D). The Site Card for K162 is marked with the sub-heading ‘Qaleh’, suggesting that the site is the Qaleh of Minab. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K163 Kuhistak : arch. site IRN UTM: 5702, 2648 converted to coordinate: lat 26.8 long 57.0333333333333 VARIANT names: K163 Kuhistak , ※ SOURCE for K163 Kuhistak « Other variants: See K161 Details: See K161. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K169 Tepe Dehu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5654, 2707 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1166666666667 long 56.9 VARIANT names: K169 Tepe Dehu , ※ SOURCE for K169 Tepe Dehu « Other variants: none Details: See K14. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K170 Minab : arch. site IRN UTM: 5705, 2708 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1333333333333 long 57.0833333333333 VARIANT names: K170 Minab , ※ SOURCE for K170 Minab « Other variants: none Details: See K162. The Site Card for K170 is marked with the caption 'Sasanian and 2nd ? site’. No. of sherds: 363 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K19 Hadjiabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5656, 2710 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1666666666667 long 56.9333333333333 VARIANT names: K19 Hadjiabad , ※ SOURCE for K19 Hadjiabad « Other variants: none Details: The location of Hadjiabad is described as being "10 miles West by North of Minab Town" (Lorimer, iib.1908: 1217). The location is also given by Adamec (1988: 171). No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K2 Minab Sarcam : arch. site IRN UTM: 5702, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 57.0333333333333 VARIANT names: K2 Minab Sarcam , ※ SOURCE for K2 Minab Sarcam « Other variants: See K1 Details: See K1. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K20 Mashiran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2710 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1666666666667 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K20 Mashiran , ※ SOURCE for K20 Mashiran « Other variants: Mashihran Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Mashihran, is described as being "6.5 miles West by North of Minab Town" (Lorimer, iib.1908: 1221). The location is also marked (Adamec, 1988: Map Sheet 27-D). No. of sherds: 23 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K204 Kuhistak : arch. site IRN UTM: 5702, 2648 converted to coordinate: lat 26.8 long 57.0333333333333 VARIANT names: K204 Kuhistak , ※ SOURCE for K204 Kuhistak « Other variants: See K161 Details: See K161 No. of sherds: 39 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K21 Mashiran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2710 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1666666666667 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K21 Mashiran , ※ SOURCE for K21 Mashiran « Other variants: See K20 Details: See K20. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K211 Shamil : arch. site IRN UTM: 5651, 2729 converted to coordinate: lat 27.4833333333333 long 56.85 VARIANT names: K211 Shamil , ※ SOURCE for K211 Shamil « Other variants: none Details: The site is located "near Shamil on the Shrin Rud" and "100m to East of river 1.90km from junction of river bellow Shamil (Site Card 3: 420). Shamil is located "42 miles East by Northeast of Bandar '‘Abbas" (Lorimer, iib. 1908: 1723) and its position is marked (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 213 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K22 Mashiran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2710 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1666666666667 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K22 Mashiran , ※ SOURCE for K22 Mashiran « Other variants: See K20 Details: See K20. No. of sherds: 102 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K23 Mashiran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2710 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1666666666667 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K23 Mashiran , ※ SOURCE for K23 Mashiran « Other variants: See K20 Details: See K20. No. of sherds: 62 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K24 Mashiran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2710 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1666666666667 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K24 Mashiran , ※ SOURCE for K24 Mashiran « Other variants: See K20 Details: See K20. No. of sherds: 31 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K25 Mashiran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2710 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1666666666667 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K25 Mashiran , ※ SOURCE for K25 Mashiran « Other variants: See K20 Details: See K20. No. of sherds: 9 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K26 Gulshavar : arch. site IRN UTM: 5702, 2709 converted to coordinate: lat 27.15 long 57.0333333333333 VARIANT names: K26 Gulshavar , ※ SOURCE for K26 Gulshavar « Other variants: Golacvar Gulshauar Goleshvar Details: The place name Golacvar is located 9km W or E of Minab, on the main road to Tiab (FIJ, 1953: 359). What appears to be the same place is marked as Gulshauar and Goleshvar (Adamec, 1988: Map Sheet 28-C). No. of sherds: 32 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K27 Mashiran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2710 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1666666666667 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K27 Mashiran , ※ SOURCE for K27 Mashiran « Other variants: See K20 Details: See K20. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K28 Mashiran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2710 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1666666666667 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K28 Mashiran , ※ SOURCE for K28 Mashiran « Other variants: See K20 Details: See K20. No. of sherds: 14 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K29 Nakhl Ibrahim : arch. site IRN UTM: 5655, 2708 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1333333333333 long 56.9166666666667 VARIANT names: K29 Nakhl Ibrahim , ※ SOURCE for K29 Nakhl Ibrahim « Other variants: Nekhl-e Ebrahim Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Nekhl-e Ebrahim, is listed under an entry for Mugh Ibrahim and the location of this is marked (Adamec, 1988: 321, Map Sheet 27-D). The same location is given by P. Morgan (1991: fig. 2) based on information from ASIS. No. of sherds: 23 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K30 Nakhl Ibrahim : arch. site IRN UTM: 5655, 2708 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1333333333333 long 56.9166666666667 VARIANT names: K30 Nakhl Ibrahim , ※ SOURCE for K30 Nakhl Ibrahim « Other variants: See K29 Details: See K29. No. of sherds: 19 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.1323 long 56.9167 VARIANT names: K30-36 , ※ SOURCE for K30-36 #1123 Morgan, Peter, New thoughts on Old Hormuz:Chinese ceramics in the Hormuz region in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1991 29:67-83 K30-36 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.134992 long 56.912419 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K30-36 , ※ SOURCE for K30-36 Coordinates from GE overlay of Fig. 2. Major Islamic archaeological sites in the Minab Delta (after Carls (1982), Map 13), #1123 Morgan, Peter, New thoughts on Old Hormuz:Chinese ceramics in the Hormuz region in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1991 29:67-83 ~ p. 68 over Topographische Befunde Zu Alt Hormuz Nach: Stein(1937), Schweizer (1972), Kleiss (1978) in in #302 Carls, Hans-Georg, Alt-Hormoz, ein historischer Hafen an der Strasse von Hormoz (Iran) : Retrospekt und Prospekt zu einem ungelosten archaologischen, geographischen und orientalischen Problem, Minerva Publikation, Munich, 1982 ~ p. 130 [Further details of Williamson and the Minab area particularly] « Fig. 2 Map showing major rivers, ground above 500m (shaded in gray) and the locationof individual Site Codes. The sites lettered A -M in the Minab area are: A = K7-8; ? =K6, K70; ? = ???; D = ?9, ???; E - K19; F = Κ14-Ί5. K66, K169; G = K143, K145; H = K20-25, K27-28, K62-63; I = K29-30; J = K40-43, ?54. K67- 69; ? - ?26; L = Kl-2, K51: M = K162. 170; N = K103; O = K102, K130-31 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ p. 46 K31 Dehu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5654, 2707 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1166666666667 long 56.9 VARIANT names: K31 Dehu , ※ SOURCE for K31 Dehu « Other variants: none Details: See K 14. The site is also listed by P. Morgan under the toponym Nakhl Ibrahim (1991: fig. 2), drawing from ASIS. There may be some confusion about whether to apply the place name Dehu or Nakhl Ibrahim to this site, as there are a group of sites that fall midway between the two villages (Kennet et al, Forthcoming). No. of sherds: 25 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K32 [Nakhl Ibrahim] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5655, 2708 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1333333333333 long 56.9166666666667 VARIANT names: K32 [Nakhl Ibrahim] , ※ SOURCE for K32 [Nakhl Ibrahim] « Other variants: none Details: The Site Card for K32 has no toponym, however P. Morgan identifies the site as part o f the Nakhl Ibrahim group, based on information from ASIS (1991: flg. 2). See K29. No. of sherds: 14 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K33 Megh Ibrahim : arch. site IRN UTM: 5653, 2707 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1166666666667 long 56.8833333333333 VARIANT names: K33 Megh Ibrahim , ※ SOURCE for K33 Megh Ibrahim « Other variants: Mugh Ibrahim Details: A n equivalent version o f the place name, Mugh Ibrahim, is given as being "11 miles West by South o f Minab Town" (Lorimer, 1908: 1222). The site is also listed under the toponym Nakhl Ibrahim (P. Morgan, 1991: fig. 2) based on ASIS. This discrepancy is not important though as the two names appear to be related to the same place. No. of sherds: 11 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K34 [Nakhl Ibrahim] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5655, 2708 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1333333333333 long 56.9166666666667 VARIANT names: K34 [Nakhl Ibrahim] , ※ SOURCE for K34 [Nakhl Ibrahim] « Other variants: none Details: See K32. No. of sherds: 10 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K35 [Nakhl Ibrahim] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5655, 2708 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1333333333333 long 56.9166666666667 VARIANT names: K35 [Nakhl Ibrahim] , ※ SOURCE for K35 [Nakhl Ibrahim] « Other variants: none Details: See K32. No. of sherds: 5 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K36 [Nakhl Ibrahim] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5655, 2708 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1333333333333 long 56.9166666666667 VARIANT names: K36 [Nakhl Ibrahim] , ※ SOURCE for K36 [Nakhl Ibrahim] « Other variants: Mugh Ibrahim Details: See K32. No. of sherds: 75 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K40 Hakemi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5701, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 57.0166666666667 VARIANT names: K40 Hakemi , ※ SOURCE for K40 Hakemi « Other variants: none Details: The location of Hakemi is given as being "4 miles Northwest of Minab town" (Lorimer, 1908: 1218). Its position is also marked on an unmarked 1: 50,000 map tracing (Middle Sheet) discovered in the Collection Archive. The Site Card for K40 also has the caption 'kiln site'. No. of sherds: 20 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K41 [Hakemi] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5701, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 57.0166666666667 VARIANT names: K41 [Hakemi] , ※ SOURCE for K41 [Hakemi] « Other variants: none Details: No toponym is available for K41, however the site code falls between K40 and K42-3 which all belong to the Hakemi toponym. It is therefore likely that K41 belongs to the same group of sites. See K40. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K42 Hakemi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5701, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 57.0166666666667 VARIANT names: K42 Hakemi , ※ SOURCE for K42 Hakemi « Other variants: none Details: See K40. No. of sherds: 10 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K43 Hakemi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5701, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 57.0166666666667 VARIANT names: K43 Hakemi , ※ SOURCE for K43 Hakemi « Other variants: none Details: See K40. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K6 Tiab : arch. site IRN UTM: 5652, 2707 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1166666666667 long 56.8666666666667 VARIANT names: K6 Tiab , ※ SOURCE for K6 Tiab « Other variants: Teyab Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Teyab, is listed (Adamec, 1988: 448), however the Easting given of 5653 is marked as 5652 on the TPC (Sheet H-7D). Inconsistencies elsewhere in Adamec suggest that the TPC information should be preferred. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K62 Mashiran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2710 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1666666666667 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K62 Mashiran , ※ SOURCE for K62 Mashiran « Other variants: See K20 Details: See K20. No. of sherds: 76 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K63 Mashiran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2710 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1666666666667 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K63 Mashiran , ※ SOURCE for K63 Mashiran « Other variants: See K20 Details: See K20. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K64 Mashiran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2710 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1666666666667 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K64 Mashiran , ※ SOURCE for K64 Mashiran « Other variants: See K20 Details: See K20. No. of sherds: 5 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K65 Hakemi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5701, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 57.0166666666667 VARIANT names: K65 Hakemi , ※ SOURCE for K65 Hakemi « Other variants: none Details: See K40. No. of sherds: 30 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K66 Dehu : arch. site IRN UTM: 5654, 2707 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1166666666667 long 56.9 VARIANT names: K66 Dehu , ※ SOURCE for K66 Dehu « Other variants: none Details: See K14. No. of sherds: 5 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K67 Hakemi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5701, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 57.0166666666667 VARIANT names: K67 Hakemi , ※ SOURCE for K67 Hakemi « Other variants: none Details: See K40. No. of sherds: 12 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K68 Hakemi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5701, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 57.0166666666667 VARIANT names: K68 Hakemi , ※ SOURCE for K68 Hakemi « Other variants: none Details: See K40. No. of sherds: 10 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K69 Hakemi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5701, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 57.0166666666667 VARIANT names: K69 Hakemi , ※ SOURCE for K69 Hakemi « Other variants: none Details: See K40. No. of sherds: 9 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K7 Kulahi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5652, 2704 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0666666666667 long 56.8666666666667 VARIANT names: K7 Kulahi , ※ SOURCE for K7 Kulahi « Other variants: Kolahi Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Kolahi, is marked (TPC, Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K70 Tiab : arch. site IRN UTM: 5652, 2707 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1166666666667 long 56.8666666666667 VARIANT names: K70 Tiab , ※ SOURCE for K70 Tiab « Other variants: See K6 Details: See K6. No. of sherds: 20 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K8 Kulahi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5652, 2704 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0666666666667 long 56.8666666666667 VARIANT names: K8 Kulahi , ※ SOURCE for K8 Kulahi « Other variants: See K7 Details: See K7. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K9 Mazigh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5654, 2706 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1 long 56.9 VARIANT names: K9 Mazigh , ※ SOURCE for K9 Mazigh « Other variants: Mazegh Pa'in Details: The site is situated 500m to the west of Mazegh (Williamson, Site Card, 3: 56). An equivalent version of the place name, Mazegh Pa'in, is marked (Adamec, 1988: Map Sheet 27-D). No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K95 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2705 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0833333333333 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K95 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] , ※ SOURCE for K95 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] « Other variants: none Details: The Site Card for K95 has no toponym, however P. Morgan identifies the site as Alt Hormuz Tepe and provides its location based on information from ASIS (1991: fig. 2). No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 27.0774 long 56.9736 VARIANT names: K95-100 , ※ SOURCE for K95-100 from ref1123 p. 68 K95-100 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.080968 long 56.965645 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: K95-100 , ※ SOURCE for K95-100 « Alt Hormoz Tepe » Coordinates from GE overlay of Fig. 2. Major Islamic archaeological sites in the Minab Delta (after Carls (1982), Map 13), #1123 Morgan, Peter, New thoughts on Old Hormuz:Chinese ceramics in the Hormuz region in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1991 29:67-83 ~ p. 68 over Topographische Befunde Zu Alt Hormuz Nach: Stein(1937), Schweizer (1972), Kleiss (1978) in in #302 Carls, Hans-Georg, Alt-Hormoz, ein historischer Hafen an der Strasse von Hormoz (Iran) : Retrospekt und Prospekt zu einem ungelosten archaologischen, geographischen und orientalischen Problem, Minerva Publikation, Munich, 1982 ~ p. 130 [Further details of Williamson and the Minab area particularly] « Fig. 2 Map showing major rivers, ground above 500m (shaded in gray) and the locationof individual Site Codes. The sites lettered A -M in the Minab area are: A = K7-8; ? =K6, K70; ? = ???; D = ?9, ???; E - K19; F = Κ14-Ί5. K66, K169; G = K143, K145; H = K20-25, K27-28, K62-63; I = K29-30; J = K40-43, ?54. K67- 69; ? - ?26; L = Kl-2, K51: M = K162. 170; N = K103; O = K102, K130-31 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ p. 46 K96 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2705 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0833333333333 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K96 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] , ※ SOURCE for K96 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] « Other variants: none Details: See K95. No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K97 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2705 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0833333333333 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K97 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] , ※ SOURCE for K97 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] « Other variants: none Details: See K95. No. of sherds: 26 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K98 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2705 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0833333333333 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K98 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] , ※ SOURCE for K98 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] « Other variants: none Details: See K95. No. of sherds: 13 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 K99 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5658, 2705 converted to coordinate: lat 27.0833333333333 long 56.9666666666667 VARIANT names: K99 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] , ※ SOURCE for K99 [Alt Hormoz Tepe] « Other variants: none Details: See K95. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Kaakhka : place TKM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2558915 coordinate: lat 37.35 long 59.6 NIMA/GNS names: Kaakhka , Kaka , VARIANT names: Kaakhka , Kabgan : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3862243 coordinate: lat 33.236838 long 48.210121 NIMA/GNS names: Kabgan , Rudkhaneh-ye Gabgan , Rudkhaneh-ye Gabkan , Rudkhaneh-ye Kabkan , Rudkhaneh-ye Kugan , رودخانه کبکان , رودخانه کوگان , كبگان , VARIANT names: Kabgan , Kabk-i Kuchek (G6) : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 27.722317 long 52.629616 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kabk-i Kuchek (G6) , ※ SOURCE for Kabk-i Kuchek (G6) « Kabk-i Kuchek (G6; also called Kal-i Kuchek) is the first of a series of sites on the north side of the valley beginning at Nowabad, the principal settlement at the west end of the Galehdar valley (Gaube 1980: 158). Two kilometres from this village is a low mound, the remains of a single building, which measures 20 x 15 m and has square pillars in the centres, probably a mosque. Several stone grave covers were found on the slopes of the mounds. They bear the dates 681, 890, 894, and 920/1282-1514 (d. Gaube 1980: Taf. 36.1, 3). The foundations and semi circular buttresses suggest that an earlier building phase might also be present. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 87 Kabk-i Kuchek (G6) online reference link [accessed 24 Nov 2024] Kabrin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 28.1807 long 52.3296 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kabrin , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Kabrin AT Gowri lat 28.1807 long 52.3296 [Le Strange], ※ SOURCE for Kabrin « Muhu [or Muhūd], Hamjan, and Kabrin.(3) These are all districts of the hot region, lying adjacent to the sea, on the coast of Irähistan. The climate here is hot and the water unwholesome; but there are many palm-groves, though nowhere here is there a town of sufficient size to possess a mosque for 320 Friday prayer. fn. 3 It is a question whether, from the Persian text, three places or two are hero mentioned. The names are not now to bo found on the map, but the last name in the list may be identified with the modern Gabri, lying 17 leagues to the north-west of Gillah Dir (FNN. 260). Istakhri (p. 105, where many variants are noted) gives them as three separate places, none of which were large enough to possess a mosque for the Friday prayers. Mühü he gives under the form of Hamand or Hamid. Hamjän appears as Hajmän or Hamhân. Kabrin or Kirin may be Kizrin or Kirzin, the equivalent of Khārzin, which lay one march distant from the well-known city of Kärzin (and was not to be confounded therewith).Cf. 1.H. 204, Muq. 456. » #3133 trans. G. Le Strange, The Geographical Part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub¯ Composed by Hamd-Allāh Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 118 Kabul : place AFG NIMA/GNS feature: PPLC UFI: -3378435 coordinate: lat 34.5166667 long 69.1833333 NIMA/GNS names: Cabool , Cabul , Caubul , Chaman , Chaman Hozuri , Kabol , Kaboul , Kabul , Kabura , Kubha , VARIANT names: Kabul , ※ SOURCE for Kabul owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Kabul, 69.183, 34.517, AF, nkn, exact, 75, tmcIRa0100_008a » Kabutar Khan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068280 coordinate: lat 30.3042 long 56.3618 NIMA/GNS names: Kabutar Khan , کبوتر خان , VARIANT names: Kabutar Khan , ※ SOURCE for Kabutar Khan « Kabutar Khan villages were to be seen, at intervals of a few miles, on either hand ; after that, mere plain, herbless, lifeless, save for little stonecoloured lizards with erect tails and large flat heads. Eighteen miles from Bahramabad is a shelterhouse with an abambar, where we breakfasted. The rest of our way was involved in a storm of wind, dust, and rain from the southwest. The tyranny of the wind is unchecked over these shelterless plains. Kabutar Khan has a good caravan sarai, newly built of stone. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 194 Kachalu : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -787561 coordinate: lat 26.39518 long 56.53128 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Abu Sufur , Kachalu , جزيرة ابو سوفور , VARIANT names: Kachalu , ※ SOURCE for Kachalu very small island 100 metres north of Ra's Musandam Kachuyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068316 coordinate: lat 29.138553 long 53.608186 NIMA/GNS names: Kachooyeh , Kachuyeh , کچویه , VARIANT names: Kachu , Kachuyeh , Tachu , ※ SOURCE for Kachu « For the sake of close examination of the ruined site I made a day's halt at Kachu, the nearest small hamlet to the west, after a total march of 15 miles. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 176 ※ SOURCE for Tachu « The road runs close past the tank under the slopes of the Küh-i-Kharman. At 10 miles the village of Tachu is passed. A moderate amount of supplies could be collected in the neighbourhood; water is plentiful and good. From Tachu the road runs over stony undulating ground under the steep slope of the Küh-i-Kharman, which is situated about 14 to 2 miles distant. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ pp. 160-1 Kadhmah : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: AREA UFI: -789754 coordinate: lat 29.4052778 long 47.745 NIMA/GNS names: Kadhmah , Kazimah , VARIANT names: Cathema , Kadhema , Kadhima , Kadhmah , Kazima , ※ SOURCE for Cathema « Plate 34 - Cathema (Kazima), detail of the map on plate 32-33. The brothers Reynier and Josua Ottens were map-makers who specialized in large-size maps out of which they compiled custom-made atlases for very rich clients. They cooperated with Delisle. Their map of the Ottoman Empire and Persia is a very fine example of their work, … and Cathema is located outside Iraq. A new feature is that it has Aguada Island in front of Cathema. Rather interesting is the mention of Portus Cathemae (harbour of Kazima) as a geographical name on the map. This could indicate the Gulf of Kuwait although no inlet is shown on this map. The curvy line between the 'h' and the 'e' in the name Cathema is the legendary Bahrain river between Bahrain and Basra. The splendid quality of Ottens's printing becomes clear if one considers that this is an enlargement of a very small detail on a huge map. » #2617 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, Center for Research and Studies on Kuwait, Kuwait, 1998 ~ p.85 « Portus Cathemae » opposite « Cathema » in {map#985 Regnum Persicum Imperium Turcicum in In Asia Russorum Provinciae ad Mare Caspium, Reiner and Joshua Ottens, 1720, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Map Collection Stock# 43478} see AHduGP map 54 ※ SOURCE for Kadhema « In 1652, a map appeared in France which showed a place called Kadhema. This seems to stand for Kazima, a locality of Kuwait. On the map, this place is clearly placed outside the borders of the Ottoman province of Iraq. At first, Kazima was rather inaccurately positioned, but later, from c. 1730 onwards, maps improved. » » #2617 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, Center for Research and Studies on Kuwait, Kuwait, 1998 ~ p.56 ※ SOURCE for Kadhima «Thus it can be seen that the scattered references to Kadhima suggest it was a well-known place, with water and a fort, which was located on a route connecting Iraq to parts of the Arabian Peninsula. The literary sources do not, however, allow reconstruction of a detailed description or sustained historical narrative related to the site. » #2919 Derek Kennet, Andrew Blair, Brian Ulrich, Sultan M. al-duwish, The Kadhima Project: investigating an Early Islamic settlement and landscape on Kuwait Bay (poster), Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2011 ~ p.163 ※ SOURCE for Kazima « In 1652, a map appeared in France which showed a place called Kadhema. This seems to stand for Kazima, a locality of Kuwait. On the map, this place is clearly placed outside the borders of the Ottoman province of Iraq. At first, Kazima was rather inaccurately positioned, but later, from c. 1730 onwards, maps improved. » » #2617 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, Center for Research and Studies on Kuwait, Kuwait, 1998 ~ p.56 « The Umayyad and early Abbasid archaeological remains along the western shore of Kuwait Bay are generally thought to be associated with early Islamic textual references to the toponym Kadhima (Kãzimah), the historiographie significance of which has been discussed elsewhere (al-DuwIsh 2005; Kennet et al. 2011; Ulrich, this volume). » #2920 Andrew Blair, Derek Kennet, Sultan Al-Duwish, Investigating an early Islamic landscape on Kuwait Bay: the archaeology of historical Kadhima, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2012 vol. 42:pp. 13-26 ~ p. 13 Kadian dam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.146029 long 53.757602 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kadian dam , Kafanu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3195102 coordinate: lat 29.45 long 56.65 NIMA/GNS names: Kafanu , Kafanu Pass , كفنو , VARIANT names: Kafanu , Kafar Chah Mandah : stream grp 41 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 6180900 coordinate: lat 31.8463889 long 64.2461111 NIMA/GNS names: Kafar Chah Mandah , Kafarca Mandeh , VARIANT names: Kafar Chah Mandah , Kafar Qal`eh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068336 coordinate: lat 35.875917 long 59.424384 NIMA/GNS names: Eslam Qal'eh , Kafar Qal`eh , Kafir Qal`eh , کافر قلعه , VARIANT names: Kafar Qal`eh , Kafeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10391985 coordinate: lat 28.8183 long 53.1709 NIMA/GNS names: Kafeh , کفه , VARIANT names: Kafeh , Kafri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068360 coordinate: lat 29.5010601 long 52.48628082 NIMA/GNS names: Kafri , Kofri , کفری , VARIANT names: Kafri , Kaha : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068412 coordinate: lat 28.5851 long 55.7202 NIMA/GNS names: Kaha , Kahah , Kaheh , كه , كهه , كهه , VARIANT names: Kaha , ※ SOURCE for Kaha « 1st April) Kaha, 5 farsakhs ; 8 a.m. to 2.30 p.m. Next morning we marched to Behnu. The road descends the Dehistan gorge (which contains a small stream, whence the Dehistan fields get their water) but soon crosses the ridge on the left, and enters a long plain, where stands the village of Behnu, watered by channels from the river we had seen the day before. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 Kahn Mahomedi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.396353 long 56.363395 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kahn Mahomedi , ※ SOURCE for Kahn Mahomedi « At 19½ miles occurred the fort of Kahn Mahomedi, belonging to Afshars, svho speak Turkish. N. 20° E. from thence was the ruined fort of Orzu, the people of which ocoupy huts near it. A good deal of land was urlder cultivation in this part of the plain, watered by copious canat streams. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 60 Kahneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3197838 coordinate: lat 27.771111 long 54.691667 NIMA/GNS names: Kahna Dozd , Kahna Duzd , Kahna Duzed , Kahneh , Kahneh Dozd , Kohneh , كهنا دزد , كهنه , كهنه , كهنه دزد , VARIANT names: Kaana-Duzd , Kahaneh , Kahneh , Kiane-Merbout , ※ SOURCE for Kaana-Duzd « At this point, named "Piri Bala," where the road touches the river, a road branches off to Kaana-Duzd, » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 26 ※ SOURCE for Kahaneh « Plus loin paraissent deux chemins. Celui qui est à droite mène à Kahanèh; celui qui est à gauche à Acham-Pachaï-Chah. Ces villages, sont chacun à deux et trois farsengs au-delà. [Further on, two paths appear. The one on the right leads to Kahanèh; the one on the left to Acham-Pachaï-Chah. These villages are each two and three farsengs beyond.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 431 ※ SOURCE for Kahneh « We entered the basin of a salt river, and presently caught sight of Kahna from afar, a black date-grove against a low range of limestone hills. The village fort contains about fifteen families. It belongs to Fath Ali, who bought it ten years ago, and has spent money in repairing the qanat. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 147 ※ SOURCE for Kiane-Merbout « Kiane-Merbout 8 farsengs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 489 Kahneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068482 coordinate: lat 27.90939 long 54.014315 NIMA/GNS names: Kahneh , کهنه , VARIANT names: Kahneh , Kahnoo : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068539 coordinate: lat 27.6629 long 52.94 NIMA/GNS names: Kahnoo , Kahnow , Kahnowyeh , Kahnuyeh , کهنویه , VARIANT names: Kahnoo , Kahnudj - i Pandjeh Garten : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.2375 long 57.5833333333333 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kahnudj - i Pandjeh Garten , ※ SOURCE for Kahnudj - i Pandjeh Garten « Breitenbestimmungen aus astronomischen Beobachtun- gen zwischen Kermån und Bender 'Abbas. Breite Länge Kahnudj-i Pandjeh, Garten 28 14 15 57 35 (letzteres nach der englischen Admiralitätskarte). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~ p. 351 Kahnuj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3754691 coordinate: lat 27.9262 long 56.695 NIMA/GNS names: Kahnuj , Kahnuj-e Ahmadkhani , كهنوج , كهنوج احمدخانی , VARIANT names: Kahnuj , Kahnuj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLA2 UFI: 10410670 coordinate: lat 27.9519 long 57.6996 NIMA/GNS names: Kahnuj , کهنوج , VARIANT names: Kahnuj , ※ SOURCE for Kahnuj « From the Rud Khanah-i-Duzdi we neither passed nor saw a village until Kahnú (two days march) but on the other hand passed herds and herds of peautiful white fleecy goats and sheep, and on the slopes of the neighbouring hills saw occasional groups of black tents denoting nomads. This stretch of the valley is evidently a winter grazing ground for large districts. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 7 Kahnuyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068540 coordinate: lat 28.055714 long 53.279878 NIMA/GNS names: Hakku , Haku , Kahnuyeh , کهنویه , VARIANT names: Kahnuyeh , Kahoristan C. : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.21262 long 55.578227 Supplement: marked in google maps as an historical landmark « کاروانسرا کهورستان » VARIANT names: Coriftan K. , Coverstone , Kahoristan C. , Karistan c. , ※ SOURCE for Coriftan K. « Wy namen ons verblyf tot Coriftan, in een, flegte Karrawanfera, dog waren verblyd dat wy onder 't dak quamen. Zyn Ed: liet aanſtonds zoo veel hout, als'er te krygen was, in de Karrawanſera brengen; [We took up our abode as far as Coriftan, in a quiet Karrawanfera, but were glad to come under the roof. His Ed: immediately had as much wood as could be obtained brought into the Karrawanſera;] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 266 « Den 9. dito na 4½ myl, is zyn Ed: in 't dorp Coriſtan gekomen. [On the 9th, after 4½ miles, his Ed: arrived in the village of Coriſtan.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Coverstone « 4th March. About 3 afternoon sett out for Coverstone, 7 farsangs, stoney way; about 3 farsangs came to a Caravensaroy called Goos Basargoon. Coverstone is a small good Caravensaroy, a very good village just by it, where may have all things eatable. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ p. 44 ※ SOURCE for Kahoristan C. کاروانسرای کهورستان مربوط به دوره صفوی است و در شهرستان خمیر، مسیرجاده بندر لنگه به بندرعباس واقع شده و این اثر در تاریخ ۲ خرداد ۱۳۷۸ با شمارهٔ ثبت ۲۳۲۸ به?عنوان یکی از آثار ملی ایران به ثبت رسیده است. « Kohoristan Caravanserai belongs to the Safavid period and is located in Khmer city, on the road from Bandar Langeh to Bandar Abbas , and this work was registered as one of the national works of Iran on June 2, 1978 with registration number 2328. » online reference link [accessed 11 Apr 2024] ※ SOURCE for Karistan c. « At 4 miles 3 furlongs we pass the caravanserai and three cisterns of Karistan, all in good repair, and the latter full of water. ... NOTE. From a mound immediately to north-east of the cisterns of Karistan a pass named "Tang Abad". leading through the range Gishu, bears E. by N.¼ N. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 33 Kahrizak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 11329713 coordinate: lat 35.529535 long 51.358823 NIMA/GNS names: Kahrizak , کهريزک , VARIANT names: Kahrizak , ※ SOURCE for Kahrizak « Now there was only one more stage, from Kahrizak to the present goal of my journeyings, a mere twenty miles. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 299 Kahtekan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069596 coordinate: lat 28.801238 long 53.773795 NIMA/GNS names: Kahtekan , Kankan , Kankar , کنکان , VARIANT names: Kahtekan , Kanakan , ※ SOURCE for Kanakan « While we were encamped at Tal-i-Zohāk Mirzā Muhammad Khan, the intelligent and obliging headman of the village of Kanakan, lower down in the Fasā valley, had brought for my inspection some painted potsherds, unmis- takably prehistoric, which had been dug up at some small mounds in his vicinity. So we started for Kanakan from below the Qal'a-i-gabri on the morning of January 12th. The route led SE. over a bare stony glacis to the foot of the curious hill-chain of Tang-i-Khuwar, which stretches from west to east across the Fasa valley, dividing it into two portions. Less than 2 miles to the NE. of the saddle by which the route crosses the chain lies the gorge through which the dry flood-bed coming from Fasa town and Khaira- bad passes; to it the name Tang-i-Khuwar properly applies. Skirting the village of Senan and the much larger one of Fidishkūh, which both receive irrigation from qanāts having their heads in the Tang-i-Khuwar gorge, we reached Konakan after a total march of 11 miles. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 149 Kahu Gish : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3068594 coordinate: lat 35.016667 long 57.533333 NIMA/GNS names: Kahu Gish , Kahu Qish , VARIANT names: Kahu Gish , Kahunak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3877983 coordinate: lat 32.2566 long 48.6169 NIMA/GNS names: Gelal Kahnak , Kahunak , Kohang , Kohnak , Kohneg , Kohonak , Kuhanak , Shahrak-e Kohang , شهرک کهنگ , کهنگ , VARIANT names: Govnek , Kahunak , ※ SOURCE for Govnek « Govnek » in {map#1361 in #3531 Correspondence, Printed Papers and Newspaper Cuttings Relating to the Persian Bank Mining Rights Corporation Ltd, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/71, in Qatar Digital Library, 1889-92 ~ p. 549/588 fig. Persian Road and Transport Coy, Plan to accompany General Report, March 1891} ※ SOURCE for Kahunak « Kahunak » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} Kahurestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068608 coordinate: lat 27.2226 long 55.5575 NIMA/GNS names: Gurestan , Hajji Barkat , Kahoorestan , Kahurestan , Khuristan , Kohurestan , Kuristan , حاجی برکت , خوريستان , كهرستان , كهورستان , كهورستان , گورستان , VARIANT names: Cabrestam , Cabrestan , Caurestan , Caurestão , Cauriston , Cauvrestan , Cavestoon , Cawrestan , Corestan , Correstan (Kūristan) , Coureʃton , Courestoon (Kharéhstaun) , Couristan , Coverstone , Cowreʃtan , Cowrstan , dorp Couristan , Kahurestan , Karistan , Kawristan , Koferstan , Koreʃton , Kovestron , Kovristoún , Kuristan , Rarestoun , ※ SOURCE for Cabrestam « Taking leave of this place, and proceeding upon their way for another three day's journey, the Portuguese of Balthasar Pessoa arrived at a place called Cabrestam (Kahuristan), enfeoffed of the Kingdom of Ormuz, and possessing wells of good water, some palm groves, and nearby, a great caravansary described as a large and vaulted one-story house of four gates, with a cistern in the vicinity. Cabrestam is a place heated by the fierce rays of the summer sun, so much so that Antonio Tenreiro, an ocular witness, declares he has seen men suffocate in the terrible heat of this land of Persia. » #3255 Ronald Bishop Smith., The First Age of the Portuguese Embassies, Navigations and Peregrinations in Persia (1507-1524), Decatur Press, Bethesda, Maryland, 1970 ~ p. 64 ※ SOURCE for Cabrestan « A 12 de outubro de 1617 metteu-se n'uma galé para a costa do relio de Lara, e desembarcou no porto de Bandel. Foi recebido multo honrosamenté por aquelle que ali era governador em nome do rei da Persia, e fornecen-Ihe conselhos para transportar sua equipagem. Saiu de Bandel a 20 de abril, é caminhando ao longo da costa do mar, em dois dias chegou a pequena povoa ção de Cabrestan, em seis á de Lara, capital da Caramania deserta, em tres a Guin, primeira cidade da Persia propriamente dita, e em seis a Schira antigamente Cyropolis. [On October 12, 1617, he boarded a galley for the coast of Lara, and disembarked at the port of Bandel. He was received most honorably by him who was governor there in the name of the king of Persia, and gave him advice for transporting his equipment. He left Bandel on the 20th of April, walking along the sea coast, in two days he reached the small town of Cabrestan, in six days he reached Lara, the capital of deserted Caramania, in three he reached Guin, the first city in Persia proper. , and in six to Schira formerly Cyropolis.] » #2280 Manoel Bernardes Branco, Portugal e os estrangeiros, Livraria De A. M. Pereira, Lisboa, 1879, ~ p. 316 « Cabrestan (De Silva Figueroa » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Caurestan « The rest of this day’s Journy was between the Mountains, where we were encounter’d by strange Flashes of Lightning, the Foretellers of this Night’s Rain, which we hardly escaped before we came to Caurestan (1) in all Twenty Miles: This Caravan Ser Raw is named from a Tree growing here, and a Village properly so called (of which it is a Composition in Persian), it being the first we met with whose Houses were fixed. fn. 1 Kuristan, about 12 miles E, of the bridge. 'I'he place has been described by Wilson {op. at. 154 ff.)- Herbert (125) calls it Cowrestan, "Caavrestan ...famous for water-melons,as bigas our pumkins, and are the best in all Persia. The Meat is very red and as sweet as Sugar, which is a great refreshment to travellers” (Tavernier, 254). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 187 ※ SOURCE for Caurestão « Ce village de Caurestão n'a guère que dix à vingt maisons, avec quel- ques jardins et un fort de torchis ne disposant d'aucune pièce d'artillerie. [This village of Caurestão has barely ten to twenty houses, with a few gardens and a cob fort with no artillery pieces.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 103 « Partimos daqui, e caminhámos tres jornadas polo meſmo modo, e chegámos a hum logar, que fe chama Cabreſtað, em o qual ha alguns palmares, e póços de agoa doce, e junto delle está húa cafa grande térrea de abóbeda com quatro portaes, e junto della húa cifterna grande. A eftas caſas chamaõ em a lingua Perfiana Carvançaras, que quer dizer, pouzada de cafilas, e estrangeiros. [We set out from here and walked three days in the same way, and arrived at a place called Cabreſtað, where there are some palm groves and wells of fresh water, and next to it is a large, vaulted ground floor with four gates, and next to it a large cifterna. In the Persian language these houses are called Carvançaras, which means, a place of inns and foreigners.] » #3280 Antonio Baiao, Itinerarios Da India A Portugal Por Terra, Imprensa Da Universidade Coimbra, 1923 ~ p. 8 ※ SOURCE for Cauriston « 17 The 17th daye we came to Cauriston [Kuristan],a litle towne lying vpon a playne. Here is good refreshing both for man and horse. Here we picht in a caravan: haueing traveled 4 lges.of a resonable waye. Here is likewise tanck water. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 84 ※ SOURCE for Cauvrestan « Le cinquième, étant parti un peu après minuit, je marchai jusques à sept heures du matin par un pays sec et tout désert où il y a beaucoup d'arbres de lentisques, et fus au gite à un assez bon village nommé Cauvrestan, où je vis de grands champs d'orge que l'on moissonnait. [On the fifth, having left a little after midnight, I walked until seven o'clock in the morning through a dry and deserted country where there are many mastic trees, and was at the lodge in a fairly good village called Cauvrestan, where I saw large fields of barley that were being harvested.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 323 ※ SOURCE for Cavestoon « Cavestoon (Chardin) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Cawrestan « Cawrestan (Herbert) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Corestan « ten negen uuren in 't dorp Corestan (2) in de carewansera, een weynigh buyten 't selve gelegen, quamen. 't Is een rust- plaetsken van weynigh accomodatie ende 't dorp bestaat in ontrent 100 van slijk en leem opgetrocke huyskens, meest van boeren die hun oogst van zaeyvelden trekken, bewoont. Hier bleven tot vierfn. 2 De Simla kaart heeft Karistan (de Bruyn: Koreston; Tavernier: Cauvrestan). Chardin vertaalt het metamas d'arbres épineux" en treft er dan ook een soort wilde pruimenboomen aan, die men ter plaatse noemde kauré. Het schijnt oorspronkelijk de naam te zijn geweest van het omliggende district, zooals trouwens de uitgang aanwijst. Dupré vindt het dorp verlaten en noemt de geheele vallei Kovristoun. [at nine o'clock in the village of Corestan (2) in the carewansera, a short distance away, quamen. It is a rest area with little accommodation and the village consists of about 100 houses made of mud and loam, mostly occupied by farmers who pull their harvest from the fields. Stayed here until four fn. 2 The Simla map has Karistan (de Bruyn: Koreston; Tavernier: Cauvrestan). Chardin translates "metamas d'arbres épineux" and finds a type of wild plum tree there, which was locally called kauré. It seems to have originally been the name of the surrounding district, as the exit indicates. Dupré finds the village deserted and calls the whole valley Kovristoun.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 40 ※ SOURCE for Correstan (Kūristan) « Correstan (Kūristān) for each carga 0,5 mahmūdi for rāhdāri; for silk one mahmūdi had to be paid. If paid here no toll was levied at Lär » #3297 John Emerson, Rahdars and Their Tolls in Safavid and Afsharid Iran, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 1987 vol. 30:no. 3:pp. 318-327 ~ p. 321 ※ SOURCE for Coureʃton « about three quarters of an hour after leven we came to fuch another, near to a great Village called Coureʃton, four Agatsch from Kor Bazirghion » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 134 ※ SOURCE for Courestoon (Kharéhstaun) « Je fus pourtant huit heures à arriver au gite, qui étoit à un village nommé Courestoon (Kháréhstaun), où il y a beaucoup de dattiers, et une sorte de pruniers sauvages, que les gens du pays nomment kauré, mot qui se prend aussi pour toute sorte d'arbre épineux ; et c'est d'où est venu le nom de Courestoon (1), que porte ce village, qui veut dire amas d'arbres épineux. fn. 1 Lisez Kharéhstaun er Khâurchstaun. Ce mot appartient à la langue persane. Fryer attribue la dénomination du karavanseray et du village à un arbre (épineux) qui croît dans cet endroit. Ce sont les dernières maisons stables et fixes de la route de Gambroàn. A new account, etc. pag. 235. (L-s.) [However, it took me eight hours to arrive at the cottage, which was in a village called Courestoon (Kháréhstaun), where there are many date palms, and a sort of wild plum tree, which the locals call kauré, a word which is also taken for every kind of thorny tree; and this is where the name Courestoon (1) came from, which this village bears, which means cluster of thorny trees. fn. 1 Read Kharéhstaun er Khâurchstaun. This word belongs to the Persian language. Fryer attributes the name of karavanseray and the village to a (thorny) tree which grows in this place. These are the last stable and fixed houses on the Gambroàn road. A new account, etc. p. 235. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 495 « Le 22, étant à Coureston (Khdrehstdun), je reçus un exprès avec des nouvelles que le vaisseau que j'attendois de Surat, avoit mouillé l'ancre la nuit même que j'en étois parti. [On the 22nd, being at Coureston (Khdrehstdun), I received an express with news that the vessel which I expected from Surat, had anchored the very night that I left it.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 9 p. 79 ※ SOURCE for Couristan « 8 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 359 ※ SOURCE for Coverstone « 4th March. About 3 afternoon sett out for Coverstone, 7 farsangs, stoney way; about 3 farsangs came to a Caravensaroy called Goos Basargoon. Coverstone is a small good Cara vensaroy, a very good village just by it, where may have all things eatable. note:Diary of 4 March 1707/8. Coverstone. Kuristân. Le Bruyn (II, 71) describes it as "the great town of Koreston seated in a plain." » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 44 and 49 ※ SOURCE for Cowreʃtan « the third night to Cowreʃtan, ſeven; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 125 ※ SOURCE for Cowrstan « The fift day at night we departed from Bender gomrow and the eighth day we lodged at a Casal, called Cowrstan. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 460 ※ SOURCE for dorp Couristan « 21 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 385 ※ SOURCE for Kahurestan « den 26. Dez. zum Dorf und der Karawanserei Kahuiristan (Kahurtscherân) 4 Farsach. [Dec. 26 to the village and caravanserai of Kahuiristan (Kahurcherân) 4 Farsach.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 124 ※ SOURCE for Karistan « At 4 miles 3 furlongs we pass the caravanserai and three cisterns of Karistan, all in good repair, and the latter full of water. ... NOTE. From a mound immediately to north-east of the cisterns of Karistan a pass named "Tang Abad". leading through the range Gishu, bears E. by N. ¼ N. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 33 ※ SOURCE for Kawristan « In these parts there is a desert extending over four nights' journey, which is the haunt of Arab brigands and in which | the samum wind blows up in the two months of June and July. ... We travelled through this desert until we came to Kawristân, a small town with running streams and gardens, and extremely hot.(132) fn. 132 This is apparently Küristān, a village on the Rûd-i Küristān, a western affluent of the Rûd-i Shûr, and on the direct westward route from the vicinity of the later town of Bandar 'Abbās. The spelling Kawrästän in the text is an error; cf. vol. IV, p. 311 (Arabic). » #357 Ibn Baṭu¯ṭah, Muh?ammad ibn ʿAbd Alla¯h, The Travels of Ibn Battuta translated with revisions and notes, from the Arabic text edited by C. Defre´mery and B. R. Sanguinetti, by H. A. R. Gibb., Hakluyt Society:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, Cambridge:New Delhi, 1958- :1993, ~ vol. 2 pp. 404-405 « Kawristān » in Map 1. The routes from Shiraz to the Gulf via Lår (1638-1706). (After Jacqueline Calmard, Les routes de Chiraz au Golfe Persique.) #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 5 p. 666 ※ SOURCE for Koferstan « Durch Kormur, Koferstan, Göſchiran und andere Orth über mannigfaltigeGe bürg und sehr gesalkene Wasserlein fas men wir vor ungeheuer hohe Berge die kein Thal durchschnitte/soweit unsere Aus gen seben kunten. [Through Kormur, Koferstan, Göſchiran and other places over various mountains and very salty little streams we came across immensely high mountains which, as far as our eyes could see, were not crossed by any valley.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 269 ※ SOURCE for Koreʃton « et nous pourſuivimes notre chemin, et arrivâmes à 11. heures du foir au grand bourg de Koreʃton, dans la plaine. Nous y logeames chez le Baillif, fans nous arrêter au Caravanserai. [and we continued our journey, and arrived at 11 o'clock in the evening at the large town of Koreʃton, in the plain. We stayed there with the Baillif, but we stopped at the Caravanserai.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 319 ※ SOURCE for Kovestron « Kovestron (Thévenot) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Kovristoún « Lorsqu'on est plus avancé, on voit, sur la gauche du chemin, trois citernes rondes et deux autres en berceau, voûtées et construites en briques, et à quelques pas une tour environnée d'un mauvais fossé. C'est la demeure des percepteurs d'un droit de péage, qui est d'un châhi par charge, et d'un droit de capitation pour les Arméniens et les Juifs, qui est d'une demi-piastre aïn. Les habitations sont éparses dans le reste de cette vallée, appelée Kovristoún.. [When we are further along, we see, on the left of the road, three round cisterns and two others in barrel vaults, vaulted and built of bricks, and a few steps away a tower surrounded by a bad ditch. It is the residence of the collectors of a toll, which is one shāhi per charge, and of a poll tax for Armenians and Jews, which is half a piastre ain. The dwellings are scattered in the rest of this valley, called Kovristoún.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 424 ※ SOURCE for Kuristan « Kuristan (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 « At 9 miles pass the dilapidated caravanserai of Kaleh Puru, with cistern (dry in March 1907) and uninhabited, the fort lying half a mile to the north of the road. At 10 miles a water-course, containing pools of water, is crossed, 80 yards broad, and banks 10 feet high. At 10½ miles and 11½ miles, pass lines of ruined qanāts. The road now becomes very stony, and sparsely covered with scrub. At 12½ miles reach the caravanserai of Kūristan. The foot hills of the Gishū range are now three miles to the north; the hills to the south, known as the Küh-i-Rasül, are two miles distant. Water. From cisterns at caravanserai and 6 wells mile N.-W » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 30 ※ SOURCE for Rarestoun « 20 février. Même direction: après une heure de marche, Rarestoun avec un caravansérail et quelques maisons, mais sans habitants. [February 20. Same direction: after an hour's walk, Rarestoun with a caravanserai and a few houses, but without inhabitants.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 533 Kai Kaus : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070306 coordinate: lat 30.735616 long 50.173457 NIMA/GNS names: Kai Kaus , Keikavoos , Keykavos , Keykavus , Keykavus-e Bala , Keykavus-e Bozorg , Kni Kaus , کیکاوس , کیکاوس بالا , کیکاوس بزرگ , VARIANT names: Kai Kaus , ※ SOURCE for Kai Kaus « The road lay across a plain, which extends from east to west for upwards of 29 miles and has a black fertile soil, to the village of Kal Káús, 7 miles north-west of Bebehan.About 3 miles from the latter place, we crossed the river Kurdistan, which is ford- able at this spot, leaving on our right, a little up the stream, the village of Kazim, and on the left the villages of Horestán, Kurdistán, and Husenabád. » #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 85 Kakh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068675 coordinate: lat 34.148036 long 58.646216 NIMA/GNS names: Kakh , Kakhak , Kakhk , کاخک , VARIANT names: Kakh , Kakhk , ※ SOURCE for Kakhk « Kakhk is a village of happy site, built on rising ground at the foot of snow-clad mountains and overlooking the valley of Gunabad, the vastness of which gives it the appearance of a desert plain. There is the shrine of Sultan Muhamad, brother of Imam Raza, conspicuous under its dome of painted tiles with fanciful designs, and evidently held in great esteem by the inhabitants. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 79 kakh ordashir babkan booshehar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.210363 long 51.653867 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Ardeshir Babakan Palace, Bushehr کاخ اردشیر بابکان بوشهر VARIANT names: kakh ordashir babkan booshehar , Kaki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068681 coordinate: lat 28.339638 long 51.520854 VARIANT names: Kakee , Kaki , Thakan , ※ SOURCE for Kakee « The town of Kakee is the residence of Jainil Khan, chief of a sub-district of Dashtistan. It is twice the size of Khormnj, but not so well built. The fort in process of construction is very fine. » #1195 Colvill, W.H., Land Journey along the Shores of the Persian Gulf, from Bushire to Lingah, The Geographical Journal, London, 1866-1867, 11:1:36-8 ~ p. 37 ※ SOURCE for Thakan « The village of Thakan is probably represented by Kaki, the chief town of Mandistan (FNN. 214). » #3077 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum Asiatic Society Monographs XIV, Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1912 ~ p.67 Kakun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068695 coordinate: lat 28.7286 long 52.9087 NIMA/GNS names: Kakun , Qal`eh-i-Gokun , کاکون , VARIANT names: Kakun , Kal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068700 coordinate: lat 27.245 long 53.8154 NIMA/GNS names: Kal , کال , VARIANT names: Kal , Kal Chenar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069104 coordinate: lat 32.055501 long 49.699494 NIMA/GNS names: Kal Chenar , Kalchandar , Kaleh Chendar , کل چنار , VARIANT names: Kal Chenar , Kal Mandah : stream grp 37 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: -3378888 coordinate: lat 32.15 long 63.3 NIMA/GNS names: Kal Mandah , VARIANT names: Kal Mandah , Kala Gaurah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069101 coordinate: lat 33.588 long 47.6663 NIMA/GNS names: Kal Gavara , Kala Gaurah , Kala Gavreh , Kal-e Gowra , Kaleh Gavar , Kalgura , Kalleh Gavarah , Kalleh Gavra , کل گاورا , کله گاوراه , VARIANT names: Kala Gaurah , kala gaurah : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.587473 long 47.665331 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: kala gaurah , Qal'a-i-gauri , ※ SOURCE for Qal'a-i-gauri « My first visit was paid to a site called Qal'a-i-gauri, 'the Fort of the Gabrs (Zoroastrians)', reached after a 24-mile march to the north-west of Gudar-pahan. There mains of the foundations of walls roughly built with d without mortar enclose an irregular quadrangle its longest side about 120 yards. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 258 Kala Ibrahimi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.171334 long 63.12549 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kala Ibrahimi , ※ SOURCE for Kala Ibrahimi « 14. Kala Ibrahimi (5 miles-170 miles 4 furlongs). » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 Kalabi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746496 coordinate: lat 26.860717 long 57.068513 NIMA/GNS names: Golabi , Kalabi , Kalavi , كلاوی , گُلابی , کلابی , VARIANT names: Kalabi , Kalavy , ※ SOURCE for Kalavy « All about here, and right up to Kalavy, the ground is very soft; there is a good deal of salt incrustation about, and near Kalavy it is a regular marsh, » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 29 Kala-i-Kah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PSTB UFI: 6214476 coordinate: lat 32.3405556 long 61.4566667 NIMA/GNS names: Kala-i-Kah , Kamisari va Sarhaddari-ye Qal`eh Kah , Kamisari wa Sarhaddari Qal`a-i-Kah , Qal`eh Kah , Qal`eh-i-Kah , Qal`eh-ye Ka , Qala-i-Kah , VARIANT names: Kala-i-Kah , Killah-Khan , ※ SOURCE for Killah-Khan « Killah-Khan-10 parasangs-a walled village, 400 houses; inhabited by Persians. » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 437 Kala-i-Kah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3374499 coordinate: lat 32.1458333 long 61.4491667 NIMA/GNS names: Do Qal`eh , Doqal`a , Kala-i-Kah , Qal`eh Kah , Qal`eh-ye Ka , Qala-i-Kah , VARIANT names: Galaka , Kalah-i-Kah , Kala-i-Kah , ※ SOURCE for Galaka « Man hieß diesen Plaß Galaka. [This place was called Galaka.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 67 ※ SOURCE for Kalah-i-Kah « Crossing the Farah Rùd we moved in a northerly directionalong its right bank for a distance of some 35 miles, over a country for the most part blank and desolate to Kalah-i-Kah, where one or two village forts and outskirts showed signs of life and means of subsistence. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 75 Kalakoli : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068743 coordinate: lat 28.6492 long 53.0537 NIMA/GNS names: Kalakoli , Kelakoli , کلاکلی , VARIANT names: Kalakoli , Kaleh Quli , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Quli « ROUTE NO. 42.FROM QIR-O-KÀRZIN PLAIN TO MADKHUN.A single stage connecting Qir-o-Karim with Route No. 41 of importance only as being the sole means of reaching this fertile plain from the N.; it leads to Maimand, the half-way stage at 5 farsakhs being Kaleh Quli, and is the shortest and best way to Shiraz. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 243 Kalat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068804 coordinate: lat 34.199189 long 58.543794 NIMA/GNS names: Kalat , Kalut , کلات , VARIANT names: Kalat , ※ SOURCE for Kalat « Zibad has perhaps less striking features, but we passed Kalat on our way thither, a large place on the hillside abounding in gardens and cultivation. As we turned aside from the marching road to dismount at this remarkable village, the inhabitants were observed to be in considerable alarm, leaving their homes or fields in haste, and in some cases running up the contiguous acclivity. It soon became evident that we were mistaken for Alamans, and it required some persuasion on the part of our guides to restore quiet and confidence. Kalat has a position assigned in certain maps, but it is misplaced with reference to other villages. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 79 Kalat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3068801 coordinate: lat 26.7268 long 53.8929 NIMA/GNS names: Kalat , Kalat al Abeid , Kalat ol `Abid , Qala-at al `Abaid , كلات , VARIANT names: Kalat , Kalat al Abeid , Kelat , Kelha , Qala'at al 'Abaid , Shevu Bay , ※ SOURCE for Kalat « Kalat, 9 m. E. by N. ofChirü. 200 houses of Shafi'i Sunnis, The village has a large fort with a round tower which is 250 feet above the sea. The people own 10 trading vessels, 6 regular pearl-boats, and over 20 smaller craft used both for fishing and for pearling. They also possess some dates and cultivation, and a few of them are merchants. The Persian Customs have a post. » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 262 ※ SOURCE for Kalat al Abeid « Kalat al Abeid » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} ※ SOURCE for Kelat « … the information called for by Government on the 17th February 1854, regarding the principal estates within my political control. No mention is therein made of the ports on the Persian Coast between Bushire and Bunder Abbas given below. … Ports. | Tribes. | Names of Chiefs. Kelat | Beni Humeed | Shaikh Mahomed bin Ahmed. » #2994 ed. Robert Hughes Thomas, Historical and Other Information Connected with Place in the Persian Gulf, government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, 1856 ~ p. 286 « Kelat a 200 habitants commerçants, marins, cultivateurs. Céréales, sels, animaux. [Kelat has 200 inhabitants, traders, sailors, farmers. Cereals, salts, animals.] » #3329 R. Vadala, Le Golfe Persique, Librairie Arthur Rousseau, 1920 ~ p. 87 ※ SOURCE for Kelha « Kelha » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Qala'at al 'Abaid « Qala'at al 'Abaid » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Chiru G-39L 1941} « Qala'at al 'Abaid » in {map#1013 in #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~ fig. Section No. IV} « Weiter schildert Jakūt Huzū (1) mit folgenden Worten: “Es ist eine schwache Veste auf einem Berge an der Küste des Persischen Meeres gegenüber der Insel Kis. Als ich sie besuchte, war sie schon verfallen" (2). Nach Tomaschek entspricht Huzü der heutigen Kalat al Abaid (3). fn. 1Vgl. oben 8. 78.fn.2Jak. 4, 974, 3.fn. 3 Nearch 52. [Jakūt Huzū (1) further describes it in the following words: “It is a weak fortress on a mountain on the coast of the Persian Sea opposite the island of Kis. When I visited it, it had already fallen into ruin” (2). According to Tomaschek, Huzü corresponds to today’s Kalat al Abaid (3). fn. 1 See above 8. 78. fn.2 Jak. 4, 974, 3. fn. 3 Nearch 52.] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 80 « Cet auteur admet que Siraf aurait pu être situé à Taheri, mais pense qu'il vaudrait mieux chercher du côté de Tcharck ou de Guirzeh, en face de l'ille de Qeis où se trouve Kelat (Kelat el-A'beid, apparement Jilla el Abed, Jilla Abades, Qal'a al-Abaid montré sur la carte de Stein entre Tchirou et Guirzeh (Gurzeh, Jirzeh)). [This author admits that Siraf could have been located at Taheri, but thinks that it would be better to look on the side of Tcharck or Guirzeh, opposite the island of Qeis where Kelat is located (Kelat el-A'beid, apparently Jilla el Abed, Jilla Abades, Qal'a al-Abaid shown on Stein's map between Tchirou and Guirzeh (Gurzeh, Jirzeh)).] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 242 « Hinter dem niedrigen VorsprungRâs Gerd erhebt sich als Endglied des Bergdistrictes Gihan-giriyah, catena mundi' die isolirte kahle dunkelfarbige Fels-tafel Kôh-Gerd bis 1200', sichtbar auf 35 Miles: nach VincentΤαρσίη Nearchs. Freilich führen uns 300 Stadien von Duânetwas weiter, zu dem 15 Miles entfernten Ankerplatz Cárek,welcher Lebensmittel und Wasser besitzt; an der Ostseitemündet ein Wasserlauf, in welchen Boote einfahren, vielleichtder Κάθραψ ποταμός des Ptolemäus. Weiter folgen an der Küstedie Orte Tâbanah تابنه Girah und Kalât-'Obeid; der letzt-genannte liegt auf einem Hügel 250' und hiess vormals Huzû??هزو eine Zwingburg des Seikh von Kiš. Im Hintergrunde??erhebt sich als runde Landmarke der Koh-i-Turungah 5150',Citronenberg. Der letzte Ankerplatz an der Küste gegenüberKiš ist Cirûh mit einem Landvorsprung 30 Miles von Carek,wo die Küste von Karmania ihren natürlichen Abschluss fand, [Behind the low projection Râs Gerd rises as the end member of the mountain district Gihan-giriyah, catena mundi' the isolated, bare, dark-colored rock table Kôh-Gerd up to 1200', visible at 35 miles: according to VincentΤαρσίη Nearchs. Of course, 300 furlongs from Duânetwas take us further to the anchorage Cárek, 15 miles away, which has food and water; On the east side a watercourse flows into which boats enter, perhaps Ptolemy's Κάθραψ ποταμός. Further along the coast are the towns of Tâbanah تابنه Girah and Kalât-'Obeid; The latter is located on a hill 250' and was formerly called Huzû?هزو, a stronghold of the Seikh of Kiš. In the background, the Koh-i-Turungah 5150', Citronenberg, rises as a round landmark. The last anchorage on the coast opposite Kiš is Cirûh with a headland 30 miles from Carek, where the coast of Karmania found its natural conclusion,] »#2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 52 ※ SOURCE for Shevu Bay « Shevu Bay or Bandar Kalat (called so by the natives owing to the west promontory having been fortified by the Portuguese, of which scattered remains of ruins may be seen to this day) affords shelter to small vessels during north-westerly gales, but is perfectly exposed to the prevailing winds from other quarters, and cannot be recommended as a desirable bay to shelter vessels of a large size, owing to the const being steep, and vessels having to be in 7 to 8 fathoms to avoid a heavy swell setting in round the west point. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 552 Kalat castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.056404 long 53.854231 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kalat castle , ※ SOURCE for Kalat castle « In particolare potrebbero essere inseriti in un itinerario storico culturale i resti del castello di Kalat a ovest di Kemeshk e le sue fortificazioni; [In particular, the remains of Kalat Castle west of Kemeshk and its fortifications could be included in a historical-cultural itinerary;] » #3327 Angelo Ferrari Pietro Ragni, Kemeshk - Risorse idriche e territorio, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche IMC – Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Roma, 2016 ~ p. 60 Kalat Shadab Kanajo (Shadab Castle) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.762755 long 57.157845 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kalat Shadab Kanajo (Shadab Castle) , ※ SOURCE for Kalat Shadab Kanajo (Shadab Castle) « کلات شاداب کنارجو (قلعه شاداب) » Kalat-e Narderi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3785914 coordinate: lat 36.995322 long 59.764721 NIMA/GNS names: Kabud Gonbad , Kabud Gunbad , Kalat , Kalat , Kalat-e Kabud Gombad , Kalat-e Naderi , Kalat-e Naderi , کلات , کلات نادری , VARIANT names: Kalat-e Narderi , Kalat-i Kogan (G5) : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 27.700476 long 52.601319 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kalat-i Kogan (G5) , ※ SOURCE for Kalat-i Kogan (G5) « Kalat-i Kogan (G5) is a massive defensive structure on a high mountain ridge about 1.5 km south of Nowabad. Along the gorge to the west of the ridge are at least two levels of conduits cut into the rock and supported in places by arches. The ridge, which measures 500 x 100 to 200 m, has steep cliffs on the west side and is protected on the east by a strong curtain wall with semicircular bastions about 3 m wide (Fig. 70). The entire summit is covered with foundations; the usual size of the structures is about 10 x 6 m. In the north is an artificial cave and a deep well. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 87 Kalat-i-Surkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.239603 long 53.984576 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: visually not located and based on mileage VARIANT names: Kalat-i-Surkh , Kalat-i-Zanjiran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.780243 long 52.175955 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kalat-i-Zanjiran , ※ SOURCE for Kalat-i-Zanjiran « At about 4¼ miles is a long rocky mound, known as Kalat-i-Zanjiran, said to have been an ancient fortress, rising to a height of some 300 feet, about a of a mile to the S. of the road. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 66 Kalatu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: GROVE UFI: 10074763 coordinate: lat 27.78784 long 52.355506 NIMA/GNS names: Kalatu , کلاتو , VARIANT names: Kalatu , ※ SOURCE for Kalatu « Kalatu » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 6 : Firuzabad (Jur) - Siraf (3)} NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.035703 long 56.958575 VARIANT names: Kalatun , ※ SOURCE for Kalatun Coordinates from GE overlay of Stein’s map {map#1013 Map No. II Parts of the Provinces of Kerman and Gulf coast, , 1931-2, #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~} Coordinates [ 26.995982, 56.94968] from GE overlay of Topographische Befunde Zu Alt Hormuz Nach: Stein(1937), Schweizer (1972), Kleiss (1978) in in #302 Carls, Hans-Georg, Alt-Hormoz, ein historischer Hafen an der Strasse von Hormoz (Iran) : Retrospekt und Prospekt zu einem ungelosten archaologischen, geographischen und orientalischen Problem, Minerva Publikation, Munich, 1982 ~ p. 130 « The first of them, known as Kalatun, was reached after crossing for some 2½ miles to the west a bare alluvial plain which is liable to be flooded from the sea at exceptionally high tides. It is intersected by several shallow channels ordinarily receiving tidal water. Arrived at Kalatun, we found a considerable stretch of ground rising but slightly above the tidal flood-level covered with fragments of burnt bricks and potsherds. For a distance of more than 800 yards from north-west to south-east, I was able to trace rectangular lines of rough stonework, marking the foundations of houses. The stones, often large, seemed to have been brought from the Arabian hills across the strait, much of the material appearing to be of volcanic origin. Many small pieces of good Chinese porcelain were to be picked up, also fragments of glazed and plain ware, the latter much corroded by the effect of sea-water. Conclusive proof of maritime traffic with the Far East in early medieval times was afforded by a Chinese copper coin dating from the period A.D. 1111-19 and a number of fragments, determined by Mr. J. AlIan as also belonging to the beginning of the Sung epoch. Ships of very light draught were declared to unload in a creek to the west of Kalatun, and a Customs post controlling such traffic was within sight in the distance to the south-west. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~ p. 184 Kalbah : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -783299 coordinate: lat 25.07462 long 56.355447 NIMA/GNS names: Ghalla , Ghallah , Kalba , Kalbah , Qalba , VARIANT names: Calaga , Calaja , Calata , Calvam , Colba , Culba , Galat Kalba , Ghallah , Kalba , Kalbah , Rhudal Kulba , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Kalbah FOR Laços [Lagoa Visconde De], ※ SOURCE for Calaga « CALAGA (Pov.) - Localidade da Costa de Oman, não apontada nas cartas que consultamos, deve tratar-se de Calaja que o Visconde de Lagoa insere em (39), a partir de João de Barros, identificando-a com. » [CALAGA (Pov.) - Location on the coast of Oman, not indicated in the letters we consulted, must be Calaja that the Viscount of Lagoa inserts in (39), from João de Barros, identifying it with Ghallah.] #2566 Luís de Albuquerque, Maria Emília Madeira Santos, Estudos de história da ciência náutica: homenagem do Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, Ministério do Planeamento e da Administraçao do Território, Secretaria de Estado da Ciência e Tecnologia, Insitituto de Investigação Científica Tropical, Centro de Estudos de História e Cartografia Antiga, vol. 1, 1994 ~ p. 486 ※ SOURCE for Calaja see additional notes Calaga could be Al Hajar or Western Hajar though most likely Shinas. « upper part of Wadi Hatta in Western Hajar, a valley through which runs a route from Dibai in Trucial Oman to the town of Shinas in Batinah » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 1 pt. 1 p. 752 « haverá oitenta e sete léguas de costa, em que jazem êstes lugares do mesmo reino: Calaiate, Curiate, Mascate, Soar, Calaja, Orfação, Doba e Lima, que fica oito léguas ante de chegar ao Cabo Muçandão » [there will be eighty-seven leagues of coast, in which these places of the same kingdom lie: Calaiate, Curiate, Muscat, Soar, Calaja, Orfação, Doba and Lima, which is eight leagues before reaching Cabo Muçandão] #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ vol. 1 p354 [As the place names given above are in order along the Oman coastline from south to north and there are no coastal villages/areas providing a homonym, it leaves only alhajar.] PBR The only other usage is in #933 A Collection of Voyages and Travels, Some Now First Printed from Original Manuscripts. Others Translated Out of Foreign Languages and Now First Publish'd in English,... In Four Volumes. With a General Preface, Awnsham and John Churchill, London, 1704 vol. 3: ~ pp. 831 - 843 but this is not relevant. « CALAJA, lugar de-Localidade do golfo de Omão que João de Barros situa entre Soar (Sohar) e Orfação (Khor Fakkan), que propendemos a identificar com a Ghallah ou Kalba das cartas do Almirantado britânico, em 25° 04' lat. N. e 56° 21' long. E. [João de Barros - Da Asia] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 148 ※ SOURCE for Calata see additional notes Calata appears in a few maps from around 1650 about 2/3 of the way from Soar to Corfacao. What appears to be [S?]alaja appears in a Portuguese map of 1575-1599. See #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ index p. 416 in which they state « We are proposing correspondences between the old toponyms and actual locations whenever possible (about 45% ofthe names). » and propose Qalhat « Calata (29 D, 38a D, 42 D, 43 D, 53 D, 59 D, 60 D, 61 D,62 D, 67-2 D, 77 D, 80 D, 89 D, 94 D, 95 D, 99 D): Qalhat » « First Calhat,(3) a very large town of handsome houses … fn. 3 In the German Atlas there is a place called Kellat, and another close by called Calajute ; Calata, Ortelius. » #2616 Duarte Barbosa, A Description of the Coasts of East Africa And Malabar in the beginning of the sixteenth century , by Duarte Barbosa, A Portuguese . Translated from an early Spanish Manuscript in the Barcelona Library with Notes and a Preface byThe Hon. Henry E. J. Stanley, printed for the Hakluyt Society, London, 1866 ~ p. 32 ※ SOURCE for Calvam « Nous croyons que Calvam ne doit pas être confondu avec Umalkawim, mais qu'il feut chercher son emplacement sur la côte orientale de l'Oman. [We believe that Calvam should not be confused with Umalkawim, but found its location on the eastern coast of Oman.] » #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, Bruxelles, 1949 ~ p.12 fn.3 This passage differs considerably from that in the Spanish version, which reads as follows (Stanley's trans.): « Further along the coast of the Persian Sea, in the beforementioned inner part, are three other places belonging to the King of Ormuz: Raçolhiman, which is a good town at a distance of twenty four leagues (i.e., from Julfär) and another beyond this called Malquehoan [probably Amulgowein of Captain F. Jones] and six leagues further on there is a fortress called Culba.' For Melquehoan, which does not occur here, Ribero has Melhoha and Ramusio Mequehoan. Calvam, or Calba, is probably also in the Southern part of the Musandām peninsula. The inhabitants still bear a bad character, and this neighbourhood is known as the Pirate Coast. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.74 fn.2 ※ SOURCE for Colba « From the small island situated on the Southern side of the bay of Gorfocan as far as a point off a place called Colb 36 which is about 3½ miles distance one sails over depths of 20, 18,22,25,30, 40,45, to 57 fathoms of black sand ground, one being 9 miles off shore. The land between the two aforementioned places runs from South to North and has no crags or shoals off shore. South of Colba at about 5½ miles Nabor 37 is situated and at both places fresh water is to be obtained. fn. 36 Kalba. fn. 37 Nabar. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 304-5 ※ SOURCE for Culba « Kalbã (or Calba, Culba) is also in the Southern part of the Musandam peninsula with a fortress, which the King of Hormuz maintained there for the defence of his lands. The Book of Duarte Barbosa, vol. I. p. 74. » #2426 Mohammed Hameed Salman, Aspects of Portuguese Rule in the Arabian Gulf, 1521-1622 Being a Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of Hull, 2004 ~ p. 56 ※ SOURCE for Galat Kalba « Galat Kalba » in {map#1009 Chart 2837a. Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet, Constable, Stiffe, Guy, Brucks, 1860, 'Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet' [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837a, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Ghallah « In Kalba (earlier called Ghallah) the Naqbiyin lived with Sharqiyin. » #659 Heard-Bey, Frauke, From Trucial States to United Arab Emirates, A Society in Transition, 1982 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Kalba « The Persians also seized Khor Fakkan from the Portuguese in 1622, but their success was short-lived. In 1623 Ruy Freire de Andrade ejected the Persians from Khor Fakkan though he was himself shortly afterwards displaced by an Arab force under the first imam of the Ya'ruba dynasty in Oman, Nasir ibn Murshid. In 1631 the Portuguese built a fort at Julfar, having apparently regained this port with a view to mounting an attack on Hormuz from it. The Portuguese also had minor forts at Kalba and Dibbah. » #6 Hawley, Donald, The Trucial States, Allen and Unwin, London, 1970 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Kalbah « People recalled there had been Naqbiyiin traders at Kalba, and Shihuh traders at Dibba Bai’ah. Lorimer (1908 – 15; vol.11, 516, 576, 970, 1006, 1605 – 14, 1684) stated there had been boats owned and trading in the Gulf, to Iran, the Makran coast, and the Omani coast and Masqat, at Bukha, Jadi, Kumzar, Filim, Maqaqa, Shaisa, Lima, Dibba Bai’ah, Khor Fakkan, Kalba, Khor Kalba, and Murair. People met at these places had no, or only very vague knowledge of this trading around a hundred years ago. » #2813 William Lancaster, Fidelity Lancaster, Honour is in Contentment Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighbouring Regions, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 2011 ~ pp. 261-262 ※ SOURCE for Rhudal Kulba « Rhudal Kulba is a fort and village, in lat. 25° 4' 20" N., long. 56° 24' 26" E. It has about one hundred inhabitants, who are fishermen and cultivators. A few supplies may be obtained at all these places. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p.624 Kal-e Chendar : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 32.058373 long 49.700086 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location based on reproducing Figure 3.4 VARIANT names: Kal-e Chendar , ※ SOURCE for Kal-e Chendar « Kal-e Chendar in » #3555 Vito Messina, Jafar Mehr Kian, Shami, Kal-e Chendar, Research of the Iranian-Italian Joint Expedition in Khuzestan, Archaeopress Archaeology, Oxford, 2025 ~ Figure 3.4 - Geomorphological setting of the Kal-e Chendar sacred landscape within the gigantic landslide detached from the Kuh-e Bilaba mountain (Image from Google Earth-Pro App, retrieved on 29/12/2023). p. 23 Kaleh Aly Abad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.563881 long 52.55993 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kaleh Aly Abad , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Aly Abad « Before leaving Ferhadabad, I took various bearings of objects in the vicinity of Shiraz, which it may be useful to detail, premising that my position was at about 1 mile from the town, on a bearing of 25° E. Village, Kaleh Aly Abad 175° 4½ miles distant. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 149 Kaleh Farangi Mansion : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.177381 long 56.27727 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dutch East India Company house , Kaleh Farangi Mansion , Kaleh Mahomed Sherif Khan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.577537 long 52.558312 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kaleh Mahomed Sherif Khan , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Mahomed Sherif Khan « Before leaving Ferhadabad, I took various bearings of objects in the vicinity of Shiraz, which it may be useful to detail, premising that my position was at about 1 mile from the town, on a bearing of 25° E. Village, Kaleh Mahomed Sherif Khan. 175° 3½ miles distant. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 149 Kaleh Newab Alieh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.580391 long 52.53527 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kaleh Newab Alieh , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Newab Alieh « Before leaving Ferhadabad, I took various bearings of objects in the vicinity of Shiraz, which it may be useful to detail, premising that my position was at about 1 mile from the town, on a bearing of 25° E. Village, Kaleh Newab Alieh 200° 3½ miles distant. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 149 Kaleh Shahriari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.139189 long 53.050065 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kaleh Shahriari , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Shahriari « At 11 miles a little stream of excellent water, better than the river, is crossed. A watermill is close by, and mile to S. are ruins of Kaleh Shahriäri, an old stone village. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 287 Kaleh Turenji : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.449856 long 53.429981 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kaleh Turenji , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Turenji « At the 39th mile we arrived at a large artificial mound, called Kaleh Turenji, which in the days of Nadir Shah was crowned by a fort; here we and our cattle assuaged our thirst with some indifferent water. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 75 Kaleh-i Kara Bulaq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.85 long 54.233333 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kaleh-i Kara Bulaq , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh-i Kara Bulaq « Kara Bulāq, Kaleh-i 28° 51' 54° 14' A fort 7 miles E. S. E. of Shish Deh: large tower in centre and bastions at corners. In space between centre tower and wall are one or two good wells. Owner the Qawam-ul-Mulk: a sort of rallying place for nomads: 400 tents seen here in 1884 by Preece. 200 mans grain sown per annum. » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 162 Kalhour bridge : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.38796 long 47.966879 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Kalhour bridge پل کلهر VARIANT names: Kalhour bridge , Pul-i-Kalhur , ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Kalhur « PUL-I-KALHURA ruined bridge over the Käshgan river in Lurístan. It is thus described by Wilson (1913).Three hours across shale hummocks and rocky foothills, mostly on foot, brought us to the ruins of Pul-i-Kalhur. This bridge has never, I believe, been visited by European before: De Morgan's brief reference to it looks as if he had only heard of it from native information; had he visited it personally he would scarcely have missed the inscription. The bridge stands in a narrow precipitous gorge scarcely 100' wide: it consisted origi-nally of a simple central span 60' wide, with several subsidiary arches: the piers of the main span are still intact and are over 30' high; they closely resemble in construction the piers of the ruined bridges at Pul-i-Kashgan and Pul-i-Khirsdar or Kurr-o-Dukhtar; the Pul-i-Kalhur is, however, unique in one respect: at the top of the southern bridge head placed some 12' high above a causeway cut into the rock, is an inscription in cufic charac-ters, consisting of some 8 lines, forming a tablet about 2 square: it doubtless records some details as to the construction of the bridge. A photograph was taken of it by Douglas who scrambled up the rock opposite till he was level with and only 15 feet away from it: the date of construction of these bridges is at present quite unknown and this inscription, if decipherable, may be of considerable archæological interest.The scenery round Pul-i-Kalhur surpasses anything I have seen in South-West Persia: fine trees, abundant vegetation, cliffs rising up 1,000 to 1,500' vertically on either side of the gorge (which is only 100 yards through), whilst in the centre stand the ruins of the bridge. The Kashgan has here cut itself a passage underneath its old bed, for some 50 yards, and races through an underground gut only some 4 feet across at the top thongh doubt-less below. A rough bridge of branches and stone is thrown across and renewed yearly after the spring floods have passed: flow level in the Tang was some 20 to 30' above present water level. » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 L-Z pp. 789-790 « The Pul-i-Kalhür here mentioned in Professor Kramers' note spans the Kāshgan river about 12 miles above the Pul-i-Dukhtar of Jaidar at a point where the river passes through a very narrow, picturesque gorge (Figs. 83, 84). It was seen by me in December 1936 on my way down from Khurramābād. Though at the time my state of health did not allow me to examine it closely, it was impossible to mistake its close resemblance to the Pul-i-Kāshgan in all structural features. The fact of both bridges being exactly dated and built by the same prince affords useful help towards determining the approximate period of the ruined bridges at Tang-i-Brin and Khaira-bād where similar structural details have been noted. (3) Just as the Pul-i-Kāshgan lies on the most direct route from Khurramābād to Koh-i-dasht, so also does the Pul-i-Kalhür lie on the route from Khurramābād to Tarhän. This supports the conclusion that the present Khurramābād was a chief seat of Badr ibn Hasanawaih, and is identical with the town and castle of Sabürkhuwāst which is repeatedly mentioned by Arabic authors in connexion with that ruler. (4)fn. 3 See above, pp. 49 sq., 72 sqq. fn. 4See Schwarz, Iran im Mittelalter, v. p. 668 sq., for references to Säbür-khuwast. Its castle, where the rebel son of Badr ibn Hasanawaih (Hasanûye) in 1009-10 was made a captive along with treasures, is the stronghold of Bälä-hisar in the centre of Khurramabad. The location of Sabürkhuwast at Khurramābād was rightly suggested already by Rawlinson, J.R.G.S., ix. (1839) p. 98. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ pp. 272-3 Kali Kuheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 29.25643 long 51.733244 VARIANT names: Kali Kuheh , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Kali Kuheh FOR Ghandejan [Ghasemi], ※ SOURCE for Kali Kuheh « Figure 2. Satellite image of the north part of the 814-hectare Kali Kuheh site in Tol-e Saman, Sar Mashhad (Google Earth 2012). » #3084 Parsa Ghasemi, Preliminary Report on the Identification of Ghandejan / Dasht-e Barin City Center on Sar Mashhad Plain, North of the Persian Gulfگزارش مقدماتی از شناسایی موقعیت شهر باستانی غندجان/ دشت بارین در دشت سر مشهد ، شمال دریای پارس, Journal of Iranian Archaeology, 2013 no. 3:65-71 ~ p. 67 Kali Kuheh Caravansary : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.247214 long 51.754004 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Caravanserai Bahram , Kali Kuheh Caravansary , Tel Saman Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Caravanserai Bahram « Caravanserai Bahram On the southeast edge of Tal Naqara Khana, the remains of a square building can be seen. This building has a special resemblance to the Sassanid era caravanserais and, like other buildings in Ghandijan, is made of stone and plaster. The said building, which is known as Bahram's caravanserai or Bahram's hut, is located on two floors and is planned around a central courtyard. Each side of the building is about eighty meters long. Until the last few years, parts of the second floor were standing, but today a small part of the second floor remains. In the construction of the buildings of this ancient site, materials such as plaster and stone have been used, according to the presence of stucco found in this ancient site, the presence of plaster decorations in the architectural works of this site has been proven. It seems that the building in question has a square plan and is made of stone and plaster. Figure (10) (Ebrahimi, 2004 (3) Another name of this building is Caravanserai Keli Kohe. Ghasemi (2012 A: 68 Caravanserai Bahram or Keli Kohe). ... It is located east of the city of Ghandijan and it is possible that its construction dates back to the first Islamic centuries (ibid). Ibn Othman 1333 (3837) If the caravanserai of Kushk Bahram or Kelli Koh is the same building built by Bazour Andjani, it can be concluded that the caravanserai building belongs to the end of the fourth and the beginning of the fifth lunar centuries. What it seems from the appearance of the building is that the construction method and the type of arching and the materials used and the fit of the building are similar to the architecture of the Sassanid period, not to the Islamic period. Another possibility is that the intended building was not a caravanserai but a military barracks for the temporary deployment of the army should be in the direction of the city of Bishapur and Navindjan towards the city of Kor and the Persian Gulf.» #3124 Hassan Karimian and Afshin Aryanpur, Sassanid-Islamic City of Ghandijan: Spatial Organization, Form and Function, Journal of Iranian Studies, Tehran, ~ p. 238 ※ SOURCE for Kali Kuheh Caravansary « Mahmoud Ibn Osman when talking about Sheikh Abou Eshagh's followers, mentions a person called Sheikh Bazu Ghadanjani who erected a caravansary in Dasht-e Barin (Mahmoud Ibn Osman 1979, 394). This caravansary is most probably "Kushk" or "Kali Kuheh Caravansary" at the eastern margin of the city that has been investigated by the author in 2007; this structure resembles early Islamic structures in terms of architectural features (Fig. 5) (Ghasemi 2008). » #3084 Parsa Ghasemi, Preliminary Report on the Identification of Ghandejan / Dasht-e Barin City Center on Sar Mashhad Plain, North of the Persian Gulfگزارش مقدماتی از شناسایی موقعیت شهر باستانی غندجان/ دشت بارین در دشت سر مشهد ، شمال دریای پارس, Journal of Iranian Archaeology, 2013 no. 3:65-71 ~ p. 68 [exact location not known but based on Figure 5. The remains of Kali Kuheh Caravansary or Kushk at the northeast margin of Kali Kuheh site, Tol-e Saman, Sar Mashhad. in #3084 Parsa Ghasemi, Preliminary Report on the Identification of Ghandejan / Dasht-e Barin City Center on Sar Mashhad Plain, North of the Persian Gulfگزارش مقدماتی از شناسایی موقعیت شهر باستانی غندجان/ دشت بارین در دشت سر مشهد ، شمال دریای پارس, Journal of Iranian Archaeology, 2013 no. 3:65-71 ~ p. 68. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Tel Saman Caravanserai in google maps کاروانسرای تل سامان Kalimeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069217 coordinate: lat 28.943404 long 51.459519 NIMA/GNS names: Kalameh , Kalimeh , Kalmeh , كلمه , VARIANT names: Kalama , Kalimeh , Kélémé , Khalluma , Khaloma , Khuleema , Kullema , ※ SOURCE for Kalama « 7, KALAMA-20 miles north-west by west-162 miles, 5 hours-40 hours. Road level and good for first 5 miles, then rather difficult in defile; thence to end of march good. Soil for the most part sand and gravel. Direction for 18 miles, north-west by north. Leave encamping ground, and at 14 miles a road turns off to right front, leading to Dehroot (about 16 miles off). » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 738 ※ SOURCE for Kélémé « Notre marche tendait vers le nord, quand nous approchions de Kélémé. Ce hameau, faisant partie du district de Houmal, est peuplé d'une centaine de familles qui logent sous des cabanes de pal- miers. Il n'y a que deux maisons bâties en terre, et fermées par deux grandes portes. [Our march tended towards the north, when we approached Kélémé. This hamlet, part of the district of Houmal, is populated by a hundred families who live under palm huts. There are only two houses built of earth, and closed by two large doors.] » #3256 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Gazetteer of Persia Vol. IV, Printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1892 ~ vol. 2 p. 56 ※ SOURCE for Khalluma « Khalluma 25 miles A small village at one corner of a small plain. Road in a pass through the rocks, formed by a small rivulet running in a winding course. Another vil-lage, called Taluk, lies at the other extremity of the plain, which is well watered and cultivated. » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ p. 460 ※ SOURCE for Khaloma « nous fimes environ cinq farsangs pour arriver au village de Khaloma où nous trouvâmes enfin de l'eau potable. [We traveled about five farsangs to reach the village of Khaloma where we finally found drinking water.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 514 ※ SOURCE for Khuleema « Khuleema » in {map#1233 Route Map Shiraz to Bushire round trip, TAYLOR R L Lieutenant-Colonel, 1858, British Library: IOR X/3125, route map 5} ※ SOURCE for Kullema « Kullema » in {map#1231 ‘Sketch of Lieut. Snodgrass’s Route from Bushire to Shiraz, via Feruzabad, A.D. 1810’, , , [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3118, in Qatar Digital Library} Kalmard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069214 coordinate: lat 33.489899 long 56.275247 NIMA/GNS names: Gilmurd , Kalmard , Qalmarz , Robat-e Kalmard , Robat-e Kalmard , رباط کلمرد , VARIANT names: Kalmard , Pahanauens , Qalmarz , ※ SOURCE for Pahanauens « The 28. day we went some 5. forsongs to a Towne called Pahanauens where we rested 2. daies and two nights.There is great store of raw silke, or Auerisham as they call it. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 52 ※ SOURCE for Qalmarz « Qalmarz » in {map#1337 INDEX MAP to ROUTES IN PERSIA Vol. I.' [?265r] (1/2), , , 'INDEX MAP to ROUTES IN PERSIA Vol. I.' [?265r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/1, f 265, in Qatar Digital Library fig. } Kalmat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10907991 coordinate: lat 31.740065 long 50.20786 NIMA/GNS names: Kalmat , Kalmat-e Shalu , کلمت , کلمت شالو , VARIANT names: Kalmat , Kalu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746059 coordinate: lat 27.263 long 53.7098 NIMA/GNS names: Kalu , Kulu , کلو , کولو , VARIANT names: Kalu , Kalukan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3195242 coordinate: lat 27.933333 long 56.05 NIMA/GNS names: Kah Kun , Kalakun , Kalukan , Qale`h-i-Kuh , كلوكن , كه كون , VARIANT names: Kalukan , Kam Asal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069424 coordinate: lat 28.293056 long 57.604444 NIMA/GNS names: Kam Asal , Kam Hasal , Kam Sal , Kam Sel , VARIANT names: Kam Asal , Kamusal , ※ SOURCE for Kamusal « Kamusal » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Isfandaqeh H-40V 1941} « [“Marco Polo’s Conosalmi, where he was attacked by robbers and lost the greater part of hismen, is perhaps the ruined town or village Kamasal (Kahn-i-asal = the honey canal), nearKahnúj-i-pancheh and Vakílábád in Jíruft. It lies on the direct road between Shehr-i-Daqíánús(Camadi) and the Nevergún Pass. The road goes in an almost due southerly direction. » #1103 Marco Polo and Rustichello of Pisa, The Travels of Marco Polo: The Complete Yule-Cordier Edition, Dover Publications inc., New York, 1993, 2 vols ~ vol. 1 p. 106 Kamalabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069281 coordinate: lat 28.8398 long 52.4799 NIMA/GNS names: Kamalabad , کمال آباد , VARIANT names: Kamalabad , ※ SOURCE for Kamalabad « my attention was attracted by a mound rising above the flat ground. It lay near the walled hamlet of Kamālābād, situated about 4 miles in a direct line to WNW. from Firūzābād. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 127 Kamard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 235938 coordinate: lat 35.766389 long 51.749208 NIMA/GNS names: Kamard , كمرد , VARIANT names: Kamard , Kamar-e Zard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069365 coordinate: lat 29.9452 long 52.635 NIMA/GNS names: Kamar Zard , Kamar Zard Ramjerd , Kamar-e Zard , Kamar-e Zard-e Ramjerd , کمرزرد , VARIANT names: Kamar-e Zard , Kambujiyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HSTS UFI: 10527446 coordinate: lat 30.2079 long 53.1852 NIMA/GNS names: Kambujiyeh , کمبوجیه , VARIANT names: Kambujiyeh , Tall-e Takht , ※ SOURCE for Tall-e Takht Tall-e Takht تل تخت Kamjun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069430 coordinate: lat 29.6457 long 53.1162 NIMA/GNS names: Gom Jan , Kamjan , گم جان , کمجان , VARIANT names: Darvazeh Tepe , Kamjun , ※ SOURCE for Darvazeh Tepe #888 p.235 before Medes and Persians #411 p. 79 Kamp-e Atashkadeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 10400781 coordinate: lat 29.1471 long 53.6236 NIMA/GNS names: Kamp-e Atashkadeh , کمپ آتشکده , VARIANT names: Atash-kadeh site , Kamp-e Atashkadeh , ※ SOURCE for Atash-kadeh site « A terrace of bare limestone rock at the foot of the spur opposite to the Atash-kadeh site and at a distance of 700 yards from it bears the monolith pillar (Fig. 26) to which the site obviously owes its name. The large stone which Sir William Ouseley was the first to describe has been roughly carved into a quadrangular shape, evidently in situ, out of a detached block of lime- stone, for on clearing the ground at its foot, which was covered with loose stone debris, the rough surface of the rock was laid bare projecting from 3 to 6 in. beyond the base. The pillar rises to 10 ft. above the present ground level and measures there 3 ft. 10 in. square, and its top, slightly tapering, holds a circular hollow, 2 ft. 2 in. in diameter and 1 ft. 1 in. deep. This proves beyond all doubt that the pillar was used as a fire-altar for Zoroastrian wor- ship. Into the northern and western faces, at a height of about 6 ft. from the ground, circular medallions measuring 14 in. in diameter have been carved to a depth of about an inch. The medallion on the west shows traces of what may have been a decorative design or possibly a Pahlavi inscription, as Sir William Ouseley thought, but the traces of whatever it was, are badly effaced. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 177 Kanaqin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3107316 coordinate: lat 34.3469444 long 45.4005556 NIMA/GNS names: Kanaqin , Khanaqin , Khanikin , Khaniqin , VARIANT names: Chanekin , Hadji-Kara , Kanaqin , Khanikin , ※ SOURCE for Chanekin « Chanekin » in {map#1343 Reisen im Orient. von H. Petermann ; Nebst Einer Karte, Entworfen Von H. Kiepert. 2. Band, p. 243, 1861, } ※ SOURCE for Hadji-Kara « Nous fimes halte dans le village de Hadjy-Kara, situé sur la rive droite de cette rivière. Il y a un caravansérail nouvellement bâti. C'est le dernier en-droit où l'on trouve des dattiers sur cette route. [We stopped in the village of Hadjy-Kara, located on the right bank of this river. There is a newly built caravanserai. It is the last place where date palms can be found on this route.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 223 ※ SOURCE for Khanikin « At 18½ miles, crossing a stream, walled gardens are reached passing between which, stony streets are traversed, and the bridge over the rapid stream of the Hulvan crossed at 19 miles. The river bed is 100 yards wide, and the bridge is solid brick and stone; roadway 25 feet. The stream, 60 yards wide, is fordable. Khānikin is situated on both banks of the Hulvän river amongst gardens, and possesses a telegraph and post office. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 148 « Le lendemain après avoir paſſé la rivière à gué, nous fimes cinq heu-res de chemin, et campames à Khanikin, gros bourg ſitué ſur le bord de la rivière de Halvan, [The next day, after fording the river, we traveled for five hours and camped at Khanikin, a large town situated on the banks of the Halvan River.] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 173 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 21.509146 long 59.256368 VARIANT names: Kanara , ※ SOURCE for Kanara « Kanara » indicated in a figure eight bay above Spallura and St Peters B in {map#848 A Chart of the coast of Arabia, the Red Sea, and Persian Gulf, , 1740, } and only other example I can find is in {map#821 Map of the Arabian Coast, Red Sea, and Persian Gulf, Jacques-Nicolas Bellin, 1745/1746, Qatar National Library, 12896} Kanara is a region in India. "Karāvalli", the Kannada word for 'coast', is the term used by Kannada-speakers to refer to this region.The letter 'd' being always pronounced like 'r' by the Europeans, the district was named by them as 'Canara' (a corruption of the word "Kannada"). This name was retained by the British after their occupation of the district in 1799, and has remained ever since. {Wikipedia, " Kanara ", wikipedia, online reference link, (accessed: 19 Feb 2023)} Kanarattakh caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.536552 long 51.396576 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kanarattakh caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Kanarattakh caravanserai « Kanarattakh caravanserai is one of the historical monuments of Kazerun region. This caravanserai , which dates back to the Safavid era , is located in the city of Kanar Takhteh . The materials used in the construction of this building are stone and plaster, which are used to support the roof of the Toizeh arch and the pointed arch, which is one of the characteristics of Iranian architecture » online reference link [accessed 24 May 2024] Kanas Caravaserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.45608 long 52.557369 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kanas Caravaserai , Kandahar : place AFG NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3379064 coordinate: lat 31.6077778 long 65.7052778 NIMA/GNS names: Candahar , Kandahar , Kandhar , Qandahar , VARIANT names: Alexandropolis , Candahar , Kandahar , ※ SOURCE for Alexandropolis in Afghanistan. ~ owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Alexandropolis, 65.717, 31.617, AF, nkn, exact, 131, tmcIRa0100_008a » ~ Alexandria or Alexandria-in-Arachosia, or Alexandropolis (Qandahar) Afghanistan. Founded in the spring of 329 at or near Qandahar; the name is a corruption of Alexander. BIBLIOGRAPHY Isodore Charax 19; Woodcock, Greeks in India 27, 111. The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites Edited by: Richard Stillwell ※ SOURCE for Candahar « The 15. day we came to Candahar being but two course from thence, where we staied 20. or 21. daies. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 49 « We joined ourselves to three Armenians and a dozen Persian merchants, along with whom we left the city of Candahar on the 23d July, » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 213 « Den 21. Septemb. kamen wir in die erste Indianische Stadt Candahar. [On September 21st we arrived in the first Indian town, Candahar.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 70 « Candahar is a Citie of importance, which is frequented with Merchants out of Turkie, Persia, and the parts of India, and is governed by a Vice-roy. Here we abode twelve dayes, » #2540 Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, 1905, ~ vol. 3 p. 85 ※ SOURCE for Kandahar « At last the formon or passport was made out, and sealed by five officials of various kinds. We left Kandahar with a small caravan, since, as I noted, besides my own party, their company did not exceed eighteen persons, four horses, and twenty-seven camels. » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ vol. 2 p. 265 Kandar-e Kolah Boland : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069493 coordinate: lat 27.2602 long 53.3712 NIMA/GNS names: Kandar-e Kolah Boland , Kondor Kolah Boland , کندر کلاه بلند , VARIANT names: Kandar-e Kolah Boland , Kandar-e Mohammadi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746062 coordinate: lat 27.261947 long 53.387921 NIMA/GNS names: Kandar-e Mohammadi , کندر محمدی , VARIANT names: Kandar-e Mohammadi , Kandar-e Sheykh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746063 coordinate: lat 27.2679 long 53.376 NIMA/GNS names: Kandar-e Sheykh , کندر شیخ , VARIANT names: Kandar-e Sheykh , Kandarun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071992 coordinate: lat 26.755233 long 54.456415 NIMA/GNS names: Kandarun , Kanduran , Kondarun , Konderan , Kondoran , Konduran , كندارون , كندران , کندوران , VARIANT names: Kandarun , Khunderoon , ※ SOURCE for Khunderoon « Khunderoon » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Kangavar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLA2 UFI: 15360297 coordinate: lat 34.50195101 long 47.96660413 NIMA/GNS names: Kangavar , کنگاور , VARIANT names: Kangavar , Kienghevar , ※ SOURCE for Kangavar « At mile 181 where thesuburbs of Kangavär begin there is a sharp right-handed turn over a small masonry bridge (fit for L. A. M. cars and heavy lorries). The camping ground is among fields E. of Kangavar. On a hill overlooking the town are the extensive brick ruins of a fortress. The district is very fertile and contains a large number of villages. Water is abundant. There are several caravan-sarais, which are usually very dirty, and a telegraph office in the town. Population about 5,000. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 157 ※ SOURCE for Kienghevar « Au fond est, sur une petite éminence, un grand village, où nous arrivons à deux heures. Cet endroit, appelé Kienghevar, que l'on croit être l'ancienne Konkobar, semble, en effet, avoir été une ville de quelque étendue. [In the background, on a small rise, is a large village, which we arrive at at two o'clock. This place, called Kienghevar, which is believed to be the ancient Konkobar, seems, in fact, to have been a town of some size.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 254 Kanjina : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072010 coordinate: lat 34.792173 long 48.629748 NIMA/GNS names: Ganjineh , Kanjina , Kanjiyeh , Konjineh , كنجين , كنجينه , كنجيه , گنجينه , کنجینه , VARIANT names: Kanjina , Kunjineh , ※ SOURCE for Kunjineh « At 16½ miles cultivation and a ganāt are passed, and to the right lies Kunjineh, 600 houses. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 241 Kara-Aghatch River : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.184506 long 52.694954 VARIANT names: Kara-Aghatch River , ※ SOURCE for Kara-Aghatch River « Kara-Aghatch River » in {map#1139 Sketch Map of the River Mand or Kara-Aghatch, , , #1453 Ross, E. C., Notes on the River Mand, or Kara-Aghatch (The Sitakos of the Ancients) in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1883 (Dec.) New Monthly Series 5:12:712-6 ~} « The name of the Kara-Aghatch River is explained by the people, even without asking them, by Chob-i-Siyah,' i. e. black-wood, which is a literal translation of the Turkish name; but besides this literal meaning, Karah-Aghaj' is the Turkish name for the elm-tree (Ulmus). As far as known, there is near the river no district or place which is called Kara-Aghatch, and from which its name could have been derived. But I think that the name must have originated from the fact that at some place near the river, most probably near its source, a greater number of elms is to be found, or was so in former times. » #2875 Lieut.-Col. E. C. Ross, Notes on the River Mand, or Kara-Aghatch (the Sitakos of the Ancients) in Southern Persia., Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, 1883 vol. V:712-716 ~ pp. 712-3 Karachi : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2764584 coordinate: lat 24.8666667 long 67.05 NIMA/GNS names: Goth Hashim Khan , Karachi , Karanchi , Kotha Hashim Khan , Kurrachee , Kurrachi , VARIANT names: Daibul , Debal , Dewal , Diul-Sind , Karachi , Morontobara , Sindi , Taiz , Ti-yu , ※ SOURCE for Daibul #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A.C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996 p. 320 ※ SOURCE for Debal #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A.C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996 p. 320 ※ SOURCE for Dewal #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A.C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996 p. 320 ※ SOURCE for Diul-Sind #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A.C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996 p. 320 ※ SOURCE for Morontobara Co-ordinates approx. Barringtons links Morontobara with Gynaikon Limen #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ p. 5 Indica 22.4 note states « H.T.Lambrick, Sind 117 ff. argues convincingly that Morontabara is Karachi, and Alexander's harbour near the village of Gujo, the sea having receded since. » #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ ※ SOURCE for Sindi #379 p. 320 ※ SOURCE for Taiz « This seems to be the Taiz of mediaeva1 Arab geographers. According to Abulfeda (II. Pt. 2, 111, Reinaud’s transl.) Taiz was the port on the Indus for the Mekran and adjacent countries. It was on the banks of the Indus, to the west, near the canal which left the river not far from Mansurah (Brahmanabad). Ti-yu may, however, represent Daibul, which was on the Indus at its mouth, and which was the principal port of Sindh in mediaeval times. » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 13 ※ SOURCE for Ti-yu (#326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 13) Karadeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069636 coordinate: lat 28.7391 long 52.8591 NIMA/GNS names: Karadeh , Karradeh , کراده , VARIANT names: Karadeh , Karai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3069730 coordinate: lat 26.2285 long 57.2303 NIMA/GNS names: Karai , Kareh'i , Kare'i , Kar'i , Karya , Keray , Nakhlestan-e Kari , كرئی , نخلستان کری , VARIANT names: Karai , Karat , ※ SOURCE for Karat « 9-45 passed through the village of Sakui, and 10-45 arrived at Karut. Distance 16 miles. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 32 Kara'i Olya : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072030 coordinate: lat 31.805274 long 49.198555 Supplement: Derebistan location based on source details and is approximate NIMA/GNS names: Kara'i Olya , Korahi `Olya , Korahi-ye `Olya , Kora'i , Kora'i-ye `Olya , Kora'i-ye Bala , کرائی علیا , کرایی , VARIANT names: Derebistan , Kara'i Olya , ※ SOURCE for Derebistan « From this mountain nook we again passed into the long barren valley, and came to the village of Derebistan, 9 miles. It is composed of mat huts, and has a little shrine built of mud and stone. It is a pleasant place, and two lofty konar trees spread refreshing shade. The water is, I believe, slightly brackish, and we went on to a spring distant an hour's walk to encamp. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 535 Karai river : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3069732 coordinate: lat 26.2387 long 57.1428 NIMA/GNS names: Karai Rud , Karya Rud , Rud-e Kare'i , Rud-e Keray , Rudkhaneh-ye Heyv'i , Rudkhaneh-ye Kare'i , Rudkhaneh-ye Kar'i , رودخانه حيوی , رودخانه كرئی , VARIANT names: Karai river , Karaj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069644 coordinate: lat 35.832664 long 50.991545 NIMA/GNS names: Heredi , Karadj , Karadje , Karaj , Karej , Keredi , Leredi , Qasabeh-e Karaj , قصبه كرج , كرج , VARIANT names: Carah , Karaj , ※ SOURCE for Carah « The 17th daye in the evening we sett out from Teherone and ridd all night, hauing traveled 6 leauges, and picht att Carah [Kerej]. Here we rested the 18th daye. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 55 Karakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3379162 coordinate: lat 32.2 long 64.1166667 NIMA/GNS names: Karakan , VARIANT names: Karakan , Karam Shanai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3195284 coordinate: lat 28.4 long 57.9 NIMA/GNS names: Karam Shan , Karam Shanai , VARIANT names: Karam Shanai , ※ SOURCE for Karam Shanai « That night we camped beside the open track and yesterday reached this tiny village (6 or 10 huts) of Kermanshahi (not Kermanshiah the big town in North West) We are coming nearer and nearer to our snow mountains and in 2 or 3 days shall cross our first pass; here we are about 1900 feet.We are doing very short marches, which tho’ it is distressing from point of view of speed is much more pleasant and comfortable for us. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 10 Karamabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3759330 coordinate: lat 30.12843 long 52.951184 NIMA/GNS names: Karamabad , Karimabad , کرم آباد , کریم آباد , VARIANT names: Karamabad , Kovamabad , ※ SOURCE for Kovamabad « Kanats along the right of the road from about 12½ miles take water to Amirabad and Kovamabad. At 16 miles the valley opens up left and right, and the road passes over a richly cultivated plain, more than a mile broad, between hold rocky ranges, near the base of which there are colonies of Bakhtiaria in huts, Gardens and poplar trees follow the course of a canal up the middle of the valler, near which the road to Kovamabad, at 18 miles, is heavy with mud after rain. Kovamabad is a large walled village 500 yards square, with big round buttresses of brick and a gateway at the S. end. It is situated at a mile from the end of the valley, and al- though only about 80 houses are inhabited, possesses a considerable number of cattle. There is a post-house outside the village. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 190 Karameh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070916 coordinate: lat 29.498959 long 53.311989 NIMA/GNS names: Karameh , Kharameh , Kherameh , خرامه , VARIANT names: Karameh , Kharame , Kheiromeh , ※ SOURCE for Kharame « Nach 14 km erreicht man den Ort Kharame. Er liegt auf einem Tepe und hat ein mit siebeneckigen Halbtürmen bewehrtes monumentales [After 14 km you reach the village of Kharame. It is situated on a tepe and has a monumental fortified with heptagonal half-towers.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 197 ※ SOURCE for Kheiromeh « Afterwards the road led a little to the S. of that point until towards the end of the 47th mile, when we alighted at the large village Kheiromeh, after being 10 hours in the saddle. The distance is called 12 fursacks. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 75 Karand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070217 coordinate: lat 34.2842 long 46.2423 NIMA/GNS names: Karand , Karind , Kerend , Kerend-e Gharb , کرند غرب , VARIANT names: Guirind , Karand , Karind , Kassamkhan , Kassam-Khan , Kerend , Kerind (Kerina) , Kirind , Kurrend , Marj al-Qal'a , ※ SOURCE for Guirind « Nous fimes après quatre heures de chemin, et campames à Guirind, premier Konak de la Perſe que l'on rencontre fur cette route. Guirind et Khouchan ſont deux villages au haut de la montagne de Halvan; le premier eſt ruiné, mais le ſecond eft habité. Il y paſſe un gros ruiſſeau, et l'air y est très-ſain. Le fort de Guirind eſt bâti au pied d'un rocher peu éloigné de Dertenk. Entre ce fort et celui de Gueilan eſt un vallon où coule ce ruiffeau qui vient de la mon-tagne d'Eïvan, où eſt le canton de Deh-Bala: de-là il va ſe rendre à Mendeli. [We traveled four hours later and camped at Guirind, the first Konak of Persia that one encounters on this road. Guirind and Khoushan are two villages at the top of the Halvan mountain; the first is ruined, but the second is inhabited. A large stream flows through them, and the air is very healthy. The fort of Guirind is built at the foot of a rock not far from Dertenk. Between this fort and that of Gueilan is a valley where flows this stream which comes from the Eïvan mountain, where is the canton of Deh-Bala: from there it goes to Mendeli.] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 176 ※ SOURCE for Karind « The lower part of Karind is passed through at 15 miles, and half a mile further on open ground beyond is reached; here there is plenty of room for camping, and a large sarai in bad repair. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 151 ※ SOURCE for Kassamkhan « and arrived on the second day at Kassamkhan,9 the last village in Persia. Here we entered the boundaries of the Turk and had to surmount some lofty and rugged mountains which, at this point, separated the Persian territory of Kassamkhan from that of the Turkoman. » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ vol. 2 p. 367 ※ SOURCE for Kassam-Khan « The 19th we came to Kassam-Khan, the last place under the Persian government, and made a present to the governor, that he might give me a guard to protect me from the Turkomans, which he not only did, but gave me a licence to procure provisions free at his villages without payment, which yet I did not avail myself of. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 218 ※ SOURCE for Kerend « The toponym Kerend has a long history. This study explores the appearance of Kerend in pre-modern sources, beginning with the toponym Karintaš in the late second millennium BC. Kassite, Elamite and Assyrian rivalry for control over the central western Zagros mountains is discussed and the survival of the name in later antiquity is investigated. A derivative of the name appears in Claudius Ptolemy's Geography and in the Parthian Stations of Isidore of Charax, as well as in the late Antique Cosmographia of the Anonymous Geographer of Ravenna. A homonymous name from the area east of the Caspian Sea is also discussed, as are several unrelated names occurring in other sources (Achaemenid Elamite, Armenian). Introduction Excavations at Susa (modern Šūš/Shush), one of the most important archaeological sites in Iran, have yielded countless treasures and raised innumerable questions that remain to be solved. As the present study shows, sometimes even a small window » #3503 D. T. Potts, Elamite Karintas and Avestan Kvirinta: Notes on the Early History of Kerend, Iranian Studies, vol. 50:no. 3:pp. 345-367 ~ p. 345 ※ SOURCE for Kerind (Kerina) « Nous arrivâmes à dix heures à un village con-sidérable, appelé Kirin, l'ancienne Karina (1). Il est situé au pied d'un rocher escarpé, d'où sort une source abondante, qui se répand dana le vallon par divers canaux d'irrigation. Là sont quelques vignobles et beaucoup d'arbres fruitiers. Les habitans fabriquent de jolis tapis en laine de diverses couleurs, qu'ils vendent aux caravanes, ou qu'ils portent à Kermân-Châh. [We arrived at ten o'clock at a considerable village, called Kirin, the ancient Karina (1). It is situated at the foot of a steep rock, from which issues an abundant spring, which spreads into the valley by various irrigation canals. There are some vineyards and many fruit trees. The inhabitants make pretty woolen carpets of various colors, which they sell to caravans, or which they carry to Kerman-Shah.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 230 ※ SOURCE for Kirind « Denn Surkha-diza liegt 25 km hinter Hulwän. Etwas schwierig wird es allerdings für den anschließen-den Teil der Strecke: Mädharüstän Marj al-Qal'a (Kirind), die mit 6 Parasangen, also 36 km, angegeben wird. Die Entfernung Surkha-diza Kirind beträgt jedoch nur 23 km. (73) fn. 73 C. Ritter, Die Erdkunde im Verhältnis zur Natur und zur Geschichte des Menschen, 9. Theil, 3. Buch. West-Asien, 2. Aufl., 1840, S. 391/93, gibt anhand der verschiedenen Berichte von älteren Reisenden (G. Keppel, Ker Porter u.a.) für die Strecke Sar-i Pul Zuhab-Kirind nur 9 Parasangen. In diesem Fall würde sich die Strecke auf 54 km ermäßigen; der Unterschied würde also nur noch 6 km (zu 48 km) betragen. [Surkha-diza is 25 km behind Hulwän. However, it is somewhat difficult for the next part of the route: Mädharüstän Marj al-Qal'a (Kirind), which is given as 6 parasangs, i.e. 36 km. The distance to Surkha-diza Kirind is, however, only 23 km. (73) fn. 73 C. Ritter, Die Erdkunde im Beziehung zum Natur und zur Geschichte des Menschen, 9. Theil, 3. Buch. West-Asia, 2. Ed., 1840, p. 391/93, based on the various reports of older travellers (G. Keppel, Ker Porter et al.) gives only 9 parasangs for the route Sar-i Pul Zuhab-Kirind. In this case the route would be reduced to 54 km; the difference would therefore be only 6 km (to 48 km).] » #3435 Klaus Schippmann, Hinweise und Anmerkungen zu einigen sasanidischen Monumenten, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 vol. 7:pp. 157-162 ~ p. 162 ※ SOURCE for Kurrend « The district of Kurrend extends along the brink of Mount Zagros, from the vicinity of Holwan to the village of Goour. It is covered with forests of stunted oak, and inhabited by an extraordinary race of men, » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ p. 141 ※ SOURCE for Marj al-Qal'a « Etwas schwierig wird es allerdings für den anschließen-den Teil der Strecke: Mädharüstän Marj al-Qal'a (Kirind), die mit 6 Parasangen, also 36 km, angegeben wird. [However, the next part of the route, Mädharüstän Marj al-Qal'a (Kirind), is a little more difficult, as it is 6 parasangs, or 36 km long.] » #3435 Klaus Schippmann, Hinweise und Anmerkungen zu einigen sasanidischen Monumenten, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 vol. 7:pp. 157-162 ~ p. 162 Karanjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745256 coordinate: lat 28.798458 long 53.814563 NIMA/GNS names: Karanjan , Kharanjan , Khorangan , Khurangan , Xaranjan , Xorangan , Yaseriyeh , خرنجان , خورنگان , یاسریه , VARIANT names: Chareuon , Karanjan , ※ SOURCE for Chareuon « Al tramontar del sole partimmo da quel posto, ma perchè i camelli che ci portavano erano deboli per esser di quelli avvezzi a mangiar solo erba della campagna, senza farina d'orzo, nè semola, con gran fatica potemmo andare appena due leghe e passata mezzanotte di un pezzo, trovan- doci arrivati ad una villa detta Chareuon, che è della Begum, cioè della regina maggiore, e perció il chan di Sciraz, [At sunset we left that place, but because the camels that carried us were weak due to being those accustomed to eating only grass from the countryside, without barley flour or semolina, with great difficulty we were able to go just two leagues and after midnight of a while, finding ourselves arriving at a villa called Chareuon, which belongs to the Begum, that is, the major queen, and therefore the chan of Sciraz,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ pt. 2 p. 355 Kara-sou river bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.355089 long 47.110718 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kara-sou river bridge , ※ SOURCE for Kara-sou river bridge « Nous avions à notre gauche le mont Bi-sutoun, qui forme un demi-cercle, et se dirige vers l'E. Après une heure de marche, on passe un pont de huit arches, sous lequel coule la rivière Kara-sou (1), qui, après avoir reçu les eaux de la Kerka, se perd dans le Tigre, à peu de distance de Hawizè. On nous a dit que le Kara-sou prenait sa source près de Sinèh, dans les montagnes du Curdistan, à huit journées de Kermân-Châh. fn. 1 Je crois que M. Olivier, dans son Voyage en Perse, tome 11, page 24, a été induit en erreur. Il dit que cette rivière provient des sources qui se trouvent au pied du monument de Takt-Rustèm. Mais si ce qu'il avance était vrai, le lit de cette rivière ne pourrait pas être ici aussi large qu'il l'est, puisqu'elle n'aurait par-couru qu'un petit espace depuis son origine. [After an hour's walk, we cross an eight-arched bridge, under which flows the Kara-su River (1), which, after receiving the waters of the Kerka, flows into the Tigris, a short distance from Hawizè. We were told that the Kara-su has its source near Sinèh, in the mountains of Curdistan, eight days' journey from Kermân-Châh.fn. 1 I believe that Mr. Olivier, in his Voyage en Perse, volume 11, page 24, was misled. He says that this river originates from the springs located at the foot of the Takt-Rustèm monument. But if what he claims were true, the bed of this river could not be as wide here as it is, since it would have covered only a small area from its source.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol.1 pp. 248-9 Karat- uui : arch. site IRN UTM: 5200, 2930 converted to coordinate: lat 29.5 long 52 VARIANT names: Karat- uui , ※ SOURCE for Karat- uui « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Karavansara-ye Khaneh Sorkh : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3070580 coordinate: lat 29.8668 long 56.1337 NIMA/GNS names: Karavansara , Karavansara-ye Khaneh Sorkh , Khan Sorkh , Khaneh Sorkh , Khan-i-Surkh , Khun Sorkh , خون سرخ , VARIANT names: Karavansara-ye Khaneh Sorkh , karavanserai eshaq khani : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 36.028064 long 59.505952 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Ishaq Khani Caravanserai کاروانسرای اسحاق خانی VARIANT names: karavanserai eshaq khani , Karavanserai Shurdjestan : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none used kilometre position coordinate: lat 31.380826 long 52.426664 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karavanserai Shurdjestan , Karavanserail Bid Zard : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.371624 long 52.662495 Supplement: see source Baba Haji C. VARIANT names: Karavanserail Bid Zard , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Bid Zard « Karavanserail Bid Zard (Abb. 5; 180)(126)Lage: 33 km südlich von Shiraz (Zentrum), 22 km nörd- lich von Kavar und 40 km nordwestlich des Karavanserails Ab-e Germ, in + 1490 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Shiraz über Djahrom nach Lar und Bandar-e Abbas und an der Straße von Shiraz nach Firuzabad und Bandar-e Taheri (Si- raf).Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, vier Stallabtei- lungen und Halbrundtürmen an den Courtinen und Gebäu- deecken.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 51 x 48,30 m, Hofabmessun- gen 30,30 x 24,30 m, Höhe der Hoffronten 5,20 m, Höhe ein- schließlich Obergeschoß 9,60 m (Abb. 181).Baumaterial: Bruchstein, verputzt.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Relativ gut er- halten, landwirtschaftlich genutzt.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Qadjarisch, 19. Jahrhundert. [Bid Zard Caravanserai (Fig. 5; 180)(126)Location: 33 km south of Shiraz (center), 22 km north of Kavar and 40 km northwest of the Ab-e Germ Caravanserai, at + 1490 m above sea level, on the road from Shiraz via Djahrom to Lar and Bandar-e Abbas and on the road from Shiraz to Firuzabad and Bandar-e Taheri (Si-raf).Type: Court caravanserai with four iwans, four stable sections and semicircular towers on the courtyards and building corners.Dimensions: external dimensions 51 x 48.30 m, courtyard dimensions 30.30 x 24.30 m, height of courtyard fronts 5.20 m, height including upper floor 9.60 m (Fig. 181).Building material: quarry stone, plastered.Structural features and condition: relatively well preserved, used for agricultural purposes.Inscriptions: none known.Dating: Qajar, 19th century.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 101 Karavanserail Cahar Bordj (Tchahar Bordj/Chahar Bordj) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 32.838155 long 51.39723 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karavanserail Cahar Bordj (Tchahar Bordj/Chahar Bordj) , Tchâhâr-Bordj , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Cahar Bordj (Tchahar Bordj/Chahar Bordj) Cahar Bordj (iDAI objects) online reference link [accessed 25 May 2025] « Karavanserail Cahar Bordj (Tchahar Bordj/Chahar Bordj) (Taf. 9,3) (Abb. 12; 73) (56)Lage: Etwa 500 m nördlich des Robat Caleh Siah-ye Qa-dim, an der Route Esfahan - Golpayegan, in +1720 m ü.N.N.Typ: Hofanlage mit vier Iwanen, zwei Stallabteilungen, Ecktürmen und vorgezogenem Portal.Abmessungen: 48 x 50,60 m Außenmaße (ohne Vor-sprünge), 30,50 x 21,50 m Hofabmessungen.Baumaterial: Bruchsteinmauerwerk.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Das Gebäude ist durch Schubraupen zu 2/3 seines Bestandes völlig zerstört. Der Grund für diese sinnlose Zerstörung in den 80er Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts ist nicht erkennbar.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Es ist anzunehmen, daß der Bau zwischen dem Verfall des Robat Caleh Siah-ye Qadim und der Errich tung des Karavanserails Caleh Siah-ye Now als Unterkunfts gebäude gedient hat und wahrscheinlich im 14. Jahrhundert errichtet wurde.In der Nähe der Karavanserail-Gruppe Caleh Siah ist eine Lehmbefestigung (Taf. 9,4) ohne nennenswerte Innen bauten zu erwähnen.Die Anlage besitzt vier große Rundtürme und einen Portalbau.fn. 56 Ebenda 95 ff. - Der Ruinenplatz wurde am 11. 9. 1988 besucht. [Chahar Bordj Caravanserai (Tchahar Bordj/Chahar Bordj) (Plate 9.3) (Fig. 12; 73) (56) Location: Approximately 500 m north of Robat Chaleh Siah-ye Qa-dim, on the Esfahan-Golpayegan route, at +1720 m above sea level. Type: Courtyard complex with four iwans, two stable sections, corner towers, and a projecting portal. Dimensions: 48 x 50.60 m exterior dimensions (excluding projections), 30.50 x 21.50 m courtyard dimensions. Building material: Rubble masonry. Structural features and condition: Two-thirds of the building has been completely destroyed by bulldozers. The reason for this senseless destruction in the 1980s is unknown. Inscriptions: None known. Dating: It is assumed that the building served as accommodation between the decline of the Robat Caleh Siah-ye Qadim and the construction of the Caleh Siah-ye Now caravanserai and was probably built in the 14th century. Near the Caleh Siah caravanserai group, a mud fortification (Plate 9,4) without any notable interior structures is mentioned. The complex has four large round towers and a portal structure. fn. 56 Ibid. 95 ff. - The ruins site was visited on September 11, 1988.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 42 ※ SOURCE for Tchâhâr-Bordj « The La branche Nord franchit une faible hauteur de schiste noir. Tout de suite après un petit col éventé cette ancienne voie s'infléchit pour suivre le cours d'un ravin se perdant dans la plaine de Tchâh-e-Siyâh now. Dès le col on aperçoit les ruines d'un très ancien caravansérail : Tchâh-e-siyâh Qadim (site 4) qui révèle, ainsi que ses successeurs proches, la tragique histoire d'un point d'eau agonisant. Ce très intéressant monument qui date du début de l 'Islam, environné de traces plus anciennes, fut relayé 500 m. plus bas, par un autre caravansérail : également un tchâh-e-Siyâh d'époque mongole , appelé aussi Tchâhâr-Bordj (les quatre tours) (site 9) . Quand la source, malgré les efforts de captage, se fut révélée déficiente, 6 km. plus loin, dans la plaine alluviale, des ghanats furent forés par un Mi nistre de Châh Soleyman et en 1687 A.D., un des plus curieux caravansérails iraniens, Tchâh-e-Siyâh now y fut inauguré (site 27) (1). fn. 1Sur certaines cartes, ces monuments sont appelés, par erreur, Tchehelhessieh. Ces erreurs très fréquenteset qui gênent considérablement les recherches, sont dues aux transcriptions phonétiques de voyageurs ignorant la langue, auxquelles s'ajoutent celles faites au cours de la mise au net de notes hâtivement rédigées.[The northern branch crosses a low rise of black schist. Immediately after a small, winding pass, this ancient route bends to follow the course of a ravine that disappears into the Tchâh-e-Siyâh now plain. From the pass, one can see the ruins of a very ancient caravanserai: Tchâh-e-siyâh Qadim (site 4), which, along with its immediate successors, reveals the tragic story of a dying watering hole. This very interesting monument, dating from the beginning of Islam, surrounded by older remains, was replaced 500 meters lower by another caravanserai: also a Shah-e-Siyah from the Mongol period, also called Tchâhâr-Bor4j (the four towers) (site 9). When the source, despite efforts to capture it, proved deficient, 6 km further on, in the alluvial plain, ghanats were drilled by a Minister of Shah Sulayman and in 1687 AD, one of the most curious Iranian caravanserais, Tchâh-e-Siyâh now, was inaugurated there (site 27) (1). fn. 1 On some maps, these monuments are mistakenly called Tchehelhessieh. These very frequent errors, which considerably hamper research, are due to phonetic transcriptions by travelers unfamiliar with the language, to which are added those made during the editing of hastily written notes.] » #3345 Siroux, Maxime, Anciennes voies et monuments routiers de la région d'Ispahân, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1971 ~ p. 10 Karavanserail Deh Gerdu : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 31.160113 long 52.241755 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karavanserail Deh Gerdu , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Deh Gerdu online reference link [accessed 10 Apr 2025] « Karavanserail Deh Gerdu (Taf. 12,4; 13,1) (Abb. 5; 125) 90Lage: Deh Gerdu ist in etwa 37 km Entfernung (Luftli-nie) von Izad Khast der nördlichste, als Ruine erhaltene Karawanenhaltepunkt an der Kurzstrecke von Izad Khast nach Badjgah und Shiraz. Er liegt in + 2280 m ü. N. N. Am Ortist die Ruine eines Karavanserails (Abb. 125) zu unterscheiden von einem freistehenden Badegebäude, einer langrechtecki-gen Ruine, möglicherweise eines schloßartigen Gebäudes, und von einem durch Rundtürme befestigten Dorf. Dieses Dorf hatte ursprünglich Räume entlang der Außenmauer um den freien Hof herum, der in einer jüngeren Bauphase voll-ständig bebaut wurde (Abb. 125). Zwischen Izad Khast und Deh Gerdu wird in alten Karten (Abb. 9) eine Station Gom-bez Cala angegeben. Über ihre etwaige Existenz ist nichts bekannt.Typ: Das Karavanserail Deh Gerdu ist ein Hofkaravan-serail mit zwei Iwanen, vorgezogenem, dezentral angeordne-tem Portalbau und auf der Westseite angebautem Stalltrakt.Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Vorsprünge 48 × 46 m, Hofabmessungen 32 × 31,50 m und etwa 4,10 m erhaltene Ruinenhöhe (Abb. 126).Baumaterial: Bruchstein.fn. 90 Die Ruinen von Deh Gerdu wurden am 7. 6. 1987 aufgenommen. [Deh Gerdu Caravanserai (Plates 12.4; 13.1) (Fig. 5; 125) 90Location: Deh Gerdu, approximately 37 km (as the crow flies) from Izad Khast, is the northernmost preserved ruined caravan stop on the short route from Izad Khast to Badjgah and Shiraz. It lies at an altitude of 2,280 m above sea level. At the site, the ruins of a caravanserai (Fig. 125) must be distinguished from a freestanding bathing building, a long rectangular ruin, possibly a castle-like building, and a village fortified by round towers. This village originally had rooms along the outer wall surrounding the open courtyard, which was completely built over in a more recent construction phase (Fig. 125). Old maps (Fig. 9) indicate a station called Gom-bez Cala between Izad Khast and Deh Gerdu. Nothing is known about its possible existence.Type: The Deh Gerdu caravanserail is a courtyard caravanserail with two iwans, a projecting, decentralized portal, and a stable wing attached to the west side.Dimensions: External dimensions without projections: 48 × 46 m, courtyard dimensions: 32 × 31.50 m, and the preserved ruins height is approximately 4.10 m (Fig. 126).Building material: Rubble.fn. 90 The ruins of Deh Gerdu were recorded on June 7, 1987.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp.74-75 Karavanserail Eslamabad : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.112829 long 46.538294 † basis (approximate location coordinates) Supplement: most likely location based on Kleiss Abb. 134. Eslamabad (Shahabad-e Gharb), Lageskizze p. 80 VARIANT names: Karavanserail Eslamabad , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Eslamabad « Karavanserail Eslamabad (Islamabad/Shahabad-e Gharb) (Taf. 11,4) (Abb. 121 und 134) (99)Lage: Nördlich des vorgeschichtlichen Tepe von Shaha-bad-e Gharb im Ortsbereich von Eslamabad, an der Straßen-kreuzung Qasr-e Shirin - Kermanshah und Wegen nach Ilam und Pol-e Dukhtar (Dokhtar).Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit 4 Iwanen und 4 getrennten Stallabschnitten. Kuppel über dem Eingang, Halbrundtürme an den Außenfronten.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 84,50 × 74,80 m, Hofmaße 47x41,50 m. Kuppeldurchmesser 8,10 m, Mauerstärke 1 m.Baumaterial: Ziegelbau (26/26/5,5 cm) auf Orthostaten-sockel. Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Sehr stark zer-stört, teilweise vollständig abgerissen.Inschriften: sind nicht bekannt.Datierung: Vergleichbar mit dem safavidischen Kara-vanserail in Bisutun, 2. Hälfte des 17. Jahrhunderts.fn. 99 Ebenda 245. Der Bau wurde am 9. 3. 1973 vermessen. [Eslamabad Caravanserai (Islamabad/Shahabad-e Gharb) (Plate 11,4) (Figs. 121 and 134) (99)Location: North of the prehistoric tepe of Shahabad-e Gharb in the Eslamabad area, at the intersection of Qasr-e Shirin and Kermanshah roads and the roads to Ilam and Pol-e Dukhtar (Dokhtar).Type: Court caravanserai with four iwans and four separate stable sections. Dome over the entrance, semicircular towers on the exterior facades.Dimensions: External dimensions 84.50 × 74.80 m, courtyard dimensions 47 × 41.50 m. Dome diameter 8.10 m, wall thickness 1 m.Building material: Brick construction (26 x 26 x 5.5 cm) on an orthostat base. Structural features and condition: Very badly damaged, partially completely demolished.Inscriptions: Not known.Dating: Comparable to the Safavid caravanserai in Bisutun, second half of the 17th century.fn. 99 Ibid. 245. The building was surveyed on March 9, 1973.] » #3474 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1996 Band 2:Teil 1: ~ pp.80-82 Karavanserail Gili, 30 km südöstlich von Arak : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.896319 long 49.889051 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karavanserail Gili, 30 km südöstlich von Arak , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Gili, 30 km südöstlich von Arak « Karavanserail Gili, 30 km südöstlich von Arak (Abb. 3 und 71) (36)Lage:: An der modernen Asphaltstraße von Arak nach Khomein, auf einer leichten Anhöhe südlich des Dorfes, wohl an der Stelle der Gendarmerie-Station, in + 1840 m ü.N.N. Das Karavanserail, von älteren Bewohnern noch er-wähnt, ist vollständig abgerissen worden. Die Datierung und der Typ sind ungewiß.fn. 36 Der Ort Gili wurde am 27. 5. 1995 besucht. [Gili Caravanserai, 30 km southeast of Arak (Figs. 3 and 71) (36)Location: On the modern asphalt road from Arak to Khomein, on a slight hill south of the village, probably at the site of the gendarmerie station, at +1840 m above sea level. The caravanserai, still mentioned by older residents, has been completely demolished. The date and type are uncertain.fn. 36 The site of Gili was visited on May 27, 1995.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ pp. 46-9 Karavanserail Hashem (Hasham) : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 26.7423 long 55.1858 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location based on coordinates at iDAI.objects arachne VARIANT names: Karavanserail Hashem (Hasham) , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Hashem (Hasham) « Karavanserail Hashem (Hasham) (Abb. 7; 238) (118)Lage: 45 km südwestlich der Ortschaft Dezhgan (Dežgan), 97 km südwestlich von Karavanserail Qal'eh Chuno, 43 km nordöstlich von Bandar-e Langeh, in +5 m über der Clarence-Straße, die die Insel Qeshm vom Fest- land trennt, an der Küstenstraße von Bandar-e Abbas nach Bandar-e Langeh. Neben dem Karavanserail liegen die Ruinen von vier rechteckigen Zisternen.Typ: Pavillon-Karavanserail mit einer kreuzförmigen Halle und vier quadratischen Eckräumen (Abb. 239).Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne die halbrunden Pfei- lervorsprünge 15,20 × 15,20 m, Gebäudehöhe (rekonstru- iert) 5 m.Baumaterial: Bruchstein, verputzt.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Das statisch labile Pfeilersystem ist, verursacht durch Erdbeben, fast vollständig eingestürzt.Inschriften: Keine bekannt.Datierung: Wahrscheinlich safavidisch. fn. 118 Karavanserail Hashem wurde am 11.3.1986 vermessen. [Caravanserail Hashem (Hasham) (Fig. 7; 238) (118)Location: 45 km southwest of the town of Dezhgan (Dežgan), 97 km southwest of the Qal'eh Chuno caravanserail, 43 km northeast of Bandar-e Langeh, +5 m above the Clarence Strait, which separates the island of Qeshm from the mainland, on the coastal road from Bandar-e Abbas to Bandar-e Langeh. Next to the caravanserail are the ruins of four rectangular cisterns.Type: Pavilion caravanserail with a cross-shaped hall and four square corner rooms (Fig. 239).Dimensions: External dimensions without the semi-circular pillar projections 15.20 × 15.20 m, building height (reconstructed) 5 m.Building material: quarry stone, plastered.Structural features and condition: The statically unstable pillar system has almost completely collapsed due to earthquakes.Inscriptions: None known.Dating: Probably Safavid.fn. 118 Caravanserail Hashem was surveyed on March 11, 1986.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ pp. 130-1 Hashem, Hormozgan Province online reference link [accessed 19 Nov 2024] Karavanserail Kalmard : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.491432 long 56.275526 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karavanserail Kalmard , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Kalmard « Karavanserail Kalmard (Taf. 28,3 und 28,4) (Abb. 5 und 86) (101)Lage: 38 km südwestlich von Robat-e Gur (Kur) und 27 km nordöstlich von Robat-e Khan, an der Karawanen-straße von Neyshabur und Tabas nach Yazd.Am Ort sind ein älterer Bau (Robat), ein Karavan-serail, eine Wachtturm-Ruine mit 6,60 m äußerem Durch-messer, eine Zisterne und ein Ziegelbrennofen aus der Erbauungszeit des Karavanserails erhalten. Am Felsen öst-lich des Robats tritt eine Süßwasserquelle zutage (Abb. 86). [ 1,919 / 5,000 Kalmard Caravanserai (Plates 28.3 and 28.4) (Figs. 5 and 86) (101)Location: 38 km southwest of Robat-e Gur (Kur) and 27 km northeast of Robat-e Khan, on the caravan route from Neyshabur and Tabas to Yazd.An older building (robat), a caravanserai, a watchtower ruin with an outer diameter of 6.60 m, a cistern, and a brick kiln from the time of the caravanserai's construction have been preserved at the site. A freshwater spring emerges from the rock east of the robat (Fig. 86).] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 63-4 Karavanserail Kavar : arch. site IRN UTM: none used kilometre position coordinate: lat 29.188652 long 52.695065 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karavanserail Kavar , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Kavar « Karavanserail Kavar (Taf. 24,2.3) (Abb. 5; 197) (131)Lage: 39 km südlich des Karavanserails Bid Zard, 21 km nördlich des Karavanserails Tang-e Zandjiran und 2 km nördlich einer Straßenstation am Südufer des Rudkhaneh Mand, in +1540 m ü. N.N., an der Karawanenroute von Shiraz nach Firuzabad.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, zwei winkelför- migen Stallabteilungen im Nord- und Südflügel und runden Ecktürmen an der Eingangsfassade. In den Gebäudeecken vier oktogonale Räume, die direkt vom Hof her zugänglich sind.Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Turmvorsprünge48,50 × 44,50 m, Hofabmessungen 28,50 x 28,50 m, Höhen-maße liegen nicht vor.Baumaterial: Bruchstein, verputzt.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Das Karavan- serail war im Jahre seiner Vermessung im Grundriß noch gut erhalten und wurde als Stall und Scheune genutzt. Es mußte aber später der Modernisierung Kavars weichen.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Das Karavanserail soll nach Angaben Ein- heimischer von einem Händler des Bazars von Djahrom in qadjarischer Zeit erbaut worden sein. fn. 131 Das Karavanserail wurde am 26. 2. 1977 vermessen. Es wurde wenige Jahre später vollständig beseitigt. [Kavar Caravanserail (Table 24,2.3) (Fig. 5; 197) (131)Location: 39 km south of the Bid Zard Caravanserail, 21 km north of the Tang-e Zandjiran Caravanserail and 2 km north of a road station on the south bank of the Rudkhaneh Mand, at +1540 m above sea level, on the caravan route from Shiraz to Firuzabad.Type: Courtyard caravanserail with four iwans, two angular stable sections in the north and south wings and round corner towers on the entrance facade. In the corners of the building there are four octagonal rooms that are directly accessible from the courtyard.Dimensions: External dimensions without tower projections48.50 × 44.50 m, courtyard dimensions 28.50 x 28.50 m, height dimensions not available.Building material: quarry stone, plastered.Structural features and condition: In the year it was surveyed, the caravanserail was still well preserved in plan and was used as a stable and barn. However, it later had to make way for the modernization of Kavar.Inscriptions: none known.Dating: According to locals, the caravanserail was built by a merchant from the Djahrom bazaar in the Qajar period.fn. 131 The caravanserail was surveyed on February 26, 1977. It was completely demolished a few years later.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 108-9 « Kavar caravanserai » in {map#1180 Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars, , , #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~} « Kavar none - Wall and tower of the caravanserai Titel: Kavar none - Wall and tower of the caravanserai Bildnummer: D-DAI-EUR-TEH-DIA-AWK-22873 Image author: Wolfram Kleiss » at online reference link « Kavar none - Courtyard of the caravanserai Kavar, Fars (Provinz) arachne.dainst.org/entity/6822208 Arachne ID:6822208 Category: Bilder Old serial number:8858758 Informationen zum Bild Lokalisierung Kavar, Fars (Provinz), Iran (Islamische Republik), DAI Kernfelder Titel: Kavar none - Courtyard of the caravanserai Bildnummer: D-DAI-EUR-TEH-DIA-AWK-22871 Bildautor/in: Wolfram Kleiss Verantwortlichkeit für das Bild: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut Copyright DAI Veränderbarkeit: DAI Berlin, Eurasienabteilung, Teheran Archiv Ortsbezeichnung 2/Unterort: DAI Eurasienabteilung, Archiv der Aussenstelle Teheran Kategorie: - 35mm - not applicable Beschreibung: _ Inventar- oder Fundnummer: Kavar Karavans. (Kavar caravans.) » online reference link [accessed 17 Dec 2024] Karavanserail Madar-e Shah : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.211025 long 50.740383 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karavanserail Madar-e Shah , Mâder-e-Chah du col de Dhor , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Madar-e Shah « Karavanserail Madar-e Shah am Paß von Dhor (Dar/Dor) (Taf. 6,1.2) (Abb. 12; 52) 49Lage: 36 km nordwestlich vom Karavanserail Hoseyn-djeh und 14 km südöstlich des Karavanserails im Ort von Dhor(Dar/Dor) an der Karawanenstraße von Esfahan nach Golpayegan, in der Nähe eines Passes, in +2050 m ü.N.N., 2 km südöstlich eines aus Bruchsteinmauerwerk errichteten Auffangdammes, der den Weg und das Karavanserail vor plötzlich auftretenden Wassermassen schützt. Um das safavi-dische Karavanserail gruppieren sich mehrere Bauten (Abb. 52). Östlich neben dem Karavanserail steht ein Imamzadeh und westlich des Karavanserails liegen die Ruinen einer qua-dratischen Befestigung mit vier rechteckigen Türmen. Nörd-lich gegenüber dem Karavanserail ist die Zisterne (Abanbar) erhalten und westlich daneben erstrecken sich die Schuttwäl-le eines älteren, vorsafavidischen Robats. Westlich des Robats ist eine nicht näher bestimmbare Wallanlage sichtbar (Abb. 52).Inschriften: Reste einer Inschrift am Portal geben 1112 H. = 1701 A.D. als Bauzeit an.Datierung: Das safavidische Karavanserail ist also in der Regierungszeit des letzten Safaviden, Sultan Hussein (1694-1722), erbaut worden, wahrscheinlich auf Geheiß - wie der Name des Bauwerks sagt - der Mutter dieses Schahs. [Madar-e Shah Caravanserai at the Dhor (Dar/Dor) Pass (Plate 6,1.2) (Fig. 12; 52) 49Location: 36 km northwest of the Hoseyn-jeh Caravanserai and 14 km southeast of the Caravanserai in the village of Dhor (Dar/Dor) on the caravan route from Isfahan to Golpayegan, near a pass, at +2050 m above sea level, 2 km southeast of a retaining dam constructed of rubble masonry, which protects the road and the caravanserai from sudden floods. Several buildings are grouped around the Safavid caravanserai (Fig. 52). To the east of the caravanserai stands an imamzadeh, and to the west of the caravanserai lie the ruins of a square fortification with four rectangular towers. To the north, opposite the caravanserai, the cistern (Abanbar) has been preserved, and to the west of it extend the rubble walls of an older, pre-Safavid robat. To the west of the robat, an undetermined rampart is visible (Fig. 52).Inscriptions: Remains of an inscription on the portal indicate 1112 A.D. = 1701 A.D. as the construction date.Dating: The Safavid caravanserai was therefore built during the reign of the last Safavid, Sultan Hussein (1694-1722), probably at the behest—as the name of the building suggests—of the Shah's mother.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ pp. 33-35 ※ SOURCE for Mâder-e-Chah du col de Dhor « Le sommet de ce col est précédé d'une zone plate, bien protégée de tous côtés par les contreforts de la montagne. En cet endroit idéal pour le stationnement, on voit en effet proche d'anciennes installations (un grand enclos et deux ruines carrées jumelées) les vestiges d'un Qaléh mongol et le grand caravansérail Mader- e-Châh (que nous dirons du col de Dhor). Cette oeuvre, datée de 1701 A.D. (site 28) est du règne du dernier souverain effectif de la dynastie safavide, Châh Soltân Hosaïn. Près du col, par une brèche, on traverse un ancien barrage mongol, qui alimentait le site. [The summit of this pass is preceded by a flat area, well protected on all sides by the foothills of the mountain. In this ideal place for parking, we see in fact close to ancient installations (a large enclosure and two twinned square ruins) the remains of a Mongolian Qaleh and the large caravanserai Mader-e-Shah (which we will call the Dhor pass). This work, dated 1701 A.D. (site 28) is from the reign of the last effective sovereign of the Safavid dynasty, Shah Soltan Husayn. Near the pass, through a breach, we cross an old Mongolian dam, which supplied the site.] » #3345 Siroux, Maxime, Anciennes voies et monuments routiers de la région d'Ispahân, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1971 ~ p. 11 Karavanserail Mahin : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 30.19579 long 52.669159 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karavanserail Mahin , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Mahin « Karavanserail Mahin (Taf. 13,4; 14,1) (Abb. 5; 133) 94Lage: 20 km südlich von Emamzadeh Esma'il und 25 km nördlich der Pol-e Now, an der Kurzstrecke von Esfahan nach Shiraz, in + 1630 m ü. N. N.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier lwanen, überkuppeltem Portal, zwei Stallabteilungen und großen Rundtürmen an den Ecken.Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Turmvorsprünge 55,50 × 54 m, Hofabmessungen 26 x 26m, Höhe des Kuppelrau-mes 7,80 m, Höhe des Portalbaus 7,40 m (Abb. 134).Baumaterial: Gebrannte Ziegel (22 × 22 × 5cm).Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Das Karavan. serail ist sehr stark verfallen.Inschriften: Eine Bauinschrift über dem Portal ist verloren.Datierung: Sehr wahrscheinlich safavidisch, 17. Jahrhundert.fn. 94 Das Karavanserail Mahin wurde am 10. 6. 1987 vermessen. [Mahin Caravanserai (Plates 13.4; 14.1) (Fig. 5; 133) 94Location: 20 km south of Emamzadeh Esma'il and 25 km north of Pol-e Now, on the short route from Isfahan to Shiraz, at +1630 m above sea level.Type: Courtyard caravanserai with four lavands, a domed portal, two stable sections, and large round towers at the corners.Dimensions: External dimensions without tower projections 55.50 × 54 m, courtyard dimensions 26 × 26 m, height of the domed room 7.80 m, height of the portal structure 7.40 m (Fig. 134).Building material: Fired bricks (22 × 22 × 5 cm).Structural features and condition: The caravan. The seraglio is very dilapidated.Inscriptions: A construction inscription above the portal is lost.Dating: Most likely Safavid, 17th century.fn. 94 The Mahin Caravanserai was surveyed on June 10, 1987.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 78 Karavanserail Morgh (Murgh) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none coordinate: lat 33.585491 long 50.238538 † basis (unknown) Supplement: location not determined VARIANT names: Karavanserail Morgh (Murgh) , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Morgh (Murgh) « Karavanserail Morgh (Murgh) (Taf. 5,1.2) (Abb. 12; 47) (46)Lage: 20 km von Golpayegan (Brücke) und 21 km von Khomeyn entfernt, in +2000 m ü.N.N. (Paßlage), an der Ka-rawanenstraße Esfahan - Khomeyn - Hamadan - Tabriz, in leichter Hanglage.Typ: Hofanlage mit vier Iwanen und vorgezogenem(zerstörtem) Portalbau. fn. 46 Karavanserail Morgh wurde am 13. 5. 1994 vermessen. [Morgh (Murgh) Caravanserai (Plate 5,1.2) (Fig. 12; 47) (46) Location: 20 km from Golpayegan (bridge) and 21 km from Khomeyn, at +2000 m above sea level (pass location), on the caravan route Esfahan - Khomeyn - Hamadan - Tabriz, on a slight slope. Type: Courtyard complex with four iwans and a projecting (destroyed) portal structure. fn. 46 The Morgh Caravanserai was surveyed on May 13, 1994.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 30 Karavanserail Pol-e Djudjehak : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none coordinate: lat 30.021014 long 51.984106 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location not identified, position based on iDAI.gazetteer VARIANT names: Karavanserail Pol-e Djudjehak , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Pol-e Djudjehak « Karavanserail Pol-e Djudjehak (Abb. 5; 79)Lage: 41 km südöstlich von Pol-e Murt und 23 km west-lich von Sangar, in + 1740 m ü. N. N., an dem Kurzweg von Shiraz nach Khuzestan.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 35,50 × 29 m, Hofabmes-sungen 24,50 × 18 m, Gebäudehöhe 4,50 m.Baumaterial: Bruchstein. fn. 61 Das Karavanserail Pol-e Djudjehak wurde am 20. 9. 1988 vermessen. - AMI 23, 1990, 280 f. [Pol-e Judjehak Caravanserai (Fig. 5; 79)Location: 41 km southeast of Pol-e Murt and 23 km west of Sangar, at +1740 m above sea level, on the short route from Shiraz to Khuzestan.Type: Courtyard caravanserai with four iwans.Dimensions: External dimensions 35.50 × 29 m, courtyard dimensions 24.50 × 18 m, building height 4.50 m.Building material: Rubble stone. fn. 61 The Pol-e Judjehak caravanserai was surveyed on September 20, 1988. - AMI 23, 1990, 280 f.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 50 Karavanserail Sarpol-e Zohab : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 34.464779 long 45.861498 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: caravanserai , Karavanserail Sarpol-e Zohab , ※ SOURCE for caravanserai « Nous logeâmes dans un beau caravansérail bâti en briques, auquel on travaillait encore. Hamadanli - Mehemet-Hussein-Khân, commandant de la ville d'Ha-madan, le faisait construire à ses frais. [We stayed in a beautiful brick caravanserai, which was still being worked on. Hamadanli - Mehemet-Hussein-Khân, commandant of the city of Hamadan, was having it built at his own expense.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 226 ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Sarpol-e Zohab « Karavanserail Sarpol-e Zohab (Sar-e Pol-e Zahab) (Abb. 121 und 122) (91)Lage: Am Rande der Ortschaft in der Nähe des Bergu ges mit den Felsabarbeitungen und Felsreliefs westlich des Flusses. Das Karavanserail ist vollständig zerstört. Weitere Angaben können nicht gemacht werden.Nach dem ebenfalls zerstörten Karavanserail in Qasr-t Shirin ist das Karavanserail in Sarpol-e Zohab das zweite Bauwerk seiner Art auf iranischem Territorium im Zuge der Straße (Seidenstraße) Baghdad - Teheran. Die Bedeutung die ser Route zeigen die Reliefs und weitere Ruinen in der Um-gebung von Sarpol-e Zohab. Eine rechteckige Burganlage ("Qal'eh") im Ortsbereich von Sarpol-e Zohab, durch eine Straße durchschnitten (Abb. 122), erbrachte größere Keramikmengen. fn. 91 Die Ruinenplätze in der Gegend von Sarpol-e Zohab wurden im Marz 1973 besucht: AMIN. F. 8, 1975, 123ff. - Hier werden nur die Grund-risse nochmals erwähnt, die typologisch den Karawanenbauten nahestehen. [0000epe near Sanandaj, ceramics6. CARAVAN BUILDINGS IN THE PROVINCE OF KERMANSHAHSarpol-e Zohab (Sar-e Pol-e Zahab) Caravanserai (Figs. 121 and 122) (91)Location: On the outskirts of the village, near the mountain range with its rock carvings and reliefs west of the river. The caravanserai is completely destroyed. No further information can be provided.After the also destroyed caravanserai in Qasr-t Shirin, the caravanserai in Sarpol-e Zohab is the second structure of its kind on Iranian territory along the Baghdad-Tehran road (Silk Road). The importance of this route is demonstrated by the reliefs and other ruins in the area around Sarpol-e Zohab. A rectangular castle complex ("Qal'eh") in the area of ??Sarpol-e Zohab, bisected by a road (Fig. 122), yielded large quantities of pottery. fn. 91 The ruin sites in the area of ??Sarpol-e Zohab were visited in March 1973: Amin. F. 8, 1975, 123ff. - Here, only the ground plans are mentioned again, which are typologically close to caravan buildings.] » #3474 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1996 Band 2:Teil 1: ~ pp. 74-5 Karavanserails Sangar : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none coordinate: lat 29.995607 long 52.145598 † basis (unknown) Supplement: location of the ruins surveyed by Kleiss on December 8, 1988 not identified VARIANT names: Karavanserails Sangar , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserails Sangar « Karavanserails Sangar (Abb. 80) (62)Lage: 23 km östlich von Pole Djudjehak und 41 km nordwestlich von Dokuhak (Do Kuhak), in 1970 m ú. N. N., am Karawanenweg von Shiraz nach Khuzestan und am Weg von Shiraz nach Ardakan und Yasudj.Typ: Beide Bauten sind Hofanlagen. Es sind ein kleine rer Bau, offenbar ein Karavanserail, und ein größerer Bau mie vielleicht der gleichen Funktion voneinander zu unterschei den.Abmessungen: Großer Bau: Außenmaße 67 x 17 m. Hofabmessungen 42 x 42 m. Kleiner Bau: Außenmaße 19 35 m, Hofabmessungen 25 x 21 m.Die Schuttwälle der zerstörten Bauten sind a-3 m hoch. fn. 62 Die Ruinen von Sangar wurden am 8. 12. 1988 aufgenommen. [Sangar Caravanserai (Fig. 80) (62)Location: 23 km east of Pole Djudjehak and 41 km northwest of Dokuhak (Do Kuhak), at 1970 m above sea level, on the caravan route from Shiraz to Khuzestan and on the route from Shiraz to Ardakan and Yasudj.Type: Both structures are courtyard complexes. They are distinguishable from one another by a smaller structure, apparently a caravanserai, and a larger structure, perhaps serving the same function.Dimensions: Large structure: external dimensions 67 x 17 m. Courtyard dimensions 42 x 42 m. Small structure: external dimensions 19 x 35 m, courtyard dimensions 25 x 21 m.The rubble mounds of the destroyed structures are 3 m high. fn. 62 The ruins of Sangar were photographed on 8 December 1988.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 51 Karawanenhaltepunkt Tang-e Dalan : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.344077 long 55.094318 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: For a list of place names see source « Tang Dalan » VARIANT names: Karawanenhaltepunkt Tang-e Dalan , KM063 (Gaube) , ※ SOURCE for Karawanenhaltepunkt Tang-e Dalan « Karawanenhaltepunkt Tang-e Dalan (Abb. 7; 230) (115)Lage: 16 km nordwestlich von Djeyhun, 11 km südöstlich der Station Sartang (Sar Tang) und etwa 25 km südöstlich des Karavanserails Hadji Agha Djamal, der Grenz- station auf dem Gebiet der Provinz Fars, in + 280 m ü. N. N., an der alten Karawanenstrecke durch die Schlucht (Tang-e Dalan). Die moderne Straße nimmt unter Umgehung der Schlucht einen abweichenden Verlauf. » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 127 ※ SOURCE for KM063 (Gaube) « KM 063: Am Westrand des großen Geröllfeldes, an dem die vorangegangene Station errichtet wurde, steigt der Weg an und erreicht nach weiteren 14 Kilometern die Station Tang-e Delån mit einem heute zu einem Wohnhaus umgebauten Gebäude des Typs der Station KM 014, sowie einer großen, bedeckten Station (Fig. 7), die his vor wenigen Jahren als Gendarmerieposten genutzt wurde. [KM 063: On the western edge of the large scree field on which the previous station was built, the path climbs and after another 14 kilometers reaches the Tang-e Delån station with a building of the type of the station KM 014, which has now been converted into a residential building, as well as a large, covered station (Fig. 7), which was used as a gendarmerie post a few years ago. This place attracted the attention of all travelers who took our route, for here, after leaving the plain of Bandar-e "Abbās, one encountered, for the first time, running water, albeit bad in taste. ] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 42 [distance 63 kms more like 61 kms. PBR] Karawanenstation Ab-e Germ (Ab Germ) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 28.309621 long 53.05042 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karawanenstation Ab-e Germ (Ab Germ) , ※ SOURCE for Karawanenstation Ab-e Germ (Ab Germ) « Karawanenstation Ab-e Germ (Ab Germ) (Abb. 5; 231) (162)Lage: 25 km südlich von Qir (Straßenabzweigung nach Djahrom), 66 km nordwestlich von Khondj, in + 620 m ü.N.N., an der Karawanenroute von Firuzabad über Qir nach Khondj und Lar.Typ: Zweigeschossiges Stationsgebäude mit Mittelhof. Abmessungen: Außenmaße 15,30 × 15,30 m, Hofabmes- sungen 6 x 6 m. Die Gebäudehöhe läßt sich auf etwa 6,50 m rekonstruieren. fn. 162 Die Ruine wurde am 17. 3. 1986 vermessen.- Siche auch: Studia Iranica 20, 1991, Fasc. 2, 219-227. [Caravan station Ab-e Germ (Ab Germ) (Fig. 5; 231) (162)Location: 25 km south of Qir (road junction to Djahrom), 66 km northwest of Khondj, at + 620 m above sea level, on the caravan route from Firuzabad via Qir to Khondj and Lar.Type: Two-story station building with a central courtyard. Dimensions: external dimensions 15.30 × 15.30 m, courtyard dimensions 6 x 6 m. The building height can be reconstructed to be around 6.50 m. fn. 162 The ruins were surveyed on March 17, 1986. Also see: Studia Iranica 20, 1991, Fasc. 2, 219-227.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 129 Karawanenstation Herang : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 27.099134 long 54.347277 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karawanenstation Herang , ※ SOURCE for Karawanenstation Herang « Karawanenstation 11 km westlich Herang (Abb. 8; 240)120Lage: 11 km westlich Herang, 3 km östlich von Kho- lus, in + 280 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Bandar-e Kong (Bandar-e Langeh) nach Lar.Abb. 240 Karawanenstation 11 km westlich von Herang, Lageskizze, Grundriß, Schnitt und Ansicht der Zisterne119 Die am Wege liegenden Bauten sind zum Teil vermessen worden, zum Teil konnten sie nur in die Übersichtskarte aufgenommen wer- den.120 Die Station wurde am 13.3.1986 aufgenommen.Typ: Station aus mehreren, um einen Hof angeordne- ten Gebäuden und einer runden Kuppelzisterne.Abmessungen: 40 x 35 m und 40 x 30 m. Die Zisternehat einen äußeren Durchmesser von 8,60 m und eine Höhe von 4,90 m über dem Erdboden. Die durch Oberflächen- wasser gespeiste Zisterne ist stark eingeschlämmt.Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Stark verfallen.Inschriften: Keine bekannt.Datierung: Die Zisterne ist wahrscheinlich safavidisch, die Stationsgebäude qadjarisch.Zwischen den Orten Kholus und Getaveh (6 km) liegt eine weitere Zisterne (nicht vermessen). [Caravan station 11 km west of Herang (Fig. 8; 240)120Location: 11 km west of Herang, 3 km east of Kholus, at + 280 m above sea level, on the road from Bandar-e Kong (Bandar-e Langeh) to Lar.Fig. 240 Caravan station 11 km west of Herang, location sketch, floor plan, section and view of the cistern119 Some of the buildings along the road have been surveyed, some could only be included in the overview map.120 The station was recorded on March 13, 1986.Type: Station consisting of several buildings arranged around a courtyard and a round dome cistern.Dimensions: 40 x 35 m and 40 x 30 m. The cisternhas an outer diameter of 8.60 m and a height of 4.90 m above ground. The cistern, which is fed by surface water, is heavily silted up.Building material: rubble stone.Structural features and condition: heavily dilapidated.Inscriptions: None known.Dating: The cistern is probably Safavid, the station buildings Qajar.Between the towns of Kholus and Getaveh (6 km) there is another cistern (not surveyed).] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 131-2 Herang online reference link [accessed 19 Nov 2024] Karawanenstation westlich von Mahlakeh : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.788208 long 53.59185 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karawanenstation westlich von Mahlakeh , ※ SOURCE for Karawanenstation westlich von Mahlakeh « Karawanenstation westlich von Mahlakeh (Mahallaceh)/ Fishvar (Abb. 5; 233) 163Lage: 11 km westlich von Mahlakeh/Fishvar, 29 km öst- lich von Khondj, in +650 m ü. N.N., an der Straße von Khondj nach Lar. Am Ort ist eine Station mit Zisterne und Turm südlich der Straße Khondj - Lar zu unterscheiden von drei, nur noch als Grundrisse sichtbaren Hofhäusern (viel- leicht mit Stationsfunktion) nördlich der Straße (Abb. 233).Typ: Die Station ist an eine Zisterne angebaut und um- schließt einen Turm in der Mitte des Hofes. Unregelmäßig große Räume mit unklarer Einzelfunktion sind an die Au- Benmauern angebaut, so daß drei Bauphasen zu erkennen sind (Abb. 234).Abmessungen: Das unregelmäßige Viereck hat max. 28 × 28 m Seitenlänge, ohne den Vorsprung der Zisterne. Die Mauern sind bis zu 2,30 m Höhe erhalten. Die Zisterne hat einen äußeren Durchmesser von 7,20 m und ist 5,60 m hoch. Der Turm besitzt einen äußeren Durchmesser von 4 m und eine erhaltene Höhe von 6,20 m. Im unteren Teilmassiv liegt der Einstieg, das erste Geschoß 4,50 m über der Hofeben. [Caravan station west of Mahlakeh (Mahallaceh)/ Fishvar (Fig. 5; 233) 163Location: 11 km west of Mahlakeh/Fishvar, 29 km east of Khondj, at +650 m above sea level. N.N., on the road from Khondj to Lar. At the site, a station with a cistern and tower south of the Khondj - Lar road can be distinguished from three courtyard houses (perhaps with a station function), which are only visible as floor plans, north of the road (Fig. 233).Type: The station is attached to a cistern and encloses a tower in the middle of the courtyard. Irregularly large rooms with unclear individual functions are built onto the outer walls, so that three construction phases can be seen (Fig. 234).Dimensions: The irregular square has a maximum side length of 28 × 28 m, without the projection of the cistern. The walls have been preserved up to 2.30 m high. The cistern has an outer diameter of 7.20 m and is 5.60 m high. The tower has an outer diameter of 4 m and a preserved height of 6.20 m. The entrance is in the lower part of the massif, the first floor is 4.50 m above the courtyard level. ] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 130 Karb : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.438164 long 54.263471 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: assumed half way VARIANT names: Karb , Kerib (Gerib) , ※ SOURCE for Karb « Karb VI D4 Localisation approximative entre Hasü et Guwaym Etape sur la route de Darabagird à Širāz Muq 454 Schw 201 » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 52 ※ SOURCE for Kerib (Gerib) « Die russische Karte hat Gerift, das vielleicht mit Kerib (Gerib) zu verbinden ist. [The Russian map has Gerift, which may be connected with Kerib (Gerib).] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 201 Karbala' : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ADM2 UFI: -3107078 coordinate: lat 32.5 long 43.75 NIMA/GNS names: Karbala' , Karbala' Qadha' , Qada Karbala' , VARIANT names: Karbala' , Karchan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069701 coordinate: lat 34.09961 long 49.933205 NIMA/GNS names: Karchan , Karchon , Kharshan , خرشان , كارچن , کارچان , VARIANT names: Karchan , Kardar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069708 coordinate: lat 26.444124 long 57.182317 NIMA/GNS names: Kardar , كردر , VARIANT names: Kardar , Kardir , ※ SOURCE for Kardir « 11-50 came to the village of Kardir and stoppedalongside to breakfast. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 31 Kardil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070209 coordinate: lat 28.249501 long 53.047505 NIMA/GNS names: Kardil , Kerdil , کردیل , VARIANT names: Kardil , Karez : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.231922 long 62.617314 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karez , ※ SOURCE for Karez « 16. Karez (15 miles-199 miles 4 furlongs). Water bad; road good, over a level plain. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 Karez-e Allah Dad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3379373 coordinate: lat 32.442448 long 61.938931 Supplement: most westerly Karez from Farah NIMA/GNS names: Karez-e Allah Dad , کار?ز ا? داد , VARIANT names: Karez , Karez-e Allah Dad , ※ SOURCE for Karez « 20. Karez (9 miles-245 miles 4 furlongs).-Road over a fine plain, crossing the Farah Rud soon after leaving Farah. The river is about 400 yards broad, with a stream in the dry season of 150 yards, and 2 feet deep. Water clean and rapid. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335 Karez-e Kharabah-ye Barangak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CNLSB UFI: 6198204 coordinate: lat 32.473289 long 62.064484 NIMA/GNS names: Karez-e Kharabah-ye Barangak , Kareze Kharaba-i-Barangak , کار?ز خرابه برنگک , VARIANT names: Karez-e Kharabah-ye Barangak , Kargan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069743 coordinate: lat 26.934167 long 56.918056 † basis (located in google earth or maps and no other reference) NIMA/GNS names: Kargan , كرگان , VARIANT names: Kargan , Kargu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3195415 coordinate: lat 27.051667 long 53.620833 NIMA/GNS names: Kargu , Khar Kuh , Khargu , خر كوه , خرگو , كرگو , VARIANT names: Kargu , ※ SOURCE for Kargu « Kargu (in ruins) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Gabandi G-39F 1941} Karial ul `Arab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3060527 coordinate: lat 29.7113 long 57.0394 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Tazeyan , Deh Tazian , Deh-e Tazian , Golzar , Karial ul `Arab , Qariat al Arab , Qariya-tol-'Arab , Qaryat ol `Arab , Qaryatol `Arab , Qaryeh ol `Arab , Tazian , ده تازیان , قريه العرب , گلزار , VARIANT names: Karial ul `Arab , Karim Haseleh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3802670 coordinate: lat 34.137508 long 46.629007 NIMA/GNS names: Karim Haseleh , Karim Haseleh-ye Sofla , کریم حاصله , کریم حاصله سفلی , VARIANT names: Karim Harsalah , Karim Haseleh , ※ SOURCE for Karim Harsalah « At 6 miles the village of Karim Harsala is passed on the right of the road, in which there are some twenty houses; water obtained from a stream. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 153 Karimabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10414162 coordinate: lat 28.4822 long 57.7186 NIMA/GNS names: Karimabad , کریم آباد , VARIANT names: Karimabad , NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 211165 coordinate: lat 28.5252778 long 57.7275 VARIANT names: Karimabad , ※ SOURCE for Karimabad #1103 p115 map Karimabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069781 coordinate: lat 31.148889 long 52.680556 NIMA/GNS names: Karimabad , VARIANT names: Karimabad , ※ SOURCE for Karimabad « There is another large-walled village, Karimabad, 1 mile E. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 188 Kariyan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069759 coordinate: lat 28.148661 long 53.542739 NIMA/GNS names: Kareyan , Karian , Kariyan , Karyan , کاریان , VARIANT names: Karian , Kariyan , Karyan , Karyun , ※ SOURCE for Karian « KARIAN (1) LAT. 28° 3' N.; LONG. 53° 37' E.; ELEV. A village in the district to Bidshahr, Fars, the governor of which in 1882 was Lutf Ali Khan. The village, which once must have contained 2,000 inhabitants, had only three families at the time of Stack's visit. It is on the road from Lår to Firūzābād. There is a mud fort close to the village, and two others in the plain about a mile to the east. One of the latter is the mud fort (Kaleh-i-Gileh) built when Karim Khan was reigning in Shiraz (1780); it is a square earthwork with a side of 120 yards, and had a tower every 13 yards. The other is the "Fort of the Fire Well, so called from the discovery of naphtha in a well hard by; it is a tower fort with a wall on a mound. Forts and well are in ruins now. Käriän stands in the middle of three rocky hills, and these also are said to have been fortified. The tradition of the place is that Shah Karan was besieged here by 12,000 Mussalmans when the Arabs first invaded Persia. ... Conical domes of ab-ambārs rise among the ruined houses, testifying to a large water-supply and a large population in former years. ... An ancient ganāt waters the village, and Luft 'Ali Khan attempted to make another unsuccessfully. (Stack.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 p. 508 « 1 KARIAN 23 m. General direction N. of W. Road runs over the Bid-i-Shahr plain up a rocky pass and down the other side. Then over low hills covered with camel-thorn. Kariān, about 400 houses, half of which are empty and ruined. It stands in the middle of rocky hills, on one of which is a fort overlooking the town. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 466 « Persian text omitted.[In his book entitled Kitab al-Haywan, Q wrote about this: "Ziyad bin Abiyya commissioned Abdullah bin Abi Bakra to put out the fire temples. Abdullah bin Abi Bakra wanted to start this work with the fire temple of the city of "Jor", but he was told that for Zoroastrians, there is no fire temple bigger than the fire temple of Karians, that if you intend to extinguish it, no one will stop you, but if you If you turn it off, then the people of that area will prepare for war, but they will not dare to fight again. So he moved in that direction and reached Karian, and immediately the people there took refuge in the fortress of the city. ] » #3263 Vathoqi, Mohammad Baqir , Takwi, Karamatullah , Rahmani, Sadiq , Abdi Rad, Manouchehr, Detailed history of Larestan, همسایه, 2006 ~ vol. 1 p. 189 ※ SOURCE for Kariyan « 31. KARIYAN, a borough of Daragird within (... ndr?) (3) an inaccessible (sa'b) and strong fortress (hisar). A venerated fire-temple is found in it. fn. 3 Cf. § 36, 15.» #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 128 « Kariyan - Attestations: One of the three major holy fire temples of the Sasanians, Azar Farnbagh (ādur i farnbagh), or the fire of the priests, is believed to be identical with the Kariyan fire temple in Ardashir Khurrah (64). Mas'udi reported in his Moruj al-dhahab that, when the Muslims arrived, the Magians divided the holy fire of the Kariyan fire temple, taking some of it to Nasa (modern Beyza) following concerns that the Arabs might extinguish it (65). Nevertheless, the Karyian fire temple seems to have been operating well into the 4th/10th century, when it was recorded as one of the important fire temples of Fars (Muq. : 427; Hod. : 128). Kariyan, as one of the three major fire temples, distributed its flame to other, smaller temples, as was customary during the period (66). Another name given to this fire temple in the early Islamic sources is Nar Farra (Ist. : 118; Hoq. : 273). Interestingly, Nar means Fire in Arabic, and Farra can be seen as a shortened modified form of Farnbagh, hence together meaning Azar Farnbagh (The Fire of Farnbagh). - Identification: The modern village of Kariyan is located about 50 km to the south of Jahrom. Vanden Berghe made only a brief mention of the ruins of a fire temple near Kariyan (67). fn. 64 Jackson, 1921: 81-106 fn. 65 Mas'udi, vol. 2: 399 fn. 66 Christensen, 1384Š/1936: 175-6 fn. 67 Vanden Berghe, 1959: 486 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 18 « Von Hud führt der Weg durch eine breite Gebirgskette zu dem 31 km entfernten Kariyan, einem größeren Orte in einer weiten Ebene. Kariyan wird von den arabischen Geographen erwähnt als der Ort, an dem der heiligste der drei großen Feuertempel der Sasaniden stand, das Feuer Adur Farnbag oder Khordad (Schwarz 1896 p. 91, Darme- steter 1892 p. 151-153). Die Pahlavitexte berichteten, daß das Feuer von Ohrmazd zu Beginn der Schöpfung erschaffen wurde, dann von den Menschen auf einem Stier aus dem mittleren Erdteil Khwaniras über den Ozean zu den anderen Erdteilen gebracht werden sollte. [From Hud the road leads through a broad mountain range to Kariyan, a large town on a wide plain, 31 km away. Kariyan is mentioned by the Arab geographers as the place where the holiest of the three great fire temples of the Sasanians stood, the fire of Adur Farnbag or Khordad (Schwarz 1896 p. 91, Darme-steter 1892 p. 151-153). The Pahlavi texts reported that the fire was created by Ohrmazd at the beginning of creation, and was then to be brought by people on a bull from the central part of the continent of Khwanira across the ocean to the other parts of the world.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 192 ※ SOURCE for Karyan « Karyan VI C4 Id au Sud de Gahrum Iran Etape sur la route de Darabaglrd a SIraf H 262, F 246, Muq 427, 454 Yaq IV, 224-25, LS 255, Schw 91, DKI 190 »#2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 52 ※ SOURCE for Karyun « It is probable enough, too, that Karyun may be an ancient place. In a country like Persia, where the habitable spots have been markedout by Nature from the beginning of the world, the smallest human settlement in the desertmay date back thousands of years. It is at least true of Karyun that the ruins of a fort do actually stand on the hill, and that bones are plentiful in the dry torrent beds. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882~ vol. 1 p. 122 Karkheh : stream grp 33 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 31.696117 long 48.543999 VARIANT names: Karkheh , ※ SOURCE for Karkheh « Karkheh » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} ahwaz-444-a Karkheh : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.841932 long 47.98183 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karkheh , Karkheh river : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.097603 long 47.535181 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karkheh river , NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 28.761682 long 57.763157 VARIANT names: Karmana , ※ SOURCE for Karmana #846 p. 36 map 3, G4, CHRL ref. RE Karmania co-ordinates lat 28.761682 long 57.763157 estimated from map NIMA/GNS feature: ADM2 independent coordinate: lat 28.2 long 57.3 VARIANT names: Carmania , Karmania , ※ SOURCE for Karmania Herodotus tells us that the Sagartians, who spoke Persian, provided a lassoo-throwing force of 8,000 cavalry in 481 BC and were included in the southerly 14th satrapy for tribute purposes (VII 85, III 93). If the sources are to be believed they would seem to have been semi-nomads with a regular annual migration (see below, p. 184f.). The other three Persian ‘clans’ were sedentary cultivators: the Germanioi, Panthialaioi, and Derousiaioi. The first name is obviously Karmanians, so that from Herodotus’ point of view Persis extended further to the east than the modern province of Fars; Karmania later was a satrapy and not part of Persis, but its status in early Achaemenid times is undefined. Tomaschek in his basic study of Iran in the Roman itineraries noted Pantyene/Pathienas as the first station (at sixty parasangs or 200 miles) on the route from Persepolis to the Fish-eaters, and he convincingly fixed it at Sirjan on the western border of Karmania.’ #250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983, ~ p. 40 Karmastaj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069889 coordinate: lat 27.51868 long 54.494838 NIMA/GNS names: Karmastaj , Karmostaj , Karmowstaj , Kermostaj , Kermsij , Kermustaj , کرمستج , کرموستج , VARIANT names: Karmastaj , Karmoussah , Karmushteh , ※ SOURCE for Karmoussah « Près de là, sur la gau- che, est ün chemin qui conduit à Karmoussah, village près duquel sont des mines, non ex- ploitées, de fer et de cuivre. Avant le village est le mausolée d'imam-Soltoûn. [Near there, on the left, is a road which leads to Karmoussah, a village near which are unexploited mines of iron and copper. Before the village is the mausoleum of Imam Soltoûn.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 430 ※ SOURCE for Karmushteh « Then on over a small grassy plain, with a few thorn trees about and at 14 miles Nimeh caravanserai is reached. Up to this point the road is generally indifferent and stony. Here there is a small stone caravanserai with a towered gateway situated on a plain. There is a date tree plantation and one or two huts about three miles off to the N.-E. A road branches hence E. to Karmushteh. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 63 Karq Gandekan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052257 coordinate: lat 32.565052 long 59.985421 NIMA/GNS names: `Alamabad , Karq Gandekan , علم آباد , کرق گندکان , VARIANT names: Karq Gandekan , Kart Khowrd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072080 coordinate: lat 34.557861 long 48.989917 NIMA/GNS names: Eslamabad , Gard Khvord , Kardkhord , Kart Khowrd , Kord Khord , Kord Khowrd , Kordu Khvord , Qart Khurd , اسلام آباد , کرد خورد , VARIANT names: Kart Khowrd , Kentè-corte , Kurd Khurd , ※ SOURCE for Kentè-corte « Le commencement de ce district est une jolie vallée, à des inégalités près, où se trouve le beau village de Kentè-corte, qui en est le chef-lieu. [The beginning of this district is a pretty valley, with some unevenness, where is located the beautiful village of Kentè-corte, which is its capital.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 270 ※ SOURCE for Kurd Khurd « At 20 miles is a large village, Kurd Khurd, containing a fort, 400 houses, 2 qanāts, and 4,000 sheep. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 240 Karun r. : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.042951 long 49.832544 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karun r. , Karun river : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.880549 long 50.058312 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karun river , ※ SOURCE for Karun river « Karun river » in {map#1182 1000k Maps of South Asia, Survey of India in the India and Adjacent Countries series, , fig. Sheet No 010 Persia Arabia and Turkey (1915)} Karun Rud : stream grp 20 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3195327 coordinate: lat 27.1333333 long 56.8 VARIANT names: Karun Rud , ※ SOURCE for Karun Rud [at Minab near Hormuz. PBR] Karun Rud : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3069920 coordinate: lat 30.427842 long 48.165882 NIMA/GNS names: Karun , Karun Rud , Rud-e Karun , Rudkhaneh-ye Karun , رود کارون , رودخانه کارون , كرون , كرون رود , VARIANT names: Charom , Karun Rud , ※ SOURCE for Charom « CHAROM, rio-O rio Karun, que sai no Chatalárabe ou Shat-al-Arab, em 30° 26' lat. N. e 48° 10' long. E., na boca do Eufrates. [João de Barros - Da Ásia]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ Corrigenda p. 39 « E da vila Reixete até a foz do rio Eufrates, que será espaço de cinquenta e oito léguas, está a Ilha Cargue, notável neste mar, que distará da terra firme cinco léguas, e da vila Reixete quinze: e mais adiante, seguindo a costa, Mahar onde entra um rio, e depois Dirtau, Ancuza, Turaco, e o Rio Charom, [And from Vila Reixete to the mouth of the river Eufrates, which will be a space of fifty-eight leagues, is Ilha Cargue, remarkable in this sea, which will be five leagues from the mainland, and from Vila Reixete fifteen: and further on, following the coast , Mahar where a river enters, and then Dirtau, Ancuza, Turaco, and the River Charom,] » #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ vol. 3 p. 316 ※ SOURCE for Karun Rud [The coordinates mark the downstream end of the Karun Rud where it meets the Shatt al Arab Saghir.The Karun Rud passes through the locally named Rud-e Shatit (Karun Rud) at coordinate lat 31.648651, long 48.878508, the modern point of confluence of river Dizful from the west and Karun Rud from the north. PBR] Karvansara : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 10604303 coordinate: lat 30.184155 long 57.413488 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara , کاروانسرا , VARIANT names: Karvansara , karvansara tarikhi doplan : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 31.91776 long 50.595915 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Duplan Historical Caravanserai کاروانسرا تاریخی دوپلان VARIANT names: karvansara tarikhi doplan , Karvansara-ye Allahabad : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none NIMA/GNS dataset coordinate: lat 32.709596 long 55.372731 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Allahabad , کاروانسرای الله آباد , VARIANT names: Illababad caravanserai , Karvansara-ye Allahabad , Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi , ※ SOURCE for Illababad caravanserai « I started in tho afternoon : the barrenness of the land got worse and worse, the whole country between Sukand and Tabbas can only be described as a terrible desert. At the end of 14 miles there is a fine caravanserai and a ruined village called Illahabad, which had been plundered and burnt by Biluchis t~vcnty-five years ago. Sear the village there is a little tamarisk scrub, and the eye is delighted with the sight of the green. There is a well of water at Illahabad, but it is very deep a11d the water very brackish nrl~en obtained, so it is never used by travellers. Sometimes camels and sheep are brought here to graze, but at present they have all been driven away to places nrl~ere there are forts, for fear of the Bilnchis. Soon after passing Illahabad a snlall » #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.), 3:9:513-46 ~ p. 517 ※ SOURCE for Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi « Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi » in {map#376 in SERIES 1501 AIR SHEET National Imagery and Mapping Agency fig. Kavir-e Dar Anjir, Iran NI 40-13} karvansaraye bakhshi : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.984474 long 51.448774 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: karvansaraye bakhshi , Karvansara-ye Banu : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 10398681 coordinate: lat 27.024 long 53.8601 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Banu , کاروانسرای بنو , VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye Banu , Karvansara-ye Barashlu : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: HLT UFI: 10400764 coordinate: lat 29.046199 long 53.533114 NIMA/GNS names: Barashlu , Karvansara-ye Barashlu , Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , برشلو , کاروانسرای بارشلو , کاروانسرای شاه عباسی , VARIANT names: caravanserai (Preece) , Karvansara-ye Barashlu , ※ SOURCE for caravanserai (Preece) « Caravanserai » in {map#1192 in #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ fig. Map showing road from Shiraz to Jashk sheet 1} karvansaraye bash sarvagh : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 36.154185 long 59.627777 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Bash'sarouq Caravanserai کاروانسرای باش ساروق VARIANT names: karvansaraye bash sarvagh , Karvansara-ye Chek : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 10398680 coordinate: lat 27.0126 long 53.8583 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Chek , کاروانسرای چک , VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye Chek , karvansaraye dam tang bom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.275512 long 55.038241 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: karvansaraye dam tang bom کاروانسرای دم تنگ بوم VARIANT names: karvansaraye dam tang bom , karvansaraye diehok : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.287609 long 57.510665 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Dihok Caravanserai کاروانسرای دیهوک VARIANT names: karvansaraye diehok , Karvansara-ye Duk : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 10394651 coordinate: lat 26.9989 long 53.8817 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Duk , کاروانسرای دوک , VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye Duk , Karvansaray-e Fil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.613814 long 52.546905 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karvansaray-e Fil , ※ SOURCE for Karvansaray-e Fil « Karim built several in Shiraz, notably the Karvansaray-e Fil to the cast of his mosque, » #3003 John R. Perry, Karim Khan Zand A History of Iran, 1747-1779, University of Chicago Press, Chicago:London, 2015 ~ p. 276 karvansaraye ghale khargoshi : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.198651 long 53.191247 Supplement: listed in NIMA/GNS data as PPL Qale Kharboghi Caravanserai کاروانسرای قلعه خرگوشی NIMA/GNS names: Khargushi , Kharqushi , Qal`eh Khargushi , Qal`eh-ye Khargushi , Qal'eh Khargushi , خرگوشی , قلئه خرگوشی , قلعه خرگوشی , قلعه خرگوشی , قلعۀ خرگوشی , VARIANT names: karvansaraye ghale khargoshi , karvansaraye ghale sarkheh : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 31.836467 long 49.724268 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Sorkheh Castle Caravanserai کاروانسرای قلعه سرخه VARIANT names: karvansaraye ghale sarkheh , Karvansara-ye Hajj Mahrami : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 11727581 coordinate: lat 29.467257 long 51.350712 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Hajj Mahrami , کاروانسرای حاج محرمی , VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye Hajj Mahrami , ※ SOURCE for Karvansara-ye Hajj Mahrami [caravaserai ? PBR]nnnn Karvansara-ye Jeni : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 10950632 coordinate: lat 27.293109 long 55.352018 Supplement: This location provided by GNS (27.293109, 55.352018,Karvansara-ye Jeni,RHSE) sits on the side of the road and is about 148m at bearing of 248° from the caravanserai. NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Jeni , کاروانسرا جنی , VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye Jeni , ※ SOURCE for Karvansara-ye Jeni see source « K. Taqi Khaneh » for details Karvansara-ye Jeyhun : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 11338013 coordinate: lat 27.276881 long 55.208767 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Jeyhun , کاروانسرای جيحون , VARIANT names: Dgei Hhon , Djehoûn , Djehun , Gehoen , Gioen , Githoin , Jehoen , Jehun , Jeyhun , Jihun , Karvansara-ye Jeyhun , S. Dgei Hhou , S. Gehun , Sera Sehoen , ※ SOURCE for Dgei Hhon « , and about four a Clock by another, called Dgei Hhonat break of day we entered into bad way again, where we clambered up and down for above an hour among ftones; » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 133 [3.5 hrs at 4 km/hr ≃ 14 kms. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Djehoûn « Nous arrivâmes à midi et demi au petit ca- ravansérail de Djéhoûn. Auprès est une ci- terne découverte. Sur la gauche du chemin, on en voit une autre, dont le dessus est en forme de coupole. [We arrived at half past twelve at the small caravanserai of Djéhoûn. Nearby is an open cistern. On the left of the path, we see another, the top of which is in the form of a dome.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 426 ※ SOURCE for Djehun « Dec. 26 to the Guri Bessergun caravanserai (Gur-e Båsårgån) 6 Farsach.The last miles were really funny because of the amount of trees and herbs, 1½ farsach to a caravanserai on the left, again 1½ farsach to an old summer caravanserai. Poor and old as it was, it still had a respectable name: Djehun » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 123 ※ SOURCE for Gehoen « 21 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 385 ※ SOURCE for Gioen « Den 11. dito. Ten 2 uuren 's nachts weder vertrokken zynde, quam zyn Ed. een uur na zonsopgang aan de ruft-plaats Bonko Bonpaan, zynde 1 myl verder, dan Gioen. [On the 11th ditto. Having left again at 2 o'clock in the morning, his Ed. arrived an hour after sunrise at the resting place Bonko Bonpaan, which is 1 mile further than Gioen.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 pp. 272-3 ※ SOURCE for Githoin « 9 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 360 ※ SOURCE for Jehoen « Den 25. dito hadden wy een ſteenagtigen weg, over veel gebergte, en onder weeg veel doorn-boomen, en plantagien van dadel-boomen. Wy trokken voorby een kleine Karrawanfera, Jehoen genaamd. [On the 25th we had a one-eighth road, over many mountains, and under the road many thorn trees and plantations of date trees. We passed by a little Karrawanfera named Jehoen.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 266 ※ SOURCE for Jehun « in our Way from Goor Bazergum to Jehun (1) which is but Twelve Miles, where we were forced to stay to get more Camels, for Three had failed us in this Conflict; fn. 1 In the Jihun plain “a splendid supply of water from a Kanat and several palm trees combine to delight the traveller, who will have had to content himself for the past week with the treeless camping-grounds and water of a most indifferent quality” {Ibid. 156 f.). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 189 « 3 [March]. Sett out for Jehun, 7 farsangs, very bad stoney way. About 8 at night arrived at Tankadalone, 5 farsangs, a good caravensaroy with a Tank in the middle built in form of a cross, within side. Here lay till 4 in the morning; then sett out for Jehun, the other 2 farsangs. Arrived about 6 in the morning the 4th March. This is a good caraven. saroy tho small; a great distance from any village. note: Diary of 3 March 1707/8. Jehun Jaihûn See Fryer, II, 189 and n. 1. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 44 and 49 ※ SOURCE for Jeyhun « Well before noon we reached the caravanserai of Jeyḥūn,(24) which was somewhat larger and of the same style as the rest; it was very hot there. Refreshment for that day was brought in from the closest villages and dawārs. fn. 24 See Speelman, Journaal der Reis, n.p. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 298 ※ SOURCE for Jihun « KM 049 S. Gehun (De Silva Figueroa), S. Dgei Hhou (Thévenot), Jihun (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 « Jihun » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} « The valley here presents a greener aspect, owing to the frequency of kanar trees, and thickets of prickly bush and furze. At 8 miles 7 furlongs, after crossing the dry sandy bed of a water-course, we pass the caravanserai and two cisterns of Jihun. The former contains four lower rooms. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 30 « Persian text omitted. [Jihun. They move from Barke Nu to Jihun, the distance is three farsakhs and the road is smooth. They will reach some unreadable words that are formed by floodwaters and are coded by rainwater in winter. In Jihun there is a caravanserai, two ponds and a well.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 580 ※ SOURCE for S. Dgei Hhou « KM 049 S. Gehun (De Silva Figueroa), S. Dgei Hhou (Thévenot), Jihun (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for S. Gehun « KM 049 S. Gehun (De Silva Figueroa), S. Dgei Hhou (Thévenot), Jihun (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Sera Sehoen « Van hier geraekten naarmiddagh ten vier uuren weder voorts ende naar drie mijlen rijdens lieten 't cleene dorpje ende de daaraan gelegen Sera Sehoen (2) aan de regterzijde leggen [From here we drove to four o'clock in the afternoon and again to three miles' drive, leaving the small village and the adjacent Sera Sehoen (2) on the right side] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 41 karvansaraye kharangh ordan : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.34492 long 54.667974 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: karvansaraye kharangh ordkan کاروانسرای خرانق اردکان VARIANT names: karvansaraye kharangh ordan , Karvansara-ye Lekab : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 34.6496 long 52.3808 NIMA/GNS names: Alku , Karvansara-ye Lekab , Karvansara-ye Lekow , الکو , كاروانسرای لکاب , كاروانسرایلكو , VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye Lekab , Siocooh , ※ SOURCE for Siocooh « This daye we cam to Siocooh [Siyahküh], a very fayre caravanserow, wher we picht, haueing traveled 8 leauges, and som part of the waye was ouer y salt desart. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 46 Karvansaray-e Mir Hamza : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.62337 long 52.551872 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karvansaray-e Mir Hamza , ※ SOURCE for Karvansaray-e Mir Hamza « the Karvansaray-e Mir Hamza outside the Isfahan Gate » #3003 John R. Perry, Karim Khan Zand A History of Iran, 1747-1779, University of Chicago Press, Chicago:London, 2015 ~ p. 276 Karvansara-ye Nimeh Duk : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 10398679 coordinate: lat 27.0141 long 53.8835 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Nimeh Duk , کاروانسرای نیمه دوک , VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye Nimeh Duk , karvansaraye rabat sefid : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 35.781795 long 59.386862 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: karvansaraye rabat sefid , karvansaraye sangi rizab : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.494048 long 55.043557 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Rizab Stone Caravanserai کاروانسرای سنگی ریزآب VARIANT names: karvansaraye sangi rizab , Rizab caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Rizab caravanserai « After watering our horses at the spring, we went on across the same barren country. At 29 miles from Homin ee reached a caravanserai in the desert named Rizab, where there was a very small spring of brackish water. Near this place was a deserted village, which had been destroyed many years before by Biluchi marauders from Seistan. This is the furthest point to which I have heard of Biluchi raids extending, and considering the great distance from Seistan it is wonderful that their raids should extend so far. » #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.), 3:9:513-46 ~ p. 516 Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 10811053 coordinate: lat 34.79683 long 50.426112 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbas , کاروانسرای شاه عباس , VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbas , Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , کاروانسرای شاه عباسی , VARIANT names: Anushirvan Caravanserai , Karavanserail Anushirvan , Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , Mahmoot-Alli-Beig's Caravan-sarai , ※ SOURCE for Anushirvan Caravanserai « At 9 miles the fine caravansarai of 'Ain Shirvan is reached. A quarter of a mile to the E. is a small hamlet of 40 houses called Aminabad, » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 234 ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Anushirvan « Karavanserail Anushirvan (Aminabad am Rundplatz, in den nördlichen Außenbezirken von Esfahan) (Abb. 12)Lage: Als stadtnahes Karavanserail sowohl am Weg nach Golpayegan als auch zum Karavanserail Gaz (Gez) an dem Weg nach Delidjan - Saveh - Qazvin, als auch über Gaz nach Natanz und über den sogenannten safavidischen Königsweg an das Kaspische Meer gelegen, in +1520 m ü.N.N.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit 4 Iwanen und Portalbau. Weitere Einzelheiten sind unbekannt, da das Objekt nicht be-tretbar ist.Abmessungen: nicht bekannt.Baumaterial: Gebrannte Ziegel.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Das Gebäude befindet sich in gutem Erhaltungszustand.Inschriften: nicht bekannt.Datierung: Wahrscheinlich in qadjarischer Zeit, im 19. Jahrhundert, erbaut. [Anushirvan Caravanserai (Aminabad at the Circular Square, in the northern outskirts of Isfahan) (Fig. 12)Location: A caravanserai close to the city, it is located on the way to Golpayegan and the Gaz (Gez) caravanserai on the road to Delidjan-Saveh-Qazvin, as well as via Gaz to Natanz and the so-called Safavid Royal Route to the Caspian Sea, at an altitude of +1520 m above sea level.Type: Court caravanserai with four iwans and a portal structure. Further details are unknown, as the building is not accessible.Dimensions: Not known.Building material: Fired bricks.Structural features and condition: The building is in good condition.Inscriptions: Not known.Dating: Probably built in the Qajar period, in the 19th century.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 42 ※ SOURCE for Mahmoot-Alli-Beig's Caravan-sarai « I came out in company with Mr. Dowglasse, my Cousin Nathanael Letter, and my Nephew Robert Hedges. Mr. Daniel Edwards (then Chief for yº Honble. Comp affaires in Persia) and Mr. Henry Lawrence (another of ye said Comp. Servants) favored us with their good company to Mahmoot-Alli-Beig's Caravan-sarai, about 2 hours' riding from Julfa. Divers French Protestants (Servants to ye King of Persia) obliged us likewise to [? let them] come with us to this place, viz., Monser. Sein, M. Letuall, M. Varein, M. Jurt, M. Pere Grange, M. de Fino, M. Teudor, and one Frenchman more, whose name I cannot call to mind » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 213 Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) Supplement: NIMA/GNS data incorrect. visual in google earth gives lat 33.957355° long 49.991747° NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara , Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , Qal`eh-ye Shah `Abbasi , قلعۀ شاه عباسی , كاروانسرای شاه عباسی , کاروانسرا , VARIANT names: Bog ? , Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , karvansaraye shah ebasi arak , ※ SOURCE for Bog ? « December 25. We rose from Mecliana and lay at Bog: 6 houres. A good large Caravansarai, and y best water I have drank in Persia. » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 214 ※ SOURCE for karvansaraye shah ebasi arak Shah Abbasi Caravanserai of Arak کاروانسرای شاه عباسی اراک Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , کاروانسرای شاه عباسی , VARIANT names: Bajgah caravansarai , Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , ※ SOURCE for Bajgah caravansarai « Beyond this it passes over several ranges of rounded stony hills, through which the gradients are easy, and the track broad and stony, and crossing an uncultivated valley, reaches the Bajgah caravansarai at 11 miles, a masonry building, with a tank supplied with good running water. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 191 Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 10399823 coordinate: lat 28.3157 long 53.5527 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , کاروانسرای شاه عباسی , VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi , Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 10948959 coordinate: lat 27.470349 long 54.974115 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , کاروانسرای شاه عباسی , VARIANT names: Aga-Djehmal , Agha Jamal , Borka Aga Sjouwmaat , Hajamak , Hajamal sarai , Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi , ※ SOURCE for Aga-Djehmal « Une route caillouteuse nous amène au pied d'une petite colline; au revers est bâti le caravansérail d'Aga-Djehmal, dont les murs commencent à s'écroulér. [A stony road takes us to the foot of a small hill; on the reverse side is built the caravanserai of Aga-Djehmal, whose walls are beginning to collapse.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 428 ※ SOURCE for Agha Jamal « Persian text omitted. [They leave Sartang and go to Agha Jamal, the distance is three farsakhs. The road is smooth. They go half a farsakh from the slope of the mountain on the right side. After both sides of the mountain road, there is an illegible word at a long distance. In Agha Jamal, there is a caravanserai and a pond, and there is no settlement. You have to cross two rivers on the way.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 581 ※ SOURCE for Borka Aga Sjouwmaat Den 6. dito na 4 mylen ruim rydens, in 't dorp Goermoet, en na nog een myl, 's middags in de Karrawaanſera Borka Aga Sjouwmaat. [On the 6th, after 4 miles, in the village of Goermoet, and after another mile, in the afternoon in the Karrawaanſera Borka Aga Sjouwmaat.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Hajamak «088 (km) | Sarai (Thévenot) | Hajamak (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Hajamal sarai « The stream Hajamal, on the west side of the ravine, runs between steep gravel banks to southward, and is here 30 yards in breadth. At 4½ miles we cross the Hajamal, banks shelving at point of crossing; the bed, which is very stony, and about 120 yards broad, contains only salt water in pools. The nearer or northern banks are lined with tamarisk bush. The stream then runs on the east side, and out of sight of the road, between high cliff-like banks. Five hundred yards after crossing the stream, we pass a large cistern, full of good water, and a caravanserai containing 24 lower rooms. Having left this caravanserai, which is called "Hajamal," the road, still passing through the ravine, is very stony, and goes, up and down, between low gravelly hills. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 28 « Hajamal » in {map#1241 in #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ fig. 'Skecth Map to Illustrate Report of Mr. Butcher's Survey from Bushire to Bandar-Abbas During 1888} « The road now traverses a series of ravines, with high banks, which are constantly crossed and recrossed. At 11 ¼ miles the large caravansarai of Hajamal is passed. Water from a cistern. Grazing fair. Fuel from scrub. Supplies nil. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 168 Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: HLT UFI: 13845079 coordinate: lat 28.041387 long 54.177744 Supplement: this place name appears in the NIMA/GNS data set but does not appear to be a caravanserai when viewed in google earth and I cannot find any references to prop it up. it appears to be some distance from any route. NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , کاروانسرای شاه عباسی , VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi , Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi (Chah Talkh) : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 10399854 coordinate: lat 28.3548 long 53.6743 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , کاروانسرای شاه عباسی , VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi (Chah Talkh) , Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi (Dehidombe) : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 10399782 coordinate: lat 28.168051 long 53.96192 Supplement: GNS data 28.1705, 53.9624,Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi,RHSE, coordinates corrected by 275m heading 190° VARIANT names: caravanserai being built (Rebelo) , Deadumbae , Dedomba , Dedomba , Dedombe , Dehdombeh , Deh-e dombeh (Dehidombe) , Dehidombe , Dehidounbah , Detadombé , Dom-banje , dorp Dedombaj , dorp Dedombaj , Karawanserei Dombä , Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi (Dehidombe) , Teduba , ※ SOURCE for caravanserai being built (Rebelo) « Ayant repris la route le lendemain, nous nous trouvâmes à l'heure du repas en un lieu où l'on construisait un somptueux caravansérail, sur l'ordre d'un certain Cambarabeque, Gouverneur de Lara. Nous pûmes y acheter les meilleures pastèques ou melons d'eau que j'ai jamais vues, tant pour leur taille que pour leur qualité et leur goût très sucré, si bien que j'eus l'idée d'en conserver les pépins pour les semer au Portugal. [Having returned to the road the next day, we found ourselves at mealtime in a place where a sumptuous caravanserai was being built, on the orders of a certain Cambarabeque, Governor of Lara. There we were able to buy the best watermelons or watermelons I have ever seen, both for their size and for their quality and their very sweet taste, so much so that I had the idea of ??saving the seeds for sow in Portugal.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 111 ※ SOURCE for Deadumbae « Coming down from the mountain on the 13th, we entered a beautiful plain. We stopped to eat in a caravanserai that is called Deadumbae, like the town. Then, always in a plain, we continued the trip until the 8th hour of the night. We took shelter in a caravanserai called Mauser, where the jurisdiction of Shiraz begins.(22) fn. 22. I have not been able to identify the presentday name of Bembo's "Deadumbae." "Mauser" may be Mansurabad. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 295 ※ SOURCE for Dedomba « Weynigh voorbij 't dorpken Dedomba (1), dat niet boven 14 à 15 huysen heeft fn. 1 Thévenot schrijft het, waarschijnlijk juister, Deh-i-Dombé. Taver- nier maakt melding van het kasteeltje, dat de Bruyn, die het dorp Dorn-banje noemt, beschrijft (zie noot 2, blz. 60). [Weynigh past the village of Dedomba (1), which has no more than 14 to 15 houses fn. 1 Thévenot writes, probably more correctly, Deh-i-Dombé. Tavernier mentions the castle that De Bruyn, who calls the village Dorn-banje, describes (see note 2, page 60).] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 61 « Le 3 mars, je fis six licues, les trois premières par une route pierreuse, qui aboutit à un vil- lage nommé Dédomba, où il y a un grand cara- vanserai, et de l'ean courante; [On March 3, I made six trips, the first three by a stony road, which led to a village called Dédomba, where there is a large caravanserai, and running water;] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 470 ※ SOURCE for Dedomba « Fatte 25. miglia in 9.ore per terreno piano, giugnemmo il Mercordi 29. nel Caſale di Benarù. Eravamo pafſſati cinque miglia prima per lo Karvanſerà di Dedomba, vicino un picciolo Caſale; però non vi reſtammo, per non eſſere Manzil, [Having traveled 25 miles in 9 hours over flat terrain, we arrived on Mercordi 29 in the Caſale di Benarù. We were fed up five miles earlier for the Karvanſerà of Dedomba, near a small Caſale; but we did not stay there, so as not to be Manzil,] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 270 ※ SOURCE for Dedombe « Den 23. dito verreisde zyn Ed: ten z uuren 's nachts, en quam met den dag in Dedombe, alwaar zyn Ed: door den Borgemeester, onder 't loffen der ſnaphaanen verwelkomt, ruim een vierendeel myls van te voren, eer hy nog ontrent de Karrawaanſera quam, ingehaald, en tot aan de zelve geleid wierd. [On the 23rd of the same day his Lordship set out at night, and arrived in the daytime at Dedombe, where his Lordship, welcomed by the Mayor, amid the praises of the snipers, was overtaken a good quarter of a mile before he had come near the Karrawaanzera, and led to it.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273 « Den 27. dito, na 4 uuren rydens, in 't dorp Dedombe. [On the 27th, after a 4-hour drive, we arrived in the village of Dedombe.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Dehdombeh « Dehdombeh » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 14 Karawanenwege zwischen Djahrom und Lar und Khondj und Lar sowie südlich und östlich von Lar} ※ SOURCE for Deh-e dombeh (Dehidombe) « After a quarter farsakh one came to a small caravanserai close to the village of Deh-e dombeh (Dehidombe), which in 1651 only had 15 houses. Chardin recorded that it had alarge caravanserai with running water. It was a poor, but a reasonable building which wascalled caravanserai Deh-e Dombeh, while a ruined castle was nearby in the mountains.(99) fn. 99. Kaempfer 1968, p. 116 (Domba); Valentijn 1726, vol. 5, p. 264 (caravanserai Teduba;Dedombe); Speelman 1908, p. 61 (Dedomba); Tavernier 1930, p. 316 (Detadombe); Winninx, 16July (Dedombaj); Chardin 1811, vol. 8, p. 470 (Dedomba); LeBrun 1718, vol. 2, p. 315 (Dombanja, ahamlet with a ruined caravanserai). » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 274 ※ SOURCE for Dehidombe « we made no ftop there, becauſe we found no body to fell us Provifions either for Men or Beasts: fo we continued our march in the ftony Plain, till about an hour after, having found a little Brook on our Left Hand, we entered about Noon into a great ſmooth Plain, where we fuffered much hear: we Travelled on South-Eastward, until about two of the Clock that we found a little Kervanferay, cloſe by a Village called Dehidombe, (that is to ſay) the Village of the tail, whore there are ſome Palms and Tamarisk-Trees. They drink no water there, but out of a Ciftern near the Kervanferay, which is three or four Fathom in Diametre, and covered by a Dome with fix Doors, this place is three long Agatfch from Momzir, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 129 ※ SOURCE for Dehidounbah « Dehidounbah » in {map#1255 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / dressée par P. Lapie... ; gravée par Blondeau..., , 1810, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE C-10435} « Dehidounbah » in {map#1253 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / Dressée par P. Lapie, ... pour les Voyages de Chardin ; Gravée par Blondeau, ..., , 1810, } ※ SOURCE for Detadombé « mais comme on n'y trouve point de vivres, on pousse jusqu'à Detadombé, bon village situé dans une plaine. Un quart de lieue au-deçà on découvre sur un haut rocher les ruines d'un vieux château, et autour du village il y a grand nombre de palmiers. Ce carvansera est bon et est accompagné d'une assez bonne citerne. [but as we found no food there, we pushed on to Detadombé, a good village located on a plain. A quarter of a league beyond we discover on a high rock the ruins of an old castle, and around the village there are a large number of palm trees. This carvansera is good and comes with a pretty good tank.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 316 ※ SOURCE for Dom-banje « Nous continuames notre route à minuit,arrivames au matin, à Dom-banje où nous nous difperfa mes en plufieurs maifons, le Caravanferai du village étant tombé en villag ruines. J'allai voir à une demi lieuc delà à l'oueft, une montagne féparée des autres, fur laquelle il y avoit eu autrefois une fortereffe. [We continued our journey at midnight, and arrived in the morning at Dom-banje where we dispersed into several houses, the village caravan having fallen into ruins. I went to see half a league beyond to the west, a mountain separated from the others, on which there had formerly been a fortress. ] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 315 ※ SOURCE for dorp Dedombaj « 16 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 ※ SOURCE for dorp Dedombaj « 16 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 ※ SOURCE for Karawanserei Dombä « den 15. Dez. Vom Tsjai Talg bis Manjir 3 Farsach, von Manjir bis Karawanserei und Deb Domba 4 Farsach, Summa 7 Farsach. ... Wir gehen jetzt von dem kleinen Fort Qal ä Tesörg zum Dorf und Karawanserei Dombä S + O 1/4 Farsach. Ist eine ziemlich arme, redliche Karawanserei. Sie hat auf 4 Seiten Kammern von Felssteinen. Dahinter fließt ein kleiner Bach mit vielen kleinen Fischen bis ins Dorf, wo er nach Bewässerung einiger Baum- und Palmengärten in den Äckern hinter dem Dorfe sich verliert. [December 15th. From Tsjai Talg to Manjir 3 Farsach, from Manjir to Caravanserai and Deb Domba 4 Farsach, Summa 7 Farsach. ... We now go from the small fort Qal ä Tesörg to the village and caravanserai Dombä S + O 1/4 Farsach. It's a pretty poor, honest caravanserai. It has rock chambers on 4 sides. Behind it, a small stream with many small fish flows into the village, where, after watering some tree and palm gardens, it disappears into the fields behind the village.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 116 ※ SOURCE for Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi (Dehidombe) « until about two of the Clock that we found a little Kervanʃeray, cloſe by a Village called Dehidombe, (that is to ſay) the Village of the tail, whore there are ſome Palms and Tamarisk-Trees. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 129 ※ SOURCE for Teduba « Den 16. dito 's morgens ten 2 uuren zaten wy weder op, hadden een goeden weg, reeden voorby een Karrawanfera Teduba genaamd [On the 16th morning at 2 o'clock we got up again, had a good road, drove past a Karrawanfera called Teduba] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 264 Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi (Mokhak) : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 10391617 coordinate: lat 28.7265 long 53.461 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , کاروانسرای شاه عباسی , VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi (Mokhak) , Mokha , Mukhak , ※ SOURCE for Mokha « Persian text omitted. the road is located on the mountain slope on the right side. In Mokha , there is a caravanserai, four ponds, a tower, ten people and a running spring. » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 584 ※ SOURCE for Mukhak « At 16 miles the large caravansarai of Mukhak is reached. Water. Two cisterns and a small spring. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 178 Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi (Tajt Sang) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 10069580 coordinate: lat 28.7326 long 53.6082 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , کاروانسرای شاه عباسی , VARIANT names: caravansérail (Tajt Sang) , Chedrobe caravanserai , Karvansara-ye Shah Abbasi (Tajt Sang) , ※ SOURCE for caravansérail (Tajt Sang) « Sur ce chemin, qui passe par Takti-Sang, est un caravansérail, près duquel sont des tours où les paysans se mettent pour veiller, pendant la nuit, à leurs récoltes dans le temps de la moisson. [On this road, which passes through Takti-Sang, is a caravanserai, near which are towers where the peasants stand to watch over their crops at night during harvest time.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 456 ※ SOURCE for Chedrobe caravanserai « The Chedrobe caravanserai is one of the most important monuments of the Safari period, located south of the Chedrobe village. Despite its importance, this monument has not yet been included in the national heritage list. The Chedrobe caravanserai is 33 meters long and 30 meters wide and is built of rubble stone and plaster mortar. The caravanserai has 23 rooms measuring 33 meters with arched arches. On the south side of the base, there is a staircase 1.60 meters wide that led to the roof. On the north side and opposite this staircase, there is a room 1.60 meters wide and five meters long with an arched arch, which was probably a guard room. The rooms have decorative carvings. The entrance hall is 8.5 meters long, with two rooms 3 x 4.5 meters on the right and left of it. Unlike other rooms whose doors open onto the courtyard, the doors of the rooms open onto this entrance hall. The courtyard of the caravanserai is 18 x 18 meters and in front of each room there is a two-meter platform that is half a meter higher than the courtyard level. On both sides of the entrance hall there is a 5.5-meter-long, 70-centimeter-wide courtyard. On the northwest and southwest sides of the building there are two rooms measuring 83.5 meters, which are larger than the other rooms, considering the structure and plan. » #3365 Majid Mansouri, Archaeological Survey of the Kordian District, Jahrom, Fars, Iran (In Persian), Payam Baratshenas Magazine, 2015 yr.12:issue 23: ~ p.88 karvansaraye sheharno : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.401208 long 54.892993 Supplement: Shahr-e-Nav Caravanserai کاروانسرای شهرنو VARIANT names: karvansaraye sheharno , karvansaraye tarikhi ab tahar nparang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.153813 long 54.410797 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Historical caravanserai of Ab Tahr Harang کاروانسرای تاریخی آب تهر هرنگ VARIANT names: karvansaraye tarikhi ab tahar nparang , Karvansara-ye Tarikhi-ye Sen Sen : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 34.248768 long 51.280281 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Tarikhi-ye Sen Sen , کاروانسرای تاریخی سن سن , VARIANT names: Karavanserail Sensen/Sen Sen (Sinsin) , Karvansara-ye Tarikhi-ye Sen Sen , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Sensen/Sen Sen (Sinsin) « Karavanserail Sensen/Sen Sen (Sinsin) (Taf. 16,3; 17,1.2) (Abb. 12; 131) (84)Lage: Umbaut von modernem Dorf, 25 km südöstlich von Dehnar und 28 km nördlich Nasrabad, in +900 m ü.N.N., an der Route Qom – Kashan.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, vier Stall-Abtei-lungen, ohne Türme und vorgezogenen Portalbau.fn. 84 Sensen wurde am 6. 3. 1980 vermessen. [Aiser-Islamic, with a horseshoe of normal size for horses (Fig. 130).Sen/Sen Sen (Sinsin) Caravanserai (Plates 16.3; 17.1.2) (Fig. 12; 131) (84)Location: Rebuilt from a modern village, 25 km southeast of Dehnar and 28 km north of Nasrabad, at +900 m above sea level, on the Qom-Kashan route.Type: Court caravanserai with four iwans, four stable sections, without towers and a projecting portal structure.fn. 84 Sensen was surveyed on March 6, 1980.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 69 Karvansaray-ye `Abbasi : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 36.53435 long 59.170978 NIMA/GNS names: Howz-e Hazrati , Karvansaray-ye `Abbasi , حوض حضرتی , کاروانسرای عباسی , VARIANT names: Karvansaray-ye `Abbasi , Karvansaray-ye Shah `Abbas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLT UFI: 13699238 coordinate: lat 35.011022 long 58.776346 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansaray-ye Shah `Abbas , کاروانسرای شاه عباس , VARIANT names: Karvansaray-ye Shah `Abbas , karvanseraye nezam oddoleh : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 36.027613 long 59.50525 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Nizam al-Dawla Caravanserai کاروانسرای نظام الدوله VARIANT names: karvanseraye nezam oddoleh , Karwan Saray : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.284988 long 62.467091 Supplement: CHECK NIMA/GNS names: Karavansaray , Karwan Saray , Karwansaray , كاروانسرای , کاروان سرای , VARIANT names: Karwan Saray , Karyan : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.148611 long 53.546389 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karyan , ※ SOURCE for Karyan « Karyan » online reference link [accessed 20 Nov 2024] Karzin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069936 coordinate: lat 28.4325 long 53.124722 NIMA/GNS names: Karzin , VARIANT names: Karzi , Karzin , ※ SOURCE for Karzi « Karzi 20 Farsangs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 vol. 2 p. 491 « Karzi, village à 10 fars, N. O. de Djaroûn [Karzi, village 10 fars, N. W. of Djaroûn] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Karzin « Kārzin, Qir and Abzar(1). Kārzin is a medium-sized town: and Qir is a small town, as likewise is Abzar. All three are of the hot region, and there are abundant palm-trees here. The water is from the Zakan river; and in Kārzin is a strong castle, to which water is drawn up from the Zakan. fn. 1 All three famous in the times of the Arab geographers. Kārzin is now merely a village, Qir is a township, and Abzar town was probably at Nim Dih, the capital of the Afzar District, half a league east of Ab-i-Garm. » #3133 trans. G. Le Strange, The Geographical Part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub¯ Composed by Hamd-Allāh Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 117 Karzin : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMX UFI: 45609 coordinate: lat 28.3964 long 53.1821 NIMA/GNS names: Karzin , Rudkhaneh-ye Karzin , رودخانه کارزین , VARIANT names: Karzin , Kashan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLA2 UFI: 10325556 coordinate: lat 33.997284 long 51.441575 NIMA/GNS names: Kachan , Kashan , كاشان , VARIANT names: Caixao , Cassian , Kashan , ※ SOURCE for Caixao « CAIXÃO, cidade de-Kashan, em 33' 59' lat. N. e 51° 30' long. E., capital da província persa do mesmo nome. [Fernão Lopes de Castanheda - História do des- cobrimento e conquista da India pelos Portugueses]. [CAIXÃO, city of Kashan, in 33' 59' N. lat. and 51° 30' E. long., capital of the Persian province of the same name. [Fernão Lopes de Castanheda - History of the discovery and conquest of India by the Portuguese].] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. A-C p. 145 ※ SOURCE for Cassian « The 20th daye at night we came to the fayre citie of Cassian (Kashan), lying in the cuntrey of Parthia. On the waye between this citie and the foresayde citie of Comes the cuntrey of the Par-thiance and the Medians are parted. Here we piched in a caravansero that Shaw Abbas built, the fayerest that ever I saw it is big innaw to lodge any king of Chrissendom was all his trayne-hauing traveled 7 lges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 66 ※ SOURCE for Kashan « I journeyed to Kashan (25), where I stayed for a month, fn. 25 Kashan, Nain, Sirjan and Tarum, Iranian towns. » #623 Nikitin, Athanasy, Khozhenie za tri moria Afanasiia Nikitina, 1466-1472 gg. (Afansy Nikitin's Voyage beyond the Three Seas, 1466-1472), Moskva, 1960, ~ p. 109 « Passing the post-house of Mohamedye and Gaz, Kashan came in sight over an undulation in the sand, and we were soon threading the narrow lanes of this, one of the largest business places of Persia. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 295 Kashan bazaar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.982359 long 51.446294 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kashan bazaar , Kashar-e Pa'in : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069967 coordinate: lat 27.2337 long 55.9076 NIMA/GNS names: Kashar Sofla , Kashar-e Pa'in , Kashar-e Zir , Keshar-e Pa'in , Tabestan Neshin , تابِستان نِشين , كشار پائين , كشر سفل , VARIANT names: Kashar-e Pa'in , NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 39.483 long 76.033 VARIANT names: Kashgar , ※ SOURCE for Kashgar owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Kashgar, 76.033, 39.483, CN, nkn, exact, 77, tmcIRa0100_058a » Stein 1st Central Asian Expedition Kashku'iyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 98337 coordinate: lat 28.6106 long 55.8147 NIMA/GNS names: Kashku'iyeh , كشكوئيه , VARIANT names: Gishkuh , Kashku'iyeh , ※ SOURCE for Gishkuh « 2nd April, Tents at Naukan, 10 farsakhs ; 6.30 a.m. to 7 p.m. Before sunrise we were marching over the moors. We had the end of a range of hills on our left, and an isolated hill on our right, behind which lay the village of Gishkuh, the last village of the Shiraz province in this direction. Gishkuh, they said, was deserted; » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 172 « At 27 miles quitting this road, we reached at the 28th mile the fort Gishkuh. This proved to be a most miserable place, consisting of a few ruinous hovels, and we were even refused admittance; the people were sulky and uncivil, and on our pressing for quarters, I observed one of the guards coolly priming his matchlock. We continued, however, our negotiation, but finding there was no provender for our horses to be procured there, we were forced to retrace our steps to Aliabad, where its owner Kerbelaé Dad Ollah received us kindly but roughly, providing all we required, and giving us a berth in his tower. This place he had only recently built, to remove to from Gishkuh, in consequence of his father having been murdered there by the order of Ali Naghi, Khan of Lar, in order to gain possession of his property, which object he effected. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 61 Kashmar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069992 coordinate: lat 35.23831 long 58.465575 NIMA/GNS names: Kashmar , Khashmar , Soultanabad , Torshiz , Turshiz , کاشمر , VARIANT names: Kashmar , Kasiltara Shun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3196461 coordinate: lat 28.416667 long 55.266667 NIMA/GNS names: Kasiltara Shun , Qezel Tarashun , قزل تراشون , VARIANT names: Kasiltara Shun , ※ SOURCE for Kasiltara Shun « until at 12 miles it crosses their summit on a ridge 400 yards wide; elevation about 4,320 feet; it then descends into a valley towards a tower, and after crossing a dry nullah reaches a clump of date trees and an encampment called Kasiltera Shun at 12 miles. Time, 4 hours 45 minutes. Road over mountains very bad and even dangerous for baggage animals; » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 17 Kasireh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080413 coordinate: lat 29.1556 long 52.8342 NIMA/GNS names: Kasireh , Qasr-e Seyyedha , Qasreh , Qoseyra , Qosira , قصیرا , VARIANT names: Kasera , Kasireh , ※ SOURCE for Kasera « Kasera » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Kasr Umm al Sahal : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: RF UFI: -3100457 coordinate: lat 28.2416667 long 48.6733333 NIMA/GNS names: Kasr Umm al Sahal , Kassar Umm as Sahal , Qasar Umm as Sahal , Qasr Umm as Sahal , VARIANT names: Kasr Umm al Sahal , Umm-as-Sihal , ※ SOURCE for Umm-as-Sihal « 12 | Umm-as-Sihal | ام السحال | At sea, about 5 miles -north-east of Hadd al-Misha'ab. | This bank and those following it to No. 24 inclusive are said to form an irregular chain reaching from the neighbourhood of Hadd-al-Misha'ab to a point at rea about 60 miles east of that cape." Banks Nos. 12 to 24 are given roughly in the order in which they occur from west to east. » #2934 Lorimer, John Gordon, 'Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf. Vol I. Historical. Part II. J G Lorimer. 1915', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C91/2, in Qatar Digital Library, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ p. 153 Kassettu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.454591 long 53.412157 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kasah Tul Pass , Kassettu , ※ SOURCE for Kasah Tul Pass « Kasah Tul Pass » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fasa H-39X 1948} ※ SOURCE for Kassettu « The descent led us through a broad valley, which finally terminated in a country of low hills and valleys. The 10 mile brought us to another pass, called Kassettú, which led us by a descent into the district of Kazin. More fossils are observed in this district. One mile further brought us to a second descent, over very rough ground, and we entered a narrow rough valley over the worst piece of road I have ever encountered; our horses, though led, were scarcely able to maintain their footing, and plunged violently. I observed at this part a curious formation of fossilized organic rock, seemingly composed of a bed of polipi, in thickness rather less than the little. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 166 Kateh Gonbad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070042 coordinate: lat 29.2697 long 53.1431 NIMA/GNS names: Kateh Gonbad , کته گنبد , VARIANT names: Katah Gumbaz , Kateh Gonbad , Ketta Gumbez , ※ SOURCE for Katah Gumbaz « 4-25 P.M. Katah Gumbáz, a village of certain pretentions, was reached. Here also was good water. After leaving this village came into country which was well cultivated, chiefly with tobacco; a small canal of running water ran close beside the road the whole way to Sarvistán, where we arrived at 5-45 P.M. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 3 ※ SOURCE for Ketta Gumbez « we proceeded in a direction generally a little s. of E., imlne(liately passing Kennu, a village to our right, thence to Ketta Gumbez, another village; » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 152 Kateh Posht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3841013 coordinate: lat 36.437347 long 52.389388 NIMA/GNS names: Kateh Posht , Kateh Posht-e `Olya , كته پشت , كته پشت عليا , VARIANT names: Katabusht , Kateh Posht , ※ SOURCE for Katabusht « Just as dark was closing in we came, after over twelve hours of marching, to our destination, the little village of Katabusht ; a group of thatched cottages set down in the midst of a country, which, but for that bank of forest-clad, snow-crowned peaks behind, might well have been England itself » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 334 Kaure fortress : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: Kaure fortress , Kavar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3759655 coordinate: lat 29.205 long 52.6899 NIMA/GNS names: Kaval , Kavar , کوار , VARIANT names: Kavar , Kawäl , Kawan , Kewan , Kievar , Kovar , Kowar , Kuwar , ※ SOURCE for Kavar « 10th March, Kavar, 6 farsakhs ; 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. They unbarred the gates of Deh-i-Nau at six o'clock next morning, and drove their cattle afield poor black cattle ; ... There is a small cluster of villages in the neighbourhood of Kavar, but by far the greater part of the plain it is twenty miles long by twelve broad is uncultivated and desolate. A river in Persia by no means implies irrigation. Most Persian rivers, like the Qara-Agach here, are so deep sunk that the water cannot be brought to the level of the fields. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 pp. 76-80 ※ SOURCE for Kawäl « SO 1 Farsach von der Tange war 1 Farsach vom Wege das Dorf Kawäl. [SO 1 Farsach from the Tange was 1 Farsach from the way the village of Kawäl. ] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 111 ※ SOURCE for Kawan « “Il nous reste à indiquer les distances respectives des villes dans le Fars. Ainsi de Chiraz à Kawan (---) (ou Kewan (---)) ? joli village où se trouve une mine de laquelle on extrait une sorte de terre de couleur verte comme de l'herbe, et même d'un vert plus foncé (cette terre est comestible et d'une saveur très-agréable), on compte 30 milles.” “It remains for us to indicate the respective distances of the cities in Fars. Thus from Shiraz to Kawan (---) (or Kewan (---)) ? pretty village where there is a mine from which a kind of earth green in color like grass, and even green darker (this earth is edible and has a very pleasant flavor), we count 30 miles.” » #3001 Al-Idrisi, P. Amedee Jaubert, Geographie d'Edrisi, Bertrand, Paris, 1836 ~ vol. 1 p. 405 ※ SOURCE for Kewan « From Nadjed to Kewan کوان town located halfway from Nadjed to the village of lanemdjan الينجان? 6 miles; » #3001 Al-Idrisi, P. Amedee Jaubert, Geographie d'Edrisi, Bertrand, Paris, 1836 ~ vol. 1 pp. 400-401 ※ SOURCE for Kievar « Kievar 8 Farsangs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Kovar Kovar - Attestation: Kovar is named in the Mādigān i Hezār Dādistān (MHD A19.13-15; A20.2) as a town in Ardashir Khurrah, close to Khabr (see also entry under Khir or Khabr) (86). - Identification: The village of Kavar is located about 30 km north of Firuzabad fn. 86 Perikhanian, 1997: 282-3 ※ SOURCE for Kowar « Kowar in route Lingah to Shiraz» #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 344 ※ SOURCE for Kuwar « Kuwar VI C4, Kavar Iran, Etape sur la route de Širaz à Gür,I 106, 120, 128, 134, Η 262, 267, 275, 282, 286, 298, 302, Hur 44, Muq 451, LS 253, Schw 77, 81, DKI 191 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 53 Kavar : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 230243 coordinate: lat 29.074444 long 52.900833 NIMA/GNS names: Kavar , VARIANT names: Cowall , Guvar , Kavar , Kawar , Kowal , Kuvar , ※ SOURCE for Cowall « Cowall » in {map#1231 ‘Sketch of Lieut. Snodgrass’s Route from Bushire to Shiraz, via Feruzabad, A.D. 1810’, , , [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3118, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Guvar « Fars bölgesindeki mesafeler: Siraz-Siraf yoluna gelince, Siraz'dan Kefre köyüne 5 fersah, Kefre'den Nahad köyüne 5 fersah, Nahad'dan Güvar sularinin taksim edildigi yere bir ok atimlik, Nahad'dan Bimcan köyüne 4 fersah, Bimcan'dan Cûr'a 6 fersah, (s. 283) Cûr'dan Dest-i Surab'a 5 fersah, buradan Han-i Azadmerd'e 6 fersahtir. Bu ovanin genisligi 3 fersah kadar olup her yaninda katmerli nergis yetisir. Hân-i Azadmerd'den Girend köyüne 6 fersah, buradan Mey köyüne 6 fersah, buradan Ra'sülakabe' deki Bazergan menziline 6 fersah buradan Cennabe'ye 12 fersahtir. Toplam 44 fersah eder. [The distances in the Fars region: As for the Shiraz-Siraf road, from Shiraz to the village of Kafre is 5 farsakhs, from Kafre to the village of Nahad is 5 farsakhs, from Nahad to the place where the waters of Guvar are divided, from Nahad to the village of Bimjan is 4 farsakhs, from Bimjan to Jur is 6 farsakhs, (p. 283) from Jur to Desht-i Shurab is 5 farsakhs, from here to Khan-i Azadmerd is 6 farsakhs. The width of this plain is 3 farsakhs and daffodils grow on all sides. From Khan-i Azadmerd to the village of Girend is 6 farsakhs, from here to the village of May is 6 farsakhs, from here to the Bazargan stop in Ra'sulaqaba is 6 farsakhs, from here to Jannaba is 12 farsakhs. The total is 44 farsakhs.] » #3174 Ibn Havkal trans. Ramazan Sesen, 10. Asirda Islam Cografyasi (Yeditepe Yayinevi), Yeditepe Yayinlari, 2014 ~ pp. 226-7 ※ SOURCE for Kawar « Eine topographische Ergänzung zu dieser Nachricht gibt Istalhri in folgendem: „Siraz hat dreizehn Distrikte (tassig), in jedem liegen Ortschaften und ununterbrochen aneinander sich schließende Kultur- flächen. Jeder dieser Distrikte wird in den Steuerregistern der Regierungskanzlei besonders geführt. Es sind folgende: Ober-Kefre (2),fn. 2 Kefre liegt nach den Wegoverzeichnissen südlich von Siraz, halbwegs von Kawar, 5 Parasangen von beiden entfernt, und ist die erste Station auf dem Wege von Siraz nach der Hafenstadt Siraf. Nach de Goeje trägt der Ort noch heute den Namen Kafar. Bekri scheint denselben Ort zu meinen unter der Form Habra, eins der Dörfer von Siraz" (302, 10), er gibt aber auch Habar als Ortschaft zwischen Siraz und Kuwar in Persien" (307, 13). Jäkut laut den Gelehrten Fadl ibn Hammad, dem Bekri Habra als Geburtsort zuweist, in Habr geboren werden, einer kleinen Ortschaft nahe Siraz im Lande Persien", denkt also wohl auch nicht an das Habr - Hafr am Sekkän-Fluß (vgl. oben S. 8, Z. 7). [Istalhri gives a topographical addition to this information in the following: "Siraz has thirteen districts (tassig), in each of which there are villages and continuously adjoining cultivated areas. Each of these districts is listed separately in the tax registers of the government office. They are as follows: Upper Kefre (2), fn. 2 According to the road maps, Kefre lies south of Siraz, halfway from Kawar, 5 parasangs from both, and is the first stop on the way from Siraz to the port city of Siraf. According to de Goeje, the place still bears the name Kafar today. Bekri seems to mean the same place under the form Habra, one of the villages of Siraz" (302, 10), but he also gives Habar as a place between Siraz and Kuwar in Persia" (307, 13). According to the scholar Fadl ibn Hammad, to whom Bekri assigns Habra as his birthplace, Jäkut was born in Habr, a small village near Siraz in the land of Persia", and therefore probably does not have Habr - Hafr on the Sekkän River in mind (cf. above p. 8, line 7).] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 44 « There is some doubt as to what becomes of the Kurghach or Kara-agatch river, as it has never been followed down below this point. It is believed to flow SE. towards Jahroom, and is certainly the river crossed on the road from Sheeraz to Ferozabad at Kawar; and it was also crossed by Abbott, » #1795 MacGregor , Charles Metcalfe, Narrative of a Journey through the Province of Khorassan, and on the N. W. Frontier of Afghanistan in 1875, ~ vol. 1 p. 28 ※ SOURCE for Kowal « Kowal » in {map#1233 Route Map Shiraz to Bushire round trip, TAYLOR R L Lieutenant-Colonel, 1858, British Library: IOR X/3125, route map 5} ※ SOURCE for Kuvar « Beyond Kuvar, also on the left bank of the river Sakkân, is the town of Khabr, noted for the tomb of Said, brother of Hasan-al-Basri, the theologian. Mustawfi states that Khabr was larger than Kuvar, and that near by was the famous castle of Tir-i-Khuda, 'God's Arrow,' so called from its inaccessibility, for it stood on a hill-top, so that no human arrow could attain it. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 253 Kavar bridge : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.182141 long 52.696733 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kavar bridge , ※ SOURCE for Kavar bridge « Abb.2. Brücke unterhalb westlich des Shebli-Passes (links), Brücke bei Kavar (rechts), Östliche Rud-e Kul-Brücke (unten)[Fig. 2. Bridge below west of the Shebli Pass (left), Bridge near Kavar (right), Eastern Rud-e Kul Bridge (below)] » #3212 Wolfram Kleiss, Safavidische und qadjarische Brucken in Iran II, AMI N.S. XIX, 313-338., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, Berlin, 1986 Band 19: ~ following p. 314 « 2. Eine in ihrer Datierung unbestimmbare Brücke ist das südlich der Ortschaft Kavar (Abb. 1) gelegene, aus Bruchsteinen errichtete Bauwerk, das die Karawanenstraße von Shiraz über den Oberlauf des Rud-e Mand führte (4). fn. 4 AMI N.F. 5, 1972, 206 f. Taf. 58,1. - Die Brücke wurde am 7. 12. 1984 vermessen. [2. A bridge whose date cannot be determined is the one located south of the village of Kavar (Fig. 1), built from rubble stone, which carried the caravan route from Shiraz over the upper reaches of the Rud-e Mand (4). fn. 4 AMI N.F. 5, 1972, 206 f. Plate 58,1. - The bridge was surveyed on December 7, 1984.] » #3212 Wolfram Kleiss, Safavidische und qadjarische Brucken in Iran II, AMI N.S. XIX, 313-338., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, Berlin, 1986 Band 19: ~ p. 315 « Abb.4. Kavar, Lageskizze der Brücken [Fig. 4. Kavar, location sketch of the bridges] » #3212 Wolfram Kleiss, Safavidische und qadjarische Brucken in Iran II, AMI N.S. XIX, 313-338., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, Berlin, 1986 Band 19: ~ p. 316 Kavar bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: BDGQ independent coordinate: lat 29.182208 long 52.696908 VARIANT names: Kavar bridge , Kowar bridge , Qareh Aghaj Bridge , ※ SOURCE for Kowar bridge « Hence a gentle ascent towards a range of high hills, under which is situate the small ruined caravanserai of Kowár. Ruins of mill on right. Ford rapid torrent from right; a little higher up, there is a bridge over this torrent. There is good encamping ground near the water, and some fine trees about the caravanserai. The nearest village is about three miles off.. … Road undulating from the Kowar bridge to the Tung-i-Kowár. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 736 ※ SOURCE for Qareh Aghaj Bridge Sassanid bridge of Qara-Aghaj « پل ساسانی قره آغاج » Kavar bridge stone pillar : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 29.181954 long 52.6971 VARIANT names: Kavar bridge stone pillar , ※ SOURCE for Kavar bridge stone pillar « östlich neben der Brücke, zwischen ihr und dem Brückenbau der neuen Straße Shiraz - Kavar - Firuzabad, sind die Reste eines steinernen Pfeilers, eines Vorgängerbaus am Flußufer erkennbar (Abb. 4). [To the east of the bridge, between it and the bridge construction of the new road Shiraz - Kavar - Firuzabad, the remains of a stone pillar, a previous building on the river bank, are visible (Fig. 4).] » #3212 Wolfram Kleiss, Safavidische und qadjarische Brucken in Iran II, AMI N.S. XIX, 313-338., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, Berlin, 1986 Band 19: ~ p. 315 Kavellar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3769479 coordinate: lat 31.0947 long 52.2518 NIMA/GNS names: Kavellar , Kavvalar , کولار , VARIANT names: Kavellar , Kazabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3794378 coordinate: lat 33.7196 long 47.0664 NIMA/GNS names: Kazabad , Sar Khalijeh , Sorkheh Lijeh , سر خليجه , سرخه ليجه , سرخه لیجه , كز آباد , کزآباد , VARIANT names: Kazabad , ※ SOURCE for Kazabad « If it were safe to draw a conclusion from the fact that in the Kazabad graves only bronze objects of modest value and artistic merit have been found, we might perhaps be led to conjecture that they belonged to the humble settled and cultivating portion of the population, while the graves rich in fine bronzes were those of chiefs clinging with their tribal followers to the aristocratic ways of nomadic life and preferring seasonal encampments to permanent settlements. But obviously the number of graves excavated is too small to permit of a definite inference of such a distinction to be drawn. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 253 Kazemabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079912 coordinate: lat 36.4302 long 59.4751 NIMA/GNS names: Kazemabad , Qasemabad , Qasimabad , کاظم آباد , VARIANT names: Kazemabad , Kazerun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070132 coordinate: lat 29.619188 long 51.653499 NIMA/GNS names: Kasrun , Kazarun , Kazeroun , Kazerun , كازرون , VARIANT names: Cazerún , Kauzeroon , Kazarun , Kazerun , Kazirun , Kazroûn , Qazran , ※ SOURCE for Cazerún « Having penetrated many difficult passes of the Kutel, whilst the narrow valley of Tang-i-Turkán (persian text) was below us on the right, we came to Deris (persian text), once a very large town; now inhabited only by a few poor people. Among the ruins (chiefly consisting of vaulted rooms and arches), I could remark but two buildings in a perfect state. The cemetery, through which our road lay, indi- cated an ample degree of former population, and was ornamented or guarded by the figure of a lion cut in stone. Five or six miles farther we reached our tents, close to the fine garden of Cazerún (persian text), and about three quarters of a mile from that city. The journey of this day was twenty miles » #2876 William Ouseley, Travels in Various Countries of the East, More Particularly Persia Vol. 1, Rodwell and Martin, London, 1819, ~ vol. 1 pp. 270-1 ※ SOURCE for Kauzeroon « Kauzeroon » in {map#1120 General Map of Persia, James Silk Buckingham, , #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971 ~} « According to Col. Pelly, “Kauzeroon is the principal town and a sort of half-way point between Bushehr and Shirauz.”(8) It was 113 km from Shiraz and 155 km from Bushehr. Coming from Bushehr a traveler went via Borazjan, Daleki, and the Kamarej plain to the entrance of the valley of Shapur, “which was protected by neglected defense works is called Tang-e Chitun.”(9) fn. 8. Pelly 1865 b, p. 146. fn. 9. Johnson 1818, p. 47. » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 67 ※ SOURCE for Kazarun mentioned in Tawwadj EI X:398b ※ SOURCE for Kazerun « Kazerun » in {map#1012 Fig. 2 Map showing major rivers, ground above 500m (sMded in gray) and the location of individual Site Codes., Priestman, Seth M.N, 2005, #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~} p. 46 « According to Ibn Howqal (943-69), Kazerun was well-built and the houses were of stone set in mortar. Istakhri (tenth century) commented that the houses in Kazerun were like those elsewhere in the province of Shapur, viz. they were built of adobe, but stones and gypsum also were used. Because of the size, development, and fertility of the district and the closed nature of the grouping of the houses they usually were very well built. Kazerun also had larger buildings, villas, more fertile soil and better air than Nubendegan. In those respects Kazerun was the healthiest town in Iran.(26) The entire urban area was filled with villas, orchards and palm groves that extend to the left and right. Kazerun was a walled town with a suburb, and it produced many fruits.(27) fn. 26. Schwarz 1993, vol. 1, p. 33. fn. 27. Schwarz 1993, vol. 1, pp. 33-34. » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 70 ※ SOURCE for Kazirun « passes the city of Jirrah [31], which is some miles south-east of Kazirun. » #2866 Guy Le Strange, Mesopotamia and Persia under the Mongols in the Fourteenth Century A.D. from the Nuzhat-al-Kulub of Hamd-Allah Mustawfi, Royal Asiatic Society, 1903, ~ p. 69 « The city of Kâzirûn century when Shapur fell to ruin, became the most important town of the Shapur district. Ibn Hawkal describes it as in his time smaller than Nawbandajân, but well-built, the houses being of stone set in mortar. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 266 ※ SOURCE for Kazroûn « Kâzroûn 7 Farsangs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 492 ※ SOURCE for Qazran « 21st February, Qazrân, 5 farsakhs ; 7 a.m. to 2 p.m.-Our next stage was Qazrân. Going down the middle of the Kamarij plain, we made our exit from it over low hills, … The town is an ancient one, and, like most Persian towns, has seen better days. It may have 8000 inhabitants at present. It suffered severely in the famine of 1879 and 1880. The qanats on which the water supply depends, dried up; many people died, and many more had to leave the place and seek work and food in Bushire or Shiraz. The antiquities of the place are to be found on the green hills behind the town. They consist of some traces of an old fort, and an empty cistern, which supplied the fort with water. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 pp. 36-7 Kazerun : arch. site IRN UTM: 5138, 2937 converted to coordinate: lat 29.6166666666667 long 51.6333333333333 VARIANT names: Kazerun , Kazroun , Qazran , ※ SOURCE for Kazerun « Other variants: none Details: The location of Kazerun is given by USBGN (273). No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 « It did not take me long to make up my mind that in the few hours that were at my disposal justice could not be done to Shahpur. I therefore determined to come back from Kazerun and camp among the ruins for two or three days. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 73 ※ SOURCE for Kazroun « Après avoir passé auprès de plusieurs caravansérails ruinés et de quelques maisons récemment construites, nous voyons un arceau flanqué de deux tours rondes, qui nous a paru avoir formé la porte de la ville de Kâzroûn, autrefois environnée de murailles. Au milieu d'une grande quantité de ruines, de bazars démolis, s'élèvent beaucoup de maisons nou-velles. Cette ville n'a éprouvé aucune révolu-tion; mais depuis Kérim-Khân, elle s'est peu à peu dépeuplée. Les édifices bâtis en terre n'ont pu opposer qu'une faible résistance à la destruction du temps. La population se com-pose de six cents familles, dont vingt-cinq sont juives. La capitation de ces dernières produit chaque année cent tumans au gouver-neur. Il y a quatre chétives mosquées, et deux caravansérails délabrés. Le bazar est pauvre, le commerce nul, et l'industrie ne consiste qu'à fabriquer des toiles imprimées. [After passing several ruined caravanserais and some recently built houses, we see an arch flanked by two round towers, which seemed to us to have formed the gate of the city of Kazrun, formerly surrounded by walls. In the midst of a great quantity of ruins, of demolished bazaars, rise many new houses. This city has not experienced any revolution; but since Kerim Khan, it has gradually become depopulated. The buildings built of earth have been able to oppose only a weak resistance to the destruction of time. The population consists of six hundred families, of which twenty-five are Jewish. The poll tax of the latter produces each year one hundred tumans for the governor. There are four wretched mosques, and two dilapidated caravanserais. The bazaar is poor, trade is non-existent, and industry consists only of making printed canvases.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 pp. 21-22 ※ SOURCE for Qazran « 21st February, Qazran, 5 farsakhs ; 7 a.m. to 2 p.m. Our next stage was Qazran. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 36 Kazerun Fire Temple : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.561365 long 51.737019 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kazarun chahar taq , Kazerun Fire Temple , ※ SOURCE for Kazarun chahar taq « 3) le Chahar Taq de Kāzarūn ¹), découvert en 1936 par M. Siroux, se trouve dans la plaine du même nom, à gauche, à 1 km. de la route, en descendant le Kutal-i Pir-i Zan. A cette époque, le Chahar Taq était encore riche de trois piliers et de deux arcs, aujourd'hui il n'a plus que deux piliers. Comme l'indique le plan que nous en avons dressé, il mesure 8,30 m. de côté à l'extérieur, et 6,30 m. a l'interieur, les muis om une épaisseur de 2,20 m. sur 1 m. Les arcs, dont l'un est intact, avaient une hauteur de 3,80 m. et une ouverture de 3,90 m. Les murs, jusqu'aux trompes d'angle, atteignaient primitivement 4,60 m. De la coupole il ne reste plus rien. Les deux piliers en ruine s'élèvent respectivement à une hauteur de 1,60 m. et 0,80 m. [3) the Chahar Taq of Kāzarūn ¹), discovered in 1936 by M. Siroux, is located in the plain of the same name, on the left, 1 km. from the road, going down the Kutal-i Pir-i Zan. At that time, the Chahar Taq still had three pillars and two arches, today it only has two pillars. As indicated by the plan that we have drawn up, it measures 8.30 m. on the outside, and 6.30 m. on the inside, the walls are 2.20 m. thick by 1 m. The arches, one of which is intact, were 3.80 m high and had an opening of 3.90 m. The walls, up to the corner squinches, originally reached 4.60 m. Nothing remains of the dome. The two ruined pillars rise to a height of 1.60 m and 0.80 m respectively.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 189 ※ SOURCE for Kazerun Fire Temple « puis on traverse un marais et peu après le regard est attiré par une muraille percée de deux baies qui se dresse à environ 1 km de la route. Son aspect ruiné n'a retenu, croyons- nous, l'attention d'aucun voyageur.)Le plan de l'édifice est d'une simplicité extrême. C'est une salle carrée dont chaque face était percée d'un arc ovoïde. Une coupole sur trompillons et pen- dentifs l'abritait (fig. 85). Une pile et deux arcs sont ruinés. [then we cross a marsh and shortly after the eye is drawn to a wall pierced with two bays which stands about 1 km from the road. Its ruined appearance has not, we believe, caught the attention of any traveler.)The plan of the building is extremely simple. It is a square room with each face pierced by an ovoid arch. A dome on trompillons and pendants sheltered it (fig. 85). A pier and two arches are ruined.] » #3408 Maxime Siroux, Petit monument Sāsānide près de Kāzerūn, in: Athar e Iran, Annales du service archeologique de l'Iran. 3, Libraire Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, Paris, 1938, pp.. 135-9 ~ p. 135 Kefent Pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.443017 long 56.622006 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kefent Pass , ※ SOURCE for Kefent Pass « Am Bache entlang, 2 miles bergauf, lag tiefer Schnee, an demselben 1½ miles weiter ein kleines Karawanserai, 9300 Fuss über dem Meere; und ungefähr 6½ miles von Qalah-i Asgher die Passhöhe des Kefent-Passes, 9579 Fuss über dem Meere, be- nannt von Kefen, d. i. Leichentuch; viele Leute sollen hier im Winter vor Kälte umkommen und der Schnee ihr Leichentuch bilden. [Along the stream, 2 miles uphill, there was deep snow, and 1½ miles further on there was a small caravanserai, 9300 feet above sea level; and about 6½ miles from Qalah-i Asgher was the summit of the Kefent Pass, 9579 feet above sea level, named after Kefen, i.e. shroud; many people are said to die of cold here in winter and the snow is their shroud.] » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16:pp. 307-66 ~ p. 336 Kefre : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 29.369744 long 52.633288 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location approximate based on distance from Shiraz VARIANT names: Kafr , Kafra , Kafrah , Kafri , Kefer , Kefre , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Kefre AT Kafri lat 29.369744 long 52.633288 [Hikoichi Yajima], ※ SOURCE for Kafr « Kafrah ou Kafr VI C4, Graphie incertaine, sans doute Kafri, à environ 20 km au Sud de Širaz,Première étape après Širaz sur la route de Gur, I 104, 128, H 282, Muq 455, Schw 73 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 51 ※ SOURCE for Kafra « From Shiraz to Kafra village15 miles. » #3001 Al-Idrisi, P. Amedee Jaubert, Geographie d'Edrisi, Bertrand, Paris, 1836 ~ vol. 1 p. 400 ※ SOURCE for Kafrah « Kafrah ou Kafr VI C4, Graphie incertaine, sans doute Kafri, à environ 20 km au Sud de Širaz,Première étape après Širaz sur la route de Gur, I 104, 128, H 282, Muq 455, Schw 73 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 51 ※ SOURCE for Kafri « Kafrah ou Kafr VI C4, Graphie incertaine, sans doute Kafri, à environ 20 km au Sud de Širaz,Première étape après Širaz sur la route de Gur, I 104, 128, H 282, Muq 455, Schw 73 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 51 ※ SOURCE for Kefer « ; from Shiraz to Kefer five farsang » #3164 Abu-'l-Qāsim Ibn-Ali Ibn-Hauqal trans. William Ouseley, The Oriental Geography of Ebn Haukal, an Arabian Traveller of the Tenth Century, Oriental Press, London, 1800 ~ p. 105 ※ SOURCE for Kefre « If the suggested equation of Ba-a-si-ia with Fasā does not hold, in view of the fact that Shiraz itself appears in our texts (see No. 42) one might consider Kefre, south of Shiraz and halfway to Kawar; in Istakhri's time, "upper" and "lower" Kefre constituted two of the thirteen "districts" accounted to Shiraz (see Schwarz, op. cit., p. 44). » #3176 George G. Cameron, OIP 65. Persepolis Treasury Tablets, The Electronic Publications Initiative of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, Oriental Institute Publications (OIP), 1948 ~ p. 168 « Siraz'dan Kefre köyüne 5 fersah, [From Shiraz to the village of Kefre, 5 farsakhs,] » #3174 Ibn Havkal trans. Ramazan Sesen, 10. Asirda Islam Cografyasi (Yeditepe Yayinevi), Yeditepe Yayinlari, 2014 ~ p. 226 Kelatu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070159 coordinate: lat 28.035737 long 56.751565 NIMA/GNS names: Chehchoo , Kalato , Kalatu , Kalituyeh , Kelatu , Keli Tu , Kelitu'iyeh , Keltu'iyeh , چهچ , كلاتو , كلاتو , كلاتو , كلت , كلتوئيِه , كليتويه , کلی تو , VARIANT names: Kelatu , Kemeshk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070178 coordinate: lat 27.0594 long 53.9003 NIMA/GNS names: Kameshk , Kamshak , Kemeshk , Kemishk , Qamisk , کمشک , VARIANT names: Kemeshk , Kemishk , ※ SOURCE for Kemeshk see #3327 Angelo Ferrari Pietro Ragni, Kemeshk - Risorse idriche e territorio, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche IMC – Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Roma, 2016 ~ ※ SOURCE for Kemishk « Kemishk » in {map#1317 GSGS 4340 SOUTHERN ASIA 1:2 000 000 SOUTH IRAN, War Office, London, 1945, } Kenar Sayeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071955 coordinate: lat 27.0696 long 53.9321 NIMA/GNS names: Kenar Sayeh , Kenar Seyah , Kenar Siah , Konar-e Seyah , Konar-e Siah , Kunarsiah , Kuner Siah , کنار سایه , کنار سیاه , VARIANT names: Kenar Sayeh , ※ SOURCE for Kenar Sayeh see #3327 Angelo Ferrari Pietro Ragni, Kemeshk - Risorse idriche e territorio, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche IMC – Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Roma, 2016 ~ Kenareh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070186 coordinate: lat 29.9114 long 52.8642 NIMA/GNS names: Kenareh , Kinareh , کناره , VARIANT names: Camara , Kenareh , ※ SOURCE for Camara « Trovassi poi Syras de la qual habbiamo parlato di sopra, c, scorrendo via, se va ad una grossa villa chiamata Camara. 324) fn. 324. Camara (la Camerum di Fra Odorico); per questa località pare si debba intendere Kinära, villaggio nella pianura di Marvdasht, a 4 km. a sud-ovest di Persepoli. In tempi remoti Kinira sorgeva su una delle strade che portavano da Shiraz a Dihbid e oltre (cfr. HAMDULLAH MUSTAWFI, Nurhat al-Qulub, cit., p. 178). La strada principale si trova ora a poca distanza ad ovest del villaggio. (Lo.) [Then you find Syras, which we have spoken of above, and, going on, you come to a large villa called Camara. 324) fn. 324. Camara (the Camerum of Fra Odorico); by this locality it seems that we should understand Kinära, a village in the plain of Marvdasht, 4 km. south-west of Persepolis. In ancient times Kinira stood on one of the roads that led from Shiraz to Dihbid and beyond (cf. HAMDULLAH MUSTAWFI, Nurhat al-Qulub, cit., p. 178). The main road is now a short distance west of the village. (Lo.)] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 149 Kenargerd Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 35.376062 long 51.25354 Supplement: Kenargerd Caravanserai کاروانسرای کنارگرد VARIANT names: Dayr al-jiss , Kenargerd Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Dayr al-jiss « As before the 19th century the present-day salt marsh between Tehran and Qumm did not exist, the road followed a straight line and at two-fifths of its distance from Rayy the ruins of a caravanserai are found, just south of, and between two hills; cf. Stahl, in Petermanns Mitteilungen, Ergänzungsheft 118, map 1. This is the probable site of Dayr al-jiss. » #3541 Ibn Muhalhil, Vladimir Minorsky, Abu¯-Dulaf Mis?ar ibn Muhalhil's Travels in Iran, Cairo University Press, Cairo, 1955 ~ p. 99 Kenaroún : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.675789 long 54.453513 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kenaroún , ※ SOURCE for Kenaroún « Plus en avant nous voyons un aquéduc couvert, et, parmi quel- ques palmiers, les ruines d'un village que l'on appelait Kenaroún. [Further on we see a covered aqueduct, and, among some palm trees, the ruins of a village called Kenaroún.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 433 Keradeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069637 coordinate: lat 28.9709 long 53.1517 NIMA/GNS names: Karadeh , Kasra Deh , Keradeh , کراده , VARIANT names: Chira Deh , Kara Deh , Keradeh , ※ SOURCE for Chira Deh « Chira Deh » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} ※ SOURCE for Kara Deh « and at 9½ miles is the village of Kara Deh, on the western bank, » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 [stage distance 17½ miles actual length 22.3 miles. corrected to 12.1 miles. PBR] Keravanserail Houz-e Djaffar (Hauz-e Djaffar) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.034605 long 54.426165 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Keravanserail Houz-e Djaffar (Hauz-e Djaffar) , well of Japhet , ※ SOURCE for Keravanserail Houz-e Djaffar (Hauz-e Djaffar) « Keravanserail Houz-e Djaffar (Hauz-e Djaffar) (Abb. 63) (32)Lage: 18 km nordöstlich von Yazd, 15 km südwestlich des Karavanserails Robat Andjireh, in + 1240 m ü. N. N., an der Karawanenstraße von Yazd durch die Steppe nach Tabas und Mashhad. Die Strecke Yazd-Howz-e Djaffar Robat Andjireh ist aufgegeben und durch Straßenneubau-sen zwischen Robat Andjireh und der Hauptstraße Arda-kan-Yazd ersetzt.Typ: Langgestreckte Einraum-Anlage als Zwischen-karavanserail. Daneben eine Kuppelzisterne mit Pavillon iber dem Treppenhaus.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 10,808,90 m. Höhe des Eingangs-Iwans 4,60 m. Die Zisterne hat einen inneren Durchmesser von 6,70 m und eine Höhe von 7.50 (Abb. 64).Baumaterial: Bruchstein und Ziegel.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Sehr stark verfallen.Inschriften: Keine bekannt.Datierung: Safavidisch oder qadjarisch.Im Bereich von Karavanserail und Zisterne wurden innen türkisfarben glasierte Schüsseln (Abb. 65, von oben Nr. 1-4), eine innen und außen blau glasierte Schale (Abb. 65, unten links) und dunkelgelbgraue, unglasierte Wandungsscherben mit Ritzverzierung (Abb. 65, unten rechts) gefunden.fn. 32 Das Gebäude und die Zisterne wurdim am 21.3.1 vermessen [Houz-e Jaffar Caravanserai (Fig. 63) (32) Location: 18 km northeast of Yazd, 15 km southwest of the Robat Andjireh Caravanserai, at an altitude of 1,240 m above sea level, on the caravan route from Yazd through the steppe to Tabas and Mashhad. The Yazd-Howz-e Jaffar Robat Andjireh route has been abandoned and replaced by new roads between Robat Andjireh and the main Ardakan-Yazd road. Type: Elongated, single-room structure serving as an intermediate caravanserai. Next to it is a domed cistern with a pavilion above the stairwell. Dimensions: External dimensions 10.808.90 m. Height of the entrance iwan 4.60 m. The cistern has an inner diameter of 6.70 m and a height of 7.50 m (Fig. 64). Construction material: Rubble and brick. Structural features and condition: Very badly decayed. Inscriptions: None known. Dating: Safavid or Qajar. In the area of ??the caravanserai and cistern, bowls glazed with turquoise interiors (Fig. 65, numbers 1-4 from top), a bowl glazed with blue interiors and exteriors (Fig. 65, bottom left), and dark yellow-gray, unglazed wall sherds with incised decoration (Fig. 65, bottom right) were found. fn. 32 The building and the cistern were surveyed on March 21, 1911.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 47-8 ※ SOURCE for well of Japhet « Die Nacht des 4. Augufti eigneten wir der Ruhe am Brunnen Japhet zu. [We dedicated the night of August 4th to rest at the well of Japheth.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 64 Kerbala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3107076 coordinate: lat 32.5977778 long 44.0161111 NIMA/GNS names: Karbala' , Kerbala , Kerbela , Meshed Hussain , Meshed Hussein , VARIANT names: Kerbala , Kerdil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070209 coordinate: lat 28.249501 long 53.047505 NIMA/GNS names: Kardil , Kerdil , کردیل , VARIANT names: Kerdil , Kerift : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.247206 long 53.984866 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kerift , ※ SOURCE for Kerift « Il lunedì, poco innanzi giorno, avendo cam- minato circa a quattro leghe, ci posamme in una campagna deserta presso ad una peschieretta che vi è di acqua piovana, vicino a certe sepolture antiche che danno indizio che in altri tempi il luogo che si chiama Kerift fosse abitato. Dopo esserci ivi trattenuti il giorno sotto il padiglione, al tramontar del sole ne partimmo,[On Monday, shortly before the day, having walked about four leagues, we landed in a deserted countryside near a fishpond which had rain water, near certain ancient tombs which give evidence that in other times the place called Kerift was inhabited. After spending the day there under the pavilion, we left at sunset,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ pt. 2 p. 355 Kerkha d'Ledan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.316667 long 48.116667 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kerkha d'Ledan , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Kerkha d'Ledan AT Kut Gapu lat 32.316667 long 48.116667 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Kerkha d'Ledan « It remains only to say a few words about the modern name of the Ula/Eulaios. Writing in 1340, Hamd-Allah Mustawfi called the Karkheh the "river of Sus,"(98) but already in 1839 Rawlinson observed that, outside the pages of Mustawfi's work, "neither in Abú-l-fedá, nor in any other of the old Arabic authors, do I find any notice of the river Kerkhah."(99) Eilers has shown that the name Karkheh can be analysed as Kary + ab, or "water/river of the city Karkh," from Aramaic kar?kā, meaning "city," can be no question that the Karkh in question was Kerkha d'Ledan,(101) a large city founded by Shapur II(102) which lies on the Karkheh River some 17 km north of Susa as the crow flies (modern Ivan-e Kerkha). (103) fn. 98. Le Strange 1902, 513. Cf. Schwarz and Miquel 1978, 654. fn. 99. Rawlinson 1839, 89. fn. 100. Eilers 1982, 36-37. Rawlinson 1839, 88, already suspected this when he wrote, "I conjecture that the Choaspes derived the name of Kerkhah, which it still retains, from the title of this town; but even this point must remain uncertain." fn. 101. As noted already by Nöldeke 1893, 42, n. 1. 102. According, e.g., to the Acts of Pusai. See Brock 1984, VI.4. fn. 103. Gyselen and Gasche 1994, 29. Layard 1846, 96, wrote, "The ruins of Iwáni-Kerkhah are evidently the remains of the Sasanian city of Kerkh, and of Karkha-Ledan, a bishopric of the early Christians." Cf. Hoffmann 1880, 87, "Die Ruinen von Kercha... sind wieder aufgefunden." » #2980 Daniel T. Potts, Elamite Ulā, Akkadian Ulaya, and Greek Choaspes: A Solution to the Eulaios Problem, Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 1999 vol. 13:pp. 27-44 ~ p. 36 Kermajan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070234 coordinate: lat 34.453639 long 47.928437 NIMA/GNS names: Karman Jan , Kermajan , کرماجان , VARIANT names: Kermajan , Kerman : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070237 coordinate: lat 30.283209 long 57.07879 NIMA/GNS names: Carmana , Kerman , Kirman , کرمان , VARIANT names: Bardasir , Carmana , Carmania Metropolis , Guwashir , Karman , Kerman , Kirman , ※ SOURCE for Bardasir « « the modern site of Kerman (Bardasir) in the north is at the earliest a foundation of Sassanid times. » » #250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983, ~ p. 186 ※ SOURCE for Carmana « 48. Beyond the frontier of this people Greater Carmania rises with lofty peaks, extending as far as the Indian Sea, supplied with products of the soil and fruit trees, but far inferior in fame and in extent to the lands of the Arabs; however, the country is no less rich in rivers, and equally blest with a fertile soil. 49. The rivers better known than the rest are the Sagareus, Saganis, and Hydriacus. There are also cities which, though few in number, are very rich in all that contributes to the maintenance and enjoyment of life. Conspicuous among them are Carmana, mother city of them all, Portospana, Alexandria, and Hermupolis. » #234 Ammianus Marcellinus, Ammianus Marcellinus … translated by John C. Rolfe, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1986 ~ bk. XXIII, 6 48-49 ※ SOURCE for Carmania Metropolis « and Arrian (Ind. 37) adds … Carmana. The latter is called by Ptolemy Metropolis and is without doubt the town now called Kirman, which gives its name to the whole province of Kirman. It was at the time of Ammianus (xxiii. 6) a place of wealth and luxury. » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, 2 vol., London, 1873 vol. 1, p.p. 520-1 » #229 Tarn, W.W., The Greeks in Bactria and India, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1951 p. 482 ※ SOURCE for Guwashir « In Sāsānid times and in early Islamic times up to the fourth/tenth century, the shahr-i Kirman, the provincial capital, was what became the early Islamic city of Sirajan, in the western part of the province and near the modern Sa'idābād. It may have been this first Sāsānid governor, Ardashir, son of Ardashir I, who laid out what was perhaps a military encampment, rather than a city, at Weh Ardashir in the northeastern part of the province (Hamzah al-Isfahani, Ta'rikh, 43), the place that became in later times Guwashir or Bardasir, provincial capital under the Büyids and, afterward, became the modern city of Kirman. See Nöldeke, trans. 10 n. 3; Le Strange, Lands, 300-301; J. Marquart, Erānsahr nach der Geographie des Ps. Moses Xorenac'i, 30; Markwart-Messina, Catalogue of the Provincial Capitals, 90; Barthold, Historical Geography, 137-38; EI2, s.v. Kirman (A. K. S. Lambton) » #3081 trans: C. E. Bosworth, The History of al-Tabari, State University of New York Press, New York, 1999 ~ fn. 31 p. 10 ※ SOURCE for Karman « 12th April, Karman, 6 farsaJchs ; 7 a.m. to 3 p.m. The Jupa Mountains, with their snowy summits 13,000 feet high, were a noble mark on our right, as we marched next day to Karman. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 196 ※ SOURCE for Kerman « the modern site of Kerman (Bardasir) in the north is at the earliest a foundation of Sassanid times. »#250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983, ~ p. 186 « From Kermán, one road appeared on the map as running to Shiráz and a second to Yezd, » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 72 ※ SOURCE for Kirman « KIRMAN, the name of a Persian province and of its present capital. The name goes back to the form Carmania, which is found in Strabo (xv, 2, 14), and which is said to be derived from the name of an ancient capital, Carmana (Ptolemy, Geography, vi, 8; Ammanianus Marcellinus, xxiii, 6, 48. See further Marquart, Eransahr, 30, on the name Carmania, and Browne, Lit. Hist. of Persia, i, 145, for the later popular etymology of the name). » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 5 p. 147 Kermanshah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070245 coordinate: lat 34.314167 long 47.065 NIMA/GNS names: Bahtaran , Bakhtaran , Kermansah , Kermanshah , Kermanshahan , Qahremanshahr , VARIANT names: Kermanchah , Kerman-Chah , Kermanshah , Kirmisin , ※ SOURCE for Kermanchah « Nous arrivames le 23 en fix heures à Kirmanchah (3), ancienne ville à 30 fieues au Sud-Oueſt de Hemedan, fui-vant le Géographe Turc. fn. 3 Kirmanchah eſt ſuivant les Etvals à 23 d de long. fur 34 d. 30 m. de lat. ſuivant le Canon de long. fur 34 d. 10 m. de lat. (4) Dinever eft fuivant le Géographe Turc 82 d. de long. fur 36 de lat. ſuivant les Etvals à 73 d. de long. fur 35 de lat. et fui-le Canon à 76 d. de long. fur 35 de lat. [We arrived on the 23rd at four o'clock in Kirmanchah (3), an ancient town 30 fieues to the South-West of Hemedan, before the Turkish Geographer. fn. 3 Kirmanchah is according to the Etvals 23 d in length. fur 34 d. 30 m. in lat. following the Canon long. fur 34 d. 10 m. in lat. (4) Dinever is according to the Turkish Geographer 82 d. in length. fur 36 in lat. following the Etvals 73 d. in length. fur 35 in lat. and after the Canon 76 d. in length. fur 35 in lat.] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 179 ※ SOURCE for Kerman-Chah « Désirant håter notre arrivée à Kermán-Cháh, nous nous remîmes en chemin. Après avoir quelque temps marché dans la vallée, et traversé ensuite des collines incultes et pres-que nues, nous atteignîmes, le 19 novembre, vers midi, cette ville située au milieu d'une belle plaine. Avant d'y entrer, on passe le long de jardins plantés de divers arbres, et arrosés .par des eaux abondantes, que des canaux en-tretenus avec soin apportent des montagnes voisines. [Wishing to hasten our arrival at Kerman-Sha, we set out again. After walking for some time in the valley, and then crossing uncultivated and almost bare hills, we reached, on November 19, around noon, this town situated in the middle of a beautiful plain. Before entering it, one passes along gardens planted with various trees, and watered by abundant water, which carefully maintained canals bring from the neighboring mountains.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 232 ※ SOURCE for Kermanshah owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Kermanshah, 47.067, 34.317, IR, nkn, exact, 21, tmcIRa0100_048a » « Thence there is a gradual descent to the plain, and Kermanshah is reached at 18 miles. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 154 ※ SOURCE for Kirmisin « Ebul Feda appelle Kirmanchah Kirmiſin, et la place à neuf lieues de Halvan. {Ebul Feda calls Kirmanchah Kirmisin, and places it nine leagues from Halvan.] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 180 Keshehdari Zisterne : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.272442 long 55.408236 VARIANT names: Keshehdari Zisterne , ※ SOURCE for Keshehdari Zisterne « Abb. 223 Keshehdari Zisterne » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 125 Keshtu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069997 coordinate: lat 28.527437 long 51.629152 NIMA/GNS names: Kashti , Kashtu , Keshtu , كشتو , VARIANT names: Keshtu , ※ SOURCE for Keshtu « [works of Zebko water reservoir (Khuzko) in the village of Khasht related to the late Islamic centuries with registration number 32629.] » online reference link Keskak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070008 coordinate: lat 35.462327 long 59.259943 NIMA/GNS names: Kasgak , Kaskak , Kesk , Keskak , کسکک , VARIANT names: Keskak , Kevelar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.078326 long 52.245612 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kevelar , Kivilaar , ※ SOURCE for Kivilaar « After Dihgirdu the road led to a small fortress, Kala Kewilar, in the village of Kivilaar which had a beautiful karavansaray with very good water, but which had become totally dilapidated by 1717. (58) fn. 58 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 91 (Kala Kewilar); Valentijn, vol. V, p. 261 (Kivilaar); KA 1793, fol. 1029b (Serae Kwilaer); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 302 (Kiavielar). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 73 Khabar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070321 coordinate: lat 30.543815 long 54.708775 NIMA/GNS names: Khabar , Khabr , Khebr , Khebreh , Khowr , خبر , VARIANT names: Khabar , Khavre , ※ SOURCE for Khavre « at 27½ miles reaches the village of Khavre. Time, 8 hours 30 minutes. Khavre contains about 70 houses and a small dilapidated, fort in the centre. It stands on a low mound on a small plain; it has frequently been attacked by Bhalus, Bakhtiaris and Arabs, one of which tribes sacked the town four years ago. A road runs from here to Saidabad, 12 farsakhs. There is a village called Henja, 1 farsakh from here, and there are several large gardens close by. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 22 Khabis : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070325 coordinate: lat 28.5551 long 52.6343 NIMA/GNS names: Khabis , Khabis , خبیص , VARIANT names: Khabis , Khabis : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083959 coordinate: lat 30.417395 long 57.706696 NIMA/GNS names: Khabis , Shahdad , شهداد , VARIANT names: Khabis , Khabura : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786054 coordinate: lat 23.971443 long 57.093132 NIMA/GNS names: Al Khabura , Al Khaburah , Al-Khabourah , Khabura , Khaburah , الخابورة , VARIANT names: Khabura , Khadrawayn : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786058 coordinate: lat 24.854444 long 56.403333 NIMA/GNS names: Al Khadhrawain , Al Khadrawayn , Khadhrawain , Khadrawayn , Khadrawayn , Khidrawayn , خضراوين , VARIANT names: Khadhrawein , Khadrawayn , Khadrawein or Kothrawain , Kuthrawain , ※ SOURCE for Khadhrawein « Khadhrawein » in {map#1009 Chart 2837a. Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet, Constable, Stiffe, Guy, Brucks, 1860, 'Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet' [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837a, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Khadrawein or Kothrawain « Khadrawein or Kothrawain » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. WellstedRoyal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} ※ SOURCE for Kuthrawain « Khore Kulba Fort is a fort on the side of a creek, into which boats of twenty or thirty tons can go. It has some trade, particularly with the inland tribes, about two hundred inhabitants, and is in lat. 25° 0' 50" N., long., 56° 24' 26" E. Supplies of cattle and poultry may be obtained here. Off these last three places, the soundings are regular to four fathoms, three quarters of a mile off shore. Between this and Shines are successively situated the forts and villages of Maharae, Kuthrawain, Aboobugarrah, and Huggur. At each of these places the number of the inhabitants varies from seventy to one hundred, some employed in the coasting trade,. others as fishermen and cultivators, A few supplies may be obtained at all these places. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p.624 Khafr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070346 coordinate: lat 33.5362 long 51.966 NIMA/GNS names: Khafr , خفر , VARIANT names: Khafr , ※ SOURCE for Khafr « and come, just as darkness closes in, down into Khafr, after three as desolate farsakhs as can be imagined. The road on further, I hear, is bad—it has been atrocious lately—so here we stay the night. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 294 Khafr : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084219 coordinate: lat 28.9728 long 53.2034 NIMA/GNS names: Khafr , Shahr Khafr , Shahr-e Khafr , Shahr-e Khezr , شهر خضر , VARIANT names: Çafhra , Cafre , Caifer , Cawger , Chafer , Chaffer , Chaffert , Chafr (Jesa) , Cossir , dorp Gaffer , Gaffer , Gossaw , Käfer , Kafre , Khabr , Khafr , Khafro , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khafr FOR Vnghea [], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khafr FOR Safra [PBR], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khafr FOR Habr [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Çafhra « This small town Çafhra is called Zafarābād (71) in the Arabic tongue, which means “fair” or “market.” (72) Not far off is the Sivan River, which the locals divert into channels and ditches to irrigate their gardens and fields.At sundown we reached the caravanserai, which resembled the one we had left that morning. It was 400 [fol. 222v] [margin: paces] from the city and its gardens, and there were two small Turkmen dawārs next to it. fn. 71 This location seems a better fit than Khafr, proposed by Loureiro et al., Anotações e estudos, 24. fn. 72 This comment by Silva y Figueroa is puzzling, since Arabic zafra is the feminine form of an adjective meaning “yellow.” fn. 73 In the MS, Zafarābād is given as Çafhra or Çafra, a homonym of Zafra (Extremadura); Silva y Figueroa also spells the name of his native city Çafhra. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 330 « Entre este amenissimo bosque estan çien casillas, pocas mas ó menos, con una hermosa y antiquisima mezquita, cuya pequeña poblacion en lengua arabiga llaman Çafhra, que significa lo mesmo que feria ó mercado, corriendo muy çerca della el rrio Siuan, de donde sacan los moradores muchas açequias y canales de agua para regar sus jardines y sementeras. A puesta de sol se llegó al carauasar, que es como del que se salio aquella mañana, apartado quatroçientos pasos del lugar y sus jardines, junto al qual auia dos pequeños aduares de turcomanes. [Among this very pleasant forest there are a hundred squares, a few more or less, with a beautiful and ancient mosque, whose small town in the Arabic language is called Çafhra, which means the same as a fair or market, the Siuan River running very close to it, from where they take the inhabitants many ditches and water channels to water their gardens and fields. At sunset we reached the carauasar, which is like the one we left that morning, four hundred steps away from the place and its gardens, next to which there were two small Turkmen customs houses.] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 p. 321 ※ SOURCE for Cafre « On the 18th the journey was through countryside full of barley and rice. The ground was low, and there was plenty of water. Along the road I saw some tombs here and there with the remains of destroyed towns. At the 9th hour of the night we stopped in a caravanserai called Shahre Khafr. A Frenchman arrived there after midday on the 19th. He was on horseback and dressed in European fashion and had with him a chapar and a Persian servant with two pieces of luggage. He came to greet me and told me that he was coming from Bandar 'Abbas, where he had been on business for his company and that he was going to Shiraz and from there to Isfahan. He wanted to continue the journey with me, and I was glad of it. Meanwhile, we went together to see the town. We entered a garden full of fruit and ate to our satisfaction. When we left, the gardener was happy with a small remuneration. As we went through the town, we were asked to enter the houses of those natives to visit their sick, as happens in Turkey. Certainly he who knows medicine and the language would be of great use there and ncould also enjoy the trip. At suppertime I invited the Frenchman to eat with me. He seemed to be a polite and discreet person, and his name was Monsieur Pierre Monfere. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ pp. 296-7 ※ SOURCE for Caifer « This Valley led us to Caifer (5), some Five Pharsangs, a Village blest with all Fruits Persia glories in, but above all, the choicest Oranges; fn. 5 Khafre of Wilson's map, lying, as Fryer says, between two ranges of hills- Kuh-i-Gushtasib and Kuh-i-Safidar. "I slept at an Inn built in an octagonal form, a good Legue from the River, with several villages between. The name of the Inn is Kaffer" (Tavernier, 251). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 206 ※ SOURCE for Cawger « The third day we came to Cawger, and the same day at night we payed a Best upon every Bar. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 461 ※ SOURCE for Chafer « we arrived at a fair large Kervanʃeray, called Kervanʃeray Chafer, from the name of a Village cloſe by it, on the River-fide, which at this place is dwindled away almost to nothing, this is a great Village, and nothing to be ſeen in it but Gardens » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 128 ※ SOURCE for Chaffer « The 27th daye we traveled 7 lges. of very craggi and vneven waye. We picht in a caravanserow wthin a furlong of a litle towne called Chaffer [Kafr]. This towne standeth between two hilles wch lyeth on from the other a leauge or ther- aboutes. Here is good water and store of date trees. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 79 ※ SOURCE for Chaffert « Wy reden voorby een Karrawanſera, genaamd Chaffert, [We passed by a Karrawanſera named Chaffert,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 263 ※ SOURCE for Chafr (Jesa) « den 10. Dez. in 11 Stunden, von 2 Uhr nachts bis 1 Uhr mittags, gereist 7 Farsach zur Karawan- serei Olkä und dem Dorf Chafr, jetzt Jesa genannt. [On December 10th, in 11 hours, from 2 a.m. to 1 a.m., 7 Farsach traveled to the Olka caravanserai and the village of Chafr, now called Jesa.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 111 ※ SOURCE for Cossir « August 22. We rose from Dottiuan, and passing by Cossir, lodged at Agatakee. » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 207 ※ SOURCE for dorp Gaffer « 20 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 ※ SOURCE for Gaffer « van noden was te dragen) verselt met den schout van 't dorp Gaffer (1) fn. 1 Kafr (Siinla kaart.) Fryer heeft Caifer; hij teekent aan, dat hier de teelt van den dadelpalm eindigt. [of necessities) was hired with the sheriff of the village of Gaffer (1) fn. 1 Kafr (Siinla card.) Fryer has Caifer; he notes that the cultivation of the date palm ends here.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 73 « Gaffer (Khafr) for each carga half a mahmudi for rāhdāri as in Lär, but a small pres- ent would have the same effect. » #3297 John Emerson, Rahdars and Their Tolls in Safavid and Afsharid Iran, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 1987 vol. 30:no. 3:pp. 318-327 ~ p. 321 ※ SOURCE for Gossaw « About 12 at night sett out for Gossaw, 7½ farsangs, bad stoney way, but no mountain to pass. Past by Piraw, 5 farsangs to this place; here is a good Caravensaroy. Arrived here the 23rd about 11 forenoon. note: Diary of 22 February 1707/8. Gossaw. This place, called Cossir by Hedges (I, 207) and Chasor by Thévenot (Pt. II, 128), seems to be identical with the Caifer of Fryer, the Khafri of Wilson's map (Fryer, II, 206, n. 4), and the Kafer of Rennell's Map of Western Asia (1831). Khafr lies about 9 miles WNW. from Asmângird. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 41 and 47 ※ SOURCE for Käfer « Je terminai ma traite à un autre caravanserai,nommé Kafer (2), qui est situé vis-à-vis d'unbeau village de quelque cent maisons, mais qu'onprend de loin pour une petite ville à cause dugrand nombre de ses jardins. fn. 2 Le käravansérây de Käfer et le village qui en dépend sont situés dans un pays charmant. La description qu'en donne Chardin est pleinement justifiée par celles de Thévenot, tom. IV, p. 447, et de Fryer, New account of East India and Persia, etc. p. 244. [I finished my milking at another caravanserai, named Kafer (2), which is located opposite a beautiful village of about a hundred houses, but which from a distance is taken for a small town because of the large number of its gardens. fn. 2 The käravanséray of Käfer and the village which depends on it are located in a charming country. The description given by Chardin is fully justified by those of Thévenot, tom. IV, p. 447, and Fryer, New account of East India and Persia, etc. p. 244.] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 461 ※ SOURCE for Kafre « à peu de dis- tance est celui de Kâfre, que nous atteignons à une heure après-midi. [At a short distance is that of Kâfre, which we reach at one o'clock in the afternoon.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 458 ※ SOURCE for Khabr « Beyond Kuvar, also on the left bank of the river Sakkân, is the town of Khabr, noted for the tomb of Said, brother of Hasan-al-Basri, the theologian. Mustawfi states that Khabr was larger than Kuvar, and that near by was the famous castle of Tir-i-Khuda, 'God's Arrow,' so called from its inaccessibility, for it stood on a hill-top, so that no human arrow could attain it. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 253 « Khabr (3). A medium-sized town, larger than Kavär, with a temperate climate; its water is wholesome. Its lands produce desert-wheat, also the fruits of both the hot and the cold region in excellent quality. It has a strong castle which is known as Tir-i-Khuda (God's Arrow), and game both of the mountain and the plain is found here. fn. 3 Modern Khafr. The Castle of God's Arrow according to the Fürs Namak was near Khayrah. » #3133 trans. G. Le Strange, The Geographical Part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub¯ Composed by Hamd-Allāh Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ 115 « Khabr (of Ardashir Khurrah) - Attestations: Khabr (town?) was located in Ardashir Khurrah according to Mādigān i Hezār Dādistān (MHD 78. 13) (78). The MHD (MHD A19.13-16) includes a phrase that implies that Khabr and Kovar were close to each other. The paragraph reads as follows: "In one place it is written, that if he declares this: 'if I do not depart to Kovar and Khabr on the day Ormizd, I shall give thirty dirhams', then if he departed to Kovar or to Khabr, he is not obliged to pay thirty dirhams". - Identification: The town and district of Khabr of Ardashir Khurrah was also recorded by an Islamic geographer (79). The modern village of Shahr-e Khafr (Town of Khafr) is located about 50 km to the southeast of Kovar, east of Firuzabad. fn. 78 Perikhanian 1997: 191, 282-3 fn. 79 Istakhri: 120; Ibn-e Howqal: 275 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 20 ※ SOURCE for Khafr « Rivadaneyra continuing his journey from Firūzābād to Darab crossed the river by a ford between the villages of Tadwān and "Assun-Dscherd" (Asmängird?). He also admires the pleasant and flourishing aspect of Khafr. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 6 p. 384 « The 27th daye we traveled lges. of very craggi and vneven waye. We picht in a caravanserow wthin a furlong of a litle towne called Chaffer [Kafr]. This towne standeth between two hilles weh lyeth on from the other a leauge or theraboutes. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p. 79 « At right of the 6 miles the village of Khafr is passed, ½ a mile to the E. of the road in a small valley. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 « (20) tο Khafr 8 farsakhs. A hamlet of date-palms where araq of Portuguese grapes is made. It is a bad road.is passed. At 3 leagues Tarsu [? sic), 2 leagues off the road. A large river is is passed. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 notes ※ SOURCE for Khafro « Khafro » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Khaftar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070347 coordinate: lat 28.7691 long 53.2903 NIMA/GNS names: Khaftar , Khaftarak , خافتر , VARIANT names: Khaftar , Khaitar , ※ SOURCE for Khaitar « . The road is stony, but the going is easy. At 1 miles a track diverges W.-N.-W. to Tudun, 6 miles, Khaitar, 12 miles, Simakūn, 16 miles, and Maiman. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 178 Khairabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071027 coordinate: lat 29.5642 long 53.0763 NIMA/GNS names: Khairabad , Kheyrabad , Kheyrabad , Kheyrabad-e Baghal , Kheyrabad-e Mayagh , Kheyrabad-e Tulalli , خیر آباد , خیر آباد توللی , VARIANT names: Khairabad , Kheirabad , ※ SOURCE for Kheirabad « At the 17th mile we passed the village Kheirabad, three-quarters of a mile to our right, and here we quitted the district of Kúlbar for that of the city of Shiraz (the Homai Shehr). » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 77 Khairabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070969 coordinate: lat 29.4312 long 55.2999 NIMA/GNS names: Khairabad , Kheyrabad , Kheyrabad-e Kaffeh , خیر آباد , خیر آباد کفه , VARIANT names: Khairabad , Kheirabad , ※ SOURCE for Kheirabad « At the 21st mile we reached another high road, and presently afterwards, leaving it, turned towards the small fort and village of Kheirabad, where we alighted at the end of the 27th mile, having been obliged to travel about 5 miles out of our way to reach an inhabited spot. It proved a wretched place, consisting of a claybuilt fort and about 15 hovels, in which 25 families of Beluch were crowded. These people are from the neighbouring country of Fars, of a race anciently transported to that province. The fort was, as usual, strictly guarded, and we were refused admittance into the interior portion of it. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 67 Khakeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3827730 coordinate: lat 33.525673 long 50.332216 NIMA/GNS names: Khakeh , خاکه , VARIANT names: Khakeh , Khak-i-Chaupan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3380031 coordinate: lat 31.6780556 long 64.895 NIMA/GNS names: Khak Copan , Khak-e Chupan , Khak-i-Chaupan , Khak-i-Chopan , VARIANT names: Khak-i-Chaupan , Khak-i-Chopan , ※ SOURCE for Khak-i-Chaupan « Khak-i-choupan,' August 28th—seven parasangs—over a barren plain. I was very early on horseback, with my escort of eight soldiers, and left Girishk with a heart full of hatred for its inhabitants and lively joy at my departure. We forded the Helmund a quarter of an hour from the fortress. » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 315 ※ SOURCE for Khak-i-Chopan « 5. Khak-i-Chopan (9 miles 5 furlongs — 51 miles 3 furlongs). — Water procurable in sufficient quantity. Road generally good and level ; sand lies rather deeply on it for a short distance, and some slight undulations in the ground are met with towards the end of the march. Cultivation and villages lie 2 or 3 miles to the south. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 331 Khaledabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3051955 coordinate: lat 30.0051 long 52.7767 NIMA/GNS names: Ahmadabad , Ahmadabad-e Khafrak , Khaledabad , Khalidabad , احمد آباد , VARIANT names: Khaledabad , Khalfani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070426 coordinate: lat 26.8684 long 53.7792 NIMA/GNS names: Khalfani , Nakhl-e Khalfan , خلفانی , نخل خلفان , VARIANT names: Kalphonie , Khalfani , ※ SOURCE for Kalphonie « Kalphonie » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Khalfut : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3188656 coordinate: lat 15.876857 long 52.150055 NIMA/GNS names: Khalfut , VARIANT names: calafate , curafate , Khalfut , ※ SOURCE for calafate « curafate, calafate [Portuguese name] Khalfat [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for curafate « curafate, calafate [Portuguese name] Khalfat [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Khalfut « Archaeological material found at Khalfut may be mostly dated from the 14th to 16th centuries, but several pieces of the early Islamic period, similar to the ones found at Sharwayn, were also collected at the site: these are fragments of Abbasid sgraffiato bowls, basins with wavy-line decoration, cooking pots from East Africa, and a piece of Yue Chinese stoneware (Fig. 5/14-16). At that time, the city seems to have been known under the name of Khalfat.(10) fn. 10 The harbour is mentioned under this name in 12th century by al-Idrîsï, as a city between Mirbät and Sharma (Al-Idrîsï 1971); then in the 13th century (without diacritical mark) by Ibn al- Mugãwir as the last port of call east of Ra's Fartak on the route from Raysut to Aden (1951- 1954:260,268-270). » #2742 Axelle Rougeulle, Anne Benoist, Notes on pre- and early Islamic harbours of Ḥaḍramawt (Yemen), Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2001 Vol. 31:pp. 203-214 ~ p. 211 « North of Fartak, the small harbour of Khalfat, where boats are still hauled up during the SW monsoon, is mentioned by Sulaiman and Sidi Çelebi. » #370 Tibbetts, G. R., Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean before the coming of the Portuguese, The Royal Asiatic Society, Luzac and Co., London, 1971 ~ p. 442 Khalij-e Moghuyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -3075328 coordinate: lat 26.55 long 54.55 NIMA/GNS names: Khalij-e Moghuyeh , خليج مغويه , VARIANT names: Khalij-e Moghuyeh , Mogu Bay , ※ SOURCE for Mogu Bay « MOGU-A bay on the coast of Laristān, Persia, due north of the island of Polior. It is a noble bay, secure against the prevailing winds in the Gulf. It is formed by cape Bostana to the eastward, and cape Certes, which in Heather's chart is improperly called Bestian, to the westward; the extremes, which lie north-west by west and south-east by east of each other, are about ten miles asunder.The bay is of a good depth, and is capable of holding the largest fleets; the ground is tough clay, from which you with difficulty heave up the anchors: the soundings without the bay are irregular; and between Mogū and Polior is a rocky shoal, on which is less than three fathoms. This shoal lies nearer to the main than to Polior, and is an objection against running from the bay in the night, but in the day-time the marks are so good that you may easily avoid it.By keeping a remarkable round and lofty hill, named Charak hill, north-west, a ship will be led into Mogū bay.The Chiffonne's marks for anchorage in Mogu Bay are as follows :-Against a north-west wind. Extremes of the land west by north to south-east; the town of Mogū north by east, off shore two miles, in five and a half fathoms, tough clay; the points which form the bay south-east by east east to west by north.Against a south-east wind. Polior south west to south by west, west, off shore three quarters of a mile, in six and a quarter fathoms, tough clay.The shoal between Polior island and Mogū bay. The marks of this shoal, as taken by Mr. Smart, Master of His Majesty's Ship Caroline, in January 1810, are by compass; the island of Polior south west, to south by west west; extremes of the Persian land north-west, by west to east north-east; the eastern fall of Charak hill, in one with the two points of the eastern boundary of Mogu bay, which in the charts is improperly called cape Bestian, north north-west, and north-west by north. These bearings were taken from a boat. The shoal is composed of coarse sand and shells. (Brucks.) » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ pp. 335-6 Khalilabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070462 coordinate: lat 35.253952 long 58.285658 NIMA/GNS names: Khalilabad , خلیل آباد , VARIANT names: Khalilabad , Khalili : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070468 coordinate: lat 27.63737 long 53.30078 NIMA/GNS names: Khalili , خلیلی , VARIANT names: Khalili , ※ SOURCE for Khalili Persian text omitted « Khalili is three hundred years old. Before that, it was located six kilometers west of Khalili in a place called "Pasht Pari". For unknown reasons, most likely an earthquake, it was completely destroyed and three hundred years ago it was moved to the current location of Khalili. » wikipedia Khalili (Grash) online reference link [accessed 19 Nov 2024] NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.9551 long 55.8635 VARIANT names: Kham , Kum , ※ SOURCE for Kham #1511p655 unknown location estimated ※ SOURCE for Kum « Finding we could not reach any village before nightfall, at about the 20th mile we turned off the road across the country in a direction of 60°, reaching at the 25th mile (7 fursacks) the ruined mud fort of Kúm, near which some Afshar black tents were pitched belonging to Yeni Ali Khan, who is chief of about 300 families of that tribe. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 62 Kham Valley : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: -3195395 coordinate: lat 28.896606 long 54.351251 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Kham , Kham Valley , دره خم , VARIANT names: Kham Valley , ※ SOURCE for Kham Valley « Kham Valley » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Khamik : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070628 coordinate: lat 29.067 long 52.0338 NIMA/GNS names: Khamik , Khamyak , Khaneh Yak , Khani Yek , Khanik , Khaniyak , خانیک , VARIANT names: Khamik , Khamyak , Khaniek , Khanik , ※ SOURCE for Khamyak « Khamyak » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Shiraz 444 C « At 13 miles Khamyak, with a low mound. At 13¾ miles, Ab-i-Nau 300 camels and oxen. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 311 ※ SOURCE for Khaniek « The village Khaniek, with its vast and probably artificial mollnd, bore, at the 13th mile, 50° about 1 mile distant. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 181 ※ SOURCE for Khanik « At 13 miles Khanik, with a vast mound. Khanik was deserted in 1871. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 233 Khamir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070495 coordinate: lat 26.9521 long 55.5851 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Khamir , Khamir , Xamir , بندر خمير , بندر خمير , خمير , VARIANT names: Khamir , Kiamir , ※ SOURCE for Khamir « KHAMÍR is a fort and town on the mainland 7 miles W. N. of Laft point. It has a large fort, with a high square tower in the middle: the town, which contains about 200 men, is without the walls, and has a date grove to the eastward of it; the foot of the range of mountains behind this place is about a mile distant. The town lies half a mile from the shore, or port, where there is a small building for storing the sulphur exported from this place. The port is approached by a small creek, admitting boats of 20 to 30 tons only, which take the sulphur hence to Bander Abbás. Millstones also are exported from this place. The sulphur mines are in small hills near the foot of the mountains, 3 to 4 miles west of the place, and were very productive; they are worked very rudely, and are said to be nearly exhausted, as far as the present means of working will admit. They have been worked for a very long time, and the export is now small. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 222 [Khamir fort northern tower at lat 26.95181976875085, long 55.5868919] ※ SOURCE for Kiamir « Kiamir » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 khan Azadhmard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.514268 long 52.358515 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: possible location due to proximity of the Farashband - Dehram road VARIANT names: Han Azadmard , Han-i Azadmerd , khan Azadhmard , Khan Azädhmard/Khan Äzädmard , Khan Daoud (David's Inn) , ※ SOURCE for Han Azadmard « Räykän ou Han Azadmard, VI C4, Située par Schwarz vers Babaneh Iran Etape sur la route de Sirāf à Gür, I 129, Η 283, Muq 454, 454(d), Schw 195 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ « Khan Azadhmard - ... - Azadigan » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. 3 ※ SOURCE for Han-i Azadmerd « buradan Han-i Azadmerd'e 6 fersahtir. Bu ovanin genisligi 3 fersah kadar olup her yaninda katmerli nergis yetisir. [From here to Han-i Azadmerd is 6 parasakhs. The width of this plain is 3 parasakhs and daffodils grow in every part of it.] » #3174 Ibn Havkal trans. Ramazan Sesen, 10. Asirda Islam Cografyasi (Yeditepe Yayinevi), Yeditepe Yayinlari, 2014 ~ p. 227 ※ SOURCE for khan Azadhmard « De là au khan d'Azadhmard, six parasanges: c'est un khan au milieu d'une plaine de trois parasanges, toute parsemée de narcisses doubles. [From there to the khan of Azadhmard, six parasangs: it is a khan in the middle of a plain of three parasangs, all dotted with double daffodils.] » #3352 Configuration de la terre : Kitab surat al-Ard / Ibn Hauqal ; introduction et traduction, avec index, par J. H. Kramers et G. Wiet, Maisonneuve et Larose, Paris, 1964 ~ vol. 2 p. 279 ※ SOURCE for Khan Daoud (David's Inn) « Khan Daoud (David's Inn), from which there is a desert for about three farsang; » #3164 Abu-'l-Qāsim Ibn-Ali Ibn-Hauqal trans. William Ouseley, The Oriental Geography of Ebn Haukal, an Arabian Traveller of the Tenth Century, Oriental Press, London, 1800 ~ p. 105 Khan Baghi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 10390882 coordinate: lat 27.9704 long 53.151 NIMA/GNS names: Khan Baghi , Khan Baqi , خان باغی , خان باقی , VARIANT names: Khan Baghi , khan Barkana : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.841897 long 52.422205 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: various different km end about here which is 0.5 km after Makku VARIANT names: Burkan Khan , Han Barkane , khan Barkana , ※ SOURCE for Burkan Khan « and from Azarkan to Burkan Khan, four farsakhs, and from Burkan to Siraf al-Madinah. About seven farsakhs, and the total is sixty farsakhs. » #3339 Ibn Haukal, J. H. Kramers, Opus Geographicum 2. Clima II, Brill, Leiden, 1967 ~ p. 283 ※ SOURCE for Han Barkane « Den englischen Karten fehlen beide Orte. Kirend dürfte im Tale des von Karzin kommenden Flusses zu suchen sein. Der Hän Bädergän würde dann zum Gebiete des von Wardawan kom- menden Flusses gehören, der Hän Barkäne in die Gegend von Jam (etwa südöstlich davon) fallen. Mukaddasi führt 1 Tagereise von Kirend zum Halteplatz Barzara, von dort 1 Tag bis Gemm (1) und einen weiteren Tag bis Sirāf. Barzara müßte nicht allzu fern vom Hän Bädergän gesucht werden. Im einzelnen bleibt hier alles zwischen Raikan und Jam zunächst unsicher. Daß die Gegend südlich von Gür schon in alter Zeit spärlich besiedelt war, zeigen die drei, bez. vier Hane auf der 40 Par. langen Strecke, denen nur zwei Dörfer gegenüberstehen in der Beschreibung des Istahri. fn. 1 Vgl. oben (II) S. 64. [Both places are missing from the English maps. Kirend is probably to be found in the valley of the river coming from Karzin. The Hän Bädergän would then belong to the area of ??the river coming from Wardawan, the Hän Barkäne would fall into the area of ??Jam (approximately southeast of it). Mukaddasi is a one-day journey from Kirend to the Barzara stopping place, from there one day to Gemm (1) and another day to Sirāf. Barzara would not have to be sought too far from the Hän Bädergän. In detail, everything between Raikan and Jam remains uncertain for the time being. The fact that the area south of Gür was sparsely populated even in ancient times is shown by the three or four Hane on the 40-par. long stretch, opposite which there are only two villages in the description of the Istahri. fn. 1 See above (II) p. 64.] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 196 ※ SOURCE for khan Barkana « D'Adharkan au khan de Barkana, quatre parasanges. [From Adharkan to the khan of Barkana, four parasanges.] » #3352 Configuration de la terre : Kitab surat al-Ard / Ibn Hauqal ; introduction et traduction, avec index, par J. H. Kramers et G. Wiet, Maisonneuve et Larose, Paris, 1964 ~ vol. 2 p. 279 Khan Khoreh caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 30.843895 long 53.132397 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Khan Khoreh caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Khan Khoreh caravanserai « Good spring water at the Khan-i-Kora caravansarai, which is a large hexagonal masonry building with sides of 55 feet and small towers at the angles. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 189 Khane Gauhar : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 31.42384519 long 64.38009767 VARIANT names: Khane Gauhar , ※ SOURCE for Khane Gauhar Fragmentary remains of a Buddhist shrine overlook the Helmand Valley near the modern town of Darwishan. online reference link [accessed 23 May 2025] Khanegahdan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070569 coordinate: lat 28.936111 long 53.31 NIMA/GNS names: Khanegahdan , Khaneh Kahdan , Khanehkohdan , Khaneh-ye Kahdan , Khaneh-ye Kahvan , Khanekahdan , Khankahdan , VARIANT names: Khanegahdan , Khaneh Kahdan , Khoune-Khiadoun , ※ SOURCE for Khaneh Kahdan « alternatives routes Route No. 1 Bandar Abbas to Shiraz(d). Via Jährüm, Khānch Kahdan, and Mahārlū; about equal in length and regularly used by Sarvistin Jährümb caravans; well supplied with provisions, easy, and in good lateral communication with the main route here described. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 161 ※ SOURCE for Khoune-Khiadoun « Après avoir marché trois heures, nous joi- gnons deux routes. L'une, à droite, mène au village de Khoûné-Khiadoûn. L'autre, à gauche, conduit à Karzi, par le village de Kiech-Kalaïni. Sacoûn est éloigné.de ces deux autres endroits de sept farsengs. Auprès d'une citerne en berceau on voit un mausolée. Sur la droite la vallée est cultivée. Les champs, au milieu desquels s'élèvent plusieurs tours, appartien- nent aux villageois de Khoûné-Khiadoûn. [After walking for three hours, we join two roads. One, on the right, leads to the village of Khoûné-Khiadoûn. The other, on the left, leads to Karzi, via the village of Kiech-Kalaïni. Sacoûn is seven farsengs away from these two other places. Near a barrel cistern we see a mausoleum. On the right the valley is cultivated. The fields, in the middle of which several towers rise, belong to the villagers of Khoûné-Khiadoûn.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 458 Khaneh Kahdan Pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3070553 coordinate: lat 29.033333 long 53.333333 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-e-Khankhandan , Gardaneh-ye Khaneh Kahdan , Gardaneh-ye Khaneh Kandan , Khaneh Kahdan Pass , VARIANT names: Khaneh Kahdan Pass , ※ SOURCE for Khaneh Kahdan Pass « alternatives routes Route No. 1 Bandar Abbas to Shiraz(d). Via Jährüm, Khānch Kahdan, and Mahārlū; about equal in length and regularly used by Sarvistin Jährümb caravans; well supplied with provisions, easy, and in good lateral communication with the main route here described. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 161 Khaneh Khowrdeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070555 coordinate: lat 30.842173 long 53.133633 NIMA/GNS names: Khaneh Khowrdeh , Khaneh Khowreh , Khaneh Khowrreh , Khaneh Khowrreh , Khan-i-Khurreh , خانه خوره , VARIANT names: Khaneh Khowrdeh , Khoneh Khoreh , ※ SOURCE for Khoneh Khoreh « Nothing had been recovered; but I had expected that nothing would. On we plodded down a dreary pass through the storm, until, at length, we sighted a lonely collection of huts and a white caravanserai, which marked Khoneh Khoreh, and cantered in, to find that the mules which started an hour before us had not arrived. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 246 Khaneh Kird : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.453073 long 53.624747 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: this is the approximate location using Abbott's distances and bearing given in the reference below. It appears to be about 1.2kms NW of Khaneh-i-Kat. Google earth imagery is too poor to visually locate the caravanserai. VARIANT names: Khaneh Kird , Khunake Small House , ※ SOURCE for Khaneh Kird « Khaneh Kird, consisting of a tower, a ruined caravanserai, and a well, occurred at the 24th mile; thence, by a gentle ascent over a hard stony road, we crossed some low hills and passed abreast of an island nearly divided in two. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Khunake Small House « Von Neiriz führt eine Straße am Südrande des Neiriz-Salzsees bis nach Shiraz. An dieser Straße liegen im Abstand von jeweils 25 km safavidische Karawansarais, die aber heute fast gänzlich zerstört sind. Ich fand noch 2 Gebäude vor: 91 km von Neiriz liegt einsam die Ruine Khunake Kleines Haus (Abb. 13), ursprünglich ein Geviert von 32: 30 m Seitenlänge mit zwei Reihen Kuppelgewölben um den Mittelhof. Der Eingang ist mit kleinen Türmen versehen, in denen sich tiefe Nischen befinden. Hinter dem Tor führen Treppen zum Dach hinauf. Heute dient das Gebäude einer Hirtenfamilie als Speicher. [A road leads from Neiriz along the southern edge of the Neiriz Salt Lake to Shiraz. There are Safavid caravanserais on this road, each 25 km apart, but they are now almost completely destroyed. I found two more buildings: 91 km from Neiriz is the lonely ruin of Khunake Small House (Fig. 13), originally a square with sides 32:30 m long with two rows of domed vaults around the central courtyard. The entrance has small towers with deep niches. Behind the gate, stairs lead up to the roof. Today the building serves as a storehouse for a shepherd family.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 197 Khaneh Nahr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070654 coordinate: lat 28.8345 long 53.5283 NIMA/GNS names: Khan Nar , Khaneh Nahr , Khaneh Nar , خانه نهر , VARIANT names: Khaneh Nahr , Khaneh Nar , ※ SOURCE for Khaneh Nar « Khaneh Nar » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} « From Asmängird we made our way to Fasā by two marches across a moun- tain chain which had not been previously surveyed. Early during the first march the villages of Sahlābād and Kharg were passed at the mouth of a side- valley draining towards the Tang-i-Tāduvan. There the track, after leading eastwards across the bare glacis of the hills, turned into a small open valley, where were some cairns on higher ground. Then, in a wide open trough below white gypsum hills, a ruined sarai and watch-tower were seen, on ground that at one time had been cultivated with the help of qanāts. Turning up a narrow side-valley to the NW. we reached Khaneh-när, with a spring and some terraced fields cultivated by three Tajik households. Above the head of the little valley a very steep rocky ridge bears the remains of much ruined dwellings built with rough stones and mortar, and designated with the usual name of Qal'a-i-gabri. A cement-lined reservoir at the northern end of the ridge was intended to assure a provision of water.From Khaneh-nar a difficult path led us next morning by a narrow tortuous gully up to the pass of Mil-i-Qāzi (6,000 ft.). It takes its name from a bold natural pinnacle which is passed about a mile from Khaneh-nar. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 136 Khaneh Nahr caravanserai : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.816523 long 53.494532 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: site location uncertain , but also mentioned by Stein VARIANT names: Khaneh Nahr caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Khaneh Nahr caravanserai persian text omitted « It seems that this caravanserai also belongs to the Safavid period. Like the Shah Abbasi caravanserai Khaneh Nahr, it was located on the caravan route to Jahrom. » #3365 Majid Mansouri, Archaeological Survey of the Kordian District, Jahrom, Fars, Iran (In Persian), Payam Baratshenas Magazine, 2015 yr.12: issue 23: ~ p. 89 Khaneh Surkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.148901 long 56.096734 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Khaneh Surkh , Khan-i-Surkh , ※ SOURCE for Khaneh Surkh « Khaneh Surkh » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Bandar_Abbas G-40C 1942} « At 11½miles pass the date plantations of Khaneh Surkh, bordering the road to the south. At 12 miles the caravanserai of the same name is reached. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 27 « Advancing thus 3 furlongs, the road crosses a dry water-course, 10 yards wide and 170 yards further on, another, bed about 30 yards broad, containing pools of brackish water; flow of both southerly. At 3 miles 5 furlongs we pass a caravanserai and a large cistern, called "Khaneh Surkh." The cistern contains good water, but its roof is in a broken and ruined state. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 37 « Khaneh Surkh » in {map#1242 , , , 'BUNDER ABBAS-PUHAL SURVEY ', '(Sd.) B.W. MAINPRISE, Capt. R.E., Octr. 1913.' [?49r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/316, f 49, in Qatar Digital Library fig. Section No. II Suru to the Rud-i-Kul} Khaneh Zenyan : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070583 coordinate: lat 29.6715 long 52.1484 NIMA/GNS names: Khan-e Zenyan , Khaneh Zenyan , Khaneh-ye Zenyan , Khan-i-Zinian , خانه زنیان , VARIANT names: Khaneh Zenyan , Khan-i-Zanyan , Khan-i-Zinyan , ※ SOURCE for Khaneh Zenyan « Khaneh Zenyan » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} ※ SOURCE for Khan-i-Zanyan « 24th February, Khan-i-Zanyan, 3 farsakhs ; 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. We started for Khan-i- Zanyan in a snowstorm. The road ascends into the mountain-tops, and winds among them. Under the grey sky, the rounded slopes and summits reminded me of Irish hill-tops of bog and heather. Five miles from Khan-i-Zanyan the road comes down on the Qara-Agach (6) river, fn. 6 The name is Turkish, and signifies " black tree." Possibly it may have been suggested by the dark branches of the willows which fill the stony bed of the stream. It is one of the largest rivers of Southern Persia. I crossed it twice again on my way to Lar, the last time almost at the end of its explored course, before it enters the unknown country through which it finds its way to the Persian Gulf. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ p. 44 ※ SOURCE for Khan-i-Zinyan « « The muleteer took good care not to start from here for the next stage Khan-i-Zinyan till well after sunrise, for the road passes thro’ what is supposed to be the haunt of the lion. » #3182 Captain John Compton Pyne, A Journal of Three Months’ Walk in Persia in 1884 by Captain John Compton Pyne: Introduction, Notes and Translation, Amsterdam University Press, 2017~ The muleteer took good care not to start from here for the next stage Khan-i-Zinyan till well after sunrise, for the road passes thro’ what is supposed to be the haunt of the lion. » #3182 Captain John Compton Pyne, A Journal of Three Months’ Walk in Persia in 1884 by Captain John Compton Pyne: Introduction, Notes and Translation, Amsterdam University Press, 2017 ~ p. 81 Khaneh-i-Kat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070554 coordinate: lat 29.4464 long 53.6354 NIMA/GNS names: Khaneh Ket , Khaneh Ket Baker , Khaneh Qast , Khaneh-i-Kat , Khani Kat , خانه کت , VARIANT names: Khaneh-i-Kat , Khanh-ye Rokni : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.653696 long 56.6439 NIMA/GNS names: Khaneh-ye Rokni , Khanh-ye Rokni , خانه رکنی , VARIANT names: Khanh-ye Rokni , Khanicheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3766886 coordinate: lat 27.916157 long 52.370868 NIMA/GNS names: Khanicheh , خانیچه , VARIANT names: Khanicheh , Khan-i-Safid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.653165 long 48.700765 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Khan-i-Safid , Khansar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071539 coordinate: lat 29.9301 long 54.1228 NIMA/GNS names: Khansar , Khvansar , خوانسار , VARIANT names: Khansar , Khonsar , ※ SOURCE for Khonsar « From Chahak we turned off to the NW. in order to make our way through the hills towards the Bavānāt district. The track followed on April 18th led first up the gentle slope of a gravel-covered peneplain, and then down over ground equally monotonous in its bareness to Khonsar village, which was reached after a 15 miles' march. It lies in the valley of a stream descending between hill-ranges which both on the north and south attain heights well over 10,000 ft. The same stream above Khonsar provides irrigation for a number of villages, one of which, Borazjūn, under the name of Büdanjan, figures in the accounts of Arab geographers on the route leading from Istakhr to Sirjan already mentioned. Khonsar, although commanding an adequate supply of water, has been reduced to a village of very modest size by malaria, insecurity, and other troubles, such as Afghan raids which are still remem- bered by local tradition. But the remains of a site known as Band-i-Chinār which I visited half a mile higher up on the right bank of the stream, and the ruined village of Hājiābād sighted about 1 miles lower down, showed that in not very distant times Khonsar may have been a place of some size. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 206 Khanuk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070664 coordinate: lat 30.722809 long 56.780342 NIMA/GNS names: Khanuk , Khanuq , خانوک , VARIANT names: Khanuk , Kharaji : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070676 coordinate: lat 32.093464 long 50.830979 NIMA/GNS names: Kharaji , Khariji , Kheraji , خراجی , VARIANT names: Kharaji , Kharanagh Castle : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.345016 long 54.669107 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: org tarikhi kharangh ارگ تاریخی خرانق VARIANT names: Irabad , Kharanagh Castle , ※ SOURCE for Irabad « The 6th, ten p. to a castle called Irabad, [Hirabad,] where we paid half an abacee for each camel. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 216 Kharanaq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070691 coordinate: lat 32.346195 long 54.665749 NIMA/GNS names: Kharanaq , Kharaneq , Kharanoq , Khowraneq , Khurunaq , خرانق , خرانق , خرانق , خورانق , VARIANT names: Carana , Godanna , Kharanaq , ※ SOURCE for Carana « Abends blieben wir zu Carana. Bey diesem Orte ist auff einer Höhe/ein mit vielen Bergen/schönen Garten/und fruchtbaren Weinstocken umbgebenes Sch Schloß gelegen. [In the evening we stayed in Carana. Near this place, on a hill, lies a castle surrounded by many mountains, a beautiful garden, and fertile vineyards.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 64 ※ SOURCE for Godanna « The 8. day we truealled some 14. forsongs to a Towne called Godanna: where we rested that night and the next day and night, and here is also great store of raw silke. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 52 Kharand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070688 coordinate: lat 34.62642 long 48.931 NIMA/GNS names: Kharand , Kheradmand , Khorand , خردمند , خرند , VARIANT names: Kharand , ※ SOURCE for Kharand « At 25 miles is the village of Kharand, 140 houses and one qanāt. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 240 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.9175 long 56.1680556 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Arpez , Garpez , Kharbez , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Kharbez AT Khurbiz lat 26.9175 long 56.1680556 [Floor ]inferred ?]], ※ SOURCE for Arpez see source « Kharbez » below ※ SOURCE for Garpez see source « Kharbez » below ※ SOURCE for Kharbez « Locations on the Safavid and Omani mainland and on the islands (1515) | Revenue (pardaus) | Locations on the Safavid and Omani mainland and on the islands (1543) | Revenue (pardaus) | Revenue (leques or lakh) QESHM ISLAND | Qeshm Island or Brokht (ilha de Qeixa or Broqete) | 300 | Broct | 390 | 10 | | Kharbez (Garpez) on Qeshm Island (3) | 65 | Carbes | 78 | 2 | | Qeshm (Qeixa) on Qeshm Island | 65 | Queixome | 50.7 | 130 hazar | | Laft (Lafete) on Qeshm Island | 200 | Laffet | 241.8 | 6+20 hazar | fn. 3 Garpez (Arpez): Damião de Góis, Crónica do felicissimo rei D. Manuel, 4 vols., (Coimbra: Imprensa da Universidade, 1949-1955), vol. II, ch. 35, p. 122; Arbes: Brás Afonso de Albuquerque, The Commentaries of the Great Afonso D'Alboquerque, Second Viceroy of India, trans. Walter de Gray Birch, 4 vols. (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1875-1884), vol. 1, ch. 49, p. 182; Karuèz: Pedro Teixeira, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira, with his "Kings of Harmuz" and Extracts from his "Kings of Persia", trans. and ed. William F. Sinclair (London: The Hakluyt Society, 1902), p. 65 (probably is Kharbez, ee Mohammad Ali Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bandar Abbas va Khalij-e Fars, ed. Ahmad qtedari, 2 vols. (in one) (Tehran: Ebn Sina, 1342/1963), p. 128 » #2891 Willem Floor, Two Revenue Lists from Hormuz (1515, 1543), in: ed. Rudi MATTHEE and Jorge FLORES, Portugal, the Persian Gulf and Safavid Persia, Peeters, Brussels, 2011, pp. 81-98 ~ p.83 Khar-e Shotor Zar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3764771 coordinate: lat 31.711748 long 49.398483 NIMA/GNS names: Eskandarabad , Khar-e Shotor Zar , Mo'asseseh-ye Damdari Va Morgh Dari-ye Hudad , Niayesh , خار شتر زار , نیایش , VARIANT names: Khar-e Shotor Zar , Khari Shutur Zir , ※ SOURCE for Khari Shutur Zir « Khari Shutur Zir » in {map#1363 in #3538 Captain H. E. Wells, Surveying Tours in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, vol. 5:no. 3:pp. 138-163 ~ fig. map to accompany article} Kharg Island : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3070760 coordinate: lat 29.238883 long 50.312946 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Kharg , Jazireh Khark , Jazireh-e-Khark , Jazireh-ye Kharg , Jazireh-ye Khark , Kharg Island , Kharij , Khark , جزيره خارك , خارك , VARIANT names: Aracia , Arakia , Areek , Carac , Carack I. , Carichij , Carrge , Charick , Corgam , Corick , Ifle of Carek , Iland, called Carreghe , Ilha Cargue , Karak , Karek , Kharag , Kharak , Kharg Island , Kharidj , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Karek FOR Sophtha [Gossellin, Findlay, Vincent?], ※ SOURCE for Aracia « 23.Kharak (Kharag). It's 4 miles. long and approx. 2 wide and is 31 miles. N.W. W. of Büshir (29° 15' 25" N. 50° 20' 10" E.L.v., measured from the fort). … Pliny, calling it Aracia, mentions an "ancient mountain sacred to Neptune," » #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~p. 388 ※ SOURCE for Arakia « Arakia [Ptolemaeus]» #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ De plaatsnamen door Roobacker genoemd en de overeenkomstige op oudere en nieuwere kaarten. [The place names mentioned by Robacker and the corresponding ones on older and newer maps.] table after p. 380 « Among the three islands of the Persian Gulf Ptolemy (6.4.8) mentions Αλεξάνδρου ή κα? ?ρακία.(1) Previously it was believed that this could be identified with the island of IKARO S that is mentioned by Arrian (7.20.4) and Strabo (16.3.2).(2) However, the Danish excavations on the island of Failaka have demonstrated that Failaka should be identified with Ikaros. In fact, it is now generally agreed that Arakia should be identified with the island of Kharg in the Gulf. E. Haerinck has suggested there was a Palmyrene colony on Kharg;(3) we do not know if earlier there was a Graeco- Macedonian colony on the island. In general see R. Ghirshman, CRAI (1958) 261-68; id., RA (1959) 70-72; Le Rider, Suse 432; E. Haerinck, IrAnt 11 (1975) 134-67; P. Bernard, Topoi 5 (1995) 403-8; M.-J. Steve, Kharg 7-9. fn. 1. Marcianus of Herakleia (1.24 in GGM 1:530) provides the same information with the addition of the word ν?σος (Ενταῦθα παράκειται ν?σος Αλεξάνδρου καλουμένη). Moses of Chorene refers to this island as Alexandreia (Eranshahr 32, ed. Marquart, p. 138). Pliny (NH 6.111) mentions the islands of Psilos, Kassandra, and Aracha in the Persian Gulf facing Persis. For the toponym cf., for example, Alexandrou Nesos and Alexandrou Chorion in the Fayum (Dizionario "Alexandrou Chorion"). S.VV. "Alexandrou Nesos" and fn. 2. For the identification of Arakia with Ikaros see, for example, Ghirshman, RA (1959) 70-72. For the identification of Arakia with Kharg see, for example, Le Rider, Suse 432 n. 2; Haerinck, IrAnt 11 (1975) 135; Steve, Kharg 8. fn. 3. For Haerinck's suggestion that there was a Palmyrene colony on Kharg see IrAnt (1975) 148-49 n. 52. » #2858 Getzel M. Cohen, The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2013 ~ chap. IV, Alexandrou Nesos Arakia pp. 183-4 ※ SOURCE for Areek « Areek » in {map#1022 Persische Golf, Compiled by Jan de Marre. Published in Amsterdam by Johannes van Keulen, 1753, The Hague, Nationaal Archief, 4.VEL S6B 033 kaart(13)} ※ SOURCE for Carac « Carac, Karek, Karak [Fransche Geografen der 18 de EEUW]» #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ De plaatsnamen door Roobacker genoemd en de overeenkomstige op oudere en nieuwere kaarten. [The place names mentioned by Robacker and the corresponding ones on older and newer maps.] table after p. 380 ※ SOURCE for Carack I. « Carack I. » in {map#997 [Carte anglaise du golfe Persique] / Made by John Thornton at the Signe of the Platt in the Minories, John Thornton, 1699, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 5 RES} see AHduGP map 87 ※ SOURCE for Carichij « On departing from Basora we sailed 200 miles along the left shore of the gulf, having the open sea on our right hand, till we came to an island called Carichij or Karak, whence we continued our vovage to Ormuz, always keeping the Persian shore in sight on our left, and seeing many islands on our right hand towards Arabia. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 7 p. 148 ※ SOURCE for Carrge « Carrge » in {map#832 Northwestern Indian Ocean, including Red Sea and Persian Gulf, parts of Africa and Arabia., Joan Martines, 1575-1599, The Huntington Library mssHM 33 ff. 14} see AHduGP map 35 ※ SOURCE for Charick « Charick [Roobacker]» #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ De plaatsnamen door Roobacker genoemd en de overeenkomstige op oudere en nieuwere kaarten. [The place names mentioned by Robacker and the corresponding ones on older and newer maps.] table after p. 380 ※ SOURCE for Corgam « Corgam is probably the island of Kharak and its immediate neighbour, the small island of Kharaku or Corgo, a group not far from Bushire. Its position has given it importance from time to time, and it became an important trading centre under the Dutch after they had been expelled from Basra in 1748. It was also temporarily occupied by the English in 1838 and 1857. (See Curzon's Persia, II, pp. 403-405.) (Not in the Spanish version or Ribero's map.) » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol. 1 p. 77 note 1 « Ses pilotes guidaient les bateaux au long cours dans les passes du Chatt cl-Arab ; la plupart des hommes de Khârg vivaient de ce métier (119). fn. 119 Tenreiro, p. 109. et plus en détail, Tiugem por terra. 6d. Perry Vidal, p. 119-120, éd. L. Ribeiro, p. 117-118; Barros, IV/3-13, p. 163; Teixeira, II, p. 71. En 1843, le bâtiment de Ifontanier, J’oyage dam l’Inde et dam le Golfe Permpe, tome 1, p. 167, utilise les pilotes de Khârg. Persian GuV Pilot, éd. 1864, p. 217; Lorimer. II, p. 1020. etc. Duarte Barbosa insère ‘Corgam’ sans autre détail dans la liste des possessions d’Ormuz. » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Corick « Corick » in {map#1086 Carte anglaise du Golfe Persique, Anonyme anglais, 1600-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 2 RES} see AHduGP map 85 « Corick » in {map#1097 19 Persia, Arabia, Felix, Hacke, William., 1690?, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. G2201.P5 H3 1690} ※ SOURCE for Ifle of Carek « The Ifle of Carek reaches in length, from South-Eaft to North-West; it is very narrow, and about three or four Leagues in compafs: it is about twelve Leagues from Bender-Regb, and fifty from Baffera. This Island is partly hilly and partly plain, it produces Wheat, Barley, Dates, and good Grapes, there is very good water upon it alfo, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thevenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 171 ※ SOURCE for Iland, called Carreghe « And the same day, we arrived at an Iland, called Carreghe ... The sixe and twentieth day, we landed in the Iland of Carege: and there is great store of Onions, and Wells of fresh water; and in the middle of the Iland is a Casal. The Iland is about two miles broad and two miles long. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 457 ※ SOURCE for Ilha Cargue « E da vila Reixete até a foz do rio Eufrates, que será espaço de cinqüenta e oito léguas, está a Ilha Cargue, notável neste mar, que distará da terra firme cinco léguas, e da vila Reixete quinze » #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946, ~ vol. 3 p. 316 ※ SOURCE for Karak see source « Carac » « I remained about a fortnight at Karak, making many agreeable acquaintances among the officers, and spending my time very pleasantly in their society and in that of Colonel Hennell. On Christ-mas Day I dined with Commodore Brucks, who commanded the squadron of the East India Com-pany's navy in the Persian Gulf. His flag was hoisted on the 'Coote,' a corvette on which I had passed a day as a boy, some eight years before, when she was in the Thames. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 470 ※ SOURCE for Karek see source « Carac » ※ SOURCE for Kharag « Finally, the Dutch also threatened the Company's position in the Gulf. By 1754 the Dutch had established themselves at Kharag, an island in the northern part of the Persian Gulf, where they energetically engaged in trade and presented a most serious challenge to the Company's position. (122) Fn. 122 The Dutch Settlement at Kharag will be discussed in Appendix 1 of this work. » #2977 Abdul Amir Amin, British Interests in the Persian Gulf 1747-1778 - thesis, University of Maryland, 1962 ~ p. 58 « Kharag [Admiralty]» #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ De plaatsnamen door Roobacker genoemd en de overeenkomstige op oudere en nieuwere kaarten. [The place names mentioned by Robacker and the corresponding ones on older and newer maps.] table after p. 380 ※ SOURCE for Kharak « Kharak [Arabische Geografen]» #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ De plaatsnamen door Roobacker genoemd en de overeenkomstige op oudere en nieuwere kaarten. [The place names mentioned by Robacker and the corresponding ones on older and newer maps.] table after p. 380 « The map of the Persian Sea is an enlarged version of a portion of the world map,(66) although there are enough differences in the shape of the ocean in the two maps to necessitate some explanation. Three large islands — Kharak, Awal (Bahrain), and Laft (Qishm Island) — are set symmetrically in what is the Arabian Sea, with the Tigris to the left and the Indus to the right. India and China coalesce into one narrow peninsula, matching Arabia on the other side. The attempt is probably to match the Mediterranean on the other side of the world. Hence India also has a large mountain (Adam's Peak) to match the Jabal al-Qilal near the Strait of Gibraltar. This is the Indian Ocean map in the first recension (Istakhri I). fn. 66. For al-IstakhrI's maps, see Miller, Mappae arabicae, Band 3, Beiheft, Taf. 22 (except Gotha)), 23, and 24 (except Berlin2 and Paris2) (note 14). » #2054 David Woodward, The History of Cartography, University of Chicago Press, Chicago:London, 2007 ~ vol. 2 p. 122 ※ SOURCE for Kharidj detailed map in #1839 Morgan, Jacques de, Mission scientifique en Perse Tome Second Études Géographiques, Ernest Leroux, Paris, 1895 vol. 2: ~ Fig . 145. - Carte de l'île Kháridj p. 303 Khargu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070741 coordinate: lat 27.516175 long 53.25235 NIMA/GNS names: Khargu , Kheyrgu , خیرگو , VARIANT names: Khargu , ※ SOURCE for Khargu « Khargu » in {map#1317 GSGS 4340 SOUTHERN ASIA 1:2 000 000 SOUTH IRAN, War Office, London, 1945, } Khargu Island : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3070771 coordinate: lat 29.3226 long 50.3462 NIMA/GNS names: Jazireh-ye Khargu , Jazireh-ye Kharku , Khargu Island , جزيره خاركو , VARIANT names: Cargoe , Cargou , Corgon , Kargou , Khargu Island , Kharj , Khauwairig , klein Areek , Korgo , y carga , ※ SOURCE for Cargoe « Cargoe [Roobacker]» #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ De plaatsnamen door Roobacker genoemd en de overeenkomstige op oudere en nieuwere kaarten. [The place names mentioned by Robacker and the corresponding ones on older and newer maps.] table after p. 380 ※ SOURCE for Cargou « Cargou, Kargou, Korgo [Fransche Geografen der 18 de EEUW]» #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ De plaatsnamen door Roobacker genoemd en de overeenkomstige op oudere en nieuwere kaarten. [The place names mentioned by Robacker and the corresponding ones on older and newer maps.] table after p. 380 ※ SOURCE for Corgon « Corgon » in {map#1092 A draught of the gulf of Persia from cape Rosulgatt to Busero river, Anonymous English, 1721, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE SH 18 PF 209 DIV 2 P 11 D} see AHduGP map 91 ※ SOURCE for Kargou see source « Cargou » ※ SOURCE for Kharj y carga [Portuguese name] Kharj [Arab name] Khargu [modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Khauwairig « Khauwairig [Arabische Geografen]» #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ De plaatsnamen door Roobacker genoemd en de overeenkomstige op oudere en nieuwere kaarten. [The place names mentioned by Robacker and the corresponding ones on older and newer maps.] table after p. 380 ※ SOURCE for klein Areek « klein Areek » in {map#1022 Persische Golf, Compiled by Jan de Marre. Published in Amsterdam by Johannes van Keulen, 1753, The Hague, Nationaal Archief, 4.VEL S6B 033 kaart(13)} ※ SOURCE for Korgo see source « Cargou » ※ SOURCE for y carga y carga [Portuguese name] Kharj [Arab name] Khargu [modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 «172 — a carga » in #2661 Luís De Albuquerque e Maria Catarina Henriques Dos Santos, Atlas de Lazaro Luis 1563 Códice da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, A Academia, 1990 ~ Toponómos e Legendas das Folhas Cartográficas do Atlas « a carga » in {map#884 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 5V., Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see PMC vol. 2 EST 216 and AHduGP map 31 « E da vila Reixete até a foz do rio Eufrates, que será espaço de cinquenta e oito léguas, está a Ilha Cargue, notável neste mar, que distará da terra firme cinco léguas, e da vila Reixete quinze: e mais adiante, seguindo a costa, Mahar onde entra um rio, e depois Dirtau, Ancuza, Turaco, e o Rio Charom, [And from Vila Reixete to the mouth of the river Eufrates, which will be a space of fifty-eight leagues, is Ilha Cargue, remarkable in this sea, which will be five leagues from the mainland, and from Vila Reixete fifteen: and further on, following the coast , Mahar where a river enters, and then Dirtau, Ancuza, Turaco, and the River Charom,] » #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ vol. 3 p. 316 Khargun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3195416 coordinate: lat 26.9244444 long 56.9491667 VARIANT names: Karrnon , Karroon , Khargun , Neoptana , ※ SOURCE for Karrnon « After passing this promontory[Cape Mussledom], Nearchus anchored at a place called Neoptana, now known by the name of Karroon[n. Karrnon, in 26° 53' N. in Mr. G. B. Bruck's Chart of the Persian Gulf(1830). » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 p. 273 this is about 12.5 km from the mouth of the Minab river ※ SOURCE for Karroon « After passing this promontory[Cape Mussledom], Nearchus anchored at a place called Neoptana, now known by the name of Karroon[n. Karrnon, in 26° 53' N. in Mr. G. B. Bruck's Chart of the Persian Gulf(1830). » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 p. 273 this is about 12.5 km from the mouth of the Minab river ※ SOURCE for Neoptana « After passing this promontory[Cape Mussledom], Nearchus anchored at a place called Neoptana, now known by the name of Karroon[n. Karrnon, in 26° 53' N. in Mr. G. B. Bruck's Chart of the Persian Gulf(1830). » (#253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 p. 273) this is about 12.5 km from the mouth of the Minab river Khasab : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: RGN UFI: -787654 coordinate: lat 26.179926 long 56.247736 NIMA/GNS names: Al Khasab , Al Khasal , Khasab , خصب , VARIANT names: Caçapo , Casaab , Cassapeo , Cassapo , Chagumban, casapo chagudim , Chaszab , Gaçapa , Hassebeh , Kassaab , Khasab , Roeykort , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khasab FOR Laços [William Lancaster, Fidelity Lancaster], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khasab FOR Regma, Regama Polis [Groom], ※ SOURCE for Caçapo « coasting along to the mouth of the Bay of Caçapo¹ they saw two large sails out at sea fn. 1 Khasab, some 18 miles S.W. of Ras Musandam. It is the modern Elphinstone Inlet where a cable station was once established which was soon abandoned owing to its occupants being driven to death or madness by the extreme heat. It has the reputation of being one of the hottest places in the world. » #230 Boxer, C. R., Commentaries of Ruy Freyre de Andrada, The Broadway Travellers, George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1930 ~ p.52 ※ SOURCE for Casaab « Shehaheen tribe, residing at Casaab,Koomza, and Ras Musseldom, resolved to despatch a naval force to blockade their ports, » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 335 « Kassáb, i, e. Butcher (?) Casaab in the charts of the Persian Gulf » #1128 Whitelock, Lieut. H. H., Descriptive Sketch of the Islands and Coast at the entrance of the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1838 8:170-84 ~ p. 183 footnoteKassáb, i, e. Butcher (?) Map created in 1832. It was written in English and Arabic. #2587 Original surveys by Lieutenants John Michael Guy, George Barnes Brucks, Robert Cogan, William Eales Rogers and Stafford Bettesworth Haines, 1821-29, 'Chart of The Gulf of Persia.' IOR/X/3635/35/1-2, James Horsburgh, Hydrographer to the Honourable East India Company, 1832 ~ ※ SOURCE for Cassapeo « Withal however, as soon as they learnt of the coming of the General Ruy Freyre, although they had an immense force of terradas and terranquins in Soar (which they were already in possession of), they im- mediately disbanded it, evacuated some Forts that they had near Muscat, and withdrew with all the forces that they could collect to the strongholds of Corofacão, Dobba, Lima, Cassapeo, Ranuz and Iulufar¹ fn.1 Corofacao is Khor Fakkan, Dobba is Dibah, and Lima is Limah; all these are small ports on the Eastern Oman coast between Sohar and Cape Ras Musandam, whilst Cassapeo is Khasab (v. p. 52, note 1), Ranuz is apparently the same as Rams (v. p. 51, note 4) and Julfa or Ras al Khaimah has already been dealt with on p. 51, note 4). These last three are on the W. or Trucial Oman Coast." » #230 Boxer, C.R., Commentaries of Ruy Freyre de Andrada, The Broadway Travellers, George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1930 p181 ※ SOURCE for Cassapo « Com a queda de Mascate, o sistema de defesa fundado em fortificaçõ es ao longo da costa arábica degradou-se consideravelmente. A deterioraçã o do sistema criado por Rui Freire de Andrade entre 1623 e 1632, contribuiu, na prática, para reduzir a influência hegemó nica portuguesa no Golfo, que ficou circunscrita a um pequeno enclave em Cassapo e uma feitoria no porto do Kong. » [With the fall of Muscat, the defense system based on fortifications along the Arabian coast deteriorated considerably. The deterioration of the system created by Rui Freire de Andrade between 1623 and 1632, contributed, in practice, to reduce the Portuguese hegemonic influence in the Gulf, which was limited to a small enclave in Cassapo and a trading post in the port of Kong.] #2538 Ibrahim Yahya Zahran Al-Busaidi, Thesis:Oman e Portugal (1650-1730): política e economia, Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 2010 ~ about p. 94 e carta do capitão gr.al Antonio de Souza coutinho se não hauia conceguido effeiío de conçideração e que hauendosse tomado a fortalesa do Cassapo (1 ) se tornara a largar por hauer acodido o Arábio a Serra, e hauerense largado por treyção do Irmão do Xeque do mesmo cassapo, fn. (1 ) Escreve A. Botelho de Sousa: “ Entretanto, mandava (o governador António de Sousa Coutinho) tratar com o xeque Melique, senhor das terras vizinhas de Cassapo, para que se reduzisse à obediência de El-Rei, mas sem êxito. Foi então o governador sobre Cassapo, onde surgiu na tarde de 13 de Julho (1652) ; de noite saiu no seu balão a reconhecer as disposições da defesa, e no dia seguinte mandou desembarcar as forças ao mando de António Barreto Pereira, as quais tomaram posse da fortaleza. No dia seguinte co¬ meçou a obra para melhorar a defesa do porto e fortaleza. Tinham-se feito dois baluartes quando, em 28 de Agosto, chegou o poder do Imamo, e se resolveu em conselho abandonar o porto. ( Cit- Subsidio para a História dos Guerras, p. 263) [(1 ) Writes A. Botelho de Sousa: “In the meantime, he ordered (Governor António de Sousa Coutinho) to deal with Sheikh Melique, lord of the neighboring lands of Cassapo, so that he would be reduced to the obedience of the King, but without success. He was then governor over Cassapo, where he emerged on the afternoon of the 13th of July (1652); At night he left in his balloon to recognize the defense provisions, and the next day he ordered the forces commanded by António Barreto Pereira to disembark, who took possession of the fortress. The next day he began work to improve the defense of the harbor and fortress. Two bulwarks had been built when, on the 28th of August, the power of the Imam arrived, and it was decided in council to leave the port. (Cit- Subsidy for the History of Wars, p. 263)] #1349 Pissurlencar, P. (ed.), Assentos do Conselho do Estado da India, Goa, 1951 5 vols. ~ vol. 3 p. 210 ※ SOURCE for Chagumban, casapo chagudim « Places on the Arab coast of the Persian Gulf Chagumban, casapo chagudim Rancu, Racolima (=lima?) [Portuguese name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 100 « Chagumban. In Portuguese ch- is pronounced like sh- in English. Tibbetts noted that a variant of Chagumban found in other Portuguese sources is casapo chagudim. Over thirty years ago J.C. Wilkinson identified casapo with Khasab (11). If this is correct, then clearly the author of the 1519 map has transposed Chagumban, which ought to be north of Julfar. » #869 Potts, D. T., The Gulf Coast of the United Arab Emirates in the Homem-Reinels Atlas of 1519, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 1996 7:119-23 ~ p.121 ※ SOURCE for Chaszab From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « Chaszab is a small place with a small fortress in which a captain and about 30 to 40 soldiers are garrisoned. Its walls are made of stone and clay, constructed in a square of 5 fathoms high; it has no cannon, however. It is situated in a valley where there are plenty of date trees. Under them they have built their dwellings or cabins after the Indian fashion. Some are made of stone and clay, others of branches of datetrees; they are about 8 to 9 feet high and are at a distance of 10 roods from each other. Their number is estimated to be 50 to 60. It is situated at 26 degrees and 9 minutes Northern latitude between puncto de (7) and a river Ciebij (8), which puncto and river are situated at about 2½ miles distance from each other (3368). fn. 7 The copyist has dropped a word here, viz. Doggebay. I have been unable to explain this name, but clearly the authors of the journal refer to Ras Shaikh Mas'ud. In a little bight at the northern end of the cape is the tomb of the Shaikh from which it takes its name. fn. 8 Sibi river or Khor al-Sham is meant here. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p.299 ※ SOURCE for Gaçapa « Une citation de Barros (da Asia, décade III, livre IV, chapitre IV) nous permettra de compléter la liste de ces localités : "En doublant le Cap Macendam, nous trouvons trois localités importantes : d'abord Camuzar et Gaçapa, très rapprochées l'une de l'autre, petits villages de pêcheurs de perles, puis Julfar qui, par le nombre important de ses habitants, rapporte au roi de Hormuz un (revenu) double de celui des autres localités". Faut-il identifier Camuzar () avec Kunza, petit village proche de Ras-Macendam? Le mot Gaçapa signifie en arabe: village, ce qui rend bien difficile l’identification de oette localité. » #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, Bruxelles, 1949 ~ p.12 ※ SOURCE for Hassebeh « (ix) Also, nobody will prevent that Arabs aid or serve Persians or that Persians aid or serve Arabs. Further, that the Portuguese may not be molested, be it ashore or at sea, in the entire area from Roeykort,(10) now called Hassebeh (Khasab], till the ports before mentioned. Moreover, if somebody departs from of these any port out of disgust of some matter Capoer will accommodate this as re- quired and give such a person a note of recommendation, to return in peace. If Capoer fails in this respect, and such a person suffers damage or grief the former will have to indemnify him. fn. 10 Barbosa, The Book, vol. 1, p. 72 has Roçaque (the Spanish version Rosach). Barbosa's translator was identify this name and suggested that it was a ruined nameless town near Sohar. The treaty te was the older name for Khasab. » #1596 Floor, Willem, The Persian Gulf: A Political and Economic History of Five Port Cities 1500-1730, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2006 ~ p. 432 « Ten anderen, en sal men niet verhinderen ofte verbieden by de Persianen, Arabers ofte by Arabers Persianen tot hulpe ofte in dienst gebruyckt te werden; item, dat van de gantsche streeck van Roeykort, nu Hassebeh (1) genaempt, tot aen de bandaers ofte poorten voornoemd, 't sy ter zee ofte lande, de Francken geen molestatie aengedaen sal werden. Van gelycken, soo in eenige der poorten yemandt uut disgouste van den eenen ofte den anderen uyt sijn plaetsen naer een der ander poorten sich vertrock, sal Capoer de saecke naer eysch acomoderen ende deselve een brieffken van recommandatie verleenen, omme in sijn plaetse in ruste te keeren ende soo hier by Capoer eenich manquement gepleecht weirdt, waerover de selve eenige schade ofte leet quamen te lyden, sal de schade gemelten Capoer te laste comen. fn. 1 Deze plaatsnam en kan ik niet identifieeren. [Secondly, and shall not be prevented or forbidden from being used by the Persians, Arabs or by Arabs Persians for help or service; item, that of the gantsche streeck van Roeykort, now called Hassebeh (1), until aen the bandaers or the ports mentioned above, whether by sea or land, the Francs will not be molested. Van gelycken, soo in any of the gates yemandt uut disgouste of one or the other uyt his places after one of the other gates departed, Capoer will accommodate the saecke to eysch and grant them a letter of recommendation, to put me in his place in peace Turning and de soo here by Capoer a ich defect has been committed weirdt, about which the self may suffer some damage or to suffer, the damage will be borne by Capoer. fn. 1 This place took and I cannot identify..] » #2780 Rijks geschiedkundige publicatiën Grote serie · Volume 72 Bronnen tot de geschiedenis der Oostindische Compagnie in Perzie, 1611-1638., Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1930 ~ p. 685 ※ SOURCE for Kassaab « KHASAB In English formerly known as "Kassaab." A small town on the coast of the 'Oman Sultanate, the capital of the Bani Haidiyah section of the Shihüh tribe, situated on the south side of a great bay which forms the approach to Khor-ash-Sham on the western coast of the Ruus-al-Jibal district. » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 1051 ※ SOURCE for Khasab « The Persians also seized Khor Fakkan from the Portuguese in 1622, but their success was short-lived. In 1623 Ruy Freire de Andrade ejected the Persians from Khor Fakkan though he was himself shortly afterwards displaced by an Arab force under the first imam of the Ya'ruba dynasty in Oman, Nasir ibn Murshid. In 1631 the Portuguese built a fort at Julfar, having apparently regained this port with a view to mounting an attack on Hormuz from it. The Portuguese also had minor forts at Kalba and Dibbah. » #6 Hawley, Donald, The Trucial States, Allen and Unwin, London, 1970 ~ p. 75 #170 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Khasab Water Supply Scheme, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1974 ~ « Most places are already mentioned in Balbi's list of 1580. Dutch ships explored the coast just South from the deep inlet of A1 Khasab in 1645 and visited the villages of Qidi and Bukha. To the North from there, deep into a fjord, is the town of A1 Khasab, which belonged to the Portuguese until just after the fall of Muscat in 1650. The Dutch visited it in 1666 when the fortress had a garrison of the Imam of Oman.(157) fn. 157 Khasab is already mentioned in c.1541/1543 in Aubin, 'Royaume d'Ormuz', p. 219, which gives its revenue. ARA VOC vol. 1259, fol. 3367 (visit of 1666 = Floor, 'First contacts', p. 299). » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 46 « The expulsion of the Portuguese from the Oman coast gave the Omanis their first chance to take a proper share in the burgeoning Indian Ocean trade. With a nucleus of captured Portuguese ships, manned in part by renegade Europeans, although there was no lack of local talent, they quickly took to sea and, in 1652, passing down the East African coast, made their first devastating attack on the Portuguese abroad, at Zanzibar. Whilst this was in progress a major effort was being made by the Portuguese to recoup their position in the Gulf. All types of vessels were sent until the sheer size of the fleet gathered there effectively suppressed all Omani marine movement. An arrangement with the Shaykh of Khasab, in 1652, to cede them territory on which to build a Fort was voided by the arrival of an Imamate force which obliged the Portuguese to abandon their shore position and take to sea. By February 1653 their blockade was so successful that it was reported that the Imam was considering a truce. However, before this became absolutely necessary the threat was removed by the recurrence of the Portuguese war with the Dutch. » #2816 Bathurst, Raymond Denis, The Ya’rubi dynasty of Oman, (unpublished thesis), University of Oxford, 1967 ~ #2816 Bathurst, Raymond Denis, The Ya’rubi dynasty of Oman, (unpublished thesis), University of Oxford, 1967 ~ Abstract pp. iii and iv ※ SOURCE for Roeykort « (ix) Also, nobody will prevent that Arabs aid or serve Persians or that Persians aid or serve Arabs. Further, that the Portuguese may not be molested, be it ashore or at sea, in the entire area from Roeykort,(10) now called Hassebeh (Khasab], till the ports before mentioned. Moreover, if somebody departs from of these any port out of disgust of some matter Capoer will accommodate this as re- quired and give such a person a note of recommendation, to return in peace. If Capoer fails in this respect, and such a person suffers damage or grief the former will have to indemnify him. fn. 10 Barbosa, The Book, vol. 1, p. 72 has Roçaque (the Spanish version Rosach). Barbosa's translator was identify this name and suggested that it was a ruined nameless town near Sohar. The treaty te was the older name for Khasab. » #1596 Floor, Willem, The Persian Gulf: A Political and Economic History of Five Port Cities 1500-1730, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2006 ~ p. 432 « Ten anderen, en sal men niet verhinderen ofte verbieden by de Persianen, Arabers ofte by Arabers Persianen tot hulpe ofte in dienst gebruyckt te werden; item, dat van de gantsche streeck van Roeykort, nu Hassebeh (1) genaempt, tot aen de bandaers ofte poorten voornoemd, 't sy ter zee ofte lande, de Francken geen molestatie aengedaen sal werden. Van gelycken, soo in eenige der poorten yemandt uut disgouste van den eenen ofte den anderen uyt sijn plaetsen naer een der ander poorten sich vertrock, sal Capoer de saecke naer eysch acomoderen ende deselve een brieffken van recommandatie verleenen, omme in sijn plaetse in ruste te keeren ende soo hier by Capoer eenich manquement gepleecht weirdt, waerover de selve eenige schade ofte leet quamen te lyden, sal de schade gemelten Capoer te laste comen. fn. 1 Deze plaatsnam en kan ik niet identifieeren. [Secondly, and shall not be prevented or forbidden from being used by the Persians, Arabs or by Arabs Persians for help or service; item, that of the gantsche streeck van Roeykort, now called Hassebeh (1), until aen the bandaers or the ports mentioned above, whether by sea or land, the Francs will not be molested. Van gelycken, soo in any of the gates yemandt uut disgouste of one or the other uyt his places after one of the other gates departed, Capoer will accommodate the saecke to eysch and grant them a letter of recommendation, to put me in his place in peace Turning and de soo here by Capoer a ich defect has been committed weirdt, about which the self may suffer some damage or to suffer, the damage will be borne by Capoer. fn. 1 This place took and I cannot identify..] » #2780 Rijks geschiedkundige publicatiën Grote serie · Volume 72 Bronnen tot de geschiedenis der Oostindische Compagnie in Perzie, 1611-1638., Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1930 ~ p. 685 Khasab 17 : arch. site OMN UTM: DD250974 converted to coordinate: lat 26.194132975943 long 56.2493571642007 VARIANT names: Khasab 17 , ※ SOURCE for Khasab 17 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 38 Khasab 17c : arch. site OMN UTM: DD266995 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2131762391204 long 56.2652508003728 VARIANT names: Khasab 17c , ※ SOURCE for Khasab 17c #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 39 Khasab 17d : arch. site OMN UTM: DD258973 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1932716413414 long 56.2573692065965 VARIANT names: Khasab 17d , ※ SOURCE for Khasab 17d #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 39 Khasab Dib Dibbah 17a : arch. site OMN UTM: DD2589979 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1986889535634 long 56.2573348459975 VARIANT names: Khasab Dib Dibbah 17a , ※ SOURCE for Khasab Dib Dibbah 17a #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 38 Check utm 7 digits Khasab Jabal 17b : arch. site OMN UTM: DD258979 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1986889535634 long 56.2573348459975 VARIANT names: Khasab Jabal 17b , ※ SOURCE for Khasab Jabal 17b #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 39 Khashm-e-Ahmadi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3052076 coordinate: lat 29.2349 long 50.7361 NIMA/GNS names: Ahsham Ahmad , Ahsham-e Ahmad , Ahsham-e Ahmadi , Khashm Ajhmadi , Khashm-e-Ahmadi , احشام احمد , احشام احمدی , VARIANT names: Khashm Ahmadi , Khashm-e-Ahmadi , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khashm-e-Ahmadi FOR Mahar [De Lagoa], ※ SOURCE for Khashm Ahmadi « Fars contains the salt lakes of Niriz or Bakatigan and Mahar-Lu in the vicinity of Shiraz and the Daria-i-Parishan near Kazarun which is also said to be salt. The main rivers are the Kara Aghach and its tributaries, which becomes the Mand river and pours into the Gulf at Khur Ziarat; the Band Amir with its two large tributaries, the Pulvar and the Kur, which empties its waters into the Daria-i-Niriz; the Rüdhilleh which flows into the Gulf near Khashm Ahmadi; and the upper branches of the Hindian river. » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 A-K p. 318 « Khashm Ahmadi | pop. Pl. Iran | 29 14 50 44 | Ahmadi » #2823 United States. Office of Geography, A Gazetteer of Arabia, Iraq, Iran, and Parts of Pakistan, and India, 1948 ~ p. 152 « KHASHM AHMADI-LAT 29° 12' N.; LONG. 50° 44' E.; ELEV. A village in the Rudhilleh district of Fars, on the right bank of the Rüdhil- leh stream, at its mouth. It consists of 100 houses inhabited by Bani Hajir and Bani Tamim Arabs, who cultivate wheat and barley, and own 40 horses, 150 donkeys and some boats.-(Persian Gulf Gazetteer, 1908.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 A - K p. 553 Khasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10389261 coordinate: lat 27.241962 long 53.446182 Supplement: Abandoned Populated Place (PPLQ) NIMA/GNS names: Khasht , خشت , VARIANT names: Khasht , Khatibi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070841 coordinate: lat 27.3464 long 53.1852 NIMA/GNS names: Khatibi , Khatimi , Khatimi , Mahalleh-ye Khatibi , خطیمی , محله خطیبی , VARIANT names: Khatibi , Khatmat Malahah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787668 coordinate: lat 24.973901 long 56.364941 NIMA/GNS names: Khatam Malahah , Khatmat al Malahah , Khatmat Malahah , Khatmat Milahah , Khitmat Milahah , Khitmat Milahah border checkpoint , خطمة ملاحة , VARIANT names: Khatmat Malahah , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khatmat Malahah FOR Maharac [author], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khatmat Malahah FOR Mahame [author], ※ SOURCE for Khatmat Malahah « 11.22 Khatmat Malahah (24°59'N., 56°21'E.) is a dark ridge of hills sloping down to the coast. The border between Oman and United Arab Emirates lies in the vicinity of this ridge. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p.249 Khatunabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070856 coordinate: lat 30.008 long 55.421 NIMA/GNS names: Khatunabad , خاتون آباد , VARIANT names: Khatunabad , Khatunak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070860 coordinate: lat 29.53173558 long 52.51846779 NIMA/GNS names: Khatunak , خاتونک , VARIANT names: Khatunak , ※ SOURCE for Khatunak « Khatunak » in {map#1232 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, parts of Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1915, Qatar Digital Library fig. Sheet No. 17 1915} [Khatunak marks norh end of marsh lake west of Pul-i-Fasa and Mahulu lake, Taliun being at sothern end. PBR] Khavidak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070875 coordinate: lat 31.800114 long 54.508153 NIMA/GNS names: Khavidak , Khavirak , خويدك , خويرك , VARIANT names: Khavidak , Khawr al `Udayd : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: INLT UFI: -784482 coordinate: lat 24.6 long 51.4 NIMA/GNS names: Khawr al `Udayd , Khawr al `Udayd , Khawr al `Uwayd , Khawr al Wutayd , Khor al `Udaid , Khor al `Udeid , Khor al Odaid , Khor al Odeid , Khor al Ubeid , Khor al Wutaid , VARIANT names: Khawr al `Udayd , Khawr al Khuwayr : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: INLT UFI: -783411 coordinate: lat 25.963611 long 56.031389 NIMA/GNS names: Khawr al Khuwayr , Khor al Kouwair , Khor al-Khawir , Khor Khowair , VARIANT names: Khawr al Khuwayr , ※ SOURCE for Khawr al Khuwayr « I therefore suggest that the term Sir within Balbi’s Sircorcor is indeed al-Sirr and while it may signify the old usage whereby al-Sirr was a region, it is more likely that in c. 1580 it was a synonym for the town of Julfâr itself. Either way, I conclude that Balbi’s Sircorcor was in fact two places, i.e. al-Sirr and Khawr al-Khuwayr. » #2589 Geoffrey King, Delmephialmas and Sircorcor: Gasparo Balbi, Dalmâ , Julfâr and a problem of transliteration, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2006 pt. 17:pp. 248–252 ~ p. 251 « Nor does it seem likely that the term Sircorcor could indicate that Khawr al-Khuwayr was the port of al-Sirr, i.e. Julfâr /al-Matâf. The main settlement of later Islamic Julfâr at al-Matâf is c. 10 km south of Khawr al-Khuwayr and there were convenient anchorages at al-Matâf itself, making it unnecessary to rely on the distant anchorage at Khawr al-Khuwayr. The main one of these Julfâr anchorages was a navigable inner harbour in a creek immediately behind the al-Mataf settlement. » #2589 Geoffrey King, Delmephialmas and Sircorcor: Gasparo Balbi, Dalmâ , Julfâr and a problem of transliteration, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2006 pt. 17:pp. 248–252 ~ pp. 251-2 Khawr ash Shamm : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: INLT UFI: -788816 coordinate: lat 26.21633 long 56.34212 NIMA/GNS names: Elphinstone Inlet , Khawr ash Shamm , Khawr Khasaibi , Khawr Sham , Khawr Sha'm , Khawr Shamm , Khor ash Shamin , Khor ash Shamm , Khor ash Shumm , Khor-ash-Sham , خور شم , VARIANT names: Ciebie, Ciebij , Elphinstone Inlet , Khawr ash Shamm , Teve river , ※ SOURCE for Ciebie, Ciebij « Ciebie » in {map#391 Map of part of the Persian Gulf from Mascate to Pt. Doggeby, Isaac de Graaff, 1666, Nationaal Archief, The Hague, 4. VEL 222} From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « It is situated at 26 degrees and 9 minutes Northern latitude between puncto de (7) and a river Ciebij (8), which puncto and river are situated at about 2½ miles distance from each other (3368). fn. 7 The copyist has dropped a word here, viz. Doggebay. I have been unable to explain this name, but clearly the authors of the journal refer to Ras Shaikh Mas'ud. In a little bight at the northern end of the cape is the tomb of the Shaikh from which it takes its name. fn. 8 Sibi river or Khor al-Sham is meant here. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 299 The village of Sibi lies some 15 kilometres at the end of Khawr ash Shamm. ※ SOURCE for Elphinstone Inlet « ELPHINSTONE INLET, the name given to this arm of the sea by Lieutenant Guy, is about 9 miles in length, stretching in various undulations to the back of Colville Cove, and exhibiting several very romantic aspects, the hills which form it being from 800 to 1,500 feet high, very rugged at the summit, and mostly precipitous. As numerous bays indent the inlet in various directions, its width is thereby very unequal, but the narrowest part is about a third of a mile broad. The western point of the entrance bears S.S.W. ¼ W. from the North point of Colville Cove, distant nearly 5 miles, and from Ras Sheik M.unsoud W.S.W., distant 4 miles: about a third of a. mile from this western point of the entrance lies a 4½ fathoms Rocky Bank, having close around it 9 and 10 fathoms » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ vol. 1 ed. 6 p. 384 ※ SOURCE for Khawr ash Shamm « (9) Khor ash Shem (Elphinstone Inlet). 19. Is a magnificent piece of water, 7 miles long. It has anchorages all over it, and many coves. The usual anchorage is near Telegraph Island, which is about the hottest part of it. 20. Surrounded by high mountains and barren rocky hills, no breeze can reach Telegraph Island, or the middle of the Khor, consequently the air must be still and the radiation great. In fact the heat is too great for Europeans to bear, and even the Arab nomads who fish there, move in the hot weather. At 3 P.M. on 20th November (when I visited it) the thermometer stood at 86° F. If this is the winter temperature, what must it be in summer? 21. By landing and climbing the ridge in the Maklab Isthmus, about 200 feet high, one can look down on Malcolm Inlet, and have a fine view of it (except the cove with Filam at its head) and of Elphinstone Inlet. The ridge is about equidistant from both inlets. 22. To defend Elphinstone Inlet it would be necessary to hold the ridge of the Maklab Isthmus, as well as the entrance, but owing to the heat it could not be occupied from July to October, and therefore as a naval station it is not of much value. » #2789 File 1855/1904 Pt 9 'Koweit:- Relations with Turkey. Sheikhs claim to Bubiyan, Warba and Umkasr' [?310v] (222/228), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/51/1, in Qatar Digital Library at online reference link/81055/vdc_100037401204.0x00001e (accessed 4 April 2023]) ※ SOURCE for Teve river « Um violento temporal desgarrou os navios portugueses e Pirbec, passando de noite, cosido com a costa, conseguiu escapar-se. Amainando o tempo, D. Antão reorganizou a sua armada e seguiu no encalço dos turcos até ao cabo Rosalgate sem qualquer resul tado. As próprias fustas que foram mandadas adiante não os consegui ram alcançar. Resolveu então conservar-se nas proximidades daquele cabo, utilizando como base a ribeira de Teve, para poder interceptar as galés que tinham ficado em Baçorá se eventualmente tentassem também recolher ao mar Vermelho.» [A violent storm tore the Portuguese ships apart and Pirbec, passing by during the night, sewn up against the coast, managed to escape. As time slowed down, D. Antão reorganized his fleet and pursued the Turks to Cape Rosalgate without any result. The very guns that were sent ahead could not reach them. He then decided to remain close to that cape, using the Teve river as a base, in order to be able to intercept the galleys that had remained in Basra if they eventually also tried to pull into the Red Sea.] #2821 Monteiro, Armando da Silva Saturnino, Batalhas e combates da Marinha Portuguesa, 1992 ~ vol. 3 p. 155 Khawr Fakkan : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -783368 coordinate: lat 25.331324 long 56.341993 NIMA/GNS names: Fakkan , Khawr al Fakkan , Khawr Fakkan , Khor al Fakhan , Khor al Fakkan , Khor Fakhan , Khor Fakkan , Khorfakan , Khorfakhan , Port Khor Fakkan , VARIANT names: cafaglhar , Calatu , Chorfakan , corfacam , Corfacan , Corfação , Corpsouca , Gorfocan , Khawr Fakkan , Khor Fakkan , Khurfakkan , Mons Orsa cum portu , Orfação , Profam Orfacão , Profame , ※ SOURCE for cafaglhar « cofar(4) 23°50' - Reinel (Paris) - cafaglhar - Reinel (Munich) hor 24°30' - Reinel (Paris) - haur - Reinel (Munich) fn. (4) Cofar et le nom suivant, hor, ne forment qu'un seul nom, Cafalhor, sur la carte de 1517 a Munich; c'est le Corpsoucan de la 2me lettre d'Andre Corsali (1517); il s'applique a un port renomme entre Mascat et Ormus, le Corfasan de Barbosa, ca qui est une corruption de Khor-Foucan (LORD STANLEY Loc. cit., p . 34). » [(4) Cofar and the following name, hor, form only one name, Cafalhor, on the map of 1517 in Munich; it is the Corpsoucan of the 2nd letter of Andre Corsali (1517); it applies to a famous port between Mascat and Ormus, the Corfasan of Barbosa, which is a corruption of Khor-Foucan (LORD STANLEY Loc. cit., p. 34).] #2218 Denucé, Jean, Les origines de la cartographie portugaise et les cartes des Reinel, E. van Goethem, 1908 ~ p. 129 De ce port passe grád nobre de cheuaux venas aux Indes, par ce quils ne peuuent aborder ailleurs, come iày defia dit vne autre fois. E dici enuoya le Capitaine Majeur vn fie neueu aux Indes, avec quatre nauires pour dóner ordre aux episseries qui doiuét ceftuy an paffer en Portugal:et luy mefmes sen alla en Ormus avec son armée: et moi en une nauire des Mores m'en allis voir aucunes terres d'Arabie, passant par la cofte de Mascat et Corpsoucá, qui font ports renomés en ce lieu, iusques à ce quarriuames à Ormus quatre jours auát q larmée. [From this port passes a large number of horses coming to the Indies, because they cannot land elsewhere, as I defied once said. Here the Captain Major came to India, with four ships to give orders to the episteries who had to go to Portugal to go to Portugal: and he, mefmes, went to Ormus with his army: and I went to a ship of the Moors. to see any Arabian lands, passing through the coast of Mascat and Corpsoucá, which are famous ports in this place, until this quarriuames at Ormus four days after the army.] #2735 Tome Second de l'afriqve. Contenant les Nauigations des Capitaines Portugalois, et autres, faites audit Païs, iusques aux Indes, tant Orientales, que Occidentales, parties de Perle, Arabie Heureuse, Pierreuse, et Deserte. Ensemble, la Description de la haulte Ethiopie, Païs du grand Seigneur Prete-Iean, [et] du noble fleuue du Nil. L'assiette defdits païs, Iles, Royaumes et Empires: Les Figures, Habits, Religion, et façon de faire des Habitans, et autres singularites cy deuant incogneües. L'ordre des Nauigations, et Voyages, et leur continuation est à la Page suyuante, 1556 ~ p.157 ※ SOURCE for Calatu « Marco Polo speaking of Kalhat. which stood near Cape Mesandum, says -This citv of Calatu stands at the mouth of the Gulf. so that no ship can enter or go forth without the will » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 13 note 5 ※ SOURCE for Chorfakan « His next is Mom Orsa cum portu (literally, in Arabic, " the transverse mountain"): its position is effectually determined from the East India Company's chart; where, about a third of a degree south of Daba, a great mountain, at right angles with the mountains of Lima, runs light down to the sea, while at its base lies the port of Chorfakan. Pliny's Mom Tricoryphos, which comes immediately after, is a probable corruption of Chorfakan, like Coromanis from Chorboobian. The particular mountain intended I am unable to point out.*[ * Abulfeda, however, supplies light, which may lead to its discovery ; for there can be little doubt that the mountain named by him Al Dordour, or " the three-topped mountain," and described as situated in the Indian ocean, near the mouth of the Persian Gulf, is the same with Mons Tricoryphos, or " three-headed mountain " of Pliny. According to Abulfeda, its tops alone rise above the sea, the base being under water. The original description is so curious and minute, that I shall give it for the better guidance of navigators on this coast, who may be induced to complete the restoration. From the text of Abulfeda, I am unable to determine whether Al Dordour should be sought on the Arabian, or on the Persian, side of the sea of Oman] Next to Mons Orsa, he places the Sinus Duatus: this is the bay of Madeha; the next station south of the mountain just described, and of its port Chorfakan. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ vol.2 pp. 228-9 ※ SOURCE for corfacam « Hor, corfacam, Alfaqdo [Portuguese name] Fakk al-Asad [Arab name] Khor Fakkan [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p.99 ※ SOURCE for Corfacan « Discripssão da Fortaleza de Corfacan Corfacão, como atras fica dito, esta doze legoas de Soar, na estremedidade do arco que se fas desd'os ilheos de Suavy are ella. He hüa fortaleza feita em triangullo, com tres baluartes nos tres cantos, tambem de triangullo, e hum no meo, cavaleiro, redondo, com hum poço. Os dous lanços de muro que ficão pera a terra tera cada hum dore braças de comprido e o que fica ao longo da praya tem nove. A largura dos muros he de nove palmos, a altura sinco braças. Foi feita esta fortaleza por Gaspar Leite, na era de seiscentos e vinte. Asistem nella quinze lascarins' de paga, com hum mocadão, que hé o mesmo que capitão delles, e se sostentão de imposiçõis mui antigas que paga hila povoação, que fica ao longo, de obra de cem vizinhos arabios naturais mouros. Hé esta a primeira emceada que se toma quando vão de Mascate, por ser abrigo de todos os ventos, podendo chegar a sorgir bem pegado a terra inda que sejão pataxos grandes. A acolheita fica a entrada, da banda de Mascate. A agoa he a milhor, e milhor agoada que ha en toda a Arabia. [f. 31] » [Corfacão, as mentioned above, is twelve leagues from Soar, at the extremity of the arch that is made from the islands of Suavy are ella. There is a fortress made in a triangle, with three bastions in the three corners, also in a triangle, and one in the middle, knight, round, with a well. The two sections of wall that remain on the ground will each be two fathoms long and the one along the beach has nine. The width of the walls is nine spans, the height six fathoms. This fortress was built by Gaspar Leite, in the age of six hundred and twenty. There are fifteen lascarins' of pay, with a mocadão, which is the same as their captain, and they are based on very old taxes that pay for that village, which is along, the work of a hundred neighboring Moorish Arabs. This is the first emceada that is taken when traveling from Muscat, as it is shelter from all the winds, being able to come up close to the ground, even if they are large pataxos. The reception is located at the entrance of the Muscat band. The water is the best, and the best, that there is in all Arabia. [f. 31]] #821 Bocarro, António, O livro das plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoac¸o~es do estado da I´ndia Oriental, Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 1937-40: 1992 Series: 442 3 vols. ~vol. 2 p.57 ※ SOURCE for Corfação « Unsurprisingly, these volatile allies soon resumed their old habits, such as trading outside Portuguese controlled routes or plundering commercial ships along the coast, as was the case of one ‘Camis Bilizano’ [Khamis ?], known for his activities against shipping between Khor Fakkan and Limah around 1625–2.(276) Of course the election of Nāṣir b. Murshid al-Ya‘rubi to the imamate in 1624 (277) heralded a new era, though his actions only afected the Portuguese around 1627–2 fn. 275 “Instructions given to D. Gonçalo da Silveira” n/l [Muscat?] 22.05.1623. In: Ribeiro 1936, III, 3. fn. 276 “Instructions given to D. Gonçalo da Silveira” n/l [Muscat?] 14.12.1625. In: Ribeiro 1936, III, 33. . » #2602 João Teles e Cunha, Oman and Omanis in Portuguese Sources in the Early Modern Period (ca. 1500–1750), ~ p. 250 [nb this reference « Ribeiro 1936 Ribeiro, Luciano: Questões histórico-coloniais. Vol. III. Lisbon 1936. » on page 261 I believe should be Luciano Cordeiro see below « Libidia e mais que all estao, dando-ines ajuda e ravor, porque além de lho devermos, hemo-lo mister e servem a Sua Majestade com fidelidade. Destes oito navios declarados há de ficar o sanguicel, de Lima até Corfação, até o melhorar, assim para alentar aquelas Fortalezas, como para impedir que não navegue o Camis e » [] #2729 Luciano Cordeiro, Questões Histórico-Coloniais, Divisa~o de Publicac¸o~es e Biblioteca, Age^ncia Geral das Colo´nias: Atica, 1935-1936 ~ vol. 3 p. 337 « Sai de Mascate em Abril de 627 e em minha companhia D. Gonçalo da Silveira por Capitão de uma fusta, a juntar- -me com mais que andavam na costa, e prefazendo 20, e quinhentos lascarins; tendo feito assento em Conselho, que se tomassem as Fortalezas e terras de Doba, desembarcamos nelas e en aanharam ao Camis que as tinha com grande valor » [D. Gonçalo da Silveira left Muscat in April 627 in my company as Captain of a fusta, joining with more that were on the coast, and making 20, and five hundred Lascarins; having sat down in Council, that the Fortresses and lands of Doba were taken, we disembarked on them and captured Camis who had them with great value.] #2729 Luciano Cordeiro, Questões Histórico-Coloniais, Divisa~o de Publicac¸o~es e Biblioteca, Age^ncia Geral das Colo´nias: Atica, 1935-1936 ~ vol. 3 p. 345 ※ SOURCE for Corpsouca « cofar(4) 23°50' - Reinel (Paris) - cafaglhar - Reinel (Munich) hor 24°30' - Reinel (Paris) - haur - Reinel (Munich) fn. (4) Cofar et le nom suivant, hor, ne forment qu'un seul nom, Cafalhor, sur la carte de 1517 a Munich; c'est le Corpsoucan de la 2me lettre d'Andre Corsali (1517); il s'applique a un port renomme entre Mascat et Ormus, le Corfasan de Barbosa, ca qui est une corruption de Khor-Foucan (LORD STANLEY Loc. cit., p . 34). » [(4) Cofar and the following name, hor, form only one name, Cafalhor, on the map of 1517 in Munich; it is the Corpsoucan of the 2nd letter of Andre Corsali (1517); it applies to a famous port between Mascat and Ormus, the Corfasan of Barbosa, which is a corruption of Khor-Foucan (LORD STANLEY Loc. cit., p. 34).] #2218 Denucé, Jean, Les origines de la cartographie portugaise et les cartes des Reinel, E. van Goethem, 1908 ~ p. 129 De ce port passe grád nobre de cheuaux venas aux Indes, par ce quils ne peuuent aborder ailleurs, come iày defia dit vne autre fois. E dici enuoya le Capitaine Majeur vn fie neueu aux Indes, avec quatre nauires pour dóner ordre aux episseries qui doiuét ceftuy an paffer en Portugal:et luy mefmes sen alla en Ormus avec son armée: et moi en une nauire des Mores m'en allis voir aucunes terres d'Arabie, passant par la cofte de Mascat et Corpsoucá, qui font ports renomés en ce lieu, iusques à ce quarriuames à Ormus quatre jours auát q larmée. [From this port passes a large number of horses coming to the Indies, because they cannot land elsewhere, as I defied once said. Here the Captain Major came to India, with four ships to give orders to the episteries who had to go to Portugal to go to Portugal: and he, mefmes, went to Ormus with his army: and I went to a ship of the Moors. to see any Arabian lands, passing through the coast of Mascat and Corpsoucá, which are famous ports in this place, until this quarriuames at Ormus four days after the army.] #2735 Tome Second de l'afriqve. Contenant les Nauigations des Capitaines Portugalois, et autres, faites audit Païs, iusques aux Indes, tant Orientales, que Occidentales, parties de Perle, Arabie Heureuse, Pierreuse, et Deserte. Ensemble, la Description de la haulte Ethiopie, Païs du grand Seigneur Prete-Iean, [et] du noble fleuue du Nil. L'assiette defdits païs, Iles, Royaumes et Empires: Les Figures, Habits, Religion, et façon de faire des Habitans, et autres singularites cy deuant incogneües. L'ordre des Nauigations, et Voyages, et leur continuation est à la Page suyuante, 1556 ~ p.157 ※ SOURCE for Gorfocan « Gorfocan 34 is a place situated at a cove where about not less than 200 small houses have been built. All of them are made with branches and stones of date trees, and are close to the beach. On the Northern side it had a triangular fortress from the days of the Portuguese, and one can still see the ruins of its walls. On the Southern side in a recess (?) /inboschies/ which is connected with the bay there is on a mountain another fortress but it has neither garrisson nor guns, so that it also is completely dilapidated.35 This place has a beautiful valley with a great many date trees and some fig trees. Melons, water /melons / lemons and onions also grow here (3373). fn. 34 Copyist's error for Gorfocan or Khor Fakkan. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 304 ※ SOURCE for Khor Fakkan « The Persians also seized Khor Fakkan from the Portuguese in 1622, but their success was short-lived. In 1623 Ruy Freire de Andrade ejected the Persians from Khor Fakkan though he was himself shortly afterwards displaced by an Arab force under the first imam of the Ya'ruba dynasty in Oman, Nasir ibn Murshid. In 1631 the Portuguese built a fort at Julfar, having apparently regained this port with a view to mounting an attack on Hormuz from it. The Portuguese also had minor forts at Kalba and Dibbah. » #6 Hawley, Donald, The Trucial States, Allen and Unwin, London, 1970 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Khurfakkan « Une dernière tentative de sortie ottomane, dirigée par Seydî 'Ali Re'îs en 1554 fut, une fois encore, bloquée par les Portugais à la hauteur de Khurfakkan.» #1812 ed. Dejanirah Couto and Rui M. Loureiro, Revisiting Hormuz: Portuguese Interactions in the Persian Gulf Region in the Early Modern Period, Harrassowitz, 2008 ~ p.76 On met a la voile pour Ormuz le 27 mars. Apres quarante-cinq jours de mer, on atteint le 10 mai Qalhat, le premier havre de la cote d'Oman, qui appartient au royaume d'Ormuz, et releve donc du protectorat portugais; c'est un point d'escale alors plus Mascate, et en 1520 D. Manuel y cree une feitoria (1). On remonte la côte, touchant le 14 mai l'aiguade de Teive, (2) et Mascate le 20, oi l'on fait une escale assez prolongee, puisque Khurfakkan (3) ne sera atteint que le 5 juin. L'arrivee a Ormuz a lieu le 11 juin, soixante-dix-septjours apres avoir quitte Goa. » [We set sail for Hormuz on March 27th. After forty-five days at sea, on May 10 we reached Qalhat, the first harbor on the coast of Oman, which belonged to the kingdom of Hormuz, and therefore came under the Portuguese protectorate; it was a stopover point then no longer Muscat, and in 1520 D. Manuel created a feitoria there (1). We go up the coast, touching the watering place of Teive (2) on May 14 and Muscat on the 20th, where we make a rather prolonged stopover, since Khurfakkan (3) will not be reached until June 5. The arrival in Hormuz takes place on June 11, seventy-seven days after leaving Goa.] #271 Aubin, Jean, Un Voyage De Goa A Ormuz En 1520 (A journey from Goa to Hormuz in 1520), Modern Asian Studies, London, 1988 ~ pp. 417-8 ※ SOURCE for Mons Orsa cum portu « His first point, outside Cape Mussendom, is his Dabanegoris regio: this is, evidently, Daba or Dobba, one degree south of the cape. His next is Mons Orsa cum portu (literally, in Arabic, "the transverse mountain"): its position is effectually determined from the East India Company's chart; where, about a third of a degree south of Daba, a great mountain, at right angles with the mountains of Lima, runs right down to the sea, while at its base lies the port of Chorfakan. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ p228 « region of Dabanegoris, Mount Orsa, with a harbour, » #2576 John Bostock and H.T. Riley, The Natural History of Pliny, Henry G. Bohn, London, 1855 ~ ※ SOURCE for Orfação « haverá oitenta e sete léguas de costa, em que jazem êstes lugares do mesmo reino: Calaiate, Curiate, Mascate, Soar, Calaja, Orfação, Doba e Lima, que fica oito léguas ante de chegar ao Cabo Muçandão » [there will be eighty-seven leagues of coast, in which these places of the same kingdom lie: Calaiate, Curiate, Muscat, Soar, Calaja, Orfação, Doba and Lima, which is eight leagues before reaching Cabo Muçandão] #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ vol. 2 book 9 cap. 7 p. 454 ※ SOURCE for Profam Orfacão #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, ※ SOURCE for Profame « Profame is given in the Spanish version as Corfasan, and Ribero has Corfacan, but places it beyond Cape Musandam, inside the Persian Gulf. In the history of De Barros (Dec. II, f. 24) and in the Commentaries of Afonso D'Alboquerque (I, 94 f.) it is called Orfação. [In the German atlas Corsacan; there is also another place inland a long way off called Orfacan; both these seem to be corruptions of the name in the text Khof Fakan.-St.]. No doubt these names are derived from the Ar. Khor Fakan, which, however, does not occur in the text. It seems to have been a thriving place, but was destroyed by Alboquerque in 1507, and apparently never recovered, as we hear nothing more of it. It was on the open sea, south of Cape Musandam, but not far from it, as De Barros says it was very near Ormuz, and that Alboquerque took in water there, as he heard there was none to be mad at Ormuz. It may be identified with the Arabic Khor-Fakan, which is shown on the map accompanying Curzon's Persia, Vol. II. This identification under Orfação is made by Danvers in App. D, 'ol. II, Portuguese in India. He, however, wrongly says it is in the Persian Gulf, and in his text (T, p. 161) calls it Khan Fakan. Khor is The Arabic Khawr, a creek or torrent-bed. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.72 fn.3 Khawr Ghubb Ali : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -787017 coordinate: lat 26.2679 long 56.35471 NIMA/GNS names: Khawar Ghubb `Ali , Khawr Ghub `Ali , Khawr Ghubb `Ali , Khawr Ghubb Ali , Khor Ghubb `Ali , خور غب علي , VARIANT names: Cobalje , Colville Cove , Khawr Ghubb Ali , ※ SOURCE for Cobalje « The report describes another small place on the Western side of the Musandam peninsula called ’Cobalje‘ [Ghubb Ali] and then describes Kamzar (50 fisherman’s houses), Cape Musandam and other small villages called ’Cheysa’ and ‘Cabil’. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 177 ※ SOURCE for Colville Cove « COLVILLE COVE is about 4 miles deep and generally a mile wide, and the north- ColvilleCove. ern point of its entrance is a high rock like a steeple, situated about a mile to the southward of the cliff last mentioned, and bearing from Ras Sheik Munsoud E.N .E., distant nearly 6 miles. At the entrance, both sides of the cove are formed of cliffs from 100 to 150 feet in height, but the northern point is the most remarkable, by being perpendicular, with large masses of rock constantly breaking away, and falling at its base; and the rocks are excavated to a considerable depth by the action of the sea. The village of Rhoob Alli stands at the extremity of the cove, within a sandy beach, which Rhoob Alii. has a small square mosque, with neatly-constructed houses of rough stones, and thatched with the leaves of the date-palm. A few date-trees and fig-trees were growing amongst the houses, with some of the Acacia kind near the mosque: this village contains some wells of good water. The cove stretches nearly N.W. and S.E., having from 25 fathoms water at the entrance, to 9 fathoms within the sixth of a mile from the beach, over a bottom of rocks and sand: it is much exposed to N.W. winds, at which time the sea is high, and breaks furiously against the rocks. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ vol. 1 ed. 6 p. 384 ※ SOURCE for Khawr Ghubb Ali « Khawr Ghubb Ali (26°17'N., 56°21'E.) is a narrow inlet almost 4 miles long, that is deep and clear of dangers. The entrance lies between high cliffy hills; the inlet provides shelter from all winds except the shamal. A drying reef lies 91m offshore and 183m N of the N entrance point. Jabal Sibi, within the head of the inlet, is a good landmark. 13.10 Anchorage can be taken, in 21.9m, sand, with the 335m peak rising 0.3 mile SE of the village at the head of the inlet bearing 132°, distant 1 mile. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 277 Khawr Ghurayrah : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: LGN UFI: -3186949 coordinate: lat 12.711905 long 43.482329 NIMA/GNS names: Khawr Ghurayrah , Khor Ghorera , Khor Ghuraira , Khor Ghuroira , Sheikh Syed , VARIANT names: Khawr Ghurayrah , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khawr Ghurayrah FOR Acila [Sprenger, Forbiger], ※ SOURCE for Khawr Ghurayrah « The Periplus characterizes Okêlis as a stopping point rather than a port of trade; by Ptolemy's time it had achieved that status (6.7.7: Okélis emporion). The site has been identified as the lagoon called Shaykh Sa'id or Khawr Ghurayrah (12°43'N, 43°28'E); see Sprenger 67, Glaser 169, Grohmann (Mapharitis, cit. under 22:7.24) 1409. This lagoon is probably the "small harbour" that Wellsted saw (ii 466). The French thought it useful enough to acquire rights to it, though they never exercised them; see Barre (op. cit. under 7:3.13-14) 375. » #2599 Casson, Lionel, The Periplus Maris Erythraei : text with introduction, translation, and commentary, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1989 ~ p. 158 Khawr Jaramah 10 (KJ10) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK800921 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5124726478716 long 59.7217919410187 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 10 (KJ10) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 10 (KJ10) « Shell midden, Saccostrea cucullata » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 100 (KJ100) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK808929 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5240718551607 long 59.7297922790235 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 100 (KJ100) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 100 (KJ100) « Village with Stone houses » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 101 (KJ101) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK806934 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5241048070433 long 59.7278496750253 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 101 (KJ101) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 101 (KJ101) « Village with Stone houses » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 11 (KJ11) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK791913 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5054011791805 long 59.7129099171259 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 11 (KJ11) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 11 (KJ11) « Shell midden, Saccostrea cucullata » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 12 (KJ12) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK793911 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5035636696458 long 59.7148170306386 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 12 (KJ12) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 12 (KJ12) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 14 (KJ14) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK834905 converted to coordinate: lat 22.4974731746034 long 59.7545269550141 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 14 (KJ14) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 14 (KJ14) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 15 (KJ15) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK831905 converted to coordinate: lat 22.4975229856847 long 59.7516136655341 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 15 (KJ15) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 15 (KJ15) « Few postsherds » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 16 (KJ16) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK808931 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5213647495231 long 59.7297390605462 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 16 (KJ16) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 16 (KJ16) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 17 (KJ17) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK807927 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5177717474881 long 59.7286968577321 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 17 (KJ17) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 17 (KJ17) « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 18 (KJ18) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK815880 converted to coordinate: lat 22.4752285571176 long 59.7356323006934 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 18 (KJ18) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 18 (KJ18) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 2 (KJ2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK810933 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5231365129145 long 59.7317171264222 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 2 (KJ2) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 2 (KJ2) « Stone structures » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 3 (KJ3) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK810936 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5258436134776 long 59.7317703880851 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 3 (KJ3) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 3 (KJ3) « Few flints, Islamic site » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 4 (KJ4) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK803929 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5196423294397 long 59.724847226626 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 4 (KJ4) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 4 (KJ4) « Shell midden, Islamic pottery » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 5 (KJ5) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK803927 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5178375840149 long 59.7248118186927 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 5 (KJ5) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 5 (KJ5) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 6 (KJ6) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK803927 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5178375840149 long 59.7248118186927 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 6 (KJ6) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 6 (KJ6) « Stone structures » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 7 (KJ7) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK801928 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5187728414249 long 59.72288698469 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 7 (KJ7) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 7 (KJ7) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 8 (KJ8) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK798927 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5179197481158 long 59.7199554995922 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 8 (KJ8) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 8 (KJ8) « Islamic site, Chinese pottery » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Jaramah 9 (KJ9) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK800927 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5178869000166 long 59.7218980299369 VARIANT names: Khawr Jaramah 9 (KJ9) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Jaramah 9 (KJ9) « Islamic site » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khawr Kalba : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: LGN UFI: -783300 coordinate: lat 25.021928 long 56.364629 NIMA/GNS names: Khawr al Kalba , Khawr Kalba , Khor Kalba , VARIANT names: Core Culba , Khawr Kalba , Khore Kulba , ※ SOURCE for Core Culba « Core Culba » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. WellstedRoyal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} ※ SOURCE for Khawr Kalba « Khor Kalba is not to be confounded with Kalba, otherwise called Ghällah. It is the southernmost village of the Shamailiyah district in the Sharjah Principality of Trucial 'Oman and is situated on the coast of the Gulf of Oman 20 miles north-north-west of Shinās in the Batinah district of the 'Oman Sultanate and 24 miles south of Khor Fakkan, Khor Kalba stands on a creek which boats can enter at high water and it is defended by a fort; it consists of 150 houses of the Za'ab tribe, who own 5 or 6 sea-going boats employed in the coasting trade. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ p. 970 ※ SOURCE for Khore Kulba « Khore Kulba Fort is a fort on the side of a creek, into which boats of twenty or thirty tons can go. It has some trade, particularly with the inland tribes, about two hundred inhabitants, and is in lat. 25° 0' 50" N., long., 56° 24' 26" E. Supplies of cattle and poultry may be obtained here. Off these last three places, the soundings are regular to four fathoms, three quarters of a mile off shore. Between this and Shines are successively situated the forts and villages of Maharae, Kuthrawain, Aboobugarrah, and Huggur. At each of these places the number of the inhabitants varies from seventy to one hundred, some employed in the coasting trade,. others as fishermen and cultivators, A few supplies may be obtained at all these places. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p.624 Khawr Kharfut : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: INLT UFI: -787645 coordinate: lat 16.730397 long 53.336145 NIMA/GNS names: Al Kharifut , Kharfat , Kharfawt , Kharfut , Kharfut , Kharifot , Kharifut , Khawr Kharfawt , Khawr Kharfut , خرفوت , خور خرفوت , VARIANT names: Khawr Kharfut , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Kharfut « Khawr Kharfut is a small stretch of land and sandy beach with a fresh-water pool, the mouth of Wadi Sayq, some 1 0 km to the west of the coastal village of Rakhyut (Fig. 1 ). Wadi Sayq is one of the major drainage of the Jebel Qamr, the Western sector of the Dhofar range. The site is encased by very steep escarpments, heavily wooded with large trees and shrubs. At the western and eastern ends of the small bay (about 2500 m long) the mountains reach the sea as cliffs and submarine rocks. The vegetation includes grass and reeds at the edge of the pool and in areas of shingle, and a few wild palm trees. The smaller vegetation dies back during the dry winter season, but comes back in full lush under the effects of the summer monsoon, lasting roughly from the beginning of June to mid-September. » #2754 Paolo M. Costa, Khawr Kharfut, Dhofar: A Preliminary Assessment of the archaeological remains, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1994 ~ p. 27 Khawr Yenkit (KT1) : arch. site OMN UTM: FB740020 converted to coordinate: lat 23.5189304822048 long 58.7042796646967 VARIANT names: Khawr Yenkit (KT1) , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Yenkit (KT1) « Shell scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 286 Khawr Yfrah : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: INLT UFI: -783280 coordinate: lat 25.530002 long 55.622459 NIMA/GNS names: Khawr al Jafrah , Khawr Jufrah , Khawr Yfrah , خور الجفرة , VARIANT names: Khawr Yfrah , ※ SOURCE for Khawr Yfrah « Today, ed-Dur occupies an area behind some large dunes, just to the east of the highway leading to Ra’s al-Khaimah and about 7 kilometres north of the turn-of for Umm al-Qaiwain. On the western side of the road is the silted embayment of Khor al-Yfrah, which was, perhaps, a natural harbour in the past. Ed-Dur is a sprawling site, over 2 kilometres long (north–south along the highway) and about 1 kilometre across. » #2773 D.T. Potts, In the land of the Emirates: The archaeology and history of the UAE, Trident Press and Sultan bin Zayed's Culture and Media Centre, Abu Dhabi, 2012 ~ p. 119 Khawr_{Jaramah 13 (KJ13)} : arch. site OMN UTM: GK792908 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5008728955503 long 59.7137930058393 VARIANT names: Khawr_{Jaramah 13 (KJ13)} , ※ SOURCE for Khawr_{Jaramah 13 (KJ13)} « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Khazineh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3195437 coordinate: lat 30.683333 long 48.716667 NIMA/GNS names: Khazineh , خزينه , VARIANT names: Khazineh , ※ SOURCE for Khazineh « Khazineh » in {map#1063 Kuwait State. Basra Division. Khuzistan Province. - 'Iraq, Kuwait and Persia. No. 10 B and C, Khuramshahr (Mohammerah), , , British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3737, f 76, in Qatar Digital Library} Kheshti : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070939 coordinate: lat 27.6662 long 53.0855 NIMA/GNS names: Kheshti , Khishti , خشتی , VARIANT names: Kheshti , Kheyr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055271 coordinate: lat 29.2626 long 53.9235 NIMA/GNS names: Banavan , Banvan , Kheyr , Khir , Qal`eh-i-Banaven , بنوان , VARIANT names: Kheir (Kir) , Kheyr , ※ SOURCE for Kheir (Kir) « At the 25th mile we reached the ruined mud village-fort Seraj, surrounded by cultivated land; thence 305° direct to Khir, which village we reached after a ride of 26 miles. This, too, was a ruinous-looking place; the people complaining that they were frequently plundered by the Kashgaí tribe; » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 73 Kheyrabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 6012384 coordinate: lat 32.522428 long 51.502361 NIMA/GNS names: Kheyrabad , Kheyrabad-e Kuhcheh , خیر آباد , VARIANT names: Kheyrabad , Kheyrabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070968 coordinate: lat 29.2932 long 53.0289 NIMA/GNS names: Khairabad , Kheyrabad , خیر آباد , VARIANT names: Khairabad , Kheyrabad , ※ SOURCE for Khairabad « Khairabad » in {map#1192 in #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ fig. Map showing road from Shiraz to Jashk sheet 1} ※ SOURCE for Kheyrabad « Kheyrabad » in {map#1274 in #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873 43:65-83 ~ fig. Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-had by Sistun} Kheyrabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070965 coordinate: lat 28.91593 long 53.674266 NIMA/GNS names: Kheyrabad , Kheyrabad-e Humeh , خیر آباد , VARIANT names: Khairabad , Kheyrabad , ※ SOURCE for Khairabad « I lost no time in moving my camp by December 31st to the conspicuous mound known as Tal-i-Zohāk which we had already sighted from the height of the Mil-i-Qāzi pass (Fig. 9). It rises close to the village of Khairābād, about 2 miles south of Fasā town, and is situated amidst cultivated ground which like the latter itself receives water solely from qanāts. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 137 Kheyrabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3380734 coordinate: lat 31.5711111 long 61.5191667 NIMA/GNS names: Khairabad , Khayrabad , Kheyrabad , VARIANT names: Kheyrabad , Kheyrabad Caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3757483 coordinate: lat 30.5363 long 50.4558 VARIANT names: Kheyrabad Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Kheyrabad Caravanserai located north of the PPL «Qal`eh Madreseh » UFI -3757483 coordinate lat 30.535006, long 50.455408 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Madreseh, قلعه مدرسه, detail from the Caravanserais of Iran dataset provided by the EAMENA Project Endangered Archaeology in the Middle East and North Africa, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford online reference link Khiaru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071078 coordinate: lat 27.4067 long 52.7546 NIMA/GNS names: Kheyaru , Khiaru , Khiyaroo , Khiyaru , خيارو , VARIANT names: Kheuro , Khiaru , ※ SOURCE for Kheuro « Kheuro » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Khisht : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070937 coordinate: lat 29.5635 long 51.3369 NIMA/GNS names: Khesht , Khisht , خشت , VARIANT names: Khisht , ※ SOURCE for Khisht « KHISHT (1) Name of a river and district in Färs, reached on the road from Būshire to Shiraz by Kazarūn, after the ascent of the Kutal Mällü pass. The administration of this district was entrusted in 1882 to Hāji Mirzš Agha Khan, Vakil, and his brother Fazl 'Ali Khân. (Stack—Ross) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ pt. 1 A-K p. 556 « Khist [name of place] | 15 [miles] | Road rugged and very stony for ten miles, winding at the foot of mountains. Crossed a river three times within this distance. Here begins the pass: easy ascent for a mile and a half, then steep and difficult for half a mile. After three or four hundred yards begins another easy ascent, which is a quarter of a mile in length, where ends the pass of Cotul Mauloo. About three miles from hence lies the village, in a pleasant valley, about seven miles in length and four in breadth. [remarks] » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ Appendix pp 363-4 « Those who had assembled to congratulate us near the halting-place this day, were inhabitants of Khisht, (persian text), a village within four miles; once probably of some note, as a geographical author whose words shall be hereafter cited, calls it a town or city; they composed a numerous peishwáz, having drums, trumpets, and fire- arms; and they entertained. us with the jerid bázi or mock lance-play, and several vollies of musketry. On entering the Caravanserai, ZA'L KHA'N caused three or four thin glass bottles, nearly full of sugar-candy, to be broken; and their contents scattered among the crowd; a manner of complimenting illustrious strangers practised in Persia during many centuries.. » #2876 William Ouseley, Travels in Various Countries of the East, More Particularly Persia Vol. 1, Rodwell and Martin, London, 1819, ~ vol. 1 pp. 262 Khivabad : place TKM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2559314 coordinate: lat 37.1833333 long 59.55 NIMA/GNS names: Khiva-Abad , Khivabad , Khiveabad , VARIANT names: Khivabad , Kholus : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071118 coordinate: lat 27.112214 long 54.319852 NIMA/GNS names: Kholoos , Kholu , Kholus , Khulu , خلس , خلو , خلوص , VARIANT names: Khalus , Kholos , Kholus , ※ SOURCE for Khalus « Khalus » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lingeh G-40 G 1941} ※ SOURCE for Kholos « Kholos » in {map#1132 in #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ fig. Abb. 4 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Yazd, Kerman und Hormozgan} Khomar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071127 coordinate: lat 28.3818 long 53.1482 NIMA/GNS names: Khomar , Khommar , خمار , VARIANT names: Khomar , Khomein : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071137 coordinate: lat 33.638893 long 50.08003 NIMA/GNS names: Khomein , Khomeyn , Khowmeyn , Khumain , خمين , VARIANT names: Chomen , Khomein , Khumai , Macliana ? , ※ SOURCE for Chomen « Chomen » in {map#1343 Reisen im Orient. von H. Petermann ; Nebst Einer Karte, Entworfen Von H. Kiepert. 2. Band, p. 243, 1861, } ※ SOURCE for Khumai « At 19½ miles a dry river-bed is crossed by a well-built brick bridge, and Khumai is reached. There are said to be 2,000 houses, and, including some eleven villages round about, the yearly produce amounts to 15,000 kharwars of grain. Water is obtainable from a good ganat. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 237 ※ SOURCE for Macliana ? « December 24.- We lay at Mecliana. » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 214 Khonj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071160 coordinate: lat 27.8913 long 53.4344 NIMA/GNS names: Khonj , Khunj , Khunji , خنج , VARIANT names: Hong , Hung , Hung-o-Fal , Khond , Khonj , Khunj , Khunju Pal , Saj (Sah, Haj, Dah) , ※ SOURCE for Hong « Bäräb VI C5 Faryab près de Hong, à 27°55' N et 53°10' E Iran Avant-dernière étape sur la route de Darābagird à Siraf, Muq 454, LS 296, Schw 201, DKI 171 sv Faryab»#2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 47 ※ SOURCE for Hung « Hasakän (?) without pulpit mosque (4). The name may still be preserved by the Kuh i Gisakan east of Borazjan (5). fn. 5 Writings such as the location would then suggest a combination of the Gage with the Gunkan mentioned in the description of the Ihsin River, which is also not mentioned by the older geographers; only Jäküt bay (2, 133, 14) probably based on the river description at Istahri: Gunkän, place in Persia. If one wanted to read Uingan based on the writing of the Persian translation (E), there are phonetic reasons against the compilation with today's Hung, place and district west of Bidshehr. » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Hung-o-Fal « Dans l'hiver 814/1411-1412 le timouride Iskandar b. Umar Sayh envoya plusieurs colonnes à travers le Läristän pour châtier Gurgin d'avoir offert un secours en hommes au gouverneur intérimaire de Tärum révolté. Une de ces colonnes fut dirigée sur les montagnes de Hung-o-Fal (Hung est une prononciation locale pour Hunj). Une autre colonne mit en fuite devant Lär trois fils de Gurgin, nommés Muayyad, Aršad et Amjad (30).fn. 30 Hafiz-i Abrū, Géographie, Brit. Mus., Or. 1577, fol. 133 a; ms. Melli Malek, Téhéran, fol. 120 a-120 b. » #890 Aubin, Jean, Références pour Lâr médiévale, Journal Asiatique, 1955, 491-505 ~ p. 498 ※ SOURCE for Khond « Khond » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 14 Karawanenwege zwischen Djahrom und Lar und Khondj und Lar sowie südlich und östlich von Lar} ※ SOURCE for Khonj « Khonj » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} « Some clans of the Qashqa'i tribe of 'Amaleh, for instance, cover a distance of over 350 miles between their winter quarters, which are in the neighborhood of Afzar andKhonj, in southeastern Fars, and their summer quarters, which are within eighty miles of Esfahan. » #3169 Pierre Oberling, The Qashqā’i Nomads of Fārs, De Gruyter Mouton, The Hague, 1974 ~ p. 15 « ?خنج [Khonj] یکی از مناطق شهری مهم دوره مغول و تیموریان در مسیر بازرگانی شیراز به طرف سیراف کیش و بعدها هرموز بوده است و فعالیت های فرهنگی این منطقه در حیات فکری جنوب ایران تأثیر مهمی داشته است. در قرن هفتم شیخ رکن الدین دانیال خنجی از علمای بزرگ و از مریدان شیخ ابواسحاق کازرونی با سکونت در خنج و جذب و جلب شاگردان و مریدان بسیار این شهر را مرکز فعالیتهای فرهنگی و در همان حال ارتباط خود را با مراکز تجارت دریایی و از آن جمله هرموز نیز حفظ کرد مریدان او در نواحی نامبرده از قدرت بسیاری » [?Khonj was one of the important urban areas of the Mongol and Timurid periods on the trade route from Shiraz to Siraf Kish and later Hormuz, and the cultural activities of this area had an important impact on the intellectual life of southern Iran. In the 7th century, Sheikh Rukn al-Din Daniyal Khanji, one of the great scholars and one of the disciples of Sheikh Abu Ishaq Kazrooni, by living in Khanj and attracting many students and disciples, made this city the center of cultural activities and at the same time established his connection with maritime trade centers, including Hormuz also maintained his disciples in the mentioned areas of great power] #3263 Vathoqi, Mohammad Baqir , Takwi, Karamatullah , Rahmani, Sadiq , Abdi Rad, Manouchehr, Detailed history of Larestan, همسایه, 2006 ~ « fn. 8 Barros (op. cité) dit que, même de son temps, les rois de Hormuz payaiont "à la mosquée qui se trouvaitsüans le district Hogez Sheik Danial, près la ville de Lar". Hongez pourrait bion être soit, comme le suggère Sinclair (op. cité p. 163) une corruption du mot person khônigah (= monastère), seit simplement Hujrah (= collulo). Ou faut-il considérer ceci comme une erreur de copiste qui aurait oublié la lettre V (et), séparant les deux mots Khonj et Bal = Pal = Fal. En effet nous avons les deux villes célèbres de Khonj (persan ancion Khong (coin isolé, endroit désolé) et Pål (porsan an- cion Pal) toutes deux placées dans cette région. (Cf Fasaï op. cité p.197). [8 Barros (op. cit.) says that even in his time the kings of Hormuz paid "at the mosque which was in the district Hogez Sheik Danial, near the city of Lar". Hongez could well be either, as Sinclair suggests (op. cit. p. 163) a corruption of the word person khônigah (= monastery), or simply Hujrah (= collulo). Or should we consider this as a copyist's error who forgot the letter V (and), separating the two words Khonj and Bal = Pal = Fal. Indeed we have the two famous cities of Khonj (Persian ancion Khong (isolated corner, desolate place) and Pål (Porsan ancion Pal) both located in this region. (Cf. Fasaï op. cit. p. 197).] » #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, Bruxelles, 1949, ~ p. 41 ※ SOURCE for Khunj « From 'Abbās Khan's information it became clear that no safe passage could be assured for us by the direct route leading to Lar through the valleys of 'Alamarv-dasht and Khunj. It was hence considered necessary to prepare for a move down from Galehdär via Warāwi to Ishkanān, whence Lär could be reached through tracts farther away from the disturbed area to the north-west and hence less likely to be affected by the trouble. Transport and needful protection for that move had to be sought from the influential Khān of Warāwi, reported to be well-disposed, and while awaiting his reply and the completion of the arrange- ments required, I could profitably use the welcome opportunity offered for surveying reported old sites about Galehdär. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 217 « In the course of the thirteenth century the town of Khunj, southeast of Shiraz, had an important khanagah, an outgrowth of the order of Sheikh Abu Ishaq of Kazerun (Aubin 1969, 25). The nearby town of Fal was also an important center of learning in southern Iran, and its leaders exercised an important influence in Shiraz during the period of the last Salghurid atabegs, when the Sufi order of Abdallah-i Khafif maintained a powerful center on the eastern edge of Shiraz (Aubin 1969, 24-25). The twin towns Khunj-o-Fal, situated in the mountains behind Siraf, appear to have replaced the medieval port as a population center and center of commerce. The first sheikhs of Khunj-o-Fal were active in the construction of "qanats, buildings, mosques, madrasas, bridges and ribats" (Aubin 1969, 28). This accords weIl with the fifteenth-century archaeological evidence from Siraf, where the Friday mosque was reconstructed and a large shrine and » #3143 Whitcomb, Donald S., Before the Roses and Nightingales: Excavations at Quasr-i Abu Nasr, Old Shiraz, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1985 ~ p. 37 « KHUNJ -LAT., 27° 53'; LONG, 53° 29'. A village in a district of the same name in S.-E. Fars, the district is bounded on the N. by Juyum and Bidshahr, Afzar and Araba'ch, on the -E. by Laristan, on the W. by Galehdaar on the S. by Asir and 'Alämärvasht » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ p. 557 « From this caravanserail, the modern road leaves the old caravan route and leads via Mahallache to Khundj, while the old caravan route leads via Fishvar and the southern slope of Kuh-e Leytu to Khundj; no caravanserails could be found on this route. One reason for this may be the fact that there are enough small towns along the route that could be used as stopping points. » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 300 ※ SOURCE for Khunju Pal « « We went on next to the city of Khunju Pal (sometimes pronounced Hunju Pal), (136) in which is the residence of the shaikh Abū Dulaf, whom we had set out to visit, and in whose hospice we lodged. ... I stayed with the shaikh Abū Duiaf only one day, on account of the urgency of the caravan in whose company I was travelling to press on. I heard that in this city of Khunju Pal there was a hospice in which there were a number of pious devotees, so I went to it in the evening and saluted their shaikh and them. fn. 136 Khunj-u Pal is a double name, for the towns of Khunj and Fal. Khunj lies 40 miles north-west of Lar, and is often confused with Hunj, about 50 miles south of Lar. The ruins of Fal lie 4 miles south of Gallah-Dar, some 60 miles west of Khunj, at 27° 38' N., 52° 39' E.; see Sir M. Aurel Stein, Archaeological Reconnaissances in North-West India and South-Eastern Iran (London, 1937), 220. There seems to be no explanation for Ibn Battūta's conjunction of the two names. » #357 Ibn Baṭu¯ṭah, Muh?ammad ibn ʿAbd Alla¯h, The Travels of Ibn Battuta translated with revisions and notes, from the Arabic text edited by C. Defre´mery and B. R. Sanguinetti, by H. A. R. Gibb., Hakluyt Society:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, Cambridge:New Delhi, 1958- :1993,~ p. » #357 Ibn Baṭu¯ṭah, Muh?ammad ibn ʿAbd Alla¯h, The Travels of Ibn Battuta translated with revisions and notes, from the Arabic text edited by C. Defre´mery and B. R. Sanguinetti, by H. A. R. Gibb., Hakluyt Society:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, Cambridge:New Delhi, 1958- :1993, ~ vol. 2 pp. 406-407 ※ SOURCE for Saj (Sah, Haj, Dah) « 1 Ist. 116, 140. I. H. 188. Yak. ii. 711; iv. 333, 974 F. N. 74 6. Mst. 171, 173, 180. Kaz. ii. 161. The name of the island is spelt Kays, Kaysh, and Kish (with dotted k or undotted k).The stages on the road down from Lâghir to Huzu are given by Mustawfi (p. 200), but as no modern traveller has followed this route the names are not to be found on the map, and are most uncertain; the distances are in farsakhs (leagues). From Lâghir 6 to Faryab district, thence 6 to the city of Saj (Sah, Haj, Dah, with many other variants), thence 5 to Ab-Anbár-i-Kinár, thence 5 to Haram (Siram or Marmaz), thence 6 down many steep passes to the village of Darûk (Dârzak, Ürak or Dâvrak), thence 6 to Mâhân (Hâmân or Mâyân), and thence 6 by the pass of Lardak to Huzû on the sea-shore.' The district Mustawfi calls Faryab is evidently identical with Bârâb, half-way between Kâriyân and Kurân, as given by Mukaddasi (p. 454). The city of Saj is a puzzle, none being known in this region, but possibly we should read Jamm (Ist. 106). This route, unfortunately, is not reproduced in the Jahân Numa, nor is it given by any Arab geographer. The coast of the Bani-as-Saffär would appear to have been identical with the 'Umárah coast, to judge by what Istakhri (p. 141) and Yakût (iii. 217) write. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ pp. 257 and 8 footnote Khonsar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071549 coordinate: lat 33.220521 long 50.314969 NIMA/GNS names: Khansar , Khavansar , Khonsar , Khunsar , Khvansar , Khvonsar , Shahr-e Khvonsar , خوانسار , VARIANT names: Khonsar , Khoon : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071391 coordinate: lat 28.902925 long 51.529126 NIMA/GNS names: Khoon , Khun , خون , VARIANT names: Khoon , Pounze-Khoûn , ※ SOURCE for Pounze-Khoûn « Le terrain s'a- planit tout à fait; on trouve plus loin un sen- tier qui conduit au village de Pounzè-Khoûn, éloigné de quatre farsengs [The land levels out completely; further on we find a path which leads to the village of Pounzè-Khoûn, four farsengs away.] » #3256 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Gazetteer of Persia Vol. IV, Printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1892 ~ vol. 2 p. 57 Khoosaf : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071467 coordinate: lat 32.780818 long 58.890586 NIMA/GNS names: Khoosaf , Khusef , Khusf , خوسف , VARIANT names: Khoosaf , Khoosk-i-Nakood caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 31.62515 long 65.056045 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Khoosk-i-Nakood caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Khoosk-i-Nakood caravanserai « We remounted when they had left, and stopped again, after two hours' riding, near a caravanserai of mud built by the English, named Khoosk-i-Nakood ; close to which we found one or two inhabited houses, with gardens, supplied with water from a kariz. Vast ruins surround this place ; the most remarkable is an immense artificial mound, anciently crowned by a fortress said to have been destroyed by Nadir Shah. This had undoubtedly been the citadel of the town, of which there are traces all round, but of which nothing habitable remains except an Imaumzadeh, where a dervish lives in charge of the tomb. » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 316 Khor Abdullah : place IRQ/IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CHNM UFI: -3101573 coordinate: lat 29.877535 long 48.383319 NIMA/GNS names: Khawr Shatanah , Khor `Abdullah , خور شطانة , خور عبد ? , VARIANT names: Khar Abdūllah , Khor Abdallah , Khor Abdulla , Khor Abdullah , Khore Abdillah , ※ SOURCE for Khar Abdūllah « Khar Abdūllah » in {map#1029 Kaart van de Perzische Golf, ed. A. Hotz, 1907 (1645), #2863 Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ ( Kaart No. IV) after p. 545} ※ SOURCE for Khor Abdallah « To the South of Basra, in a marshy area, the Khor Abdallah constitutes the most Western, but completely silted up, connection between the Euphrates and the Gulf. South from the Khor Abdallah lies the island of Bubiyan, which by this name is mentioned for the first time on the Van Keulen chart of 1753. The area was visited by some Dutch ships in 1644. (105) fn. 105 ARA, Geleynssen de Jongh papers nos. 280a-d: journals of the first expedition to Basra and the map made by this expedition in Karlsruhe, Landesbibliothek, Artus Gijsels papers no.478 showing the advance of the Dutchships to an entrance South from 24 degrees 48 minutes latitude: apparently the creek between Bubiyan and the entry of the Bay of Kuwait, cf. Slot, Origins, pp. 18-26. The name Bubiyan is found on the chart of the Gulf in J. van Keulen, Zeefackel, vol. 6. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 31 ※ SOURCE for Khor Abdulla « Khor Abdulla » in {map#1061 Lower Mesopotamia Between Baghdad and the Persian Gulf., War Office, London, 1915, Geographicus, New York} ※ SOURCE for Khore Abdillah « Khore Abdillah » in {map#1056 Map of Susiana or Khoozistan, , , #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 } « THE Euphrates appears always to have formed its principal junction with the Tigris at Gorno, or Khorna; but as, from the most early ages, it sent off canals on both sides, for the pur- poses of agriculture or communication, so it has happened that one of these which passed by Old Basra, and fell into the Khore Abdillah, has been mistaken by Pliny and Arrian for the real mouth. Arrian is so persuaded of this, that when Nearchus anchors at Diridótis, or Terédon, in the Khore Abdillah, he - calls it anchoring in the Euphrátes: and he says in another part of his work, that this mouth, or khore, is almost choked in consequence of the derivations which drain the stream above. The Khore Abdillah, upon the English charts, appears larger than any khore of the Tigris; and this circumstance, with which d'Anville was unacquainted, would have confirmed him, if he had known it, in his system, that it is the original mouth of the Euphrátes. fn. 396 See the map to his Memoir, and that of the Tigris and Euphrates. fn. 397 Charax habitatur in colle manufacto inter confluentes, dextra Tigris læva Eulaus. Plin. lib vi. c. 27. fn. 398 See Josephus, lib. i. Antiq. c. 7. Ste- phan. ΣTari xapa wokes in Ty μion T Tiyentos Miam, etc. all adduced by Cellarius, vol. ii. 488. but he is not contented to be right. He adds, Aberrat autem in eo quod in media Mesenâ illâ, quam Tigridis ostia con- stituunt, posuit. I build much upon the modern name of Muçan, and the Khore Moosa, and perhaps it ought always to have been written Mosena, or Moosena, from Muçan, which the Greeks made Mesênè, because they had a Messêne of their own. It is their practice in a thousand instances. I have, however, found reason to suppose that Mesen signifies an island, or per- haps more properly land surrounded by the arms of a river, possibly from the Greek μion, but I doubt it. See note 391. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 pp 432-3 Khor al Jarama : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: INLT UFI: -787490 coordinate: lat 22.500278 long 59.737778 NIMA/GNS names: Khawr Ai Jaramah , Khawr al Jaramah , Khawr Jirama , Khor al Jarama , Khor Jarameh , خور جراما , VARIANT names: Khor al Jarama , ※ SOURCE for Khor al Jarama « The Omanis had little opportunity for independent trading. When the Portuguese had been evacuated from Hormuz they had preserved the facade of the treaty with Hormuz by bringing to Muscat Muhammad Shah, nephew and namesake of the former ruler of Hormuz, and had set him up as titular prince of Arabia (Oman), (1) This Hormuzi prince and his officials still exercised some authority as late as 1633(2) albeit reinforced by Portuguese arms - but their influence was completely eclipsed by Portuguese domination of the sea from their baseline on the coast of Oman. They had firm control over nearly all the ports from Ra's al-Hadd to the tip of the Musandum Peninsula, as well as Julfar and Khasab on the other side. These included Sur, Quryat, Muscat, Muttrah, Sib, Suhar, Khur Fakkan, Daba and Lima. (3) Only three other coastal villages, Khur al-Jaramah, Tiwi and Qalhat, could be reckoned as trading ports, … fn. 1 Della Valle, op. cit., p.233. fn. 2 Carmelites, op. cit., p.331. fn. 3 Antonio Bocarro, Livro do Estado da India Oriental, BM MS Sloane -197, pts. ii and iii. » #2816 Bathurst, Raymond Denis, The Ya’rubi dynasty of Oman, (unpublished thesis), University of Oxford, 1967 ~ p. 83 « A matter of an exceptional character, of which the British authorities were obliged to take cognisance, was an attempt by the inhabitants of Ras-al-Hadd to extort dues from vessels using the harbour of Khor-al-Jaramah, concerning which and the somewhat similar Khor-al-Hajar a dispute as to proprietorship seems to have existed between the people of Ras-al-Hadd 1877-80, and those of Sür. A British war vessel visited the spot in connection with this affair about 1877; and again, in 1879, H.M.S. "Ready" at the request of the Sultan conveyed one of his officials to Sur and Ras-al-Hadd, when the disputed harbours were declared free to all lawful traders and the difference between the Arab disputants was at the same time composed. In 1880 fresh difficulties arose regarding the use of the two Khors, and the places concerned were visited by H.M.S. "Woodlark " and the Sultan's "Dar-as-Salam." All tolls on trading vessels entering the Khors were now finally abolished; but Nakhudas were required to pay for actual assistance received, and were advised to propitiate the local chiefs with occasional small presents. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 1 pt. 1 pp. 515-6 Khor Al-Sabiyah : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: CHNM UFI: -789880 coordinate: lat 29.6416667 long 48.1505556 NIMA/GNS names: Bubian , Bubiyan , Hor es Sabiyeh , Khawr as Sabihiyah , Khawr as Sabiyah , Khawr Sabiyah , Khor Al-Sabiyah , Khor as Sabiya , Khor as Subiya , Khor Sabiye , Khor-as- Sabiyah , VARIANT names: Khor Al-Sabiyah , Khor Bahmanshir : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3054787 coordinate: lat 30.107762 long 48.583732 NIMA/GNS names: Khor Bahmanshir , Khowr-e Bahmanshir , Rudkhaneh-ye Bahmanshir , رودخانه بهمن شیر , VARIANT names: Bahmisher river , Bamishere , Behmichir , Khor Bahmanshir , ※ SOURCE for Bahmisher river « Bahmisher river » in {map#1321 'Mouth of the Euphrates, Shatt Al Arab and Bahmishir River'. September 1912 Edition [?1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/1235/1912, in Qatar Digital Library, , , } ※ SOURCE for Bamishere « It has generally, though erroneously, been supposed, that the Shat-ool-Arab, (the combined stream of the Euphrates and Tigris,) enters the Persian Gulf by a variety of mouths. This mistake has probably arisen from the ignorance of navigators, about the rivers of Susiana, concluding that the seven channels which issue from the Deita into the sea, at no great distance from each other, were derived from the Shat-ool-Arab, the river with which they were chiefly acquainted. These channels, or khores, as they are called in Mr Cluer's map, preserve the following order: Cossisa Bouny, Bamishere, Karoon, Seluge, Mohilla, Goban, and Deria Bona. If it be proved that the Bamishere, the next in succession, as well as in magnitude, to the Cossisa Bouny, or Shat-ool-Arab, is not in the least augmented by the waters of the latter, clearly none of the others can; for the only means of communication is by the Hafar cut. Now, the Bamishere is the main stream of the Karoon. » #3458 The Edinburgh Encyclopaedia vol. 8, Joseph Parker, 1832 ~ p. 821 ※ SOURCE for Behmichir « Behmichir » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Khor Bahmanshir « 37. The enumeration ofl ocalities is probably borrowed from Ist., 89, 94, and passim. The only curious and new detail is "the mouth of Shir" (dahana-yi Shir) which may refer to the Bahamshir canal running to the east of the (Abbadan island, parallel to the Tigris. According to Maq., 419, a canal between the Karūn and Tigris was built only under the Būyid 'Adud al-daula (A.D. 949-83), cf. Barthold, Obzor, 127, and the canal, now called Bahamshir (still navigable), was probably the natural outlet of the river into the Persian Gulf. Cf. The Persian Gulf Pilot, Admiralty, 1864, p. 225. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 214 « This channel is little more than a mile in length ; the other constitutes the Bahamshír, a channel extending to the Gulf, and partaking of the characters of a river, and of an inlet of the sea. » #2984 William Francis Ainsworth, Researches in Assyria, Babylonia and Chaldaea, Forming Part of the Labours of the Euphrates Expedition, JohnW. Parker, London, 1838 ~ p. 200 Khor Chakabi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071460 coordinate: lat 28.4852 long 51.1101 NIMA/GNS names: Khor Chakabi , Khor Shahab , Khowr-e Shahab , Khur Shahabi , Khur Shaha'i , Khur-e Shahab , Khvor-e Shahab , خر چكابی , خر شهب , خور شهائی , خور شهاب , خور شهابی , VARIANT names: Khor Chakabi , Khour Chabi , ※ SOURCE for Khour Chabi « Celui-ci est à 2 kilomètres plus loin, au bord de la mer. C'est Khour Chabi, «petit port à poste de douane, peuplé par 70 habitants marins et cultivateurs, possédant 3 voiliers et exportant du plâtre et des dattes» (Vadala). [This one is 2 kilometers further, at the seaside. It is Khour Chabi, "a small port with a customs post, populated by 70 seafaring inhabitants and farmers, owning 3 sailboats and exporting plaster and dates" (Vadala).] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 49 Khor Doraq : stream grp 31 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CRKT UFI: -3088950 coordinate: lat 30.45976 long 49.021058 NIMA/GNS names: Khor Dhorak , Khor Doraq , Khor Zangi , Khovr-e Dowraq , Khowr-e Do Raqq , Khowr-e Dowraq , Khowr-e Zangi , Khur Duraq , خور دورق , خور زنگی , VARIANT names: Khor Doraq , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khor Doraq FOR Turaco [De Lagoa], ※ SOURCE for Khor Doraq tidal creek] « Khor Dorak trends westnorthwestward and is somewhat tortuous in its lower reaches; it afterwards takes a general northerly direction. » #2932 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf, Including the Gulf of Oman and the Mekrán Coast, Hydrographic Office, United States, 1931 ~ p. 290 Khor Khuwair : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -783371 coordinate: lat 25.965765 long 56.054708 NIMA/GNS names: Khawr Khuwayr , Khor Khuwair , Khuwair , VARIANT names: Khor Khuwair , ※ SOURCE for Khor Khuwair « A Bani Hasuun from Khor Khuwair remarked, I've been told that Khor Khuwair is really old, and predates Sha'am and Ghalilah. But who knows, when you remember the very old tombs from long before Islam at Ghalilah. » #2813 William Lancaster, Fidelity Lancaster, Honour is in Contentment Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighbouring Regions, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 2011 ~ p. 484 « They also form the population of the three northernmost places in the Sharjah Piincipality, viz., Sha’am, Ghalilah and Khor Khuwair, and of the village of Hail in Sir ; they are found, too, at Saham Town in Batinah. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1805 Khor Khuweir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.799102 long 51.022329 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Khor Khuweir , Khor Kwoire , Khore Khueer , Khore Kwoire , Khuwairah , ※ SOURCE for Khor Khuweir « Khor Khuweir » in {map#1016 Persian Gulf. Western Sheet, Constable and Stiffe, 1917, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837b} [location above not marked clearly. coordinates based on following description being 9 miles north of Bashi. PBR] « Khor Khuweir is a small creek about 9 miles northward of Bashi, dry at the entrance at low water; it is near the bottom of Halila bay, a large and rather shallow bay, the shores of which are low and sandy, formed between the coast about Báshi and Ras Halila, the south-west point of Bushire peninsula; near this khor is a small fort and date grove. At 2 or 3 miles north-westward of Khor Khuweir is the entrance to a large creek draining the great swampy plain inland of Bushire. Dry sands extend about a quarter of a mile off its mouth, which is nearly dry at low water, and the soundings within the bay are all under 3 fathoms, that depth being 4 or 5 miles off shore at Khor Khuweir; the bottom is chiefly mud. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890, ~ p. 270 « From this the coast line of the mainland runs about N. by W.; it is very low and ill defined, being, in rains, swampy for a considerable distance from the point reached by the tide; Bushire peninsula is separated from it by a large salt water swamp, called Mashíla. About 5 miles to northward of Khor Khuweir is the fort of Tangistán, the residence of the chief, which has many date trees round it, and the date groves are continuous from it for many miles to northward. This is the northern extremity of the Tangistání chief's territor. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890, ~ p. 270 ※ SOURCE for Khor Kwoire « A environ 3 km au nord-ouest de Khour Khouveir se trouve l'entrée d'une large baie (apparemment la baie de Halileh qui vient d'être mentionnée) qui draine la grande plaine marécageuse à l'est de Bouchir. Brucks qui avait voyagé vers 1829, en suivant la côte, indique la situa- tion de Khor Kwoire dans lat. 28° 47' 25, long. 51 4 et dit encore que c'est une crique sur la côte de Fars, à quelques milles au sud de la pointe de Halileh. Son entrée est à sec à la marée basse (cité d'après Mac Gregor). Le Khor Quore de C. Muller un peu au-dessous de la péninsule de Mesembria et auprès duquel il y a une localité nommée Rama> est sans doute identique au Khour Khouveir. Comme je l'ai déjà dit, Muller pense qu'il pourrait correspondre à l'Heratemis d'Arrien. Sur la carte de Monteith il y a aussi un Ramah juste au sud de ce khour. Chez Buckingham (début du XIX siècle), nous trouvons des idées un peu différentes et assez confuses. Il admet que son Khore Khueer, qui est petit et rarement visité à cause de sa proximité du port (de Bouchir) situé près de l'isthme de la péninsule de Bouchir, correspond peut- être au Koucher de de Thévenot mais n'est certainement pas le Padargus d'Arrien. Le Khore Zeana entre Bouchir et cap Berdistan correspond assez exactement au Hieratis d'Arrien. Le nom de cette crique serait encore, selon Buckingham, Zeara (Ziyarat) et serait identique au Khore- Essiri de Niebuhr et se trouverait aussi près d'Hieratis que de Gilla. [About 3 km north-west of Khour Khouveir is the entrance to a large bay (apparently the bay of Halileh just mentioned) which drains the large marshy plain east of Bouchir. Brucks, who travelled about 1829, following the coast, indicates the situation of Khor Kwoire in lat. 28° 47' 25, long. 51 4 and also says that it is a cove on the coast of Fars, a few miles south of the point of Halileh. Its entrance is dry at low tide (quoted from Mac Gregor). C. Muller's Khor Quore a little below the peninsula of Mesembria and near which there is a locality called Rama> is doubtless identical with Khour Khouveir. As I have already said, Muller thinks that it could correspond to Arrian's Heratemis. On Monteith's map there is also a Ramah just south of this khour. In Buckingham (early 19th century) we find somewhat different and rather confused ideas. He admits that his Khore Khueer, which is small and rarely visited because of its proximity to the port (of Bouchir) located near the isthmus of the Bouchir peninsula, perhaps corresponds to Thévenot's Koucher but is certainly not Arrian's Padargus. The Khore Zeana between Bouchir and Cape Berdistan corresponds fairly exactly to Arrian's Hieratis. The name of this cove would still be, according to Buckingham, Zeara (Ziyarat) and would be identical with Niebuhr's Khore-Essiri and would be as close to Hieratis as to Gilla.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 267 ※ SOURCE for Khore Khueer « The Khore Khueer which remains, is close to the foot of the peninsula of Bushire, and is small, and seldom frequented, from its vicinity to this port. This may perhaps be the Koucher of Thevenot, which is however doubtful; but it is certainly not the Padargus of Arrian, the next station of Nearchus beyond Hieratis; for the historian expressly says:- In this passage they had followed the winding of the coast round a peninsula, (on which they saw plantations and gardens, with all kinds of fruit-trees,) and anchored at a place called Mesambria." This, therefore, could be only descriptive of the peninsula of Bushire, to the northward of which this station is to be sought for. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 430 ※ SOURCE for Khore Kwoire « Between Ras Halilla and Khore Kwoire there is a small island near the shore, with two fathoms inside it, where boats not requiring more than five feet water lay sheltered. ... Khore Kwoire is a small creek, dry at the entrance at low-water, in lat. 28° 47' 25" N., long. 51° 4' E.; variation in 1827, 3° 47' W. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985, ~ p. 587 ※ SOURCE for Khuwairah « Nachträglich sei bemerkt, dass südlich von der Mündung des Khuwairah, bei dem heutigen Orte Baši, ältere Reisende wie Thevenot und Hamilton einen Ankerplatz der Portugiesen namhaft machen, Kûšer oder Curšoir genannt, 7 Leguas von Büšir; doch liegt dieser Punkt zu sehr abseits.[It should be noted later that south of the mouth of the Khuwairah, near today's Baši, older travelers such as Thevenot and Hamilton mention an anchorage of the Portuguese, called Kûšer or Curšoir, 7 leagues from Büšir; but this point is too remote.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 63 Khor Milkh 1 (KM1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL008703 converted to coordinate: lat 23.2296589148795 long 58.962447490649 VARIANT names: Khor Milkh 1 (KM1) , ※ SOURCE for Khor Milkh 1 (KM1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Khor Milkh 2 (KM2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL009702 converted to coordinate: lat 23.2287439254189 long 58.9634111530524 VARIANT names: Khor Milkh 2 (KM2) , ※ SOURCE for Khor Milkh 2 (KM2) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Khor Musa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ESTY UFI: -3076094 coordinate: lat 30.088844 long 48.98555 NIMA/GNS names: Khor Musa , Khowr-e Musa , Khowr-e Musa Bay , خور موسی , VARIANT names: Khor Musa , ※ SOURCE for Khor Musa «27 Kher Musa (Moses) Hij vormt de uitmonding van den Blinden Karün en den Djerrahi. Een khor beteekent hier een diepe geul tusschen zandbanken. De ligging van deze geul is op de oudere kaarten in het geheel niet en op de nieuwere niet nauwkeung aangegeven. De Admiralty Chart, uit hoofde van de loodingen in de geul zelf aangeteekend, plaatst den naam ver van de monding. Zij bevindt zich ten O. van het eiland Goban (ten Z. daarvan ligt de Maidan Ali, een droge bank die geleidelijk naar het Z. daalt tot een ondiepte) en wordt op haar beurt ten O. begrensd door eene lange, smalle bank. Zij vormt den toegang tot den Bahmishir Ten tijde van R.'s reis lag de uitmonding meer noordelijk. daar de aanslibbing nog niet zoo ver gevorderd was. Zie nog noot 37. [27 Kher Musa (Moses) It forms the mouth of the Blind Karün and the Djerrahi. A khor here means a deep trench between sandbanks. The location of this channel is not indicated at all on the older maps and not accurately indicated on the newer ones. The Admiralty Chart, noted on account of the weightings in the trench itself, places the name far from the mouth. It is situated E. of the island of Goban (to the S. of which is the Maidan Ali, a dry bank which gradually drops S. to a shoal), and is bounded in its turn E. by a long, narrow bank. It forms the entrance to the Bahmishir. At the time of R.'s journey the mouth was more northerly. because the siltation had not progressed that far. See also note 37.] » #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907, ~ p. 389 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 17.03879 long 54.43432 VARIANT names: Abissagi , Abyssa , Basa , Khawr Rawri , Khor Reiri , Khor Rori (ruins) , Moscha , Sumhuram , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khor Rori (ruins) FOR Abissa [Potts, Groom], ※ SOURCE for Abissagi « D2 | Abyssa § Abissagi | R Khor Rori? OMN | Groom 1995, 185 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ Directory MAP 4 ARABIA-AZANIA p. 44 ※ SOURCE for Abyssa « D2 Abyssa § Abissagi | R | Khor Rori? OMN | Groom 1995, 185 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ Directory MAP 4 ARABIA-AZANIA p. 44 « Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 17.0397822, 54.4337802 »D.T. Potts, DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Abyssa: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2022 at online reference link [accessed 10 Mar 2023] ※ SOURCE for Basa « BASA or BASAG, a place on the south coast of Arabia, mentioned only by Pliny (vi. 28. s. 32), perhaps identical with Ptolemy's Abisa or Abissagi, a city situated on the Gulf of Salachitae, near the Straits of the Persian Gulf. This ancient site Forster identifies with Abissa, a town at the eastern extremity of the Gulf of Bassas, between Harmin and Ras-al-Had, under the Palheiros Mountains, which he conceives to be the Didymi montes of Ptolemy. (Arabia, vol. ii. pp. 182, 235.) [G. W.] » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1872 ~ vol. 1 p.380 ※ SOURCE for Khor Reiri « African marts of the Somali, in Socotra Island, but above all at Arabia Eudaemon (Aden), a prosperous and wealthy meeting-place of Greeks, Arabians, and Indians. Farther along, in Hadramaut, Cane (Hisn Ghorab) and Moscha (Khor Reiri), both trading with India, invited a call ((10). Fn. 10 Peripl. 25-6, 28, 32. Ezeh xxvii. 3 and 23 (Eden, Canneh). Muza rose to importance after the fall of Arabia Eudaemon, for which see below, pp. 15-16, 53. » #823 Warmington, E. H., The Commerce between the Roman Empire and India, Cambridge, 1928 ~ p. 9 ※ SOURCE for Khor Rori (ruins) Co-ordinates based on « Fig. 2. Map of the Khor Rori region. » and « Fig. 3. Plan of Sumhuram.. » in #868 Avanzini, Alessandra and Orazi, Roberto, The Construction Phases of Khor Rori's Monumental Gate, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2001 (Nov.) 12:249-259 ~ p. 251-2 ※ SOURCE for Moscha « African marts of the Somali, in Socotra Island, but above all at Arabia Eudaemon (Aden), a prosperous and wealthy meeting-place of Greeks, Arabians, and Indians. Farther along, in Hadramaut, Cane (Hisn Ghorab) and Moscha (Khor Reiri), both trading with India, invited a call ((10). (10) Peripl. 25-6, 28, 32. Ezeh xxvii. 3 and 23 (Eden, Canneh). Muza rose to importance after the fall of Arabia Eudaemon, for which see below, pp. 15-16, 53. » #823 Warmington, E. H., The Commerce between the Roman Empire and India, Cambridge, 1928 ~ p. 9 owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Moscha, 54.575877, 16.966481, YE, nkn, approx, 104, tmcIRa0100_034a » « Immediately beyond Syagrus the bay of Omana cuts deep into the coast-line, the width of it being six hundred stadia; and beyond this there are mountains. high and rocky and steep, inhabited by cave-dwellers for five hundred stadia more; and beyond this is a port established for receiving the Sachalitic frankincense; the harbor is called Moscha, and ships from Cana call there regularly; and ships returning from Damirica and Barygaza, if the season is late, winter there, » #487 W. H. Schoff, The Periplus of the Erythræan Sea ... Translated from the Greek and annotated by W. H. Schoff, Longmans Green and Co:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, London:New Delhi, 1912:1995 ~ pp. 33-4 « 32. The harbor called Moscha.—This is identified with Khor Reiri (17° 2' N., 54° 26' E. ), a protected inlet (now closed at low tide by a sand-bar) ; into which empties the Wadi Dirbat. It is a couple of miles east of the modern tpwn of Taka, in the eastern part of the plain of Dhofar, a fertile strip of some 50 miles along the coast between Ras Risut and Ras Mirbat, surrounded by the Gara Mountains. Marco Polo describes it (III, xxxviii) as a very good haven, so that there is a great traffic of shipping between this and India. " It is, no doubt, the harbor of the Abaseni ' ' of Stephanus Byzantius. The ancient capital, Saphar (whence the modern name of Dhofar, confused by many mediaeval geographers with Saphar or Zafar, the capital of the Homerites in Yemen) lay probably in the western part of the plain, near the modern Hafa. » #487 W. H. Schoff, The Periplus of the Erythræan Sea ... Translated from the Greek and annotated by W. H. Schoff, Longmans Green and Co:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, London:New Delhi, 1912:1995 ~ p. 140 ※ SOURCE for Sumhuram Co-ordinates based on « Fig. 2. Map of the Khor Rori region. » in #868 Avanzini, Alessandra and Orazi, Roberto, The Construction Phases of Khor Rori's Monumental Gate, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2001 (Nov.) 12:249-259 ~ p. 251 Khor Silaik Bahri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CHN UFI: -3086018 coordinate: lat 30.023466 long 48.890271 NIMA/GNS names: Khor Silaik , Khor Silaik Bahri , Khor Silgik Bahr , Khowr-e Salach , Khowr-e Salich , Khowr-e Sareyk Bahri , Khowr-e Selech , Khowr-e Soleyk , Khowr-e Soleyk Bahri , Khvor-e Salsach , خور سلچ , خور سلیچ , VARIANT names: Khor Silaik Bahri , Khor Zubair : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: CHNM UFI: -3112700 coordinate: lat 30.0469444 long 47.9583333 NIMA/GNS names: Hawr `Abd Allah , Hawr az Zubayr , Khawr az Zubayr , Khnr Zobier , Khor Zubair , VARIANT names: Khor Zubair , Khor-al-Qusair : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: INLT UFI: -3080410 coordinate: lat 29.253815 long 50.669447 NIMA/GNS names: Khar Qoseyr , Khor-al-Quesair , Khor-al-Qusair , Khowr al Qofeyr , Khowr ol Qoseyr , Khowr-e Goseyr , خور گسیر , VARIANT names: Khor Gasseir , Khor Kayir , Khor-al-Qusair , Serchat , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khor-al-Qusair FOR Nuchlat [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Khor Gasseir « Khor Gasseir » in {map#1083 Abrianus nicomedensis.tab XV Nearchi navigatio ab Indo ad Euphratem, Karl Müller, 1882, #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882 ~} « Khore Gassair is rather a large rivulet. Its entrance is in lat. 29° 11' 20" N., long. 50° 40' 50" E. It has a fathom and a quarter at low-water at the entrance, and two and a half and three fathoms inside at low- water. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985, ~ p. 584 ※ SOURCE for Khor Kayir « The description , however, appears to refer to the island at the mouth of the Khor Kayir. » #2998 William Ainsworth, A Personal Narrative of the Euphrates Expedition, K.Paul, Trench and Company, London, ~ vol. 2 p. 120 ※ SOURCE for Serchat « Serchat » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 Khoran Bridge : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.993367 long 47.792638 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Khorran Bridge پل خُران VARIANT names: Khoran Bridge , Khorasan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RGN UFI: -3071165 coordinate: lat 34 long 56 NIMA/GNS names: Khoras , Khorasan , Khorasan va Sistan , Khorass , Khorassan , Khurasan , خراسان , خراسان و سيستان , خرس , خرس , خرسن , VARIANT names: Khorasan , Khurasan , Khore Gassair : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: INLT independent coordinate: lat 29.188889 long 50.680556 VARIANT names: Khor Gasseir , Khore Gassair , ※ SOURCE for Khor Gasseir « Khor Gasseir » in {map#1113 Plate XV, Karl Müller, 1882, #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882 ~} ※ SOURCE for Khore Gassair « Khore Gassair is rather a large rivulet. Its entrance is in lat. 29° 11' 20" N., long. 50° 40' 50° E. It has a fathom and a quarter at low- water at the entrance, and two and a half and three fathoms inside at low-water. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985, ~ p. 584 Khore Khodhima : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: INLT independent coordinate: lat 29.136111 long 50.666944 VARIANT names: Khore Khodhima , ※ SOURCE for Khore Khodhima « Khore Khodhima, or Old Rohilla, is an inlet, with several sandbanks inside; lat. 29° 6' 25" N., long. 50° 40' 1" E.; soundings one to three fathoms. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985, ~ p. 584 Khore Rohilla : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.136111 long 50.702778 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Khor Rohilla , Khor Rúhilla , Khore Rohilla , ※ SOURCE for Khor Rohilla « Khor Rohilla » in {map#1113 Plate XV, Karl Müller, 1882, #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882 ~} ※ SOURCE for Khor Rúhilla « Khor Rúhilla. From Ras ash Shatt the low strip of land forming the coast has a N.N.W. direction for 5 miles to the entrance of this khor, which is navigated by boats of small burden for some miles to the village of the same name. It is shallow at the entrance, and after rains a good deal of water is discharged through it from a river, in which there is always water beyond the range of the tide. Its banks are overflowed at high water for some distance from the mouth, the coast line being only a few feet above the level of high water, and consisting of a narrow strip of sand, with a few tufts of grass. The village of Rú hilla is small, the only thing seen from seaward over the swamps, is a small clump of date trees 5 miles N.E. of the entrance; there are several other salt water creeks on either side of this one, each of which has a native name; they are all shallow at the entrance, and have deep water inside, and are no doubt part of the delta of the river. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890, ~ pp. 288-9 « The coast from Ras ash Shatt trends north-northwestward 5 miles to the entrance to Khor Ruhilla and is low and sandy, with a few tufts of grass; the 5-fathom (9.1 m.) curve is about 2.5 miles, and the 3-fathom (5.5 m.) curve 1.5 miles, off it. Khor Buhilla (Rud Hilleh) is the mouth of Ruhilla River, which is formed by the junction of the Shapur and Daliki Rivers about 30 miles inland; the Ruhilla regularly floods after the melting of the snow in the mountains. The khor is navigable by small craft to Ruhilla Village, which is situated near a clump of date trees 6 miles northeastward of the entrance. The entrance is shallow, and the banks cover at high water. » #2932 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf, Including the Gulf of Oman and the Mekrán Coast, Hydrographic Office, United States, 1931, ~ p. 283 and #2772 United States Hydrographic Office, Persian Gulf Pilot: Comprising the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Omán and the Makran Coast, Hydrographic Office Publication No. 158, The Persian Gulf Pilot, Washington, 1920, ~ p. 270 ※ SOURCE for Khore Rohilla « Khore Rohilla is a small river, in lat. 29° 8' 10" N., long. 50° 42' 10" E. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985, ~ p. 584 Khormaleq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3380854 coordinate: lat 32.2813889 long 62.4675 NIMA/GNS names: Kareze Kalan , Khermalik , Khormaleq , Khurmaleq , Khurmalik , VARIANT names: Gre , Khormaleq , Khormalik , Vea , ※ SOURCE for Gre Des folgenden Tages hielten wir zu Gre. Ich Ich hätte es für eine Wuste halter missen/wenn ich nicht viel unter schwarzen Gezelten wohnende Kuh- und Schaffhirten angetroffen håtte. Waffer war genung allhier/auch Dattelbaume/welche aber dieses Jahr unfruchtbar waren. [The following day we stopped at Gre. I would have mistaken it for a desert if I hadn't encountered many cowherds and sheepherders living under black tents. There were enough here, including date palms, which, however, were barren this year.] ※ SOURCE for Khormalik « 17. Khormalik (16 miles-215 miles 4 furlongs). - Water good and plentiful; cultivation in the neighbourhood; the road crosses two ranges of hills, one pass being stony and difficult for camels. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 ※ SOURCE for Vea « The 23. day at night we went 5 forsongs to a Town called Vea. where are great store of Feltmakers which al|so make felt Carpets and weauers of Turkie Carpets, there are also great store of Dates, and all sorts of fruits. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 50 « one of most note was called Vea, for the store of Felts and Carpets made there, and for the plenty of Dates, and all sorts of fruits. » #2540 Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, 1905, ~ vol. 3 p. 85 Khormaleq Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.285581 long 62.465928 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: ghale kharmalgh قلعه خرمالق VARIANT names: Khormaleq Castle , Khormayak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071180 coordinate: lat 28.7455 long 52.0994 NIMA/GNS names: Khormayak , Khumriak , خرمایک , VARIANT names: Barmak , Khormayak , Khumriak , ※ SOURCE for Barmak « At 2 miles, on the S. side of the road, arethe ruins of a building, known as Chehar Taq. Out in the plainto the S.-E. another similar ruin is sighted, and beyond it thevillage of Barmak (vide stage 5), said to be 2 fursakhs distantfrom the road » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. ※ SOURCE for Khumriak « Khumriak » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad H-39W 1948} Khorramabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071194 coordinate: lat 33.487778 long 48.355833 NIMA/GNS names: Khorramabad , Khur Ramabad , خرم آباد , VARIANT names: Khorramabad , Khorremabad , Khurramabad , ※ SOURCE for Khorremabad « From Khorremabad to Dizful there are three caravan routes, but only two of those would be available for the construction of the road, as the direct route passing over the Kialan mountains is much too difficult to be thought of.Route No. 1, marked on map, passes along the direct route as far as Deliz Pass, and from that poins strikes away to the west to avoid the Kialan mountains, while route No. 2 takes a western course from Khorremabad, and joins route marked No. 1 at point A on plan. On route No. I three small bridges would be required to be built, the first near Shahinshah, the second between Shimish and Nasrabad, and the third between Nasrabad and Deliz; and on route No. 2 three large bridges would require to be built at Pul-i-Keshkou, Madian-Rud and Pul-i-Dokhter, while from point A on map to Dizful two bridges would be required, one over the Leilum, and one over the Fani. The bridge across the Ab-i-Zal is in a fairly good condition. Traffic might be carried on by route No. 1 without any bridge work at all, but it would be with much difficulty that carts could ford the rivers on route No. 2. » #3531 Correspondence, Printed Papers and Newspaper Cuttings Relating to the Persian Bank Mining Rights Corporation Ltd, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/71, in Qatar Digital Library, 1889-92 ~ p. 549/588 ※ SOURCE for Khurramabad « Just as the Pul-i- Kashgan lies on the most direct route from Khurramabad to Koh-i-dasht, so also does the Pul-iKalhiir lie on the route from Khurramabad to Tarhan. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 273 « KHURRAMABAD General direction N.-N.-E. The road crosses a valley which is swampy, and then crosses the Dar-i-Rüd just above its junction with the Ab-i-Khurramābād, which is generally fordable, but swift and difficult to cross when in flood; it is unnecessary to do so, however, the road keeping to the east of the river and its groves of poplars is followed to the north end of the town, where a fine bridge spans the stream. At 7 miles a ruined bridge, supposed to be Sassanian, indicates the old road now no longer in use. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 153 Khorramdasht Chahar Taq : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 33.852398 long 51.582964 VARIANT names: Khorramdasht Chahar Taq , ※ SOURCE for Khorramdasht Chahar Taq Khorramdasht Chahar Taq Kaschan, Iran (Islamische Republik), Asien online reference link [accessed 04 Jan 2025] Khorramshahr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071225 coordinate: lat 30.44079 long 48.184283 NIMA/GNS names: Al-Muhammarah , Khorram Shahr Abadan , Khorramchahre , Khorramshahr , Khunin Shahr , Khurramshahr , Mohammerah , Muhammerah , خرمشهر , VARIANT names: Khorramshahr , Mohammerah , ※ SOURCE for Mohammerah « Khorramshahr, formerly Mohammerah, city and port, southwestern Iran. It lies on the right (west) bank of the Kārūn River where it enters the Shatt al-Arab, 45 miles (72 km) from the Persian Gulf. The city occupies the site of the old ʿAbbāsid port of Mohammerah, but it was already in existence at the time of Alexander the Great. » at online reference link khoshan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.316841 long 46.206748 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Chuscan , khoshan , Khouchan , ※ SOURCE for Chuscan Mardsch al-Qal'a (مرج القلعة ‚Schlossweide‘),[12] eine befestigte Stadt, in der Nähe der Stadt Kirind und des Dorfes Chuschan (خوشان Xūšān; verloren) online reference link [accessed 04 Feb 2025] ※ SOURCE for Khouchan « Nous fimes après quatre heures de chemin, et campames à Guirind, premier Konak de la Perſe que l'on rencontre fur cette route. Guirind et Khouchan ſont deux villages au haut de la montagne de Halvan; le premier eſt ruiné, mais le ſecond eft habité. Il y paſſe un gros ruiſſeau, et l'air y est très-ſain. [We traveled four hours later and camped at Guirind, the first Konak of Persia that one encounters on this route. Guirind and Khouchan are two villages at the top of the Halvan mountain; the first is ruined, but the second is inhabited. A large stream flows through it, and the air is very healthy.] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 176 Khoshkrud Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , كاروانسرای شاه عباسی , VARIANT names: Begum , Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , Khoshkrud Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Begum « The 12th daye at night we ca(me to) Begum (1), a fayer caravansero; (the) water here is brackish. This ca(ravansero) was built by the Shaw [Shah] or King then, weh was, as I vnderstood, this Shaw A(bbases) father. Here we rested in the heat of the daye, haueing traveled 10 lges, fn. 1 See Herbert's Travels, p. 214, note. Apparently this was known as the Begum's Caravanserai, having been built by Zaynab Begum, daughter of Shah Tahmäsp and chief wife of Shah Abbas. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 64 ※ SOURCE for Khoshkrud Caravanserai CHECK Khosravi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071290 coordinate: lat 34.3928 long 45.4741 NIMA/GNS names: Khosravi , Khosrovi , Khosrowvi , Khusrawi , Khusrovi , خسروی , VARIANT names: Khosravi , Khosrowabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071306 coordinate: lat 33.3627 long 51.1937 NIMA/GNS names: Khosrowabad , Khowsrowabad , Khusrabad , Qasrabad , خسرو آباد , VARIANT names: Khosrowabad , Khosrowabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071308 coordinate: lat 33.585 long 48.9936 NIMA/GNS names: Khosrowabad , خسرو آباد , VARIANT names: Khosrowabad , Khosuyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071334 coordinate: lat 28.5427 long 54.388 NIMA/GNS names: Khosuyeh , Khusu , خسویه , VARIANT names: Hasu , Khosuyeh , Khusu , ※ SOURCE for Hasu « Hasū VID4 Khosüyeh Iran Territoire (nahiya) et son chef-lieu, à une étape Darābagird I 108, Η 268, Muq 421, 423, 454 LS 291, Schw 105, DKI 151 »#2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 50 « Darābegird 1 day Hasū 4) 1 day Kerib 1 day Guwaim Abi Ahmed 5) 1 day Kārijān 6) 1 day Bārāb 1 day Kurān 7) 1 day Sirāf 8). »#1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 201 « Hasü, die Hauptstadt war Rübeng (16), sie hatte Befestigung und Vorstadt (17). Nach Mukaddasi führte der Weg von Darabegirdnach Siraf am ersten Tage bis Hasū (1). Die neueren Karten bieten Kusu (2) s. Darab. Bei Mukaddasi wird Hasü als besonderer Bezirk aufgeführt.fn. 16 lst. 108, 2 (Hank. 184, 8); vgl. Jak. 2, 828, 11.fn. 17 Ist. 116, 9 (Hank. 187, 14). fn. 1 Muk. 454, 6 [Hasü, the capital was Rübeng (16), it had fortifications and a suburb (17). After Mukaddasi, the route from Darabegird to Siraf led on the first day to Hasū (1). The newer maps show Kusu (2) s. Darab. In Mukaddasi, Hasü is listed as a special district.fn. 16 lst. 108, 2 (Hank. 184, 8); cf. Jak. 2, 828, 11. fn. 17 Ist. 116, 9 (Hank. 187, 14). fn. 1 Muk. 454, 6] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ pp. 105-106 ※ SOURCE for Khusu « KHUSU LAT. 28° 32' N.; LONG. 54° 27' E.; ELEV A square mud fort in the Darab district of Fars, 11 miles north of Hajiābād (6) on the road from Lar to Darab. The fort lies about 600 yards west of the road and is situated in the midst of trees and cultivation. It is the residence of the Khan of the Bahārlū tribe. Water here is plentiful and is obtained from streams.-(Vaughan, 1890.) »#2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 pp. 567-8 In the western portion of this wide tract three considerable mounds near the small village of Madavan yielded on trial excavation plenty of painted ceramic ware besides other relics of chalcolithic civilization. Designs on the pottery representing horned sheep and other beasts curiously recalled the painted ware of Susa. One of these mounds, known as Tal-i-skau, might from its great size be well described as a town site. Two more mounds of the same early period, also extensive and yielding similar painted pottery, were subsequently investigated near Khusu, on the route leading south towards Lar. NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 37.1166 long 79.9166 VARIANT names: Khotan , ※ SOURCE for Khotan owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Khotan, 79.9166, 37.1166, CN, nkn, exact, 68, tmcIRa0100_061a » Stein 1st Central Asian Expedition Khowr Khalil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: INLT UFI: -3070448 coordinate: lat 29.557788 long 50.506109 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr Khalil , Khowr-e Khalil , VARIANT names: Core Khalele , Khowr Khalil , ※ SOURCE for Core Khalele « Ras Poshoon, in lat. 29° 39' N., lon. 50° 28' E., is 6 leagues distant, and bearing about N.W. by N. from Bunda Reight. S.E. of Poshoon is Gonarra Bay, so called from the mosque and extensive ruins of this name near the shore, in lat. 29° 33' N. About a mile to the southward of Gonarra is a small inlet called Core Khalele. In Gonarra Bay, ships may anchor in 4 fathoms, and be sheltered from northerly winds by the land of Ras Poshoon projecting to the westward. About 7 miles to the north- ward of this headland, part of the chain of interior hills approach within 4 miles of the coast, directly East from Cooe Bang. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1852, ~ p. 420 Khowr-e Atij : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ESTY UFI: 14709854 coordinate: lat 29.127166 long 50.66137 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e `Atij , خور عطیج , VARIANT names: Khowr-e Atij , Khowr-e Bandar Rig : stream grp 4 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ESTY UFI: 14711518 coordinate: lat 29.458962 long 50.637401 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e Bandar Rig , خور بندر ریگ , VARIANT names: Khowr-e Bandar Rig , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khowr-e Bandar Rig FOR Shadekan [Herzfeld], Khowr-e Botaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: INLT UFI: 11710195 coordinate: lat 27.8439 long 51.790665 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e Botaneh , خور بطانه , VARIANT names: Batanoh , Battoonah Tower , Khowr-e Botaneh , ※ SOURCE for Batanoh « Batanoh » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} ※ SOURCE for Battoonah Tower « Battoonah Tower is a small Martello tower, at the village of the same name . It is in lat . 27° 49' 30" N. , long . 58° 53 ' 35" E. » #2994 ed. Robert Hughes Thomas, Historical and Other Information Connected with Place in the Persian Gulf, government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, 1856 ~ p. 590 Khowr-e Fars : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ESTY UFI: 14709853 coordinate: lat 29.193112 long 50.646773 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e Fars , خور فارس , VARIANT names: Khowr-e Fars , Khowr-e Guban : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CRKT UFI: 10217343 coordinate: lat 30.209709 long 48.659473 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e Guban , خور گوبان , VARIANT names: Khowr-e Guban , Khowr-e Keb : stream grp 26 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11768664 coordinate: lat 26.836705 long 55.667465 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e Keb , خور کب , VARIANT names: Khowr-e Keb , Khowr-e Mah Shahr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CRKT UFI: -3073574 coordinate: lat 30.434571 long 49.144942 NIMA/GNS names: Khor Mashur , Khowr-e Ma`shur , Khowr-e Mah Shahr , Khowr-e Mahshahr , خور ماه شهر , خور ماهشهر , VARIANT names: Bunder Mashoar , Khowr-e Mah Shahr , ※ SOURCE for Bunder Mashoar « Bunder Mashoar » in {map#1105 Sketch Map of the Gulf of Persia' [?32r] (1/2), , 1863, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F126/48, f 31, in Qatar Digital Library} Khowr-e Mezim : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ESTY UFI: 14711516 coordinate: lat 29.287068 long 50.665079 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e Mezim , Mezin , خور مزیم , مزین , VARIANT names: Khowr-e Mezim , Khowr-e Portugat : stream grp 26 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11768789 coordinate: lat 26.81312 long 55.696239 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e Portugat , خور پرتوگت , VARIANT names: Khowr-e Portugat , Khowr-e Shakari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ESTY UFI: 11237544 coordinate: lat 28.970335 long 50.88355 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e Lashgari , Khowr-e Lashkari , Khowr-e Shakari , خور شكری , خور لشكری , خور لشگری , VARIANT names: Khowr-e Shakari , Khowr-e Sineh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -3197076 coordinate: lat 29.843569 long 50.248907 NIMA/GNS names: Khor Sini , Khowr-e Sineh , Khowr-e-Sini , VARIANT names: Khowr-e Sineh , Khowr-e Soltani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none UFI: 11237545 coordinate: lat 28.989142 long 50.842314 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e Soltani , خور سلطانی , VARIANT names: Khowr-e Soltani , Khur Sultani , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khur Sultani FOR Rodom [Lagoa], ※ SOURCE for Khowr-e Soltani #Error ※ SOURCE for Khur Sultani « There are three small channels through it, which are used at high water by boats bound between Khur Sultani and the vessels in the outer anchorage. … Buoys. A black buoy, with staff and flag, is moored in about fathoms northward of Ras al Marg, the western extremity of Lakfa Sands; a red conical buoy is moored in the fairway to Khor Sultani, at 14 miles northward of Bushire, and a black and white vertically-striped buoy farther in, on the west side of Alafdan sandbank, east side of entrance to the Khor. » #2772 United States Hydrographic Office, Persian Gulf Pilot: Comprising the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Omán and the Makran Coast, Hydrographic Office Publication No. 158, The Persian Gulf Pilot, Washington, 1920 ~ p. 262 Khowr-e Ziarat : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11714090 coordinate: lat 28.157382 long 51.311036 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e Ziarat , خور زيارت , VARIANT names: Chôr Essîre , Core Jayrah , Jayrah , Khôr Essire , Khôr Geirah , Khor Ziyarat , Khore Zeara , Khore Ze-arad , Khore-Esseri , Khor-i-Ziaret , Khowr-e Ziarat , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khowr-e Ziarat FOR Core Jayrah [Brucks], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khowr-e Ziarat FOR Khôr Geirah [Tomaschek], ※ SOURCE for Chôr Essîre « Chôr Essîre » in {map#1035 Tab: XIX Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A)} see AHduGP map 102 ※ SOURCE for Core Jayrah « Core Jayrah » in {map#1116 Chart of the Gulf of Persia. Constructed from the Trigonometrical Surveys, George Barnes Brucks, 1830, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3630/19/1-2, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Jayrah « Jayrah » in {map#1113 Plate XV, Karl Müller, 1882, #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882 ~} [Muller marks « Sir Rhegian Fl. » and « Sitiogagus (Plin.) » upstream from « Jayrah ». PBR] ※ SOURCE for Khôr Essire « Des Perfans qui n'ont point de vaiffeaux et ne vivent que du produit de leurs terres, habitent entre le cap de Berdiflan et le domaine d' Abu fchäbbr. Ce diſtrict comprend Helad, Om en khüle, Rás el khân et خور الزيارة Khor effire, » #2874 Carsten Niebuhr, Description de l'Arabie faite sur des observations propres et des avis recueillis dans les lieux mêmes, S. J. Baalde, Amsterdam, 1774, ~ p. 272 [the above spelling changes to «Chôr Essîre » in {map#1035 Tab: XIX Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A)} see AHduGP map 102. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Khôr Geirah « Der Khôr Ziyarat, der von Karsten Niebuhr vermerkte Khôr Geirah, und andere Creeks münden nördlich von Ras al-Khân; der erst genannte Creek ist gewöhnlich seicht; [The Khôr Ziyarat, the Khôr Geirah noted by Karsten Niebuhr, and other creeks flow north of Ras al-Khân; the first-named creek is usually shallow;] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 60 « Tomaschek verweist auf eine von Balbi verzeichnete Insel Cailon und Khor Geirah (3)) bei Karsten Niebuhr ). fn. 3) Wahrscheinlich Irrtum; Niebuhrs Chór Essire auf der Karte XIX ist Haur az-Zijāra (vgl. Text S. 315). [Tomaschek refers to an island of Cailon and Khor Geirah (3) recorded by Balbi at Karsten Niebuhr). fn. 3) Probable error; Niebuhr's Chór Essire on Chart XIX is Haur az-Zijāra (cf. text p. 315).] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ vol. II p. 90 ※ SOURCE for Khor Ziyarat « Das Alles passt am besten auf die Bardistân-Bänke mit dem sich anschliessenden Mündungsgebiet des Khor Ziyarat. [All this fits best on the Bardistân banks with the adjoining estuary of the Khor Ziyarat.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 59 ※ SOURCE for Khore Zeara « Zeara, which is the name of the creek, is quite as near to Hieratis as Gilla, and needs no torturing to make it appear so. It is the same which is called Khore-Esseri by Niebuhr; » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 429 « In the list of places with which I had been furnished, as existing between Ras Bendistan and Bushire, there appeared first on passing that Cape, the Khore of Um el Goorm; then beyond it, at no marked distance, Khore Zeara; after which, the town of Fangeseer; and then Khore Khueer, which was but a little to the southward of Bushire Point. » #2636 The Oriental Herald, London, 1828 ~ vol. 19 p. 53 ※ SOURCE for Khore Ze-arad « It passes across the plain and opcns into the sea at Khore Ze-arad, where it enters the plain of Khorninj : it is 120 yards wide, and on the day I crossed it it was 3½ feet deep ; but it was said then to be unusually low, for at this season it is almost always necessary to cross it on a raft. It is here called the River Moon, and even now it is slightly brackish. Vessels of forty or fifty tons ascend it almost opposite to Kalree. » #1195 Colvill, W.H., Land Journey along the Shores of the Persian Gulf, from Bushire to Lingah, The Geographical Journal, London, 1866-1867, 11:1:36-8 ~ p. 37 ※ SOURCE for Khore-Esseri « Dr. Vincent displayed more judgment in observing that Khore-Esseri was literally the channel of Esseri; though, he adds, that Esser doubtless has a relative sense. Zeara is the pronunciation of the pilots, and this is near enough to Esseri to suppose it to be the same; but I could learn no relative meaning that this possessed. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ p. 430 ※ SOURCE for Khor-i-Ziaret « The most important fact which I have ascertained through the information I have collected in different parts of the country is the identity of the Kara-Aghatch River and of the Khor-i-Ziaret, or, as it is called in the Dashti, the Mund River, » #1453 Ross, E. C., Notes on the River Mand, or Kara-Aghatch (The Sitakos of the Ancients) in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1883 (Dec.), New Monthly Series 5:12:712-6 ~ p. 714 ※ SOURCE for Khowr-e Ziarat « Khowr-e Ziarat (28°10'N., 51°19'E.) is a small creek lying 9 miles N of Ras-e Khan. 14.16 Anchorage, unsheltered, can be taken, in a depth of 7.3m, mud, about 2 miles off the entrance of Khowr-e Ziarat. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 298 Khowrlul : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10024155 coordinate: lat 27.316685 long 56.287986 NIMA/GNS names: Khowrlul , Khvorlul , خورلول , VARIANT names: Chahaly , Khowrlul , ※ SOURCE for Chahaly « Left at 8 A.M., and gradually descending an even slope, moreor less stony, and cut up here and there by watercourses, at last came to the usual dry bed of a river; followed this for something over a quarter of an hour, and then got out into a plain with ?? Chahaly and Issin on our right front. Halted at Chahaly, where??we were met by men from the Governor. Distance 8 miles. Leaving Chahaly, immediately dropped into the wide bed of a river with high sandstone cliffs on each side. This we followed for 20 minutes, and then ascending the cliffs to the right by a sharp, short pass, got into a lot of curious sandstone hills cut up in every direction into funny forms and peaks by the effects of running water, Followed along a road in the plateau of sandstone, which was nothing but a series of narrow troughs cut by the innumerable feet of donkeys and assisted by rain, for over an hour, and then descending quickly, came on to the sands which surround Bandar Abbas. It rained almost the whole time, and the clouds were both thick and low, so no distant view was to be got, Distant 16 miles. Chahaly, -20 houses, 60 people, 3,000 date-palms; no mules or donkeys. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 22 Khowru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10334832 coordinate: lat 28.8411 long 52.3208 NIMA/GNS names: Khowru , خورو , VARIANT names: Khour , Khour , Khowru , ※ SOURCE for Khour « Khour » in {map#1217 in #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ fig. 20. Carte. Trajet de Dar-ol-Mizan à Firouzabad.} « Mes hôtes ne sont pas disposés à me faire conduire à Konar Siyah qui n'est connu par aucun d'eux, mais le vieillard me promet un guide qui m'accompagnera jusqu'à Khour, village récemment construit, avec poste de gendarmerie, de l'autre côte des montagnes; de là, il Y aurait un sentier menant dans la direction de Konar Siyah. [My hosts were not willing to take me to Konar Siyah which is not known by any of them, but the old man promises me a guide who will accompany me to Khour, a recently built village, with gendarmerie post, on the other side of the mountains; of there would be a path leading in the direction of Konar Siyah.] »#3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 156 ※ SOURCE for Khour « Khour » in {map#1217 in #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ fig. 20. Carte. Trajet de Dar-ol-Mizan à Firouzabad.} « Mes hôtes ne sont pas disposés à me faire conduire à Konar Siyah qui n'est connu par aucun d'eux, mais le vieillard me promet un guide qui m'accompagnera jusqu'à Khour, village récemment construit, avec poste de gendarmerie, de l'autre côte des montagnes; de là, il Y aurait un sentier menant dans la direction de Konar Siyah. [My hosts were not willing to take me to Konar Siyah which is not known by any of them, but the old man promises me a guide who will accompany me to Khour, a recently built village, with gendarmerie post, on the other side of the mountains; of there would be a path leading in the direction of Konar Siyah.] »#3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 156 Khowshdarreh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3779750 coordinate: lat 35.242322 long 58.957475 NIMA/GNS names: Khowsh Darreh , Khowshdarreh , خوش دره , خوشدره , VARIANT names: Khowshdarreh , Khundab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071396 coordinate: lat 33.13055 long 50.897734 NIMA/GNS names: Khundab , Kondab , خونداب , VARIANT names: Khundab , Kundab , ※ SOURCE for Kundab « At 3 miles the village of Kundab is passed on the left-120 houses, 2,000 sheep, and one qanāt. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 235 Khun-e Sorkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 10024183 coordinate: lat 27.150748 long 56.070536 NIMA/GNS names: Khun Sorkh , Khun-e Sorkh , خون سرخ , VARIANT names: Khana- i-Surkh , Khun-e Sorkh , ※ SOURCE for Khana- i-Surkh « Khana- i-Surkh » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Khuneh Panj : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: BDG UFI: 11900348 coordinate: lat 31.687451 long 55.192143 NIMA/GNS names: Khuneh Panj , خونه پنج , VARIANT names: Khuneh Panj , Khunju : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: GROVE UFI: 10389509 coordinate: lat 27.4345 long 53.144 NIMA/GNS names: Khunju , خونجو , VARIANT names: Khunju , Khur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071432 coordinate: lat 32.93541 long 58.437038 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr , Khowr , Khur , خور , VARIANT names: Choore , Cuhr , Khur , ※ SOURCE for Choore « The 24th, five p. to Choore, [Cors or Corra,] an old ruined town. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 215 ※ SOURCE for Cuhr « Den Tag dar auff wurde es im Dorffe Cuhr besser/und kriegten die 2 Fülle Fille gutes Wassers/und andrer nothwendiger Dinge. The next day things got better in the village of Cuhr and we got two lots of good water and other necessary things.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ pp. 65-6 Khur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071431 coordinate: lat 27.646097 long 54.343915 NIMA/GNS names: Khoor , Khowr , Khur , خور , VARIANT names: Khur , Khur Ab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071438 coordinate: lat 28.5956 long 52.316 NIMA/GNS names: Hurab , Kaura , Khorab , Khur Ab , Khuro , Khurrab , Khuru , خور آب , VARIANT names: Khoro , Khourab , Khur Ab , Khurab , Khuru , ※ SOURCE for Khoro « Khoro » in {map#1206 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, parts of Persia (Karman and Fars), Surveyor General of India, 1909, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 1909} ※ SOURCE for Khourab « C'est Khourab, nom de village qu'on ne retrouve, semble-t-il, sur aucune carte (79, p. 257). » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 143 ※ SOURCE for Khurab « Khurab » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} ※ SOURCE for Khuru « Khuru » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad H-39W 1948} NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3195472 coordinate: lat 26.9175 long 56.1680556 VARIANT names: Karuez , Khurbiz , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khurbiz FOR Arbes [PBR], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khurbiz FOR Harbiz [PBR], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khurbiz FOR Kharbez [Floor ]inferred ?]], ※ SOURCE for Karuez « Karuez » in {map#1038 Carte manuscrite de l'entrée du golfe Persique, Jean-Baptiste d' Anville, 1758, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6753)} see also source « Harbiz » « Harbiz, non attesté dans FG, est mentionné par Sadidussaltana, p. 128; Brás, I/49, p. 182: Arbes; Teixeira, II, p. 65: Karuèz; cf. Balbi Cerbil (p. 117) ? Carte de l'agglomération de Qishm et de ses alentours dans J. de Morgan, II, p. 292. » [Aubin's comment Karuèz; cf. Balbi Cerbil (p. 117) ? Is unlikely. Karuez is located on the south coastline of Qeshm and Balbi's narrative refers to 3 hamlets whilst passinjg through Clarence Strait on the north side of Qeshm. « Karuez » in {map#990 Golfe Persique. Dresse en 1758 et publie en 76, Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon, 1776, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 2603.025} see AHduGP map 75 Außerdem berichtet Teixeira: Kišm hat Brunnen mit gutem Wasser, aus denen Hurmuz gewöhnlich seinen Bedarf deckt, freilich auch von andern Orten, es stehen ihm weiter Karuèz, Angan (h. Hanjam I.) zur Verfügung" (2, 65). Besonders genannt wird auf der Insel Kišm der Ort Sermion. Die Besetzung dieses Ortes durch Hurmuz sperrt den Schiffen von Kais die Erneuerung ihrer Wasservorräte (2, 20). [In addition, Teixeira reports: Kišm has wells with good water, from which Hurmuz usually covers his needs, of course also from other places, Karuèz, Angan (modern Hanjam I) are also available to him" (2, 65). Specially mentioned becomes the place Sermion on the island of Kišm The occupation of this place by Hurmuz prevents the ships of Kais from replenishing their water supplies (2, 20).] #2115 Schwarz, Paul, Hurmuz, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Wiesbaden, 1914, Bd. 68 ~ p. 538 Khurdashir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072091 coordinate: lat 28.5083 long 52.8613 NIMA/GNS names: Khurdashir , Kord Sheykh , Kord-e Sheykh , کرد شیخ , VARIANT names: Khurdashir , Khurdeshir , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Khurdashir FOR Bagh Pesserler [[PBR]], ※ SOURCE for Khurdeshir « From an almost imperceptible watershed a gradually narrowing valley with similar marks of former settled occupation led down to the small walled hamlet of Khurdeshir. There a grove of date-palms clearly showed that the limits of the garmsir or 'hot region' had been reached. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 131 Khurduraq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071350 coordinate: lat 30.561389 long 48.737222 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e Duraq , Khurduraq , Khur-e Dowraq , VARIANT names: Khurduraq , ※ SOURCE for Khurduraq [This location marks the meeting of the southern end of the River Duraq and the northern end of the Khor Doraq. PBR] Khurmuj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071571 coordinate: lat 28.6543 long 51.38 NIMA/GNS names: Khormoj , Khormuj , Khowr Muj , Khowrmuj , Khurmoj , Khurmudj , Khurmuj , خورموج , VARIANT names: Khurmuj , ※ SOURCE for Khurmuj « Khurmuj » in {map#1172 Index Map to routes in Persia vol. IV part II., , 1922, [?308r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, f 308, in Qatar Digital Library} « the northern end of the plain of Khormuj. This plain or valley is about 15 miles wide at the upper end and 65 miles long: it lies north and south. The margins are cultivated with date-trees, and there are numerous little villages at distances of from 3 to 6 miles. These villages consist of from thirty to fifty huts, made entirely of date-leaves plastered over with mud, and there is generally a square tower either of stone or mud in the centre of every village. The chief towns of the plain are Aram, Khormuj, and Kakee. Khormuj is the principal residence of Hyder Khan, chief of the Dashtie country. It consists of about 150 stone or mud built houses, occupied for the most part by the followers of the chief. The fort is large and new, and the rooms are richly decorated in the style of Shiraz. » #1195 Colvill, W.H., Land Journey along the Shores of the Persian Gulf, from Bushire to Lingah, The Geographical Journal, London, 1866-1867, 11:1:36-8 ~ p. 37 Khurramabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071188 coordinate: lat 28.47203 long 53.734398 NIMA/GNS names: Khorramabad , Khurramabad , خرم آباد , VARIANT names: Khuramabad , Khurramabad , ※ SOURCE for Khuramabad « Khuramabad » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} ※ SOURCE for Khurramabad « At 9 miles, the shrine of Khurramābād is reached. Water from a spring; grazing poor; fuel plentiful; supplies nil. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 176 Khushk-i-Safed : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3381799 coordinate: lat 32.3127778 long 63.9733333 NIMA/GNS names: Karez-i-Safed , Kariz-e Safid , Kariz-i-Safid , Khushk-i-Safed , Koshk-e Sefid , Kuske Safed , VARIANT names: Khushk-i-Safed , Khushk-i-Sufed , ※ SOURCE for Khushk-i-Sufed « 10. Khushk-i-Sufed (21 miles 7 furlongs-131 miles 2 furlongs).-The first part of the road good and level; excellent water from a reservoir at a distance of 3 miles from encamping-ground. At 10 miles from Doshakh the march is through a range of hills, the path leading over which shortly afterwards contracts in several places, so that a laden camel can barely pass. The ascent gradual, no steep slopes; the road broken and stony. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 332 Khushku : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.532173 long 56.76239 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: marked on map some 12.3 km north of the NIMA/GNS coordinates VARIANT names: Khushku , Khushkuh , Khushkuh - Kushkan , Kush Kuh , Takht-i-kushkoh , ※ SOURCE for Khushku « Khushku » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Bandar_Abbas G-40C 1942} ※ SOURCE for Khushkuh « 12-20 P.M. came to the village of Khushkuh, at the foot of the hill of the same name. Ten minutes after leaving this, came to a riverbed, or rather to the commencement of what turned out to be a large expanse of ground at times swept by floods; crossing over this at 1-5 P.M., came to the main stream, still carrying on over ground which was but a mass of stones, and every yard of it apparently having only recently been subjected to a severe flood; got out of it at 2 P.M. This was about the roughest piece of riding that I have ever had in this country. It was difficult to keep the horses on their legs. The camels went by a road along the base of the hills, crossing the stream nearly at the point where it emerges from the gorge. This road is the main one from Bandar Abbas to Kirmán. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 25 ※ SOURCE for Khushkuh - Kushkan « KHUSHKUH OR KHUSH -KHU OR KHUSHKAN— The second halting place, going from Bundar Abbas towards Bam, by Ahmadi . There are four hundred people here. It is a large and rather straggling village, near the foot of the Kuh-i - Naiyun . It is about 50 miles from Bundar Abbas. (Abbott- Gill.) Abdul Rahim says that this village was destroyed in 1872 by an earthquake. » #3256 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Gazetteer of Persia Vol. IV, Printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1892 ~ p. 229 ※ SOURCE for Kush Kuh « Our next stage (20th) was to the village of Kush Kuh also lying close to a good deal of vegetation, a picturesque green patch in the surrounding desolation. The village itself is a dreary collection of 100 ?? 200 small flat-roofed and shanties with sheds and out houses of date-stick constructies. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 3 ※ SOURCE for Takht-i-kushkoh « For the first 50 miles we passed along and from the sea-coast, in a direction somewhat east of north-east, through a plain country intersected by streams from the neighbouring mountains, very sparsely populated, and containing widely separated patches of wheat or barley cultivation, here and there a field of thriving henna, with occasional date groves. "Kálah-i-kázi " (the Kazi's Fort) and a village named "Takht-i-kushkoh" formed exceptions to the general rule of solitariness; » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 65 Khushku : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069986 coordinate: lat 27.423056 long 56.774444 NIMA/GNS names: Kashku'iyeh , Kashkuyeh , Khushku , Khvoshkuh , خوشكوه , كشكوئيه , VARIANT names: Khushku , ※ SOURCE for Khushku chk Khusrauabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071310 coordinate: lat 34.186726 long 46.359589 NIMA/GNS names: Khosrowabad , Khusrauabad , خسرو آباد , VARIANT names: Khusrauabad , Khusruabad , ※ SOURCE for Khusruabad « Soon after the route enters a narrow pass and at 10 miles Khüsrüābād is reached. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 152 Khusu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071334 coordinate: lat 28.5427 long 54.388 NIMA/GNS names: Khosuyeh , Khusu , خسویه , VARIANT names: Khusu , ※ SOURCE for Khusu « Khusu » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} « The head of three deep canals irrigating the fertile basin of Khusū was crossed by a bridge a short distance below the low pass, and then after a total march of 8 miles we arrived at the principal village of Khusū. A considerable area close to the west of it is covered with low mounds, burnt bricks, remains of rough stone masonry, and potsherds of the Muhammadan period. This makes it very probable that the site marks the position of the chief place of the Khasū tract, which the early Arab geographers mention about a day's distance south of Darabgird.(1)fn. 1. Cf. Schwarz, Iran im Mittelalter, 105 sq. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ pp. 201 and 225 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 21.36876 long 59.199068 VARIANT names: Khuwaimah , Khuwaymah , ※ SOURCE for Khuwaimah the site « Khuwaimah » in the (map [863] A map showing the Arabian Sea coast from Ras al-Hadd to Bar al-Hikman., Hélène David, 2012, #2647 Vincent Charpentier, Jean-François Berger, Rémy Crassard, Marc Lacaze and Gourguen Davtian, Prehistory and palaeo-geography of the coastal fringes of the Wahiba Sands and Bar al-Hikman, Sultanate of Oman, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2012 vol. 42:pp. 57-78 ~) does not have any equivalent NIMA co-ordinates ※ SOURCE for Khuwaymah the site « Khuwaymah » in the (map [863] A map showing the Arabian Sea coast from Ras al-Hadd to Bar al-Hikman., Hélène David, 2012, #2647 Vincent Charpentier, Jean-François Berger, Rémy Crassard, Marc Lacaze and Gourguen Davtian, Prehistory and palaeo-geography of the coastal fringes of the Wahiba Sands and Bar al-Hikman, Sultanate of Oman, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2012 vol. 42:pp. 57-78 ~) does not have any equivalent NIMA co-ordinates khuzdar : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2765811 coordinate: lat 27.8 long 66.6166667 NIMA/GNS names: Khozdar , Khuzdar , VARIANT names: khuzdar , ※ SOURCE for khuzdar Sohr Damb is a small rural site (4 ha large, 13 m high) located at 1250 m amsl in a fertile basin near the village Nal, 50 km west of Khuzdar, Central Balochistan (Pakistan), at an important overland route to Iran, Afghanistan, the coast and the Indus valley in the east http://www.dainst.org/index_592_en.html# Khuzestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RGN UFI: -3071484 coordinate: lat 30.5 long 50 NIMA/GNS names: `Arabestan , Arabistan , Khoristan , Khuzestan , Khuzistan , Kuhzistan , Susiana , خوزستان , VARIANT names: Khuzestan , Khuzistan , Khuzi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071487 coordinate: lat 27.4476 long 52.9727 NIMA/GNS names: Huzi , Khuzi , خوزی , VARIANT names: Khuzi , Khvajeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: district independent coordinate: lat 28.956962 long 52.622167 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Khajee Ft. , Khajeh , Khvajeh , ※ SOURCE for Khajee Ft. « Khajee Ft. » in {map#1231 ‘Sketch of Lieut. Snodgrass’s Route from Bushire to Shiraz, via Feruzabad, A.D. 1810’, , , [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3118, in Qatar Digital Library fig. } ※ SOURCE for Khajeh « Khajeh » in {map#1233 Route Map Shiraz to Bushire round trip, TAYLOR R L Lieutenant-Colonel, 1858, British Library: IOR X/3125, route map 5} ※ SOURCE for Khvajeh « Khvajeh » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 Shiraz 1936} [district or area just south of Zanjiran and north of Firuzabad. PBR] Khwaja Abul Hasan Caravanserai, Juyom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.253588 long 53.985197 VARIANT names: Djuyom, K.s , Khwaja Abul Hasan Caravanserai, Juyom , ※ SOURCE for Djuyom, K.s « Eine neuere Route führt heute von Benaru über Djuyom und Mansurabad nördlich des Kuh-e Alburs durch die Tang-e Kulin und Tang-e Khatiz nach Djahrom. Die einzigen Karavanserails auf dieser Strecke finden sich in Djuyom. Herbert scheint ein Karavanserail in Djuyom auf seiner Reise, die von Qotbabad direkt unter Umgehung von Djahrom nach Benaru führte, im Jahre 1627 benutzt zu ha- ben, da er zwischen „Guyom", dem heutigen Djuyom und „Cut-Bobbaw", dem heutigen Qotbabad, keine weiteren Karavanserails oder Etappenorte nennt. (38) Es muß daher fraglich sein, ob Djuyom als Ort der safavidischen Bandar Abbas-Shiraz Strafße zu zählen ist oder schon zu einem Seitenzweig der Straße, wel- cher von Benaru über Djuyom nach Qotbabad oder auch nach Darab führte, gehörte. Die Anlage in Djuyom besteht heute aus zwei großen Hofkaravanserails (Abb. 9; Taf. 33,1) jeweils 29 x 29 m messend, welche an einer Ecke aneinandergebaut und miteinander ver- bunden sind.fn. 38 Herbert23 128. [A newer route today leads from Benaru via Djuyom and Mansurabad north of the Kuh-e Albur through the Tang-e Kulin and Tang-e Khatiz to Djahrom. The only caravanserails on this route are in Djuyom. Herbert seems to have used a caravanserail in Djuyom on his journey in 1627, which led from Qotbabad directly to Benaru, bypassing Djahrom, since he does not mention any other caravanserails or stopping places between "Guyom", today's Djuyom, and "Cut-Bobbaw", today's Qotbabad. (38) It must therefore be questioned whether Djuyom should be counted as a place on the Safavid Bandar Abbas-Shiraz road or whether it was already part of a branch of the road that led from Benaru via Djuyom to Qotbabad or even to Darab. The complex in Djuyom today consists of two large court caravanserai (Fig. 9; Pl. 33,1), each measuring 29 x 29 m, which are built together at a corner and connected to each other. fn. 38 Herbert23 128.] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lae-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ pp. 296-7 ※ SOURCE for Khwaja Abul Hasan Caravanserai, Juyom Khwaja Abul Hasan Caravanserai کاروانسرای خواجه ابوالحسن Khwaja Kanur : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 31.484853 long 64.393383 VARIANT names: Khwaja Kanur , ※ SOURCE for Khwaja Kanur A large hill on the east side of the Helmand River at its juncture with the Arghandab River contains this site. The hilltop consists of a ridge running 200 m east to west. online reference link [accessed 23 May 2025] Kilah Shahid : place IRN (diz) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.579062 long 48.482347 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Diz Shahi , Diz-i-Shahi , Kalah-i-Diz , Kala-i-Diz , Kaleh Ab-i-Diz , Kaleh Shahad , Kaleh-i-Ab-i-Diz or Kaleh Shahad , Kaleh-i-Shahi , Kaleh-i-Shahid , Kilah Ab-i-Diz , Kilah Shahid , ※ SOURCE for Diz Shahi « Diz Sháhí is situated near the river of Dizfúl, about a day's journey to the N.E. of the town. In its vicinity, the tribes under Kelb 'Alí Khán usually encamp during the winter months; in the spring and summer they ascend to the Yáïláks of Chahár, Maháll, and Bázuft. Besides the large tribe of Dúrakí, Kelb 'Alí commands a few subdivisions of the Dínárúnís, several villages both in the Garmesírs and Sardesírs, and two or three small semi-Arab tribes of buffalo herdsmen. He exercises no influence whatsoever in Shushter or Dizfúl. » #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846, ~ p. 19 ※ SOURCE for Diz-i-Shahi « DIZ-i-SHAHI OR KALA-I-DIZ Lat. Long. Elev. A stronghold in Khüzistán, situated near the river of Dizfül, and about a day's journey north-east of the town in the possession of the Düraki division of the Haft Lang Bakhtiaris. It consists of a plain, about 15 miles in circumference, forming the summit of a lofty hill, the sides of which are almost perpendicular and only to be ascend. ed by a steep and difficult pathway, which may easily be defended or perhaps totally destroyed. As water is abundant on it, and floeks have been conveyed to the summit of the Diz, villages have been built on this tableland and form the ordinary place of residence of the Düraki tribe. The soil is rich and under cultivation, producing grain of various kinds, therefore little chance of such a place stuffering from a siege by Persian troops, though it would probably be unable to withstand the attacks of a European force. (Lagard.) Bell say it is a natural natural stronghold of the Bakhti khtiari chief, two marches north-east of Dizfül, 3 mile miles in circumference with perpendi-cular, inaccessible sides, well supplied with water and with a few acres of arable land and good pasture. Robertson and Stack say it is a stronghold situated in the hills about 18 miles from Dizfül. It consists of an elevated tableland of considerable extent, with perpendicular sides, nowhere less than 150 feet high. There is a single artificial path to the top, where there are some huts, habitable caves, and springs of water with cultivation. There is is good grazing on the top, and sheep are hoisted up an inclined plane of poles in order to take advantage of it. Regarding natural fortresses of this kind, known by the local name of "Diz," Bell says:-" At intervals, where the elevating foree, which produced the present configuration of the Lüristan region, has acted with extreme intensity, the continuity of the beds become broken, and masses of rock were left standing isolated, with precipi-tous escarpments presenting retreats accessible only to its inhabi-tants. They frequently bear on their summits acres of rich grass and springs of delicious water, whither a native chief with his ad-herente can retire in case of need." » #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 221 ※ SOURCE for Kalah-i-Diz « There are two places marked on the map, to the north of Shustar, as Kalah-i-Diz and Diz Malakan, with notes of interrogation. The Ilbegi told me something about these. The first seems to be called Diz Shahi; it is sixteen farsakhs from Dizful, and is a precipitous mountain, with water and grass on the top. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 2 p. 70 ※ SOURCE for Kala-i-Diz see source « Diz-i-Shahi » above ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Ab-i-Diz « About 7 miles to the north-west is the Kaleh Ab-i-Diz (Kaleh Shahad), the strongest place the Ilkhani has. Route No. 27 connects here. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 120 ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Shahad see source « Kaleh Ab-i-Diz » above ※ SOURCE for Kaleh-i-Ab-i-Diz or Kaleh Shahad « Kaleh-i-Ab-i-Diz or Kaleh Shahad » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} « location in map 5.42 kms heading 290° from NIMA/GNS data location » PBR ※ SOURCE for Kaleh-i-Shahi « From the Tang-i-Bahrain, the river forces its way through a succession of charms and gorges, and the track along its bank is utterly im-practicable: indeed, this part of the range is so very precipitous that there is only one single pathway conducting across it from Dizfül to Burüjird; it is followed by Hiäts on foot: it is not to be traversed by a horseman, and is considered the most difficult of all the mountain pathways. It breaks into the Sahneh-i-Lur between the hill forts of Tangavan and Kaleh-i-Shahi. » #3545 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III. IOR/L/MIL/17/15/2/2, Government Monotype Press, India, 1910 ~ p. 8 ※ SOURCE for Kaleh-i-Shahid « Kaleh-i-Shahid » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} ※ SOURCE for Kilah Ab-i-Diz « the Kilah Ab-i-Diz or better known among the natives by the name of Kilah Shahid.It is a natural stronghold, being a plateau about 4 miles square on the summit of a hill with perpendicular sides of 200 feet. » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 3 ※ SOURCE for Kilah Shahid « NOTE. After deducting halts, actual time taken marching from Tabiran to Duma Kail 4 hours, 35 minutes.Only mountain batteries and infantry can manœuvre here, except for scouting, ground too broken for cavalry action.About 7 miles distant to the north-west is the Kilah Ab-i-Diz or better known among the natives by the name of Kilah Shahid.It is a natural stronghold, being a plateau about 4 miles square on the summit of a hill with perpendicular sides of 200 feet.The highest part of the hill is 2,560'.-As there are no higher hills nearer than a radius of from 8 to 10 miles, it cannot be commanded by Artillery fire. From the summit a clear view is obtained of the town of Dizful, distant some 11 or 12 miles.Water is obtainable from several springs. When we visited the Kilah Shahid in June the water from one of these springs was delightfully cool.Grazing is said to be good up to the end of April.Fuel. There is none. » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 3 « View of the River Ab-I-Diz as it flows into the "Gorge" on the north side of the Kilah Shahid. » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ between pp. 2 and 3 « View of the Country over the plan of Dumakail looking east from the highest point on Kilah Shahid. » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ between pp. 4 and 5 Kirand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.304623 long 52.24723 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Kramers distances adjusted for total length of journey puts Kirand at km 86. Kuh-i Shamshali caravanserai is at km 77.5. This location is at km 94. There is no currently populated place in this vicinity but what appears to be an old fort anf some evidence of habitation as well as a retangular cistern. The nearest named place is Meydasht VARIANT names: Girend , Kirand , Kirend , ※ SOURCE for Girend « Hân-i Azadmerd'den Girend köyüne 6 fersah, [From Khan Azadmerd to Girend village 6 farsakhs,] » #3174 Ibn Havkal trans. Ramazan Sesen, 10. Asirda Islam Cografyasi (Yeditepe Yayinevi), Yeditepe Yayinlari, 2014 ~ p. 227 ※ SOURCE for Kirand « Kirand VI C4, Localisation approximative, Etape sur la route de Sirāf à Gür, I 129, H 283, M 454, LS 191 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 52 « Kirand » in {map#1167 in #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a` l'e´poque classique : IXe-Xe sie`cles : re´pertoires des toponymes, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985 ~ fig. Map VI. Provinces du Faris et du Kirman Desert non Arabe (Al-Mafaza)} Kirand (Cornu) in map imposed on google eartgh lies about 13.23 km at heading 31° from this location « Du khan d'Azadhmard au village de Kirand, six parasanges. [From the khan of Azadhmard to the village of Kirand, six parasangs.] » #3352 Configuration de la terre : Kitab surat al-Ard / Ibn Hauqal ; introduction et traduction, avec index, par J. H. Kramers et G. Wiet, Maisonneuve et Larose, Paris, 1964 ~ vol. 2 p. 279 « thence to Kirand, one stage » #3346 Muhammad ibn Ahmad Muqaddasi, trans. Basil Anthony Collins, The Best Divisions For Knowledge Of The Region, Garnet Publishing, Reading, 2001 ~ p. 367 ※ SOURCE for Kirend « Bei Mukaddasi ist die Stellung der beiden nächsten Haltepunkte verändert: Mah liegt nach ihm nördlicher als Kírend. Stielers Kabrend kann die Lage nicht bestimmen, es stammt wahrscheinlich aus Idrisi und ist zu weit nach Osten gerückt, wahrscheinlich unter der Voraussetzung, Siraf entspräche Charak (9). Daß dort Aderkan zwischen Lar und Schiwu gesetzt worden ist, verstärkt diesen Verdacht. Den englischen Karten fehlen beide Orte. Kirend dürfte im Tale des von Karzin kommenden Flusses zu suchen sein. Der Hän Bädergän würde dann zum Gebiete des von Wardawan kommenden Flusses gehören, der Hän Barkäne in die Gegend von Jam (etwa südöstlich davon) fallen. [At Mukaddasi the position of the next two stopping points has changed: Mah lies further north than Kírend. Stieler's Kabrend cannot determine the location; it probably comes from Idrisi and has moved too far to the east, probably under the assumption that Siraf corresponds to Charak (9). The fact that Aderkan was placed there between Lar and Schiwu reinforces this suspicion. Both places are missing from the English maps. Kirend is probably to be found in the valley of the river coming from Karzin. The Hän Bädergän would then belong to the area of ??the river coming from Wardawan, the Hän Barkäne in the area of ??Jam (approximately southeast of it).] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ pp. 195-6 Kiratah char Taq : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.74809 long 52.860377 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kiratah char Taq , ※ SOURCE for Kiratah char Taq « Le Chahar Taq de Kirātah construit en moellons bruts se situe à 500 mètres à l'ouest du village qui porte ce nom et à 1 km. à l'est de celui de Kushk. (pl. XXXV). Les murs de ce bâtiment qui répond, comme tant d'autres, au plan carré, s'élèvent à une hauteur de 4,90 m. jusqu'aux trompes. Chacun des côtés qui mesure 10,50 m. est percé d'une porte de 1,10 m. de large et 3,20 m. de haut. A l'intérieur, l'édifice présente, sur ses quatre parois, des tympans d'arcs de 5,50 m. de large et de 4,50 m. de haut. L'arc situé au nord-ouest comporte des niches: deux, super- posées, à gauche de la porte, une à droite. L'arc du côté sud-est n'est pourvu que d'une seule niche, creusée à droite de la porte. La coupole n'est conservée que sur une hauteur d'un mètre. L'entrée principale qui s'ouvre au nord-est inclut une sorte de vestibule voûté de 3,10 m. de large et de 4,50 m. de long, qui donnait, à l'est, sur une petite chambre qui est totalement ruinée. [The Chahar Taq of Kirātah, built of rough rubble, is located 500 meters west of the village that bears this name and 1 km. east of that of Kushk. (pl. XXXV). The walls of this building, which, like so many others, has a square plan, rise to a height of 4.90 m. up to the squinches. Each of the sides, which measures 10.50 m., is pierced by a door 1.10 m. wide and 3.20 m. high. Inside, the building has, on its four walls, tympanums of arches 5.50 m. wide and 4.50 m. high. The arch located to the northwest has niches: two, superimposed, to the left of the door, one to the right. The arch on the southeast side has only one niche, dug to the right of the door. The dome is only preserved to a height of one meter. The main entrance which opens to the northeast includes a sort of vaulted vestibule 3.10 m. wide and 4.50 m. long, which opened, to the east, onto a small room which is completely ruined.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 191 Kishi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064383 coordinate: lat 27.320077 long 55.362234 NIMA/GNS names: Gishi , Kishi , كيشی , گيشی , VARIANT names: Kechi , Kishi , ※ SOURCE for Kechi « La route continuait d'être pierreuse; des torrens sans eau la traversaient. Après une heure de marche est une autre citerne dans un lieu nommé Naou. Deux farsengs au-delà est le village de Kechi. [The road continued to be stony; waterless torrents crossed it. After an hour's walk is another cistern in a place called Naou. Two farsengs beyond is the village of Kechi.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 425 Kishidari : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 11751936 coordinate: lat 27.272453 long 55.407686 VARIANT names: Kishidari , ※ SOURCE for Kishidari « KISHIDARI11 m. General direction W. by N. At 4½ miles is the serai of Birkeh Sultan, and two cisterns (dry in March 1907); fuel from scrub; supplies nil; grazing fair. The hills on either side are distant two miles. The track to Rudar and 'Avin through the Tang-i- Rūdāri here diverges. Good water from the Rüd-i-Rūdār. At 7 miles the valley is two miles broad, the road keeping to the south side of the valley. At 8 miles cross a stony ravine with steep banks which is crossed again at 8½ miles. The road is stony and rough and many watercourses are crossed. At 11 miles the serai and two large cisterns of Kishidāri are reached. At this point the valley is about half a mile broad, and shut in by hills to the north, 400 feet above the craavanserai, and to the south about 800 feet. A gap in the hills to the north gives access to the low ground north of the hills for grazing purposes. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 30 « The road. now good and hard, but not excess vely stony as it has been hitherto, traverses a vale about half a mile broad, sparsely covered with short dried up gras, bounded to south by a labyrinth of deep and broad ravines backed by low ranges of hills, and to north by a spur from Kuh Zad Mahmud, formed of inclined sandstone strata dipping southward, and called "Kishi". Proceeding thus for two miles and a half the road becomes stony. At 7 miles 3 furlongs we pass the caravanserai, and two large cisterns of Kishidari, all in good order, and the latter full of water. Altitude above sea, 433 feet. The summit of the spur Kishi, to north-east of the caravanserai, is 130 feet above the 'ground level at the cisterns. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 32 Kiskan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: AREA UFI: 10445428 coordinate: lat 29.3647 long 56.6238 NIMA/GNS names: Kiskan , کیسکان , VARIANT names: Kiskan , Kismabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3388417 coordinate: lat 32.193851 long 63.084305 NIMA/GNS names: Kismabad , Qismabad , قسماباد , VARIANT names: Kassem-abad , Kismabad , ※ SOURCE for Kassem-abad « Kassem-abad » in {map#1344 in #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ fig. Map of Persia and Afghanistan: General Ferrier's Travels} Kita al Araifiyan : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: RF UFI: -789967 coordinate: lat 28.9963889 long 48.2555556 NIMA/GNS names: Kita al Araifiyan , Kita at Araifiyan , Qit`at `Urayfijan , VARIANT names: Kita al Araifiyan , Kiyan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071630 coordinate: lat 31.72749 long 50.23929 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Kian , Kian , Kiyan , ده کیان , VARIANT names: Kiyan , ※ SOURCE for Kiyan « Nach leichtem Anstieg führt der Weg weiter über Kiyan auf die Ebene v Dehdez. In Dehdez ist die Ruine eines Karavanserails +1430 m ü.N.N. erhalten. Der nächste Punkt auf dem W nach Esfahan ist Shalil, das bereits in der Provinz Caharmal va Bakhtiari liegt. Eine Karawanenstation Pol-e Amarat hier am Flußübergang in +1300 m ü.N.N. nicht mehr erhalten. [After a slight climb, the trail continues via Kiyan to the Dehdez plain. In Dehdez, the ruins of a caravanserai have been preserved at 1,430 m above sea level. The next point on the west after Isfahan is Shalil, which already lies in the Chaharmal va Bakhtiari province. A caravan station, Pol-e Amarat, no longer exists here at the river crossing at 1,300 m above sea level.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 13 Kl Minab Sarcam : arch. site IRN UTM: 5702, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 57.0333333333333 VARIANT names: Kl Minab Sarcam , ※ SOURCE for Kl Minab Sarcam « Other variants: Sarkam Details: The "site [is] cut by [the] road from it to Shah Mansur and Tombac" (Williamson, Site Card 3: 40). An equivalent version of the place name, Sarkam, is marked, and a position towards Tombac has been given (Adamec, 1988: Map Sheet 28-C). No. of sherds: 9 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Klein K. zwischen Gerash und Lar : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.655552 long 54.215075 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Klein K. zwischen Gerash und Lar , ※ SOURCE for Klein K. zwischen Gerash und Lar « Kleinkaravanserail zwischen Gerash und Lar (Abb. 5; 244)Lage: 12 km westlich von Lar, 1 km östlich des benach- barten Kleinkaravanserails östlich von Gerash, in + 900 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Qir nach Lar.Typ: Einräumiger Langrechteck-Bau mit betontem Eingang. Als Zwischenkaravanserail zu werten, keine Feld- hütte.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 9,80 x 4,20 m, Gebäude- höhe 3,10 m[Small caravanserail between Gerash and Lar (Fig. 5; 244)Location: 12 km west of Lar, 1 km east of the neighboring small caravanserail east of Gerash, at + 900 m above sea level. N. N., on the road from Qir to Lar.Type: One-room long rectangular building with an emphasized entrance. To be seen as an intermediate caravanserail, not a field hut.Dimensions: external dimensions 9.80 x 4.20 m, building height 3.10 m] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 133 KleinK. östlich von Gerash : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.655743 long 54.201158 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: KleinK. östlich von Gerash , ※ SOURCE for KleinK. östlich von Gerash « Kleinkaravanserail östlich von Gerash (Abb. 5; 243) (171)Lage: 13 km westlich von Lar, 6 km östlich von Gerash, in +910 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Qir nach Lar.Typ: Einräumiger Rechteckbau einfacher AusstattungAbmessungen: Außenmaße 8,90 x 4,50 m, Gebäude- höhe 3,20 m. fn. 171 Dieser Bau wurde ebenfalls am 16. 3. 1986 vermessen. [Small caravanserail east of Gerash (Fig. 5; 243) (171)Location: 13 km west of Lar, 6 km east of Gerash, at +910 m above sea level. N. N., on the road from Qir to Lar.Type: One-room rectangular building with simple furnishingsDimensions: external dimensions 8.90 x 4.50 m, building height 3.20 m. fn. 171 This building was also surveyed on March 16, 1986.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 133 KleinK. westlich von Gerash : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none coordinate: lat 27.709783 long 54.126524 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: KleinK. westlich von Gerash , ※ SOURCE for KleinK. westlich von Gerash « Kleinkaravanserail westlich von Gerash (Abb 5, 242) (170)Lage: 5 km nordwestlich von Gerash, 7 km östlich des benachbarten Kleinkaravanserails, 24 km westlich von Lar, in + 950 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Qir nach LarAls Typ: Einräumiger Rechteckbau mit betontem Eingang Zwischenkaravanserail zu werten.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 6,70 x 3,90 m, Gebäude- höhe 2,40 m. fn. 170 Der Bau wurde am 16.3. 1986 vermessen. [Small caravanserail west of Gerash (Fig. 5, 242) (170)Location: 5 km northwest of Gerash, 7 km east of the neighboring Kleinkaravanserail, 24 km west of Lar, at + 950 m above sea level. N. N., on the road from Qir to LarThe type: One-room rectangular building with an emphasized entrance between the caravanserail.Dimensions: external dimensions 6.70 x 3.90 m, building height 2.40 m. fn. 170 The construction was completed on March 16th. Measured in 1986.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 133 KleinK. zwischen Evaz und Gerash : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.744116 long 54.101661 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: KleinK. zwischen Evaz und Gerash , ※ SOURCE for KleinK. zwischen Evaz und Gerash « Kleinkaravanserail zwischen Evaz und Gerash (Abb. 5; 240)169Lage: 3 km östlich des Karavanserails Mo'callem-eKasir, 7 km westlich des nächsten Kleinkaravanserails und31 km westlich von Lar, in +930 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Qir nach Lar.Typ: Einräumiger, langgestreckter Bau, tonnengewölbt, mit leicht betontem Eingang. Ist als Zwischenkaravanserail zu werten.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 10,20 x 3 m, Gebäudehöhe 1,70 m. Die Zisterne (Abb. 241) hat einen äußeren Durch- messer von 11,30 m und eine Höhe von 8,50 m. fn. 169 Unterkunftsbau und Zisterne wurden am 16. 3. 1986 vermessen. [Small caravanserail between Evaz and Gerash (Fig. 5; 240)169Location: 3 km east of the Mo'callem-e caravanserailKasir, 7 km west of the next small caravanserail and31 km west of Lar, at +930 m above sea level. N. N., on the road from Qir to Lar.Type: One-room, elongated building, barrel vaulted, with a slightly emphasized entrance. Can be seen as an intermediate caravanserail.Dimensions: external dimensions 10.20 x 3 m, building height 1.70 m. The cistern (Fig. 241) has an external diameter of 11.30 m and a height of 8.50 m. fn. 169 accommodation buildings and cisterns were surveyed on March 16, 1986.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 132 Kleinkaravanserail (Station) Getaveh : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 27.153651 long 54.250539 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kleinkaravanserail (Station) Getaveh , ※ SOURCE for Kleinkaravanserail (Station) Getaveh « Kleinkaravanserail (Station) Getaveh (Abb. 8; 241)121Lage: 23 km nordwestlich der Station östlich Kholus, 15 km südwestlich von Bastak, in + 330 m ü. N.N., an der Straße von Bandar-e Kong nach Lar.Typ: Einraum-Gebäude mit hervorgehobenem Eingang.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 7,30 × 3,70 m, Gebäude- höhe 2,90 m.Baumaterial: Bruchstein, verputzt.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Gut erhalten.Inschriften: Keine bekannt.Datierung: Safavidisch bis qadjarisch. [Small caravanserai (station) Getaveh (Fig. 8; 241)121Location: 23 km northwest of the station east of Kholus, 15 km southwest of Bastak, at + 330 m above sea level, on the road from Bandar-e Kong to Lar.Type: One-room building with prominent entrance.Dimensions: External dimensions 7.30 × 3.70 m, building height 2.90 m.Building material: Rubble stone, plastered.Structural features and condition: Well preserved.Inscriptions: None known.Dating: Safavid to Qajar.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. Getaveh online reference link [accessed 19 Nov 2024] Kleinkaravanserail (Station) Paldun Golhak : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 27.18418 long 54.305965 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kleinkaravanserail (Station) Paldun Golhak , ※ SOURCE for Kleinkaravanserail (Station) Paldun Golhak « Kleinkaravanserail (Station) Paldun Golhak (Abb. 8; 242)122Lage: 8 km südwestlich von Bastak, 7 km nordöstlich der Station Getaveh und 2 km westlich des Passes Paldun Golhak (+400 m ü. N.N.), in +380 m ü. N.N., an der Straße von Bandar-e Kong nach Lar.Typ: Einraum-Gebäude mit hervorgehobenem Eingang.Abb. 242 Kleinkaravanserail (Station) Paldun Golhak, Lageskizze, Grundriß, Schnitt und AnsichtenAbmessungen: Außenmaße 9,40 × 3,50 m, Gebäude- höhe 2,50 m.Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Verfallen.Inschriften: Keine bekannt.Datierung: Safavidisch bis qadjarisch. [Small caravanserail (station) Paldun Golhak (Fig. 8; 242)122Location: 8 km southwest of Bastak, 7 km northeast of the Getaveh station and 2 km west of the Paldun Golhak pass (+400 m above sea level), at +380 m above sea level, on the road from Bandar-e Kong to Lar.Type: One-room building with prominent entrance.Fig. 242 Small caravanserail (station) Paldun Golhak, location sketch, floor plan, section and viewsDimensions: External dimensions 9.40 × 3.50 m, building height 2.50 m.Building material: Quarry stone.Structural features and condition: Dilapidated.Inscriptions: None known.Dating: Safavid to Qajar.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 132 Paldun Golhak online reference link [accessed 19 Nov 2024] KM026 cistern (Gaube) : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.279833 long 55.386895 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: « another caravan station, similar in size and layout to the previous one (Fig. 4), as well as a domed cistern » located cistern but not the caravan station VARIANT names: KM026 cistern (Gaube) , ※ SOURCE for KM026 cistern (Gaube) « KM 026: Zwölf Kilometer weiter westlich der Weg ist inzwischen auf über 200 m Höhe anges- tiegen trifft man auf eine weitere, der vorangegangenen in Größe und Grundriß ähnliche Karavanen- station (Fig. 4) nebst einer überkuppelten Zisterne. [KM 026: Twelve kilometers further west the path has now climbed to a height of over 200 m and you come to another caravan station, similar in size and layout to the previous one (Fig. 4), as well as a domed cistern. ] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 40 KM126 : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.650077 long 54.670558 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: KM126 , ※ SOURCE for KM126 stage no in Route No. 33 see #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ KM167 (Gaube) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 27.658014 long 54.325034 † basis (approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: KM167 (Gaube) , ※ SOURCE for KM167 (Gaube) « KM 167: Lar.Wie wenig sich auf diesem Streckenabschnitt seit dem 17. Jahrhundert verändert hat, macht eine tabellarische Gegenüberstellung (Tabelle 1) des gegenwärtigen Bauwerkbestandes mit den Itineraren des 17. Jahrhunderts von de Silva Figueroa, Herbert, (39) Chardin und Thévenot deutlich, neben die A. Wilsons Itinerar vom Anfang dieses Jahrhunderts gestellt ist. (40) fn. 40 Wilson, "Notes on a Journey Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907," in The Geographic Journal XXXI (1908), pp. 152-60. fn. 39 T. Herbert, A Relation of Some Years Travaile, Begurne Anns 1626 London 1634), p. 51 f. [KM 167: Lar. V How little has changed on this section of the route since the 17th century is made clear by a tabular comparison (Table 1) of the current existing buildings with the 17th century itineraries by de Silva Figueroa, Herbert, (39) Chardin and Thévenot, next to the A . Wilson's itinerary from the beginning of this century is provided. (40) ] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 Kodnan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746069 coordinate: lat 27.1664 long 53.763 NIMA/GNS names: Ahel , Ahl , Ehel , Kadiun , Kodian , Kodnan , Kodyan , Kudian , کدیون , کودیان , VARIANT names: Ahil , Kodnan , ※ SOURCE for Ahil « Ahil » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 9 : Shiraz-Kish (2)} Kohak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072264 coordinate: lat 30.8273 long 61.7576 NIMA/GNS names: Kohak , Koohak , Kuhak , کهک , VARIANT names: Kohak , Koh-i-Mubarak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: -3075245 coordinate: lat 25.8448 long 57.3057 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Mobarak , Kuh-i-Mubarak , كوه مبارك , VARIANT names: Bombareca , Bombarque rock , C. Bombaric , Cap Gombarat , Cohomo Barque/Comobarque , Koh-i-Mubarak , Kuh Mubarek , Ra's al-Kuh , Semiramis , ※ SOURCE for Bombareca « a great many pieces of white Rock that rife in various figures; one would take it to be a City; and to the South of that imaginary Town, upon the fame Hill, there is a piece of whiteish Rock broken off from the reft, which looks like a Tower or Pillar upon a high Pedeſtal; from thence it is but a League to Bombareca. Half an hour after five we were off of Bombareca, which is only a very high fquare, white Rock; and flat on the top; it feems to be very fteep, and at a diftance one would take it for a fquare Fort: this Rock is very near the Land, and it is dangerous to approach it, becauſe it is furrounded with a Bank of Sand. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thevenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 189« a great many pieces of white Rock that rife in various figures; one would take it to be a City; and to the South of that imaginary Town, upon the fame Hill, there is a piece of whiteish Rock broken off from the reft, which looks like a Tower or Pillar upon a high Pedeſtal; from thence it is but a League to Bombareca. Half an hour after five we were off of Bombareca, which is only a very high fquare, white Rock; and flat on the top; it feems to be very fteep, and at a diftance one would take it for a fquare Fort: this Rock is very near the Land, and it is dangerous to approach it, becauſe it is furrounded with a Bank of Sand. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thevenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 189 « Bombareca (33 B, 75 E): Küh-e Mobarek, Ra's al Küh » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ index p. 145 « a bombareca » in {map#510 Chart of the western Indian Ocean, Sebastiao Lopes, 1565, Manuscript portolan atlas of the world, fol. 18r} see PMC vol. 4 EST 400 and AHduGP map 33 ※ SOURCE for Bombarque rock « Bombarque rock »{map#997 [Carte anglaise du golfe Persique] / Made by John Thornton at the Signe of the Platt in the Minories, John Thornton, 1699, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 5 RES} see AHduGP map 87 « Bombarque rock (87 E): Kūh-e Mobārek, Ra's al Küh » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ index p. 145 ※ SOURCE for C. Bombaric « C. Bombaric » in {map#362 Carte du Golfe Persique depuis Bassora jusqu'au Cap Rasalgate, Guillaume Nicolas Delahaye D'apres De Mannevillette, 1775, Leiden, Universiteitsbibliotheek (Collectie Bodel Nijenhuis, Portf. 175, n° 108)} see AHduGP map 57 « Bombaric, C. (57 B): Küh-e Mobārek, Ra's al Küh » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ index p. 145 ※ SOURCE for Cap Gombarat « Cap Gombarat » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 ※ SOURCE for Cohomo Barque/Comobarque « Kūh-i Mubarak et Kuhistak desservaient la côte du Biyābān (178). fn. 178 Küh-i Mubarak, en avant de l'éminence du même nom, amer familier aux marins (Persian Gulf Pilot, éd. 1864, p. 143), à l'extrémité méridionale du Biyaban. C'est le Cohomo Barque/Comobarque de Duarte Barbosa, etc.; FG, VIII, p. 339. Kuhistak, Gostaquem/Goxtaque chez Barbosa, Kostek chez Teixeira (II, p. 3, 36), etc.; FG, VIII, p. 338. [Kūh-i Mubarak and Kuhistak served the Biyābān coast (178). fn. 178 Küh-i Mubarak, in front of the eminence of the same name, bitter familiar to sailors (Persian Gulf Pilot, ed. 1864, p. 143), at the southern end of the Biyaban. It is the Cohomo Barque/Comobarque of Duarte Barbosa, etc.; FG, VIII, p. 339. Kuhistak, Gostaquem/Goxtaque at Barbosa, Kostek at Teixeira (II, p. 3, 36), etc.; FG, VIII, p. 338.] » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 108 ※ SOURCE for Koh-i-Mubarak « Kuh-i-Mubarak » in {map#593 Hormuz from the West in Persian Gulf chart, Stiffe, A. W., 1860, } ※ SOURCE for Kuh Mubarek « The plain near to the hills on the left was dotted with scrub and proved better going. At 9-5 came to the village of Kuh ?Mubarek in among some small hills, and at 9-45 halted to break-?? fast. Kuh Mubarek bearing west-north-west. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 34 ※ SOURCE for Ra's al-Kuh « or really on the northern shore of the Straits, the Kuh-i Mubarak, the Ra's al-Kuh of modem maps, where traveling westward, the Makran coastline turns northward opposite the Musandam peninsula into the actual Straits of Hormuz). » #760 Bosworth C. Edmund, Decorative Printed Maps of the 15th to 18th Centuries, Journal of the Society for Iranian Studies, Michigan, 1997 (winter/spring) ~ p. 80 ※ SOURCE for Semiramis « § 35. A round and high mountain called Semiramis. Fabricius, following Sprenger and Ritter, identifies this with Koh-i-mubarak, “Mountain of the Blest” (25º 50’ N., 57º 19’ E. ), which, while not high, being only about 600 feet, is of the shape here described and directly on the strait. Fabricius (p. 146) suggests that the name Semiramis is probably the Arabic Shamarîda “held precious. » #487 Schoff, Wilfred H. (trans.), The Periplus of the Erythraen Sea, Travel and Trade in the Indian Ocean by a merchant of the first century, Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, 1995, p. 147 « Nearchus [n. Not Nearchus, but Marcian - (Geogr. Minores, p. 21.) It is not named by Nearchus - (Arrian, Ind., p. 346. Ed. Gronov.) - E.] named this the Round Mount of Semiramis; and after leaving it came to a coast wholly waste, whence he directed his course at a somewhat greater distance from the shore, and more northerly than before. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 272 Kohru : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: Kohru , ※ SOURCE for Kohru « Kohru is a site at the top of a pass overlooking the village of this name, deep in the Qabr Rud canyon. Conduits of sweet water, originating at Herm i, pass through the canyon en route to Bagh-i Sheikh. The site is a single-room building made of plaster and rubble, measuring 8 x 4 m and preserved to a height of 1.5 m, with three-quarters round buttresses at the angles. A second building is almost completely obscured by scree from the mountain. Fragments of the ancient paved road again appear in this area. God-i Ibrahim, in a small valley about 2 » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p.79 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.5 long 65.533 VARIANT names: Argenuus? , Horaia? , Kokala , ※ SOURCE for Argenuus? « KOKALA / HORAIA? / ARGENUUS? » Co-ordinates approx.#846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ p. 5 ※ SOURCE for Horaia? « KOKALA / HORAIA? / ARGENUUS? » Co-ordinates approx. #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ p. 5 ※ SOURCE for Kokala gazetteer gives « 25 30' N 65 32' E » #429 Roaf, Michael, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1996, p. 231 Kokaran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6126237 coordinate: lat 31.6233333 long 65.6002778 NIMA/GNS names: Kokaran , Kukaran , VARIANT names: Kokaran , ※ SOURCE for Kokaran « 1. Kokaran (7 miles). The river Argandab runs within 500 yards of the high road; an irrigation channel also furnishing an abundant supply of water. Small quantities of forage procurable. For the first 3 miles the road passes through the enclosed gardens surrounding the city and crosses the several canals drawn from the Argandab for irrigating the valley of Kandahar. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 331 Kokhard Dome : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.089547 long 54.480818 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kokhard Dome , Kolat Sarkho : arch. site IRN UTM: none coordinate: lat 27.574508 long 53.069896 † basis (located in google earth or maps and no other reference) VARIANT names: Kolat Sarkho , Kol-e Abbid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10442494 coordinate: lat 27.9594 long 56.0164 NIMA/GNS names: Kol-e Abbid , کل آببید , VARIANT names: Kol-e Abbid , Kolpazanum pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.833304 long 52.3439 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kolpazanum pass , ※ SOURCE for Kolpazanum pass « Road now crossess rocky ridge running down centre of valley, and then ascends the opposite range, zigzagging up, steep and very bad, unfit throughout for field guns. Rate of marching, even for very small body of troops, would not exceed 2 miles an hour. At entrance to Kolpzaanum pass ruined caravansarai and spring of excellent water with stream for animals. Very little camping ground, as ground is much broken. Firewood obtainable in small quantities. No inhabitants anywhere near. Height about 3,600 feet. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 119 Komaradj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069331 coordinate: lat 29.6101 long 51.477 NIMA/GNS names: Kamarady , Kamaraj , Kamaraj-e Markazi , Kamarej , Kamarij , Komaradj , کمارج , کمارج مرکزی , VARIANT names: Comúredge , Kamarij , Kamariz , Khaumaridge , Komaradj , Konoridgé , Kumarij , Kumarij kotal , ※ SOURCE for Comúredge « Khisht is enumerated among the towns of Fars by EBN HAUKAL in the tenth century (17), and it would appear that Khisht and Comúredge were both considered in the fourteenth century as holding a higher rank than can be now assigned to them, although the inhabitants have, probably, retained their character unaltered. "They are," says HAMDALLAH MASTOWFI, "two cities or towns "situate in the midst of the mountainous region of the 4 garmsir (or warm country); they have running streams, "and produce date-trees and corn, and nothing else. The "corn is watered here both artificially, and by rain; and "the men are thieves and highway robbers, expert in "the use of arms"(18). HA'FIZ ABRU's account of Khisht and Comáredge is borrowed almost verbally from the description above-quoted; he reduces them to small cities or towns, and adds, (what we found in one instance to be true) that the water was "warm and unpleasant". » #2876 William Ouseley, Travels in Various Countries of the East, More Particularly Persia Vol. 1, Rodwell and Martin, London, 1819, ~ vol. 1 pp. 268-9 ※ SOURCE for Kamarij « 20th February, Kamárij, 3 farsakhs; 9 a.m. to 2 p.m.-Next day we marched only twelve miles to Kamarij. The road traverses a corner of the Khisht plain, leaving rice-fields and date- groves on the left, and enters the low hills which run out from the foot of the Kamarij kotala second flight of rocky stairs, 1200 feet high, » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 34 ※ SOURCE for Kamariz Kunar Takhta (57) to Kamariz is about another 12 miles, withanother big climb, one mass of huge bare rock, ghastly roadand very much the same sort of plateau at the top withKamariz(58) in it fn. 57 Vilmorin (1895), pp. 337-338: “Konar-Takhte lies in one of these little clumps of [date palms]. A village made up of mounds of reedsand an Indo-European Telegraph station: nice little villa, built for the line inspectors posted there… Three rooms, very comfortableand very carefully whitewashed, are put at our disposal by a Persian, temporarily in charge of the villa. The ceiling of these rooms issupported by round joists, covered with mats; this type of construction clearly dates back to what was here before the advent of Islam;however the layout and arrangement of the villa’s rooms belies the love of the English for the comfortable. Using the means at ourdisposal, the rooms, completely devoid of furniture, were soon readied; I installed myself very comfortably in my room, with my tentaccessories for furniture. Only one room in the villa was locked, as it was reserved solely for the inspectors...” fn. 58 Loti (1900), p. 41: “Konoridgé, the village where we would spend the night; soon we could make out the beautiful date palms whichshelter it, its little mosques and all the white terraces with their star-given blue hue. There must be a festival going on, as we could nowhear the tambourines, the flutes, and from time to time, women shouting for joy in a manner as piercing as that in Algeria, the cry ofthe Moorish women…” Also – he refers to it as “the enchanted village”. « Kunar Takhta (57) to Kamariz is about another 12 miles, withanother big climb, one mass of huge bare rock, ghastly roadand very much the same sort of plateau at the top withKamariz(58) in it fn. 57 Vilmorin (1895), pp. 337-338: “Konar-Takhte lies in one of these little clumps of [date palms]. A village made up of mounds of reedsand an Indo-European Telegraph station: nice little villa, built for the line inspectors posted there… Three rooms, very comfortableand very carefully whitewashed, are put at our disposal by a Persian, temporarily in charge of the villa. The ceiling of these rooms issupported by round joists, covered with mats; this type of construction clearly dates back to what was here before the advent of Islam;however the layout and arrangement of the villa’s rooms belies the love of the English for the comfortable. Using the means at ourdisposal, the rooms, completely devoid of furniture, were soon readied; I installed myself very comfortably in my room, with my tentaccessories for furniture. Only one room in the villa was locked, as it was reserved solely for the inspectors...” fn. 58 Loti (1900), p. 41: “Konoridgé, the village where we would spend the night; soon we could make out the beautiful date palms whichshelter it, its little mosques and all the white terraces with their star-given blue hue. There must be a festival going on, as we could nowhear the tambourines, the flutes, and from time to time, women shouting for joy in a manner as piercing as that in Algeria, the cry ofthe Moorish women…” Also – he refers to it as “the enchanted village”. » #3182 Captain John Compton Pyne, A Journal of Three Months’ Walk in Persia in 1884 by Captain John Compton Pyne: Introduction, Notes and Translation, Amsterdam University Press, 2017 ~ p. 53 ※ SOURCE for Khaumaridge « Khaumaridge » in {map#1161 Route of H.M. Mission through Persia on 1809, , , #3070 James Justinian Morier, A Journey Through Persia, Armenia, and Asia Minor, to Constantinople, in the Years 1808 and 1809, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 1812 ~} ※ SOURCE for Konoridgé see source « Kamariz » ※ SOURCE for Kumarij « There are two alternative routes between Kazerun, Kumarij and Konar Takhteh. One, the Rah-i-Bardun, over the Kuh-i-Mast, is often used by Khurshid Khan for caravans to Kazerun, when he is at strife with the kashkulis. The other route from Kazerun leaves the main track at the caravanserai and passes by the Kuh-i-Surkh road to the north of Kumarij till it descends on to the Konar Takhteh plain, thus avoiding the Tang-i-Turkan, Kumarij and the Kotal-i-Kumarij altogether. » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 186 ※ SOURCE for Kumarij kotal « The scene during the ascent of the Kumarij kotal was magnificent. On one side of a huge chasm the path wound tortuously upward ; the other was a sheer precipice, down which Nature in a fantastic mood had fashioned vertical strata-seams straight down the face of the rock. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 63 Kombil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071909 coordinate: lat 27.02 long 56.9991 NIMA/GNS names: Kombil , Kumbil , كمبيل , کومبیل , VARIANT names: Kombil , Kumbil , ※ SOURCE for Kumbil « But from the outlying little hamlet of Kumbil some 10 miles to the south I was able to visit extensive debris-strewn patches of ground with remains unmistakably proving occupation down to mediaeval times. Owing to manifest changes of the river channels no ships could approach these places now within miles. As they are at the same time liable to be flooded at exceptionally high tides, it is clear that the level of the shore has been lowered here. The plentiful pieces of Chinese porcelain and stoneware which could readily be picked up here among Muhammadan pottery, as well as the fragments we found of Chinese copper coins, offered eloquent evidence of the distant trade intercourse which Hormuz had once seen in mediaeval times. » #831 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological Reconnaissances in Southern Persia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1934 (Feb), 83:2:119-34 ~ p. 129 Komiz Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.369659 long 57.229026 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Komiz Castle , ※ SOURCE for Komiz Castle « Kamiz Castle is related to the middle of the post-Islamic historical periods and is located in the village of Kamiz, central part of Rodan city, and this work was registered as one of the national works of Iran on January 10, 2001 with the registration number 6763. Kamiz Castle is located 12 kilometers east of Rodan (Dehbarz) city. Kamiz Castle, which is a symbol of the identity and steadfastness of the people of this system, attracts the eyes of every viewer. This historical castle is on the verge of destruction due to lack of attention. » online reference link [accessed 07 Jul 2024] Konar Malek : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3757653 coordinate: lat 28.8243 long 52.1249 NIMA/GNS names: Konar Malek , کنار مالک , VARIANT names: Konar Malek , Konar Sandal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071968 coordinate: lat 28.459 long 57.7821 NIMA/GNS names: Kenar Sandal , Konar Sandal , Konar-e Sandal , Kunar Sandal , Tump-i-Kunar Sandal , کنار صندل , VARIANT names: Konar Sandal , Konar Siah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10334820 coordinate: lat 28.7076 long 52.4156 NIMA/GNS names: Konar Siah , کنار سیاه , VARIANT names: Camp Kunar- i-Siah (?) , Konar Siah , Konar Siyah , Konar-i-Siah , ※ SOURCE for Camp Kunar- i-Siah (?) « 6 Camp Kunar- i-Siah (?) 12 m. An easy stage, no permanent population. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 173 ※ SOURCE for Konar Siyah « Konar Siyah » in {map#1217 in #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ fig. 20. Carte. Trajet de Dar-ol-Mizan à Firouzabad.} ※ SOURCE for Konar-i-Siah « KONAR-I-SIAH-Lat.Long.Elev.A village in Fars, Persia, 15 miles from Firozabad, on the road to Kongin. This is in winter a favourite resort of the nomadic tribes from its mild climate. There are some plane trees. Water is procured from wells.(Jones.) » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ Konaran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071942 coordinate: lat 30.406111 long 57.641944 NIMA/GNS names: Kanaran , Konaran , Konaru , VARIANT names: Konaran , Konchi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072007 coordinate: lat 27.192611 long 54.885717 NIMA/GNS names: Gonji , Konchi , Konji , کنجی , VARIANT names: Konchi , Konow : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 150195 coordinate: lat 29.272205 long 53.082495 NIMA/GNS names: Konow , کنو , VARIANT names: Kanao , Kennu , Konow , ※ SOURCE for Kanao « Kanao » in {map#1192 in #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ fig. Map showing road from Shiraz to Jashk sheet 1} « 3-11 P.M. passed the small village of Kanao. All about this portion of the road the supply of water is good; there are several kanáts of good water. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 3 ※ SOURCE for Kennu « we proceeded in a direction generally a little s. of E., imlne(liately passing Kennu, a village to our right, thence to Ketta Gumbez, another village; » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 152 Kooran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072131 coordinate: lat 29.721068 long 55.729427 NIMA/GNS names: Khorram , Khorran , Khurram , Kooran , Korran , کران , VARIANT names: Kooran , Kurran , ※ SOURCE for Kurran « 6th April, Kurran, 7 farsakhs ; 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. My second day in Saidabad had been rainy, and for nearly a fortnight longer the weather continued unsettled. We had not gone far on our way towards Kurran, when we were overtaken by a storm of rain and wind, ... In Kurran we found good quarters in the kalantar's house, and fires to dry our things. The village is one of eight which belong to the descendants of a holy man, on whom they were bestowed in fee by the then ruling power. The descendants now number ninety-six souls. In the middle of the village is an open space with mulberry trees, where the water of the qanat comes out from underground and runs sparkling down the street. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 pp. 183-4 Koosh Kenar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072661 coordinate: lat 27.2512 long 52.8668 NIMA/GNS names: Koosh Kenar , Koshkonar , Kush Kunar , Kushk Nar , Kushk Sar , Kushk-e Nar , Kushkonar , كش كنر , كشكنار , كوشك سار , کوشک نار , کوشکنار , VARIANT names: Koochkhonar , Koosh Kenar , ※ SOURCE for Koochkhonar « Koochkhonar » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} kooshk ordashir papkan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.256008 long 51.607563 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Ardeshir Papkan Pavilion کوشک اردشیر پاپکان VARIANT names: kooshk ordashir papkan , Kor river ford : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.221204 long 55.818611 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kor river ford , Koran graveyard : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.739777 long 52.646632 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Koran graveyard , ※ SOURCE for Koran graveyard « So, in order to find artifacts from pre-Islamic periods, I turned my attention to the northern part of the Galedār Plain. There, at place called “Tomb-e Bot,” unique finds were made. A Parthian- Sasanian palace and temple were found that completely confirm evidence and documents attesting to the existence of “Korān” in the pre-Islamic era (Map 2). The ancient site of Tomb-e Bot is in the northerly most part of the Galedār Plain and is located running alongside the Islamic period graveyard of Korān. » #3398 Mohammad Bagher Vosoughi, New Finds from a Parthian-Sasanian City near the Persian Gulf: “Korān”, Sasanika Archaeology, 2012 ~ p. 4 NIMA/GNS feature: RGN UFI: -3072069 coordinate: lat 37 long 44 NIMA/GNS names: Ardalan , Ardelan , Kordestan , Kurdistan , Kurdistan , Kurdistan , Kurdistan , Kurdistan , Kurds , اردلن , اردلن , كردستان , كردستان , كوردستان , كوردستان , VARIANT names: Kordestan , Kurdestan , Koreyt : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072105 coordinate: lat 33.450502 long 56.936902 NIMA/GNS names: Koreyt , Korit , کریت , VARIANT names: Koreyt , Koreza : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070226 coordinate: lat 27.363708 long 53.355379 NIMA/GNS names: Kareh Za , Kereza , Koreh Zar , Koreza , Korezar , کرزار , کره زار , VARIANT names: Koreza , Qara Deh , ※ SOURCE for Qara Deh « Qara Deh » in {map#1317 GSGS 4340 SOUTHERN ASIA 1:2 000 000 SOUTH IRAN, War Office, London, 1945, } Korkhongan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072117 coordinate: lat 30.1415 long 53.9662 NIMA/GNS names: Garkhonkan , Karkhonkan , Korkhongan , Korkhongu , Kurkbunjan , Kurkhunjan , كرخنكان , كرخنگان , كرخنگو , گرخنكان , VARIANT names: Korkhongan , Koshku : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072664 coordinate: lat 27.3197 long 53.4656 NIMA/GNS names: Kashku , Kish Kuh , Kooshk , Koshku , Koshkuh , Kushku , Poshtkuh , کشکو , کشکوه , VARIANT names: Kishkuh , Koshku , ※ SOURCE for Kishkuh « Kishkuh » in {map#1317 GSGS 4340 SOUTHERN ASIA 1:2 000 000 SOUTH IRAN, War Office, London, 1945, } Kotal-e Kashmar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3069993 coordinate: lat 37.4 long 58.7 NIMA/GNS names: Kotal-e Kashmar , Kutal Kashmar , VARIANT names: Kotal-e Kashmar , Kotal-e Pireh Zan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3196286 coordinate: lat 29.55 long 51.916667 NIMA/GNS names: Gardane-e Pirzan , Jaruqi , Kotal-e Pireh Zan , Kotal-e Pirzan , Kutal-i-Pir Zan , Yarok , VARIANT names: Kotal-e Pir-e Zan , Kotal-e Pireh Zan , Kotal-e Pirezan , Pass of the Old Woman , ※ SOURCE for Kotal-e Pir-e Zan « Parmi les paysages de l'Iran, l'un des plus grandioses est le panorama qui se déroule du sommet du Kotal-é Pir-é Zan (Col de la vieille femme). De cet endroit on voit la route inscrire de nombreuses sinuosités le long des pentes boisées et plonger dans la vallée incandescente de Kāzerün par le Kotal-é Dukhtar (Col de la fille).') [Among the landscapes of Iran, one of the most magnificent is the panorama that unfolds from the summit of Kotal-e Pir-e Zan (Old Woman's Pass). From this place one sees the road winding its way along the wooded slopes and plunging into the incandescent valley of Kāzerün via Kotal-e Dukhtar (Girl's Pass).')] » #3408 Maxime Siroux, Petit monument Sāsānide près de Kāzerūn, in: Athar e Iran, Annales du service archeologique de l'Iran. 3, Libraire Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, Paris, 1938, pp.. 135-9 ~ p. 135 « Por otro lado, Stein pensó que la etapa inal daba la vuelta hacia el Este, en las proximidades de Kāzerūn. Esta teoría ha sido seguida por algunos investigadores. Mientras que es verdad que el camino que va hasta Dašt-e Arjan (y desde ahí a Širāz y Persépolis) sobre el Kotal-e Dokhtar y el Kotal-e Pir-e Zan, es más corto, unos 135 km, que la vía que se dirige a través de Farrāšband y Firūzābād, que sin embargo es menos ardua. [On the other hand, Stein thought that the final stage turned towards the East, in the vicinity of Kāzerūn. This theory has been followed by some researchers. While it is true that the road leading to Dašt-e Arjan (and from there to Širāz and Persepolis) over the Kotal-e Dokhtar and the Kotal-e Pir-e Zan, is shorter, about 135 km, than the route leading through Farrāšband and Firūzābād, which is however less arduous.] » #3397 Joaquín Velázquez Muñoz, Problemas en torno al camino real aqueménida entre Susa y Persépolis: rutas y estaciones/Problems at around Achaemenid Royal Road between Susa and Persepolis: Routes and Stations, Gerión, 2013 31:pp. 147-178 ~ p. 154 ※ SOURCE for Kotal-e Pireh Zan « This was our goal after that climb over Pir Zan and the cold. » #3182 Captain John Compton Pyne, A Journal of Three Months’ Walk in Persia in 1884 by Captain John Compton Pyne: Introduction, Notes and Translation, Amsterdam University Press, 2017 ~ p. 79 ※ SOURCE for Kotal-e Pirezan « The last pass, Kotal-e Pirezan, on the route lay over 192 km. from Bushehr, and it was 6 km. in length and being the highest of the three passes. The pass was heavily covered by snow from November. Due to the constant passage of traffic, the state of the road was never allowed to deteriorate, however, far enough for it to become (157) closed, but more animals were lamed and greater losses incurred in this pass than the others. (158)fn. 157. MONTEITH, op. c i t . , 117 fn. 158. FRASER, op. c i t . , 286 » #2976 Jila Sajadi, The English East India Company's Trade with an Iranian port at the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th century: A Geographical Study - a Thesis, University of Southampton, 1985 ~ p. 243 ※ SOURCE for Pass of the Old Woman « The kotals are four in number: The Kotal-i-Mallu, -the Accursed Pass; the Kotal-i-Kumarij; the Kotal-i-Dokhter, the Pass of the Daughter; and the Kotal-i-Pir-i-Zan, the Pass of the Old Woman. ... After dealing with the ' Daughter ' there still remains to be surmounted one last kotal,—the Pass of the Old Woman, and between the young lady and the old lady there is a little valley thickly dotted with oak-trees, which forms a welcome relief to the tired men and beasts ere they commence the second ascent. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ pp. 61 and 110 Kowreh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072212 coordinate: lat 27.919182 long 53.796403 NIMA/GNS names: Kowreh , کوره , VARIANT names: Kaura , Kowreh , ※ SOURCE for Kaura « 2Ist March, Kaura, one farsakh. Next morning dawned inauspiciously with clouds and rain, and Sayyid Ali had fever. Lutf Ali Khan sent me over a good breakfast, and as the day cleared I determined to march four miles to Kaura, on the southern side of the plain. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 125 Kruk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.806368 long 58.494036 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kruk , ※ SOURCE for Kruk « From Bam we marched, on the morning of the 12th January last year, to the village of Kruk, or 23 miles in a S.S.E. direction » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 68 KS] Minab Sarcam : arch. site IRN UTM: 5702, 2711 converted to coordinate: lat 27.1833333333333 long 57.0333333333333 VARIANT names: KS] Minab Sarcam , ※ SOURCE for KS] Minab Sarcam « Other variants: See K1 Details: See K1. No. of sherds: 20 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 41.716667 long 82.900002 VARIANT names: Kucha , ※ SOURCE for Kucha owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Kucha, 82.900002, 41.716667, CN, nkn, exact, 89, tmcIRa0100_058a » Kugu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 210168 coordinate: lat 28.3485 long 57.7115 NIMA/GNS names: Gugu'iyeh , Kugu , Kugu'iyeh , گوگوئیه , VARIANT names: Kugu , ※ SOURCE for Kugu see ref1399 map Kuh Atish : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3193699 coordinate: lat 28.663851 long 55.148036 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh Atish , Kuh-e Atesh , Kuh-i-Atish , Qolleh-ye Atesh , VARIANT names: Kuh Atish , ※ SOURCE for Kuh Atish « At 9 miles it crosses a saddle, the highest point of the pass. A high snow mountain is on the left, the Küb-i-Atish (or mountain of fire). » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 40 Küh Baräftab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10334616 coordinate: lat 28.1094 long 52.0653 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Darbast , کوه داربست , VARIANT names: Küh Baräftab , Kuh-i Baraftab , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Küh Baräftab AT Kuh-e Darbast lat 28.1094 long 52.0653 [[PBR]], ※ SOURCE for Küh Baräftab « One mile north of the village are some low, rounded, sandstone hills. A good road fram Riz enters the hills east-north-east, and leads via Küh Baräftab to Pas-i-Rudak, 15 miles distant. Another road enters the hills slightly east of south-east by east and leads to Dad-ul-Mizan, 18 miles distant. » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 p. 840 « At 12 miles reach hollow with a few unfertile date trees and brackish water, fit for animals. Rocks nearby give shelter from rain and sun all day long. This is a good place to break stage; it is known as Baraftab. Continuing down the ravine, the track crosses a hill-side of smooth sloping limestone, difficult for mules. It then crosses two ridges by a difficult track, and finally eriters Pās Rüdak plain at 18 miles. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 283 « At 7 miles reach spring in hollow known as Gaud-i-Khineh; good water all the year round. Thence the road ascends N. to the top of the Baraftab pass 1,450, 8 miles by an easy track. The track now becomes difficult, and even dangerous for loaded mules; it is a goat-track skirting shaley slopes above a precipice. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 173 ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i Baraftab « Küh Baräftab » in {map#1236 in #3188 'MAP OF PERSIA, WITH A MEMORANDUM AND INDEX.', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/623, in Qatar Digital Library } Kuh Pa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013244 coordinate: lat 32.7136 long 52.4398 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh Pa , Kuhpayeh , Qohpayeh , کوهپایه , VARIANT names: Coopa , Cupa , Kuh Pa , ※ SOURCE for Coopa « The 16th, to Coopa, five p. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 216 ※ SOURCE for Cupa « Den folgenden Tag kamen wir gen Cupa, cine/mit gutem Wasser/schonen Garten/und andern noth wendigen Dingen wohlversehen versehene Stad. Sie gehöret dem Mehemet Beg, einem Juspaſchi. [The following day we came to Cupa, a town well-provided with good water, beautiful gardens, and other necessary things. It belongs to Mehemet Beg, a Juspaſchi.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 62 Kuhaki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 13899700 coordinate: lat 28.458051 long 53.521861 NIMA/GNS names: Kuhaki , کوهکی , VARIANT names: Kuhaki , village a league away (Rebelo) , ※ SOURCE for village a league away (Rebelo) « En sortant de toutes ces montagnes sauvages, nous étions si las et si découragés que nous renonçâmes à aller dormir dans un village à une lieue de là. [Coming out of all these wild mountains, we were so tired and so discouraged that we gave up going to sleep in a village a league away.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 113 Kuhanjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072311 coordinate: lat 29.2308 long 52.9554 NIMA/GNS names: Kuhanjan , Kuh-e Injun , Kuhenjan , Kuhinjun , کوهنجان , VARIANT names: Kubanjan , Kuhanjan , Kühinjän , Kunjun , ※ SOURCE for Kubanjan « Sarvistān and Kubanjan(1). Districts of the hot region, that have a varied climate. The palm grows abundantly, and crops of corn and dates are produced. fn. 1 Modern Kühinjän. » #3133 trans. G. Le Strange, The Geographical Part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub¯ Composed by Hamd-Allāh Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 116 ※ SOURCE for Kühinjän « Sarvistān and Kubanjan(1). Districts of the hot region, that have a varied climate. The palm grows abundantly, and crops of corn and dates are produced. fn. 1 Modern Kühinjän. » #3133 trans. G. Le Strange, The Geographical Part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub¯ Composed by Hamd-Allāh Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 116 ※ SOURCE for Kunjun « Kunjun » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} « A more attractive though circuitous route to Shiraz diverges from Mazafri over the hills to the east into the Sarvistan plain, touching the pretty little village of Kunjun at the foot of the hills close to the Sarvistan-Maharlu road. This little village, like others on the fertile Sarvistan plain, is a veritable agricultural paradise. Grain grown in the district is noted for its flavour, and fetches a high price in the market, whilst water flows freely from inexhaustible streams, rendering the village independent of rainfall. From Kunjun Shiraz may be reached by skirting either side of the Shiraz lake. If the traveller chooses the westerly track, past Maharlu village and over the Pul-i-Fasa, he will be taking the shortest road by a mile or two. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 165 Kuhar Manzil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.994275 long 58.989041 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kuhar Manzil , ※ SOURCE for Kuhar Manzil « Leaving Azizabad on the 17th January, we marched 18 miles E. by N. to Kuhar Manzil, » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 68 Kuhbanan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072278 coordinate: lat 31.410293 long 56.282547 NIMA/GNS names: Koobanan , Kuh Banan , Kuh Baneh , Kuhbanan , Kuhbonan , کوهبنان , VARIANT names: Kuhbanan , Kuh-e `Asgaru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MTS UFI: -3193687 coordinate: lat 29.686634 long 57.423741 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e `Asgaru , Kuh-e `Askaruyeh , Kuh-i-Askaru , کوه عسگرو , کوه عسکرویه , VARIANT names: Kuh-e `Asgaru , Kuh-i-Askaru , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i-Askaru « Shortly afterwards the track runs between two rather prominent hills. Beyond this the Band-i-Gudr is close to the track. while the range above Rayin, the Kuh-i-Askaru, is left behind. At 12 miles, after a level and monotonous section of desert, we saw a kanat of good water running down from the range. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 328 Kuh-e Alvand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3823506 coordinate: lat 34.625536 long 48.512837 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Alvand , Kuh-e Khakuh , کوه الوند , کوه خاکوه , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Alvand , Mt. Alvand , ※ SOURCE for Mt. Alvand « Asadabad, which the road left sometimes to its left (I. Rusta), is the well-known borough to the west of the easiest pass in Mt. Alvand. It is probably identical with I. Khordadhbih's Khundadh (Khunwadh, i.e. Onoadas of Tabula Peutingeriana, as suggested by Herzfeld). » #3541 Ibn Muhalhil, Vladimir Minorsky, Abu¯-Dulaf Mis?ar ibn Muhalhil's Travels in Iran, Cairo University Press, Cairo, 1955 ~ p. 96 Kuh-e Asmareh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3053989 coordinate: lat 31.733895 long 49.578616 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Asmareh , Kuh-e Asmari , Kuh-e Asmari , Kuh-i-Asmari , کوه آسماری , VARIANT names: Ausemari , Kuh-e Asmareh , Kuh-i-Asmari , ※ SOURCE for Ausemari « Shortly after, on my return to Kala Tul, Shefi'a Khan himself came to the castle. When he had finished his business he invited me to return with him to his encampinent. He and his family and followers were living in regular Iliyat fashion, in large black tents pitched in a valley in the rocky and treeless mountain of Ausemari. The country through which we rode to reach them was well watered and fertile. It was a favourite winter camping-ground of the Bakhtiyari, and their tents were to be seen in every direction. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 436 ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i-Asmari « Next day I ascended the mountain behind Gergir (Kuh-i-Asmari) to near its summit, and enjoyed a wide prospect of barren lands and bare ridges. The eye followed the green margin of the stream of Gergir as it wound northwards. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ pp. 547-8 Kuh-e Ateh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3054034 coordinate: lat 31.644722 long 50.403611 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Ateh , Kuh-i-Ateh , كوه اته , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Ateh , Kuh-e Ayyub : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3054116 coordinate: lat 30.025771 long 52.65695 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Ayyub , کوه ایوب , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Ayyub , Kuh-e Badini : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3054427 coordinate: lat 27.51594 long 54.78382 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Bad Ney , Kuh-e Badini , Kuh-e Siah , کوه بادینی , کوه سیاه , VARIANT names: K Badeni , Kuh-e Badini , ※ SOURCE for K Badeni « K Badeni » in {map#1241 in #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ fig. 'Skecth Map to Illustrate Report of Mr. Butcher's Survey from Bushire to Bandar-Abbas During 1888} Kuh-e Bang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3055226 coordinate: lat 29.7616 long 50.3706 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Bang , Kuh-e Binak , Kuh-i Bang , كوه بنگ , کوه بینک , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Bang , Kuh-e Bar Aftab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PK UFI: -3193846 coordinate: lat 27.9 long 52.6 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Bar Aftab , Kuh-i-Baraftab , كوه بر آفتاب , VARIANT names: Küh Baräftab , Kuh-e Bar Aftab , ※ SOURCE for Küh Baräftab « One mile north of the village are some low, rounded, sandstone hills. A good road fram Riz enters the hills east-north-east, and leads via Küh Baräftab to Pas-i-Rüdak, 15 miles distant. Another road enters the hills slightly east of south-east by east and leads to Dad-ul-Mizan, 18 miles distant. » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 p. 840 « at 2 milescross from N. to S., a precipitous ridge, running E. by S., by a breach known as Guli Darwazeh, and soon after strike a sharp bend of the Mund river flowing in a bed in places 160 feet deep and 400 yards wide, one bank being generally precipitous, the other shelving. At 10 miles cross the Shūrab stream (barekish), bed 200 yards broad, 35' deep, steep banks except one or two places; best ford near its junction with the Münd. Depth at end of August 1911 2'6", current gentle, bottom pebbly. Marks on bank show that it rose to within a few feet of the top its bed last winter; it is probably quite unfordable for 6 months inthe year. The volume of its water is nearly three times as great as that of the Mund, which E. of Pas Rūdak, ceases to be known by this name. At 12 miles reach hollow with a few unfertile date trees and brackish water, fit for animals. Rocks nearby give shelter from rain and sun all day long. This is a good place to break stage; it is known as Baraftab. Continuing down the ravine, the track crosses a hill-side of smooth sloping limestone, difficult for mules. It then crosses two ridges by a dificult track, and finally enters Päs Rüdak plain at 18 miles.At this point the Mind river is close by and water can be obtained. At 18 miles pass the tower of Saiyid Ali Akbar on a ridge, at the edge of alluvial river terraces watered by canals from Mund: 18 huts in vicinity. At 19 miles the Mund is forded and at 20 miles reach village and for of Pas Rudak. Several date groves: 200 huts. Stage 3 of Route I (f). » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 283 Kuh-e Barfkhaneh Tezerjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3193854 coordinate: lat 31.554381 long 54.149058 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Barfkhaneh , Kuh-e Barfkhaneh Tezerjan , Kuh-e Barfkhuneh Tezerjan , Kuh-i-Barfkhaneh , كوه برفخانه , کوه برفخانه طزرجان , کوه برفخونه طزرجان , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Barfkhaneh Tezerjan , Kuh-e Barikeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10101171 coordinate: lat 34.432047 long 46.048474 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Barikeh , کوه باریکه , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Barikeh , Kuh-e Baryeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 13766226 coordinate: lat 34.664151 long 48.486061 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Baryeh , کوه بریه , VARIANT names: Alvand , Kuh-e Baryeh , ※ SOURCE for Alvand « Alvand is a subrange of the Zagros Mountains in western Iran located 10 km (6.2 miles) south of the city of Hamadan in Hamadan province. Its summit has an elevation of 3,580 m (11,750 ft).[2] The main body of the Alvand range extends for about 50 km from east to west, while their maximum north–south width is about 30 km. » Alvand online reference link [accessed 05 Jul 2025] Kuh-e Bizan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3193957 coordinate: lat 28.835556 long 54.0625 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh Bizan , Kuh-e Biran , Kuh-e Bizan , Kuh-e Bizdan , Kuh-i-Bizan , كوه بيران , كوه بيزدان , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Bizan , Kuh-e Borji : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 11828920 coordinate: lat 27.171703 long 53.516475 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Borji , Kuh-e Dom Nar , کوه برجی , کوه دم نار , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Borji , Mons Okhus , ※ SOURCE for Mons Okhus « Vom Ras Nabend steigt das Land steil empor zu einer Bergkette , die gegen SO. zieht , eine tafelförmige Oberfläche hat und nach Niebuhr den Namen Dahhr Asbân führt ; ihr Ostende ist der Mons Okhus des Nearch . [From Ras Nabend the land rises steeply to a mountain range that faces SE. draws , has a tabular surface and bears the name Dahhr Asbân after Niebuhr ; its eastern end is the Mons Okhus of the Nearch.] » #2991 Heinrich Karl W. Berghaus, Asia, Sammlung von Denkschriften in Beziehung auf die Geo- und Hydrographie dieses Erdtheils Volume 51, 1832 ~ p. 42 « Ochus Mons » in #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882, ~ plate XV Kuh-e Chah Zirak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10161584 coordinate: lat 34.291284 long 49.37077 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Chah Zirak , Kuh-e Do Shakh , کوه چاه زيرک , کوه دو شاخ , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Chah Zirak , Kuh-e Chashmeh Dozdi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3058661 coordinate: lat 28.7988 long 57.812 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Chashmeh Dozdi , Kuh-e Cheshmeh Dozdi , Kuh-e Cheshmeh-ye Dozdi , کوه چشمه دزدی , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Chashmeh Dozdi , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-e Chashmeh Dozdi « To return to our journey, we left our flour mill on January 1st, and spent our New Year's Day slowly mounting a big "fan" of detritus at the end of our long plain. We progressed from small gravel up to larger and larger stones and boulders, and finally struck into the mountains to the right up a sort of river-bed ravine past a spot known as Chasma i Duz dian "The Spring of Thieves" to a bleak and barren camping-ground at Ab Garmá "Warm Water" » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 19 Kuh-e Dadin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3058954 coordinate: lat 29.392552 long 51.812018 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Dadin , کوه دادین , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Dadin , Kuh-e Dahlich : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3059055 coordinate: lat 33.163652 long 48.015326 NIMA/GNS names: Dahlich-e Kuchek , Dalich-e Kuchak , Kuh-e Dahlich , دليچ كوچك , دهليچ كوچك , كوه دهليچ , کوه دهلیچ , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Dahlich , Kuh-e Dalan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MTS UFI: -3194311 coordinate: lat 32.928112 long 50.633252 NIMA/GNS names: Dalan Kuh , Kuh-e Dalan , Kuh-e Daran , Kuh-i-Darun , دالان کوه , کوه دالان , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Dalan , Kuh-e Daneh Khoshg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3059205 coordinate: lat 34.375353 long 45.881236 NIMA/GNS names: Danah Khushk , Kuh-e Daneh Khoshg , Kuh-e Daneh Khoshk , کوه دنه خشک , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Daneh Khoshg , Kuh-e Darbast : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10334616 coordinate: lat 28.1094 long 52.0653 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Darbast , کوه داربست , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Darbast , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Kuh-e Darbast FOR Küh Baräftab [[PBR]], Kuh-e Derang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3061030 coordinate: lat 28.09905 long 51.63725 NIMA/GNS names: Amir Divan , Kuh-e Darang , Kuh-e Derang , امير ديوان , كوه درنگ , VARIANT names: Berge von Kenn , Djebel Direng , Hummocks of Kenn , Jebel Direng , Kuh-e Darang , Kuh-e Derang , ※ SOURCE for Berge von Kenn « Berge von Kenn » in {map#1111 Persian Gulf, Atlas von Asia map 12, Heinrich Berghaus, 1832-56, British Library Maps 51010.(2.)} ※ SOURCE for Djebel Direng « Djebel Direng » in {map#1029 Kaart van de Perzische Golf, ed. A. Hotz, 1907 (1645), #2863 Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ ( Kaart No. IV) after p. 545} ※ SOURCE for Hummocks of Kenn « Gebil Dering, or the Hummocks of Kenn, form a well known land-mark, in lat. 28° 3' 55" N., long. 51° 47' 27" E. (the centre hummock). When the centre hummock bears N. 26° W. true, you are clear of the reef or foul ground, and may stand in on that line to five fathoms. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985, ~ ※ SOURCE for Jebel Direng « Jebel Direng » in {map#1016 Persian Gulf. Western Sheet, Constable and Stiffe, 1917, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837b} ※ SOURCE for Kuh-e Darang « Kuh-e Darang (28°05'N., 51°36'E.), the summit of this group, rises to 1,240m about 25 miles NW of Kangan. Depending upon the direction from which it is seen, the mountain appears to have one peak or from three to five hummocks of equal height. When seen from SW, the hummocks are in range and a great bluff appears on the N side of the mountain. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022, ~ p. 297 Kuh-e Do Kharun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MTS UFI: -3744330 coordinate: lat 30.985071 long 54.621562 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Do Kharun , Tall-e Do Khvaharan , Tall-e Do Qarun , تل دو قارون , کوه دو خارون , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Do Kharun , Kuh-I-Dukaru , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-I-Dukaru « At 18¾ miles a road leaves going half left towards a range of hills, where Chah Mil is at 4 farsakhs distance. Then pass some nomad camps miles away to the left of the road, and at 20¼ miles halt in the desert near the foot of the Kuh-I-Dukaru. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 23 Kuh-e Estakhr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10382024 coordinate: lat 30.063208 long 52.718308 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Estakhr , کوه استخر , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Estakhr , Kuh-e Faryab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 13920890 coordinate: lat 27.94759 long 53.119991 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Faryab , کوه فاریاب , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Faryab , Kuh-e Faryab va Khan Baghi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 13920863 coordinate: lat 27.942908 long 53.083384 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Faryab va Khan Baghi , کوه فاریاب و خان باغی , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Faryab va Khan Baghi , Kuh-e Finu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3063019 coordinate: lat 27.8426 long 56.1043 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Finu , Kuh-i- Finu , كوه فينو , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Finu , Kuh-e Gar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 13864436 coordinate: lat 28.644548 long 54.029406 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Gar , کوه گر , VARIANT names: Koh-i-Gar , Kuh-e Gar , Kuh-e Gerd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MTS UFI: -3064075 coordinate: lat 33.154245 long 48.270671 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Gerd , Kuh-i-Gird , كوه گرد , کوه گرد , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Gerd , Kuh-e Hafcheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3065343 coordinate: lat 27.569675 long 52.654181 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Hafcheh , Kuh-e Hafchen , Kuh-e Haft Chah , Kuh-e Haft Cheh , كوه هفچن , كوه هفچه , کوه هفت چاه , کوه هفت چه , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Hafcheh , Kuh-e Haftcah , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-e Haftcah « Our area (map), located between 52° 20' and 53° 30' E and 26° 55' and 27° 55' N, is characterized by the folds of the Küh-e Haftcah (up to 1484 m high), the Küh-e Zālemi (up to 1758 m high), the Küh-e Havvä/Sanüis (up to 1618 m high) and the Küh-e Hong (up to 1792 m high) running parallel to the Gulf coast from approx. 130° to approx. 310°. » #3262 Gaube, Heinz, Im Hinterland von Siraf. Das Tal von Galledar/Fal und seine Nachbargebiete : (Tafeln 30-37)., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1980 vol. 13:pp. 149-166 ~ p. 150 Kuh-e Hasani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 13899754 coordinate: lat 28.313091 long 53.748604 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Hasani , کوه حسنی , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Hasani , Kutelli Harseni (Kotal-e Harseni) , ※ SOURCE for Kutelli Harseni (Kotal-e Harseni) « Den abgestiegenen Berg oder Puy Kutel (Kotal, Gebirgspaß) nannte man Kutelli Harseni (Kotal-e Harseni) (?)... dann immer durch sehr große unterirdische Trümmer passiert, welche sich von links zum Vorgebirge rechts [The descended mountain or Puy Kutel (Kotal, mountain pass) was called Kutelli Harseni (Kotal-e Harseni) (?)... then always passed through very large underground rubble, which spread from the left to the foothills on the right] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 116 Kuh-e Hava : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PK UFI: -3066246 coordinate: lat 27.8131 long 52.8777 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Hava , Kuh-e Hava , Kuh-i-Hava , کوه هوا , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Hava , Kuh-e Havva/Sanuis , Kuh-i Hava , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-e Havva/Sanuis « Our area (map), located between 52° 20' and 53° 30' E and 26° 55' and 27° 55' N, is characterized by the folds of the Küh-e Haftcah (up to 1484 m high), the Küh-e Zālemi (up to 1758 m high), the Küh-e Havvä/Sanüis (up to 1618 m high) and the Küh-e Hong (up to 1792 m high) running parallel to the Gulf coast from approx. 130° to approx. 310°. » #3262 Gaube, Heinz, Im Hinterland von Siraf. Das Tal von Galledar/Fal und seine Nachbargebiete : (Tafeln 30-37)., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1980 vol. 13:pp. 149-166 ~ p. 150 ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i Hava « Kuh-i Hava » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Gabandi G-39F 1941} Kuh-e Kemeshk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 11833872 coordinate: lat 27.034726 long 53.876907 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Kemeshk , کوه کمشک , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Kemeshk , Kuh-e Khabir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3070324 coordinate: lat 28.811107 long 56.431141 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Khabar , Kuh-e Khabir , Kuh-e Khabr , Kuh-e Khebr , Kuh-e Kheybar , کوه خبر , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Khabir , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-e Khabir « I was looking southwards ; on my left the wide moors stretched away to the bases of the Kuh-i-Khahr, whose huge irregular form, robed in snow, had been seen by glimpses since the morning, but now stood forth complete ; » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 173 Kuh-e Khald Pushan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: 13836522 coordinate: lat 27.705878 long 54.335764 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Khald Pushan , کوه خلد پوشان , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Khald Pushan , Kuh-e Khormuj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3071183 coordinate: lat 28.721037 long 51.465643 NIMA/GNS names: Ertefa`at-e Khvormuj , Khurmuj , Kuh Khormuj , Kuh-e Bayrami , Kuh-e Kharnu , Kuh-e Khormuj , Kuh-e Khowr Muj , Kuh-e Khowrmuj , Kuh-i-Khurmuj , كوه خورموج , کوه بيرمی , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Khormuj , Kuh-i-Khurmuj , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i-Khurmuj « 3KUH-I-KHURMUJ 465'.19 m.General direction S.-S.-E. The road, forthe whole stage consists of alluvial soil or clay, liable in wet weather to be very heavy, and skirts the base of Küh-i-Khürmüj, through a district clothed with green grass, and numerous tracts of wheat. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 175 Kuh-e Khvajeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10025591 coordinate: lat 30.944006 long 61.244545 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Khvajeh , کوه خواجه , VARIANT names: Koh-i-Khwajah , Kuh-e Khvajeh , ※ SOURCE for Koh-i-Khwajah « This district is bounded on the north by the "Náïzár," or reed bed which fringes the "Hámún," or expanse; west by the Hámún itself, of which the hill called "Koh-i-Kwájah" marks the centre of the line; south by a line comprising Sekuha and all villages and lands watered by the main Sistan canal; and east by the old bed of the Helmand, from a mile or so above the "Band" at Kohak to the mouth.The more northerly inhabited villages may be considered "Kalah-i-Nao" and "Rindan."The western side is marked sufficiently by the "Koh-i-Khwajah." » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 70 Kuh-e Kialan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3765090 coordinate: lat 32.943266 long 48.033676 NIMA/GNS names: Kialan Kuh , Kuh-e Keyalow , Kuh-e Keyalu , Kuh-e Kialan , Kuh-e Kialu , كوه كيالان , كوه كيالو , كوه كيالو , كوه كيالو , کوه کیالان , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Kialan , Kuh-e Kilagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10334827 coordinate: lat 28.5204 long 52.4193 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Kilagh , کوه کیلاغ , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Kilagh , Kuh-i-Kilagh , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-e Kilagh « Kilagh, Kuh- i-: see Kalagh, Kūh-e MT 28°27'N 52°27'E IR07 XM44 NH39-15 » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vol. K-Z p. 967 ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i-Kilagh « Kuh-i-Kilagh » in {map#1146 Bushire and Surrounding Area, , , British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/728, f 30, in Qatar Digital Library fig. Bushire and Surrounding Area} Kuh-e Labakh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 11826886 coordinate: lat 26.740447 long 53.810785 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Labakh , کوه لباخ , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Labakh , Kuh-e Mangareh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3772621 coordinate: lat 32.91218 long 48.279787 NIMA/GNS names: Esbelu , Kuh-e Espelan , Kuh-e Mangareh , Mangareh , اسبلو , کوه اسپلان , کوه منگره , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Mangareh , Kuh-e Mat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10907877 coordinate: lat 31.784076 long 50.255434 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Mat , کوه مات , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Mat , Kuh-e Meymand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 153448 coordinate: lat 28.734167 long 52.763333 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Meymand , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Meymand , Kuh-e Mungasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3823107 coordinate: lat 31.637843 long 50.117624 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Mangasht , Kuh-e Mungasht , Kuhha-ye Hangasht , Kuhha-ye Mangasht , Kuh-i-Mangasht , کوه منگشت , کوه مونگشت , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Mungasht , Kuh-e Murd-e Fal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RDGE UFI: -3195993 coordinate: lat 31.791217 long 49.657887 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Mordeh Fal , Kuh-e Murd-e Fal , Kuh-i-Murdehfal , كوه مرده فال , کوه مورد فل , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Murd-e Fal , Kuh-e Murd-e Fal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: 14429929 coordinate: lat 31.835718 long 49.524676 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Murd-e Fal , کوه مورد فل , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Murd-e Fal , Kuh-e Namak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 178389 coordinate: lat 28.7791 long 54.3902 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Namak , کوه نمک , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Namak , Kuh-e Namak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3076388 coordinate: lat 28.7219 long 53.1562 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Namak , کوه نمک , VARIANT names: Kou-Nemek , Kuh-e Namak , ※ SOURCE for Kou-Nemek « Nous laissâmes à notre droite la vallée du Tengui-Tachka et en- trâmes dans la montagne; après avoir fait envi- ron quatre farsangs, nous trouvâmes une autre rivière qui coule de l'est à l'ouest et va se jeter comme l'autre, dans le Tengui-Akoun; celui-ci vient de l'est et se dirige au sud-ouest pour aller se jeter dans le golfe, nous passâmes tout auprès; la carte de Lapie est assez exacte pour le cours de ces rivières. Nous passâmes au pied du Kou-Nemek (montagne de sel), ainsi nom- mée à cause de la grande quantité de sel qu'elle contient; [We left the valley of the Tengui-Tachka on our right and entered the mountain; after having made about four farsangs, we found another river which flows from east to west and flows like the other into the Tengui-Akoun; this one comes from the east and heads southwest to flow into the gulf, we passed very close by; Lapie's map is quite accurate for the course of these rivers. We passed at the foot of the Kou-Nemek (mountain of salt), so called because of the large quantity of salt it contains;] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 522 Kuh-e Namak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3744944 coordinate: lat 27.53078 long 54.71846 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Namak , کوه نمک , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Namak , Kuh-e Nar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3076479 coordinate: lat 27.583 long 52.9642 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Nar , کوه نر , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Nar , Kuh-e Zalemi , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-e Zalemi « Our area (map), located between 52° 20' and 53° 30' E and 26° 55' and 27° 55' N, is characterized by the folds of the Küh-e Haftcah (up to 1484 m high), the Küh-e Zālemi (up to 1758 m high), the Küh-e Havvä/Sanüis (up to 1618 m high) and the Küh-e Hong (up to 1792 m high) running parallel to the Gulf coast from approx. 130° to approx. 310°. » #3262 Gaube, Heinz, Im Hinterland von Siraf. Das Tal von Galledar/Fal und seine Nachbargebiete : (Tafeln 30-37)., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1980 vol. 13:pp. 149-166 ~ p. 150 Kuh-e Niam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3196125 coordinate: lat 27.583333 long 56.783333 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Niam , Kuh-e Nian , Kuh-i-Niam , كوه نيام , كوه نيان , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Niam , Naiyan , ※ SOURCE for Naiyan « The houses are of course built of sun-baked mud and at little distance the whole village in alnost indistinguishable from the soil. It lies curled up behind a mud hill about 50 or 60 fest high which is capped by an old ruined watoh-tower (also of mud) and "Fort", at the base of the big sountain Naiyan (6000 or 8000 feet) The top of the sountath is not a peak, but a long straight line of many miles and the face of it is a sheer drop as if the mountain vere a gigatic shape of jelly of which proportionate table spoon has cut away the half.The ridge ends up in a sugar-loaf cone also about 8000 feet which had been a land-mark on our horizon tron Bandar Abbas. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 3 Kuh-e Nuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3077297 coordinate: lat 34.278505 long 46.12759 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Nava , Kuh-e Nova , Kuh-e Nuh , کوه نوا , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Nuh , Kuh-e Pardi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10074752 coordinate: lat 27.811844 long 52.279223 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Pardi , Kuh-e Puzeh Pedari , کوه پردی , کوه پوزه پدری , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Pardi , Kuh-i-Padri , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i-Padri « Padri (]21) is a village below the great, needle-shapedmountain of Kuh-i Padri (2,152 m), surrounded byterracing and rock-cut conduits (Fig. 72). A cemetery with gravestones lies behind the village. Numerous sections of the ancient paved road wind round thesouth and east sides of the foot of the mountain.Kuh-i Padri appears to have a curtain wall defendingthe summit and numerous vaulted buildings; unfortunately on neither trip were we able to survey these remains, although Mr Mahmud Kordvani of theIranian Center for Archaeological Research recorded local reports of buildings in 1966. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 81 Kuh-e Pareh Salan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10042963 coordinate: lat 32.6883 long 48.9444 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Pareh Salan , کوه پاره سالن , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Pareh Salan , Salun , ※ SOURCE for Salun « Halt on crest of hill for bearings. Temperature here was low, being only 48° Fahrenheit. There was a considerable amount of snow still lying about. » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 50/92 Kuh-e Pazanan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MTS UFI: -3078142 coordinate: lat 27.9483 long 52.5368 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Pazanan , Kuh-e Pazenan , Kuh-i-Pazanan , کوه پازنان , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Pazanan , Kuh-e Por Deraz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10074772 coordinate: lat 27.8165 long 52.398 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Por Deraz , کوه پر دراز , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Por Deraz , Kuh-e Qadamgah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: 13836527 coordinate: lat 27.700161 long 54.342931 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Qadamgah , کوه قدمگاه , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Qadamgah , Kuh-e Qal`eh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10382033 coordinate: lat 30.029365 long 52.757294 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Qal`eh , Kuh-e Shekasteh , Puzeh-ye Jik Jiki , پوزه جیک جیکی , کوه شکسته , کوه قلعه , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Qal`eh , Kuh-e Qal`eh Nariman : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 13883062 coordinate: lat 28.950558 long 53.502798 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Qal`eh Nariman , کوه قلعه نریمان , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Qal`eh Nariman , Kuh-e Rokh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 6012941 coordinate: lat 32.779766 long 51.450073 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Pilat , Kuh-e Rokh , Kuh-i-Pilat , کوه رخ , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Rokh , Kuh-e Sakriyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3081966 coordinate: lat 32.645055 long 48.749538 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Sagaryan , Kuh-e Sagaryun , Kuh-e Sagrian , Kuh-e Sakrian , Kuh-e Sakriyeh , Kuh-e Sar Garyan , Kuh-i Sagrian , کوه سگريون , کوه سگریان , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Sakriyeh , Kuh-e Sar Sefid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PK UFI: -3196754 coordinate: lat 29.537548 long 54.252697 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Sar Safid , Kuh-e Sar Sefid , Kuh-i-Sar Sefid , كوه سر سفيد , VARIANT names: Koh-i-Sar Safid , Kuh-e Sar Sefid , ※ SOURCE for Koh-i-Sar Safid « Before crossing the range behind which it lies we were obliged to halt for the night at a small spring known as Chashmeh-i-Qal'a-i-Mākū, situated at an elevation of 6,800 ft. below the high peak of Koh-i-Sar Safid. Next morning a stiff climb, difficult for laden mules, brought us along a narrow rocky spur to an unsurveyed pass known to our Karai guides by the name of Pirisu. It lies at an elevation of 8,600 ft. across a shoulder of the conspicuous peak rising close on 2,000 ft. higher. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 205 Kuh-e Sefid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MTS UFI: 13897485 coordinate: lat 28.196554 long 53.880015 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Sefid , کوه سفید , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Sefid , Kuh-e Shab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 11337864 coordinate: lat 27.430787 long 55.13836 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Shab , کوه شب , VARIANT names: K Hormuz , K. Sho , Kuh-e Shab , ※ SOURCE for K Hormuz « K Hormuz » in {map#1241 in #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ fig. 'Skecth Map to Illustrate Report of Mr. Butcher's Survey from Bushire to Bandar-Abbas During 1888} ※ SOURCE for K. Sho « K. Sho » in {map#1241 in #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ fig. 'Skecth Map to Illustrate Report of Mr. Butcher's Survey from Bushire to Bandar-Abbas During 1888} Kuh-e Shamshalu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3196892 coordinate: lat 28.3043 long 52.3417 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Shamshalu , Kuh-e Shamshli , Kuh-i-Shamshali , کوه شمشالو , VARIANT names: Kouh-Chimchalou , Kuh-e Shamshalu , Kuh-i Shamshali , ※ SOURCE for Kouh-Chimchalou « On me dit qu'elle s'appelle le Birkéh Chimchalou, du nom de la montagne Kouh-Chimchalou qui se trouve devant nous. » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 135 ※ SOURCE for Kuh-e Shamshalu « Bei Kuh-e Shamshali sind Reste der Pflasterstraße er- halten und bei Dowlatabad/Behrusi ist mit Resten einer Brücke über den Rudkhaneh Mand zu rechnen. Eine Quer- verbindung nach Qir und Djahrom über Garmusht kann mit einer Wegführung in Zusammenhang mit der Pol-e Arus (Abb. 16) stehen (19). Fn. 19 AMI 23, 1990, 275 ff. [At Kuh-e Shamshali, remains of the paved road have been preserved and at Dowlatabad/Behrusi, remains of a bridge over the Rudkhaneh Mand can be expected. A cross-connection to Qir and Djahrom via Garmusht may be associated with a route connected to the Pol-e Arus (Fig. 16) (19). Note 19 AMI 23, 1990, 275 ff.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 17 « eine bei Kuh-e Shamshali - sind über- liefert, doch müssen weitere Karawanenstationen auf diesem Weg erwartet werden sowie ein Übergang über den Unter- ei- lauf des Rudkhaneh [one at Kuh-e Shamshali - are recorded, but further caravan stations must be expected on this route as well as a crossing over the lower reaches of the Rudkhaneh] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 122 ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i Shamshali « Kuh-i Shamshali » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} « Kuh-i Shamshali » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} Kuh-e Shir Kuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 11845318 coordinate: lat 31.652703 long 54.069183 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Shir Kuh , کوه شير کوه , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Shir Kuh , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-e Shir Kuh « Fahraj is beautifully shaded by mulberry trees, and its qanat, when we saw it, was full of cold snow-water from Shirkuh. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 255 Kuh-e Siah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 11742859 coordinate: lat 27.207427 long 55.857126 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Siah , کوه سياه , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Siah , Kusciar , ※ SOURCE for Kusciar « La terza posata si fece inCiuciululion, dove, al venire, era- vamo stati tanti giorni fermi. La quarta giornata, cambiandosi quivi il cammino, e pigliandone un altro diverso da quel che avevamo fatto al venire, posammo in Issin. La quinta, dopo aver passato un piccolo fiume di acqua salsa, riposammo in Kusciar. La sestá in Kahuristan, villa cosi detta per la quantità degli alberi di kahur o di acacia che ha nel suo territorio. [The third trip was made in Ciuciululion, where, upon arriving, we had been stationary for many days. On the fourth day, changing our route there and taking another different from the one we had taken when we came, we set off in Issin. On the fifth, after passing a small river of salt water, we rested in Kusciar. The sixth in Kahuristan, a villa so called due to the quantity of kahur or acacia trees it has in its territory.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ voo. 2 p. 317 Kuh-e Sina : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10161599 coordinate: lat 34.437739 long 49.496995 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Sina , کوه سینا , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Sina , Kuh-e Sorkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 13920902 coordinate: lat 27.951307 long 53.198418 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Sorkh , کوه سرخ , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Sorkh , Kuh-e Surmeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3197156 coordinate: lat 27.933333 long 55.933333 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Surmeh , Kuh-i-Surmeh , Sarmad , سرمد , كوه سورمه , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Surmeh , Kuh-e Tabar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10782563 coordinate: lat 29.73129 long 51.790999 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Tabar , Kuh-e Tavar , کوه تبار , کوه توار , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Tabar , Kuh-e Tang-e Khowr-e Khalili : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 13917609 coordinate: lat 27.684236 long 53.27516 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Tang-e Khowr-e Khalili , کوه تنگ خور خلیلی , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Tang-e Khowr-e Khalili , Kuh-e Tireh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3794113 coordinate: lat 33.492772 long 47.934608 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Tira , Kuh-e Tireh , کوه تیرا , کوه تیره , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Tireh , Kuh-e Zard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: 10042822 coordinate: lat 32.0905 long 48.9474 NIMA/GNS names: Kool Zard , Kuh Zar , Kuh Zard , Kuh-e Zard , کوه زرد , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Zard , Kuh-e Zard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 13245724 coordinate: lat 32.084936 long 48.954227 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Zar , Kuh-e Zard , Kuzar , کوزر , کوه زر , کوه زرد , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Zard , Kuh-e Zoratu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3064381 coordinate: lat 27.6817 long 56.153 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Gishan , Kuh-e Zoratu , Kuh-e Zorratu , كوه ذرتو , كوه ذرتو , كوه گيشان , VARIANT names: Kuh-e Zoratu , Kuhestak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072331 coordinate: lat 26.8021 long 57.0267 NIMA/GNS names: Kuhastak , Kuhestak , Kuhistak , كهستك , كوهستک , VARIANT names: Costack , Costaque , Costek , Gostaquem/Goxtaque , Kostek , Kuhestak , Kuhistak , ※ SOURCE for Costack « COSTACK, porto de-v. Costaque, porto de. COSTAQUE, porto de-Kuhistak, em 26° 48' lat. N. e 57° 04' long. E., na costa persa do estreito de Ormuz, a sueste da ilha deste nome.» #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 274 ※ SOURCE for Costaque « COSTACK, porto de-v. Costaque, porto de. COSTAQUE, porto de-Kuhistak, em 26° 48' lat. N. e 57° 04' long. E., na costa persa do estreito de Ormuz, a sueste da ilha deste nome.» #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 274 ※ SOURCE for Costek « After this victory he sailed to Costek, whence came out to meet him Amir Aieb Xamçadin, a captain of his own, who had come from Old Harmuz with a considerable reinforcement for his expedition. Thence he sailed for Harmuz, or Gerun, and anchored off Karu, a beach of that isle,(3) on which he landed and took possession of it by force of arms. When his nephews saw that they were ruined, and could neither fight nor fly, they used influential mediators and put themselves in their uncle's hands, asking only that some convenient arrangement might be made for their living. The king agreed to this, and gave them the Isle of Barhen for a residence for themselves and their dependents. fn. 3 See note on p. 170, supra.-D. F. » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ p. 183 ※ SOURCE for Gostaquem/Goxtaque « Kūh-i Mubarak et Kuhistak desservaient la côte du Biyābān (178). fn. 178 Küh-i Mubarak, en avant de l'éminence du même nom, amer familier aux marins (Persian Gulf Pilot, éd. 1864, p. 143), à l'extrémité méridionale du Biyaban. C'est le Cohomo Barque/Comobarque de Duarte Barbosa, etc.; FG, VIII, p. 339. Kuhistak, Gostaquem/Goxtaque chez Barbosa, Kostek chez Teixeira (II, p. 3, 36), etc.; FG, VIII, p. 338. [Kūh-i Mubarak and Kuhistak served the Biyābān coast (178). fn. 178 Küh-i Mubarak, in front of the eminence of the same name, bitter familiar to sailors (Persian Gulf Pilot, ed. 1864, p. 143), at the southern end of the Biyaban. It is the Cohomo Barque/Comobarque of Duarte Barbosa, etc.; FG, VIII, p. 339. Kuhistak, Gostaquem/Goxtaque at Barbosa, Kostek at Teixeira (II, p. 3, 36), etc.; FG, VIII, p. 338.] » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 108 ※ SOURCE for Kostek « Kūh-i Mubarak et Kuhistak desservaient la côte du Biyābān (178). fn. 178 Küh-i Mubarak, en avant de l'éminence du même nom, amer familier aux marins (Persian Gulf Pilot, éd. 1864, p. 143), à l'extrémité méridionale du Biyaban. C'est le Cohomo Barque/Comobarque de Duarte Barbosa, etc.; FG, VIII, p. 339. Kuhistak, Gostaquem/Goxtaque chez Barbosa, Kostek chez Teixeira (II, p. 3, 36), etc.; FG, VIII, p. 338. [Kūh-i Mubarak and Kuhistak served the Biyābān coast (178). fn. 178 Küh-i Mubarak, in front of the eminence of the same name, bitter familiar to sailors (Persian Gulf Pilot, ed. 1864, p. 143), at the southern end of the Biyaban. It is the Cohomo Barque/Comobarque of Duarte Barbosa, etc.; FG, VIII, p. 339. Kuhistak, Gostaquem/Goxtaque at Barbosa, Kostek at Teixeira (II, p. 3, 36), etc.; FG, VIII, p. 338.] » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 108 ※ SOURCE for Kuhistak « At 10 A.M. got to Kuhistak; waited until the mules came up. They only arrived at 12-30P.M.; every mule showing by the mud on the baggage that it had been down. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 30 Kuh-i- Ginau : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3064067 coordinate: lat 27.395185 long 56.09945 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh Ginau , Kuh-e Genow , Kuh-e Genu , Kuhha-ye Genu , Kuhha-ye Ginu , Kuh-i- Ginau , كوه گنو , كوه گنو , كوهای گنو , كوهای گينو , VARIANT names: Kuh-i- Ginau , Kuh-i Shamshali caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.359057 long 52.340617 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: not confirmed VARIANT names: Kuh-i Shamshali caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i Shamshali caravanserai « Ensuite, nous pénétrons dans une gorge étroite, celle du Ab-i Tangiz, où nous ne progressons que péniblement, et, après bon nombre de montées et descentes, nous atteignons finalement la montagne surnommée Küh-i Shamshāli, couronnée par les ruines d'un caravansérail et d'une citerne délabrée. [Then we enter a narrow gorge, that of Ab-i Tangiz, where we progress only with difficulty, and, after many climbs and descents, we finally reach the mountain nicknamed Küh-i Shamshāli, crowned by the ruins of a caravanserai and a dilapidated cistern.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 170 Kuh-i Shekak (G7) : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.724822 long 52.646806 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kuh-i Shekak (G7) , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i Shekak (G7) « The Galehdar valley. It must be emphasised that only a very small portion of this large valley was investigated. No Sirafi buildings were found. The major site is the area of extensive ruins called Kuh-i Shekak (G7); a similar area is said to exist further down the valley to the east at Fa!. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 94 Kuh-i Shekak (G7) online reference link [accessed 24 Nov 2024] Kuh-i-Alburd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.493307 long 53.599776 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ajoudouchs , Kou-Albourt , Kuh-e Alborz , Kuh-i-Alburd , ※ SOURCE for Ajoudouchs « La montagne de Djarroun ou Djarran est une des plus élevées de cette chaîne d'ailleurs basse; elle s'appelle Kou-Albourt, si étrangement défigurée par Chardin en montagne d'Ajoudouchs.[The mountain of Djarroun or Djarran is one of the highest in this otherwise low range; it is called Kou-Albourt, so strangely disfigured by Chardin in the mountain of Ajoudouchs.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 524 « Le 29, je fis trois lieues au passage d'une montagne célèbre dans le pays, nommée la mon-tagne d'Ajoudouchs, et plus communément la montagne de Jarron (1), fn. 1 Les voyageurs cités dans la note précédente s'accordent par- faitement avec le nôtre, dans la description qu'ils dounent de cette montagne escarpéc; mais ils n'indiquent pas le moyen de rectifier le nom d'Ajoudouchs qu'on lit ici, et qui est visiblement altéré. (L-s.) [On the 29th, I traveled three leagues passing a mountain famous in the country, called the mountain of Ajoudouchs, and more commonly the mountain of Jarron (1), fn. 1 The travelers cited in the preceding note agree perfectly with ours, in the description they give of this steep mountain; but they do not indicate the means of rectifying the name of Ajoudouchs which we read here, and which is visibly altered. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 467 ※ SOURCE for Kou-Albourt « La montagne de Djarroun ou Djarran est une des plus élevées de cette chaîne d'ailleurs basse; elle s'appelle Kou-Albourt, si étrangement défigurée par Chardin en montagne d'Ajoudouchs.[The mountain of Djarroun or Djarran is one of the highest in this otherwise low range; it is called Kou-Albourt, so strangely disfigured by Chardin in the mountain of Ajoudouchs.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 524 ※ SOURCE for Kuh-e Alborz « Kuh-e Alborz » in {map#376 in SERIES 1501 AIR SHEET fig. NH39-16 Jahrom} ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i-Alburd « Kuh-i-Alburd » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fasa H-39X 1948} « Low hills bound the valley on all sides, Jährüm itself being at the foot of the Küh-i-Alburd, here called the Küh-i-Bafreh. Routes Nos. 27, 32, and 41 connect here. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 151 « From this point to Jahrum the valley presents very similar features to those indicated above, the isolated ridge continuing to within 8 miles of Jahrum, where it is merged into the Kuh-i-Bafra, as the north end of Kuh-i-Alburd is called. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 163 « JÄHRÜMA town and district, 90 miles South-east of Shiraz, situated in an extensive plain of the same name under the North slope of Küh-i-Alburd; » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt 1 A-K p 445 Kuh-i-Bafra : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.482918 long 53.511405 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kuh-i-Bafra , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i-Bafra « Kuh-i-Bafra » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fasa H-39X 1948} « Low hills bound the valley on all sides, Jährüm itself being at the foot of the Küh-i-Alburd, here called the Küh-i-Bafreh. Routes Nos. 27, 32, and 41 connect here. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 151 « From this point to Jahrum the valley presents very similar features to those indicated above, the isolated ridge continuing to within 8 miles of Jahrum, where it is merged into the Kuh-i-Bafra, as the north end of Kuh-i-Alburd is called. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 163 Kuh-i-Dasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072280 coordinate: lat 33.533349 long 47.609989 NIMA/GNS names: Kuhdasht , Kuh-i-Dasht , کوهدشت , VARIANT names: Kuh-i-Dasht , Kuh-i-Garrah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3064124 coordinate: lat 31.891926 long 50.384368 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Garreh , Kuh-e Gereh , Kuh-e Karreh , Kuh-e Kerreh , Kuh-i-Garrah , Kuh-i-Garreh , كوه گره , VARIANT names: Kuh-i-Garrah , Kuh-i-Karun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3195328 coordinate: lat 31.501914 long 50.275406 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Karun , Kuh-e Qarun , Kuh-i-Karun , كوه قارون , كوه كارون , VARIANT names: Kuh-i-Karun , Kuh-i-Pashmeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.885915 long 52.636287 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kuh-i-Pashmeh , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i-Pashmeh « Kuh-i-Pashmeh » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad H-39W 1948} « At about 7½ to 8 miles, after passing through scrub, the road leaves the valley now fairly level-and turns to the left towards a slope of the Maimani mountain here called Küh-i-Pashmeh. This is the shortest routs to Faüz- äbäd but entails climbing a mountain, and by reason-of-the slippery stone near the summit is very difficult and trying to horses. The better and more level route continues on straight ahead to where it meets the road from Shiraz (coming from Khwajai) behind a continuation of the spurs of hills to the right. This route is called the Reh-i-Tang-ab, or Tang-o.The ascent of the Pashmeh is very stoop for the first 3 miles, slippery rock occurring frequently, and giving no foothold. The top is reached at about 10 miles. For another mile there are tortuous undulations winding on the top of the hills, then a very difficult sharp descent over smooth rectangular stones sloping at an angle, and rendering the foothold, difficult. This state of ground continues to within 1 mile of the bottom where there is a ravine. From the base of the hill to Firäzābād thero are about 2½ miles of flat plain. Some miles to the right thedescent from Tang i Tangab route can be seen. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 481 Kuh-i-Sebze : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.916717 long 50.603401 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kuh-i-Sebze , ※ SOURCE for Kuh-i-Sebze « Reached Dopoloun, a little village of about 50 houses, at 3 p.m. The Kuh-i-Sebze stream falls into the Kohrenk or Karoun opposite the village, the former is crossed by a common country bridge, but the latter is spanned by a solid one built of brick. » #3542 Walter Baring and Captain H Wells, Report on a journey to Shuster, Dizful, Behbehan, and Shiraz, ~ p. 6 Kuh-i-Sefid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3083256 coordinate: lat 31.896918 long 50.168544 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Sefid , Kuh-i-Safid , Kuh-i-Sefid , Pas Kapar , پس کپر , کوه سفید , VARIANT names: Kuh-i-Sefid , Kuhkhird : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072394 coordinate: lat 27.087111 long 54.491651 NIMA/GNS names: Chaleh Kukherd , Kuhkhird , Kukherd , چاله كوخرد , کوخرد , VARIANT names: Cogar C. , Kokeer , Kuhkhird , Kuxert , ※ SOURCE for Cogar C. « On the morning of the 2nd we started up again early, and after three hours travel through a rocky plain I arrived at Cogar, a rather large town, and lodged in a caravanserai, or caramusers, of good construction. (7) fn. 7. Caravanserai is the common term. Canamusena is an unusual transcription. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 291 ※ SOURCE for Kokeer « July 31.-We rose from Dellaver Agaring Caravan-Sarai and lodged at Char-ber keer -short of Cokeer, ye usuall Menzill.... August 1. We rose from Charber keer, and passing by Kokeer on ye right, arrived at Bustag before Sun rising. » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 204 ※ SOURCE for Kuxert « Paſſammo una dirupata montagna la Domenica 10. ed albergammo dopo 7. ore, e venti miglia di ſtrada nel Caſale, e Karvanſerà di Kuxert - [We passed a steep mountain on Sunday 10th and stayed after 7 hours, and twenty miles of road in the Caſale, and Karvanſerà di Kuxert -] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 275 KuhPa caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.713327 long 52.435775 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: KuhPa caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for KuhPa caravanserai « Kuhpa has a noble caravansarai, with a shahnishin or upper story at one end, and a smaller group of vaulted rooms over the gateway. The whole is massively built of brickwork. I had the shahnishin to myself; the rooms were without doors, but at that time of the year no better quarters could be desired. In the afternoon I walked round the village, saw much excellent poppy, which goes to Yazd, though Isfahan is nearer; abundance of mulberry, fig, sinjad, and fruit-trees; and the first vertical waterwheel I had seen in Persia. It was about five feet in diameter. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 2 p. 19 Kuhvar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3195563 coordinate: lat 27.099722 long 53.935556 NIMA/GNS names: Kuhvar , Kuhwar , كوهوار , VARIANT names: Kuhvar , Kuhwar , ※ SOURCE for Kuhwar « Kuhwar » in {map#1317 GSGS 4340 SOUTHERN ASIA 1:2 000 000 SOUTH IRAN, War Office, London, 1945, } Kuiduna : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.910947 long 53.276895 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kuiduna , Noghuzar , ※ SOURCE for Kuiduna « At 1¾ miles Kuidunā on the W. bank of the river. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 stage distance 17½ miles actual length 22.3 miles. corrected to 2.2 miles. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Noghuzar « On the top of a detached hillock rising above the right bank of the river-bed opposite to the village of Gul-biranji and known as Noghuzār I was shown the scanty remains of rough walls marking old defences. Some worked flints, blades, or scrapers, and pieces of ribbed pottery were picked up on the slopes, suggesting early occupation. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 135 Kujan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013243 coordinate: lat 32.699092 long 51.631345 NIMA/GNS names: Kujan , Mahalleh-ye Kujan , محله کوجان , کوجان , VARIANT names: Kujan , Kujun , ※ SOURCE for Kujun « At 3 miles is the village of Kujun, containing 80 houses. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 234 Kul : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.168729 long 52.681881 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: A. this location at stage 2 of 4 stages on Muqaddasi Shiraz to Jur ( ≃ 55 kms of 110 kms) B. this location at stage 2, Bahr, of 4 stages on Istahri Shiraz to Gur ( ≃ 57.6 (adjusted x 110/115) kms of 110 kms) VARIANT names: Bahr , Kul , ※ SOURCE for Bahr « Das 10 Parasangen von Širaz entfernte Dorf Bahr lag nur einen Speerschuß weit von Kuwar (6). Die Stadt lag wahrscheinlich nicht unmittelbar am Flusse, sie empfing das Wasser durch ein in Bahr angelegtes Wasserwerk, wahrscheinlich eine Stau- vorrichtung zur Füllung seitlicher Abzweigungen, die der Senkung der Talsohle langsamer folgten (7).fn. 6 Ist. 128, 14.fn. 7 Thevenot 2, 186 erwähnt bei dem Karawanserai Paira, der nach ihm zwischen Mouzeferi und Chafer liegt, einen mit Kunst aus einem etwas jenseit und gegenüber gelegenen Flusse abgeführten Strom". [The village of Bahr, 10 parasangs from Širaz, was only a spear-shot away from Kuwar (6). The town was probably not located directly on the river, it received the water through a waterworks built in Bahr, probably a dam to fill side branches that followed the lowering of the valley floor more slowly (7). fn. 6 Ist. 128, 14.fn. 7 Thevenot 2, 186 mentions a stream that was artfully diverted from a river slightly on the other side and opposite at the caravanserai Paira, which according to him lies between Mouzeferi and Chafer.] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 81 ※ SOURCE for Kul in « Map XVII: Fars (see p. 421).From MS. Sprenger 5-Ahlwardt 6034 by kind permission of the Staatsbibliothek Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin, Orientabteilung. » #3346 Muhammad ibn Ahmad Muqaddasi, trans. Basil Anthony Collins, The Best Divisions For Knowledge Of The Region, Garnet Publishing, Reading, 2001 ~ pp. 345 and 421 « Shiraz was not formerly a district, just a city which Shiraz bin Fārs built. ... The capital has the same name. Its towns are: al-Baydhā', Fasā, al-Mass, Kül, Jūr, Kārazin, Dasht Bārin, Jamm, Jūbak, Jamakān, Kürd, Bajja, Hazār, Abak. » #3346 Muhammad ibn Ahmad Muqaddasi, trans. Basil Anthony Collins, The Best Divisions For Knowledge Of The Region, Garnet Publishing, Reading, 2001 ~ p. 346 « Kül is populous; the mosque is among the [markets of the] clothiers and the butchers and the bakers. In the other direction is a public square. The drinking water is from a stream. » #3346 Muhammad ibn Ahmad Muqaddasi, trans. Basil Anthony Collins, The Best Divisions For Knowledge Of The Region, Garnet Publishing, Reading, 2001 ~ p. 351 Kulfarah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3072417 coordinate: lat 31.872393 long 49.928617 NIMA/GNS names: Kool Farah , Kuk-e Farah , Kul-e Farah , Kuleh Farah , Kulfarah , Kul-i-Fara , کول فرح , کولفرح , کوله فرح , VARIANT names: Kulfarah , Qul-fara , ※ SOURCE for Qul-fara « I also paid a visit to the small nullah above the hamlet of Qul-fara, 5 miles to the north-east, where on both sides of a small cleft rock are seen reliefs of sacrificial scenes with hundreds of figures (Fig. 44). Besides other similar carvings there is found under an overhanging rock wall a remarkably well-preserved relief panel with representations of a secular type, unfortunately too high up to beeasily reached with the camera. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 130 Kulvand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3195578 coordinate: lat 31.35 long 54.583333 NIMA/GNS names: Kalveh , Kolvand , Kulvand , Qolveh , قلوه , كلوند , كلوه , كولوند , VARIANT names: Kalweh , Kulvand , ※ SOURCE for Kalweh « 31¼ miles reach Kalweh. Time, 11 hours. Road, good and passable to all arms, but no water on the road between Merao and Kalweh, 51 miles. (Water at Chah Mil, about 12 miles off the road).Kalweh is a small fort. It is commanded from the south, within 400 yards, range by a low chain of accessible hills.Inhabitants, 1. Water from a kanat of section 4"x3" flowing 1 mile an hour. This stream fills a pond which is used for irrigating a garden. It would have to be dammed up for 2 or 3 days to supply any force of over 1,000 men. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 24 Kumeshah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.003009 long 51.851119 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Comicha , Commeshaw , Comsce , Comushow , Kumeshah , ※ SOURCE for Comicha « Ma traite s'acheva à Comicha (1): c'est une villace qui est fort grande à la vérité, car elle a plus de trois milles de tour; mais qui ressemble jdIus à un village qu'à une ville. fn. 1Hhamd-oûllah place dans la province de Fårs « Qomichah et Qoulendjan, qui faisoient autrefois partie de l'Tràq, et qui sont situés sur les confins de cette province, et sur ceux du Färsistan.Qoùlendjan est un château de terre, et a plusieurs cantons dans sa dépendance; il fait partie du gouvernement de Qòmichali. Le climat en est à peu près le même que celui d'Isspahan; l'eau y vient par des aquedues souterrain; le sol y produit du blé, des fruits, du raisin; les habitans ressemblent à ceux d'Isspahan pour le carac-tère et le physique: ils ont toujours été adonnés à la double passion pour l'un et l'autre sexe. » Nozahat al-Qoloub, pag. 169 et 170 du nº. 127 des manuscrits persans de la Bibliothèque Impériale.P. Della Valle place Comsu (Qòmichah) à cinq ou six licues de Mayar. Fryer (Travels, pag. 25g), dit que le nom de ce bourg signilie ami du roi; mais je doute de la justesse de cette ex-plication. La Relation de Silva Figueroa (pag. 173) s'accorde avec le texte du géographe persan, touciant les canaux ou aque ducs souterrains qui contribuent à la fertilité de Qòmichah. (L-s.) [My journey ended at Comicha (1): it is a very large village, indeed, for it is more than three miles around; but it resembles more a village than a town.fn. 1 Hamd-ullah places in the province of Fars « Qomicha and Qulenjan, which were formerly part of Traq, and which are located on the borders of this province, and on those of Faristan.Qulenjan is an earthen castle, and has several cantons within its dependence; it is part of the government of Qomichali. The climate is roughly the same as that of Isfahan; water comes there through underground aqueducts; the soil produces wheat, fruit, and grapes; The inhabitants resemble those of Isfahan in character and physique: they have always been given to a dual passion for both sexes." Nozahat al-Qoloub, pp. 169 and 170 of No. 127 of the Persian manuscripts of the Imperial Library.P. Della Valle places Comsu (Qomichah) five or six miles from Mayar. Fryer (Travels, p. 25g) says that the name of this town means "friend of the king"; but I doubt the accuracy of this explanation. Silva Figueroa's Relation (p. 173) agrees with the Persian geographer's text, referring to the underground canals or aqueducts that contribute to the fertility of Qomichah. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 197-8 ※ SOURCE for Commeshaw « from Amno-baut we rode next day to Commeshaw, a Towne boafting in a thousand houſes and much Antiquitie. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 148 ※ SOURCE for Comsce « e, camminate cinque o sei altre leghe, la mattina del lunedi, col sole già alto, ci fer-mammo a riposare in un caravanserai di una villa grossa che chiamano Comscè; [and, after walking five or six more leagues, on Monday morning, with the sun already high, we stopped to rest in a caravan of a large villa which they call Comscè;] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 241 ※ SOURCE for Comushow The 13th daye we came to Comushow [Qumishah], a fine plesant towne lying on a playne environed wth rockes. Here is good store of water. This towne is the last towne of the Kinges. Here we picht, hauing traveled 6 lges. of a very good waye. « The 13th daye we came to Comushow [Qumishah], a fine plesant towne lying on a playne environed wth rockes. Here is good store of water. This towne is the last towne of the Kinges. Here we picht, hauing traveled 6 lges. of a very good waye. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 74 ※ SOURCE for Kumeshah « Leaving Mayar, the road crosses a wide, barren plain, surrounded by hills, to a small caravansarai called Atyab Shah, where water is brought in kanats. From here to camp there is a sprink- ling of villages. The last 2 miles are over rough ground, and two bridged nalas are passed. Kumeshah is a considerable walled town with good water from kanats. Several small caravansarais and a telegraph station, situated a quarter of a mile from a precipitous range of hills to the left of the valley. Supplies of all kinds procurable. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 187 « At Kumeshah, the last stage but one before reaching Isfahan, I happened on a hospitable inspector of telegraphs, who entertained me royally, and gave me news again of the outside world. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 276 Kumzar : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787764 coordinate: lat 26.337161 long 56.410341 NIMA/GNS names: Kumzar , كمزار , VARIANT names: Camafu , Camsaar , Camuça , Camuzar , Coomza , Komzara , Kumzar , ※ SOURCE for Camafu « All this was done with the loss of only 6 Portuguese and 12 Lascarins slain, and a few more wounded. After this bellicose fury was finished, the General sailed along the coast, and doubling Cape Mossandam he arrived at Camufa, where he was well received by the inhabitants of the City, since all its townsmen had formerly served as sailors in our Armadas of rowing-vessels at Ormuz, and they were a people who had never been unfaithful to us. Here the galliots were provided with refreshments. » #230 Boxer, C. R., Commentaries of Ruy Freyre de Andrada, The Broadway Travellers, George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1930 ~ p. 189 ※ SOURCE for Camsaar From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « Camsaar is a place situated in valley close to the mountains, where about 40 to 50 small houses have been built of rocks to which clay is added. These are all inhabited by fishermen. There is also a water well here, but it is not a very big one and it is far to fetch. The bay is fit for small vessels, but not for other crafts, for there are very strong currents here. Because of the mountains it is often calm here, so that it is very difficult to get in or get out / of the bay. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 300 « Camsaar » in {map#391 Map of part of the Persian Gulf from Mascate to Pt. Doggeby, Isaac de Graaff, 1666, Nationaal Archief, The Hague, 4. VEL 222} « Camsaar » in ARA, VOC vol. 1259, pp. 3369 ※ SOURCE for Camuça « - CAMUSA/KUMZAR – tal como a anterior, pequena povoação numa das profundas reentrâncias que constituem a península (melhor seria denominar a zona como “quase ilha”) de Musandã. Referida, p. ex., nos “Comentários” de Rui Freire Andrade, p. 247 ou João de Barros, II Década, p. 163. » [- CAMUSA/KUMZAR – like the previous one, a small village in one of the deep recesses that make up the peninsula (it would be better to call the area “almost an island”) of Musandã. Referenced, p. e.g., in the “Commentaries” by Rui Freire Andrade, p. 247 or João de Barros, II Década, p. 163.] #2613 João Mário Palla Lizardo, Vestígios da Expansão Portuguesa na Costa Oriental da Arábia – A Documentação Histórica Face aos Vestígios Arqueológicos - Dissertação de Mestrado em Arqueologia, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2013 ~ p. 25 « The Portuguese, scenting insurrection at Julfar in 1620, sailed from Hormuz and put in at Kumzar (Camuça). » #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vita-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.), new series ~ p. 28 ※ SOURCE for Camuzar « Une citation de Barros (da Asia, décade III, livre IV, chapitre IV) nous permettra de compléter la liste de ces localités : "En doublant le Cap Macendam, nous trouvons trois localités importantes : d'abord Camuzar et Gaçapa, très rapprochées 1'une de l'autre, petits villages de pêcheurs de perles, puis Julfar qui, par le nombre important de ses habitants, rapporte au roi de Hormuz un (revenu) double de celui des autres localités. Faut-il identifier Camuzar () avec Kunza, petit village proche de Ras-Macendam ? Le mot Gaçapa signifie en arabe: village, ce qui rend bien difficile l’identification de oette localité. » #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, Bruxelles, 1949 ~ p.12 ※ SOURCE for Coomza Map created in 1832. It was written in English and Arabic.#2587 Original surveys by Lieutenants John Michael Guy, George Barnes Brucks, Robert Cogan, William Eales Rogers and Stafford Bettesworth Haines, 1821-29, 'Chart of The Gulf of Persia.' IOR/X/3635/35/1-2, James Horsburgh, Hydrographer to the Honourable East India Company, 1832 ~ ※ SOURCE for Komzara « But "Komzara," a rather recognisable name, is still that of a port, "Kumzár," near Rás Musandam, whose “inhabitants are fishermen, and possess fifty or sixty boats of different sizes. They take salt-fish, shark-fins, etc., to Kishm, with which place they have much intercourse." Now Laft, although it is not Kishm, is on the Isle of Kishm, and was easily accessible from Kumzár (vide Persian Gulf Pilot, s. v.). » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ p.159 fn. 4 ※ SOURCE for Kumzar HMSO, Series K6611, Sheet NG 40-6E, Edition 2-GSGS Kunar Siah caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 28.696257 long 52.423089 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kunar Siah caravanserai , Kunar Siyah carav. , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Kunar Siah caravanserai FOR Desht Shourab [Hikoichi Yajima], ※ SOURCE for Kunar Siah caravanserai « Namen Bevorzugter Name: Kunar Siah Persisch (Transliteriert) Kunar Siah Persisch Lage Breite: 28.7, Länge: 52.4 Tags caravanserai » description given at online reference link « Caravanserail de Kunar SIah.» #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ p. 168 « C5 [grid] | Kunar Siah[name] | R?L? [period] | Vanden Berghe 1984, 211-12 [reference] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, ~ directory Map 94 Persis p. 1338 « Der Weg von Firuzabad nach Bandar-e Taheri weist ei- nige Reste von Ruinen von Karawanenstationen auf, etwa Konar Siah (Abb. 16), dieauf Grund der Vergleichbarkeit der Zusammensetzung des Mauerwerks mit sasanidischen Feuertempel-Komplexen der Umgebung - bisher als sasani-dische Bauwerke galten. Diese Datierung ist aber zu bezwei- feln und die Bauten sind doch wohl erst in frühislamische Zeit zu datieren. [The route from Firuzabad to Bandar-e Taheri shows some remains of ruins of caravan stations, such as Konar Siah (Fig. 16), which, due to the comparability of the composition of the masonry with Sasanian fire temple complexes in the area - previously called Sasanian Buildings were considered. However, this dating is doubtful and the buildings can probably only be dated to the early Islamic period.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 15-17 « Karavanserail Kunar Siah (Abb. 5; 221) (148) Lage: 25 km südwestlich von Firuzabad, 4 km südlich des sasanidischen Feuertempel-Komplexes von Kunar Siah, an der alten Karawanenstraße von Firuzabad zur Hafenstadt Bandar-e Taheri, dem antiken Siraf (149). Diese Strecke ist noch weitgehend unerforscht. Mindestens vier weitere Stationen eine südlich von Kunar Siah, eine bei Shish Kavar, eine nörd- lich Ahmad Abad und eine bei Kuh-e Shamshali - sind über- liefert, doch müssen weitere Karawanenstationen auf diesem Weg erwartet werden sowie ein Übergang über den Unter- ei- lauf des Rudkhaneh Mand. Typ: Hofkaravanserail ohne Iwane und ohne Stallungen. Langrechteckige Räume reihen sich an den Außenmauern. Abmessungen: Außenmaße 34,70 × 34,70 m, Hofabmes- sungen 20,50 × 20,50 m, Gebäudehöhe etwa 3,50 m. Baumaterial: Bruchstein. Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Stark verfallen. Inschriften: keine bekannt. Datierung: Die von L. Vanden Berghe vorgeschlagene Datierung in sasanidische Zeit ist fraglich, vielmehr muß eine Datierung in islamische, vielleicht vorsafavidische Zeit ange- nommen werden. fn. 148 L.Vanden Berghe, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (ZDMG) III, 1961, 410 ff. fn. 149 D. Whitehouse, Excavations at Siraf, Iran 10, 1972, 87. 150 [Karavanserail Kunar Siah (Fig. 5; 221) (148) Location: 25 km southwest of Firuzabad, 4 km south of the Sasanian fire temple complex of Kunar Siah, on the old caravan route from Firuzabad to the port city of Bandar-e Taheri, the ancient Siraf ( 149). This route is still largely unexplored. At least four other stations - one south of Kunar Siah, one near Shish Kavar, one north of Ahmad Abad and one near Kuh-e Shamshali - are recorded, but further caravan stations must be expected on this route as well as a crossing over the lower inlet of the Rudkhaneh Mand. Type: Hofkaravanserail without Ivane and without stables. Long rectangular rooms are lined up along the outer walls. Dimensions: external dimensions 34.70 × 34.70 m, yard dimensions 20.50 × 20.50 m, building height about 3.50 m. Building material: quarry stone. Structural features and condition: Badly dilapidated. Inscriptions: none known. Dating: The dating to the Sasanian period suggested by L. Vanden Berghe is questionable; rather, a dating to the Islamic, perhaps pre-Safavid, period must be assumed. fn. 148 L.Vanden Berghe, Journal of the German Oriental Society (ZDMG) III, 1961, 410 ff. fn. 149 D. Whitehouse, Excavations at Siraf, Iran 10, 1972, 87. 150] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 122 « さらに急勾配の道を下 って南に3kmほどのところにササン朝期のキャラバンサライ址がある。キャラバンサライの保存 状態はよく、外壁の一辺32.00mの方形、西側に入口の開口部がみられる (cf. Fig. 10)75) L. Vanden Berghe によれば、Kunar Siyah の拝火神殿と同じくササン朝期のものと思われるキャラバ [Another 3km south down a steep road is the site of a Sassanid caravanserai. The caravanserai is well preserved, with an outer wall measuring 32.00m on each side and an entrance opening on the west side (cf. Fig. 10).75) According to L. Vanden Berghe, the caravanserai is thought to date back to the Sassanid period, just like the fire temple of Kunar Siyah.] » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ p. 40 ※ SOURCE for Kunar Siyah carav. « さらに急勾配の道を下 って南に3kmほどのところにササン朝期のキャラバンサライ址がある。キャラバンサライの保存 状態はよく、外壁の一辺32.00mの方形、西側に入口の開口部がみられる (cf. Fig. 10)75) L. Vanden Berghe によれば、Kunar Siyah の拝火神殿と同じくササン朝期のものと思われるキャラバFig-10: Kunar Siyah のキャラバンサライ [Another 3km south down a steep road is the site of a Sassanid caravanserai. The caravanserai is well preserved, with a square outer wall measuring 32.00m on each side and an entrance opening on the west side (cf. Fig. 10).75) According to L. Vanden Berghe, the caravanserai is thought to be from the Sassanid period, just like the fire temple of Kunar Siyah. Fig-10: Caravanserai of Kunar Siyah] » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ p. 40 Kunar Takhteh : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071970 coordinate: lat 29.532768 long 51.396522 NIMA/GNS names: Konar Takhteh , Kunar Takhteh , کنار تخته , VARIANT names: Kanara-Takhta , Khonar-takhteh , Koonar Tukhteh , Kunar Takhteh , Kunar-takhta , ※ SOURCE for Kanara-Takhta « Nous avions vu successivement le sol s'abaisser devant nous, et les jours précédens nous avions eu plus souvent à descendre qu'à monter: nous supposions donc que nous devions être beaucoup au-dessous de la plaine de Chiraz. Nous n'en avions cependant pas fini avec les mon- tagnes, et, en partant de Kanara-Takhta , nous nous y trouvâmes en- gagés de nouveau; mais le chemin était moins aride et le terrain moins rocheux. ... Quelques pas plus loin, nous arrivions au sommet de la dernière chaîne que nous eussions à franchir; c'était aussi la moins élevée et la moins difficile. Nous vîmes, de ce point, s'ouvrir devant nous le large et profond horizon de h plaine sablonneuse de Ben- der-Bouchir. [We had seen the ground successively lower before us, and in the preceding days we had had more often to descend than to ascend: we therefore supposed that we must be much below the plain of Shiraz. However, we had not finished with the mountains, and, leaving Kanara-Takhta, we found ourselves engaged in them again; but the path was less barren and the terrain less rocky. ... A few steps further, we arrived at the top of the last chain that we had to cross; it was also the lowest and least difficult. From this point we saw the broad and deep horizon of the sandy plain of Bender-Bouchir open before us.] » #3225 Eugène Flandin, Souvenirs de Voyage en Arménie et en Perse. Chiraz et Le Golfe Persique, Revue des Deux Mondes, 1851 Vol. 12:No. 4:pp. 585-626 ~ p. 596 ※ SOURCE for Khonar-takhteh « At last, at last, the summit was reached, and we came out on a great level plain, half-way across which appeared the welcome sight of the night's caravanserai at the village of Khonar-takhteh. Dripping with per-spiration, we halted at the top to look out over the stretched-out world below us, and our little caravan came together for a few moments' rest. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 61 ※ SOURCE for Koonar Tukhteh see source « Kunar-takhta » ※ SOURCE for Kunar Takhteh « We effected, however in seven hours our march from Dálki, to the handsome and spacious Caravanserai of Kunár Takhtak (persian text), lately erected by ZA'L KHA'N (persian text), a distance of fourteen miles(8). Here at one o'clock in a room, the thermometer stood at 75; in the sun it rose to 113. A very ingenious French traveller who visited this country in 1674, declares that the excessive heat forced him and his companions to seek coolness, during a whole day, in the stream of Khisht, where hundreds of fishes approaching them at a time, numbers were taken by the hand, and furnished an abundant meal. fn. 1 (The Persian Caravansera (persian text) generally comprises four ranges of small rooms, forming a hollow square, into which the traveller enters by a gate; this when fastened at night, secures him, his horses or mules, and baggage from depredation. Some Caravanseras are built near running streams; others are supplied with water from wells or reservoirs. But the traveller must bring with him every thing else necessary for his support and comfort on the road, as the bare walls and vaulted roofs of the chambers afford him merely shelter. A more particular account of certain Caravanseras, with views, shall be given in the course of this work. » #2876 William Ouseley, Travels in Various Countries of the East, More Particularly Persia Vol. 1, Rodwell and Martin, London, 1819, ~ vol. 1 pp. 260-1 ※ SOURCE for Kunar-takhta « 19th February, Kunar-takhta, 8 farsakhs; 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. Next morning we set out for the telegraph station of Kunar-takhta,(2) nearly thirty miles north-east of Burazjun. fn. 2 That is, jujube-bed. The Kunar or jujube tree (the common ber of Hindustan) is a bush about as large as the hawthorn. It flourishes in the neighbourhood of the telegraph station to which it has given its name. 32 Six Months in Persia. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ p. 34 « Dalaka to Kunar Takhta (50) 12 miles. fn. 50 Binning (1857), p. 170: “The village of Koonar Tukhteh is a small poverty-stricken place, with a date plantation beside it. The cottageshave thatched roofs with gable ends, instead of the more common flat roof. The caravansary, which is a tolerably good one, stands atsome little distance from the village.” • Macgregor (1875), p. 264: “In the centre of the plain [of Kisht] and on the high road is the groupof hamlets called Kunar Takht, lying around a commodious and solid masonry caravanserae.” Conder (1830), vol. 12, p. 314, referrsto the “capital caravansaray of Konartukht”. » #3182 Captain John Compton Pyne, A Journal of Three Months’ Walk in Persia in 1884 by Captain John Compton Pyne: Introduction, Notes and Translation, Amsterdam University Press, 2017 ~ p. 50 Kunar Tavileh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.987974 long 53.209623 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: pro rata 31/43X9400metres from Fariyab VARIANT names: Kunar Tavileh , Kunarak : stream grp 28 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.697023 long 52.334162 VARIANT names: Kunarak , ※ SOURCE for Kunarak « Kunarak » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ Figure 10. The western part of Siraf with Kunarak water course at the centre, Site J in the right foreground and Site 0 on the far right. p. 19 Kunar-e Siah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071954 coordinate: lat 26.664 long 55.43 NIMA/GNS names: Konar Seyah , Konar Siah , Kunar-e Siah , كنار سياه , VARIANT names: Connafseer , Kunar-e Siah , Kunarsiya , ※ SOURCE for Connafseer « Connafseer » in {map#1040 Trigonometrical Survey of Clarence’s Strait, Gulf of Persia, Commr. G.B. Brucks and Lieutt. S.B. Haines. H.C. Marine, 1828, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3630/28/2, in Qatar Digital Library} sheet 2 ※ SOURCE for Kunarsiya « Between Gurán and Básidu are the following villages:- Cháhu, about 7 miles from Gurán, a small scattered village chiefly inhabited by fishermen, about half a mile from the coast, with a date grove to the N.W. of it; this place is opposite Kishkúh hill, already described, and there is a white tomb near it, which is seen from the strait. Dúlu and Tersai, two small villages, with date trees, about 3 miles from the last; the inhabitants are cultivators and fishermen. Kunársiya, a larger place, one mile from the last, and 94 from Básidu point, lies about a mile from the shore, and has a date grove north of it. Neither of these last three are seen from the strait. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 224 Kundar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3071988 coordinate: lat 35.211913 long 58.151592 NIMA/GNS names: Kondor , Kondowr , Kundar , کندر , VARIANT names: Kundar , Kung : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055125 coordinate: lat 26.597753 long 54.936944 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Gong , Bandar-e Kong , Kong , Kung , بندر گنگ , بندر کنگ , کنگ , VARIANT names: Bandar Kong , Bandar Kongo , Bandar-e Kung , Bandar-e-Cong, , Bander-Congo , Bander-e Kong , Bender , Bender-Kengo , Cong , Congo , Congo-Bunder , Congue , Kong , Koung , Kung , Kunj, Khunj , Kunk , Quongo , ※ SOURCE for Bandar Kong « Os portugueses foram bem-sucedidos na resistência que opuseram às tropas de Sultan I, nas batalhas de 1660 e 1670 muito embora os custos das campanhas fossem muito elevados de acordo com o que vários nobres referiram nos seus relató rios ao Rei. Naquele período, o fluxo dos rendimentos da alfândega de Bandar Kong para a Fazenda do Estado contribuiu para dinamizar a economia portuguesa. [The Portuguese were successful in the resistance they put up to the troops of Sultan I, in the battles of 1660 and 1670, although the costs of the campaigns were very high, according to what several nobles mentioned in their reports to the King. In that period, the flow of income from the Bandar Kong customs house to the State Treasury contributed to boosting the Portuguese economy.] » #2538 Ibrahim Yahya Zahran Al-Busaidi, Thesis:Oman e Portugal (1650-1730): política e economia, Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 2010, ~ abt. p. 144 ※ SOURCE for Bandar Kongo « Congo: Bandar Kong, porto persa junto do estreito de Ormuz, no Golfo Arábico. » #2538 Ibrahim Yahya Zahran Al-Busaidi, Thesis:Oman e Portugal (1650-1730): política e economia, Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 2010 ~ Anexo III: Glossá Rio Toponímico ※ SOURCE for Bandar-e Kung « These notably include Bandar-e Kung (aka Kunj, Khunj. Cong, Congo). a small settlement just outside Lengeh. which had recenlly been reduced to half its formcr size at the time Lorimer was writing (Lorimer 1908: 1041 ). Kung seems to have been particularly susceptible to fluctuations in population: nearly a hundred years earlier i( was described by Captain Brucks as "now in ruins, but ... formerly a flouri shing place" (Hughes Thomas 1985: 601 ); Slot (1993: 23) attributes its decline to a series of Omani raids in the late 17th/early l8th century , and says it was completely ruined by 1756. » #2817 Robert Carter, The History and Prehistory of Pearling in the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 2005 vol. 48:no. 2:pp. 139-209 ~ p. 179 ※ SOURCE for Bandar-e-Cong, « know that in those days the for-tress of Hormuz, as well as the fortresses Larak and Bandar-e-Cong, on thePersian side of the strait, were controlled by the Portuguese. » #3224 Margherita Farina, Giovanni Battista Raimondi's Travel in the Middle East: A Case of Sixteenth-Century Portuguese-Italian Interference, Oriente Moderno, NUOVA SERIE, ~ p. 55 ※ SOURCE for Bander-Congo « In queſto Caſale venero all'incõtro del P.Franceſco, Giuſeppe Pereira d'Azevedo Soprantendente dell' Azienda Reale del Re di Portogallo; il Fatto- re, e lo Scrivano della medefima, com molti loro fervidori a cavallo. In com- pagnia di coſtoro giugnemmo dopo ſette miglia in Bander-Congo, e deſinammo unitamente tutti nel Convento de' Padri A goſtiniani, dove alloggiammo. [In this Caſale they met Father Francesco, Giuſeppe Pereira d'Azevedo Superintendent of the Royal Company of the King of Portugal; the Factor, and the Scribe of the same company, with many of their fervors on horseback. In the company of them we arrived after seven miles in Bander-Congo, and we all gathered together in the Convent of the Goſtinian Fathers, where we lodged.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 278 ※ SOURCE for Bander-e Kong « On the 18th the Oliviera came close to us with a west wind, and the lead ship anchored at the 22nd hour in the port. It saluted the fort with three shots and was answered by an equal number. ... we turned toward the sea to await the Oliviera, which was still far away. Together with her, we dropped anchor in port [at Bander-e Kong] at sunset. ... On the morning of the 19th [of May, 1674] I debarked with all my things after having taken leave of that captain and thanked him as was proper. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ pp. 286-7 ※ SOURCE for Bender « The nineteenth day, wee lodged at Bender. The twentieth, wee departed from Bender, » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 458 ※ SOURCE for Bender-Kengo «Bender-Kengo (1) f. n. 1 Résidence d'un cheykh nommé Alfan, dépendant du khan de Lâr, ainsi que celui de Bender-Nakhilou. [fn. 1 Residence of a sheikh named Alfan, dependent on the khan of Lar, as well as that of Bender-Nakhilou.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Cong « CONGO-BUNDER, CONG, n.p. Kung bandar; a port formerly of some consequence and trade, on the north shore of the Persian Gulf, about 100 m. west of Gombroon. The Portuguese had a factory here for a good many years after their expulsion from Ormus, and under treaty with Persia, made in 1625, had a right of pearl-fishing at Bahrein and a claim to half of the customs of Cong. » #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A. C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996, ~ p. 246 ※ SOURCE for Congo « Congo: Bandar Kong, porto persa junto do estreito de Ormuz, no Golfo Arábico. » #2538 Ibrahim Yahya Zahran Al-Busaidi, Thesis:Oman e Portugal (1650-1730): política e economia, Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 2010 ~ Anexo III: Glossá Rio Toponímico « Das igrejas de Congo, Soar, Curiate e Dobba. Na dependencia do convento de Aspão, no porto do Congo, aonde o Estado da India tinha huma feitoria, tinha- mos huma igreja com o titulo de N. Senhora da Assum- pção, cujo parroco era subdito do convento de Aspão, e sustentado a custa da real Fazenda para administrar os sacramentos ao feitor, officiaes, e mais servidores da dita feitoria, e mais moradores do porto. » [From the churches of Congo, Soar, Curiate and Dobba. In the dependency of the convent of Aspão, in the port of Congo, where the Estado da India had a trading post, we had a church with the title of N. Senhora da Assumpção, whose parish priest was a subject of the convent of Aspão, and supported the at the expense of the royal Treasury to administer the sacraments to the factor, officials, and other servants of the said factory, and more residents of the port.] #2857 ed. Silva Rego, A. da, Documentação para a História das Missões do Padroado Português do Oriente – Índia, Agência Geral das Ultramar, Lisboa, 1955 ~ vol. 11 p. 209 « At Congo, Joseph Pereira d'Azevedo was superintendent of the royal Portuguese agency; they lodged at the convent of the Augustins. The Portuguese received an annual tribute of five horses and 1100 tománs (about £500), by a convention made after the Persians had taken Ormus, because the Portuguese troubled with their vessels the navigation of the whole gulf, which lessened the customs (of Persia); and, besides, they had the great tion privilege of having a house, hoisting their flag, and jurisdiction over all Christians landing. » #570 Stiffe, A. W., Former Trading Centres of the Persian Gulf. V. Kung, The Geographical Journal, London, 1899 (Mar.), 13:3:294-7 ~ p. 296 ※ SOURCE for Congo-Bunder « CONGO-BUNDER, CONG, n.p. Kung bandar; a port formerly of some consequence and trade, on the north shore of the Persian Gulf, about 100 m. west of Gombroon. The Portuguese had a factory here for a good many years after their expulsion from Ormus, and under treaty with Persia, made in 1625, had a right of pearl-fishing at Bahrein and a claim to half of the customs of Cong. » #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A. C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996, ~ p. 246 ※ SOURCE for Congue « 1653.—“Congue est vne petite ville fort agreable sur le sein Persique à trois journées du Bandar Abbassi tirant à l’Ouest dominée par le Schah … les Portugais y ont vn Feitour. » #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A. C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996 ~ p. 246 ※ SOURCE for Kong « Os navios omanitas que faziam comércio com os portugueses oucom os portos que a eles pertencessem deveriam levar mapas doporto de Kong sob pena de virem a ser apreendidos. [Omani ships that traded with the Portuguese orwith the ports that belonged to them should carry maps of the port of Kong under penalty of being seized.] » #2538 Ibrahim Yahya Zahran Al-Busaidi, Thesis:Oman e Portugal (1650-1730): política e economia, Repositório da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, 2010, ~ abt. p. 164 « Kong, en effet, jusqu'alors hâvre obscur, fut élevé par l'accord luso-persan au rang de ces ports de com- merce internationaux et «internationalisés» de l'Océan Indien dont le statut juridique mériterait une étude comparative (3).fn. 3 Cf. déjà diverses notations dans C. H. ALEXANDROWICZ, An Introduction to the history of the Law of Nations in the East Indies (16th, 17th and 18th centuries), Oxford 1967. Pour l'époque antérieure à la présence européenne, l'essai très contestable de ANTHONY LEEDS, The port-of-trade in pre-European India as an ecological and evolutionmary type, dans VIOLA E, GARFIELD éd., Proceedings of the 1961 Annual Spring Meeting of the American Ethnological Society, Seattle 1961, p. 26-48. [ Kong, in fact, until then an obscure haven, was elevated by the Luso-Persian agreement to the rank of these international and “internationalized” trading ports of the Indian Ocean whose legal status deserves a comparative study (3) fn. 3 Cf. already various notations in C. H. ALEXANDROWICZ, An Introduction to the history of the Law of Nations in the East Indies (16th, 17th and 18th centuries), Oxford 1967. For the period prior to the European presence, the very questionable essay by ANTHONY LEEDS, The port-of-trade in pre-European India as an ecological and evolutionmary type, in VIOLA E, GARFIELD ed., Proceedings of the 1961 Annual Spring Meeting of the American Ethnological Society, Seattle 1961, p . 26-48. ] » #3250 Aubin, Jean, L’ Ambassade de Gregório Pereira Fidalgo à la Cour de Châh Soltân-Hosseyn 1696-169, Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa, 1971 ~ p. 11 Cultural Landscape of Kong Historic Port online reference link [accessed 28 Mar 2024] ※ SOURCE for Koung « Koung » in {map#1255 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / dressée par P. Lapie... ; gravée par Blondeau..., , 1810, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE C-10435} « Koung » in {map#1253 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / Dressée par P. Lapie, ... pour les Voyages de Chardin ; Gravée par Blondeau, ..., , 1810, } ※ SOURCE for Kung « The Persians also seized Khor Fakkan from the Portuguese in 1622, but their success was short-lived. In 1623 Ruy Freire de Andrade ejected the Persians from Khor Fakkan though he was himself shortly afterwards displaced by an Arab force under the first imam of the Ya'ruba dynasty in Oman, Nasir ibn Murshid. In 1631 the Portuguese built a fort at Julfar, having apparently regained this port with a view to mounting an attack on Hormuz from it. The Portuguese also had minor forts at Kalba and Dibbah. » #6 Hawley, Donald, The Trucial States, Allen and Unwin, London, 1970 ~ p. 75 « The next major scare was in June 1669 when, after an Omani attack on the Portuguese at Kung, their fleet arrived at Gombroon in search of Portuguese refugees. Being assured there were none there they set sail again, but the Shah, expecting an attack on Kung, ordered the island fortresses and garrisons to be put into a state of readiness. (2) The threat was removed by a Portuguese victory in a naval battle off Kung and the subsequent blockading tactics which led to de Mollo's truce at Suhar in 1672 (sec p. 128 above). There was a lull of twenty years before the next outrage in the Gulf. In the middle of January, 1695, five Omani ships carrying 1,500 men took advantage of the absence of the Portuguese fleet to attack Kung. A (richly laden Armenian ship at anchor was captured and the town plundered. The value of the booty taken was some 60,000 tomans (£200,000 at that time), (1) Shortly afterwards the Omani attack on Mangalore took place, and with these two raids, in the space of two or three months, the Imam Sayf had stirred up violent hostility in the Persians, Portuguese, French and English. fn.1. O.C.2560, Letter Isfahan to Company 28 August 1656. fn. 2. F.R.Surat, CV, p.118, Letter Gembroon to Surat 10 Apr 1669. » #2816 Bathurst, Raymond Denis, The Ya’rubi dynasty of Oman, (unpublished thesis), University of Oxford, 1967 ~ pp. 193-4 ※ SOURCE for Kunj, Khunj « These notably include Bandar-e Kung (aka Kunj, Khunj. Cong, Congo). a small settlement just outside Lengeh. which had recenlly been reduced to half its formcr size at the time Lorimer was writing (Lorimer 1908: 1041 ). Kung seems to have been particularly susceptible to fluctuations in population: nearly a hundred years earlier i( was described by Captain Brucks as "now in ruins, but ... formerly a flouri shing place" (Hughes Thomas 1985: 601 ); Slot (1993: 23) attributes its decline to a series of Omani raids in the late 17th/early l8th century , and says it was completely ruined by 1756. » #2817 Robert Carter, The History and Prehistory of Pearling in the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 2005 vol. 48:no. 2:pp. 139-209 ~ p. 179 « Omani- Portuguese conflict continued at sea, with constant sea battles. In 1719, a Portuguese fleet took on the Omani fleet off Kunj. The Omanis lost five hundred men and were forced back into Julfar to wait for reinforcements from Mascat (Bathurst 1967; 212). » #2813 William Lancaster, Fidelity Lancaster, Honour is in Contentment Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighbouring Regions, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 2011 ~ p. 477 ※ SOURCE for Kunk « Kunk » in {map#1035 Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A) Tab: XIX p. 340} « . Here are the ports which belong to these Arabs and which make me known: [arabic] Kunk, [arabic] Lundsje, [arabic] and Rás Hati » #2874 Carsten Niebuhr, Description de l'Arabie faite sur des observations propres et des avis recueillis dans les lieux mêmes, S. J. Baalde, Amsterdam, 1774 ~ p. 272 ※ SOURCE for Quongo « (12) Je serais tenté d ' i dentifier Quongo avec Khargun, dans le territoire de Minab. » #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, Bruxelles, 1949 ~ p. 13 fn. 12 Kung Portuguese fort : place IRN (portuguese) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.587411 long 54.93638 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kung Portuguese fort , Kur Kahriz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072513 coordinate: lat 34.716956 long 48.77304 NIMA/GNS names: Gur-e Kahriz , Kur Kahriz , Kur-e Kahriz , Kur-e Kariz , Kurkariz , کور کهریز , VARIANT names: Kur Kahriz , Kurkehriz , ※ SOURCE for Kurkehriz « At 7 miles is the village of Kürkehriz. ½ mile left. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 241 Kur Rud : stream grp 25 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.901971 long 52.730121 VARIANT names: Kur Rud , ※ SOURCE for Kur Rud « Kur Rud » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collectiofig. Shiraz-444-C} « Kur R » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicagfig. Shiraz_H-39Q_1948} Kurageh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.375137 long 48.349089 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: extrapolated from map below VARIANT names: Kurageh , ※ SOURCE for Kurageh « Kurageh » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} « KURAGEH 16. General direction N. by E. descending steep-ly to Taiyil stream 8 miles and again to the Shūrāb stream (which is sweet) thence over spurs of Küh-i-Bavi, to Kurageh in the Khurramābād plain. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 156 Kuran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.732249 long 52.655736 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Koran , Kuran , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Kuran ? AT Kuran (le Strange) lat 27.927386 long 52.780605 [Le Strange], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Kuran ? AT Kuran (Cornu) lat 27.783998 long 52.844816 [Cornu], ※ SOURCE for Koran «The town of Korān is located in the north eastern heights above Sirāf between the Fāl and Zālemi mountain ranges. The mountain range to the north of Sirāf was also known as Jebāl Jam until the fifth century AH (11th century CE) . (Maps 2 and 3) The Korān region sits at a height of 900 meters above sea level and has a different climate from the port of Sirāf. ... It should be mentioned that the graveyard of Islamic Korān is today in a farm field between the present town of Galedar and the village of Asir (Map 2). Among the proliferation of stone inscriptions scattered over this extensive farm, two pieces were found that date to the ninth century AH (fifteenth century CE). ... There, at place called “Tomb-e Bot,” unique finds were made. A Parthian-Sasanian palace and temple were found that completely confirm evidence and documents attesting to the existence of “Korān” in the pre-Islamic era (Map 2). The ancient site of Tomb-e Bot is in the northerly most part of the Galedār Plain and is located running alongside the Islamic period graveyard of Korān. » #3398 Mohammad Bagher Vosoughi, New Finds from a Parthian-Sasanian City near the Persian Gulf: “Korān”, Sasanika Archaeology, 2012 ~ pp. 1,3 and 4. ※ SOURCE for Kuran [coordinates based on overlay of {map#1167 in #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a` l'e´poque classique : IXe-Xe sie`cles : re´pertoires des toponymes, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985 ~ fig. Map VI. Provinces du Faris et du Kirman Desert non Arabe (Al-Mafaza)}. PBR] « Kuran VI C5 Localisation hypothéque, Cité de la carconscription d'Ardašir Hurra I 103, 136, 141, Η 267, 288, Hur 44, F 201, Muq 52, 422, 447, 454, Yaq IV, 247 121, Schw 76, 78, 201 »#2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 53 « To the westward of Sif 'Umarah along the sea-shore was the Zuhayr coast, of which Kuran, inland, was the chief town, Siraf, and Naband being its famous harbours; and the region went as far as Najiram beyond the mouth of the Sakkân river. Inland of this was the Irahistan district. According to Istakhri, Kurân produced an edible clay, green in colour, that tasted like beet- root. Mustawfi counts Kuran as of Îrahistan, and says its lands only produced dates. Due south of it was the district and town of Mimand, not far from the port of Naband, » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 258 « The cross-road from Darabjird, given by Mukaddasi, goes by Juwaym of Abu Ahmad to Faryab or Båråb, a stage on Mustawfi's route, and then to Kuran, on the Färs Namah route, whence it led direct to Siråf (1). fn. 1 Ist. 128, 129. Muk. 454 455. F. N. 86 a, b. Mst. 200, also v. supra, p. 257, note 1. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 296 « Sif Al Abi Zuhair ohne Kanzelmoschee (10). Zur Lage bemerkt Istahri: „Das Gebiet der Familie des Abū Zuhair erstreckt sich von der Grenze von Negirem bis zur Grenze der Banü 'Umara, der Sitz der Familie des Abū Zuhair ist Kurān". Dieses führt Istahri noch als selbständigen Gan mit gleichnamiger Hauptstadt an (11). Nach Mukaddasi lag die Stadt auf dem Wege von Darābegird (12) nach Siraf,eine Tagereise vor Siraf (1); nach einer bei Jaküt erhaltenen Angabe betrug die Entfernung genauer zehn Parasangen (2). Jakūt nennt es eine kleine Ortschaft (3), sein Gewährsmann hatte es als Dorf bezeichnet. Im volkswirtschaftlichen Teile erwähnt Istahri den Ort nochmals: „In der Gegend vonKurān gibt es einen eßbaren (4) grünen Ton von der Farbe (der Blätter) des Mangold (5); in keinem anderen Lande findet sich, soviel ich weiß, etwas gleiches" (6)(7). - Über die Herren des Gebietes sagt Istahri: „Die Familie des Abu Zuhair al-Medini, nach der der Sif Bani Zuhair benannt ist, stammt von Sama ibn Lu'aij (8); sie sind die Fürsten jenes Strandes, haben eine unangreifbare Stellung und verfügen über viel Mannschaft (9).fn. 10 Ist. 105, 7.fn. 11 1st. 106, 1 (ebenso Hord. 44, 5; Fak. 201, 14; Hauk. 183, 2; Muk. 422, 6).fn. 12 Aus dieser Bestimmung scheint die Angabe bei Jäküt geflossen zu sein, daß Kurān zu den Bezirken von Däräbegird gehöre (4, 247, 22).fn. 1 Muk. 454, 7.fn. 2 Jak. 4, 247, 23.fn. 3 Ebenda Z. 21.fn. 4 Über das Essen von Erdarten bei den Persern, vgl. Polak. 5) Ibn Haukal fügt hinzu: jedoch noch leuchtender".fn. 6 Ist. 152, 6 (Hauk. 213, 2).fn. 7 In der Beschreibung der persischen Küste von Bender Abbasi bis Risahr erwähnt Ritter 8, 773 neben braunen und gelbem Sand, auch grünen Ton.fn. 8 Sie galten demnach für Kuraišiten.fn. 9 Ist. 141, 7. - Der oben S. 54 erwähnte Abū sāra gehörte zu dieser [Sif Al Abi Zuhair without Pulpit Mosque (10). Regarding the location, Istahri notes: "The area of ??the family of Abū Zuhair extends from the border of Negirem to the border of the Banü 'Umara, the seat of the family of Abū Zuhair is Kurān." Istahri still lists this as an independent Gan with a capital of the same name (11). According to Mukaddasi, the city lay on the way from Darābegird (12) to Siraf, a day's journey before Siraf (1); according to a statement received from Jaküt, the distance was exactly ten parasangs (2). Jakūt calls it a small town (3), his informant had described it as a village. In the economic section, Istahri mentions the place again: "In the region of Kurān there is an edible (4) green clay of the color (of the leaves) of chard (5); as far as I know, there is nothing similar in any other country" (6)(7). - Regarding the lords of the area, Istahri says: “The family of Abu Zuhair al-Medini, after whom the Sif Bani Zuhair is named, comes from Sama ibn Lu'aij (8); they are the princes of that coast, have an unassailable position and have many men (9).fn. 10 Ist. 105, 7.fn. 11 1st. 106, 1 (also Hord. 44, 5; Fak. 201, 14; Hauk. 183, 2; Muk. 422, 6).fn. 12 From this determination the statement in Jäküt seems to have flowed that Kurān belongs to the districts of Däräbegird (4, 247, 22).fn. 1 Muk. 454, 7.fn. 2 Jak. 4, 247, 23.fn. 3 Ibid. line 21.fn. 4 On the eating of earth species among the Persians, cf. Polak. 5) Ibn Haukal adds: "but even more luminous".fn. 6 Ist. 152, 6 (Hauk. 213, 2).fn. 7 In the description of the Persian coast from Bender Abbasi to Risahr, Ritter 8, 773 mentions green clay in addition to brown and yellow sand.fn. 8 They were therefore considered to be Qurayshites.fn. 9 Ist. 141, 7. - Abū sāra mentioned above on p. 54 belonged to this] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ pp. 76-77 « Auf die schon beschriebenen Gaue Kuran (12), Sirāf (13) und Dešt Barín (14) folgt in Istahri's Aufzählung Dešted-Destekan, Hauptort Sufara (15). Der Bezirk erscheint auch in den Angaben Istahri's über den Fluß Sadekan 16), der in der12) Vgl. oben S. 76.13) Oben 8. 59.14) Oben S. 68.15) Ist. 106, 3.16) Vgl. oben S. 6. [The already described districts of Kuran (12), Sirāf (13) and Dešt Barín (14) are followed in Istahri's list by Dešted-Destekan, the main town of Sufara (15). The district also appears in Istahri's information about the river Sadekan 16), which in the12) See above p. 76.13) Above 8. 59.14) Above p. 68.15) Ist. 106, 3.16) See above p. 6.] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 78 « Darābegird-Siraf.Darābegird 1 Tag Hasū (4) 1 Tag Kerib 1 Tag Guwaim Abi Ahmed (5) 1 Tag Kārijān (6) 1 Tag Bārāb 1 Tag Kurān (7) 1 Tag Sirāf (8). Die Gegend zwischen Kusu und Juwun ist wenig be- kannt, Wilson gibt einen Weg über Shah Ahmdor, das doppelt so weit von Juwun als von Kusu entfernt liegt. Die russische Karte hat Gerift, das vielleicht mit Kerib (Gerib) zu verbinden ist. Für Kārijān könnte Wilsons Hariam sö. von Juwun in Frage kommen, doch liegt es Juwun sehr nahe; Kurān könnte in Gillahdur gesucht werden, die Lage von Bārāb (9) muß völlig unentschieden bleiben.fn. 4 Vgl. oben (II) S. 105.fn. 5 Ebenda S. 102.fn. 6 Ebenda S. 91.fn. 7 Ebenda S. 76.fn. 8 Muk. 454, 5.fn. 9 Etymologisch: "Feld, das bei künstlicher Bewässerung bestellt werden kann". [Darābegird-Siraf.Darābegird 1 day Hasū (4) 1 day Kerib 1 day Guwaim Abi Ahmed (5) 1 day Kārijān (6) 1 day Bārāb 1 day Kurān (7) 1 day Sirāf (8). The area between Kusu and Juwun is little known, Wilson gives a route via Shah Ahmdor, which is twice as far from Juwun as from Kusu. The Russian map has Gerift, which can perhaps be connected with Kerib (Gerib). For Kārijān, Wilson's Hariam southeast of Juwun could be considered, but it is very close to Juwun; Kurān could be sought in Gillahdur, the location of Bārāb (9) must remain completely undecided.fn. 4 See above (II) p. 105.fn. 5 Ibid. p. 102.fn. 6 Ibid. p. 91.fn. 7 Ibid. p. 76.fn. 8 Muk. 454, 5.fn. 9 Etymologically: "field that can be cultivated with artificial irrigation".] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 201 « Kuran and Irühistan.(3) -Both the Irahistan District and Kuran lie in the desert country, and Kuran is counted as of Siraf. Its climate is so extremely torrid that only men who are native-born can stay here by reason of this excessive heat during the sunmer. There are no running streams nor underground channels. Their corn-lands lack irrigation entirely, and no fruit is grown here excepting only dates. Further, in their plantations the date-palms do not stand on the level ground, for by reason of the lack of water, and that these may not perish from the drought, they dig in the soil a great trench, as deep down as the date-palm is high, and the palm-trees are planted in the bottom of this trench, so that only their very tops appear above the ground-level. Then during the winter these trenches are filled by the rains with water, [which sinks in]. and so all the year round the palins get moisture. The dates fn. 3 Neither Kuran nor the Irähistan District is to be found on the present map. Kuran, however, is given in the Itineraries as situated 8 leagues from Laghir and four days march from Sträf. » #3077 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum Asiatic Society Monographs XIV, Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1912 ~ p. 48 « the eighth stage is of 8 leagues to Laghir, the ninth stage is 8 leagues to Kuran, the tenth stage is of four days' march from Kuran to Siraf, this being of 30 leagues. » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ p. 886 Kuran (Cornu) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.783998 long 52.844816 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kuran (Cornu) , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Kuran (Cornu) FOR Kuran ? [Cornu], ※ SOURCE for Kuran (Cornu) [coordinates based on overlay of {map#1167 in #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a` l'e´poque classique : IXe-Xe sie`cles : re´pertoires des toponymes, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985 ~ fig. Map VI. Provinces du Faris et du Kirman Desert non Arabe (Al-Mafaza)}. PBR] « Kuran VI C5 Localisation hypothéque, Cité de la carconscription d'Ardašir Hurra I 103, 136, 141, Η 267, 288, Hur 44, F 201, Muq 52, 422, 447, 454, Yaq IV, 247 121, Schw 76, 78, 201 »#2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 53 Kuran (le Strange) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.927386 long 52.780605 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kuran (le Strange) , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Kuran (le Strange) FOR Kuran ? [Le Strange], ※ SOURCE for Kuran (le Strange) « Kuran and Irühistan.(3) -Both the Irahistan District and Kuran lie in the desert country, and Kuran is counted as of Siraf. Its climate is so extremely torrid that only men who are native-born can stay here by reason of this excessive heat during the sunmer. There are no running streams nor underground channels. Their corn-lands lack irrigation entirely, and no fruit is grown here excepting only dates. Further, in their plantations the date-palms do not stand on the level ground, for by reason of the lack of water, and that these may not perish from the drought, they dig in the soil a great trench, as deep down as the date-palm is high, and the palm-trees are planted in the bottom of this trench, so that only their very tops appear above the ground-level. Then during the winter these trenches are filled by the rains with water, [which sinks in]. and so all the year round the palins get moisture. The dates fn. 3 Neither Kuran nor the Irähistan District is to be found on the present map. Kuran, however, is given in the Itineraries as situated 8 leagues from Laghir and four days march from Sträf. » #3077 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum Asiatic Society Monographs XIV, Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1912 ~ p. 48 « Kuran (le Strange) » in {map#1138 in #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905 ~ fig. Map VI Provinces of Fars and Kirman} Kurdeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072500 coordinate: lat 28.0464 long 52.5118 NIMA/GNS names: Kurdeh , کورده , VARIANT names: Korda , Kourdeh , Kurdah , Kurdeh , ※ SOURCE for Korda « Korda » in {map#1206 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, parts of Persia (Karman and Fars), Surveyor General of India, 1909, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 1909} ※ SOURCE for Kourdeh « A 8 heures nous sommes prêts à partir. De Dar ol-Mizan à Dezgah (prononcé Dozgah) il y a deux chemins, l'un suivant la vallée, l'autre, qui serait plus court. par Kourdeh. [At 8 a.m. we are ready to leave. From Dar ol-Mizan to Dezgah (pronounced Dozgah) there are two paths, one following the valley, the other, which would be shorter. through Kourdeh,] »#3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 122 ※ SOURCE for Kurdah « Kurdah » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} ※ SOURCE for Kurdeh « At 14 miles emerge on to the open valley of Kürdeh stretching W.-N.-W. to Duzdgah and E.-S.-E. to Garmusht. Kürdeh is reached at 15 miles, 40 huts, 6,000 date palms. Tracks diverge to Pas Rūdak (1 stage), Hangām via Cham Buzi, 3 stages, and Garmusht 1 stage. Water. Good from wells. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 163 Kurdeh : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072499 coordinate: lat 27.7816 long 54.4232 NIMA/GNS names: Kurdeh , Kurdeh-e Lar , Kur-deh-Lar , کورده , VARIANT names: K. Kurdeh (Kur Deh) , Kourdeh , Kurdeh , ※ SOURCE for K. Kurdeh (Kur Deh) « Karavanserail Kurdeh (Kur Deh) (Abb. 5) 159Lage: 9 km südlich Dehkuyeh, 13 km nordöstlich von Posht-e Sangar, an der Straße von Djahrom nach Lar.Das Karavanserail - aus Quadern und Bruchsteinen er- richtet - ist vollständig zerstört. [Karavanserail Kurdeh (Kur Deh) (Fig. 5) 159Location: 9 km south of Dehkuyeh, 13 km northeast of Posht-e Sangar, on the Djahrom-Lar road.The caravanserail - built from blocks and rubble stones - is completely destroyed. ] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p.128 ※ SOURCE for Kourdeh « Un farsang environ après Kourdeh, est une montagne que nous traversâmes assez facilement, la route étant peu escarpée. Nous descendîmes ensuite environ pendant deux farsangs, avant d'arriver à Lar. Il y a sur la route une grande quantité de citernes, mais toutes en mauvais état, [About one farsang after Kourdeh, is a mountain that we crossed quite easily, the road being not very steep. We then descended for about two farsangs, before arriving at Lar. There are a large number of tanks on the road, but all in poor condition,] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 528 ※ SOURCE for Kurdeh « E dopo di aver camminato due altre ore, e di aver fatto in tutto tre leghe di viaggio, mi fermai a riposare vicino alla villa Kurdeh presso ad una delle gran cisterne [And after having walked two more hours, and having traveled three leagues in all, I stopped to rest near the Kurdeh villa near one of the large cisterns] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 383 Kurdistan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072067 coordinate: lat 30.669263 long 50.205426 NIMA/GNS names: Kordestan , Kordestan-e `Olya , Kordestan-e Kuchak , Kordestan-e Kuchek , Kurdistan , کردستان علیا , کردستان کوچک , VARIANT names: Kurdistan , ※ SOURCE for Kurdistan « The journey from Behbehan into the hills northward was meant to acquaint me with ancient remains about which I had learned partly from De Bode's account of his travel in those hills in 1841 and partly from local information. But apart from reports of 'ancient towns' I was drawn there also by the chance of gaining some acquaintance with the hills of the Kohgalu tribes which the maps showed as unsurveyed. After starting on December 27th from Kurdistan, a fairly large village, we crossed a wellcultivated area irrigated from the stream of the Tashan valley for some 7 miles before reaching the ruin known as the Chahar-taq of Kai Kaiis. The name of that Kayanian king of the epic legend is borne also by a village about a mile to the south of the site marked by low mounds covered with stone debris and mortar. The only structure still standing is a ruined hall, measuring about 40 feet inside and approximately orientated. The surviving walls on the north and east have an open arch in the centre, 8 feet wide and nearly semicircular, and rise to an approximate height of 35 feet. Pointed squinches in the corners, formed with narrow slabs set on edge, once carried a dome now completely fallen. The walls, 8 feet thick, are built with rough stones set in hard mortar. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 87 Kuri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 11793396 coordinate: lat 27.840523 long 52.30705 NIMA/GNS names: Kuri , کوری , VARIANT names: Kuri , ※ SOURCE for Kuri « Kuri » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 6 : Firuzabad (Jur) - Siraf (3)} Kuru : arch. site IRN NIMA/GNS names: Kuru , کورو , VARIANT names: Kuru , NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.8166667 long 56.00713889 VARIANT names: Kush , ※ SOURCE for Kush Kush. A Sasanian and Islamic tell in Ras al-Khaimah(UAE). The Site. Kush (25° 49' 22", 56° 00' 25.7") is situated just inside the Gulf, approximately seventy kilometres south of the Straits of Hormuz. To the east, west and south the site is surrounded by the fertile and relatively well-watered Shimal plain, an alluvial deposit densely planted with date-palm groves and covered with small rural settlements. Close by to the east rise the mountains of the Musandam Peninsula, the proximity of which give the plain a high water-table. The site now lies about two and a half kilometres Southeast of the modern coast but was originally close to the edge of a lagoon which has now silted up to become a sebkha flat. The location once gave access to both agricultural and marine resources as well as trade routes, a combination which is unique on the western coast of the Oman Peninsula and which has made the Shimal area a focal point of settlement since at least the 3rd millennium B.C. The site consists of a tell measuring 120 metres north-south by 100 metres east-west. This is small by comparison with other areas of the Near East such as Iraq, Iran and the Levant where mud-brick architecture is the norm but, in the Oman Peninsula, where date-palm-frond building is the preferred type of architecture, tells do not form quickly and are quite rare. It is not a simple tell but appears to be an irregularly-shaped conglomeration of three or four separate mounds, suggesting a complicated development. The central part of the site stands 6.5 metres above the level of the surrounding plain and there appear to be at least a further 1.5 metres of archaeological stratigraphy below ground level. The site has been slightly damaged to the east and south where a cemetery wall has been constructed. Otherwise, apart from the effects of erosion, it is in good condition and does not seem to have been greatly disturbed. Kusha : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072558 coordinate: lat 26.8586 long 56.0067 NIMA/GNS names: Gusheh , Kooh Shah , Kusha , Kushah , Kusheh , كوشا , كوشاه , كوشه , VARIANT names: Kusha , Kusheh , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Kusha FOR Bruht [Aubin, Curzon], ※ SOURCE for Kusheh « Kusheh كوشه [name] In the centre os the island, about 30 miles srom Qishm Town and 3 miles north-west os Jijūn. [position] 60 houses os Arabs, Sunnis. [houses and inhabitants] Dates, barler and a little wheat are cultivated and Lungis and Chadars woven. Date palms number 800, and there are 12 donkeys, 20 cattle and 50 sheep and goats. Water is srom wells and a reservoir: supplies are scanty. There is shrine os Shaikh- al-Barkeh بركه or Barkh برخ [remarks] » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer os the Persian Guls, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1553 Kushk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10069525 coordinate: lat 28.7251 long 53.8051 NIMA/GNS names: Kushk , کوشک , VARIANT names: Kushk , Kusht , ※ SOURCE for Kushk « es. We proceeded from Nasirabadt and crossed low hills extending into the plain from the west, and entered the district of Jehrúm. At the 4th mile we passed the village fort Kushkh, » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 663 ※ SOURCE for Kusht « At 11 miles the road passes the large village of Khusht, and there are several other villages in sight with a good deal of cultivation. The whole of the Persepolis plain is watered by kanate, and both it and the road are heavy with mod after rain. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 191 Kushk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072633 coordinate: lat 29.8889 long 52.8453 NIMA/GNS names: Kushk , Kushk Marvdasht , Kushk-e Marv Dasht , کوشک مرو دشت , VARIANT names: Kushk , Kushk Sar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072645 coordinate: lat 28.6836 long 52.984 NIMA/GNS names: Kushk Sar , Kushk-e Sar , کوشک سار , VARIANT names: Kushk Sar , Simkan (Kushk-Sar) , ※ SOURCE for Simkan (Kushk-Sar) « Simkan (Kushk-Sar) » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 12 : Maymand} Kushk-e Mowla : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072635 coordinate: lat 29.5772 long 52.8973 NIMA/GNS names: Kushk-e Mowla , Kushk-i-Maula , کوشک مولا , VARIANT names: Kushk-e Mowla , Kushk-e-Mullah , ※ SOURCE for Kushk-e-Mullah « At the 1st mile we reach low hills, and passed the village Kushk-e-Mullah a little to our right; crossed hills and immediately descended into a narrow plain, of no great extent, running E. and W. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 78 Kushk-e Nakhud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLA2 UFI: -3379662 coordinate: lat 31.62519 long 65.055108 NIMA/GNS names: Kishk-e Nakhud , Kishkinakhud , Kishkinakhud , Kuchki-Nalud , Kushk-e Nakhud , کشک نخود , VARIANT names: Cashecunna , Cushecunam , Cuſchkina or Jekatu , Khoosk-i-Nakood , Khushk-i-Nakhud , Kushk-e Nakhud , ※ SOURCE for Cashecunna « The 25th in eight c. to Cashecunna, a small castle in which the Mogul has a garrison, being the utmost boundary of his dominions westwards, and confining with Persia. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 213 ※ SOURCE for Cushecunam « Travelling on under these discomforts we reached Cushecunam (5) in five days, the place being the last outpost of the Grand Mogol in those parts. The fort stands on a stony, arid plain, surrounded by rugged mountains, whose passes serve as portals to those who trade in that region. This fort has as its normal garrison one company of a hundred horsemen, under a Captain, and some small guns in poor order. fn. 5 Cushecinam appears on most early maps as the stage before Griche and is mentioned by several travellers. It is always shown east of Calabiche, and there is little doubt that Manrique has here gone astray, owing to the loss of his notes. It is perhaps the present Khush-ki-nakhud. He then crosses a river which must be the Helmand. » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ vol. 2 pp. 341-2 « This city, moreover, is one of the most important keys to the Empire, as being the gate to the Kingdoms of Kandahar and Calabiche, (64) which are on the borders of the Ferra and Maxeter countriesfn. 64. Fr. Hosten has kindly supplied the following note: "Manrique tells us somthing more definite about the position of the City of Calabiche at P. 400. He reached it seven days after his departure from Kandahar; there they joined the main body of their caravan, but the Carruan Baxi or Captain of the Carvan, had been forced by the Nabab of the Province to place his camels at his disposal, to help in repairing the fortifications of the town, because the Khan of Ferra was marching against Kandahar with 12,000 Georgian horsemen and some troops of Persian and Khurasani infantry. The position of Killa-Bist on the Helmund seems to answer the purpose. Here they crossed the river 'Sabao, an affluent of the Indo which passes through the Kingdom of Bhakkar.' Five days later, they were at Cushecunam, the last fortress of the Moghul, in an arid, stony plain, a place not to be identified with Bernouilli's Cusheconnah, near and W. of Kandahar. On the eve of Palm-Sunday (1642) they had arrived at the first fortress of Persia, Gazichan, and on the day after Easter, the city of Ferra was reached. Cf. pp. 445-447." » #3488 ed. Ganda Singh, The Panjab Past and Present - Volume 02 Part 2 Serial No. 4, Publication Bureau Punjabi University, Patiala, 1968 ~ p. 258 ※ SOURCE for Cuſchkina or Jekatu « Den 20. traten wir auff Indianischen Boden/und blieben über Nacht in einem Orte/welcher über 20. schwarze Hit Hütten nicht hatte. Etliche hiessen ihn Cuſchkina, ttliche Jekatu. Man sagte zu mir/die Einwohner wåren Usbe-gen/und niemanden/als dem Schach Selim, [On the 20th, we entered Indian soil and stayed overnight in a place that had no more than 20 black huts. Some called it Cushkina, some called it Yekatu. They told me the inhabitants were Uzbeks and belonged to no one but Shah Selim.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ pp. 69-70 ※ SOURCE for Khoosk-i-Nakood « We remounted when they had left, and stopped again, after two hours' riding, near a caravanserai of mud built by the English, named Khoosk-i-Nakood ; close to which we found one or two inhabited houses, with gardens, supplied with water from a kariz. Vast ruins surround this place ; the most remarkable is an immense artificial mound, anciently crowned by a fortress said to have been destroyed by Nadir Shah. This had undoubtedly been the citadel of the town, of which there are traces all round, but of which nothing habitable remains except an Imaumzadeh, where a dervish lives in charge of the tomb. » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 316 ※ SOURCE for Khushk-i-Nakhud « 4. Khushk-i-Nakhud (15 miles 6 furlongs — 41 miles 6 furlongs). — Abundant supply of good water from two artificial watercourses. Grass scarce, and little cultivation. A hard level road. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 331 Kushk-e Sar Tang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072646 coordinate: lat 28.7508 long 52.8506 NIMA/GNS names: Amir Salar-e Sar Tang , Kushk , Kushk-e Sar Tang , Kushk-i-Sartang , کوشک سر تنگ , VARIANT names: Kushk-e Sar Tang , Kushk-e Zard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3195604 coordinate: lat 30.820191 long 52.347586 NIMA/GNS names: Kushk Zad , Kushk Zar , Kushk-e Zar , Kushk-e Zard , Kushk-e Zard , Kushk-i-Zard , Qasr-e Zar , کوشک زر , کوشک زرد , VARIANT names: Cuskezar , Cuzcuzar , Keuch Kezar , Khushk-i-Zard , Kusckiker al. Cuscuzar , Kushk-e Zard , ※ SOURCE for Cuskezar « The 18th daye we came to Cuskezar [Khushk-i-Zard], a poor litle towne lying on a very large playne but very barren. In the on end of this towne vpon a litl hillok ther is a castle, wch maye be seene 5l1ges. off. Here we picht, hauing traveled 7 1ges. of very fayre waye, and lodged in a muskeet [mosque], wch we call a church. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Cuzcuzar « Next night we lay in Whomgesh; next in Cuzcuzar [Khūshk-i-Zard); next we came to Bazeba-chow, and next to Degardow [Dih-i-girdū]: eight leagues from which place (and near Yezdycawz) we rode over a mountain of black marble (where doubtless are quarries of serpentine and porphyry, if the earth were examined). » #3211 ed Foster, William, Thomas Herbert, Travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ p. 118 ※ SOURCE for Keuch Kezar « Le 8, je fis sept licues, et comme c'étoit par de belles plaines, où le chemin est fort uni, ma traite fut bien plus courte et moins rude que le jour précédent. Après quatre lieues de marche, je passai sur un petit pont de pierre une rivière étroite, mais profonde en tous temps, nommée Polichiokou (2), et après avoir fait les trois autres lieues, j'arrivai à Keuch Kezar, qui est un village gros de deux cents maisons, environné d'eaux de tous côtés. Keuch Kezar (3) veut dire pavil-fn. 2 Politcheknem; c'est le nom d'un pont de pierre, célébre auprès de Chyraz. (L-s.)fn.3 Lisez kiochh-zer, pavillon d'or. Environ à une lieue de sett Bourgade. P. della Valle (tom. IV, pag. 304) place un beau pont sur une rivière à laquelle il donne le nom de ce même bourg; Thêvenot le place à 7 grands åghåtch du precedent, et s'accorde avec Chardin pour y avoir trouvé des Circassiens transportés de leur pays natal par cihah Abbas Ier, vers 1604, qui vouloit par cette mesure reparer la population de quelques cantons de la Perse, et sur-tout affamer les armées turkes. (L-s.) [On the 8th, I made seven journeys, and as it was across beautiful plains, where the road is very smooth, my trek was much shorter and less arduous than the previous day. After four leagues of walking, I crossed a narrow but always deep river, named Polichiokou (2), on a small stone bridge. After traveling the other three leagues, I arrived at Keuch Kezar, which is a village with two hundred houses, surrounded by water on all sides. Keuch Kezar (3) means pavilion-fn. 2 Policheknem; it is the name of a stone bridge, famous near Chyraz. (L-s.)fn. 3 Read kiochh-zer, golden pavilion. About a league from this village. P. della Valle (volume IV, page 304) places a beautiful bridge over a river to which he gives the name of this same town; Thêvenot places it 7 large åghåtch from the previous one, and agrees with Chardin in having found Circassians transported there from their native country by cihah Abbas I, around 1604, who wanted by this measure to repair the population of some cantons of Persia, and above all to starve the Turkish armies. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 221 ※ SOURCE for Khushk-i-Zard « Khushk-i-Zard » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 Shiraz 1936} ※ SOURCE for Kusckiker al. Cuscuzar « A notte, dopo aver cenato, partimmo di là; e camminate due leghe, il venerdi matina poco innanzi l'alba arrivammo a riposarci nella villa Kusekizer, nella quale, oltre degli abitatori paesani, vi sono anche molte caso di Giorgiani e di Circassi, fattevi da questo re modernamente d'altronde, e di lontano trasmigrare. Circa una lega prima di arrivare alla villa, si passò per ponte di buona fabbrica un piccolo fiume, che io non so che abbia altro nome che il fiume di Kusekizer. [At night, after supper, we left there; and having walked two leagues, on Friday morning shortly before dawn we arrived to rest at the Kusekizer villa, in which, besides the inhabitants of the village, there are also many Georgians and Circassians, brought there by this king in modern times from elsewhere, and from far away. About a league before arriving at the villa, we crossed a small river by a well-made bridge, which I do not know of any other name than the river of Kusekizer.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 242 ※ SOURCE for Kushk-e Zard « The marshland ends. The hills on the W. recede for a short distance. The road rises slightly to within half a mile of Kushk-i-Zard, which is reached at 21 miles. The ruins of a spacious caravanserai give the place a somewhat imposing appearance. Attached to this is a walled and castellated mud village said to contain about 120 houses, of which only half, according to native report, are now inhabited, recent rains having wrought havoc in the village. The inhabitants are of Iliat origin. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 371 Kushk-i-Nasrat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072639 coordinate: lat 35.1096 long 50.8965 NIMA/GNS names: Kushk-e Nasrat , Kushk-e Nosrat , Kushk-i-Nasrat , Kushk-i-Nusrat , Mazra`eh-ye Kushk-e Nasrat , Noshke-e-Nasrat , كوشك نصرت , مزرعه کوشک نصرت , VARIANT names: Khushk , Kushk-i-Nasrat , ※ SOURCE for Khushk « I wake the driver ; but he is soon asleep again, and so we roll on through the night till at last ''home"—and we draw up by the post-house of Khushk. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 298 Kushku : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069990 coordinate: lat 30.528946 long 55.645803 NIMA/GNS names: Kashku'iyeh , Koshku'iyeh , Kushku , Qushk , کشکوئيه , VARIANT names: Kushku , Kut Gapu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3072676 coordinate: lat 32.316667 long 48.116667 NIMA/GNS names: Kut Gapu , Kut Gapun , Kut-e Gapu , VARIANT names: Kut Gapu , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Kut Gapu FOR Kerkha d'Ledan [PBR], Kutal-i-Zargan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3089179 coordinate: lat 29.73967338 long 52.60764551 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Ab Barik , Gardaneh-ye Ab-e Barik , Gardaneh-ye Zarqan , Kotal-e Zarqun , Kutal-i-Zargan , Kutal-i-Zarqan , گردنه آب باریک , VARIANT names: Kutal-i-Zargan , NIMA/GNS feature: PRVU independent coordinate: lat 23.6 long 69.6 VARIANT names: Kutch , ※ SOURCE for Kutch location/feature selected by pbr Kyariz Shorab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CNLSB UFI: 6198091 coordinate: lat 33.906556 long 62.007357 NIMA/GNS names: Karez-e Shor Ab , Karez-i-Sor Ab , Kyariz Shorab , کار?ز شور آب , VARIANT names: Kyariz Shorab , Shorak , ※ SOURCE for Shorak « 31. Shorak (10 miles 4 furlongs-357 miles).-Water scarce except in the spring, when it is abundant; forage and grass plentiful; the road skirts the Shah Bed range. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335 L2 Sirik : arch. site IRN UTM: 5706, 2631 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5166666666667 long 57.1 VARIANT names: L2 Sirik , ※ SOURCE for L2 Sirik « Other variants: none Details: See L2. No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 L3 T. Guru : arch. site IRN UTM: 5705, 2635 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5833333333333 long 57.0833333333333 VARIANT names: L3 T. Guru , ※ SOURCE for L3 T. Guru « Other variants: Gru, Goruk Details: The location of Guru is given by Adamec (1988: 167). An equivalent version of the place name, Gru, is described as a small village with a painted white fort (C and S: 144) and further version of the place name, Goruk, is marked (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 L4 Jask : arch. site IRN UTM: 5746, 2539 converted to coordinate: lat 25.65 long 57.7666666666667 VARIANT names: L4 Jask , ※ SOURCE for L4 Jask « Other variants: none Details: The location of Jask is given by Adamec (1988: 199). The Site Card for L4 is marked with the caption ‘kilns on the road to Jask’. No. of sherds: 6 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 L5 Loran : arch. site IRN UTM: 5748, 2539 converted to coordinate: lat 25.65 long 57.8 VARIANT names: L5 Loran , ※ SOURCE for L5 Loran « Other variants: Luran Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Luran, is listed and the location of this is given (Adamec, 1988: 275). No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 L7 Jask : arch. site IRN UTM: 5746, 2539 converted to coordinate: lat 25.65 long 57.7666666666667 VARIANT names: L7 Jask , ※ SOURCE for L7 Jask « Other variants: none Details: See L4. The Site Card for L7 is marked with the caption ‘site on the road to Old Jask'. No. of sherds: 6 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 L8 Jask : arch. site IRN UTM: 5746, 2539 converted to coordinate: lat 25.65 long 57.7666666666667 VARIANT names: L8 Jask , ※ SOURCE for L8 Jask « Other variants: none Details: See L4. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 25.942051 long 56.424192 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Laços , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Laços AT Limah lat 25.942051 long 56.424192 [Miles], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Laços AT Kalbah lat 25.07462 long 56.355447 [Lagoa Visconde De], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Laços AT Khasab lat 26.179926 long 56.247736 [William Lancaster, Fidelity Lancaster], ※ SOURCE for Laços currently UNKNOWN location see additional notes though Miles says Limah in #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p155 refers to De Barros (original see #810vol2p454) and lists the places with revenues. LAÇOS, lugar de-Localidade da região árabe de Omão ou Oman, que não conseguimos identificar com precisão mas que demora, sabemos, no litoral do Ruus-al-Jabal, to sul do cabo Musandan. [João de Barros-Da Asia]. [LAÇOS, place of-Locality in the Arab region of Oman or Oman, which we have not been able to identify with precision but which, we know, takes a while on the coast of Ruus-al-Jabal, south of Cape Musandan. [João de Barros-Da Asia].] #2603 Lagoa Visconde De, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, Lisboa, 1950 ~ vol. D-N, p.174 « Its biggest contributor was the guazilado of Qalhat: Qalhat itself paid 11,000; Masqat, 4,000; Suhar, 1,500; Khor Fakkan, 1,500; Dibba, 500; and Lacos? [?al-Khasab], 700; these places had a large trade in horses. » #2813 William Lancaster, Fidelity Lancaster, Honour is in Contentment Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighbouring Regions, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 2011 ~ p. 388 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.938561 long 55.729358 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Inderabia Point , Laft Point , ※ SOURCE for Inderabia Point « From Kishm Town the coast stretches about N.W. 2 miles, then West and W. by S. in an irregular line to Inderabia Point, 26 miles to the westward, where it turns round abruptly to the S.S.E. toward the formerly piratical port of Luft, in !at. 260 54' N., Ion. 550 50' E., which lies on the bank of a deep inlet formed bl swampy low islands, that fill the bay of Luft to the West and S.W.. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1852 ~ ed. 6 vol. 1 p. 408 ※ SOURCE for Laft Point « From Laft point the coast of Kishm island turns S.E. by S. for 6 miles, and then resumes an average west-south-west direction to Basidu point; the whole width of the strait is much increased to the westward of this point, but blocked up with mud and sand-banks and mangrove swamps. From Laft point there are two channels used by ships, as far as Guran village, where they unite again. Laft is a town with about 200 men, 3 miles S.E. of Laft point. It is built at the foot of a hill sloping up from the beach, 200 feet high, … Hindarábi , which has a little ruin on it, and lies one mile South of Laft point, » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 222-3 Laft-e Kohneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072728 coordinate: lat 26.9483 long 55.7595 NIMA/GNS names: Laf Kohneh , Laft Kohneh , Laft-e Kohneh , لاف كهنه , لافت كهنه , لفت كهنه , VARIANT names: Laft-e Kohneh , Laghar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10391241 coordinate: lat 28.202915 long 53.139388 NIMA/GNS names: Laghar , لاغر , VARIANT names: Laghar , Laghir , Laurghur , ※ SOURCE for Laghar « Crossing the Kîr plain, the Qara Agach runs southwards through a break in the Kuh-i- Jaala, which form the southern boundary of the plain, and past the following villages:- Nimdeh farsakh from the bridge, Abgarm (hot springs) 1 farsakh from Nimdeh, Kirda 1½ farsakh, Maku 1, Laghar farsakh, Takhta 1 farsakh, Qala Shahzari 1 farsakh, Bakir 5 farsakhs: all, except Maku and Kirda, on the left bank. The whole route from Kîr to Lar is in a south-easterly direction. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 2 p. 233 ※ SOURCE for Laghir « the fifth stage is 8 leagues to Simkan, the sixth stage is 7 leagues to Habrak [or Hirak], the seventh stage is 5 leagues to Kārzin, the eighth stage is of 8 leagues to Laghir, the ninth stage is 8 leagues to Kuran, » #3077 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum Asiatic Society Monographs XIV, Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1912 ~ p. 82 « The most important of these towns were Qir, Karzin, Abzar, and Laghir. It would appear that Karzin was an important Sasanian town and that it continued as a small town producing large harvests of dates, which were exported to Iraq, according to Istakhri (154, 10). This, with the other towns mentioned, was strongly fortified, but declined in the twelfth century as Laghir grew to dominate the region. » #3094 Donald Whitcomb, Trade and Tradition In Medieval Southern Iran - Thesis, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 1979 ~ p. 64 The stages on the road down from Laghir to Huzû are given by Mustawfi (p. 200), but as no modern traveller has followed this route the names are not to be found on the map, and are most uncertain; ※ SOURCE for Laurghur « Laurghur 5 farsakhs. On river. Large village. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 128 Laghar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 10423534 coordinate: lat 27.6165 long 54.243 NIMA/GNS names: Laghar , لاغر , VARIANT names: Laghar , Lahbari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PLN UFI: -3072739 coordinate: lat 31.9627 long 49.1337 NIMA/GNS names: Lahabari , Lahbari , لهبری , VARIANT names: Lahbari , Lamard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072848 coordinate: lat 27.334 long 53.179 NIMA/GNS names: Lamard , Lamerd , لامرد , VARIANT names: Lamard , Landay Karez : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3382596 coordinate: lat 32.5252778 long 62.9697222 NIMA/GNS names: Landay Karez , Landay Kariz , VARIANT names: Lajward Karez , Landay Karez , ※ SOURCE for Landay Karez « 16. Lajward Karez (15 miles-205 miles 2 furlongs).-Water from the 'karez' good and abundant. The road pursues a northerly direction for about 2 miles, and then turns to the westward and follows a mountain valley from three-quarters of a mile to 2 miles wide, bounded by lofty and rugged peaks on either side. At 5 miles from Tut-i-Kasarman, the summit of the pass, a height of 1200 feet is gained. The path then descends to the foot of the slope, where water is found in the bed of a stream completely over-grown by long grass, bushes and reeds; here the valley widens out from 3 to 4 miles, and the road continues tolerably level till a "karez" is reached. The road over the pass is much broken. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 333 Lar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072906 coordinate: lat 27.683362 long 54.34172 NIMA/GNS names: Lar , Larestan , Shahr-e Qadim-e Lar , شهر قدیم لار , لار , VARIANT names: Laar , Laer , Lar , Lara , Larr , Lhaar , Lhor , ※ SOURCE for Laar « et après m'être remis enchemin, et avoir passé bien des caravanserais,de petites citernes, des canaux d'eau souterrains,quantité de masures et de ruines d'édifices, cnapprochant de la ville de Laar, j'y entrai sur lesonze heures du matin, [and after getting back on my way, and having passed many caravans, small cisterns, underground water channels, a number of hovels and ruins of buildings, approaching the town of Laar, I entered it on eleven o'clock in the morning,] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 479 « Le 27, j'arrivai à Laar, au point du jour, car on ne me portoit que de nuit, à cause de la chaleur; [On the 27th, I arrived at Laar, at daybreak, because they only took me at night, because of the heat;] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 9 p. 80 ※ SOURCE for Laer « Le chemin delà juſques à Laer eft rempli de maifons de campagnede jardins. Nous traverfämes cette villeallåmes loger de l'autre côté, après une traite de 4. lieuës [The path beyond to Laer is filled with country houses and gardens. We crossed this town and went to stay on the other side, after a journey of 4 leagues] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 316 « 15 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 385 « Laer (Lar) for each carga half a mahmudi for rahdāri, in the case of silk one mahmūdi. If nothing has been paid in Küristan tolls have to be paid here. » #3297 John Emerson, Rahdars and Their Tolls in Safavid and Afsharid Iran, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 1987 vol. 30:no. 3:pp. 318-327 ~ p. 321 ※ SOURCE for Lar « The invasion of Persia by the Afghans in 1721-22 was accompanied by an incursion of Baluchis from Makran into Kirman and Lar, where they committed serious depredations. In November 1721 the Baluchi hordes attacked the town of Lar, and in particular a caravansarai occupied by twelve Dutchmen who were escorting treasure of the Dutch East India Company; but the Hollanders beat off the attack with great loss to their assailants and with none to themselves, and subsequently, having removed into the Lår fort, defended that also with success. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 1 pt. 1 p. 63 « In a detailed article published in 1979,1 Heinz Gaube made an important contribution to our knowledge of the various stages of the important trade route which connected Bandar `Abbas with Lar, and onwards with Shiraz and Isfahan. In addition, Gaube gave us detailed information on the three types of khans or caravanserais which provided the traveler with shelter and often with food and fodder supplies on this route. By comparing the description of this trade route by Wilson in 1907 with those of some seventeenth century travelers Gaube concluded that very little had changed in 300 years. He » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 251 « 23rd March, Lar, 6 farsakhs ; 6.30 a.m. to 2 p.m. The Iwaz plain is twenty miles long, and little more than a mile wide. ... Lar has a garrison of thirty artillerymen, with six guns. The guns were stowed in the verandah of the Bagh-i- Nishat, so I had opportunities of inspecting them. They are one 12-pounder, one 9-pounder, and four 6-pounders ; all bronze guns. Four were cast in Tabriz, and two in Enzeli by a Tabriz workman. ... Lar has trade with Bombay through the three ports of Linga, Bandar Abbas, and Tahiri. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 132 and 141-2 « [fol. 204r] The city of Lār, the capital of Carmania Deserta, is most ancient and is greatly esteemed by all the local Arabs. It is situated at the end of a large plain where the mountains, which run continously to this point, withdraw on both sides, and the terrain flattens out and opens up, creating an area more than three leagues wide. The mountains draw closer together again a little way past the city, creating a narrow pass or gorge through which the road leads to Shirāz. Lār is a little smaller than Hormuz, though its streets are not quite as narrow, nor are the houses as nicely built. The houses of Lār all have mud walls, plastered on the inside with that mud mixed with small bits of straw that was mentioned in the description of the fortress of Bandel. »#2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 304 « Della Valle succumbed to the same fever, sensibly decided to leave the wretched Minab and somehow, in a state of semi-consciousness, survived the long, agonizing journey to Lar, an old town on the main route from Gamrf to Shiraz and a summer retreat for the coastal towns.(47) There he remained from January to June 1622, slowly recovering, readjusting his life and finding the determination to continue his travels. fn. 47 For Lår, its earlier history, contemporary seventeenth century accounts and an excellent bibliography, see Jean Calmard, Lär, Laristan', Encyclopaedia of Islam (2nd ed.), v, 665-76; Jacqueline Calmard, Les routes de Chiraz au Golfe Persique vues par les voyageurs européens (1640-1720), Paris, 1978; J. Aubin, Références pour Lar médiévale', Journal Asiatique, CCXLIII, 1955, 491-505. » #3215 J. D. Gurney, Pietro della Valle: The Limits of Perception, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, Vol. 49:No. 1,:pp. 103-116 ~ p. 111 « Im Jahre 1960 erschütterte ein schweres Erdbeben die Altstadt von Lar und ver- nichtete oder beschädigte zahlreiche historische Bauten. Die Stadt wurde an anderer Stelle etwa sechs Kilometer südlich wieder aufgebaut, das eigentliche Zentrum bildet aber die heute wieder instandgesetzte Altstadt mit der Bezeichnung Shahr-e qadim. Das Ortsbild von Lar läßt heute nur noch teilweise den mittelalterlichen oder safavidi- schen Zustand erkennen. [In 1960, a severe earthquake shook the old town of Lar and destroyed or damaged numerous historical buildings. The city was rebuilt at another location about six kilometers south, forming the actual center but the old town, which has been restored today and is called Shahr-e qadim. The townscape of Lar today only partially shows its medieval or Safavid condition.] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p.327 « Il n'y a que deux carvanseras à Lar, l'un dans la ville qui n'est pas trop bon, et l'autre au bout de la ville, du côté d'Ormus, qui serait assez commode, n'était qu'il se remplit d'eau quand les grandes pluies viennent à tomber, et il faut attendre quelquefois des jours entiers que les eaux soient écoulées. [There are only two carvanseras in Lar, one in the town which is not too good, and the other at the end of town, on the Ormus side, which would be quite convenient, was only It fills with water when the heavy rains fall, and you sometimes have to wait for whole days for the water to drain.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ pp. 317-8 « 12 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 360 « Après l'avoir passé, nous arrivons enfin à Lâr, où nous descendons chez le gouverneur, qui nous avait fait préparer un logement dans son palais. [After passing it, we finally arrive at Lâr, where we stay at the governor's, who had prepared accommodation for us in his palace.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 433 « And from Tarum I journeyed to Lar (27), and from Lar to Bandar fn. 25 Kashan, Nain, Sirjan and Tarum, Iranian towns. fn. 26 Batman, a weight varying locally.fn. 27 Lar, a town in southern Iran. Nikitin visited it twice. » #623 Nikitin, Athanasy, Khozhenie za tri moria Afanasiia Nikitina, 1466-1472 gg. (Afansy Nikitin's Voyage beyond the Three Seas, 1466-1472), Moskva, 1960, ~ p. 109 « Retornando su la riva preditta a l'incontro de Ormuos se ritrova una terra chiamata Lar; 323) è terra grossa e bona; fa fogi .2000.; è mercadantesca e di passo, imperhochè quelli che vanno e vengono per questo colpho sempre danno di capo a questa terra. fn. 323. Lär è oggi, come ai tempi del Barbaro, la principale città dell'omonimo distretto del Fürs. Sorgeva su una delle strade carovaniere che congiungevano Shiraz con Hurmuz e in tempi più recenti con Bandar-Abbas. Il mercante e viaggiatore russo Afanasii Nikitin la visitò nel 1469, e poi di nuovo nel 1472, ma ha poco da raccontarne. Pietro della Valle soggiorno qualche tempo Lar al principio del 1622; cfr. i suoi Viaggi, ed. Torino (Brighton), 1843, III, pp. 301-326 0 332336. Per una breve descrizione della città, ed una incisione che ne mostra una parte, cfr. C. DE BRUYN, Travels into Muscovy, Persia and Part of the East-Indies, cit., II, p. 69. (Lo.) [Returning to the aforementioned shore at the meeting of Ormuos, one finds a land called Lar; 323) it is large and good land; it has 2000 leaves; it is a merchant and a transit land, because those who come and go by this river always end up at this land. fn. 323. Lär is today, as in the time of Barbaro, the principal city of the homonymous district of the Fürs. It arose on one of the caravan routes that connected Shiraz with Hurmuz and in more recent times with Bandar-Abbas. The Russian merchant and traveler Afanasii Nikitin visited it in 1469, and then again in 1472, but has little to say about it. Pietro della Valle stayed for some time in Lar at the beginning of 1622; cf. his Travels, ed. Turin (Brighton), 1843, III, pp. 301-326 0 332336. For a brief description of the city, and an engraving showing part of it, see C. DE BRUYN, Travels into Muscovy, Persia and Part of the East-Indies, cit., II, p. 69. (Lo.)] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 148 « From there we continued our march for three days through [another] desert like the former, and came to the city of Lar, a large city with many springs and perennial streams and gardens, and with fine bazaars. (133) We stayed there in the hospice of the ascetic shaikh Abū Dulaf Muhammad (134) he was the person that we had in mind to visit at Khunju Pal.fn. 133133 This is the earliest mention of a town of Lar; the contemporary Persian geographer Mustawff (138) mentions Lär only as a district near the seacoast (adding, strangely, 'Its population are Muslims'), but twice men- tions the town of Laghir, on the main road to Shiraz, twelve farsakhs north- west of Khunj (176, n. 2).fn. 134 Not identified » #357 Ibn Baṭu¯ṭah, Muh?ammad ibn ʿAbd Alla¯h, The Travels of Ibn Battuta translated with revisions and notes, from the Arabic text edited by C. Defre´mery and B. R. Sanguinetti, by H. A. R. Gibb., Hakluyt Society:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, Cambridge:New Delhi, 1958- :1993, ~ vol. 2 p. 405 ※ SOURCE for Lara « Per monti e ſaſſi dirupati cammi nammo 7. ore il Sabato 2. ed a fine di 20-miglia giugnemmo in Lara Città capitale del Regno di tal nome. [We walked for 7 hours on Saturday 2nd through mountains and steep cliffs and at the end of 20 miles we reached Lara, the capital city of the Kingdom of that name.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 272 « Nous n'entråmes donc à Lara que le lendemain matin, et y trouvámes quatre Portugais résidents, qui attendaient là avec leurs marchandises de pouvoir se rendre à Ormuz. En effet, si l'on pouvait venir d'Ormuz en Perse, la route était coupée dans l'autre sens en raison de la guerre entre le Sofi et le roi d'Ormuz. [We therefore only entered Lara the next morning, and found there four Portuguese residents, who were waiting there with their goods to be able to go to Ormuz. Indeed, if one could come from Hormuz to Persia, the road was cut in the other direction due to the war between the Sofi and the king of Hormuz.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 103 ※ SOURCE for Larr « we sett forward and came to the citie of Larr [Lar] , where we were curteously entertayned by the darago, and a howse apoynted for vs to ly in, wth our provissions according to the quanti tie of the formaund sent in for three dayes together. Here we picht, hauing traveled 5 1ges. of a resonable waye but somthing stonie. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ pp. 82-3 « [28th February]. About 4 afternoon sett out for Larr, 5 farsangs; the first two very good way till come to Picataw, a good caravensaroy lyeing at the foot of a great mountain which must clime over to goe the other three farsangs to Laar. Stoney way. note:Diary of 28 February 1707/8. Laar. Lâr. Here again where one would expect a description of the city, Scattergood passes it over without remark. See Fryer (II, 190) and Le Bruyn (II, 69), who has an illustration of "Laer." » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 43 and 49 ※ SOURCE for Lhaar « (die uyt Chiras, om met sijn wijn- caffila naer Bandhaar Gamron te verreysen twee dagen voorleden in Lhaar gecomen was [(who had arrived in Lhaar from Chiras two days before with his wine caffila to go to Bandhaar Gamron] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 45 « Deze ftad Lhaar legt op en tufſchen het gebergte, is tamelyk bebouwd, en vertoond zig door 't geboomte zeer vermakelyk. Het Kasteel legt op een berg, en is vry groot. De Wazier woond op een andren berg in cen treffelyk gebouw. Hier heeft men een uitnemende fchoone Balaar, of markt, met zeer nette gewelfzelen overdekt. Hier zyn ook veel Jooden. [This town of Lhaar lies on top of the mountains, is fairly built up, and is very attractive because of the trees. The Castle is located on a mountain, and is quite large. De Wazier lived on another mountain in a beautiful building. Here there is an excellent beautiful Balaar, or market, covered with very neat vaults. There are also many Jews here.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 265 « Den 20. dito ten 2 uuren des 's nagts uyt Lhaar vertrokken zynde: quam zyn Ed: ten 7 uuren in het dorp Dehikoe [On the 20th of the same day, having left Lhaar at 2 o'clock in the morning, his Ed arrived at the village of Dehikoe at 7 o'clock.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273 « Den 31. dito na 4 mylen dito ontrent 1 myl van Lhaar, bezoekende ondertufichen malkandren over en weder. [The 31st ditto after 4 miles ditto about 1 mile from Lhaar, meanwhile visiting each other.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Lhor « Lhor is a City of an Ancient Date, and still retains its Name, which for that it was so guarded by Nature that it could not easily be conquered, held many Ages the Majesty of a Kingdom; but now it is governed by a Puritanical Caun (for that he has visited Ma/iomefs Tomb) under the Persian Emperor » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ p. 191 Larak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3072918 coordinate: lat 26.853333 long 56.355556 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Larak , Jazireh-e Larak , Jazireh-ye Larak , Jezirat Larak , Larak , Larak Island , جزيره لارك , VARIANT names: Careca , Djasak , Djasek , Djasik , I. delareca , La-erh-k'o-shu , Lar , Lar Cojur , Laracour , Larak , Lareca , Lareka , Lareqva , Larque , ※ SOURCE for Careca « At this time there arrived 8 Dutch and 6 English ships of great flrength, together with 3 Moorish vessels of Surat in their company, and the General therefore left his flation off the island of Careca. » « Careca. See Lareca » #230 Boxer, C. R., Commentaries of Ruy Freyre de Andrada, The Broadway Travellers, George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1930 ~ pp. 200 and 328 ※ SOURCE for Djasak « DJASAK (Djasek or Djasik), an island in the Persian Gulf mentioned only by Yakut, ii, 9) and Kazwim (Kosmographie, ed. Wiistenfeld, 115) among Arab geographers. From their statements, it is probably to be identified with the island of Larak in the straits of Hormuz 35 km. SSE. of Bandar cAbbas [q.v.], and not with the large island of Kishm as was done by Le Strange (261). » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 p. 486 ※ SOURCE for Djasek « DJASAK (Djasek or Djasik), an island in the Persian Gulf mentioned only by Yakut, ii, 9) and Kazwim (Kosmographie, ed. Wiistenfeld, 115) among Arab geographers. From their statements, it is probably to be identified with the island of Larak in the straits of Hormuz 35 km. SSE. of Bandar cAbbas [q.v.], and not with the large island of Kishm as was done by Le Strange (261). » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 p. 486 ※ SOURCE for Djasik « DJASAK (Djasek or Djasik), an island in the Persian Gulf mentioned only by Yakut, ii, 9) and Kazwim (Kosmographie, ed. Wiistenfeld, 115) among Arab geographers. From their statements, it is probably to be identified with the island of Larak in the straits of Hormuz 35 km. SSE. of Bandar cAbbas [q.v.], and not with the large island of Kishm as was done by Le Strange (261). » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 p. 486 ※ SOURCE for I. delareca « Lara, I. delareca [Portuguese name] Lārak [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 100 [I believe the spelling of « Lara, I. » is a typographical error] ※ SOURCE for La-erh-k'o-shu « 298 Jazireh Larak, island, c. 26° 51' N, 56° 21' E, near the entrance to the Persian Gulf. [f. 22] » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 1 p. 201 ※ SOURCE for Lar Cojur « Barbosa's Portuguese form. | Other authorities. | Modern. 4. Laracour | Lar Cojur (Sp.). Lara (Rainel).| Lärak I.» #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol. 1 p. 81 ※ SOURCE for Laracour « Barbosa's Portuguese form. | Other authorities. | Modern. 4. Laracour | Lar Cojur (Sp.). Lara (Rainel).| Lärak I.» #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol. 1 p. 81 ※ SOURCE for Lareca « Lara, Lareca, Lareke, or Luredesh (Larack), an island in the Persian Gulf, one league from Ormuz. » #938 Danvers, F. C., The Portuguese In India: Being a History of the Rise and Decline of Their Eastern Empire, Asian Educational Services, London: New Delhi, 1894: 2003 ~ p. 532 ※ SOURCE for Lareka « Alsoo het branthout overdier en quaet te becoomen was, hebben wy met voorsz. scheepen naer Lareka vertrocken, om hout te hacken en waeter te soecken, soo in quantiteyt niet conden vinden, om van sulcken ongelden de E. Compagnie te excuseeren: alhier vertoefden van 3en January, sooveel houts versamelenden als tot den 12 becomen conden: was seer verre, moeyelijck en sober te haelen. » #2780 Rijks geschiedkundige publicatiën Grote serie · Volume 72 Bronnen tot de geschiedenis der Oostindische Compagnie in Perzie, 1611-1638., Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1930 ~ p. 459 ※ SOURCE for Lareqva « Lareqva » in #1644 Livro de Lisuarte de Abreu, Comissão Nacional para as Comemorações dos Descobrimentos Portugueses, Lisboa, 1992 ~ illustration f.83v-84, bottom right of latter folio ※ SOURCE for Larque « Larque » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 Larak Portuguese fort : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.88395 long 56.388817 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Larak Portuguese fort , Las Bela : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2756353 coordinate: lat 26.2333333 long 66.3166667 NIMA/GNS names: Armabel , Armail , Armel , Beila , Bela , Kambakia , Karabel , Las Bela , VARIANT names: Alexandria among the Oreitai , Alexandria-Rambakia , Las Bela , Ora , Ora-Rambakia , Rhambacia , ※ SOURCE for Alexandria among the Oreitai see Alexandria-Rambakia ※ SOURCE for Alexandria-Rambakia author « accepts Stein's identification of Alexandria-Rambakia as lying near or at Las Bela, at the north end of the fertile triangle, in the area known as Welpat, through which the Porali runs. » #848 Fraser, P. M., Cities of Alexander the Great, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996 pp. 164-5 ※ SOURCE for Las Bela #846 Fraser, P. M., Cities of Alexander the Great, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996 p. 164 ※ SOURCE for Ora see Alexandria-Rambakia also « Arrian's Ora (vi. 22.3), which he reagrds as the capital of Oreitai and the true site of the new Alexandria, while Rambakia 'was only a village'. » #848 Fraser, P. M., Cities of Alexander the Great, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996 p. 166 n. « Arrian (Ind. 37) adds … Ora »#840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, 2 vol., London, 1873 vol. 1, p. 521 ※ SOURCE for Ora-Rambakia see Alexandria-Rambakia also "Arrian's Ora (vi. 22.3), which he reagrds as the capital of Oreitai and the true site of the new Alexandria, while Rambakia 'was only a village'. » (#848 Fraser, P. M., Cities of Alexander the Great, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996 p. 166 n.) ※ SOURCE for Rhambacia owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Rhambacia, 66.316666, 26.233334, PK, nkn, exact, 137, tmcIRa0100_080a » Lash fort : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.709089 long 61.586349 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Lash fort , ※ SOURCE for Lash fort « The fort of Lash stands on a high per-pendicular cliff about 400 feet in height, overlooking the Farah River. The buildings, which Conolly not unnaturally thought so insecure that many would fall down the precipice in the twelve months succeeding his visit, are, I understand, those that we now find there nearly thirty-three years afterwards. The word Lash, as stated by Conolly, means a cliff in Pashtu. As for Juwain, I think it probably a contraction from "Jui nao," the new stream, a name actually belonging to our encamping ground immediately under and opposite to the fort of Lash. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 75 Lash-e Joveyn : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3382710 coordinate: lat 31.7166667 long 61.6227778 NIMA/GNS names: Jawain , Joveyn , Juwain , Lase Jowayn , Lash , Lash Jovayn , Lash-e Joveyn , Laso-joayn , VARIANT names: Lash-e Joveyn , Lashtaghan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3072971 coordinate: lat 26.9487 long 55.5542 NIMA/GNS names: Lashtaghan , Lashtaghan-e Bala , Lashteqan , Lashteqan-e Bala , Tashtakan , لشتغان بالا , VARIANT names: Lashtaghan , Lashtan Castle : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 26.625142 long 54.861168 VARIANT names: Lashtan Castle , ※ SOURCE for Lashtan Castle Persian text omitted. « The location of the Lashtan site is an offshore site five kilometers northwest of the port of Kang, N54.860000, Y26.625000. The choice of this location above a single natural formation is a function of environmental variables such as appropriate communication and distance to the sea (with the help of an inlet), sufficient height to overlook the coastline and the sea and dominate the surrounding environment, difficulty of access, and also the creation of water structures in its bedrock. » #3425 Omidi, Kazem, First Season: Archaeological excavation of Lashtan Castle in Bandar Kang, in: Amini Mosadeghi, F. and M. Mortezaei, Proceedings of the 19th Annual Symposium on Iranian Archaeology 2020-2021, , Tehran, 2023, pp. 83-92 ~ p. 83 Lasmu 7 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 905 565 converted to coordinate: lat 23.10628 long 58.8601 VARIANT names: Lasmu 7 , ※ SOURCE for Lasmu 7 « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 41 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Latidan : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069216 coordinate: lat 27.1441 long 55.7968 NIMA/GNS names: Kal Matali , Kal Matli , Latidan , كل متلی , كل متلی , لاتیدان , VARIANT names: Latidan , Latidoen , Latidun , ※ SOURCE for Latidan « Latidan » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} ※ SOURCE for Latidoen « Den 10. dito na 4½ myl, quam zyn Ed: aan de thuynen van Latidoen, en hield zyn verblyf onder tenten. [The 10th ditto after 4½ miles, he came to his home: to the villages of Latidoen, and lived under tents.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Latidun « Latidun » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Latidan Bridge (east end) : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.189933 long 55.762243 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Latidan Bridge (east end) , Latidan Bridge (west end) : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.194878 long 55.746978 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Latidan Bridge (west end) , ※ SOURCE for Latidan Bridge (west end) « To return to our road, on the north bank of the river, about half a mile from the road, will be seen two bridges, each of about 40 arches, of stone and still almost intact. The river has long ago changed its bed, and left the bridges standing useless on the bank. Like almost all other public works of utility and beauty in Persia, these bridges are the work of Shah Abbas. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 154 Latidan sarai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.181875 long 55.778979 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Caravan Ser Raw , Latidan , Latidan sarai , ※ SOURCE for Caravan Ser Raw « wherefore in the middle of the Vale we repaired to the Caravan Ser Raw almost buried in the Sand, it being the only obstacle to their rowling Billows. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 185 ※ SOURCE for Latidan « Camp at Latidān in a date grove. The village is uninhabited, except during the date picking season. Water. Good from a well. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 163 ※ SOURCE for Latidan sarai « Latidan sarai » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} « The Gishū range, 5,000 feet high, is distant six miles to the N. Date groves are passed on either side of the road. Camp at Lätidän in a date grove. The village is uninhabited, except during the date-picking season. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 29 Latifi : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073003 coordinate: lat 27.6901 long 54.3872 NIMA/GNS names: Latifi , لطیفی , VARIANT names: Charcaph , Charcapin , Charkhab , Chercoff , Latifi , S. Zacherchap , ※ SOURCE for Charcaph « [margin: 27] The next day, three hours before dawn [text blacked out] [margin: two hours after sunrise], the caravan reached Charcaph, (29) a league from Lār, where the governor of the city sent word inviting the Ambassador to come visit him, and requesting that he not enter the city until the next day at eight or nine o’clock because he wished to offer him a reception.fn. 29 Possibly present-day Chuki. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ ※ SOURCE for Charcapin «151 (km) Charcapin (De Silva Figueroa) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Charkhab « Part of the travelogues and one of the few archeological findings about the village of Charkhab (Charkhab) is the ancient name of the city of Latifi today in Larestan, which itself expresses part of the longevity and historical signs of this land. Also, based on historical findings, the foundation stone of Latifi city was laid about three hundred years ago by hardworking people, those who have roots in the culture and long past of this country. At that time, the people who lived at a distance of ten kilometers from the old city of Lar in a shrine called "Darvish Aali" and belonged to the two tribes of "Hasan Charkhabi" and "Baqer Charkhabi" and were called Charkhabi, and these people lived through agriculture. and horticulture and they made a living by means of wells, aqueducts and draining wheels. » online reference link [accessed 07 Mar 2024] ※ SOURCE for Chercoff «151 (km) Chercoff (Chardin) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Latifi « The road now passes through highly cultivated land, past date groves. At 19 miles, the village of Latifi is passed; the road here subdivides into numerous tracks, and the town can be entered at several points. For a detailed account of Lar, » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 171 « Dans une direction oblique, presque au pied des monts, à droite, paraît, au milieu d'une forêt de palmiers, le village de Latifi, d'une cinquantaine de feux seulement. [In an oblique direction, almost at the foot of the mountains, on the right, appears, in the middle of a forest of palm trees, the village of Latifi, with only about fifty lights.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 433 ※ SOURCE for S. Zacherchap «151 (km) S. Zacherchap (Thévenot) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 Lavar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073018 coordinate: lat 28.249243 long 51.272769 NIMA/GNS names: Lavar , Lavar Kabkan , Lavar-e Saheli , لاور , لاور ساحلی , لاور كبكان , VARIANT names: Lavar , Laver , ※ SOURCE for Laver « A 5 heures 10, nous atteignons de nouveau la côte et nous nous trouvons à Laver, dans la province du Dechti (15, p. 195) dont les chefs sont riches et le peuple content». (Colvill)Laver est le port de mer le plus important au sud de Bouchir qui se soit trouvé sur ma route jusqu'ici. Selon Vadala la population est de 700 cultivateurs, commerçants et marins, le nombre des voiliers s'élève jusqu'à 20 et les exportations consistent en céréales, tabacs, plâtre et bois. Il semble compter maintenant environ 300 habitants et, en plus du poste de gendarmerie et du bureau de douane maritime, il y a ici un magasin, où l'on vend des articles de première nécessité, tels que du pétrole, des allumettes, du sucre, du thé. Les maisons se trouvent au sommet de la falaise qui est ici raide et rocheuse, le sable faisant défaut à cet endroit. [At 5.10 we reached the coast again and found ourselves at Laver, in the province of Dechti (15, p. 195) whose chiefs are rich and the people contented». (Colvill)Laver is the most important seaport south of Bouchir that has been on my route so far. According to Vadala the population is 700 farmers, traders and sailors, the number of sailing ships amounts to 20 and the exports consist of cereals, tobacco, plaster and wood. It seems now to have about 300 inhabitants and, in addition to the police station and the maritime customs office, there is a store here, where they sell essential articles, such as kerosene, matches, sugar, tea. The houses are on the top of the cliff which is here steep and rocky, there being no sand at this point.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 56 Lavar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073023 coordinate: lat 28.6024 long 51.5706 NIMA/GNS names: Lavar , Lavar Ra'is Alam , Lavar Ra'is Gholam , Lavar-e Ra'is Gholam , Lavar-e Razmi , لاور رئيس غلام , VARIANT names: Lavar , ※ SOURCE for Lavar « Lavar » in {map#1172 Index Map to routes in Persia vol. IV part II., , 1922, [?308r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, f 308, in Qatar Digital Library} Lavar Deh (G15) : arch. site IRN UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 27.618644 long 52.541409 Supplement: unable to locate the location of Lavar Deh (G15) as shown in Figure 70, Sketch plans of selected sites. p. 80 in #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009. location given here is that of four rectangular cisterns viewed in google earth at 04/2004 which have subsequently disappeared from view. It is possible they lie further to east. VARIANT names: Lavar Deh (G15) , ※ SOURCE for Lavar Deh (G15) « Lavar Deh (G15) is located in a long fertile valley about 2.5 farsakhs from Galehdar on the opposite side of the mountain from Lavar Gol. There are two caravanserais and at least four cisterns, measuring 17 to 20 x 4 m, with rounded ends (Fig. 70). The larger building, 20 m2, has only one corner preserved. Evidently it consisted of a series of vaulted rooms surrounding a courtyard. The structure is made of plaster and rubble with semicircular buttresses on the corners and square buttresses along the walls. The second building, approximately half of which survives, was about 25 m2 and had the same configuration. Here the buttresses are all square in section. Both buildings are preserved to a height of about 1.5 m. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 90 Lavar Gal (G3) : arch. site IRN NIMA/GNS names: Lavar Gol , Mantaqeh-ye Lavar Gol , لاور گل , منطقه لاور گل , VARIANT names: Gabr-Khanaha , Lavar Gal (G3) , ※ SOURCE for Gabr-Khanaha « According to Stein (1937: 215), in his day the ruins of Lavar Gol were called Gabr-Khanaha. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 87 ※ SOURCE for Lavar Gal (G3) « Lavar Gol (G3) is about two and a half farsakhs from Parak, at the end of the long ridge of Sar Gachinu. This small, circumscribed valley has numerous foundations of buildings and at least five cisterns, measuring 16 x 4 m, with rounded ends. One single-room building, made of plaster and rubble, measured 8 x 5 m, with a preserved height of 1.5 m and square corner buttresses. According to Stein (1937: 215), in his day the ruins of Lavar Gol were called Gabr-Khanaha. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 87 Lavar Gol : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3766888 coordinate: lat 27.634297 long 52.535717 NIMA/GNS names: Lavar Gol , Mantaqeh-ye Lavar Gol , لاور گل , منطقه لاور گل , VARIANT names: Lavar Gol , Lavar-i-gul , ※ SOURCE for Lavar-i-gul « A stiff climb of some 400 feet up the limestone cliffs encircling the basin on the north brought us on the morning of January 22nd to the edge of a wide plateau known as Lavar-i-gul. From here a distant view was gained of the sea and coast-line far below, the last, I hoped, for a long time. T erraced fi elds, with plentiful scrub, showed that the plateau was cultivated in favourable seasons. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 215 Lavaran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073020 coordinate: lat 26.775066 long 54.393611 NIMA/GNS names: Lavaran , لاوران , VARIANT names: Lavaran , Loweru , ※ SOURCE for Loweru « Loweru » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Lavardeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RNCH UFI: 10377757 coordinate: lat 27.6166 long 52.555645 NIMA/GNS names: Lavardeh , لاورده , VARIANT names: Lavardeh , Lavar-e Khasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073021 coordinate: lat 27.144975 long 53.445312 NIMA/GNS names: Lavar Khesht , Lavar Khesht-e Shomali , Lavar-e Khasht , لاور خشت , لاور خشت شمالی , VARIANT names: Lavar-e Khasht , Lavar-e-Dashtak caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.207135 long 54.279813 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Lavar-e-Dashtak caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Lavar-e-Dashtak caravanserai « ; il caravanserraglio di Lavar-e-Dashtak, pure nella zona a settentrione di Jenah, dove sostavano le carovane delle vie commerciali degli Zagros [; the caravanserai of Lavar-e-Dashtak, also in the area north of Jenah, where the caravans of the Zagros trade routes stopped] » #3327 Angelo Ferrari Pietro Ragni, Kemeshk - Risorse idriche e territorio, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche IMC – Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche, Roma, 2016 ~ p. 61 Lavarestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073025 coordinate: lat 27.4252 long 53.4595 NIMA/GNS names: Lavarestan , Lawar-i-stun , لاورستان , VARIANT names: Lavarestan , Lay Bisheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LCTY UFI: 10069105 coordinate: lat 29.5974 long 52.9182 NIMA/GNS names: Lay Bisheh , لای بیشه , VARIANT names: Laibesheh , Lay Bisheh , ※ SOURCE for Laibesheh « The village Laibesheh is situated 1½ mile from Darien, on a bearing of 345° » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 78 Left Bank of Khash Rud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.230109 long 63.626646 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Left Bank of Khash Rud , ※ SOURCE for Left Bank of Khash Rud « 9. Doshakh (12 miles 7 furlongs-109 miles 2 furlongs). Water abundant; one or two villages and some cultivation in the vicinity; the road hard and level the whole way. At the village of Sur, 6 miles from Zerak, forage is procurable, and if Sadat were made a halting-place Sur would form another at a distance of 8 miles from it. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 332 Left Bank of the Adraskand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.636578 long 62.262999 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Left Bank of the Adraskand , ※ SOURCE for Left Bank of the Adraskand « 23. Left Bank of the Adraskand (21 miles 2 furlongs-316 miles 5 furlongs). Water from the river; forage and fuel abundant; no signs of cultivation or inhabitants near the river, nor are any villages seen between the valley of Sabzawar and that of Herat, a fatiguing and difficult march. High peaks rise to the eastward, the summits of which are judged to exceed 10,000 feet in height above the level of the sea. The table-land is 21 miles across, where there is a further slight ascent, the elevation reached being considered 1500 feet above the level of Sabzawar. The descent into the valley of the Adraskand is steep, rocky, and tortuous. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 333 NIMA/GNS feature: ISL independent coordinate: lat 26.2428181958046 long 55.1470744572126 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Fomon , Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Kuchek , Jombl , Lesser Tunb , Tomon , Tunb as Sughra , ※ SOURCE for Fomon « In approximately 1518, the Portuguese navigator Duarte Barbosa counted among the possessions of the principality of Hormuz an island called Fomon, which island, entitled in a later Spanish edition of Barbosa's work as Tomon, has been identified as Great Tonb.(34) Neither Fomon nor Tomon seems to have a meaning in Persian, Arabic, Portuguese or Spanish. There is evidence to suggest that Fomon and Tomon may have been, respectively, the corruption of the Persian term folfolmun, a wild mint, or folfol, meaning pepper and also referring to the betel nut, and tambul, meaning betel, consumed as an exhilarant in the form of pan by people in India and elsewhere.(35) fn. 34. Barbosa, Book of Duarte Barbosa, 79-82. fn. 35. See discussion below in section V.» #761 Mirfendereski, Guive, The Toponymy of the Tonb Islands, Journal of the Society for Iranian Studies, Michigan, ~ p. 303 ※ SOURCE for Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Kuchek Lesser Tunb (called Tunb as Sughra in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Kuchek in Persian by Iran) ※ SOURCE for Jombl « Jombl » in {map#997 [Carte anglaise du golfe Persique] / Made by John Thornton at the Signe of the Platt in the Minories, John Thornton, 1699, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 5 RES} see AHduGP map 87 ※ SOURCE for Lesser Tunb Lesser Tunb (called Tunb as Sughra in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Kuchek in Persian by Iran) « TONB (GREATER AND LESSER), two tiny islands of arguable strategic importance in the eastern Persian Gulf, south of the western tip of Qešm island. They are referred to as Tonb-e Bozorg (26°15' N, 55°18' E) and Tonb-e Kucak (26°14´ N, 55°08' E) in Tehran,Ṭunb Kubrā (orṬunb) andṬunb Suḡrā (NabiṬunb) in the Arab capitals. The most common name variations areṬonb and Tomb,… Previously the name was written by the British as Tomb, Tamb, Tumb. » #1189 Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.), Encyclopaedia Iranica, online edition, 2012, online reference link (accessed on 29 March 2023). ※ SOURCE for Tomon « In approximately 1518, the Portuguese navigator Duarte Barbosa counted among the possessions of the principality of Hormuz an island called Fomon, which island, entitled in a later Spanish edition of Barbosa's work as Tomon, has been identified as Great Tonb.(34) Neither Fomon nor Tomon seems to have a meaning in Persian, Arabic, Portuguese or Spanish. There is evidence to suggest that Fomon and Tomon may have been, respectively, the corruption of the Persian term folfolmun, a wild mint, or folfol, meaning pepper and also referring to the betel nut, and tambul, meaning betel, consumed as an exhilarant in the form of pan by people in India and elsewhere.(35) fn. 34. Barbosa, Book of Duarte Barbosa, 79-82. fn. 35. See discussion below in section V.» #761 Mirfendereski, Guive, The Toponymy of the Tonb Islands, Journal of the Society for Iranian Studies, Michigan, ~ p. 303 ※ SOURCE for Tunb as Sughra Lesser Tunb (called Tunb as Sughra in Arabic by UAE and Jazireh-ye Tonb-e Kuchek in Persian by Iran) Leylan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073130 coordinate: lat 33.68446 long 49.940835 NIMA/GNS names: Leylan , Leylian , Lilan , Lilian , Lirian , ليرين , ليلان , ليلن , ليليان , ليلين , VARIANT names: Leylan , lezd chast : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.085847 long 54.10248 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: lezd chast , ※ SOURCE for lezd chast « Il sabbato col sole ancor alto partimmo di là, e seguitammo la notte a camminare. La domenica un pezzo innanzi giorno essendosi fatte circa tre leghe si riposo in una gran campagna piana, che con nome simile a quel di un'altra terra fra Sciraz e Ispahan, ma da questa diversa, la ehiamano pur lezd chast, quasi Dio volle. Ed è abitata da genti che vivono non in ville murate, ma in padiglioni neri, a guisa degli Arabi, errando or qua, or là dove trovano l'erba, senza tuttavia uscir mai dal circuito di quella campagna, che avrà intorno a due leghe di diametro.[On Saturday, with the sun still high, we left there and continued walking through the night. On Sunday, some time before the day, having traveled about three leagues, we rest in a large flat countryside, which with a name similar to that of another land between Sciraz and Ispahan, but different from this one, they also call it lezd chast, as if God wanted it. And it is inhabited by people who live not in walled villas, but in black pavilions, like the Arabs, wandering now here, now there where they find grass, without however ever leaving the circuit of that countryside, which will be around two leagues in diameter.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ pt. 2 pp. 354-5 Lifarjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073123 coordinate: lat 28.4532 long 53.1407 NIMA/GNS names: Lifarjan , لیفرجان , VARIANT names: Lifarjan , ※ SOURCE for Lifarjan « The 13 mile brought us to a river, flowing north and south for a short space, about 100 yards in breadth, and in parts nearly up to the horses' girths. After fording the river, we presently came again to its right bank by a a bend it had taken, and proceeded near and parallel to it, but with a high ridge of rocks between it and us for about two miles, when we passed the remains of a fort in those rocks called Perr Aly, and the village Liferjan. Thence we skirted the hills on our right for three-fourths of a mile, which brought us to the village Pedam. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 665 Likhai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3381541 coordinate: lat 32.1830556 long 62.9941667 NIMA/GNS names: Kerteh Qal`eh , Kirta , Kirteh , Likhai , Qal`eh-i-Kirta , Qala-i-Kirta , VARIANT names: Likhai , Qala-i-Kirta (Likhad) , ※ SOURCE for Qala-i-Kirta (Likhad) « Qala-i-Kirta (Likhad) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Afghanistan:, , , David Rumsey Map Collection fig. Farah I-41 U 1942} Limah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787788 coordinate: lat 25.942051 long 56.424192 NIMA/GNS names: Al Ima , Al Limah , Lima , Lima' , Limah , ليماء , VARIANT names: Lema , Lemma , Lima , Limah , Limma , Lyma , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Limah FOR Laços [Miles], ※ SOURCE for Lema LEMA, Lugar de -- Nome dado por João de Barros a um local do antigo reino de Ormuz sito obra de dez léguas aquém do cabo Musandan, lugar que corresponde e actual Limah, em 20' 64' lat. N. e 50' 25' long. E., à entrada da baia Aqaba, a leste e junto ao morro que conserva o nome de Limah. (João do Barros-Da Asia) » [LEMA, Place of -- Name given by João de Barros to a place of the ancient kingdom of Hormuz located ten leagues below Cape Musandan, a place that corresponds to and current Limah, at 20' 64' lat. N. and 50' 25' long. E., at the entrance to bay Aqaba, to the east and next to the hill that retains the name of Limah. (João do Barros-Da Asia)] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ I Parte Ásia E Oceania, D-N, p. 187 ※ SOURCE for Lemma « - LIMA/LIMAH – povoação no cabo Musandã, qualificada como importante por João de Barros, (“II Década”, p. 337) cuja fortaleza foi destruída por Rui Freire de Andrade. Em João de Barros surge como Lenuma (III, p. 192). Garcia Figueroa (p. 178), com muita justeza, afirma a seu respeito que “… são estas montanhas as mais altas e escarpadas até ao mar de quantas se viram…”. Situação: 24º30’N/56º39’L. » [- LIMA/LIMAH – village on Cape Musandã, described as important by João de Barros, (“II Década”, p. 337) whose fortress was destroyed by Rui Freire de Andrade. In João de Barros it appears as Lenuma (III, p. 192). Garcia Figueroa (p. 178), quite rightly, states about it that “…these mountains are the highest and steepest to the sea of any seen…”. Location: 24º30'N/56º39'L.] #2613 João Mário Palla Lizardo, Vestígios da Expansão Portuguesa na Costa Oriental da Arábia – A Documentação Histórica Face aos Vestígios Arqueológicos - Dissertação de Mestrado em Arqueologia, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2013 ~ p. 25 In the above « Lenuma » is incorrectly read for Lemma. #2596 Joam De Barros, Asia De Joam De Barros, Dos Feitos Que Os Portugueses Fizeram No Descobrimento E Conquista Dos Mares E Terras Do Oriente, Quarta Edição, Conforme A Edição Princeps, Iniciada Por Antonio Baião Continuada Por Luís F. Lindley Cintra, Imprensa Nacional-Casa Da Moeda, Lisbon, 1974 ~ Decada III, Liv. VII, p. 192 Cap. V p. 192 and #1858 João de Barros e de Diogo do Couto, Da Asia, Na Regia officina typografica, Lisboa, 1777 ~ Decada III, Liv. VII, p. 192 Cap. V p. 167. ※ SOURCE for Lima « haverá oitenta e sete léguas de costa, em que jazem êstes lugares do mesmo reino: Calaiate, Curiate, Mascate, Soar, Calaja, Orfação, Doba e Lima, que fica oito léguas ante de chegar ao Cabo Muçandão »[there will be eighty-seven leagues of coast, in which these places of the same kingdom lie: Calaiate, Curiate, Muscat, Soar, Calaja, Orfação, Doba and Lima, which is eight leagues before reaching Cabo Muçandão] #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ vol. 1 p354 LIMA, lugar de-Nome dado por João de Barros a um local da costa de Omão ou Oman, que situa a oito léguas do cabo Musandam e que assim corresponde à Limah da moderna cartografia inglesa, em 25° 57' lat. N. e 56° 24' long. E. [João de Barros-Da Asia]. #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p.190 « The other ports on this coast only receive the briefest notices and then only amongst the later Arab authors-Ibn Mujawir, Yaqut and Ibn Battuta. Ibn Mujawir (p. 287) gives us a coastal itinerary which went from al-'Aqr to Kalba, to Khawr Fukkan, to Lima, each four parasangs apart and thence eight parasangs to Julfar (reading Zufar as an orthographic error for Julfar). This is the only mention of Lima in the Arabic authors, although it appears regularly on Portuguese maps, whilst Yiiqat (Vol. IV, p. 236) is alone in mentioning al-Fujayra which today is the capital of the smallest of the Trucial Oman states. » #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, The Geographical Journal, London, 1964 130:3:337-49 ~ p.346 « From the Ile of Baharem, we sayled to Calara on the coast of Arabia Faelix, and so passed by [ 50] land with Camels, to Shiriff Din, (with a purpose to haue gone to Aman) where one Iohn White an Englishman, which refused my company, was poysoned) to haue giuen some intelligence to Sir Henry Middleton, of our hard vsage before in those parts. But hearing that he was traterously taken in Moha, in the mouth of the Red Sea, and carried in chaines vp to the Bassha of Sinan, into the maine land of Arabia, I returned to Lima another Towne on the Persian Gulfe, and there imbarqued my selfe to haue passed to Socotora, an Iland neere the mouth of the Red Sea: But I was taken by Pirates, and so was driuen to land at Snar or Soar, a coast Towne not farre from Lima. At Snar, certaine Portugals, whose Barkes were there cast away, informed the Gouernour [ 60] that I was a Spie, and prayed him to deliuer mee vp into their hands; who hauing obtained their request, carried me to Azibo, and so to Mascate or Muscat, an Iland, where they haue a small Garrison of some fortie men, besides their gallies, as also one Church, and two Friars. And here I had abiden for euer, if one Father Drurie, an English Iesuite, which I found there, had not pro|cured my libertie. From thence, I was conueied in chaines to Ormus, » #2540 Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, 1905 ~ vol. 3 p. 87 and Purchas his pilgrimes. part 1 In fiue books. The Third Booke. Chap IX § IIII p. 237 « Unsurprisingly, these volatile allies soon resumed their old habits, such as trading outside Portuguese controlled routes or plundering commercial ships along the coast, as was the case of one ‘Camis Bilizano’ [Khamis ?], known for his activities against shipping between Khor Fakkan and Limah around 1625–2.(276) Of course the election of Nāṣir b. Murshid al-Ya‘rubi to the imamate in 1624 (277) heralded a new era, though his actions only afected the Portuguese around 1627–2 fn. 275 “Instructions given to D. Gonçalo da Silveira” n/l [Muscat?] 22.05.1623. In: Ribeiro 1936, III, 310. fn. 276 “Instructions given to D. Gonçalo da Silveira” n/l [Muscat?] 14.12.1625. In: Ribeiro 1936, III, 337. » #2602 João Teles e Cunha, Oman and Omanis in Portuguese Sources in the Early Modern Period (ca. 1500–1750), ~ p. 250 « Libidia e mais que all estao, dando-ines ajuda e ravor, porque além de lho devermos, hemo-lo mister e servem a Sua Majestade com fidelidade. Destes oito navios declarados há de ficar o sanguicel, de Lima até Corfação, até o melhorar, assim para alentar aquelas Fortalezas, como para impedir que não navegue o Camis e » #2729 Luciano Cordeiro, Questões Histórico-Coloniais, Divisa~o de Publicac¸o~es e Biblioteca, Age^ncia Geral das Colo´nias: Atica, 1935-1936 ~ vol. 3 p. 337 ※ SOURCE for Limah « The other ports on this coast only receive the briefest notices and then only amongst the later Arab authors-Ibn Mujiiwir, YHqiit and Ibn Baffafa. Ibn Mujawir (p. 287) gives us a coastal itinerary which went from al-'hqr to Kalba, to Khawr Fukkan, to Lima, each four parasangs apart and thence eight parasangs to Julfar (reading Zufiir as an orthographic error for Julfar). This is the only mention of Lima in the Arabic authors, although it appears regularly on Portuguese maps » #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, The Geographical Journal, London, 1964 130:3:337-49 ~ p.346 « Limah - The people are Shihüh of the Bani Shatair (Kumazirah) section (a few however belonging to the Bani Hadiyah section) and own 8 sea-going boats which voyage to Masqat Town, Trucial Oman and the Persian ports. They have also 15 fishing boats. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol.2 p. 1609 « Daḥüriyin are, in Ras Al-Khaimah, a small, minority tribe. Only one section resides in the emirate, most of the rest live around Limah on the east, Omani, coast and have strong links to southern Iran (Najmabandi 1992). They claim to be the original inhabitants who were dispossessed by Bani Šutayr and Bani Hadiyah. There seems little point in pursuing this claim, it is sufficient that they have been in the peninsula for a very long time and are Šiḥuḥ in both its religious and cultural senses. » #2022 William Lancaster and Fidelity Lancaster, Identities and economics: mountain and coastal Ras Al-Khaimah, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 29:(1999):89-94 ~ p.90 In 1857 « 18: ‘Regarding plunder of the town of Limah by several boats from Ras el Khymah [Ra’s al-Khaymah], killing several men. Inaccuracies of Gulf charts’ »‘Vol 250 Wrecks, Maritime outrages’ British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers Ref: IOR/R/15/1/165 (folios 128-41) Survey, design, consultants of water supply schemes for Tayibat, Ghrumdah, Fudhra, Bukha, Al Jadi, Al Jirri, Qidah, Kumzar, Habalayn, Shabus, Shairsah, Limah, Bayah #171 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Musandam Water Supply Schemes, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1975 ~ Limah ليمه [name] On the east coast, 23 miles north-north-east of Dibah. [position] Village of 150 houses, partly built up the side of the hills on the steps of the strata one hut above another. It stands at the bottom of a bay open from east-north-east to north-north-east. The eastern horn of the bay forms a promontory 2 miles long, and off its extremity lies Jazirat Limah, a small island 285 feet high. [nature] There are dates and some other cultivation, also a fair , number of goats and a few cattle, but only 3 or 4 donkeys. The people are Shihuh of the Bani Shatair (Kumazirah) section (a few however belonging to the Hani Hadiyah section) and own 8 sea-going boats which Masqat voyage to Town, Trucial 'Omān and the Persian ports. They have also 15 fishing boats. Cattle are procurable, but firewood is a difficulty and good water is rather scarce. A path crosses the hills to the neighbouring village of 'Aqabah, and there is a route through the mountains to Ras al Khaimah Town, which can be reached in 2½ days. [remarks] » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1609 ※ SOURCE for Limma « em q jazem eftes lugares do mesmo reyno, Calayáte, Curiáte, Mafcáte, Soár, Calája, Orfacam, Dobá, e Limma, que fica oito leguoas ante de chegar ao cábo Mocadan: aque Ptolemeu chama Alaboro fituádo » #2596 Joam De Barros, Asia De Joam De Barros, Dos Feitos Que Os Portugueses Fizeram No Descobrimento E Conquista Dos Mares E Terras Do Oriente, Quarta Edição, Conforme A Edição Princeps, Iniciada Por Antonio Baião Continuada Por Luís F. Lindley Cintra, Imprensa Nacional-Casa Da Moeda, Lisbon, 1974 ~ Primeira Decada book 9 cap.1 p. 337 ※ SOURCE for Lyma only old map with both locations « Lyma, Lima Gadina » in {map#967 Chart of the Persian Gulf, Thomas Bowrey, 1685, Add.5222.15, British Library} see AHduGP map 86 « Lyma » in {map#997 [Carte anglaise du golfe Persique] / Made by John Thornton at the Signe of the Platt in the Minories, John Thornton, 1699, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 5 RES} see AHduGP map 87 Limah, Al Mahraqah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 14447007 coordinate: lat 25.936631 long 56.429515 NIMA/GNS names: Al Mahraqah , Al Mahraqah , المحرقة , VARIANT names: Limah, Al Mahraqah , ※ SOURCE for Limah, Al Mahraqah « At a place called Limah, we found them residing in natural excavations, on the side of a steep hill, the front part only being partially built up with loose stones. It had a most singular appearance. The caverns were in ranges one above the other ; the children were usually seen tied with cords, to prevent them tumbling down the precipices." (Journal of the Roy. Geog. Soc. vol. viii. pp. 183, 184.) » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Duncan and Malcolm; Darf Publishers Limited, 1846; 1984 ~ vol. 2 p. 226 Lishtar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073164 coordinate: lat 30.4341 long 50.5229 NIMA/GNS names: Eslamabad , Lishtar , Lishtar , Lishtar Sardar , Lishtar-e `Arabha , Lishtar-e Bala , اسلام آباد , ليشتر , ليشتر , ليشتر بالا , ليشتر عرب?ها , VARIANT names: Lishtar , Lishtar Sardar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLX UFI: -3073165 coordinate: lat 30.433333 long 50.516667 NIMA/GNS names: Lishtar Sardar , Lishtar-e Pa'in , ليشتر پائين , ليشتر سردار , VARIANT names: Lishtar Sardar , Little Quoin : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -786755 coordinate: lat 26.47828 long 56.53862 NIMA/GNS names: Didamar , Jazirat Quwayn as Saghir , Jazirat Salami , Jazirat Tadmur , Jazireh-ye Qovan-e Kuchek , Little Quoin , Little Quoin Island , Quwayn as Saghir , Shanaku , جزيرة تدمر , VARIANT names: Didamar , Doodkist , Little Quoin , ※ SOURCE for Didamar Didamar linked to Little Quoin by co-ordinates in Nima ※ SOURCE for Doodkist From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « From here one sees in N. N. E. direction the small islands 'de Leest (15), Lessenaren (16), /and/ Doodkist (17) which are situated at about 3½ miles off shore (18). The depth on the S. W. side of /the islands of/ 'de Leest' is 53 to 65 fathoms /over/ coarse sand ground. Three miles East off the Western corner of the bay of Comzaar an island (19) is situated which is on the corner (20) of Cape Mosandon. The Northern corner of this island lies at 26 degrees, 24 minutes Northern latitude. The depth there is 70 fathoms sand ground.fn. 15 The Last. fn. 16 The Lectern. fn. 17 The Coffin. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 299 Little Quoin «De Doo[t?]kist » in {map#391 Map of part of the Persian Gulf from Mascate to Pt. Doggeby, Isaac de Graaff, 1666, Nationaal Archief, The Hague, 4. VEL 222} Liyan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.891772 long 50.858295 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Liyan , Tol-e Peytul , ※ SOURCE for Liyan coordinates for « Liyan » basd on the figure in {map#1144 Fig. A South portion of the Bushire peninsula (after WHITEHOUSE and WILLIAMSON, op. cit., Fig. 4, and PEZARD, op. cit.) and general map of Khuzistan and the Iranian coast., , , #3000 Donald Whitcomb, Bushire and the Angali Canal, Mesopotamia, 1987 22:pp. 311-36 ~} p. 312 « When travellers from Hindush (Fig. 49.5) went to Persepolis, it is perfectly possible that many will have sailed up the Persian Gulf, and travelled up to Fars from Liyan (near Bushehr and Reshahr), rather than undertaking the arduous journey entirely overland through Baluchistan and Kerman. » #3023 eds. John Curtis, St John Simpson, The World of Achaemenid Persia, History, Art and Society in Iran and the Ancient Near East, I.B. Tauris, Bloomsbury Publishing, 2021 ~ p. 526 « Bushehr, though situated on a peninsula and where human settlement dates back at least 4,000 years, is a port-town of recent origin.(6) On the peninsula, Rishahr rather than Bushehr was the dominant ancient port, which was well-known and famous until the seventeenth century. fn. 6. The Bushehr peninsula was already inhabited in Elamite times. Inscriptions found date back to the 8th century BCE and are part of the remains of the ancient settlement of Liyan. van den Berghe 1959, pp. 165-74; Eqtedari 1348, pp. 138-201. » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 4 « East of Rishahr, and south of the village of Sabzabad, is the Elamite site known as Liyan from cuneiform inscriptions on bricks found on the mound (Fig. A). These inscriptions describe the construction and refurbishing of a temple complex under several Elamite rulers dating from ca. 1275 to ca. 1120 B.C. Ceramics from the mound are datable to the Kaftari period; these were published with the excavations of the French mission to Bushire in 1914 (7). fn. 7 This dating for the Elamite remains follows E. CARTER and M. W. STOLPER, Elam: Surveys of Political History and Archaeology, Berkeley 1984. Carter has related the ceramics to the Kaftari period at Tepe Malyan, p. 154; these ceramics were found by M. PEZARD, Mission à Bender Bouchir, Paris 1914. » #3000 Donald Whitcomb, Bushire and the Angali Canal, Mesopotamia, 1987 22:pp. 311-36 ~ p. 316 ※ SOURCE for Tol-e Peytul « a major site dwarfi ng virtually all of these in size (with the possible exception of Qalʿat al-Bahrain) called Tol- e Peytul was located on the Iranian coast near Bushihr. While early twentieth century excavations there by Maurice Pézard were limited, enough votive inscriptions in Elamite were recovered to confi rm the identifi cation of the site as ancient Liyan and to ascertain the presence of one or more major sanctuaries in the second millennium bce to, among other deities, the Elamite goddess Kiririshaof- Liyan. Although this is the only signifi cant Bronze Age site found to date on the Iranian coast, the size of the mound suggests that Liyan may have been the major metropolis in the Gulf. Later, shortly aft er the Persian Empire was founded in the midsixth century bce , Cyrus the Great built a palatial complex at Taoce, near modern Borazjan, a short distance inland from Bushihr. » #3051 D.T. Potts, Trends and Patterns in the Archaeology and Pre-modern History of the Gulf Region, in: ed.J.E. Peterson, Th e Emergence of the Gulf States Studies in Modern History, Bloomsbury, London, 2016, ~ p. 23 « Sites on the Persian Gulf. Outside of Fārs, Kaftari ceramics have been recovered from non-stratigraphic excavations at Tol-e Peytul, ancient Liyan (Pézard, 1914), which is located close to the middle of the Bušehr Peninsula on the Persian Gulf coast. Inscriptions from the site suggest that was under the sway of the sukkalmahs of Susa and Anshan (Potts, 1999, p. 180), and it has also been suggested that there may have been a governor at the site (Sumner, 1989, p. 148). It is notable that Barbar type ceramics from Bahrain and soft stone vessels from the Oman Peninsula were also recovered (R. Carter, 2003; Potts, 1999, p. 180, 2003, p. 159; Petrie et al., 2005, p. 67). » #1189 Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.), Encyclopaedia Iranica, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London and New York, 1985 ~ Vol. XV, Fasc. 4, pp. 344-348 Ll Sirik : arch. site IRN UTM: 5706, 2631 converted to coordinate: lat 26.5166666666667 long 57.1 VARIANT names: Ll Sirik , ※ SOURCE for Ll Sirik « Other variants: none Details: The location of Sirik is given by Adamec (1988: 432). No. of sherds: 9 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 lonely caravanserai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.868368 long 57.402079 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: lonely caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for lonely caravanserai « We camped that night in a lonely caravanserai at Hanaka. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 29 look out tower ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.384819 long 55.058562 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: about 3m diameter. VARIANT names: look out tower ? , ※ SOURCE for look out tower ? situated overlooking Qasr-i Dukhtar chahar taq, Tang-i Chak Chak online reference link [accessed 20 Jan 2025] Lordegan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073209 coordinate: lat 31.51338 long 50.82672 NIMA/GNS names: Lord Jan , Lordagan , Lordajan , Lordakan , Lordegan , Lordgan , Lurdagan , لرد جن , لردگان , VARIANT names: Lordegan , Lurdagon mound : place IRN (fort) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.510724 long 50.808988 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Lurdagon mound , ※ SOURCE for Lurdagon mound « Near the village there was a large artificial mound which may cover some ancient ruins » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 354 Ma`dan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054608 coordinate: lat 29.508675 long 54.355495 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh Ma`dan , Bagh-e Ma`dan , Baq-ma`dan , Ma`dan , Mazra`eh-ye Ma`dan , مزرعه معدن , معدن , VARIANT names: Ma`dan , Ma'ayah Pass 35 : arch. site OMN UTM: GV 360 690 converted to coordinate: lat 22.03978 long 59.28656 VARIANT names: Ma'ayah Pass 35 , ※ SOURCE for Ma'ayah Pass 35 « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 47 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Ma'ayah Pass 36 : arch. site OMN UTM: GV 365 695 converted to coordinate: lat 22.31504 long 59.29587 VARIANT names: Ma'ayah Pass 36 , ※ SOURCE for Ma'ayah Pass 36 « Triliths, cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 47 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Macha Hil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055127 coordinate: lat 26.8192 long 53.5415 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Machahir , Bandar-e Micha'il , Macha Hil , Machahir , Macha'il , Majahil , Makahil , Michahil , Micha-il , Muchahil , Nachahil , بندر میچاییل , مچائیل , موچاهيل , VARIANT names: Macha Hil , Machahi , ※ SOURCE for Machahi « Machahi » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} Macher Qaryeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.775436 long 52.13373 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Macher Qaryeh , ※ SOURCE for Macher Qaryeh « Macher Qaryeh » in {map#1217 in #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ fig. 20. Carte. Trajet de Dar-ol-Mizan à Firouzabad.} Madaktu castle : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.130395 long 47.365596 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Madaktu castle , ※ SOURCE for Madaktu castle Darreh Shahr Ancient City online reference link [accessed 18 Jun 2025] Madar Shah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073331 coordinate: lat 32.946057 long 50.677577 NIMA/GNS names: Madar Shah , مادر شاه , VARIANT names: Madar Shah , Madar-i-Shah : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3195681 coordinate: lat 33.216667 long 50.733333 NIMA/GNS names: Madar Shah , Madar-i-Shah , VARIANT names: Madar-i-Shah , Mader-e Shah , ※ SOURCE for Madar-i-Shah « At 15 miles is the ruined caravansarai, Madar-i-Shah, which has a bad reputation for robbers. The country here is very barren and deserted, with no good drinking water. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 235 ※ SOURCE for Mader-e Shah « Mader-e Shah » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt Khuzestan, Boyerahmad va Kohgiluyeh, Caharmahal va Bakhtiari und Esfahan} Madarshah Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.016425 long 51.498604 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Madarshah Caravanserai کاروانسرای مادرشاه VARIANT names: Madarshah Caravanserai , Madavan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073341 coordinate: lat 28.753677 long 54.259228 NIMA/GNS names: Madavan , Madehvan , Madevan , مادوان , VARIANT names: Madaoun , Madavan , ※ SOURCE for Madaoun « to the village Madaoun, from whence Darab bears due east, 4 fursacks distant. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 662 ※ SOURCE for Madavan « Après avoir suivi quelques instans ce ruisseau , et passé à plusieurs reprises un canal d'irrigation , nous arrivons à midi à Madavân . Ce petit village , situé dans une immense prairie , qui s'étend de l'O . à l'E . , est entouré de murs . [After following this stream for a few moments, and passing an irrigation canal several times, we arrive at Madavân at noon. This small village, located in an immense meadow, which extends from the W. to the E. , is surrounded by walls.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 350 Madha : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -783479 coordinate: lat 25.283447 long 56.332801 NIMA/GNS names: Madha , Madha' al Jadidah , Madha' al Jadidah , Madhah , مدحاء الجديدة , VARIANT names: Mada , Madha , ※ SOURCE for Mada « A fortaleza de Madá está duas legoas pella terra dentro detras de Corfacam, feita em quadro, como a de Libedia, com quatro baluartes, sita ao longo de hua ribeira de agoa mui fresca, tiro d'espingarda do pe da serra, com muitos palmares de muita fruta. He hua povoação de trezentos vizinhos, entre os quaes sam muitos de armas, que ajudão a defender a fortaleza, que tem de prezidio trinta lascarins com o seu mocadão, que sustenta a mesma terra. Mandou-a tomar o Capitão Geral Rui Freire em Mayo de seiscentos e vinte e quatro por Matheus de Siebra, pellos muitos asaltos de d'ahy nos davão os Arabios nas maes fortalezas do longo do mar. [f. 34] »[The fortress of Madá is two leagues by land behind Corfacam, made in a frame, like that of Libedia, with four bastions, located along a very fresh stream of water, shot by a gun from the foot of the mountain, with many palm groves of a lot of fruit. There is a village of three hundred neighbors, among whom there are many with arms, who help to defend the fortress, which has thirty lascarins with their mocadão, which supports the same land. Captain General Rui Freire ordered it to be taken in May 1624 by Matheus de Siebra, for the many assaults of d'ahy the Arabians gave us in the mother fortresses along the sea. [f. 34]]#821 Bocarro, António, O livro das plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoac¸o~es do estado da I´ndia Oriental, Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 1937-40: 1992 Series: 442 3 vols. ~vol. 2 pp. 58-9 ※ SOURCE for Madha The Omani territory of Madha (Arabic: مَدْحَاء, romanized: madḥā') or Wādi Madḥā' (Arabic: وَادِي مَدْحَاء) is an exclave of the Musandam Governorate, enclaved by the United Arab Emirates (UAE); inside it, there is a second-order enclave: Nahwa, which is part of the UAE Emirate of Sharjah. Madha is located halfway between the Musandam Peninsula and the rest of Oman. at wikipedia.org/wiki/Madha Madharustan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.424917 long 46.025318 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: based on Hulwan-Madharüstän of 4 parasangs and Mädharüstan Marj al-Qal'a (Kirind), which is given as 6 parasangs pro rata to existing distances VARIANT names: Madharustan , ※ SOURCE for Madharustan « Abschließend komme ich zu dem Ergebnis, daß m.E. die Berichte der arabischen Geographen ziemlich klar auf eine Lage von Mādharūstān unmittelbar an der großen Straße Baghdad-Khurasan hinweisen, und zwar nach dem Taq-i Girrā; wo allerdings genau, ist aufgrund der schwierigen Parasangenberechnung nicht mehr einwandfrei festzustellen. Eine Identifizierung von Mädharūstān mit den heutigen Ruinen von Qal'a-i Yazdigird dagegen halte ich nicht für möglich. [In conclusion, I come to the conclusion that, in my opinion, the reports of the Arab geographers point quite clearly to the location of Mādharūstān directly on the great road Baghdad-Khurasan, namely after the Taq-i Girrā; however, where exactly cannot be determined with certainty due to the difficulty of calculating the parasangs. On the other hand, I do not think it possible to identify Mādharūstān with the present-day ruins of Qal'a-i Yazdigird.] » #3435 Klaus Schippmann, Hinweise und Anmerkungen zu einigen sasanidischen Monumenten, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 vol. 7:pp. 157-162 ~ p. 162 Madharustan (ماذروستان Mādharūstān), Ruinen eines Palastes vom sassanidischen Großkönig Bahram V. online reference link [accessed 04 Feb 2025] Madinah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073349 coordinate: lat 30.779847 long 48.812558 NIMA/GNS names: Madinah , Madineh , Madyaneh , مدینه , VARIANT names: al-Madina , Dareek , Daura , Daurac , Daurak , daureca , Daurequa , Daurequia , Dawrak , Deree , Dorak , Dórak , Doreca , Dowraq , Madinah , Medina , Old Dorak , ※ SOURCE for al-Madina « DAWRAK, formerly a town in south-western Khūzistan, was also called Dawrak al-Furs, 'Dawrak of the Persians' and sometimes al-Madina, 'the Town'. The original Persian name was Darāk. In the middle ages Dawrak was the capital of a district which was sometimes called after it and was sometimes known as Surrak. Dawrak lay on the banks of the river of the same name, which was a tributary of the Djarraḥi; it was connected by canal with the Karun [q.v.]. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 p. 181 ※ SOURCE for Dareek « Dareek » {map#392 Kaart van een gedeelte Persische Golf van Mascate tot Bassora, Anoniem / Anonymous, 17th C, Nationaal Archief, no. VEL0220} see AHduGP map 45 « Dareek (45 B): [Dawraq, Dūraq] Shadegan? » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ index p. 418 ※ SOURCE for Daura « Daura (68 B, 90 B): [Dawraq, Dūraq] Shadegān » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ index p. 418 ※ SOURCE for Daurac « Daurac (56 B): [Dawraq, Duraq] Shadegan » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ index p. 418 ※ SOURCE for Daurak « The country they now inhabit, was at that time occupied by the Persian tribe of Afshar, and the town of Dórak (1) was their principal settlement. … The Walí consented, and marched against Dórak, which was completely destroyed. The Afshárs fled to Lehrowí, where they built a castle, which still retains their name. fn. 1 Daurak is placed by Abú-l-fedá in 30° 15' or 32° 20' N. (Geogr., p. 316).-F. S: The Khalifs, for Kobbán was founded long before the Turks possessed Baghdad. -F.S. » #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846 ~ pp. 41-2 « Daurak ? » in {map#1016 Persian Gulf. Western Sheet, Constable and Stiffe, 1917, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837b} « Daurak is a fixed point in the geography; the mouth of its river being marked on Captain M'Cluer's chart; and the course of the river itself, to Daurak, in a chart published by Mr. Dalrymple. It is placed accordingly, in lat. 30° 32', long. 49° 9'; being 79 G. miles east from Basrah. In the Oriental Tables, the lat. is 30° 30', and long. the same as Kaswin, 49° 33': but it appears that this place, as well as Shuster, is placed too far to the east, by 21 to 24 minutes. » #2937 James Rennell, A Treatise on the Comparative Geography of Western Asia Accompanied with an Atlas of Maps, C.J.G. and F. Rivington, London, 1831 ~ p.236 [Rennell ‘s location is 15 kms at a bearing of 52° from « Khor Doraq »; 3.9 kms at a bearing of 238° from « Bandar-e Mahshahr » and 41 kms at bearing of 129 from « Madinah ». PBR] « This gulf has a triangular shape, at one angle el-Obollah is situated, thence the gulf extends towards the east along Faris. Of the places situated on this coast, we name Persian Daurak دورق الغرس Máherbán [arabic] (Mahrúbán), and Shíníz; from this town the embroidered Shinízee cloth has its name; for this and other sorts of clothes are manu- factured there: farther the town of Jannábah, has its الثياب الجنابية whence the Janabeen clothes name; the town of Najíram belonging to » #228 El Masudi trans. Aloys Springer, El Masudi's Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems, Oriental Translation Fund, London, 1841 ~ p. 266 ※ SOURCE for daureca « 171 — daureca » in #2661 Luís De Albuquerque e Maria Catarina Henriques Dos Santos, Atlas de Lazaro Luis 1563 Códice da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, A Academia, 1990 ~ Toponómos e legendas das folhas cartográficas do atlas « daureca » in {map#884 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 5V., Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see PMC vol. 2 EST 216 and AHduGP map 31 « Daureca (31 B, 37 B): [Dawraq, Duraq] Shadegan » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ index p. 418 ※ SOURCE for Daurequa « Daurequa » in {map#1066 Nieuwe Pascaert van Oost Indien Verthoonende hen van C. De Bona Esperanca tot aen het Landt van Eso Geleyt op Wassende Graeden . ., Johannes van Keulen, 1680, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Stock# 67414} see AHduGP map 49 « Daurequa (49 B): [Dawraq, Dúraq] Shadegan » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ index p. 418 ※ SOURCE for Daurequia « Daurequia (81 B): [Dawraq, Düraq] Shadegan » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ index p. 418 ※ SOURCE for Dawrak « DAWRAQ (or Dawraq al-Fors), name of a district (kura; Moqaddasi, pp. 406-07), also known as Sorraq, and of a town that was sometimes its chef-lieu in medieval Islamic times. The town lay 78 km southeast of Ahvaz; its modern successor is Šādagan, situated 30° 40' N, 48° 40' E. According to early geographers, Dawraq was a fine and prosperous town, through which pilgrims from Fars and Kerman passed en route to Mecca (see Le Strange, Lands, p. 247; Schwarz, Iran, pp. 370-74; Hodud al- alam, tr. Minorsky, p. 130). Abū Dolaf's mention (sec. 67, comm. pp. 111-12) in the 10th century of Sasanian ruins, which he attributed to Qobād b. Dārā (i.e., Kawad I, 488-531), points to a pre- Islamic history for the place. It lay on the banks of a river of the same name, which flowed into the head of the Persian Gulf and was connected by a canal with the lower Karun river. The marshy area between Dawraq and the Persian Gulf was, and still is, known as Dawraqestan, and on the coast there was an anchorage for ships arriving from India. » link DAWRAQ ※ SOURCE for Deree « that on approaching the Delta the western branch takes its title from Karûn, a town ten or twelve miles above the Delta, as the eastern channel does from Deurak, Dorak, or Deree , another inland town, that extends the influence of its name down to the coast. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p. 425 ※ SOURCE for Dorak « This canal forms the common line of communication between Fellahiyell and Mohamrrlerah. About 12 miles above Felldhlyah, on the right bank of the river, are the ruins of the old town of Dorak. » #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846 ~ p. 68 ※ SOURCE for Dórak « The country they now inhabit, was at that time occupied by the Persian tribe of Afshar, and the town of Dórak (1) was their principal settlement. … The Walí consented, and marched against Dórak, which was completely destroyed. The Afshárs fled to Lehrowí, where they built a castle, which still retains their name. fn. 1 Daurak is placed by Abú-l-fedá in 30° 15' or 32° 20' N. (Geogr., p. 316).-F. S: The Khalifs, for Kobbán was founded long before the Turks possessed Baghdad. -F.S. » #2750 Henry John Carter, The Ruins of El Balad, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, 1846 ~ pp. 41-2 « About 12 miles above Felldhlyah, on the right bank of the river, are the ruins of the old town of Dorak. » #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846 ~ p. 68 ※ SOURCE for Doreca see SOURCE: Dowraq ※ SOURCE for Dowraq « (1) The Portuguese side promises not to allow [direct) trade with Basra, Qatif and Mokha, except for the date trade, but will force traders to call on Kong (8): the same held for the Portuguese trading from India. In return, the Portuguese will receive the moiety of the customs of Kong. [683] Because the Portuguese have allowed the following ports to fall into disuse they will try to revive them again, unless the Persian side will do so. The names of the ports are: Tgette [Gwadar], Dowon [Dovvan], Sepas [Suru?], Keppe [?], Kong, Abhermalaham [?], Serron,(9) Beniemhalla [?], Tgier [Jazireh al- Tavileh? or Qeshm ], Piery [?]. Arekaffon (Khur Fukkan?], and Sael [Sohar?]. fn. 8 Foster, English Factories 1630-1634, p. 140 (17/03/1631) ("there hath half the customs given him for ment of trade to that port by passing all jouncks and India vessels under convoy of his friggotts in the tyme of our procure- shipping att port."). In 1642, following a debate held in Goa among members of the State Council on liberalizing the rice trade made through Masqat, mention is made to allow all Portuguese subjects to engage freely in rice trade with ports that were open to them, or where they went regularly. None of the other possible ports is men- tioned, which implies that Goa had no knowledge of them leaving this matter entirely in the hands of Masqat. Finally, a decision was taken about an earlier request made by D. Duarte Lobo to open more Safavid ports to Portuguese shipping. The State Council only authorized him to frequent Dowraq (Doreca) and Bahrain, which were Safavid ports indeed, but meaningfully one was situated inland, near the mouth of the Shatt al-Arab on the Jarrah River, and the other near the Arabian coast. ACE, vol. 2-135, p. 378 (19/11/1642). fn. 9 Serron Sermion, see Tomaschek, Wilhelm. Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs p. 50, "An der Südküste von Kism folgen kleine Landvorsprünge, z.B. Rás Tarkún und Namekdan; hinter Rås Dastakân springt die Südwestspitze Sar-miyân vor. Couto, Asia, 6-X-iv VI (Çirimao). See also for Sermion in Teixeira, Travels, PP 19-20 as well as Bourguignon d'Anville, 'Recherches géographiques sur le Golfe persique et sur les bouches de l'Euphrate et du Tigre, Mémoires de littérature, tirés des registres de l'Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres 30 (1744): 150-151, La pointe occidental de Kesem, don't Bender-Congo est distant d'environ une lieu et demie, se nomme Ser-Mion, ou Ras-el-Mion. » #1596 Floor, Willem, The Persian Gulf: A Political and Economic History of Five Port Cities 1500-1730, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2006 ~ p. 431 ※ SOURCE for Medina « Medina/Dawraq: ruins of the former capital town of the district [29], located 18 km northeast of Shadegan. Occupied during the 17th and 18th centuries centuries AD, without traces of earlier or later habitation. » #2942 Jan Walstra,Vanessa Mary An Heyvaert, Peter Verkinderen, Assessing human impact on alluvial fan development: A multidisciplinary case-study from Lower Khuzestan (SW Iran), Geodinamica Acta, 2010 ~ p. 269 ※ SOURCE for Old Dorak « Old Dorak » in {map#1061 Lower Mesopotamia Between Baghdad and the Persian Gulf., War Office, London, 1915, Geographicus, New York} is placed 10 kms at a bearing of 50° from Madinah Madkhun : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075298 coordinate: lat 28.5622 long 53.0631 NIMA/GNS names: Madkhun , Modkhun , مدخون , VARIANT names: Madkhun , ※ SOURCE for Madkhun « MADKHUN Sarai 16 m. Leaving Hasanābād (2,000') on Route No. 32 strike N.-N.-W. over the swampy and mosquito-ridden Qir-o-Kārzin plain, passing Gawaki at 3½ miles. Baiyūn at 3 miles, Deh Beh at 4 miles. A t 4½ miles cross a ridge which cuts off valley from Tang surmounted by ancient fort and pierced by irrigation channels. At 5 miles reach mouth of Tang through which Mund runs in a S.-E. direction. There is a track along right or S. bank only difficult but not impassable for loaded mules. At 9 miles river changes its direction, cutting through the hills to N. by an im- passable gorge. The track continues N.-W. up narrow valley, crossing fresh water S.-W. at 10 miles. It then runs N.-N.-W. and ascends slowly to the Haftad-o-Du Pich Pass (2,500'), then N. or N.-N.-W. to Madkhūn sarai (2,400') at 16 miles (17 miles on stage 2, Route 41); dilapidated, but still capable of sheltering fairly large party: it stands on bank of Rudkhaneh-i-Madkhun, a fresh-water stream » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 244 Madrakah Island (MDK5) : arch. site OMN UTM: EG892018 converted to coordinate: lat 19.0068476556999 long 57.8475169647353 VARIANT names: Madrakah Island (MDK5) , ※ SOURCE for Madrakah Island (MDK5) « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Madrakah Island (MDK6) : arch. site OMN UTM: EG889017 converted to coordinate: lat 19.005957025655 long 57.8446622395812 VARIANT names: Madrakah Island (MDK6) , ※ SOURCE for Madrakah Island (MDK6) « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Madraseh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.377504 long 51.236054 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Madraseh , ※ SOURCE for Madraseh « Madraseh » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 10.95 long 78.45 VARIANT names: Madura , ※ SOURCE for Madura owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Madura, 78.45, 10.95, IN, nkn, exact, 94, tmcIRa0100_065a » Mael : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787889 coordinate: lat 24.455931 long 56.655084 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) NIMA/GNS names: Majis , مجيس , VARIANT names: Mael , Maham , Mahel , nael , Nahel , ※ SOURCE for Mael « Passing this fortress of Roçaque, but further inland, is another place called Mael, and beyond this yet another little village called Profam," Mael is given in Ribero's map on the coast north of Sohár, but cannot be otherwise identified. The Spanish version calls it Mahel. #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.72 fn.2 « MAEL, porto de- Nome dado por Duarte Barbosa a um porto da costa de Omão ou Oman, sito ao norte de 80har, que corresponde ao Majis das cartas hodiernas, em 24°28' lato N. e 56° 40' 10ng.E., a noroeste e próximo de Sohar. [Duarte· Barbosa - Livro de. . Versão publicada pela Academia das Ciências de Lisboa]. » [MAEL, port of- Name given by Duarte Barbosa to a port on the coast of Oman or Oman, located north of Sohar, which corresponds to the Majis of today's charts, at 24°28' wide N. and 56° 40' 10ng.E ., northwest and close to Sohar. [Duarte · Barbosa - Book by. . Version published by the Lisbon Academy of Sciences].] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ Vol. O-N, p. 214 ※ SOURCE for Maham « Nahel, or Maham, t. Arabia, in Oman; 50 NNW. Oman. Lat. 24. 20. N. » #2846 Joseph Emerson Worcester, A Geographical Dictionary, or Universal Gazetteer Ancient and Modern, Flagg and Gould, Andover, 1817 ~ vol 2 ※ SOURCE for Mahel « Passing this fortress of Roçaque, but further inland, is another place called Mael, and beyond this yet another little village called Profam, » Mael is given in Ribero's map on the coast north of Sohár, but cannot be otherwise identified. The Spanish version calls it Mahel. #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.72 fn.2 ※ SOURCE for nael « Place names on west coast of the Musandam moving to the east: daba - dadena - corfacan - c. mocamdam - ma[da] - [2 illisibles / illegible] - çoar - mazcate - calayate - c. de resalgate. [the “2 illisibles / illegible” appear to read « nael » and « Rocac » in {map#830 "Welserkarte", Ribero, Diogo, 1530 Seville, Studienbibliothek Dillingen - Call number: Mapp. 1} see AHduGP map 17 and PMC vol. V pl. 523 ※ SOURCE for Nahel « Having passed the fortress of Rosach, there is another fortress called Nahel twelve leagues off. » #2616 Duarte Barbosa, A Description of the Coasts of East Africa And Malabar in the beginning of the sixteenth century , by Duarte Barbosa, A Portuguese . Translated from an early Spanish Manuscript in the Barcelona Library with Notes and a Preface byThe H p.33 « Nahel, or Maham, t. Arabia, in Oman; 50 NNW. Oman. Lat. 24. 20. N. » #2846 Joseph Emerson Worcester, A Geographical Dictionary, or Universal Gazetteer Ancient and Modern, Flagg and Gould, Andover, 1817 ~ vol 2 « Nahel » in {map#1008 Mer Rouge et Golfe Persiqu, M. Bonne. Ingenieur- Hydrographe de la Marine, 1788, Qatar National Library Digital Repository, QNL:00016686} and in #2847 Rigobert Bonne, Atlas encyclopédique contenant la géographie ancienne, et quelques cartes sur la géographie du moyen age, et cartes relatives a la géographie physique, Hôtel de Thou, Paris, 1788 ~ vol. 2 map 85 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 30.7927927 long 47.7083333 VARIANT names: Maghlub , ※ SOURCE for Maghlub Bartingtons 47.7083333 30.7927927 14 « Maghlub b » Magu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3195691 coordinate: lat 33.287222 long 56.65 NIMA/GNS names: Chashmeh-ye Magu , Magu , VARIANT names: Magu , Mah (Cornu) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.053518 long 52.215565 VARIANT names: Mah (Cornu) , ※ SOURCE for Mah (Cornu) « Mah ou Mä VI C4 Localisation hypothétique Etape sur la route de Sirāf à Gür Ι 129, Η 283, Muq 454 Schw 195 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 53 « Mah » in {map#1167 in #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a` l'e´poque classique : IXe-Xe sie`cles : re´pertoires des toponymes, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985 ~ fig. Map VI. Provinces du Faris et du Kirman Desert non Arabe (Al-Mafaza)} Mahalcheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073463 coordinate: lat 27.77478 long 53.693344 NIMA/GNS names: Mahalcheh , Mahlacheh , Mahlacheh , Mahlakeh , Mahlejeh , محلچه , مهلچه , VARIANT names: Mahalcheh , Mahallache (Fishvar) , ※ SOURCE for Mahallache (Fishvar) « Mahallache (Fishvar) » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 14 Karawanenwege zwischen Djahrom und Lar und Khondj und Lar sowie südlich und östlich von Lar} Mahame : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787668 coordinate: lat 24.973901 long 56.364941 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) NIMA/GNS names: Khatam Malahah , Khatmat al Malahah , Khatmat Malahah , Khatmat Milahah , Khitmat Milahah , Khitmat Milahah border checkpoint , خطمة ملاحة , VARIANT names: Mahame , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Mahame AT Khatmat Malahah lat 24.973901 long 56.364941 [author], ※ SOURCE for Mahame « Mahame » in {map#982 Chart of the Entrance to the Persian Gulf, Fergusson, from the surveys of Brucks, Haines and Grieve, 1857, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3635/33, in Qatar Digital Library} Mahan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.060399 long 53.586927 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: position based on distance of 28 farskhs between Khunj and Huzu prorated over possible route of 241 km VARIANT names: Mahan , Mahan (Haman or Mayan) , ※ SOURCE for Mahan « thence 6 to Māhān » #3139 G. Le Strange, Description of Persia and Mesopotamia in the Year 1340 A.D. from the Nuzhat-al-Ḳulūb of Ḥamd-Allah Mustawfi, with a Summary of the Contents of That Work (Continued from p. 266,, The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1902 ~ p. 762 « , thence 6 to Mähän » #3133 trans. G. Le Strange, The Geographical Part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub¯ Composed by Hamd-Allāh Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 176 ※ SOURCE for Mahan (Haman or Mayan) « thence 6 to Mahân (Hâmân or Mâyân), » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 257 Mahan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073419 coordinate: lat 30.061055 long 57.291374 NIMA/GNS names: Mahan , Mahun , ماهان , VARIANT names: Mahan , Mahun , ※ SOURCE for Mahun #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7, 45:648-60 ~ p. 655 « Mahun was the first place where I had seen any really decent or substantial buildings (all of course still sun-bricks and Kahgil plaster) in the middle of the town your eye was at once caught by a peacock-blue dome. The colour was rather crude, but, after so many mid-coloured expanses, not unwelcome to the eye. We rode towards the town along a little watercourse which was also going there watering a row of willows on its way. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 29 Mahan, Grab des Schah Namet Ullah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.0744444444444 long 57.2077777777778 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mahan, Grab des Schah Namet Ullah , ※ SOURCE for Mahan, Grab des Schah Namet Ullah « Ortsbestimmungen zwischen Kermån und Enar.. Breite Länge Mahan, Grab des Schah N'amet Ullah 30 4 28 57 12 28 Breite v. St. John. [Location determinations between Kermån and Enar.. Latitude Longitude Mahan, Tomb of the Shah N'amet Ullah 30 4 28 57 12 28 Latitude v. St. John.] » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~p. 359 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.2349 long 50.7361 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Mahar , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Mahar AT Khashm-e-Ahmadi lat 29.2349 long 50.7361 [De Lagoa], ※ SOURCE for Mahar « MAHAR-Ahmadi, supomos, em 29° 11' lat. N. e 50° 40' long. E., no litoral persa de Fárs. [João de Barros-Da Asia]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ Corrigenda p. 39 « E da vila Reixete até a foz do rio Eufrates, que será espaço de cinquenta e oito léguas, está a Ilha Cargue, notável neste mar, que distará da terra firme cinco léguas, e da vila Reixete quinze: e mais adiante, seguindo a costa, Mahar onde entra um rio, e depois Dirtau, Ancuza, Turaco, e o Rio Charom, [And from Vila Reixete to the mouth of the river Eufrates, which will be a space of fifty-eight leagues, is Ilha Cargue, remarkable in this sea, which will be five leagues from the mainland, and from Vila Reixete fifteen: and further on, following the coast , Mahar where a river enters, and then Dirtau, Ancuza, Turaco, and the River Charom,] » #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ vol. 3 p. 317 Maharac : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787853 coordinate: lat 23.899722 long 57.270556 † basis (approximate location coordinates) NIMA/GNS names: Al Muhtariq , Mahariq , VARIANT names: Maharac , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Maharac AT Khatmat Malahah lat 24.973901 long 56.364941 [author], ※ SOURCE for Maharac « Maharac » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. Wellsted Royal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} Maharlu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073424 coordinate: lat 29.3489 long 52.8157 NIMA/GNS names: Maharin , Maharlu , مهارلو , VARIANT names: Giganli , Maharlu , Mally , Mohullu , ※ SOURCE for Giganli « Fatte fihalmente intorno a quattro leghe di viaggio, essendo ancor hotle, ci fermammo a riposare in un luogo che chiamano Giganli, dove a piè de' monti, presso un caravanserai rovinato che sta accanto ad un piccoló rivo di acqua corrente buona da bere, Irovammo alcune case di Turcomani [Having traveled about four leagues, being still hot, we stopped to rest in a place called Giganli, where at the foot of the mountains, near a ruined caravanserai which stands next to a small stream of running water good for drinking, we found some Turcomani houses] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 274 ※ SOURCE for Maharlu « alternatives routes Route No. 1 Bandar Abbas to Shiraz(d). Via Jährüm, Khānch Kahdan, and Mahārlū; about equal in length and regularly used by Sarvistin Jährümb caravans; well supplied with provisions, easy, and in good lateral communication with the main route here described. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 161 ※ SOURCE for Mally « En côtoyant ce lac , on a sur la droite un mont escarpé. La terre est inculte , mais remplie d'arbustes de buis . Elle nous parut bien cultivée aux environs de Mally, où nous arrivâmes à six heures et demie du soir . [As we skirt this lake, we see a steep mountain on the right. The land is uncultivated, but filled with boxwood shrubs. She seemed well cultivated around Mally, where we arrived at half-past six in the evening.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 341 ※ SOURCE for Mohullu « Flom Afahallu we proceede(l on a bearing of 120?, 155?, anKl lG5?; but sny watch having got out of order, I was unable to estimate distances exactly on this march » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 151 Maheyrun caravanserai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.071994 long 54.577211 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Maheyrun caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Maheyrun caravanserai « Ascend out over a steep gravel bank, and at 12¼ miles halt at the caravanserai of Maheyrun. ... Leave Mahey-run. Road over a stony plain; at mile turns to the left down a dry nullah and then skirts the right bank of the river for a short distance. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 6 Mahgan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073454 coordinate: lat 30.5511 long 52.3296 NIMA/GNS names: Mah Jan , Mahgan , Mahjan , Maigan , Meygan , مه جان , مهجان , مهگان , VARIANT names: Mahgan , Mahi Rood : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073451 coordinate: lat 32.189088 long 60.698117 NIMA/GNS names: Mahi Rood , Mahirud , Mahrud , Mahrud , ماهیرود , VARIANT names: Mahi Rood , Tſcheſmebudi , ※ SOURCE for Tſcheſmebudi « Der 30.Aug.hielt uns auff wisten Ber-gen auff. Die Indianer heiffen diese diesen Drt Ticheſmebudi. [The 30th of August stopped us on deserted mountains. The Indians call this Drt Tichesmebudi.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 67 Mahidasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3876735 coordinate: lat 34.269231 long 46.803157 NIMA/GNS names: Mahidasht , Robat , Robat `Olya , Robat-e Mahi Dasht , Robat-e Mahidasht , رباط , رباط ماهیدشت , ماهیدشت , VARIANT names: Mahidasht , Mahidechet , Maidasht , Maidest , ※ SOURCE for Mahidechet « et le jour d'après en trois, à Mahidechet (1). Ce canton eſt un pays fort plat, et renfer me une cin-quantaine de villages. fn. 1 Mah ſigniſie en Persan, la Lune, et Dechet une plaine. [and the next day in three, to Mahidechet (1). This canton is a very flat country, and contains about fifty villages. fn. 1 Mah means in Persian, the Moon, and Dechet a plain.] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 178 ※ SOURCE for Maidasht « On the other side of the stream is the village of Mäidasht, which possesses a large and massive sarai with accommodation for 250 men and horses. The village consists of some 60 huts. There is unlimited room for camping. The road is good and passable for all arms. Mäidasht is usually used by caravans as the only halting place between Harünābād and Kermanshah. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 154 ※ SOURCE for Maidest « Nous arrivons au caravansérail de Maïdest. A un quart de lieue, est le hameau qui lui donne son nom. Près de cet édifice coule un ruisseau que l'on passe sur un pont; les bords en étaient gelés. Le caravansérail est le lieu de repos des caravanes. Nous y fîmes prendre haleine à nos chevaux. [We arrive at the caravanserai of Maïdest. A quarter of a league away is the hamlet that gives it its name. Near this building flows a stream that we cross over a bridge; its banks were frozen. The caravanserai is the resting place for caravans. We let our horses breathe there.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 232 Mahidasht Bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.268419 long 46.80314 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Mahidasht Bridge پل ماهيدشت VARIANT names: Mahidasht Bridge , Mahlah 15 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 640 435 converted to coordinate: lat 22.99174 long 58.60005 VARIANT names: Mahlah 15 , ※ SOURCE for Mahlah 15 « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 43 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Mahmeleh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073465 coordinate: lat 27.784454 long 53.07092 NIMA/GNS names: Mahmeleh , Mahmeleh , Makhmaleh , Mohileh , Muhimileh , محمله , مهمله , VARIANT names: Mahmeleh , Zangu-Mamelay , ※ SOURCE for Zangu-Mamelay « We now traverse a grassy valley, and, after advancing two furlongs, pass many ruins of stone houses, which continue to border the west side of the road for about quarter of a mile till, at 11 miles 4-6 furlongs, we arrive at the village and Fort of Zangu-Mamelay, situated near the foot of the range Hawa in a vallev about 6 miles broad. Altitude above sea, 2.337 feet. The houses, of mad and stone with flat earth roofs, are built round, and open on to an inner square vard. It possesses a stone fort, a large irrigation well, and a cistern full of good water. Inhabitants, about 200. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 19 The location can be identified from the sketch « Zangu Mamelay, looking North in the Marz Haftawan valley » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ opp. p. 18 Mahmudabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073474 coordinate: lat 28.3727 long 57.8593 NIMA/GNS names: Mahmood Abad , Mahmudabad , محمود آباد , VARIANT names: Mahmudabad , ※ SOURCE for Mahmudabad also another at NimaID 2965768 latlong 28.3580556, 57.8627778 see ref1399 map Mahot : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -787859 coordinate: lat 20.569446 long 58.17421 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Mahaut , Jazirat Mahawt , Jazirat Muhut , Mahat , Mahawt , Mahot , Mahut , جزيرة محوت , VARIANT names: Mahawt , Mahot , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Mahot FOR Masséra-Petite [author], ※ SOURCE for Mahawt « International trade from the South Arabian period onwards was defined archaeologically by the presence of amphorae that began to flood the market by the third century BC. Complete examples of these vessels have remarkably survived in Salalah houses, the tomb of Saleh bin Hud, and the largest number from Mahawt and Filim near Masirah. » #2665 Lynne S. Newton and Juris Zarins, Preliminary results of the Dhofar archaeological survey, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2009 vol. 40:pp. 247-265 ~ p. 257 ※ SOURCE for Mahot « The South-East Coast and Dhofar. The strip of country from the S. border of Ja'lan to Ras Nus, which marks the eastern limit of Dhofar, has no general title but falls within the area of the Oman Sultanate. It is a barren stretch of coast, nearly 450 miles in length, backed by the Great Desert, and it possesses no place of importance with the exception of Mahot. » #2699 Admiralty War Staff, Intelligence Department, Handbook of Arabia Vol. 1 General, H.M.S.O., London, 1917 ~ pp. 276-7 « The island of Mahot, the chief trading station on this part of. the coast, is low and sandy without a vestige of vegetation except mangrove bushes, which fringe it two-thirds round ; the landingplace is on the north-east side, but is concealed from view by these bushes. There are no stone houses, and the huts, about 150 in number, are generally oval or circular in shape, made of mangrove boughs bound with ghadaf rope, and contain, perhaps, 400 to 500 inhabitants. The water found on the island is very brackish, and potable water has to be brought from wells four miles distant, and for this purpose female slaves are employed, who bring it in skins or in large earthen vessels suspended in goat’s hair cloths, slung on poles ; there is a storage of water in casks, for the use of the com¬ munity, under a shed in the village. The rise and fall of the tide at Mahot is considerable, being about eight or nine feet. The island is occupied conjointly by the Jenebeh and Hikman tribes, but other tribes, such as the Amiri and Al- Waheebeh are also represented. To the eastward the Hikman extend as far as Kais Mohammed bin Majid, own part of the district of Yuba, and roam the desert with their camels and goats ; in number they are about 3,500 souls, being a poor, wild, vagrant, and predacious set, while to the westward of Ghubbet Hashish are the Al-Waheebeh, who dwell as far as Hamar al-Nafoor. Notwithstanding its insignificant appearance Mahot is a thriving and busy trading place and the people are well-to-do, the women being loaded with silver ornaments. It has the advantage not only of being the sole trading port between Ras al-Had and Dhofar, but also of being the nearest point on the coast to Zanzibar ; also it is a free port. The town in the interior with which traffic is mainly carried on is Adam, which is 128 miles distant, caravans taking five or more days, there being thirty or more places at which water and fodder are procurable. Mahot has also trading relations to a much smaller extent with Zikki and Jaalan, while the traffic in slaves has now almost entirely ceased. In the palmy days of the slave trade Mahot was more populous and flourishing than it is now, as it formed a secure and convenient haven for landing cargoes of slaves, which were then pushed up to Adam, Nezwa, Zikki, and other places inland. The negroes were brought from Zanzibar in batches of ten to twenty in small coasting craft, during the south-west monsoon, and as Mahot was little known to, and unwatched by, the cruisers, captures were but rarely made. Of the four slave-landing stations on this part of the coast, Mahot ranked next to Soor, the others being Al-Askhara and Shihr. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ pp. 488-9 « MAHOT- An island village on Ghubbat Hashish on the south-eastern coast of 'Oman in the domitions of the Sultan of 'Omän; it is situated in the northern part of the bay 2 or 3 miles from the shore of the mainland, to which a man can cross on foot at low tide. The island is a mere sand bank 2 miles long by 1 broad, devoid of vegetation, except mangroves, and of potable water; the mangroves grow on a mud-flat, screening the island from view seawards and extending round of its circumference. The village consists of about 50 huts of mangrove boughs and there is one mosque roughly built of stone. The inhabitants are Hikman and a few Jannabah; they maintain a perpetual feud with the Al Wahibah of the adjoining mainlaind; thrie semi-insular position protects them from sudden attacks. Water is fetched daily by slaves in earthen vessels from wells under a low hill on the mainland 4 miles to the northward. Mahot is the principal trade centre of this part of the 'Oman coast and in particular the market in which the inhabitants of the coast from Masirah to the Kuria Muria islands purchase their dates; its unimportance is in proportion to that of the district which it serves. There are no regular shops and few large boats; but caravans constantly visit the place from Adam, the nearest point in 'Oman Proper, distant from Mahot, 7 days' journey by way of Wadi Halfain which reaches the sea, it is believed, a little to the north-east of Mahot. These caravans bring dates and cotton twist and take away fish. Animals at Mahot are. 10 camels, 10 donkeys, 20 cattle and 30 sheep and goats; there are 4 Baghlahs and 20 small fishing boats. In former days Mahot was a great place for the disembarkation of slaves, who were then smuggled into 'Oman by way of Wadi Halfain. Nativo sailing vessels passing between Aden or Zanzibar and the Persian Gulf used some times to call and ship cargoes of salt, made at Ras Sauqirah or Khor-al-Milh, or of salt fish, shark-fins and tortoise-shell, but this has become unusual. The only supplies obtainable at Mahot are a few sheep, firewood and water. » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 1137 Mahrak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.248702 long 53.532232 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location is estimated VARIANT names: Mahrak , ※ SOURCE for Mahrak « Mahrak » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 9 : Shiraz-Kish (2)} Mahram : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074170 coordinate: lat 27.643446 long 55.865926 NIMA/GNS names: Fin-e Marom , Mahram , Maram , Marom , Moharam , فين مارم , مارم , محرم , مهرم , VARIANT names: Mahram , Mehroûn , ※ SOURCE for Mehroûn « A l'entrée d'une immense vallée , nous passons à gué un ruisseau dont l'eau quoique thermale , est très - bonne à boire . Sur la droite est le hameau de Mehroûn . [At the entrance to an immense valley, we ford a stream whose water, although thermal, is very good to drink. On the right is the hamlet of Mehroûn.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 382 Mahruban : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.179977 long 50.092005 VARIANT names: Mahi-rūban , Mahruban , Mahrūban , Mahrūyan , ※ SOURCE for Mahi-rūban « 15. MAHI-RUBAN, a town standing like an island amidst water It is a flourishing place and the emporium of the whole of Pārs. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 127 ※ SOURCE for Mahruban [coordinates based on the following source. PBR] « At a distance of seven hundred meters to the west of the current village of Shah Abdullah and on the shore of the Pars sea, the hills and the ruins of the old city of Mehroban are located. The length of the land that is under the ruins of the old city of Mehroban today is four kilometers and three hundred meters and its width is about one kilometer. » #3032 Ahmed Iqtidari, As_ār-i shahrhā-yi bāstāni-i savāḥil va jazā'ir-i Khalij-i Fārs va Daryā-yi ?Umān (The remains of the ancient cities of the coasts and islands of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of ??Oman), Organization of National Antiquities, Tehran, 1348 (1967/8) ~ (The remains of the ancient cities of the coasts and islands of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of ??Oman), Organization of National Antiquities, Tehran, 1348 (1967/8) ~ p. 3 [text is google translation from the original Persian. PBR] « Not far from the mouth of the river Shîrîn-which, as already said, is the modern Tâb or Zuhrah river-lay the port of Mahrubân, close to the western frontier of Fârs, and this was the first harbour reached by ships bound to India after leaving Basrah and the Tigris estuary. Mahrubân was accounted the port of Arrajân, and in the 4th (10th) century was very populous, and had a fine mosque and good markets. According to Mustawfî the Persians called it Mâyruyân, or Mahruyân; linen was made here, and dates were exported, but the shipping was always the chief source of income. Nasir-i-Khusraw touched at Mahrubân in 443 (1052), and describes the town as lying along the sea-shore on the eastern side of the bay. The markets were excellent, and the mosque bore the name of Yakub, son of Layth the Saffarid. Water was stored in cisterns, there were three great caravanserais for travellers who landed here for Arrajân, and the commerce of the place was considerable. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ pp. 272-3 « #760 Bosworth C. Edmund, Decorative Printed Maps of the 15th to 18th Centuries, Journal of the Society for Iranian Studies, Michigan, 1997 (winter/spring), 30:1-2:77-94 ~ » #760 Bosworth C. Edmund, Decorative Printed Maps of the 15th to 18th Centuries, Journal of the Society for Iranian Studies, Michigan, 1997 (winter/spring), 30:1-2:77-94 ~ p. 84 « In the eleventh century Nasir-i-Khisraw visited both sides of the Arab Gulf, ... He adds that Mahruban on the Eastem toast, was a centre for the collection of customs duties,(13) an indication that another port had already begun to share trade importance with Siraf fn. l3 Nasir-i-Khisraw. Safar-Nameh, Arabic translation by Y. Khashshab, (Cairo, 1945), 100-101. » #1000 Ziadeh, Nicola, Trade and travel in the Arabian Gulf in the Middle Ages, ARAM Society for Syro-Mesopotamian Studies, Oxford, 1999-2000, 11-12:161-9 ~ p. 164 ※ SOURCE for Mahrūban « 15. In Ist., 113, Maq., 422, Mahruban, but I.R., 97, gives Mahirübān. Ist., 135, fixes the western maritime frontier of Färs at Mahriban. Maq., 453, counts from Arrajan to Rishahr 1 marhala, and thence to Mahrūbān I ditto, and further says: "and from Mahrübān to Siniz, or to the river (al-nahr), I marhala, and from the river to Arrajan i ditto." It is not impossible that in the second passage stands for, or that, Rishahr lying near the Shirin river, the distance to Rishahr, or to the river, was practically the same. [The traveller in both directions could like to cross the river not in the evening but in the morning of the second day.] Accord- ing to our author Mahirübān was situated "in the sea between (the bends or branches of) the Tab river" (§ 6, 35.), but as explained in the notes the courses of the Tab and Shirin (§ 6, 32.) rivers have got confused in the text. The estuary of the river Tab (Jarrahi), i.e. the Khor-Müsä, lies too far west for the distances indicated in Maq., and most probably was reckoned to Khüzistan and not to Fårs. Therefore the only estuary at which Mahrūbān could lie is that of the Shirin. The Shirin may have changed its course but approximately Mahrūban should be sought in the region of Hindiyan and Tuwaysha. Still more curious is the fact that on the older maps (see Russian 40 verst map of Persia, German 1: 800,000 map of 1918) a place "Mahruyak" appears on the left bank of the Shirin (Hindiyan) river quite close to the latter's estuary. This name unmistakably reminds one of Mahrüban, though the Pilot, 1864, p. 223, mentions no such name near the entrance of the "Tab river" (by which the Shirin river is meant).(2) fn. 2 The Shirin (Hindiyan, Zuhra) river is still called "Tab" on our maps. Our author's confusion of the names Tab and Shirin may point to an ancient origin of this ambiguous use. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 378 ※ SOURCE for Mahrūyan « Mahrūyān, pronounced Māhi Rūyān by the people of Fārs: A city on the coast, the port of Arrajān, located at 86 degrees longitude and 30 degrees latitude. It has a flourishing marketplace and a small river. The climate is hot and putrid. Nevertheless it is a busy entrepot, because anyone going from Fārs to the sea by way of Khūzistān, or from Basra to Khūzistān, stops here. There is no fruit other than dates. The chief source of income is from ships. It also grows much flax. This port is the extreme border of Fārs on the sea. From here it is 170 parasangs along the seacoast to Ḥiṣn Ibn ʿUmāra, where the land of Fārs ends. Ḥiṣn Ibn ʿUmāra: A strong fortress at 91½ degrees longitude and 29½ degrees latitude. It is in the direction of Kirmān. From Sirāf it can be reached along the seacoast, passing through scattered mountains and deserts. It is also called Qalʿa-i Dānbān and Jalandi. Later it fell to ruin. » #3044 Kātib Çelebi ed: Gottfried Hagen and Robert Danko, An Ottoman Cosmography, Translation of Cihānnümā, Brill, Leiden, 2021 ~ pt. 1 p. 238 Mahyar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013217 coordinate: lat 32.27277 long 51.803605 NIMA/GNS names: Mahyar , مهیار , VARIANT names: Mahyar , Maiar , Mayar , Mehiar , Moyeor , Moyore , ※ SOURCE for Maiar « Then we were up and off again, not along the road, but down a streamlet fringed with willows, until the dancing mirage in the distance hardened into mud huts and the grey caravanserai of Shah Abbas, and I rode into Maiar. There was no cha'par khaneh, so, meeting Saif, I left him to bring on the mules, and plodded another seven miles to a lonely little place on the plain, where carriages stopped to change horses. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 277 ※ SOURCE for Mayar « From about 16 miles the valley widens to from 5 to 7 miles broad, and is open and flat for the rest of the march, narrowing again to about 1 mile towards Mayar, at 30 miles. This village is an irregular polygon, surrounded by high walls with loop-holed towers, now in ruins (Curzon), and is situated among gardens and cultivation, immediately under the steep, rocky range to the left of the valley. There is a small post-house outside the village, with a good well and a large masonry caravansarai, in dilapidated condition. Many of the houses are in ruins. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 187 « Mayar (1) est un village gros de trois cents maisons, situé entre deux montagnes, s'étendant de l'une à l'autre, de sorte qu'il seroit impossible de ne passer pas par-dedans, quand on le vou-droit. Cette avantageuse situation me pourroitfn. 1 P. Della Valle, écrit Mehiar, et dit que ce nom signitic ami d'une grande. Ce mot peut en effet signifier ami d'un grand on d'une grande, si l'on prononce mehi yår, ou grand ami, si l'on prononce Meh yår. Les habitans de ce village étoient autrefois renonumés par la bonté des flèches qu'ils faconnoient. « Ce village dit Thévenot, est le commenceruent du pays de Fårs, qui, pro-prement, est la Perse. Voyage de M. Thevenot au Levant, etc., tout. IV, pag. 417, edit. in-12. Ambassade de Silva Figue-roa, pag. 336, 337. Voyages de P. Della Valle, toni. IV, pag. 302. (L-s.) [Mayar (1) is a village with three hundred houses, situated between two mountains, extending from one to the other, so that it would be impossible not to pass through them, even if one wanted to. This advantageous situation would allow mefn. 1 P. Della Valle, writes Mehiar, and says that this name means friend of a great one. This word can indeed mean friend of a great one or of a great one, if one pronounces mehi yår, or great friend, if one pronounces Meh yår. The inhabitants of this village were once renowned for the quality of the arrows they made. "This village, called Thévenot, is the beginning of the country of Fårs, which, properly speaking, is Persia. Voyage de M. Thévenot au Levant, etc., all. IV, p. 417, edit. in-12. Embassy of Silva Figue-roa, pag. 336, 337. Travels of P. Della Valle, toni. IV, p. 302. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 195-6 ※ SOURCE for Mehiar « La domenica, al-l'alba, dopo aver camminato la notte cinque o sei leghe, fa-cemmo posata in un caravanserai, presso la villa chiamata Mehiar, il nome della quale significa Amico del grande. Quivi císopraggiunse Ghulamali, corriero di Hormuz, maomettano, ma che serve i Portoghesi, [On Sunday, at dawn, after having walked five or six leagues during the night, we stopped in a caravanserai, near the village called Mehiar, whose name means Friend of the Great. There we were met by Ghulamali, a messenger from Hormuz, a Mohammedan, but who serves the Portuguese,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 241 ※ SOURCE for Moyeor « Next day we got to Moyeor; agrandiz'd by a thousand families; but none of their houſes compare with their dove-houfes for neat and curious outfides: they have fome excuse for it; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 150 ※ SOURCE for Moyore « October the 12th, 1628. The 12th daye being Sundaye about 6 of the clock in the afternoon we left Hispahone (being the famousest citie of all Parthia), and came to Moyore [Mehiar], a poore litle towne, haueing traveled 7 1ges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 74 Mahyar Caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.265004 long 51.809835 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mahyar Caravanserai , Mahyar Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Mahyar Caravanserai « towards Mayar, at 30 miles. This village is an irregular polygon, surrounded by high walls with loop-holed towers, now in ruins (Curzon), and is situated among gardens and cultivation, immediately under the steep, rocky range to the left of the valley. There is a small post-house outside the village, with a good well and a large masonry caravansarai, in dilapidated condition.. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 187 Maibud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074777 coordinate: lat 32.250137 long 54.016585 NIMA/GNS names: Maibud , Meybod , ميبد , VARIANT names: Maibud , Maidan Kuni pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 37.154697 long 58.757578 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Maidan Kuni pass , Ma'in : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079007 coordinate: lat 30.1951 long 52.67 NIMA/GNS names: Mahian , Mahin , Ma'in , Ma'ini , Qal`eh Now-e Ma'in , مائین , VARIANT names: Maiiu , Ma'in , Maiyan , Majien , Mayn , Moyeeme , Moy-Own , ※ SOURCE for Maiiu Dopo di questo si andò tre o quattro altre leghe sempre per valloni stretti tra montagne; ed alfine, avendo camminato in tutto sei o sette leghe, il lunedi, passato mezzogiorno di un pezzo, arrivammo ad una villa grossa, chiamata Maiiu, dove abitano [After this we went on for three or four more leagues, always through narrow valleys between mountains; and finally, having walked in all six or seven leagues, on Monday, well past midday, we arrived at a large village, called Maiiu, where they live.] ※ SOURCE for Maiyan « 3. MAIYÁN Leave Chambúraki at first in E. direction for about 3 miles. Reach bridge over the Kur or Band i-Amir; here a very fair stream. Then turn due W. Road lies along the base of bare cliffs, till the range they belong to is turned on entering the small side valley of Maiyán. This turning of the range must occur at about 15 miles from Aiyub by the road, but there is a shorter cut, a bridle path, a little more direct to about the place where the stream from Maiyán, which joins the Kur, turns the hill. » #3461 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Routes in Persia, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1887 ~ p. 479 ※ SOURCE for Majien « Le bourg de Majien, où nous étions, cit affez grand et rempli de jardins fruitiers, et de vignes, dont il y en a de fauvages fur les montagnes. Le pais qui eft entre deux eft fort agreable et bien arrofé par un canal, qui paffe au travers du village. [The village of Majien, where we were, is quite large and full of fruit gardens and vineyards, some of which are wild in the mountains. The land between them is very pleasant and well watered by a canal which runs through the village.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 258 ※ SOURCE for Mayn « Mayn est un gros bourg de trois cents maisons. C'a élë autrefois une grosse ville, et il en a encore le titre dans les gëographies persanes. [Mayn is a large village of three hundred houses. It was once a large city, and it still bears the title in Persian geographies. ] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 231 ※ SOURCE for Moyeeme « This night we came to Moyeeme [Main], being 6 lges. of stonie and craggi waye, hauing a great hill for to passe over between Yeioone and Imomismoile (2)2 [Imamzada Isma'il]. Here we picht in the Calantars howse, haueing this daye traveled 10 lges. Here is good water. fn. 2Sir William Foster gives the Imamzac.la Isma'Il as being 11½ miles north of MaIn. The tomb is said to be that of a son of the Imam Musa al-Kazim » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Moy-Own « After two dayes ſtay in view of old Persepolis, the eight and twentieth day we took horfe, and that night rid foure and twentie miles to a Town cald Moy-own; in midway twixt which two Townes, we noted a high im-pregnable mount, at whoſe top, ftood defperately a Cattle ſo fortified by Narure and induftrie, as may be thought impregnable. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 147 Main Cemetery : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.675329 long 52.33319 VARIANT names: Main Cemetery , ※ SOURCE for Main Cemetery « Main Cemetery » in {map#1127 Fig. 2. Siraf. The western part of the city., , , #3004 David Whitehouse, Excavations at Sirāf: Sixth Interim Report, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1974 vol. 12:pp. 1-30 ~} Mainak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3075592 coordinate: lat 29.0366 long 52.0624 NIMA/GNS names: Mahinak , Mainak , Meynak , Mo`inak , Moynak , ماهینک , VARIANT names: Mainak , Maiwand Pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3383802 coordinate: lat 31.7166667 long 65.25 NIMA/GNS names: Maiwand Pass , Maywand , VARIANT names: Maiwand Pass , Majis : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787889 coordinate: lat 24.455931 long 56.655084 NIMA/GNS names: Majis , مجيس , VARIANT names: Maggaese , Majis , ※ SOURCE for Maggaese « Maggaese, a fort and town in lat. 24° 27' 40" N., long. 56° 46' E., has about six hundred inhabitants. It is, with some villages adjacent, a mart and manufactory of the cotton canvas used by the Arabs for sails to their vessels. It has a great trade in this, and the canvas is considered. better than that of Bahrein, About forty to sixty thousand German crowns' value of it is exported every year. The place yields the Imaum a nominal 'revenue of two thousand German. crowns. Cattle and poultry are procurable here, also good water. From Hoomook to this the soundings are regular to fur and five fathoms, a little more than half a mile off shore. The anchorage is in five fathoms, mud. Between this place and Sohar are the villages of Farska and Ras Sallan, each containing about sixty inhabitants, mostly fishermen and cultivators. The soundings along the coast are regular to Sohar, there being twenty-five fathoms ten miles off .shore, and four and five within a mile of it.:» #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p.625 ※ SOURCE for Majis « Sa^ad-bin-Mutlaq soon violated the truce by permitting a raid on Barkah, and began to collect a huge levy of tribesmen, largely Bani Qitab, for an attack of Masqat: in this emergency the British Residentin the Gulf addressed a stringent protest to the Amir enjoined Sa’ad to await his master's orders, and sent British war-vessels to cruise upon the Batinah coast. These steps caused the Wahhabi to abate his demands; he agreed to accept, exclusive of an initial present of $2,000, an annual tribute of $5,000 a year which Thuwaini under his father’s instructions was willing to pay; and the Wahhabi expedition was then broken up, and Majis restored to the ruler of 'Oman. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 1 pt. 1 pp. 457-8 Makallah (MKL1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL282338 converted to coordinate: lat 22.8966203373017 long 59.2246594174669 VARIANT names: Makallah (MKL1) , ※ SOURCE for Makallah (MKL1) « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Makbara : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -787939 coordinate: lat 23.787778 long 57.781667 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Maqbarah , Makbara , Maqbarah , جزيرة مقبرة , VARIANT names: Makbara , ※ SOURCE for Makbara [The Suwadi Island group comprise 6 significant islands, named from west to east, Qat`ah, al `Alim, Maqbarah, Jabal, Suwadi, and Jabal al `Awd, all within 2 km of the coastline.] Makhailif : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786102 coordinate: lat 24.1235 long 56.92955 NIMA/GNS names: Al Mukhailif , Al Mukhaylif , Makhailif , Mikhaylif , Mukhaylif , Muqay`if , مخيليف , VARIANT names: Makhailif , Makylif , Maykiliff , ※ SOURCE for Makylif « Makylif » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. Wellsted Royal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} ※ SOURCE for Maykiliff « Maykiliff is a small fort and village in lat. 24° 7' 27" N., long. 57° 4' 26" E. From Sohar to this place the coast continues low, thickly studded with date groves. The soundings off the coast are regular to five fathoms within a mile of the shore. Between this place and Ras Hayara, in lat. 24° 4' 17" N., long. 57° 9' 50" E., is the village of Diel, containing about forty inhabitants. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 626 Makku : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073664 coordinate: lat 28.182377 long 53.133137 NIMA/GNS names: Mahkuyeh , Makku , Makooyeh , Maku , Makuyeh , مهکویه , مکویه , VARIANT names: Makku , ※ SOURCE for Makku « Makku » in {map#1182 1000k Maps of South Asia, Survey of India in the India and Adjacent Countries series, , } Sheet No 017 Shiraz « At 18+ miles village of Makkū is reached-standing mile from right bank of river; fruit gardens, 500 date palms and 50 houses. This village is one of several which are the heredi- tary property of the Qashqai chiefs. A direct path leads hence to Mubarakābād N.-E. via Taleh, several passes, road steep and reported difficult. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 288 Makku : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3073661 coordinate: lat 27.8486 long 52.423 NIMA/GNS names: Mahkuh , Makku , Makon , Maku , Makuyeh , ماهکوه , ماکویه , مكن , مكو , VARIANT names: Makkou , Makku , Maku , ※ SOURCE for Makkou « Arrivés dans une vallée plus large, de direction est-ouest nous voyons bientôt le sentier pour Dar ol-Mizan qui en part, montant vers le nord; mais Makkou ne se trouve pas sur la piste. Il faut continuer vers l'est jusqu'au bout de la vallée qui se termine par un défilé donnant accès à un cirque bien arbrité. C'est là qu'est situé Makkou. [Arriving in a wider valley, in an east-west direction, we soon see the path to Dar ol-Mizan which leaves it, climbing towards the north; but Makkou is not on the track. You must continue east to the end of the valley which ends with a parade giving access to a well-sheltered cirque. This is where Makkou is located.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 119 ※ SOURCE for Makku « Makku » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} ※ SOURCE for Maku « Maku » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} « Maku, located one kilometre south of the village, is a ridge with four buildings, made of plaster and rubble (one measured 14 x 4 m, and another 7 x 4 m; preserved height 1.5 m). A nearby cistern measuring 16 x 4 m with rounded ends, had a newly repaired vaulted roof. Directly below the village is a mill of the "Norse" type, 4 m in height. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 93 Makran : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: ADM2 UFI: -2768103 coordinate: lat 26 long 63.5 NIMA/GNS names: Makran District , Makran Division , Mekran District , VARIANT names: Makarene , Makran , Muk-ku-lan , Mu-ku-lan , ※ SOURCE for Makarene « al-ISKANDARIYYA, the name of a great number of towns of which Alexander (al-Iskandar) was the founder, real or legendary, or for which he was chosen as eponymous protector when they were built after his death. The relevant ancient texts are listed in the Real-Encyclopaedie of Pauly-Wissowa (i, 1377-98 and Suppl., i, 54) and, in less detail, by M. Besnier, Lexique de geographie ancienne, Paris 1914, 32-4. These towns are: ... 7. Alexandria apud Oritas, on the coast of Gedrosia, near Cocala: Sonmiani, at the mouth of the Pourali. - 8. Alexandria in Macarene, in the Makran, on the river Mashkil. - 9. Alexandria in Carmania: known to the Arab geographers as Walash-djird (cf. Yakut, s.v.). » EI IV:131a see Alexandria in Carmania « Between the extensive deserts on the south of these regions and the open sea lies the tract known as Makran (already known as Makarene in Roman times) » #250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983, ~ p. 189 ※ SOURCE for Makran « Between the extensive deserts on the south of these regions and the open sea lies the tract known as Makran (already known as Makarene in Roman times). Except at its west end, where the donkey-breeding Bashakird country adjoins the Strait of Hormuz, Makran is contained in the Persian and Pakistani provinces of Baluchistan, reaching almost to the confines of the lower Indus. For the most part it has a broad coastal strip, which is too torrid to support vegetation and has been sparsely inhabited by primitive communities whose sustenance and necessities of life came from fishing. From the time of Nearchus’ voyage in 325 BC they have been known as the Ichthyophagoi (‘Fish-eaters’). The barren hills that bound the coastal plain are scored by dry watercourses with tamarisks; they support some goats and golden-skinned deer. The general physiography of the interior is one of strings of spiky hills which run nearly parallel to the coast and long valleys which separate them. Movement in a west-east direction is relatively unobstructed except where sand dunes pile up. But though there are places where water suffices for palm-groves and settlements, the valleys are mostly arid with only scanty xerophytic vegetation; and the heat and long waterless stretches have made travel hazardous, while flash floods that result from rainstorms on the hills not only further the denudation of the terrain but add to the dangers of travel (Alexander the Great’s army experienced one to its cost). In the belief that Semiramis and Cyrus had traversed this country and lost almost all their men, Alexander was moved to emulation and came through with great hardship and heavy losses in 325 BC Jalaluddin of Khiva also returned from India through Makran in A.D. 1223 and is said to have lost the greater part of his army. The exploratory journeys of Aurel Stein, Sylvia Matheson, and others over the years have revealed the existence of numerous sites in Makran dating before and around the third millennium BC, and it is clear that some areas that are now uninhabitable had settlements then. It seems at the present time to be the prevailing view that there has been no appreciable climatic change since chalcolithic days in Iran; and if that is so, the desiccation – for such it is – was presumably due to human exploitation and over-grazing of the land which reduced its capacity to retain moisture. » #250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983 ~ p. 189 « In the Alexander historians the name Gedrosia evidently covered most of Makran. It is curious that there is no name in the Old Persian lists that can be applied here. Maka, with the ethnic Machiya that most scholars relate to it, is found in the lists from Behistun onwards, and has often been taken to be Makran. But two tablets also of about the middle of Darius I’s reign (PF 679 and 680) record provisions for satraps of Makkash, which therefore cannot cover the same ground as Purush. The positioning of Maka in the lists is ambiguous, and the prevalent identification with the Mykoi of Herodotus’ 14th ‘nomos’ is conjectural. From the time of Alexan-der the Great onward Makai was a name the Greeks gave to a people in the eastern end of Arabia (roughly Oman). It is of course not impossible that Mykoi and Makai are one and that they straddled the Strait of Hormuz (Oman itself has often been subject to Islamic rulers of Fars or Kerman). » #250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983 ~ p. 190 ※ SOURCE for Muk-ku-lan « cantonese version of Mu-ku-lan » (#326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 117, 122 note 12) ※ SOURCE for Mu-ku-lan #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 117, 122 note 12 Makurd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073460 coordinate: lat 28.5979 long 53.8581 NIMA/GNS names: Kushk-e va Mahkord , Mah Kord , Makurd , مه کرد , VARIANT names: Makurd , ※ SOURCE for Makurd « During the third night of our stay at Bishezard the captured bandit, though bound and guarded, managed to make his escape for the time being-and in consequence of the ensuing search for him our start for the small hamlet of Makurd on the opposite side of the Fasa valley was much delayed. The march to it led for 7 miles across a bare scrub-covered waste with no trace of ancient occupation. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 159 Mal Gir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3383313 coordinate: lat 31.7333333 long 64.45 NIMA/GNS names: Mal Gir , VARIANT names: Mal Gir , Malgee , ※ SOURCE for Malgee « The 28th we departed at night, going two parasangs, and lodged at a dea or village called Malgee. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 214 Mal Seyyedi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073814 coordinate: lat 31.817514 long 49.750942 NIMA/GNS names: Mal Sa`idi , Mal Seyyedi , Mal Seyyedi-ye `Olya , Mal-e Seyyed , Malsa`idi-ye `Olya , مال سعیدی , مال سید , مال سیدی علیا , VARIANT names: Mal Seyyedi , Malseyidi , ※ SOURCE for Malseyidi « After a march of two and three-quarter hours from the Murdeh Fil ridge we reached the village of Malseyidi, a straggling place situated on open uplands near a stream which was almost dry. This village was perhaps the largest we had hitherto touched: the huts are of mats and nestle against mud walls. It has a small mosque. Distance from Gergir about 20 miles. Neighbourhood apparently uninhabited. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 548 Malakabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073707 coordinate: lat 29.2722 long 55.8324 NIMA/GNS names: Malakabad , Malekabad , Malikabad , ملک آباد , VARIANT names: Malakabad , ※ SOURCE for Malakabad « At the 21st mile the village of Abbassabad lay three quarters of a mile to our left, and at the 23rd that of Salabad 1 mile on the same side, half a mile N. of which is a white isolated rock rising from the plain. At the 24th mile the small village Darestan occurred, and at the 26th that of Malekabad, where we alighted. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 63 « Quitting Malekabad, we encountered a caravan of 370 camels on their way from Yezd to Bunder Abassi, laden chiefly with madder-root, cotton, assafœtida, and almonds; and we passed a second company of about the same size soon afterwards. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 64 Malamir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067328 coordinate: lat 31.838985 long 49.872168 NIMA/GNS names: Izeh , Malamir , ایذه , VARIANT names: Idhaj , Idhej , Malamir , Mal-Amir , ※ SOURCE for Idhaj « The major residence of the Fadlawi Atabegs was Mālamir-now Izeh-a small town located at the southern edge of the Zagros range some 120 km. north-east of Shushtar (fig. 1). At this earlier period the settlement was some-times still known by the older form of its Persian name, Idhaj. The Arabic term Mālamir 'property of the amir' is first attested by Ibn Battūta who stayed there for several weeks in 730/1329 during the reign of the Atabeg Afrasiyab II. (2) fn. 2 Ibn Battūta, of. H. A. R. Gibb (tr.), The travels of Ibn Bat?i?a, 11, Cambridge, 1962, 287. » #1254 Hansman, J. F., Three Topographical Problems in the Southern Zagros, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, 1973, 36:1:43-54 ~ p. 43 « From Isfahan to the various other places in Persian Iraq the distances are according to what follows: Ardistan 34 leagues, Idhaj of Great Lur 45 leagues, Burūjird of Little Lur 66 leagues, Jurbadaqan 31 leagues, Dalijān 35 leagues, Ray 85 leagues, Firūzān city 6 leagues, Savah 64 leagues, Sultāniyyah 1061 leagues, [or] Qazvin 92 leagues, Qum 52 leagues, Qūmishah in Fārs 14 leagues, Kāshān 32 leagues, Karaj 45 leagues, Lürdagān of Great Lur 35 leagues, Na?anz 21 leagues, Nayin 26 leagues, Nihāvand 74 leagues, Hamadan 62 leagues, Yazd 62 leagues. » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 58 ※ SOURCE for Idhej « The site of the medieval town of Idhej is marked by a large mound near the centre of the basin bearing on its top a half-ruined castle, a seat of Bakhtiäri chiefs until recent times. Around it are scattered the mud-built houses of a fairly large modern village, » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 129 ※ SOURCE for Malamir « Between Gergir and the Murdeh Fil ridge, a distance of about 12 miles, the track is often bad. From thence to Malamir it is a fair track. Forage and provisions at Malseyidi and at Malamir. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 549 ※ SOURCE for Mal-Amir « 5. MAL-AHMIR-19 miles.The distance from Túl to Mál-Amír is by estimate 4 farsangs (19 miles). The road is circuitous: a narrow and difficult pass through the mountains shortens the way by about a farsang. We moved about 1 hour in the direction of north-west across a plain, having to the right a high chain of mountains, and to the left a succession of lower ridges. On the road we passed close to a burying-place with a number of white tombstones. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ pp. 655-6 Malayer : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073682 coordinate: lat 34.301579 long 48.821656 NIMA/GNS names: Daulatabad , Dowlatabad , Malayer , ملایر , VARIANT names: Dauletabad , Malayer , ※ SOURCE for Dauletabad « Dauletabad » in {map#1343 Reisen im Orient. von H. Petermann ; Nebst Einer Karte, Entworfen Von H. Kiepert. 2. Band, p. 243, 1861, } ※ SOURCE for Malayer « Malayer » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 3 Karte Irans, Ausschnitt der Regionen Teheran - Esfahan - Shiraz} Malek Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 32.628372 long 51.685061 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Malek Caravanserai of Isfahan کاروان?سرای ملک اصفهان VARIANT names: Malek Caravanserai , Malekabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073725 coordinate: lat 33.276313 long 49.584412 NIMA/GNS names: Malekabad , ملک آباد , VARIANT names: Malekabad , Malekabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLX UFI: -3073713 coordinate: lat 30.0193 long 55.4189 NIMA/GNS names: Malek Abad Olya , Malek Abad Sofla , Malekabad , Malekabad , مالک آباد , ملک آباد , VARIANT names: Malekabad , Malian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073835 coordinate: lat 30.009751 long 52.415761 NIMA/GNS names: Malian , Malyan , ملیان , VARIANT names: Malian , Mamulun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073869 coordinate: lat 33.3793 long 47.9596 NIMA/GNS names: Ma`mulan , Mamulun , مامولون , معمولان , VARIANT names: Mamulun , Mand or Qara Aghach R. : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.803531 long 53.220959 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mand or Qara Aghach R. , ※ SOURCE for Mand or Qara Aghach R. « Mand or Qara Aghach R. » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fasa H-39X 1948} Mandehi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074886 coordinate: lat 34.879875 long 58.627851 NIMA/GNS names: Mandehi , Meyandehi , Miandehi , Miyandeh , Miyandehi , میاندهی , VARIANT names: Mandehi , Mian Deh , ※ SOURCE for Mian Deh « On first starting we crossed a bridge into the desert of Turbat; about midday we passed the village of Mian Deh, equidistant from Mash-had and Tabas, and our last five miles were through a succession of old and new villages and gardens. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 80 Mandirabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088315 coordinate: lat 34.670036 long 48.078891 NIMA/GNS names: Mandirabad , Vandarabad , Vendarabad , Venderabad , وندر آباد , وندر آباد , وندر آباد , وندر آباد , VARIANT names: Mandirabad , Vadarabad , ※ SOURCE for Vadarabad « At mile 14 the road passes through the large village of Vadarābād, the S.-E. portion of which is surrounded by a ruined mud wall. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 158 Mandistan district : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.498298 long 51.563271 VARIANT names: Mandestan , Mandistan district , ※ SOURCE for Mandestan « The village of Mand mentioned in the Kārnāmag may be identical to the locale known as Mandestan present during the early Islamic period. The name Mand was, and still is applied to the lower course of the Sakkan River. Ibn-e Balkhi named Mandestan as a station along the road from Shiraz toward Najirom, 18 farsakh southsouthwest of Bushkanat (modern Bushkan, about 45 km west of Farrashband) (92). Mandestan is also described as a district on the coast of the Persian Gulf, with Sana and Shanbe in its east, and the Persian Sea in its west and south (93). However, if the identification of Kujaran with or near Bandar-e Lengeh is accepted, the identification of the village of Mand, mentioned in the Kārnāmag, with the early Islamic Mandestan cannot be correct as the latter locale is located much further to the west and not between Kujaran and Ardashir Khurrah (Gur). Margu fn. 92 Ibn-e Balkhi: 232 fn. 93 Fassai: 1341 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 23 ※ SOURCE for Mandistan district « Mandistan district » in {map#1138 , Le Strange, , #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905 ~} Map 6 Provinces of Fars and Kirman « Mândistan, the medieval name of this desert-meaning 'the Mand country'--is doubtless retained in the name of the Mand river, which, as already noted, is now used for the lower course of the Sakkân. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 255 Mangeli : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3757666 coordinate: lat 28.8856 long 51.1666 NIMA/GNS names: Mangeli , منگلی , VARIANT names: Mangeli , Mungellie , ※ SOURCE for Mungellie « Mungellie » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Mangerak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074735 coordinate: lat 28.7865 long 52.3702 NIMA/GNS names: Mangaran , Mangerak , Mangowk , Mengarak , منگوك , VARIANT names: Mangarek , Mangerak , ※ SOURCE for Mangarek « Mangarek » in {map#1217 in #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ fig. 20. Carte. Trajet de Dar-ol-Mizan à Firouzabad.} ※ SOURCE for Mangerak « Mangarak see Mengarak | 28°46'N | 52°23'E | IR07 | XM38 | NH39-15 » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vol. K-Z p. 1078 « 2 (43 m.) MANGARAK 15 m. General direction approximately E. At about m. 4 this alternative route appears to touch the main caravan route at about Barmeh (Barma ?) though it does not cross the Dasht-i-Siah plain. Its trace is difficult to follow as even Mangarak is not marked on maps. From mile 4-7 the track is very rough and strewn with boulders: from mile 11½ to the end of the stage it is free of stones and goes over flat ground through a broad plain, into which it descends by a rocky defile about 2 miles long. Mangarak has no settlement: in the winter months some of the Chigini (Qashqai) tents are pitched there; it is situated at the entrance of a long level plain in the direction of Farashband. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 79 Manian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073919 coordinate: lat 28.5773 long 53.2159 NIMA/GNS names: Maneyan , Manian , Maniyan , مانیان , VARIANT names: Manian , Manisht Kuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3073902 coordinate: lat 33.6926 long 46.4578 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Manasht , Kuh-e Manesht , Kuh-e Manisht , Kuh-e Manshat , Manesht Kuh , Manisht Kuh , كوه مانشت , منشت كوه , کوه مانشت , VARIANT names: Manisht Kuh , ※ SOURCE for Manisht Kuh « Dih-i bālā is a well-known point in Western Luristan (Pusht-i kūh) and served as residence to the former vali of Pusht-i kūh. It is situated on the western slope of Mt. Manisht (8699 f.) which is a conspicuous landmark and the watershed of the whole region. Several rivers have their sources on this mountain: (1) to the east flow the western tributaries of the Saymara (Karkhā); (2) to the north, the river of Ayvan, which lower down turns westwards and irrigates the oasis of Mandali (ancient Bandanijin); (3) to the west, the river of Dih-i bālā which, in its lower course (in Iraq), takes the name of Tursaq; (4) to the south, the Kunjiyān which irrigates the oasis of Zorbatiya in Iraq. » #3541 Ibn Muhalhil, Vladimir Minorsky, Abu¯-Dulaf Mis?ar ibn Muhalhil's Travels in Iran, Cairo University Press, Cairo, 1955 ~ p. 90 manjenigh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.518971 long 49.897918 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Manganik , Manjanik , manjenigh , ※ SOURCE for Manganik « After a tedious march of 24 hours over the high and uneven country of the Salira-gechi-dervázeh, we began the steep descent into the plain, having Munghasht to the east south-east, the road before us leading due north At 11 A. M. we crossed the river Tala coming from the valley of Manganón on the south south-east and in half an hour reached the ruins of Manjauík (1) in Baghi Maleh.fn. 1 Or Manganík from the Greek Mayyγανικὸν, Manganikon. The Arab j. was anciently pronounced g. as in gold. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 655 ※ SOURCE for Manjanik « After a tedious march of 24 hours over the high and uneven country of the Salira-gechi-dervázeh, we began the steep descent into the plain, having Munghasht to the east south-east, the road before us leading due north At 11 A. M. we crossed the river Tala coming from the valley of Manganón on the south south-east and in half an hour reached the ruins of Manjauík (1) in Baghi Maleh.fn. 1 Or Manganík from the Greek Mayyγανικὸν, Manganikon. The Arab j. was anciently pronounced g. as in gold. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 655 Manjenigh bridge : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 31.519752 long 49.89377 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: pel tarikhi manjenigh پل تاریخی منجنیق VARIANT names: Manjenigh bridge , Manqal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3757667 coordinate: lat 28.52979 long 51.410956 NIMA/GNS names: Mangol , Manqal , منقل , منگل , VARIANT names: Manqal , Munkal , ※ SOURCE for Munkal « Munkal » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Manshad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073934 coordinate: lat 31.529102 long 54.21977 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh , Manshad , دره , منشاد , VARIANT names: Manshad , Mansoor ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.02195 long 46.170472 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mansoor ? , Mansurabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073938 coordinate: lat 28.25488 long 54.035419 NIMA/GNS names: Mansoor Abad , Mansurabad , منصور آباد , VARIANT names: Mansurabad , Mansuri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: AREA UFI: -3793978 coordinate: lat 33.9 long 46.533333 NIMA/GNS names: Mansuri , منصوری , VARIANT names: Mansuri , Mantaqeh-ye Buseyf : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LCTY UFI: 13777310 coordinate: lat 30.030458 long 48.784734 NIMA/GNS names: Mantaqeh-ye Buseyf , منطقه بوسیف , VARIANT names: Mantaqeh-ye Buseyf , Manujan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073985 coordinate: lat 27.406976 long 57.501278 NIMA/GNS names: Jarian , Manujan , Posht Qalat , Qal`eh-ye Manujan , جاریان , منوجان , VARIANT names: Manujan , Manun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.597068 long 53.132072 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Manun , ※ SOURCE for Manun « Banks low, bed gravelly, only 2 to 2 feet of water lin hot season, but likely to become impassable after rain. Current swift. At 11 miles village of Manun, consisting of a few huts enclosed in square of mud walls. Supplies small. From here road bends in a south-east direction, and follows general direction of main valley. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 121 « Manun » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fasa H-39X 1948} Maqaqah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 153373 coordinate: lat 26.19824 long 56.3735 NIMA/GNS names: Maqaqah , مقاقة , VARIANT names: Maqaqah , Mocha , ※ SOURCE for Maqaqah « Maqiqah مقاقه [name] In the western of the two large Coves that run northwards out of Ghubbat Ghazirah, at the north-east corner of the Maqlab isthmus. [position] Village of 100 houses. [nature] Inhabitants are Dhahūriyin. Houses are of dry stone with roofs of timber supporting stones. There are 5 Sambūks running to Makran ports and 15 fishing boats. [remarks]. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1610 « In 1864, in connection with the operations, and with regard particularly to control of the natives and protection of the telegraph station, the question of the ownership of Ruus-al-Jibal was raised, and was found to present considerable difficulties. In January 1864 Colonel Disbrowe, who had hitherto assumed that the district belonged to the ‘Oman Sultanate, was informed by Sulaiman, Shaikh of the village, that the people of Habalain owned allegiance to the Qasimi Shaikh of Sharjah ; and the Political Agent, though the statement was not satisfactorily corroborated and was on the contrary denied by a Wali whom the Sultan then maintained at Khasab, considered the point to be of such importance that he returned to Masqat with Colonel Stewart, R.E., the Director of the telegraph operations, and asked Saiyid Thuwaini to state in writing for purposes of official record, whether Maqlab itself and the villages of Habalain and Maqaqah, between which the telegraph line crossed the isthmus, were part of His Highness's territory, and whether he agreed to certain local dispositions proposed by the telegraph officials. In reply, in a communication dated 21st February 1864, the Sultan with reference to “Maqlab, Khasab and their neighbourhood” stated categorically “These are all my country and my dependents, no one has any concern with them;” and he assented to the suggestions regarding details of construction. From local enquiries, made later, it seemed certain that Kumzar and Khasab on the western coast, together with the villages between them, actually acknowledged the sovereignty of the Sultan of ‘Oman; but some doubt remained as to the status of the inhabitants of Film, Shabus, and Shisah on the eastern side of the promontory, who were said to be virtually independent while at home and to become subjects of the Shaikh of the Sharjah in the date season, when they were accustomed to migrate to Dibah. On the other hand no claim to any part of Ruus-al-Jibal was openly advanced by the Shaikh of Sharjah, and it was stated that, in reply to a reference from the Shaikh of Maqaqah, Sultan-bin-Saqar had merely ordered that the telegraph operations should not be opposed in any way. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 1 pt. 1 pp. 624-5 ※ SOURCE for Mocha From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « On the other side of the aforementioned mountain on which Cheijsa is situated one finds the bay of Fillm (22) . On its Northern side Mocha (23) is situated, to which the same applies as has been observed with regard to Cheijsa fn. 23 Moqaqah. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ Maqbareh-ye Kurosh : arch. site IRN NIMA/GNS names: Maqbareh-ye Kurosh , VARIANT names: Maqbareh-ye Kurosh , Maqbareh-ye Pir Chupan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: TMB UFI: 15012195 coordinate: lat 27.60079 long 54.7092 Supplement: also located within 40 metres is the Bibi Zainab Pond NIMA/GNS names: Maqbareh-ye Pir Chupan , مقبره پیر چوپان , VARIANT names: Maqbareh-ye Pir Chupan , ※ SOURCE for Maqbareh-ye Pir Chupan برکه بی بی زینب Maqbareh-ye Seyyed Saleh od Din : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: TMB UFI: 10123301 coordinate: lat 33.2383 long 47.6546 NIMA/GNS names: Maqbareh-ye Seyyed Saleh od Din , Ziaratgah-e Seyyed Soheyl od Din , زیارتگاه سید سهیل الدین , مقبره سید صالح الدین , VARIANT names: Maqbareh-ye Seyyed Saleh od Din , Maqbareh-ye Sheykh Mozaffar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CMTY UFI: 10966401 coordinate: lat 27.088099 long 54.48037 NIMA/GNS names: Maqbareh-ye Seyyed Mohammad Ahmad , Maqbareh-ye Sheykh Mozaffar , مقبره سید محمد احمد , مقبره شيخ مظفر , VARIANT names: Maqbareh-ye Sheykh Mozaffar , Maqlab Isthmus 14b : arch. site OMN UTM: DD397974 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1948253613156 long 56.3964758391951 VARIANT names: Maqlab Isthmus 14b , ※ SOURCE for Maqlab Isthmus 14b #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 37 Maqlab Isthmus 14c : arch. site OMN UTM: DD394976 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1966185561444 long 56.3934640113576 VARIANT names: Maqlab Isthmus 14c , ※ SOURCE for Maqlab Isthmus 14c #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 37 Maqsud Begi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074006 coordinate: lat 31.81771143 long 52.00320764 NIMA/GNS names: Magsud Beyk , Maqsud Begi , Maqsud Beyk , VARIANT names: Mahsud , Maksudbegi , Maqsud Begi , Mirza-Kut-chec , Moxabeg , ※ SOURCE for Mahsud « In the morning I rode to Mahsud. ... At length came Mahsud, the usual collection of mud walls, and a solitary chapar khaneh ; —' to my delight furnished with a table and a chair, on which I write this. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 275 ※ SOURCE for Maksudbegi « and then over a wide cultivated valley to Kishara, a walled village, with a chaparkhana in cultivated country. Maksudbegi, after which this chaparkhana is named, is a walled village-like fort, quarter of a mile further on, and close under the precipitous hills on the left of the valley. Good crops of wheat and barley are grown here, and the villages are all supplied with water by kanats, and have each a few plough-bullocks. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 187 ※ SOURCE for Mirza-Kut-chec « Le 5, je fis six petites lieues par le beau pays que j'ai représenté, qui est tout couvert de ruis-seaux et de villages. On en traverse un à moitié chemin, appelé Mirza-Kut-chec (Myrza Ku-tchuk), c'est-à-dire, petit prince, lequel durant l'été est un des agréables lieux qu'on puisse voir, et durant l'automne, celui où l'on mange les meilleurs melons. Sa principale beauté vient des jardins et des bâtimens qui y ont été faits par ce seigneur, de qui il porte le nom, qui étoit cèdre (ssedr), ou grand pontife, du temps d'A-bas - le - Grand, de qui il épousa une fille, à cause de quoi on lui donna ce nom de petit prince. Ma traite se termina à un joli village, nommé Maxud Bequi (1) du nom du ſeufn. 1 Maqssoud Beyguy est situé à af milles anglais de Qòmichah, suivant Freyer (pag. 298 et 299), et à près de ao milles d'Yezd-Khôst, à cinq âghatch de Qomchah, suivant Thévenot, tom. IV, pag. 419. (L-s.) [On the 5th, I traveled six short leagues through the beautiful countryside I have depicted, which is covered with streams and villages. One is crossed halfway, called Mirza-Kut-chec (Myrza Ku-tchuk), that is, Little Prince, which during the summer is one of the pleasant places one can see, and during the autumn, the one where one eats the best melons. Its principal beauty comes from the gardens and buildings built there by this lord, after whom it is named, who was a cedar (ssedr), or high priest, in the time of Abas the Great, whose daughter he married, because of which he was given the name of Little Prince. My journey ended at a pretty village, named Maxud Bequi (1) after the name of the seufn. 1 Maqssoud Beyguy is located at af English miles from Qòmichah, according to Freyer (pages 298 and 299), and at nearly ao miles from Yezd-Khôst, at five âghatch from Qomchah, according to Thévenot, tom. IV, page 419. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 202 ※ SOURCE for Moxabeg « Moxabeg » in {map#1322 Carte de l'itinéraire de Perse fait par Herbert, avec Dodmere Cotton, ambassadeur d'Angleterre, l'an 1627 / par P. du Val, , , } « Next day, passing through De-Moxalbeg [Dih Maqsüd Begi], we got to Amno-baut [Aminābād], » #3211 ed Foster, William, Thomas Herbert, Travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ p. 119 Mara` : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3074014 coordinate: lat 30.641028 long 54.684981 NIMA/GNS names: Mara` , مراع , VARIANT names: Mara` , Merao , ※ SOURCE for Merao « At 5¾ miles halt at the hamlet of Merao.Time, 2 hours 15 minutes. Road good, passable to all arms.A ruinous fort, containing about 12 people, 3 cows, 80 sheep, 160 goats.Water plentiful from a stream lined with walnut trees. This place has been frequently looted also. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 23 Maragheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074025 coordinate: lat 37.392063 long 46.239093 NIMA/GNS names: Maragheh , Maraghen , مراغه , VARIANT names: Maragheh , Maragoa , ※ SOURCE for Maragoa « e asy chegaram tres oras do dia ao campo onde se asentou o arraial, junto de huma ci- dade per nome de maragoa, tres legoas donde partirað; a quinta feira sete de setembro chegou o xeque da caça, e o embaxador mandou saber do governador se o despachara, e quando queria que o fose ver; [and at three o'clock in the daytime they arrived at the field where the camp was set up, near a city called Maragoa, three leagues from where they had set out; on Thursday, the seventh of September, the hunting sheik arrived, and the ambassador asked the governor to find out if he had sent him away, and when he wanted him to go and see him;] » #2516 Afonso de Albuquerque, ed.Raymundo Antonio de Bulhão Pato, Henrique Lopes de Mendonça, Cartas de Affonso de Albuquerque, seguidas de documentos que as elucidam, Academia Real Das Sciencias de Lisboa, 1884, 1898 ~ vol. 2 p. 240 « Fernão Gomes de Lemos, qui s'était proposé à Albuquerque comme ambassadeur au vu de la manière dont Châh Esma'il avait gratifié Miguel Ferreira, quitta Ormuz le 5 mai 1515 (92) et se présenta l'été de la même année, à l'estivage de Maragheh (Maragoa) dans le nord-ouest iranien, à l'est du lac de Rezāye, suivi d'une délégation de 15 personnes, dont le déjà mentionné Gil Simões, auteur de la relation de l'audience. [Fernão Gomes de Lemos, who had offered himself to Albuquerque as an ambassador in view of the way in which Shah Esma'il had favored Miguel Ferreira, left Ormuz on May 5, 1515 (92) and presented himself in the summer of the same year, at the summer camp of Maragheh (Maragoa) in the Iranian northwest, east of Lake Rezāye, followed by a delegation of 15 people, including the aforementioned Gil Simões, author of the report of the audience.] » #3253 Dejanirah Couto, Les missions diplomatiques portugaises en Perse dans la première moitié du XVIe siècle: les audiences de Miguel Ferreira (1514) et de Fernão Gomes de Lemos (1515) à la cour de Châh Esma‘îl safavide, Anais de História de Além-Mar, 2009 vol. X:pp. 277-308 ~ p. 297 Maranjab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074082 coordinate: lat 34.299977 long 51.812686 NIMA/GNS names: Maranjab , Marenj Ab , Marenjan , Marinjab , Marinjan , Mazra`eh-ye Maranjab , مرنجاب , مزرعه مرنجاب , VARIANT names: Maranjab , Marawah : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -783548 coordinate: lat 24.298256 long 53.288938 NIMA/GNS names: Al Ghubbah , Jazirat Marawwah , Marawah , Marawih , Marawwah , Merawwa , Merawwah , VARIANT names: Al Fiha , El Fevea , El Feyea , El Fiha , Marawah , Morra , ※ SOURCE for Al Fiha « Al Fihá » in {map#1033 Asia. Persian Gulf [173r], Guy, Brucks, Constable, Stiffe, 1933, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3924, f 173, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for El Fevea « El Fevea » in {map#910 Map of Arabia, Published by J. Walker, Geographer to the Honble East India Company, 1849, British Library, IOR/X/3206} ※ SOURCE for El Feyea « El Feyea » in {map#1101 Reduced copy of chart of the Gulf of Persia, Brucks, 1830, [?531b] (2/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/732, p 531A, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for El Fiha « El Fiha » in {map#1029 Kaart van de Perzische Golf, ed. A. Hotz, 1907 (1645), #2863 Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ ( Kaart No. IV) after p. 545} ※ SOURCE for Morra « Morra An island in the Gulf, this is almost certainly Marawah (14) off the coast of Abu Dhabi, opposite Ras Khesaifah. fn. 14. Ministry of Defence. Series 2404, Sheet 547-C. London: Directory of Military Survey, 1974. » #869 Potts, D. T., The Gulf Coast of the United Arab Emirates in the Homem-Reinels Atlas of 1519, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 1996 ~ p. 121 Marbakh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075783 coordinate: lat 26.8403 long 53.8258 NIMA/GNS names: Garisheh , Marbakh , Morbagh , Morbakh , گریشه , مرباغ , VARIANT names: Marbagh , Marbakh , ※ SOURCE for Marbagh « MARBAGH 18 m. General direction N.W. Six hours. The road is over ulating ridges and through passes. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 53 [above excerpt from Route No. 11 Bandar Muqam to Lar 114 miles. 6 stages. authority Jones, 1856. PBR] Mardunow : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074079 coordinate: lat 27.330128 long 54.466348 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) NIMA/GNS names: Mardunow , Merd-e Now , Merdunu , مرد نو , مردونو , VARIANT names: Mardunow , Margh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074095 coordinate: lat 33.585505 long 50.238223 NIMA/GNS names: Margh , Margh-e Bala , Marq , Morgh , مرغ , مرغ بالا , VARIANT names: Margh , Marivan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074138 coordinate: lat 35.518287 long 46.182978 NIMA/GNS names: Dezh Shahpur , Dezh Shapoor , Marivan , Qal`eh-ye Marivan , د? شاهپور , قلعۀ مريوان , مریوان , VARIANT names: Marivan , Marq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013208 coordinate: lat 32.50966 long 51.708208 NIMA/GNS names: Margh , Marq , Morgh , مرغ , مرق , VARIANT names: Marg , Marq , ※ SOURCE for Marg « By Marg chapar khaneh I fell in with some Persians, with whom I chatted, » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 278 Marvdasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074200 coordinate: lat 29.8742 long 52.8025 NIMA/GNS names: Marvdasht , مرودشت , VARIANT names: Marvdasht , ※ SOURCE for Marvdasht « Neere Chilmanor is Mardafb (corruptly by the Spaniard cald Margatean) a Towne of two hundred houſes, the people fo fuperftitious that fuch houfes as we came in they perfumd and ayr'd (fome were happily fired) for that we were not Muffulmen. From this place to Sheraz are ten farfangs; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 147 Marvdasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ADM2 UFI: 9206560 coordinate: lat 30.083333 long 52.666667 NIMA/GNS names: Marvdasht , Shahrestan-e Marvdasht , شهرستان مرودشت , مرودشت , VARIANT names: Mardashe , Mardasz , Marvdasht , ※ SOURCE for Mardashe « The 21th daye we cam to Mardasz [Marvdasht], wthin half a league of Chelmenar¹ [Chihil manār]. Here we picht in the Calantars howse, hauing traveled 8 lges. of fayre waye, but somthing difficult by reson of many crosse wayes that lyeth on this playne wch goeth to severall villages that is on the large playn of Chelmenar. Here is good water great store. The 22th daye I rested at Mardashe. fn. 1 Local name for the ruins of Persepolis. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 76 ※ SOURCE for Mardasz « The 21th daye we cam to Mardasz [Marvdasht], wthin half a league of Chelmenar¹ [Chihil manār]. Here we picht in the Calantars howse, hauing traveled 8 lges. of fayre waye, but somthing difficult by reson of many crosse wayes that lyeth on this playne wch goeth to severall villages that is on the large playn of Chelmenar. Here is good water great store. The 22th daye I rested at Mardashe. fn. 1 Local name for the ruins of Persepolis. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 76 Mary : place TKM NIMA/GNS feature: PPLA UFI: -2559816 coordinate: lat 37.6 long 61.8333333 NIMA/GNS names: Mary , Merv , VARIANT names: Marv , Mary , Merv , ※ SOURCE for Marv In 1510, Isma'il moved against the Sunni Uzbek tribes in what is now Uzbekistan. By skillful use of ambush Isma'il was able to defeat a 28,000-man Uzbek force with only 17,000 Iranians in a battle near the city of Marv. #EB2002 Marz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074208 coordinate: lat 28.2077 long 55.1689 NIMA/GNS names: Marz , Morz , مرز , VARIANT names: Marz , Murz , ※ SOURCE for Marz « At 3 miles skirt base of mountain near which are a pond and shrine. At Marz is a large fort, also leaf huts and houses; 900 inhabitants. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 59 ※ SOURCE for Murz « Our tufangchis, being unable to go beyond Murz, were paid off and dismissed. We called at Murz village on our way, and asked the kalantar for a guard. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 155 Marz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074387 coordinate: lat 27.726525 long 53.461797 NIMA/GNS names: Marz , Maz , Mez , Mohammadabad-e Maz , مز , VARIANT names: Marz , ※ SOURCE for Marz « At 11 miles 5 furlongs, we pass a cistern full of good water, and arrive at the village of Marz, altitude above sea, 2,489 feet, situated, on the south side of the valley, at the foot of the range Tang-i Khur, here called "Marz". The road from Haftawan, for the whole stage, slopes gently from the north to the south side of the valley Marz contains a fort with lofty tower, and about 100 houses, all of mud and stone. Immediately to north of the village is a grove of date trees. Inhabitants about 400. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ pp. 20-21 Marzijaran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074223 coordinate: lat 34.137346 long 49.639773 NIMA/GNS names: Marz Jeran , Marz-e Jeran , Marzgiran , Marzi Garan , Marzijaran , Marzijeran , مرزیجران , VARIANT names: Marsiziran , Marzijaran , ※ SOURCE for Marsiziran « At 4½ miles the village of Marsizirān is passed on the left. Here two roads branch off to Hamadan; that on the left leading over the hills, and that on the right skirting the hills and remaining on the edge of the plain. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 238 Masaram : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074230 coordinate: lat 29.5393 long 52.1857 NIMA/GNS names: Masaram , Masaram-e Pa'in , Masaram-e Sofla , Masarm-e Pa'in , Masarm-e Sofla , Masarm-e Sofla , ماصرم سفلی , VARIANT names: Masaram , Maserem , ※ SOURCE for Masaram « Māsaram | PPL | 29°34' | N 52° 10'E | IR07 | XN17 | NH39-11 Masaram-e Pain: see Māsaram-e Soflá » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vol. K-Z p. 1091 ※ SOURCE for Maserem « 1. First house: Maserem (Haft Farsang) » #3161 Dr. Mohammad Ismail Ismaili Jolodar, A proposal to determine the location of the ancient port of Najiram based on the written texts of Sadr Islam and archaeological studies, rasekhoon.net/article/show/1012597/, 2013 ~ Maschiz, Haus des Gouverneurs : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.9375 long 56.4666666666667 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Maschiz, Haus des Gouverneurs , ※ SOURCE for Maschiz, Haus des Gouverneurs « Ortsbestimmungen zwischen Kermån und Enar.. Breite Länge Maschiz, Haus des Gouverneurs 29 56 15 56 28 0 (Breite v. St. John). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~p. 366 Masen : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074232 coordinate: lat 26.742778 long 56.005833 NIMA/GNS names: Masen , Mesen , Mosen , مسن , VARIANT names: Masen , ※ SOURCE for Masen « Suza (26°47'N., 56°04'E.) and Masen (26°44'N., 56°00'E.) are two small villages on this coast. A remarkable isolated crag, which shows up well from the E, rises W of Masen. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 279 Mashhad-i-Sar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054346 coordinate: lat 36.699286 long 52.650111 NIMA/GNS names: Babolsar , Babul Sar , Mashhad-i-Sar , Mashhadsar , Meshed-i-Sar , بابلسر , VARIANT names: Mashhad-i-Sar , Meshhed-i-Ser , Moshowdezar , ※ SOURCE for Meshhed-i-Ser « If it is wet, it takes two days to cover the fifteen miles from Meshed-i-Ser to Barferush—and I have had some experience of what it is like beyond. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 339 ※ SOURCE for Moshowdezar « This daye we cam to Moshowdezar [Meshed-i-sar), a very plesant place by the sea side, hauing a riuer runing vp thorow the towne. The name of it is Obybabool [Ab-i-Babul]. Here we bayted, haueing traveled 3 leauges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 54 Mashiz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074281 coordinate: lat 29.92266 long 56.574335 NIMA/GNS names: Bardesir , Bardsir , Deh-e Now-e Mashiz , Mashiz , Mshiz , Qal`eh-ye Mashiz , بردسیر , VARIANT names: Mashish , Mashiz , ※ SOURCE for Mashish #1511 p. 655 ※ SOURCE for Mashiz « Máshiz, a village of perhaps a thousand inhabitants, is the capital of Bardsír, and the headquarters of the Kermán regiment, much of the property being owned by the Government. In the centre is a modern fort in ruins; it was seized by Ághá Khán, and apparently destroyed after his retreat to India. The name of Mashish, which appears on all maps, is erroneous. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 74 Mashtan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074294 coordinate: lat 29.56549 long 51.642122 NIMA/GNS names: Mashtan , Mashtun , مشتان , VARIANT names: Mashtan , Masihabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10801800 coordinate: lat 28.01015 long 54.179107 NIMA/GNS names: Masihabad , مسیح آباد , VARIANT names: Masihabad , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Masihabad FOR Ahmadabad [possible based on Pohanka km 68.[PBR]], Masil-e Abd or Rahman : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11742423 coordinate: lat 27.119432 long 55.825337 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e `Abd or Rahman , مسيل عبدالرحمان , VARIANT names: Masil-e Abd or Rahman , Masil-e Ab-e Morghu : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11752241 coordinate: lat 27.160436 long 55.518083 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Ab-e Morghu , مسيل آب مرغو , VARIANT names: Masil-e Ab-e Morghu , Masil-e Ab-e Qazu : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11752243 coordinate: lat 27.166745 long 55.542659 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Ab-e Qazu , مسيل آب قزو , VARIANT names: Masil-e Ab-e Qazu , Masil-e Darku : stream grp 19 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11752173 coordinate: lat 27.080925 long 55.613763 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Darku , مسيل درکو , VARIANT names: Masil-e Darku , Masil-e Dowku : stream grp 19 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11752394 coordinate: lat 27.08386 long 55.565084 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Dowku , مسيل دوکو , VARIANT names: Masil-e Dowku , Masil-e Dulu : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11752174 coordinate: lat 27.161464 long 55.517507 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Dulu , مسيل دولو , VARIANT names: Masil-e Dulu , Masil-e Gachin : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11742912 coordinate: lat 27.134839 long 55.881388 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Gachin , مسيل کچين , VARIANT names: Masil-e Gachin , Masil-e Kanakh : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11742424 coordinate: lat 27.083293 long 55.863836 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Kanakh , مسيل کنخ , VARIANT names: Masil-e Kanakh , Masil-e Keri : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11742853 coordinate: lat 27.188341 long 55.768027 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Keri , مسيل کری , VARIANT names: Masil-e Keri , Masil-e Khowrdazi : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11742549 coordinate: lat 27.121818 long 55.899617 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Khowrdazi , مسيل خور دزی , VARIANT names: Masil-e Khowrdazi , Masil-e Khowr-e Kanakh : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11742547 coordinate: lat 27.141938 long 55.889874 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Khowr-e Kanakh , مسيل خور کنخ , VARIANT names: Masil-e Khowr-e Kanakh , Masil-e Khuni Kan : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11774800 coordinate: lat 27.229863 long 55.562111 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Khuni Kan , مسيل خونيکن , VARIANT names: Masil-e Khuni Kan , Masil-e Pankalanchi : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11742556 coordinate: lat 27.129936 long 55.865419 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Pankalanchi , مزرعه پنکلنچی , VARIANT names: Masil-e Pankalanchi , Masil-e Sonqor : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11740701 coordinate: lat 27.225955 long 55.914233 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Sonqor , Tang-e Songor , تَنگِ سُنگُر , مسيل سنقر , VARIANT names: Masil-e Sonqor , Masil-e Surag : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11740700 coordinate: lat 27.238612 long 55.932288 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Surag , مسيل سوراگ , VARIANT names: Masil-e Surag , Masirah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -787978 coordinate: lat 20.420156 long 58.789368 NIMA/GNS names: Al Masira , Al Masirah , Jazirat al Masirah , Jazirat Masirah , Masira , Masirah , Mesirah , VARIANT names: I.Maziera ou Myara , J' dama ceira , Masirah , Ogyris , Sarapis , ylha dimçira , ※ SOURCE for I.Maziera ou Myara (map [821] Map of the Arabian Coast, Red Sea, and Persian Gulf, Jacques-Nicolas Bellin, 1745/1746, Qatar National Library, 12896) ※ SOURCE for J' dama ceira « J' dama ceira » in (map [650] Carte de l'Océan Indien, des cotes de l'Afrique et de l'Asie depuis le cap de Bonne-Espérance jusqu'au Japon, João Teixeira Albernaz, c. 16.., Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE SH 18 PF 213 DIV 3 P 2/2) ※ SOURCE for Masirah « Its arrangement is facilitated by the insular landmarks off this barren coast, the Curia Muria islands, and the two Mazeiras ; the Zenobiae insulae, and Sarapis or Ogyris, of the ancients. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ Vol. 2 p.181 see also the index [Masseira island, ii. 180. n. t, See Mazeira. Mazeira island, ii. 168. 170. 181. 234. n.] ※ SOURCE for Ogyris « ..two groups of islands, [Zenobia, or those of Curia Muria, and Serapis, or the Mazerias,]... Its arrangment is facilitated by the insular landmarks off this barren coast, the Curia Muria islands, and the two Mazeiras; the Zenobiæ insulæ, and Sarapis or Ogyris, of the ancients. » (#365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, 1846, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1984 p. 168, p. 181 see also p. 170 and 234 n.) #840 ed. Smith, William, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1873 vol. 2 pp. 470-1 ※ SOURCE for Sarapis « ..in the time of Periplus coc-nut trees grew on Sarapis island (Masira) and the sewed boats of Ommana were made partly of the husk(57). » See n. 57 for extensive references (#823 Warmington, E H, The Commerce between the Roman Empire and India, Cambridge, 1928 p. 217) ※ SOURCE for ylha dimçira (map [827] Map of the Indian Ocean in "Atlas Miller", Pedro Reinal, Jorge Reinal, Antonio de Holanda, 1519, Bibliothèque Nationale de France Res. Ge. DD 683) masjed tarikhi dotabagheh kang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.58793 long 54.932978 Supplement: The two-story historic mosque of Kong مسجد تاریخی دوطبقه کنگ VARIANT names: masjed tarikhi dotabagheh kang , Masjed-e Jame` : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MSQE UFI: 6012425 coordinate: lat 32.67 long 51.685278 NIMA/GNS names: Masjed-e Jame` , مسجد جامع , VARIANT names: Masjed-e Jame` , Masjed-e Sangi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 10434231 coordinate: lat 28.700347 long 54.593149 † basis (corrected/adjusted NIMA/GNS data set) Supplement: NIMA/GNS data « 28.699014, 54.588476,Masjed-e Sangi,ANS » amended to 482m. away heading 72° VARIANT names: Masjed-e Sangi , Masjid-i Sang , Naksh-i-Darab , Stome Mosque , ※ SOURCE for Masjid-i Sang « [About 6 km. further south-east, at the foot of the same ridge, the so-called Masjid-i Sang (Stone Mosque) has been carved out of the rock, with an altar niche at the east end, a nave and transepts in the shape of a Greek cross, suggesting that it may originally have been a Nestorian Christian church. It is known that a Nestorian bishopric existed at Darabgird during the Sassanian period. ... [An inscription cut into the rock is dated A.D. 1254 indicating the chamber's use as a mosque at a later period. » #888 Matheson, S., Persia. An Archaeological Guide, Faber and Faber Limited, 1979, ~ p. 261 ※ SOURCE for Naksh-i-Darab « . - Left at 10-30 A.M., went round the hills to the south to see what is known as the Naksh-i-Daráb. After riding for an hour and a quarter round the base of the hills, came to the Naksh. In a sort of bay of the hills, above a very fine clear pool of a water, a piece of rock has been squared away, measuring some 12 to 14 feet in length by 9 feet in height. On this a fine bas-relief has been carved. In the centre is a figure, life-sized, seated on a somewhat small horse. It has the large globular head-dress and bunch of curly hair rendered familiar to us in the various other bas-reliefs at Shahpur, Naksh-i-Rustám, Naksh-i-Rejeb, and on the coins of the various Sassanian kings. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 11 ※ SOURCE for Stome Mosque « [About 6 km. further south-east, at the foot of the same ridge, the so-called Masjid-i Sang (Stone Mosque) has been carved out of the rock, with an altar niche at the east end, a nave and transepts in the shape of a Greek cross, suggesting that it may originally have been a Nestorian Christian church. It is known that a Nestorian bishopric existed at Darabgird during the Sassanian period. ... [An inscription cut into the rock is dated A.D. 1254 indicating the chamber's use as a mosque at a later period. » #888 Matheson, S., Persia. An Archaeological Guide, Faber and Faber Limited, 1979, ~ p. 261 Masjed-e Soleyman : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074315 coordinate: lat 31.9364 long 49.3039 NIMA/GNS names: Masjed Soleiman , Masjed Soleyman , Masjed-e Soleyman , Masjid-i-Sulaiman , مسجد سلیمان , VARIANT names: Masjed-e Soleyman , Masna'ah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786090 coordinate: lat 23.779969 long 57.640136 NIMA/GNS names: Al Masna`ah , Al Musan`ah , Al Musana`a , Al-Masna`a , Masna'ah , المصنعة , VARIANT names: Masna , Masnaah , Masna'ah , Mesnaah , ※ SOURCE for Masna « Masna » in {map#1009 Chart 2837a. Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet, Constable, Stiffe, Guy, Brucks, 1860, 'Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet' [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837a, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Masnaah « Greatly incensed at this outrage, he ordered an expedition to march to Barkah against Khalf and his retainers. He divided his army into troops : the troop under Rahmah-bin-Matar consisted of the people of Julfar and others who had joined them ; another was under Hamad-bin-Haniad, el-Kulaiby ; another under Rashidbin-' Abdallah, el-Kaaby; another under Ahmed-bin-Rashid, el-Ghafiry ; another under 'Adiy-bin-Suleirnan, el-Dzahly ; and another under Muhamrnad-bin-Nasir, el Harasy. Muhammad- bin-Nasir, el-Ghafiry, accompanied the army and encamped with them at el-Masnaah. (1) fn. 1 Wellsted's "Mesnáah" and the "Messna" of Capt. Brucks's chart. It is a small place on the coast, with a fort, twelve miles to the south- east of Suaik, containing about one hundred and fifty inhabitants. » #482 Razik, Salil-Ibn, History of the Imâms and Seyyids of ’Omân ... from A.D. 661-1856. Translated from the original Arabic and edited, with notes, appendices, and an introduction, continuing the history down to 1870, by G. P. Badger, Darf Publishers Limited, London, 1871/1986 ~ p. 112 ※ SOURCE for Masna'ah Al Masna'ah, about 8 miles westward of Suwadi Point, is a village in which is a con- spicuous fort with a tower surmounted by a flagstaff. Ash Shirs, 1 mile westward of Al Masna'ah, is a straggling village with a square ruined fort and some conspicuous trees. Depths of 3 fathoms are found about 1 mile offshore in this vicinity. » #2824 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf Including the Gulf of Oman and the Northern Shore of the Arabian Sea as Far Eastward as Ras Muāri H.O. Pub . No. 62 ( Formerly No. 158), U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office, Washington, 1960 ~ p. 77 ※ SOURCE for Mesnaah « At thirteen miles from the town we arrive at Mesnaah, the intervening space being filled up with nine villages, Soor, Rabeea, Widam, Shirs, and six others. Inland … Al-Mesnaah is the natural port of Al- Rostak and was at one time a very prosperous town, but has now greatly declined owing to political dissensions and consequent insecurity. It had a strong handsome fort, but this was razed to the ground by Seyyid Turkee in 1874, after the abortive attempt of Ibrahim bin Kais ; it is now subordinate to the Sultan’s Wali at Burka and only seven Banians remained in the bazaar in 1880. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p. 457- 458 masonry brdge : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.789993 long 48.617852 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: masonry brdge , ※ SOURCE for masonry brdge « At 18 miles a river, 30 to 40 feet wide, is reached. Cross by a good masonry bridge of 4 arches, roadway 21 feet. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 241 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 20.569446 long 58.17421 VARIANT names: Masséra-Petite , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Masséra-Petite AT Mahot lat 20.569446 long 58.17421 [author], ※ SOURCE for Masséra-Petite « A ce moment, la brise recommence à souffler, et, au coucher du soleil, le roubban vient mouiller par 20° 15' de latitude nord, - 55° 46' de longitude est, à l'abri de Masséra-Petite. Je dis petite par opposition à Masséra-Grande, sise à quelques lieues en face. -Cette ile, dis-je au nacoda me parait aussi stérile que celle de Hemr; cependant, il me semble dis- tinguer des habitants sur la rive. -Tu ne te trompes pas, Hadji, me répondit-il, ce sont des hommes qui vivent dans l'île au nombre de trois cents environ et dans des gourbis. - Mais alors l'ile doit posséder quelque source? -Non, les naturels se procurent l'eau sur la terre ferme, et plusieurs chaloupes sont employées à ce travail. Dans ce cas il me semble que ces insulaires auraient mieux fait de s'établir sur le continent. Ils ne s'y trouveraient pas en aussi grande su- reté que sur Masséra: ici leurs richesses n'ont rien à craindre de la rapacité des Bédouins; car, tels que tu les vois, ces gens-là ne sont pas aussi dénués de tout qu'on pourrait le croire. Grâce à leur ile, ils cumu- lent ce que leur produit la pêche du poisson et celle du corail, et quelques-uns d'entre eux possèdent des boutres qui font le cabotage dans la mer des Indes. » [At this moment, the breeze starts to blow again, and, at sunset, the roubban comes to anchor at 20° 15' north latitude, - 55° 46' east longitude, in the shelter of Masséra-Petite. I say small as opposed to Masséra-Grande, located a few leagues opposite. - This island, I say to the nacoda seems to me as sterile as that of Hemr; however, I seem to distinguish inhabitants on the bank. -You are not mistaken, Hadji, he answered me, they are men who live on the island to the number of about three hundred and in huts. - But then the island must have some source? - No, the natives get water on dry land, and several boats are used for this work. In this case it seems to me that these islanders would have done better to settle on the mainland. They would not be there in as great safety as on Masséra: here their wealth has nothing to fear from the rapacity of the Bedouins; because, as you see them, these people are not so deprived of everything as one might think. Thanks to their island, they accumulate what they produce from the fishing of fish and coral, and some of them have dhows which make the cabotage in the Indian Sea.] #2692 Col. Louis Du Couret, Les Mystères du Désert, E. Dentu, Paris, 1859 ~ vol. 2 pp 353-4 [Besides Mahot there are only two significant islands, Jazirat Shaghaf and Jazirat Ma`awil. Mahot also fills the description Du Couret makes.] NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 17.95 long 55.56 VARIANT names: matearca , Materqua , Metacum , R: Matqua , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Materqua FOR Metacum [Flavius Arrianus], ※ SOURCE for matearca « materqua 18°25' - Reinel (Paris) / materca 19° - Reinel (Paris) - matearca - Reinel (Munich) » #2218 Denucé, Jean, Les origines de la cartographie portugaise et les cartes des Reinel, E. van Goethem, 1908 ~ p. 129 ※ SOURCE for Materqua « Materqua » in {map#929 L Disegno della seconda parte dell' Asia, Giacomo Gastaldo, 1571 (book), #2701 Cosmografia Universale, Bertelli, Fernando, 1571 ~} « materqua 18°25' - Reinel (Paris) / materca 19° - Reinel (Paris) - matearca - Reinel (Munich) » #2218 Denucé, Jean, Les origines de la cartographie portugaise et les cartes des Reinel, E. van Goethem, 1908 ~ p. 129 in {map#651 Nautical Atlas of the World, Folio 3 Recto, Folio 3 Verso, Pedro Reinel, Jorge Reinel, Lopo Homem, António de Holanda, 1519, Bibliotheque nationale de france} « Emboloborgo, Materqua, 85 30 13 30 » #2629 Claudius Ptolemaeus ed.Girolamo Ruscelli, Giuseppe Rosaccio, Geografia Di Clavdio Tolomeo Alessandrino, Tradotta di Greco nell'Idioma Volgare Italiano Da Girolamo Rvscelli, Et hora nuouamente ampliata Da Gioseffo Rosaccio ... Et vna Geografia vniuersale del medesimo, seperata da quella di Tolomeo ... Et vna breue Descrittione di tutta la Terra, distinta in quattro Libri …, Appresso gli Heredi di Melchior Sessa, 1599 ~ Libro Sefto, p. 138 « De l'ifle nommee des Arabes CVRIA-MVRIA, des Perfes CVTHA. CHAP. XVII. POVR ne laiffer rien imparfait, et ne faire autrement digreffion des ifles de Necumere et Mangame, ie viens coftoyer l'autre partie de l'Afie, que l'auois laiffee à l'Arabie felice, à fin de venir doubler le Promontoire de Caieri, bien fort anant en mer, pour trouuer l'ifle, que les habitans du païs appellent Caria-Muria, diftate de terre fer- me enuiron quatre ou cinq licues, voiline auffi du Promontoire Siagre, qui eft fort grand, et fur lequel eft baftic vne Fortereffe, et le Magafin de ceux qui rafiquent l'Encens, Rheubarbe, et chofes aromatiques de l'Arabie, ayant fa poincte dreffee au Soleil leuat. Cefte ifle eft affez voifine de Delhanot, fçauoir du Cap des Drogues aromatiques: fur lequel font baflies les villes de Materqua, Chodiet, etGrauerich, fort grandes et populcufes,pres lefquelles eft le port de ceux qui vont de cefte ifle de- fcendre en terre pour vifiter le pais d'Arabic.Le Promontoire qui regarde Caria-Muria,a trois poinctes, où fe fait l'emboucheure fort grande et large,au milieu de laquelle l'ifle eft affife,faite prefque en forme d'Efcuffon,que portoiet iadis les Gaulois en guer re:laquelle eft aufli grade qu'autre qui foit en l'Alie, mais peu habirce, pour les raifons que ie vous diray. Elle eft en fon eleuation de nonante vn degré de longitude minute nulle, et d'vnze en latitude quinze minutes: fuiette au Roy du païs où fe leue l'Encens eflant iadis affuietric au Roy et Seigneur de Maphta. Le Royaume auquel elle mar chife, eft nommé Fartach. Les Arabes difent, qu'elle contient foixanteneuf lieues de circuit: ce qui eft affez vray femblable, veu fa grandeur, et l'apparence qu'elle a à ceux » [POVR not to leave anything imperfect, and not to otherwise digreffion of the ifles of Necumere and Mangame, ie come to coftoyer the other part of Afie, that I had left it to Arabia felice, in order to come to double the Promontory of Caieri , very long at sea, to find the ifle, which the inhabitants of the country call Caria-Muria, diftate from dry land about four or five leagues, close to the Siagre Promontory, which is very large, and baftic vne Fortress, and the Storehouse of those who raficate Incense, Rheubarb, and aromatic things of Arabia, having its point raised in the shining Sun. This island is near Delhanot, home of the Cape of Aromatic Drugs: along which run the towns of Materqua, Chodiet, and Grauerich, very large and populated, near which is the port of those who go from this island to descend to earth to quicken the Arab country. I once carried the Gauls to war, which is higher than anyone else who lives in Aliy, but lives little, for the reasons I will tell you. It is in its eleuation of ninety vn degree of longitude null minute, and of eleven in latitude fifteen minutes: flee to the King of the country where the Incense rises eflant iadis affuietric to the King and Lord of Maphta. The Kingdom to which she marches is called Fartach. The Arabs differ, that it contains sixty-nine leagues of circuit: which is indeed similar, given its size, and the appearance it has to those] #2223 Thevet, André, La cosmographie universelle d'André Thevet. Vol. 1 (Afrique, Asie) / … illustrée de diverses figures des choses plus remarquables veuës par l'auteur, 1575 ~ p.355 « Besides this, the end is great and broad, at the beginning of which is the port of Materqua (once called Metacum by Ptolemy), where the Prin river flows. (formerly called Hormanus) enters the sea. » #2738 Flavius Arrianus, Ponti Euxini et maris Erythraei periplus primum e graeco sermone in latinum versus etc. Jo. Guilielmo Stuckio, Eustathius Vignon, 1577 ~ Pt. 2 p. 49 see see additional notes ※ SOURCE for Metacum « Besides this, the end is great and broad, at the beginning of which is the port of Materqua (once called Metacum by Ptolemy), where the Prin river flows. (formerly called Hormanus) enters the sea. » #2738 Flavius Arrianus, Ponti Euxini et maris Erythraei periplus primum e graeco sermone in latinum versus etc. Jo. Guilielmo Stuckio, Eustathius Vignon, 1577 ~ Pt. 2 p. 49 « METACUM, porto de - Nome dado, segundo João de Barros, por Ptolemeu ao porto de Calaiate ou Kalhat, em 22° 42' lato N. e 59° 22' longo E., no litoral da Arabia. [João de Barros - Da Asia]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 264 « … him to Villa de Calayate, … Which place, as we said before, it seemed that in another time it was the most illustrious town on that coast, and that which Ptolemy calls Metacum, located beyond Cape Siagro, which is that of Rosalgate against the strait Parseo: but let him put it at a greater distance than it is from the Cape, which will be up to eight leagues. » #1858 João de Barros e de Diogo do Couto, Da Asia, Na Regia officina typografica, Lisboa, 1777 ~ Decada 2 p. 102 ※ SOURCE for R: Matqua location estimated of « R: Matqua », « Matqua », « B: di Matqua » in {map#858 Dell´Arcano del Mare, Dudley, Robert, 1646, }, currently no known modern place name NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 27.5 long 77.7 VARIANT names: Mathura , ※ SOURCE for Mathura owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Mathura, 77.7, 27.5, IN, nkn, exact, 99, tmcIRa0100_066a » May : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.179169 long 52.323223 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: almost an exact km to Gowri VARIANT names: Mah , Mai , May , ※ SOURCE for Mah « thence to Mah, one stage » #3346 Muhammad ibn Ahmad Muqaddasi, trans. Basil Anthony Collins, The Best Divisions For Knowledge Of The Region, Garnet Publishing, Reading, 2001 ~ p. 367 « Mah ou Mä Localisation hypothétique Etape sur la route de Sirāf à Gür1 129, Η 283, Muq 454Schw 195 [Mah or Mä Hypothetical location Stopover on the road from Sirāf to Gür1 129, Η 283, Muq 454Schw 195] » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 53 ※ SOURCE for Mai «Dorf Mai 6 Par. zum Anfang des Passes Bädergän Hän [Village Mai 6 Par. to the beginning of the pass Bädergän Hän] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896~p. 195 ※ SOURCE for May « De là au village de May, six parasanges. [From there to the village of May, six parasangs.] » #3352 Configuration de la terre : Kitab surat al-Ard / Ibn Hauqal ; introduction et traduction, avec index, par J. H. Kramers et G. Wiet, Maisonneuve et Larose, Paris, 1964 ~ vol. 2 p. 279 Maysar 29 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 136 190 converted to coordinate: lat 22.77466 long 58.10662 VARIANT names: Maysar 29 , ※ SOURCE for Maysar 29 « Beehive tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 46 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Maysar 30 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 130 190 converted to coordinate: lat 22.7747 long 58.10077 VARIANT names: Maysar 30 , ※ SOURCE for Maysar 30 « Beehive tombs, rectangular walling » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 46 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Mazayejan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074431 coordinate: lat 28.0559 long 54.65352 NIMA/GNS names: Mazayejan , Mazayjan , مزایجان , VARIANT names: Mazayejan , ※ SOURCE for Mazayejan « Mazayejan » in {map#376 in SERIES 1501 AIR SHEET National Imagery and Mapping Agency fig. NH40-13 Darab} Mazayjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074432 coordinate: lat 30.2936 long 53.8022 NIMA/GNS names: Mazayjan , Mazijan , مزایجان , VARIANT names: Mazayjan , Mazian , ※ SOURCE for Mazian « At Mazián we struck the river which flows to Marvás, the chief town to the north of Arávirjun; it was a large village, but its inhabitants said that they were sure to be robbed if they left home. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 80 Mazeh Kan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074446 coordinate: lat 28.7259 long 52.8953 NIMA/GNS names: Mazeh Kan , Mazekan , مزه کان , VARIANT names: Mazeh Kan , Mazinan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074457 coordinate: lat 36.308801 long 56.816068 NIMA/GNS names: Darwazan , Mazinan , مزینان , VARIANT names: Mazinan , Mazra`eh-ye Bangali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3808647 coordinate: lat 26.852222 long 55.9075 NIMA/GNS names: Mazra`eh-ye Bangali , Mazra`eh-ye Movaqqat-e Bangali , مزرعۀ بنگالی , مزرعۀ موقت بنگالی , VARIANT names: Mazra`eh-ye Bangali , Mazra`eh-ye Chahar Berekeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 11686259 coordinate: lat 27.001116 long 54.57834 Supplement: large domed cistern, approx diameter 20 m., located 246 m. heading 337° from this coordinate. Bone Kooh Chahar Berkeh Mosque located 75 m. heading 2.25° from this coordinate. NIMA/GNS names: Mazra`eh-ye Chahar Berekeh , مزرعه چهار برکه , VARIANT names: Banicu,Ciarbuke, Sarcova , Char Bourkah , Mazra`eh-ye Chahar Berekeh , ※ SOURCE for Banicu,Ciarbuke, Sarcova « Il Lunedì 11. fatte 10. miglia, paſſam- mo un fiumicello appiè d'un mõteje poi una ſtrada di Sale, che fi forma dell'iſtef- ſa acqua falſa, e divien così duro, che ſembra una pietra bianca. Entrammo poi per alcune concavità d'alte rocche, e ſpezialmente del monte di Baffac, dove era il cammino si malo, e precipitoſo, che biſogno farlo a piede: baſterà il dire, che per paſſar dieci miglia di ſtrada, per detta montagna di Baſſac, ed altrettante per lo piano, fi confumarono 12. Ore; perche era d'uopo attendere, che fi caricaffero le mule, e gli afini della noſtra Cafila, che cadevano da volta in volta. Giugnemmo alla fine mal conci, e ſtracchi (in particolare il Padre Franceſco, che quantunque infermo, fece la fua parte della ſtrada a piede) nel Karvanſera di Banicu, o Ciarbuke, o ſecondo altri Sarcová; ſtanza molto cattiva, come poſta fra orridi monti, ſenza alcun Villaggio da vicino, o perſone, che la cuſtodiſcano ; onde fù di meſtieri per tre gior- ni di cammino portar le provviſioni neceffarie, non trovandoſi per via che comprare. [On Monday the 11th, having traveled 10 miles, we passed a small river at the foot of a mountain then a salt road, which forms groundwater and becomes so hard that it looks like a white stone. We then entered through some concavities of high rocks, and especially the mountain of Baffac, where the journey was so bad, and so rushed, that it was necessary to do it on foot: it will suffice to say that to travel ten miles of road, for the said mountain of Baſſac , and as many for the floor, 12 hours were consumed; because it was necessary to wait, while they loaded the mules and the harnesses of our Cafila, which fell from time to time. We arrived at the end badly dressed, and ſtracchi (in particular Father Francesco, who although ill, did most of the journey on foot) in the Karvanſera of Banicu, or Ciarbuke, or according to others Sarcová; very bad place, as it is among horrid mountains, without any nearby village, or people, to guard it; so it was necessary to carry the necessary provisions for three days' journey, not being able to find anything to buy on the way.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 pp. 275-6 ※ SOURCE for Char Bourkah « Face very slow. A little Indian grass about and occasional trees. At 54 miles reach the summit of a range of low mountains, and pass between two peaks, about 400 feet above the road. Gradient of ascent, +8°. Elevation about 1,850 feet. Road now descends (gradient 3°) gently by a winding stony track, and at 6 miles arrives at Char Bourkah, where there is a small caravanserai, three ruined bourkahs, and one which is full of water and in good repair. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 5 Mazra`eh-ye Charm-e Sefid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10399834 coordinate: lat 28.3047 long 53.6438 NIMA/GNS names: Cham Sefid , Mazra`eh-ye Charm-e Sefid , چم سفید , مزرعه چرم سفید , VARIANT names: Mazra`eh-ye Charm-e Sefid , Mazra`eh-ye Jahangavi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 11744813 coordinate: lat 27.191513 long 55.70491 NIMA/GNS names: Mazra`eh-ye Jahangavi , مزرعه جهانوی , VARIANT names: Mazra`eh-ye Jahangavi , Mazra`eh-ye Jangi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 11749146 coordinate: lat 27.168936 long 55.727767 NIMA/GNS names: Mazra`eh-ye Jangi , مزرعه جنگی , VARIANT names: Janga , Jangwi , Mazra`eh-ye Jangi , ※ SOURCE for Janga « Janga » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} ※ SOURCE for Jangwi « Jangwi » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Mazra`eh-ye Kalantar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 247380 coordinate: lat 32.199468 long 54.103352 NIMA/GNS names: Mazra`eh-ye Kalantar , مزرعه کلانتر , VARIANT names: Mazra`eh-ye Kalantar , Mazra`eh-ye Molla Ahmed : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 248061 coordinate: lat 32.7265 long 52.8037 NIMA/GNS names: Mazra`eh-ye Molla , Mazra`eh-ye Molla Ahmad , Mazra`eh-ye Molla Ahmed , مزرعه ملا احمد , VARIANT names: Mazra`eh-ye Molla Ahmed , mazraeh ab khordan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.474087 long 53.286923 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Drinking water farm مزرعه آب خورون VARIANT names: mazraeh ab khordan , Mecca : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3096949 coordinate: lat 21.4266667 long 39.8261111 NIMA/GNS names: La Mecque , Macoraba , Makka , Makkah , Makkah al Mukarramah , Makkah al Mukarraman , Mecca , Mekka , VARIANT names: Ma-kia , Mecca , ※ SOURCE for Ma-kia #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 117, 122 note 13 Meharabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074653 coordinate: lat 34.201601 long 49.569097 NIMA/GNS names: Magriabad , Meharabad , Mehrabad , مگری آباد , مهر آباد , مهر آباد , VARIANT names: Meharabad , Mehrabad , ※ SOURCE for Mehrabad « At 8 miles the village of Mehrabad is passed, 2 miles to the left of the road. Mehrabad contains 200 houses. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 238 Mehran : stream grp 14 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3074670 coordinate: lat 26.753237 long 55.439771 NIMA/GNS names: Janah , Mehran , Rud-e Mehran , Rud-i-Mihran , Rudkhaneh-ye Mehran , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , رود مهران , رودخانه مهران , مهران , VARIANT names: Mehran , Mehran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074668 coordinate: lat 27.077172 long 54.568831 NIMA/GNS names: Asu , Mehran , Mihran , Mihran Saraj , آسو , مهران , VARIANT names: Mehran , ※ SOURCE for Mehran « Mehran » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} « Kholos » in {map#1132 in #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ fig. Abb. 4 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Yazd, Kerman und Hormozgan} Mehriz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074688 coordinate: lat 31.584279 long 54.442798 NIMA/GNS names: Mahriz , Mehriz , مهريز , مهريز , VARIANT names: Mehriz , Meriz , ※ SOURCE for Meriz « The town of Meriz is about mile off the left Gardens and cultivation about and people at work digging their fields. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 25 Mehrot River Bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.967996 long 44.881633 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: bridge , Mehrot River Bridge , ※ SOURCE for bridge « Nous passons un pont sous lequel coule un ruisseau, qui n'est qu'une eau détournée de la Diala. A droite sont quelques tombeaux [We pass a bridge under which flows a stream, which is only water diverted from the Diala. To the right are some tombs.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 221 Meidan-e Qaysarieh : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.683378 long 54.338857 VARIANT names: Meidan-e Qaysarieh , ※ SOURCE for Meidan-e Qaysarieh « Dieser 110 X 55 m messende Platz im Zentrum der Altstadt von Lar war ursprüng- lich nur durch vier Tore, von welchen sich zwei an der Nordseite zu beiden Seiten des Einganges zum Basar und je eines an der West- und Ostseite befanden, betretbar. An allen vier Seiten des Platzes befanden sich zahlreiche Kaufläden die sich zu diesem hin öffneten und denen eine Arkadenreihe vorgeblendet war, welche die gemauerten und über dem Platzniveau liegenden Gehsteige im Schatten ließ. Von dieser Anlage ist heute nur noch wenig erhalten. Die Säulenreihen sind im Erdbeben von 1960 umge- stürzt und wurden in der Folge beseitigt, ebenso wurden die ursprünglich 3,5 X 6,20 m messenden Läden umgebaut und modernisiert. Nur in einigen Läden ist noch das alte safavidische Bauschema mit Spitztonnengewölbe, Gurtbögen und Spitzbogennischen zu sehen. Gut erhalten sind noch drei der vier alten Zugänge zum Meidan, nur der öst- liche Zugang fiel dem Bau einer Durchgangsstraße zum Opfer. [This 110 x 55 m square in the center of the old town of Lar was originally only accessible through four gates, two of which were on the north side on both sides of the entrance to the bazaar and one on each of the west and east sides. On all four sides of the square there were numerous shops that opened onto it and were fronted by a row of arcades that left the brick sidewalks above the square level in shadow. Little of this complex remains today. The rows of columns collapsed in the earthquake of 1960 and were subsequently removed. The shops, which originally measured 3.5 x 6.20 m, were also rebuilt and modernized. Only in a few shops can you still see the old Safavid architectural scheme with pointed barrel vaults, belt arches and pointed arch niches. Three of the four old entrances to the Meidan are still well preserved; only the eastern entrance fell victim to the construction of a thoroughfare.] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p. 337 Meleh Shabanan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRMQ UFI: -3862286 coordinate: lat 33.523147 long 48.177964 NIMA/GNS names: Meleh Shabanan , Meleh Shabanan-e Do , مله شبانان , مله شبانان دو , VARIANT names: Meleh Shabanan , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 25.56473 long 55.555166 VARIANT names: Melugan , Melugan , Melungan , Mulugan , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Melugan AT Omm al-Gowain lat 25.56473 long 55.555166 [Tomaschek], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Melungan AT Hanjam I. lat 26.6447 long 55.8824 [Dames], ※ SOURCE for Melugan « Manche Insel namen lassen sich überhaupt nicht mehr bestimmen, so bei spielsweise die von Hekatius genannte Kύρη νήσος εν τ? Περσιχ? πόυτ? ( Steph. Byz.) ; oder die von Yâqût erwähnte Zîrbâd ; und einige von Barbósa angeführte Eilande, z.B. Guolar, Gory, Quiro und Melugan, Isola di Malugan, abbondante di varii simplici, erwähnt auch Gemelli Carneri, und es dürfte damit der arabische Küstenort Omm al-Gowain gemeint sein! [Some island names do not allow themselves to be determined any more, thus typically those called by Hecatius Kύρη νήσος εν τ? Περσιχ? πόυτ? ( Steph. Byz.) ; or that of Yâqût called Zîrbâd ; and some of Barbósa took Eilande, z.B. Guolar, Gory, Quiro and Melugan, Isola di Malugan, abounding in varii simplici, also possess Gemelli Carneri, and that is why the Arabian coast is called Omm al-Gowain!] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 51 « Nearly a century ago, W. Tomaschek suggested that the Isola di Malugan, one of the islands mentioned by Barbosa, should be identified with Umm al-Qaiwain (7). On the other hand, one should not underestimate the orthographic problems which are replete in Barbosa’s Libro. Barbosa’s original text was long known only from a corrupt Italian translation published by Giovanni Battista Ramusio in his Delle navigationi et viaggi (Venice, 1550-1559) which incorporated glosses and corrections not found in the original. A Portuguese version published in 1813 turns Arabic toponyms like Khor Faan into Profam, while a Spanish version in Barcelona gives a more accurate transcription Corfasan. As Beckingham has , there is no evidence that Barbosa ever visited Arabia, concluding that ‘what he has to say about Arabia is ... disappointing and has sometimes been taken more seriously than it deserves’ (8). Malugan may well represent a corruption of Musandam. On the other hand, the long island today known as Jazirat Siniyah which protects the Khor al-Baydah and Khor Umm al-Qaiwain from the open waters of the Gulf is also known as Jazirat Mallah (9), and this name may have given rise to either Malugan or Malquehoan, if not both. It seems certain that the previously unidentified Millicoe on the Homem-Reinels is yet another variant of Umm al-Qaiwain. It is located south of Talalhar/Julfar, just as Umm al-Qaiwain is south of Ras al Khaimah. Most probably Ommaguada on Nicolas Sanson’s 1652 Carte de I’Arabie pétrée, déserte et heureuse (10) is also Umm al-Quwain, though wrongly positioned too far down the Gulf (towards Abu Dhabi) and inland. fn. 7. Tomaschek W. Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat. Vienna: Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, phil.-hist. CL, 121: 1890: 51. fn. 8. Beckingham CF. Some notes on the Portuguese in Oman. JOS 6/1: 1983: 17. Cf. the uncritical acceptance of Barbosa's authority in matters Arabian in de Silva D. The Portuguese in Asia: An annotated bibliography of studies on Portuguese colonial history in Asia, 1498-c.1800. Zug: Bibliotheca Asiatica, 22: 1987: 246, who writes, 'For the Malabar Coast, East Africa, Arabia, Persia and Gujerat his account is detailed and generally very accurate. fn. 9. Ministry of Defence. Series 668, Sheet NG-40-104. London: Directory of Military Survey, 1970. » #869 Potts, D. T., The Gulf Coast of the United Arab Emirates in the Homem-Reinels Atlas of 1519, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 1996, 7:119-23 ~ p. 121 « As already mentioned, his translator and editor noted that the list of places he laid out as possessions of the Kingdom of Hormuz on the Persian coast included some places which were in fact on the Arabian coast and was otherwise “extremely confused” and obviously compiled “without personal knowledge.”(62) Indeed, the identity of a number of islands listed by Barbosa cannot actually be determined or appear to refer to towns on the coast.(63) fn. 62 Dames, Book of Duarte Barbosa, Vol. 1, 75. fn. 63 Ibid., Vol. 1, 79, note 1. These include, for example, Quiro, Melugan and Gory. » #2583 Charles L.O. Buderi, Luciana T. Ricart, The Iran-UAE Gulf Islands Dispute A Journey Through International Law, History and Politics, Brill, Leiden, 2018, ~ p. 281 ※ SOURCE for Melugan « The Melungan ot Ramusio, Melugān of the Spanish version, may be Hanjam I. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002, ~ vol. 1 p. 81 footnote ※ SOURCE for Melungan « fn.1 The list here given of the islands in the Persian Gulf gives all the principal islands which can be identified at present, with the exception of Kais, which was not subject to the rulers of Hormuz. The Spanish version and Ramusio give longer lists, adding the name of Cuyx or Ouixi (Kais) and three other unidentified islands, Quiro or Quuro, Melugan or Melungan, and Gory or Cori. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol. 1 pp. 79-80 ※ SOURCE for Mulugan « Mulugan (29 E. 36 E. 38a E, 60 E. 61 El : Kharg / Khark ? Mulugan I. (62 El: Kharg / Khark? » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006, ~ index p. 426 « Mulugan » in {map#1154 Map of Persia from his book of geography published by Van Meurs, Amsterdam, Dr. Olfert Dapper, 1672, Atlas of Mutual Heritage,Netherlands} « Mulugan » in {map#914 Persia Sive Sophorum Regnum, Blaeu (Willem And Jan), 1640, Barry Lawrence Ruderman stock# 44360} menar milo shehar gor : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.852865 long 52.53242 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: menar milo shehar gor , ※ SOURCE for menar milo shehar gor « Fire Temple Sassani d Gour (ancient cit) reg. no. 28 date 9 December 19, 137 Other uses have also been speculated for it. » online reference link [accessed 31 Dec 2024] Mendali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3108234 coordinate: lat 33.7436111 long 45.5463889 NIMA/GNS names: Mandali , Mendali , Mendeli , VARIANT names: Mando , Mendali , ※ SOURCE for Mando « Three days later [ 458/1] we reached the City of Mando,10 whence, according to some Arabian writers, the Turks derive their origin. » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ vol. 2 p. 367 « #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824,18 vols~ » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 219 Merdebat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.627137 long 51.725801 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: the road from Gulnabad veers to the south and the river VARIANT names: Merdebat , ※ SOURCE for Merdebat « Unser erste Nachtruhe/war unter freien Himmel im Dorffe Merdebat, am Flusse Senderu, eine Meilweges von Spahan. Den 19. Julii blieben wir noch daselbst. [Our first night's rest was under the open sky in the village of Merdebat, on the Senderu River, a mile from Spahan. We stayed there until July 19th.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 61/190 pdf. Mesen : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074232 coordinate: lat 26.742778 long 56.005833 NIMA/GNS names: Masen , Mesen , Mosen , مسن , VARIANT names: Maçim , Mesen , ※ SOURCE for Maçim « Der zweite Ankerplatz Nearchs an der Südküste der Insel fullt auf den Ort Sûzâ, portugies. Xuza, Juza; 6 Miles weiter liegt der Ankerplatz Mesen, Maçim bei Barbosa [Nearch's second anchorage on the south coast of the island is in Sûzâ, portuguese. Xuza, Juza; 6 miles further is the anchorage Mesen, Maçim near Barbosa] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 49 ※ SOURCE for Mesen « Der zweite Ankerplatz Nearchs an der Südküste der Insel fullt auf den Ort Sûzâ, portugies. Xuza, Juza; 6 Miles weiter liegt der Ankerplatz Mesen, Maçim bei Barbosa [Nearch's second anchorage on the south coast of the island is in Sûzâ, portuguese. Xuza, Juza; 6 miles further is the anchorage Mesen, Maçim near Barbosa] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 49 Meshed : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074261 coordinate: lat 36.298072 long 59.605671 NIMA/GNS names: Mashad , Mashhad , Meshed , مشهد , VARIANT names: Mash-had , Meshed , Meshed , ※ SOURCE for Mash-had « We were all glad to leave Mash-had, a place so frequently described by writers, from Tavernier and Chardin to the present time, that detailed mention of it might now be superfluous. The dampness of the season and noxious exhalations made the garden, however large and luxuriant, and notwithstanding its privacy and many advantages, an ineligible spot for residence under canvas. And the presence of the shrine affected our establishment to the detriment of efficiency. With few exceptions its members were insensibly led to what in the eyes of a European observer would be the verge of demoralisation. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 83 ※ SOURCE for Meshed owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Meshed, 59.59861, 36.305, IR, nkn, exact, 98, tmcIRa0100_015a » Mevizabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.577505 long 52.550095 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mevizabad , ※ SOURCE for Mevizabad « Before leaving Ferhadabad, I took various bearings of objects in the vicinity of Shiraz, which it may be useful to detail, premising that my position was at about 1 mile from the town, on a bearing of 25° E. Village, Kaleh Mahomed Sherif Khan. 175° 3½ miles distant. Village, Mevizabad 185° 3½ miles distant. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 149 Meyan Deh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074879 coordinate: lat 28.717496 long 53.857632 NIMA/GNS names: Eslamabad , Meyan Deh , Mian Deh , Miandeh , Miyan Deh , اسلام آباد , میان ده , میانده , VARIANT names: Meyan Deh , Mian-deh , ※ SOURCE for Mian-deh « Mian-deh » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Meyan Kuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3074911 coordinate: lat 32.7415 long 48.8315 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Miankuh , Meyan Kuh , Mian Kuh , کوه میانکوه , VARIANT names: Meyan Kuh , Meybod Caravanserai Yazd : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.227925 long 54.009194 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Meybod Caravanserai Yazd , ※ SOURCE for Meybod Caravanserai Yazd online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] Meydanak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: AREA UFI: 10378984 coordinate: lat 28.0126 long 52.8548 NIMA/GNS names: Meydanak , میدانک , VARIANT names: Meydanak , Meydan-e Naftun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074796 coordinate: lat 31.976944 long 49.318333 NIMA/GNS names: Maidan-i-Naftun , Meydan-e Naft , Meydan-e Naftun , VARIANT names: Maidan-i-Naftun , Meydan-e Naftun , ※ SOURCE for Maidan-i-Naftun « GURGHIR-MAIDAN-I-NAFTUN, 2 hours (by car).Track to Yamaha. Made roads thence to Fields. » #3530 Vita Sackville West, Twelve Days An Account of a Journey Across the Bakhtiari Mountains in South-Western Persia, Doubleday, Doran and Co.,, 1928 ~ p. 141 Meydasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CRRL UFI: 10334593 coordinate: lat 28.2826 long 52.2775 NIMA/GNS names: Meydasht , میدشت , VARIANT names: Bagh-i-Midasht , Cham-i-Miandasht , Cham-i-Miyandasht , Meydasht , Mian Dasht , Mian Decht , Moudecht , Mudescht , ※ SOURCE for Bagh-i-Midasht « Bagh-i-Midasht » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad H-39W 1948} ※ SOURCE for Cham-i-Miandasht « 4 Cham-I-Miandasht 18 m. Past Bairust 2 miles, Gabri 6 miles. Imamzadeh Sawar-i- 85 m. Ghaib or Shith Savar 7 miles, then over low pass to Cham-i- Miandasht drained by stream flowing E. to Münd, no permanent population. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 173 ※ SOURCE for Cham-i-Miyandasht « Cham-i-Miyandasht » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad H-39W 1948} ※ SOURCE for Mian Dasht « Mian Dasht » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} « Mian Dasht » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} ※ SOURCE for Mian Decht « et nous descendons dans une vallée, large d'environ trois kilomètres, allant de l'est à l'ouest. Elle portre le nom de Mian Decht. Elle ne semble avoir aucun cours d'eau mais elle est parsemée de nombreuses palmeraies. [we descend into a valley, about three kilometers wide, running from east to west. It bears the name of Mian Decht. It does not seem to have any watercourses but it is dotted with numerous palm groves.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 134 ※ SOURCE for Moudecht « Moudecht » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 492 ※ SOURCE for Mudescht « Mudescht » in {map#1235 in #3190 Alexander Supan, August Petermann, Hermann Haack, Nikolaus Creutzburg, Paul Langhans, Petermann's geographische Mittheilungen Ergänzungsheft, Justus Perthes, 1885 ~ fig. Übersichtskarte der Verkehrs-Verhältnisse von Persien.} Meydasht fort ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.304103 long 52.247884 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: fort ? ruins, approx 10.5m square, 2.5m round towers each coner, opening south side, west and east walls aligned 24° eastof north. VARIANT names: Meydasht fort ? , Meydavud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074801 coordinate: lat 31.388901 long 49.859993 NIMA/GNS names: Mai Daud , Mai Daud Bala , Meidavood Olya , Mey Davuud-e Bala , Meydavod-e `Olya , Meydavud , Meydavud `Olya , Meydavud Bala , Meydavud-e `Olya , Meydavud-e Bala , میداود علیا , VARIANT names: Mei-Daoud , Meydavud , ※ SOURCE for Mei-Daoud « We descended from these barren hills into the rich and well-cultivated plain of Meï-Daoud, then covered with green crops. It was inhabited by a Bakhtiyari tribe called Mombeni, whose chief, Mulla Fezi, was known as the 'kalunter.' We could see in the distance his castle, on the river Ala, but did not go out of our way to it. We passed many ruins, apparently of the Sassanian epoch, which showed that this part of the province of Khu-zistan must anciently have been thickly peopled. The hills surrounding this plain abound in white gypsum, which the Bakhtiyari call 'getchi-oina' (looking-glass limestone). » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol.1 p. 462 Meymand (Fars) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074824 coordinate: lat 28.8678 long 52.7533 NIMA/GNS names: Maimand , Meymand , Meymand-e Olya , میمند , VARIANT names: Maiman , Maimand , Maymand , Meiman , Meymand (Fars) , Mimand , ※ SOURCE for Maiman « Maiman » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} « Among the giftswhich he made to him were one hundred of the villages ofJamakan, which is a [valley like a] trench between twomountains, twenty-four farsakhs in length and traversed by a great river, with the villages ranged on both sides of it.(114)This is the finest place in the [region of] Shiraz, and among its larger villages, which are equal in size to towns, is Maiman; this belongs to the qādi of whom we have been speaking. (115) One of the curious things about this place called Jamakan is that the half of it which is contiguous with Shiraz-namely, for the distance of twelve farsakhs-is exceedingly cold. The snow falls there and the majority of the trees are walnuts. But the other half, which | is contiguous to the land of Hunj Ubal and the country of al-Lar, (116) on the way to Hurmuz, is exceedingly hot, and there the majority of the trees are date palms. fn. 114 The Ribat of Jam(a)kan is placed by Mustawafi (trans., 176) 5 farsakhs south of Kavar and 6 farsakhs north of Mimand, i.e., near the modern Zanjirån. Ibn Battūta has apparently confused the name with that of Simkan, a district 6 farsakhs in length lying midway between Mimand and Karzin drained by a right-bank affluent of the Sakkan (Mand) river, since on his return journey in 1347 (vol. IV. p. 311, Arabic) he places Jamakan between these two places: cf. Schwarz, III, 71-2. Mimand, to the east of Firûzābād, is Ibn Battuta's Maiman. His division of the valley into a hot region and a cold region probably derives from the traditional division of Fars into the Garmsir ('Hot Lands') and Sardsir ('Cold Lands'), originally a south-north division, but later on distinguishing the coastal lowlands from the interior highlands (see G. Le Strange, Lands of the Eastern Caliphate (Cambridge, 1905), 249). fn. 115 According to the Persian Guide to Shiraz (Bahman Karimi, Räknumayi Athar-i Tarikh-i Shiraz (Tehran, 1327 Sh.), 55), the township of Mimand was constituted by Tashi Khātün (below, p. 307, n. 121) a waqf-endowment for the tomb-mosque called Shah Chiragh (below, p. 313, n. 135), and still is so.fn. 116 See below, p. 405. » #1103 Marco Polo and Rustichello of Pisa, The Travels of Marco Polo: The Complete Yule-Cordier Edition, Dover Publications inc., New York, 1993, 2 vols ~ pp. 304-5 « Nous marchâmes ce jour-là cinq farsangs pour atteindre Maïman, village situé dans une plaine bien arrosée et qui a de vastes vergers [That day we walked five farsangs to reach Maïman, a village located in a well-watered plain and which has vast orchards.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p520 ※ SOURCE for Maimand « Maimand » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 Shiraz 1936} « Maimand consists of 3 villages: Üliva and Suflä (otherwise called Deh Bälä and Deh Pain) and Shabänkärch, and is famous for its rose-gardens, producing all the rose-water ex- posted from the S. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 480 ※ SOURCE for Maymand « Maymand.(1) A small town of the hot region, where fruits of all kinds grow, especially most excellent grapes. There are running streams, and the climate is more temperate than in the other towns of the hot region. There is here a mosque for the Friday prayers. fn. 1 There is a Maymand to the east of Firūzābād (see FNN. 305). But possibly the chief town of the Naband District is intended, lying on the coust to the east of Strüf, as mentioned by Istakhri (p. 104). This is no longer to be found on the map. » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ p. 327 « Jukan を?ぎると、道はShabankārah and Maymandへ?じる ???道との???に?する。Jūkānは. Mustawfi Qazwini が Rubāt Jamkän (Ribat-i Jam- akān)と記している地?と一?す [After Jukan the road reaches a junction with a dirt road leading to Shabankārah and Maymand. Jūkān corresponds to a place name recorded by Mustawfi Qazwini as Rubāt Jamkān (Ribat-i Jamakān).] » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ p. 37 ※ SOURCE for Meiman « Meimân 6 Farsangs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Meymand (Fars) « Meymand » in {map#1180 Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars, , , #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~} « Meymand in route Lingah to Shiraz» #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 344 ※ SOURCE for Mimand « Mimand VI C4 Id. à l'Ouest de Firüzābād Iran. Cité de la circonscription d'Ardašir - Hurra. I 104; H 267; Hur 44; F 201; Muq 52 1 422. Yaq IV, 718; LS 258. » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 54 « Arrajan, - Qustan, Dariyan, Mahrūban, (13) Jannabah, Siniz , Balasābūr, Hinduwān. Sirāf, — Jur, Mimand, Naband, as-Simakān , Khabr, Khawaristan, al- Ghundijän, Kurän , Samirän, Zirabadh, Najiram, Naband-Din or the lower, Sura (14), Ras Kishm. Darābajird, -Takistān or Tabistān , al- Kurdibān, Kurm, Yazdakhawast, 15 Rustaqu- r- Rustaq, Burk, Azbaräli, Sinan, Juwaim- Abi-fn. 13 Or Mahruban fn. 14 Called also Sirü and Süru. fn. 16 Or, according to the Persian pronunciation, Yazdakhast. » #3135 Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Muqaddasi ed. George Speirs Alexander Ranking, Ahsānu-t-taqāsim Fi Ma?rifati-l-aqālim Volume 1, Parts 1–4, Asiatic Society of Bengal, New Series, No. 899, Calcutta, 1897 ~ p. 91 « On lit dans le Moschtarik: Mimand est un des villages de Ghaznah. Abou- l-Hasan Ali ben Ahmad al-Mimandi en porte le nom d'origine. C'est le vizir de Mahmoud ben Subuktikin¹. Il y a aussi un village appelé Mimand dans le Fårs. Une personne qui l'a visité rapporte que c'est un petit village, sans mu- raille, où le noyer, le pommier, l'abricotier et la vigne croissent en abondance et où l'eau est amenée par un canal souterrain. Ce village est à deux marches à l'est de Djour et à deux marches au sud-sud-ouest de Schiraz. [We read in the Moschtarik: Mimand is one of the villages of Ghaznah. Aboul-l-Hasan Ali ben Ahmad al-Mimandi bears the original name. He is the vizier of Mahmoud ben Subuktikin¹. There is also a village called Mimand in Fårs. A person who visited it reports that it is a small village, without a wall, where walnut trees, apple trees, apricot trees and vines grow in abundance and where water is brought by an underground canal. This village is two marches east of Djour and two marches south-southwest of Shiraz.] »#3136 Abū al-Fidā' Ismā?il ibn ?Ali, Joseph Toussaint Reinaud, Géographie d'Aboulféda Volumes 1–2, A l'imprimerie Nationale, Paris, 1848 ~ Tome II parte 2 p. 203 Meymand (Kirman) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074825 coordinate: lat 30.2295 long 55.3756 NIMA/GNS names: Maimand , Meymand , میمند , VARIANT names: Meymand (Kirman) , ※ SOURCE for Meymand (Kirman) « A village in Kirman, situated on the banks of a stream, in a gorge, 3 miles north-west of the road from Bahramabad to Shiraz, and 38 miles from the former town. (Preece, 1892.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 p. 727 Meymeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074829 coordinate: lat 33.4462 long 51.1682 NIMA/GNS names: Meimeh , Meymeh , میمه , VARIANT names: Meymeh , Mian Dasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3779758 coordinate: lat 35.599473 long 59.335139 NIMA/GNS names: Mian Dasht , Robat-e Meyandasht , Robat-e Mian Dasht , رباط میان دشت , VARIANT names: Mian Dasht , Mian Dasht old road : arch. site IRN UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 28.313916 long 52.285908 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: cannot identify location. VARIANT names: Mian Dasht old road , ※ SOURCE for Mian Dasht old road « C'est en descendant cette montagne vers la plaine de Miãn Dasht que nous avons eu l'occasion d'observer un tronçon du pavement ancien de cette voie (pl. XIX b), composé de grandes pierres de taille. Celles situées sur le bord de la route et celles qui constituent le mur de soutènement sont soigneuse- ment ajustées et sont, d'une façon générale, de dimensions plus grandes. [It was while descending this mountain towards the plain of Miãn Dasht that we had the opportunity to observe a section of the ancient pavement of this road (pl. XIX b), composed of large cut stones. Those located on the edge of the road and those which constitute the retaining wall are carefully adjusted and are, generally speaking, of larger dimensions.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 170 Mian Jangal : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: AREA UFI: 10394474 coordinate: lat 29.1354 long 53.3942 NIMA/GNS names: Mian Jangal , میان جنگل , VARIANT names: Jangal-i-Mamui , Mamui , Mamuj , Meyanjangal , Mian Jangal , ※ SOURCE for Jangal-i-Mamui « Jangal-i-Mamui5 miles S. E. of Fasa.16 miles S. of Fasä on road to Darab.The plain, now deserted, on which stands the Mian-i-Janga! sarai, 15 miles N. W. of Fasa, or road to Shiraz. Several deserted villages on it formerly belonging to Qawami family. » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 162 ※ SOURCE for Mamui « La sera fatta già notte, partii da quel caravanserai Mamui, conducendo meco il Portoghese, e seguitai il mio viaggio. [When the evening was already dark, I left from that Mamui caravanserai, taking the Portuguese with me, and continued my journey.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ pt. 2 p. 361 ※ SOURCE for Mamuj « Fatta già notte scura, ricaricammo di nuovo, e'l sabbato a tre ore e forse più di giorno, avendo camminato più di sei leghe, ci ſermammo a riposare in un caravanserai disabitato e fabbricato in luogo de- serto, che lo chiamano Mamuj. [Once night had already fallen, we reloaded again, and on Saturday at three hours and perhaps more during the day, having walked more than six leagues, we stopped to rest in an uninhabited caravanserai built in a deserted place, which they call Mamuj.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ pt. 2 p. 356 ※ SOURCE for Meyanjangal « Meyanjangal » in {map#1192 in #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ fig. Map showing road from Shiraz to Jashk sheet 1} « After crossing the stream, for 4 miles the road passed through a semi-sort of jungle of the above trees until reaching ?? Meyan-Jangal. This is but a ruined caravanserai in the middle??of the plain, as its name indicates. A Tofangchi tower has been built out of the débris. Facing what was the doorway of the caravanserai, about 20 yards away, is an Imam-Zadeh. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 4 Mian Jangal caravanserai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.143424 long 53.433163 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mian Jangal caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Mian Jangal caravanserai « After crossing the stream, for 4 miles the road passed through a semi-sort of jungle of the above trees until reaching Meyan-Jangal. This is but a ruined caravanserai in the middle of the plain, as its name indicates. A Tofangchi tower has been built out of the débris. Facing what was the doorway of the caravanserai, about 20 yards away, is an Imám-Zádeh. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 4 « From Tachu the road runs over stony undulating ground under the steep slope of the Küh-i-Kharman, which is situated about 14 to 2 miles distant. A dry water-course runs to the E., parallel to the road and about a mile S. of it. At 150 miles the road crosses this water-course. At 20½ miles a ruined village lies close to the S. of the road; near it is a small pond filled by a qanat.. The remainder of the route lies over a stony undulating plain dotted over with small bushes. Mian Jangal, at 25 miles, is a small caravanserai. Water. Good supply from a stream miles W-of the caravanserai. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 161 « Mian Jangal (1) lat. 29° 8' N.; long. 53° 25' E.; elev. 5,710'.A ruined caravanserai in the Sarvistān district of Fars, and 164 miles from Sarvistän village on the road to Fasa. Out of the debris of the caravanserai a tufangchi tower has been built, and, facing what used to be the doorway, at 20 yards distance, is an imāmzadeh.-(Abbott-Preece, 1884.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 L-Z p. 725 « The heat during the day was now becoming oppressive to man and beast, but I determined to wait for broad daylight before going on. Halfway to Sarvistan is a ruined caravanserai named Mian Jangal and here a halt might be made, if the cattle seemed unable to get through the whole stage of twenty-seven miles. Here also I hoped to find some one to take a message to the Kashkais, who, I was sure from experience would not knowingly touch my property. Accordingly, after getting a few matchlock-men from the village as a guard against minor pilferers, we started off our miscellaneous caravan of horses, asses, mules and camels, and rode on in front to Mian Jangal as an advanced guard. The caravanserai so swarmed with fleas and gad-flies that to stay there would have been misery to man and beast and the donkeys coming up pretty fast, we made a push for Sarvistan. » #3187 Eastern Persia : an account of the journeys of the Persian boundary commission, 1870-71-72, Macmillan and Co., London, 1876 ~ vol. 1 p. 109-10 « Mian Jangal lat. 29 7 long. 53 3015 miles W. of Fasa; good sarai: Imāmz. Isma'il close by: a little cultivation: it is half way between. Fasa and Sarvistān: Basiri (Sarvgari) tribesmen cultivate a little land near by. » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 163 « Mian Kutal - lat. 29° 32'38" (St. John); long. 52°0' E.; elev. 5,600,A caravanserai in Färs, 49 miles west of Shiraz by road, and 21 miles east of Kāzarün. There is a considerable spring of excellent water here, which gushed out in streams springing from the face of a precipitous cliff, about 600 yards above the serai and, flowing across the plains, caused, at some 2 or 3 miles distance, a marshy lake. In summer, however, the volume is not great. The serai is a good one, situated in a commanding position on a natural terrace, some 200 to 300 yards square. Behind the serai are the ruins of an old one the roofs of which are more or less intact. Pelly thinks Mian Kutal is the first point on the road from Büshire, where the climate can be considered such as would suit the European constitution during the hot season. There is no village near this, nor are any supplies obtainable except a little straw, but the caravanserai would accommodate 500 men, and there is camping-ground for 500 or more on the plateau. The arrangements for watering animals need improvement. The surround-ing hills are covered with open forest, so fuel would be procurable.-(Taylor- St. John-Clark-Hardy-Pelly-Newcomen, 1905-Gibbon, 1908.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 L-Z p. 725 Mian Kotal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074908 coordinate: lat 29.559546 long 51.917192 NIMA/GNS names: Meyan Kotal , Mian Kotal , Miyan Kutal , Sara-ye Mian Kotal , میان کتل , VARIANT names: Mian Kotal , ※ SOURCE for Mian Kotal « Mian Kotal » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} « The valley is closed by the huge mass of the Pirazan. Half-way up is the caravansarai of Mian Kotal. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 « This is not so steep in any part as those formerly encountered, but it compensates for this by the unutterable vileness of the track. Half-way up the pass is the little caravanserai of Mian Kotal, and as we reached this at the end of our hard day, the sun sank in a glory of silver and green and blue. The longlooked- for crescent moon, hanging in the purple sky to show that Ramazan was over, and the shimmer of snow over all the hills around, promised a bitter night. Here, as I was unable to make use of the telegraph rest-room, I had to avail myself of the ordinary hospitality extended to travellers by the Persian caravanserai. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 111 Mian Qal`eh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074924 coordinate: lat 30.0537 long 52.7552 NIMA/GNS names: Estakhri , Kuh Qal`eh , Kuh-e Qal`eh , Kuh-i-Qal`eh , Mian Qal`eh , Miyan Qal`eh , میان قلعه , کوه قلعه , VARIANT names: Mian Kaleh , Mian Qal`eh , ※ SOURCE for Mian Kaleh « Mian Kaleh » in {map#1245 in #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ fig. Route-kaart voor de reis van het gezantschap Cunaeus van Bender Abbas (Gamron) naar Isfahan (1652)} Miandeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074878 coordinate: lat 28.5192 long 54.419 NIMA/GNS names: Meyandeh , Miandeh , Miyan Deh , میانده , VARIANT names: Miandeh , Mian-deh , ※ SOURCE for Mian-deh « Mian-deh » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Miankatel Caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.5577 long 51.908369 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Miankatel Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Miankatel Caravanserai « Miankatel Caravanserai is one of the buildings of the Safavid era in Kazeroon. This caravanserai is the only stone caravanserai in Iran [1] and it is located in Baram plain. This caravanserai was built by the order of Shah Abbas Safavi, and for this reason it is also called Shah Abbasi Caravanserai. The total area of this large building, which has a rectangular plan, is about 3500 square meters, of which 2500 square meters are the basement of the cells around the central courtyard. The main feature of this caravanserai .is its special facade and walls, which are entirely made of a stone called Malon (marl) » online reference link [accessed 24 May 2024] Mifra Kaſi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.738791 long 52.99269 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location approximate assuming route taken is the right one. VARIANT names: Mifra Kaſi , ※ SOURCE for Mifra Kaſi « The night of the following day, we continued our journey until we rested at the village of Mifra Kaſi, on the Bagabudi square. The entire village was hewn into rock and promised the inhabitants hardly as much pleasure in the nearby vineyards as discomfort due to the usual cold. » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 62 Mihrakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074665 coordinate: lat 26.761571 long 54.838481 NIMA/GNS names: Mehragan-e `Olya , Mehragan-e Bala , Mehrakan-e Bala , Mihrakan , مهرگان بالا , مهرگان عليا , مهرکان بالا , VARIANT names: Meirakum , Mihrakan , ※ SOURCE for Meirakum « People are visible ploughing the ground in all directions, and bullocks are seen drawing water. At 6 miles enter the village of Meirakum. At 9-45 temperature 63°. Population 200. Supplies wheat and firewood in small quanities. Water from wells, about 60 feet deep, is abundant; there are at least 12 in the immediate vicinity. Several of the people living here have formerly resided in Bombay, ... After a two hours' halt leave Meirakum, and at 6 miles pass a few huts and 3 wells on the right of the road. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 2 Mihu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3195905 coordinate: lat 27.9222 long 52.5163 NIMA/GNS names: Mayyu , Mihu , میو , VARIANT names: Mihu , Mil Naderi Fahraj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.078573 long 59.150916 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mil Naderi Fahraj , ※ SOURCE for Mil Naderi Fahraj « At 9 miles from Tum-i-reg is a strong tower of kiln-burnt bricks, between 50 and 60 feet high, said to have been constructed by Nadir Shah. From the summit, reached by a spiral staircase, a view of the surrounding country may be obtained, but the panorama is not recommended by variety. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 69 Mil-e Naderi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: TOWR UFI: -3075023 coordinate: lat 29.078852 long 59.151112 NIMA/GNS names: Meyl Naderi , Mil-e Naderi , Mil-i-Nadir , Mil-i-Nadiri , Owzhang Mil-e Nader , میل نادری , VARIANT names: Mil-e Naderi , ※ SOURCE for Mil-e Naderi « The first of two towers perhaps constructed AD 1073 or later. The second lies on the road past Shurgaz » #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975, ~ p. 272 Mil-e Qazi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 176672 coordinate: lat 28.878771 long 53.527237 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e Mil-e Qazi , Mil-e Qazi , کوه میل قاضی , VARIANT names: Mil-e Qazi , Mil-i Qazi , ※ SOURCE for Mil-i Qazi « Mil-i Qazi » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Mileiha : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: WLLS UFI: -783704 coordinate: lat 25.166667 long 55.8 NIMA/GNS names: Mileihah , Miliaha , Mulayhah , VARIANT names: Mileiha , Mleiha , ※ SOURCE for Mileiha « On the basis of a correlation between this and a general soil survey an area was selected in 1966 in the Tawi Mileiha area near Jebel Faiah for a more detailed water survey.» #6 Hawley, Donald, The Trucial States, Allen and Unwin, London, 1970 ~ ※ SOURCE for Mleiha « The most important site of this period in the United Arab Emirates is Mleiha. The site is located on a well-watered inland plain just west of the lower ranges of the Hajar mountains in an area traditionally known as az-Zahirah.(2) It lies some 20 km. south of the modern town of Dayd and 50 km. east of the city of Sharjah. The plain on which Mleiha is located is one of the most important areas of inland settlement in the northern Emirates. It is bounded on the west by a belt of deep sand, where modern settlement is sporadic, which separates it from the southern Gulf coast. To the east, the mountains of Oman likewise fn. 2 For the traditional names of the subregions of the Oman peninsula, see Salil-Ibn-Razik, History of the Imams and Seyyids of 'Oman, ed. G. P. Badger (London, 1871), p. v. » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ vol. 2 p. 264 « Looking to the south, the broad parallels between the Qeshm Island material and pottery from south-eastern Arabia are clear, and draw on a considerable volume of material excavated within the last 30 years. For example, the shapes, designs and technical characteristics of some potsherds are comparable to Umm an-Nar wares recovered from the third-millennium BC settlements and especially burials of the U.A.E. and Oman, for example, at Umm an-Nar Island in Abu Dhabi,(32) Hili in Al-Ain,(33) Al Sufouh in Dubai,(34) Tell Abraq, Jebel al-Emaleh, Mleiha and Jebel al-Buhais in Sharjah,(35) Mowaihat in Ajman,(36) and Unar-2 at Shimal in Ra’s al-Khaimah.(37) fn. 32 Frifelt, Third Millennium Graves, The Third Millennium Settlement. fn. 33 Al-Tikriti, "Reconsideration of the Late Fourth Millennium"; Cleuziou, Méry, and Vogt, Protohistoire de l'Oasis d'al-Ain. fn. 34 Benton, Excavations at Al Sufouh. fn. 35 Potts, A Prehistoric Mound, Further Excavations at Tell Abraq, Ancient Magan, "In the Beginning: Marhashi; Benton and Potts, Jebel al-Emaleh; Jasim, "Third Millennium Culture"; The Necropolis of Jebel al-Buhais. fn. 36 Al-Tikriti, "Umm an-Nar Culture; Haerinck, "The Rectangular Umm an-Nar Period Grave." fn. 37 Carter, "Umm an-Nar 2 and Its Ceramics." » #2880 Alireza Khosrowzadeh, Abolfazl Aali and Lloyd Weeks, Newly Discovered Bronze Age Archaeological Sites on Qeshm Island, Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 2017 55:2:120-142 ~ p. 131 Milgeh-e Baba Khan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075029 coordinate: lat 33.951 long 46.5565 NIMA/GNS names: Dartang , Mileh Gah-e Babakhani , Milgeh-e Baba Khan , Milgeh-e Baba Khani , Millehga , Millehgeh , درتنگ , ميلگه بابا خان , میله گه باباخانی , VARIANT names: Milgeh-e Baba Khan , Milgeh-e Seyfollah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10105156 coordinate: lat 33.9478 long 46.5456 NIMA/GNS names: Mileh Gah-e Sofla Baba'i , Milehgah , Milehgeh , Milgeh-e Seyfollah , Milgeh-e Siah Siah , ميلگه سياه سياه , ميلگه سيف الله , میله گر سفلی بابائی , VARIANT names: Milgeh-e Seyfollah , Mil-i-Nadiri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3195908 coordinate: lat 29.266667 long 59.45 NIMA/GNS names: Mil-e Nader , Mil-i-Nadiri , Owzhang Mil-e Nader , او?نگ ميل نادر , ميل نادر , VARIANT names: Mil-i-Nadiri , ※ SOURCE for Mil-i-Nadiri « The second lies on the road past Shurgaz » #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975, ~ p. 272 « Between Shor Gez and Gurg is another tower, in ruins, and a very old Rabát or caravanseri. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 69 mill : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.759505 long 53.049235 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: mill , Millicoe : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 25.56473 long 55.555166 VARIANT names: Millicoe , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Millicoe AT Umm al Qaiwain lat 25.56473 long 55.555166 [Potts], ※ SOURCE for Millicoe « It seems certain that the previously unidentified Millicoe on the Homem-Reinels is yet another variant of Umm al-Qaiwain. It is located south of Talalhar/Julfar, just as Umm al-Qaiwain is south of Ras al Khaimah. » #869 Potts, D. T., The Gulf Coast of the United Arab Emirates in the Homem-Reinels Atlas of 1519, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 1996, 7:119-23 ~ p. 121 Mimand (Le Strange) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.425731 long 52.773217 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Mimand (Le Strange) , ※ SOURCE for Mimand (Le Strange) « To the westward of Sif 'Umarah along the sea-shore was the Zuhayr coast, of which Kuran, inland, was the chief town, Straf, and Näband being its famous harbours; and the region went as far as Najiram beyond the mouth of the Sakkan river. Inland of this was the Irahistan district. According to Istakhri, Kuran produced an edible clay, green in colour, that tasted like beet- root. Mustawfi counts Kuran as of Îrähistan, and says its lands only produced dates. Due south of it was the district and town of Mimand, not far from the port of Naband, which last stood at the head of a creek known as the Khawr or Khalij of Naband. Mimand, according to Mustawfi, produced quantities of grapes, also other fruits of the hot region, and it was famous for its clever craftsmen'. »#895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 258 « Mimand » in {map#1138 in #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905 ~ fig. Map VI Provinces of Fars and Kirman} Mina Sitt 4 : arch. site OMN UTM: DE359066 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2777275575379 long 56.3579885423336 VARIANT names: Mina Sitt 4 , ※ SOURCE for Mina Sitt 4 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 34 Minab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075046 coordinate: lat 27.131043 long 57.087159 NIMA/GNS names: Minab , ميناب , VARIANT names: K'u-lu-ma-la , Menao , Mina , Minab , Minao , ※ SOURCE for K'u-lu-ma-la « Minab town, 27° 09' N, 57° 05'E? » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 2 p. 298 ※ SOURCE for Menao « MENAO, lugar de Minab, em 27° 10' lat. N. e 57° 05' long. E., na margem do rio do mesmo nome, que desagua no estreito de Ormuz. [Diogo do Couto - Da Asia]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 261 ※ SOURCE for Mina « De haven of burght van Kombru, is twee dagh-reizens van Mina. Zy wierd eertijts alzoo by de Portugeſen genoemt; maer namaels Abaffi geheten, zedert de Perſiaenſe koningh Abbas hen die had afgenomen. [The harbor or fortress of Kombru is two days' journey from Mina. It was once called that way by the Portuguese; but called Namaels Abaffi, the Persian king Abbas said to those who had taken it away.] » #3232 Olfert Dapper, Asia, of Naukeurige beschryving van het rijk des Grooten Mogols, en een groot gedeelte van Indiën ... 't Koningryk van Persie., J. van Meurs, Amsterdam, 1672 ~ p. 73 ※ SOURCE for Minab « Shahvar in the centre of it. The village seems very fairly prosperous; got out of the grove at 10-5 A.M., and came on to the bed of Minab river, with the town of Mináb on the far side, where we arrived at 10-15 Α.Μ. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 27 ※ SOURCE for Minao « MINAO, fortaleza de - V. Menao, lugar de. [Diogo do Couto - Da Asia]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 268 « "The town and fort of Minao lie to the N.E. of the ancient city, and are built upon the lowest spur of the Bashkurd mountains, commanding a gorge through which the Rudbar river debouches on the plain of Hormuzdia." In these new and interesting particulars it is pleasing to find such precise corroboration both of Edrisi and of Ibn Batuta. The former, writing in the 12th century, says that Hormuz stood on the banks of a canal or creek from the Gulf, by which vessels came up to the city. The latter specifies the breadth of sea between Old and New Hormuz as three farsakhs. (Edrisi, I. 424; I. B. II. 230.) » #2066 Yule, Henry, Sir, The book of Ser Marco Polo, the Venetian : concerning the kingdoms and marvels of the East, J. Murray, London, 1903 ~ vol. 1 p. 111 « 20. The contentions for the succession, between the members of the Muskat family, threw the Gulf into a state of great confusion : the Joasmees captured two vessels (the Shannon and Trimmer), belonging to Mr. Manisty, with public despatches, and treated the commanders with great severity and cruelty ; and a fleet of forty sail surrounded and fired into the Mornington cruiser, but a broadside or two compelled them to sheer off. They were co-operating, also, with Moolla Hussein of Kishm, with whom they were allied, against Bunder Abbas and Minao ; whilst Beder, the successful competitor for the Imaum-ship, was projecting a plan (notwithstanding the support he was receiving from the Wahabees) with the Uttoobees, to destroy the Joasmees, who were at this time in subjection to Abdool Azeez. 21. Syud Beder, on the adjustment of the disputes with Syud Ghes of Sohar, proceeded with a land and sea force for the recovery of Bunder Abbas, Minao, and Ormus, which he effected. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 115 Minareh (J1) : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 27.839422 long 52.333729 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Baharistan , Minareh (J1) , ※ SOURCE for Baharistan « (b) The Jam valley. The two major sites in the valleyare Minareh (J1) and Bid-i Khar (J31): according to local tradition the ancient cities of Baharistan and Negaristan. Both had glass factories. At Tul-i Khan is a typical Sirafi building: a single long room, generally 4 x 16 m, with semicircular buttresses and entrances along one side (Fig. 70). Such buildings have been found also at God-i Ibrahim and Khaneh Kal. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 94 ※ SOURCE for Minareh (J1) « (b) The Jam valley. The two major sites in the valleyare Minareh (J1) and Bid-i Khar (J31): according to local tradition the ancient cities of Baharistan and Negaristan. Both had glass factories. At Tul-i Khan is a typical Sirafi building: a single long room, generally 4 x 16 m, with semicircular buttresses and entrances along one side (Fig. 70). Such buildings have been found also at God-i Ibrahim and Khaneh Kal. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 94 Minareh (J1) - Ancient Baharistan online reference link [accessed 26 Jan 2024] Mir Ala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3387586 coordinate: lat 33.7875 long 62.2502778 NIMA/GNS names: Mir Ala , Mir Allah , Mir Haleh , Qal`a-i-Mir `Alam , Qal`eh-ye Mir `Alam , VARIANT names: Mir Ala , Mir 'asani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075125 coordinate: lat 27.4229 long 53.2553 NIMA/GNS names: Mir 'asani , Mir Hasani , Mir 'oseyni , میر حسنی , VARIANT names: Mir 'asani , Mir Dadi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3384189 coordinate: lat 32.1833333 long 63.15 NIMA/GNS names: Mir Dadi , Mirdadi Saray , Mirdari Saray , VARIANT names: Mir Dadi , Mir Daud : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 34.08208163 long 62.2170422 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mir Daud , ※ SOURCE for Mir Daud « 724. MIR DAUD Or CHAHAR BAGH. Original: Lat. 34º 05’ N, long. 62º 13’ E. Map 52. Revised:34.08208163N,62.2170422E/34º04’55.49387556N, 62º 13’ 01.35190956 E. Herat Province. 30.5 km south of this city, along the route to Shindand, five sites spread out on either side of the road. Date: Islamic period (A) (ceramic). Description: (A) Near the the rocky ridge of the Band-i Badak, in the place called Hauz-i Mir Daūd, to the west of the road, a small tumulus strewn with fragments of fired bricks and glazed Islamic pottery. Visible to the west, on the other side of a small stream, the ruins of a qal’a. (B) West of the road, a caravanserai constructed in bricks, partially ruined; on the other side of the road, ruins of a qal’a water point. (C) East of the road, ruins of a qal’a of the same type as the preceding ones. (D) East of the road, half-collapsed caravanserai, next to ruins of three qal’a and a little shapeless tumulus. (E) East of the road, tepe occupied by a cemetery (near an abandoned brick kiln). (F) There would be ancient copper and lead mines in the region. Collection: National Museum/AIA—sherds. Fieldwork: 1. 1885 Peacocke, ABC—reconnaissance. 2. 1952 Gardin and Le Berre, DAFA—survey. Sources: 1. Le Berre, unpublished 1952 report, DAFA archives, tépés Herat-Shindand 1 to 5. 2. Lal 1846: 169—mention. 3. Peacocke 1887a: 212–13, 216—mentions brick ruins and traces of former fields and irrigation. 4. Gazetteer 1975: III. 298—brief description. 5. N. Dupree 1977: 270—mention and brief history. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 256 Mir Hajat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10423514 coordinate: lat 27.6726 long 54.4232 NIMA/GNS names: Mir Hajat , میر حاجات , VARIANT names: Mir Hajat , Mir Hashem : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3195922 coordinate: lat 31.461888 long 54.253496 NIMA/GNS names: Ebrahimabad , Mir Hashem , Mir Hashim , مير هاشم , VARIANT names: Mir Hashem , Mir Karez : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3390587 coordinate: lat 31.6522222 long 64.9455556 NIMA/GNS names: Mir Karez , Mir Kariz , Sarkari Karez Kalay , Sarkari Kariz Kalay , VARIANT names: Mir Karez , Miskarex , ※ SOURCE for Miskarex « Miskarex » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 34 Balochistan 1911} Mir Mo'ama (J19) : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 27.773305 long 52.408905 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mir Mo'ama (J19) , ※ SOURCE for Mir Mo'ama (J19) « A second type of cistern is the round basin, possibly not roofed, which is always associated with mills, as at Mir Mo'ama (J19) and Berkeh Tul-i Qaleh (J28). » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 93 Mir Mo'amma : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075036 coordinate: lat 27.773723 long 52.407753 NIMA/GNS names: Mil Mama , Mir Mama , Mir Mo`amma , Mir Mo'amma , ميل ماما , میر معما , میر مما , VARIANT names: Mir Mo'amma , Mir Mu'amms , ※ SOURCE for Mir Mu'amms « Mir Mu'amms » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 6 : Firuzabad (Jur) - Siraf (3)} Mir Sharif sassanid dam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.02251 long 53.309392 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mir Sharif sassanid dam , Mirabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013191 coordinate: lat 32.863253 long 51.046155 NIMA/GNS names: Mirabad , میر آباد , VARIANT names: Mirabad , Mirabdella : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.969013 long 51.068314 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mirabdella , ※ SOURCE for Mirabdella « Je ne fis que cinq farsangs pour atteindre le petit village de Mirabdella, composé de cabanes; les habitants vinrent en foule m'importuner, [I only made five farsangs to reach the small village of Mirabdella, made up of cabins; the inhabitants came in crowds to bother me,] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 512 Mirbat : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788055 coordinate: lat 16.984721 long 54.691469 NIMA/GNS names: Marbat , Merbat , Mirbat , Murbat , VARIANT names: Ma-lo-mo , Ma-lo-pa , marabate , marbato , Mirbat , murobate , murubate , ※ SOURCE for Ma-lo-mo « author says last character is certainly an error, it should be pa. In another passage, however, our author writes Ma-lo-mo. » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 121 note 11 ※ SOURCE for Ma-lo-pa author says « last character is certainly an error, it should be pa. In another passage, however, our author writes Ma-lo-mo. » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 121 note 11 ※ SOURCE for marabate « mocola, xael, caixem, c. de fartaque, curafate, O guobo, costacham, dofar, marabate, curia muria, as duas pontas, c. de maraca, » See also note « André Homem79 79 PMC2, pp. 67-70. » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p.76 « curafate, O guobo, costacham, dofar » {map#937 Planisphere [Universa ac navigabilis to…], Andreas Homem, 1559, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE CC-2719 (RES)} see PMC vol.2 EST 188 and EST 189E ※ SOURCE for marbato « xer, fataca, diufar, marbato, ambez, azequy, ylhas de cariamuria » See also note « atlas miller 52 PMC1, pp. 55-61; AHGP, n. 10. » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p.67 {map#823 “Atlas Miller", [Feuille 3 r° : Océan Indien Nord avec l'Arabie et l'Inde], Lopo Homem, 1519, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Paris, Res. Ge. DD 683} see PMC vol. 1 EST 19 ※ SOURCE for murobate « Bartolomeu Velho, atlante, carta della penisola arabica; San Marino (California), Huntington Library, HM 44, f. 7r; » « caixem, c. de fartaq/ue, curafate, oguobo / ogobo, Camagas?, dofar, p[on]ta de murobate, murobate?, p[on]ta de curiamuria, J. de curia muria, as duas pontas, praçel, c. de maraca, emseada das baxas, » See also note « 80 PMC2, pp. 89-92; Biedermann, p. 129; AHGP, n. 26. » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p.78 « pta furada, cuiane, caixem, c. de fartaq, curafate, oguobo, Camagas (?), dofar, pta de murobate, murobate (?), pta de curiamuria, I. de curia muria, as duas pontas, praçel, C. de matraca, emseada das baxas, I. de maceida, emseada de s.pº, os palheiros, C. Rasalgate » #1118 Cortesão, Armando F. and Teixeira Da Mota, Avelino, Portugaliae Monumenta Cartographica, Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda, Lisboa, 1960: 1987 ~ vol. 2 p. 100 ※ SOURCE for murubate « La penisola arabica in una carta di un atlante anonimo annesso al Livro da marinharia di João de Lisboa; Lisboa, Arquivo Torre do Tombo, CF 166, f. » « c. De fartaque, qulufate, oguobo, camguer, dofar, p. de murubate, murubate, p. de curia maria, ilhas de curia maria, as duas pontas, c. ce matraca » See also note « 15v 81 PMC1, pp. 173-176; AHGP, n. 25. » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p. 78 in {map#576 15ª carta: Mar Vermelho e Golfo Pérsico, Livro De Marinharia, de João de Lisboa, anonymous, 1560, Arquivo Nacional, Torre do Tombo, Lisbon, Colecção Cartográfica, n.º 166} see PMC vol. 1 EST 96 « Vaz Dourado è particolarmente evidente nell’atlante di San Marino,89 » « xaell, p. furada, xarma, cirique, caxem, c. fartaque, callufate, oguobo, caniger, doffar, murubate, p. de curiamuria, J. de curiamuria, as duas po[n]tas, c. de matraqua, emseada de s.a p.o, » See also note « 89 PMC3, pp. 13-16; Biedermann, p. 129; AHGP, n. 34 » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p.80 in {map#834 Eastern Africa, Arabia, and India, Fernão Vaz Dourado, 1550-1575, The Huntington Library HM41 fol11} see PMC vol. 3 EST 269 Mirdadi Saray : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.184867 long 63.150885 Supplement: The NIMA/GNS data is 32.1833333, 63.15,Mirdadi Saray,PPL the same as 32.1833333, 63.15,Mir Dadi,PPL. The caravanserai is 187m at heading of 26° from this location and the coordinates have been amended accordingly. VARIANT names: Mergis , Mirdadi Saray , ※ SOURCE for Mergis « On the 10th, we arrived in Mergis and found a small castle, but a neighborhood rich in all necessities » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 68 Miriam Ali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.625848 long 54.71715 † basis (approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Miriam Ali , ※ SOURCE for Miriam Ali « Miriam Ali » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121 fig. Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah} Mirisah : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075132 coordinate: lat 29.1089 long 52.8459 NIMA/GNS names: Marishe , Merisah , Meriseh , Mirisah , میریسه , VARIANT names: Mirisah , Mirsa Seri , ※ SOURCE for Mirsa Seri « Not far from the Muzaffari karavansaray, at the foot of the mountains, was another one called that of Mirsa Seri, »#1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 76 Mirzabun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.65147 long 52.540474 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mirzabun , ※ SOURCE for Mirzabun « The descent was easy at first, leading down the open head of a valley where a ruined dwelling known as Mirzābūn was to be seen to the west. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 216 Mishkun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075869 coordinate: lat 29.47668 long 54.332657 NIMA/GNS names: Meshkan , Mishkun , Moshgan , Moshkan , مشکان , VARIANT names: Maskanat , Mishkan , Mishkun , Miskanan , ※ SOURCE for Maskanat « Mishkan, also known as Mishkūn, is briefly mentioned by Ibn-al--Balkhi as a district near Niriz. Its identity with the locality variously called by the Arab geographers Maskānāt, Māskanat, Miskānān, is not subject to doubt, as Ibn Kordādbih places it between Hira (the present Khir, west of Niriz) and Shahr-i-Babak. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 205 ※ SOURCE for Mishkan « by the view down the gentle slopes and grassy valley bottom towards Mishkan. After a couple of miles the easy descent led past a continuous stretch of carefully laid out terraces with almond plantations and vineyards, on the produce of which the attractively situated village mainly depends. Mishkan, also known as Mishkūn, is briefly mentioned by Ibn-al--Balkhi as a district near Niriz. Its identity with the locality variously called by the Arab geographers Maskānāt, Māskanat, Miskānān, is not subject to doubt, as Ibn Kordādbih places it between Hira (the present Khir, west of Niriz) and Shahr-i-Babak. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 205 ※ SOURCE for Mishkun « Mishkan, also known as Mishkūn, is briefly mentioned by Ibn-al--Balkhi as a district near Niriz. Its identity with the locality variously called by the Arab geographers Maskānāt, Māskanat, Miskānān, is not subject to doubt, as Ibn Kordādbih places it between Hira (the present Khir, west of Niriz) and Shahr-i-Babak. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 205 ※ SOURCE for Miskanan « Mishkan, also known as Mishkūn, is briefly mentioned by Ibn-al--Balkhi as a district near Niriz. Its identity with the locality variously called by the Arab geographers Maskānāt, Māskanat, Miskānān, is not subject to doubt, as Ibn Kordādbih places it between Hira (the present Khir, west of Niriz) and Shahr-i-Babak. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 205 Mishvand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3079271 coordinate: lat 33.0678 long 48.025022 NIMA/GNS names: Mishvand , Qal`eh Mishwand , Qal`eh-ye Mishvand , قلعه میشوند , قلعۀ ميشوند , ميشوند , VARIANT names: Mishvand , Mishwand , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Mishvand FOR Mukhharabad (ruins) Car: ? [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Mishwand « 66 Mishwand, a grazing district of low gypsum hills. (Map L.D., sheet 9 C, places Mishwand south of the Buk-i-Buland.) » #3521 A Handbook of Mesopotamia, Volume II, Irak, The Lower Kārūn, and Luristan, Admiralty and War Office, London, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 264 Misram 23 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 295 460 converted to coordinate: lat 23.01736 long 58.26373 VARIANT names: Misram 23 , ※ SOURCE for Misram 23 « Cairns, graves, cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 45 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Miyalu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074920 coordinate: lat 27.7712 long 52.1306 NIMA/GNS names: Meyalu , Meyanlu , Mianlu , Miantu , Miyalu , Miyan Loo , Miyanlu , Qal`eh Meyanlu , قلعه ميانلو , ميالو , ميانلو , ميانلو , ميانلو , VARIANT names: Maloo , Miyalu , ※ SOURCE for Maloo « Maloo » in {map#1125 The Coast from Bushire to Basadore, in the Persian Gulf, G.B. Brucks and S.B. Haines, 1828, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3630/27, in Qatar Digital Library} Mizbar 20a : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 454 596 converted to coordinate: lat 23.13886 long 58.42015 VARIANT names: Mizbar 20a , ※ SOURCE for Mizbar 20a « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 44 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Mizbar 20b : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 476 600 converted to coordinate: lat 23.14228 long 58.44167 VARIANT names: Mizbar 20b , ※ SOURCE for Mizbar 20b « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 44 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Mizbar 20c : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 495 583 converted to coordinate: lat 23.12675 long 58.46006 VARIANT names: Mizbar 20c , ※ SOURCE for Mizbar 20c « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 44 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 MoAllem-e Kasir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: -3075234 coordinate: lat 27.756225 long 54.065299 NIMA/GNS names: Mo`allem-e Kasir , Pir Gowhar , Pir Mo`allem-e Kasir , Ziaratgah-e Mo`allem Kasir , پیر گوهر , پیر معلم کثیر , زیارتگاه معلم کثیر , VARIANT names: MoAllem-e Kasir , Mobarekeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075281 coordinate: lat 33.0522 long 52.4169 NIMA/GNS names: Mobarakeh , Mobarekeh , مبارکه , VARIANT names: Mobarekeh , Mofanghan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073437 coordinate: lat 29.2318 long 53.9101 NIMA/GNS names: Mah Farrokhan , Mahfarkhan , Mofanghan , ماهفرخان , VARIANT names: Mofanghan , Mogh Ahmad : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075307 coordinate: lat 27.154027 long 55.878265 NIMA/GNS names: Mogh Ahmad , Mogh Ahmad-e Pa'in , Mugh Ahmad , مغ احمد , مغ احمد پائین , VARIANT names: Mogh Ahmad , Mugh Ahmad , ※ SOURCE for Mugh Ahmad « Mugh Ahmad » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} [map shows (Good water from well) and sarai 1km NNW. PBR] Mogh Jangan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746519 coordinate: lat 26.0635 long 57.2888 NIMA/GNS names: Mogh Changan , Mogh Jangan , مغ جنگان , مغ چنگان , VARIANT names: Mogh Jangan , Mukhjangan , ※ SOURCE for Mukhjangan « and at 9-35 came to the village of Mukhjangán, where we breakfasted.Here we were interviewed by a Biluch chief, a fine-looking fellow, got up in very gorgeous attire, covered with arms of all sorts, including the ever present hide shield; he commenced to talk very big, but after a time quieted down and ended by begging for krans and powder. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 33 Moghokiel : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.537711 long 54.812034 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Moghokiel , ※ SOURCE for Moghokiel « finalmentea mezzanotte, e forse più tardi, ci fernammo a riposare in unluogo di quelle deserte campagne, che chiamano Moghokiel,dove si trova un'acqua corrente; e noi ci alloggiammo accantoad un pezzo di muro rotto che vi è, rovina avanzata, comepare, di qualche fabbrica vecchia. [finally at midnight, and perhaps later, we stopped to rest in a place in those deserted countryside, which they call Moghokiel, where there is running water; and we lodged next to a piece of broken wall there, an advanced ruin, as it seems, of some old factory.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 279 Mohammad Hasan Khan Bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 36.52411 long 52.663998 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Mohammad Hasan Khan Bridge پل محمدحسن?خان VARIANT names: Mohammad Hasan Khan Bridge , ※ SOURCE for Mohammad Hasan Khan Bridge « After twenty miles came Barferush, and just after crossing a river by a magnificent bridge of many arches, there opened out before our eyes a delightful picture. In the centre of a lake, reed-clad and peopled with wild-fowl, who seemed to know no fear, was a green island, thick with orange-trees, covered with fruit, and poplars; while between the foliage was seen what appeared to be a white-walled, red-tiled mansion, like an English country seat. Across the lake to this lovely island led a long, low bridge, whose pointed stone arches were mirrored in the still waters below. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 334 Mohammad Khan Dashti Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.65607 long 51.375712 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mohammad Khan Dashti Castle , Mohammadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3059663 coordinate: lat 37.444466 long 59.108087 NIMA/GNS names: Dargaz , Darreh Gaz , Mohammadabad , Mohammadabad Arbab , Muhammadabad , درگز , دره گز , VARIANT names: Mohammadabad , Mohammadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075360 coordinate: lat 29.2475 long 53.9849 NIMA/GNS names: Mohammadabad , محمد آباد , VARIANT names: Kalat-i-Surgh , Mohammadabad , ※ SOURCE for Kalat-i-Surgh « KALAT-I-SURKH-LAT. 29° 15' 14' N.; LONG. 53° 58' E.; ELEV. A village in Fars on the southern shore of lake Niriz, 19½ miles west of Niriz town and the first stage thence on the road to Fasa. When visited in 1893 it was deserted, the inhabitants living in tents close by. There is no water here, but fair drinking water is obtainable about ¾ of a mile to the west. Supplies here are very poor; firewood is furnished from the scrub jungle.-(Stotherd, 1893.) [N. B.-Is this the Kaleh-i-Surkh of MacGregor. ?] » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ p. 480 « KALAT-I-SURKH ?? كلات سرح??29-15 53-58. A village in Fars on the southern shore of lake Niriz, 20 miles west of Niriz townand the first stage thence on the road to Fasa. When visited in 1893 it was deserted, theinhabitants living in tents close by. There is no water here, but fair drinking water is obtainable about ¾ of a mile to the west. Supplies here are very poor, firewood is furnished from the scrub jungle. (Stotherd, 1893.) » #3005 Ludwig W. Adamec, Historical gazetteer of Iran, Abadan and South Western Iran, Akademische Drucku, Verlagsanstalt, 1976-1989 ~ p. 367 Mohammadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075354 coordinate: lat 28.8584 long 53.736 NIMA/GNS names: Mohammadabad , VARIANT names: Mohammadabad , Mohammadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3195697 coordinate: lat 28.5642 long 55.8377 NIMA/GNS names: Mahdabad , Mehdiabad , Mohammadabad , محمد آباد , مهد آباد , مهدی آباد , VARIANT names: Mahomedabad , Mohammadabad , ※ SOURCE for Mahomedabad « At 23½ m. the little fort of Rishghir bore 210°, one mile off; and at the 24th we reached the hamlet Mahomedabad, and immediately got on to the high-road between Yezd and Bunder Abassi; thence 1½ mile beyond brought us to a large round tower and village huts, known as Aliabad, a little to the right of the main road we were on. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 61 Mohammadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075389 coordinate: lat 31.7775 long 54.423889 NIMA/GNS names: Mohammadabad , Muhammadabad , محمد آباد , VARIANT names: Mohammadabad , ※ SOURCE for Mohammadabad « At 21 miles halt at Muhammadabad.Time, about 7¾ hours. Road, good and passable to all arms. Muhammadabad, a flourishing and populous town, well supplied with water. It contains numerous fruit gardens. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 25 Mohammadabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 518567 E, 3242742 N converted to coordinate: lat 29.3135657987874 long 51.1912061565888 VARIANT names: Mohammadabad , ※ SOURCE for Mohammadabad « Mohammadabad » in {map#1174 Figure 1. Distribution of the tal-e khandaghs studied (Encarta 2009)., , , #3086 Parsa Ghasemi, Tal-e Khandagh (“Moated Mound”): A Military Structure in Ancient Fars, Near Eastern Archaeology, 2012 vol. 75:no. 4:pp. 240-251 ~} « The Tal-e Khandagh at Mohammadabad » #3086 Parsa Ghasemi, Tal-e Khandagh (“Moated Mound”): A Military Structure in Ancient Fars, Near Eastern Archaeology, 2012 vol. 75:no. 4:pp. 240-251 ~ p.243 Mohr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075570 coordinate: lat 27.5552 long 52.8836 NIMA/GNS names: Mehr , Mohr , Mohur , Mohur-i- Saiyidan , Mur , مهر , VARIANT names: Mohr , Mohur , ※ SOURCE for Mohur « Next day, after marching 7 miles, we passed the village of Mohur, which holds some hundred families of Saiyyids and is situated where a spur descending from the south causes the valley to contract. The immunity of the village from local disturbances, due to the holy descent of its inhabitants, was reflected by the greater extent and better cultivation of its lands. Mohur is the last village counted as being within the Galehdar tract, and a conspicuous watch tower on the end of the spur to the south marks the boundary towards WarawL » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 226 Mokhak : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075600 coordinate: lat 28.7218 long 53.4767 NIMA/GNS names: Mokhak , Mukhak , موخک , VARIANT names: Carvanfera Moggeck , Mecocal , Meggeck (Muhkak) , Meggek , Mich-geck-fogte , Mocach , Mochai Sugta , Mochak , Mochock Suckta , Mocock Sugta , Mogagzoekte , Mohack , Mokak , Mokhak , Moocack Sookta , Mouchek , Moukak , Moukhakh , Mukhak , Musak , square caravanserai (Figueroa) , ※ SOURCE for Carvanfera Moggeck « 19 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 ※ SOURCE for Mecocal « The second day of September, we came to Mecocal, where we had stinking water: and the same day payed a dutie of two Tanger upon every Bar. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 461 ※ SOURCE for Meggeck (Muhkak) « Meggeck (Muhkak) for each carga four qazbekis for gūshi, but with a small present one may have to pay only a quarter or at maximum half of this amount. » #3297 John Emerson, Rahdars and Their Tolls in Safavid and Afsharid Iran, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 1987 vol. 30:no. 3:pp. 318-327 ~ p. 321 ※ SOURCE for Meggek « 's Avonts ongeveer vijff mijlen gereden wesende, quamen ten ses uuren in de kustplaats Meggek (2), alleen sonder meer huysen op den weg gelegen, alwaar een dienaar van den gouverneur, om nog hier 't nodige te besorgen von- den, die fn. 2 Mükhak (Simla kaart) een, ook nog tijdens Dupré, geheel alleen staande onaanzienlijke karavanserai met slecht water. Slechts Herbert spreekt van vier graven van Mohammed, schriftgeleerden, die hij hier aanwezig vond. Fryer heeft. Mocock-Sügta, De Bruyn Mich-Geck-sogle. Hoe zij aan dat laatste woord gekomen zijn, is duister (sakhté = ge- maakt, sakhté gewogen, sukhte verbrand). Op zijn terugreis van Datavia naar Isfahan spelt De Brayn den naam juist: Moogack. [In the evening we drove about five miles and arrived at six o'clock in the coastal town of Meggek (2), situated alone without any houses on the road, where we found a servant of the governor, who had to take care of everything necessary here. fn. 2 Mükhak (Simla map) an insignificant caravanserai with bad water, also during Dupré, standing entirely alone. Only Herbert speaks of four tombs of Mohammed, scribes, which he found here. Fryer has. Mocock-Sügta, De Bruyn Mich-Geck-sogle. How they arrived at that last word is unclear (sakhté = made, sakhté weighed, sakhte burned). On his return journey from Datavia to Isfahan, De Brayn spelled the name correctly: Moogack.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 72 ※ SOURCE for Mich-geck-fogte « Comme la li- tiere, qui étoit portée par des hom- mes, n'avançoit guére, nous n'arri- vames qu'à minuit au Caravanserai de Mich-geck-fogte, après une traite de trois lieuës. [As the litter, which was carried by men, made little progress, we did not arrive until midnight at the Caravanserai of Mich-geck-fogte, after a journey of three leagues.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 313 ※ SOURCE for Mocach « until the 21st hour of the 17th. We traveled through beautiful and fully cultivated countryside. There were many villages and gardens all around, which made a beautiful view. I observed that they were cutting wheat at that time and that it was very abundant. The climate is not very different from ours. We also passed several pleasant hills, and at the 6th hour of the night we stopped in a small caravanserai called Mokhaq. (24) There, since there is no nearby town, some people live and sell foodstuffs. fn. 24. Bembo's "Mocach." » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 296 ※ SOURCE for Mochai Sugta « Den 11. dito trokken wy over een steenagtig gebergte, zagen geen dorpen; maar eenige veehoeders-hutten, en qua- men tot Mochai Sugta. Hier ſtaan z Karrawanfara's, een koſtelyke groote nieuwe, en een oude vervallene.Agter deze Karrawanſara's ſtaan twee koſtelyke nieuwe. overwelfde Tanken. Wy quamen ontrent midder nagt in de Manſel; [On the 11th day we passed over a stony mountain range and saw no villages; only a few herdsmen's huts, and came to Mochai Sugta. Here are two Karrawanfaras, a beautiful large new one, and an old dilapidated one. Behind these Karrawanfaras are two beautiful new ones. vaulted tanks. We arrived at the Manſel about midnight;] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 263 ※ SOURCE for Mochak « The 28 daye we traveled along a valley weh is fruitful and pies ant ; it aboundes in come and date trees. Here as we traveled, haueing out gon our caphelow,l we mett a sheparde weh played on his pipe; here we rested an howre or two wth this shepard vntil our caravane overtooke vs; then we tooke our leaues from the shepard and rewarded him for his paynes. This night we came [to] Mochak [Mukhak], a caravanserow lyinge in a very craggi place. This daye we came 6 lges.» #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p. 79 ※ SOURCE for Mochock Suckta « About 6 in the Evening sett out for Mochock Suckta, 7 forsangs, pretty good way. Past by Asmungerd, a good caravensaroy, about 2 farsangs from Gossaw. Arrived here about 2 in the morning, an extroardin[ar]y Caravensaroy; a large hill just before the interry. note: Mochock Suckta. Mukhak. Suckta probably=sokhta, 'burnt': the Mukhek of Wilson's map. See Fryer, II, 215, n. 1. Thévenot (p. 128) calls it Mouchek, and Hedges (I, 206) found a "large convenient Caravan-Serai at "Moocack Sookta", with "good water and no want of provisions." Le Bruyn also halted at the "Caravanserai of Michgeck Sogte" in 1705 (II, 65). » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 42 and 48 ※ SOURCE for Mocock Sugta « At Midnight we came to Mocock Sugta (1) (i.e. a dry Clove) Twenty two Miles, having forded several Plashes where flourished lascivious Shrubs, more like Southernwood than Osiers, till we were inclosed again in the Mountains. fn. 1 Mukhek in Wilson's map. If Fryer's derivation be correct, the proper form is Mekhah Sükhtah or Sükhah. Hedges (Diary, i, 206) calls it Moocack Sookta: "here we had ye best musk melons that ever I saw of ye growth of Cossir." "Mohack our next (in which are buried Mahomet, Hodge, Izmael, and Ally), (four great Mussulmannish Doctors, intombed here 400 years ago), resorted to with no small reverence" (Herbert, 132). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 205 ※ SOURCE for Mogagzoekte « Den 30. dito na middernacht verreisde zyn Ed:, en quam, nas mylen rydens, in de Karrawaanſera Mogagzoekte. [On the 30th after midnight his wife traveled and, after my journey, searched for Mogag in the Karrawaanſera.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 274 « Den 23. dito na 5 mylen in de Karrawaanfera.Den 24.dito na 5 mylen ruym in Jarôn. Mogag-zoekte. [The 23rd said on the 5th of March in Karrawaanfera.The 24th said on the 5th of March in Jarôn. Mogag-zoekte.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Mohack « Mohack our next(in which are buried Mahomet, Hodge, Izmael, and Ally, foure great Muffulmannish Doctors, intombd here 400 yeares ago, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132 ※ SOURCE for Mokak « Il cammino, che poi fi fece, fu per terreno feminato di xiſo (dove vidi i primidattili) e pofcia arido fino al Karvanſerà di Mokak, dove seſtammo dopo 25. miglia, e otto ore di cammino. [The journey that we then made was over rough terrain ... In Mokak fono due Karvanſerà; il nuovo, e'l vec. chio, il quale ha biſogno di poca ripara zione, ma traſcurano i Maomettani di fargliela, per l'inchinazione che hanno a fabbricar di nuovo(where I saw the primadactyls) and then arid until the Karvanſerà of Mokak, where we stopped after 25 miles and eight hours of walking. ... In Mokak there are two Karvanſerà; the new is the old. man, who needs little repair, but the Mohammedans neglect to do it for him, due to the inclination they have to build a new] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 pp. 266-7 ※ SOURCE for Mokhak « Karavanserail Mokhak (Taf. 23; 24.1) (Abb. 5; 190)Lage: 30 km südöstlich des Karavanserails Asemun- gerd, 23 km westlich von Qotb Abad und (Straße über Qotb Abad) 41 km nördlich von Djahrom, in + 1185 m ü. N. N., an der alten Hauptstraße von Shiraz über Djahrom und Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas. Am Ort sind ein größeres (qadjari- sches), ein kleineres (safavidisches) Karavanserail, die Spuren eines kleinen, älteren Baues von 24 × 24 m Außenmaßen und 17 x 17 m Hofabmessungen, eine Zisterne und ein Cahartaq Emamzadeh voneinander zu unterscheiden (Abb. 190). [Karavanserail Mokhak (Plate 23; 24.1) (Fig. 5; 190)Location: 30 km southeast of the Asemungerd caravanserail, 23 km west of Qotb Abad and (road via Qotb Abad) 41 km north of Djahrom, at + 1185 m above sea level. N. N., on the old main road from Shiraz via Djahrom and Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. A larger (Qadjarian) and a smaller (Safavid) caravan serail, traces of a small, older building with external dimensions of 24 × 24 m and courtyard dimensions of 17 × 17 m, a cistern and a Cahartaq Emamzadeh can be distinguished at the site (Fig. 190).] »#3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 106-8 ※ SOURCE for Moocack Sookta « August 20.-We rose from Jarroon and lodged at Moocack Sookta, a large, convenient Caravan-Sarai; good water, and no want of provisions. Here we had y best musk melons that ever I saw of yo growth of Cossir. »#3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 206 ※ SOURCE for Mouchek « that we arrived at a little Kervanʃeray, called Mouchek, ftanding by it ſelſ, and built in ſtony ground ſurrounded with Hills: about ſome hundred paces behind this Kervanʃeray there is a great round Ciſtern, four or five Fathom in Diametre, and is very deeps it is covered with a great Dome of rough ſtone, that hath ſix Entrics, by ſo many Doors that are round it, by which they go in to draw water » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 128 ※ SOURCE for Moukak « Le 27, je fis sept lieues par un chemin assez rude et raboteux, au bout desquelles je mis pied à terre à un des plus méclians gites de la route: c'est un petit caravanserai détruit, qu'on appelle Moukak (1), situé entre des montagnes(1) Herbert écrit Mohak et ajoute qu'on voit dans ce village ou cette station (Manzel), les tombeaux de quatre grands docteurs musulmans (dont il altère les noms) très révéres, qui y sont enterrés depuis quatre cents ans. Some yeares travels, etc., p. 136, on lit Moskak dans la traduction du même ouvrage intitulée: Rela- tion du Voyage de Perse et des Indes, pag. 218, et Maliek dans Thévenot et dans Tavernier. (L-s.) [On the 27th, I traveled seven leagues along a rather rough and rugged path, at the end of which I dismounted at one of the most unsavory lodges on the road: it was a small destroyed caravanserai, called Moukak (1), located between mountains(1) Herbert writes Mohak and adds that we see in this village or this station (Manzel), the tombs of four great and very revered Muslim doctors (whose names he alters), who have been buried there for four hundred years. Some yeares travels, etc., p. 136, we read Moskak in the translation of the same work entitled: Relation of the Voyage of Persia and the Indies, pag. 218, and Maliek in Thévenot and in Tavernier. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 462 ※ SOURCE for Moukhakh A cinq cents pas sont deux caravansérails, séparés par un filet d'eau qui prend sa source dans le mont près duquel ils sont batis. Ce lieu inhabité s'appelle Moukhakh. Des percepteurs d'un droit de péage pour le compte du gouverneur de Djároûn, demeurent dans l'un des caravanserails. Ce droit est de quatre châhis par charge de cha- mean, et de deux par charge de mulet. Il pro- duit à peine deux cents tumans par an, les ca- ravanes n'étant pas fréquentes pendant l'hiver. [Five hundred paces away are two caravanserais, separated by a stream of water which has its source in the mountain near which they are built. This uninhabited place is called Moukhakh. Collectors of a toll on behalf of the governor of Jároûn, live in one of the caravanserais. This toll is four shâhis per load of shâmean, and two per load of mule. It produces scarcely two hundred tumans per year, the caravans not being frequent during the winter.] ※ SOURCE for Mukhak « Mukhak (3,800') 28 41 53 24 A large sarai 16 m. N.-E. of Jahrüm, on Route 28, amongst low ridges which occupy whole of main valley; water from 2 cisterns and small spring: supplies scanty. grazing fair. In an old Shah Abbās sarzi close to sbove the following partially obliterated inscription was found, cut deep into the plaster: ... Ficilia Utilia ... Mers 1678. (Wilson, 1907.) » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 201 « Mukhak » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} « The karavansaray of Mukhak was small, isolated and situated in a craggy place and had good water and no lack of provisions. Hedges ate there the best musk melons that he had ever seen. About some hundred paces behind the karavansaray was a great cistern, four to five fathoms in diameter, very deep and covered by a dome. There was only one house near the karavansaray, while the only drinkable water was in a cistern at one musket shot's distance. However, a Jew had fallen into the cistern and therefore the Muslims did not use it any more, because its water had become unclean, Tavernier observed. Chardin reported that the small karavansaray had been destroyed, and he considered this one of the sorriest halting places he had ever stayed in; also, its water was terrible in quality. In 1685, the karavansaray had been recently built of freestone by a merchant. It was still situated in the middle of nowhere, though it now also housed a number of rähdärs and had two new covered cisterns. Next to it was a warm spring in which one could take a bath. The old dilapidated karavansaray was still standing.(88) fn. 88 Stodart, p. 80 (Mochak); Thevenot, vol. II, p.128 (Mouckek); Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 113 (Musak); Valentijn, vol. V, » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 76 ※ SOURCE for Musak « den 11. Dez. in 9½ Stunden gereist nach der Karawanserei Musak 7 Farsach ... Weiter S+O zur Karawanserei Musak 3 Farsach. Diese Karawanserei, ziemlich neu und gut, liegt allein zwischen wüsten Felsen und Hügeln. Es residierten unter dem Portal verschiedene, mit Gewehr wohl versehene Radaren. Sie ist von einem Kaufmann unlängst erbaut von Feldsteinen, hat schöne Kammern und Gewölbe mit Schornsteinen [December 11th traveled in 9½ hours to the caravanserai Musak 7 Farsach ... Continue S+O to the caravanserai Musak 3 Farsach. This caravanserai, quite new and good, lies alone between desert rocks and hills. Various radars equipped with rifles resided under the portal. It was recently built of field stones by a merchant and has beautiful chambers and vaults with chimneys] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 113 ※ SOURCE for square caravanserai (Figueroa) [no place name given - description used for Route 16 stage 014. PBR] « This caravanserai was quite different from the others we had seen in the kingdom of Fārs. It was [fol. 221v] square and had four symmetrical strong and high walls. There was one big gate where one could enter on horseback. Inside there was a square big enough for many people, horses, and the rest of the baggage animals. In the center of the square was a square stone ledge two feet high and over twenty feet wide and long, where a few people could take their leisure. Surrounding it on all sides were mangers where the travelers’ horses and mules could feed. There were chambers on all four interior walls of this large square, each of them two feet off the ground. Their entryways were as big as the chambers themselves, and these were consequently completely open to view, though they were covered by a vault. Some of them had a narrow little bedroom big enough for two beds and nothing else, with doors so narrow and low that they were exactly as big as a man. These rooms were especially intended for women to stay in so that they would not be in plain sight while they were inside the chambers. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 328-9 Mokhak Cahartaq-Emamzadeh : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.727379 long 53.461556 Mokhaldon : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.133893 long 52.149688 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mokhaldon , ※ SOURCE for Mokhaldon « Mokhaldon, two farsakhs north of Tashan at the summit of a high steep pass, is a resting place with fine view of both Riz and Oezhgah valleys. There are two dry stone, single-room buildings, each measuring 10 x 4 m. On a lower ridge is a newly repaired cistern, measuring 25 x 5 m and with rounded ends. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p.92 Molla'i : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746087 coordinate: lat 27.5256 long 53.2365 NIMA/GNS names: Mohammad-e `Olya , Molla'i , ملائی , VARIANT names: Molla'i , Mooshakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076127 coordinate: lat 28.8257 long 52.4656 NIMA/GNS names: Mooshakan , Mushgan , Mushkan , موشگان , VARIANT names: Mooshakan , Mushkūn , ※ SOURCE for Mushkūn « Partis de Firūzābād, nous nous dirigeons vers la haute chaîne de Après la traversée du village d'Aminābād, nous passons à gué une large rivière, le Rüd-i Karikhlah; ensuite, longeant des champs cultivés ou laissés en friche, nous dépassons, à droite, les villages de Mushkün et de Naudaran. [Leaving Firūzābād, we head towards the high range of After crossing the village of Aminābād, we ford a wide river, the Rüd-i Karikhlah; then, skirting cultivated or fallow fields, we pass, on the right, the villages of Mushkūn and Naudaran.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 165 Moqaberi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073994 coordinate: lat 29.1331 long 53.4876 NIMA/GNS names: Maqaberi , Moqaberi , Moqayeri , مقابری , مقایری , VARIANT names: Moqaberi , Mukabari , ※ SOURCE for Mukabari « From Kachu two marches carried us through the wide valley appropriately known as Miān-jangal from its extensive tree growth, and then across the Gardaneh-i-Alafa or Chinar pass to Sarvistān village. Apart from the small hamlet of Mukābari not a single inhabited place was met on the way, and only a few spots of abandoned cultivation could be sighted. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 178 Morghak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075800 coordinate: lat 29.1064 long 57.9011 NIMA/GNS names: Marghak , Morghak , Morghak-e `Olya , مرغک علیا , VARIANT names: Merghak , Morghak , ※ SOURCE for Merghak « We had a windy night but no tents came down and thanks to Look'a device of petticoats on tent which tuck in under beds and boxes, our own quarters were practically wind proof. It seems that this place Merghak is alwaya windy and we were luoky not to have rain or snow with it. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 23 Morvarid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074196 coordinate: lat 31.731123 long 50.382455 NIMA/GNS names: Marvari , Mavari , Mawari , Morvarid , Morvarid , مروارید , VARIANT names: Morvarid , Moshir Bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.470864 long 51.339146 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: in google maps VARIANT names: Moshir Bridge , ※ SOURCE for Moshir Bridge پل مشیر Mosul : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3102656 coordinate: lat 36.335 long 43.1188889 NIMA/GNS names: Al Mawsil , Al Musil , Mossoul , Mosul , Moussoul , VARIANT names: Mosul , Motamed caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.681539 long 54.332194 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Motamed caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Motamed caravanserai Persian text: کاروانسرای معتمد مربوط به سده?های متاخر دوران?های تاریخی پس از اسلام است و در شهرستان لارستان، بخش مرکزی، شهر قدیم لار، خیابان مدرس جنوبی، محله زینبیه، ابتدای کوی گاله واقع شده و این اثر در تاریخ ۱۸ شهریور ۱۳۸۷ با شمارهٔ ثبت ۲۳۳۶۶ به?عنوان یکی از آثار ملی ایران به ثبت رسیده است.[۱] [The Motamed caravanserai is related to the late centuries of the post-Islamic historical era and is located in Larestan city, central part, old city of Lar, South Modares street, Zainbiyeh neighborhood, the beginning of Koi Galeh, and this work is dated 18 September 2007 with registration number 23366 as one of It has been registered as one of Iran's national works.] online reference link [accessed 25 Feb 2024] moteomansara mayink : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.03916 long 52.065344 † basis (located in google earth or maps and no other reference) Supplement: Mayink Guesthouse ? VARIANT names: moteomansara mayink , mouth of the old Euphrates : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.576286 long 48.20992 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: mouth of the old Euphrates , ※ SOURCE for mouth of the old Euphrates « mouth of the old Euphrates » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ in Fig. 73. Excerpt of Fig. 65 showing the region traversed by Nearchus in 324 BC and a proposed reconstruction of his itinerary around the northern Gulf. For the old system of the lower "Modern Karkheh" and "Karkheh Kur," see Figs. 71 and 74. p. 42 Mowzar : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745208 coordinate: lat 28.25932 long 53.823385 NIMA/GNS names: Mowzar , Mowzar , موزار , موزر , VARIANT names: Manjir , Manjir-i Kuchik (Mensir Kieschik) , Maufer , Mauser , Moeſoer , Mofetis , Moffir , Momzir , Mou-ʃeer , Mouezere , Mouhser , Mourer , Mousar , Mouzar , Mowueseer , Mowzar , Murall , Musar , Muzar , ※ SOURCE for Manjir see source « Momzir » above « den 15. Dez. Vom Tsjai Talg bis Manjir 3 Farsach, von Manjir bis Karawanserei und Deb Domba 4 Farsach, Summa 7 Farsach. [December 15th. From Tsjai Talg to Manjir 3 Farsach, from Manjir to Caravanserai and Deb Domba 4 Farsach, Summa 7 Farsach.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 116 ※ SOURCE for Manjir-i Kuchik (Mensir Kieschik) see source « Momzir » above ※ SOURCE for Maufer « Di buon'ora il Lunedi 27. ripigliammo il cammino e paſſate appena 5. miglia di pianura, cominciammo a falire e fcendere per precipitevoli montagne, per lo ſpazio di 20, miglia, fino al Karvanferà di Ciartalk. [Early on Monday the 27th we resumed our journey and having passed just 5 miles across the plain, we began to tread and descend steep mountains, for the space of 20 miles, up to the Karvanferà of Ciartalk.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p.268 ※ SOURCE for Mauser « We took shelter in a caravanserai called Mauser, where the jurisdiction of Shiraz begins.(22) It is located near a stream and some palms that produce dates. Since it is not a town, and there are no other houses, some men stay there who sell bread of the kind described, rice, meat, hens, and every other thing for people and animals to eat. I saw that they give animals flour with water to refresh them. At night those people close the doors ofnthe caravanserai for greater security. (22) fn. 22. I have not been able to identify the presentday name of Bembo's "Deadumbae." "Mauser" may be Mansurabad. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 295 ※ SOURCE for Moeſoer « . Ontrent 10 uuren voor de middag quamen wy tot Moeſoer, en namen ons verblyf in tenten Moefoer. by een beek, of rievier, daar een kofte- lyke plantagic van Dadels, Limoenen, Orangien, en andere vrugt-boomen ftond. [About 10 o'clock before noon we arrived at Mufur and took up our abode in Mufur tents. by a brook, or river, there was a large plantation of dates, limes, oranges, and other fruit trees.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 264 ※ SOURCE for Mofetis « Den 24. dito vertrok zyn Ed;: gelyk bevorens des nachts, en quam, na uuren rydens aan de Karrawanſera Mofetis. [On the 24th his Ed departed as before at night, and arrived, after hours' riding, at the Karrawanſera Mofetis.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273 ※ SOURCE for Moffir « Den 26. dito quam zyn Ed:, na 4 mylen over den berg Hoſſenni gevoeteerd te hebben, in de Karrawaanſera Moffir. [On the 26th his Ed:, after having walked four miles over the mountain Hoſſenni, arrived in the Karrawaanſera Moffir.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Momzir « a very ſtony Plain about half an hour after Nine we came to a fair Kervanferay, ſtanding alone by it ſelſ, and called Momzir, having a great ſquare Bafon before the Gate, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 120 « then onwards through a stony plain, one arrived at a fair karavansaray, called Manjir, in front of which was a basin that was filled by a stream. Because there was no-one to sell food or fodder Thevenot did not stay there.(95) Kaempfer called it Manjir-i Kuchik (Mensir Kieschik), and states that it had a large garden and cistern. (96) Otherwise, it was a sober karavansaray, standing isolated, but with many fruit trees (dates, lemons and oranges) and many other kinds of fruit. There were no victuals for sale here; in 1702 its karavansaray was, though small, new.(97) fn. 95 Thevenot, vol. II, p. 129 (Momzir); Tavernier, p. 316 (Mouezere).fn. 96 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 116; Fryer, vol. II, p. 200, an eight cornered karavansaray (Mousar); Hedges, p. 206 (Mowueseer), with an old ruinous karavansaray and sorry water.fn. 97 Valentijn, p. 264 (Moesoer, Mossir; Mosetis). In 1651 there were some rähdārs who usually had some supplies for sale to travellers. Speelman, pp. 62-3 (Masuer); Winninx, 13 November (Mouser); Chardin, vol. VIII, p. 470 (Mouhser); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 315 (Mouseer). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p.77 ※ SOURCE for Mou-ʃeer « Etant arrivez fur les 8. heures au Caravanserai de Mou-ʃeer, nous y trouvames un carme, qui venoit de Gamron, [Having arrived at the Caravanserai of Mou-ʃeer around 8 o'clock, we found a Carmelite there, who came from Gamron,] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 315 ※ SOURCE for Mouezere « A une grande lieue au-delà on trouve un fort beau carvansera nommé Moüezeré au milieu d'un agréable bocage où il y a de bonne eau de source, mais comme on n'y trouve point de vivres, on pousse jusqu'à Detadombé, bon village situé dans une plaine. [A large league beyond we find a very beautiful carvansera called Moüezeré in the middle of a pleasant bocage where there is good spring water, but as we find no food there, we push on as far as Detadombé, good village located on a plain.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 316 ※ SOURCE for Mouhser « A la moitié de la descente, on trouve un grand bassin de pierre, couvert de grands arbres, dans lequel coule une eau de roche claire et excellente, et que le couvert conserve fraiche en tout temps. Le gite est un caravanserai grand et beau, nommé Mouliser (1), devant lequel coule aussi un ruis- seau sous des arbres de diverses espèces, orangers, grenadiers, dattiers et autres. J'y demeurai le reste du jour et le suivant, à faire reposer mes chevaux et mes gens, qui étoient tous fort fati- gués des traites précédentes. fn. 1 Thévenot écrit mounzir (peut-être faut-il lire moussyr), et place ce kiravanseray à quatre åghâtch du précédent. (L-s.) [Halfway down the descent, we find a large stone basin, covered with large trees, into which clear and excellent rock water flows, and which the cover keeps fresh at all times. The cottage is a large and beautiful caravanserai, named Mouliser (1), in front of which also flows a stream under trees of various species, orange trees, pomegranate trees, date palms and others. I remained there the rest of the day and the next, resting my horses and my people, who were all very tired from the previous milkings. fn. 1 Thévenot writes mounzir (perhaps we should read moussyr), and places this kiravanseray four åghâtch from the previous one. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 pp. 469-470 ※ SOURCE for Mourer « 16 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 ※ SOURCE for Mousar « Mousar » in {map#1209 Persia., Martin, R.M.,Tallis, J. and F., 1851, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 0466.036 fig. } « Mousar » in {map#1208 , Dower, John, Higgins, W.M., 1832, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 0247.088} see source « Momzir » above « From Bonaru to Mousar (1), another Eight-square Caravan, are Fifteen Miles, fine, plain, and easy way; near the Caravan Ser Raw was a pleasant Garden, the utmost extent of the Caun of Lhor's Dominions on this Road. fn. 1 This is apparently the place which Tavernier (252) calls Mouezeré, "in the midst of a pleasant Grove, where there is an excellent spring of water"; or the Mowuseer of Hedges (Diary, i, 206), who calls it, "an old ruinous Caravan-Sarai, and sorry water." Fryer seems here to have confused his distances, which are not easily reconcileable with the maps. He may have halted at Mansūrābād, instead of at the neighbouring and more important town of Juwun. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 200 ※ SOURCE for Mouzar « Mouzar » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 14 Karawanenwege zwischen Djahrom und Lar und Khondj und Lar sowie südlich und östlich von Lar} ※ SOURCE for Mowueseer « August 17. We rose from Bocktearee and travelled this night to Mowueseer, an old, ruinous Caravan-Sarai; and sorry Water.August 18.-We rose from Mowueseer and lodged at Chatalkee, a spacious Caravan-Sarai, with plenty of good fresh water and provisions. »#3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 206 ※ SOURCE for Murall « Att 4 sett out the 26th for Bonaroo, 10 farsangs; the first 2 farsangs bad war. Went over a small mountain; at the bottom a fine small spring of good water where supped and went 2 farsangs more to Murall, pretty good way. Arrived 8 at night; lay there in small but good caravensaroy till about 1 in the morning, then sett out for Bonaroo, and farsangs more; good way. Bonaroo, indeferent caravensaroy, but large village, lyes at the foot of severall mountains meeting togather. note: Diary of 26 February 1707/8. Murall seems to be an error for Musall, the Momzer of Thévenot (Pt. II, 129), which had " a fair Karvanseray, standing alone by itself." It is the Monsar of Fryer (II, 200) which Crooke thinks perhaps may represent Mansûrâbâd (ibid, n. 1). Le Bruyn, who was at the place in 1706 (II, 135), calls it Mousel. Rennell's map has Momzir. The name is not found on the modern maps: it lay somewhere close to Jûwûn. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 42 and 48 ※ SOURCE for Musar « Musar » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} ※ SOURCE for Muzar « Das Karavanserail Muzar, das nach Orta Rebelo um 1605 erbaut worden sein dürfte (32), wird als oktogonales Gebäude beschrieben, welches im Auftrag eines „Cambarabeque, Gouverneur von Laar" errichtet wurde. Hedges sah es 1685 in Ruinen liegend (33), Gemelli-Carreri 1694 (34) und LeBrun 1705 (35) beschreiben es als wieder neu erbaut. fn. 32 Nicolao de Orta Rebelo, Relation de Voyage. In: J. v. Serrao, Un voyageur portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle (1972) 111. fn. 33 Hedges30 206.fn. 34 Gemelli-Carreri17, Giro del Mondo, II. Persia, Nea- pel (1699-1704) 270.fn. 35 LeBrun8 316. [The Muzar caravanserai, which according to Orta Rebelo was probably built around 1605 (32), is described as an octagonal building, which was built on the orders of a "Cambarabeque, governor of Laar". Hedges saw it in ruins in 1685 (33), Gemelli-Carreri 1694 (34) and LeBrun 1705 (35) describe it as newly built. fn. 32 Nicolao de Orta Rebelo, Relation de Voyage. In: J. v. Serrao, Un voyageur portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle (1972) 111. fn. 33 Hedges30 206. fn. 34 Gemelli-Carreri17, Giro del Mondo, II. Persia, Naples (1699-1704) 270.fn. 35 LeBrun8 316.] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lae-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ pp. 294-5 Moyechaw : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.1905 long 52.789 Supplement: not known VARIANT names: Moyechaw , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Moyechaw AT Mozaffari lat 29.1905 long 52.789 [], ※ SOURCE for Moyechaw « Next day to Coughton, to Vnghea next, thence to Moyechaw, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132 « Next day to Coughton [Kuidunā?], where the people in few years before suffered in an high measure by locusts, which these parts are sometimes infested with.The next day we got to Unghea; the day following to Moyechaw; the next to Pully-pot-shaw (1) fn. 1 This place (like the two preceding ones) has not been identified. The name is evidently Pul-i-Padshah, the bridge of the Emperor'. Herbert's itinerary (see appendix) adds the name of another stage, viz. Emoom (not identified). Clearly the cavalcade did not keep strictly to the usual route. » #3247 ed. Foster, William, Thomas Herbert travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ pp. 66-7 Mozafari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.738831 long 54.381786 † basis (unknown, approximate location coordinates) Supplement: Lingah to Allamurdhesht, 4 stages total given 126 miles, actual distance 166 miles. Prorata stage 28 miles to 37 and stage 42 to 55. Mozafari possibly a farm. VARIANT names: Mozafari , ※ SOURCE for Mozafari [Mozafari possibly a farm.] « Mozafari in route Lingah to Shiraz» #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 344 Mozaffarabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075949 coordinate: lat 29.642297 long 57.410057 NIMA/GNS names: Mozaffarabad , Mozaffarabad-e Rayen , Muzaffarabad , مظفر آباد , VARIANT names: Mozaffarabad , Musafirabad , ※ SOURCE for Musafirabad #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7, 45:648-60 ~ p. 655 Musafirabad Mozaffari : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075958 coordinate: lat 29.1905 long 52.789 NIMA/GNS names: Mozaffari , Muzaffari , مظفری , VARIANT names: Akbar Abad , Carvanfera Mazaffri , Carvanfera Mozaffri , Chesimon moddafar , Mazafri , Moeſafari , Moffe-farie , Moozaferie , Mosaffry , Mouza fari , Mouzafferi , Mouzeferi , Mouzeferi , Mozaffari , Mufiſeri , Musaferree , Musafiri , Mussaferry , Musubecky , Myrsa Feri , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Mozaffari FOR Moyechaw [], ※ SOURCE for Akbar Abad « Persian text omitted. Akbar AbadThey move from Abbas Abad to Akbar Abad, it is five farsakhs and it is flat. There is no water across the road in Akbarabad, there are no castles, houses or dwellings. It is the water of the well. » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 585 ※ SOURCE for Carvanfera Mazaffri « 9 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 384 ※ SOURCE for Carvanfera Mozaffri « 21 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 ※ SOURCE for Chesimon moddafar « The fourth day we came to a faire Can, called Chesimon moddafar and the same day wee had raine. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 461 ※ SOURCE for Mazafri « Mazafri » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} ※ SOURCE for Moeſafari « Wy hielden ons verblyf in een goede Karrawanfera Moeſafari genaamd; dog cenzaam, en zagen in de voornoemde Valey veel dorpen en geboomte.. Hier heeft men moeraflige ricvieren, alwaar eenige Carpers, redelyk groot, met een augel-roede gevangen wierden. [We stayed in a good Karrawanfera called Muſafari; very slowly, and saw many villages and trees in the aforementioned valley. Here there are swampy rivers, where some carp, quite large, were caught with a fishing rod.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 263 ※ SOURCE for Moffe-farie « Nous continuames notre voyage le lendemain après-midi,arrivâmes fur les 9. heures au Caravanserai de Moffe-farie. [We continued our journey the next afternoon, and arrived around 9 o'clock at the Caravanserai of Moffe-farie. ] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 512 ※ SOURCE for Moozaferie « The 26th we sett forward over a litI hill, and afterwardes came to a plain more plesant in sight and for to travell but not soe well waterd as the playne of Siras, yet ther is a tanck at the on end weh hath admirable god water; this playne in length is 6 lges. and in bredth 3 lges. Here wepicht in a caravansero named Moozaferie [Muzaffariya],haueing traveled 6 1ges. of very fayrewaye. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p. 79 ※ SOURCE for Mosaffry « Den 5den dito geraekten ongeveer met den middagh ruym vijff mijlen verder, in den wegh bij verscheyde hoopen ontrent 200 Insteselen ontmoet hebbende, in de carewansera van redelije gemack Mosaffry, (1) f. n. 1 Müzaffarabad op de Simla kaart, dat is dan Muzaffir de over-winnaar of met een, zooals in het verbaal gespeld, reiziger; en abad=woonplaats (als abode, Eng.) De overleden Shah Muzaffir-ed-din=de overwinnaar (in dienst) van het geloof. Alle reizigers vermeldendeze plaats en de karavanserai met veel lof. Tavernier vond er, voor deneersten keer in Perzie, zwarte truffels (in onderscheiding van de witte,die er veelvuldig voorkomen, doch wier smaak niet op die van dezwarte gelijkt.) [On the 5th we reached about five miles further at about noon, having met several heaps of about 200 Insteselen in the road, in the carewansera of reasonable ease Mosaffry, (1)f. n. 1 Müzaffarabad on the Simla map, that is Muzaffir the victor or with a, as verbally spelled, traveler; and abad= residence (as abode, Eng.) The late Shah Muzaffir-ed-din= the conqueror (in service) of the faith. All travelers mention this place and the caravanserai with great praise. Tavernier found, for the first time in Persia, black truffles (in distinction from the white ones, which are common there, but whose taste does not resemble that of the black ones.)] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 82 ※ SOURCE for Mouza fari « Le caravanserai où je logeai, se nomme Mouza fari (2). Il est spacieux et fort commode, situé au pied d'une éminence, à trente pas d'un gros ruisseau, qui sort des montagnes voisines,fn. (2) Le käravansér?y Mouzaffary, c'est-à-dire, dont le fon- dateur se nommoit Mouzafier, est mentionné avec une orthegro phe plus ou moins altérée par C. Le Brayn, Thévenot, etc. (L-s.) [The caravanserai where I stayed is called Mouza fari (2). It is spacious and very convenient, located at the foot of an eminence, thirty steps from a large stream, which flows from the neighboring mountains, fn. (2) The käravansér?y Mouzaffary, that is to say, whose founder was named Mouzafier, is mentioned with a more or less altered spelling by C. Le Brayn, Thévenot, etc. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 460 ※ SOURCE for Mouzafferi « Le lendemain je partis au jour et arrivai à un carvansera qui est grand et bien bati, mais seul et éloigné des villages. Il s'appelle Mouzafferi, et c'est le seul lieu de la Perse où j'aie trouvé des trufles noires, aussi grosses et aussi bonnes que nos trufles de Dauphiné. [The next day I left at daylight and arrived at a carvansera which is large and well built, but alone and far from the villages. It's called Mouzafferi, and it's the only place in Persia where I found black truffles, as big and as good as our Dauphiné truffles.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 310 ※ SOURCE for Mouzeferi « Six in the Morning, and marched South-East in a great green Plain, full of Heath, where we faw on both hands feveral Villages, and a great many Flocks of Sheep feeding: having Travelled there till half an hour after two in the Afternoon, we arrived at a Kervanjeray, flanding by it felf, and called Mouzeferi, ſeven Agatfeb from Baba-Adgi » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 127 ※ SOURCE for Mouzeferi « we arrived at a Kervanʃeray, ſtanding by it ſelſ, and called Mouzeferi, ſeven Agaisch fromBaba-Adgi, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 127 ※ SOURCE for Mufiſeri « Avendo ſmarrita la ſtrada in vicinanza del Karvanſerà, ne facemmo condurre dauna guida, e così fmontammo nel Karvanſerà di Mufiſeri dopo 20. miglia, e ſette ore di ſtrada; benche per lo cam mino ordinario vi fiano 25. miglia dal Karvanſerà di Babagi. [Having missed the road in the vicinity of the Karvanſerà, we had a guide lead us, and so we mounted the Karvanſerà of Mufiſeri after 20 miles, and ſseven hours of road; although by the ordinary route it is 25. miles from the Karvanſerà of Babagi.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 265 ※ SOURCE for Musaferree « 22nd [February]. In the morning sett out for Musaferree, 7 farsangs, good way except for a farang at the begining w[h]ere you goe over a small hill, and little stoney way in sight of Bobalodge. Arrived about 2 afternoon. note: Diary of 22 February 1707/8. Musaferree. Muzaffarî. See Fryer, II, 208, n. 2. At "Mosse-ferrie," Le Bruyn, who arrived there at nine at night in August 1705, "went a fishing with flambeaux and caught some carp and cray fish" (II, 64). On his second visit in November 1706, he found "so much company" at "Moesa-farie "that "there was not room to lodge above half of them tho' the Caravanserai is very large and commodious" (II, 137). » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 41 and 47 ※ SOURCE for Musafiri « (19) to Musafiri 5 farsakhs. A caravansarai at the foot of a mountain. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 notes ※ SOURCE for Mussaferry « F'rom hence to Mussaferry (2) we toiled through rugged and uneasy Ways to a very splendid Caravan Ser Raw, some Fourteen Miles more, where we took our Rest: fn. 2 Mazafri of Wilson’s map. “ Mouzafferi, and it is the only place in Persia where I met with black Saligots, or water-nuts, as big and as good as those in Dauphine ” (Tavernier, 257). Hedges (i, 207) calls it Mussaferee. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 208 ※ SOURCE for Musubecky « Gegen Musubecky ist alles verwildet / und ein gar langes Steinnachtiges Ges burg. [Towards Musubecky everything is wild / and a very long stone night castle.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 263 ※ SOURCE for Myrsa Feri « den 9. Dez. zur Karawanserei Myrsa Feri (Mirså Farid) (?) ... Links am Beginn des Berges lag eine Karawanserei mit dem Namen Mirså Seri (Ssåri). [December 9th to the caravanserai Myrsa Feri (Mirså Farid) (?) ... To the left at the beginning of the mountain was a caravanserai called Mirså Seri (Ssåri). ] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 111 Mozaffari Caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.195181 long 53.1682 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Mozaffari Caravanserai کاروانسرای مظفری VARIANT names: Karavanserail (Madresseh) Madar-e Suleiman (Soleyman) (Pasargadae) , Mozaffari Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail (Madresseh) Madar-e Suleiman (Soleyman) (Pasargadae) « Lage: 150 m nördlich des Kyros-Grabes, das in der er-sten Hälfte des 13. Jahrhunderts in ein islamisches Heiligtum (Madar-e Suleiman) umgewandelt wurde, im Gebiet der achaemenidischen Ruinen von Pasargadae, in +1900 m ü. N. N., an der mittelalterlichen Karawanenstraße von Esfa-han nach Shiraz, die durch die Schlucht (Tang-e Bulaghi) südlich von Madar-e Suleiman führte, jedoch wohl nicht im Verlauf des achaemenidischen Felsenkanals in dieser Schlucht, sondern bei günstigerem Wasserstand entlang dem Pulvar-Flußbett (83). ... Der Grundriß kann sowohl eine Madresseh in Verbin-dung mit dem Heiligtum (Kyros-Grab), als auch ein Kara-vanserail darstellen. Wahrscheinlich ist der Bau, zumindest im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert, als Straßenstation benutzt wor-den. Abmessungen: Außenmaße 45,20 × 40,30 m, Hofabmes-sungen 18,50 × 16,50 m. fn. 82 AMI 12, 1979, 284 f. fn. 83 AMI 24, 1991, 27 ff. [Location: 150 m north of the tomb of Cyrus, which was converted into an Islamic sanctuary (Madar-e Suleiman) in the first half of the 13th century, in the area of ??the Achaemenid ruins of Pasargadae, at 1900 m above sea level, on the medieval caravan route from Esfahan to Shiraz, which led through the gorge (Tang-e Bulaghi) south of Madar-e Suleiman. However, probably not along the course of the Achaemenid rock canal in this gorge, but rather, at more favorable water levels, along the Pulvar riverbed (83). ... The ground plan could represent either a madreh connected to the sanctuary (Cyrus' tomb) or a caravanserai. The building was probably used as a roadside station, at least in the 18th and 19th centuries. Dimensions: External dimensions 45.20 × 40.30 m, courtyard dimensions 18.50 × 16.50 m. fn. 82 AMI 12, 1979, 284 ff. fn. 83 AMI 24, 1991, 27 ff.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 68 Mozaffari site : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.168525 long 52.816833 VARIANT names: Mozaffari site , ※ SOURCE for Mozaffari site « Mozaffari site This site is located among the agricultural lands in the east of Mozaffari village in Kavar plain [Fig. 1, no. 58]. The mentioned site is 30 x 40 and 3 meters high. A major area of this site has been destroyed due to the advancement of agricultural lands [Fig. 22]. This site is located at the latitude and longitude of 29° 10' 669'' North and 52° 49' 060'' East at an altitude of 1517 meters above sea level. There is a column base on the surface of Dashqab site A, which has a 50 cm diameter torus. The elevation of this stone column base is 50 cm. The carving stone on the surface of this column base is rough ground and the polish on its surface has not been enough [Fig. 23]. The material of the column base is made of white rock stone. Although the quality of the column base is low compared to the Achaemenid ones, for the mentioned reason, the strength of the stone chosen for this monument is important. » #3413 Alireza Askari Chaverdi, Achaemenid settlements in the Shiraz, Sepidan and Kavar Plains, Iran, Historia i Swiat, 2024 ~ p. 82 Mubarakabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075246 coordinate: lat 28.359677 long 53.328182 NIMA/GNS names: Mobarakabad , Mubarakabad , مبارک آباد , VARIANT names: Mebarukabad , Mubarakabad , ※ SOURCE for Mebarukabad « 4. MEBARÚKABAD-16 miles-91 miles. On quitting Jehrúm* we proceeded along the plain and crossed some low hills, 2 miles west of the town. This brought us into a valley, through which we passed by a very rough road. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 664 ※ SOURCE for Mubarakabad « For about 9 miles on our way up the wide valley leading to Mubārākābād, traces of former habitations and terraced fields were observed at numerous points on ground now given over to Qashqai grazing-camps. Mubarakābād, a large walled village, was found almost wholly in ruins, a condition accounted for by predatory raids and the ravages of an epidemic years before. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 132 Mubarakabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075248 coordinate: lat 29.25 long 53.950917 NIMA/GNS names: Khir , Mobarakabad , Mubarakabad , مبارک آباد , VARIANT names: Mubarakabad , Mubarekabad , ※ SOURCE for Mubarekabad « Twenty-three miles and a half brought us to the village Mubarekabad, and at the 24th the lake appeared to terminate at a bearing due N., but this was not really the case; its southern shore had taken a bend northwards, and the presence of some high rocks shut out from view the continuance of the water to the westward; it was at this point about 14 mile distant. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 73 Mud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075983 coordinate: lat 32.708114 long 59.523424 NIMA/GNS names: Mood Nahar Khan , Mud , Mud-e Dahanab , مود , VARIANT names: Mod , Mood , Mud , Mude , Mut , Sunday , ※ SOURCE for Mod « From Duruh to the flourishing village of Husainábád, the older town of Sar-Bishah, the old fort and modern village of Mod, » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 76 ※ SOURCE for Mood « Mood-5 parasangs-an open village, 400 houses; the inhabitants » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 437 ※ SOURCE for Mude « The 19th we came to a village named Mude, [Mo-ti,] where also are carpets. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 215 ※ SOURCE for Mut « Von hier kamen wir in das Dorff Müt. Die Einwohner treiben mit den vorhin gedachten einerley Nahrung. [From here we came to the village of Müt. The inhabitants trade the same food as mentioned above.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 66 ※ SOURCE for Sunday « The 12. day wee went some 3. forsongs ouer the plaines.The 13. day we trauelled some 5. forsongs ouer the plaines and rested till the 14. day at night, and then tra|uelled some 7. forsongs and a halfe.The 15. day wee came to a Towne called Sunday where we rested that night and all the next day and night. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 51 Mud fort : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.563021 long 54.396734 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mud fort , ※ SOURCE for Mud fort « The road crosses it by a masonry bridge, all the arches of which are under water. It has a stone parapet about 2' 6" high and a paved roadway which is just passable to guns. In rainy seasons the bridge becomes completely submerged, and all communication between the banks is rendered impossible. The rising ground of the left bank completely commands, and also outflanks, the right of any position on the right bank for defending the bridge. Half a mile to the right is a square mud fort with round towers, and a little lower down, on the opposite bank, are a few buildings and trees. Leaving the bridge the road runs up an ascent, which, at first gentle, grows steep, and just before reaching the summit is narrow and rocky. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 67 « قلعه دروازه » Mudayrah 19 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 515 566 converted to coordinate: lat 23.11122 long 58.47942 VARIANT names: Mudayrah 19 , ※ SOURCE for Mudayrah 19 « Mudbrick dwelling » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 43 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Mudhaider Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.050435 long 55.179586 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mudhaider Castle , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.267815 long 57.316296 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mogostan , Mogostao , Mughestan , Mughistan , ※ SOURCE for Mogostan « fn.2 The original city of Ormuz, or Hormuz, was situated on the eastern shore of the Gulf of Persia, in the province of Mogostan, and kingdom of Kirman. » #127 Polo, Marco, The Travels of Marco Polo the Venetian, J.M. Dent and Sons Limited:E.P. Dutton and Co, 1926 ~ p. 63 ※ SOURCE for Mogostao « fortaleza do Mogostāo » in {map#1046 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 8., Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see AHduGP map 32 « [terra] do Mogostao » in {map#1019 Anonymous Portuguese Planisphere, Pero Fernandes (?), 1545, Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Kartensammlung, FKB 272/11} see AHduGP map 20 and PMC vol. I pl. 79 « O qual Rei senhoreava da Ilha Gerum até a de Baharém, tendo por vezinho um Rei per nome Gordum-xá, cujo estado era na terra da Pérsia defronte desta Ilha Gerum, em úa comarca per nome Mogostão (1), que quere dizer Palmar em língua pársea rústica, e em párseo antigo Ormuz, onde tinha úa cidade dêste nome, que nos tempos passados foi tam célebre, que Ptolomeu em a sua Geografia a situou na sexta Távoa de Ásia, chamando-lhe Armuza, a qual ao presente é destruída, em cujas ruínas está úa fortaleza chamada Cuxtaque, e outros dizem não ser esta senão a de Minau, situada sobre um rio cabedal que rega o Mogostão. [Which King ruled from Gerum Island to that of Baharém, having a King by name Gordum-shah, whose state was in the land of Persia in front of this Gerum Island, in a comarca by name Mogostão (1), which means Palmar in in rustic Parseian, and in ancient Parseian Ormuz, where there was a city of this name, which in former times was so famous that Ptolemy in his Geography placed it on the sixth Table of Asia, calling it Armuza, which at present is destroyed , in the ruins of which there is a fortress called Cuxtaque, and others say that this is none other than that of Minau, located on a leathery river that waters Mogostão.] » #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ pp. 50-1 ※ SOURCE for Mughestan location estimated from «Figure 1. South Persia and the Gulf » in » #1698 Faridany, E. K., Signal Defeat: the Portuguese Loss of Comorão in 1614 and its Political and Commercial Consequences at Portugal, The Persian Gulf and Safavid Persia Conference, 8-9 September 2007 The Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, Washington, 2007 ~ p. 2 ※ SOURCE for Mughistan « It was from the direction of Mughistan, Minab, Manujan and Vashkird,(9) that the major overland caravans came and went, linking Hormuz to the cities of Persia and from there to the Levantine ports and markets. These four Persian districts together yielded about a third of Hormuz's revenue, (10) as shown in Table 2.1. fn. 9 See Map VI. fn.10 Aubin, 'Le Royaume d'Ormuz', p. 141. » #2426 Mohammed Hameed Salman, Aspects of Portuguese Rule in the Arabian Gulf, 1521-1622 Being a Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of Hull, 2004 ~ p. 90 Mughsayl : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788119 coordinate: lat 16.884064 long 53.790946 NIMA/GNS names: Al Mughsayl , Maghsail , Mughsayl , المغسيل , مغسيل , VARIANT names: Mughsayl , Muhammadabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073476 coordinate: lat 28.9995 long 53.0415 NIMA/GNS names: Mahmudabad , Mohammadabad , Muhammadabad , محمود آباد , VARIANT names: Muhammadabad , Mühle(mill) Lar : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.689135 long 54.331488 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mühle(mill) Lar , ※ SOURCE for Mühle(mill) Lar « Folgt man dem Kanalsystem weiter nach Süden, so stößt man nach etwa 800 m am östlichen Ufer auf die Reste einer noch teilweise erhaltenen Mühle. Das aus Bruchstein- mauerwerk errichtete Gebäude besteht aus einer spitz zulaufenden Kuppel von 10 m Basisdurchmesser und vier Eingängen, zwischen denen halbrunde Nischen liegen. [If you follow the canal system further south, after about 800 m you will come across the remains of a partially preserved mill on the eastern bank. The building, made of quarry stone masonry, consists of a tapered dome with a base diameter of 10 m and four entrances, between which there are semicircular niches. ] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p. 361 « Weiter durch eine steinige öde Ebene ¼ Farsach, bald nach einer Krümmung nadi SO zu einer Mühle, wo byschä (Bischa Wald) aus Konår, Gäs, die hier 5 Mann dick waren, und Chark (Charq, eine Strauchart), die vom Berge bis hierher häufig waren. [Continue through a stony barren plain ¼ Farsach, soon after a bend to the SE to a mill, where byschä (Bischa forest) from Konår, Gäs, which here were 5 men thick, and Chark (Charq, a type of shrub), which from the mountain to came here often.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 120 Muhsinabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075580 coordinate: lat 32.728889 long 52.769722 NIMA/GNS names: Mohsenabad , Muhsinabad , VARIANT names: Merdeſchebat , Muhsinabad , ※ SOURCE for Merdeſchebat « Die Nacht des 26. Julii, reiseten wir mehren Theils/und blieben im Dorffe Merdeſchebat, unter der Botmäßigkeit des Mirsam Mehemetabol. Hier ist gut Wasser. An Schafen/und andern Nothwendigkeiten/ ist kein Mangel. [On the night of July 26, we traveled for a while and stayed in the village of Merdeshebat, under the authority of Mirsam Mehemetabol. There is good water here. There is no shortage of sheep and other necessities.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 62 Muhya 5 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 903 628 converted to coordinate: lat 23.16318 long 58.85894 VARIANT names: Muhya 5 , ※ SOURCE for Muhya 5 « Cairn tombs, 'vertical stone' monument » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 40 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Muhya 6A : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 890 617 converted to coordinate: lat 23.1534 long 58.84611 VARIANT names: Muhya 6A , ※ SOURCE for Muhya 6A « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 41 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Muhya 6B : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 882 615 converted to coordinate: lat 23.15169 long 58.83827 VARIANT names: Muhya 6B , ※ SOURCE for Muhya 6B « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 41 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Muk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075999 coordinate: lat 29.1017 long 52.648 NIMA/GNS names: Mook , Muk , Shahrak-e Muk , شهرک موک , VARIANT names: Muk , Muk chahar taq : arch. site IRN UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 29.105139 long 52.653183 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Muk chahar taq , ※ SOURCE for Muk chahar taq « C'est à nouveau dans une région montagneuse que nous trouvons les ruines de ce troisième temple du feu. Le village du Mük ¹) se trouve en effet à 40 km. environ au nord de Firūzābād, à 2 km. à l'est de la grande route qui relie Shirāz à cette cité après avoir descendu le Gardānah-i Gir-i Bahman. A 500 m. au nord-est de ce village se dressent les ruines du Chahar Taq sur une plate-forme rectangulaire de 45 m. 16 m. de large (PI. XXXVI, 3). de long surL'édifice lui-même est de plan carré et mesure 8,90 m. extérieurement, et 4,90 m. intérieurement. Du Chahår Täq même ne subsistent plus que les deux piliers du côté nord-est ainsi que l'are qui les relie, et une partie des deux piliers du côté sud-ouest. [III. THE CHAHAR TAQ OF MÜKIt is again in a mountainous region that we find the ruins of this third temple of fire. The village of Mük ¹) is in fact located about 40 km. north of Firūzābād, 2 km. east of the main road which connects Shirāz to this city after having descended the Gardānah-i Gir-i Bahman. 500 m. north-east of this village stand the ruins of the Chahar Taq on a rectangular platform 45 m. 16 m. wide (PI. XXXVI, 3). long byThe building itself is square in plan and measures 8.90 m. externally, and 4.90 m. internally. Of the Chahår Täq itself, only the two pillars on the north-east side and the are which connects them, and part of the two pillars on the south-west side, remain.] » #3402 Vanden Berghe, L, Nouvelles découvertes de monuments du feu d'epoque sassanides, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1965 Vol.5: pp.128-147 ~ p. 134 Mukhharabad (ruins) Car: ? : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none coordinate: lat 33.067876 long 48.025169 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: building has round tower at eastern corner VARIANT names: Mukhharabad (ruins) Car: ? , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Mukhharabad (ruins) Car: ? AT Mishvand lat 33.0678 long 48.025022 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Mukhharabad (ruins) Car: ? « Mukhharabad (ruins) Car: ? » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} « MUKHBARABAD LAT. 33° 5' N.; LONG. 480° 7' E.; ELEV. 3,713.A halting place in the Mishvand valley in Luristán, 16 miles south of NasirAbad, on the road from Kurramabad to Dizfül. There is a telegraph station here. Also a post-house. (Schindler.) A valley formerly called Mishvand; here there is a building, comprising caravanserai and telegraph office, which was deserted. A good stream of water runs close by; the country is open and offers every inducement for cultivation. (Report of a Journey through the Bakhtiari country to Shustar.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 p. 755 Mukhi : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788139 coordinate: lat 26.20919 long 56.218723 NIMA/GNS names: Makhda , Makhi , Mukhi , موخي , VARIANT names: Mukhi , Mukhi 19 : arch. site OMN UTM: DD222988 converted to coordinate: lat 26.206624320705 long 56.2212511134375 VARIANT names: Mukhi 19 , ※ SOURCE for Mukhi 19 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 40 Mukhtar : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 31.626009 long 64.501656 VARIANT names: Mukhtar , ※ SOURCE for Mukhtar A large fortified site in the area of Lashkar Gah, Mukhtar likely contained a Hellenistic temple. online reference link [accessed 23 May 2025] Mulla Vardi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075686 coordinate: lat 27.2897298369693 long 54.5592032358112 Supplement: NIMA/GNS data set for Mulla Vardi corrected VARIANT names: Moolah Werdi , Mulla Vardi , Mulla Wardi , ※ SOURCE for Moolah Werdi « At 13 miles cross a salt stream flowing east; banks gentle and sandy; water 2 feet deep and 15 to 20 yards wide, fordable in all weathers. Then over level ground to the hamlet of Moolah Werdi. Distance, 14¼ miles. Time, 6 hours. Road good, except from 3 to 6 miles, when it is unfit for guns. A small hamlet of 7 houses. Large date tree plantations. Supplies none. Water from a well is scarce. Elevation about 1,025 feet. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 9 ※ SOURCE for Mulla Vardi 27.289729836969254, 54.55920323581122 ※ SOURCE for Mulla Wardi « Mulla Wardi » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Munayzif 8 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 991 677 converted to coordinate: lat 23.20638 long 58.9455 VARIANT names: Munayzif 8 , ※ SOURCE for Munayzif 8 « Boulder circle » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 41 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Mund or Qara Aghach r : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.090793 long 52.864726 VARIANT names: Mund or Qara Aghach r , ※ SOURCE for Mund or Qara Aghach r « Mund or Qara Aghach r » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, Shiraz H-39Q, , The University of Chicago} Mundigak : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 31.9038889 long 65.5233333 NIMA/GNS names: Mondah Gak , Mondi Gak , Mundagak , Mundigak , VARIANT names: Mundigak , Munk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076025 coordinate: lat 31.732365 long 50.355375 NIMA/GNS names: Moonak , Munak , Munk , مونک , VARIANT names: Munk , Muqdadiyah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3102666 coordinate: lat 33.9786111 long 44.9369444 NIMA/GNS names: Al Miqdadiyah , Muqdadiyah , Shahraban , Shahroban , VARIANT names: Chehr-Abad , Muqdadiyah , ※ SOURCE for Chehr-Abad « Nous arrivames à midi et demi à Chehr-Abâd, où nous joignimes la caravane. Ce village assez considérable est à moitié ruiné. Situé sur un canal formé par la Diala, il est environné d'arbres, et renferme un bazar et un caravansérail. [We arrived at half past twelve at Chehr-Abâd, where we joined the caravan. This fairly large village is half ruined. Situated on a canal formed by the Diala, it is surrounded by trees and contains a bazaar and a caravanserai.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 221 Murad Bulaq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075768 coordinate: lat 34.784864 long 48.705791 NIMA/GNS names: Marand Bolaghi , Morad Bolaghi , Murad Bulaq , مراد بلاغی , مراد بلاغی , مرند بلاغی , موراد بولاق , VARIANT names: Murad Bulaq , ※ SOURCE for Murad Bulaq « At 13 miles is the village of Murad Bulaq, the inhabitants of which are Kurds, 30 houses, a qanat, and 400 sheep. Yearly produce 300 kharwars. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 241 Muradabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075757 coordinate: lat 33.180278 long 47.373611 NIMA/GNS names: Moradabad , Muradabad , VARIANT names: Muradabad , Yarabad , ※ SOURCE for Yarabad « The rest of the day's halt at Yārābād was used for the inspection of some localities where old remains had been reported. Following down the stream of Sikün, I first visited Dakara-i-Sikün, which proved to be a natural terrace with traces of old walls of uncertain age on the top. Further down, and not far from a bend of the Saimareh river, there was to be seen on a high terrace, some 400 yards across, a modern fort with mud-built walls called Zainal or Qal'a-i-Sadiqan. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 209-210 Murcheh Khort : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076036 coordinate: lat 33.089798 long 51.478793 NIMA/GNS names: Morcha-Khurt , Morcheh Khort , Murcheh Khort , Murcheh Khowrt , Murcheh Khur , Murcheh Khurd , مورچه خورت , VARIANT names: Murchakar , Murcheh Khort , ※ SOURCE for Murchakar « Not wishing to travel all night, I decided to occupy the rather squalid chajpar khaneh at Murchakar, after a journey of something like forty miles, and my notes respecting the start from this miserable little place the next morning give some idea of the material circumstances of travelling by carriage in Persia. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 291 Murdak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745206 coordinate: lat 28.443925 long 53.880119 NIMA/GNS names: Murdak , موردك , VARIANT names: Murdak , Murd-e Fal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076051 coordinate: lat 31.812407 long 49.683595 NIMA/GNS names: Boneh Rahmali , Moordfel , Murd-e Fal , Murdfal , بنه رحمالی , مورد فل , VARIANT names: Murd-e Fal , Murd-e Fal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076050 coordinate: lat 31.805991 long 49.67725 NIMA/GNS names: Moordfel , Murd-e Fal , مورد فل , VARIANT names: Murd-e Fal , Murdeh FIl ridge , ※ SOURCE for Murdeh FIl ridge « The following is the general configuration of the rocky valley which we here entered its western wall is the Kuh-i-Asmari, whose direction is broadly west by north to east by south, and its main eastern boundary is the Murdeh Fil ridge which runs from north by west to south by east. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 548 Murdi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076057 coordinate: lat 28.907426 long 53.917476 NIMA/GNS names: Mordeh , Murdi , Qal`eh-e Murdi , قلعه موردی , موردی , VARIANT names: Mordi , Murdi , ※ SOURCE for Mordi « After going another mile, rounding some low hills, the bed of a river, about 80 yards across, was passed; there was scarcely any water in it, even at this time of the year. Shortly afterwards (three-quarters of a mile) we came to a fair stream, crossed by a very primitive sort of bridge; three quarters of a mile further on and the village of Mordi was reached. The stream ran by the side of the road the whole way, and is known by the same name as the village. The village only contains 50 houses, 150 people; 2,000 máns wheat and barley and 70 máns of poppy- seed are sown yearly; also some Indian-corn, 20 oxen, and 600 sheep are owned by the village, but no donkeys or mules. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 6 ※ SOURCE for Murdi « Murdi » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Murghab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075797 coordinate: lat 30.274303 long 53.23065 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht-e Morghab , Mahalleh-ye Mashhad-e Morghab , Meshhed-i-Murghab , Morghab , Murghab , دشت مرغاب , محله مشهد مرغاب , VARIANT names: Mashad-i-Murghab , Murghab , ※ SOURCE for Mashad-i-Murghab « A steep descent brought us into the fertile plain of the Polvár, where we crossed two of its tributaries, and were delighted to strike the main road and the British telegraph line at Mashad-i-Murgháb. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 80 ※ SOURCE for Murghab « At 20 miles à fine stream is suddenly produced by a spring on the left of the road, which runs with great force, and waters the villages of Kadirabad and Murghab. Both these are large rich villages, the latter having a post-house built against the edge of a dry, flat plateau running out into the valley; the latter is swampy. The best g ground to encamp is above the village. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 189 Muru'iyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076088 coordinate: lat 31.023835 long 55.961168 NIMA/GNS names: Mooroo'eyeh Siriz , Moru , Mowru , Muru , Muru'iyeh , مورو , VARIANT names: Muru'iyeh , Muruni : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076032 coordinate: lat 33.253052 long 47.749087 NIMA/GNS names: Murani , Muruni , مورانی , VARIANT names: Muruni , Musandam : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: RGN UFI: -788579 coordinate: lat 26 long 56.25 NIMA/GNS names: Bani Hadiyah , Musandam , Ras el Jebel , Ro`ous al Jibal , Ru'us al Jibal , Ru'us al-Jabal , رؤوس الجبال , VARIANT names: Amsandam , Asabon , Aval , Cauo de Mada , Lima Mountains , Macae , Mossandam , Musandam , Museldom , Musendom , Musledom , Mykoi , Ru'ūs al-Djibal , ※ SOURCE for Amsandam « The only occurrence of this variant is in "Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government" [ see #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ ] and is most likely a transposition of the first two letters. » PBR ※ SOURCE for Asabon « inset | Asabon M. | HR | Hajar Mts. OMN / UAE | Sprenger 1875.140, 141, 143, 323; RE Suppl. 11 Zeeritai, col. 1352; Groom 1994, 203 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ p. 1346-7 « Macae = Mykoi » « inset | Maketa/Asabon Pr. |HR|Ras Musandam OMN | SPrenger 1875.143; Potts 1990, 301; Gromm 1994, 203 » « inset | Mykoi/Macae| HR | OMN / UAE | Potts 1985, 81-85; 1990, 14, 300-301, 323 » #846 ed. Talbert, Richard, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 p. 1347 ※ SOURCE for Aval « The neck of land terminating in Cape Mussendom, named by the Arabs Avâl, is divided by a chain of mountains ending at the cape. These are the Montes Eblitæi of Pliny, or 'the Mountains of Avâl.' » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 vol. 2 p. 225 ※ SOURCE for Cauo de Mada « On the Arabian peninsula, Mecca ("La mecha") is depicted with the Kaaba, the building at the center of Islam's most sacred mosque, Al-Masjid al-Haram, clearly visible, and, further south, "Adden" (Aden) can be found. Other place names include "Mascati" (Muscat), "Zarar" (Sohar) and "Cauo de Mada" (Musandam Peninsula), "Culfal" (Qatar). and "Bore" (Khobar). » #2214 Daniel Crouch Rare Books, The Vesconte Maggiolo Planisphere of 1531, Oct 19, 2016 ~ p. 42 ※ SOURCE for Lima Mountains « Dawn of the 24th [April 1620] brought the towering Lima Mountains (60) into view at a distance of one league or thereabouts. These mountains are higher and brush up closer to the sea than any others we had seen on our journey to date, and the sea was deeper at their base than anywhere we had seen along this coast. Indeed, we could have lain anchor there in seventy or 100 fathoms, had it been necessary. And this is why the mariners who follow this route are always ready and prepared to put about if they are running along the coast on a beam reach, even if it means going back the way they came. fn. 60 Present-day Hajar (meaning “stone”) Mountains, the highest mountain range in the eastern Arabian Peninsula, lying 50 to 100 km (31 to 62 mi) from the Gulf of Oman and separating the coastal plain from the high desert plateau. By Silva y Figueroa’s observation of the Isla de los Ratones and his sighting of the impressive height of the mountains, we assume that he is observing the summit of this mountain range, the elevation of which is 2,980 m (9,834 ft). » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017 ~ p.267 « that the Kottabani lie eastward of the Omanitae*, and extend to the mountains of the Asabi ; the chain termed by Pliny, the Eblitaean mountains,. . . now the mountains of Lima. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Publishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ vol. 1 p. 36 « These are the Montes Eblitæi of Pliny, or "the Mountains of Avâl" The opposite sides of this range (the Melanes Montes Asaborum* of Ptolemy) are peopled… * Ptolemy's nomenclature, here, receives curious elucidation from Lieut. Whitelock's “Sketch of the Entrance of the Persian Gulf." The mountains of Lima, it hence appears, are most appropriately denominated " the Mountains of the Asabi ;" » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Publishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ vol. 2 p. 226 fn. ※ SOURCE for Macae « Ptolemy's Macæ a tribe adjoining the Asaborum Promontorium » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 vol. 2 p. 225 « Macae = Mykoi » « inset | Maketa/Asabon Pr. |HR|Ras Musandam OMN | SPrenger 1875.143; Potts 1990, 301; Gromm 1994, 203 » « inset | Mykoi/Macae| HR | OMN / UAE | Potts 1985, 81-85; 1990, 14, 300-301, 323 » #846 ed. Talbert, Richard, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 p. 1347 ※ SOURCE for Mossandam « All this was done with the loss of only 6 Portuguese and 12 Lascarins slain, and a few more wounded. After this bellicose fury was finished, the General sailed along the coast, and doubling Cape Mossandam he arrived at Camufa, where he was well received by the inhabitants of the City, since all its townsmen had formerly served as sailors in our Armadas of rowing-vessels at Ormuz, and they were a people who had never been unfaithful to us. Here the galliots were provided with refreshments. » #230 Boxer, C. R., Commentaries of Ruy Freyre de Andrada, The Broadway Travellers, George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1930 ~ p. 189 ※ SOURCE for Musandam « In modern usage, the term "Musandam" encompasses the dramatic cliffs of the mountainous mainland, properly termed Ru'us al-Djibal (J.G. Lorimer, "Ruus al Jibal", in Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman, and Central Arabia, ii/B, 1604-14; S.B. Miles, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, 378, 449; A.T. Wilson, The Persian Gulf, London 1959, 3) and the term also indicates the northernmost territory of the Sultanate of Oman ('Uman). The term "Musandam" is taken by D.G. Hogarth (The penetration of Arabia, repr. Beirut 1966, 230) to mean "Anvil Head". The name is not known to the Classical or Arabic geographers and it seems to enter the literature in the Portuguese period, and, thereafter, the northern tip of the Oman Peninsula regularly appears as Ra's Musandam. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden ~ vol. 8, p. 436 « Macae = Mykoi » « inset | Maketa/Asabon Pr. |HR|Ras Musandam OMN | SPrenger 1875.143; Potts 1990, 301; Gromm 1994, 203 » « inset | Mykoi/Macae| HR | OMN / UAE | Potts 1985, 81-85; 1990, 14, 300-301, 323 » #846 ed. Talbert, Richard, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 p. 1347 ※ SOURCE for Museldom « He was informed by those who understood the situation of the country, that this promontory or cape belonged to Arabia, and was called Maceta; it is now known by the name of Rás Musledom. [n. Or Musendom. Probably it should be here spelt Museldom. N and L are permtuable letters; and Niebuhr places the emphasis on the second syllable. - E.] It is high and mountainous, and juts out a long way into the ocean. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 272 ※ SOURCE for Musendom « He was informed by those who understood the situation of the country, that this promontory or cape belonged to Arabia, and was called Maceta; it is now known by the name of Rás Musledom. [n. Or Musendom. Probably it should be here spelt Museldom. N and L are permtuable letters; and Niebuhr places the emphasis on the second syllable. - E.] It is high and mountainous, and juts out a long way into the ocean. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 272 ※ SOURCE for Musledom « He was informed by those who understood the situation of the country, that this promontory or cape belonged to Arabia, and was called Maceta; it is now known by the name of Rás Musledom. [n. Or Musendom. Probably it should be here spelt Museldom. N and L are permtuable letters; and Niebuhr places the emphasis on the second syllable. - E.] It is high and mountainous, and juts out a long way into the ocean. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 272 ※ SOURCE for Mykoi « inset | Asabon M. | HR | Hajar Mts. OMN / UAE | Sprenger 1875.140, 141, 143, 323; RE Suppl. 11 Zeeritai, col. 1352; Groom 1994, 203 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ p. 1346-7 « Macae = Mykoi » « inset | Maketa/Asabon Pr. |HR|Ras Musandam OMN | SPrenger 1875.143; Potts 1990, 301; Gromm 1994, 203 » « inset | Mykoi/Macae| HR | OMN / UAE | Potts 1985, 81-85; 1990, 14, 300-301, 323 » #846 ed. Talbert, Richard, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 p. 1347 ※ SOURCE for Ru'ūs al-Djibal « In modern usage, the term "Musandam" encompasses the dramatic cliffs of the mountainous mainland, properly termed Ru'us al-Djibal (J.G. Lorimer, "Ruus al Jibal", in Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman, and Central Arabia, ii/B, 1604-14; S.B. Miles, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, 378, 449; A.T. Wilson, The Persian Gulf, London 1959, 3) and the term also indicates the northernmost territory of the Sultanate of Oman ('Uman). » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Brill, Leiden, 1986 ~ vol. 8 p. 436 Muscat : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLC UFI: -787987 coordinate: lat 23.613874 long 58.5922 NIMA/GNS names: Mascat , Maskat , Masqat , Masquat , Muscat , مسقط , VARIANT names: Cryptus Portus , Kryptos Limen , Mascate , Mascati , Mascatta , Ma-shet-ket , Ma-shih-chi , Masqat , Masquate , Mazaquete , Muscat , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Muscat FOR Amithoscuta [Miles], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Muscat FOR Amithoscuta [Forster], ※ SOURCE for Cryptus Portus « Amithoscuta is Muscat, as is also the Cryptus Portus of Ptolemy, an identification too generally admitted to require demonstration. » #807 Miles, Samuel Barrett, Note on Pliny's Geography of the East Coast of Arabia, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, London, 157-172 ~ p. 169 « CRYPTUS PORTUS (Κρυπτὸς λιμήν), at the straits of the Persian gulf (Ptol. 6.7), by some supposed to be represented by the modern Sohar. Mr. Forster maintains it to be identical with the Amithoscuta of Pliny, and finds it at Muscat in Omán. (Arabia, vol. ii. pp. 231--233.) “Its name, ‘the hidden harbour,’ is clearly descriptive, and it is descriptive exclusively of Muscat: for this port is represented, by the latest authorities, as so shut out from the sea by the rocks which encompass this noble harbour, that the first sight of the entrance is obtained only on the actual approach of the vessel in front of the basin before the town.” Thus, Mr. Fraser says, “the entrance is so little conspicuous, that a stranger unacquainted with the black rocks that surround it, would scarcely detect it, on arriving from sea.” » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1872 ~ p. 714 ※ SOURCE for Kryptos Limen « On the coast, the only harbour cited is Kryptos limen, the 'hidden harbour', which Sprenger(266) and others after him(267) have taken as an apt description of Muscat harbour and South Arabian toponyms. fn. 266 Sprenger, Die alte Geographie, § 14l. fn. 267 Miles, 'Note on Pliny's Geography', 169: 'an identification too generally admitted to require demonstration'. Cf. von Wissmann , Das Weihrauchland Sa'kalan , 14 » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ vol. 2 pp. #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ pp. 321 « Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 23.612619, 58.592587 » M. Roaf, R. Talbert, M. Joann McDaniel, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, Brian Z. Lund, Sean Gillies, and Mary E. Downs, 'Kryptos Limen?: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2022 at online reference link [accessed 13 May 2023] ※ SOURCE for Mascate « Discripssão da Fortaleza de Mascate - A fortalesa de Mascate está na costa septentrional de Arabia Felix, no mar Persico, em altura de 25 graos e 40 minutos da banda do norte. Foi fundada por Belchior Calaga, no ano de 1588, por ordem do Governador Manoel de Souza Coutinho. Está esta fortaleza sitta dentro nua emçeada ou bahia, como de planta se vê, que jas entre duas grandissimas serras e, dentro na bahia, fica sendo abrigo pera quazi todos os ventos, com hum lugar capas de estarem surtos ate dose galiões e ate vinte e trinta galliotas, nado junto. Tem esta bahia na entrada, que demora ao sueste, lar- ges de pocs menos de tiro de espingarda e, dentro, vai alargando, como de planta se ve, com fundo na boca de 20 pera 25 braças e, dentro, de 12 e treze vai demenoindo are a praya em sete e seis. … » #821 Bocarro, António, O livro das plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoac¸o~es do estado da I´ndia Oriental, Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 1937-40: 1992, Series: 442 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 44 ※ SOURCE for Mascati « On the Arabian peninsula, Mecca ("La mecha") is depicted with the Kaaba, the building at the center of Islam's most sacred mosque, Al-Masjid al-Haram, clearly visible, and, further south, "Adden" (Aden) can be found. Other place names include "Mascati" (Muscat), "Zarar" (Sohar) and "Cauo de Mada" (Musandam Peninsula), "Culfal" (Qatar). and "Bore" (Khobar). » #2214 Daniel Crouch Rare Books, The Vesconte Maggiolo Planisphere of 1531, Oct 19, 2016 ~ p. 42 ※ SOURCE for Mascatta « From the Grey Rock till the Eastern corner of the bay of Mascatta the course is E. S. E. for 2 miles and / the depths are/ 18, 16, 15, 12, 11, and 10 fathoms of sand ground. Mascatta is a city having stone walls all around. To the side of the bay, there are some cannons /on the walls/. Its size is about that of Gamron and the houses are built in almost the same way. It is well populated by all kinds of Indians, who come to carry on their trade here. It lies at 23 degrees, 18 minutes Northern latitude. This city is situated against the mountains and has three fortresses which are on the sea-side to wit: » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 306 ※ SOURCE for Ma-shet-ket « Cantonese spelling of Muscat town, 23° 38' N » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 2 p. 298 ※ SOURCE for Ma-shih-chi « Muscat town, 23° 38' N » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 2 p. 298 ※ SOURCE for Masqat « Since the main emporiums of the Gulf, first Siraf, then Qays and then Hormuz, lay on the Persian coast, the Arabian Coast outside Qatif and Bahrain was little frequented and shipping passed through the Straits of Hormuz on the Persian side before calling at Sohar or, at a later period, Masqat, Qurayat and Qalhat. » #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, The Geographical Journal, London, 1964 ~ p. 339 ※ SOURCE for Masquate « Masquate (Mazquate in the Spanish version) is the well known port of Maskat, now the most important place in Oman. Although it is here described as a large town with thriving trade it does not seem to have been at that time as important as either Kalhāt or Kuryat. Ibn Batuta, in his list of the important towns of 'Oman (see p. 70, n. 2) only mentions Maskat, without giving any particulars, and the same may be said of Idrisi two hundred years before him (Jaubert's Idrisi, I, pp. 152, 153). » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.71 fn.2 ※ SOURCE for Mazaquete « Mazaquete [Portuguese name] Maskat [Arab name] Muscat [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Muscat « Ptolemy's coast of Oman contains but a single sea-port, his Cryptus portus ("the hidden harbour"). The name is clearly descriptive, and it is descriptive exclusively of Muscat » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ vol. 2 p. 232 « For the Arabian Peninsula the following historical terms are known in Chinese: Muscat馬???,??? » #2637 Fee-Alexandra Haase, The Representation of the Arabian Peninsula Before the Establishment of the Gulf States: The Contemporary Areas of ‘Oman,’ ‘United Arab Emirates,’ ‘Saudi Arabia,’ and ‘Bahrain’ in a Diachronic Study of Ethnonyms and Toponyms in Historical Arabic and English Sources, SSRN, 2013 ~ p. 76 « The Omanis had little opportunity for independent trading. When the Portuguese had been evacuated from Hormuz they had preserved the facade of the treaty with Hormuz by bringing to Muscat Muhammad Shah, nephew and namesake of the former ruler of Hormuz, and had set him up as titular prince of Arabia (Oman), (1) This Hormuzi prince and his officials still exercised some authority as late as 1633(2) albeit reinforced by Portuguese arms - but their influence was completely eclipsed by Portuguese domination of the sea from their baseline on the coast of Oman. They had firm control over nearly all the ports from Ra's al-Hadd to the tip of the Musandum Peninsula, as well as Julfar and Khasab on the other side. These included Sur, Quryat, Muscat, Muttrah, Sib, Suhar, Khur Fakkan, Daba and Lima. (3) Only three other coastal villages, Khur al-Jaramah, Tiwi and Qalhat, could be reckoned as trading ports, … fn. 1 Della Valle, op. cit., p.233. fn. 2 Carmelites, op. cit., p.331. fn. 3 Antonio Bocarro, Livro do Estado da India Oriental, BM MS Sloane -197, pts. ii and iii. » #2816 Bathurst, Raymond Denis, The Ya’rubi dynasty of Oman, (unpublished thesis), University of Oxford, 1967 ~ p.83 Musghun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3074143 coordinate: lat 29.1664 long 52.1851 NIMA/GNS names: Marjan , Morghun , Murghun , Murjan , Musghun , مورجان , VARIANT names: Musghun , Musheleh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076128 coordinate: lat 33.480103 long 49.680132 NIMA/GNS names: Mishella , Mishleh , Mooshleh , Musheleh , Mushleh , موشله , موشله , ميشله , VARIANT names: Musheleh , Mushkanan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075873 coordinate: lat 32.7175 long 52.6106 NIMA/GNS names: Mashgenan , Moshgenan , Moshgnan , Moshkenan , Mushkanan , Mushkinan , مشکنان , VARIANT names: Mushkanan , Musqan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3075893 coordinate: lat 29.2546 long 52.1551 NIMA/GNS names: Mosqan , Mowseqan , Musghan , Musqan , مسقان , VARIANT names: Masram , Musqan , ※ SOURCE for Masram « 1. Masram village is located 48 km southwest of Shiraz and east of Jareh village. » #3088 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars Rivers (in Persian) in Proceeding of the 1st Conference of Historical Geography, Tehran-March 2015 (pp.651-668), ~ p. 657 Muttrah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787998 coordinate: lat 23.622761 long 58.560504 NIMA/GNS names: Al Matrah , Matrah , Matrah , Matruh , Mutrah , Mutrah , Muttrah , مطرح , VARIANT names: Matara , Muttrah , ※ SOURCE for Matara #821 Bocarro, António, O livro das plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoac¸o~es do estado da I´ndia Oriental, Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 1937-40: 1992, Series: 442 3 vols. Discripssão do Forte Matará Muzaffar Aqueduct : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.744576 long 54.321409 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mozaffari aqueduct , Muzaffar Aqueduct , ※ SOURCE for Mozaffari aqueduct « 3. The Mozaffari مظفری aqueduct (fig. 9): This bridge was built over the seasonal river, the Rüd-e-Shur روشورprobably in the 15th century CE and transferred the water of a qanāt of the same name over the river. Some parts of this aqueduct still survive. » #3350 Mohammad-Bāgher Vosoughi, Welfare and Security Establishments on the Hormūz Strait: Lārestān Caravan Routes between the Fourteenth and Sixteenth Centuries CE, in: ed. Roderich Ptak and Ralph Kauz, Asian Sea Straits Functions and History (c. 500 to 1700), Orientierungen: Zeitschrift zur Kultur Asiens, , 2015, pp. 86-109 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Muzaffar Aqueduct « The date of Muzaffar Aqueduct in Larestan is related to the Safavid era, which was registered as a cultural heritage in 1384 and No. 12731, but according to the comparison with Safavid Latidan Bridge in Hormozgan and the technical and operational differences between Latidan Bridge and Muzaffar Aqueduct, as well as the field research that has been done. It seems that the building belongs to the Qajar period. » online reference link [accessed 26 Mar 2024] « Muzaffar aqueduct bridge in Lar (Fig.2, No. 6), Dashto aqueduct bridge (Zahed Mahmoud) in Lar (Fig.2, No. 7), » #3216 Abdolvahid Ostadzadeh, Ghazal Keramati, Vahid Ghobadian, The Integration Between Water, Architecture, and the City Before the Modernization of Water Supply in the Larestan Region, Jaco quarterly, 2023 ~ p. 78 « about four a Clock we faw on our Left Hand an Aqueduct, which in former times conveyed water from a neighbouring ſource to Lar, but it being dryed up, the Aqueduct which coſt a great deal of mony, though it be but low, and built only of rough ftone, is let go to ruin. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 131 Muzar Caravanserai (square) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.259583 long 53.822962 Supplement: 70m east of Karavanserail Muzar (octagonal) VARIANT names: Muzar Caravanserai (square) , NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 10.216667 long 76.216667 VARIANT names: Muziris , ※ SOURCE for Muziris owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Muziris, 76.216667, 10.216667, IN, nkn, exact, 107, tmcIRa0100_018a » Na`ameh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076142 coordinate: lat 27.4731 long 53.4123 NIMA/GNS names: Na`ameh , Naghmeh , Nahmeh , نعمه , نهمه , VARIANT names: Na`ameh , Na`laki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 10069492 coordinate: lat 28.8941 long 53.9057 NIMA/GNS names: Na`laki , نعلکی , VARIANT names: Na`laki , Naband : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076726 coordinate: lat 27.40118 long 52.618987 NIMA/GNS names: Naband , Nay Band , Naybandi , Neyband , نابند , نای بند , نایندی , نيبند , VARIANT names: Naband , Nabend , Nabent , ※ SOURCE for Nabend « … the information called for by Government on the 17th February 1854, regarding the principal estates within my political control. No mention is therein made of the ports on the Persian Coast between Bushire and Bunder Abbas given below. … Ports. | Tribes. | Names of Chiefs. Nabend | Ali Boo Khaleef | Shaikh Yoosoof bin Mubaruk. » #2994 ed. Robert Hughes Thomas, Historical and Other Information Connected with Place in the Persian Gulf, government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, 1856 ~ p. 286 ※ SOURCE for Nabent « Nabent » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 Nabiq 70 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 590 970 converted to coordinate: lat 22.57231 long 58.54654 VARIANT names: Nabiq 70 , ※ SOURCE for Nabiq 70 « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 56 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Nabr : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788222 coordinate: lat 24.564794 long 56.561878 NIMA/GNS names: Nabr , نبر , VARIANT names: Nabor , Nabr , Nobbure , ※ SOURCE for Nabor « From the small island situated on the Southern side of the bay of Gorfocan as far as a point off a place called Colb 36 which is about 3½ miles distance one sails over depths of 20, 18,22,25,30, 40,45, to 57 fathoms of black sand ground, one being 9 miles off shore. The land between the two aforementioned places runs from South to North and has no crags or shoals off shore. South of Colba at about 5½ miles Nabor 37 is situated and at both places fresh water is to be obtained. fn. 36 Kalba. fn. 37 Nabar. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 304-5 ※ SOURCE for Nobbure « Nobbure » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. Wellsted Royal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} Naderabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3802830 coordinate: lat 34.4054 long 47.4546 NIMA/GNS names: Naderabad , نادر آباد , VARIANT names: Naderabad , Nadirabad , ※ SOURCE for Nadirabad « At mile 2 the road goes through the small village of Nadirābād. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 156 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.8925892036985 long 55.7618767640764 † basis (located in google earth or maps and no other reference) VARIANT names: Naderi Castle , ※ SOURCE for Naderi Castle [coordinates from Google Maps 23june2023] Luft and fort symbol in {map#1040 Trigonometrical Survey of Clarence’s Strait, Gulf of Persia, Commr. G.B. Brucks and Lieutt. S.B. Haines. H.C. Marine, 1828, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3630/28/2, in Qatar Digital Library} Sheet 1 « The small square fort behind the town [Laft] remains in the ruinous condition it was left by the British expedition of 1809. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 222 [? PBR] Nadik : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.3855555555556 long 55.1133333333333 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Nadik , ※ SOURCE for Nadik « Ortsbestimmungen zwischen Kermån und Enar.. Breite Länge Nadik 30 23 8 55 6 48 (Breite v. St. John). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~p. 366 Nadjed : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.23867 long 52.678328 † basis (unknown, approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Nadjed , Nakhdh, Bakhr , ※ SOURCE for Nadjed « From there to Nadjed 15 miles. From Nadjed to Kewan کوان town located halfway from Nadjed to the village of lanemdjan الينجان? 6 miles; from Nadjed to Ianemdjan we therefore count 12 miles. » #3001 Al-Idrisi, P. Amedee Jaubert, Geographie d'Edrisi, Bertrand, Paris, 1836 ~ vol. 1 p. 400 ※ SOURCE for Nakhdh, Bakhr « ??では Nakhdh, Bakhr. (43) ?あるいは Najdなどの?同があって一?せず、これを現在の地? に??することは?しい。 [In manuscripts, there are variations such as Nakhdh, Bakhr. (43) "or Najd, and it is difficult to identify this with the present place name.] » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ p. 34 Naft-e Safid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076192 coordinate: lat 31.634716 long 49.286478 NIMA/GNS names: Naft Sefid , Naft Seqid , Naft-e Safid , Naft-e Sefid , Nafte-e Sefid , نفت سفید , VARIANT names: Naft-e Safid , Naghun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076210 coordinate: lat 31.935611 long 50.731761 NIMA/GNS names: Naghan , Naghun , ناغان , ناغون , VARIANT names: Naghun , ※ SOURCE for Naghun « We forded the affluent of the Karun (Dahinur or Ab-i-Sabzu), but there was said to be a bridge higher up its course. So we came to the village of Naghun, noticeable for its fine walnut tree. Distance from Dopulun 10 miles. Altitude 6480 feet. Thermometer, sunrise, 62° (6th Sept.). » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 551 Nahavand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076227 coordinate: lat 34.190877 long 48.374458 NIMA/GNS names: Nahavand , Nehavend , Nihavand , نهاوند , VARIANT names: Nahavand , Nehavend , Nihavand , ※ SOURCE for Nehavend « The northern route keeps to the foothills bordering the Burujird-Nehavend plain and crosses a pass to the north-east end of the Khava plain at Falakadin. » #1184 Harrison, J. V., South West Persia: A Survey of Pish-I-Kuh In Luristan, The Geographical Journal, London, 1946 (Jul-Sep), 108:1/3:55-70 ~ p. 69 ※ SOURCE for Nihavand « Nihāvand: see Nahāvand PPL 34°12' 48°22'E IR09 TT58 NI39-05 » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ p. 1221 « § 44. After Hamadan the description takes a sharp turn to the south and then eastward in a wide sweep towards Rayy. In fact a direct road by-passing the col of Mt. Alvand and Hamadan led from Madharan (§38) to Nihavand and thence to Central Persia. This was the reason why the decisive battle (of 18 or 19/639-40), in which the Sasanian army was defeated, was fought near Nihavand (between Isbidhahan and Vaykhurd), see Tabari 1, 2615-19.The story of the talisman is reflected in the name of the head-water of the Saymara (Karkha) which comes from Nihāvand: Ga-masi-ab consists of gā (dialectal for gāv "bull"), māsi (dialectal for māhi "fish") and ab "water". » #3541 Ibn Muhalhil, Vladimir Minorsky, Abu¯-Dulaf Mis?ar ibn Muhalhil's Travels in Iran, Cairo University Press, Cairo, 1955 ~ p. 98 Nahr at Tib : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.221028 long 47.180125 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Nahr at Tib , Nahr Thakan : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 28.390129 long 51.445216 VARIANT names: Nahr Thakan , ※ SOURCE for Nahr Thakan « Nahr Thakan(2) -The source of this river is at a village called Jatrüyah [or Chatriyah], which same is a well- known village with its district belonging to the Masaram sub-district lying round about Shiraz, all of which lands this stream waters. From here it flows on, passing in turn Kavar, Khabr, Simkan, Kārzin, Qir, Abzar, and Laghir, giving water for irrigation to each in turn, and finally irrigating part of the district round Siraf. In its last reach the river passes the village of Thakan, from which same it takes its name. Then finally it flows out into the sea between Najiram and Siraf, and in all the province of Fars there is no stream that is more bountiful for irrigation purposes than is this Thakan River. streams and rivulets of lesser size, but these cannot be noticed lest the matter run to too great length. fn. 2 This is the very long river of many names, of which the first portion is now known as the Qurah Aghach ("Black Wood "), and the last reach as the Mand River of Mandistan. Jatrüyah is possibly identical with the village of Bandhayah, lying 6 leagues north of Shikuft and a little south of the village of Masaram (FNN. 280). The village of Thakan is probably represented by Kaki, the chief town of Mandistan (FNN. 214). » #3077 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum Asiatic Society Monographs XIV, Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1912 ~ p. 67 Nahr-e Bahmani : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CNL UFI: 10068970 coordinate: lat 29.1926 long 52.6331 NIMA/GNS names: Nahr-e Bahmani , نهر بهمنی , VARIANT names: Nahr-e Bahmani , ※ SOURCE for Nahr-e Bahmani « Here, from time immemorial, a stone dam has supplied water to the the canal which irrigates the Kavar plain. The legendary and heroic monarch Bahman is said to have been the original maker. In Fath Ali Shah's time (early in the present century) the dam was carried away, and was rebuilt for 4000 tomans. This, of course, represents principally the price of materials, most of the labour being obtained free from the villages that live by the water. This winter the dam had broken again, and all the waterchannels were dry. The Qavvam had already begun to repair the damage. Neither dam nor river can be seen from the road ; the mouth of the defile is six miles distant on the right, and the river is so deep sunk as to be invisible till its banks are reached. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 79 Nahr-e Harmushi : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10080348 coordinate: lat 32.305541 long 48.25135 NIMA/GNS names: Nahr-e Harmushi , نهر هرموشی , VARIANT names: Nahr-e Harmushi , Nahr-e Mared : stream grp 31 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CNL UFI: 10080129 coordinate: lat 30.512949 long 48.309173 NIMA/GNS names: Nahr-e Mared , نهر مارد , VARIANT names: Nahr-e Mared , ※ SOURCE for Nahr-e Mared « Early in the seventeenth century, apparently the capital of the Ka' ab tribe was at Qubban; and there it remained until 1747, when a move was made to Fallahiyeh Town or Doraq- al-Fallahiyeh as it was then styled. Another old settlement of the Ka'ab, since abandoned, was Sablah or Sablah; it stood on the right bank of the Karun river, opposite to the island of Dair and the Marid creek » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917, ~ vol. 2 p. 991 Nahr-e Qarah Vali : stream grp 42 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10132950 coordinate: lat 34.403444 long 47.463767 NIMA/GNS names: Nahr-e Qarah Vali , نهرقره ولی , VARIANT names: Nahr-e Qarah Vali , Nahr-e Shavur : stream grp 33 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3764885 coordinate: lat 31.755909 long 48.480469 NIMA/GNS names: Nahr Shawar , Nahr-e Shahur , Nahr-e Shahvar , Nahr-e Shavar , Nahr-e Shavur , Rud-e Shahpur , Rud-e Shahvar , Rud-e Shavar , Rudkhaneh-ye Shahpur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shahur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shahvar , Rudkhaneh-ye Shavur , Shaur Rud , رودخانه شاوور , نهر شاوور , VARIANT names: Nahr-e Shavur , Nahr-e Shavur , Nahr-e Shavur : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3764885 coordinate: lat 31.755909 long 48.480469 NIMA/GNS names: Nahr Shawar , Nahr-e Shahur , Nahr-e Shahvar , Nahr-e Shavar , Nahr-e Shavur , Rud-e Shahpur , Rud-e Shahvar , Rud-e Shavar , Rudkhaneh-ye Shahpur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shahur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shahvar , Rudkhaneh-ye Shavur , Shaur Rud , رودخانه شاوور , نهر شاوور , Nahr-e Showyeb : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 100521 coordinate: lat 31.0588 long 47.5447 NIMA/GNS names: Nahr-e Showyeb , نهرشو یب , VARIANT names: Nahr-e Showyeb , Nahr-e Talheh : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3197214 coordinate: lat 31.516667 long 47.833333 NIMA/GNS names: Nahr Talha , Nahr-e Talheh , نهر تله , نهر طلحه , VARIANT names: Nahr-e Talheh , Naibandan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076727 coordinate: lat 32.378786 long 57.495136 NIMA/GNS names: Naiband , Naibandan , Nay Band , Nay Bandan , Ney Band , Neyban , نای بند , نای بندان , VARIANT names: Naibandan , Neh , Nybunden , ※ SOURCE for Neh « Ney or Nybunden » in {map#1329 Persia with part of the Ottoman Empire, Walker, John, 1831, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 11298.018} ※ SOURCE for Nybunden « Ney or Nybunden » in {map#1329 Persia with part of the Ottoman Empire, Walker, John, 1831, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 11298.018} Nain : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076275 coordinate: lat 32.860061 long 53.087491 NIMA/GNS names: Naeyn , Na'in , نائین , VARIANT names: Gora , Gowra , Nain , ※ SOURCE for Gora « From Jesd we spent seventeene dayes to Hispahan, passing by Gora, a faire Towne, where is store of raw Silkes, Quilts, Silke-carpets, and Turkeshes. And so we arrived at Hispahan. » #2540 Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, 1905, ~ vol. 3 p. 85 ※ SOURCE for Gowra « The 15. day we went 5. forsongs to a Towne called Gowra being a faire great Towne, where is great store of raw silkes, bed couerings, silke carpets, cotten Carpets, and such like commodities; and there wée staied that night, and the next day and night. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ pp. 52-3 ※ SOURCE for Nain « we filed slowly into the town of Naïn, called 'Naim' by Josafa Barbaro, who found it 'evill enhabited, not exceading Ve houses.' (2) A century earlier (1340) the Persian geographer Mustaufi described it as surrounded by 'a rampart 4000 paces in circumference,'(3) and Yakut, a hundred years before him, spoke of the theological reputation of Naïn, as having produced a number of eminent students of the Koran and scholars versed in Mohammedan lore. I was struck by the evident antiquity of the place, and I find Naïn mentioned by the Arab geographers in the ninth and tenth centuries, but I have not yet been able to trace its history back to the Sasanian period, although the designation of the ancient citadel as Kal'ah-i Gabar, Gabar Castle,' and the retention of Zoroastrian naines in some of the local designations point to a very early age. fn. 2 Josafa Barbaro, Travels, ed. Hakluyt, 49. 82. fn. 3 See Barbier de Meynard, Dict. géog. de la Perse, p. 561. » #3178 Jackson, A. V. Williams, Persia past and present; a book of travel and research, with more than two hundred illustrations and a map, The Macmillan Company, London, 1906 ~ p. 405 « to Rai (24). There Shah Husain, son of Ali and grandson of Mohammed, was slain; he cursed them, and by his curse 70 towns were felled. And from Rai fn. 24 Rai, one of the greatest cities of medieval Iran. Its ruins lie five miles to the south- east of Teheran. » #623 Nikitin, Athanasy, Khozhenie za tri moria Afanasiia Nikitina, 1466-1472 gg. (Afansy Nikitin's Voyage beyond the Three Seas, 1466-1472), Moskva, 1960, ~ p. 109 « NÁIN.Lat. 32° 49' 6"; Long. 52° 56'0".A town in the district of Yazd, from which it is 80 miles distant. It is 93 miles east of Isfahan.Náin is a small town, rather less than a mile in circumference, enclosed by a dilapidated wall and ruinous ditch, and entered by five gateways. It is situated on an uneven part of a great plain, a short distance south of some mountains which intersect the flat country at this part. With the excep-tion of some trifling patches of cultivation and a few gardens of fruit trees, the environs appear perfectly sterile, and the aspect of the place is rendered still more wretched by the ruins of nud walls which surround it. It pos-sesses a small bazaar of some 70 or 80 miserable shops.A ruined mud fort stands within the town, which latter possesses some 5,000 inhabitants. Náín is the principal place in a district extending from south-east to north-west about 54 miles, and from north-east to south-west about 77 miles, in which space there appear to be 8 villages and some 300 hamlets. Many of the latter are tenanted each by a very few families. The productions of the district consist of Larley, wheat, cotton, all in triflingquantities, and fruits, such as melons, grapes, and pomegranates. The importance of the place lies on its position at the junction of roads to Isfahan, Kashán, Yazd, Samnán, Damghán, Biabanak, and Tabas. » #3461 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Routes in Persia, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1887 ~ p. 389 Najafabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076313 coordinate: lat 31.158 long 52.3797 NIMA/GNS names: Najafabad , Najafabad-e `Olya , Najafabad-e Bala , نجف آباد علیا , VARIANT names: Najafabad , Najafabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013169 coordinate: lat 32.634638 long 51.36525 NIMA/GNS names: Najafabad , Nejafabad , نجف آباد , VARIANT names: Nadjafabad , Najafabad , ※ SOURCE for Nadjafabad « Nadjafabad » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt Khuzestan, Boyerahmad va Kohgiluyeh, Caharmahal va Bakhtiari und Esfahan} Najiram : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.846622 long 51.835871 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Nageiram , Nageiram , Najiram , Najirom , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Najiram AT Hada Ku lat 28.3608 long 51.177 [Le Strange], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Najiram AT Batuneh lat 27.851935 long 51.792098 [Warwick Ball], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Najiram AT Bandar Dayyur lat long [Le Strange], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Najiram AT Dayyir lat 27.8399 long 51.9378 [Minorsky], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Najiram AT Bibi Khatun lat 27.85437 long 51.83101 [Aubin], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Najiram AT Bataneh lat 27.846622 long 51.835871 [Jolodar], ※ SOURCE for Nageiram « Bald hinter Šilâh erreicht man den Ankerplatz der,Quellen 'Ayyenât mit einer 5 Miles landeinwärts zu 4660' sich erhebenden Landmarke; endlich, 18 Miles von Tahiriyah, an einer Bai mit vortrefflichem Ankergrund, die Veste Bandar Kongûn 27° 49' 38" N. 52° 3' 39" Q., mit gutem Wasser, viel Anbau und Dattelpalmen: das ist Γώγανα Nearchs, *Gaugana, Gôgân, Kongûn. Die neuen Berichte wissen nichts von einem hier mündenden Giessbach; James duke of Hamilton (Pinkerton VIII, 295) sagt, Congûn liege südlich von einer bedeutenden Wasserader, meint aber wahrscheinlich den nahen Khôr von Bardistân: das wäre Άρεώυ Nearchs, Hyperis bei Plinius. Ueber den kleinen Küstenort Benek gelangt man nämlich zu der 2 Miles von der Küste entfernten Veste Bardistân, welche in einer Thalmulde zwischen dem isolierten Kôh Direng und einer hinteren Kette an einem Khôr liegt, der nach Regen sehr anschwillt und den Küstensaum versumpft; 3 Miles von der Mündung liegt Dayyir, 2½ Miles weiter Aulî oder Danâgi an Stelle des alten Hafenplatzes Nageiram, 6 Miles weiter der kleine Ort Batûnah. Dann wird die Küste flach, sandig und schlammig, und ein Complex von seichten Bänken zieht sich weit in den Golf hinein, die berüchtigten baxos de Kane am Cabo de Verdestam, deren Umfahrt als schwierig galt. [Soon after Šilâh one reaches the anchorage of the 'Ayyenât Springs' with a landmark rising 5 miles inland to 4660'; Finally, 18 miles from Tahiriyah, on a bay with excellent anchorage, the fortress Bandar Kongûn 27° 49' 38" N. 52° 3' 39" Q., with good water, much cultivation and date palms: this is Gogana Nearchs, * Gaugana, Gôgân, Kongûn. The new reports know nothing about a torrent flowing here; James duke of Hamilton (Pinkerton VIII, 295) says that Congûn lies south of an important waterway, but probably means the nearby Khôr of Bardistân: that would be Areo Nearchs, Hyperis in Pliny. Via the small coastal town of Benek you reach the fortress Bardistân, 2 miles from the coast, which lies in a valley between the isolated Kôh Direng and a back chain of a Khôr, which swells very much after rain and swamps the coastal fringe; 3 miles from the mouth is Dayyir, 2½ miles further Aulî or Danâgi on the site of the old port site Nageiram, 6 miles further the small town of Batûnah. Then the coast becomes flat, sandy and muddy, and a complex of shallow banks stretches far into the gulf, the infamous baxos de Kane at Cabo de Verdestam, which were considered difficult to get around.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 58 ※ SOURCE for Nageiram « ferner das 13 Farsang gegen NW. gelegene Nageiram [furthermore the 13 Farsang against NW. located Nageiram] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 57 ※ SOURCE for Najiram « Najiram, a port of some importance to the westward of Sîrâf, beyond the mouth of the Sakkân river, was at the beginning of the Muzaffar coast, which stretched thence as far as Jannâbah in the Kurah (district) of Arraján. Najiram possessed two mosques when Mukaddasi wrote, with good markets, and cisterns for storing rain-water. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 259 the location of « Najiram » in {map#1138 , Le Strange, , #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905 ~} lies on the modern vilage of « Hada Ku » « There are in any case extensive mediaeval remains at Butkhana itself,(44) which may in fact represent the mediaeval port of Najiram.(45) fn. 45 Whitehouse, personal communication 1975. Le Strange, however, p. 259), places Najiram north of the Mand River. » #1121 Ball, Warwick, Some rock-cut monuments in Southern Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1986, 24:95-115 ~ p. 107 « Najiram and Hurushi (1)-Najiramn is a small town and Hurashi a village, both being of the dependencies of Sirāf, and lying in the very hot region. fn. 1 Spelt Hushi for the second time, and Khurashi in the Paris MS. It is not mentioned by the Arab geographers. Najiram, according to Istakhri (p. 34), Iny to the north of Sirif. Neither names now occur on the map, but Najiram is probably identical with the present harbour of Bandar Dayyur in the Dashti District (FNN. 217). » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ p. 330 « Les itinéraires décrits par les géographes musulmans entre Siraz et le Golfe Persique reflètent le déplacement vers l'Est des grands ports médiévaux, Siraf, Qays, Ormuz. Les auteurs arabes tracent ainsi deux routes, l'une vers Najiram, l'autre vers Siraf. Ces deux trajets sont ignorés de Mustaufi Qazvini (xIv° siècle) qui décrit la route plus orientale Širaz-Qays (35) dans son Nuzhatu-l-Qulub, ouvrage où apparaît un nom jusqu'alors inconnu de la littérature géographique Lār. fn. 35 Un tronçon Darab-Siraf était connu de Maqdisi au temps de la prospérité du Kirman, cf. LE STRANGE, The lands of the Eastern Caliphate, p. 296. [The routes described by Muslim geographers between Siraz and the Persian Gulf reflect the eastward movement of the great medieval ports, Siraf, Qays, Hormuz. Arab authors thus trace two routes, one towards Najiram, the other towards Siraf. These two routes are ignored by Mustaufi Qazvini (14th century) who describes the more eastern route Širaz-Qays (35) in his Nuzhatu-l-Qulub, a work in which a name hitherto unknown in Lār geographical literature appears. fn. 35 A Darab-Siraf section was known from Maqdisi at the time of the prosperity of Kirman, cf. LE STRANGE, The lands of the Eastern Caliphate, p. 296.] » #890 Aubin, Jean, Références pour Lâr médiévale, Journal Asiatique, 1955, 491-505 ~ p. 499 « 8. According to the distance Najiram lay on the coast south of the Mand estuary, near the present-day Dayyir (Ist., 135: twelve farsakhs from Siraf Tomaschek, Nearch, p. 58; however, the indication of our § 6, 29. supported by the Fars-nama, p. 141, is in favour of Le Strange, who on his Map vi, places Najiram north of the Mänd river. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 377 « Najiram: A town on the seacoast, dependent on Sirāf. The distance between them is recorded as 13 parasangs. » #3044 Kātib Çelebi ed: Gottfried Hagen and Robert Danko, An Ottoman Cosmography, Translation of Cihānnümā, Brill, Leiden, 2021 ~ pt. 1 p. 233 « P. 106: L. locates at Bibi Hatūn, near Dayir (site visited by Sir Aurel Stein), the medieval port of Nagiram, an identification which I believe to be correct. »#3141 review: Jean Aubin, K. Lindberg. Voyage dan la sud de l'Iran, Carnet de route d'un médecin à la poursuite du vor de Médine. in Journal asiatique Volumes 244–245, pp. 128-9, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France), 1956 ~ p. 128 « original Persian text omitted [Research background. This port was identified for the first time by Dr. Ali Akbar Sarfraz and Nasrullah Ebrahimi during the archaeological investigation program of Kangan city (31). In the archaeological survey that the writer conducted with Mr. Hossein Tawfiqian in 2008 under the title "Archaeological Survey and Identification ofthe Ancient Ports of the Persian Gulf in Bushehr Province" with the guidance of Mr. Nasrullah Ebrahimi,one of the experienced archaeologists of Bushehr Province, from this port. The visit was carried out andafter preliminary studies, it is assumed that this place is the ancient port of Najiram.] ... [A review of archeological studies and a comparative study show that the location of the ancient port of "Batane" near Deir port matches with the ancient port of Najiram.] » #3161 Dr. Mohammad Ismail Ismaili Jolodar, A proposal to determine the location of the ancient port of Najiram based on the written texts of Sadr Islam and archaeological studies, 2013, in online reference link [accessed:09 Jan 2024] ※ SOURCE for Najirom « The name Mand was, and still is applied to the lower course of the Sakkan River. Ibn-e Balkhi named Mandestan as a station along the road from Shiraz toward Najirom, 18 farsakh southsouthwest of Bushkanat (modern Bushkan, about 45 km west of Farrashband)(92) fn. 92 Ibn-e Balkhi: 232 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 23 Nakhl Takki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076360 coordinate: lat 27.499617 long 52.582401 NIMA/GNS names: Makhi-i-Taqi , Nakhl Takki , Nakhl Taqi , Nakhl-e Taqi , Nakhl-i-Taqi , Tagi , نخل تقی , VARIANT names: Nakh-eltaki , Nakhl Takki , Tagi , ※ SOURCE for Nakh-eltaki « Nakh-eltaki » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Nakhl Takki « Nakhl Takki (Tagi), 2 miles northwestward of Aslue, is a small village, with a fort and tower; there are some date trees near, and two or three large round trees between it and Aslu. A reef extends about 1 mile off-shore here, and there are depths of about 8 fathoms close outside it. The 20-fathom curve is about 1 mile off the coast from Nakhl Takki to Tahiri, 17 miles northwest; the bottom is mud. » #2772 United States Hydrographic Office, Persian Gulf Pilot: Comprising the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Omán and the Makran Coast, Hydrographic Office Publication No. 158, The Persian Gulf Pilot, Washington, 1920 ~ p. 250 ※ SOURCE for Tagi « Nakhl Takki (Tagi), 2 miles northwestward of Aslue, is a small village, with a fort and tower; there are some date trees near, and two or three large round trees between it and Aslu. A reef extends about 1 mile off-shore here, and there are depths of about 8 fathoms close outside it. The 20-fathom curve is about 1 mile off the coast from Nakhl Takki to Tahiri, 17 miles northwest; the bottom is mud. » #2772 United States Hydrographic Office, Persian Gulf Pilot: Comprising the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Omán and the Makran Coast, Hydrographic Office Publication No. 158, The Persian Gulf Pilot, Washington, 1920 ~ p. 250 Nakhlak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 11177075 coordinate: lat 33.562367 long 53.842974 NIMA/GNS names: Nakhlak , نخلک , VARIANT names: Nakhlak , Nakhlak atashkodeh sasani : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.552289 long 53.847342 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Nakhlak atashkodeh sasani , Nakhlestan-e Kandal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: GROVE UFI: 11776487 coordinate: lat 27.188637 long 55.636043 NIMA/GNS names: Nakhlestan-e Kandal , نخلستان کندال , VARIANT names: Nakhlestan-e Kandal , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.666668 long 66.199997 VARIANT names: Nal , ※ SOURCE for Nal owtrad dataid 554 Sohr Damb is a small rural site (4 ha large, 13 m high) located at 1250 m amsl in a fertile basin near the village Nal, 50 km west of Khuzdar, Central Balochistan (Pakistan), at an important overland route to Iran, Afghanistan, the coast and the Indus valley in the east http://www.dainst.org/index_592_en.html# Nalak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.474581 long 63.233704 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Nalak , Neillukh , ※ SOURCE for Nalak « 14. Nalak (13 miles 4 furlongs-183 miles 5 furlongs). - Water from a running stream good and abundant; forage for camels and horses plentiful; very little cultivation. The road lies among hills for a mile, then debouches on a plain. Skirting a range of precipitous and lofty hills on the right for 3 miles road good again, twining into another mountain gorge and ascending the valley for 5 miles to a spot called Ganimargh, where villages are seen. The road continues to thread a succession of mountain valleys. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 332 ※ SOURCE for Neillukh « Neillukh » in {map#1351 Bedford and Smith Map of Afghanistan from Kandahar to Herat, James Bedford, Surveyor General's Office, 1839, Geographicus, New York} Na'l-shikan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.473013 long 53.463804 † basis (approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Na'l-shikan , ※ SOURCE for Na'l-shikan « This threatened curtailment of my programme made me hasten my move to Jahrum, an important oasis through which the route to Lar would have to lead. The long march which brought us there on December 15th lay to the NE. across a succession of steep limestone ridges very trying to our mules. On the wide plateau crossed between the difficult passes of Tul-kusch and Na'l-shikan (4,500 ft.) we saw numerous Qashqai camps, the last to be met in that direction. On the This content downloaded from » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 132 Na'l-shikan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS independent coordinate: lat 28.473511 long 53.462835 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Na'l-shikan , ※ SOURCE for Na'l-shikan « On the wide plateau crossed between the difficult passes of Tul-küsch and Na'l-shikan (4,500 ft.) we saw numerous Qashqai camps, the last to be met in that direction. On the Na'l-shikan pass remains of an old built-up track could be traced, but there were many places where packs could pass only by being manhandled. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 132-3 Namordi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076436 coordinate: lat 26.365849 long 57.221907 NIMA/GNS names: Gunmordi , Namordi , گونمردی , نمردی , VARIANT names: Namordi , ※ SOURCE for Namordi « At 7-25 passed the village of ?Gawan on the left and Namordi on the right, about 2 miles off. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 32 Nanaj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3058607 coordinate: lat 34.420166 long 48.754071 NIMA/GNS names: Cheshmeh Pahn-e Nanaj , Nahenjeh , Nanaj , Nannaj , Nanoj , چشمه پهن ننج , ننج , ننج , نهنجه , VARIANT names: Nanaj , Naqsh-e Bahram : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 10787217 coordinate: lat 30.045374 long 51.560073 NIMA/GNS names: Asar-e Bastani-ye Naqsh-e Bahram , Naqsh-e Bahram , آثار باستانی نقش بهرام , نقش بهرام , VARIANT names: Naqsh-e Bahram , ※ SOURCE for Naqsh-e Bahram « Nakshi Behram » #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~ p. 78 Naqsh-e Bahram-e Dovvom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HSTS UFI: 10781723 coordinate: lat 29.289216 long 51.698167 NIMA/GNS names: Naqsh-e Bahram-e Dovvom , نقش بهرام دوم , VARIANT names: Naqsh-e Bahram-e Dovvom , Naqsh-e Rostam : arch. site IRN NIMA/GNS names: Naqsh-e Rostam , نقش رستم , VARIANT names: Naqsh-e Rostam , Naqsh-e Shahpur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 10434196 coordinate: lat 28.714038 long 54.553791 † basis (corrected/adjusted NIMA/GNS data set) Supplement: NIMA/GNS data « 28.713205, 54.554105,Naqsh-e Shahpur,ANS » amended to cliff face 97m. away heading 341.5° VARIANT names: Nakhsh-i-Rustam , Naqsh-e Shahpur , Naqsh-i Rustam Darab , ※ SOURCE for Nakhsh-i-Rustam « On March 26th we left Dārābgird and proceeded NE. to visit the great rock sculpture known as Nakhsh-i-Rustam. For about 3 miles we followed the road leading to the town of Darab, and near where it approaches a gap in an outer hill chain we continued to follow the foot of the latter eastwards past cultivation for another 3 miles. After passing four small springs issuing at the foot of the low ridge of limestone which here overlooks the valley plain, we reached the large pool fed by a fine spring (Fig. 29) where the great relief is carved into the rock wall above. It represents, like so many other Sasanian rock sculptures, the triumph of Shapur I over the Emperor Valerian. Sir William Ouseley, who appears in 1811 to have been the first European traveller to see it, has recorded a brief notice of it accompanied by a rapid sketch. I am unaware of any photograph of it having ever been published before the one reproduced in Fig. 28. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 194 ※ SOURCE for Naqsh-i Rustam Darab « [At the foot of a cliff known as Naqsh-i Rustam Darab, between Darabgird and the present-day town of Darab, a spring forms a quiet pool before the cliff face, into which is carved another early Sassanian bas-relief. Since it must be viewed from across the pool it is not easy to see the details with the naked eye and most authorities have attributed it to Shahpur I, believing that it depicted his triumph over the Roman emperors Valerian and Philip the Arab. Dr. Herrmann, however, offers the suggestion that it shows Ardashir I (who was military Governor of Darabgird during his father's lifetime and before his battle with Artabanus V). Dr. Herrmann 86 thinks the relief was probably carved in Ardashir's final decade and some years after the Naqsh-i Rustam carving near Persepolis (p. 224). It shows the Sassanian king on his horse, with a fallen enemy by its side; the king, extending one hand to touch the head of an old man, has an escort of Persians behind him. Other figures include a younger man with one arm stretched towards the king, and like the old man he is wearing a royal diadem. Among the Roman Emperors defeated by Ardashir were Severus Alexander and Maximus Thrace. » #888 Matheson, S., Persia. An Archaeological Guide, Faber and Faber Limited, 1979, ~ p. 261 Naqsh-i Rajab : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: Naksh-i-Rejeb , Naqs-e Rajab , Naq'sh Rajab Petroglyph , Naqsh-i Rajab , ※ SOURCE for Naksh-i-Rejeb « This was Naksh-i-Rejeb, the tiny sculptured bay in the rocks close to the chapar khaneh. The sun peeped over the hill, throwing into shadow two of the three pictures, and making the third stand out in brilliant relief. The first tablet on the south-eastern side represents the scene we have already beheld at Naksh-i-Rustam, — the investiture of Ardeshir by Ormuzd. The second also depicts the god and the King, but this time they are afoot ; while the third (that which showed so cleancut in the morning sunlight) is Shahpur and his Court. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 225 ※ SOURCE for Naqs-e Rajab « Naqš-e Rajab, Investiture relief of Ardašir I » Naqš-e Rajab, Investiture relief of Ardašir I online reference link [accessed 02 Apr 2025] ※ SOURCE for Naqsh-i Rajab « in Fig. 1. Persepolis And Environs, Scale, 1:50,000 » #3471 E. F. Schmidt, Persepolis III: The Royal Tombs and Other Monuments, Oriental Institute Publications, University Of Chicago, 1970 ~ p. 7 Naqush-e Sangi-ye Katibehha-ye Shahpur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 14786216 coordinate: lat 29.782446 long 51.581076 NIMA/GNS names: Naqush-e Sangi-ye Katibehha-ye Shahpur , نقوش سنگی کتیبه های شاهپور , VARIANT names: Naqush-e Sangi-ye Katibehha-ye Shahpur , ※ SOURCE for Naqush-e Sangi-ye Katibehha-ye Shahpur Stone carvings and inscriptions of Shapur, نقش-ا سنگی-ی کتیبهها-ی شاهپور Narak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10334822 coordinate: lat 28.6896 long 52.4632 NIMA/GNS names: Narak , نارك , VARIANT names: Narak , Narakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10442502 coordinate: lat 27.7953 long 56.0283 NIMA/GNS names: Narakan , نارکان , VARIANT names: Narakan , ※ SOURCE for Narakan « The going is stony. At 12 miles the hamlet of Narakūn is passed on the S.-W. 300 yards off the road. Here the valley narrows, and at 12 miles begins to widen again. The road now crosses from the S.-W. to the N.-E. of a valley lying close under a hill, at 14 miles. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 492 Naran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746090 coordinate: lat 27.206667 long 53.03 NIMA/GNS names: Naran , Naran , Nehran , Neran , نِرَن , VARIANT names: Naran , Naranj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.644407 long 48.899346 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Naranj , Narestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076507 coordinate: lat 28.0333 long 52.0629 NIMA/GNS names: Narestan , Navestan , نارستان , ناوستان , VARIANT names: Narestan , ※ SOURCE for Narestan « Narestan » in {map#1206 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, parts of Persia (Karman and Fars), Surveyor General of India, 1909, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 1909} Nargesi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10377749 coordinate: lat 27.740074 long 52.51129 NIMA/GNS names: Nargesi , نرگسی , VARIANT names: Nargesi , Navgasi , ※ SOURCE for Navgasi « Navgasi » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 6 : Firuzabad (Jur) - Siraf (3)} Nargiszar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.735717 long 51.063054 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Nargiszar , ※ SOURCE for Nargiszar « Nargiszar » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Khurmuj H-39V G-39D 1943} Nargoor : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076525 coordinate: lat 32.7381 long 52.8861 NIMA/GNS names: Nar Gu , Nargoor , Nargur , نرگور , VARIANT names: Goolabad , Nargoor , ※ SOURCE for Goolabad « location based on distance. a Golabad exists 8.2 km at heading of 309° from this location.» « The 14th, four p. to Goolabad) whence Richard Steel rode on to Ispahan, without waiting for the caravan. » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ p. 216 Narmand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076543 coordinate: lat 27.9625 long 56.3455 NIMA/GNS names: Narmand , نارمند , VARIANT names: Narmand , Narmashir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLA2 UFI: -3081351 coordinate: lat 28.952159 long 58.697732 NIMA/GNS names: Narmashir , Rostamabad , رستم آباد , نرماشير , VARIANT names: Narmashir , Nasarvan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076678 coordinate: lat 28.664085 long 54.395005 NIMA/GNS names: Nasarvan , Nasravan , Nasrevan , Nasrovan , نصروان , VARIANT names: Nasarvan , ※ SOURCE for Nasarvan « Nasarvan » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Nashwah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3102878 coordinate: lat 30.8163889 long 47.605 NIMA/GNS names: An Nashwah , Makhfar Shurtat an Nashwah , Nashwa , Nashwah , Nashwd , VARIANT names: Nashwah , Naswar , ※ SOURCE for Naswar « A number of donkeys carried skins filled with water, as there was none to be found, except at one spot, on our road. The distance between Hawizah and Nashwar, a village upon the Shat-el-Arab, for which the caravan was bound, was about fifty miles. A few pilgrims going to Kerbela accompanied us on foot. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 2 p. 172 Nasirabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076621 coordinate: lat 28.69208 long 53.869462 NIMA/GNS names: Nasirabad , نصیر آباد , VARIANT names: Nasirabad , Nesir-bad , ※ SOURCE for Nasirabad « 2. NASIRABAD-28 miles-45 miles. On the 27th March I proceeded on the bearings given in the margin, immediately passing through low rocky hills into a small plain clothed with tufts and bushes; some of the latter bear a long pink globe with a small flower at the extremity, which indeed is observed in many parts of the Ghermsir. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 663 ※ SOURCE for Nesir-bad « A notte ci rimettemmo in cammino, e 'l mercoledi a giorno chiaro, fatte più di quattro leghe, ci alloggiammo presso una piccola villetta circondata di mura in foggia di castello, che si chiama Nesir-bad, o colonia di Nesir, che è un nome proprio. [At night we set off again, and on Wednesday in clear daylight, having traveled more than four leagues, we lodged near a small villa surrounded by walls in the style of a castle, which is called Nesir-bad, or colony of Nesir, which is a proper name.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ pt. 2 p.355 Nasirabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.920823 long 53.668217 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Nasirabad , ※ SOURCE for Nasirabad « February 4th.-Left Fassa at 11 a.m. The road runs through a level plain of apparently rich alluvial soil, everywhere being well cultivated with barley, wheat, and opium, and in some cases Indian-corn. After going for half an hour (1 ¾ miles) passed the village of Nasirabad; Fedishkuh, 1 mile, » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 5 Nasirabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076622 coordinate: lat 29.223818 long 54.227916 NIMA/GNS names: Nasirabad , Nasirabad-e Avval , Nasrabad , Qal`eh-ye Rahimabad , Rahimabad , رحیم آباد , نصیر آباد , نصیر آباد اول , VARIANT names: Nasirabad , Nasirabad Car: ? : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none coordinate: lat 33.185256 long 48.135586 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: possible location, unable to verify location VARIANT names: Nasirabad Car: ? , ※ SOURCE for Nasirabad Car: ? « NASIRABAD (3) -LAT. 33° 14' N.; LONG. 48° 12' E.; ELEV. 400' (2)A post house and telegraph station in Luristán, 38 miles from Khurram-åbåd on the road to Dizfül, which is 107 miles distant, also known as Maleh (kab?) Nasir. Here there is a caravanserai. Thermometer at 3 P.M. in April 83°. Barometer 25-75°. - (Report of a Journey through the Bakhtiari Country to Shushtar.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 p. 770 Nasrabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076665 coordinate: lat 34.1265 long 51.3518 NIMA/GNS names: Nasrabad , Nasrabad-e Kharbuzeh , نصر آباد , VARIANT names: Nasrabad , ※ SOURCE for Nasrabad « but, as the sun was sinking, pushed on past Nasrahad, and eventually drove up to our night's rest-house at Sin-Sin through a world bathed in floods of magnificent moonlight. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 296 Nasrabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10538515 coordinate: lat 31.7571 long 53.8583 NIMA/GNS names: Nasrabad , نصر آباد , VARIANT names: Nasrabad , Natanz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076691 coordinate: lat 33.51118 long 51.918082 NIMA/GNS names: Natanz , نطنز , VARIANT names: Natan , Natanz , ※ SOURCE for Natan « The 24th daye att night we came to Natan [Natanz]; here is good water; the towne lieth in a narrow craggie place between two hills, » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 67 Natanz chahar taq : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.521206 long 51.912832 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Natanz chahar taq , ※ SOURCE for Natanz chahar taq « Voilà donc connus une trentaine de monuments du feu. Comme on vient de le voir, ils ne sont pas tous des temples et peuvent être à peu près sûrement classés en quatre catégories distinctes l'une de l'autre.1°. LES TEMPLES DU FEU.Firūzābād. Époque sāsānide.Kāzerūn. Époque sāsanide.Natanz. Époque sāsānide. [Here are therefore about thirty monuments of fire known. As we have just seen, they are not all temples and can be almost surely classified into four categories distinct from each other. 1°. FIRE TEMPLES. Firūzābād. Sasanian period. Kāzerūn. Sasanian period. Natanz. Sasanian period.] » #3393 Andre Godard, Les Monuments du feu, in: Athar e Iran, Annales du service archeologique de l'Iran. 3, Libraire Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, Paris, 1938, pp. 7 - 82 ~ p. 70 Nau Gumbaz : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: -3077219 coordinate: lat 32.683 long 53.3249 NIMA/GNS names: Nau Gumbad , Nau Gumbaz , Now Gombad , Now Gonbad , نو گمبد , نو گنبد , VARIANT names: Nau Gumbad , Nau Gumbaz , ※ SOURCE for Nau Gumbaz « night when we set out on our nine-farsakh march to Naugumbaz. This is sheer desert, and used to be dangerous. A glance at the map will show a great break in the Siyah Kuh hills opposite Agda. Through this break, under the mountain called Siyah Kuh par excellence, Biluchi marauders used to swoop down upon the exposed portion of the Yazd-Isfahan road between Agda and Nain. Naugumbaz fort and caravansarai are midway, and caravans arriving safely there were accustomed to look towards Siyah Kuh for guidance as to their further movements. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 2 p. 8 Nauargu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076709 coordinate: lat 27.5256 long 57.0147 NIMA/GNS names: Nauargu , Navargan , Nevergan , Nuregan , نورگان , نورگان , نورگان , VARIANT names: Gudar-i-Navargu , Nauargu , Navargu , ※ SOURCE for Gudar-i-Navargu « Gudar-i-Navargu » in {map#1277 in #582 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, A Fifth Journey in Persia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1906 (Nov.) 28:5:425-53 ~ fig. Sketch Map to illustrate The fifth Journey of Major P. Molesworth Sykes C. M. G.} ※ SOURCE for Navargu « KOH-I-NAIYUN- The highest peak of the rocky range which bounds the district of Rudan on the south, and that of Shamilat on the north, in Karman. It is passed by the road from Bandar Abbas to Ahmadi, about 60 miles from the former by a pass called Navargu. (Smith-Abdul Rahim.) » #3256 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Gazetteer of Persia Vol. IV, Printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1892 ~ p. 239 « Major Murdoch Smith, in recording his opinion, that between Ispahan and Karman "there would be no difficulty whatever" in setting up a line of telegraph, added:"From Karman to Bandar Abbas, via Jiruft, the construction and maintenance of a line would be much more difficult. The mountain passes of Deh Bakri and Navargu offer many obstacles, and the difficulty of maintaining a line in the sparsely-populated plains would be considerable, especially in the summer, when the heat is excessive. » #1700 Goldsmid, F. J., Telegraph and travel. A Narrative of the Formation and Development of Telegraphic Communication between England and India, under the orders of Her Majesty's Government, with incidental notice of the Countries traversed by the lines, Macmillan and Co., London, 1874, ~ p. 283 Nauba : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077139 coordinate: lat 27.7236 long 52.6098 NIMA/GNS names: Nauba , Nowabad , نو آباد , VARIANT names: Nauba , Nowabad , ※ SOURCE for Nauba « The journey to the chief’s seat at Nauba towards the head of the Gilehdar valley proved trying in parts, but also unexpectedly interesting. The route, never previously surveyed, led from the hamlet of Puzeh steeply up the rugged coastal range rising wall-like to heights close on 5000 feet. Very soon after the ascent began we came again and again upon remains of a well-made road built with large cut stones. ... At Nauba, at an elevation of some 1500 feet, we found cool air and the sight of green meadows studded with narcissus in bloom to refresh us. The young chief seemed very willing but his authority much impaired by the approach of “tribal unrest” from the north where a minor Qashqai rising was reported being dealt with by troops. This however did not prevent us from surveying a number of ruined sites in the neighbourhood. Several of them showed remains in the shape of ruined mosques, fine sculptured tombstones, decorated ceramic ware, etc., dating from the period when Siraf had flourished and when the traffic from its port must have brought prosperity also to the Gilehdar valley. » #831 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological Reconnaissances in Southern Persia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1934 (Feb), 83:2:119-34 ~ p. 133 Naubandagan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077153 coordinate: lat 28.854126 long 53.825784 NIMA/GNS names: Naubandagan , Now Bandegan , نو بندگان , VARIANT names: Nabandagan , Naubandagan , Nubandagan , Nubangan , ※ SOURCE for Nabandagan « arrived at the village of Nabandágán, distanee 13 miles.Nabandágán is a large and prosperous walled village, almost worthy of the name of town; it contains 700 houses with a popu- lation of 3,500 people; 3,000 máns of wheat and barley and 500 máns of poppy-seed are sown yearly. The village owns 88 oxen for tillage, 4,000 sheep, and 4,000 donkeys; no mules. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 6 ※ SOURCE for Naubandagan « NAUBANDAGAN (1) ??28-51 53-50 m. A village with 3,555 inhabitants in the Dehestan of the same name, population 7,009 and 18 villages, in Fasa Shahrestan of Fars province. In 1914 the area was described as follows: Elevation 4,280 feet. A village in Fars, 96 miles from Shiraz and 13 miles southeast of Fasa, and half a mile from the road thence to Darab. It is a large, prosperous, walled village of 700 houses, and about 3,500 people. The village owns 88 oxen for tillage, 4,000 sheep and 4,000 donkeys, but no mules. Carts could be brought here from Fasa without any difficulty. Water is plentiful along the whole road. (Preece, 1892.) » #3005 Ludwig W. Adamec, Historical gazetteer of Iran, Abadan and South Western Iran, Akademische Drucku, Verlagsanstalt, 1976-1989 ~ p. 576 « Naubandagän (4,280)28°49'53°51'....700 houses: 13 miles S. E. of Fasā: population 3,500: 80 oxen, 4,000 sheep, 4,000 donkeys, no mules: road fit for carts to Fasā. » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 163 « On January 30th a march of over 20 miles brought us from Makurd up to Naubandagan in the NE. portion of the Fasā district. After passing again through Mian-deh, where, to the great relief of our escort, the escaped bandit had meanwhile been recaptured, our route led north of the Fasā flood-bed. Naubandagān is a large place and the trading centre for a small but fertile village tract irrigated from a small stream descending from the foot of the Tudēj range 160 he NE. During a day's halt there, imposed by practical tasks, the small sites known as Tal-i-Baqarābād and Tal-i-Afghani in the vicinity were visited. At neither was there found any evidence of occupation preceding Muhammadan times. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 160 ※ SOURCE for Nubandagan « Nūbandagan ou Nūbangān Nübangän, ruines à 30°05' Net 51°32' E Iran Cité de la circonscription de Säbür I 98, 110, 127, 133, 134, 135-37, H 262, 264, 268, 281, Hur 42, 43, 45, 47, 195, 226, F 200, 203, R 190, Muq 52, 258, 420, 424, 434, 444, 447, 453, 456 Yaq IV, 817, LS 263-64, Schw 34, DKI 202, EI IV 406-408 sv Shūlistān » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 55 ※ SOURCE for Nubangan « Nūbandagan ou Nūbangān Nübangän, ruines à 30°05' Net 51°32' E Iran Cité de la circonscription de Säbür I 98, 110, 127, 133, 134, 135-37, H 262, 264, 268, 281, Hur 42, 43, 45, 47, 195, 226, F 200, 203, R 190, Muq 52, 258, 420, 424, 434, 444, 447, 453, 456 Yaq IV, 817, LS 263-64, Schw 34, DKI 202, EI IV 406-408 sv Shūlistān » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 55 Naudan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077161 coordinate: lat 29.801663 long 51.694634 NIMA/GNS names: Naudan , Nowdan , نودان , VARIANT names: Naudan , Nowdah , ※ SOURCE for Naudan « The villages of Nudún and Sumgul, belonging to the district of Kázerún, are in the mountains to the E. At 11 h. 15 m. we swerved a little to the N.W., and at noon reached the encampment of Jehangir Khan, Mamá- seni, chief of the tribe of Dushmen-ziyárí. » #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~ p. 76 ※ SOURCE for Nowdah « Nowdah » #3005 Ludwig W. Adamec, Historical gazetteer of Iran, Abadan and South Western Iran, Akademische Drucku, Verlagsanstalt, 1976-1989 ~ map III-37-B Naujin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077232 coordinate: lat 29.1228 long 52.014 NIMA/GNS names: Naujin , Now Jein , Nowje-in , Nowjeyn , Nowjin , نوجین , VARIANT names: Naujin , Nojin , Nujain , ※ SOURCE for Nojin « In addition to the tal-e khandaghs outlined above, many others have been identified in different parts of Fars and Bushehr, including Sofla and Olya Dehrūd in Borazjan, Hossein- abad in Shiraz, and Nojin. » #3086 Parsa Ghasemi, Tal-e Khandagh (“Moated Mound”): A Military Structure in Ancient Fars, Near Eastern Archaeology, 2012 vol. 75:no. 4:pp. 240-251 ~ p. 246 ※ SOURCE for Nujain « The 18th mile brought us to the village Nujain, which has also a large mound, and palm-trees, under which we breakfasted. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 181 Nauruzan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077268 coordinate: lat 29.205 long 52.7487 NIMA/GNS names: Nauruzan , Nowruzan , نوروزان , VARIANT names: Nauruzan , Nauvish : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076879 coordinate: lat 34.727865 long 50.197887 NIMA/GNS names: Nauvish , Navis , Nevis , نويس , VARIANT names: Nauvish , Navazin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076711 coordinate: lat 34.295945 long 49.577651 NIMA/GNS names: Navazan , Navazen , Navazin , Nuazin , نوازن , نوازن , نوزين , VARIANT names: Navarzin , Navazin , ※ SOURCE for Navarzin « At about 13 miles the village Navarzin, at the foot of the hills, is passed. There are 60 houses. Here horses are now changed » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 239 Navish chahar taq : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 34.735434 long 50.191368 VARIANT names: Navish chahar taq , ※ SOURCE for Navish chahar taq « 1. LE CHAHAR TAQ DE NAVISH Le village de Navish *) se situe dans la montagne Küh-i Tafrish, distance de 26 km. au sud-ouest de Sävah et à 66 km. à l'ouest de Qumm. A 2 km. au nord-ouest de ce village de Navish, au pied des contre rocheux, se dresse le Chahar Taq. Bâti sur une plate-forme, il domin la sorte la vallée de Dasht-i Burzü, verdoyante et bien cultivée grâce bonne irrigation naturelle dont elle bénéficie; elle est en effet sillo de nombreux ruisseaux. [1. THE CHAHAR TAQ OF NAVISH The village of Navish *) is located in the Küh-i Tafrish mountain, distance of 26 km. southwest of Sävah and 66 km. west of Qu At 2 km. northwest of this village of Navish, at the foot of the rocky counters, stands the Chahar Taq. Built on a platform, it dominates the valley of Dasht-i Burzü, green and well cultivated thanks to good natural irrigation from which it benefits; it is indeed a sill of many streams.] » #3402 Vanden Berghe, L, Nouvelles découvertes de monuments du feu d'epoque sassanides, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1965 Vol.5: pp.128-147 ~ p. 128 Nawa Pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3196109 coordinate: lat 27.115833 long 53.428611 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh Nawa , Gardaneh-ye Naveh , Nawa Pass , گردنۀ نوه , VARIANT names: Nawa Pass , ※ SOURCE for Nawa Pass « Nawa Pass » in {map#1317 GSGS 4340 SOUTHERN ASIA 1:2 000 000 SOUTH IRAN, War Office, London, 1945, } Nayband-e Shomali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLX UFI: 11287008 coordinate: lat 27.190766 long 56.311653 NIMA/GNS names: Nayband-e Shomali , نایبند شمالی , VARIANT names: Nayband-e Shomali , NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 31.565277 long 60.07 VARIANT names: Neh , ※ SOURCE for Neh owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Neh, 60.07, 31.565277, IR, nkn, exact, 110, tmcIRa0100_037a » Neka : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076798 coordinate: lat 36.650786 long 53.299048 NIMA/GNS names: Naranj Bagh , Neka , Neka' , Nika , نارنج باغ , نكا , نكاء , نيكا , VARIANT names: Necoh , Neka , ※ SOURCE for Necoh « This daye we came to Necoh [Nikah], on of the Kinges ordinarie howses, standing vpon a bank side, the high waye lying of the on side and a great woode of the other side. Here we picht in the Kinges harram [haram], haueing traveled 8 leauges. Here we stayed yo 19th daye. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 48 Nene Nader Tower : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.686047 long 54.334379 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Nene Nader Tower , ※ SOURCE for Nene Nader Tower online reference link [accessed 27 Mar 2024] Neshahr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3759719 coordinate: lat 29.1843 long 53.8281 NIMA/GNS names: Neshahr , Nishahr , نشهر , VARIANT names: Neshahr , Neshat Garden : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.686194 long 54.342417 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Neshat Garden , ※ SOURCE for Neshat Garden « Neshat Garden (Lar) garden in Lar, Iranian national heritage site also known as Bagh-e Neshat (Lar) » online reference link [accessed 29 Mar 2024] Neyasar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076971 coordinate: lat 33.9729 long 51.1489 NIMA/GNS names: Neyasar , Nezar , Niasar , Niya Sar , نیاسر , VARIANT names: Neyasar , Niasar (Neiatar) , ※ SOURCE for Niasar (Neiatar) « Niasar (also Neiastar) is a village of five hundred to six hundred houses, 23 miles west of Kashan. It is situated in a plain at the foot of high hills, and has a plentiful watersupply. With its thirty-three hamlets it pays yearly taxes to the amount of 20,000 krans, which, considering the extent of its fields and its great water-supply, seems a very small sum . Like Barzuk, it is divided into seven mahallehs, viz. Bab ul Kasr, Bab ul Abdavieh, Rudab, Sargojeh, Dar Kushk, Sar Kush, Bidkhab, has eight mosques, four public baths, and the graves of six saints. The ' Komnameh ' mentions that " Niasar was also called Niansar, and was one of the Sassanian Ardishir Papekan's foundations, and had a fire-temple." » #3375 Albert Houtum-Schindler, Eastern Persian Irak, 1897 ~ p. 117 Neybid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076885 coordinate: lat 29.6997 long 57.6299 NIMA/GNS names: Nabid , Ney Bid , نی بید , VARIANT names: Neybid , Neyriz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076911 coordinate: lat 29.1988 long 54.3278 NIMA/GNS names: Neyriz , Niriz , نیریز , VARIANT names: Narezzash , Nayriz , Neiriz , Neris , Neyriz , Niriz , ※ SOURCE for Narezzash « For the Achaemenid period, we must remember that the identification of Niriz with the Narezzash of the Persepolis Fortification tablets is not in doubt (Hallock, 1969, p. 737, s.v. Narezzash). The importance of the region increases if, as W. Henkelman suggests (2003, 159-162), Narezzash was the place of the shumar (probably tomb, memorial) of Cambyses, Cyrus’ son. » #3366 Rémy Boucharlat, Eastern Fars a Poorly Explored Region of Great Archaeological Potential Special edition of Farr-e Firouz in Honor of Dr. Firouz Bagherzadeh, 2019 ~ p. 131 ※ SOURCE for Nayriz « Nayriz VI D4 Id Iran Nähiya (territoire) de la circonscription de Darābagird et son chef-lieu Ι 108, 134, Η 268, 288, Hur 46, F 203, Muq 421, 423, 429, 443, 448, 452, 455 Yaq IV, 856-57, LS 289-90, Schw 105 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 55 ※ SOURCE for Neiriz « Von Neiriz führt eine Straße am Südrande des Neiriz-Salzsees bis nach Shiraz. An dieser Straße liegen im Abstand von jeweils 25 km safavidische Karawansarais, die aber heute fast gänzlich zerstört sind. [A road leads from Neiriz along the southern edge of the Neiriz Salt Lake to Shiraz. Safavid caravanserais are located along this road at intervals of 25 km, but they are now almost completely destroyed.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 197 ※ SOURCE for Neris « Neris » in {map#1363 in #3538 Captain H. E. Wells, Surveying Tours in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, vol. 5:no. 3:pp. 138-163 ~ fig. map to accompany article} ※ SOURCE for Neyriz « Neyriz - Attestations: In the inscription of Shapur I at Ka'ba Zardusht, there is a reference to the šahrāb of Neyriz (ŠKZ, line 50) (106). According to this inscription, Neyriz may have been a separate province (šahr) during the early Sasanian period, attached to Darabgerd as early as the late 4th century, when the DA mint signature was recorded on coins, while there exists no mint signature that can be identified with Neyriz. Alternatively, Darabgerd may have been referred to as Neyriz in this early Sasanian period inscription, with its name being changed to Darabgerd before the late 4th century. - Identification: The modern town of Neyriz is located about 288 km east of Shiraz. fn. 106 Huyse, 1999: 62 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 26 « Neyriz itself is a poor town, containing about 1500 families, including those of its three adjacent forts. It occupies a consider- able space with its gardens and houses in a corner of the plain near mountains, and on the south-eastern extremity of the lake, from which it is distant about 7 miles. In some of our maps it is erroneously placed on the northern shore. Its bazar possesses some forty or fifty shops and three caravanserais, but the former are of the meanest description. Though this place is on the high- road between Shiráz and Kermán, such is the limited nature of the traffic between the two places that we had not encountered a single caravan in all the distance between Sirjan and Neyriz. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 71 ※ SOURCE for Niriz « At 13¼ miles from Niriz (stage 1), where the road debouches on to the Istehbānāt valley, it passes through a narrow defile, formed by the bed of a stream, where the water has cut a passage through a mass of rock. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 158 « Niriz with its belt of almond plantations and fruit gardens, set between a semicircle of utterly barren mountains and the wide salt-encrusted bed of its great dried-up lake, from a distance presented the picture of a true Central Asian oasis. What cultivation there is to the N. and NW. on the flat expanse descending towards the lake basin, which now rarely holds any water, depends wholly on qanāt irrigation. This may explain why, in spite of repeated inquiries and search, no prehistoric remains could be traced in the neighbourhood.Niriz is duly mentioned by the early Arab geographers, and Muqaddasi among them notes the mineral contents of its mountains to the NE. They may yet some day give importance to the place which at present counts among its main resources its produce of almonds and raisins. Ibn-al-Balkhi's brief account mentions the abundance of grapes, and shows that both Niriz and Katrü were in his time included in the Shabankāreh chiefship. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 204 Nezamabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745213 coordinate: lat 28.53924 long 53.592192 NIMA/GNS names: Nezamabad , نظام آباد , VARIANT names: Nezamabad , Nibah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 151431 coordinate: lat 26.08139 long 56.41222 NIMA/GNS names: Nibah , Nibah , نيبة , VARIANT names: Nibah , Nigar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076781 coordinate: lat 29.857243 long 56.800331 NIMA/GNS names: Negar , Negar Qanat Bagh , Nigar , Qanat Bagh , نگار , نگار قنات باغ , VARIANT names: Nigar , ※ SOURCE for Nigar Another Saljuq minaret first mentioned by Sir Percy Sykes is found at the domed village of Nigar south of Kirman. #888 p. 267 Nigar chahar taq : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.979298 long 56.915207 VARIANT names: Nigar chahar taq , ※ SOURCE for Nigar chahar taq « VII LE CHAHAR TAQ DE NIGARPerché sur un monticule, ce Chahar Täq (2) domine une région aujourd'hui sauvage et désertique; il se trouve à 19 km. au nord de Nigår. Ce village est situé à 16 km. au sud-ouest de Kirman, le long de la voie antique qui partait de Kirmän vers le Golfe persique via Nigär, Baft, Dasht-i Ab et Daulatäbäd. fn. 2 Carte à l'échelle 1/253-440 de la région de Kirmän (H-40-0). [VII THE CHAHAR TAQ OF NIGAR Perched on a hillock, this Chahar Täq (2) dominates a region that is now wild and desert; it is located 19 km. north of Nigår. This village is located 16 km. southwest of Kirman, along the ancient road that left Kirmän towards the Persian Gulf via Nigär, Baft, Dasht-i Ab and Daulatäbäd. fn. 2 Map at a scale of 1:253-440 of the Kirmän region (H-40-0).] » #3402 Vanden Berghe, L, Nouvelles découvertes de monuments du feu d'epoque sassanides, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1965 Vol.5: pp.128-147 ~ p. 140 « Von den hier vor- herrschenden rothen Mergeln hat der Engpass seinen Namen Gudar-i Chân (der blutige) erhalten. Man passirt eine auf einem Hügel links liegende, mit Kuppel versehene Ruine, dann einen Wachtthurm und gelangt auf die Passhöhe 7930 Fuss ü. d. Meere. [The narrow pass takes its name from the red marls that predominate here, Gudar-i Chan (the bloody one). You pass a ruin with a dome on a hill on the left, then a watchtower and reach the top of the pass 7930 feet above sea level.] » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16:pp. 307-66 ~ p. 334 Nigid Bus Fa 48 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 741 181 converted to coordinate: lat 22.76136 long 58.6957 VARIANT names: Nigid Bus Fa 48 , ※ SOURCE for Nigid Bus Fa 48 « Habitation site, walled structures, defensive walling, » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 48 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Nimar ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.52117419 long 54.4630909 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Nimar ? , ※ SOURCE for Nimar ? « Nimar Kermostaj, Iran (Islamische Republik), Asien information about the location references dataset in the iDAI.Gazetteer coordinates Long: 54.4630909 Years: 27.52117419 inaccurate Nimar » online reference link [accessed 20 Dec 2024] Nimdeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077020 coordinate: lat 28.325114 long 53.089469 NIMA/GNS names: Nim Deh , Nimdeh , نیم ده , نیمده , VARIANT names: Nimdeh , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Nimdeh FOR Abzar [Le Strange], ※ SOURCE for Nimdeh « Crossing the Kîr plain, the Qara Agach runs southwards through a break in the Kuh-i- Jaala, which form the southern boundary of the plain, and past the following villages:- Nimdeh ½ farsakh from the bridge, Abgarm (hot springs) 1 farsakh from Nîmdeh, Kirda 1½ farsakh, Maku 1½, Laghar ½ farsakh, Takhta 1 farsakh, Qala Shahzari 1 farsakh, Bakir 5 farsakhs: all, except Maku and Kirda, on the left bank. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 2 p. 233 Nimeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077022 coordinate: lat 27.574172 long 54.412938 NIMA/GNS names: Nimeh , نیمه , VARIANT names: Nimeh , Nimeh (old) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.547982 long 54.416994 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: The Place Name: Nimeh NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077022 coordinate: lat 27.574172 long 54.412938 appears to be a new town located some 3 kms north of the old town, Nimeh (old), or Nimar, referenced in travellers diaries. Nimeh (old) kas been added to highlight the different locations. VARIANT names: Nimbà , Nimeh (old) , ※ SOURCE for Nimbà « Da Lara chi vuole imbarcarfi, ha due ftrade per renderſi al Mare, una per Ban- der-Abafsi, l'altra per Bander-Congo.La Domenica 3. per l'apertura di due montagne facemmo 15. miglia di cam- mino, e in 5. ore giugnemmo nel Kar- vanſerà, e Caſale di Nimbà. [From Lara those who want to embark have two routes to go to the sea, one for Bander-Abafsi, the other for Bander-Congo.On Sunday 3rd, we traveled 15 miles through the opening of two mountains, and in 5 hours we reached Karvanſerà and Caſale di Nimbà.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 273 ※ SOURCE for Nimeh (old) « Nimeh Car. » in {map#1214 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Parts of Persia and Arabia, Surveyor General of India, , University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet 18 1908} « Sarai Nimeh (Water scarce) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} Nimeh Kar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077023 coordinate: lat 27.232 long 55.7448 NIMA/GNS names: Nimeh Kar , Nimehkar , نيمه كار , نيمهكار , VARIANT names: Kichal , Nimeh Kar , ※ SOURCE for Kichal « Kichal ? » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} « nous voyons les ruines d'un pont fort long dont il y a encore une trentaine d'arcades debout; il aura été abandonné parce que le torrent a changé de lit. A environ trois portées de fusil de là, nous nous trouvons en face du torrent qui était considérablement grossi par les pluies de la veille; le mimandhar voulût le passer, mais son cheval perdit pied et tous les deux disparurent un instant; ils eurent beaucoup de peine à s'en tirer. Quant à nous, nous fumes obligés de chercher, en tournant sur la gauche, quelque village afin de trouver de la paille et de l'orge pour nos chevaux, en attendant que le torrent devint guéable; ... . Nous arrivons à la nuit au village de Kichal où nous passâmes la nuit. [we see the ruins of a very long bridge of which there are still around thirty arches standing; it will have been abandoned because the torrent has changed bed. About three gunshots away, we found ourselves facing the torrent which had been considerably swollen by the rains of the day before; the mimandhar wanted to pass him, but his horse lost his footing and both disappeared for an instant; they had great difficulty getting out of it. As for us, we were obliged to look, turning to the left, for some village in order to find straw and barley for our horses, while waiting for the torrent to become fordable; .... We arrived at night at the village of Kichal where we spent the night.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 534 Nimvar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077031 coordinate: lat 33.8871 long 50.5728 NIMA/GNS names: Nimeh Var , Nimehvan , Nimvar , Nimwar , نيم ور , VARIANT names: Nimvar , ※ SOURCE for Nimvar « Am 25. Sept. 1964 (2) entdeckte ich bei einem Besuch des Dorfes Nimvar, 15 km hinter Dalidjän an der Straße, die über Gulpäigån nach Isfahan führt, einen großen Pfeiler. fn. 2 Ein weiteres Mal besuchte ich Nimvar am 13.5.1968. [On 25 September 1964 (2), while visiting the village of Nimvar, 15 km behind Dalidjän on the road leading to Isfahan via Gulpäigån, I discovered a large pillar. fn. 2 I visited Nimvar again on 13 May 1968.] » #3435 Klaus Schippmann, Hinweise und Anmerkungen zu einigen sasanidischen Monumenten, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 vol. 7:pp. 157-162 ~ p. 157 Nir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077034 coordinate: lat 31.486285 long 54.131347 NIMA/GNS names: Nileh , Nir , نير , VARIANT names: Nir , Nisa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076828 coordinate: lat 28.0798 long 56.377 NIMA/GNS names: Nesa , Nesa' , Neyseh , Nisa , نسا , نساء , نيس , نيسه , VARIANT names: Nisa , Nishabur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076915 coordinate: lat 36.213288 long 58.795755 NIMA/GNS names: Neyshabur , Nishabur , Nishapur , نیشابور , VARIANT names: Nishabur , Nishapoor , ※ SOURCE for Nishapoor « Direct Road from Furrah to Nishapoor. » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 437 Nishar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076608 coordinate: lat 34.677532 long 48.866273 NIMA/GNS names: Nashar , Neshar , Nishar , Noh Shahreh , نشر , VARIANT names: Nehshahr , Nishar , ※ SOURCE for Nehshahr « At 27 miles is the prettily situated, but miserable, little village of Nehshahr, on a mountain stream, with hills all round. There are 200 houses and 2,000 sheep The yearly produce is 1,200 kharwürs of grain. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 241 Nivun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077049 coordinate: lat 33.458587 long 50.380083 NIMA/GNS names: Nivan Nar , Nivan Tar , Nivan-e Bozorg , Nivan-e Nar , نیوان بزرگ , نیوان نار , Niza : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076923 coordinate: lat 28.3884 long 55.9055 NIMA/GNS names: Neyar , Neyzar , Niza , نيار , نيز , نيزار , VARIANT names: Niza , ※ SOURCE for Niza ref1511p655 Nizamabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076949 coordinate: lat 33.2189 long 51.6499 NIMA/GNS names: Nezamabad , Nezamabad-e Ma`dan , Nezamabad-e Makhrubeh , Nizamabad , نظام آباد , VARIANT names: Nismabad , Nizamabad , ※ SOURCE for Nismabad « ' For about ioMvfarsahhs we run steadily up the plain, which shelves like some great beach to the foot of the mountains, just before which we come to Nismabad, where we exchange our driver for one even worse, for at the very caravanserai door he involves us in a large ditch, from which we are only extricated by simultaneously pushing the pole and beating the horses' noses. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 292 Nizwa : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788289 coordinate: lat 22.933333 long 57.533333 NIMA/GNS names: Nazwah , Nizwa , نزوى , VARIANT names: Nizwa , Noband : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077152 coordinate: lat 27.2629 long 57.0087 NIMA/GNS names: Noband , Now Band , Now Band-e Qadim , نبند , نو بند , نو بند قدیم , VARIANT names: Noband , ※ SOURCE for Noband « At 7-47 A.M. passed on the left hand a good-sized village called Dam-i-shahr, and at 8-5 A.M. a second, called Noband. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 27 Nobandagan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.106147 long 51.553096 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Naubandagan , Naubanjan , Nawbandajan , Nobandagan , Nobandegan , Nobanjan , Nobend-jan , ※ SOURCE for Naubandagan « NAUBANDAGAN (2) ??نویندگان?? 29 51-. The ruins of a city in the plain called Sahra-i-Bahram, near Kazarun in Fars. (DeBode) » #3005 Ludwig W. Adamec, Historical gazetteer of Iran, Abadan and South Western Iran, Akademische Drucku, Verlagsanstalt, 1976-1989 ~ p. 576 ※ SOURCE for Naubanjan « NAUBANJAN, vide NAUBANDAGAN (2) » #3005 Ludwig W. Adamec, Historical gazetteer of Iran, Abadan and South Western Iran, Akademische Drucku, Verlagsanstalt, 1976-1989 ~ p. 576 ※ SOURCE for Nawbandajan « The city of Kâzirûn century when Shapur fell to ruin, became the most important town of the Shapur district. Ibn Hawkal describes it as in his time smaller than Nawbandajân, but well-built, the houses being of stone set in mortar. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 266 « The town of Nawbandajan was quite important in the early Islamic period, along the trade route between Arrajan and Shiraz, north of the modern city of Kazerun, but almost never a mint city. It was largely abandoned before the arrival of the Mongols, and only the ruins survive today. » at online reference link « In the end, al-Nawbandajāni did convince him to come. Nawbandajān was a small but flourishing town close to Kāzarūn. It boasted a castle, called ʿAyyān, owned by AbūṬālib Zayd b. ʿAli, the nobleman who invited the Būyid.(62) In addition to the castle, this nobleman (or perhaps his family) had also built a bridge, a remarkable structure because of its accomplished stonemasonry.(63) The place was not without its noted men: Samʿāni cites a near-contemporary (d. in 325/937) who had fought in a jihād on the western and eastern front, and transmitted hadith (utterances of the prophet).(64) There can be little doubt that the noble Nawbandajāni family owned much (if not all) of the agricultural land in the region. When ʿAli arrived at Nawbandajān, the adversaries were already there, but they were easily driven out, whereupon al-Nawbandajāni told his representatives in the villages and districts to serve ʿAli b. Būya. The Būyid troops stayed in Nawbandajān for about forty days at al-Nawbandajāni’s expense, reportedly about 200,000 dinar, an enormous sum. fn. 62 Aḥmad b. Muḥammad al-Muqaddasi, Kitāb aḥsan al-taqāsim fi maʿrifat al-aqālim, ed. M. J. de Goeje, 2nd edn (Leiden, 1906), p. 434. fn. 63 Muqaddasi, Aḥsan al-taqāsim, ed. de Goeje, p. 440. fn. 64 Abū Saʿd ʿAbd al-Karim al-Samʿāni, al-Ansāb, ed. ʿAbd-al-Raḥmān Yamāni, 13 vols (Hyderabad, 1962–82), vol. 13, pp. 190–1, s.v. ‘Nawbandajāni’. The man was called Abū ʿAbdallāh Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb. There is no trace of his being related to the noble Nawbandajānis, but of course a link cannot be excluded either. » #3097 Emerging Powers in Eurasian Comparison, 200–1100 Shadows of Empire, Brill, Leiden, 2022 ~ p. 345 « Nawbandajan was a small but flourishing town close to Kāzarun. It boasted a castle, called 'Ayyan, owned by Abu Talib Zayd b. 'Ali, the nobleman who invited the Buyid.(62) In addition to the castle, this nobleman (or perhaps his family) had also built a bridge, a remarkable structure because of its accomplished stonemasonry.(63) The place was not without its noted men: Sam'ani cites a near-contemporary (d. in 325/937) who had fought in a jihad on the western and eastern front, and transmitted hadith (utterances of the prophet).(64) There can be little doubt that the noble Nawbandajani family owned much (if not all) of the agricultural land in the region. fn. 62 Ahmad b. Muhammad al-Muqaddasi, Kitab aḥsan al-taqasim fi ma'rifat al-aqālim, ed. M. J. de Goeje, 2nd edn (Leiden, 1906), p. 434. fn. 63 Muqaddasi, Ahsan al-Taqāsim, ed. de Goeje, p. 440. fn. 64 Abu Sa'd 'Abd al-Karim al-Sam'āni, al-Ansab, ed. 'Abd-al-Rahman Yamani, 13 vols (Hyder- abad, 1962-82), vol. 13, pp. 190-1, s.v. 'Nawbandajāni. The man was called Abu 'Abdallāh Muhammad b. Yaqub. There is no trace of his being related to the noble Nawbandajānis, but of course a link cannot be excluded either. » #3082 Richard N. Frye, Report on a Trip to Iran in the Summer of 1948, Oriens, 1949 ~ p. 211 ※ SOURCE for Nobandagan coordinates of « Nobandagan » based on #3122 ed. D.T. Potts and K. Roustaei, The Mamasani Archaeological Project Stage One, Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, Tehran, 2006 ~ Plate 2. Dasht-e Nurabad (Landsat 7 artificially coloured image). « Nobandegan - Attestations: Nobandegan of Shapur Khurrah was recorded in an account of the Arab invasion of Fars (107). Nobanjan is also recorded as being among the Arab-Sasanian mint towns of Fars (108). This may be indicative of the existence of a pre-Islamic settlement in this important early Islamic town. - Identification: The ruins of Nobandegan are located behind the mayor’s office in Nurabad-e Mamasani. fn. 107 Ibn-e Balkhi: 132 fn. 108 Mitchiner, 1977: 57-8 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 27 ※ SOURCE for Nobandegan « Nobandegan - Attestations: Nobandegan of Shapur Khurrah was recorded in an account of the Arab invasion of Fars107. Nobanjan is also recorded as being among the Arab-Sasanian mint towns of Fars108. This may be indicative of the existence of a pre-Islamic settlement in this important early Islamic town. - Identification: The ruins of Nobandegan are located behind the mayor’s office in Nurabad-e Mamasani. » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p.27 ※ SOURCE for Nobanjan « The city of Bishapur retained an importance due to the presence of Kazerun as a major productive center in the immediate vicinity; the rise of Nobanjan on the main road between Arrajan and Shiraz would suggest that the central focus of Shapur kurah was no longer solely vested in its ancient capital. » #3094 Donald Whitcomb, Trade and Tradition In Medieval Southern Iran - Thesis, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 1979 ~ p. 135 ※ SOURCE for Nobend-jan « At a quarter before 2 P.M. we passed near the ruins of Nobend ján, formerly a flourishing city, at which Tímúr halted before he laid siege to Kal'eh Sefid.* Nobend-ján was built by Shapur I., destroyed by Abú Sa'id, rebuilt by the Ja'ulí, Atabeg of Luri Buzurg (Lur the Greater), to be again ruined. Nothing now remains of it but heaps of stones and hillocks scattered over the plain: an eloquent lesson on the instability of human things, but wasted on the desert. » #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~ p. 78 Nogonbad Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.682353 long 53.323493 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Nogonbad Caravanserai کاروانسرای نوگنبد VARIANT names: Nogonbad Caravanserai , Noor Abad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077330 coordinate: lat 32.701701 long 48.779396 NIMA/GNS names: Noor Abad , Nurabad , نور آباد , VARIANT names: Noor Abad , Nurabad , ※ SOURCE for Nurabad « During the last 2 miles the track lies over rich grassy undulating ground when the camping ground of Nürābād is reached at the foot of the Lungar mountain. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 121 « Track now lies over rich grassy undulating ground for another hour. when the camping ground of Nurabad is reached, at the foot of the Lungar mountain. » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 48/92 north-east spur of the Sikeria mountain : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.66006 long 48.71201 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: north-east spur of the Sikeria mountain , ※ SOURCE for north-east spur of the Sikeria mountain « Pass over the north-east spur of the Sikeria mountain, the bear-ing of general direction is easterly ncross the valley between the two mountain ranges of Sikeria and Lungar.The descent into the valley is difficult as it is over large boulders of conglomerate rock and Dose stones. » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 45/92 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077120 coordinate: lat 29.8588889 long 59.9855556 VARIANT names: Nosratabad , Nustrabad , ※ SOURCE for Nustrabad « and Nusratrabad, 37 miles. Here we were compelled to halt for five days, awaiting a body of Sistan Baluchis despatched to meet us. We had pushed rapidly across the intervening desert, and were entering the mountain ranges s.w. of Sistan, dividing by a continuous line to the east-ward that province from the outlying Persian and Perso-Baluch districts annexed in recent years to Kirman. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 68 Now gate : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.610602 long 52.554894 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Now gate , ※ SOURCE for Now gate « According to Mostowfi, in 1340 Shiraz had nine gates. (11)... Now (New) Gate: location unknown, probably on the east side of the city. Shadd al-Izar mentions the Bagh-e-Now Gate adjoining a district of the same name. fn. 11 Nozhat al-Golub p. 113. » #3194 John W. Limbert, Shiraz in the Age of Hafez The Glory of a Medieval Persian City, University of Washington Press, 2004 ~ p. 53 Now Guran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013159 coordinate: lat 32.3833 long 51.2335 NIMA/GNS names: Now Guran , نو گوران , VARIANT names: Naugaran , Now Guran , ※ SOURCE for Naugaran « Similarly there are 80 habbas of ryots in the neighbouring village of Naugarân, owned by an arbab resident in Isfalian; aud in Chirmil also the ryots' holdings are supposed to correspond to their habbas. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 2 p. 279 Nowabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CMP UFI: 11815159 coordinate: lat 27.718182 long 52.561098 NIMA/GNS names: Nowabad , نوآباد , VARIANT names: Naw-Abad , Nowabad , ※ SOURCE for Naw-Abad « Naw-Abad » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 6 : Firuzabad (Jur) - Siraf (3)} ※ SOURCE for Nowabad « Kabk-i Kuchek (G6; also called Kal-i Kuchek) is the first of a series of sites on the north side of the valley beginning at Nowabad, the principal settlement at the west end of the Galehdar valley (Gaube 1980: 158).. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 87 Nowdaran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077165 coordinate: lat 28.8183 long 52.4684 NIMA/GNS names: Nowdaran , نودران , VARIANT names: Naudaran , Nouderoon , Nowdaran , ※ SOURCE for Naudaran « Partis de Firūzābād, nous nous dirigeons vers la haute chaîne de Après la traversée du village d'Aminābād, nous passons à gué une large rivière, le Rüd-i Karikhlah; ensuite, longeant des champs cultivés ou laissés en friche, nous dépassons, à droite, les villages de Mushkün et de Naudaran. [Leaving Firūzābād, we head towards the high range of After crossing the village of Aminābād, we ford a wide river, the Rüd-i Karikhlah; then, skirting cultivated or fallow fields, we pass, on the right, the villages of Mushkūn and Naudaran.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 165 ※ SOURCE for Nouderoon « Nouderoon » in {map#1231 ‘Sketch of Lieut. Snodgrass’s Route from Bushire to Shiraz, via Feruzabad, A.D. 1810’, , , [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3118, in Qatar Digital Library} Nowkan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 9054294 coordinate: lat 28.995342 long 55.96596 NIMA/GNS names: Ahmadabad-e Now Kahan , Nowkan , Tolombeh-ye Nowkan , Tolombeh-ye Nukan , احمد آباد نو کهن , VARIANT names: Naukan , Nowkan , ※ SOURCE for Naukan « 2nd April, Tents at Naukan, 10 farsakhs ; 6.30 a.m. to 7 p.m. Before sunrise we were marching over the moors. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 172 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.253815 long 50.669447 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Nuchlat , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Nuchlat FOR Taoke [Vincent], ※ SOURCE for Nuchlat « Nuchlat » in {map#1117 Chart of the Head of the Gulph of Persia, John McCluer (Dalrymple edition), 1786, British Library: 435.k.17, folio 367} [Khor-al-Qusair is 7 miles north of the mouth of the Helleh Rude. The Helleh Rude passes Tawwaj some 35 miles to the north east. Placed « Nuchlat » between Khor-al-Qusair and mouth of the Helleh Rude PBR] NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.253815 long 50.669447 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Nuchlat , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Nuchlat AT Khor-al-Qusair lat 29.253815 long 50.669447 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Nuchlat « Nuchlat » in {map#1117 Chart of the Head of the Gulph of Persia, John McCluer (Dalrymple edition), 1786, British Library: 435.k.17, folio 367} [Khor-al-Qusair is 7 miles north of the mouth of the Helleh Rude. The Helleh Rude passes Tawwaj some 35 miles to the north east. Placed « Nuchlat » between Khor-al-Qusair and mouth of the Helleh Rude PBR] Nudushan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3076185 coordinate: lat 32.03097 long 53.54857 NIMA/GNS names: Nadushan , Nodushan , Nowdushan , Nudushan , ندوشن , VARIANT names: Nudushan , Nukdar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.847425 long 49.058555 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Nukdar , ※ SOURCE for Nukdar « Track bad along very precipitous slopes, descends again slightly and we encamp on a small open spot near a spring which is called Nukdar on an "ilyat" encamping-ground. » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 52/92 Nurabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077324 coordinate: lat 30.114052 long 51.521744 NIMA/GNS names: Nurabad , نور آباد , VARIANT names: Nurabad , ※ SOURCE for Nurabad « Further to the south, amid the mountain ranges inhabited by various tribes of the Lur family, other remains have been discovered Other remains and described. Of these the most important are some sculptures, of which drawings were made by De Bode, in a gorge called the Teng-i-Saulek, at a distance of seven farsakhs from Behbehan, in the territory of the Bahmei tribe of Bakhtiaris. At a Mamasenni village named Nurabad, between Behbehan and Kazerun, and on the banks of a small river, is a great Sassanian bas-relief, representing a seated monarch and his courtiers, not unlike one of the tablets at Shapur. It is called Naksh-i-Baliram, and the plain Sahra-i-Bahram.(2) fn. 2 Vide Flandin and Coste, vol. iv. pl. 229; De Bode, vol. ii. p. 225; Stolze, Persepolis, vol. ii. pl. 146. » #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892, ~ vol. 2 p 314 Nurabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077321 coordinate: lat 27.7773 long 57.1639 NIMA/GNS names: Nurabad , نور آباد , VARIANT names: Nurabad , Nurabad Rudbar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.7805555555556 long 57.35 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Nurabad Rudbar , ※ SOURCE for Nurabad Rudbar « Breitenbestimmungen aus astronomischen Beobachtun- gen zwischen Kermån und Bender 'Abbas. Breite Länge Nurabad, Rudbar 27 46 50 57 21 (letzteres nach der englischen Admiralitätskarte). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~ p. 351 Obashun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.758325 long 52.572979 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Obashun , ※ SOURCE for Obashun « At 5 miles 2 furlongs the road crosses a dry nullah, called "Zur," flow to north, east banks precipitons, and 2 miles 6 furlongs further on another, called "Obashun," bed dry, about 15 yards broad, flow northerly. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 14 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 13.002475 long 43.398128 VARIANT names: Ocelis , ※ SOURCE for Ocelis owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Ocelis, 43.398128, 13.002475, YE, nkn, approx, 115, tmcIRa0100_019a » octogonal caravanserai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.286853 long 59.444329 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: octogonal building, opposite walls 48 m apart and 20 m long VARIANT names: octogonal caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for octogonal caravanserai « Between Shor Gez and Gurg is another tower, in ruins, and a very old Rabát or caravanseri. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 69 old gendarmerie station : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.10341 long 52.595857 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: old gendarmerie station , Old Ghubb Ali 7 : arch. site OMN UTM: DE350033 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2478914383666 long 56.3491409384977 VARIANT names: Old Ghubb Ali 7 , ※ SOURCE for Old Ghubb Ali 7 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 35 Oman : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PCLI UFI: -788314 coordinate: lat 21 long 57 NIMA/GNS names: `Uman , `Uman , Masqat and Oman , MU MASTER SOURCE HOLDINGS LIST , Muscat , Oman , Oman , Saltanat `Uman , Saltanat `Uman , Saltanat Masqat wa `Uman , Sultanat Masqat wah Oman , Sultanate of Muscat and Oman , Sultanate of Musqat and Oman , Sultanate of Oman , Sultanate of Oman and Muscat , سلطنة عمان , VARIANT names: Oman , Wöng-li , Wöng-man , Yung-Man , ※ SOURCE for Wöng-li « is an error for Wöng-man, Oman » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 117, 122 note 13 ※ SOURCE for Wöng-man #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p 122 note 13 ※ SOURCE for Yung-Man #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p 122 note 13 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 25.522222 long 55.626111 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Omana , Omanæ , Ommana , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Omana AT ed-Dur lat 25.522222 long 55.626111 [D.T. Potts], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Omana AT Sohar lat 24.364297 long 56.746807 [Miles], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Omana AT Sohar lat 24.364297 long 56.746807 [Wilkinson], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Omana AT lat long [], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Omana AT Harmozia lat 27.008279 long 56.881125 [Tarn], ※ SOURCE for Omana D. T. Potts reviews the possible locations at length (#382 Potts, D.T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990) « Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 25.522222, 55.626111 » D.T. Potts, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Ryan Horne, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Omana?: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2022 at link23 [accessed 12 May 2023] « Given the prominence of ed-Dur and the unmistakable signs of contact with many other parts of the world, from the Mediterranean to India, it is tempting to try to identify the site with one of the emporia on the Erythraean Sea mentioned in contemporary Greek and Latin sources. … Since the ed-Dur excavations revealed such a wealth of imported material, suggesting that the site was a major emporium, the ancient name that many scholars have identiied it with is Omana. » #2773 D.T. Potts, In the land of the Emirates: The archaeology and history of the UAE, Trident Press and Sultan bin Zayed's Culture and Media Centre, Abu Dhabi, 2012 ~ p. 130 « The city of Omana is Sohar, the ancient capital of Oman, which name, as is well known, it then bore, and Pliny seems to be quite right in correcting former writers, who had placed it in Carmania, on which coast there is no good evidence that there ever was a place of this name. Nearchus does not mention it, and though the author of the Periplus of the Erythræan sea does locate it in Persis, it is pretty evident he never visited the place himself, and he must have mistaken the information he obtained from others. » #807 Miles, Samuel Barrett, Note on Pliny's Geography of the East Coast of Arabia, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, London, ~ p. 164 « The siting of the towns mentioned by the classical authors is highly debatable, but it is probable that the locations of Batrasasave and Om(m)ana (6) are to be found on the shores of the eastern Trucial Oman and show well developed trading centres to have been in existence by the first century A.D. fn. 6 Amongst the sites which offer themselves for identification are Sohar, Julfär (Ras al- Khayma) possibly Khawr Fukkan and Dabā although it is reasonable to suppose that this last is Pliny's Dabanegoris regio (Pliny, Book VI, xxxii 150). The name Batrasasave has several variants amongst which is Batrasabbe (c.f. Sprenger, p. 132) and this perhaps indicates that the name is a compound word meaning the something (rock? citadel?) of the Sabae in which case the forts on the hills at Sohar and Julfar come to mind. The author is of the opinion that Julfär is Batrasasave whilst Sohar is Omana. Sohar was the capital of Oman in pre-Islamic times and Arab authors referring to Oman often mean Sohar so it is reasonable to suppose that Oman should be the same as the ancient capital on the Batiha Coast. The stumbling block in all attempts to locate Omana is the description in the Periplus (p. 36) which says 'Sailing through the mouth of the Gulf, after a six days' course there is another market town of Persia called Ommana'. However, many early authors consider the Gulf of Oman to be part of the Persian Gulf so that the author of the Periplus probably means Ra's al-Hadd not the Straits of Hormuz when he speaks of 'the mouth of the Gulf'. This explanation supports a siting of Omana at the north end of the Batina Coast; Tarn (pp. 481-5) believes Omana to have been the port of Carmamia (Kirman) near Hormuz. The idea of its being at Abu Dhabi, or for that matter anywhere on the Trucial Coast which the editor of the Periplus suggests, is ruled out by the very nature of the country and the lack of any archaeological evidence to support the hypothesis. » #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, The Geographical Journal, London, 1964 ~ p. 341 and fn p. 348 « Ptolemy VI, 18 adds little; native names apart, he gives three towns in Carmania-Alexandria, Carmania Metropolis (certainly Kerman), and Harmouza (? Harmozia); this last is doubtless Pliny's Portus Macedonum among the Harmozaei, and, as will presently appear, it was probably Omana. Ptolemy's Harmouza is the Harmoza Regia of the Ravennate geographer; this ought to mean that it was once somebody's capital. Of course neither Harmozia nor Portus Macedonum (p. 13) was its official name. We have then in Pliny bits of some Hellenistic account of a settlement about the Amanis (Minab) river country reaching roughly from Alexandria- Gulashkird to the sea, with a harbour town on the Gulf of Ormuz which did a large trade. There seems to be no other place along the Carmanian coast where a settlement on any scale could be made; and this district, not Kerman, was the essential 'Carmania'. 'Alexander's' altars on C. Jask are like 'Alexander's' attempt to establish agriculture in Gedrosia (p. 260): » #229 Tarn, W. W., The Greeks in Bactria and India, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1951 ~ p. 482 ※ SOURCE for Omanæ « Plinius in seiner Parenthese geht nicht ab hoe latere aus, sondern verfolgt die Fahrt vom Rothen Meere her und das Omanorum Batrasabbes oppidum ist in jenem Lande zu suchen, das wir jetzt noch 'Omån heissen, und das nach den Begriffen der Alten schon am Persischen Meere liegt, und ist wahrscheinlich Sib, 25' westlich von Masqat. Wenn die ersten zwei Silben batra nicht ein Fehler für Batn sind, so sehen wir sie als eine Transscription von, bathr, vul- canische Gegend, an. Wenn die Araber 'Omân als Stadtname ge- brauchen, so meinen sie Çohar; das ist also das Omanæ des Plinius, Omnæ ist mir unbekannt, Attance ist Chatt (§ 177) in anderer Form. » [Pliny in his parenthesis does not start from hoe latere, but follows the voyage from the Red Sea and the Omanorum Batrasabbes oppidum is to be found in that country which we still call 'Omån, and according to the concepts of the ancients already on the Persian Sea lies, and is probably Sib, 25' west of Masqat. If the first two syllables batra are not a mistake for Batn, we take them as a transliteration of, bathr, volcanic region. When the Arabs use 'Omân as a city name, they mean Çohar; so this is Pliny's Omanæ, Omnæ is unknown to me, Attance is Chatt (§ 177) in another form.#1332 Sprenger, A., Die alte Geographie Arabiens, Commissionsverlag Von Huber als Comp; Meridian Publising Co., Bern; Amsterdam, 1875;1966 ~ p.124 ※ SOURCE for Ommana the authors locates it south of Gerrha opp Bahrain and just south of Qatar #823 Warmington, E H, The Commerce between the Roman Empire and India, Cambridge, 1928 and #824 Miller, J Innes, The Spice Trade of the Roman Empire, 29 BC to AD 641, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1969 « many islands known as the Callæi, after about two thousand stadia, extending along the shore. The inhabitants are a treacherous lot, very little civilized. 35. At the upper end of these Callæi islands is a range of mountains called Calon, and there follows not far beyond, the mouth of the Persian Gulf, where there is much diving for the pearl-mussel. To the left of the straits are great mountains called Asabon, and to the right there rises in full view another round and high mountain called Semiramis; between them the passage across the strait is about six hundred stadia; beyond which that very great and broad sea, the Persian Gulf reaches far into the interior. At the upper end of this Gulf there is a market-town designated by law, called Apologus, situated near Charax Spasini and the River Euphrates. 36. Sailing through the mouth of the Gulf, after a six-days’ course there is another market-town of Persia called Ommana. To both of these market-towns large vessels are regularly sent from Barygaza, loaded with copper and sandalwood and timbers of teakwood and logs of blackwood and ebony. To Ommana frankincense is also brought from Cana, and from Ommana to Arabia boats sewed together after the fashion of the place; these are known as madarata. From each of these market-towns, there are exported to Barygaza and also to Arabia, many pearls, hut inferior to those of India; purple, clothing after the fashion of the place, wine, a great quantity of dates, gold and slaves. 37. Beyond the Ommanitic region there is a country also of the Parsidæ, of another Kingdom, and the bay of Gedrosia, from the middle of which a cape juts » (#487 Schoff, Wilfred H. (trans.), The Periplus of the Erythraen Sea, Travel and Trade in the Indian Ocean by a merchant of the first century, Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, New Delhi, 1995 p. 36)# « But we cannot propose ed-Dhoor to identify Ommana: apart from the fact that the ruins of the site do not seem to be those of a large port "of Persia", the duration of six days of navigation from Ras Musandam implies that the city was farther from the strait. It is therefore necessary to replace Ommana where the "ancient authors" of PLINY located it, in Carmania, no doubt near the present city of Sadij, where the Periplus locates it, » #2859 Jean-François Salles, Monnaies d'Arabie Orientale : éléments pour l'histoire des Emirats Arabes Unis à l'époque historique, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1980 vol. 10: ~ p. 104 « We have dealt previously in this journal with the location of Ommana (Salles 1980): we do not accept Tarn's assimilation of Hurmuz with the ancient Ommana. It is against the Periplus description, "...sailing through the mouth of the Gulf, after a six-days course...". Ptolemy himself names two towns, Armouzon and Kommana, which are located more east- ward. We must refer to some undated ruins which were found in Tiz, near Chabahar (Stein 1934): this site could fit with our tentative location of Ommana. » #2809 R. Boucharlat, J.-F. Salles, The History and Archaeology of The Gulf From The Fifth Century B.C. to the Seventh Century A.D.: A Review Of The Evidence, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1981 ~ p. 67 Omm al Karami : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3077420 coordinate: lat 27.834 long 51.5595 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Umm-al-Karam , Jazireh-ye Garam , Jazireh-ye-Umm-al-Karam , Omm al Karami , Omm ol Karam , Omm ol Karami , Omm-e-Karam , Omn ol Karam , Qurma , Umm al Karam Island , Umm al Kuram , ام الكرمی , امّ الكرم , جزيره گرم , VARIANT names: Omm al Karami , Qurma , Umm al Karam I , ※ SOURCE for Qurma « Omm ol Karam (Qurma) (27°50'N., 51°33'E.) and Nakhilu (27°49'N., 51°28'E.) are low islets lying on an extensive shoal. Nakhilu is recognized by a square, stone tomb in the middle of the islet. A shoal, with a least depth of 3.7m, extends about 18 miles SE from Nakhilu. A drying bank of sand over rock, of which Ras ol Motaf is the extremity, lies on this shoal. 14.15 This drying bank has been reported to extend further W and S than charted. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 298 ※ SOURCE for Umm al Karam I « Umm al Karam I » in {map#1109 Series K501, U.S. Army Map Service, 1931-, U.S. Army Map Service, 1931-, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Khurmuji Sheet H-39 V and G-39 D Omm al-Qasar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.864418 long 51.478224 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Omm al-Qasar , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Omm al-Qasar FOR Casara [Tomaschek], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Omm al-Qasar FOR Casarusuend [Tomaschek], ※ SOURCE for Omm al-Qasar « 2 Miles weiter die ebenso langgestreckte Sandinsel Omm al- Qasar (von arab. qasar Las Felsbank'; vgl. bei Balbi Casar usbend, und unter den Golfinseln beim Ravennaten V, 17, p. 385 CASARA) [2 miles further the equally elongated sand island Omm al-Qasar (from Arabic qasar Las Felsbank'; cf. in Balbi Casar usbend, and under the Gulf Islands in Ravenna V, 17, p. 385 CASARA)] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 59 [ I have been unable to locate « Omm al-Qasar » in any map or other text. The coordinates given here are 2 miles west of Umm Sila, PBR ] Ormara : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2770850 coordinate: lat 25.2105556 long 64.6375 NIMA/GNS names: Ormara , VARIANT names: ’Arabah , Bagasira , Hormarah , Ormara , ※ SOURCE for ’Arabah ’Arabah ※ SOURCE for Bagasira see ref. For Ormara #972 Indica 26.2 Bagisara ※ SOURCE for Hormarah « After leaving this place [Sonméány'], Nearchus sailed about two thousand one hundred and eighty stadia, and then arrived at a place called Bagisira, where was a haven fit for the recption of a fleet: it is now known by the name of ’Arabah or Hormárah Bay [ n. Or Ormárah. From Mr. Pottinger's account, it appears that Hurmárah is a town on the main land, and Arabú the name of the island.-E.] and is deep and commodious, with good anchorage, sheltered from all winds but those from the southward and eastward. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 pp. 264-5 ※ SOURCE for Ormara « After leaving this place [Sonméány'], Nearchus sailed about two thousand one hundred and eighty stadia, and then arrived at a place called Bagisira, where was a haven fit for the recption of a fleet: it is now known by the name of ’Arabah or Hormárah Bay [ n. Or Ormárah. From Mr. Pottinger's account, it appears that Hurmárah is a town on the main land, and Arabú the name of the island.-E.] and is deep and commodious, with good anchorage, sheltered from all winds but those from the southward and eastward. » (#253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 pp. 264-5) 2180 stadia = 122 miles = 194 km giving 17.87 stadia to mile and 11.24 stadia to km Orsu'iyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053758 coordinate: lat 28.4414 long 56.3728 NIMA/GNS names: `Orsu'iyeh , Arzoo'eyeh , Arzu , Arzu'iyeh , Orzu'iyeh , Ozu'iyeh , ارزوئیه , VARIANT names: Orsu'iyeh , Orzu fort , ※ SOURCE for Orzu fort « At the 15th mile we reached solne rocks, several high ridges of which interrupt the plain at this point, running N.N.W. and S.S.E. The juniper-trees had become scarcer in this part. At 18½ miles the deserted fort of Orzu bore N. 5° W. about 2 miles distant. Presently afterwards we passed the ruins of two small fiorts and some fruit-garden » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 60 Os Palheiros : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: -788361 coordinate: lat 21.902033 long 59.464385 NIMA/GNS names: Jabal Qarari , VARIANT names: Os Palheiros , Spallura , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Os Palheiros FOR Didymi montes [Forster], ※ SOURCE for Os Palheiros Os Palheiros encompasses Jabal Qarari and Jabal Sayh [The first occurrence of « Os Palheiros » in a chart that I have found so far is in {map#824 Livro de Marinharia, de João de Lisboa, João de Lisboa, 1560, PT/TT/CRT/166, Arquivo Nacional, Lisbon}. It has two main variants « ospalheiro » and « spalheiro » which appear in some maps until about 1740 after which it appears to be corrupted to « spallura ». Its position also changes from south of Ras al Had about al Ashkharah further south to Ras ar Ruwais.] PBR In 1835 Os Palheiros was shown as a range of hills « Os Palheiros » in {map#850 6. Arabia und das Nil-Land, Berghaus, Heinrich, 1835, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 15177.003} is shown as a line of hills from lat 21.221056°long 58.357285° to lat 21.508164° long 58.951825° in a heading of about 66º and west of « Ras Djibsch ». « Owen fuhr zwischen Ras Djibsch und Ras Markas längs der Ostseite der grofsen In- sel Massera; die Küste des vesten Landes konnte er nicht aufnehmen, weil er sich derselben in dem Kanale von Massera wegen der vielen Untiefen, die daselbst ausgebreitet liegen, nicht zu nähern ver- mogte. In den alten portugiesischen Berichten kommt eine Ensanada das Baxas (Einfahrt der Untiefen) so wie eine kleine Insel Massera oder Maceira vor; beide hat Kapit. Owen, des erwähn- ten Umstandes wegen, nicht gesehen, eben so wenig die Stadt Harmin und die Bergkette Os Palheiros. » [Owen sailed between Ras Djibsch and Ras Markas along the east side of the great island of Massera; he could not take the coast of the west country, because he could not approach it in the Channel of Massera, on account of the many shoals that lie spread out there. In the old Portuguese accounts there is an Ensanada das Baxas (Entrance of the Shallows) as well as a small island of Massera or Maceira; both has Kapit. Owen, for the aforesaid circumstance, not seen, nor the town of Harmin and the Os Palheiros mountain range. #2654 Heinrich Karl Wilhelm Berghaus, Geo-Hydrographisches Memoir zur Erklärung Und Erlauterung der General-Karte von Arabia und dem Nil Land E. (No. 6. Von Berghaus' Atlas Von Asia.), Justus Perthes, 1835 ~ p.77 « In allen portugiesischen Berichten, sagt Berghaus), fomme in dieser Gegend die Einfahrt der Untiefen, Ensanada das Baxas vor, und eine kleine ber Küste nabgelegene Jufel, Klein-Maceira, die von Capt. Owen so wenig wie die dortige Stadt Harmin und die Küstenkette os Palheiros gesehen ward; daher hier die Zeichnung der Berghaustschen Karte auch nur hypothetisch geblieben ist. » [In all Portuguese reports, says Berghaus, the entrance to the shallows, Ensanada das Baxas, occurs in this region, and a small jufel, Klein-Maceira, remote from the coast, which Capt. Owen as little as that the city of Harmin and the coast chain os Palheiros was seen there; therefore the drawing of Berghaus's map remained only hypothetical here.] in #2653 Carl Ritter, Die Erdkunde von Asien von Carl Ritter. Band VIII. Erste Abtheilung. Die Halbinsel Arabien., G. Reimer, Berlin, 1846 ~ pp. 347-8 #2631 Owen, W. F. W, Narrative of voyages to explore the shores of Africa, Arabia, and Madagascar; performed in H.M. ships Leven and Barracouta, under the direction of Captain W.F.W. Owen, Richard Bentley, New Burlington Street, London, 1833 ~ vol. 1 pp. 210-211. Names of Places are given by Owen in the tables at the end of #2632 William Fitzwilliam Owen, Richard Owen, Tables of latitudes and longitudes by chronometer of places in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans principally on the west and east coast of Africa, the coasts of Arabia, Madagascar etc. resulting from the observations of H. M. S. Leven and Barraconta in the years 1820 to 1826, Duckworth, 1827 ~ A chart at the British Library, {map#855 Africa, Sheet VI from the Juba Islands to Maskat with the Entrance to the Red Sea [1r] (1/2), Captain William Fitzwilliam Owen, 1877, British Library IOR/X/3828/598} was compiled under the direction of Captain William Fitzwilliam Owen from 1822 to 1826. North of 10° N the chart is compiled from reductions of more recent surveys by 'the East India Company's Officers'. Engraved by J and C Walker. Published by the Admiralty 1827, with corrections 1868, 1873, 1875, November 1876, December 1876, May 1877 and September 1877. There is no indication of Os Palheiros in either the books above or on the chart. « [margin: 15 On the 15th, with the wind blowing from the same direction as yesterday, just after dawn we sighted the palheiros,(34) which is what the Portuguese sailors call certain hills that can be seen on the mountaintops; they look like the sheaves of wheat [fol. 165v or barley in Spain that are normally raked into piles to separate the chaff from the wheat. There are three or four of these small hillocks in plain sight of those who sail past them. These palheiros come into the view of those who sail with a favorable monsoon on this voyage before any other section of land along the Arabian Coast. fn. 34 Portuguese for “haystacks.” » Excerpt from #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017 ~ p. 253-255 « PALHEIROS, Os - Nome de que Couto usa para designar um local da costa árabe compreendida entre os ras ou cabos Jibsh (21° 27' lat. N. e 59° 20' long. E.) e Gumeila (21° 58' lat. N. e 59° 40' long. E.), se é que o não aplica a toda a dita costa. O nome português - os Palheiros - subsiste próximo do cabo Gumeila, no local que as cartas do Almirantado britânico denominam Haycock, em 21° 56' lat. N. e 59° 27' long. E. [Diogo do Couto - Da Asia]. [PALHEIROS, Os - Name used by Couto to designate a place on the Arabian coast between the ras or capes Jibsh (21° 27' lat. N. and 59° 20' long. E.) and Gumeila (21° 58' lat. .N. and 59° 40' long. E.), if it does not apply to the entire said coast. The Portuguese name - the Palheiros - subsists near Cape Gumeila, in the place that the charts of the British Admiralty call Haycock, at 21° 56' lat. N. and 59° 27' long. E. [Diogo do Couto - From Asia].] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ p.19 [Using USGS contours with an overlay of the Berghaus range of hills {map#850 6. Arabia und das Nil-Land, Berghaus, Heinrich, 1835, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 15177.003} showed 3 peaks at 221m (lat 21.440095° long 58.397177°) 262m (lat 21.461853° long 58.600799°) and 172m (lat 21.500024° long 59.002707°) in a line from west to east. The west end of the above “Berghaus range of hills” is 24kms south of peak 221m and the east end 5km short of peak 172m.] PBR « Haycock » is shown in {map#870 Chart of the North-East Coast of Arabia, Commander I P Sanders and Lieutenant Albany Moore Grieve, Indian Navy, 1854, British Library, India Office, IOR/X/3635/20} and again more detailed in {map#883 'Arabian Sea', Stafford Bettesworth Haines and I P Sanders, 1899, British Library, Ref: IOR/X/3828/1012}. Haycock (lat. 21.897589 long 59.468913°) is some 90 kms north east of the Berghaus range of hills, nearer to the coast and with a profile more indicative of García de Silva y Figueroa’s description. see additional notes « os palheiro [Portuguese name] Ghubbat al-Hashish [Arab name]? » Excerpt from #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 « a town at the eastern extremity of the Gulf of Bassa, between Harmin and Ras-al-Hhad. Inland, north of Abissa and its Gulf, the Didymi Montes of Ptolemy obviously correspond with the Palheiros mountains lying north of the Gulf of Bassas. This region is the Libanotophoros, or region of frankincense. Ptolemy's Bosara » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ vol.2 p. 181-3 and pp. 235-6 ※ SOURCE for Spallura placed further south to Haycock in {map#821 Map of the Arabian Coast, Red Sea, and Persian Gulf, Jacques-Nicolas Bellin, 1745/1746, Qatar National Library, 12896} placed further south to Haycock in {map#848 A Chart of the coast of Arabia, the Red Sea, and Persian Gulf, , 1740, #2091 Thomas Astley, A New General Collection of Voyages and Travels ... in Europe, Asia, Africa and America ..., Also the Manners and Customs of the Several Inhabitants, London, 1745 ~} NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 21.500024 long 59.002707 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Os Palheiros 172m , ※ SOURCE for Os Palheiros 172m [A topographical map from ArcGIS for the area showed 3 peaks at 221m (21.440095° 58.397177°) 262m (21.461853° 58.600799°) and 172m (21.500024° 59.002707°) in a line from west to east. The west end of the above “shown as a line of hills from” is 24kms south of peak 221m and the east end 5km short of peak 172m. If these three peaks are the “haystacks” of Os Palheiros then Heinrich Berghaus was accurate.] PBR NIMA/GNS feature: HLLS independent coordinate: lat 21.440095 long 58.397177 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Os Palheiros 221m , ※ SOURCE for Os Palheiros 221m [A topographical map from ArcGIS for the area showed 3 peaks at 221m (21.440095° 58.397177°) 262m (21.461853° 58.600799°) and 172m (21.500024° 59.002707°) in a line from west to east. The west end of the above “shown as a line of hills from” is 24kms south of peak 221m and the east end 5km short of peak 172m. If these three peaks are the “haystacks” of Os Palheiros then Heinrich Berghaus was accurate.] PBR NIMA/GNS feature: HLLS independent coordinate: lat 21.461853 long 58.600799 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Os Palheiros 262m , ※ SOURCE for Os Palheiros 262m [A topographical map from ArcGIS for the area showed 3 peaks at 221m (21.440095° 58.397177°) 262m (21.461853° 58.600799°) and 172m (21.500024° 59.002707°) in a line from west to east. The west end of the above “shown as a line of hills from” is 24kms south of peak 221m and the east end 5km short of peak 172m. If these three peaks are the “haystacks” of Os Palheiros then Heinrich Berghaus was accurate.] PBR Ossuk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.09869 long 53.214666 † basis (unknown, approximate location coordinates) Supplement: Allamurdhesht to Kir Kurzin, 3 stages total given 84 miles, actual distance 84.7 miles. VARIANT names: Ossuk , ※ SOURCE for Ossuk « Ossuk in route Lingah to Shiraz» #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 344 « PULÄRÜS-Lat. Long. Elev. A stream in the south-east of Färs, supplying water to the village of Ossuk on the road from Shiraz to Lingah. (Pelly.) » #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 494 [Presume Pularus above refers to the ruined bridge over the river Qara Aghaj being upstream from Ossuk. PBR] Ouasili : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.65767 long 54.65727 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location identified using Gaube's KM135 in #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ Tabelle 1 p. 46, adjusted by -7kms to fit in known locations. VARIANT names: Baʃiele , K. Oaʃili , Ouasili , Warsalle , Wasili , Wassely , Waſſelee , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Ouasili AT Haji 'Ali C. lat 27.65767 long 54.65727 [Gaube], ※ SOURCE for Baʃiele « Nous en partimes le trentieme et traverſames 3 fois une petite riviere fort bafle en cetems-là, et fort enflée en hyver, et arrivames 2. heures après à Baʃiele, où nous attendimes la litiere. [We left on the thirtieth day and crossed 3 times a small river, very swollen at that time, and very swollen in winter, and arrived 2 hours later at Baʃiele, where we waited for the litter.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 318 ※ SOURCE for K. Oaʃili « Half an hour after one in the Afternoon we paffed by a covered Kervanʃeray called Oaʃili, and keeping on our way over little Sandy Hills » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thevenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687, ~ pt. 2 p 132 [10 hours from Lar to Kervanʃeray Schemzanghi - road distance 41 kms; 8.5 hours from Lar to Oaʃili - road distance at same speed 34 kms. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Ouasili « but Thursday the ſecond of April, about five of the Clock in the Morning, we continued our Journy, going ftreight East, in a very good Sandy way betwixt CornFields for the Villages are very thick thereabouts. On that Road I obferved a pretty pleafant thing, which is practifed in all that Country as far as Bendar Abaffi: I faw feveral Peafants running about the Corn-Fields, who raifed loud ſhouts, and every now and then clacked whips with all their forces and all this, to drive away the Birds which devour all their Corn: when they fee Flocks of them coming from a neighbouring Ground, that they may not light on theirs, they redouble their cries, to make them go farther; and this they do every day Morning and Evening. The truth is, there are fo great numbers of Sparrows in Perfia, that they deltroy all things, and ſcare-Crows are fo far from frightning them, that they will Pearch upon them. At eight a Clock we paffed by a little covered Kervanʃeray called Tʃcherchab, which puts: an end to the Corn-Fields; for beyond that, there is hardly ardly any thing to be found but Defarts fowed with flones: about two hours after we paffed by another Kervanseray, like to the former, called Tenghinoun; and a little further to the Left Hand, we faw a fmall Forrest of Palm-Trees. We afterwards marched on for the ſpace of about two hours through very flony Ground, and then carne to good even Sandy way. Half an hour after one in the Afternoon we paffed by a covered Kervanʃeray called Oaʃili, and keeping on our way over little Sandy Hills, we came at three a Clock to another, which is alfo covered, and called Schemzanghi, where we flopt, and this place is ʃeven Agaiʃch from Lar. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 132 ※ SOURCE for Warsalle « March the 1st. At 4 afternoon sett out for Warsalle, 5 farsangs; the first two good way, the other 3 bad stoney way. Warsale is a small caravensaroy kept by an old woman. Diary of 1 March 1707/8. Warsalle. (Waris 'Alî.) This place, not mentioned by Fryer, is the Basiele of Le Brun (II, 70) who remarks on the "little Caravanserai half demolished, where we found an aged voman with some provisions." The place is not marked on the maps: it must have been somewhere near the modern 'Aliâbâd. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 43 and 49 ※ SOURCE for Wasili « den 22. Dez. durch steinige Oden zur Karawanserei Wasili 5 Farsach. 2 Farsach zur Karawanserei Bahadeni...am großen, grünen Dorf Desgert (Desgard) rechts vorbei...ein Salzstrom SO, wel- cher zwischen die Gebirge weg und, wie man sagte, ins Meer fließe. Wir ließen 1 Farsach rechts 1/2 Stunde vom Wege hinter dem kleinen Berge einen sehr hohen Nemek Kui (Namk-Kuhi) oder Salzberg, der allein lag und keinen Zusammenhang mit den andern hatte. ... - Dann 1/2 Farsach zur Karawanserei Tschenitsche Tschengi, von Feldsteinen erbaut, zu 4 Seiten offen... Diese Art Karawansereien gibt es in den Chermesiren (Garmẞir, d. i. das warme Land), um bei der Hitze den Wind desto besser von allen Seiten aufzufangen, oder, falls er heiß, ihn mit an- gehängtem...abzuhalten. [December 22nd through stony odes to the caravanserai Vasili 5 Farsach. 2 Farsach to the Bahadeni caravanserai...past the large, green village of Desgert (Desgard) on the right...a salt stream SE, which flows between the mountains and, as they said, into the sea. We left a very high Nemek Kui (Namk-Kuhi) or salt mountain 1 Farsach to the right 1/2 hour from the path behind the small mountain, which lay alone and had no connection to the others. ... - Then 1/2 farsach to the Tscheniche Tschengi caravanserai, built of field stones, open on 4 sides... This type of caravanserai is found in the Chermesir (Garmẞir, i.e. the warm country), so that the wind is even better in the heat to catch it from all sides, or, if it is hot, to hold it off with an attached...] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 121 « From the karavansaray of Wasili, after two farsakhs, the traveller came to the large, verdant village of Desgert, where the karavansaray in 1717 was however totally uninhabitable. Continuing, after one-and-a-half farsakhs, the karavansaray called Tschenitsche Tschengi, which was a karavansaray square in shape, built of freestone, and open on all sides, was typical for this kind of building in the Garmsir in order to provide cooling from the wind. But there was nothing to be had at this karavansaray, neither water nor straw, hence caravans had to push onwards to Badini or Bahadini, which had a cistern, but one full of worms "as most tankes be." In 1717, the karavansaray was old and totally in ruins because of the earthquakes. (118) fn. 118 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 121 (Bahadeni; Desgert); Stodart (Dascherd; Bohodonie); Valentijn, vol. V, pp. 266, 273 (Bahadini. Badeni, Disgirt); Winninx, 9 July (Badang); Speelman, p. 44 (Bahadany); Herbert, p. 53 (Duzgun is Dastgird). I have not been able to identify the nearby Laztan-de. KA 1793, fol. 980 (Bhadanie; Dest-gird); Winninx, 11 July (Dasgard); Carmelites, vol. I, p. 219, n. men- tions a karavansaray with three water cisterns at one league from Dizkurd. » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 78 ※ SOURCE for Wassely « Een halff uur later ontmoeten den Engelsen wijnmaeker, genaamt Vincent, met 91 camelen alle met Chirasen wijn geladen naar Gamron reysende, passeerden ter regter sijde de carewansera Bahadany (1) ende mede Siamse Sangy (2), twee mijlen van den anderen gelegen, in welke laatste onse caffila den verleden middagh was aangecomen, en quamen ontrent 11 uuren aan de carwansera Wassely (3) te rust. Hadden dese mael gevordert 7½ mijl. fn. 1 De Simla kaart geeft Badeni. Niet vermeld door anderen.fn. 2 Tjashmeh-zangi de bron van den Ethiopiër, bij verkorting uit- gesproken Shamzengi, zooals het dan ook voorkomt op de Simla kaart en bij Tavernier, Thévenot en Fryer, welke laatste de overlevering geeft, dat de karavanserai gebouwd werd door een,,Abassin" en vertelt: „The Hollanders have here a neat, but small dwelling, whither their Com- modore comes sometimes." Dit was in 1877. Hij, Chardin en De Bruyn wijden uit over de doorgestane warmte en Tavernier, een reiziger van veel ondervinding, noemt den weg tusschen Hormuz en Jar le chemin le plus facheux de la Perse, parceque bien souvent il n'y a point d'eau." Onze landgenoot schrijft, zooals veeltijds, deu naam on- juist naar den gehoorden klank af: Samsomgien (hij is meer vertrouwd met het penseel dan met de pen) en Erasmus Petter, de lijfwacht die de reis van den gezant Johan van Leenen (1689) meemaakt en be- schrijft (Valentijn, Oud es Nieuw Oost-Indiën, V, 265), maakt er zich af met Samsamgen.fn. 3 Vermeld bij Petter: Wasseles en de Bruyn: Basiele. Als aan- vangsletter dient in al deze schrijfwijzen wel een v gesteld te worden. Door geen van hen wordt het als rastplaats gebezigd. [Half an hour later, the English winemaker, named Vincent, met 91 camels, all loaded with Chirasen wine, heading for Gamron, passed on the right side the carewansera Bahadany (1) and the Siamse Sangy (2), located two miles from the other, in which last our caffila had arrived last afternoon, and we rested at the carwansera Wassely (3) around 11 o'clock. This month we had progressed 7½ miles. fn. 1 The Simla map shows Badeni. Not mentioned by others.fn. 2 Tjashmeh-zangi the source of the Ethiopian, abbreviated as Shamzengi, as it also appears on the Simla map and at Tavernier, Thévenot and Fryer, the latter of which gives the tradition that the caravanserai was built by an "Abassin" " and says: "The Dutch have here a neat, but small dwelling, whilst their Commodore comes sometimes." This was in 1877. He, Chardin and De Bruyn elaborate on the heat endured and Tavernier, a traveler of much experience, mentions the road between Hormuz and Jar le chemin le plus facheux de la Perse, parceque bien souvent il n'y a point d'eau." Our compatriot, as he often does, writes the name incorrectly according to the sound heard: Samsomgien (he is more familiar with the brush than with the pen) and Erasmus Petter, the bodyguard who accompanied the envoy's journey. Johan van Leenen (1689) experiences and describes (Valentijn, Oud es Nieuw Oost-Indiën, V, 265), concludes with Samsamgen.fn. 3 Mention for Petter: Wasseles and de Bruyn: Basiele. In all these spellings, a v must be used as the initial letter. None of them use it as a resting place.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ ※ SOURCE for Waſſelee « Den 22. dito vertrokken wy weder, namen onze reize na Samſamge, trokken voorby een Karrawanſera, Waſſelee genaamd, hadden ook een redelyke weg door verſcheide rievieren en vericheidene vlaktens, met Salpeter, en wel zoodanig bedekt, dat het ſcheen of het ſneeuw was, daar benevens ook met eenig geboomte gelyk als zeven-boomen, daar 't et zout als gecandalizeerd op de bladeren zat, 't geen zeldzaam te zien was. Ook zagen wy bergen als van ys, in fchyn, t'eenemaal met Salpeter bedekt. [On the 22nd of this day we set out again, took our journey to Samſamge, passed by a Karrawanſera, called Waſſelee, which also had a reasonable route through several rivers and several plains, covered with saltpeter, and so covered that it seemed as if it were snow, there also with some trees such as seven-trees, because the salt was candalized on the leaves, which was rare to see. We also saw mountains like those of Ys, in France, completely covered with saltpetre.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 265 Ourmangel (Newberry) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.339909 long 55.092884 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Newberry covers the distance between Bender gomrow and Lar, actual distance 226 km in 9 days at an average of 25 km per day. Stage 1 to Cowrstan in 3 days would be about 75 km., actual distance 72 km. Stage 2 to Ourmangel in 2 days would be about 50 km., actual distance to Tang Dalan is 51 km. Stage 3 to Lar in 4 days would be 100 km., actual distance from Tang Dalan to Lar is 103 km. Newberry's narrative « The tenth day at Ourmangel: there is a Spring of fresh water, which runneth through the middle of it. » suggests the aqueduct at Tang Dalan. It is also possible that the name is a distortion of our مَنزِل / manzel temporary stop for travellers; lodging house, way station. VARIANT names: Ourmangel (Newberry) , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Ourmangel (Newberry) AT Tang Dalan lat 27.339909 long 55.092884 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Ourmangel (Newberry) « The fift day at night we departed from Bender gomrow and the eighth day we lodged at a Casal, called Cowrstan. The tenth day at Ourmangel: there is a Spring of fresh water, which runneth through the middle of it. The fourteenth day in the morning we came to the Citie of Lar. » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 460 Ourmangell (Herbert) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.668212 long 54.540383 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Herbert in his 1634 edition, « fuch being at euery Manzeil or refting places, ... From Bannarom, next night we got fiue leagues (or fifteene Engliſh miles) further, ... The fift night our Manzeil (or lournies end for that day) was at Whormoote, ... Next night we trauelled fixe leagues further, and two dayes after into Larr, » Herbert in his 1638 edition, « Our next daies travell was to Whormoot, eleven farfangs (thirty three miles) where we found a black pavillion ... Next night we got to Our mangell, five: and next day to Larr; two miles ſhort of which old City, » In his 1634 edition Herbert travels from Whormoot 5 leagues further, that is 24 km, and two days later arrives at Lar, which implies 72 km from Whormoot to Lar about the actual distance from Hormud-e Mir Khund to Lar. He makes no mention of stops but at 24km from Whormoot would be Badini, at 48km would be Basti Pariab C. and 72 km Lar. I believe that this is another example of the name being a distortion of our مَنزِل / manzel temporary stop for travellers; lodging house, way station. VARIANT names: Ourmangell (Herbert) , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Ourmangell (Herbert) AT Basti Pariab C. lat 27.668212 long 54.540383 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Ourmangell (Herbert) « Our next daies travell was to Whormoot, eleven farfangs (thirty three miles) where we found a black paviliion; in it three old Arabians; who, out of their Alcoran ingeminated a dolefull requiem to their Brothers carcaffe, over which they fat; their lookes were clouded with pathetick fadneffe, their cheekes bedewed with briny teares, intending (afeer the Jewish mode, septem ad luctus) to folemnife his farewell feven daies, finging, fighing, weeping. ... Nigh Whormoot are Duzgun, LazianDe, and other Townes, where is got the beſt AffaFatida through all the Orient:the tree is like our brier in height, the leaves reſemble Fig leaves, the root the Radith: the vertue had need be much, it ftincks ſo odiously. But, though the favour bee fo bale, the fapor is fo excellent, that no meat, no fauce, no veffell pleaſes the Guzurats pallat, fave what reliſhes of it. Next night we got to Ourmangell, five: and next day to Larr; two miles ſhort of which old City, the Cawzy, Calantar and other of the prime Citizens welcomed us with wine and other adjunts of complement. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p.125 « [116. Thevenot 1971, vol. 2, p. 132 (Ouasili; Schemzenghi); Kaempfer 1968, p. 121 (Wasili);Valentijn 1726, vol. 5, p. 265 (caravanserai Wasselee; Samsange); LeBrun 1718, vol. 2, p. 318(Basieli; then followed an unnamed small caravanserai probably Shamsangi); Speelman 1908, p.44 (Wassely; Siamse Sangy); Herbert 1929, p. 54 (Ourmangel) in view of the distance, 5 farsakh,this must be Wasali; Fryer 1909, vol. 2, p. 190 mentioned half-way between Sham Zangee and Lhor[Lar] a new caravanserai which either must be Waseli or Tang-e Nao. Ketelaar, without reportingtheir names, mentioned two sarays between Dastgerd and Kenanoen. KA 1793, f. 981.] » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 277 n. 116 Owlad Oghlu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3838928 coordinate: lat 36.0335 long 50.3055 NIMA/GNS names: Ala Daghlu , Owlad Oghlu , آلا داغلو , VARIANT names: Owlad Oghlu , Owraf : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 247234 coordinate: lat 30.224722 long 55.989722 NIMA/GNS names: Do Garm , Owraf , Shur Ab , اوراف , شور آب , VARIANT names: Owraf , Uraf , ※ SOURCE for Uraf « We camped at Uraf, on the edge of the great Rafsinján plain, and on the following day I was initiated into the royal sport of gazelle shooting. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 76 Ozero Rezaye : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LK UFI: -3077457 coordinate: lat 37.6484 long 45.6055 NIMA/GNS names: Daryacheh-i-Rizaiyeh , Daryacheh-i-Shahi , Daryacheh-i-Urumiyeh , Daryacheh-ye Orumiyeh , Daryacheh-ye Reza'iyeh , Daryacheh-ye Shahi , Lake Matianus Urmia , Lake Rizaiyeh , Lake Urmia , Lake Urmia , Ozero Rezaye , Rumiya Goli , ازر رزي , درياچۀ اروميه , درياچۀ رزائيه , درياچۀ شاهی , دریاچه ارومیه , VARIANT names: Ozero Rezaye , Pūzeh Khūri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.824608 long 54.431677 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pūzeh Khūri , ※ SOURCE for Pūzeh Khūri « The road now runs N.-N.-E. over the stoneless plain to the cistern of Pūzeh Khūri, passed at 9¾ miles, which contained water in March 1907; the road then circumvents the E. edge of the low ridge bounding the plain to the N., and runs N.-N.-W. along a water- course flowing into the Kurdeh plain in a valley 1 mile wide, cultivated, open, and passable. At 11 miles the road debouches along the watercourse into the Dah Küh plain, which runs E. and W., about 2 miles broad and 4 miles long, draining into Kurdeh plain, and bounded on all sides by low hills. At 11¼ miles, the caravanserai of Dah Kūh is reached. Roads here diverge to Furg and Däräb, Route No. 12. Water. From two cisterns. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 147 « Pūzeh Khūri (Cistern)» in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} P1 (Shahr-i-Dagianus) : arch. site IRN UTM: 5744, 2839 converted to coordinate: lat 28.680278 long 57.680556 Supplement: [ CORRECTION: coordinates corrected in line with new edition #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ] VARIANT names: P1 (Shahr-i-Dagianus) , ※ SOURCE for P1 (Shahr-i-Dagianus) « Other variants: none Details: The Site Card for P1 has .. toponym, however the assemblage is large and includes a few early East Asian imports that are rare on inland sites, suggesting that the site may be one of some importance. In fact Williamson’s assemblage bears a number of similarities with Stein'? collection from one of the largest sites within the area, Shahr-i-Daqianus, both in terms of the overall chronological profile and the presence of manufacturing evidence for an identical type of moulded ewer (ME?.LG) (personal observation based on a study o f Stein's Iranian finds in the Ancient Near East and Asia departments of the British Museum). As a result it seems highly probable that P1 can be identified with Shahr-i-Daqianus and the location for this site has been given (Stein, 1937: 151-57, map ?, sec. ?). No. of sherds: 1028 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P10 Tump-i Huseinabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5743, 2820 converted to coordinate: lat 28.333889 long 57.716389 Supplement: [ CORRECTION: coordinates corrected in line with new edition #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ] VARIANT names: P10 Tump-i Huseinabad , ※ SOURCE for P10 Tump-i Huseinabad « Other variants: Hoseyna- bad Details: The location of Tump-i Huseinabad is given by Prickett (1986a: 1274). An equivalent version of the place name, Hoseynabad, is also marked (Adamec, 1988: Map Sheet 21-D). No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P12 Khanuj : arch. site IRN UTM: 5745, 2758 converted to coordinate: lat 27.9666666666667 long 57.75 VARIANT names: P12 Khanuj , ※ SOURCE for P12 Khanuj « Other variants: Khanu Details: See P11. No. of sherds: 11 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P13 Tump-i Kharg : arch. site IRN UTM: 5755, 2803 converted to coordinate: lat 28.05 long 57.9166666666667 VARIANT names: P13 Tump-i Kharg , ※ SOURCE for P13 Tump-i Kharg « Other variants: Tum-e Khvark Details: Tump-i Kharg is described by Prickett (1986a: 1275). An equivalent version of the place name, Tum-e Khvark, is listed and the location of this is given No. of sherds: 86 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P14 Tump-i Kharg : arch. site IRN UTM: 5755, 2803 converted to coordinate: lat 28.05 long 57.9166666666667 VARIANT names: P14 Tump-i Kharg , ※ SOURCE for P14 Tump-i Kharg « Other variants: See P13 Details: See P13. No. of sherds: 10 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P15 Tump-i Namurdi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5802, 2801 converted to coordinate: lat 28.0166666666667 long 58.0333333333333 VARIANT names: P15 Tump-i Namurdi , ※ SOURCE for P15 Tump-i Namurdi « Other variants: none Details: Tump-i Namurdi is described by Prickett (1986a: 1275). P15 is located "2 miles North, Northwest of Gust-i Birjan"" (Site Card 2: 173). No. of sherds: 38 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P16 Tump-i Namurdi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5802, 2801 converted to coordinate: lat 28.0166666666667 long 58.0333333333333 VARIANT names: P16 Tump-i Namurdi , ※ SOURCE for P16 Tump-i Namurdi « Other variants: T.-i -Namurdi Details: Tump-i Namurdi is described by Prickett (1986a: 1275). P16 is located "0.5 mile Southwest of Tump-i Namurdi" e.g. P15 (Site Card 2: 174). No. of sherds: 69 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P17 Tump-i Hazar- Mardi : arch. site IRN UTM: 5759, 2800 converted to coordinate: lat 28 long 57.9833333333333 VARIANT names: P17 Tump-i Hazar- Mardi , ※ SOURCE for P17 Tump-i Hazar- Mardi « Other variants: none Details: The location of Tump-i Hazar-Mardi is given by Stein (1937: 143-44, map II, sec. III). No. of sherds: 79 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P18 Tump-i Surkh : arch. site IRN UTM: 5804, 2744 converted to coordinate: lat 27.7333333333333 long 58.0666666666667 VARIANT names: P18 Tump-i Surkh , ※ SOURCE for P18 Tump-i Surkh « Other variants: Tom-e Sorkh Details: Tump-i Surkh is described by Prickett (1986a: 1276). An equivalent version of the place name, Tom-e Sorkh, is listed and the location of this is given (USBGN: 548). No. of sherds: 76 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P19 Surkh- Qalat : arch. site IRN UTM: 5756, 2853 converted to coordinate: lat 28.8833333333333 long 57.9333333333333 VARIANT names: P19 Surkh- Qalat , ※ SOURCE for P19 Surkh- Qalat « Other variants: Sorkh Kalat Details: Surkh-Qalat is described by Prickett (Prickett, 1986a: 1276). An equivalent version of the place name, Sorkh Kalat, is marked (Adamec, 1988: Map Sheet 28-C). The site is also described as being c.9km beyond Qalat-i Surkh (Site Card 2: 175); a location that fits with the other information. No. of sherds: 76 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P20 Qalat-i Ganj : arch. site IRN UTM: 5731, 2731 converted to coordinate: lat 27.5166666666667 long 57.5166666666667 VARIANT names: P20 Qalat-i Ganj , ※ SOURCE for P20 Qalat-i Ganj « Other variants: Qal'eh Ganj Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Qal'eh Ganj, is marked (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P5 Gust- Burjan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5801, 2756 converted to coordinate: lat 27.937778 long 58.02 Supplement: [ CORRECTION: coordinates corrected in line with new edition #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ] VARIANT names: P5 Gust- Burjan , ※ SOURCE for P5 Gust- Burjan « Other variants: Bijnabad, Bijebabad Bizhanab- ad Details: For P5 Prickett uses the toponym Bijnabad (Prickett, 1986a: 1273), which is different to that marked on the Site Cards. Further equivalent versions of the place name, Bijebabad and Bizhanabad, are listed and their location is given (USBGN: 76). No. of sherds: 69 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P6 Gust- Burjan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5802, 2757 converted to coordinate: lat 28.935556 long 58.021389 Supplement: [ CORRECTION: coordinates corrected in line with new edition #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ] VARIANT names: P6 Gust- Burjan , ※ SOURCE for P6 Gust- Burjan « Other variants: See PS. Details: See ... The precise position of P6 is 300m Southeast by South from P5 (Site Card 2: 162). No. of sherds: 149 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P7 Tump-i Qala-i Kuckak : arch. site IRN UTM: 5744, 2830 converted to coordinate: lat 28.457156 long 57.735278 Supplement: [ CORRECTION: coordinates corrected in line with new edition #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ] VARIANT names: P7 Tump-i Qala-i Kuckak , ※ SOURCE for P7 Tump-i Qala-i Kuckak « Other variants: Qal'a-i Kuchik Details: The location of Tump-i Qala-i Kuckak is given as 5 miles Northwest of Kunar Sandal (Stein, 1937: 150). The same site name is given as Qal'a-i Kuchik by Prickett (1986a: 1273). The position of the place name is marked (Adamec, 1988: Map Sheet 21-D). No. of sherds: 82 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P8 Kunar Sandal : arch. site IRN UTM: 5747, 2828 converted to coordinate: lat 28.449444 long 57.779167 Supplement: [ CORRECTION: coordinates corrected in line with new edition #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ] VARIANT names: P8 Kunar Sandal , ※ SOURCE for P8 Kunar Sandal « Other variants: Konar Sandal Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Konar Sandal, is given as "¢.23.5 km south of Sabzavaran" (Prickett, 1986a: 1274). The position of the place name is marked (Adamec, 1988: Map Sheet 21-D). No. of sherds: 72 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 P9 Kunar Sandal : arch. site IRN UTM: 5747, 2828 converted to coordinate: lat 28.434444 long 57.783056 Supplement: [ CORRECTION: coordinates corrected in line with new edition #3019 Seth M. N. Priestman, Derek Kennet, Sasanian and Islamic Settlement and Ceramics in Southern Iran (4th to 17th Century AD): The Williamson Collection Project, British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monograph Series, 2023 ] VARIANT names: P9 Kunar Sandal , ※ SOURCE for P9 Kunar Sandal « Other variants: See P8 Details: See P8. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Pa Gandeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3077603 coordinate: lat 32.3872 long 53.8471 NIMA/GNS names: Pa Gandeh , Pa Gundeh , Pagondeh , پاگنده , VARIANT names: Pa Gandeh , Pabaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3198028 coordinate: lat 29.4178 long 57.7549 NIMA/GNS names: Pa Boneh , Pabaneh , Pabanen , Pay Boneh , پابنه , VARIANT names: Pa binna , Pabaneh , ※ SOURCE for Pa binna « Our camp that night was in a river bed near a tiny stream. In the valley was just one great tree a Binna (English name not known) from which the spot takes its name (Pa binna the foot of the Binna tree") There was here no village bot just a small caravanserafi one or two rooms and a good many walls. We pitched our tents here as usual for there was no wind to speak of and the rooms were not good. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 25 Padargus fl. : stream grp 23 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.079605 long 50.900624 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Padargos , Padargus fl. , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Padargus fl. AT Halileh lat 28.8344 long 50.88 [Vincent], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Padargus fl. AT Shif lat 29.07127 long 50.89956 [Tomaschek], ※ SOURCE for Padargos « Padargos | R | perhaps for Bagrada | RE; Whitcomb 1987, 331 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, ~ directory Map 94 Persis p. 1343 « XXXIX . Weighing thence they came to an inhabited district with a town called Hieratis , after accomplishing a distance of 750 stadia . They anchored in a canal which drew its waters from a river and emptied into the sea, and was called Heratemis.(79) Weighing next morning about sunrise, and sailing by the shore , they reached a winter torrent called the Padargos, where the whole place was a peninsula , wherein were many gardens and all kinds of trees that bear fruit . The name of the place was Mesambria.(80) Weighing from Mesambria and running a course of about 200 stadia, they reach Taôkê on the river Granis , and there anchor. Inland from this lay a royal city of the Persians , distant from the mouths of the river about 200 stadia.(81) We learn from Nearkhos that on their way to Taôkê a stranded whale had been observed from the fleet , and that a party of the men having rowed alongside of it , measured it and brought back word that it had a length of 50 cubits . Its skin, they added, was clad with scales to a depth of about a cubit, and thickly clustered over with parasitic mussels, barnacles , and seaweed . The monster, it was also noticed, was attended by a great number of dolphins , larger than are ever seen in the Mediterranean . Weighing from Taôkê they proceeded to Rhogonis , a winter torrent. where they anchored in a safe harbour. (82) fn. 78 The Sitakos has been identified with the Kara Agach, Mand, Mund or Kakee river, which has a course of 300 miles. Its source is near Kodiyan, which lies N. W. of Shiraz . At a part of its course it is called the Kewar River. The meaning of its name is black wood. In Pliny it appears as the Sitioganus . Sitakon was probably the name as Nearkhos heard it pronounced, as it frequently happens that when a Greek writer comes upon a name like an oblique case in Greek, he invents a nominative for it. With regard to the form of the name in Pliny, ' g' is but a phonetic change instead of ' k' . The ' i' is probably an error in transcription for ' t' . The Sitakos is probably the Brisoana of Ptolemy, which can have no connexion with the later -mentioned Brizana of our author. See Report on the Persian Gulfby Colonel Ross , lately issued. Pliny states that from the mouth of the Sitiogus an ascent could be made to Pasargada, in seven days ; but this is manifestly an error. fn. 79 The changes which have talwn place along the coast have been so considerable that it is difficult to explain this part of the narrative consistently with the DOW existing state of things. fn. 80 The peninsula, which is 10 miles in length and 3 in breadth, lies so low that at times of high tide it is all but submerged . The modern Abu-Shahr or Bushir is situated on it. fn. 81 Nearkhos, it is probable, put into the mouth of the river now called by some the Kisht, by others the Bosha. vir. A town exists in the neighbourhood called Gra or Gran, which may have received its name from the Granis . The royal city (or rather palace) , 200 stadia distant from this river, is mentioned by Strabo , xv. 3, 3 , as being situate on the coast. Ptolemy does not mention the Granis . He makes Taökê to be an inland town, and calls all the district in this part Taôkênê. Taokê may be the Touag mentioned by Idrisi, which is now represented by Konar Takhta near the Kisht . fn. 82 Rhogonis .-It is written Rhogomanis by Ammianus Marcellinus, who mentions it as one of the four largest rivers in Persia , the other three being the Vatrachitis, Brisoana, and Bagrada . It is the river at the mouth of which is Bender-Righ or Regh, which is considered now as in the days of Nearkhos to be a day's sail from Bushire. » #2999 Arrian, John Watson McCrindle, The Commerce and Navigation of the Erythraean Sea, Thacker, Spink, 1879 ~ pp. 214-5 « die Flüsse Sitakos [j. Sita] (p. 32.) und Heratemis, und an letzterem die Stadt Hieratis, dann die Gegend Mesambria bis zum Flusse Padargos, die Stadt Taoke am Fl. Granis (p. 33.), [the rivers of Sitakos [j. Sita] (p. 32.) and Heratemis, and at the latter the city of Hieratis, then the region of Mesambria to the river Padargos, the city of Taoke on the Fl. Granis (p. 33.),] » #2718 Albert Forbiger, Handbuch Der Alten Geographie, Mayer und Wigand, Leipzig, 1842-4, ~ vol. 1 p. 142 notes ※ SOURCE for Padargus fl. « PADARGUS (?άδαργος, Arrian, Indic. c. 39), a small stream of Persis, which appears to have flowed into the Persian Gulf near the present Abushír. It is not possible to identify this and some other names mentioned by Arrian from the Journals of Nearchus, owing to the physical changes which have taken place in the coast-line. » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1872, ~ vol. 2 p. 509 « PADARGUS fl., a r. of Persis Prop., falling into Persicus sin. N. of Hieratis. » #682 Hazlitt, William, The Classical Gazetteer, A Dictionary of Ancient Sites, Whittaker and Co., 1851, ~ p. 256 « Padargus » in {map#1112 No. II Chart of the Gulph of Persia, Vincent, William, 1797, #851 Vincent, William, The voyage of Nearchus from the Indus to the Euphrates, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1797 ~} « Quod ipsum in causa esse videtur ut Nearchea narratio ex hodierno locorum ratione minus accurate possit explicari. Padargus procul dubio est fluviolus, qui post circumnavigatam peninsulam in maris recessu occurrit. [This seems to be the very reason why Nearchae's story can be explained less accurately from today's location. The Padargus is undoubtedly a river which, after having circumnavigated the peninsula, meets the retreat of the sea.] » #2730 Karl Müller, Geographi graeci minores, Editore Ambrosia Firmin Didot, Paris, 1855, ~ vol. 1 p. 363 notes « From Hiératis the fleet proceeded the following morning to Mesámbria, and anchored at the mouth of the torrent called Padargus . The whole place, says Arrian, is a peninsula, which points out Busheer or Abu-Scheer most correctly; and here there is no distance given, a circumstance (252) recurring constantly whenever the fleet passes a cape , and anchors immediately under the shelter it affords . I should conclude , therefore, if d'Anville does not stand in my way, that Hiératis was at no great distance from the back of this cape to the eastward; that they had anchored there only because they could not double the cape the preceding evening, and had sailed into port as soon as they had day-light. These circumstances do not greatly disagree with the situation Thevenot gives to Koucher, and contribute to relieve the obscurity attendant upon this part of the coast.fn. 252 See chorages after passing Mount Eirus, Jask and Tarsia. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 pp. 393-4 « The fleet of Nearchus, when sailing along this coast, not being able to double the Cape in the evening, anchored in the bay to the south-eastwards . The place was called Hieratis , and near it was a canal called Heratemis . D'Anville identifies the site with the Kirazin of Idrisi , and Dean Vincent with Hallilah. The description , however, appears to refer to the island at the mouth of the Khor Kayir. The next day the fleet sailed to Mesambria , and anchored at the mouth of the torrent called Padargus. Mesambria means a peninsula , and by a torrent is meant a dry summer bed, such as nearly crosses the peninsula at Rû-al-Shahir. » #2998 William Ainsworth, A Personal Narrative of the Euphrates Expedition, K.Paul, Trench and Company, London, ~ vol. 2 p. 120 « 10. onward sailing to the river Padargus and the Mesambria peninsula - distance not given. Padargus - a small stream near Shif (Tomaschek 1890) Mesambria - the point of Risher almost isolated and like an island (d’Anville 1764: 161); peninsula on which Buschir, Abuschehr, Abu schähhr sits, Chersoneus of Cl. Ptolemy (Berghaus 1832: 39); ‘probably Bushir’ (Rawlinson 1857: 284); peninsula ‘occupied by the modern town of Abu-Shehr, or Bushire, now the principal trading-place on the Gulf’ (Bunbury 1879: 538) » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 4 Padari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077591 coordinate: lat 27.8131 long 52.2887 NIMA/GNS names: Padari , Padri , Pardi , پدری , پردی , VARIANT names: Padari , Padiri , Padri , ※ SOURCE for Padiri « Padiri » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} « Padiri » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} « Pres de Padiri, des tombeaux sont tailles dans le roc calcaire, comparables a ceux de Dihram, et a 1 km. du meme village, nous avons note la presence d'une canalisation et d'un barrage de l'epoque sassanide. En plusieurs endroits on retrouve des restes de la voie antique et d'anciennes citernes. [Near Padiri, tombs are cut into the limestone rock, comparable to those of Dihram, and 1 km. from the same village, we noted the presence of a canal and a dam from the Sassanid era. In several places we find remains of the ancient road and ancient cisterns.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 171 ※ SOURCE for Padri « Padri (]21) is a village below the great, needle-shaped mountain of Kuh-i Padri (2,152 m), surrounded by terracing and rock-cut conduits (Fig. 72). A cemetery with gravestones lies behind the village. Numerous sections of the ancient paved road wind round the south and east sides of the foot of the mountain. Kuh-i Padri appears to have a curtain wall defending the summit and numerous vaulted buildings; unfortunately on neither trip were we able to survey these remains, although Mr Mahmud Kordvani of the Iranian Center for Archaeological Research recorded local reports of buildings in 1966. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 81 « At 15 miles pass the hamlet of Pādri, a few huts and a small date grove. At this point are a few ruins said to be remains of Portuguese sanataria: a track here diverges to Husainābād reached at 2 miles. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 285 Padumi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062538 coordinate: lat 28.2161 long 55.1347 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Shur , Fadami , Fadami Ab-e Shur , Padumi , فدامی , VARIANT names: Fadumi , Kalai-Pedoumi , Padumi , ※ SOURCE for Fadumi « On our left, in a hollow of the black mountains, the fields and houses of Chahnar could be seen. A roofless abambar stood in the plain. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 153 ※ SOURCE for Kalai-Pedoumi « Kalaï-Pedoumi 3 farsengs » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 489 Paduyyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 10377740 coordinate: lat 27.7378 long 52.8411 NIMA/GNS names: Paduyyeh , پدویه , VARIANT names: Paduyyeh , NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 19.483334 long 75.383331 VARIANT names: Paethana , ※ SOURCE for Paethana owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Paethana, 75.383331, 19.483334, IN, nkn, exact, 119, tmcIRa0100_028a » NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 25.17 long 66.76 VARIANT names: Pagala , ※ SOURCE for Pagala Co-ordinates approx. #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ p. 5 Pahra : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.657799 long 48.949131 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pahra , ※ SOURCE for Pahra « Descend into a valley where the remains of numerous "ilyat" camps are found and encamp: this spot is called Pahra, height 4,250'. » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 49/92 Pa'in Ertebat : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 10389237 coordinate: lat 27.4922 long 53.4773 NIMA/GNS names: Pa'in Ertebat , پائین ارتباط , VARIANT names: Pa'in Ertebat , Pa'in Rah : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3196203 coordinate: lat 28.998056 long 53.093056 NIMA/GNS names: Pa'in Rah , VARIANT names: Acha Tachy , Aga taki , Agatakee , Carvanfera Agatachj , Firaw , Karawanserei Paira , Paerra , Paey-ra , Pa'in Rah , Pain-i Rah , Painra , Paira , Pajera , Para , Piraw , ※ SOURCE for Acha Tachy « Sondagh den 4den dito 'smergens liet d'heer de speel- luyden met een smalle gifte vereeren en steegh voorts te paart, comende naer drie en een halff mijl rijdens in de carewansera Acha Tachy (2)fn. 2 Chardin vermeldt deze karavanserai: Agha Taki, maar anderereizigers spreken van Painra (Dupré), of Paira, zooals Tavernier enThévenot het schrijven. Fryer heeft Firaw, maar vertaalt het doorThe foot of the way", d. i. dan Parah, en voegt bij dat Agha Takidaar een karavanserai bouwde. De rivier, waarvan de tekst spreekt,is de Kafr (dezelfde, die langs het op blz. 73 vermelde dorp van diennaam stroomt), elders, gedurende zijn loop van bijna 500 K.M., KaraAghach en Mend genaamd, tot zij, als de Khor Ziarat, ten Z. vanBüshir, in de Perzische Golf uitmondt.[On Sunday the 4th morning, the gentleman honored the players with a small gift and mounted further, coming after three and a half miles of riding in the carewansera Acha Tachy (2) fn. 2 Chardin mentions this caravanserai: Agha Taki, but other travelers speak of Painra (Dupré), or Paira, as Tavernier and Thévenot write. Fryer has Firaw, but translates it as The foot of the way", i.e. then Parah, and adds that Agha Taki built a caravanserai there. The river of which the text speaks is the Kafr (the same one that runs along it on p. 73 mentioned village of that name), elsewhere, during its course of almost 500 K.M., is called Kara Aghach and Mend, until it flows into the Persian Gulf as the Khor Ziarat, south of Büshir.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 81 ※ SOURCE for Aga taki « Le 26, je partis à trois heures du matin pourfaire huit lieues, parce que la traite étoit fortrude. Cinq lieues s'en font, partie par des routesfort pierreuses, partie à monter et à descendredes montagnes; mais le reste se fait dans une fortbelle plaine. Au bout des cinq lieues, on trouveun caravanserai, nommé Aga taki (1), du nomde celui qui l'a fondé, qui étoit un riche marchand.fn. 1 Le käravansérây d'ághá Tagy est auprès d'un endroit nom- mé Firah, suivant Fryer's, New account of East India and Persia, pag. 241. (L-s.) [On the 26th, I left at three o'clock in the morning to go eight leagues, because the trade was very rough. Five leagues are there, part by very stony roads, part by going up and down the mountains; but the rest is done in a very beautiful plain. At the end of five leagues, we find a caravanserai, named Aga taki (1), from the name of the man who founded it, who was a rich merchant. fn. 1 The käravansérây of ághá Tagy is near a place called Firah, according to Fryer's, New account of East India and Persia, pag. 241. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 461 ※ SOURCE for Agatakee « August 22. We rose from Dottiuan, and passing by Cossir, lodged at Agatakee. » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 207 ※ SOURCE for Carvanfera Agatachj « 20 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 ※ SOURCE for Firaw « for we had not traced Ten Miles of this pleasant Way, when we came to Firaw (3), (The Foot of the Way,) where Aga Tocke had placed a Caravan Ser Raw; fn. 3 Perhaps Agha Taqi. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 207 ※ SOURCE for Karawanserei Paira « Und dies 3 Farsach zur Karawanserei Paira (Pâ'inä, d. i. niedrig weg, daher der Name). Dessen Erbauer Aga Tagi (Agha Tagi). Hinter dieser Karawanserei lief ein ziemlicher Strom... immer längs des Fußes des Schneeberges, der hier seinen Schnee verloren hatte. [And this 3 Farsach to the caravanserai Paira (Pâ'inä, i.e. low way, hence the name). Its builder Aga Tagi (Agha Tagi). Behind this caravanserai there ran quite a stream... always along the foot of the snow mountain, which had lost its snow here.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 111 ※ SOURCE for Paerra « Viaggiammo fra montagne, per una peſſima ſtrada piena di pietre, il Mercor- di 22. e calati..in fine per una ſeeſa di 12. miglia, arrivammo nel Karvanſerà di Paerra, avendo fatte 20. miglia in otto ore. [We traveled among the mountains, along a very stone-filled road, on Wednesday the 22nd, and finally descended for a distance of 12 miles, arriving in the Karvanſerà of Paerra, having traveled 20 miles in eight hours.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 266 ※ SOURCE for Paey-ra « Nous pourfuivimes notre chemin à 6. heures du matin,paffämes à côté d'un village d'une longueur extraordinaire, dont toutes les mai fons étoient faites de jonc, nous traverfames enfuite des montagnes pierreufes,nous arrêtâmes au Caravanserai de Paey-ra, entouré de villages, à quatre lieues de l'endroit, ou nous avions paffé la nuit. [We continued our journey at 6 o'clock in the morning, passed by a village of extraordinary length, all the houses of which were made of rushes, we crossed the stony mountains, we stopped at the Caravanserai of Paey-ra, surrounded by villages, four leagues from the place where we had spent the night.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 312 ※ SOURCE for Pain-i Rah « After the karavansaray of Mirsa Seri, instead of making straight for Khafr, some travellers either stopped at the karavansaray of Asmankard,(84) or, after three farsakhs, at the large karavansaray of Pain-i Rah, which was a reasonable building that had been built by Aqā Taqi, and was situated next to the village of Barajan. It was an isolated structure, and there were no houses.(85) fn. 85 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p.111; (karavansaray of Paira) Thevenot, vol. II, p. 127; (Pajera); Tavernier, p. 310 (Paira); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 312 (Paroe); Valentijn, vol. V. p. 262 (Para); KA 1793, fol. 997b (Serae Parhoe was old and bad). Aqå Taqi, who had built this karavansaray, had been shahbandar of Bandar Abbas in 1640-3. He had+in acrimo- nious relationship with the Dutch, and even imprisoned the VOC director in 1642. Speelman, pp. 81-2, 338 (Acha Tachy). The place was called the karavansaray of Agatachi by Winninx, 20 July; Fryer, vol. II, p. 207 (Aga Tocke); Hedges, p. 207 (Agatakee); Chardin, vol. VIII, p. 461 (Aga Taki, a rich merchant). The Carmelites mention a karavansaray called Camerbeik (Qanbar Beg?) 3 farsakhs after Khafr, see Carmelites, loc. cit. » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 76 ※ SOURCE for Painra « Nous ne rejoignimes la grande route qu'après deux heures de marche, non loin d'un amas de décombres, qui semble indiquer l'existence passée d'un village considérable. Plus en avant, sur la-gauche, est un caravansérail appelé Painra, derrière lequel coule la rivière de Kåfre, que les eaux de la pluie avaient beaucoup augmen- tée. On la passe à gué près du village de Perindjoûn. [We did not reach the main road until after two hours' march, not far from a pile of rubble, which seems to indicate the former existence of a considerable village. Further on, on the left, is a caravanserai called Painra, behind which flows the river Kåfre, which the waters of rain had greatly increased. It is forded near the village of Perindjoûn.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 459 ※ SOURCE for Paira « till Noon, that we arrived at a great Kervanʃeray called Paira; which ſlands alone by it ſelſ, and is four Agatʃeh distant from Mouzeferi » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 127 « Und dies 3 Farsach zur Karawanserei Paira (Pâ'inä, d. i. niedrig weg, daher der Name). Dessen Erbauer Aga Tagi (Agha Tagi). Hinter dieser Karawanserei lief ein ziemlicher Strom [And this 3 Farsach to the caravanserai Paira (Pâ'inä, i.e. low way, hence the name). Its builder Aga Tagi (Agha Tagi). There was quite a stream running behind this caravanserai] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 111 ※ SOURCE for Pajera « Den 9. dito trokken wy over een mocjelyken weg over klippig gebergte, vol Key-fteenen, en quamen tot Pajera. Alhier is een redelyke Karrawanſera, dog namen onze ruft in tenten. Het is hier zeer eenzaam zonder eenige huizing, daar loopt een ſnelle rievier voorby de Manfel, vallende met een groot gedruis op eenige klippen. Aan de kant vond men een ſtroo hutje. [On the 9th we traveled along a rough road over rocky mountains, full of Keystones, and arrived at Pajera. Here is a reasonable Karrawanſera, which took our place in tents. It is very lonely here without any housing, there is a fast river running past the Manfel, falling with a great noise onto some cliffs. On the side they found a straw hut.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 263 ※ SOURCE for Para « Den 2. dito verreisde zyn Ed: tuſſchen 1 en 2 uuren, en quam met den morgen ontrent 8 uuren in de Karrawaaniara Para. [On the 2nd of the same day his Ed left between 1 and 2 o'clock, and arrived at the Karrawaaniara Para at about 8 o'clock in the morning.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 274 Den 21. dito quam zyn Ed: na 4 mylen langs een ongelyken weg gereden te hebben, in de Karrawaanſera Para. [The 21. ditto quam zyn Ed: after having driven 4 miles along an uneven road, in the Karrawaanſera Para.] « The morning of the 20th at the first hour after sunrise we stopped in the caravanserai Barayian near a stream. (26) Since a town was nearby, we sent one of the servants to buy fruit. At the second hour we started out again, and the trip became more and more pleasant, because the countryside was beautiful, and the air was ever more temperate. fn. 26. Bembo identifies it as "Para." Barayian is a present day village on the site. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 297 ※ SOURCE for Piraw « About 12 at night sett out for Gossaw, 7½ farsangs, bad stoney way, but no mountain to pass. Past by Piraw, 5 farsangs to this place; here is a good Caravensaroy. Arrived here the 23rd about 11 forenoon. note: Diary of 22 February 1707/8. Piraw. Pain-Rah, about 164, miles WNW. from Asmangird. Fryor calls the place "Firaw, the Foot of the Way," but Thevenot (Pt. II, 127) has Paira, and Le Bruyn Paeyra and Payra (II, 64, 137). Fryer oorrectly interprets the name: Pers. pd'ín, 'bottom,' and râh, "road.' » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 41 and 47 Pakuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 8824 coordinate: lat 27.7858 long 52.4054 NIMA/GNS names: Pakuh , Pakuh , پاكوه , پكوه , VARIANT names: Pakuh , Palace of Abou Nasr : arch. site IRN UTM: none NIMA/GNS dataset coordinate: lat 29.585105 long 52.625325 NIMA/GNS names: GhasreAbooNasr , Palace of Abou Nasr , Qasr Abunasr , Qasr-e Abu Nasr , Qoseyr Abu Nasr , قصر ابونصر , قصیر ابو نصر , VARIANT names: Kasr-i-Abu Nasr , Palace of Abou Nasr , ※ SOURCE for Kasr-i-Abu Nasr « The site for last year's work, Kasr-i-Abu Nasr, is a prominent crescent-shaped hill about four miles to the southeast of Shiraz. Dominating the west horn of the crescent stands a black limestone door carved with figures in the Persepolis style of Dariusand Xerxes I (fig. 3). On the east horn arethe remains of a small fortress, possibly of Sasanian origin, while between the two canbe seen vague traces of dwelling houses (fig.2). The standing Achaemenian doorwayand its two now fallen companions have long interested travelers (1), and many of thenineteenth-century accounts of journeysthrough Persia describe and discuss the remains, some of them giving drawings and views. Morier and Flandin and Coste came o the conclusion early in the century, and Stolze about 1880, that these stones were not in their original position but had been brought here from elsewhere, perhaps even from Persepolis thirty-five miles away. fn. 1 Among others, Thévenot (1665), Niebuhr (1765), Ouseley (1811), Mme Dieulafoy (1881), and Curzon (1890). » #3171 Walter Hauser, The Persian Expedition, The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, 1933 Vol. 28:No. 11, Part 2::pp. 39-44 ~ p. 39 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 34.55 long 38.283 VARIANT names: Palmyra , ※ SOURCE for Palmyra owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Palmyra, 38.283, 34.55, SY, nkn, exact, 169, tmcIRa0100_012a » Pangaru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077763 coordinate: lat 27.242 long 53.3938 NIMA/GNS names: Pangaru , Pangroo , پنگرو , VARIANT names: Pangaru , Panjva'i : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LCTY UFI: 9088665 coordinate: lat 31.5227778 long 65.4580556 NIMA/GNS names: Panjva'i , Panjwa'i , VARIANT names: Panjva'i , ※ SOURCE for Panjva'i « At this southern extremity of the southern chain lies the important village of Panjwai on an alternate road to the south from Kandahar to Girishk. There is a ford here connecting the village of Sperwan with Siachob on the right bank. The bed of the river at this point, and for several miles below, varies in breadth from 400 to 700 yards with low banks, » #3495 Adamec, Ludwig W, Historical and political gazetteer of Afghanistan, Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 1972 ~ vol. 5 p. 44 Paragowyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CMP UFI: -3055545 coordinate: lat 27.9143 long 52.3778 Supplement: contains a tower of about 6m dia. amongst many ruined buildings NIMA/GNS names: Bargaveh , Bargoveh , Paragowyeh , Pargoveh , Parkowyeh , بارگاوه , بارگوه , پاراگویه , پارگوه , پارکویه , VARIANT names: Paragowyeh , Para-i-Shiqaft : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3196227 coordinate: lat 30.183333 long 51.766667 NIMA/GNS names: Para-i-Shiqaft , Pareh Shegeft , Tokak-e Pa'in , VARIANT names: Para-i-Shiqaft , Parak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056851 coordinate: lat 28.6472 long 53.1502 NIMA/GNS names: Barak , Berak , Borak , Borak , Parak , براک , VARIANT names: Parak , Par-e Ali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: 13930099 coordinate: lat 28.459181 long 53.142119 NIMA/GNS names: Kuh-e `Ali , Par-e `Ali , پر علی , کوه علی , VARIANT names: Par-e Ali , Perr Aly , ※ SOURCE for Par-e Ali « The 13 mile brought us to a river, flowing north and south for a short space, about 100 yards in breadth, and in parts nearly up to the horses' girths. After fording the river, we presently came again to its right bank by a a bend it had taken, and proceeded near and parallel to it, but with a high ridge of rocks between it and us for about two miles, when we passed the remains of a fort in those rocks called Perr Aly, and the village Liferjan. Thence we skirted the hills on our right for three-fourths of a mile, which brought us to the village Pedam. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 665 ※ SOURCE for Perr Aly « when we passed the remains of a fort in those rocks called Perr Aly, and the village Liferjan. Thence we skirted the hills on our right for three-fourths of a mile, which brought us to the village Pedam. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 665 Par-i Khan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.520795 long 54.978653 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Par-i Khan , ※ SOURCE for Par-i Khan « Three furlongs in advance we cross the dry and shallow bed of a water course, named "Par-i Khan," breadth about 40 yards, flow from E. to W. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 28 Pariab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062793 coordinate: lat 28.098699 long 57.231814 NIMA/GNS names: Fariab , Fariyab , Faryab , Pariab , Paryab , Pay Ab , Shahmoradi-ye Faryab , فاریاب , VARIANT names: Pariab , ※ SOURCE for Pariab ref 1103 p114 map Pariahzahed Aly : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.208443 long 55.636636 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pariahzahed Aly , ※ SOURCE for Pariahzahed Aly « Coureʃton and a little after we paffed over an Aqueduct which is level with the Ground, and called Pariahzahed Aly; this Aqueduct brings water from a Spring at the Foot of the Hills that are to the Left Hand towards the North; in digging, it was diſcovered, and the water of it is very good. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 134 Pariz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3077899 coordinate: lat 29.87214 long 55.749641 NIMA/GNS names: Bariz , Pariz , Riz , پاریز , VARIANT names: Pariz , ※ SOURCE for Pariz « 7th April, Pariz, 3 farsalchs ; 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. ... Pariz itself lies in a dell enclosed by four low hills. We came on it all of a sudden, and looked down with surprise on its compact array of flat grey roofs. A stream runs down the main street. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 185 « After a few hours' rest at Gaud Ahmar, we marched south along the skirt of the lofty Mamsár range, which was covered with snow, two passes, or rather high spurs, one of which rose to 8600 feet, had to be crossed, and late at night we reached Páriz,¹ where a small house was obtained for our party. Páriz lies at an elevation of 7550 feet, and is surrounded by a mass of gardens. With a population of perhaps 3000 inhabitants, and being the capital of a small district, it would be prosperous were it not one of the first points struck by Fárs raiders. Apparently this game has been carried on from time immemorial, the local authorities not uniting to crush it, and in 1900 chapau is still as profitable an occupation as ever, though to put an end to it would require a very small amount of combination. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ pp. 74-5 Pariz, Haus des Gouverneurs : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.8569444444444 long 55.691667 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pariz, Haus des Gouverneurs , ※ SOURCE for Pariz, Haus des Gouverneurs « Ortsbestimmungen zwischen Kermån und Enar.. Breite Länge Pariz, Haus des Gouverneurs 29 51 25 55 41 30 (letzteres nach der englischen Admiralitätskarte). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~p. 366 Pas Kalat Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.645792 long 53.30371 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pas Kalat Castle , ※ SOURCE for Pas Kalat Castle Persian text omitted « Pas Kalat Castle The Pas Kalat Castle and Dam is located in the north of Khalili, on top of a high peak overlooking the city of Makharz. As can be seen from its facilities and equipment, it was a very important and governmental castle. The area of ??this castle is about five thousand square meters, which is very worth seeing. » wikipedia Khalili (Grash) online reference link [accessed 19 Nov 2024] Pasargadai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: -3077983 coordinate: lat 30.2034 long 53.1809 NIMA/GNS names: Mantaqeh-ye Bastani-ye Pasargad , Parsa Garda , Parsehgarda , Pasargad , Pasargada , Pasargadae , Pasargade , Passargad , Pazargad , Shahr-e Pazargad , پاسارگاد , منطقه باستانی پاسارگاد , VARIANT names: Badrakatash , Batrakatash , Pasargadae , Pasargadai , Tall-i Nokhodi , ※ SOURCE for Badrakatash See his CHI fasc. (1971) 17 – 20. For the numbers employed at the different centres see Dandamayev’s statistics (above n.27). Since then Hallock has enlarged on the topographical implications of the tablets and seals (Bibliotheca Mesopotamica VI (1977) 127 – 33, Cahiers DAFI VIII (1978) 109 – 16), altering the areas he had defined and making some locations seem more hazardous; granted that Bairsha (Parsa) is Persepolis, it would now appear that at least two of the following equations must be erroneous: Matezza = Humadeshu, Rak-kan = Arrajan, Badrakatash = Pasargadai, Nupishtash = Naksh-i Rustam, Narezzash = Neyriz, Tamukkan = Taoke. #250 note 30 p. 244 ※ SOURCE for Batrakatash #846 vol. 2 p. 1339 see notes ref846.pdf ※ SOURCE for Pasargadai « map of "Iran before the Medes and the Persians"; Medes entered history in the 9c BC » #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975 p. 79 before the Medes and Persians #411 p. 78 ※ SOURCE for Tall-i Nokhodi « map of "Iran before the Medes and the Persians"; Medes entered history in the 9c BC » #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975 p. 79 pasgah karza : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.363703 long 53.357005 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: small fort two round toers diagonally opposite about 16x10m Karza Outpost پاسکاه کرزا VARIANT names: pasgah karza , Pasgah-e Baha'ed Din : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PP UFI: -3054731 coordinate: lat 27.60432 long 54.80724 Supplement: feature: PP = police post NIMA/GNS names: Pasgah-e Baha' od Din , Pasgah-e Baha'ed Din , Pasgah-e Entezami-ye Baha' od Din , پاسگاه انتظامی بهاءالدین , پاسگاه بهاالدین , VARIANT names: Babadini , Badami Badini Bahadini , Badani , Badeni , Badeni (Duzdga) , Baderie , Badini , Baha- Eddin (Badni) , Bahadany , Bahadeni , Bahadini , Bohodonie , Carvanfera Badeng , half demolished caravanserai (LeBrun) , Pasgah-e Baha'ed Din , ※ SOURCE for Babadini « We parted from that wretched Lodging Friday the third of April, about four a Clock in the Evening, and Travelled through a large very even Plain, where we faw in many places the Ground whitened over with Salt, which is made by the Rain: about half an hour after five we paffed by a covered Kervanʃeray called Babadini » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 133 ※ SOURCE for Badami Badini Bahadini « Persian text omitted. [Badami Badini Bahadini 13 They go to Badami from every banana, the distance is four farsakh and the road is smooth It is now called Hermod. All three forms of the word are mentioned, but in the text, apparently, only Badami is used in the Qajar period and the recent years of Bahadini and Badini.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 581 ※ SOURCE for Badani « Badani, Sarai (4 cisterns) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} ※ SOURCE for Badeni «118 (km) Badeni (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 « Den 5. dito na 5 mylen, in de Karrawaanſera Badeni. [The 5th ditto after 5 miles, in the Karrawaanſera Badeni] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 « Badeni » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} ※ SOURCE for Badeni (Duzdga) « Three furlongs in advance the low earth hills, called "Fildani." spring up from the valley about 2 miles to north, the big range to south being distant one mile. The ground is of a stony whitish limy clay mixed with gravel. At 9 miles 5 furlong we are passing a very large and well built cistern full of good water. A large flock of goats belonging to Iliats, is observed here. Immediately after we come to a small caravanserai possessing two small cisterns. This place is properly named Badeni, and vulgarly Duzdga. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 25 ※ SOURCE for Baderie « Den 13. dito vertrok zyn Ed:, als vorens, en quam met zons opgang in de Karrawanfera Baderie, alwaar, kort na onze ruit, de broeder van den Hertog van Lhaar met eenige Soldaaten ver fcheen, om zyn Ed: uyt zyn Broeders naam (gelyk hy zelf des namiddags dede) te verwelkomen. [On the 13th his Ed: departed as before, and arrived at sunrise at the Karrawanfera Baderie, where, shortly after our window, the brother of the Duke of Lhaar appeared with some soldiers, to welcome his Ed: in his brother's name (as he himself did that afternoon).] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273 ※ SOURCE for Badini « The road now traverses the flat passable plain, covered with crub and occasional short grass, and about 2 miles broad N. and S. at this point. At 12½ miles the large caravansarai of Badini is reached. From here a road, fit for wheeled traffic, pranches S.-W. to Kermanshah (22 miles). The plain at this point is 3 miles broad; the Küh-i-Fildani to the N., consists of a narrow very steep ridge 300 feet above the plain level, pierced in two places by streams running N. It divides the grassy plain of Badini from the barren and oroken expanse of clay hillocks which stretches from the Küh-i-Fildani to the Shür River. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 169 ※ SOURCE for Baha- Eddin (Badni) « Baha- Eddin (Badni) » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 14 Karawanenwege zwischen Djahrom und Lar und Khondj und Lar sowie südlich und östlich von Lar} ※ SOURCE for Bahadany « Engelsen wijnmaeker, genaamt Vincent, met 91 camelen alle met Chirasen wijn geladen naar Gamron reysende, passeerden ter regter sijde de carewansera Bahadany (1)fn. 1 De Simla kaart geeft Badeni. Niet vermeld door anderen. [English winemaker, named Vincent, with 91 camels all loaded with Chirasen wine to Gamron reysende, passed the carewansera Bahadany (1) on the right side fn. 1 The Simla map shows Badeni. Not mentioned by others.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 44 ※ SOURCE for Bahadeni « . Von da zur Karawanserei Bahadeni. Selbige war wie ein russischer Tempel, war auch nur mit 4 Eiwanen, hatte zwar ein eigenes klares Wasser, aber voller Würmer. [. From there to the Bahadeni caravanserai. It was like a Russian temple, it only had 4 eggs, it had its own clear water, but it was full of worms.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 121 ※ SOURCE for Bahadini « Den 23. dito trokken wy voorby twee eenzame Manſels, ieder 2 Karrawanſera's en water-tangen hebbende, d'eene Bahadini, en d'andere Sjek Sjek genaamd; [On the 23rd day we passed by two lonely Manſels, each having 2 Karrawanſeras and water-tongs, one called Bahadini, and the other Shek Shek;] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 266 «118 (km) | S. Bahadani (Thévenot), Badeni (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Bohodonie « 13 The 13th daye we came [to] Dascherd [?),(2) another litle towne lying a 1ge. out of the waye,wher we were refresht, and at night we had a guideand came to a caravansero weh is calld Bohodonie [Badini]. Here we picht, haueing traveled 5 lges. of stonie waye. Here is tanck water but fullof wormes as moste tankes be. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 83 ※ SOURCE for Carvanfera Badeng « 10 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 360 ※ SOURCE for half demolished caravanserai (LeBrun) « Nous pourfuivimes enfuite notre chemin et parvinmes à onze heures à un petit Caravanserai à demi demoli, où il y avoit une vieille femme avec des provifions. On trouve en ce quartier-là quantité de citernes couvertes, dont l'eau eft admirable; et beaucoup de gens occupez a en creufer d'autres, et des puits, fans quoi on n'y pourroit fubfifter, [We continued on our way and reached at eleven o'clock a small, half-demolished Caravanserai, where there was an old woman with provisions. We find in this district a number of covered cisterns, the water of which is admirable; and many people are busy digging others, and wells, without which we could not find them,] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 318 Pashneh Daran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078021 coordinate: lat 34.179979 long 56.977325 NIMA/GNS names: Pashneh Dar , Pashneh Daran , Pashneh Daran , Pashneh Daru , Pashteh Daran , پاشنه دران , VARIANT names: Pashneh Daran , NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.254 long 64.618 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Pasiræ , ※ SOURCE for Pasiræ named by Nearchus. « There is a safe harbour for anchoring there, and a village called Pasira 60 stades from the sea. » #972 Indica 26.2 Pas-i-Rudak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3196247 coordinate: lat 28.166667 long 52.266667 NIMA/GNS names: Pas-e-Rudak , Pas-i-Rudak , Pasrudak , پسرودك , VARIANT names: Pas-i-Rudak , Pas-Roudak , ※ SOURCE for Pas-i-Rudak « ROUTE NO 33-contd. PAS RUDAK (DUZDGA). 20 m. General direction E. by S. The track, which from Ab-i-Nilü to Bunbid ... » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 171 « At this point the Mūnd river is close by and water can be obtained. At 18 miles pass the tower of Saiyid Ali Akbar on a ridge, at the edge of alluvial river terraces watered by canals from Münd; 18 huts in vicinity. At 19 miles the Münd is forded and at 20 miles reach village and fort of Pas Rūdak. Several date groves 200 huts, stage 3 of Route 34. Water. From river. Supplies. Fairly plentiful » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 171 ※ SOURCE for Pas-Roudak « et nous arrivons au hameau qu'on me dit s'appeler Gaouri et qui doit être situé près de l'emplacement de l'introuvable Pas-Roudak, dont même ici personne n'a entendu parler (76, P. 253). Gaouri ne se compose que de quatre ou cinq huttes misérables, en feuilles de dattiers. [and we arrive at the hamlet which I am told is called Gaouri and which must be located near the location of the untraceable Pas-Roudak, of whom even here no one has heard ( 76, P. 253). Gaouri consists of only four or five miserable huts, made of date palm leaves.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 13 Pasitigris : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 31.889676 long 48.881393 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pasitigris , ※ SOURCE for Pasitigris « Pasitigris » in #2982 Michael J. Kirkby, Appendix I. Land and water resources of the Deh Luran and Khuzistan plains, in: Frank Hole with M. J. Kirkby and Colin Renfrew, Studies in the Archeological History of the Deh Luran Plain: The Excavation of Chagha Sefid, Museum of Anthropology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1977, ~ p. 277 Pasni : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2771245 coordinate: lat 25.2638889 long 63.4744444 NIMA/GNS names: Pansi , Pasni , VARIANT names: Mosarna , Pasni , ※ SOURCE for Mosarna located at Pasni 25.273° N 63.455° E in #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ PaßK. westlich von Evaz : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 27.798309 long 53.82451 † basis (unknown, approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: PaßK. westlich von Evaz , ※ SOURCE for PaßK. westlich von Evaz « Paßkaravanserail westlich von Evaz (Abb. 5; 236) Lage: 23 km westlich von Evaz, östlich vor dem Paß (+1040 m ü. N. N.), 15 km östlich Mahlakeh, in +970 m ü. N. N., an der Straße von Qir nach Lar.Typ: Einräumiges Kleinkaravanserail mit zwei Eingän- gen und Mauerschlitzen zum Anbinden der Reittiere. Der Bau ist als Zwischenstation zwischen großen Anlagen zu werten.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 7,90 x 3,70 m, Gebäude- höhe 3,20 m.[Pass caravanserail west of Evaz (Fig. 5; 236)Location: 23 km west of Evaz, east of the pass (+1040 m above sea level), 15 km east of Mahlakeh, at +970 m above sea level. N. N., on the road from Qir to Lar.Type: One-room small caravan serail with two entrances and wall slots for tying up the mounts. The building can be seen as a stopover between large facilities.Dimensions: external dimensions 7.90 x 3.70 m, building height 3.20 m. ] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 130 [note. location not identified - 23km west Evaz and 15km east Mahlakeh puts location in pass - 3.3 km SW, bearing 227° of this location - and no sign of any cistern. this location is just east of pass. PBR] Patak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078052 coordinate: lat 32.537882 long 47.408934 NIMA/GNS names: Patak , Patak-e Dinarvand , Patk , پتک , پتک دیناروند , VARIANT names: Patak , ※ SOURCE for Patak « In the distance I could distinguish a lofty artificial mound. This was Patak, to which I was invited by the Lur whom I had met in my journey through the Beni Lam country. There is a local tradition that it marks the site of a great and ancient city. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 2 p. 311 Pataq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078063 coordinate: lat 34.4156 long 46.0029 NIMA/GNS names: Pa yi Taq , Pataq , Pa-ye Taq , پاطاق , VARIANT names: Pataq , Pataveh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078068 coordinate: lat 30.95482581 long 51.2686707 NIMA/GNS names: Pataveh , Pataveh , Pataveh Fatemizadeh , Pataweh , پاتاوه , پاتاوه فاطمی زاده , پاطاوه , VARIANT names: Pataveh , Paveh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078102 coordinate: lat 35.0434 long 46.3565 NIMA/GNS names: Paveh , Pawah , Paweh , پاوه , VARIANT names: Paveh , Pavillon-K. östlich von Lar : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 27.68583 long 54.427624 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Kleiss locates Karavanserail Tang-e Nao 31 km east of Lar and 15 km west of Cahar Berkeh; Pavillon-Karavanserail östlich von Lar 19 km east of Lar and 12 km west of Tang-e Nao. Actual figures for Karavanserail Tang-e Nao are 20. 6 km and 13.7 km. For the location of Pavillon-Karavanserail östlich von Lar which I cannot locate visually has therefore been placed at 9 km and 12 km. Stodart travels 2 leagues to Cherchoke ≃ 6 miles or 9.6 kms. VARIANT names: Pavillon-K. östlich von Lar , ※ SOURCE for Pavillon-K. östlich von Lar « Pavillon-Karavanserail östlich von Lar (Abb. 5; 253) 178Lage: 12 km westlich von Tang-e Nao und 19 km östlich von Lar, in + 740 m ü. N. N., an der safavidischen Straße von Shiraz über Djahrom und Lar nach Bandar-e Abbas. Typ: Einfaches Pavillon-Karavanserail mit kreuzförmigem, überkuppeltem Zentralraum und vier Eckräumen.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 10,40 × 10,40 m, Höhe des Zentralraumes 3,50 m, Eingänge iwanartig betont.Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Gut erhalten.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Wahrscheinlich safavidisch, 17. Jahrhundert.Neben dem Pavillon-Karavanserail liegen zwei runde Kuppel-Zisternen von 7,70 m und 6 m Durchmesser und ei- ner Höhe von 5,10 m bzw. 4 m (Abb. 254). [Pavilion caravanserail east of Lar (Fig. 5; 253) 178Location: 12 km west of Tang-e Nao and 19 km east of Lar, at +740 m above sea level. N. N., on the Safavid road from Shiraz via Djahrom and Lar to Bandar-e Abbas. Type: Simple pavilion caravanserail with a cross-shaped, domed central room and four corner rooms.Dimensions: external dimensions 10.40 × 10.40 m, height of the central room 3.50 m, entrances accented like an iwan.Building material: quarry stone.Structural features and condition: Well preserved.Inscriptions: none known.Dating: Probably Safavid, 17th century.Next to the pavilion caravanserail there are two round dome cisterns with a diameter of 7.70 m and 6 m and a height of 5.10 m and 4 m respectively (Fig. 254).] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 136 Pa-ye Godar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3078185 coordinate: lat 35.498115 long 59.278383 NIMA/GNS names: Bay Godar , Godar-e Peydar , Pa Godar , Pa yi Gudar , Pa-ye Godar , پا گدار , VARIANT names: Gudar-i-Baidar , Pa-ye Godar , ※ SOURCE for Gudar-i-Baidar « Gudar-i-Baidar » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. I-40F Turbat-I-Haidari} Pay-i-Tag Pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3078064 coordinate: lat 34.432808 long 46.016324 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Pataq , Paitak Pass , Par-ye Taq , Pay-i-Tag Pass , Pa-Yi-Taq Pass , Tak-i-Gireh , Tang-e Pataq , گردنه پاطاق , VARIANT names: Akabahi-Holwan , Gardanai-Taki-Girrah , Namri , Paitaq pass , Pay-i-Tag Pass , Pia Taq , Tag-ayagui , Taq-i-Girreh P. , Zagros Gates , ※ SOURCE for Akabahi-Holwan « The natives call the edifice the Taki-Girrah-the arch holding the road. The pass itself is now known as the Gardanai-Taki-Girrah, or as that of Kirrind, from the village at its eastern foot, but by the Arab geographers it is named Akabahi-Holwan, or the defile of Holwan. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 220 ※ SOURCE for Gardanai-Taki-Girrah « The natives call the edifice the Taki-Girrah-the arch holding the road. The pass itself is now known as the Gardanai-Taki-Girrah, or as that of Kirrind, from the village at its eastern foot, but by the Arab geographers it is named Akabahi-Holwan, or the defile of Holwan. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 220 ※ SOURCE for Namri « The area was certainly strategic for it was close to the so-called Zagros Gates (see below), the major pass leading from the lowlands up onto the Iranian plateau. (23) fn. 23 Parpóla and Porter, The Helsinki Atlas, map 11, located Namri in precisely the area of the Zagros Gates. » #3503 D. T. Potts, Elamite Karintas and Avestan Kvirinta: Notes on the Early History of Kerend, Iranian Studies, vol. 50:no. 3:pp. 345-367 ~ p. 347 ※ SOURCE for Paitaq pass « Ich selbst schließe mich insoweit Minorsky an, als dieser Mädharüstän hinter dem Paß von Päi?aq sucht. [I personally agree with Minorsky insofar as he is looking for Mädharüstän behind the Päi?aq pass.] » #3435 Klaus Schippmann, Hinweise und Anmerkungen zu einigen sasanidischen Monumenten, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 vol. 7:pp. 157-162 ~ p. 162 ※ SOURCE for Pia Taq « as far as Pai Taq, (3,350,) at 10 mile where there is a caravansarai and room for camping: water within half a mile, and forage and fuel abundant. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 150 ※ SOURCE for Tag-ayagui « Le lendemain après trois heures de marche nous nous arrêtames à Tag-ayagui, c'est-à-dire, au pied d'une fort haute montagne qui ſépare la Perſe de la Turquie, et que les Grecs appelloient Zagros (2)fn. 2 Il y a toute apparence que les Grecs ont pris cette dénomination du mot arabe Tsagron, qui fignifie unezgorge ou ouverture qui va toujours en ſe rétrécillant entre des montagnes, fur les confins d'un pays ennemi. [The next day, after three hours of walking, we stopped at Tag-ayagui, that is, at the foot of a very high mountain that separates Persia from Turkey, and which the Greeks called Zagros (2) fn. 2 It is quite likely that the Greeks took this name from the Arabic word Tsagron, which signifies a gorge or opening that continually narrows between mountains, on the borders of an enemy country.] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 175 ※ SOURCE for Taq-i-Girreh P. « Taq-i-Girreh P. » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No.2 Baghdad 1917} ※ SOURCE for Zagros Gates « In Rawlinson’s day the Zagros Gates were known as ‘the pass ofṬá?i-Girráh [?āq-e Girrā] …the great thoroughfare of communication in all ages between Media and Babylonia’, while to the Arab geographers it was ‘’A?abah-i-Ḥolwán (the defile of Ḥolwán), and among the Kurds, Gardanahi-Ṭá?i-Girráh (the pass ofṬá?i-Girráh) » #3505 D. T. Potts, On Cultural Boundaries and Languages in Western Iran: The Case of the Zagros Gates, in: ed. Ali Hozhabri, Archaeology of Iran in the Historical Period, University of Tehran and Springer, , 2020, pp. 55-63 ~ p. Pedam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 10391267 coordinate: lat 28.4494 long 53.1086 NIMA/GNS names: Fedam , Pedam , پدم , فدم , VARIANT names: Pedam , ※ SOURCE for Pedam « The 13 mile brought us to a river, flowing north and south for a short space, about 100 yards in breadth, and in parts nearly up to the horses' girths. After fording the river, we presently came again to its right bank by a a bend it had taken, and proceeded near and parallel to it, but with a high ridge of rocks between it and us for about two miles, when we passed the remains of a fort in those rocks called Perr Aly, and the village Liferjan. Thence we skirted the hills on our right for three-fourths of a mile, which brought us to the village Pedam. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 665 pel abresan hal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.239448 long 53.673594 Supplement: aqueduct پل آبرسان اهل VARIANT names: pel abresan hal , pel sasani gavmishaneh : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.083896 long 47.537692 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: pel sasani gavmishaneh , pel tarikhi pataveh : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 30.963423 long 51.259056 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: pel tarikhi pataveh Patavah Historical Bridge پل تاریخی پاتاوه VARIANT names: pel tarikhi pataveh , Perko Road caravanserai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.972697 long 54.577874 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: ?جاده پرکو?? building not identified VARIANT names: Perko Road caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Perko Road caravanserai « At 2½ miles pass a small caravanserai and bourkah. A few trees about, fit for camel grazing and firewood only. The track now becomes broad, hard and stony. At 3 miles an ascent commences by a rocky pathway up a ravine. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 5 Persepolis : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: -3090313 coordinate: lat 29.9368 long 52.89 NIMA/GNS names: Persepolis , Takht-e Jamshid , Takht-i-Jamshid , تخت جمشید , VARIANT names: Cehil minar , Chelmenar , Chilmanor , Cilmynar , Parsa , Persai , Persepolis , Sat Setun , Takht-e Jamshid , ※ SOURCE for Cehil minar « Or giunti noi, come io diceva, circa due ore dopo mezzogiorno alle maravigliose rovine di Cehil minar, sotto ad esse appunto, presso un rivo di acqua che non lontano ne corre, ci posammo e tendemmo il padiglione, a fine di trattenerci a vederle tutte bene e con co-modità, come si fece, parte la stessa sera al tardi, e parte la mat-tina seguente, e non partirne infino a tanto che avessimo ciò che vi era d'ogn'intorno molto ben ricercato ed osservato. [Now, having arrived, as I said, about two hours after midday at the marvellous ruins of Cehil Minar, just beneath them, near a stream of water that runs not far from it, we set down and pitched the pavilion, in order to stay and see them all well and comfortably, as we did, partly late that same evening, and partly the following morning, and not to leave until we had thoroughly researched and observed what was around them.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 247 ※ SOURCE for Chelmenar « The 23th daye I went to Chelmenar, that famous place of ancient memori, wher those heroicke princes of the eastern part of the world liued, as Cirus [Cyrus], Cambices [Cambyses], who was the founder of this famous building [and] diuers others, this Cambises, whom as the Percians do name him James Sheate [Jamshid]. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 76 ※ SOURCE for Chilmanor « what are they but Mammons eyes; this Chaos of gold, but refined clay. What Magick then to make Idolaters. For my part (by Gods help) I in-tend rather to admire the Anatomy of this glorious ruine, which Don Garzia de silva Figuros (Ambaffador Anno 1619 to Abbas from Philip the third) calls the only Monument of the world, without Impoſture; yea farre exceeding (fayes he) all other miracles in the The ribs or ruines of Persepolis are at this day call'd Chil-Manor or Che-hel-Manor (i.e. forty Towers) in the idiom of Perfia: and might more properly have faid Hashtot-Maner, or eighty Towers, for fo many are eafily told two yards out of the ground; and if from fo many pillars as are perfect and lofty, then may they lay Nowzda Manor or nineteene Towers, at this day no more ſtanding, one excepted at the Eaft below, above a bow fhot thence. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 144 ※ SOURCE for Cilmynar « Alla villa de Camara el se vede uno monte tondo el qual da uno lado mostra esser tagliato et fatto in una facia, alta circa 6. passa; in la summità dil monte è uno piano et atorno colonne .40. le quale se chiamano Cilmynar, 326) che vol dir in nostra lengua .40. colonne, ciascuna de le qual è longa braza .20., grossa quanto abracia 3. homeni; de le qual perho parte ne son ruinate; per quello si vedeva è stato zà un bello edificio. fn. 326. Cilmynar = Chihil Minar, che, come il Barbaro spiega correttamente, significa "Quaranta Colonne". Era il nome con cui in epoca passata si designavano le rovine di Persepoli, la cui origine era stata dimenticata da lungo tempo. Lo stesso Barbaro, come risulta chiaramente, non aveva nessuna idea di ciò che quei luoghi fossero in realtà, così che, al pari di molti altri viaggiatori, attribuisce loro un'origine ebraica, come è manifesto dai suoi riferimenti a Salomone e Sansone. Il merito di avere riscoperto le vera origine di Persepoli va attribuito ai Frati Carmelitani di Shiraz, che ivi si stabilirono nel 1616. Cfr. i Voyages célèbres et remarquables faits de Perse aux Indies Orientales par le Sr. JEAN-ALBERT DE MANDELSLO, Leyden, 1719, p. 5. (Lo.) [At the village of Camara one sees a round mountain which on one side appears to have been cut and made in one face, about 6 meters high; at the top of the mountain is a plain and around it are .40 columns which are called Cilmynar, 326) which in our language means .40 columns, each of which is .20 meters long, as thick as 3 human arms; of which however some are in ruins; from this it was seen that it was once a beautiful building. fn. 326. Cilmynar = Chihil Minar, which, as Barbaro correctly explains, means "Forty Columns". This was the name by which in times past the ruins of Persepolis were designated, the origin of which had long been forgotten. Barbaro himself, as is evident, had no idea what those places really were, so that, like many other travellers, he attributes to them a Jewish origin, as is manifest from his references to Solomon and Samson. The credit for having rediscovered the true origin of Persepolis must be ascribed to the Carmelite Friars of Shiraz, who settled there in 1616. Cfr. Voyages célèbres et remarquables faits de Perse aux Indies Orientales par le Sr. JEAN-ALBERT DE MANDELSLO, Leyden, 1719, p. 5. (Lo.)] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 149 ※ SOURCE for Parsa « C4 [grid] | Persepolis / Parsa / Persai / Sat Setum [name] | CHRL / CH / CH / RL [period] | Schmidt 1957; Shahbazi 1977; RGTC Parsa [reference] » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, ~ directory, Map 94 Persis p. 1339 ※ SOURCE for Persai « C4 [grid] | Persepolis / Parsa / Persai / Sat Setum [name] | CHRL / CH / CH / RL [period] | Schmidt 1957; Shahbazi 1977; RGTC Parsa [reference] » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, ~ directory, Map 94 Persis p. 1339 ※ SOURCE for Persepolis « C4 [grid] | Persepolis / Parsa / Persai / Sat Setum [name] | CHRL / CH / CH / RL [period] | Schmidt 1957; Shahbazi 1977; RGTC Parsa [reference] » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, ~ directory, Map 94 Persis p. 1339 ※ SOURCE for Sat Setun « C4 [grid] | Persepolis / Parsa / Persai / Sat Setum [name] | CHRL / CH / CH / RL [period] | Schmidt 1957; Shahbazi 1977; RGTC Parsa [reference] » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, ~ directory, Map 94 Persis p. 1339 NIMA/GNS feature: GULF UFI: -1506414 coordinate: lat 27 long 51 NIMA/GNS names: Al Khalij al Farisi , Al-Khalij al- Arabi , Arab Gulf , Arabian Gulf , Basra Korfezi , Darya yi Bandar Abu Shehr , Gulf of Iran , Khalij al `Ajam , Khalij Faris , Khalij-e Fars , Khalij-i Fars , Persian Gulf , Persian-Arabian Gulf , Persidski Zaliv , The Gulf , VARIANT names: Arabian Gulf , Bahr Fars , Golpho de Persia , Gulf of Basra , Gulph of Balsera , Gulph of Bassora , Persian Gulf , Sea of Qatif , Sinus Persicus , ※ SOURCE for Arabian Gulf « The United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency GEOnet Names Server (GNS) is the "official repository of standard spellings of all foreign place names" sanctioned by the Board of Geographical Names (BGN).[39] The GNS lists "Persian Gulf" as the Conventional name, along with 16 Variant names in different languages, such as "Gulf of Iran", "Gulf of Ajam", "Gulf of Basra", "Arabian Gulf", "Persian-Arabian Gulf", "Gulf of Fars", and "Farsi Gulf".[40] » {Wikipedia, "Persian Gulf naming dispute", wikipedia, online reference link, accessed 18 Feb 2023} ※ SOURCE for Bahr Fars « The earliest Islamic text on Indian Ocean seafaring used the Arabic term “Bahr Fars” (Sea of Fars) for the Gulf and the term later came into general use.(7) fn. 7 Potter, “Introduction”, 15–16; Bosworth, “Nomenclature of the Persian Gulf”, xxii, xxviii. » #2583 Charles L.O. Buderi, Luciana T. Ricart, The Iran-UAE Gulf Islands Dispute A Journey Through International Law, History and Politics, Brill, Leiden, 2018 ~ p. xxvii ※ SOURCE for Golpho de Persia Giacomo Gastaldi's map circa 1548 is denoted by cartographic historian Gerald Tibbetts as the first "modern" map of the area, denoting Golpho de Persia. Giacomo Gastaldi's map circa 1548 is denoted by cartographic historian Gerald Tibbetts as the first "modern" map of the area, denoting Golpho de Persia ※ SOURCE for Gulf of Basra « The United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency GEOnet Names Server (GNS) is the "official repository of standard spellings of all foreign place names" sanctioned by the Board of Geographical Names (BGN).[39] The GNS lists "Persian Gulf" as the Conventional name, along with 16 Variant names in different languages, such as "Gulf of Iran", "Gulf of Ajam", "Gulf of Basra", "Arabian Gulf", "Persian-Arabian Gulf", "Gulf of Fars", and "Farsi Gulf".[40] » {Wikipedia, "Persian Gulf naming dispute", wikipedia, at online reference link, (accessed: 18 Feb 2023)} « 1600 map calling it "Gulf of Basra" or "Sea of Qatif" » ※ SOURCE for Gulph of Balsera « However, after the expulsion of the Portuguese, the Ottoman Turks started to call the Gulf, from 1546 onwards and up to 1712, the “Gulf of Basrah”, the “Gulf of Qatif” or the “Gulf of Arabia”, and European cartographers started using different combinations of names which referred to the Persian or Ottoman designation of the Gulf.(10) fn. 10 These various combinations, as reflected by Al-Qasimi in his thesis were: “(i) Mare Elcatif i Sinus Persicus, (ii) Mare Elcatif / Sinus Arabicus, (iii) Mare Elcatif, (iv) Sinus Arabicus, (v) The Sea Elcatif / Arabian Gulfe, (vi) Golfe De Balsera / Mer D’Elcatif, (vii) Golfe de Balsera D’Elcatif / Golfe De Persia, (viii) Gulph of Balsera / Sea of Elcatif or the Gulf of Persia, (ix) Golfo Di Bassora [or] D’Elcatif [or] Sinus Persicus, (x) Sino Persico [or] Golfo di Bassora [or] d’Elcatif, (xi) Golfo di Bassora, (xii) Persian Gulf.” Sultan Bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi, “Power Struggles and Trade in the Gulf 1620–1820” (PhD diss., Durham University, 1999), 18–19. » #2583 Charles L.O. Buderi, Luciana T. Ricart, The Iran-UAE Gulf Islands Dispute A Journey Through International Law, History and Politics, Brill, Leiden, 2018 ~ p. XXVII ※ SOURCE for Gulph of Bassora « the cartographer Herman Moll used Gulph of Bassora, 1717 » « The choice of the name "Gulph of Bassora" for the Persian Gulf is noteworthy on this map. More traditional maps of the area, particularly maps created by Islamic cartographers, typically named the Gulf after Persia and had done so for a significant amount of time. This naming is due to the commercial importance of the city of Basra, located in Iraq at the head of the Persian Gulf, in establishing trade routes between Europe and the East. English merchants had sought to secure a direct trade route from India up the Persian Gulf and through the Levant. The British East India Company had established a residence at the port around the time this map was created. The use of "Golph of Ormus" on this map shows a similar naming process as the “Gulph of Bassora,” wherein the Gulf of Oman was identified with its largest port familiar to Westerners, Hormuz. In Discours sur I 'histoire universelle (1681) by French historian Bishop Bossuet, one of the maps shows the Persian Gulf as "Golfe de Balsera" and the Gulf of Oman as "Golfe d'Ormuz”, which supports the idea that these terms were at least somewhat commonly used among Europeans. » {map#1225 Finely Detailed Map of Arabia Including the Emirates, Bahrain, and Oman, , 1729, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Stock 94312} online reference link [accessed 18 Feb 2023] ※ SOURCE for Persian Gulf « The United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency GEOnet Names Server (GNS) is the "official repository of standard spellings of all foreign place names" sanctioned by the Board of Geographical Names (BGN).[39] The GNS lists "Persian Gulf" as the Conventional name, along with 16 Variant names in different languages, such as "Gulf of Iran", "Gulf of Ajam", "Gulf of Basra", "Arabian Gulf", "Persian-Arabian Gulf", "Gulf of Fars", and "Farsi Gulf".[40] » {Wikipedia, "Persian Gulf naming dispute", wikipedia, online reference link, accessed 18 Feb 2023} ※ SOURCE for Sea of Qatif « 1600 map calling it "Gulf of Basra" or "Sea of Qatif" » ※ SOURCE for Sinus Persicus « Map VI from Ptolemy's "Cosmographia" showing Sinus Persicus (Persian Gulf) and Sinus Arabicus (Red Sea), reconstruction from 1467 » NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 30.333 long 35.433 VARIANT names: Petra , ※ SOURCE for Petra owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Petra, 35.433, 30.333, JO, nkn, exact, 123, tmcIRa0100_004a » petroglyph of Ardeshir's victory over Ordavan : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.909861 long 52.540917 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Firuzabad, Relief 1 , Firuzabad: The Victory Relief of Ardashir , petroglyph of Ardeshir's victory over Ordavan , ※ SOURCE for Firuzabad, Relief 1 Firuzabad, Relief 1 online reference link [accessed 24 Nov 2024] ※ SOURCE for Firuzabad: The Victory Relief of Ardashir « 1568-003 Firuzabad: The Victory Relief of ArdashirIran (Islamic Republic of) N28 54 35.54 E52 32 27.300.5 ha » Sassanid Archaeological Landscape of Fars Region UNESCO online reference link [accessed 28 Nov 2024] petroglyph of Qir and Karzin : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.363596 long 52.908958 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: petroglyph of Qir and Karzin , ※ SOURCE for petroglyph of Qir and Karzin سنگ?نگاره قیر و کارزین، نقش رستم یا قدمگاه کتیبه?ای است که بر روی قطعه سنگی بزرگ کنده شده و در شهرستان قیر و کارزین در استان فارس ایران قرار دارد. این اثر در تاریخ ۱۰ آذر ماه ۱۳۵۴ هجری خورشیدی با شماره ?۳? در فهرست آثار ملی ایران به ثبت رسیده?اس The petroglyph of Qir and Karzin is a Naqsh Rostam or Qadhemgah inscription carved on a large piece of stone and located in Qir and Karzin city in Fars province of Iran. This work was registered in the list of national works of Iran on 10 December 1354 AH with number 939. online reference link [accessed 07 Feb 2024] petroglyph of the Bahram II : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 29.816716 long 52.380474 VARIANT names: Guyum , petroglyph of the Bahram II , ※ SOURCE for Guyum « The village of Guyum, 32 km from Shiraz, is known for a rock relief by the Sasanian Bahram II. It is attached to a vertical rock face at a height of 4 m and is of considerable size, approx. 4 m high, 2 m wide. It shows the king in a worshipping pose, similar to the smaller relief from Barme Delak (see below). The town of Guyum is surrounded by a wall, into which a monumental gate, probably from the Safavid period, leads. The passage is flanked by two octagonal bastion towers. Inside there are podiums for loading animals (Table 86, 2). Gates of this type are common in the Shiraz oasis (see below). » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 183 « To date, a total of 39 Sasanian rock - reliefs have been discovered, most of which are located in Fars apart from one at Salmas, ... one at Guyum, also near Shiraz (Vanden Berghe 1983 : 77, 137) » #2357 Editor(s):D. T. Potts, A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2012, ~ p. 1090 « Guyum site Guyum town is located in the northwestern part of Shiraz city, and its distance from the center of Shiraz city is about 20 km [Fig. 1, no. 41]. For the first time, Guyum was mentioned in the studies on the Achaemenid period when George Cameron thought that the possible place of Kamaini of the Achaemenid period is modern’s Guyum in the northwest of the Shiraz Plain. (8) In the archeological survey on the Shiraz plain, a broken column base was identified, designed and documented in the old site of the Guyum town gate.(9)fn. 8 Cameron 1948: 15, Tab.1, 179, Plate XXXV, No.64; In the third month of the 20th year of the reign of Xerxes, 101 workers were paid for working in the treasury of Persepolis. These workers were from Kamaini. George Cameron (1948: 179) has guessed the place of Kamaini or (ka-ma-a-nu-is) in the northwest of Shiraz city in Guyum. fn. 9 In 2013/1392 HA, a brief report from a column base was published in Persian (Yaghmaei and Zeybari, 2013: 82-84). The discovered column base is not located in the context or the archeological site and it is preserved in the residential house of mr. Ramazani. During his visit in 1970, Mr. Yaghmaei mentioned that there were three column bases. » #3413 Alireza Askari Chaverdi, Achaemenid settlements in the Shiraz, Sepidan and Kavar Plains, Iran, Historia i Swiat, 2024 ~ p. 74 Pey Posht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078202 coordinate: lat 26.88 long 55.9269 NIMA/GNS names: Payi Pusht , Pey Posht , Peyposht , Pey-ye Posht , پيپشت , پيی پشت , پی پشت , VARIANT names: Pey Posht , Peypusht , ※ SOURCE for Peypusht « Peypusht » in {map#1320 'tracing showing the route and coast line from Mogoo bay to the town of Bunder Abbas. (vide report no. 6 of 1864)' [?236a] (1/2) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, ST 393, vol 17, p 236a, in Qatar Digital Library, , 1864, } Pikuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3078223 coordinate: lat 27.325342 long 55.3633 NIMA/GNS names: Bikuh , Pey Kuh , Pikuh , بيكوه , پيكوه , پی کوه , VARIANT names: Pikuh , Pir Mishan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078342 coordinate: lat 34.391424 long 48.666561 NIMA/GNS names: Pir Meshan , Pir Mishan , Pirmashan , پير مشان , پیر میشان , VARIANT names: Pir Mishan , Piranshahi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3780568 coordinate: lat 32.010026 long 49.813791 NIMA/GNS names: Piranshahi , Pirun Shah , پیرانشاهی , پیرون شاه , VARIANT names: Piranshahi , Pir-Barreh cave : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.326056 long 52.70725 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pir-Barreh cave , ※ SOURCE for Pir-Barreh cave « Pir-Barreh cave is situated southeast of Pir-Barreh valley, about 100 meters away from the Pir-Barreh rock shelter. It is 1906m above sea level at map coordinates 291933.8 N and 524226.1 E. The entrance of the cave is about 20m above the valley and has an almost vertical oval shape. It is 32.7m long and about 12m high at its entrance. The deepest place of the cave is about 28.8m away from its entrance. » #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ p. 15 Pirdad Tahir Gargij Castle (Pirdad Kalat) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.847912 long 57.10391 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pirdad Tahir Gargij Castle (Pirdad Kalat) , ※ SOURCE for Pirdad Tahir Gargij Castle (Pirdad Kalat) « قلعه پیرداد طاهر گرگیج(کلات پیرداد) » Pir-e Hajj Abd or Rabab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10424374 coordinate: lat 27.51972 long 54.97581 NIMA/GNS names: Pir-e Hajj `Abd or Rabab , پیر حاج عبد الرباب , VARIANT names: Pir-e Hajj Abd or Rabab , Pir-e Hamun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10401489 coordinate: lat 28.8192 long 54.3103 NIMA/GNS names: Pir-e Hamun , پیر هامون , VARIANT names: Pir-e Hamun , Pishidan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10950615 coordinate: lat 27.355712 long 55.050675 NIMA/GNS names: Pishidan , پیشیدان , VARIANT names: Pishidan , Pishte Sangar industrial town : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.7415852537563 long 54.3180209259049 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pishte Sangar industrial town , ※ SOURCE for Pishte Sangar industrial town link120 [accessed 26 Mar 2024] Pishvar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3196306 coordinate: lat 27.883333 long 53.066667 NIMA/GNS names: Pishavar , Pishvar , پيشور , VARIANT names: Pishvar , Pll Khanuj : arch. site IRN UTM: 5745, 2758 converted to coordinate: lat 27.9666666666667 long 57.75 VARIANT names: Pll Khanuj , ※ SOURCE for Pll Khanuj « Other variants: Khanu Details: Khanuj is described by Prickett (1986a: 1274). An equivalent version of the place name, Khanu, is listed and the location of this is given (USBGN: 283). No. of sherds: 18 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Podol : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078432 coordinate: lat 27.00925 long 54.964571 NIMA/GNS names: Podol , پدل , VARIANT names: Podol , Pol Dokhtar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078454 coordinate: lat 33.152492 long 47.710136 NIMA/GNS names: Pol Dokhtar , Poldokhtar , Pol-e Dokhtar , Pul-i-Dukhtar , پل دختر , پلدختر , VARIANT names: Pol Dokhtar , Pul-i-Dukhtar , ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Dukhtar « Pul-i-Dukhtar » in {map#1134 in #902 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Journey in Western Iran, The Geographical Journal, London, 1938 (Oct.) 92:4:313-42 ~} Pol Murd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10787290 coordinate: lat 30.18761 long 51.732858 NIMA/GNS names: Pol Murd , پل مورد , VARIANT names: Pol Murd , Pol-e Abgineh ruined caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.558212 long 51.76385 NIMA/GNS names: Deh-i-Pul-i-Abgineh , Dehpol Abgineh , Pol-e Abgineh , Pol-e Agineh , پل آبگینه , VARIANT names: Pol-e Abgineh ruined caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Pol-e Abgineh ruined caravanserai « Pol-e Abgineh » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars} « Pol-e Abgineh 1988 - Ruined caravanserai Pol-e Abgineh, Kazerun arachne.dainst.org/entity/6820717 Arachne ID:6820717 Category: Bilder Old serial number:8857267 Informationen zum Bild Lokalisierung Pol-e Abgineh, Kazerun, Iran (Islamische Republik), DAI Kernfelder Titel: Pol-e Abgineh 1988 - Ruined caravanserai Bildnummer: D-DAI-EUR-TEH-DIA-AWK-20544 Aufnahmedatum: 1988 Bildautor/in: Wolfram Kleiss Verantwortlichkeit für das Bild: Deutsches Archäologisches Institut Copyright DAI Veränderbarkeit: DAI Berlin, Eurasienabteilung, Teheran Archiv Ortsbezeichnung 2/Unterort: DAI Eurasienabteilung, Archiv der Aussenstelle Teheran Kategorie: - 35mm - not applicable Beschreibung: _ Inventar- oder Fundnummer: Pol-e Abgineh Karavans. 1988 (Pol-e Abgineh Caravans. 1988) » online reference link [accessed 07 Nov 2023] Pol-e Bahadoran : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: BDG UFI: 10401615 coordinate: lat 28.6794 long 54.3589 NIMA/GNS names: Pol-e Bahadoran , پل بهادران , VARIANT names: Pol-e Bahadoran , Pul-i-Kosu , ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Kosu « We next crossed a river called the Rud-i-Ax-i-Bustam, which rises in a pool under a rock sculpture of Rustam, a few miles to the east of Darab. A masonry bridge called the Pul-i-Ilosu was our means of pasbage. Here I said I would halt. » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 26 Pol-e Dali Chay : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: BDG UFI: 11806677 coordinate: lat 35.917267 long 51.993001 NIMA/GNS names: Pol-e Dali Chay , پل دلی چای , VARIANT names: Pol-e Dali Chay , Pol-e Djudjehak : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none coordinate: lat 30.021014 long 51.984106 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location not identified, position based on iDAI.gazetteer VARIANT names: Pol-e Djudjehak , ※ SOURCE for Pol-e Djudjehak Pol-e Djudjehak, Fars Province 1988 - Architectural remains of the caravanserai online reference link [accessed 11 Apr 2025] Pol-e Fahlian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3756021 coordinate: lat 30.177324 long 51.520056 NIMA/GNS names: Gar-e Dodangeh , Pol Fahlian , Pol-e Fahlian , پل فهلیان , VARIANT names: Pol-e Fahlian , Pol-e Kashkan : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.588257 long 47.882007 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kashgan bridge , Pol-e Kashkan , Pul-i-Kashgan , ※ SOURCE for Kashgan bridge « This bridge is of some antiquity, probably of Sassanian or early Arab construction. Former travellers report a stone with a Kufic inscription, but I did not see this. The piers are faced with dressed stone, rounded, not pointed, on the upstream side. The upper structure artificial conglomerate known to Persians as sang-bandi. The in the east side of the bed, and the first five arches, counting end, have disappeared though the piers stand high out of the appear solid. A low arch of modern brick joins piers three Arches six to thirteen, all pointed j still stand, though ruinous and I was able to walk along to the end. Each arch is smaller last, and the last two turn sharply south-west into the bank. of the roadway is broken up, and scrub oak grows out » #3519 C. J. Edmonds, Luristan: Pish-i-Kuh and Bala Gariveh (Continued), The Geographical Journal, London, 1922 vol. 59:no. 6:437-451 ~ p. 449-450 « he Pul-i-Kashgan is described as follows by (De Morgan):-A superb ruined Arab bridge, which the Persians have several times clumsily tried to repair without the least success. Formerly this bridge bore a Kufic inscription, giving the date of construction: the stone which bore the inscription has now fallen and is much worn. Down stream are the remains of two other smaller and older bridges, one of which recalls the Zish bridge, and is probalby Sassanian: it is most carefully built, the base being of cut stone with boulders at the top up and down stream the arches are protected by buttresses. The main bridge is several hundred yards long, 60 high, and consists of 14 large arches, and a number of smaller ones. The Pul-i-Kalhur, in the Käshgan gorge, is a smaller bridge, where the river narrows between walls of rock. » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 A-K p. 534 ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Kashgan « The ruins of the bridge, known as Pul-i-Kāshgan, proved far more important than I had expected, and their survey kept me busy both that evening and the following forenoon. (1)Here, as elsewhere, those old builders of bridges had chosen a spot where the river is closely approached by a high rocky terrace on one bank. This facilitated access to the top of the high arches which the mode of construc-tion necessitated for spanning the actual river-bed. Thus, on the left bank the pier carrying the terminal arch was built straight against a wall-like cliff some 70 feet high. On the opposite (right) bank, the only one accessible to me, no less than nine massive piers carrying arches were needed to allow traffic to reach the full height of the bridge.fn. 1 For a brief notice of the Pul-i-Käshgan, see J. de Morgan, Mission scien-tifique en Perse, Etudes géographiques, vol. ii. p. 206, Fig. 97 sq., Pl. CIII. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ pp. 266-7 Pol-e Khan : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: BDG UFI: -3078460 coordinate: lat 29.8515 long 52.77 NIMA/GNS names: Pol-e Khan , Pol-e Khan , Pul-i-khan , پل خان , VARIANT names: Bindamyr bridge , bridge , Pol-e Khan , Pul-i-Khan , ※ SOURCE for Bindamyr bridge « Poi una zornata lontano et se trova uno ponte grande di sopra el Bindamyr, 325) et qual è fiume molto grande. Questo ponte se dice che fece far Salomon. fn. 325. Bindamyr = Band-i-Amir, «La diga di Amir», cosi chiamata perchè era stata costruita dal noto principe Buwayhde Amir Adud al-Dawla verso l'anno 970 d. C. IBN AL-BALKHI nel suo Far-Nama, London, 1921, p. 151, afferma che non si poteva trovarne altra che le stesse a pari nel mondo. Cfr. anche HAMDULLAH MUSTAURI, Nuzhat al-Qulub, cit., p. 211. Il fiume Kur, attraverso cui fu cosche A tavolta chiamato Band-i-Amir; cit. (de) J. THÉVENOT, The Travels into the Levant, London, 1687, parte II, p. 123. (Lo.) [Then a little further on there is a large bridge over the Bindamyr, 325) which is a very large river. This bridge is said to have been built by Solomon. fn. 325. Bindamyr = Band-i-Amir, «The Dam of Amir», so called because it was built by the well-known prince Buwayhde Amir Adud al-Dawla around the year 970 AD. IBN AL-BALKHI in his Far-Nama, London, 1921, p. 151, states that no other like it could be found in the world. Cf. also HAMDULLAH MUSTAURI, Nuzhat al-Qulub, cit., p. 211. The river Kur, across which was sometimes called Band-i-Amir; cit. (by) J. THÉVENOT, The Travels into the Levant, London, 1687, part II, p. 123. (The.)] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 149 ※ SOURCE for bridge « At 20 miles the Bandamir river is erossed by a masonry bridge with 3 high arches. The river runs strongly at the bridge, though it is elsewhere slow and deep, about 45 feet broad, with mud banks 10 feet above the level of the water. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 191 ※ SOURCE for Pol-e Khan « seven miles beyond zarqan we reached the narrow, old bridge of Pol-e Khan, where the road crossed the Pulvar River, guarded by a whitewashed and crenellated gendarmerie post. The new girder bridge was not yet in use, so all traffic was still negotiating the sharp bends on to and off the old one, past an overturned car on the sharpest » #3119 Duncan Forbes, The Heart of Iran, R. Hale, 1963 ~ p. 146 ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Khan « Pul-i-Khan » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Shiraz H-39Q 1948} Pol-e Latidan : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: BDG UFI: 11773307 coordinate: lat 27.190116 long 55.76193 NIMA/GNS names: Pol-e Latidan , پل لاتیدان , VARIANT names: 'a bridge' , Coureston bridge , Kul Bridge , Kur bridge , Pol-e Latidan , Pouli Sengh , Stone Bridge , ※ SOURCE for 'a bridge' « March 5th. About 3 afternoon sett out for Getchee, 6 farsangs. Half way is a bridge and some water that you must pass over. About 7 at night arrived at our Marell. note: Diary of 5 March 1707/8. Bridge. This seems to be the bridge described by Fryer (II, 186 and n. 1) and Le Bruyn, who saw it in 1705 (II, 71): "We passed over a large plain full of wild trees, and crossed the river of Koreston [Shor], which was then very low; but it frequently overflows in the winter. There is a bridge a quarter of a league in length; but entirely useless, by reason of its being ruinous in the middle. I found this to be seven paces wide; it had likewise several arches, and a parapet on each side." » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 44 and 49 ※ SOURCE for Coureston bridge « A la moitié de la traite,on passe un pont fort grand, nommé le pont deCoureston, où l'on arrive par une digue qui,d'espace en espace, est entrecoupée par des arches, pour donner cours à l'eau ; [Halfway through the passage, we cross a very large bridge, called the Coureston bridge, where we arrive by a dike which, from space to space, is intersected by arches, to give flow to the water;] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 498 ※ SOURCE for Kul Bridge « Lage: 17 km westlich Karavanserail Mogh Ahmad, 25 km östlich der Rud-e Kul-Brücke, in + 30 m ü. N. N., an der Route von Bandar-e Abbas nach Lar. [Location: 17 km west of Karavanserail Mogh Ahmad, 25 km east of the Rud-e Kul bridge, at + 30 m above sea level. N.N., on the route from Bandar-e Abbas to Lar. ] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 119 ※ SOURCE for Kur bridge « Dieser Fluß Kur (Rudkhånäye Kur) (159) fn. 159 Vgl. darüber GABRIEL, S. 326. ... Hier war noch auf beiden Uferseiten der Rest einer vortrefflichen Brücke, welche durch die Gewalt des Stromes abgerissen war. Doch standen noch diesseits des Flusses über den sumpfigen... von 40 noch 34 große Bogen, zwischen welchen... ein kleiner, über dem Wasser erhabener zum Schmuck (?). Jenseits über das schlüpfrige Land lief der andre Teil der Brücke, in vielen kleinen Bogen bestehend, noch 1/4 Meile weg, so daß von einem Ende zum andern diese Brücke eine große halbe Meile lang gewesen. [This river Kur (Rudkhånäye Kur) (159) fn. 159 See GABRIEL, p. 326. ... Here on both sides of the river was the remains of an excellent bridge, which had been torn down by the force of the river. But there were still 34 large arches on this side of the river over the marshy... out of 40, between which... a small one raised above the water for decoration (?). Beyond over the slippery land the other part of the bridge, consisting of many small arches, ran another quarter of a mile away, so that from one end to the other this bridge was a large half mile long.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 124 ※ SOURCE for Pol-e Latidan « This bridge is located on the Kul River on the Lar road and 80 km west of Bandar Abbas , hence it is also known as the Kul Bridge. » online reference link [accessed 14 Feb 2024] « Sur les trois heures du matin je passai deux ponts de pierre joints ensemble par une longue chaussée. [About three o'clock in the morning I crossed two stone bridges joined together by a long causeway.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930~ p. 323 ※ SOURCE for Pouli Sengh « Betwixt three and four of the Clock we went over a very high and fair Bridge, above three Fathom broad, and betwixt ſeven and eight hundred common Paces long, it is well Paved, and has a fide-Wall on each fide about a Foot and a half high: under this Bridge runs a River above nine or ten Fathom broad, which is heard at a great diſtance, by reafon of the noise it makes in its courſe; there is no drinking of the water of it, for it is Salt, and it difcharges it felf into the Sea about fix hundred Paces from thence. The name of that River is Robbouna, that is to ſay the running River, and that is the name they give to all great Rivers; it comes from Kermont, the name of the Bridge is Pouli Sengh, that is to fay Stone- Bridge, or otherwife Pauli Coreʃton before this River comes to the Bridge, it runs by the Foot of the Hills on the Left Hand Northwards, and there it begins to beSalt: » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 134 ※ SOURCE for Stone Bridge « Athwart this Fen, which was upward of Three Miles, was Built not long since, as by the Modern Architecture may be guessed, a stately Stone Bridge with Arches, on which high Banisters with Niches, and a brave paved Cawsey Elegantly Built, which kept pace with us, but by the Negligence of these People, as well as Injury of Floods and Sands, it was broke down in several places, especially where the Torrent made the deepest Channel, so that though firm and strong in the greatest part of it, yet by its being ruined in the most needful, it is become impassable; and though a Work of extraordinary Benefit and Charge, yet already rendred of little Use (1). fn. 1“On the north bank of the river [Shor], about half a mile from the road, will be seen two bridges, each of about forty arches, of stone, and still almost intact. The river has long ago changed its bed, and left the bridges standing useless on the bank” (Wilson, op. cit. 154). Tavernier (254 f.) gives a long description of this bridge, “built by a Persian., whose name was Aly : who wanting employment at home, apply’d himself to the King of Golconda^ who lik’d him so well, that he made him General of his Army. Being thus advanc’d, he also turn’d Merchant, and trading first with one vessel, then with two, got a great estate.” » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 186 « Den 27. dito 's morgens met zonneſchyn weer voort-gang makende, moeſten door veel kley, inoeras en eenige ricvieren, trokken voorby een Karrawanſera, Koereſſon genaamd, en quamen by een ſteene brug, die wel so bogen heeft, leggende over een ſnel-loopende rievier, [On the 27th morning, moving again with sunshine, we had to pass through a lot of clay, inoeras and some rivers, passed a Karrawanſera, called Koereſſon, and came to a stone bridge, which has so many arches, laying over a rapid -running river,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 266 Pol-e Madianrud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3793441 coordinate: lat 33.432249 long 47.633189 NIMA/GNS names: Mian Rud , Mian Rud-e Zaruni , Mianrud , Mianrud Zaruni , Pol-e Madianrud , ميان رود ضرونی , میانرود , میانرود ضرونی , VARIANT names: Pol-e Madianrud , Pol-e Murt Bridge : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 30.188362 long 51.732938 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pol-e Murt Bridge , ※ SOURCE for Pol-e Murt Bridge « Karavanserail Pol-e Murt (Abb. s; 78)60Lage: 41 km nordwestlich von Karavanserail und Brücke Pol-e Djudjehak sowie 20 km östlich von Fahlian (Fahliyan) (12 km nördlich von Nurabad), in + 1130 m ü. N. N., am Karawanen-Kurzweg von Shiraz nach Behba-han und Ahvaz.Das Karavanserail, in Bruchstein errichtet, ist zerstört. An seinem Platz steht ein Gehöft.60 Pol-e Murt (Brücke) wurde am 20.9. 1988 vermessen. 1990, 282 f. AMI 23, [Construction material: Rubble stone in a strong mortar bond.Structural features and condition: Partially heavily tocompletely destroyed.Inscriptions: None known.Dating: Pre- to early Islamic structure.Pol-e Murt Caravanserai (Fig. s; 78)60Location: 41 km northwest of the Pol-e Judjehak Caravanserai and Bridge and 20 km east of Fahlian (Fahliyan) (12 km north of Nurabad), at +1130 m above sea level, on the short caravan route from Shiraz to Behbahan and Ahvaz.The caravanserai, built of rubble stone, is destroyed. A farmstead stands in its place.60 Pol-e Murt (Bridge) was surveyed on September 20, 1988. 1990, 282 f. AMI 23,] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 48 Pol-e Now : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: BDG UFI: -3078465 coordinate: lat 30.0483 long 52.6973 NIMA/GNS names: Pol Now , Pol Now Kuchak , Pol Now-e Kuchek , Pol-e Now , Pol-e Now Kuchek , پل نو , VARIANT names: Pol-e Now , Pul-i Naw (Pouli-now) , Puli-neu , ※ SOURCE for Pul-i Naw (Pouli-now) « In addition, there was a five-arched bridge called the Pul-i Naw (Pouli-now) or New Bridge, though it was somewhat ruinous in 1665. The bridge had been built by an Indian mer-chant, and at this point the river was locally called Ab-i Pul-i Naw (Abpulneu), the New Bridge River.ref 1169 p74 » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 74 ※ SOURCE for Puli-neu « Si trovava qui un ponte di buona fabbrica di mattoni, che se ben è vecchio e coi parapetti tutti rovinati, lo chiamano non-dimeno puli neu, cioè ponte nuovo, nome che dovette restargli infin da quando fu fatto. [Here there was a bridge made of good bricks, which although it is old and with its parapets all ruined, they nevertheless call it puli neu, that is, new bridge, a name which must have remained ever since it was built.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 244 « Ce pont est de pierres de taille, haut et élevé, fait en dos d'àne, comme la plupart des ponts de Perse, qui sont sur les grands chemins, de ma-nière que, pour les passer, il faut toujours monter et descendre. La grande arche du pont est creuse; il y a une chambre pour prendre le frais, et pour regarder le fleuve, ce qui se voit à presque tous les grands ponts de la Perse. Celui-ci s'appelle Puli-neu, c'est-à-dire, le Pont-Neuf (1). Un marchand des Indes, qui avoit gagné beaucoup de bien dans ses voyages, le fit bâtir.fn.1 Lisez Pouli neou. Dès 1618 et 1619, l'ambassadeur espagnol D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa avoit trouvé ce Pont-Neuf tellement ruiné qu'on avoit jeté sur l'arche du milieu, qui étoit entièrentent rompue des arbres recouverts de planches et de terre. Ces arbres, quoique tres-gros, trembloient sous les pieds des voyageurs, à cause de leur grande portée. P. della Valle et Thévenot ne paroissent pas l'avoir tronvé en meilleur état. Le premier dit qu'il est en briques et bordé d'un parapet. C. le Bruyn s'accorde avec Chardin, et dit qu'il est ca pierres. (L-s.) [This bridge is made of cut stone, high and lofty, made in the shape of a humpback, like most of the bridges in Persia, which are on the main roads, so that, to cross them, one must always go up and down. The great arch of the bridge is hollow; there is a room for taking in the air, and for looking at the river, which is seen on almost all the great bridges in Persia. This one is called Puli-neu, that is to say, the New Bridge (1). A merchant from the Indies, who had earned a lot of money in his travels, had it built. fn.1 Read Puli neou. As early as 1618 and 1619, the Spanish ambassador D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa had found this New Bridge so ruined that trees covered with planks and earth had been thrown onto the middle arch, which was completely broken. These trees, although very large, trembled under the feet of travelers, because of their great reach. P. della Valle and Thévenot do not appear to have found it in better condition. The first says that it is made of bricks and bordered by a parapet. C. le Bruyn agrees with Chardin, and says that it is made of stones. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 237 Pol-e Shalu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 14707132 coordinate: lat 31.779626 long 50.114111 NIMA/GNS names: Pol-e Shalu , پل شالو , VARIANT names: Pol-e Shalu , Pul-i-Godar , Pul-i-Sharu , ※ SOURCE for Pol-e Shalu « Von Izeh wendet sich der Weg nach Osten über den Ort Abrak zur Karavanserailruine Cahar Darreh in +760 m ü.N.N. und weiter bergab zum Karun-Übergang Pol-e Shalu, mit den Resten einer Bogenbrücke in +720 m ü.N.N. und einer Station (Abb. 10). [From Izeh, the route turns east via the village of Abrak to the caravanserai ruins of Cahar Darreh at +760 m above sea level and further downhill to the Karun crossing Pol-e Shalu, with the remains of an arched bridge at +720 m above sea level and a station (Fig. 10).] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 13 ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Godar « Easy road to Pul-i-Godar (five hours). Chaikhanch on bridge. Good camping-ground. Fairly good road (uphill) to Qalch Madrassch. (Ruined caravanserai, first-rate grassy camping-ground.) Height at Pul-i-Godar, 2320 feet. » #3530 Vita Sackville West, Twelve Days An Account of a Journey Across the Bakhtiari Mountains in South-Western Persia, Doubleday, Doran and Co.,, 1928 ~ p. 140 ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Sharu « Pul-i-Sharu is a caravanserai with a good shop attached, perched on a rock above the Qarun. The bridge is rather a clumsy suspension structure, made of steel, but just below it the river runs into a deep gorge, which is most impressive. The yard of the caravanserai was crowded, so I procured a room inside, instead of having the usual camp fire in the open. » #3553 R. H., The Bakhtiari Road, Journal of the Central Asian Society, 1929 ~ p. 347 Pol-e Sharqi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078469 coordinate: lat 27.009 long 55.7394 NIMA/GNS names: Pahel , Pol-e Sharqi , پُلِ شَرقی , پهل , VARIANT names: Pol-e Sharqi , Pol-e Si-yo Seh Pol : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: BDG UFI: 10800737 coordinate: lat 32.644562 long 51.667566 NIMA/GNS names: Pol-e Si-yo Seh Pol , Si ow Seh Pol , Si-yo Seh Pol , پل سی و سه پل , سی و سه پل , VARIANT names: Pol-e Si-yo Seh Pol , Pol-e Talkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.457653 long 53.519452 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pol-e Talkh , Pool-e-Talkh , ※ SOURCE for Pool-e-Talkh « At the 29thmile its southern extremity bore 270°. At the 33rd we crosseda spur of the mountains on our left, close to which a little bridge,known as the Pool-e-Talkh, marks the boundary between the dis-tricts of Istahvonat and Kúlbar, or Kúrbale, which latter extendsto Bund Amir, 11 fursacks E. and W., and about 4 fursacksN. and S. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 75 Pol-e Vargan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013414 coordinate: lat 32.555301 long 51.509735 NIMA/GNS names: Falavar Jan , Falavarjan , Felavarjan , Mollavarjan , Pol-e Vargan , Pol-e Varqan , Pul-i-Vargan , فلاورجان , ملاورجان , VARIANT names: Pol-e Vargan , Pol-e-Sivand : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 30.112857 long 52.925521 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pol-e-Sivand , ※ SOURCE for Pol-e-Sivand « Abb. 121 Sivand, Lageplan im Verlauf der Karawanenwege , Abb: 122 Sivand, Befestigung nördlich des Ortes, Lageskizze und Keramikand [Fig. 121 Sivand, map along the caravan routes, Fig: 122 Sivand, fortification north of the village, site plan and ceramics] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 71 Pol-i Abbasi : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.684948 long 54.342847 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pol-i Abbasi , ※ SOURCE for Pol-i Abbasi « The Pol-i Abbasi, located on the eastern thoroughfare through Lar and spanning the Rudkhaneh Shur, is no longer visible today, although much of it still exists. The structure, which must have been well preserved and served traffic at the beginning of the 1960s, was completely covered by a modern concrete bridge at that time; only the river pillars of the Safavid construction are still visible today. The drawing presented (Fig. 12) is therefore a reconstruction based on a photograph kept in Lar, which shows the building in its original state (Plate 35, 2) (41). fn. 41 Photo-Rex, located at the intersection of the eastern thoroughfare and the road leading to Meidan.» #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p.347 Poligorg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.872209 long 52.595272 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: NIMA/GNS data states this is a LCTY Localitty.NIMA/GNS data, it is also a bridge VARIANT names: Poelegorck , Poligorg , Polygore , Pul-i Gurg , Puligourc , Pul-i-Gurg , ※ SOURCE for Poelegorck « Poelegorck: lees: Pul-i-Gurg = wolvenbrug, dorp aan de route Gamron-Ispahan. [Poelegorck: read: Pul-i-Gurg = wolf bridge, village on the Gamron-Ispahan route.] » #2780 Rijks geschiedkundige publicatiën Grote serie · Volume 72 Bronnen tot de geschiedenis der Oostindische Compagnie in Perzie, 1611-1638., Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1930, ~ p. 808 ※ SOURCE for Poligorg « Thevenot and LeBrun chose the road which passed via the villages of Fagrabaet and Assaf over the Pul-i Gurg (Poligorg), a causeway, which had many arches and was 2,000 paces long. In the middle there was a bridge one hundred paces long. » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 74 ※ SOURCE for Polygore « And now taking the direct Road for Spahaun, I had joined with me an Armenian Frenchman (a Wealthy Trader), a Dominican and a Carmelite Friar. Early in the Morning of the following Day we had forsaken Siras, we made Polygore (1), Six Pharsangs; it is a famous Caravan. without Entertainment, by reason of bad Water; wherefore at Night we reached Aubgurrum (2), an old Caravan Ser Raw, better provided with Water, though the Name of the Place would intimate nothing less, being called the Hot Water; this is Three Pharsangs beyond Polygore. fn. 1 This place has not been certainly traced. Prof. Browne suggests Pul-i-gor, perhaps meaning "bridge of the wild ass." s." There is a place marked on the Indian Government map called Pul-i-gurg (? "Wolf-bridge") about 17 miles N. of Shiraz as the crow flies.fn.2 Ab-i-garm, the "hot springs," not found in any map. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 346 ※ SOURCE for Pul-i Gurg « Thevenot and LeBrun chose the road which passed via the villages of Fagrabaet and Assaf over the Pul-i Gurg (Poligorg), a causeway, which had many arches and was 2,000 paces long. In the middle there was a bridge one hundred paces long. » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 74 ※ SOURCE for Puligourc « de manière qu'il les faut traverser sur les ponts, mais qui, dans l'hiver et dans le printemps, inondent si fort cette plaine, qu'on ne la pourroit passer sans cette digue. On la nomme Puligourc, c'est-à-dire, le pont des loups, parce qu'il y en a quantité dans le voisinage. Elle aboutit à un caravanserai, qui est des plus magnifiques et des plus grands de la Perse; cinq cents personnes y pourroient loger avec leur équipage. On l'appelle le caravanserai de Puligoure, comme la digue, et aussi le caravanserai de l' Assef (1), de la qualité de celui qui le fit bâtir, qui étoit l'assef, ou le visir, c'est-à-dire, l'intendant de Chiras, cdu temps de Séfi Ier, il y a quelque soixante ans. fn. 1 Voyez sur ce mot ma noie, t. V, p. 275. ( L-s. ) [so that they must be crossed on the bridges, but which, in winter and spring, flood this plain so heavily that it could not be crossed without this dike. It is called Puligourc, that is to say, the bridge of wolves, because there are many of them in the vicinity. It ends at a caravanserai, which is one of the most magnificent and largest in Persia; five hundred people could lodge there with their equipage. It is called the caravanserai of Puligoure, like the dike, and also the caravanserai of Assef (1), from the quality of the one who had it built, who was the assef, or the vizier, that is to say, the intendant of Chiras, in the time of Sefi I, some sixty years ago. fn. 1 See on this word ma noie, t. V, p. 275. ( L-s. )] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 240 ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Gurg « Pul-i-Gurg » in {map#1245 in #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ fig. Route-kaart voor de reis van het gezantschap Cunaeus van Bender Abbas (Gamron) naar Isfahan (1652)} « Poelegorck: lees: Pul-i-Gurg = wolvenbrug, dorp aan de route Gamron-Ispahan. [Poelegorck: read: Pul-i-Gurg = wolf bridge, village on the Gamron-Ispahan route.] » #2780 Rijks geschiedkundige publicatiën Grote serie · Volume 72 Bronnen tot de geschiedenis der Oostindische Compagnie in Perzie, 1611-1638., Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, 1930, ~ p. 808 Polur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078481 coordinate: lat 35.848609 long 52.051976 NIMA/GNS names: Polur , Pulur , پلور , پولور , VARIANT names: Polur , Polvar : stream grp 25 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3085948 coordinate: lat 29.8522 long 52.7695 NIMA/GNS names: Polvar , Pulvar , Pulvar River , Rudkhaneh-ye Morghab , Rudkhaneh-ye Morghab , Rudkhaneh-ye Morghab , Rudkhaneh-ye Pulvar , Rudkhaneh-ye Seyvand , Rudkhaneh-ye Seyvand , Rudkhaneh-ye Seyvand , Rudkhaneh-ye Sivand , رودخانه سیوند , VARIANT names: Polvar , Poozeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078649 coordinate: lat 27.626652 long 52.45688 NIMA/GNS names: Poozeh , Puzeh , پزه , پوزه , VARIANT names: Poozeh , Puzeh , ※ SOURCE for Puzeh « The route, never previously surveyed, led from the hamlet of Puzeh steeply up the rugged coastal range rising wall-like to heights close on 5000 feet. Very soon after the ascent began we came again and again upon remains of a well-made road built with large cut stones. Over the worst bits of bare rock slope it had been carried in carefully graded serpentines; but over most of the ground it had completely disappeared. In several places we found cisterns and wellbuilt vaulted quarters for wayfarers. Whereas » #831 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological Reconnaissances in Southern Persia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1934 (Feb), 83:2:119-34 ~ p. 133 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.0258333 long 56.9044444 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Portus Macedonum , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Portus Macedonum AT Harmozia lat 27.008279 long 56.881125 [Tarn], ※ SOURCE for Portus Macedonum « capita toto corpore hirti coriisque piscium vestiti. ab horum tractu Indiam versus Cascandrus deserta insula in oceano I p. traditur, iuxtaque eam freto interfluente Stoidis quaestuosa margaritis. a pro- munturio Carmanis iunguntur Harmozaei; quidam interponunt Arbios, CCCCXXI p. toto litore. ibi Portus Macedonum et Arae Alexandri in promunturio, amnes Siccanas, dein Dratinus et Salsum. ab eo promunturium Themisteas; insula Aphrodisias habitatur. inde Persidis initium ad flumen Oratin contra Persidem insulae » #2669 H. Rackham, Pliny Natural History, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1942 ~ vol. 2 p. 422 « Ptolemy VI, 18 adds little; native names apart, he gives three towns in Carmania-Alexandria, Carmania Metropolis (certainly Kerman), and Harmouza (? Harmozia); this last is doubtless Pliny's Portus Macedonum among the Harmozaei, and, as will presently appear, it was probably Omana. Ptolemy's Harmouza is the Harmoza Regia of the Ravennate geographer; this ought to mean that it was once somebody's capital. Of course neither Harmozia nor Portus Macedonum (p. 13) was its official name. We have then in Pliny bits of some Hellenistic account of a settlement about the Amanis (Minab) river country reaching roughly from Alexandria- Gulashkird to the sea, with a harbour town on the Gulf of Ormuz which did a large trade. There seems to be no other place along the Carmanian coast where a settlement on any scale could be made; and this district, not Kerman, was the essential 'Carmania'. 'Alexander's' altars on C. Jask are like 'Alexander's' attempt to establish agriculture in Gedrosia (p. 260): » #229 Tarn, W. W., The Greeks in Bactria and India, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1951 ~ p. 482 « Here are the Port of the Macedonians (Portus Macedonum) and the Altars of Alexander situated on a promontory” (trans. Rackham). W. W. Tarn suggested that Portus Macedonum could be identified with Harmouza, which is mentioned by Ptolemy (6.8.5; 8.22.21).1 The latter he identified with Armoza Regia, which is recorded by the Ravenna Geographer (52.10, ed. Pinder and Parthey = 18.10, ed. Schnetz). » #2858 Getzel M. Cohen, The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2013 ~ chap.V, sect. Portus Macedonum « 3. Location. Tarn (GBI2 481–82 and map 1 at end) identified Portus Macedonum with Omana, which he located on the Strait of Hormuz, and ALTARS OF ALEXAND ER with Cape Jask, just beyond the Strait (map I at end of GBI2). Note, however, that Omana was most probably located beyond the Strait, somewhere on the Iranian coast; see J.-F. Salles, PSAS 10 (1980) 103–4 (Sadij); Boucharlat and Salles, PSAS 11 (1981) 67–68 (Tiz); Casson, Periplus 180–81 (Chah Bahar, Tiz, or Gwadar West Bay). Boucharlat and Salles (PSAS 11 [1981] 67–68) suggested—as a hypothetical possibility—that Portus Macedonum and ALTARS OF ALEXAND ER were places “inhabited by the Harmozei, neighbours of the Carmani, and they are situated on a cape from which we can easily reach another cape and the desert island of Aphrodisias, generally recognised as Kish Island. One must admit the existence of a coastal site on the Iranian side of the Hurmuz strait, which was known by Pliny but ignored by the Periplus and by Ptolemy and which must be different from Ommana and from Armouzon; the foundation of this site should be linked with the expeditions of Alexander.” Eggermont’s (Sind and Baluchistan 136; and ARBIS in India, n. 3) suggested identification Portus Macedonum = Alexander’s Harbor = Barbarikon = Barke is not convincing. It would appear that we should not search for Portus Macedonum in the area of the Indus delta. For suggestions regarding the possible location—in the Indus delta—of Alexander’s Harbor see ARBIS, n. 3. » #2858 Getzel M. Cohen, The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2013 ~ chap.V, sect. Portus Macedonum p. 191 Posht Bar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078539 coordinate: lat 29.3168 long 52.8509 NIMA/GNS names: Posht Bar , Posht Par , Posht-e Par , پشت پر , VARIANT names: Posht Bar , Posht-i-Par , ※ SOURCE for Posht-i-Par « At 9-7 A.M., or after going 3 miles, passed a village under the hills to ??پشت پر the right about 2 miles off, called Posht-i-Par, consisting of about?? 20 houses. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 2 Posht Bari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3746098 coordinate: lat 27.642 long 53.2165 NIMA/GNS names: Posht Bari , Posht Pari , پشت پری , VARIANT names: Posht Bari , Posht Pari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.635463 long 53.239411 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Posht Pari , ※ SOURCE for Posht Pari Persian text omitted « Khalili is three hundred years old. Before that, it was located six kilometers west of Khalili in a place called "Pasht Pari". For unknown reasons, most likely an earthquake, it was completely destroyed and three hundred years ago it was moved to the current location of Khalili. » wikipedia Khalili (Grash) online reference link [accessed 19 Nov 2024] NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.200558 long 51.530127 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: poss. loc. Ghundijan (Le Strange) , ※ SOURCE for poss. loc. Ghundijan (Le Strange) [LeStrange placed « Ghundijan » at about lat 29.200558° long 51.530127° some 4.8 kms north of Tang-e-Ram in {map#1138 , Le Strange, , #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905 ~} Map 6 Provinces of Fars and Kirman, about 20 kms WSW from established location. PBR] poss. loc. Ghundijan (Whitcomb) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.171462 long 51.824908 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: poss. loc. Ghundijan (Whitcomb) , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Tang-e-Ram FOR Ghundijan [Le Stange], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Hoseynabad FOR Ghundijan [Whitcomb], ※ SOURCE for poss. loc. Ghundijan (Whitcomb) Whitcomb placed « Ghundijan » at about lat 29.171462° long 51.824908° some 2.5 kms east of Hoseynabad in {map#1177 Fig. 13. Map of Shapur kurah and Arrajan kurah., , , #3094 Donald Whitcomb, Trade and Tradition In Medieval Southern Iran - Thesis, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 1979 ~} « On the return trip, following an easier route skirting the mountains, we passed extensive ruins of a city at the southern end of the valley in which Sar Mashad is located. These ruins may be tentatively identified as the site of medieval Ghundzjan, which lay to the west of Jireh. Another possibility is the town of Fahlan, which also lay to the west of Jireh (22). From Bala Deh I returned to Kazerun and thence to Shapur. Here the bas-reliefs were photographed and squeezes were secured of the inscriptions of Apasay on a fallen pillar (23). fn. 22 The exact location is unspecified, cf. K. Miller, Mappae Arabicae (Hamburg-Stuttgart, 1929), 3. Band, 3. Beiheft, Islam Atlas M 10 (Fars), Taf. 28. fn. 23 R. Ghirshman, Inscription of the monument of Chapour I to Chapour, Revue des arts Asiatiques 10 (1938), 123-129. » #3082 Richard N. Frye, Report on a Trip to Iran in the Summer of 1948, Oriens, 1949 ~ p. 211 Possa-chan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.5026 long 54.2839 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: unknown location VARIANT names: Possa-chan , ※ SOURCE for Possa-chan « Bei km 51 erreicht man den Ort Hormud-e Abbasi, von Gemelli-Carreri als „Khormut" und als Etappenort ohne Karavanserail signalisiert. Der nächste Halt wird von ihm im Dorf „Pasgah-Pasagan" angegeben (54), das wahrscheinlich mit Hedges „Possa-chan" iden- tisch ist und sich heute als ausgedehnte Rui- nenstätte präsentiert, Reste eines Karavan- serails konnten hier nicht nachgewiesen werden. fn. 54 Gemelli-Carreril 273 . [At km 51 you reach the town of Hormud-e Abbasi, signaled by Gemelli-Carreri as "Khormut" and as a stage location without a caravanserail. The next stop is indicated by him in the village of "Pasgah-Pasagan" (54), which is probably with Hedges " Possa-chan" is identical and today presents itself as an extensive ruin site; the remains of a caravan serail could not be found here. fn. 54 Gemelli-Carreril 273.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2v p. 273 « August 3. We rose from Sheack-zur and lay at Possa-Chan, where we found divers of our hired Camels (with their lading) going towards Lar. Here is no want of provisions, but ye Water exceeding bad and Stinking.August 4. We rose from Possa-Chan and travelled this night to Nimma. » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 204 Pozah-ye Zard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: 6244702 coordinate: lat 33.40741 long 61.908098 NIMA/GNS names: Pozah-ye Zard , پوزۀ زرد , VARIANT names: Pozah-ye Zard , proposed mouth of the Hedyphon : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.744288 long 49.029742 VARIANT names: proposed mouth of the Hedyphon , ※ SOURCE for proposed mouth of the Hedyphon « proposed mouth of the Hedyphon in Hellenistic times » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ in Fig. 73. Excerpt of Fig. 65 showing the region traversed by Nearchus in 324 BC and a proposed reconstruction of his itinerary around the northern Gulf. For the old system of the lower "Modern Karkheh" and "Karkheh Kur," see Figs. 71 and 74. p. 42 Prunck ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.523419 long 60.133608 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Prunck ? , ※ SOURCE for Prunck ? « On August 28th we arrived in a village. There, under the name Prunck, many tents were set up, where sheep and goats were looking for pasture for their flocks. [On August 28th we arrived in a village. There, under the name Prunck, many tents were set up, where sheep and goats were looking for pasture for their flocks.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 66 Puhal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053242 coordinate: lat 27.0014 long 55.7295 NIMA/GNS names: Angoorpol , Angur-e Pahel , Pahal , Pahel , Pahel Angur , Pol , Pol Angur , Pol-e Angur , Puhal , انگرپل , انگور پهل , پل , پل انگور , پهل , پهل , پهل اَنگور , پوهال , VARIANT names: Puhal , Pul Kuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3772683 coordinate: lat 32.689849 long 49.216093 NIMA/GNS names: Pul Kuh , Rudkhaneh-ye Pul Kul , رودخانه پول کول , VARIANT names: Pul Kuh , Pul Point : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.974385 long 55.746335 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Puhal Point , Pul Point , ※ SOURCE for Puhal Point see source « Pul Point » ※ SOURCE for Pul Point « Pul or Puhal Point, 13 miles westward of Bustaneh Point, is a low projection only 11 miles from the Kishm shore, on the other side of the strait; on it are some ruined birkels or water tanks, and about 500 yards to the northeastward is a conspicuous tree, which forms a range mark for vessels approaching through the narrows. On the eastern side of the point, 2 milès distant, Rud-i-kul River, the water of which is extremely salt, flows into the strait over the mud Jats, and is navigable only for small craft.There is completely sheltered anchorage off Pul Point, which has a frontage of 350 yards, and vessels can, apparently, lie in 5 fathoms near the shore, but the tidal currents are said to attain a rate of 21 knots, and the holding ground is bad. » #2963 United States. Hydrographic Office, Persian Gulf Pilot Comprising the Persian Gulf, the Gulf of Omán and the Makrán Coast, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1920, ~ p. 214 Pul Shekhna : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.631321 long 48.046655 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Pul Shekhna پل شکسته VARIANT names: Pol Shekasteh , Pul Shekhna , Sinek-Keupri bridge , ※ SOURCE for Pul Shekhna « At mile 12 there is a deep pool of stagnant water, bad and saline, called Sujähgur, which is crossed by the fine 4-arch brick bridge of Pül Shekhna in good repair-fit for L. A. M. cars and motor lorries. It is a good landmark. There is a spring 200 yards S. of the bridge. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 158 ※ SOURCE for Sinek-Keupri bridge « Nous passons peu après un pont de six arches, appelé Sinek-Keupri (pont ruiné). Au-des-sous coule une rivière formée par la réunion des différentes eaux qui tombent des monta-gnes voisines, et servent à l'arrosement des terres. [We pass shortly after a bridge of six arches, called Sinek-Keupri (ruined bridge). Below flows a river formed by the union of the different waters which fall from the neighboring mountains, and serve to irrigate the lands. ] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 255 NIMA/GNS feature: BDGQ independent coordinate: lat 28.3443117527305 long 53.1010115801822 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pol-e Arus , Pul-i 'Arüs , ※ SOURCE for Pol-e Arus « By far the oldest object in this report is the Pol-e Arus, whose river pillars are in early Islamic style time, possibly even from the Sasanian period. The Pol-e Arus is located 27 km south of Qir (Fig. 1) and bridges the Mand River on the caravan route Shiraz Firuzabad or Kazerun Firuzabad Qir Lar Bandar Kong or Bandar Abbas (Gamerun). Due to flooding in 1987, the bridge almost completely lost all remaining arch structures from the later Islamic period [By far the oldest object in this report is the Pol-e Arus, whose river pillars are in early Islamic style time, possibly even from the Sasanian period. The Pol-e Arus is located 27 km south of Qir (Fig. 1) and bridges the Mand River on the caravan route Shiraz Firuzabad or Kazerun Firuzabad Qir Lar Bandar Kong or Bandar Abbas (Gamerun). Due to flooding in 1987, the bridge almost completely lost all remaining arch structures from the later Islamic period] » #3218 Wolfram Kleiss, Brucken aus safavidischer und qadjarischer Zeit in Sud- und Westiran III, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1990 Band 23:pp. 275-289 ~ pp. 275-6 ※ SOURCE for Pul-i 'Arüs « 16. The Kara Aghach river is or was bridged at the following points:- … (3) Qir-o-Kärzin plain. The Pul-i-Arus, a two-storied bridge, the roadway being in the upper storey: this was seen by Abbott in 1873, but not by Wilson in 1911. » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 L-Z p. 757 « Beyond Khunj, the bridge which had been built by Adud al-Daula, the Buyid, to carry the road to Shiraz across the Rud-i Mand was destroyed in 1441-2(56). Its replacement, a splendid structure almost 400 metres long, was clearly built shortly after, and I would suggest, like the caravanserai, represents Hurmuzi activitiy along the land route(57). fn. 56. Discovered in archaeological survey 1970. J. Aubin, "La survie de Shilau...", p. 35 provides the date of its destruction from Jafari and Ninshidi. fn. 57. The Pul-i Arus was described by E. Stack, Six Months in Persia, London 1882, I, p. 111; II, p. 233. Although Vanden Berghe visited the bridge and considered the base pre-Islamic (J. Aubin, "La survie de Shilau .", p. 27, note 58) it is clearly bonded with the superstruc- ture which closely parallels the bridge over the Qizil Uzun near Mianeh dated to 1475-1484 (A.U. Pope, ed., A Survey of Persian Art, Oxford 1939, II, p. 1234; V, pl. 492). » #1071 Williamson, A., Hurmuz and the trade of the Gulf in the 14th and 15th centuries A.D., Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1973, 3:52-68 ~ p. 61 « till it comes down on the Qara-Agach, here flowing in a southerly direction. A very quaint old bridge crosses the river. It is called the Bride's Bridge (pul i arûs), but nobody seems to know who built its high stone- arches, laid the zigzag roadway across them, and constructed the towers and vaulted rooms in its piers. It is the queerest structure, in the of a bridge, that I ever saw in picture way or reality; it is zigzag in shape, and two storied, the roadway being in the second story. The Qara-Agach flows between high banks, with a strong turbid stream sixty yards broad; the centre of the bridge stands fully forty feet above the stream, yet the floodmark is half way up the piers. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 111 « Que la vallée de Simkân, voie naturelle pour la grande rocade préislamique dont on décèle çà et là des éléments, que la vallée du Qara-Aghach aient été aménagées, des ponts anciens (pont d'Isfal, pont de Zagh, pont de Dasht-i Dal, Pul-i 'Arüs)(58) en témoignent sans équivoque. Au sud de Laghar la route du XIIe siècle rejoignait à Kurän la médiane Däräb-Siräf.(59) fn. 58 Sur le pont d'Isfal, cf. FJ VII, p. 67 col. b; le pont "qui a dû être restauré récemment, entre Kirateh et Zagh signalé par M. Vanden Berghe (lettre du 16.XI.1962). Pour l'emplacement des deux autres ouvrages, voir la carte donnée par M. Vanden Berghe, op. cit., entre les pages 198 et 199. Je dois à l'amabilité de M. Vanden Berghe la communication de remarquables photographies, ainsi que les renseignements suivants (lettre citée): "Le pont sur le Qara Aghadj au nord de Dasht-i Dal est situé en amont du confluent de la rivière qui vient du Kuh-i Maimand et du Qara Aghadj. Le Pul-i Arus est beaucoup mieux conservé; il est situé à 20 km au sud de Qir. Il y a aujourd'hui une piste qui conduit de Qir à Makku-Saifabad et de là vers Khundj... La partie inférieure du pont est probablement de l'époque sassanide, le reste évidemment est islamique." fn. 59 Médiane mentionnée par Muqaddasi, p. 454; cf. Le Strange, Lands, p. 296. [That the Simkân valley, a natural route for the great pre-Islamic ring road, elements of which can be detected here and there, that the Qara-Aghach valley were developed, ancient bridges (Isfal bridge, Zagh bridge, Dasht-i Dal bridge, Pul-i 'Arüs) (58) unequivocally testify to this. South of Laghar the 12th century road joined the Däräb-Siräf median at Kurän. fn. 58 On the Isfal bridge, cf. FJ VII, p. 67 col. b; the bridge "which had to be restored recently, between Kirateh and Zagh reported by Mr. Vanden Berghe (letter of 16.XI.1962). For the location of the two other works, see the map given by Mr. Vanden Berghe, op . cit., between pages 198 and 199. I owe to the kindness of Mr. Vanden Berghe the communication of remarkable photographs, as well as the following information (letter cited): "The bridge over the Qara Aghadj north of Dasht- i Dal is located upstream of the confluence of the river which comes from the Kuh-i Maimand and the Qara Aghadj. The Pul-i Arus is much better preserved; it is located 20 km south of Qir. Today there is a track which leads from Qir to Makku-Saifabad and from there to Khundj... The lower part of the bridge is probably from the Sasanian period, the rest is obviously Islamic." fn. 59 Median mentioned by Muqaddasi, p. 454; cf. The Strange, Lands, p. 296.] » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ p. 27 « 845/1442 Spring? [date] | Karzin, Shiraz, Fars [locality] | Caused by early summer snowmelt; flooded qanāts; flash flood destroys half town, the citadel and all the cornlands Heavy rainfall in upper reaches of Qara Aghach, causing floods in Shiraz and Shabankareh region of Fars. Karzin area inundated; Buyid bridge at Pul-i Arus broken by palm trees carried in spate [remarks] (8) fn. 8. J. Aubin, "Indo-Islamica I. La vie et l'oeuvre de Nimdiht," Rev. Étud. Islamiques (1966), p. 62 n. 2; Aubin, "La survie de Shilāu et la route Khunj-o-Fal," Iran, VII (1969), p. 35. There is some conflict over the exact date. Nimdihi says that 10,000 people lost their lives in these floods. » #3116 Charles Melville, Meteorological Hazards and Disasters in Iran: A Preliminary Survey to 1950, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1984 vol. 22:issue 1:pp. 113-150 ~ Pul-i-ab burdeh : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.18201 long 47.421825 † basis (unknown) Supplement: exact location unknown VARIANT names: Pul-i-ab burdeh , ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-ab burdeh « A day's halt on the left bank of the river was enforced by regard for the Persian New Year, March 21. This allowed me to examine closely the remains of a ruined bridge, known as Pul-i-ab-burdeh, the "Bridge broken by the water," and presenting a quasi-geographical interest. To my surprise I found that the twelve piers of the bridge, which together with the arches between them, all fallen, extend over a total distance of some 270 yards, are now separated by fully one-third of a mile from the river, which sweeps past in a huge bend under high cliffs of clay to the south. The piers, all much broken, have their bases and buttresses almost completely covered by alluvium. It was obvious that before the river had changed its course and left the bridge high and dry, this must have been exposed for a long time to the force of heavy floods. » #902 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Journey in Western Iran, The Geographical Journal, London, 1938 (Oct.), 92:4:313-42 ~ p. 329 « If the bridge mentioned by Yäqüt was still in use at or about his time, as the quotation accessible to me seems to imply, we are furnished here with a useful gauge as to the time which the great change in the position of the bridge and of the river-bed has taken to come about. This change is a twofold one, and presents a distinct geographical interest. It has already been noted that a distance of about 440 yards now separates the left bank of the river from the remnant of the nearest pier at the southern end of the bridge. fn. 1 As quoted by Schwarz, Iran im Mittelalter, iv. p. 472, with a note, quoting also from Yäqüt, that the bridge at Khaniqin had 24 arches, each of 20 cubits. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 214 Pul-i-Amarat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.739445 long 50.398981 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location based on track access VARIANT names: Pul-i-Amarat , Pul-i-Marid , Pul-i-Shalil , ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Amarat « PUL-I-AMARAT -Lat.Long.Elev.The ruins of a bridge over the Bazuft river in Lüristān on the road from Shustar to Isfabān. (Schindler.) » #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 494 bridge feature « Pul-i-Amarat » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. H-39C Deh Diz} bridge feature « Pul-i-Amarat » in {map#1182 1000k Maps of South Asia, Survey of India in the India and Adjacent Countries series, , fig. Sheet No 010 Persia Arabia and Turkey (1915)a} « Pul-i-Amarat » in {map#1360 in #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ fig. Across Luristan to Ispahan} « 'AMARAT (PUL-I-) 31-44 50-24. The second from Nasiri of the two wire suspension bridges built in 1899-1900 by Messrs. Lynch Brothers for the Bakhtiari Khans, on the road to Isfahan. It spans the Ab-i-Bazuft, about 112 miles west and short of the caravanserai at Shalil, the 10th caravan stage from Nasiri. The bridge is a neat structure, 70 feet in length, supported by solid masonry piers and a lattice girder, with a steel roadway and concrete flooring, 10 feet in width. It is adapted to carry an ordinary working load of 21/2 cwt. per square foot, or a live load uniformly distributed of 80 tons. It is kept in excellent order by regularly applied coats of paint. The bridge is laid about 160 feet above the level of the water, which has at most seasons a strong swift current (vide Ab-i-Bazuft). (Arbuthnot, 1905.) » #3005 Ludwig W. Adamec, Historical gazetteer of Iran, Abadan and South Western Iran, Akademische Drucku, Verlagsanstalt, 1976-1989 ~ pp. 42-3 « 2. Pul-i-'Amarat, over the Ab-i-Bazuft. A suspension bridge of the same pattern as No. 1. Length 70 feet. Clear width of roadway, 10 feet. Bearing power the same as No. 1. » #3005 Ludwig W. Adamec, Historical gazetteer of Iran, Abadan and South Western Iran, Akademische Drucku, Verlagsanstalt, 1976-1989 ~ p. 88 ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Marid « A small plateau with a very -large ruined caravanserai (SHALIL Cerevanserai) is reached at 4½ miles. AB-I-SHALIL is left and after crossing the plateau there is a steep descent of 500 ft. to the bridge (5½ miles) over the BAZUFT river. AB-I-SHALIL joins this river about 1 mile dowstream. This bridge built in 1903-4 by Messrs Lynch Bros, is variously known as Pul-i-SHALIL, Pul-i-AMARAT or Pul-i-MARID. It is steel suspension in excellent condition, 76 ft. long, 10ft. 6" wide, more than 150 ft. above water. The river which has evidently changed its course due to a landslide (now constituting the northern approach) runs through a magnificont canyon with banks rising straight up 300 ft. or more. Sharp, short rise over a surface of solid rock to a small open space from which the long, steep rocky and very difficult ascent of GARDANEH-I-MARWARID is begin. » #3559 Coll 28/130 ‘Persia. Tribal situation and recommended policy.’, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3546, in Qatar Digital Library, 1941-5 ~ p. 13 ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Shalil « A small plateau with a very -large ruined caravanserai (SHALIL Cerevanserai) is reached at 4½ miles. AB-I-SHALIL is left and after crossing the plateau there is a steep descent of 500 ft. to the bridge (5½ miles) over the BAZUFT river. AB-I-SHALIL joins this river about 1 mile dowstream. This bridge built in 1903-4 by Messrs Lynch Bros, is variously known as Pul-i-SHALIL, Pul-i-AMARAT or Pul-i-MARID. It is steel suspension in excellent condition, 76 ft. long, 10ft. 6" wide, more than 150 ft. above water. The river which has evidently changed its course due to a landslide (now constituting the northern approach) runs through a magnificont canyon with banks rising straight up 300 ft. or more. Sharp, short rise over a surface of solid rock to a small open space from which the long, steep rocky and very difficult ascent of GARDANEH-I-MARWARID is begin. » #3559 Coll 28/130 ‘Persia. Tribal situation and recommended policy.’, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3546, in Qatar Digital Library, 1941-5 ~ p. 13 Pul-i-Dukhtar bridge : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.16083 long 47.715172 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pul-i-Dukhtar bridge , ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Dukhtar bridge « At the northern end of the fertile and partly cultivated plain of Jaidar the Käshgan river debouches from a succession of narrow gorges which, before the construction of the modern motor road, were impassable for laden animals in many places on the left bank. The track previously used by traffic towards Khurramābād accordingly crossed the river to the right bank. This accounts for the position of the great ruined bridge known as Pul-i-Dukhtar, 'the Bridge of the Princess', also as Pul-i-Shāpūr, in accordance with a popular belief, heard already by Sir Henry Rawlinson, which attributes it to the second monarch of the Sasanian dynasty. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 182 Pul-i-Fasa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.483534 long 52.63715 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pasa bridge , Polfaffa , Polifassa bridge , Polifaſa bridge , Polifazza , pont de huit arches , Pool-i-Fassa , Pul-i-Fasa , Pul-i-Fassa , Pully-pot-ʃhaw , Pylli Pessa , ※ SOURCE for Pasa bridge « A tres leguas de camino se llegó al rio de Pasa, ... La puente que en este rio auia, que tiene elnonbre que el mesmo rio, era muy larga y por dondeapenas podria pasar un carro; [After three leagues of travel, we reached the Pasa River,... The bridge that stood on this river, which has the name of the river itself, was very long and over which a car could barely pass;] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 p. 330 ※ SOURCE for Polfaffa « Nous partimes fur le foir,traverfämes une partie de la plaine,le pont de pierre de Polfaffa, en partie renverfé, fous lequel il n'y avoit point d'eau, à cauſe de la grande fechereffe [We left at dusk, and crossed part of the plain, and the stone bridge of Polfaffa, partly overturned, under which there was no water, because of the great flood. ] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 312 ※ SOURCE for Polifassa bridge « A quelque distance de la route est un village considérable ; alors le chemin devient beaucoup plus uni . Après trois heures de marche , nous traversons un pont de huit arches en pierre , sous lequel coule la rivière de Polifasså. Elle prend sa source dans les montagnes à droite , près du village de Pol- Perindji , à huit farsengs à l'O. S. O. de Chirâz , et va se perdre dans la vallée . [At some distance from the road is a considerable village; then the path becomes much smoother. After three hours of walking, we cross a bridge of eight stone arches, under which the Polifasså river flows. It takes its source in the mountains on the right, near the village of Pol-Perindji, eight farsengs to the W. S. W. of Chirâz, and will get lost in the valley.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 pp. 340-1 ※ SOURCE for Polifaſa bridge « Den 19. dito, na een weg van 4 mylen rydens, en het trekken over de brug Polifaſa, quam zyn Ed: aan de Karrawaanſera Baba Hhadji. [On the 19th, after riding four miles and crossing the bridge Polifaſa, his Ed arrived at the Karrawaanſera Baba Hhadji.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Polifazza « Nous passons un pont sous lequel coule la rivière de Polifazza, et parcourons un chemin très-uni, [We pass a bridge under which flows the river Polifazza, and follow a very smooth path,] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 68 ※ SOURCE for pont de huit arches [no place name given - description used for Route 81 stage 068. PBR] « Nous rapprochant des collines, nous suivons un ruis- seau qui va se jeter dans la rivière de Polifazza. Nous traversons celle-ci sur un pont de huit arches, et sommes agréablement surpris par la vue de quelques champs bien cultivés. [Approaching the hills, we follow a stream that flows into the river Polifazza. We cross it on a bridge of eight arches, and are pleasantly surprised by the sight of some well-cultivated fields.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 466 ※ SOURCE for Pool-i-Fassa « At 10 miles, cross a sluggish, muddy river,flowing through a reedy swamp. It has an old stone bridge, called the"Pool-i-Fássá," with remains of causeway at either extremity. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 735 ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Fasa « Pul-i-Fasa » in {map#1204 in #3143 Whitcomb, Donald S., Before the Roses and Nightingales: Excavations at Quasr-i Abu Nasr, Old Shiraz, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1985 ~ fig. Map of the plain of Shiraz and distribution of place names on sealings found at Qasr-i Abu Nasr} « The principal road to the southeast runs down the middle of the plain to Pul-i Fasa (the bridge of Fasa). This road, as suggestedby the name of the bridge, continues around the southern edge of Lake Maharlu to Fasa and Darabjird to the southeast. Another road leads south to Kavar and Firuzabad (Jur) and on to the coast at Siraf. The control points for roads entering the Shirazplain are thus at the Pul-i Fasa and at or near Shiraz itself. Qasr-i Abu Nasr might have been situated onan earlier version of the road running the length ofthe plain; it does not directly dominate major passes to the north (which are 4 to 6 kilometers away; cf.Upton 1973, 9). »#3143 Whitcomb, Donald S., Before the Roses and Nightingales: Excavations at Quasr-i Abu Nasr, Old Shiraz, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1985 ~ pp. 14-15 « Leaving Shiraz, the traveller rode via the villages of Deh Ameris and Hasanabad, at one German from the city and crossed the ten-arched Pul-i Fasa bridge over the Qara Bagh river. The bridge was in need of repair, and was linked on both sides by a causeway, (77) at the left of which a lake was situated. fn. 77 Valentijn, vol. V. p. 284 (Polisasa); Speelman, p. 84; (Poulisesa) Thevenot, vol. II, p. 127. The eight or ten-arched bridge is the Pul-i Fasa. There was also a karavansaray built by a rich Shirazi widow; de Silva y Figueroa, pp. 104, 351. » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Fassa « Pul-i-Fassa » in {map#1192 in #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ fig. Map showing road from Shiraz to Jashk sheet 1} ※ SOURCE for Pully-pot-ʃhaw « next day to Pully-pot-ʃhaw (1) (leaving Bobbaw-hodgee on our left hand) fn. 1 This place (like the two preceding ones) has not been identified. The name is evidently Pul-i-Padshah, the bridge of the Emperor'. Herbert's itinerary (see appendix) adds the name of another stage, viz. Emoom (not identified). Clearly the cavalcade did not keep strictly to the usual route. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132 ※ SOURCE for Pylli Pessa « Zunächst nach S+O durch die Dörfer Deh Ameris, Haßanâbâd, Pylli Pessá.[First to the S+E through the villages of Deh Ameris, Haßanâbâd, Pylli Pessá] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 111 Pul-i-Fasa caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.483753 long 52.638112 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: last visible in googe earth 8/2005 VARIANT names: Pasa carauasar , Pul-i-Fasa caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Pasa carauasar « A tres leguas de camino se llegó al rio de Pasa, ... La puente que en este rio auia, que tiene elnonbre que el mesmo rio, era muy larga y por dondeapenas podria pasar un carro; ansi ella como un pe queño carauasar del mesmo nonbre que estaua junto ásu entrada, se auian hecho en virtud de un legado quedexó una muger rrica de Xiras, siendo las mas de éstasobras pias por testamentos de mugeres, como algunosde los carauasares y çisternas de que en este camino se ahecho mençion. [After three leagues of travel, we reached the Pasa River,... The bridge that stood on this river, which has the name of the river itself, was very long and over which a car could barely pass; Likewise, it, like a small carauasar of the same name that was next to its entrance, had been made by virtue of a legacy left by a rich woman from Xiras, most of these being pious works by wills of women, like some of the carauasars. and cisterns of which mention has been made on this path.] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 p. 330 ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Fasa caravanserai « At 10 miles, cross a sluggish, muddy river, flowing through a reedy swamp. It has an old stone bridge, called the "Pool-i-Fássá," with remains of causeway at either extremity. Pass ruins of stone caravanserai on left. Here road diverges; one to the left front, leads to Fássá and Bandar Abbas; the other to Fírozábád, round foot of range of low rocky hills, in a southerly direction. On the side and top of first hill, overlooking the bridge, are the remains of an ancient fortress. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 735 « Dopo tre leghe in circa di strada, passammo un ponte, sotto al quale allora non vi era acqua alcuna, ma in certi tempi vi suol correre un torrente che cala alle volte. dai monti d'intorno. Si chiama il ponte di Passà, perchè sta nella strada che a Passà conduce. Passa si dice volgarmente in voce questo nome, benchè nella scrittura al modo degli Arabi, i quali non hanno la P, con la F, secondo il lor costume, Fassà, o Phassà, lo sogliono scrivere. Passato quel ponte, si trova subito un caravanserai e certe case disfatte a piè di un poggio, sopra il quale si vede altre volte esservi stato un castello: ma ora ogni cosa è rovinata, ed il caravanserai ancora, benchè pur resti in piedi, è abbandonato nondimeno; il che credo che avvenga, perchè il luogo patisce di acqua. [After about three leagues of road, we passed a bridge, under which there was no water at that time, but at certain times a stream usually runs across it and sometimes drops. from the surrounding mountains. It is called the Passà bridge, because it is on the road that leads to Passà. This name is commonly spoken by voice, although in writing in the manner of the Arabs, who do not have the P, with the F, according to their custom, Fassà, or Phassà, they usually write it. Once you have crossed that bridge, you immediately find a caravanserai and some ruined houses at the foot of a hill, on which you can see that there has once been a castle: but now everything is ruined, and the caravanserai is still standing, although it remains standing. abandoned nevertheless; which I believe happens, because the place suffers from water.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 273 Pul-i-Kaleh : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.379658 long 51.23959 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pul-i-Kaleh , Pul-i-Kul : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.913011 long 48.994516 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: there are two bridges, « Pul-i-Kul (west) » 1 km downstream and « Pul-i-Kul (east) » 0.5 km upstream. see these locations VARIANT names: Pul-i-Kul , ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Kul « Pul-i-Kul » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} « PUL-I-KÜL 2,600'5. Bearing of general direction of route northerly. Track very rough across several deep ravines for first hour when it passes along the precipitous sides of numerous detached hills, (here one mule slipped and rolled nearly two hundred feet and was with difficulty recovered), and eventually descends by steep gradients of 19° to the bank of the Ab-i-Diz. Camp about mile from two broken bridges. About 2 companies only of infantry with 2 mountain guns could encanip near river bank, Best camping ground for a larger force would be near the route about half way from Nükdär. Ab-I-Diz here 100 yards broad and very rapid. A few minutes walk brings us into the gorge through which the river Ab-i-Diz rushes at the rate of about 10 miles an hour. The path lies along the edge of the water on slippery slate stone rock sometime scarcely, broad enough for a man to get a foot hold. The Iliat stated they loose a considerable number of their animals yearly along this route when going to and from their summer quarters. There are two ruined bridges about ¼ of a mile apart. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 123 « The River Zaliki, several miles away to the north-west, some 8000 feet below, could be seen cutting across them, and in this gorge the piers of the old ruined bridges of Pul-i-Kul still exist. » #1231 Harrison, J. V., The Bakhtiari Country, South-Western Persia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1932 (Sep.), 80:3:193-207 ~ p. 197 « One of the Broken Bridges over the Ab-I-Diz at Pul-I-KuDecember 1891 [24r] (1/2) » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 54/92 « We descend by steep gradients of 9° to the bank of the Ab-i-Diz, where we encamp about from two broken bridges. » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 52/92 Pul-i-Kul (east) : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.912536 long 48.999416 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: east bridge- remains - north side 7/8 piers, substantially gap, south side abutment to cliff VARIANT names: Pul-i-Kul (east) , ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Kul (east) online reference link [accessed 03 Aug 2025] Pul-i-Kul (west) : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.912488 long 48.98673 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: west bridge- remains - 2 lots of 3 piers not in line and abutment to cliff VARIANT names: Pul-i-Kul (west) , ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Kul (west) online reference link [accessed 03 Aug 2025] « One of the Broken Bridges over the Ab-I-Diz at Pul-I-KuDecember 1891 [24r] (1/2) » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 54/92 Pul-i-Shaikhan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.94378 long 52.315558 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pul-i-Shaikhan , ※ SOURCE for Pul-i-Shaikhan « Pul-i-Shaikhan » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection fig. Abadeh-444-B} Pul-i-Vargan : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.554672 long 51.516064 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pul-i-Vargan , Pulvar R. (perennial) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.948528 long 52.835245 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pulvar R. (perennial) , ※ SOURCE for Pulvar R. (perennial) « Pulvar R. (perennial) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Shiraz H-39Q 1948} Pur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078615 coordinate: lat 27.980278 long 56.743056 NIMA/GNS names: Poor , Pur , Pur Ahmadi , پر , پور , پور احمدی , VARIANT names: Pur , Pusht Koh Mulla Yasin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3387071 coordinate: lat 34.1077778 long 62.135 NIMA/GNS names: Posht Kuh , Pusht Koh Mulla Yasin , Pusht Kuh Mulla Yasin , Pust Koh , VARIANT names: Kala-i-Mula Yasin ? , Pusht Koh Mulla Yasin , ※ SOURCE for Kala-i-Mula Yasin ? « 34. Kala-i-Mula Yasin (9 miles 4 furlongs-381 miles 4 furlongs). -Water plentiful; forage and grass abundant; a few small villages in the vicinity; road over undulating ground. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335 Pusht-i-Badam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078508 coordinate: lat 33.014811 long 55.562517 NIMA/GNS names: Posht-e Badam , Posht-e Badom , Pusht-i-Badam , Ribat-i-Pusht-i-Badam , Robat-e Khalaf - e Badam , Robat-e Posht-e Badam , Robat-e-Posht Badam , پشت بادام , پشت بادم , رباط پشت بادام , VARIANT names: Postobatan , Pusht-i-Badam , ※ SOURCE for Postobatan « Der 11. Aug. ließ uns im Felde Postobatan, von den nahangelegenen Gala also genefict/ alle Nothwendigkeiten auff diese drey be vorstehende Hungertage in der Wüsten reichlich einsam len. [On August 11th we were able to gather in the Postobatan field, so fortified by the nearby Gala, all the necessities for the three days of hunger that lay ahead in the desert.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 64 ※ SOURCE for Pusht-i-Badam « At Pusht-i-Badan there are two springs of water, one brackish and the other fresh. From these springs, about a square mile of ground is watered and cultivated, but the place does not supply food enough for its inhabitants and the pilgrims who pass through it on their way to iUas11-had. I here found the alarm about the Biluchi bancl, who were plundering, even, greater than at Sukand. I was not aware that Biluchis were so much dreaded by the Persians as they appear to be, though I knew that a Turkoman would scare a multitude of Persians from the southern provinces of the kingdom. After much difficulty I persuaded a man to accompany me as guide to the next stage. » #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.), 3:9:513-46 ~ p. 519 Pusht-i-Pa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057028 coordinate: lat 29.083333 long 51.683333 NIMA/GNS names: Bozpar , Buzpar , Poshtpa , Pusht-i-Pa , VARIANT names: Buzpar , Pusht-i-Pa , ※ SOURCE for Buzpar « BUZPAR (2) LAT. 29° 5' N.; LONG. 51° 40' E.; STUDENT. A mountain range and village in Fars, north of Deh Rud.-(St. John.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt 1 p. 208 Pusht-i-Sangar : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.741815 long 54.324001 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Posht-e Sangar , Pusht-i-Sangar , ※ SOURCE for Posht-e Sangar « Posht-e Sangar » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 14 Karawanenwege zwischen Djahrom und Lar und Khondj und Lar sowie südlich und östlich von Lar} ※ SOURCE for Pusht-i-Sangar « The road leaves the plain at 2 miles, and runs up a stony and broken slope to the caravanstrai of Pusht-i-Sangar. Water from two cisterns; grazing poor; fuel nil; supplies nil. Sangars on the plateau to the N.-E. denote the origin of the name of the strai, which stands on a stony plateau of a mile broad and 5 miles long running E. and W., bounded on either side by low ridges, and drained by a deep ravine running W. from the slopes of the Küh i-Kurdeh. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p.172 « The road to Shiraz from Lar vid Jahrum leads over some steep ridges, past a serai known as Pusht-i-Sangar. Long lines of heaped-up stones in the vicinity enggest the derivation of the name; in all probability these defences are a relic of the Baluch raids stated by Sykes to have taken place in 1810. Native tradition confirms this view. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 160 « wendet und man nach Durchfurten zahlreicher Wasserläufe bei Km 14 das erste kleine Karavanserail, heute Pusht-i Sangar genannt, erreicht (Abb. 2, Taf. 1/1). Es befindet sich heute etwa 300 m östlich der modernen Straße und ist ein kleines Hofkaravanserail mit den Hafßen 16 x 16.5 m. [and after fording through numerous watercourses you reach the first small caravanserail, today called Pusht-i Sangar, at km 14 (Fig. 2, plate 1/1). It is now located about 300 m east of the modern road and is a small court caravanserail with the harbor 16 x 16.5 m.] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ p. 2 Puskan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078634 coordinate: lat 29.482791 long 51.672008 NIMA/GNS names: Paras Kan , Parskan , Parskhan , Postkan , Pusgan , Pushkan , Puskan , Pustgan , پوسکان , پوشکان , VARIANT names: Puskan , ※ SOURCE for Puskan 3079 abb5 Puzeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.968759 long 52.884356 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Puzeh , ※ SOURCE for Puzeh « Puzeh » in {map#1245 in #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ fig. Route-kaart voor de reis van het gezantschap Cunaeus van Bender Abbas (Gamron) naar Isfahan (1652)} « The chapar-khaneh , which the visitor makes his head- quarters while he inspects the monuments of the Achaemenids, is that of Puzeh, situated at the western extremity of the valley of the Polvar, which flows in a deep gully just below and , almost on the site of the ancient Istakhr. Here he is within easy distance of all the ruins ; and if the blackened walls, the smoky fire- place, the mud flooring, and the crazy, hingeless door of the bala-khaneh of the post-house at Puzeh do not constitute an appetising domicile , at least the wayfarer can reflect, with a positive gush of delight, that this is the last chapar-khaneh in which he will be called upon to spend the night in Persia . » #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892, ~ vol. 2 p. 91 « General direction at first N.-E. and then N-W. Leaving the chaparkhānch at Püzeh-i-Takht-i-Jamshid the road N.-E. unduelating under the mountains with the river on its left. The caravan route, which crosses the river leaves the road at the Pūzeh. At 1 miles the ruins on the right of the road, and the walled village of Takht-i-Taus, with stone bastions, and the ancient ruins lying near it, lying to the left, are reached. Takht-i-Taus consists of 15 houses; 100 goats; 20 cos. There is fodder after the harvest for 100 horses. Water good from irrigation channels. Here the road turns another Püzeh, and the mountains, which up to this point have been close to the road, bear more to the S.-E. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 352 « To the traveller who comes from Shiraz, the chapar khaneh of Puzeh lies straight ahead in the middle of the valley through which runs the road to Isfahan. Standing at the chapar khaneh and looking up the valley towards Isfahan, Persepolis lies to his right a mile or so distant. To the left — that is, northwards— lie the tombs and tablets of Naksh-i-Rustam, not much further off, perhaps, than Persepolis itself, but more difficult of access by reason of the circuitous route by which they have to be approached. Immediately in front and quite close by are the straggling remnants of Istakhr. Besides these chief places of interest, there are one or two of minor importance. Behind the chapar khaneh towards Shiraz, a few hundred yards will take the explorer to a curious, flat stone platform called Takht-i-Taous,— 'the Peacock Throne.' » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ pp. 191-2 [which includes a map The Neighbourhood Of Persbpolis.] « After a smoke, I took leave, and arriving at Puzeh chapar Jchaneh about four, I started off at once with my gun to look for something for to-morrow night's dinner. I will quote the account of my little walk as I set it down in my diary : * First I take a peep at Naksh-i-Rejeb, close by the chapar khaneh, and then climb the rocks a short distance and make my way along through the rain. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 208 Puzeh Padri Pass (Wilson) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.799722 long 52.295697 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Puzeh Padri Pass (Wilson) , ※ SOURCE for Puzeh Padri Pass (Wilson) « At 14½ miles reach the Püzeh Padri Pass (2,000') under the bluff of that name. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 285 Q10 Manujan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5730, 2724 converted to coordinate: lat 27.4 long 57.5 VARIANT names: Q10 Manujan , ※ SOURCE for Q10 Manujan « Other variants: none Details: See Q9. No. of sherds: 12 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q11 Manujan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5730, 2724 converted to coordinate: lat 27.4 long 57.5 VARIANT names: Q11 Manujan , ※ SOURCE for Q11 Manujan « Other variants: none Details: See Q9. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q12 Manujan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5730, 2724 converted to coordinate: lat 27.4 long 57.5 VARIANT names: Q12 Manujan , ※ SOURCE for Q12 Manujan « Other variants: none Details: The site is described by Prickett (1986a: 1280). The Site Card is marked with the caption 'Islamic...? of small earlier site’. No. of sherds: 5 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q15 T. Bikar : arch. site IRN UTM: 5711, 2721 converted to coordinate: lat 27.35 long 57.1833333333333 VARIANT names: Q15 T. Bikar , ※ SOURCE for Q15 T. Bikar « Other variants: none Details: The location of Bikar is marked (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q16 T. Bikar : arch. site IRN UTM: 5711, 2721 converted to coordinate: lat 27.35 long 57.1833333333333 VARIANT names: Q16 T. Bikar , ※ SOURCE for Q16 T. Bikar « Other variants: none Details: See Q15. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q17 [Tepe Mauru] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5713, 2720 converted to coordinate: lat 27.3333333333333 long 57.2166666666667 VARIANT names: Q17 [Tepe Mauru] , ※ SOURCE for Q17 [Tepe Mauru] « Other variants: none Details: The Site Card for Q17 has no toponym, however Prickett records the site as Tepe Mauru and describes the location as being on the East bank of the Rud-i Rudan 9km South of Dih Bariz and close to Kumis (Prickett, 1986a: 1280). A position estimated from this description has been given. No. of sherds: 228 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q18 [Tepe Mauru] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5713, 2720 converted to coordinate: lat 27.3333333333333 long 57.2166666666667 VARIANT names: Q18 [Tepe Mauru] , ※ SOURCE for Q18 [Tepe Mauru] « Other variants: none Details: See Q17. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q19 [Tepe Mauru] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5713, 2720 converted to coordinate: lat 27.3333333333333 long 57.2166666666667 VARIANT names: Q19 [Tepe Mauru] , ※ SOURCE for Q19 [Tepe Mauru] « Other variants: none Details: See Q17. No. of sherds: 7 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q2 T. Cheraghab ad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5727, 2713 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2166666666667 long 57.45 VARIANT names: Q2 T. Cheraghab ad , ※ SOURCE for Q2 T. Cheraghab ad « Other variants: Charagha bad Details: The location of T. Cheraghabad is given by Prickett (1986a: 1277). An equivalent version of the place name, Charaghabad, is marked (Adamec, 1988: Map Sheet 28-C). No. of sherds: 83 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q20 [Mauru] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5713, 2720 converted to coordinate: lat 27.3333333333333 long 57.2166666666667 VARIANT names: Q20 [Mauru] , ※ SOURCE for Q20 [Mauru] « Other variants: none Details: The Site Card for Q20 has no toponym, however Prickett records the site as Mauru (1986a: 1281), which presumably has the same location as Q17. No. of sherds: 44 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q21 Kumiz : arch. site IRN UTM: 5715, 2722 converted to coordinate: lat 27.3666666666667 long 57.25 VARIANT names: Q21 Kumiz , ※ SOURCE for Q21 Kumiz « Other variants: Qal'a Kumis, Komiz Details: The site name for Q21 is recorded by Prickett as Qal'a Kumis (Prickett, 1986a: 1280). A further variant of the name, Komiz, is listed and the location of this is given (USBGN: 312). No. of sherds: 18 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q22 [Kumiz] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5715, 2722 converted to coordinate: lat 27.3666666666667 long 57.25 VARIANT names: Q22 [Kumiz] , ※ SOURCE for Q22 [Kumiz] « Other variants: See Q21 Details: See Q21. The Site Card for Q22 has no toponym, however the site name Qal'a Kumis, is provided by Prickett within the discussion of Q18 (Prickett, 1986a: 1280). No. of sherds: 12 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q25 Tepe Ziarat Gulashgird : arch. site IRN UTM: 5716, 2752 converted to coordinate: lat 27.8666666666667 long 57.2666666666667 VARIANT names: Q25 Tepe Ziarat Gulashgird , ※ SOURCE for Q25 Tepe Ziarat Gulashgird « Other variants: Tepe Ziyerat, Zeyarat Details: The site name for Q25 is recorded by Prickett as Tepe Ziyerat (Prickett, 1986a: 1281). An equivalent version of the place name, Zeyarat, is marked (TPC Sheet H-7D). No. of sherds: 53 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q26 [Tepe Ziarat] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5716, 2752 converted to coordinate: lat 27.8666666666667 long 57.2666666666667 VARIANT names: Q26 [Tepe Ziarat] , ※ SOURCE for Q26 [Tepe Ziarat] « Other variants: Tepe Ziyerat, Zeyarat Details: See Q25. The Site Card for Q26 has no toponym, however the Site Code falls between Q25 and Q27 that were both assigned to Tepe Ziarat (Prickett, 1986a: 1281-2). It is therefore likely that Q26 belongs to the same site group. No. of sherds: 28 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q27 Tepe Ziarat Ali Gulashgird [T. Hissar] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5713, 2745 converted to coordinate: lat 27.75 long 57.2166666666667 VARIANT names: Q27 Tepe Ziarat Ali Gulashgird [T. Hissar] , ※ SOURCE for Q27 Tepe Ziarat Ali Gulashgird [T. Hissar] « Other variants: Zeyarat-e ‘Ali, Tepe Ziyerat ‘Ali Details: The site name for Q27 is recorded by Prickett as Tepe Ziyerat 'Ali (Prickett, 1986a: 1282). An equivalent version of the place name, Zeyarat-e 'Ali, is marked (Adamec, 1988: Map Sheet 28- A). No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q28 [T. Hissar] : arch. site IRN UTM: 5713, 2804 converted to coordinate: lat 28.0666666666667 long 57.2166666666667 VARIANT names: Q28 [T. Hissar] , ※ SOURCE for Q28 [T. Hissar] « Other variants: none Details: The Site Card for Q28 has no toponym, however the site name, T. Hissar, is provided by Prickett, who describes the site as being located c.3km Northwest of Darrashur at an elevation of 580m (Prickett, 1986a: 1282). A position estimated from this description is given. No. of sherds: 104 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q3 T. Cheraghab ad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5727, 2713 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2166666666667 long 57.45 VARIANT names: Q3 T. Cheraghab ad , ※ SOURCE for Q3 T. Cheraghab ad « Other variants: none Details: See Q2. No. of sherds: 97 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q30 T. Hissar : arch. site IRN UTM: 5713, 2804 converted to coordinate: lat 28.0666666666667 long 57.2166666666667 VARIANT names: Q30 T. Hissar , ※ SOURCE for Q30 T. Hissar « Other variants: none Details: See Q28. No. of sherds: 119 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q32 Danial Gulashgird : arch. site IRN UTM: 5716, 21593 converted to coordinate: lat 22.55 long 57.2666666666667 VARIANT names: Q32 Danial Gulashgird , ※ SOURCE for Q32 Danial Gulashgird « Other variants: Golackerd Golashke- rd Details: An equivalent version of part of the place name, Golackerd, is recorded as being 50km East of Kahnuj in the province of Jiroft (FIJ, 1953: 358). Another variant of the same name, Golashkerd, is listed and the location of this is given (USBGN: 185). The second part o f the name given by Williamson, Danial, could refer to some feature in the town itself. No. of sherds: 140 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q4 T. Cheraghab ad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5727, 2713 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2166666666667 long 57.45 VARIANT names: Q4 T. Cheraghab ad , ※ SOURCE for Q4 T. Cheraghab ad « Other variants: none Details: See Q2. No. of sherds: 22 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q5 T. Cheraghab ad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5727, 2713 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2166666666667 long 57.45 VARIANT names: Q5 T. Cheraghab ad , ※ SOURCE for Q5 T. Cheraghab ad « Other variants: none Details: See Q2. No. of sherds: 46 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q6 Jangin : arch. site IRN UTM: 5720, 2713 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2166666666667 long 57.3333333333333 VARIANT names: Q6 Jangin , ※ SOURCE for Q6 Jangin « Other variants: Jagin, Qal'a Jangin Details: Site Q6 is referred to by Prickett as Qal'a Jangin (1986a: 1279). The same place name, given as Jagin, is said to be located at E5725/N2712 (Adamec, 1988: 193), however it is marked differently on the TPC (Sheet H-7D). Inconsistencies elsewhere in Adamec No. of sherds: 11 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q7 Jangin : arch. site IRN UTM: 5720, 2713 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2166666666667 long 57.3333333333333 VARIANT names: Q7 Jangin , ※ SOURCE for Q7 Jangin « Other variants: See Q6. Details: See Q6. No. of sherds: 8 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q8 Jangin : arch. site IRN UTM: 5720, 2713 converted to coordinate: lat 27.2166666666667 long 57.3333333333333 VARIANT names: Q8 Jangin , ※ SOURCE for Q8 Jangin « Other variants: See Q6. Details: See Q6. No. of sherds: 15 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Q9 Manujan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5730, 2724 converted to coordinate: lat 27.4 long 57.5 VARIANT names: Q9 Manujan , ※ SOURCE for Q9 Manujan « Other variants: none Details: The location of Manujan is given by USBGN (337), howeverthe Easting is marked differently (TPC Sheet H-7D). The latter source is more recent and therefore the TPC location has been given. No. of sherds: 26 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Qabbah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 153523 coordinate: lat 26.31056 long 56.35762 NIMA/GNS names: Qabbah , Qubbah , قبة , VARIANT names: Qabbah , Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 72a : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 455 965 converted to coordinate: lat 22.569 long 58.41521 VARIANT names: Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 72a , ※ SOURCE for Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 72a « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 56 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 72b : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 420 970 converted to coordinate: lat 22.57653 long 58.38125 VARIANT names: Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 72b , ※ SOURCE for Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 72b « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 56 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 72c : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 405 973 converted to coordinate: lat 22.57665 long 58.36666 VARIANT names: Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 72c , ※ SOURCE for Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 72c « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 56 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 73 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 375 978 converted to coordinate: lat 22.58141 long 58.33753 VARIANT names: Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 73 , ※ SOURCE for Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 73 « Triliths » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 56 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 74 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 330 980 converted to coordinate: lat 22.58358 long 58.29378 VARIANT names: Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 74 , ※ SOURCE for Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 74 « Grave cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 57 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 75 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 250 996 converted to coordinate: lat 22.59864 long 58.2161 VARIANT names: Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 75 , ※ SOURCE for Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 75 « Triliths » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 57 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 76 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 178 997 converted to coordinate: lat 22.60005 long 58.14607 VARIANT names: Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 76 , ※ SOURCE for Qabil Yal Bu Sa'id 76 « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 57 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Qabr Rud canyon : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.762356 long 52.321954 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qabr Rud canyon , ※ SOURCE for Qabr Rud canyon « Kohru is a site at the top of a pass overlooking the village of this name, deep in the Qabr Rud canyon. Conduits of sweet water, originating at Hermi, pass through the canyon en route to Bagh-i Sheikh. The site is a single-room building made of plaster and rubble, measuring 8 x 4 m and preserved to a height of 1.5 m, with three-quarters round buttresses at the angles. A second building is almost completely obscured by scree from the mountain. Fragments of the ancient paved road again appear in this area. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 79 Qadamgah : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.733831 long 53.212408 VARIANT names: Qadamgah , ※ SOURCE for Qadamgah Qadamgah with its three receding terraces online reference link [accessed 01 Jan 2025] Qadamgah : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.694255 long 54.33881 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qadamgah , ※ SOURCE for Qadamgah « Die Festung Qadamgah liegt im Nordwesten des alten Stadtkernes von Lar am nördlichen die Ebene nach Westen abschließenden Plateau und ist durch die Schlucht des Rudkhaneh-Shur von der Qal'eh Asdahar Paykar getrennt (Abb. 2).Die strategische Lage der Burg ist ausgesprochen günstig. Die Anlage überwacht die durch die Schlucht führende Straße nach Djahrom ebenso wie sie einen Ausblick auf die gesamte Ebene von Lar bietet. Auf einem an drei Seiten steil abfallenden, leicht nach Osten geneigten Plateau gelegen, welches sich in Nord-Süd-Richtung etwa 500 m und in Ost-West-Richtung etwa 250 m erstreckt, ist die Burg nur von der Nordseite her durch das Gelände ungeschützt, an den übrigen Seiten fällt das etwa 200 m über der Stadt gelegene Plateau steil ab.[The Qadamgah fortress is located in the northwest of the old city center of Lar on the northern plateau that closes the plain to the west and is separated from the Qal'eh Asdahar Paykar by the Rudkhaneh-Shur gorge (Fig. 2).The strategic location of the castle is extremely favorable. The facility monitors the road leading through the gorge to Djahrom as well as providing a view of the entire plain of Lar. Located on a plateau that slopes steeply on three sides and slopes slightly to the east, which extends about 500 m in a north-south direction and about 250 m in an east-west direction, the castle is only unprotected by the terrain from the north side , on the other sides the plateau, about 200 m above the city, drops steeply. ] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ pp. 327-8 Qadamgah-e Hazrat-e Ali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10423509 coordinate: lat 27.6931 long 54.3399 NIMA/GNS names: Qadamgah-e Hazrat-e `Ali , قدمگاه حضرت علی , VARIANT names: Qadamgah-e Hazrat-e Ali , qadjarischen K. Cahar Berkeh : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.64966 long 54.675584 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: GE visual cross shape covered cistern, 16m x 4m ; rectangular covered cistern 16m x 4m; open cistern 14m x 3m; possibly another rectangular cistern, 12m x 2.5m; all wsouth of caravanserai Qajar dynasty (1779–1924) VARIANT names: KM133 (Gaube) , qadjarischen K. Cahar Berkeh , ※ SOURCE for KM133 (Gaube) « KM 133: 15 Kilometer weiter nach Westen liegt der nächste Karvansarai, im Typ jenem bei KM 118 gleich, nebst zwei Zisternen. Auch er wird heute als Gendarmerieposten genutzt. [KM 133: 15 kilometers further to the west is the next Karvansarai, the same type as that at KM 118, along with two cisterns. Today it is also used as a gendarmerie post.] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 45 ※ SOURCE for qadjarischen K. Cahar Berkeh « Lage: 2 km westlich des qadjarischen Karavanserails Cahar Berkeh (Gendarmeriestation, nicht betretbar), [Location: 2 km west of the Qajar caravanserail Cahar Berkeh (gendarmerie station, not accessible),] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 139 [note this reference is to the smaller caravanserai which is located 2 km west of the qadjarischen caravanserai, not surveyed by Kleiss. PBR] « (29) karawansarai 6 farsakhs. With 3 cisterns at one league there is a caravansarai. On the right at 1 league a place Dizkurd. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 Qa'ed Heydari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079204 coordinate: lat 29.637 long 50.4571 NIMA/GNS names: Derow , Ghal`eh Gha`ed Heidar , Qa'ed Heydari , Qal`eh Qaid Haidar , Qal`eh-e-Haji Heydar , Qal`eh-ye Hajji Heydar , Qal`eh-ye Heydar , Qal`eh-ye Qayed Heydar , درو , قائد حيدری , قلعه حيدر , قلعۀ حاجی حيدر , قلعۀ قايد حيدر , VARIANT names: Ca Hyder , Kalat Haider , Qa'ed Heydari , ※ SOURCE for Ca Hyder « Kalat Haider (Ca Hyder) is a small village on the coast 4 miles to north- westward of Genaweh. Fowls and cattle can be obtained at a cheap rate. » #2944 Alexander G. Findlay, A Directory for the Navigation of the Indian Ocean, Published for Richard Holmes Laurie, 1866, ~ p. 701 ※ SOURCE for Kalat Haider « Kalat Haider (Ca Hyder) is a small village on the coast 4 miles to north- westward of Genaweh. Fowls and cattle can be obtained at a cheap rate. » #2944 Alexander G. Findlay, A Directory for the Navigation of the Indian Ocean, Published for Richard Holmes Laurie, 1866, ~ p. 701 Qa'en : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078747 coordinate: lat 33.726539 long 59.184393 NIMA/GNS names: Qa'en , Qain , Qayen , Shahr-e Qayen , قائن , قاین , VARIANT names: Kaian , Qa'en , ※ SOURCE for Kaian « We marched through a mountainous country and almost due north to Kaian, the town which gives its name to the district, but were five days in accomplishing this distance, only 67 miles, having made four marches instead of three, and halted the second day. We left Birjand on the 1st and reached Káian the 6th of April. ... Kaian, the ancient capital of the district, once overrun by Uzbeks, later by Arabs, is a place of much local note, and has a history of its own. It covers a considerable extent of ground, and has large and numerous walled gardens. These stretch out here and there like those of Kashan, and other centres of population in Persia; but when approached they seem to want the life and freshness their office implies. With all the space covered by walls and buildings the population is limited by some to 500 houses in the sense of families. I think there must be more, though nothing like the 4000 houses and 10,000 inhabitants stated by one of my informants. The town is built upon a plain almost surrounded by hills and mountains. In the neighbourhood is obtained fruit of many kinds, wheat, barley, and saffron. A great amount of raw silk is exported, and some little reserved for home manufacture. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 76 Qafeleh Ja : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3772689 coordinate: lat 32.925556 long 48.388258 NIMA/GNS names: Ghafeleh Ja , Qafeleh Ja , غافله جا , VARIANT names: Qafeleh Ja , Qahavand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078761 coordinate: lat 34.85953 long 49.003659 NIMA/GNS names: Qahavand , Qahawand , قهاوند , VARIANT names: Qahavand , ※ SOURCE for Qahavand « Qahavand » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 3 Karte Irans, Ausschnitt der Regionen Teheran - Esfahan - Shiraz} Qahferokh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3780435 coordinate: lat 32.271743 long 50.980082 NIMA/GNS names: Farrokh Shahr , Qafrakh , Qahferokh , Qahofrokh , Qatarokh , Qehfarukh , فرخ شهر , VARIANT names: Kavarukh , Qahferokh , ※ SOURCE for Kavarukh « KÁVARUKH15 55Cross the Rukh range by a good read through pass, 600' high; 6 miles further is Kávarukh, road descending the whole way from the pass. Kávarukh stands in a treeless, but cultivated plain. » #3461 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Routes in Persia, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1887 ~ p. 202 Qal`a Best : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 6180840 coordinate: lat 31.503028 long 64.356757 NIMA/GNS names: Bust , Qal`a Best , Qal`ah Bist , Qal`ah Bust , Qal`ah-ye Bust , Qal`eh-ye Bost , Sahah-ye Qalah-ye Bust , ساحه قلعه بست , قلعه بست , قلعه بس? , VARIANT names: Calabiche , Qal`a Best , Qala-e Bost , ※ SOURCE for Calabiche « So on the seventh day we reached the City of Calabiche, (10) where we picked up the rest of the caravanfn. 10 This place is mentioned by other early travellers as lying on the route to Ispahan. It is shown on Reinier and Josua Otten's map; on a map in the Bibliothèque Nationale at Paris, by Giacomo Contelli di Vignola, 1679; on a map by de Wit (n.d.), and on another early French map of Persia, also in the Bibliothèque Nationale. But the position is not invariably the same, as it is sometimes shown beyond and sometimes before Cushecu-nam. Several maps omit it and give Cushecunam as the next stage. Best gives Candahen (Qandahar), Seriabe (Calabiche), Deabage (?), Cusheman (Purchas, iv. 124). Tavernier gives Candehar, Koiskieno (Cashecuman), Griche (Girishk). Calabiche appears to be the Kala Bist of modern maps. » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ vol. 2 p. 265 Qal`a Sabzi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079352 coordinate: lat 34.415556 long 45.505278 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`a Sabzi , Qal`eh Sabz , Qal`eh Sabzi , Qal`eh-ye Sabzi , Qal`eh-ye Sabzi-ye Sofla , VARIANT names: Kaleh Sabzi , Qal`a Sabzi , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Sabzi « At 8 miles Kachkachtā. At 10 miles a stream of brackish water is crossed. On the spur above is Kāleh Sabzi, a mud and stone fort manned by the Governor of Qasr-i-Shirin. A Persian customs house is situat-ed on the eastern slope of the hill on which Käleh Sabzi stands. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 149 Qal`ah-ye Surkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 9102053 coordinate: lat 31.732864 long 64.59442 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`ah-ye Surkh , Razvaliny Kalayi-Surkh , قلعه سرخ , VARIANT names: Qal`ah-ye Surkh , Qal`eh `Asgar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079101 coordinate: lat 29.525611 long 56.671258 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh `Asgar , Qal`eh `Askar , Qal`eh-i-Asghar , Qal`eh-ye `Askar , قلعه عسگر , VARIANT names: Qal`eh `Asgar , Qal`eh Asadabad : arch. site IRN NIMA/GNS names: Asadabad , Qal`eh Asadabad , قلعه اسد آباد , VARIANT names: Qal`eh Asadabad , Qal`eh Bikui : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3056410 coordinate: lat 27.917137 long 55.248706 NIMA/GNS names: Bekhuyeh-ye `Olya , Bekhuyeh-ye Sofla , Benjuyeh , Bikhooyeh , Bikhu , Bikhuyeh , Bikhuyeh-ye `Olya , Bikhuyeh-ye Sofla , Bikuyeh , Qal`eh Bikui , Qal`eh-e Bikubi , Qal`eh-e Biku'i , بیخویه , VARIANT names: Qal`eh Bikui , Qal`eh Fakhr od Din : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3746101 coordinate: lat 27.4897 long 53.0272 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Fakhr od Din , Qal`eh-e Ka Fakhr od Din , قلعه فخر الدین , VARIANT names: Qal`eh Fakhr od Din , Qal`eh Husainiyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3067044 coordinate: lat 32.681949 long 48.246442 Supplement: caravanserai not located NIMA/GNS names: Hoseymieh , Hoseyniyeh , Hoseyniyeh-ye `Olya , Hoseyniyeh-ye Khoda Dad , Qal`eh Husainiyeh , حسینیه , VARIANT names: Kaleh Husainiyeh , Qal`eh Husainiyeh , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Husainiyeh « Kaleh-Husainiyeh has a caravansaras in ruins. From this point a track diverges to Khurramābād via Qilābo (Route No. 40). » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 147 ※ SOURCE for Qal`eh Husainiyeh « 23 Qal'ah Huseiniyeh (alt. 1,050 ft.); caravanserai in ruins. Water plentiful, grazing good, fuel scarce. No supplies except such as can be obtained from nomads, if any are in the neighbourhood. » #3521 A Handbook of Mesopotamia, Volume II, Irak, The Lower Kārūn, and Luristan, Admiralty and War Office, London, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 263 Qal`eh Kalun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLX UFI: -3071884 coordinate: lat 28.26876 long 53.982601 NIMA/GNS names: Kalun , Kolun , Kolun Pa'in , Kolun-e Pa'in , Qal`eh Kalun , Qal`eh-i-Kalum , قلعه كلون , كالون , کلون , کلون پائین , VARIANT names: Kaleh Kalün , Qal`eh Kalun , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Kalün « 17 CHAH TALKH 15 m. General direction for the first 4 miles is N.-E. The road 2014 m. runs due north of a mile to the square fort of Kaleh Kalün » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 175 Qal`eh Khani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 13903517 coordinate: lat 31.919424 long 50.884633 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Khani , قلعه خانی , VARIANT names: Qal`eh Khani , Qal`eh Lashtun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3758667 coordinate: lat 26.626253 long 54.861094 NIMA/GNS names: Darvay-e Nahsu , Kul-i-Lashtun , Qal`eh Lashtun , Qal`eh-ye Lashtan , Qal`eh-ye Lashtavon , دَروايِ نَحسو , قلعه لشتاون , VARIANT names: Kaleh-Lestan , Lashtan fortress , Leshtan , Leshtan Castle , Qal`eh Lashtun , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh-Lestan « At the back of the rising ground, 5 or 6 miles to north-westward of the place, rises a detached hill, an outlier of the same formation, to a height of 600 feet. It has precipitous sides. There is narrow difficult path up to the top, which is covered with ruins, and many water-cisterns to catch rain-water-more than a hundred, we are told of the usual description; they are oblong excavations in the ground, cemented inside, and have arched roofs to prevent evaporation, which have mostly fallen in, and choked the cisterns. They are common all along the coast at the present day. The ruins were mere mounds, and no inscriptions could be found. The path up has been fortified, and wails built along the edge of the cliffs where at all practicabin Nothing seems to be known of its origin. It is now called Kaleh-Lestan. » #570 Stiffe, A. W., Former Trading Centres of the Persian Gulf. V. Kung, The Geographical Journal, London, 1899 (Mar.), 13:3:294-7 ~ p. 295 ※ SOURCE for Lashtan fortress « Facilities on the third route: 1. The fortress of the city of Lashtan (fig. 6): The fortress of Lashtan was actually the main monitoring headquarters overseeing maritime traffic along the northern coasts of the Persian Gulf. It is perhaps the most remarkable security installation dating to the period of the Lärestän Emirate. The outstanding features of this fortress have previously not been fully described, and some of its photos are presented here for the first time. This fortress was the linchpin of the Lärestän Emirs' power over the trade routes converging on the Hormūz Strait. From the top of this fortress, located eight kilometers from the coast, maritime traffic on the Persian Gulf was overseen. In the picture, you can see that after rain, when haze and dust are washed from the air, the coast of the Persian Gulf, now known as Bandar-e Kong (fig. 7), is easily visible from the top of the fortress. » #3350 Mohammad-Bāgher Vosoughi, Welfare and Security Establishments on the Hormūz Strait: Lārestān Caravan Routes between the Fourteenth and Sixteenth Centuries CE, in: ed. Roderich Ptak and Ralph Kauz, Asian Sea Straits Functions and History (c. 500 to 1700), Orientierungen: Zeitschrift zur Kultur Asiens, , 2015, pp. 86-109 ~ pp. 98-99 ※ SOURCE for Leshtan « The delay however could be utilized for a survey of a remarkable ruined fastness known as Leshtun. About 5 miles to the north of the town there rises in a desolate landscape of eroded sandstone terraces a large Mesa to a height of about zoo feet. Its southern face falls off with vertical cliffs overhung in places by a crust of cretaceous sandstone. The rest almost equally steep is crowned with high walls of rough stones set in mortar. Access to the stronghold is gained from a narrow ravine on the north by a difficult path leading to the single gate. The whole of the rocky ground within is honeycombed with dwellings and cisterns cut into the sandstone or else covered with crumbling walls of domed structures. A very striking feature is the large number of cisterns, some seventy in all, all originally vaulted, either oval or circular, the greatest measuring no less than 118 feet in length. Protracted occupation of the stronghold is proved by a number of cemeteries, with closely packed graves cut into the rock, and by the plentiful abundance of pottery debris. The types of decorated ceramic ware make it probable that occupation started early in the Muhammadan period and lasted down to late mediaeval times. » #831 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological Reconnaissances in Southern Persia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1934 (Feb), 83:2:119-34 ~ p. 131 ※ SOURCE for Leshtan Castle « The date of construction of this castle goes back to the 9th century of Hijri. Leshtan Castle has played an important role in local wars in the past. During the period of Portuguese power over the Persian Gulf, they built a fort on the shore of the Bandarlange sea in the vicinity of this fort and placed their command and command headquarters. » online reference link [accessed 01 May 2024] Also known asLashton Fortess Qal`eh Madreseh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 14707126 coordinate: lat 31.829883 long 50.040126 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Madreseh , قلعه مدرسه , VARIANT names: Qal`eh Madreseh , Qaleh Madrasseh , ※ SOURCE for Qaleh Madrasseh « DEH DIZ QALEH MADRASSEH, 7 hours.Easy road to Pul-i-Godar (five hours). Chaikhaneh on bridge. Good camping-ground. Fairly good road (uphill) to Qaleh Madrasseh. (Ruined caravanserai, first-rate grassy camping-ground.) Height at Pul-i-Godar, 2320 feet. » #3530 Vita Sackville West, Twelve Days An Account of a Journey Across the Bakhtiari Mountains in South-Western Persia, Doubleday, Doran and Co.,, 1928 ~ p. 140 Qal`eh Muhammad `Ali Khan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079274 coordinate: lat 35.2528 long 50.98068 NIMA/GNS names: Mohammad `Ali Khan , Qal`eh Muhammad `Ali Khan , Qal`eh-ye Mohammad `Ali Khan , قلعۀ محمد علی خان , VARIANT names: Qal`eh Muhammad `Ali Khan , Qaleh yi Mahomet Ali Khan , ※ SOURCE for Qaleh yi Mahomet Ali Khan « Qaleh yi Mahomet Ali Khan, which is only about the size of its name, was the scene of the longest process of * hooking in ' that I had yet been favoured with, and our driver was both insolent and lazy ; » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ pp. 298-9 Qal`eh Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079296 coordinate: lat 28.4346 long 56.1732 NIMA/GNS names: Mazar , Qal`eh Now , Qal`eh-ye Now , قلعه نو , VARIANT names: Qal`eh Now , Qal`eh Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3779811 coordinate: lat 35.436667 long 59.236667 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Now , VARIANT names: Qal`eh Now , Qal`eh Razah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080968 coordinate: lat 32.787224 long 48.147455 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Razah , Qal`eh Razeh , Qal`eh Riza , Qal`eh-i-Riza , Qal`eh-ye Razeh , Razeh , قلعه رزه , VARIANT names: Kaleh Riza , Qal`eh Razah , Qal'ah Riza , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Riza « Kaleh Rizā has a ruined sarai and telegraph office. The valley is occupied in cold weather by the Baharwand tribe.Camping ground. A good camp in the valley of Kül Hüni mile south of the sarai, from which it is hidden by low hills. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 147 ※ SOURCE for Qal'ah Riza « 24 General direction to Qal'ah Riza, NW. Cross deep valley of the Tiktik Ab with difficult ascent and descent. Then over Tashmal hills; cross a succession of difficult ridges and ravines. » #3521 A Handbook of Mesopotamia, Volume II, Irak, The Lower Kārūn, and Luristan, Admiralty and War Office, London, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 263 Qal`eh Safid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3198074 coordinate: lat 34.450631 long 49.268903 NIMA/GNS names: Mazra`eh-ye Bolaghlar , Qal`eh Safid , Qal`eh Sefidi , قَلعِه سَفيد , مزرعه بلاغ لار , VARIANT names: Kaleh Sa'id , Qal`eh Safid , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Sa'id « At 10 miles, continuing the descent, the ruined village Käleh Sa id, containing 4 or 5 houses, is passed. To the left over the hills is a road which leads to Kundab. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 239 Qal`eh Saiyid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079372 coordinate: lat 27.5954 long 52.8588 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Saiyid , Qal`eh-ye Seyyed , Seyyed , قلعه سید , VARIANT names: Qal`eh Saiyid , Qal`eh Sargah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079366 coordinate: lat 27.7311 long 52.6291 NIMA/GNS names: Qal eh-ye Sarkeh , Qal`eh Sargah , Qal`eh-ye Saga , Qal`eh-ye Sargah , Sargah , سرگاه , قلعه سرگاه , VARIANT names: Kaaleh Sageh , Kaleh Sageh , Qal`eh Sargah , ※ SOURCE for Kaaleh Sageh « At 11 miles 6 furlongs the village of Kaaleh Sageh. Many houses in ruins; 70 to 80 only inhabited, built of mud and stone, surrounding a fort of similar construction. Date trees are scattered around, about the village, and among the ruins. At the south-east end of the village is a large irrigation well, water good for drinking, but very slightly brackish. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 14 ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Sageh « At 11 miles 6 furlongs the village of Kaleh Sageh. Many houses in ruins; 70 to 80 only inhabited, built of mud and stone, surrounding a fort of similar construction. Date trees are scattered around, about the village, and among the ruins. At the S.-E. end of the village is a large irrigation well, water good for drinking but very slightly brackish. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 186 Qal`eh Sefid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3196626 coordinate: lat 30.15 long 51.6 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Safid , Qal`eh Sefid , VARIANT names: Qal`eh Sefid , Qal`eh-i- Qasim : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079325 coordinate: lat 32.607673 long 48.318957 NIMA/GNS names: Ghal`eh Ghasem Khan , Qal`eh Qasem , Qal`eh-i- Qasim , Qal`eh-ye Qasem , Qal`eh-ye Qassem , Qal'eh Qasem , قلعه قاسم , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-i- Qasim , ※ SOURCE for Qal`eh-i- Qasim « 10 The plain becomes more stony and rises gently. Track crosses many dry water-courses. A few miles to W. of it is a detached hill called Qal'ah Qasim. » #3521 A Handbook of Mesopotamia, Volume II, Irak, The Lower Kārūn, and Luristan, Admiralty and War Office, London, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 262 Qal`eh-i-Bahman Faridun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3196373 coordinate: lat 28.283333 long 55.216667 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-i-Bahman Faridun , Qal`eh-ye Bahman Fereydun , قلعۀ بهمن فريدون , VARIANT names: Kala'h Bahman , Kaleh Bahman , Qal`eh-i-Bahman Faridun , ※ SOURCE for Kala'h Bahman « Left at 7-30 A. M. After going 3 miles, came to a hill on the right, on which were the remains of a ruined castle, and at the foot of it a number of mounds and other signs of a town. The place is known as the Kala'h Bahman.The hill is some 180 feet high, and, together with the ruins about its foot, covers a considerable amount of ground. All over the hill facing the east are ruins of towers and walls, built of rough, unhewn stones and lime. To the west it is quite precipitous, and is only guarded by a wall, which follows the line of the crest from the flanking walls. This wall is terminated at its southern end by a large tower. Just below it is a large and deep chasm; this was in all probability a well. Near it is an excavation in the rock and hill-side, built up with stones and mortar, where it was necessary; 18 yards by 7; this was a large tank. In front of this again is a small conical hill, upon which was a small house of four rooms, the front one looking east, being 21 feet long by 10 wide, and the three back ones about 10 feet square. Around the foot of the hill are the remains of a wall of stones and mortar, similar to that on it; beyond this wall again, but starting from the same point at the northern end of the hill, is a wall which encircles the whole base of the hill at a distance of some 400 yards; it rejoins the defences of the hill at a bastion on a spur at the southern end. In this enclosed space are many mounds of various sizes, and one larger than the others; apparently has had a wall of its own to protect it. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ pp. 15-16 ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Bahman « which continues to 16¼ miles, where there is a hill on the left of the road on which are the remains of a ruined castle and at the foot of it a number of mounds and other signs of a town. The place is known as the Kaleh Bahman. The hill is some 180 feet high and together with the ruins about its foot, covers a considerable amount of ground. All over the hill facing the east are ruins of towers and walls, built of rough uneven stones and lime. To the west it is quite precipitous, and is only guarded by a wall, which follows the line of the crest from the flanking walls. The wall is terminated at its southern end by a large tower. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 495 Qal`eh-i-Nau : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079297 coordinate: lat 28.477547 long 53.416346 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Now , Qal`eh-i-Nau , Qal`eh-ye Now , قلعه نو , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-i-Nau , ※ SOURCE for Qal`eh-i-Nau « Qal`eh-i-Nau » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Qal`eh-i-Qazi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079327 coordinate: lat 27.44639 long 56.545816 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-i-Qazi , Qal`eh-ye Qazi , Qal'eh Qazi , Qal'eh Qazi , Qal'eh Qazi-ye Bala , قلئه قازئ بالا , قلئه قازی , قلعه قاضی , VARIANT names: Kalah-i-kazi , Kalah-i-Qazi , Qal`eh-i-Qazi , ※ SOURCE for Kalah-i-kazi « For the first 50 miles we passed along and from the sea-coast, in a direction somewhat east of north-east, through a plain country intersected by streams from the neighbouring mountains, very sparsely populated, and containing widely separated patches of wheat or barley cultivation, here and there a field of thriving henna, with occasional date groves. "Kálah-i-kázi " (the Kazi's Fort) and a village named "Takht-i-kushkoh" formed exceptions to the general rule of solitariness; » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 65 ※ SOURCE for Kalah-i-Qazi « Our second day took us from Baghu to Kalah-i-Qazi a pleasant ride, now through cultivated date-gardena, now across long stretches of stony "river-bed", lying fan-like at the foot of the mountains, » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 2 Qal`eh-ye Ab Diz : arch. site IRN (diz) NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Shahad , Qal`eh-i-Ab-i-Diz , Qal`eh-ye Ab Diz , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Ab Diz , Qal`eh-ye Ajoru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10734540 coordinate: lat 29.16903 long 58.152257 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Ajoru , قلعه آجرو , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Ajoru , Qal`eh-ye Aliabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10801552 coordinate: lat 28.438164 long 54.263471 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye `Aliabad , قلعه علی آباد , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Aliabad , Qal`eh-ye Amir Qoli Khan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 14429962 coordinate: lat 31.792548 long 49.712465 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Amir Qoli Khan , قلعه امیر قلی خان , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Amir Qoli Khan , Qal`eh-ye Amiri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: -3759543 coordinate: lat 29.5299 long 52.5715 NIMA/GNS names: Amiri , Qal`eh-ye Amiri , قلعه امیری , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Amiri , Qal`eh-ye Arg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 13907072 coordinate: lat 27.893545 long 53.921391 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Arg , قلعه ارگ , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Arg , Qal'a Asman , Qal`eh-ye Chah-e Rashid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10161598 coordinate: lat 34.4667 long 49.4843 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Chah-e Rashid , قلعه چاه رشید , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Chah-e Rashid , Qal`eh-ye Dabiran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3058934 coordinate: lat 28.7012 long 54.556429 NIMA/GNS names: Dabiran , Dabiran , Dabirun , Dabran , Qal`eh-ye Dabiran , دبیران , قلعه دبیران , VARIANT names: Karwan-sarai, , Masjid-i-sang , Qal`eh-ye Dabiran , Qasr-i-dukhtar , ※ SOURCE for Karwan-sarai, « On March 28th I left Nakhsh-i-Rustam for a closer examination of the rock- cut shrine called variously Qasr-i-dukhtar, Masjid-i-sang, or Kārwān-sarai, to which I had taken the opportunity of paying a visit the day before. It is situated about 3 miles to the east at the very end of the ridge at the foot of which rises the spring of Nakhsh-i-Rustam. Quite a number of smaller springs were passed on the way to the shrine. This was first visited by Sir William Ouseley in 1811; » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 196 ※ SOURCE for Masjid-i-sang « On March 28th I left Nakhsh-i-Rustam for a closer examination of the rock- cut shrine called variously Qasr-i-dukhtar, Masjid-i-sang, or Kārwān-sarai, to which I had taken the opportunity of paying a visit the day before. It is situated about 3 miles to the east at the very end of the ridge at the foot of which rises the spring of Nakhsh-i-Rustam. Quite a number of smaller springs were passed on the way to the shrine. This was first visited by Sir William Ouseley in 1811; » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 196 ※ SOURCE for Qasr-i-dukhtar « On March 28th I left Nakhsh-i-Rustam for a closer examination of the rock- cut shrine called variously Qasr-i-dukhtar, Masjid-i-sang, or Kārwān-sarai, to which I had taken the opportunity of paying a visit the day before. It is situated about 3 miles to the east at the very end of the ridge at the foot of which rises the spring of Nakhsh-i-Rustam. Quite a number of smaller springs were passed on the way to the shrine. This was first visited by Sir William Ouseley in 1811; » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 196 Qal`eh-ye Dahya : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 10401626 coordinate: lat 28.6909 long 54.478 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Dahya , قلعه دهیا , VARIANT names: Darabgerd , Darabgird , Kala'h Darab , Kaleh Darab , Qal`eh-ye Dahya , ※ SOURCE for Darabgerd « The historical town of Darabgerd, which is located six km to the south of Darab in Fars Province, was among a handful of towns in Pars Province during the Achemenid Empire. » ※ SOURCE for Darabgird « On March 26th we left Dārābgird and proceeded NE. to visit the great rock sculpture known as Nakhsh-i-Rustam. For about 3 miles we followed the road leading to the town of Darab, and near where it approaches a gap in an outer hill chain we continued to follow the foot of the latter eastwards past cultivation for another 3 miles. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 194 ※ SOURCE for Kala'h Darab « 3-20 came in sight of the Kala'h Daráb, a garden above the town under the Kuh-i-Ma'adan. Soon after- wards, passing between two small hills, came on to the town, where we arrived at 4-30 P.M., and got to the above Kala'b, passing first through the whole length of the town at 4-45 ?.?. Distance 24 miles » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 8 ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Darab « There are said to be 180 streams in all on the plain. At 10½ miles the road passes the Kaleh Dārāb, a circular moat nearly one mile in diameter, which surrounds a rock en-circled by a high mound. Nothing but mounds and ruins in the last stage of decay remain. The moat, which is about 90 feetbroad and very decp, is full of fresh water belted with tall rushes.The road then runs through a small village, containing a small imāmzadeh, and continues through opium cultivation.» #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 68 Qal`eh-ye Dam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10433927 coordinate: lat 28.643743 long 54.795551 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Dam , قلعه دم , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Dam , Qal`eh-ye Dez : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10080518 coordinate: lat 32.7552 long 48.4167 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Dez , Qal`eh-ye Dez , Qal`eh-ye Dez Do , Qal`eh-ye Dozdu , Qalmab , قلعه دز , قلعه دز دو , VARIANT names: Qal`eh Dez , Qal`eh-ye Dez , ※ SOURCE for Qal`eh Dez « Qal`eh Dez » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} map III-12-A Qal`eh-ye Dokhtar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 15050868 coordinate: lat 28.699452 long 54.593041 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Dokhtar , قلعه دختر , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Dokhtar , Qal`eh-ye Dokhtar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 10379755 coordinate: lat 28.9209 long 52.5301 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Dokhtar , قلعه دختر , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Dokhtar , ※ SOURCE for Qal`eh-ye Dokhtar « QALʿA-YE DO?TAR, a vast barrier fortress with a lofty palace of royal dimensions, built by the founder of the Sasanian empire, Ardašir I Pāpakān before his decisive victory against the last Parthian king in 224 CE (FIGURE 1). It is built on a high spur of rock above a bend of the Tang-āb gorge, which is the main access point to the plain of Firuzābād from central Fārs. It is mentioned by earlier travelers (see Curzon, II, p. 228, n. 2), but Ernst Herzfeld (1926, pp. 252-52; idem, 1935, p. 95) was the first to recognize the correct layout of the fortress. Aurel Stein provided a more comprehensive description with a good topographic map of the palace, but he misunderstood the outline of the palace, and his interpretation of the building was not accurate (Stein, pp. 123-27). The site was surveyed in 1966 and 1972 on behalf of the German Archeological Institute. Between 1975 and 1977, excavations were carried out in preparation for a UNESCO restoration program on behalf of the Department of Conservation of Archeological Sites and National Monuments (Edāra-ye koll-e ḥefāẓat-e ā?ār-e bāstāni wa banāhā-ye tāri?-i; Huff, 1969-70; 1971; 1973; 1976; 1978; 1983-84; 1993; Gignoux). » at online reference link Qal`eh-ye Eram : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10434226 coordinate: lat 28.655268 long 54.638951 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Eram , قلعه ارم , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Eram , Qal`eh-ye Fathabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10801762 coordinate: lat 28.175287 long 54.055058 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Fathabad , قلعه فتح آباد , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Fathabad , Qal`eh-ye Hamzeh Khani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 10379031 coordinate: lat 28.3728 long 52.5572 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Hamzeh Khani , قلعه حمزه خانی , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Hamzeh Khani , Qal`eh-ye Hasanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 10391645 coordinate: lat 28.5715 long 53.1938 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Hasanabad , قلعه حسن آباد , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Hasanabad , Qal`eh-ye Hoseynabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10394548 coordinate: lat 29.2645 long 53.1032 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Hoseynabad , قلعه حسین آباد , VARIANT names: Housenabad , Huseinabad , Qal`eh-ye Hoseynabad , ※ SOURCE for Housenabad « Housenabad » in {map#1192 in #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ fig. Map showing road from Shiraz to Jashk sheet 1} ※ SOURCE for Huseinabad « 3-50 P.M. passed the village of Huseinábád. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 3 Qal`eh-ye Karimi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 13892167 coordinate: lat 28.299399 long 53.987195 Supplement: true position 243m at heading 39° NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Karimi , قلعه کریمی , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Karimi , Qal`eh-ye Khalifeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079228 coordinate: lat 34.154271 long 48.863812 NIMA/GNS names: Moslehan , Qal`eh , Qal`eh Khalifeh , Qal`eh-ye Khalifeh , قلعه خلیفه , مصلحان , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Khalifeh , Qal`eh-ye Lar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 13836532 coordinate: lat 27.685587 long 54.33348 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Lar , قلعه لار , VARIANT names: Azhdeha Peykar Castle , Ejdeha Peykar castle , Ezhdahā Peykar , Qal`eh-ye Lar , ※ SOURCE for Azhdeha Peykar Castle wikipedia online reference link [accessed 05 Mar 2024] ※ SOURCE for Ezhdahā Peykar « 3. Ezhdahā Peykar ا?دها پیکر stronghold in Lar (fig. 5): One of the biggest and most important intelligence and security facilities on the Hormūz Strait route is the Ezhdahā Peykar Stronghold in Lār, which was also built during the reign of the Lärestän Emirate. Built on a hilltop beside the city, the fortress has all the facilities for sus-taining life, including water reservoirs, houses, irrigation systems, a mosque, and a gathering place, making it perfect for defense. When it was in active use, the fortress could accommodate all the residents of the city and its conquest by an enemy was highly unlikely. The local people even believed it to be protected by an ancient magic Kiani charm?? » #3350 Mohammad-Bāgher Vosoughi, Welfare and Security Establishments on the Hormūz Strait: Lārestān Caravan Routes between the Fourteenth and Sixteenth Centuries CE, in: ed. Roderich Ptak and Ralph Kauz, Asian Sea Straits Functions and History (c. 500 to 1700), Orientierungen: Zeitschrift zur Kultur Asiens, , 2015, pp. 86-109 ~ p. 98 ※ SOURCE for Qal`eh-ye Lar « The captain of the fortress requested that the Ambassador go up to see said fortress, a request with which he complied the next morning. The ascent was steep and long. The fortress covers the whole mountaintop, which is oval in shape. The wall is made of lime and stone, as on the old fortresses in Spain dur- ing the time of the Moors. [text blacked out] It has crenellated parapets with small loopholes from which harquebuses can be fired, but no suitable place where a half-pounder can be fired or discharged; [fol. 208r] thus the position of the fortress is its only strong point. It also has a good deal of open space and a well, which provides a great amount of drinking water of fairly good quality in times of need, even though it is only 200 fathoms deep. The captain took the Ambassador to see a beautiful, soaring tower built on an angle of the wall; it overlooks the city on the side of the ascent that leads up to the fortress. According to the captain, the king ordered that another low wall be built at the foot of the tower to prevent enemy forces from mining it, seeing how they could draw up right next to it under the cover of the houses most of the way, and the rest of the way by digging a trench. But this seemed to be a needless project, because even if the tower were undermined and collapsed, the re- maining cliff would be so sheer and abrupt [text blacked out] [superscript: that it would be nearly] as tall as the tower itself. Moreover, the ground between the tower and the houses there are is so craggy and hard that it would be impos- sible to excavate there or construct any defensive works. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ pp. 311-2 Qal`eh-ye Madraseh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3823351 coordinate: lat 31.487656 long 50.554501 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Madraseh , قلعه مدرسه , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Madraseh , Qal`eh-ye Madreseh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3079254 coordinate: lat 31.766793 long 49.649768 NIMA/GNS names: Ghal'eh Madreseh , Qal`eh-ye Madraseh , Qal`eh-ye Madreseh , قلعه مدرسه , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Madreseh , Qal`eh-ye Mahnu'iyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 398477 coordinate: lat 28.9131 long 56.6008 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Mahnu'iyeh , Qal`eh-ye Manu'iyeh , قلعه مانوئیه , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Mahnu'iyeh , Qal`eh-ye Malekabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 13845087 coordinate: lat 28.019852 long 54.164867 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Malekabad , قلعه ملک آباد , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Malekabad , Qal`eh-ye Mehdiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10734539 coordinate: lat 29.182038 long 58.097645 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Mehdiabad , قلعه مهدی آباد , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Mehdiabad , Qal`eh-ye Mian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10734541 coordinate: lat 29.167232 long 58.164911 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Mian , قلعه میان , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Mian , Qal`eh-ye Murcheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 259697 coordinate: lat 30.5015 long 53.2055 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Murcheh , Qal`eh-ye Murcheh , قلعه مورچه , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Murcheh , Qal`eh-ye Nasrabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: -3076648 coordinate: lat 28.8464 long 53.357 NIMA/GNS names: Nasrabad , Qal`eh-ye Nasrabad , قلعه نصر آباد , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Nasrabad , Qal`eh-ye Nazeh : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.434976 long 47.37842 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Nazeh , قلعه نزه , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Nazeh , Qal`eh-ye Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10443793 coordinate: lat 28.4157 long 56.1768 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Now , قلعه نو , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Now , Qal`eh-ye Parian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 180190 coordinate: lat 28.460556 long 53.045278 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Parian , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Parian , Qal'a-i-Parian , ※ SOURCE for Qal'a-i-Parian « About half a mile to the east of Qir village and the date-palm groves which surround it there rises a high and conspicuous mound, crowned by a massive fort, reconstructed by Saulat-ud-Dauleh, to serve his hold over the tract all owned by Qashqai chiefs. It is known as Qal'a-i-Parian. A large palace-like structure within, which the Ilkhāni had built for his own use, and the quarters around intended for his armed host mark the fort as one of the chief halting-places on those seasonal moves which Saulat-ud-Dauleh was accustomed to share year by year with his semi-nomadic tribesmen. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 131 Qal`eh-ye Posht-e Band : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 10391161 coordinate: lat 28.0011 long 53.2946 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Posht-e Band , قلعه پشت بند , VARIANT names: Pashband Castle , Qal`eh-ye Posht-e Band , Qal`eh-ye Qadimi Deh Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HSTS UFI: 13845096 coordinate: lat 28.037322 long 54.066722 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Qadimi Deh Now , قلعه قدیمی ده نو , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Qadimi Deh Now , Qal`eh-ye Qadimi-ye Qeysar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 13845094 coordinate: lat 28.084378 long 54.059618 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Qadimi-ye Qeysar , قلعه قدیمی قیصر , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Qadimi-ye Qeysar , Qal`eh-ye Qasemabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10069481 coordinate: lat 28.7669 long 53.847 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Qasemabad , قلعه قاسم آباد , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Qasemabad , Qal`eh-ye Robat Sorkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3840807 coordinate: lat 33.012426 long 51.794328 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Robat Sorkh , Robat Sorkh , رباط سرخ , قلعه رباط سرخ , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Robat Sorkh , Qal`eh-ye Sadrabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10069471 coordinate: lat 28.8296 long 53.8137 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Sadrabad , قلعه صدر آباد , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Sadrabad , Qal`eh-ye Salasel : arch. site IRN (fort) Supplement: actual location 180m heading 45° NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Salasel , قلعه سلاسل , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Salasel , Qal`eh-ye Sangi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 15342542 coordinate: lat 31.71964027 long 51.98230487 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Sangi , قلعه سنگی , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Sangi , Qal`eh-ye Sefid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 10379035 coordinate: lat 28.3627 long 52.5657 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Sefid , قلعه سفید , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Sefid , Qal`eh-ye Shahbazabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10382412 coordinate: lat 31.2266 long 52.541 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Shahbazabad , قلعه شهباز آباد , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Shahbazabad , Qal`eh-ye Shamluk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079385 coordinate: lat 34.46 long 45.555833 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Shahmuri , Qal`eh-ye Samboluk , Qal`eh-ye Shah Moluk , Qal`eh-ye Shamboluk , Qal`eh-ye Shamluk , VARIANT names: Kaleh Shamilik , Qal`eh-ye Shamluk , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Shamilik « At 15 miles Käleh Shamilik, a hamlet of reed huts with Sinjabi road guards whence Qasr-i-Shirin is sighted and also the Hulyan river, which latter is reached at 16 miles. The river here is 30 yards wide and fordable. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 149 Qal`eh-ye Sheykh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10389253 coordinate: lat 27.1214 long 53.3448 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Sheykh , قلعه شیخ , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Sheykh , Qal`eh-ye Tal-e Zahak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 10069619 coordinate: lat 28.910991 long 53.66697 NIMA/GNS names: Mantaqeh-ye Bastani-ye Tall-e Zahhak , Qal`eh-ye Tal-e Zahak , قلعه تل ضحاک , منطقه باستانی تل ضحاک , VARIANT names: Kaleh Zohauk , Qal`eh-ye Tal-e Zahak , Tal-i-Zohak , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Zohauk [mound is located 200m due east of these coordinates.PBR] « On the 22nd March I quitted Fessa, after a friendly greeting from the Governor, whose kindness and courtesy I shall long remember. We proceeded at once towards the Kaleh Zohauk, situated at 2 miles south of Fessa: the site is a high, artificial mound of soft earth, surrounded at some distance by the remains of a broad ditch. The area within is strewn with stones and fragments of brick and pottery, and is now partly under cultivation. To the S.E. and s. low mounds of earth, stones, and bricks, show that the town extended beyond the ditch in that direction. The place is reputed to have been the residence of Zohauk, a prince in whose history much Persian fable has been introduced; but I could learn no further particulars of its previous annals. From the mound I obtained the following bearings :- Fort of Fessá 330° 1½ miles distant. Village of Fessá 335° 2 miles distant. Village of Benian 345° 2½ miles distant. Village of Kehnakú 5° 2 miles distant. Village of Desht Ahmed 15° ¾ miles distant. Village of Kheirabad 45° ½ miles distant. Village of Kúshkh-e-Kazin 30 ° 1½ miles distant. Village of Deh Desteh 170° 1 miles distant. Village of Harúm 95° 2 miles distant. Village of Sehrarúd 135° 3 miles distant. Village of Mahomedabad 125° 3½ miles distant. Village of Chuggat 270 ° 2 miles distant Mountain of Sallú, at the foot of which rises a spring depositin salt, 305°, 4 miles distant. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 154 ※ SOURCE for Tal-i-Zohak « I lost no time in moving my camp by December 31st to the conspicuous mound known as Tal-i-Zohāk which we had already sighted from the height of the Mil-i-Qāzi pass (Fig. 9). It rises close to the village of Khairābād, about 2 miles south of Fasā town, and is situated amidst cultivated ground which like the latter itself receives water solely from qanāts. It did not take me long to realize that the roughly rectangular area strewn with debris represents the old site of Fasa town such as it existed down to medieval times. It measures, as the Plan 5 shows, about 900 by 600 yards, and within its eastern corner rises the mound. A depression of varying width, but clearly traceable throughout and now used for cultiva- tion, marks a fosse enclosing this area, and within it are low terraces marking probably the position where more substantial structures had once stood and left their debris. Similar low terraces could also be seen rising amidst fields for distances up to half a mile outside the fosse to the east and south. That the site within the fosse had been occupied down to medieval times ... . » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 137 Qal`eh-ye Tarikestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: -3197257 coordinate: lat 29.159587 long 58.164689 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Tarikestan , Tarikastan , Tarikestan , تاريكستان , تريكستان , قلعه تاریکستان , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Tarikestan , Qal`eh-ye Tasmeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10115695 coordinate: lat 33.1887 long 47.3208 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Tasmeh , قلعه تسمه , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Tasmeh , Qala-i-Tasma , ※ SOURCE for Qala-i-Tasma « Finally, recrossing the Sikūn stream and moving west-north-west across the cultivated plateau, I visited the very steep conical hillock, rising to more than 100 feet, known as Qala-i-Tasma from a hamlet situated near by at the foot of a gypsum spur. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 210 Qal`eh-ye Ti Tah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10069612 coordinate: lat 28.9828 long 53.6446 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Ti Tah , قلعه تی ته , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Ti Tah , Qal`eh-ye Tol : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079412 coordinate: lat 31.632419 long 49.889851 NIMA/GNS names: Ghal`eh Tal , Qal`eh Tall , Qal`eh-e Tol , Qal`eh-i-Tul , Qal`eh-ye Tol , Qal`eh-ye Tul , Qal'eh Tol , Rusta-ye Qal`eh Tal , قلعه تل , VARIANT names: Kal'eh Tul , Kale'h Tul , Qal`eh-ye Tol , ※ SOURCE for Kal'eh Tul « Kal'eh Tul » in {map#1363 in #3538 Captain H. E. Wells, Surveying Tours in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, vol. 5:no. 3:pp. 138-163 ~ fig. map to accompany article} ※ SOURCE for Kale'h Tul « I resumed my journey, and crossed at 1 P. M. the Abi-Zerd at the base of the mount above described.At 2 P. M. we ascended a hill, and in half-an-hour came down on the plain of Kale'h Túl,(1) which place I reached at 3 P. M.fn. 1 Tul, i. e., Long. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 655 Qal`eh-ye Zaman-e Big : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 12610115 coordinate: lat 28.96258 long 56.54321 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Zaman-e Big , قلعه زمان بيگ , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Zaman-e Big , Qal`eh-ye Zeynal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: 10115710 coordinate: lat 33.1968 long 47.3611 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Zeynal , قلعه زینل , VARIANT names: Qal`eh-ye Zeynal , Qal'a-i-Sadiqan , Zainal , ※ SOURCE for Qal'a-i-Sadiqan « Further down, and not far from a bend of the Saimareh river, there was to be seen on a high terra??, some 400 yards across, a modern fort with mud-built walls called Zainal or Qal'a-i-Sadiqan. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 210 ※ SOURCE for Zainal « Further down, and not far from a bend of the Saimareh river, there was to be seen on a high terra??, some 400 yards across, a modern fort with mud-built walls called Zainal or Qal'a-i-Sadiqan. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 210 Qal'a Atabakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.775223 long 49.834642 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qal'a Atabakan , ※ SOURCE for Qal'a Atabakan « Halāfihān may perhaps be better equated with the old stone building at Haliāgān sometimes called Qal'a Atabakan. This is located 7.2 km, south-west of Malamîr/Izeh at the entrance to the level gap which leads into the plain of Izeh from that direction (fig. 1). Qal'a Atabakan was seen by Layard in 1840 (5) and mentioned in the accounts of later travellers, but it has never been identified with the madrasa of Halafihän.The writer visited the ruin at Haliāgān on 28 April 1966 and took measure-ments at that time. The building forms a square extending approximately 30 m. on each side. A circular courtyard is located at its centre. A large depression within this court, now much filled with debris, may once have served as a water basin. The walls of the structure are of stone rubble bound by gypsum mortar (plate 1).fn. 5 H. A. Layard, 'A description of the province of Khuzistan', JRGS, XVI, 1, 1846, 74. » #1254 Hansman, J. F., Three Topographical Problems in the Southern Zagros, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, 1973, 36:1:43-54 ~ p. 44 Qala Salih : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3109440 coordinate: lat 31.5158333 long 47.3080556 NIMA/GNS names: Kala Salih , Kalaat Saleh , Kale Sale , Qal`at Salih , Qala Salih , Qalat Saleh , Shatra el Amara , Shatrat al `Amara , Shatret el `Amareh , VARIANT names: Qala Salih , ※ SOURCE for Qala Salih Amara, Qalat Salih, Turaba, Azair and Qurnah all match up with modern populated places in {map#1079 The Marshes, Thesiger, , #120 Thesiger, Wilfred P., The Marsh Arabs, Pengiun Books Ltd., London, 1967 ~} Qal'ah-i Dascht-i Ab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.973244 long 56.619878 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qal'ah-i Dascht-i Ab , Qal'a-i-gabri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.509739 long 53.036299 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qal'a-i-gabri , ※ SOURCE for Qal'a-i-gabri « From Qir I visited a ruined hill stronghold known as Qal'a-i-gabri ('Fort of the Zoroastrians'), situated about 2 miles to the north of the village. It crowns the crest of a very steep rocky ridge, separated from the hill-chain behind by a narrow gorge difficult of access. A stiff climb over masses of limestone debris brought us to a rock-hewn well, about 10 ft. in diameter at a height of some 150 ft. above the valley plain. By a still more difficult scramble over bare rock for about the same height, the eastern extremity of the stronghold was reached. The top of the ridge, here only about 40 yards across, widens to some 150 yards at the western end, and the whole of the top is defended by walls built with rough blocks of stone set in mortar. They are much ruined throughout, standing nowhere to more than 3-4 ft. in height. A second line of wall runs within, and parallel to, the southern curtain. Cross walls dividing the space between the two show that provision of quarters was intended. Within the circumvallated area which extends for close on 500 yards from east to west there can be traced two oblong cisterns without vaults and remains of some badly ruined structures. There can be no doubt that the ruined fortification, unassailable before the introduction of firearms, is old and was intended as a temporary place of refuge. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ pp. 131-2 Qal'a-i-gabri (Fasa) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 13883062 coordinate: lat 28.868261 long 53.592591 VARIANT names: Dahhak Kitchen Castle , Qal'a-i-gabri (Fasa) , ※ SOURCE for Dahhak Kitchen Castle « The remains of Dahhak Kitchen Castle belong to the Ashkan period - Sassanian period and are located 6 kilometers southwest of Fasa city, at the heights of Mount Gach, and this work was registered as one of the national works of Iran on March 26, 2006 with the registration number 21841. [1] Due to the existence of an ancient hill known as Tell Zahhak a few kilometers from this castle, the local people believe that this place was actually the kitchen of Zahhak, the mythical king of Iran, and his servants, after cooking food in this kitchen, quickly took it to his place of residence. » online reference link [accessed 20 Jul 2024] ※ SOURCE for Qal'a-i-gabri (Fasa) « On January 6th, 1934, we left the site of Tal-i-Zohāk for a remarkable stronghold on the rugged hill-chain overlooking the Fasa valley from the west. It bears the usual designation of Qal'a-i-gabri, the 'Zoroastrians' Castle'. It is certainly in various ways the largest and most imposing of the ruined fast- nesses I had occasion to survey on this journey. After crossing a continuous area of cultivation for 3 miles, which was tilled in alternate years, a stony glacis was ascended in a bitterly cold wind for another 3 miles. Then camp was pitched below the mouth of a valley hemmed in by two rugged steep spurs at an elevation of 4,900 ft. The ascent to the fastness led first (see Plan 7) to where the ravine at the mouth of the valley had been closed by a massive barrage, some 540 ft. in length. The wall measures fully 20 ft. in thickness and is very solidly built with large stones set in mortar, and for this the gypsum, of which the greater part of the hillside is composed, had provided material close at hand. Yet the wall has been broken by erosion in three places, and, above the largest of these gaps in the barrage, a deep fissure in the rocky valley bottom holds a small brackish spring. The barrage, no doubt, contemporary with the fortifications on the spur to the east of the valley, was obviously intended to store water from the spring as well as from ain, perhaps chiefly for the use of animals brought for safety into the defended area. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ pp. 142 and 144 Qala-i-Kah castle ghale tarikhi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.146002 long 61.456852 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: 145x150m ghale tarikhi قلعه تاریخی VARIANT names: Qala-i-Kah castle ghale tarikhi , Qal'a-i-Mir Daud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3387588 coordinate: lat 34.0836111 long 62.2219444 Supplement: serai location ? NIMA/GNS names: Mirdawud , Qal`eh-ye Mir Da'ud , Qal`eh-ye Mir Davud , Qal'a-i-Mir Daud , Ribat Mir Daud , Ribat-i-Mir Daud , Robat Mir Daud , Robat-e Mir Davud , Robat-i-Mi Daud , VARIANT names: Qal'a-i-Mir Daud , Qalamdon : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 28.088104 long 52.341008 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qalamdon , ※ SOURCE for Qalamdon « Qalamdon (D8), one-and-a-half farsakhs from Dowlatabad, is a series of terraces with dry stonewalling and similar foundations of structures. In the southern part is a large building with three longrooms, each measuring 12 x 4 m, with a preserved height of 0.5 m. Similar concentrations of rough drystone structures, suggesting nomad encampments, continued for the next two farsakhs. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 92 Qalat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078827 coordinate: lat 28.369308 long 53.154877 NIMA/GNS names: Qalat , Qelat , Shahrak-e Qalat , شهرک قلات , قلات , VARIANT names: Kalat , Qalat , ※ SOURCE for Kalat « It now runs nearly due north to Kalat, the three villages of Kalat. Khumar, and Hasamabad, at 46 miles (1,900 feet). It may be found convenient to cross and re-cross the river near Kalat to aoid heavy rock cutting, otherwise the gradient is very easy and no difficulties present themselves. » #3186 File 4648/1912 'Railway projects in South Persia; surveys of Gulf ports' [?104r] (212/258), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/316, in Qatar Digital Library ~ p. 8 Qalat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078826 coordinate: lat 27.907265 long 53.905252 NIMA/GNS names: Ghalat , Qalat , قلات , VARIANT names: Qalat , Qalat Al-Bahrain : place BHR NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -785018 coordinate: lat 26.2333333 long 50.5166667 NIMA/GNS names: Fort of Bahrain , Jubailat , Jubaylat , Qal`at al `Ajaj , Qal'at al Farangi , Qalat Al-Bahrain , VARIANT names: Qalat Al-Bahrain , ※ SOURCE for Qalat Al-Bahrain [The Hellenistic Islamic fortress at Qal'at al-Bahrain ruins are located about 300 m. east of the NIMA/GNS data coordinates at coordinate lat 26.2333250 long 50.5200100] « For more than a quarter of a century it has been known that between the monumental medieval fort, incorrectly known as the Portuguese Fort,(1) and the seashore, there lies another fortress, smaller in size, square in plan, with round towers at its corners and in the middle of each of its sides.(2) This building has yielded only one precise date, that of its occupation during the thirteenth century A.D. But it has emerged, after six seasons of excavation inside the building and around it, that the fortress had been erected centuries before. By examining these two periods of the building, we can ask ourselves what they signify in the history of Bahrain. The construction of the fort seems to have taken place in the very last years B.C. or at the beginning of the Christian era, fig. 159. … Thus the fortress, with its towers, its external and internal walls, was for the most part constructed before Islamic times; fig. 159 The Hellenistic Islamic fortress at Qal'at al-Bahrain fn. 1. See below. fn. 2. This fortress was discovered in 1955 by the Danish Expedition at Bahrain, but properly excavated by the French Expedition between 1977 and 1983. » #2924 ed. Shaikha Haya Ali Al Khalifa and Michael Rice, Bahrain Through the Ages The Archaeology, Routledge, London, 1986, ~ p. 462 [The Islamic Portuguese fortress at Qal'at al-Bahrain ruins are located about 500 m. east of the NIMA/GNS data coordinates with a heading of 80° at coordinate lat 26.234151 long 50.521520] « The construction of the second fort of Qal'at al-Bahrain is among the least known episodes in the history of the island. Nevertheless, when in 1956 Danish archaeologists undertook the exploration of the site, Sheikh Suleiman explained that the 'Portuguese fort was only the reconstruction of an old Arab fort, and in due course the Danes found certain traces of this older building.(9) Investigations carried out last spring have revealed the outline of the earlier fort and the design of its towers, fig. 160. The exact date of its construction is not precisely known. It falls between the abandonment of the shoreline fort (perhaps towards the middle of the fourteenth century) and the Portuguese alterations which are dated by an inscription: 1004/1586.(10) The Portuguese entirely covered the preceding fort with new masonry, and gave its towers and bastions a particular form which had recently been developed in Western Europe. Nothing remains visible of the older building. Thus those who are unaware of the history of Bahrain are accustomed to think of the fort as purely Portuguese. fig. 160 The Islamic Portuguese fortress at Qal'at al-Bahrain fn. 9. G. Bibby, Looking for Dilmun, New York, 1969, p. 76. fn. 10. Arabic inscription in the quarry of Jidda island, west of Bahrain. 11.Those soundings, carried out in 1978 by the Museum of Bahrain and the French Expedition will be published soon. » #2924 ed. Shaikha Haya Ali Al Khalifa and Michael Rice, Bahrain Through the Ages The Archaeology, Routledge, London, 1986, ~ p. 466 « The Qal'at al-Bahrain (Arabic: قلعة البحرين; Portuguese: Forte de Barém), also known as the Bahrain Fort or Portuguese Fort, is an archaeological site located in Bahrain. Archaeological excavations carried out since 1954 have unearthed antiquities from an artificial mound of 12 m (39 ft) height containing seven stratified layers, created by various occupants from 2300 BC up to the 18th century, including Kassites, Greeks, Portuguese and Persians. It was once the capital of the Dilmun civilization and was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2005. » see online reference link « The tell of Qala’at al-Bahrain, the ancient capital of Bahrain, is today dominated by a sixteenth-century fort, but closer to the coast lie the plundered remains of another fortress which was partly excavated by a Danish mission in 1955–57 and 1970 (1), and then completely uncovered by a French mission in 1978– 1986 (2). The dating of this fortress has been the source of a long-standing debate between archaeologists working in Bahrain. » #2925 Flemming Højlund, The dating of the Coastal Fortress at Qala'at al-Bahrain: Sasanian or Islamic?, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2006 ~ p. 238 Qalat castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.255914 long 53.60808 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qalat castle , ※ SOURCE for Qalat castle online reference link [accessed 31 Oct 2024] Qalat Zanguieh : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.652285 long 52.783839 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kalat-i-Zangibar , Qalat Zanguieh , ※ SOURCE for Kalat-i-Zangibar « Kalat-i-Zangibar (Ruins) » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 Shiraz 1936} « Kalat-i-Zangibar (In ruins) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad H-39W 1948} ※ SOURCE for Qalat Zanguieh « Qalat Zanguieh belongs to the historical periods after Islam - 7th century A.H. and it is located in the village of Qalat Zanguieh in Firozabad city, the central part, and this work was registered as one of the national works of Iran on November 2, 2002 with registration number 10522. » in fa.wikipedia, short link online reference link [accessed 22 Jan 2024] « a little further down, by a fresh water river rising west of the deserted hill fort of Qalat-i-Zangibar, and flowing past the walled village of Madkhun in a narrow go » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 p 756 Qalat/Qobad Fort : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.308111 long 52.763194 VARIANT names: Qalat/Qobad Fort , ※ SOURCE for Qalat/Qobad Fort « Qalāt Fort is located on the Mount Qalāt at N29 18 29.2, E52 45 47.5, about three kilometers from the center of Tasuj sub-district of Kavār region and east of the Borki village. The fort is 2126 m above sea level, at an elevation of 626 m above the Tasuj Plain (figs. 1-2). The survived architectural remains of this fort include a wall, 2 meters high, 500 m long, and about 100 m wide. The site surveyed by Parsa Ghasemi in the course of a general archaeological survey of Tasuj sub-district of Kavār region in 2012 (Ghasemi 2012). » #3399 Parsa Ghasemi, Maryam Esmaili, Greg Watson, Qalāt/Qobad Fort: A Sasanian-Islamic Fort in Kavār, Southeast of Shiraz, Sasanika Archaeology, 2013 ~ p. 1 Qalat-e Zanguyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10379712 coordinate: lat 28.6476 long 52.7934 NIMA/GNS names: Qalat-e Zanguyeh , قلات زنگویه , VARIANT names: Kalat-i-Zangibar , Qalat-e Zanguyeh , ※ SOURCE for Kalat-i-Zangibar « At 14 miles a conspicuous isolated hill is passed, situated to the N., called Kalat-i-Zangibar, where are the remains of an old fort now uninhabited. On the opposite, or S. side ofthe valley, is a large cleft in the rocks on the main ridge of hills. In this cleft there is a spring of excellent water, but, being someway off the road, is only used by hunte » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 237 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.046093 long 56.996941 VARIANT names: Kare-Sarawan , Qalat-sarawan , ※ SOURCE for Kare-Sarawan « We made it to Kare-Sarawan, which was no more than a meager stand of palms with a few huts underneath. Two men gave us blank stares. A couple of chickens pecked about and the slender palms seemed to teeter overhead. But there was a scattering of shards on the ground: we were surely on the trail of the ruins. A man said that the site was beyond the village. Our jeep covered a stretch of grassland about one kilometer wide before reaching a series of low hillocks sprinkled with pottery fragments. This was it — the ground was a sea of shards. For two kilometers north and south and one and one-half kilometers east and west there were about twenty low-lying mounds. This had been the heart of Hormuz, the ancient city Marco Polo had visited (Fig. 108). The earthenware fragments were interspersed with bright-colored bits of Islamic pottery. There were pieces with luster glazes, and pieces that looked like they might be either Yuan or Ming were mixed in with the Islamic shards. There were also wonderful remains of celadon and white porcelain. Moreover, much colored glass was on hand, especially pieces from bracelets with gold or crimson glaze- work fired on. Bits of bronzeware and large iron arrowheads were there also. All this fits in with Stein's account. However he called this place Kare-Qunbil. Strange. We finished our fragment-collecting and re- turned to the village to check on the name. The people called it Kare-Sarawan. So on to Kare-Qunbil. The villagers pointed the way and we set out, covering some four kilometers in the general direction. Then we came upon dunes rolling down to the sea, strewn with shards of earthenware and broken brick. This was what Stein had been calling Kare-Sarawan, but was most certainly Kare-Qunbil. He probably mistook the name the people gave him. Aside from the appellation, his description matches the spot perfectly. Perhaps the poor man was as exhausted as we were about this time. » #533 Yoshida, Mitsukuni, In Search of Persian Pottery, John Weatherhill, Inc and Yankosha, 1972 ~ pp. 144-145 ※ SOURCE for Qalat-sarawan « Beyond a narrow stretch of date-palm groves fringing this dry marsh bed, and belonging to the hamlet of Gurazu, there extends a line of low sandy terraces for about 800 yards from north-west to south-east. The site is thickly covered with broken pieces of burned bricks and pottery debris, and is known as Qalat-sarawan. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~ p. 185 Qalatuyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10437691 coordinate: lat 28.1698 long 55.244 NIMA/GNS names: Qalatuyeh , قلاتویه , VARIANT names: Kale-Touz , Qalatuyeh , ※ SOURCE for Kale-Touz « Nous marchons le long de champs cultivés , et laissons du côté de l'O . le hameau de Kalè-Touz . Nous suivons quelques instans la rive gauche d'une rivière salée dont le lit est profond ; elle vient de l'O. , et se dirige ensuite vers le S. [We walk along cultivated fields, and leave on the W side. the hamlet of Kalè-Touz. We follow for a few moments the left bank of a salt river with a deep bed; she comes from the O. , and then heads towards the S.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 370 Qal'a-ye Atashi : arch. site IRN UTM: none coordinate: lat 28.158613 long 53.500869 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Abb. 11. Kariyan, Ubersichtsplan p. 192 in Gropp (reference below) does not assist in locating this site at all. VARIANT names: Qal'a-ye Atashi , ※ SOURCE for Qal'a-ye Atashi « Auf einem Bergknollen in der Ebene, etwa 2 km von dem Dorf entfernt, liegt die Qal'a-ye Atashi, deren Name auf ein Feuerheiligtum hinweist. Die gut erhalte- nen Mauern bilden ein Geviert und fallen durch das Fehlen von Bastionen auf. Im Inneren sind schlecht erhaltene Gebäudereste zu sehen. An der Torseite der Befestigung scheinen Reste einer älteren Anlage zutage zu treten, so daß vielleicht eine sasanidische Festungsanlage in islamischer Zeit umgebaut wurde. [On a mountain lump in the plain, about 2 km from the village, lies the Qal'a-ye Atashi, whose name refers to a fire sanctuary. The well-preserved walls form a square and are notable for the lack of bastions. Inside, poorly preserved building remains can be seen. On the gate side of the fortification, remains of an older structure appear to be visible, so that perhaps a Sasanian fortress was rebuilt in Islamic times.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 193 Qale Kohne Ali Abad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN independent coordinate: lat 28.997873 long 53.091922 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Aliabad old castle قلعه کهنه علی آباد VARIANT names: Qale Kohne Ali Abad , Qal-e Sangi : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.480237 long 52.636543 VARIANT names: Qal-e Sangi , ※ SOURCE for Qal-e Sangi « Qal-e Sangi-e Pol-e Fasa site In the police station of the Shiraz road to Fasa, where one road to Firuzabad and another road to Sarvestan and Fasa branches off, there is a high rocky mountain, which is known as Qal-e Sangi [Fig. 1, no. 78]. On top of this mountain, the fortification of a fortress is visible [Fig. 18]. The latitude and longitude of the geographic location of this site is 29° 28' 80.2'' North and 052° 38' 17.2'' East and it is located at an altitude of 1500 meters above sea level. The defensive barrier and fortification of the Qal-e Sangi is 130 x 170 meters long and 50 meters high, extending across the mountain of the Qal-e Sangi. A part of the towers and the fortifications of the fortress are remained. The materials used for their construction are mostly river stones and gypsum mortar and are significant. There various architectural structures throughout the site of this fortress, and several square leaching pit catted in rock have been dug into the rock, which are similar to the Qal-e Fahandej, Sa’adi pit. More importantly, the ceramics of the site includes a diverse range of pottery from the Post-Achaemenid to the Sasanid period. Orange and reddish pottery with a thin triangular edge from the Post-Achaemenid period, buff ceramics coated with a brown slip and thickness out flaring rim, from the Parthian period, and pottery with wavy combed incisions from the Sasanid period was sampled on the surface of this site [Fig. 19] » #3413 Alireza Askari Chaverdi, Achaemenid settlements in the Shiraz, Sepidan and Kavar Plains, Iran, Historia i Swiat, 2024 ~ p. 81 Qaleh Ashdahar Paykar : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.685304 long 54.33353 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qaleh Ashdahar Paykar , ※ SOURCE for Qaleh Ashdahar Paykar « Diese Burg liegt auf dem die westliche Stadtseite abschließenden Plateau (Abb. 3 Taf. 31, 3). Die gesamte Anlage hat eine Länge von etwa 500 m bei einer größten Breite von 150 m. Eigentlich besteht die Anlage aus drei Teilen, dem umgebenden Mauerring, der Oberburg und einer gesonderten, zentral am Plateau gelegenen Anlage, welche hier als Mittelburg bezeichnet werden soll.Der Mauerring, welcher nur mehr an der Ostseite gut erhalten ist, bestand aus einer Doppelmauer mit kasemattenartigen Kammern und aus in regelmäßigen Abständen eingeschobenen Rundtürmen. Die Mauer zieht sich rund um das Plateau entlang des Steilabfalles, da das Plateau im Süden aber immer flacher gegen die Stadt hin verläuft ist hier die Mauer quer darüber geführt und schließt an die Wälle der auf einem hohen Sporn liegenden Oberburg an. Diese strategisch ungünstige Stelle des Terrains an der Südseite bewirkte, daß hier die Mauern besonders stark angelegt wurden, diese Stelle wurde auch durch eine vorgeschobene Bastion verstärkt. [This castle is located on the plateau that closes the western side of the city (Fig. 3, plates 31, 3). The entire complex has a length of around 500 m and a maximum width of 150 m. The complex actually consists of three parts, the surrounding wall ring, the upper castle and a separate complex centrally located on the plateau, which will be referred to here as the middle castle.The wall ring, which is only well preserved on the east side, consisted of a double wall with casemate-like chambers and round towers inserted at regular intervals. The wall stretches around the plateau along the steep slope, but since the plateau in the south is increasingly flatter towards the city, the wall runs across it and connects to the ramparts of the upper castle, which lies on a high spur. This strategically unfavorable location in the terrain on the south side meant that the walls were particularly strong here; this location was also reinforced by an advanced bastion. ] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p. 332 qaleh barak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.645379 long 53.145173 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: qaleh barak , Qaleh Davar Parthian Fire Temple : place IRN (chahar taq) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.542063 long 45.953092 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: atashkodeh eshkani ghale davar آتشکده اشکانی قلعه داور VARIANT names: Gach Dawar , Qal'a-i Yazdigird , Qaleh Davar Parthian Fire Temple , ※ SOURCE for Gach Dawar « when stones were cleared from one of the fields to complete construction of the dig-house facilities – the Sasanians suddenly came back into the picture. For the pile of stones turned out to be on top of the remnant of a once domed Zoroastrian fire-temple. This was a classic feature of the Sasanian era when Zoroastrianism was adopted as the state symbol of the new state. The notion that the fire-temple was sponsored by the Sasanians can be reinforced by the fact that when they seized power in Iran from the Parthians in the early 3rd century CE, they established a much firmer state authority. Construction of the fire-temple can be seen as an official declaration that the era of the independent Parthian warlord was now over. » Qal‘eh-i Yazdigird Fire-Temple Zoroastrian Fire-Temple online reference link [accessed 02 Feb 2025] ※ SOURCE for Qal'a-i Yazdigird « Unter diesem Punkt möchte ich die sasanidische Anlage von Qal'a-i Yazdigird in der Nähe von Sar-i Pul Zuhab dem alten Hulwän behandeln. Wir verdanken es den Untersuchungen von E. J. Keall in den Jahren 1964/65, daß wir endlich ein umfassenderes Bild von dieser Anlage besitzen. Nachfolgend möchte ich zu der von Keall (42) vermuteten Identität von Qal'a-i Yazdigird mit Mādharūstän Stellung nehmen. Meines Erachtens ist diese Annahme falsch, weil Keall zwei der wichtigsten Quellen, nämlich Abū-Dulaf und Ibn Rusta übersehen hat. fn. 42 a.a.O. S. 24. [Under this heading I would like to discuss the Sasanian site of Qal'a-i Yazdigird near Sar-i Pul Zuhab the old Hulwän. We owe it to the research of E. J. Keall in 1964/65 that we finally have a more comprehensive picture of this site. In the following I would like to comment on the identity of Qal'a-i Yazdigird with Mādharūstän assumed by Keall (42). In my opinion this assumption is wrong because Keall has overlooked two of the most important sources, namely Abū-Dulaf and Ibn Rusta. fn. 42 ibid. p. 24.] » #3435 Klaus Schippmann, Hinweise und Anmerkungen zu einigen sasanidischen Monumenten, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 vol. 7:pp. 157-162 ~ p. 159 Qal'eh Karyan : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.15133 long 53.543942 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qal'eh Karyan , ※ SOURCE for Qal'eh Karyan Qal'eh Karyan online reference link [accessed 20 Nov 2024] Qal'eh Kolah Duzi : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.602988 long 52.902555 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karim Khani Castle , Qal'eh Kolah Duzi , ※ SOURCE for Karim Khani Castle قلعه کریم خانی ※ SOURCE for Qal'eh Kolah Duzi « Abb. 8. Qal'eh Kolah Duzi, Lageplan » #3210 Wolfram Kleiss, Runde Burganlagen In Zentral-Iran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, Dietrich Reimer Verlag GmbH, Berlin, 1994 ~ p. 275 Qal'eh Mashizi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.614887 long 51.961721 VARIANT names: Kala Mushir , Kaleh Mershir , Qal'eh Mashizi , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Kala Mushir AT Deh Shaikh lat 29.634105 long 52.31717882 [Adamec], ※ SOURCE for Kala Mushir « 23rd February, Dasht-Arjun, 8 farsakhs ; 6.30 a.m. to 8 p.m. The stage from Qazran to Dasht-Arjun is the best of all in point of scenery, but it is a long day's march thirty-two miles, with two kotals. ... The plain seemed quite tenantless ; but on looking closer we discovered Kala Mushir, a grey mud fort, nearly midway on its level surface, and Dasht-Arjun village was dimly seen at the farther end. Night fell before we reached the telegraph-station. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 pp. 39 and 42 « Table Route from Resht Through Teheran to Bushire: Shiraz, 8 Farsakhs to Khán-i-Zinian, 3 Farsakhs to Dasht-i-arjun, 1 Farsakhs to Kala Mushir, 1 Farsakhs to Kotal Pirizan, 1 Farsakhs to Mian Kotal , 3 Farsakhs to Kotal Doktar [abbreviated by PBR.] » #3115 Augustus Le Messurier, From London to Bokhara and a ride through Persia, R. Bentley and Son, London, 1889 ~ pp. 308-9 « KALA MUSHIR- A village in Färs situated about 10 miles from Shiraz in the midst of the plain called Dasht-i-Arjan and on the road to Käzrün. It has strong masonry walls and a grey mud fort. (Trotter-Stack.) » #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 303 « Kaleh Mushir, vide Deh Shaikh » #3005 Ludwig W. Adamec, Historical gazetteer of Iran, Abadan and South Western Iran, Akademische Drucku, Verlagsanstalt, 1976-1989 ~ p. 378 ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Mershir « Kaleh Mershir » in {map#1190 Map of the road from Tehran to Bushire shewing the direction of the Persian section Indo European telegraph, , , [?3r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/391, f 3, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Qal'eh Mashizi « Qal’eh Mashizi » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Kazerun_H-39P_1948} « Qal’eh Mashizi » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collectiofig. Shiraz-444-C} Qal'eh Nasir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079293 coordinate: lat 33.185199 long 48.136547 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Nasir , Qal`eh-ye Nasir , Qal'eh Nasir , Shahid Raja'i , شهيد رجائی , قلئه نسير , قلعه نصير , قلعه نصیر , قلعۀ نصير , VARIANT names: Nasirabad , Naskabad , Qal'eh Nasir , ※ SOURCE for Nasirabad « see source Nasirabad Car: ? » ※ SOURCE for Naskabad « Naskabad » in {map#1361 in #3531 Correspondence, Printed Papers and Newspaper Cuttings Relating to the Persian Bank Mining Rights Corporation Ltd, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/71, in Qatar Digital Library, 1889-92 ~ fig. Persian Road and Transport Coy, Plan to accompany General Report, March 1891} Qal'eh Puru : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.207647 long 55.628589 VARIANT names: Dobrike , K. Qal'eh Pahlu , Kala Poro , Kaleh Purü , KM000 (Gaube) Qal'eh-ye Parū , Qal'eh Puru , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Qal'eh Puru FOR Madi [possible location.PBR], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Qal'eh Puru FOR caravanserai Guni Godsji Mahmed [possible location.PBR], ※ SOURCE for Dobrike « About an hour after Midnight, we paffed by a little covered Kervanferay, called Dobrike, which is an Agatsch and a half from Coureʃton » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 134 ※ SOURCE for K. Qal'eh Pahlu « Karavanserail Qal'eh Pahlu (Taf. 26,2) (Abb. 7; 218) (106)Lage: 11 km westlich des Karavanserails Djunguin, 4 km östlich der Straßengabelung Bandar-e Abbas-Lar und Bandar-e Abbas-Bandar-e Langeh (Lengeh), 6 km östlich von Kahurestan und 10 km östlich des Karavanserails Berkch Seta, in +60 m ü.N.N., an der alten Route von Bandare Abbas nach Lar, die ab Kahurestan mit der modernen Straße weitgehend identisch ist.Typ: Hofkaravanserail ohne Iwan-Bildung. Sämtliche Räume sind von außen zugänglich. ... Neben dem Karavanserail steht eine runde Zisterne mit Spitzkuppel und sechs Zugängen. Ihr äußerer Durchmesser beträgt 13,20 m, die Höhe der Kuppel 8,60 m (Abb. 219).[Karavanserail Qal'eh Pahlu (Plate 26.2) (Fig. 7; 218) (106)Location: 11 km west of the Djunguin caravanserail, 4 km east of the Bandar-e Abbas-Lar and Bandar-e Abbas-Bandar-e Langeh (Lengeh) road fork, 6 km east of Kahurestan and 10 km east of the Berkch Seta caravanserail, in + 60 m above sea level, on the old route from Bandare Abbas to Lar, which is largely identical to the modern road from Kahurestan. Type: Court caravan serail without iwan formation. All rooms are accessible from outside. ... Next to the caravanserail there is a round cistern with a pointed dome and six entrances. Its outer diameter is 13.20 m and the height of the dome is 8.60 m (Fig. 219).] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 122 ※ SOURCE for Kala Poro « The road now traverses, for about 200 yards, fields of wheat and barley. We then pass a delapidated mud and stone fort, called "Kala Pôrô," inhabited by a few villagers, and cross a tract covered with short grass, generally level, but scored and furrowed, apparently by the action of running water. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 33 ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Purü « This portion of the plain is subject to occasional inundation from hill torrents. At 9 miles pass the dilapidated caravansaroi of Kaleh Purü, with cistern (dry in March 1907) and uninhabited, the fort lying half a mile to the north of the road. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 164 ※ SOURCE for KM000 (Gaube) Qal'eh-ye Parū « KM 000: Vier Kilometer südöstlich von Seyyed Gemål ad-Din liegt der erste Karvansarai unseres Streckenabschnitts (in der hier benutzten Entfernungszählung KM 000): Qal'eh-ye Parū (Fig. 2). Das Bauwerk steht in einer Ebene zwischen Küh-e Gišü und Küh-e Pahal in ca. 50 m Höhe. [KM 000: Four kilometers southeast of Seyyed Gemål ad-Din lies the first Karvansarai of our route section (KM 000 in the distance counting used here): Qal'eh-ye Parū (Fig. 2). The structure stands on a level between Küh-e Gišü and Küh-e Pahal at a height of approx. 50 m. ] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p.39 « sarai » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} ※ SOURCE for Qal'eh Puru « Qal‘eh Puru » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} « At 9 miles pass the dilapidated caravanserai of Kaleh Puru, with cistern (dry in March 1907) and uninhabit- ed, the fort lying half a mile to the north of the road. At 10 miles a water-course, containing pools of water, is crossed, 80 yards broad, and banks 10 feet high. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ Qal'eh Qazi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079327 coordinate: lat 27.44639 long 56.545816 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-i-Qazi , Qal`eh-ye Qazi , Qal'eh Qazi , Qal'eh Qazi , Qal'eh Qazi-ye Bala , قلئه قازئ بالا , قلئه قازی , قلعه قاضی , VARIANT names: Kalah-i-Kazi , Kul Kazi , Qal'eh Qazi , ※ SOURCE for Kalah-i-Kazi « At 11-5 A.M. arrived at Kalah-i-Kazi, or, as it is more??generally known, Kalzazi. This village has a fine grove of date?? trees, and there are also numbers of fine grown mimosa dotted about. These, among the young-growing crops give a park-like look to the surrounding country, and a picturesqueness to the village. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 24 ※ SOURCE for Kul Kazi Sykes cites Kul Kazi #1511 p. 655 Qaleh Ruh al-Din : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.735127 long 52.651791 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qaleh Ruh al-Din , ※ SOURCE for Qaleh Ruh al-Din « location in FIGURE 1 Tomb-e Bot, map of the site showing the location of the imposed grid system to sample pottery and architectural remains. » in #3354 alireza askari chaverdi, Post-Achaemenid Legacy of the Persian Gulf Hinterland Systematic Survey of Surface Remains from Tomb-e Bot, Fars, Iran, Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia, 2017 ~ p. 130 Qaleh Shaldan : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.737061 long 52.649469 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: « location in FIGURE 1 Tomb-e Bot, map of the site showing the location of the imposed grid system to sample pottery and architectural remains. » in #3354 alireza askari chaverdi, Post-Achaemenid Legacy of the Persian Gulf Hinterland Systematic Survey of Surface Remains from Tomb-e Bot, Fars, Iran, Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia, 2017 ~ p. 130 VARIANT names: 105 Kala-yi shaldãn قلعه شلدان , Qaleh Shaldan , ※ SOURCE for 105 Kala-yi shaldãn قلعه شلدان « 105 in square 54-67 type structure * type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. Qaleh Si Savaron (J15,J26) : arch. site IRN UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 27.836804 long 52.406156 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Kaleh Gorg , Qal'eh Guzg , Qaleh Si Savaron (J15,J26) , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Gorg « Qaleh Si Savaron (J15, J26; also known as Kaleh Gorg) is located about one farsakh from Velayat (Jam) at the eastern end of the valley overlooking the pass to the Galehdar valley and to the north. The site is a small tabular mesa isolated by a deep gorge. Approximately half of the circumference at the top is protected by a curtain wall of roughly dressed stone, especially on the more exposed eastern side (Fig. 70). Two semicircular bastions, approximately 3 m wide, occur before a deep well. On the southeast are fragments of buildings in the so-called "gate" area: one vaulted room as well as two oval cisterns made of siinij and rubble measuring 9 x 4m. Another structure on an isolated lower slope may have been a rectangular cistern measuring 12 x 4 m. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 83 ※ SOURCE for Qal'eh Guzg « Qal'eh Guzg » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Kangan G-39E 1942} ※ SOURCE for Qaleh Si Savaron (J15,J26) « Qaleh Si Savaron (J15, J26; also known as Kaleh Gorg) is located about one farsakh from Velayat (Jam) at the eastern end of the valley overlooking the pass to the Galehdar valley and to the north. The site is a small tabular mesa isolated by a deep gorge. Approximately half of the circumference at the top is protected by a curtain wall of roughly dressed stone, especially on the more exposed eastern side (Fig. 70). Two semicircular bastions, approximately 3 m wide, occur before a deep well. On the southeast are fragments of buildings in the so-called "gate" area: one vaulted room as well as two oval cisterns made of siinij and rubble measuring 9 x 4m. Another structure on an isolated lower slope may have been a rectangular cistern measuring 12 x 4 m. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 83 Qal'eh-ye Geli : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.155133 long 53.519342 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qal'eh-ye Geli , ※ SOURCE for Qal'eh-ye Geli « Qal'eh-ye Geli 1976 - General view of Qal'eh-ye Geli castle near Karyan, Fars » Qal'eh-ye Geli online reference link [accessed 20 Nov 2024] Qale'reze Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.7849 long 48.15348 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Qale'reze Caravanserai کاروانسرای قلعه رزه VARIANT names: Kaleh Riza sarai , Qale'reze Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Riza sarai « Kaleh Riza has a ruined saral and telegraph office. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 147 Qaleyni : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079426 coordinate: lat 28.7798 long 53.2131 NIMA/GNS names: Falini , Qaleyni , Qaleyni-ye `Olya , Qalini , فالینی , VARIANT names: Kiech-Kalaïni , Qaleyni , ※ SOURCE for Kiech-Kalaïni « Après avoir marché trois heures, nous joi- gnons deux routes. L'une, à droite, mène au village de Khoûné-Khiadoûn. L'autre, à gauche, conduit à Karzi, par le village de Kiech-Kalaïni. Sacoûn est éloigné.de ces deux autres endroits de sept farsengs. Auprès d'une citerne en berceau on voit un mausolée. Sur la droite la vallée est cultivée. Les champs, au milieu desquels s'élèvent plusieurs tours, appartien- nent aux villageois de Khoûné-Khiadoûn. [After walking for three hours, we join two roads. One, on the right, leads to the village of Khoûné-Khiadoûn. The other, on the left, leads to Karzi, via the village of Kiech-Kalaïni. Sacoûn is seven farsengs away from these two other places. Near a barrel cistern we see a mausoleum. On the right the valley is cultivated. The fields, in the middle of which several towers rise, belong to the villagers of Khoûné-Khiadoûn.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 458 Qalhat : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788350 coordinate: lat 22.699565 long 59.369383 NIMA/GNS names: Kalhat , Qalhat , قلهات , VARIANT names: Calaiate , Calarate , Chia-la-ha , Clarate , Culfat , Dar al-Fath , Kalayat , Kalhat , K'e-li-kat , K'ie-li-ki , Qalhat , Quodate , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Qalhat FOR Metacum [[João de Barros - Da Asia], ※ SOURCE for Calaiate « Quodate. Calaiale Culfat [Portuguese name] Qalhat [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Calarate « The distortions are perhaps most violent in Barbosa where Sur becomes Char, Qalhāt Calarate. Tiwi Terue. Daghmar Dagino. Suḥar Coquiar and Khawr Fakkān Profam. His Etem, which defeated Longworth Dames, is obviously Yiti. » #2592 Beckingham CF., Some notes on the Portuguese in Oman, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1983 vol. 6:pt. 1: ~ p.18 ※ SOURCE for Chia-la-ha « 74 Kalhat, town, 22° 42' N, on the east coast of Arabia. [f. 22] » #329Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 1 p. 188 ※ SOURCE for Clarate « Clarate. This is the important port of Kalhat. The Spanish version and Ribero's map give the more correct form Calhat. [In the German Atlas there is a place called Kellat and another close by called Calajute; Calata, Ortelius.-St.] The Commentaries give the name as Calayate, which form is also employed by De Barros. Probably Clarate is a scribe's error for Claiate. Alboquerque first visited this town in 1507, on his voyage from Socotra to. Hurmuz. In the Commentaries it is described (1, 566) as "a city as large as Santarem, badly populated, with many old edifices now destroyed." There had evidently been a great falling off since the commencement of the fourteenth century when we have glowing descriptions of Kalhät by Ibn Batuta and Marco Polo (see Delrémery's Ibn Batuta, II, 35. 226, and Yule and Cordier's Marco Polo (3rd Ed.) II, 451, and notes) who expatiate on the thriving trade with India. The people, according to Ibn Batuta, were Shl'as, but their sect was oppressed by the Sultan Kutb ud-din Tahamtan, Malik of Hurmuz, who held this coast (then under the suzerainty of the later Mongol rulers of Persia). Abu Sa'Id struck coins at Karman in A.H. 717 (A.D. 1317), and is probably Marco Polo's "Soldan of Kerman." Alboquerque on his expedition to Hurmuz, in 1508, took Kalhat and plundered it, and then set fire to the city and the shipping in the harbour. Since his first visit the year before he had no doubt ascertained that it was part of the Hurmuz principality, under the power of the Wazir Khwaja Attar (a native of Kalhat), and took these measures as an act of war against Hurmuz. The princes of Hurmuz, according to the chronicle of Turan Shah, claimed to have come originally from Kalhat (Travels of Pedro Texeira, H.S., Ed. Sinclair and Ferguson, pp. 155, 258). » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol. 1 p. 69 fn.1 ※ SOURCE for Culfat « Quodate. Calaiale Culfat [Portuguese name] Qalhat [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Dar al-Fath Qalhat¹², Quriyat¹³, Masqat¹4 17 Tibi/Tiwi's, Julfar, Khawr Fakkan, Dabā', Bahrain' stand out in this period as 12 Qalhat was also called "Dar al-Fath", and was considered by the royal family as its second capital city and homeland. This would change with the rise of Portuguese supremacy in the Gulf. #1812 ed. Dejanirah Couto and Rui M. Loureiro, Revisiting Hormuz: Portuguese Interactions in the Persian Gulf Region in the Early Modern Period, Harrassowitz, 2008 ~ p. 10 ※ SOURCE for Kalayat « 4 Kalhát, a little north-west of Rás-al-Had, the eastern point of Arabia. It is now only "a little village," with reported "anchorage for small craft quite close in" (Persian Gulf Pilot). Its place has been taken by Súr. But this part of the coast of Omán, with a good position, plenty of water, and a bold and enterprising people, has been more important than it looks on a map. [See description of Kalhát in Comment. of Af. Dalb., vol. i, p. 66. See also Imams of 'Oman, p. 37, n.; Yule's Marco Polo, vol. ii, p. 449.-D. F.] » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ p.154 fn.4 ※ SOURCE for Kalhat Kalhāt is placed in the map [849] Arabic Tabula Rogeriana, Al-Idrisi, 1154, Bibliotheque Nationale de France (MS Arabe 2221) « For the Arabian Peninsula the following historical terms are known in Chinese: Kalhat ???,???? » #2637 Fee-Alexandra Haase, The Representation of the Arabian Peninsula Before the Establishment of the Gulf States: The Contemporary Areas of ‘Oman,’ ‘United Arab Emirates,’ ‘Saudi Arabia,’ and ‘Bahrain’ in a Diachronic Study of Ethnonyms and Toponyms in Historical Arabic and English Sources, SSRN, 2013 ~ p. 76 ※ SOURCE for K'e-li-kat « cantonese version of K'ie-li-ki » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 117, 122 note 12 ※ SOURCE for K'ie-li-ki #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 117, 122 note 12 ※ SOURCE for Qalhat « Qalhat¹², Quriyat¹³, Masqat, Tibi/Tiwi, Julfar, Khawr Fakkan, Dabā, Bahrain stand out in this period as main harbours and outlets along the sea routes of the Gulf. They were ports of call, shipyards and markets renowned for the wealth and beauty of their merchandise, fresh water and vegetable supplies. fn. 12 Qalhat was also called Dar al-Fath", and was considered by the royal family as its second capital city and homeland. This would change with the rise of Portuguese supremacy in the Gulf. fn. 13 Quriyat supplied passing convoys with meat, fruit, honey, vegetables and excellent together with the fine horses that the "Moors of Hormuz" bought to sell in India. » #1812 ed. Dejanirah Couto and Rui M. Loureiro, Revisiting Hormuz: Portuguese Interactions in the Persian Gulf Region in the Early Modern Period, Harrassowitz, 2008 ~ p. 10 « When the Persians were informed of the coming of the Azd they opposed their entry. Malik therefore turned aside to Qalhāt on the east coast,(19) making it his first base in Oman. Leaving the families in Qalhāt, he set about negotiating an arrangement which would allow his people to settle peacefully in the country. fn. 19 Qalhat is an important coastal town dating back at least to the time of the Azdi migration into Oman. Ibn Battuttah describes Qalhat during his travels in the eighth century AH as follows: 'Qalhat has fine bazaars and an exceedingly beautiful mosque. The inhabitants are traders and live entirely on what comes from India.' See M. b. 'Abd Allah ibn Baṭṭūtah, Riḥlat ibn Battutah (Beirut, 1960). » #731 al-Rawas, Isam, Oman in Early Islamic History, Ithaca Press, Reading, 2000 ~ p. 29 « Dalboquerque sacked the city and burnt the dhows in the harbour."Those who were captured had their ears and noses cut off. The city must have suffered a lot of damage. The text of the Commentaries reported that Dalboquerque massed his men and went down to the beach and 'ordered fire to be laid to all the principal houses of the city... and also ordered the mosque to be fired....." In spite of the city's collapsed and burnt buildings Duarte Barbosa (d. 1521), who visited it some time later still judged Qalhat to be a beautiful city with 'fine, well-built houses'; its harbour was most frequented by vessels and many merchants and other gentlemen lived there. In 1526 Lopo Vaz razed the town of Qalhat which had revolted against the taxes levied by Diogo de Melo who was then in command at Hormuz. We also know that in 1534 Diogo Lopes de Basto was factor (administrator) in Calayate (Qalhat)" and that the Ottoman Turks attacked and took Calaiate (Qalhat) in 1550. Forty years later in 1592 the Augustinian monk and missionary, Sebastiao de S Pedro, passing through Qalhat described the town as 'barren and unpopulated’.(38). After this date we do not hear of Qalhat except for its mention on maps. A number of maps I surveyed from 1548 to 1880 (see Table below) show the name Qalhat written with different spellings(39) but what is significant is that only in the earlier ones from 1548 to 1680 do we find a fort or fortress drawn near the name of Qalhat illustrating the importance of the fortified town (Plates III and IV). Also interesting is the name Hor that appears on some maps of 1570, 1654, 1670 and 1680. At first I thought that Hor was another name for Sor or Sur but in fact it stands for khor, an inlet. The name Sur came later and we do not know why the town came to be called as such; the word is originally from sawr 'the bank, or side of a river or rivulet. The 1634 map reads Hor al-Sur (lit. the inlet of the river bank) and Kor al Sor for the 1705 map. Only the later ones (nineteenth century) show the name Sur (or Soor) as we know it today as a dhow-building centre. The name Hor stands for Arabic khawr (becoming in the Gulf dialect har)" meaning, as noted earlier, a bay, strait, channel; a river mouth on the sea and also a harbour. This could be the historical Khor that the wall (mayor) and some nokhadhas spoke about in the course of my conversa- tion with them during my visits to Sur; they said they recall their fathers and grandfathers saying that Kuwaiti nokhadhas used to speak of a place in Sur called Bandar Abu Abbas where large dhows used to moor at its harbour. None of the Suri ancestors had any recollection of this name. Some of the seamen I talked to thought that the name could be referring to the marshland located west of the present Sur Beach Hotel and which stretched, at one time, as far as the present Sur airfield (about two kilometres north of the shore). Ibn Battuta and the Portuguese missionary Sebastiao de S. Pedro do not speak of a khor as such but they mention, in the case of Ibn Battuta, a channel (khalij) "an inlet from the sea', which he and his company crossed by swimming (II: 221 [394-95]) and Sebastiao wrote in 1592 that he and his fellow Portuguese walked on dry stoney land until they arrived at the River Sor (Sur), a firth which they crossed by boat. Tom Vosmer and I spoke to Maurizio Tosi and Serge Cleuziou, both excavating at Ras al-Junaiz in south-east Oman about this khor. From their experience, they think that the marshland would be worth investigat- ing as it could be an ancient port where pieces of ancient wrecks are buried under the mud and silt. Years of excavation at Ras al-Junaiz (70 kilometres south of Sur) have led both archaeologists to a huge find of boat fragments, pieces of which have come from large reed vessels around 4.300 years old. The pieces came with Indus Valley ivory comb, copper trading seal, various carnelian beads and quantities of broken pottery containers from the Indus Valley which was probably used for transporting butter and other foodstuffs. A print has been found in the dried mud of lashed boat planking and from which it is hoped a reed vessel can be reconstructed. fn. 38. CDRADIPortuguese Archives. ANTT. Ms. I.iv. 731, ff. 301-31Rv. fn. 39. Other names not included in the grid are: Callacate (1600). Caljate (1644-1666). Coliatta (1735). see CDRAD / Dutch Archives. DM 6.006, DM 6.01 3, DM 6.020 » #790 Agius, Dionisius A., Archaeology of Seafaring: Medieval Qalhat: Travellers, Dhows and Stone Anchors in South-East Oman, Pragati Publications, Delhi, 1999 ~ pp179-181 ※ SOURCE for Quodate « Quodate. Calaiale Culfat [Portuguese name] Qalhat [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 Qalhat 2 (QLT2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL409155 converted to coordinate: lat 22.7296629028194 long 59.3455589063718 VARIANT names: Qalhat 2 (QLT2) , ※ SOURCE for Qalhat 2 (QLT2) « Stone structures » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Qalhat 3 (QLT3) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL409155 converted to coordinate: lat 22.7296629028194 long 59.3455589063718 VARIANT names: Qalhat 3 (QLT3) , ※ SOURCE for Qalhat 3 (QLT3) « Stone structures » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Qalhat 4 (QLT4) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL405164 converted to coordinate: lat 22.7378435485258 long 59.3418051527109 VARIANT names: Qalhat 4 (QLT4) , ※ SOURCE for Qalhat 4 (QLT4) « Stone structures » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Qalhat 5 (QLT5) : arch. site OMN UTM: GL398177 converted to coordinate: lat 22.7496773351313 long 59.3351928938648 VARIANT names: Qalhat 5 (QLT5) , ※ SOURCE for Qalhat 5 (QLT5) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Qanat Bagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079476 coordinate: lat 29.06867 long 51.87566 NIMA/GNS names: Qanat Bagh , Qanat-i-Bagh , قنات باغ , VARIANT names: Qanat Bagh , Qar Khul Qabal : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 151380 coordinate: lat 26.0131 long 56.39256 NIMA/GNS names: Qabal , Qar Khul Qabal , قبل , VARIANT names: Cabel , Cabil , Cable , Qar Khul Qabal , ※ SOURCE for Cabel « Cabel » in {map#835 Afteekening van de PERSISCHE GOLF, Johannes van Keulen, 1753, Nationaalarchief, The Hague 4 VEL S6B 033 Kaart 13} see AHduGP map 55 ※ SOURCE for Cabil From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666:« From the Hook of Coersocaan to the Southern hook of the bay of Lijma (27) the course is S. for 3 miles and the depths are 38, 35, 33, 28, 26 to 25 fathoms /over/ sand ground. Between both these aforementioned hooks there is also a cove where 3 to 4 cabins stand. These are not inhabited and /this place/ is named Cabil (28). fn. 28 The cove referred to is the Diibat Qabal named after the village of Qabal. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 302 ※ SOURCE for Cable « Cable » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 ※ SOURCE for Qar Khul Qabal « Qabal (Dohhat) درجة قبل [name] On the east coast 6 miles north of Limah [position] Inlet 1 miles wide at the entrance: it runs inland for over 3 miles turning south as it goes. [nature] The cove teema with fish. In a valley at its head are several huts of Bani Shatair Shihah. They are herdsmen and fisher- men and their diet consists largely of shellfish (Strombus Baluchiensis), but they have only 1 boat. In a western branch of the same valley are ruins of an extensive village which was built of large stones without mortar. This place is closely connected with Limah by land, and there is said to be a route from here over the hills to Khasab. [remarks] » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1611 « It was, however, possible, by camping at Sallala at the head of Wadi a1 ‘Ayn, to climb the ridge by the track which leads to Limah. Descending the cliffs on the opposite side with the help of a Shihih guide, it was possible to locate two deserted villages which must represent the ruins near Qabal mentioned by Lorimer in 1908. Evidence of occupation extending from the ninth-tenth centuries to the Portuguese period (sixteenth century) was provided by the pottery noted on the larger site. » #24 Falcon, N. L., The Musandam, Northern Oman, Expedition 1971-72, The Geographical Journal, London, 1973 ~ Archaeological sites [B. de C.] p. 16 Qara Aghach R : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.580129 long 52.200009 VARIANT names: Qara Aghach R , ※ SOURCE for Qara Aghach R « Qara Aghach R » in {map#1140 route map, , , #3037 J. V. Harrison, Kuhgalu: South-West Iran, The Geographical Journal, London, 1936 Vol. 88:no. 1:pp. 20-36 ~} Qara Qash plain : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.08567 long 53.056594 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qara Qash plain , Qaraqash , ※ SOURCE for Qara Qash plain « Qara Qash plain » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fasa H-39X 1948} ※ SOURCE for Qaraqash « Till 7 miles track runs through low foot hills, then it debouches on to plain of Qaraqash, a series of broad river terraces, intersected by ravines 400 yards broad and 30 deep. At 9 miles enter Tang-i-Shahriyari (1,550'), the Mund, here known as Rüdkhaneh-i-Waz (or Baz), pierces the hills here by a very tortuous gorge, but the pass is not a difficult one, and a railway could be made through it. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 164 Qara Tapa : place AFG NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3395294 coordinate: lat 35.2411111 long 62.2822222 NIMA/GNS names: Kara Tapa , Qara Tapa , Qarah Tappeh , Tor Ghunda , Tor Ghundai , Toraghundi , Torah Ghundi , Torghundi , Towraghondi , Towraghondt , Turghondi , VARIANT names: Qara Tapa , Qarah Konar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3746107 coordinate: lat 27.782745 long 53.086713 NIMA/GNS names: Qarah Konar , Qareh Konar , قره کنار , VARIANT names: Qarah Konar , Qarahbolagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.902246 long 54.134619 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: coordinates from Google Maps VARIANT names: Kalahbulagh , Qarahbolagh , ※ SOURCE for Kalahbulagh « it then diverged to the south-east until the Kala'h Karabulágh was reached at 11-23 4 ?. (7 miles). This is a sort of rallying place of the black tents; it consists of a large tower in the centre, surrounded by four high walls flanked by towers; in the space between the centre tower and the walls are one or two wells of good water. It belongs to the Kawam-ul-Mulk. When we passed, there were in, or about it, 400 tents, 2,000 people, owning 50 span of oxen, 5,000 sheep, and 200 donkeys; 700 máns of wheat and barleysmpe sown yearly. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 7 Qarasu river : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.3619598369417 long 47.1015236858693 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Qarasu River (Kermanshah) رود قره?سو (کرمانشاه) VARIANT names: Kara-sou , Karkheh , Qarasu river , rud ghareh so (karmaneshah) , ※ SOURCE for Qarasu river Qarasu River (Kermanshah) online reference link [accessed 02 Jun 2025] Qareh Lah : stream grp 25 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3079713 coordinate: lat 30.100556 long 52.989167 NIMA/GNS names: Qareh Lah , Qareh Leh , VARIANT names: Qareh Lah , Qareh Tappeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: -3079767 coordinate: lat 34.4767 long 49.1607 NIMA/GNS names: Qarah Tappeh , Qareh Tappeh , قره تپه , VARIANT names: Qareh Tappeh , ruins large village , ※ SOURCE for ruins large village « At 1½ miles the the ruins ruins of a large village are passed. On the right is a canal 5 feet broad leading from the river. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 240 Qariet ul-Arab Regierungsgebaude : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.7166666666667 long 56.9833333333333 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qariet ul-Arab Regierungsgebaude , ※ SOURCE for Qariet ul-Arab Regierungsgebaude « Breitenbestimmungen aus astronomischen Beobachtun- gen zwischen Kermån und Bender 'Abbas. Breite Länge Qariet ul-Ar,ab Regierungsgebau 29 43 0 56 59 (letzteres nach der englischen Admiralitätskarte). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~p. 351 Qariheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3064239 coordinate: lat 30.799407 long 48.789519 NIMA/GNS names: Gharaibeh , Gharbiyeh , Gharibeh , Ghoraibeh , Ghoreybeh , Nahr-e Ghereybeh , Nahr-e Ghoreybeh , Qariheh , Qasabeh , Qoreybe` , Qoreybeh , Qusibeh , غربیه , قریبع , VARIANT names: Kareiba , Qariheh , ※ SOURCE for Kareiba « I had to ride about thirty miles , the owner of the mule walking by my side, and it was evening before we found ourselves at Kareiba , a large village of huts built of reeds and mats , on the banks of the Jerrahi . » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 2 p. 55 Qasr Abunasr : arch. site IRN NIMA/GNS names: GhasreAbooNasr , Palace of Abou Nasr , Qasr Abunasr , Qasr-e Abu Nasr , Qoseyr Abu Nasr , قصر ابونصر , قصیر ابو نصر , VARIANT names: Qasr Abunasr , Qasr-e Abu Nasr , Qasr-i Abu Nasr , ※ SOURCE for Qasr-e Abu Nasr « The site known as Qasr-e Abu Nasr is located in southeast of Shiraz city on the Kaftarak road, on a natural tepe [Fig. 1, no. 25]. This tepe is 320 meters long and 240 meters wide. In the northern part, due to the passage of water at a great depth, it is separated from the mountain, and in the northern and eastern areas it creates a very steep slope and is a kind of natural fortification. The map of the site is triangular which narrows from north to south. The western part of the site is occupied by a village. The American expedition of the Metropolitan Museum, under the supervision of Upton and Hauser, conducted three seasons of excavation in Qasr-e Abu Nasr between 1932 and 1934. » #3413 Alireza Askari Chaverdi, Achaemenid settlements in the Shiraz, Sepidan and Kavar Plains, Iran, Historia i Swiat, 2024 ~ p. 78 ※ SOURCE for Qasr-i Abu Nasr « The position of Qasr-i Abu Nasr seems to be more calculated as a focus (or dominating point) for settlements of the Hummeh district, particularly if earlier settlements stretched farther east. In other words Qasr-i Abu Nasr appears to belong to the system of the valley rather than being the focus of a provincial system, as Shiraz became . »#3143 Whitcomb, Donald S., Before the Roses and Nightingales: Excavations at Quasr-i Abu Nasr, Old Shiraz, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1985 ~ p. 15 Qasr Ibn Darahim : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: -3106235 coordinate: lat 30.3 long 47.6333333 NIMA/GNS names: Qasr Ibn ad Durayhimi , Qasr Ibn Darahim , Qasr Ibn Duraibim , Qasr Ibn Duraihim , VARIANT names: Qasr Ibn Darahim , Qasr Shirin Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.513124 long 45.579563 Supplement: karvansaraye ghasr shirin کاروانسرای قصر شیرین VARIANT names: Kusra Shireen caravanserai-shah , Qasr Shirin Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Kusra Shireen caravanserai-shah « Kusra Shireen, a small village of twenty-eight houses, with a caravanserai-shah in pretty good condition, is situated on the side of a mountain, at the foot of which flows the Dialla. » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 12 Qasrdasht : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.084833 long 53.045139 VARIANT names: Qasrdasht , ※ SOURCE for Qasrdasht Qasrdasht is an archaeological mound in northern Fars, Fars Province. Qasr Dasht has a continuous archaeological sequence from the Middle Elamite and the Iron Age II/III periods. This makes it a key site for the study of the cultural gap that exists between the local Shogha-Taimuran phase and the Achaemenid period. online reference link [accessed 01 Jan 2025] Qasr-e Bahram Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.765283 long 52.177127 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Qasr-e Bahram Caravanserai کاروانسرای قصر بهرام VARIANT names: Ain-ar-Rashid serai , Qasr-e Bahram Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Ain-ar-Rashid serai « Ain-ar-Rashid serai » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection fig. Tehran 428B 1962} Qasr-e Qand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079969 coordinate: lat 26.248333 long 60.7525 NIMA/GNS names: Barqan , Borgan , Qasr Qand , Qasr-e Qand , VARIANT names: Qasr-e Qand , Qasr-e Shirin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079964 coordinate: lat 34.5156 long 45.5791 NIMA/GNS names: Ghasr-i-shirin , Ghasr-shirin , Qasr-e Shirin , Qasr-i-Shirin , قصر شيرين , VARIANT names: Casri-Chirin , Kafri-Chirin , Kusra Shireen , Qasr-e Shirin , Qasr-i-Shirin , ※ SOURCE for Casri-Chirin « Nous parvinmes' à neuf heures et un quart près d'un chétif hameau, nommé Casri-Chirin, entouré de collines calcaites, dont la cou-leur est verdâtre. On n'y voit qu'un petit nombre de mauvaises mazures voisines de quelques plantations de riz, et un beau cavaransérail, où nous couchâmes. [At a quarter past nine we arrived near a small hamlet called Casri-Chirin, surrounded by limestone hills of a greenish color. There are only a few poor huts near a few rice plantations, and a beautiful cavaranserai, where we slept.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 224 ※ SOURCE for Kafri-Chirin « d'où nous allames le furlendemain en cinq heu-res à Kafri-Chirin (1), que l'Idriſi place à ſept lieues de Khanikin, à cinq de Halvan et à 20 de Chehre-zour. Kafri-Chirin eſt une fortereſſe que Khofrew Pervis fit autrefois bâ-tir pour loger ſa maîtreſſe Chirin. Elle a mille pas de circonférence; la rivière de Halvan paſſe tout au-près; l'air y eſt mal ſain, et le Semoum que les Turcs appellent Sam-yeli, y fouffe quelquefois. fn. 1 Kafri-Chirin eſt à 71 d. 30 m. de long. fur 33 d. 40 m. de lat ſuiyant le Canon, et à 71 d. 4 m. de long. fur 33 d. 55 m. de lat. fuivant le Kias, [From where we went the next day in five hours to Kafri-Chirin (1), which the Idrisi places seven leagues from Khanikin, five from Halvan and 20 from Chehre-zour. Kafri-Chirin is a fortress that Khofrew Pervis once had built to house his mistress Chirin. It has a circumference of a thousand paces; the Halvan River passes very close by; the air there is unhealthy, and the Semoum, which the Turks call Sam-yeli, sometimes flows there. fn. 1 Kafri-Chirin is 71 d. 30 m. long, 33 d. 40 m. wide following the Canon, and 71 d. 4 m. long. 33 d. 55 m. lat. following the Kias,] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 173 ※ SOURCE for Kusra Shireen « Kusra Shireen, a small village of twenty-eight houses, with a caravanserai-shah in pretty good condition, is situated on the side of a mountain, at the foot of which flows the Dialla. This is an abominable place, and the inhabitants, a rascally set, form part of the rabble who lie in wait for travellers at Kanaki. ... This village is situated at the western extremity of a large town in ruins, and the enceinte, which is clearly to be traced, forms a long square of at least a league in length on the shortest front. » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 12 ※ SOURCE for Qasr-i-Shirin « ollowing up the right bank of the river, at 18 miles the road passes under a hill crowned by by a stone fort and reaches Qasr-i-Shirin. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 149 Qasr-i Dukhtar chahar taq, Tang-i Chak Chak : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.384609 long 55.057408 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: south east one of two adjacent buildings VARIANT names: Qasr-i Dukhtar chahar taq, Tang-i Chak Chak , ※ SOURCE for Qasr-i Dukhtar chahar taq, Tang-i Chak Chak « nous avons eu la bonne fortune de découvrir les deux constractions nous des ensemble. Elles étaient sites de rochen, F'entrée d'un ravin, au lieu dit Tang-i Chak Chak 1) à mi-chemin enter Rustak et Furg, sur la piste de Däräbgird, vers Furg et Tarum. Is première des deux constructions, nommée Qasr-i Dukhtar est un Chahar Taq de plan carré de 12,60 m. de côté extérieurement et 8 m intérieurement. Les piliers d'une épaisseur de 3.30 m. sur 2,30 m. ont une hauteur de 5 m. jusqu'aux trompes d'angles. L'ouverture des ara est de 6 m. et la hauteur atteint 4,50 m. La coupole est conservée jusqu'a une hauteur de 4 m. [We had the good fortune to discover the two constructions together. They were rock sites, at the entrance to a ravine, at the place called Tang-i Chak Chak 1) halfway between Rustak and Furg, on the track from Däräbgird, towards Furg and Tarum. The first of the two constructions, named Qasr-i Dukhtar is a Chahar Taq with a square plan of 12.60 m. on the outside and 8 m inside. The pillars, 3.30 m thick by 2.30 m, have a height of 5 m up to the corner squinches. The opening of the ara is 6 m. and the height reaches 4.50 m. The dome is preserved up to a height of 4 m.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 180 Qasr-i Tulak : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 33.97157769 long 63.70422913 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qasr-i Tulak , ※ SOURCE for Qasr-i Tulak « 2217. QASR-I TULAK Original: Lat. 33º 580 N, long. 63º 440 E. Map 54. Revised: 33.97157769 N, 63.70422913 E / 33º 580 17.67969588 N, 63º 420 15.22488564 E. Ghūr Province. A valley in the upper reaches of the Farāh Rūd. Description: Extensive remains. Fieldwork: Wardak, ASA. Source: Gardin 1982: 107 and 108–9—mention. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 444 Qatru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079989 coordinate: lat 29.1455 long 54.7045 NIMA/GNS names: Ghotrooyeh , Katru , Qatru , Qatru'iyeh , Qatruyeh , قطرویه , VARIANT names: Katru , Kutru , Qatru , ※ SOURCE for Katru « At 15 miles a ruined village is passed on the left of the road, then on through cultivation until Katru is reached at 16½ miles. This is a walled town with several gardens adjoining it. Route No. 23, stage 9, connects here. In January 1910 Katru had only 5 houses, which were deserted. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 42 Qavamabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079998 coordinate: lat 30.1191 long 52.9809 NIMA/GNS names: Qavamabad , Qawwamabad , Quvvamabad , قوام آباد , VARIANT names: Qavamabad , Qavamabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080000 coordinate: lat 31.818208 long 54.078758 NIMA/GNS names: Ghavam Abad , Qavamabad , غوم ابد , قوام آباد , VARIANT names: Qavamabad , Qavamabad Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 30.118502 long 52.980758 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qavamabad (Qavam Abad) Caravanserai , Qavamabad Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Qavamabad (Qavam Abad) Caravanserai « Karavanserail Qavamabad (Qavam Abad) (Taf. 11,3; 12,1.2) (Abb. 5; 119) (85)Lage: 12 km nördlich Sivand und etwa 18 km südwest-lich von Madar-e Suleiman (Pasargadae), in +1750 m ü. N. N., an der mittelalterlichen Route von Esfahan nach Shiraz, die seit dem modernen Ausbau mit dem Verlauf derAsphaltstraße wieder identisch ist. Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, fünf Stallabtei-lungen und zwei Wohnhöfen in den nördlichen Ecken des Gebäudes, mit von innen und von außen zugängigen Toilet-ten. fn. 85 The Qavamabad caravanserai was surveyed on September 3, 1991. [ 570 / 5,000 Qavamabad Caravanserai (Qavam Abad) (Plates 11.3; 12.1.2) (Fig. 5; 119) (85)Location: 12 km north of Sivand and about 18 km southwest of Madar-e Suleiman (Pasargadae), at +1750 m above sea level, on the medieval route from Isfahan to Shiraz, which, since modern reconstruction, has again aligned with the asphalt road. Type: Courtyard caravanserai with four iwans, five stables, and two residential courtyards in the northern corners of the building, with toilets accessible from both inside and outside. fn. 85 The Qavamabad caravanserai was surveyed on September 3, 1991.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 68 Qayyemabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 248183 coordinate: lat 32.7115 long 52.8509 NIMA/GNS names: Qayumabad , Qayyemabad , قیوم آباد , VARIANT names: Qayyemabad , Qazal Rabat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10403107 coordinate: lat 34.184117 long 45.143526 NIMA/GNS names: Qazal Rabat , قزل رباط , VARIANT names: Kizil Robat , Kizil-Rubat , Kizitrobat , Qazal Rabat , Qizil Robat , ※ SOURCE for Kizil Robat « At 17½ miles there is cultiva-tion on either hand, and a half mile to the left the Diala river flows in a broad, stony and rushy bed. Kizil Robat, which is now entered, has a post and telegraph office and several caravan-sarais on the further side of the town. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 147 ※ SOURCE for Kizil-Rubat « Nous nous remimes en chemin la nuit du 11, et campames après cinq heures de marche à Kizil-Rubat (1); encore fur le bord de la Diala. C'eſt un bourg et un diſtrict, duquel-dé-pendent Bedraï, Kiechab et quelques autres bourgsfn. 1 Kizil figifie rouge, et Rubat un Kiervanferaï [We set off again on the night of the 11th, and camped after a five-hour march at Kizil-Rubat (1); still on the banks of the Diala. It is a town and a district, from which Bedraï, Kiechab, and several other towns depend.fn. 1 Kizil means red, and Rubat means Kiervanferaï] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 172 ※ SOURCE for Kizitrobat « Kizitrobat » in {map#1343 Reisen im Orient. von H. Petermann ; Nebst Einer Karte, Entworfen Von H. Kiepert. 2. Band, p. 243, 1861, } ※ SOURCE for Qizil Robat « Qizil Robat » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No.2 Baghdad 1917} Qazvin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080050 coordinate: lat 36.2797 long 50.0049 NIMA/GNS names: Kazvin , Qazvin , قزوين , VARIANT names: Casbin , Casbine , Casbyne , Qazvin , ※ SOURCE for Casbin « The most part of our European Chorographers who have dis|cours'd of the Cities of Persia, affirm Casbin to be the ancient Ar|sacia, and that before it was call'd Europa till the Parthians gave it that name from Arsaces, the first of their Emperors; that is it the same with that City, which the Greeks call'd Ragea, and the ho|ly Scripture Rages of Media. » #236 Chardin, J., The travels of Sir John Chardin into Persia and the East Indies : the first volume, containing the author's voyage from Paris to Ispahan : to which is added, the coronation of this present king of Persia, Solyman the Third, Printed for Moses Pitt in Duke-Street Westminster, London, 1686 ~ p. 380 ※ SOURCE for Casbine « The 10th of August in the yeare of our Lord 1628. This night about 11 acloke att night we sett forward to come homwardes bound, leauing the King in this citie of Casbine in the cuntrey of Arach, otherwise called Media. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 64 ※ SOURCE for Casbyne « This daye being Saturdaye we came to Casbyne [Qasvin], wher the Kyng is, a very large cytie, hauing traveled 6 leauges. This citye lieth in the cuntrey of Arach ['Iraq]. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 56 ※ SOURCE for Qazvin during the time (1548–97) that the Safavid capital was Qazvin. #EB2002 Qechlag Gatch : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.7404 long 52.437689 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qechlag Gatch , ※ SOURCE for Qechlag Gatch « Qechlaq Gatch » in {map#1217 in #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ fig. 20. Carte. Trajet de Dar-ol-Mizan à Firouzabad.} Qeshm (town) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080184 coordinate: lat 26.9492 long 56.2691 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Qeshm , Qeshm , Qishm , قشم , VARIANT names: Kechm , Qeshm (town) , ※ SOURCE for Kechm #1839 Morgan, Jacques de, Mission scientifique en Perse Tome Second Études Géographiques, Ernest Leroux, Paris, 1895 vol. 2: ~ Fig. 137. Port de Kèchm p. 292 ※ SOURCE for Qeshm (town) The co-ordinates dlat 26.9644444 dlong 56.2736111 are for the town of Qeshm at the eastern end of the island of Qeshm. All the variants names are associated with Qeshm (island) Qeshm Portuguese fort : place IRN (portuguese) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.960375 long 56.277283 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qeshm Portuguese fort , Qeys : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3071685 coordinate: lat 26.5374 long 53.9682 NIMA/GNS names: Jazireh-ye Kish , Jazireh-ye Qeys , Kais Island , Kish Island , Qais Island , جزيره كيش , VARIANT names: Aphrodisias I. , Caiz , Catæa , Cataea , Ch'ieh-shih , Cuyx , Guase , Kais , Kays , Keish , Kenn , Keys , K'ié-shï , Kish , Kite , Kyen or Kaez , Kyte , Ouixi , Qais , Qais ben Umaira , Qays , Qeis , Qeys , Syes , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Qeys FOR Chisi [Masefield, Dahnhardt], ※ SOURCE for Aphrodisias I. « and they are situated on a cape from which we can easily reach another cape and the desert island of Aphrodisias, generally recognised as Kish Island. » #2858 Getzel M. Cohen, The Hellenistic Settlements in the East from Armenia and Mesopotamia to Bactria and India, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2013 ~ PORTUS MACE DONUM n. 3 p. 191 « Hence the probability that it is the same island which is called Aphrodisias by Pliny (vi. 28), the situation of which is still further determined by his adding "inde Persidis initium." Perhaps the ancient name is preserved in the Modern Keish or Ken. (Vincent … » #840 vol. 1 p. 567 « Ptolemy mentions Harmuza ... and Tarsiana, on the coast; and Arrian (Ind. 37) adds Sidodone; and in the Interior of the country, Ora, Cophanta, Throasca or Orasca, Sabis, Alexandreia, and Carmana. ... Along the coast of Carmania were several islands, Organa, Catae, Aphrodisias, and Ooracta or Ooractha, Carmana or Caminna, about which, however, little more is known than their names. » #840 vol. 1 p. 521 ※ SOURCE for Caiz Ces, que?, Caiz, dequais [Portuguese name] Qais [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Catæa « Nous ne connoîtrions point Catæa dans l’antiquité, si Néarque n’en avoit pas fait mention, et cependant il est aisé de voire qu’elle existe dans l’isle de Keish ou Caïs, comme les Portugais ont usé de ce nom selon Teixeira’ (d’Anville 1764:153).m » #2840 D Potts, The tools of an Enlightenment geographer: Unmasking the sources in Bourguignon d’Anville’s1758 treatise on the Persian Gulf, in: Edited by Jebrael Nokandeh and Abdolreza Dashtizadeh, The Persian Gulf, an Archaeological Perspective, National Museum of Iran, Qeshm, 2019, ~ p. 349 ※ SOURCE for Cataea « Hence the probability that it is the same island which is called Aphrodisias by Pliny (vi. 28), the situation of which is still further determined by his adding "inde Persidis initium." Perhaps the ancient name is preserved in the Modern Keish or Ken. (Vincent … » #840 vol. 1 p. 567 « Ptolemy mentions Harmuza ... and Tarsiana, on the coast; and Arrian (Ind. 37) adds Sidodone; and in the Interior of the country, Ora, Cophanta, Throasca or Orasca, Sabis, Alexandreia, and Carmana. ... Along the coast of Carmania were several islands, Organa, Catae, Aphrodisias, and Ooracta or Ooractha, Carmana or Caminna, about which, however, little more is known than their names. » #840 vol. 1 p. 521 ※ SOURCE for Ch'ieh-shih « 96 Jazireh Qais (Kish), island, 26° 31' N, in the Persian Gulf. [Feng, His-yü, p. 45] » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 1 p. 189 ※ SOURCE for Cuyx « fn.1 The list here given of the islands in the Persian Gulf gives all the principal islands which can be identified at present, with the exception of Kais, which was not subject to the rulers of Hormuz. The Spanish version and Ramusio give longer lists, adding the name of Cuyx or Ouixi (Kais) and three other unidentified islands, Quiro or Quuro, Melugan or Melungan, and Gory or Cori. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol. 1 pp. 79-80 ※ SOURCE for Guase « GUASE, or KENN, called also Keish by the inhabitants, in lat. 26º 29' N., its South point, Ion. 54° 2' E., is fruitful, well inhabited, and better planted with trees than any island in the gulf; it is low, not to be seen above 4 leagues, and is 6 or 7 miles in length, W.N.W. and E.S.E., and 3 or 4 miles in breadth. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ ed. 6, 1852, p. 414 ※ SOURCE for Kais « Polo is here either speaking without personal knowledge, or is so brief as to convey an erroneous impression that the Tigris flows to Kisi, whereas three-fourths of the length of the Persian Gulf intervene between the river mouth and Ivisi. The latter is the island and city of Kish or Kais, about 200 miles from the mouth of the Gulf, and for a long time one of the chief ports of trade with India and the East. » #2066 Yule, Henry, Sir, The book of Ser Marco Polo, the Venetian : concerning the kingdoms and marvels of the East, J. Murray, London, 1903 ~ vol. 1 p. 64 note 2 ※ SOURCE for Kays « KAYS, DJABAL, also known by the Persian name Kish, one of the most important of the commercially-relevant islands in the Persian Gulf (Bahr 'Uman), especially following the ruin of Straf. The island was some four farsakhs from the coast opposite the port of Huzū, and was four farsakhs in circumference; it contained a residence of the ruler of 'Uman, and was characterised by garden areas and splendid constructions. Water was supplied by means of wells, and by rain water which was collected in cisterns. Kays was famous for its pearl fisheries, as were also the surrounding islands. Yakut indicates that its ruler was held in great respect owing to the size of his fleet, and he seems to have exercised a monopoly over various commercial concerns. Some intellectual activity was also observed. Bibliography: G. le Strange, The Lands of the Eastern Caliphate, 257, citing relevant bibliography; 2151 Buldän ed. Wüstenfeld, iv, 215-6. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 4 p. 832 ※ SOURCE for Keish « Aphrodisias I., Keish [place] 26 32 N [lat.] 54 0 E [long.] 24 [no. of map] » #2678 Alexander George Findlay, A classical atlas to illustrate ancient geography, W. Tegg and Company, 1847 ~ index p.4 ※ SOURCE for Kenn « • "Keys" is marked "Kenn" on some modem maps, and lies within the Persian Gulf, about three degrees west of Hormuz Island, and half a degree south of its latitude. We shall hear a good deal more of it presently. It is the" Kais" of our charts and Tile Persian Gulf Pilot. » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ p.157 fn. 4 ※ SOURCE for Keys « He firſt paſſed over with his People to the large Iſland of Brokt, called by the Portugueze, Queixome, very near the Coaſt; and then removed to a deſart Iſle, two Leagues diſtant Eaſtward, which belonged to Neyn, King of Keys, of whom he begged it; and built a City, calling it Harmūz, which was the Name of his Capital on the Coaſt, [the Ruins of which are ſtill extant to the Eaſt of Gomrūn). » #2091 Thomas Astley, A New General Collection of Voyages and Travels ... in Europe, Asia, Africa and America ..., Also the Manners and Customs of the Several Inhabitants, London, 1745 ~ p. 65 notes ※ SOURCE for K'ié-shï « The country of K'ié-shï is on a sinall island in the sea, in sight of the Ta-shi (coast), » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 134 ※ SOURCE for Kish « KAYS, DJABAL, also known by the Persian name Kish, one of the most important of the commercially-relevant islands in the Persian Gulf (Bahr 'Uman), especially following the ruin of Straf. The island was some four farsakhs from the coast opposite the port of Huzū, and was four farsakhs in circumference; it contained a residence of the ruler of 'Uman, and was characterised by garden areas and splendid constructions. Water was supplied by means of wells, and by rain water which was collected in cisterns. Kays was famous for its pearl fisheries, as were also the surrounding islands. Yakut indicates that its ruler was held in great respect owing to the size of his fleet, and he seems to have exercised a monopoly over various commercial concerns. Some intellectual activity was also observed. Bibliography: G. le Strange, The Lands of the Eastern Caliphate, 257, citing relevant bibliography; 2151 Buldän ed. Wüstenfeld, iv, 215-6. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 4 p. 832 « The island of Qays (Kish), twelve miles from the Iranian coast, was known as a center for maritime raiding at the end of the eleventh century—what has been referred to as “a pirate hideout” by Piacentini—which developed into a relatively prosperous port that expanded outwards a century later with the fall of the Saljuqs. It was reported to have both Arab and Persian populations, with a particularly strong connection with Fars and its fading port city of Siraf, especially after an earthquake devastated Siraf in 978. Originally under nominal control of the Buyids, Qays gradually established its own thalassocratic city-state, which spread throughout the eastern Arabian seaboard, taking control of Sohar and Bahrain, and—according to Ibn al-Athir—even attacking Basra around 1100. » #2622 Eric Staples:, Oman and Islamic Maritime Networks (632–1507 CE), ~ p. 97 ※ SOURCE for Kite « Kite » in {map#1097 19 Persia, Arabia, Felix, Hacke, William., 1690?, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. G2201.P5 H3 1690} ※ SOURCE for Kyen or Kaez « KYEN, OR KAEZ, (called Gis by the inhabitants) in lat. 26° 29 N. lon. 54° 8' E., is fruitful, well inhabited, and better planted with trees than any island in the gulf; it is low, not to be seen above 4 leagues, and in size about the same as Pollior. A ship may anchor abreast the village at the south-east end of the island in 9 fathoms sandy bottom, the extremes from N. E. to W. N., and Cherak Hill N. by E. E., off shore 1 mile, where she will be sheltered from a N. Wester. Water and other refreshments are obtained here at moderate prices, but the inhabitants of these islands, although apparently civil, are generally hostile to Europeans in small vessels, and not to be trusted. There is also anchorage off the town at the N. E. end of the island in 8 fathoms mud, about 24 miles off shore, with the island bearing from N. 38° W. to S. 15° E. true, and a small fort S. 52° W. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ p. 261 ※ SOURCE for Kyte « Kyte » in #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006, ~ map no. 84 William Hack, [Chart of the Persian Gulf, in A Description of the Sea Coasts Ports Bays harbours Rivers etc. [...] in the East Indies. To the Right Honorable John Lord Sommers, chart n° 11, s.l. [London]: s.n., s.d. [c. 1680-1700] Coloured drawing on paper, 68 x 45 cm London, British Library (Maps 7 TAB. 125, map 11) pp. 332-333 ※ SOURCE for Ouixi « fn.1 The list here given of the islands in the Persian Gulf gives all the principal islands which can be identified at present, with the exception of Kais, which was not subject to the rulers of Hormuz. The Spanish version and Ramusio give longer lists, adding the name of Cuyx or Ouixi (Kais) and three other unidentified islands, Quiro or Quuro, Melugan or Melungan, and Gory or Cori. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol. 1 pp. 79-80 ※ SOURCE for Qais « Historians still know little beyond the occasional references by the Arab and Persian geographers about the medieval commercial relations between the Persian Gulf1 and East Africa. Until now questions relating to the extent of the trade and its importance for the commercial centers of Siraf, Kish (Qays, Qais, Kais), and Hurmuz (Ormuz, Hormuz) have remained unanswered.(2) fn. 2 The place names and trade routes provided in the maps have been drawn from G. LeStrange, The Lands of the Eastern Caliphate (London, 1905), 248; and J . Aubin, "La Survie de Shilau et la route du Khunj -o-Fal, Iran, VII (1969), 37. » #1196 Ricks, Thomas M., Persian Gulf Seafaring and East Africa: Ninth-Twelfth Centuries, African Historical Studies, Boston, 1970 ~ #1196 Ricks, Thomas M., Persian Gulf Seafaring and East Africa: Ninth-Twelfth Centuries, African Historical Studies, Boston, 1970 ~ p. 339 ※ SOURCE for Qais ben Umaira « … 1055, the city began to decay. Ibn al Balkhi, writing in the twelfth century, gives the reasons for its decline in such clearness of detail that he is worth quoting in full. He says: ‘Siraf in old times was a great city, very populous and full of merchandise, being the port of call for caravans and ships. Thus in the days of the (Abbasid) Caliphs it was a great emporium, for here might be found stores of attar and aromatics such as camphor, aloes, sandalwood and the like. (For its merchants) immense sums of money were to be gained here, and so matters continued till the last days of the Buyid supremacy. Then, however, the ancestors of the present Amir Kaysh (1) attained to power, and they got into their possession the island of Qais with the neighbouring islands, whereby the revenue that had formerly been taken by Siraf was cut off and fell into the hands of the Amir Kaysh. Further, the Atabeg Rukn ad Dawlah Khumartagin (when he had first been appointed governor of Fars) lacked power and statesmanship to provide a remedy for this state of affairs. None the less he did truly on one or two occasions proceed to Siraf with a view of building ships of war that should invade the island of Qais and the other isles, but each time that he did so the Amir Kaysh sent presents to him and gave bribes to those persons who were about him, so that they dissuaded him from accomplishing his project. Next it came to pass that a certain one of the khans (of Qais Island), named Abul Qasim, succeeded finally in getting possession of Siraf also, and then every year or two (Khumartagin) would dispatch an army thither with great effort (to make him evacuate Siraf), but he could accomplish nothing against him. Thus, therefore, as matters now stood, no merchant would bring his ship into the port of Siraf to refit, nor for shelter would any anchor there on the voyage to Kirman from Mahruban or Dawraq or Basra, wherefore no goods but leatherware and pots, and things that the people of Fars alone have need of, now passed by the road of Siraf, and thus the town fell to complete ruin.’ (2) This account suggests the middle of the eleventh century as the date of its decline. At all events, by Yaqut's time (early thirteenth century) its ruin appears to have been complete, for he states: 3 I have visited it and seen the remains of remarkable edifices as well as of a fine mosque adorned with columns of teak wood.... But since the island of Qais ben Umaira has been colonized, and has become the entrepôt of Indian trade, Siraf has lost its ancient splendour; I saw there only some very poor families who retained the love of their native soil.' Yaqut, further, implies polite disbelief on his part of the description of the splendour of Siraf given by writers who had preceded him: "Without wishing', he says, to contradict Istakhri's account, I would observe that Siraf is so cramped between the sea and the mountains, that there is between them only an arrow shot; it is thus difficult to accept the truth of his statement.' fn. 1 ‘Kaysh’ appears to have been the family name of the Amir of Qais Island fn. 2 Ibn al Balkhi (2). fn. 3 Mujam al Buldan. » #187 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., The Persian Gulf, an Historical Sketch from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century, George Allen and Unwin, London, 1928 ~ p. 95-6 ※ SOURCE for Qays « L’Édrisi ajoûte le même espace de cinquante-deux milles entre l’isle de Ben-Caûan, ou Kismis, et Keish [Qays]’ (d’Anville 1764:137).m » #2840 D Potts, The tools of an Enlightenment geographer: Unmasking the sources in Bourguignon d’Anville’s1758 treatise on the Persian Gulf, in: Edited by Jebrael Nokandeh and Abdolreza Dashtizadeh, The Persian Gulf, an Archaeological Perspective, National Museum of Iran, Qeshm, 2019, ~ p. 348 ※ SOURCE for Qeis « Les Persans appellent l'île Kish, et les Arabes, Qeis ; chacun d'eux donne une étymologie différente. » #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, Bruxelles, 1949 ~ p. 133 ※ SOURCE for Qeys Gnase of Kenn? See#482 Razik, Salil-Ibn, History of the Imâms and Seyyids of ’Omân ... from A.D. 661-1856. Translated from the original Arabic and edited, with notes, appendices, and an introduction, continuing the history down to 1870, by G. P. Badger, Darf Publishers Limited, London, 1871/1986 ~ p. 409 et seq ※ SOURCE for Syes « Syes» in {map#997 [Carte anglaise du golfe Persique] / Made by John Thornton at the Signe of the Platt in the Minories, John Thornton, 1699, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 209 DIV 2 P 5 RES} see AHduGP map 87 Qidah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788402 coordinate: lat 26.191221 long 56.222065 NIMA/GNS names: Qada , Qadah , Qidah , قدى , VARIANT names: Qidah , ※ SOURCE for Qidah « Qidah - Between Khasab and Ras Mas'ud.- Cove and village of 30 houses. - The village stands at the bottom of a little cove and has a considerable number of dates. The people are Bani Hadiyah Shihüh and own 6 fishing boats. » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 1593 Survey, design, consultants of water supply schemes for Tayibat, Ghrumdah, Fudhra, Bukha, Al Jadi, Al Jirri, Qidah, Kumzar, Habalayn, Shabus, Shairsah, Limah, Bayah #171 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Musandam Water Supply Schemes, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1975 ~ « Most of the plants were collected from around Khasab and from Wadi al ‘Ayn, and also from Wadi Qidah near Khagab, which appeared to have a richer flora. » #24 Falcon, N. L., The Musandam, Northern Oman, Expedition 1971-72, The Geographical Journal, London, 1973 139:1:1-19 ~ p. 15 more exact location Qidah 26°11'45.64"N 56°13'15.77"E 26.196011 56.221047 Qil'a-i-Madar-i-Shah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.814147 long 50.058633 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: This locationis 2.47 kms at bearing 135 from the official « Qal`eh Madreseh NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 14707126 » and is based on the description of R. Burn in 1894. VARIANT names: Karavanserail Qal'eh Madrasseh/Madresseh , Qaleh Madrasseh , Qil'a-i-Madar-i-Shah , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Qal'eh Madrasseh/Madresseh « Karavanserail Qal'eh Madrasseh/Madresseh (Taf. 2,1) (Abb. 4)28Lage: Am Bakhtiarenweg (Ahvaz Esfahan), 9 km westlich Pol-e Shalu und 28 km östlich von Izeh (Malamir) in +760 m ü.N.N. gelegen.Typ: Hofkaravanserail, soweit in ruinösem Zustand zu erkennen ist.Abmessungen: nicht vermessen.Baumaterial: Der Bau ist in gemörteltem Bruchstein-mauerwerk errichtet.stört. Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Sehr stark zer-Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Der Bau ist in spätsafavidischer oder qadja-rischer Zeit erbaut worden. » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 22 ※ SOURCE for Qaleh Madrasseh « The path follows the stream bed through a gorge known as TANG-I-KAF rising gradually. At 9 miles reach the tuins of QALEH MADRASSEH oZ8197; this is an ancient caravanserai mentioned in his travels by the famous Arab Historien IBN BATUTA. There are also 2 newer buildings in feir state of preservation, but abandoned. They served as a gendarmerie post. The road swings sharply right and follows another gorge, narrower and steeper than the preceding one;it is known as Teng-i-Qaleh Madrasseh. » #3559 Coll 28/130 ‘Persia. Tribal situation and recommended policy.’, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3546, in Qatar Digital Library, 1941-5 ~ p. 82/91 ※ SOURCE for Qil'a-i-Madar-i-Shah « After a few miles we reached a sort of ridge connecting the hills on either side. From the top we saw a rather narrow valley with low hills on either side, and plunging into it, found the descent rough, especially at the end, where we came on two gorges branching north-west and north-by-east, there being a ruined fort called the Qil'a-i-Madar-i-Shah, the usual halting place at the junction. » #3563 Burn, R., The Bakhtiari Hills, an Itinerary of the road from Isfahan to Shustar, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 1897 vol. LXVI:pp 170-9 ~ p. 176 Qir (old) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10391249 coordinate: lat 28.4626 long 53.0319 NIMA/GNS names: Qir , قیر , VARIANT names: Qir , Qir (old) , ※ SOURCE for Qir « Kārzin, Qir and Abzar(1). Kārzin is a medium-sized town: and Qir is a small town, as likewise is Abzar. All three are of the hot region, and there are abundant palm-trees here. The water is from the Zakan river; and in Kārzin is a strong castle, to which water is drawn up from the Zakan. fn. 1 All three famous in the times of the Arab geographers. Kārzin is now merely a village, Qir is a township, and Abzar town was probably at Nim Dih, the capital of the Afzar District, half a league east of Ab-i-Garm. » #3133 trans. G. Le Strange, The Geographical Part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub¯ Composed by Hamd-Allāh Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 117 ※ SOURCE for Qir (old) « 972 April 10 Qir-Karzin. Throughout March 1972 a swarm of shocks in the districts of Hingam and western Karzin had forced the people to live outside their homes. Early on the morning of 21 Farvardin 1351 a destructive earthquake shook central Fars, almost totally destroying the dihistans of Qir, Karzin and Afzar. (409) The earth- quake was preceded by a number of foreshocks, which at Hingam and Sarbisheh were sufficiently strong to forewarn the inhabitants. The shock nevertheless killed 5010 and injured 1710 people in 50 villages, a loss of life that amounts to about 20% of the population of the region.(410) The town of Qir, the only large settlement and centre of exchange for the Khamaseh and Qashqai tribes, was totally destroyed and almost three-quarters of its 5000 inhabitants perished. Other villages and winter camps were totally destroyed (figure 3.55). (411) fn. 409 The destructive earthquake of 14 September 1968 and the unprecedented rains early in 1972 had already weakened many houses in the region.fn. 410 The final official damage and casualty estimates were found to he unreliable. In many instances casualty figures were reckoned by subtracting the number of survivors from the official census of the villages. Later surveys showed that of the total number killed, 15% were men, 25% women and 60% children.fn. 411 The earthquake was investigated in the field by Ambraseys et al. 1972: Haghipour et al. 1972: Razani and Lee 1973a. 19735: Dewey and Granta 1973: Moinfar 1972; McQuillan 1973; Sobouti et al. 1972. The seismological aspects of the event were studied by Dewey and Grantz 1973: Niazi 1973, 1977: North 1972, » #3142 by N. N. Ambraseys and C. P. Melville, A History of Persian Earthquakes, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2005 ~ p. 101 « Characteristic of the Qir oasis are water pipes that consist of a sloping channel into which the water is drawn from a well. In several places, smaller water channels branch off from the main channel. The entire complex is about 100 m long and built of rubble stone (Table 86, 3). The Friday Mosque was destroyed beyond recognition by an earthquake. In the ruins there are some beautiful gravestones from the last century (see Chapter 3). » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 184 Qir va Karzin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLA2 UFI: -3080296 coordinate: lat 28.4825 long 53.0346 NIMA/GNS names: Qir , Qir va Karzin , قیر , قیر و کارزین , VARIANT names: Qir va Karzin , Qir-o-Karzin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.384332 long 53.068868 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: approximate centre of Qir-o-Karzin county Fars Province VARIANT names: Chah Kazimeh , Qir-o-Karzin , ※ SOURCE for Chah Kazimeh « 106. The following route, with occasional deviations (as necessity arises), is used by the Ilkhani: Chah Kazimeh (Qir Kārzān). » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 58 Qishn : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3190738 coordinate: lat 15.424089 long 51.678362 NIMA/GNS names: Qishn , قشن , VARIANT names: al-Mishqas , Caicm , Caixem , Qishn , ※ SOURCE for al-Mishqas « Caixem [Portuguese name] al-Mishqas [Arab name] Qishn [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Caicm in {map#897 Carte de l'Océan Indien, John Burston, 1665, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 213 DIV 3 P 4 RES} ※ SOURCE for Caixem « Caixem [Portuguese name] al-Mishqas [Arab name] Qishn [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Qishn « Caixem [Portuguese name] al-Mishqas [Arab name] Qishn [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 Qkhar : arch. site IRN UTM: 5200, 2930 converted to coordinate: lat 29.5 long 52 VARIANT names: Qkhar , ※ SOURCE for Qkhar « Other variants: none Details: See 113. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Qom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080355 coordinate: lat 34.6401 long 50.8764 NIMA/GNS names: Ghom , Qom , Qum , قم , VARIANT names: Comes , Kum , Qom , ※ SOURCE for Comes « The 16th daye at night we came to the fayre citie Comes [Qum], weh lieth on a plaine. ... Here we picht in a pomgranet garden, haueing traveled 6 lges, In this towne ther is a fine marked [market] place. Here we stayed the 17th daye. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 65 ※ SOURCE for Kum « For the golden dot is the dome of the great and most sacred mosque of Kum. Kum is one of those cities to which, renowned for their sanctity, pilgrims flock on their earthly journey towards Paradise. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 296 QS103 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 26.835287 long 55.964867 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: QS103 , ※ SOURCE for QS103 #2880 Alireza Khosrowzadeh, Abolfazl Aali and Lloyd Weeks, Newly Discovered Bronze Age Archaeological Sites on Qeshm Island, Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 2017 ~ Fig. 3 The distribution of Bronze Age sites in the surveyed areas of Qeshm Island. p. 125 QS104 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 26.838567 long 55.94886 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: QS104 , ※ SOURCE for QS104 #2880 Alireza Khosrowzadeh, Abolfazl Aali and Lloyd Weeks, Newly Discovered Bronze Age Archaeological Sites on Qeshm Island, Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 2017 ~ Fig. 3 The distribution of Bronze Age sites in the surveyed areas of Qeshm Island. p. 125 QS105 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 26.826441 long 55.953882 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: QS105 , ※ SOURCE for QS105 #2880 Alireza Khosrowzadeh, Abolfazl Aali and Lloyd Weeks, Newly Discovered Bronze Age Archaeological Sites on Qeshm Island, Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 2017 ~ Fig. 3 The distribution of Bronze Age sites in the surveyed areas of Qeshm Island. p. 125 QS106 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 26.817121 long 55.953336 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: QS106 , ※ SOURCE for QS106 #2880 Alireza Khosrowzadeh, Abolfazl Aali and Lloyd Weeks, Newly Discovered Bronze Age Archaeological Sites on Qeshm Island, Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 2017 ~ Fig. 3 The distribution of Bronze Age sites in the surveyed areas of Qeshm Island. p. 125 QS112 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 26.846998 long 55.975288 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: QS112 , ※ SOURCE for QS112 #2880 Alireza Khosrowzadeh, Abolfazl Aali and Lloyd Weeks, Newly Discovered Bronze Age Archaeological Sites on Qeshm Island, Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 2017 ~ Fig. 3 The distribution of Bronze Age sites in the surveyed areas of Qeshm Island. p. 125 QS132 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 26.937608 long 55.79533 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: QS132 , ※ SOURCE for QS132 #2711 Alireza Khosrowzadeh, The Second Season of the Archaeological Survey of the Qeshm Island, Iran, Iranian Journal of Archaeological Studies, 2014 ~ fig. 11 p. 33 QS133 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 26.93428 long 55.799021 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: QS133 , ※ SOURCE for QS133 #2880 Alireza Khosrowzadeh, Abolfazl Aali and Lloyd Weeks, Newly Discovered Bronze Age Archaeological Sites on Qeshm Island, Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 2017 ~ Fig. 3 The distribution of Bronze Age sites in the surveyed areas of Qeshm Island. p. 125 QS182 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 26.675404 long 55.673071 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: QS182 , ※ SOURCE for QS182 #2711 Alireza Khosrowzadeh, The Second Season of the Archaeological Survey of the Qeshm Island, Iran, Iranian Journal of Archaeological Studies, 2014 ~ fig. 11 p. 33 QS5 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 26.87981 long 56.153955 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: QS5 , ※ SOURCE for QS5 #2880 Alireza Khosrowzadeh, Abolfazl Aali and Lloyd Weeks, Newly Discovered Bronze Age Archaeological Sites on Qeshm Island, Iran, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 2017 ~ Fig. 3 The distribution of Bronze Age sites in the surveyed areas of Qeshm Island. p. 125 Qubayr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3109791 coordinate: lat 32.5130556 long 46.5847222 NIMA/GNS names: Ghubair , Ghubayr , Qubair , Qubayr , VARIANT names: Qubayr , Qubbah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3071711 coordinate: lat 28.6505 long 53.1908 NIMA/GNS names: Kobeh , Kowbeh , Kubeh , Qubbah , کبه , VARIANT names: Qubbah , Qubbeh , ※ SOURCE for Qubbeh « Qubbeh and Dasht-i-Dal are in a circular plain perhaps 5 miles across, in which there are many other villages. This is the district of Simakan (i.e., 30 places). Before reaching Dasht-i-Dal at 9 miles » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 479 Quchan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080451 coordinate: lat 37.105997 long 58.509547 NIMA/GNS names: Gochan , Quchan , قوچان , VARIANT names: Quchan , Qudaymah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -788422 coordinate: lat 21.322667 long 59.116457 NIMA/GNS names: Qudaima , Qudaymah , VARIANT names: Coutreki , Qudaymah , ※ SOURCE for Coutreki « Coutreki » located on (map [853] Partie, l'Arabie. Asie 92., Vandermaelen, Philippe, 1827, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 2212.124) 9 km on a heading of 345° from Qudaymah [PBR] ※ SOURCE for Qudaymah not sure how I came across this name but checking it out it is listed in NIMA and in #2641 United States. Office of Geography, Arabian Peninsula, Official Standard Names Approved by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names, Office of Geography, 1961 ~ p. 340 as « QUDAIMA SEE QUDAYMAH WLL 21 20 N 59 05 E » and « QUDAYMAH WLL 21 20 N 59 05 E » [PBR] Quetta : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2772048 coordinate: lat 30.2 long 67 NIMA/GNS names: Kotah , Kwatah , Quetta , Shal , Shalkot , VARIANT names: Quetta , Quhaid : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -788427 coordinate: lat 21.176407 long 58.943816 NIMA/GNS names: Quhaid , VARIANT names: Haidd , Qaryat Juhayd , Qi Haid , Quhaid , ※ SOURCE for Haidd « The Wahiba Sands (Ramlat Ahl Wahïbah) were surveyed in 1986-1987 by Christopher Edens (1988). In the middle of these sands, the environs of the village of Qi Haid (Haidd or Quhayd, N 21° 10' 35" E 58° 56' 37") produced evidence of a lithic industry composed of points on 'worked blanks' called 'Fasad points', and some Neolithic bifacial arrowheads. » #2647 Vincent Charpentier, Jean-François Berger, Rémy Crassard, Marc Lacaze and Gourguen Davtian, Prehistory and palaeo-geography of the coastal fringes of the Wahiba Sands and Bar al-Hikman, Sultanate of Oman, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2012 vol. 42:pp. 57-78 ~ p.58 ※ SOURCE for Qaryat Juhayd the site « Qaryat Juhayd » in the (map [863] A map showing the Arabian Sea coast from Ras al-Hadd to Bar al-Hikman., Hélène David, 2012, #2647 Vincent Charpentier, Jean-François Berger, Rémy Crassard, Marc Lacaze and Gourguen Davtian, Prehistory and palaeo-geography of the coastal fringes of the Wahiba Sands and Bar al-Hikman, Sultanate of Oman, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2012 vol. 42:pp. 57-78 ~) ※ SOURCE for Qi Haid « The Wahiba Sands (Ramlat Ahl Wahïbah) were surveyed in 1986-1987 by Christopher Edens (1988). In the middle of these sands, the environs of the village of Qi Haid (Haidd or Quhayd, N 21° 10' 35" E 58° 56' 37") produced evidence of a lithic industry composed of points on 'worked blanks' called 'Fasad points', and some Neolithic bifacial arrowheads. » #2647 Vincent Charpentier, Jean-François Berger, Rémy Crassard, Marc Lacaze and Gourguen Davtian, Prehistory and palaeo-geography of the coastal fringes of the Wahiba Sands and Bar al-Hikman, Sultanate of Oman, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2012 vol. 42:pp. 57-78 ~ p.58 Qumaylah 1 (QM1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK738298 converted to coordinate: lat 21.9512499873065 long 59.6509732882819 VARIANT names: Qumaylah 1 (QM1) , ※ SOURCE for Qumaylah 1 (QM1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Qumaylah 2 (QM2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK737294 converted to coordinate: lat 21.947655639618 long 59.6499389165385 VARIANT names: Qumaylah 2 (QM2) , ※ SOURCE for Qumaylah 2 (QM2) « Mound (islamic?) » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Quoins : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: ISLS UFI: -786284 coordinate: lat 26.491944 long 56.525278 NIMA/GNS names: As Salama wa Banat-ha , As Salamah wa Banatuha , Banat Salama , Banat Salamah , Quoins , Salamah wa Binatahah , Salamah-wa-Binat-Ha , VARIANT names: Quoins , Qurayat : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788441 coordinate: lat 23.26298 long 58.920142 NIMA/GNS names: Al Quraiyat , Al Qurayyat , Karyat al Kabira , Koriat , Kuryat , Qaryat al-Kabirah , Quraiyat , Qurayat , Qurayyat , Quryat , قريات , VARIANT names: Al-kuriyyatain , Curiate , Curion , Kirjat , Ku-li-ya , Qiryat , Quelba , Qurayat , ※ SOURCE for Al-kuriyyatain « Curiate (Curiat in the Spanish version, Curion in Ribero's map) is called Al-Kuriyyāt by Ibn Batuta and Kiryat in modern times. It is probably Idrisi's Al-kuriyyatain, which he mentions as one of the towns of Arabia (Jaubert's Idrisi, I, p. 147). Ibn Batuta also gives no description, but simply says that 'Oman contains several towns, of which he mentions Zaki, Al-Kuriyyat, Shabā, Kalbā, Khawr-Fukkan, and Sohär. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol. 1 p. 70 fn.2 « Déjà Idrisi connaît Kirjat sous le nom de Al-Karyatin; Batoutah î’apelle Kuryyat. Les cartographes portugais l’appellent en général Curiate; et sur la carte de Ribero (pl. CLXVIII), elle est marquée Curion. » #1119 Kammerer, M. Albert, La Mer Rouge l'Abyssinie et l'Arabie depuis l'Antiquité. Essai d'Histoire et de Géographie historique. II: Les Guerres du Poivre / Les Portugais dans l'Océan Indien et la Mer Rouge au XVIe siècle / Histoire de la Cartographie Orientale., Mémoires de la Soc. Royale d'Egypte XVI, Cairo, 1935 ~ vol. 2 pt. 1 p. 125 fn. 4 ※ SOURCE for Curiate « Curiate [Portuguese name] Kuryat (Qiryat) [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 « haverá oitenta e sete léguas de costa, em que jazem êstes lugares do mesmo reino: Calaiate, Curiate, Mascate, Soar, Calaja, Orfação, Doba e Lima, que fica oito léguas ante de chegar ao Cabo Muçandão » [there will be eighty-seven leagues of coast, in which these places of the same kingdom lie: Calaiate, Curiate, Muscat, Soar, Calaja, Orfação, Doba and Lima, which is eight leagues before reaching Cabo Muçandão] #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ vol. 1 p354 « Descripção da Fortaleza de Curiate -A fortaleza de Curiate, de Sua Magestade, está doze legoas antes de Mascate pera o Cabo de Rosalgate, sita na costa braba, a borda da praya, onde não ha rio nem emceada nenhua mais que hum ilheo pegado e continuo com a terra firme, que he somente ilheo em lançar ao mar hum outeiro pequeno, o qual em aguoas vivas fica em nado. Neste lugar se abrigão alguas embarcações pequenas de pescadores do sul e sudueste, porque pera mayores não tem fundo. Ao longo delle, está² neste³ ilheo feito hum baluarte, couza pequena, do tamanho de hua caza, de des paços andantes de praça, em quadro, que se fes pera vigiar daqui artelharia pera o campo e o mar (oje não tem nenhua). … » #821 Bocarro, António, O livro das plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoac¸o~es do estado da I´ndia Oriental, Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 1937-40: 1992, Series: 442 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 43 « Das igrejas de Congo, Soar, Curiate e Dobba. » [From the churches of Congo, Soar, Curiate and Dobba.] 2857 #2857 ed. Silva Rego, A. da, Documentação para a História das Missões do Padroado Português do Oriente – Índia, Agência Geral das Ultramar, Lisboa, 1955 ~ vol. 11 p. 209 ※ SOURCE for Curion « Curiate (Curiat in the Spanish version, Curion in Ribero's map) is called Al-Kuriyyāt by Ibn Batuta and Kiryat in modern times. It is probably Idrisi's Al-kuriyyatain, which he mentions as one of the towns of Arabia (Jaubert's Idrisi, I, p. 147). Ibn Batuta also gives no description, but simply says that 'Oman contains several towns, of which he mentions Zaki, Al-Kuriyyat, Shabā, Kalbā, Khawr-Fukkan, and Sohär. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol. 1 p. 70 fn.2 « Déjà Idrisi connaît Kirjat sous le nom de Al-Karyatin; Batoutah î’apelle Kuryyat. Les cartographes portugais l’appellent en général Curiate; et sur la carte de Ribero (pl. CLXVIII), elle est marquée Curion. » #1119 Kammerer, M. Albert, La Mer Rouge l'Abyssinie et l'Arabie depuis l'Antiquité. Essai d'Histoire et de Géographie historique. II: Les Guerres du Poivre / Les Portugais dans l'Océan Indien et la Mer Rouge au XVIe siècle / Histoire de la Cartographie Orientale., Mémoires de la Soc. Royale d'Egypte XVI, Cairo, 1935 ~ vol. 2 pt. 1 p. 125 fn. 4 ※ SOURCE for Kirjat « Déjà Idrisi connaît Kirjat sous le nom de Al-Karyatin; Batoutah î’apelle Kuryyat. Les cartographes portugais l’appellent en général Curiate; et sur la carte de Ribero (pl. CLXVIII), elle est marquée Curion. » #1119 Kammerer, M. Albert, La Mer Rouge l'Abyssinie et l'Arabie depuis l'Antiquité. Essai d'Histoire et de Géographie historique. II: Les Guerres du Poivre / Les Portugais dans l'Océan Indien et la Mer Rouge au XVIe siècle / Histoire de la Cartographie Orientale., Mémoires de la Soc. Royale d'Egypte XVI, Cairo, 1935 ~ vol. 2 pt. 1 p. 125 fn. 4 ※ SOURCE for Ku-li-ya Quraiyat village, 23° 16' N #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 2 p. 298 ※ SOURCE for Qiryat « Curiate [Portuguese name] Kuryat (Qiryat) [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Quelba « Discripssão da Fortaleza de Quelba - Antes de Corfacan tres legoas esta a fortaleza de Quelba, hum tiro de falcão pella terra dentro, entre huns palmares. Feita em coadro, terá cada lanço de muro quinze pera dezasseis braças, com quatro beluartes nos quatros cantos e hum que fica vindo a porta de cavaleiro, e mais dous baluartes ao redor da povoação, que a fica defendendo, com distancia de tiro d'espingarda hum do outro. O muro da fortaleza he de adobes, de dous palmos e meo de largo, sem parapeito, e de quatro braças de altura, feita ao modo dos mouros. Tem mais na praya hum beluarte pequeno, pera defença dos pescadores. O prezidio que lhe asiste, na fortaleza e neste baluarte, sam trinta lascarins com hum seu capitão, a quem se paga o mesmo que em Mascate. E a despeza se tira da terra, como sempre pagavão quando era senhoreado de mouros. Nem aqui nem em Corfacam temos artelharia mais que a spingarderia dos mesmos lascarins. Tomou esta fortaleza aos mouros Gaspar Pereira Leite, por mando do Capi- tão Geral Rui Freire, em Março de seiscentos e vinte e quatro, por aver sido del-Rey de Ormus, vaçallo de Sua Magestade, e se lhe levantar com ella chamavão Casmi. [f. 32] » #821 Bocarro, António, O livro das plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoac¸o~es do estado da I´ndia Oriental, Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 1937-40: 1992, Series: 442 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 58 ※ SOURCE for Qurayat « South-eastern Oman therefore has the possibility of access to two main sets of ports, one around the southern end of the Batina, Matrah-Muscat but in the past Dama (al-Sib), or in the south-east at Sur, but historically also Qalhat. The other ports on the coast of the Hajar al-Sharqi, notably Qurayat and Tiwi, have been of little importance, but it is worth noting that Qurayat and its hinterland enjoyed a period of considerable prosperity as a coastal centre, independent of Hormuzi controlled Qalhat, in Nabahina times, until destroyed by the Portuguese. » #84 Wilkinson, John C., The Imamate Tradition Of Oman, Cambridge University Press, New York, 1987 ~ p. 31 Qurnah : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3102736 coordinate: lat 31.0158333 long 47.4305556 NIMA/GNS names: Al Qurna , Al Qurnah , Qurnah , VARIANT names: Apamia , Corna , Gorno , Khorna , Kourna , Qurnah , ※ SOURCE for Apamia « Apamia » in {map#1081 L'Euphrate et le Tigre / Par le Sr d'Anville, Anville, Jean-Baptiste d', 1779, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE D-14899} « The town of Bussorah is seated near the western bank of the combined streams of the Euphrates and Tigris, about fifty miles below the point of their union at Kourna,(3) and seventy above the point of their discharge into the sea. fn. 3 Kourna, at the junction of the Tigris and Euphrates, is one of the three Apameas built by Seleucus, in honour of his first wife, Apamea. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971 ~ p. 360 ※ SOURCE for Corna « CORNA, lugar de-Kurna ou Qurnah, em 31° 02' lat. N. e 47° 28' long. E., na Mesopotâmia, na confluência dos rios Tigre ou Tigris e Eufrates. [João de Bar- ros-Da Ásia] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 270 « Corna » in {map#1046 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 8R, Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see AHduGP map 32 ※ SOURCE for Gorno « The Euphrates appears always to have formed its principal junction with the Tigris at Gorno, or Khorna ; but as , from the most early ages , it sent off canals on both sides , for the purposes of agriculture or communication, so it has happened that one of these which passed by Old Basra, and fell into the Khore Abdillah, has been mistaken by Pliny and Arrian for the real mouth. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p. 432 ※ SOURCE for Khorna « Khorna signifies an horn (361) in Arabic, evidently marking its connexion with the Greck, Latin, and English; and here the river divides upwards in that form. From Khorna, down to the division of the stream again which embraces the Delta, is the part properly called the Shat-el-Arab, or river of the Arabs. … The junction formed at Khorna was certainly known to Ptolemy, and, I am persuaded, was the grand confluence in all ages; fn. 361 The era of Dil-kharnim, or Alexander, from his figure with the borns of Hammon, as is supposed by some, is well known in Asia; and in this compound we find the plural of Kharna, or Khorna.» #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ p. 422 « The Euphrates appears always to have formed its principal junction with the Tigris at Gorno, or Khorna ; but as , from the most early ages , it sent off canals on both sides , for the purposes of agriculture or communication, so it has happened that one of these which passed by Old Basra, and fell into the Khore Abdillah, has been mistaken by Pliny and Arrian for the real mouth. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p. 432 ※ SOURCE for Kourna « The town of Bussorah is seated near the western bank of the combined streams of the Euphrates and Tigris, about fifty miles below the point of their union at Kourna,(3) and seventy above the point of their discharge into the sea. fn. 3 Kourna, at the junction of the Tigris and Euphrates, is one of the three Apameas built by Seleucus, in honour of his first wife, Apamea. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971 ~ p. 360 ※ SOURCE for Qurnah Amara, Qalat Salih, Turaba, Azair and Qurnah all match up with modern populated places in {map#1079 The Marshes, Thesiger, , #120 Thesiger, Wilfred P., The Marsh Arabs, Pengiun Books Ltd., London, 1967 ~} Qurr Hammam 16 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 581 561 converted to coordinate: lat 23.10609 long 58.5438 VARIANT names: Qurr Hammam 16 , ※ SOURCE for Qurr Hammam 16 « Field system, mudbrick structure » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 43 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Qurr Hammam 17 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 581 565 converted to coordinate: lat 23.1097 long 58.54384 VARIANT names: Qurr Hammam 17 , ※ SOURCE for Qurr Hammam 17 « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 43 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 21.428755 long 59.272585 VARIANT names: Qurun , ※ SOURCE for Qurun in « Figure 13. Palaeo-geography : the ria of Qurun , Khuwaymah and Ra3s Jibsh archaeological sites » #2647 Vincent Charpentier, Jean-François Berger, Rémy Crassard, Marc Lacaze and Gourguen Davtian, Prehistory and palaeo-geography of the coastal fringes of the Wahiba Sands and Bar al-Hikman, Sultanate of Oman, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2012 ~ p. 67 Qusairat Ad : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3098388 coordinate: lat 22.2 long 46.7666667 NIMA/GNS names: Qusairat Ad , Qusayrat `Ad , VARIANT names: Qusairat Ad , QusayAr : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3190823 coordinate: lat 14.937778 long 50.337222 NIMA/GNS names: Qusaiyir , Qusay`ar , Qusay`ir , Qusei`ar , VARIANT names: QusayAr , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Qusay`ar FOR Thialemath [Sprenger], ※ SOURCE for QusayAr not Al Qusayr at 15.8802778, 44.0091667 Qutbabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080417 coordinate: lat 28.641242 long 53.638354 NIMA/GNS names: Kowtbabad , Qotbabad , Qutbabad , قطب آباد , VARIANT names: Cut-bobbo , Ikhwanabad , Khob-Abad , Kutbabad , Qutbabad , ※ SOURCE for Cut-bobbo « The next (the two and twenty of February) by the way we had fome ſport in diflod ging a wild Bore, but neither ſhot nor dogs reaching him we made Cut-bobbo our manzeil; » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132 « That night we made Cut-bobbaw [Qutbābād] our manzeel; » #3247 ed. Foster, William, Thomas Herbert travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ p. 66 ※ SOURCE for Ikhwanabad « Il était lié avec les shaikhs Khunji de Lar dont il vient d'être fait mention, (100) Un des soufis sunnites les plus influents en Färs à la veille de la conquête safavide, Qutb al-Din Muhammad b. Muhyi al-Din Kush- knāri, dit Qutb-i Muhyi, fonda à proximité de Jahrum une communauté qu'il appela Ikhwānābād. (101) C'est le Qutbābād actuel, à trois lieues au nord de Jahrum, au carrefour des routes de Shiraz, de Fasā et de Lär. fn. 100 Sakhawi, op. cit., VIII, no. 17, p. 37-38 (où il est dit qu'avant d'aller à Jahrum il séjourna à "Bar"; faute d'impression pour Lår? ou Bar/Bal pour Fal ?), et cf. VI, p. 306. fn. 101 Cf. un extrait de sa correspondance dans Yad-dāsht-hay-i Qazwini VI (Téhéran 1341 s.), p. 156. Voir la notice de Lāri, Mir'at al-adwär, ms. B. N. Paris, Suppl. persan 169, fol. 245a.[He was linked with the Khunji shaikhs of Lar who have just been mentioned, (100) One of the most influential Sunni Sufis in Färs on the eve of the Safavid conquest, Qutb al-Din Muhammad b. Muhyi al-Din Kushknāri, known as Qutb-i Muhyi, founded a community near Jahrum which he called Ikhwānābād. (101) This is the current Qutbābād, three leagues north of Jahrum, at the crossroads of the roads of Shiraz, Fasā and Lär. fn. 100 Sakhawi, op. cit., VIII, no. 17, p. 37-38 (where it is said that before going to Jahrum he stayed at "Bar"; misprint for Lår? or Bar/Bal for Fal?), and cf. VI, p. 306. fn. 101 Cf. an extract from his correspondence in Yad-dāsht-hay-i Qazwini VI (Tehran 1341 ff.), p. 156. See the notice of Lāri, Mir'at al-adwär, ms. B. N. Paris, Suppl. Persian 169, fol. 245a.] » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ p. 33 ※ SOURCE for Khob-Abad « A une lieue de la jonction des deux rou- tes, nous apercevons le village de Khob-Abad. Le chemin est uni et bordé de champs plantés de tembeki. [A league from the junction of the two roads, we see the village of Khob-Abad. The path is level and bordered by fields planted with tembeki.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 456 ※ SOURCE for Kutbabad « Kutbābād » in Map 1. The routes from Shiraz to the Gulf via Lår (1638-1706). (After Jacqueline Calmard, Les routes de Chiraz au Golfe Persique.) #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 5 p. 666 ※ SOURCE for Qutbabad « At 1 mile track bifurcates, north to Khafr, south to Haidarābād; take south track. At 2 miles track bifurcates again just west of Jumgun; many gardens and excellent water from qanāts. One track goes to Khafr, the S. one to Haidarābād. Take latter, and reach last named at 3 miles, walled village: water from ganāt. Track here bifurcates north to Qutbābād, S. to Bab Arab and Deh Zir; take S. track. At 10 miles date groves of Bab' Arab and Deh Zir at foot tail of Küh-i-Fasā are visible. Bāb' Arab bears S.-E., Deh Zir E. At this point track diverges direct to Deh Zir, reached at 16 miles. Ab-i- Fasā dry in summer and always fordable, crossed at 12 miles. At 14 miles pass water (brackish) and cultivation. At 16 miles walled village of Deh Zir, walled gardens. Kalantar Muhammd Hussain Khan, of bad reputati » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 136 R. Murdefil : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.821872 long 49.680598 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: R. Murdefil , ※ SOURCE for R. Murdefil « R. Murdefil » in {map#1363 in #3538 Captain H. E. Wells, Surveying Tours in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, vol. 5:no. 3:pp. 138-163 ~ fig. map to accompany article} « R. Murdefil » in {map#1363 in #3538 Captain H. E. Wells, Surveying Tours in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, vol. 5:no. 3:pp. 138-163 ~ fig. map to accompany article} R100 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5621, 2821 converted to coordinate: lat 28.35 long 56.35 VARIANT names: R100 , ※ SOURCE for R100 « Other variants: none Details: See R6. The Site Card is marked with the caption ‘cairns on Rd to Dih Sheck'. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 R101 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5511, 2819 converted to coordinate: lat 28.3166666666667 long 55.1833333333333 VARIANT names: R101 , ※ SOURCE for R101 « Other variants: none Details: The Site Card for R101 has no toponym, however the site is described by Prickett as being located Northwest of Qal'a Nau-Furg and 1km West of the ruined fortified village of ?Bini (1986a: 1249). The site itself may be marked at Qal'eh Now where there are a group of ruins (Adamec, ???.1989: Map Sheet 48-C). Adamec'? location has been given. No. of sherds: 646 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 R102 Forg : arch. site IRN UTM: 5511, 2819 converted to coordinate: lat 28.3166666666667 long 55.1833333333333 VARIANT names: R102 Forg , ※ SOURCE for R102 Forg « Other variants: none Details: The location of Forg is given as 80m South of R101 (Prickett, 1986a: 1249). See R101. No. of sherds: 19 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 R120 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2917 converted to coordinate: lat 29.2833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: R120 , ※ SOURCE for R120 « Other variants: none Details: The Site Card for R120 has no toponym, however the site is described by Prickett as being located 7km Northwest of Ibrahimabad and 600 - 700m from the Ibrahimabad - 'Aliabad Rd. (1986a: 1247). The locations of these places are marked (Adamec, 1989: Map Sheet41-D) and a position estimated from the description has been given. No. of sherds: 80 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 R15 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5637, 2825 converted to coordinate: lat 28.4166666666667 long 56.6166666666667 VARIANT names: R15 , ※ SOURCE for R15 « Other variants: none Details: See R6. No. of sherds: 11 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 R20 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5636, 2823 converted to coordinate: lat 28.3833333333333 long 56.6 VARIANT names: R20 , ※ SOURCE for R20 « Other variants: none Details: See R6. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 R21 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5636, 2820 converted to coordinate: lat 28.3333333333333 long 56.6 VARIANT names: R21 , ※ SOURCE for R21 « Other variants: none Details: See R6. No. of sherds: 41 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 R26 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5635, 2821 converted to coordinate: lat 28.35 long 56.5833333333333 VARIANT names: R26 , ※ SOURCE for R26 « Other variants: none Details: See R6. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 R27 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5636, 2819 converted to coordinate: lat 28.3166666666667 long 56.6 VARIANT names: R27 , ※ SOURCE for R27 « Other variants: none Details: See R6. No. of sherds: 12 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 R28 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5636, 2819 converted to coordinate: lat 28.3166666666667 long 56.6 VARIANT names: R28 , ※ SOURCE for R28 « Other variants: none Details: See R6. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 R6 : arch. site IRN UTM: 56373, 28213 converted to coordinate: lat 28.35 long 57.2166666666667 VARIANT names: R6 , ※ SOURCE for R6 « Other variants: none Details: The site has no toponym, however the location is marked (Prickett, 1986a: 1131, fig. 6.1). No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Rabat-i Audan : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 36.56702821 long 65.32417065 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rabat-i Audan , ※ SOURCE for Rabat-i Audan « 2219. RABAT-I AUDAN Original: Lat. 36º 370 N, long. 65º 250 E. Map 24. Revised: 36.56702821 N, 65.32417065 E / 36º 340 01.30155240 N, 65º 190 27.01432920 E approx. Faryāb Province. 41 km from Shibarghān on the road to Daulatābād. Description: A ruined caravanserai with a large domed cistern. Fieldwork: 1885 Peacocke, ABC—topographical survey. Source: Peacocke 1887a: 108—mention. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 444 Rabat-i Ghandau : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 34.50604605 long 62.17014573 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rabat-i Ghandau , ※ SOURCE for Rabat-i Ghandau « 2222. RABAT-I GHANDAU Original: Lat. 34º 290 N, long. 62º 100 E. Map 52. Revised: 34.50604605 N, 62.17014573 E / 34º 300 21.76576632 N, 62º 100 12.52462548 E. Herat Province. 5.6 km from Parwāna in a hollow to the left of the road to Sinjau. Description: Ruins of an old caravanserai. Fieldwork: 1885 Peacocke, ABC—topographical survey. Source: Peacocke 1887a: 191—mention. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 444 Rabat-i Sapcha : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 34.1570075 long 62.22498038 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rabat-i Sapcha , Raber : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080562 coordinate: lat 29.2912 long 56.9131 NIMA/GNS names: Raber , Rabor , Rabur , Rahbur , رابر , VARIANT names: Raber , Rabi : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786240 coordinate: lat 24.20482 long 56.23308 NIMA/GNS names: Ar Rabi , Rabi , الرابي , VARIANT names: Rabi , ※ SOURCE for Rabi « Wadi Jizzi runs through the northern range of the Hajar Al Gharbi, connecting the oasis of Buraimi and the Batinah Coast. Unlike Wadi Samail, there are few tower ruins along Wadi Jizzi. The main towers to be seen today are at Al Hail (below), Al Rabi and Al Wasit, located about half-way between Sohar and Buraimi. Al Hail and Al Rabi are opposite each other on the wadi. … Al Rabi's tower is perched on a pinnacle rock 60 metres high, but within shouting distance of a small restored fortlet. These towers were originally built by the Persians preceding the introduction of Islam, when Persia controlled the Batinah Plain, and the Arabs controlled the interior and highlands. » #2614 Dinteman, Walter, Forts of Oman (Arabian Heritage Premier Editions), Motivate Publishing, 1993 ~ p. 104 Radeler house (Bonaruyeh) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.016108 long 54.168519 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Radeler house (Bonaruyeh) , ※ SOURCE for Radeler house (Bonaruyeh) « 7th February]. About 5 sett out for Diacoo, 9 farsangs; the 1[st] farsang bad way, the other 2 good till you come to a Radeler house: ... Radeler house. Customs station, where was a râhdar, customs officer. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 43 and 48 Radeler house (Hurmud) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.581517 long 54.96052 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Radeler house (Hurmud) , ※ SOURCE for Radeler house (Hurmud) « March the 2d. At 4 afternoon sett out for Cormoot, 7 farsangs; the 1st farsang a little mey, 4 ore good way till come to a Radeler house at the foot of a mountain which we at pass, being one farsang bad way; the last farsang good way. ... Radeler house. Customs station, where was a râhdar, customs officer. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 43 and 48 Radkan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080571 coordinate: lat 36.800266 long 59.012765 NIMA/GNS names: Radekan , Radkah , Radkan , رادکان , VARIANT names: Radkan , Rafiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080581 coordinate: lat 28.1284 long 55.7339 NIMA/GNS names: Rafi`abad , رفيع آباد , VARIANT names: Rafeeabad , Rafiabad , ※ SOURCE for Rafeeabad « After riding for an hour passed the small village of Rafeeabád with the village of?? Karkun about 2 miles to the north-east, both with good date plan-tations; about the plain date topes were to be seen in every direc- tion. At 9-10 A.Μ. passed the road from Tarun to Lar. 9-54 A.M. came on to the direct road from Forg to Bundar Abbas. This, however, has no villages on it, and seems only to be used by Eeliants. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ P. 18 ※ SOURCE for Rafiabad « At 10½ miles the small village of Rafiābād, is passed with the village of Karkum, about two miles to the N.-E., both with good date plantations; » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 493 Ragheyveh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081198 coordinate: lat 31.550418 long 49.237359 NIMA/GNS names: Ragheyveh , Raghiveh , Raghiveh , Ragiba , Raqeyveh , Raqibeh , Raqive , Raqiveh , Rivar , Rogheyveh , Rogheyveh Haji `Ali , Rogheyveh Hajji `Ali , رغیوه , VARIANT names: Ragheyveh , Rahak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.205295 long 47.971905 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location based on stage lengths and directions therefore aoproximate VARIANT names: Rahak , ※ SOURCE for Rahak « 6 RAHAK 11. General direction N.- E.; excellent going over green grass hillocks along scarcely perceptible watershed between Tang-i-Fäni stream and Käshgan river, clear view to both flanks. At about 9th mile cross difficult range known by various names (the foot hills of the Dalich range). Camping ground. On skirt of Dalich range near small stream. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ pp. 155-6 Rahbur, Haus des Gouverneurs : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.2383333333333 long 56.85 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rahbur, Haus des Gouverneurs , ※ SOURCE for Rahbur, Haus des Gouverneurs « Breitenbestimmungen aus astronomischen Beobachtun- gen zwischen Kermån und Bender 'Abbas. Breite Länge Rahbur, Haus des Gouverne 29 14 18 56 51 (letzteres nach der englischen Admiralitätskarte). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~p. 351 Rahdar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080603 coordinate: lat 27.6172 long 57.1017 NIMA/GNS names: Rahdar , Rahdar , Rahdar Godar , راهدار , راهدار گدار , رهدار , VARIANT names: Rahdar , ※ SOURCE for Rahdar « Last night camped on a plateau about about 1800 feet near a village Rahdar. Just below us is a grassy slope leading to a little dell of palms and oleanders through which a tiny stream bubbles away. It is beautiful. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 6 Rah-i Duzd pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.792415 long 52.833193 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rah-i Duzd pass , ※ SOURCE for Rah-i Duzd pass « From Wardawan a pass over the range Hawa, named "Rah-i Duzd" (The Robbers' Road), bears N. N. W. ½ W., and another pass over the same range, "Tang-i Zangu," subsequently traversed in this route, bears E. ¼ N. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 17 Rahmatabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 140796 coordinate: lat 28.315833 long 56.470833 NIMA/GNS names: Rahmatabad , رحمت آباد , VARIANT names: Rahmatabad , Rahmatabad chahar taq : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 28.311315 long 56.476348 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rahmatabad chahar taq , ※ SOURCE for Rahmatabad chahar taq « 4. Le Chabar Taq de Rahmatābād. Cinquante mètres au sud du Kūh-i Rahmatābād, près du village de Rahmatābād, situé dans un site désertique, subsistent les ruines d'un Chahar Taq de plan carré, de 9 m. de côté (pl. XXXVIII a). Il ne nous a pas été possible de relever les dimensions intérieures en raison des remaniements opérés sur cet édifice et des débris qui l'encombraient. [4. The Chabar Taq of Rahmatābād.Fifty meters south of the Kūh-i Rahmatābād, near the village of Rahmatābād, located in a desert site, remain the ruins of a Chahar Taq of square plan, 9 m. on each side (pl. XXXVIII a). It was not possible for us to record the interior dimensions because of the alterations made to this building and the debris that encumbered it.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 194 Rahnau : arch. site IRN UTM: 5301, 2955 converted to coordinate: lat 29.9166666666667 long 53.0166666666667 VARIANT names: Rahnau , ※ SOURCE for Rahnau « Other variants: Rahnuyeh Details: The sherd from Rahnau comes froma box containing Marv-Dasht Survey material. An equivalent version of the place name, Rahnuyeh, is listed and the location of this is given (USBGN: 441). No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Raichun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081169 coordinate: lat 28.589 long 52.9734 NIMA/GNS names: Rahkan , Raichun , Raishun , Reykan , Richan , Rigan , Rikan , ریکان , VARIANT names: Raichun , Raikan , Raishun , Rikan , ※ SOURCE for Raichun « Raichun: see Rikān ... PPL 28°36'N 52°58'E IR07 » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vol.K-Z p. 1400 « Raichun …. Route 37. » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 167 ※ SOURCE for Raikan « Late in the afternoon we passed the village fort of Raikan high on the left ; » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Raishun « Raishun » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 Shiraz 1936} ※ SOURCE for Rikan « Rikān ... PPL 28°36'N 52°58'E IR07 » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vol.K-Z p. 1400 « Rikan » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 Shiraz 1936} Rak`at : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3823125 coordinate: lat 31.751649 long 50.161643 NIMA/GNS names: Rak`at , Rak`at-e Shalu , Shalu , Shalu Rak`at-e `Olya , شالو رکعت علیا , VARIANT names: Rak`at , Rakhyut : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788491 coordinate: lat 16.747675 long 53.421893 NIMA/GNS names: Rakhuit , Rakhyut , Rakyut , Raykhut , رخيوت , VARIANT names: Rakhyut , ※ SOURCE for Rakhyut « One of our conclusions after completing this survey is that water catchment systems and dams appear to be a hallmark of Iron Age settlements along the coastal plain of Dhofar, particularly to the west of Raysüt where coastal areas tend to be enclosed by sheer cliffs. Four sites stand out as examples: Rakhyût North, Kherfut, al-Hawta (al- Hawtah), and al-Hawta East. While each of these sites has its own characteristics, the presence of water channels and deflectors, check and diversion dams, and water retention basins demonstrates the importance of water, particularly to these, until very recently, isolated communities. » #2665 Lynne S. Newton and Juris Zarins, Preliminary results of the Dhofar archaeological survey, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2009 ~ p. 254 « Palkut (Dhalqut), a grove of trees, stands about 14 miles ENE of the village of Hawf. Al Kharifut, a fertile valley, lies about 5 miles farther E. Rakhyut and Safqut, two separate villages, stand about 10 and 13 miles ENE, respectively, of Palkut. Ras Sajr is located 6 miles E of the village of Safqut. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 190 « Sewn sambuqs are rapidly disappearing from the coast of Oman; even Taqa had only 20 of them remaining in 1978, and Salala seven.54 There are none at Rakhyut or Marbat » #2019 Esmond Bradley Martin, The Decline of Omani Dhows, Great Circle, Perth, Australia, ~ p. 83 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.3422222 long 49.5122222 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Ramat , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Ramat AT Jezirat Abu Ali lat 27.3422222 long 49.5122222 [Potts], ※ SOURCE for Ramat « Leaving aside the falsified Chronicle of Arbela, there are two traditions concerning the earliest Nestorian foundations in eastern Arabia which date to the middle of the fourth century. The Vita Ionae,(271) a work which describes the life of a monk who lived during the catholicate of Barb'ašemin (343-6),(272) records that a monastery of the Rabban Thomas existed in Bet Qatraye under the authority of Mar Zadoe. According to the Chronicle of Seert, Abdišo went to an island of Yamama and Bahrain' called Ramat, where he baptized the inhabitants and built a monastery. (273) A pupil of the great propagator of Syrian monasticism, Mar 'Abda, Abdišo is known as the founder of many monasteries during the reign of the catholicos Tomarsa (363-71),274 The island is said to have been 68 parsangs (=348 km.) from Obolla,(275) fn. 271 Braun, Das Buch der Synhados, 321 n. 1. Cf. Fiey, Assyrie chrétienne, iii. 237 n. 4. fn. 272 A. Vööbus, History of Asceticism in the Syrian Orient, i (CSCO 184 (= Subsidia, 14); Louvain, 1958). fn. 273 Scher, Histoire nestorienne, i/2. 311-12. Cf. the discussion in Nau, Les Arabes chrétiens, 39. fn. 274 Vööbus, History of Asceticism, 266, 269. For the date, see Fiey, 'Diocèses syriens orientaux', 215. Vööbus, p. 261, denied the historicity of Tomarsa, arguing that he was 'a fictitious catholicos belatedly added to the lists', but G. Westphal, Untersuchungen über die Quellen und die Glaubwürdigkeit der Patriarchenchroniken des Mari Ibn Sulaiman, 'Amr Ibn Matai und Saliba Ibn Johannan, Inauguraldiss. (Strasburg, 1901), 115-22, has assembled and evaluated all the sources on his life and it would seem that he indeed lived. fn. 275 Fiey, 'Diocèses syriens orientaux', 215. Measured from Basra, this would put Ramat roughly in the vicinity of Abu 'Ali island, just north of al-Jubayl. » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990, ~ vol. 2 p.245 « Abdiso baptized the people of Ramat, an island of Yamiima and al-Bahrayn, and built a monastery. Ramat was 68 parasangs from Ubulla in southern Iraq. D. Potts (17) places it 348 km. from Ubulla in the area of Abii ‘Ali island, just north of alJubay1 in Saudi Arabia. It is obviously tempting to point to the discovery of the church at al-Jubayl as lending credency to Potts’s proposed location of Ramat. fn. 17 D. T. Potts, The Arabian Gulf in antiquity, 245, n. 275. » #1262 King, G. R. D., A Nestorian Monastic Settlement on the Island of Sir Bani Yas, Abu Dhabi: A Preliminary Report, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, 1997, 60:2:221-35 ~ p. 233-4 Ramhormoz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080776 coordinate: lat 31.279972 long 49.603511 NIMA/GNS names: Ram Hormuz , Ramhormoz , Ramuz , رامهرمز , VARIANT names: Ram Hormuz , Ramhormoz , ※ SOURCE for Ram Hormuz « Ram Hormuz was a celebrated Sassanian city, where Manes, the founder of the Manichæan sect, was put to death by King Behram, and his skin hung up as a warning to his disciples. Its site is marked by numerous mounds which surround the present village. We passed through the midst of them, but I did not perceive any ruins of buildings above ground. The plain is exceedingly fertile, but was ill-cultivated. The chief of the tribe which inhabited it, one Abd'ullah Khan, lived in the small castle of Deh Ure. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 463 Rams : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -782350 coordinate: lat 25.876579 long 56.018619 NIMA/GNS names: Ar Rams , Rams , VARIANT names: Rames , Rams , Ramss , Ranuz , Raumps , ※ SOURCE for Rames « Withal however, as soon as they learnt of the coming of the General Ruy Freyre, although they had an immense force of terradas and terranquins in Soar (which they were already in possession of), they immediately disbanded it, evacuated some Forts that they had near Muscat, and withdrew with all the forces that they could collect to the strongholds of Corofacão, Dobba, Lima, Cassapco, Ranuz and Iulufar (1) fn. 1 Corofacao is Khor Fakkan, Dobba is Dibah, and Lima is Limah; all these are small ports on the Eastern Oman coast between Sohar and Cape Ras Musandam, whilst Cassapeo is Khasab (v. p. 52, note 1), Ranuz is apparently the same as Rams (p. p. 51, note 4) and Julfa or Ras al Khaimah has already been dealt with on p. 51, note 4)- These last three are on the W. or Trucial Oman Coast. » #230 Boxer, C. R., Commentaries of Ruy Freyre de Andrada, The Broadway Travellers, George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1930 ~ p. 181 ※ SOURCE for Rams « A village on the coast of the Ras-al-Khaimah District of the Sharjah Principality, about 8 miles north-east of Rás-al-Khaimah Town. It stands on the south side of a small creek, the entrance of which is nearly dry at low water; the shore in the vicinity is swampy; and another crock, which opens from the sea 2 miles south-west of Rams, enters the bay at Ras-al-Khaimah Town after running parallel to the coast for 5 miles. There are no trees at Rams itself. Rams consists of about 400 houses, mostly of mod and stone, but a few of date branches; the inhabitants are all Tanaij. The principal occupations are pearl diving and fishing; the inhabitants own some 3 pearl boats and 10 fishing boats, also 1 sea-going Sambak, which fetebes dates from Basrah. The only shop at Rams is kept by a Persian. The date plantations belonging to Rams are partly situated at Dhayah 4, a place 2 miles inland to the eastwards, and on the south they join the plantations of Sir, forming a belt of palms which is continuous as far as Ras-al-Khaimah Town: they are said to comprise about 7,000 trees and to be irrigated from wells about 10 feet deep. Livestock at Rams are estimated at 20 camels, 50 donkeys, 20 cattle, and 500 goats. The place Dhayah, just mentioned, is now uninhabited; but there are wells and the remains of a fort situated upon a hill. A century ago Dhayah was of more importance, and in 1820 the general treaty of peace between the British Government and the Shaikhs of Tracial 'Oman was signed by the Shaikh of "Zyah" among the others; this was Hasan-bin- 'Ali, a prominent partisan in his day of the Wahhabi interest. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol.2 ABC p. 1573 ※ SOURCE for Ramss « Again : “ Ramss, an Arab port, just inside the Persian Gulf, perfectly answers to the sites of Raamah, catalogued among Kushite personifications in xth Genesis (ibid.).” » #37 Sirhan. Sirhan ibn Sa'id ibn, Annals of Oman to 1728. Sirhan ibn Sa'id ibn Sirhan. translated from the Arabic by Ross, E.C., Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge, 1985 ~ p.87 ※ SOURCE for Ranuz « Withal however, as soon as they learnt of the coming of the General Ruy Freyre, although they had an immense force of terradas and terranquins in Soar (which they were already in possession of), they immediately disbanded it, evacuated some Forts that they had near Muscat, and withdrew with all the forces that they could collect to the strongholds of Corofacão, Dobba, Lima, Cassapco, Ranuz and Iulufar (1) fn. 1 Corofacao is Khor Fakkan, Dobba is Dibah, and Lima is Limah; all these are small ports on the Eastern Oman coast between Sohar and Cape Ras Musandam, whilst Cassapeo is Khasab (v. p. 52, note 1), Ranuz is apparently the same as Rams (p. p. 51, note 4) and Julfa or Ras al Khaimah has already been dealt with on p. 51, note 4)- These last three are on the W. or Trucial Oman Coast. » #230 Boxer, C. R., Commentaries of Ruy Freyre de Andrada, The Broadway Travellers, George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1930 ~ p. 181 ※ SOURCE for Raumps « Raumps » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. WellstedRoyal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} rapid river ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.941906 long 45.838691 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: rapid river ? , Ra's Abu Da'ud (BDI) : arch. site OMN UTM: FL962799 converted to coordinate: lat 23.316882997512 long 58.9187521325837 VARIANT names: Ra's Abu Da'ud (BDI) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Abu Da'ud (BDI) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Ra's al Aqit (QT1) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH855190 converted to coordinate: lat 19.162436451849 long 57.813123097689 VARIANT names: Ra's al Aqit (QT1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Aqit (QT1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's al Bisha : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CAPE UFI: -3104196 coordinate: lat 29.907238 long 48.593309 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's al Bisha , Ra's al Nabt , Ra's Al-Nabt , رأس البيشا , VARIANT names: Ra's al Bisha , Ra's al Bishan : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: CAPE UFI: -3104196 coordinate: lat 29.9144444 long 48.6033333 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's al Bishah , Ra's al Bishan , VARIANT names: Ra's al Bishan , Ras al Hadd : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: CAPE UFI: -787071 coordinate: lat 22.53761 long 59.79599 NIMA/GNS names: Ras al Had , Ra's al Had , Ra's al Hadd , رأس الحد , VARIANT names: c. cafar , Cabo de Rosalgate , Cape Rousalgast , Corodamum , Ras al Hadd , Ra's al-Jumjumah , Ras-al-Gat ou Ras-el-had , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Ras al Hadd FOR Didymi montes [Arrowsmith and Gossellin], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Ras al Hadd FOR Acila [Dames], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Ras al Hadd FOR Masora [Forster], ※ SOURCE for c. cafar ea, the Persian Gulf, …, Diogo Homem, 1555-1559, British Library,The Queen Mary Atlas, Add MS 5415 A} possibly in reference to « Cafar (Sefer Reis) » in « Until 1581, coastal Oman, as part of the Kingdom of Hormuz, then a protectorate of the Estado da Índia, was raided by the Ottomans in their attempt to get hold of the similarly named strait and control the Persian Gulf, especially ater Süleyman I (r. 1520–66) had conquered Basra in 154. Despite the growing Ottoman menace, nothing much was changed in the defence structure set in place in Oman, though small naval detachments were sent to cape Ras al-Hadd to watch for any incoming Ottoman leet and warn Hormuz, as happened in 1552 ater rumours of an impending attack rom Suez had reached Jarun island.(220) At other times, small leets roamed the Omani coast and patrolled along Yemen’s littoral in order to stop Ottoman raids, like the ones commanded by Cafar (Sefer Reis),(221) dubbed a corsair in the Portuguese sources, who in 1550 raided the Omani coast.222 Qalhat tended to be easy prey, as it lay on the periphery of the Portuguese naval structure, as there is report of it being sacked and burned again in 1550.(223) » #2602 João Teles e Cunha, Oman and Omanis in Portuguese Sources in the Early Modern Period (ca. 1500–1750), ~ p. 247 ※ SOURCE for Cabo de Rosalgate #370 p. 444 ※ SOURCE for Cape Rousalgast « Cape Roufelgaot Promontory on Arabia March the 9th we were Weftward off Cape Roufelgaot, which lies in Twenty two and an half North: It is that Promontory in Arabia Felix which gives Entrance to the Mouth of the Perfian Gulf, and rifes high, being most notorioufly Sandy. This Country in General was defervedly by the Hebrews called Arabia, fignifying Barren; yet how fpecioufly this part may bear the name of Happy, I determine not. And now we are in the opening of that Gulf, into which Euphrates and other Rivers of leffer Note difcharge themfelves. » #327 Fryer, John M.D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel, R. R. for R1 Chiswell at the Rose and Crown in St. Paul's Yard, London, MDC XC VIII (1698) p. 220 ※ SOURCE for Corodamum #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, vol. 130, pt. 3, pp. 337-349, The Geographical Journal, 1964 p. 340 #197 Groom, Nigel, Eastern Arabia in Ptolemy’s map, 16, PSAS, 1986 p. 74 and #218 Groom, Nigel, Oman and the Emirates in Ptolemy’s Map, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Denmark, 1994: 5: 198-214 also known as Corodamum Point or Promontory « The remainder of the great eastern Sinus Sachalites (which, according to Ptolemy, stretched from Suagros to Corodamum, or from Cape Fartask to Ras-al-Hhad) presents, comparatively, few difficulties, and possesses, relatively, little interest : the far greater part being desert, with, here and there, a harbour, or a town. Its arrangement is facilitated by the insular landmarks off this barren coast, the Curia Muria islands, and the two Mazeiras; the Zenobiae insulae, and Sarapis or Ogyris, of the ancients. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ vol. 2 pp. 180-181 ※ SOURCE for Ras al Hadd « Ibn Majid also mentions Ra's al-Hadd, Ra's Säriq and of course Masira island. Ra's al-Hadd (Cabo de Rosalgate to the Portuguese) although not the actual east point of the Arabian peninsula, is the name given to the general high rocky mass on this corner of Oman. It is the most important cape in the whole Indian Ocean for our Arab navigators not only because it was the first point of home on the return voyage, but also because it was the confluence of two wind systems and two opposing currents and navigation there was extremely tricky whether one was rounding it or meeting it when coming from India. Thus all sailing directions have a lot to say about it. It was also known as Ra's al-Jumjumah which is the name given to it by Hamdani » #370 Tibbetts, G. R., Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean before the coming of the Portuguese, The Royal Asiatic Society, Luzac and Co., London, 1971 ~ p. 444 ※ SOURCE for Ra's al-Jumjumah « Ibn Majid also mentions Ra's al-Hadd, Ra's Säriq and of course Masira island. Ra's al-Hadd (Cabo de Rosalgate to the Portuguese) although not the actual east point of the Arabian peninsula, is the name given to the general high rocky mass on this corner of Oman. It is the most important cape in the whole Indian Ocean for our Arab navigators not only because it was the first point of home on the return voyage, but also because it was the confluence of two wind systems and two opposing currents and navigation there was extremely tricky whether one was rounding it or meeting it when coming from India. Thus all sailing directions have a lot to say about it. It was also known as Ra's al-Jumjumah which is the name given to it by Hamdani » ##370 Tibbetts, G. R., Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean before the coming of the Portuguese, The Royal Asiatic Society, Luzac and Co., London, 1971 ~ p. 444 ※ SOURCE for Ras-al-Gat ou Ras-el-had (map [853] Partie, l'Arabie. Asie 92., Vandermaelen, Philippe, 1827, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 2212.124) Ra's al Hadd 1 (HD1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK806934 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5241048070433 long 59.7278496750253 VARIANT names: Ra's al Hadd 1 (HD1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Hadd 1 (HD1) « Shell midden, Harappan pottery » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Ra's al Hadd 2 (HD2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK842942 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5307268371612 long 59.7629596592949 VARIANT names: Ra's al Hadd 2 (HD2) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Hadd 2 (HD2) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Ra's al Hadd 3 (HD3) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK848941 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5297242744846 long 59.768769566479 VARIANT names: Ra's al Hadd 3 (HD3) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Hadd 3 (HD3) « Islamic site » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Ra's al Hadd 4 (HD4) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK844930 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5198653524748 long 59.7646866678183 VARIANT names: Ra's al Hadd 4 (HD4) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Hadd 4 (HD4) « Islamic site » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Ra's al Hadd 5 (HD5) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK884915 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5056583997999 long 59.803262532903 VARIANT names: Ra's al Hadd 5 (HD5) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Hadd 5 (HD5) « Shell midden, Harappan pottery » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Ra's al Hadd 6 (HD6) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK885907 converted to coordinate: lat 22.4984229732735 long 59.8040880124009 VARIANT names: Ra's al Hadd 6 (HD6) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Hadd 6 (HD6) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Ra's al Hadd 7 (HD7) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK882911 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5020829481328 long 59.8012475590771 VARIANT names: Ra's al Hadd 7 (HD7) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Hadd 7 (HD7) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Ras al Jinaiz : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -787546 coordinate: lat 22.42337 long 59.83931 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's al Janayz , Ras al Jinaiz , Ra's al Jinz , Ras al Junaiz , Ra's al Junayz , Ras al Juneiz , رأس الجنز , VARIANT names: Ras al Jinaiz , Ras Djins, Engel Sp. , ※ SOURCE for Ras Djins, Engel Sp. (map [850] 6. Arabia und das Nil-Land, Berghaus, Heinrich, 1835, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 15177.003) Ra's al Jufan 1 (JFN1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK570037 converted to coordinate: lat 21.7182101990936 long 59.4843585832055 VARIANT names: Ra's al Jufan 1 (JFN1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Jufan 1 (JFN1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's al Jufan 2 (JFN2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK561007 converted to coordinate: lat 21.6912611472086 long 59.4752013986097 VARIANT names: Ra's al Jufan 2 (JFN2) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Jufan 2 (JFN2) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's al Khabbah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -787604 coordinate: lat 22.2264 long 59.80959 NIMA/GNS names: Kabba , Ras al Khabba , Ra's al Khabbah , Ras al Khabbeh , Ras Qabba , رأس الخبة , VARIANT names: Ra's al Khabbah , Ra's al Khabbah 1 (KHB1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK893622 converted to coordinate: lat 22.2411249413637 long 59.8066927549904 VARIANT names: Ra's al Khabbah 1 (KHB1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Khabbah 1 (KHB1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's al Khabbah 2 (KHB2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK893607 converted to coordinate: lat 22.2275898131924 long 59.8064230627988 VARIANT names: Ra's al Khabbah 2 (KHB2) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Khabbah 2 (KHB2) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's al Khabbah 3 (KHB3) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK892605 converted to coordinate: lat 22.2258018561909 long 59.8054179484707 VARIANT names: Ra's al Khabbah 3 (KHB3) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Khabbah 3 (KHB3) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ras al Khaimah : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -784007 coordinate: lat 25.789527 long 55.943196 NIMA/GNS names: Julfa , Khaimah , Ras al Khaima , Ras al Khaimah , Ra's al Khaymah , رأس الخيمة , VARIANT names: al-Sirr , Ḏjulfar , Iulufar , Jolfar , Julfa , Julfar , Jullfar , Ras al Khaimah , Recoyma , Sêr , Talalhar , Zur , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Ras al Khaimah FOR Regma, Regama Polis [Sprenger, Bochart, Glaser, Zwemer], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Julfar FOR Batrasave [Wilkinson], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Ras al Khaimah FOR Sircorcor [King], ※ SOURCE for al-Sirr « The following account from Sirhaˆn recording the Portuguese defeat of 1633 shows Julfâr and al-Sirr as being one and the same place: ‘‘The [cUmânî] Imam [Nâsir b. Murshid al-Ya’rubî] next prepared a force, the command of which he gave to ‘Ali-bin Ahmed, assisted by his cousins of the Al-Ya’rub, and ordered him to proceed to the town of Julfâr, which is el-Sirr [al-Sirr]’’. The text is explicit: the town of Julfâr by 1633 was identical with al-Sirr and the broader regional name of al-Sirr had attached itself to Julfâr, as the main town of the district of al-Sirr. » #2589 Geoffrey King, Delmephialmas and Sircorcor: Gasparo Balbi, Dalmâ , Julfâr and a problem of transliteration, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2006 pt. 17:pp. 248–252 ~ p. 251 « Likewise, writing in 1763, the Dutch VOC (8) Resident at Kharg island, Tiddo van Kniphausen, referred to Zur (i.e. al-Sirr) indicating it as a town rather than a broader area. By this late date, he probably meant Ra’s al-Khaima rather than Julfâr, which had declined before the middle of the eighteenth century when it had been supplanted by Ra’s al-Khaima (9). fn. 8. Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the Dutch East India Company. fn. 9. Slot, The Arabs of the Gulf: 329; Dutch National Archive, The Hague, ARA Aanw. 1e Afd. 1889, 23b, fol. 12.» #2589 Geoffrey King, Delmephialmas and Sircorcor: Gasparo Balbi, Dalmâ , Julfaˆr and a problem of transliteration, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2006 pt. 17:pp. 248–252 ~ p. 251 ※ SOURCE for Ḏjulfar « Djulfar, ville d’Oman, 128. — Voir: Agoa doce, Dabom, Giufar, Guilfar, Gulfal, Gulphal, Julfar, Ras el-Kliaima, Recoyma, Silfar. » #1119 Kammerer, M. Albert, La Mer Rouge l'Abyssinie et l'Arabie depuis l'Antiquité. Essai d'Histoire et de Géographie historique. II: Les Guerres du Poivre / Les Portugais dans l'Océan Indien et la Mer Rouge au XVIe siècle / Histoire de la Cartographie Orientale., Mémoires de la Soc. Royale d'Egypte XVI, Cairo, 1935 ~ vol. 2 pt. 2 index p. 495 ※ SOURCE for Iulufar « The Captain-Major sent to ask the Veador da Fazenda of Ormuz for two terranquis to send to ascertain the situation on the Arabian coast because it was rumoured that Iulufar (1) was in revolt; the terranquis came equipped and supplied with provisions for two months, and he appointed Phelippe de Monseca as Captain of one and Gaspar Pereyra Paes as Captain of the other, with orders to go and ascertain the condition of the-fortress of Iulufar, and to scour the coast of Arabia to learn the State of affairs therein. fn. 1 Julfa, now known as Ras al Khaima, lies on the Trucial Oman coast of Arabia, some 50 miles S.W. of Cape Ras Musandam. Sir Arnold Wilson describes the town as "built on a sandy spit endosing a deep, narrow bay protected by a bar. Vessels drawing 14 feet cannot approach within 24 miles of the shore." The place became a notorious haunt of piracy during the eighteenth century, and was finally destroyed by a British expedition from Bombay in 1809, in consequence of the pirates capture of the E.I.C. brig Minerva. For details see Wilson, pp. 200-205 » #230 Boxer, C. R., Commentaries of Ruy Freyre de Andrada, The Broadway Travellers, George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1930 ~ p. 51 ※ SOURCE for Jolfar « Around 1617, a certain `Ali Kamal (Ali Cumal), "being a valiant man, who had done courageous deeds in war, could not suffer the pride and insolence of the Persians; he lived in continuous defiance of the Khan of Shiraz and the king of Persia, who planned to capture him, because with these qualities he could have started a rebellion with the people of his country who would have gladly followed him and would have obeyed his orders". He therefore left Nakhilu and settled near Jolfar on the other side of the Persian Gulf. Ali Kamal then offered his services to the captain of Hormuz against the Safavids, who declined the offer, "because the governors of Hormuz look too much after their own interest [...] that they did nothing". Because he had defied Safavid authority Shah Abbas I sent troops to the coast of Oman and destroyed the small Niquelu settlement and killed more than 60 Niquelus (27), which put an end to Niquelu rebelliousness for the time being. 27 Don Garcia de Silva y Figueroa, Comentarios de la embajada que de parte del rey de España Don Felipe III hizo al rey Xa Abas de Persia, ed. Manuel Serrano y Sanz (2 vols., Madrid, 1903-1905), vol. 2, pp. 465-466. 'Ali Kamal's migration to Jolfar and the Safavid attack may also have been in relation to unrest in the Jolfar area in 1614-1615 (Bocarro, Década 13, p. 347). » #1812 ed. Dejanirah Couto and Rui M. Loureiro, Revisiting Hormuz: Portuguese Interactions in the Persian Gulf Region in the Early Modern Period, Harrassowitz, 2008 ~ p. 99 « Then Sheikh Rāshed promises, during his mandate, to make profits for Portugal much more than before. He mentions that his 15 years old son is also as the vizier of Qalhāt, in the service of the king of Portugal. Sheikh Rāshed specifies that with the agreement of the Portuguese Captain of Hormuz, he has just sent one of his other sons to Jolfār for the administration of this region. » #2869 Nader Nasiri-Moghaddam, Persian Documents In The National Archives (Torre Do Tombo) Of Portugal And Their Importance For The History Of Persian Gulf In The 16th -17th Centuries, International Journal of the Society of Iranian Archaeologists, 2016 ~ p. 61 ※ SOURCE for Julfa « The Captain-Major sent to ask the Veador da Fazenda of Ormuz for two terranquis to send to ascertain the situation on the Arabian coast because it was rumoured that Iulufar (1) was in revolt; the terranquis came equipped and supplied with provisions for two months, and he appointed Phelippe de Monseca as Captain of one and Gaspar Pereyra Paes as Captain of the other, with orders to go and ascertain the condition of the-fortress of Iulufar, and to scour the coast of Arabia to learn the State of affairs therein. fn. 1 Julfa, now known as Ras al Khaima, lies on the Trucial Oman coast of Arabia, some 50 miles S.W. of Cape Ras Musandam. Sir Arnold Wilson describes the town as "built on a sandy spit endosing a deep, narrow bay protected by a bar. Vessels drawing 14 feet cannot approach within 24 miles of the shore." The place became a notorious haunt of piracy during the eighteenth century, and was finally destroyed by a British expedition from Bombay in 1809, in consequence of the pirates capture of the E.I.C. brig Minerva. For details see Wilson, pp. 200-205 » #230 Boxer, C. R., Commentaries of Ruy Freyre de Andrada, The Broadway Travellers, George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1930 ~ p. 51 ※ SOURCE for Julfar « Talalhar, Julfar, Jullfar [Portuguese name] Ra's al-Khaimah (Julfär) [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 « The other ports on this coast only receive the briefest notices and then only amongst the later Arab authors-Ibn Mujawir, Yaqut and Ibn Battuta. Ibn Mujawir (p. 287) gives us a coastal itinerary which went from al-'Aqr to Kalba, to Khawr Fukkan, to Lima, each four parasangs apart and thence eight parasangs to Julfar (reading Zufar as an orthographic error for Julfar. » #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, The Geographical Journal, London, 1964 130:3:337-49 ~ p.346 ※ SOURCE for Jullfar Julfar is known as Varthema's place of call on his journey from Gujarat to Maskat (Varthema, p. 93, and Introduction, p. 1). It is situated west of Cape Musandam and was used as a pearl-fishery station as Barbosa remarks. It is alluded to by Pedro Alvares Cabral, in his Navegação, as " Julfar (Gulfal in Ramusio's Italian version: Ramusio, ed. 156, Vol. I, f. 124 D), a small in the midst of the Persian Sea, in which there is a notable pearl-fishery," from which it would seem that the author confused it with the Bahrain Islands, as Julfar is on the mainland. In the Hakluyt Society edition of Varthema, already quoted, a version made from the first Italian edition of 1510, the name is spelt Guilfar, but Ramusio (1.c. f. 156 A) gives it the more correct form of Giulfar. a small isle in the midst of the i cistall Std, III Which there is a notable pearl-fishery," from which it would seem that the author confused it with the Bahrain Islands, as Julfär is on the mainland. In the Hakluyt Society edition of Varthema, already quoted, a version made from the first Italian edition of 1510, the name is spelt Guilfar, but Ramusio (1.c. f. 156 A) gives it the more correct form of Giulfar. The Rev. G. P. Badger, in his notes 1 and 2 on p. 93 of Varthema, alludes to the erratic nature of Varthema's voyage in an Arab ship from Goa, viz. Gogo in Gujurat (see § 54) first to Juifar through the straits of Hurmuz, then back through the straits of Muskat, and finally back again to Hurmuz, which had previously been passed twice in going through the straits. It seems probable that Varthema's voyage was really made to Dhofar (§ 38), which name is spelt Diufar in the Spanish version, and Diulfar in Ramusio's version of Barbosa. Reinel's Paris map of 1516 also gives the form Diulfar (Denucé, Cartographie Portugaise, p. 129, Map 5 a). Dr. Denucé in his notes (4 and 5) seems also to consider that Diufar, which occurs on the list close to Cape Fartach is the "Guilfar " of Varthema. It is clear that a voyage first from the Indian coast to Dhofar (a much more important p.ace of trade than Julfår), then to Maskat, and thence to Ormuz, would be a much more obvious course than the supposed journey to Julfär. #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.72 fn.3 ※ SOURCE for Recoyma « Djulfar, ville d’Oman, 128. — Voir: Agoa doce, Dabom, Giufar, Guilfar, Gulfal, Gulphal, Julfar, Ras el-Kliaima, Recoyma, Silfar. » #1119 Kammerer, M. Albert, La Mer Rouge l'Abyssinie et l'Arabie depuis l'Antiquité. Essai d'Histoire et de Géographie historique. II: Les Guerres du Poivre / Les Portugais dans l'Océan Indien et la Mer Rouge au XVIe siècle / Histoire de la Cartographie Orientale., Mémoires de la Soc. Royale d'Egypte XVI, Cairo, 1935 ~ vol. 2 pt. 2 index p. 495 ※ SOURCE for Sêr « There is some confusion about the place where the residence of the Shaikh of the Qawasim was. Niebuhr refers to it as a place Sêr near Sharjah which had a good harbour, while the Kniphausen report of 1756 calls this place Zur. It is possible that both Kniphausen and Niebuhr are mistaken and that the place they wanted to describe is either Julfar or modern Ras al Khaima. It is not fully excluded that their information is accurate. In that case, the orthography of the Kniphausen report suggests Zora between Sharjah and Umm al Qaiwain. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 329 ※ SOURCE for Talalhar « Talalhar, Julfar, Jullfar [Portuguese name] Ra's al-Khaimah (Julfär) [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Zur « Likewise, writing in 1763, the Dutch VOC (8) Resident at Kharg island, Tiddo van Kniphausen, referred to Zur (i.e. al-Sirr) indicating it as a town rather than a broader area. By this late date, he probably meant Ra’s al-Khaima rather than Julfâr, which had declined before the middle of the eighteenth century when it had been supplanted by Ra’s al-Khaima (9). fn. 8. Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the Dutch East India Company. fn. 9. Slot, The Arabs of the Gulf: 329; Dutch National Archive, The Hague, ARA Aanw. 1e Afd. 1889, 23b, fol. 12.» #2589 Geoffrey King, Delmephialmas and Sircorcor: Gasparo Balbi, Dalmâ , Julfaˆr and a problem of transliteration, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2006 pt. 17:pp. 248–252 ~ p. 251 Ra's al Madraka : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -787834 coordinate: lat 19.004008 long 57.84042 NIMA/GNS names: Jazira , Ras al Jazirat , Ra's al Madraka , Ra's al Madrakah , Ra's Madrakah , رأس مدركة , VARIANT names: c. dama traca , c. de ffacalhat , C. de sacalhat , C. Isolette , C. Matreque , C: dell Isola , Cape Isoletta , Madrica , Medrica , Pt. Basse , Ra's al Madraka , Ras Jezeera , Ras Madraka , Ras-Mastraka , ※ SOURCE for c. dama traca (map [650] Carte de l'Océan Indien, des cotes de l'Afrique et de l'Asie depuis le cap de Bonne-Espérance jusqu'au Japon, João Teixeira Albernaz, c. 16.., Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE SH 18 PF 213 DIV 3 P 2/2) sits well in GE. « c. dama traca » lies well with Ra's al Madraka ※ SOURCE for c. de ffacalhat « c. de ffartac, xeher, c. de ffacalhat, y. de curia muria » « la prima delle quali è il cosiddetto Planisfero Castiglioni, 56 » See also note « 56 PMC1, pp. 95-98; Biedermann, pp. 127-128. » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p.69 {map#940 Castiglioni World Map, Diogo Ribeiro, 1503-1525, Biblioteca Estense, Modena} see PMC vol. 1 EST 37 ※ SOURCE for C. de sacalhat « c. de fartaca, diulfar, xeheber, Ambe, C. de sacalhat, y.a de curia muria, cor » « del planisfero Castiglioni) e il 1529, ma quella qui discussa è la più ricca di informazione geografica e di nomenclatura57 (Fig. 8) 57 PMC1, pp. 101-103; Biedermann, p. 130; AHGP, n. 16. » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p.70 {map#941 Carta Universal, Diego Ribero, 1529, } see PMC vol. 1 EST 39 ※ SOURCE for C. Isolette « C. Isolette » on (map [853] Partie, l'Arabie. Asie 92., Vandermaelen, Philippe, 1827, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 2212.124) shown as an island about 4km off « Pt. Basse » #PBR ※ SOURCE for C. Matreque « C. Matreque » in {map#858 Dell´Arcano del Mare, Dudley, Robert, 1646, } ※ SOURCE for C: dell Isola there is « C: dell Isola » and « C: di.3.Jsole » shown in (map [858] Dell´Arcano del Mare, Dudley, Robert, 1646, ) with the former written nearest the maps prominent headland. ※ SOURCE for Cape Isoletta « At Ras Madraka, which is forty miles from Ras Kowairat and 100 miles from Ghubbet Hashish, and forms the western extremity of the Gulf of Maseera, the coast turns abruptly to the west. Ras Madraka is better known to the Arabs as Ras Jezeera, of which word the appellation, viz., Cape Isoletta, formerly given to it by the Portuguese, is a translation. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p. 492 ※ SOURCE for Madrica « And, with this determination, all steered to laud, and three days afterwards sighted a point of land, which the Moors call Madrica,(1) and kept continually coasting along with due precaution, keeping close to land by day, and by night standing out to sea, to make their voyage with greater safety, until they came in sight of the Cape of Maceiras.(2) » « fn.1 Madrica, elsewhere Madraka, now Cape Isolette. fn.2 Perhaps now Ras el Jezirah, forming the lower point of the Gulf of Massera; but this point is the same as Madraka. » #41 Albuquerque, Afonso de ed. W. de G. Birch., The Commentaries of the Great Affonso De Albuquerque - 1500-1580 The Second Viceroy of India. Translated from the Portuguese edition of 1774, with notes and an introduction, by W. de G. Birch., Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1875-94:2000 ~ vol.1 p.60 ※ SOURCE for Medrica « Among the passengers, as well as the crew, we had many Arab sailors, who were well acquainted with tbe coast, and who an agreed that this was Medrica. explaining the word as coming from the Arabic root Idderick, 'to overtake,’ and in this form signifying ‘a place that may be always overtaken, or come up with;' or, ‘as some said, ‘a place which it is much easy to get among the dangers of, than it is to avoid.' The whole of this coast is imperfectly known to Europeans, and is carefully shunned even by the Arabs themselves, except when accident throws them closer to it than they intended, or when, in the fair season, they coast along it in boats. One cannot so much wonder, therefore, at the error of situation in many of the principal positions, or of the general inac- curacy of the delineation of this coast in most of our charts, According to our observations in the run made from Cape Chansely, this point of Medrica should lie in lat. 18° 35' N., and long. 57° 35' E.; but, as we ran from hence, after hauling off, forty-three miles and a half, on a true course of east, and were then in lat. 18° 57' N., by good observation, it is clear that the point to which we were so near in the morning, was that called Cape Isolette in the English charts, and that we had been carried by a north-east current considerably farther a-head than the distance given by the log. Whether this name of Isolette, which is evidently a European one, and derived from the small islet placed in the charts near the point, be but the name of the first voyagers here, who knew nothing of the one of Medrica, and whether this, when at length learnt, was transferred by succeeding hydrographers to a projecting point nearer to Cape Chansely, it would be difficult to say, though it is easy to believe such a confusion of names and places in a coast acknowledged to be but imperfectly known, even in the present advanced stage of hydrographical knowledge. Of these two facts, however, we were certain, that by all the Arabs on board who pretended to know any thing of the coast, the point was called Medrica, and that, by our own observations at noon, we were in lat. 18° 57' N., and long., by chronometer, 58° 18' 30' E., having run from it just forty-three miles and a half per log, since hauling off from it at day- light, on a true east course, and twenty-two nriles since taking our sights for the chronometer at 9 A.M., when we were in 57° 56' 30" E.; so that the Cape was consequently in lat. 16° 57' N., and long. 57°35'E. This makes an error in Heather's chart, at the same point, of nine miles in latitude too far to the north, and thirteen miles in longitude too far to the west; and in Horsburgh's, an error of only two miles in latitude to the north, and twenty miles in longitude to the east-ward of its place; so that its true position is nearly a mean between these two. » #2636 The Oriental Herald, London, 1828 vol. 18: ~ pp. 417-8 ※ SOURCE for Pt. Basse « Pt. Basse » on (map [853] Partie, l'Arabie. Asie 92., Vandermaelen, Philippe, 1827, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 2212.124) almost exact on GE overlay #PBR ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Madraka « Ras Madrake, Isolette » (map [850] 6. Arabia und das Nil-Land, Berghaus, Heinrich, 1835, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 15177.003) « And, with this determination, all steered to laud, and three days afterwards sighted a point of land, which the Moors call Madrica,(1) and kept continually coasting along with due precaution, keeping close to land by day, and by night standing out to sea, to make their voyage with greater safety, until they came in sight of the Cape of Maceiras.(2) » « fn.1 Madrica, elsewhere Madraka, now Cape Isolette. fn.2 Perhaps now Ras el Jezirah, forming the lower point of the Gulf of Massera; but this point is the same as Madraka. » #41 Albuquerque, Afonso de ed. W. de G. Birch., The Commentaries of the Great Affonso De Albuquerque - 1500-1580 The Second Viceroy of India. Translated from the Portuguese edition of 1774, with notes and an introduction, by W. de G. Birch., Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1875-94:2000 ~ vol.1 p.60 see see additional notes ※ SOURCE for Ras Jezeera « At Ras Madraka, which is forty miles from Ras Kowairat and 100 miles from Ghubbet Hashish, and forms the western extremity of the Gulf of Maseera, the coast turns abruptly to the west. Ras Madraka is better known to the Arabs as Ras Jezeera, of which word the appellation, viz., Cape Isoletta, formerly given to it by the Portuguese, is a translation. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p. 492 ※ SOURCE for Ras Madraka « At Ras Madraka, which is forty miles from Ras Kowairat and 100 miles from Ghubbet Hashish, and forms the western extremity of the Gulf of Maseera, the coast turns abruptly to the west. Ras Madraka is better known to the Arabs as Ras Jezeera, of which word the appellation, viz., Cape Isoletta, formerly given to it by the Portuguese, is a translation. It is a dark headland with an islet off it, and stands 480 feet high, being regarded by all navigators as a notable landmark. On the north side is a spring of perfectly sweet water and another spring is found in the chine or cleft between Madraka and Dula, which is six miles distant. Ras Madraka is the eastern point of a curious triple cape, nine miles in length, the other two points being Takeh Abuk, 333 feet high, believed by the Arabs to be artificial and to. have been visited by Abuk al-Makkarme al-Janabi, who resided in a cave close by. It is, however, quite natural and is due to Plutonic upheaval, having a very singular appearance, being white, and standing on an extensive platform ; viewed from the north, it has the semblance of a mosque with a white dome or cupola. The geological structure of this promontory is extraordinary, Carter says that an eruption of igneous rocks has taken place and that the cape presents as complete a picture of such a disturbance as can well be witnessed. The continuity of the cliff, which on either side is uniform and horizontal, is here entirely broken up by igneous rocks, and detached portions of its strata thrown into all kinds of positions and weathered into all kinds of shapes. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p. 492 ※ SOURCE for Ras-Mastraka ON the twelfth of October, the wind still favoring us, we doubled Capes Garwân and Sangra — the latter of which forms the extreme point of Hadramaut, where Oman proper commences. This portion of the Indian Ocean is called by the Arabs Birket-Sangra-the pond of Sangra. Here the mountains descend abruptly to the plain, revealing a tract of sterile country much broken up by the action of water. Our progress was but slow, for this coast is much obstructed by rocks and shoals, the presence of which is detected by the color of the water, or the breaking of the waves. About four o'clock we drifted into a current, however, which carried us rapidly toward Ras-Mastraka, near which our sailors brought us to anchor after their own #2690 Co. Louis Du Couret, Life in the Desert or, Recollections of Travel in Asia and Africa, Mason Brothers, New York, 1860 ~ p. 437 Ra's al Mishaya : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788075 coordinate: lat 20.351012 long 58.443576 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's al Mishaya , Ra's al Mishayu , Ras Mishsiyu , VARIANT names: Maceira point , Ra's al Mishaya , ※ SOURCE for Maceira point « which the Moors call Madrica, and kept continually coasting along with due precaution, keeping close to land by day, and by night standing out to sea, to make their voyage with greater safety, until they came in sight of the Cape of Maceiras. And, as they were coming one morning from the sea to the coast, the Moorish pilots did' not recognise it; for some made themselves out to be on this side of the Cape of Resalgate, and others on the further side, and they were perplexed to find the currents there very rapidly setting in towards the Straits of Ormuz: but, as the sea was calm and the wind itnproving every moment, the Moorish pilots ordered the ships to be drawn up as close as possible to the shore, and anchored in from twenty-five to fourteen fathoms of water; for, a.lthough the coast is full 9f hidden rocks, it is clear, and affords good anchorage: and all this land near the sea is barren and sandy, and the interior has very lofty and rugged mountain ranges. As soon as the Moorish pilots arrived here, they at once knew they were on this side of the Cape of Resalgate, and at the Maceira point. The fleet remained at anchor there that night; and when morning broke, the ship Taforea, which was on the weather beam, fired two shots, and some went up the round top immediately to see what it was, and the man on the look-out said he saw three sails on the sea. Then Afonso Dalboquerque sent word to Antonio do Campo and Manoel Telez to' set sail and see what those sails were: and, in case they should lose sight of the fleet, he told them to coast along, and they would find him at the Cape of Resalgate, for the Moorish pilot he carried knew the coast very well. The two captains having started, Monso Dalboquerque ordered the other ships to sail, and they anchored that day in the afternoon on this side of the Cape of Resalgate, which is a coast well shaded and clear, and of good anchorage; » #41 Albuquerque, Afonso de ed. W. de G. Birch., The Commentaries of the Great Affonso De Albuquerque - 1500-1580 The Second Viceroy of India. Translated from the Portuguese edition of 1774, with notes and an introduction, by W. de G. Birch., Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1875-94:2000 ~ vol.1 p.60-61 checked the original #2640 Affonso de Albuquerque, Commentarios, Regia Officina typografica, 1774 ~ vol.1 pp. 80-1 and spelling is the same « do cabo de Maceiras » and « e a ponta de Maceiras » there is no Ras Massera in map [850] but there is the island « Massera » the island and « Kl.Massera » located 26km west of the current Ra's al Mishaya suggesting the possiblity of coastline changeand « Massera » the island Ra's al Mukalla : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -3190037 coordinate: lat 14.511089 long 49.168069 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's al Mukalla , VARIANT names: mocala , mocalla , Ra's al Mukalla , ※ SOURCE for mocala in {map#576 15ª carta: Mar Vermelho e Golfo Pérsico, Livro De Marinharia, de João de Lisboa, anonymous, 1560, Colecção Cartográfica, n.º 166} and PMC vol. 1 EST 96A ※ SOURCE for mocalla in {map#834 Eastern Africa, Arabia, and India, Fernão Vaz Dourado, 1550-1575, The Huntington Library HM41 fol11} and PMC vol. 3 EST 269 ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Mukalla in {map#904 1:500,000 - World Series 1404, Great Britain. War Office and Air Ministry, 1958, al-mukalla 686-a} Ras al Mutaf : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -3075903 coordinate: lat 27.716667 long 51.633333 NIMA/GNS names: Damagheh-ye Motaf , Ra`s al Motaf , Ras al Mutaf , Ra's ol Motaf , Ra's ol Mutal , دماغۀ مطاف , رءس المطاف , رءس الموتل , راس الموتف , رعس المطاف , VARIANT names: c. de Uerdestao , cap Sermutaf , Cape Bardistan , Cape Berdistan , Kane , Ras al Mutaf , Ras al-Kamila , Ras Mulgurrum , Ras ol Motaf , Ras Sermutaf , Uhm-Kheilah , Verdistan , ※ SOURCE for c. de Uerdestao « Uerdestao. c. de (25 B) : Bardestan » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006, ~ p. 432 « c. de Uerdestao » in {map#576 15ª carta: Mar Vermelho e Golfo Pérsico, Livro De Marinharia, de João de Lisboa, , 1560, Colecção Cartográfica, n.º 166, Arquivo Nacional, Torre do Tombo, Lisbon, Colecção Cartográfica, n.º 166} see PMC vol. 1 EST 96A and AHduGP map 25 ※ SOURCE for cap Sermutaf « cap Sermutaf » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Cape Bardistan «There is a good view of the area of Cape Bardistan in the secret manuscript atlas of the Dutch East India Company of 1760. (53) fn. 53. De Haan’s atlas in ARA, VELH 156 vol. 2 chart 14. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 17 ※ SOURCE for Cape Berdistan « RAS BERDISTAN, OR CAPE BERDISTAN, in lat. 27° 58' N. lon. 51° 26 E., is a remarkable headland, easily known by the Hills or Hummocks of Kenn, visible 15 leagues in clear weather, which are situated close to it; and to the southward, at 4 or 5 miles distance, there is a small island covered with trees, called Mongella, or Monjellah. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ vol 1 2 ed. P. 264 [coordinates in above source of 27.8, 51.4333 differ slightly from NIMA/GNS data set. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Kane « Along this coast we sailed for thirty-five days, with much toil and trouble. Our provision began to fail; nor could we renew it there, for all that shore is disturbed by the wanton ravages of the Portuguese fustas,(2) which commonly cruize there. When we had got to Chilao near Verdostam, a place in a sound between Point Vedican and the shoals of Kane,(3) the head wind increased and continued. So, perforce, having lost an anchor and cable, and very nearly run on the shore,(1) which was close aboard, the captain gave orders to bear away for Harmuz, and in four days we ran eighty leagues; that we had gained, with much toil, in five-and-thirty. fn. 2 Small armed vessels, Anglice, “foists.” fn. 3 Chilao is probably Shilu, “four miles to the westward of Tahiri” (Persian Gulf Pilot, p. 255). Bardistan is not far away, and is on all recent maps and charts. The Point of Vedican is Ras Naband, sheltering Bandar Baid Khan; and the shoals of Kane are certainly those of Ras-al-Mutaf, near whose northern end is Ras-al-Khan – not that this name matters much in their identification, which depends on position. fn. 1 The fourth use of "dar al travez" for "to run ashore," in the Viage. » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ ※ SOURCE for Ras al Mutaf « Ras al Mutaf » in {map#1016 Persian Gulf. Western Sheet, Constable and Stiffe, 1917, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837b} ※ SOURCE for Ras al-Kamila « Auf den heutigen Sar-Mutaf darf der Küstenvorsprung Ras al-Kamila , bezogen werden, wo 917 Ibn Bábikad aus Basrah auf der Fahrt nach Siraf Schiffbruch litt ("Agâyib al-Hind 107, p. 161). [The coastal promontory Ras al-Kamila, where 917 Ibn Bábikad from Basrah was shipwrecked on the way to Siraf in 917 ("Agâyib al-Hind 107, p. 161), can be related to today's Sar-Mutaf.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 60 « CI. Raced El-Ghoulam, fils de Bâlichâd, m'a dit : « Durant une traversée que je fis de Siraf à Basra dans une belle barque, dans le mois de dhou'l-qada de l'année 305, la tempête nous assaillit près de Ras-el-Kamila. [CI. Raced Al-Ghoulam, son of Balishad, told me: "During a crossing that I made from Siraf to Basra in a beautiful boat, in the month of dhu'l-qada of the year 305, the storm attacked us near of Ras-el-Kamila. ] » #2990 Buzurg b. Shahriyâr (al-Râm-Hurmuzî.), Adjâ îb al-Hind. Les merveilles de l'Inde [by Buzurg b. Shahriyâr] tr. avec intr., notes, index analytique et géographique par L. M. Devic. (Nouv. coll. Jannet-Picard)., 1878 ~ p.137 ※ SOURCE for Ras Mulgurrum « RAS MULGURRUM, sometimes called CAPE BERDISTAN, in lat. 27° 50' N., lon. 51° 38' E., has two isles near it; and about 4 leagues inland, bearing N. by E., is Jibbel Dring, or the Hummocks of Kenn, visible 15 leagues in clear weather; and to the W.S.W. 4 or 5 miles, on the western part of the shoal which lines this part of the coast, lies the small island Monakilah, covered with trees. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852, ~ vol. 1 ed.6 1852 p. 417 ※ SOURCE for Ras ol Motaf « A drying bank of sand over rock, of which Ras ol Motaf is the extremity, lies on this shoal. 14.15 This drying bank has been reported to extend further W and S than charted. 14.15 Khowr-e Khan (27°48'N., 51°39'E.), with depths of 3.7 to 12.8m, is a channel between the mainland and the bank on which lies Ras ol Motaf. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 298 ※ SOURCE for Ras Sermutaf « 3º Ras el Montaf. Selon le Pilote anglais, et aussi selon la carte, ce nom ne désigne pas un cap mais l'une des extrémités des hauts-fonds s'étendant au large du cap de Bardestan. Le détroit séparant ces hauts-fonds de la côte, appelé Khor-Khan sur la carte de 1945, comme il a déjà été mentionné, semble correspondre au Khour Ayaz du Pilote anglais. Berghaus, s'appuyant sur Dupré, situe le Ras Sermutaf dans la lat. 27 43' N. et fait remarquer qu'il est désigné par beaucoup d'auteurs sous le nom de Ras Berdistan. Il propose de l'appeler le faux Ras Berdistan. Horsburgh avait aussi signalé que la pointe formant la limite occidentale de la baie de Konkun, est parfois nommé à tort le cap Berdistan. Tomaschek avait également noté qu'on semble avoir désigné le cap Bardestan par le nom de Sar-Moutaf, mais les raisons de cet auteur ne me sont pas connues pour supposer que le Sar-Moutaf puisse correspondre à l'ancien Ras el Kämila où, en 917 (305 H.), Rached el Gholam ben Babechad s'est échoué, en voyageant de Siraf à Bassorah («Merveilles de l'Inde p. 161). [3º Ras el Montaf. According to the English Pilot, and also according to the map, this name does not designate a cape but one of the extremities of the shoals extending off the Cape of Bardestan. The strait separating these shoals from the coast, called Khor-Khan on the 1945 map, as already mentioned, seems to correspond to the Khour Ayaz of the English Pilot. Berghaus, relying on Dupré, places Ras Sermutaf in lat. 27 43' N. and points out that it is designated by many authors under the name of Ras Berdistan. He proposes to call it the false Ras Berdistan. Horsburgh had also pointed out that the point forming the western limit of the Bay of Konkun, is sometimes wrongly called Cape Berdistan. Tomaschek had also noted that Cape Bardestan seems to have been designated by the name of Sar-Moutaf, but I am not aware of the reasons given by this author for supposing that Sar-Moutaf could correspond to the ancient Ras el Kämila where, in 917 (305 H.), Rached el Gholam ben Babechad ran aground, while travelling from Siraf to Bassorah ("Merveilles de l'Inde p. 161).] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 203 ※ SOURCE for Uhm-Kheilah « Many other places in the Persian Gulf are rendered classical by the allusions to them in the "Voyage of Nearchus," B.C. 328. To the West of Kongoon is Uhm-Kheilah, called by sailors, Cape Berdistan (or Verdistan) the "Place of Cold." » #782 Low, Charles Rathbone, History of the Indian Navy (1613-1863), Richard Bentley and Son, 1877 ~ vol1 p. 333 ※ SOURCE for Verdistan « Many other places in the Persian Gulf are rendered classical by the allusions to them in the "Voyage of Nearchus," B.C. 328. To the West of Kongoon is Uhm-Kheilah, called by sailors, Cape Berdistan (or Verdistan) the "Place of Cold." » #782 Low, Charles Rathbone, History of the Indian Navy (1613-1863), Richard Bentley and Son, 1877 ~ vol1 p. 333 Ras al Sharik : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788830 coordinate: lat 21.646172 long 59.460306 NIMA/GNS names: Ras al Sharik , Ra's ash Sharik , Ra's ash Shirq , Ra's Sariq , رأس سارق , VARIANT names: Ras al Sharik , ※ SOURCE for Ras al Sharik « or the present-day Ghubbat al-Hashish. Beyond this both of Sulaiman's texts have al-Hilmatain which according to Qutami is at the southern end of Masira ('Umda 94°, Minhaj 93°) and which is followed by Hilf Masira (94° and 10° P.S.) (Umda 5) the northern cape of Masira island. From Khuriya Muriya the route was NE to Masira or from the former to Madraka NE by E and from here to Masira NE by N from Masira to al- Hadd was NNE. North of Maṣira the texts agree except for the خناتل,1,104 at 90 and بة جناب actual figures with Ghubbat Hanabil Khanatil in Qutami); Ra's Sariq (Ra's al-Sharik Internat. 1:1m) at 10° and 101°; al-Khabba (Ra's al-Khabbeh Internat. 1:1m) at 104° and 103°; and finally Ra's al-Hadd at 1010 and 11°. In addition the present-day Ra's Jibsh is probably mentioned by both authors. It would be written بيشر , but is disguised in the Minhaj as راس بيشرة and in Ibn Majid as راس بيشة. Of these capes Ibn Majid also mentions Ra's al-Hadd, Ra's Sariq and of course Masira island. Ra's al-Hadd (Cabo de Rosalgate to the Portuguese) » #370 Tibbetts, G. R., Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean before the coming of the Portuguese, The Royal Asiatic Society, Luzac and Co., London, 1971 ~ p. 444 Ra's ar Ru'ays : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788552 coordinate: lat 22.184456 long 59.770383 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's ar Ru'ays , Ras ar Ruwais , Ra's ar Ruways , رأس الرويس , VARIANT names: Ra's ar Ru'ays , Ras-Rüus , ※ SOURCE for Ras-Rüus (map [829] Oman and the Persian Gulf in book #482, G. P. Badger, 1871, Razik, Salil-Ibn, History of the Imâms and Seyyids of ’Omân) Ra's ar Ru'ays (RU1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK842543 converted to coordinate: lat 22.1706831119455 long 59.7558653461908 VARIANT names: Ra's ar Ru'ays (RU1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's ar Ru'ays (RU1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ras ar Ruwais : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788551 coordinate: lat 20.953195 long 58.805767 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's ar Ru'ays , Ras ar Ruwais , Ra's ar Ruways , Sheiblah , رأس الرويس , VARIANT names: Qi Haid , Ras ar Ruwais , Ras Rowais , Sheiballa , ※ SOURCE for Qi Haid the site « Qi Haid » iin the (map [863] A map showing the Arabian Sea coast from Ras al-Hadd to Bar al-Hikman., Hélène David, 2012, #2647 Vincent Charpentier, Jean-François Berger, Rémy Crassard, Marc Lacaze and Gourguen Davtian, Prehistory and palaeo-geography of the coastal fringes of the Wahiba Sands and Bar al-Hikman, Sultanate of Oman, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2012 vol. 42:pp. 57-78 ~) is approx 2 km heading 346º from these NIMA co-ordinates at 20.979224° 58.789570° ※ SOURCE for Ras Rowais « The next point is Ras Rowais, which is said to be geologically interesting, the low cliffs being of yellow limestone,' about 100 feet high, with horizontal strata. Ras Rowais, like Ras al-Khabba, belongs to the Jenebeh tribe, who have a large village at the former point. After Ras Rowais comes Um al-Direes, of the Beni Bu Ali, and then Sowaih Beni Bu Ali, marked by a large rock leading to a depression inland, formerly under water. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p. 485 ※ SOURCE for Sheiballa « South-west of the Ai Askhara-IIadd segment of the littoral, only one sizable village was reported in 1917 all the way to the far side of Kuria Muria Day. That was Sheiballa, with about 200 huts, near the northern end of Masira Channel. » #2705 Peveril Meigs, Geography of Coastal Deserts, Arid Zone Research - Volume 28, UNESCO, 1966 ~ p. 58 Ra's as Sauqara : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788745 coordinate: lat 18.126981 long 56.550635 NIMA/GNS names: Ras as Sauqara , Ras as Sauqra , Ra's Sawkira , Ra's Sawqarah , Ra's Sawqirah , Ra's Sawqrah , Ras Sukra , رأس صوقرة , VARIANT names: Cape Sangra , Cape Saugra , Ra's as Sauqara , Ras Sukra , ※ SOURCE for Cape Sangra ON the twelfth of October, the wind still favoring us, we doubled Capes Garwân and Sangra — the latter of which forms the extreme point of Hadramaut, where Oman proper commences. This portion of the Indian Ocean is called by the Arabs Birket-Sangra-the pond of Sangra. Here the mountains descend abruptly to the plain, revealing a tract of sterile country much broken up by the action of water. #2690 Co. Louis Du Couret, Life in the Desert or, Recollections of Travel in Asia and Africa, Mason Brothers, New York, 1860 ~ p.437 ※ SOURCE for Cape Saugra « Cape Saugra: N.E. extreme, 18° 09' N., 56° 3õ' E.; S.E. extreme, 18° 06.7' N., 56° 35' E. We steered W.S.W. about four leagues, tben South about four more, in from eigbt to ten fathoms, when, in lat. 18° 30', we made Cape Saugra, bearing S.W. We then steered S.W.b.S., our soundings varying from eight to eleven fathoms, until sunset, when we again anchoren, in nine fathoms, with Cape Saugra bearing S.W.¼S., four leagues. Our anchorage was in 18° 18.5' N. ln the forenoon of tbe 9th of January, 1824, we steered to pass a league outside of Cape Saugra, South; where we had twenty-five fathoms. From our anchorage, tbe soundings varied from eight to eleven fathoms, untiI Cape Saugra, North, bore about W.S.W., when we deepened regularly to twenty-five fathoms, as before said. We then steered S.W., by compass, to pass about a league outside of Ras Garwow, or the Cape Chansely of Horsburgh, and deepened quickly to sixty fathoms in a distance of about seven miles; after which we had no bottom at the sarne depth until within a league of Garwow, due East of it, where we found twenty-seven fathoms. » #2710 Capt. W. F. W. Owen, The Coast of Arabla Felix, — from the Journal of Capt. W. F. W. Owen, of H.M.S. "Leven.", in: , The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle, Simpkin, Marshall and Co., , no. 26 1857, pp. 180-191 ~ p. 188 ※ SOURCE for Ra's as Sauqara in {map#904 1:500,000 - World Series 1404, Great Britain. War Office and Air Ministry, 1958, marmul-670-a} « as duas pontas [Portuguese name] R. Sauqirah? [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p.99 Ras as Shir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CAPE UFI: -3084979 coordinate: lat 26.022222 long 57.186389 NIMA/GNS names: Ras as Shir , Ras ash Shir , Ra's osh Shir , Ra's-e Shir , VARIANT names: Ras as Shir , Ra's ash Shaqallah (SAQ1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ465809 converted to coordinate: lat 21.5138819518029 long 59.37955382011 VARIANT names: Ra's ash Shaqallah (SAQ1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's ash Shaqallah (SAQ1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's ash Sharik 1 (SHS1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ537964 converted to coordinate: lat 21.6527912072806 long 59.4513650933809 VARIANT names: Ra's ash Sharik 1 (SHS1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's ash Sharik 1 (SHS1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's ash Sharik 2 (SHS2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ541962 converted to coordinate: lat 21.6509288044292 long 59.4551968265937 VARIANT names: Ra's ash Sharik 2 (SHS2) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's ash Sharik 2 (SHS2) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's ash Sharik 3 (SHS3) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ544958 converted to coordinate: lat 21.6472753006715 long 59.4580323304238 VARIANT names: Ra's ash Sharik 3 (SHS3) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's ash Sharik 3 (SHS3) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's ash Sharik 7 (SHS7) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ539983 converted to coordinate: lat 21.6699132463383 long 59.4535864079246 VARIANT names: Ra's ash Sharik 7 (SHS7) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's ash Sharik 7 (SHS7) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's ash Sharik 8 (SHS8) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ541985 converted to coordinate: lat 21.6716899882154 long 59.4555483615408 VARIANT names: Ra's ash Sharik 8 (SHS8) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's ash Sharik 8 (SHS8) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ras ash Shatt : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPIT UFI: -3084658 coordinate: lat 29.1 long 50.7 NIMA/GNS names: Ras ash Shatt , Ra's osh Shatt , Ra's-e- Shatt , VARIANT names: Ras ash Shatt , Ras Rohila , Ras Rohilla , Ras Schat , ※ SOURCE for Ras ash Shatt « RAS ASH SHATT, the point which, with the banks off it, forms the shelter to Bushire harbour against the shamál, bears N.W. W. 10 miles from the Residency, and is sandy and very low, hardly above the sea level; it is a narrow strip of sand, and inside it is an extensive swamp intersected by numerous creeks, extending for many miles inland, and to the eastward beyond Shif. All these creeks have deep water inside, but only 2 to 3 feet at the entrance. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890, ~ p. 278 « Die Landspitze, welche von den englischen Seefahrern Rohillah, Rowlah, genannt wird, nach einem angränzenden kleinen Bezirk, der aus zehn bis zwölf ärmlichen Dörfern besteht (17), ist ohne Zweifel dieselbe, welche bei Niebuhr unter dem Namen Ras Schatt vorkommt (18); sie ist sehr niedrig von der See aus, selbst bei Tage fn. 17 Kinneir a. a . O. fn. 18 Descr. de l'Arab. 275. Sinus persicus [The point of land which the English sailors call Rohillah, Rowlah, after an adjoining small district consisting of ten to twelve poor villages (17), is undoubtedly the same as that which occurs in Niebuhr under the name of Ras Schatt (18) ; it is very low from the sea, even during the day fn. 17 Kinneir a. a. O. fn. 18 Descr. de l'Arab. 275. Sinus persicus.] » #2992 Berghaus, Heinrich, Geo-Hydrographisches Memoir Zur Erklärung Und Erläuterung Der Reduzirten Karte Vom Persischen Golf Berghaus' Atlas von Asia, Gotha, ~ p. 38 ※ SOURCE for Ras Rohila « #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 522 ※ SOURCE for Ras Rohilla « Ras Rohilla is a low sandy point, with a mound near it, in lat. 29° 4' 30" N., long. 50° 41' 25" E. From Ras Rohilla to Bushire extends a flat, with two and three fathoms water on it at high-water, and dry in parts at low. In standing along it, three and a half and four fathoms is a guide in the day, but you should not come under five fathoms in the night. » #2994 ed. Robert Hughes Thomas, Historical and Other Information Connected with Place in the Persian Gulf, government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, 1856 ~ p. 584 ※ SOURCE for Ras Schat « Râs Schat » in {map#1035 Tab: XIX Sinus Persici maximam partem ad observationes proprias A. MDCCLXV, Carsten Niebuhr, 1765, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Philosophie, histoire, sciences de l'homme, 4-O2G-7 (A)} see AHduGP map 102 Ra's ash Sheyas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CAPE UFI: -3084754 coordinate: lat 26.494167 long 54.795556 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's ash Sheyas , Ras ash Shias , Ra's-e Shenas , رءس الشياس , رءس شناس , راس الشياس , VARIANT names: Ra's ash Sheyas , Ra's ash Sjarik 6 (SHS6) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ542978 converted to coordinate: lat 21.6653570798997 long 59.456406981172 VARIANT names: Ra's ash Sjarik 6 (SHS6) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's ash Sjarik 6 (SHS6) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's az Zawr : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -789985 coordinate: lat 28.7433333 long 48.3963889 NIMA/GNS names: Ras Al-Zour , Ras az Zaur , Ra's az Zawr , Ras az Zor , VARIANT names: Ra's az Zawr , Ras az Zor , Ras-ul-Zoor , Zaur , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Ra's az Zawr FOR Sar [Slot], ※ SOURCE for Ras az Zor « Ras az Zor (Zaur), 16 miles 342° from Ras Bardhalk, is low and sandy. Shoal water extends off Ras az Zor for about 1.5 miles northeastward to 3 miles northward. Duhat az Zark (Zaur), between Ras az Zor and Ras al Kaliyah, has many shoal patches, extending 4 miles offshore. » #2932 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf, Including the Gulf of Oman and the Mekrán Coast, Hydrographic Office, United States, 1931 ~ p. 160 ※ SOURCE for Ras-ul-Zoor « RAS-UL-ZOOR, in lat. 28° 53' N. lon. about 48° 16' E. is the south point of a bay, formed between it and Ras-ul-Gillia, the northern extreme; both of which have reefs fronting them, and betwixt these, there is 4 fathoms water, and 3 fathoms in the bay, where a vessel might be sheltered from southerly winds. Between Katif and this place, the coast is unknown to Europeans, but it is thought to be barren and destitute of shelter, with soundings in most places decreasing regularly to the shore. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817 ~ vol. 1 p. 271 ※ SOURCE for Zaur « Ras az Zor (Zaur), 16 miles 342° from Ras Bardhalk, is low and sandy. Shoal water extends off Ras az Zor for about 1.5 miles northeastward to 3 miles northward. Duhat az Zark (Zaur), between Ras az Zor and Ras al Kaliyah, has many shoal patches, extending 4 miles offshore. » #2932 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf, Including the Gulf of Oman and the Mekrán Coast, Hydrographic Office, United States, 1931 ~ p. 160 Ra's Bard Halq : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -3093869 coordinate: lat 28.4916667 long 48.5 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Bard Halq , Ras Bardhalk , Ras Umm Maksaba , Ra's Umm Qusubah , Umm Qasba' , Umm Ugsuba , Umm Ugsubba , VARIANT names: Ra's Bard Halq , Ras Bardhalk , ※ SOURCE for Ras Bardhalk « Ras az Zor (Zaur), 16 miles 342° from Ras Bardhalk, is low and sandy. Shoal water extends off Ras az Zor for about 1.5 miles northeastward to 3 miles northward. Duhat az Zark (Zaur), between Ras az Zor and Ras al Kaliyah, has many shoal patches, extending 4 miles offshore. » #2932 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf, Including the Gulf of Oman and the Mekrán Coast, Hydrographic Office, United States, 1931 ~ p. 160 Ra's Bashin : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -786478 coordinate: lat 26.18899 long 56.48584 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's al Bashshin , Ra's Bashin , رأس البشين , VARIANT names: Hook of Kierkasie , Ra's Bashin , ※ SOURCE for Hook of Kierkasie From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666:« From the Northern corner till the Southern corner of the bay of Fillm the course is S. to the west for 1½ mile and the depth (3370) is 48, 46, 45, 40 to 38 fathoms /over/ good sand ground. At a distance of about the range of a pig of iron off shore a small island is situated at 1 mile E, to the south off the corner of Kierkasie (24). The depth between this island and the shore is 40 fathoms /over/ sand ground. From the Hook of Kierkasie till Puncto Marrazie (25) the course is S. and half to the west for more than 2½ miles. One sails over sand ground with depths of 46, 45, 40 to 38 fathoms. fn. 24 Probably (Qaryah) Karshah is meant here. The island probably is Dmm alFaiyann. fn. 25 Here probably Duhat Shaisah is meant.» #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p.302 ※ SOURCE for Ra's Bashin « Jazirat Umm al Fayyarin (26°11'N., 56°32'E.) is a light-colored steep-to islet lying 3.5 miles E of Ras Bashin. Landing may be made on its SE side. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 275 Ras Bustaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CAPE UFI: -3056944 coordinate: lat 26.5 long 54.616667 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Bostaneh , Ras Bustaneh , Ra's-e Bostaneh , Ra's-e Bostanu , رءس بستانه , رءس بستانه , رءس بستانو , راس بوستانه , VARIANT names: Ras Bostonah , Ras Bustaneh , ※ SOURCE for Ras Bostonah « Moghu or Moghunah, is situated in the bay between Ras Bostonah and Ras Yarid on the Persian shore. Until the acquisition of Bassadore on the north-west extremity of the island of Kishm, Moghu was the station for the Indian Navy squadron. » #782 Low, Charles Rathbone, History of the Indian Navy (1613-1863), Richard Bentley and Son, 1877 ~ vol1 p. 333 Ra's Dillah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -786766 coordinate: lat 26.13092 long 56.48776 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's ad Dallah , Ras Dilla , Ra's Dillah , رأس الدلة , VARIANT names: Puncto Marrazie , Ra's Dillah , ※ SOURCE for Puncto Marrazie From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666:« From the Hook of Kierkasie till Puncto Marrazie (25) the course is S. and half to the west for more than 2½ miles. One sails over sand ground with depths of 46, 45, 40 to 38 fathoms. fn. 25 Here probably Duhat Shaisah is meant. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~#131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 301 Ras es Zor : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -3101158 coordinate: lat 27.4727778 long 49.3011111 NIMA/GNS names: Ras al Badi`a , Ra's al Badi`ah , Ras al Bidiya , Ras al Bidya` , Ra's al- Bidyah , Ra's az Zawr , Ras es Zor , VARIANT names: Ras es Zor , Ra's Fartak : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -3186709 coordinate: lat 15.634117 long 52.224594 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Fartak , VARIANT names: C: Da: Matriacha , cabo de fartaqe , Promontory of Syagrus , Ra's Fartak , Syagros Akra , Syagros? Pr. , ※ SOURCE for C: Da: Matriacha « C: Da: Matriacha » in {map#897 Carte de l'Océan Indien, John Burston, 1665, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, CPL GE SH 18E PF 213 DIV 3 P 4 RES} ※ SOURCE for cabo de fartaqe « cabo de fartaqe » #2661 Luís De Albuquerque e Maria Catarina Henriques Dos Santos, Atlas de Lazaro Luis 1563 Códice da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, A Academia, 1990 ~ Fol. 5V. [O-E] in {map#884 FOL. 5V. [O-E], Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see PMC vol. 2 EST 216 ※ SOURCE for Promontory of Syagrus « Respecting the position of this bay there was a difference of opinion among the ancient geographers, Marinus placing it towards the West, and Ptolemy towards the East, of the promontory Syagrus (Ras Fartak). (Ptol, 1, 17, 2, comp. 6.7. § § 11, 46.) Marcianus (p. 23) agrees with Ptolemy; and says that the bay extended from this promontory to the mouth of the Persian Gulf (comp. Steph. B. sub voce Σαχαλίτ ς όλπος). Arrian (Peripl. Mar. Erythr. p. 17.29) on the other hand agrees with Marcian, and places the bay between Cane and the promontory Syagrus. » #2637 Fee-Alexandra Haase, The Representation of the Arabian Peninsula Before the Establishment of the Gulf States: The Contemporary Areas of ‘Oman,’ ‘United Arab Emirates,’ ‘Saudi Arabia,’ and ‘Bahrain’ in a Diachronic Study of Ethnonyms and Toponyms in Historical Arabic and English Sources, SSRN, 2013 ~ p. 43 et al The signification of the name Sudgros, " the wild boar" in its connection with this promontory, has been often alluded to : but it has, hitherto, wholly escaped the observation of the learned, that Sudgros is simply the Greek rendering of the Arabic name Fartask, literally, " the boar's, or wild boar's, snout."* A glance at the map may suffice to indicate the origin of the name, in the form of the Cape ; which terminates in a point strikingly the Cape ; which terminates in a point strikingly resembling the nose of the savage animal whose name it bears. If any thing were wanting to complete so full an identification, it is supplied by Commodore Owen's chart; in which, while the Cape is named Fartask, the town seated under it preserves to this day the memory of the Syagrian Promontory, and of the Arabian commerce of the Greeks, in its actual name of Sugger. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 ~ pp. 170-1 « Ptolemy referred to the mistake of Marinus in showing the ’Sachalite’ bay to the west rather than to the east of Syagrus (Ra’s Fartak). » #218 Groom, Nigel, Oman and the Emirates in Ptolemy's Map, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 1994 ~ p. 207 « After Cane followed a very deep gulf, to which our author gives the name of Sachalites, extending for a long space, and hounded at its eastern extremity by the promontory of Syagrus, facing towards the east, which is termed “ the greatest headland in the world.'’ ^ What gave rise to this notion it is impossible to say, but the promontory in question is undoubtedly the same with the modern Cape Fartak, which is described as “a lofty mountain about 2500 feet high, forming a very prominent cape, which may be seen by the navigator 60 miles off on a clear day.”^ Its chief importance in the eyes of Greek navigators in the days we are considering was however derived from its being the point of departure from which ships bound direct for India struck out into the open sea. » #246 Bunbury, E. H., History of Ancient Geography (Among the Greeks and Romans from the Earliest Ages till the Fall of the Roman Empire), Dover Publications inc., New York, 1959 ~ p. 458 « D2 | Syagros? Pr. § Sygaros Pr.| R | Ras Fartak YEM | Groom 1995, 186 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ Directory MAP 4 ARABIA-AZANIA p. 49 ※ SOURCE for Ra's Fartak « Rás Farták,(1) in 15° 36' 40" N., 52° 21' 10" E., fn. 1 I conceive there has been a great error committed by certain geographers in placing the ancient Syagros at Rás el Hadd, and I am inclined to place it with Dr. Vincent at the modern Rás Farták, for the following reasons:-In Arrian's description of different parts of the Arabian coast,(a) the first place named is the village of Arabia Felix, which may fairly be fixed at 'Aden; from it he carries his reader to Cana, the site of which I have determined to be the modern Hisn Ghoráb. He then mentions the extensive bay of the Sachalita,(b)supposed to be the long line of low coast between Makallah and Keshín; he afterwards remarks(c) that the promontory of Syagros, and beyond it the Port of Moscha (d) and the islands of Zenobins follow in regular succession. What then can this order of succession be but Shehr, Farták, Dhofar, and the Curia Muria (Khuryán Muryán) (e) islands? beyond all these, is Rás el Hadd, which is itself aluded to as the place where the coast takes a sudden turn towards the Persian Gulf. fn. a 156, ed. Blancard, Amst., 1683. fn. b The gulf called Sachalites (Arrian, Peripl. Maris Erythr. p. 158). Sachal is, as M. Fresnel has observed (Journal Asiatique, iii. x. 191), identical with Shihr, or Shahr, as it was, perhaps, anciently pronounced. fn. c Vincent's Periplus of the Erythrean Sea, pp. 331, 344. fn. d Mosen Asahem in Capt. Haines's MSS., which is evidently an error of transcrip- tion; perhaps he wrote, 'the ports of Moscha and Omana, as in Dr. Vincent's work, p. 344. fn. e Erroneously Khartán and Martán in most of the Arabian geographers-t being distinguished from y only as its two points are above, instead of being below, the letter. » #16 Haines, Stafford B., Memoir of the south-east coasts of Arabia. Part II, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1845 15:104-60 ~ p. 114 ※ SOURCE for Syagros Akra in Fig. 1. Explanations. The names of the Ptol. Map #899 Pauly, August Friedrich von and Wissowa, Georg, Realencyclopädie der classischen Altertumswissenschaft. Supplementband XI, Abragila–Zengisa (1968), Stuttgart, 1925 ~ cols. 1353-4 ※ SOURCE for Syagros? Pr. « Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 15.635278, 52.223611 » D.T. Potts, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Syagros? Pr.: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2022 online reference link [accessed 10 Mar 2023] Ra's Hadud 1 (HDD1) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH859265 converted to coordinate: lat 20.1338017913772 long 57.8218576920223 VARIANT names: Ra's Hadud 1 (HDD1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Hadud 1 (HDD1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's Hadud 2 (HDD2) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH868262 converted to coordinate: lat 20.1310507470363 long 57.8304535478332 VARIANT names: Ra's Hadud 2 (HDD2) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Hadud 2 (HDD2) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's Halat 1 (HL1) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH882373 converted to coordinate: lat 20.2312813738951 long 57.8443868119939 VARIANT names: Ra's Halat 1 (HL1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Halat 1 (HL1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's Halat 2 (HL2) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH882369 converted to coordinate: lat 20.2276671870408 long 57.8443672983112 VARIANT names: Ra's Halat 2 (HL2) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Halat 2 (HL2) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's Hamar : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -787140 coordinate: lat 16.899357 long 53.945965 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's al Himar , Ra's Hamar , Ra's Himar , رأس حمار , رأس حمر , VARIANT names: Ras el Ahmar , Ra's Hamar , ※ SOURCE for Ras el Ahmar in {map#945 Survey of Part of the South East Coast of Arabia, Haines, Stafford Bettesworth, 1845, Royal Geographical Society} Ra's Hasik : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -787231 coordinate: lat 17.396669 long 55.305339 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Hasik , رأس حاسك , VARIANT names: Asichon Pr. , Ra's Hasik , ※ SOURCE for Asichon Pr. « E2 | Asichon Pr. | R | Ras Hasik OMN | von Wissmann 1977, 10-12 » in #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ Map 4 Arabia-Azania directory p. 45 « Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 17.4, 55.31 » D.T. Potts, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Asichon (promontory): a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2021 at online reference link [accessed 10 Mar 2023] ※ SOURCE for Ra's Hasik « HASIK (HASEK), a town in the Mahra country [g.v.], east of Mirbat [q.v.] in 17° 21' N. Lat. and 55° 23' E. Long., at the foot of the high mountain of Nus (Lüs), the ?Aaσίχωυ of the Periplus Maris Erythraei. Before the town lies the "bay of herbs" (Djun al-Hashish), the bay of Häsik (Ra's Ḥāsik), also called Kuria Muria Bay after the two islands lying opposite (Kharyan and Maryān in Idrisi). Idrisi describes Häsik as a small fortified town four days east of Mirbat, » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden ~ vol. 3 p. 269 Ra's Jibsh : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -787512 coordinate: lat 21.449355 long 59.35004 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's al Jibsh , Ra's Jibish , Ra's Jibsh , رأس جبش , VARIANT names: Kuroon , Ras Djibsch , Ra's Jibsh , ※ SOURCE for Kuroon « We then come to Ras Jibsh, or Kuroon, thirty miles from Askhara. This is a dark rock, about xoo feet high, of volcanic formation, composed of euphotide, diorite, and homeblende, having an old tower on the top and a hamlet on the south¬ west side. On the north side of Jibsh is a small bay, which in former times was connected with a long creek or backwater two miles square, but which is now dry, being twelve feet above the level of the sea. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p. 486 ※ SOURCE for Ras Djibsch (map [850] 6. Arabia und das Nil-Land, Berghaus, Heinrich, 1835, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 15177.003) Ra's Jibsh 1 (JB1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ430734 converted to coordinate: lat 21.446653577955 long 59.3447038455784 VARIANT names: Ra's Jibsh 1 (JB1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Jibsh 1 (JB1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's Jibsh 2 (JB2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ433732 converted to coordinate: lat 21.444807496597 long 59.3475677909267 VARIANT names: Ra's Jibsh 2 (JB2) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Jibsh 2 (JB2) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's Jibsh 3 (JB3) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ433735 converted to coordinate: lat 21.4475157615952 long 59.3476111528781 VARIANT names: Ra's Jibsh 3 (JB3) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Jibsh 3 (JB3) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's Jumaylah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788432 coordinate: lat 21.94848 long 59.652814 NIMA/GNS names: Ras al Jumaila , Ra's Asilah , Ras Gumaila , Ras Gumeleh , Ra's Jumaylah , Ras Qumayla , Ra's Qumaylah , رأس أصيلة , VARIANT names: Ra's Jumaylah , Ras Rouze , Ras Rus , ※ SOURCE for Ras Rouze « Ras Rouze » and « Masera » on (map [853] Partie, l'Arabie. Asie 92., Vandermaelen, Philippe, 1827, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 2212.124) a little south of Ras al Hadd but when map is overlaid GE, Ra's ar Ru'ays is some 16m south. I cannot find any toponym resembling « Masera » in GE using NIMA. ? Placed with Ra's Jumaylah because of similarity with « Ras Rȗs » ※ SOURCE for Ras Rus « Ras Rȗs » corresponds well with Ra's Jumaylah in (map [850] 6. Arabia und das Nil-Land, Berghaus, Heinrich, 1835, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 15177.003) Ras Kabr Hindi : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788325 coordinate: lat 26.32221 long 56.51594 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Hindi , Ras Kabr Hindi , Ra's Qabr al Hindi , Ras Qabr Hindi , رأس هندي , VARIANT names: Pinder , Ras Kabr Hindi , ※ SOURCE for Pinder The location of « Pinder » cannot be confirmed and there is nothing to be had from the maps that it is shown on, the earliest of which is 1654. It shown as north of Doba (Dibba) in the Musandam #974 Qasimi, Sultan bin Muhammad Al-, The Gulf in Historic Maps, 1493-1931, Privately published, 1996 ~ pp. 60 onwards and 140 and in some instances north of a river p. 123 and north of Lima pp. 116, 117. It isshown in the following maps: « Pinder » in {map#917 The empire of the great Turke in Europe, Asia and Africa, William Berry, 1685, National Library of Israel sys. No. 990026261540205171} see AHduGP map 89 « Pinder » in {map#974 Imperium Turcicum in Europa, Asia et Africa, Regiones Proprias, Tributarias, Clientelaresq sicut et omnes ejusdem Beglirbegatus Seu Præfecturas Generales exhibens,, Johann Baptist Homann, 1720, Götzfried Antique Maps, Reference 11708} see AHduGP map 95 « Pinder » in {map#1007 Regno di Persia, Rossi, Giovanni Giacomo de, 1679, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 11438.152} see AHduGP map 64 « Pinder » in {map#988 Carte Particuliere d'une Partie d'Asie ou sont Les Isles D'Andemaon, Ceylan, Les Maldives, Pierre Mortier, 1700, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Map Collection Stock# 66433} see AHduGP map 51 « Pinder » in {map#989 Description de l'Empire du Sophi des Perses tirée en partie de l'Arabe de Nubie, Nicolas Sanson, 1658, Sanderus, Item Number: 28477} see AHduGP map 62 Until further information is found I propose it to be a corruption of Ras Kabr Hindi ※ SOURCE for Ras Kabr Hindi «Shisah (Dohat) درجة شيصة On the east coast, between Musandam island and Ghubbat Shābūs. The northern entrance of this inlet is known as Ras Qabr Hindi قبر هندي Hindi a name which local tradition explains by affirming that many years ago an Indian who died on board an Indian sailing vessel was buried here by his companions. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1613 Ra's Kara'i : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3064779 coordinate: lat 26.187148 long 57.196552 NIMA/GNS names: Gunari , Ra's Kara'i , Ra's-e Gonari , Rudkhaneh-ye Kare'i , Rudkhaneh-ye Kar'i , رودخانه کرئی , VARIANT names: Ra's Kara'i , Ra's Khaluf (KLF1) : arch. site OMN UTM: EG741748 converted to coordinate: lat 19.6671259676089 long 57.7068895718414 VARIANT names: Ra's Khaluf (KLF1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Khaluf (KLF1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's Kharyu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CAPE UFI: -3070812 coordinate: lat 26.516944 long 54.846944 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Kharyu , VARIANT names: Ra's Kharyu , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Kharyu « Ra's Kharyu » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} Ras Limah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -787791 coordinate: lat 25.944059 long 56.455322 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's al Ima , Ras Lima , Ra's Lima' , Ra's Limah , رأس ليماء , VARIANT names: Raccalima , Raccobina , Rancu, Racolima , Ra's al Ima , Ras Limah , Ras-ollima , Rocoyma , ※ SOURCE for Raccalima « ROCCALIMA, cabo - 0 cabo ou ras Al-Khaimah, em 25° 48' lat. N. e 55° 58' long. E., no litoral de Omão ou Oman. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 114 ※ SOURCE for Raccobina « This is the Raccobina of Van Keulen’s chart of 1753 (15), the Ras-ollima of Bonne’s Carte du Golphe Persique, published between 1760 and 1780 (16), and the Xns olima of Laurie and Whittle’s New Map of Arabin, published in 1794 (17). At first sight this might appear to resemble Ras al-Khaimah, albeit wrongly placed to the south of Sharjah and Julfar. Alternatively, one might suggest Ras Ellora (18), slightly northeast of Abu Dhabi, but this is a place of no importance. Perhaps more plausible is the suggestion that this toponym is a corruption of Lima, the name of a town on the east coast of Ruus a1 Jibal, and one which Ibn Mujawir noted as a stopping point in an itinerary which led from al- ’Aqr to Kalba, Khawr Fakkan, Lima and on to Julfar. This is clearly the opinion of Wilkinson, who notes that Lima ‘appears regularly on Portuguese maps’ (19). It is interesting to note that Lima is positioned much too far south, just above Khor Kalba, on Niebuhr’s map of 1765 (20). Horsburgh’s India Directory describes ’Ras Lima, in lat. 25” 55‘ N., lon. 56” 32’ E.’, as ’a narrow peninsula, with an islet near it, projecting about 21 / 2 miles nearly East from the town of Lima situated at the head of the bay, on the North side of the cape, where, it is said, wood and fresh water may be obtained’ (21). There can be little doubt that Ras Lima and Racolima are one and the same. » #869 Potts, D. T., The Gulf Coast of the United Arab Emirates in the Homem-Reinels Atlas of 1519, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 1996 7:119-23 ~ PP. 121-2 ※ SOURCE for Rancu, Racolima « This is the Raccobina of Van Keulen’s chart of 1753 (15), the Ras-ollima of Bonne’s Carte du Golphe Persique, published between 1760 and 1780 (16), and the Xns olima of Laurie and Whittle’s New Map of Arabin, published in 1794 (17). At first sight this might appear to resemble Ras al-Khaimah, albeit wrongly placed to the south of Sharjah and Julfar. Alternatively, one might suggest Ras Ellora (18), slightly northeast of Abu Dhabi, but this is a place of no importance. Perhaps more plausible is the suggestion that this toponym is a corruption of Lima, the name of a town on the east coast of Ruus a1 Jibal, and one which Ibn Mujawir noted as a stopping point in an itinerary which led from al- ’Aqr to Kalba, Khawr Fakkan, Lima and on to Julfar. This is clearly the opinion of Wilkinson, who notes that Lima ‘appears regularly on Portuguese maps’ (19). It is interesting to note that Lima is positioned much too far south, just above Khor Kalba, on Niebuhr’s map of 1765 (20). Horsburgh’s India Directory describes ’Ras Lima, in lat. 25” 55‘ N., lon. 56” 32’ E.’, as ’a narrow peninsula, with an islet near it, projecting about 21 / 2 miles nearly East from the town of Lima situated at the head of the bay, on the North side of the cape, where, it is said, wood and fresh water may be obtained’ (21). There can be little doubt that Ras Lima and Racolima are one and the same. » #869 Potts, D. T., The Gulf Coast of the United Arab Emirates in the Homem-Reinels Atlas of 1519, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 1996 7:119-23 ~ PP. 121-2 (map [507] Map of the Indian Ocean in "Atlas Miller", Pedro Reinal, Jorge Reinal, Antonio de Holanda, 1519, Bibliothèque Nationale de France Res. Ge. DD 683) (map [833] Chart of The Persian Gulf, Johannes (II) Van Keulen, 1753, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps sold) « Places on the Arab coast of the Persian Gulf Chagumban, casapo chagudim Rancu, Racolima (=lima?) [Portuguese name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Ra's al Ima « Ra's al Ima, about 1½ miles northeastward of Ra's Samut, is the eastern extremity of a narrow precipitous peninsula. About 700 yards eastward of this point is Jazirat al Imā, a precipitous islet, 285 feet high. In the channel between Ra's al Ima and this islet are depths of 20 fathoms, but a small detached rock lies close to the islet. The tidal currents through the channel are strong. Close seaward of the islet are depths of 30 fathoms. » #2824 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf Including the Gulf of Oman and the Northern Shore of the Arabian Sea as Far Eastward as Ras Muāri H.O. Pub . No. 62 ( Formerly No. 158), U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office, Washington, 1960 ~ p. 113 ※ SOURCE for Ras Limah « Jazirat Limah, an islet, lies off Ras Limah. Strong currents flow through the deep channel between the point and the islet. 13.3 Mountains in the area are reported to rise abruptly to great heights.#2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 275 « A uma ordem sua, todas as galés, que já haviam sido devidamente preve nidas, arriaram as velas e, navegando a remos, executaram uma guinada simultânea para EB (um «turn», como hoje diríamos), aproando à ponta Lima, que era aproximadamente a direcção donde vinha o vento. Com esta manobra as galés turcas afastaram-se rapidamente dos navios portu gueses, acabando pouco depois por ficar a barlavento de toda a nossa armada! Por mais que as caravelas e os galeões puxassem tudo para a orça, nenhum deles conseguiu chegar à ponta Lima antes de as galés a terem dobrado! » [At his order, all the galleys, which had already been properly forewarned, lowered their sails and, sailing by oars, made a simultaneous turn to EB (a «turn», as we would say today), heading to Lima point, which was approximately the direction from which the wind was coming. With this manoeuvre, the Turkish galleys quickly moved away from the Portuguese ships, ending up shortly after being on the windward side of our entire fleet! As much as the caravels and galleons pulled everything to the luff, none of them managed to reach Ponta Lima before the galleys had doubled it!] #2821 Monteiro, Armando da Silva Saturnino, Batalhas e combates da Marinha Portuguesa, 1992 ~ vol. 3 p. 167 ※ SOURCE for Ras-ollima « This is the Raccobina of Van Keulen’s chart of 1753 (15), the Ras-ollima of Bonne’s Carte du Golphe Persique, published between 1760 and 1780 (16), and the Xns olima of Laurie and Whittle’s New Map of Arabin, published in 1794 (17). At first sight this might appear to resemble Ras al-Khaimah, albeit wrongly placed to the south of Sharjah and Julfar. Alternatively, one might suggest Ras Ellora (18), slightly northeast of Abu Dhabi, but this is a place of no importance. Perhaps more plausible is the suggestion that this toponym is a corruption of Lima, the name of a town on the east coast of Ruus a1 Jibal, and one which Ibn Mujawir noted as a stopping point in an itinerary which led from al- ’Aqr to Kalba, Khawr Fakkan, Lima and on to Julfar. This is clearly the opinion of Wilkinson, who notes that Lima ‘appears regularly on Portuguese maps’ (19). It is interesting to note that Lima is positioned much too far south, just above Khor Kalba, on Niebuhr’s map of 1765 (20). Horsburgh’s India Directory describes ’Ras Lima, in lat. 25” 55‘ N., lon. 56” 32’ E.’, as ’a narrow peninsula, with an islet near it, projecting about 21 / 2 miles nearly East from the town of Lima situated at the head of the bay, on the North side of the cape, where, it is said, wood and fresh water may be obtained’ (21). There can be little doubt that Ras Lima and Racolima are one and the same. » #869 Potts, D. T., The Gulf Coast of the United Arab Emirates in the Homem-Reinels Atlas of 1519, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 1996 7:119-23 ~ PP. 121-2 ※ SOURCE for Rocoyma « A été confondu par erreur avec Ras-ul-Khayma sur la côte de l'Oman, à l ' intérieur du Golfe Persique. Il nous semble plus logique de l'identifier avec Ras Lima oar un village de ce nom existe encore et possède une excellent rade à environ 25º 52". » [Was mistakenly confused with Ras-ul-Khayma on the coast of Oman, inside the Persian Gulf. It seems more logical to us to identify it with Ras Lima where a village of this name still exists and has an excellent harbor at around 25º 52".] #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, Bruxelles, 1949 ~ p.12 fn.2 « Reçoyma stands for Rasu'l-Khaima on the Persian Gulf or Western side of the Musandam promontory. The name is given as Raçolhiman in the Spanish version, Racolmia in Ribero, Rachollima in Ramusio. Rasu'l-Khaima is, according to the Rev. G. P. Badger (Imams and Sayyids of 'Oman, p. 332, note), identical with Julfar, the former being the modern and the latter the ancient name, and on his map he shows them as the same place. The text, however, clearly shows that they were distinct when they became known to the Portuguese, though no doubt not far apart. [Roccalima in the Atlas of Abraham Ortelius, Antwerp, 1570, the Ras-el-Khyma of Captain Felix Jones's chart and other modern maps.] » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.74 fn.1 Ra's Madrakah 1 (MDK1) : arch. site OMN UTM: EG865026 converted to coordinate: lat 19.0141928200555 long 57.8219009279934 VARIANT names: Ra's Madrakah 1 (MDK1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Madrakah 1 (MDK1) « Rock shelter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's Madrakah 2 (MDK2) : arch. site OMN UTM: EG876017 converted to coordinate: lat 19.0060130184781 long 57.832311571096 VARIANT names: Ra's Madrakah 2 (MDK2) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Madrakah 2 (MDK2) « Cairns, Stone structures » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's Madrakah 3 (MDK3) : arch. site OMN UTM: EG879017 converted to coordinate: lat 19.0060001702416 long 57.8351617292005 VARIANT names: Ra's Madrakah 3 (MDK3) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Madrakah 3 (MDK3) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's Madrakah 4 (MDK4) : arch. site OMN UTM: EG879015 converted to coordinate: lat 19.0041928271132 long 57.8351527092089 VARIANT names: Ra's Madrakah 4 (MDK4) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Madrakah 4 (MDK4) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's Madrakah 7 (MDK7) : arch. site OMN UTM: EG886014 converted to coordinate: lat 19.0032590100545 long 57.8417984518549 VARIANT names: Ra's Madrakah 7 (MDK7) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Madrakah 7 (MDK7) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's Madrakah 8 (MDK8) : arch. site OMN UTM: EF846981 converted to coordinate: lat 18.9736065993668 long 57.8036537492172 VARIANT names: Ra's Madrakah 8 (MDK8) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Madrakah 8 (MDK8) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's Madrakah 9 (MDK9) : arch. site OMN UTM: EF828978 converted to coordinate: lat 18.9709689397 long 57.786543220822 VARIANT names: Ra's Madrakah 9 (MDK9) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Madrakah 9 (MDK9) « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ras Malan : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: HDLD UFI: -2768137 coordinate: lat 25.3161111 long 65.2208333 NIMA/GNS names: Ras Malan , VARIANT names: Malana , Malana Promontory , Ras Malan , ※ SOURCE for Malana #972 Indica 25.1 ※ SOURCE for Malana Promontory #846 ed. Talbert, Richard, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, 2 vols. + cd, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, p. 5 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 17.92169 long 56.10889 VARIANT names: Ra's Manji , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Manji « Ra's Manji » in {map#904 1:500,000 - World Series 1404, Great Britain. War Office and Air Ministry, 1958, Salala 670-d} Ra's Markaz : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -787951 coordinate: lat 19.169412 long 57.792521 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Markaz , رأس مركز , VARIANT names: Ra's Markaz , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Markaz On the thirteenth, at six in the morning, we again put to sea. About noon, after we had doubled Capes Markass and Kiwipet, a whispered consultation took place between the nacoda and roubban, which resulted in an addition to our rig of a standing jib, for the purpose of getting more way upon our bark. #2690 Co. Louis Du Couret, Life in the Desert or, Recollections of Travel in Asia and Africa, Mason Brothers, New York, 1860 ~ p. 438 Ra's Mirbat : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788056 coordinate: lat 16.979404 long 54.682539 NIMA/GNS names: Ras Marbat , Ras Merbat , Ra's Mirbat , Ras Murbat , رأس مرباط , VARIANT names: pta de murobate , Ra's Mirbat , ※ SOURCE for pta de murobate « pta furada, cuiane, caixem, c. de fartaq, curafate, oguobo, Camagas (?), dofar, pta de murobate, murobate (?), pta de curiamuria, I. de curia muria, as duas pontas, praçel, C. de matraca, emseada das baxas, I. de maceida, emseada de s.pº, os palheiros, C. Rasalgate » #1118 Cortesão, Armando F. and Teixeira Da Mota, Avelino, Portugaliae Monumenta Cartographica, Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda, Lisboa, 1960: 1987 ~ vol. 2 p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Ra's Mirbat « 32. The harbor called Moscha.—This is identified with Khor Reiri (17° 2' N., 54° 26' E. ), a protected inlet (now closed at low tide by a sand-bar) ; into which empties the Wadi Dirbat. It is a couple of miles east of the modern tpwn of Taka, in the eastern part of the plain of Dhofar, a fertile strip of some 50 miles along the coast between Ras Risut and Ras Mirbat, surrounded by the Gara Mountains. » #487 W. H. Schoff, The Periplus of the Erythræan Sea ... Translated from the Greek and annotated by W. H. Schoff, Longmans Green and Co:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, London:New Delhi, 1912:1995 ~ p. 140 Ra's Mukhaylif : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: 153549 coordinate: lat 26.37224 long 56.41191 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Mikhaylif , Ra's Mukhaylif , رأس مخيليف , VARIANT names: Puncto Mogaleff , Ra's Mukhaylif , ※ SOURCE for Puncto Mogaleff From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « Almost right between Cobalje and Puncto Mogaleff the island Ilje de Gaselle (12) is situated at a ¼ mile off the coast. The depth between this /island/ and the coast is 19, 15, 11½, 9½, 10½, 12, 15, 14, and 19 fathoms mostly good sand ground, although it is now and then too rocky (3). At a distance of a cannon's shot out off the island the sea has a depth of 48, 60, 50 and 65 fathoms /over/ murky ground. (3369) From Puncto de Mogaleff till the Western corner of the bay of Comzaar (14) the course is E. S. E. for 1¾ miles and the depth 53, 70, 75 to 65 fathoms /over/ murky ground. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 299 ※ SOURCE for Ra's Mukhaylif « Two distinct peaks mark Ras Mukhaylif (Ras Mukhalif) (26°22'N., 56°25'E.). Jazirat Abu Sir, about 0.5 mile N of the headland, is a cliffy islet marked by a high peaked hill. A precipitous above-water rock lies in the strait between rock and the TSS. At night, caution is necessary as some vessels may not show lights. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ pp. 275-6 Ra's Muqayshit : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -783724 coordinate: lat 24.167778 long 53.623602 NIMA/GNS names: Mughhaishat , Ra's al Ibrah , Ra's Muqayshit , VARIANT names: Ras Miqaishit , Ra's Muqayshit , ※ SOURCE for Ras Miqaishit « Miqaishit. مقیشط [name] | The western part of the island of Salali. [nature] | See article Salali. The western tip of Miqaishit is called Ras Miqaishit.[remarks] » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 421 Ra's Musandam : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: HDLD UFI: -788183 coordinate: lat 26.38698 long 56.52688 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Masandam , Ra's Masandim , Ra's Musandam , رأس مسندم , VARIANT names: Asaborum Promontorium , C, de Moçado , C. de Maçide , C. Mosandão , Cabo de Muçandão , cabo Mussandão , Cape Maketa , Capo de Moçandano. , Maceta Pr. , Naumachaeorum Promuntuium , Ra's Masandam , Ras Moosendom , Ra's Musandam , Tu-li Ma-hsin-fu , ※ SOURCE for Asaborum Promontorium « Ptolemy's Macæ a tribe adjoining the Asaborum Promontorium » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 vol. 2 p. 225 « Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 26.3844078, 56.5253544 » D.T. Potts, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Maketa/Asabon Pr.: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2017 online reference link [accessed 10 Mar 2023] ※ SOURCE for C, de Moçado #974 p. 58 Map L'Arabie Petree, Deseerte, et Hevrevse by Mariette for N. Samson 1652 refers to Destr. De Moçādon and C, de Moçādo ※ SOURCE for C. de Maçide « Arab coast of the Persian Gulf C. de Maçide [Portuguese name] Ra's Musandam [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for C. Mosandão « He sailed along the coast of Arabia as far as Cape Mosandão [Ras Musandam], whence he steered for Ormuz » #230 Boxer, C. R., Commentaries of Ruy Freyre de Andrada, The Broadway Travellers, George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1930 ~ ※ SOURCE for Cabo de Muçandão « Neste cabo começa o reino de Ormuz, e dêle té o outro Cabo de Muçandão (10) haverá oitenta e sete léguas de costa, em que jazem êstes lugares do mesmo reino: Calaiate, Curiate,… (10) Também se lhe chama Moçandano. » [On this cape the kingdom of Ormuz begins, and from there to the other Cape of Muçandão (10) there will be eighty-seven leagues of coast, in which these places of the same kingdom lie: Calaiate, Curiate,… (10) It is also called Moçandano.] #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ vol. 1 p353 ※ SOURCE for cabo Mussandão « Não tendo possibilidade de penetrar nele com os navios de alto bordo, ordenou que dois ou três catures ficas sem a vigiar a sua boca, voltando para o cabo Mussandão, onde se conservou enquanto prevaleceram os ventos de oeste. » [Not having the possibility of penetrating it with the high-board ships, he ordered two or three catures to remain without guarding its mouth, returning to Cape Mussandão, where it remained as long as the westerly winds prevailed.] #2821 Monteiro, Armando da Silva Saturnino, Batalhas e combates da Marinha Portuguesa, 1992 ~ vol. 3 p. 161 ※ SOURCE for Cape Maketa « Before entering Persian Gulf proper, the Macedonians see on the op-posite coast of the sea a long headland. This is known to the source as Cape Maketa, identified with Ra's Musandam in Oman, and the text reports that from this area the Assyrians imported cinnamon and other spices (XXXII, 7): this trade was most likely carried out by sea. » #3444 Callieri, Pierfrancesco, Maritime and Overland Routes around the Persian Gulf in the Achaemenid Period in Monumentum Gregorianum. Sbornik nauchnyx statej pamjati akademika Grigorija Maksimovicha Bongard-Levina, 2013 ~ p. 131 ※ SOURCE for Capo de Moçandano. « Neste cabo começa o reino de Ormuz, e dêle té o outro Cabo de Muçandão (10) haverá oitenta e sete léguas de costa, em que jazem êstes lugares do mesmo reino: Calaiate, Curiate, fn(10) Também se lhe chama Moçandano. » [On this cape the kingdom of Ormuz begins, and from there to the other Cape of Muçandão (10) there will be eighty-seven leagues of coast, in which these places of the same kingdom lie: Calaiate, Curiate, fn(10) It is also called Moçandano.] » #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ vol. 1 p353 ※ SOURCE for Maceta Pr. Ma'ceta; Nearchus Peripl. P. 22; Harmozon in Carmania, Stab. xv. p. 726, xvi. p. 765; Ptolemy vi. 7. § 12 « He was informed by those who understood the situation of the country, that this promontory or cape belonged to Arabia, and was called Maceta; it is now known by the name of Rás Musledom. [n. Or Musendom. Probably it should be here spelt Museldom. N and L are permtuable letters; and Niebuhr places the emphasis on the second syllable. - E.] It is high and mountainous, and juts out a long way into the ocean. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 272 « Macae = Mykoi » « inset | Maketa/Asabon Pr. |HR|Ras Musandam OMN | SPrenger 1875.143; Potts 1990, 301; Gromm 1994, 203 » « inset | Mykoi/Macae| HR | OMN / UAE | Potts 1985, 81-85; 1990, 14, 300-301, 323 » #846 ed. Talbert, Richard, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 p. 1347 ※ SOURCE for Naumachaeorum Promuntuium « It is needless to prove, what it is sufficient to state, that Pliny's Naumachæorum Promontorium', opposite Carmania, (evidently so named, although the name has passed unnoticed by all his ancestors, from the ferocious races of pirates, who have always infested the narrow entrance of the Persian Gulf,) is Cape Mussendom, the Portuguese corruption of the classical name. The breadth of the strait, (fifty Roman miles), is exaggerated; for it is barely thirty miles across. Cape Mussendom, again, is Ptolemy's Asaborum Promontorium; and his Macæ, a tribe adjoining it, a palpable contraction of the Naumachæi of Pliny. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Darf Punlishers Limited, London, 1846 vol. 2 pp. 224-5 « Accordingly, it is obvious that the “Naumachaeorum promontorium” of Pliny (6.32) is the same as the present Cape Musseldom, where Strabo located the Macae (Smith, 1854, n.p.). » #2626 Heba M . I . M . Enein, Makoraba, Mochorba and Maka Revisited: A Geo-Linguistic Perspective, 2022 ~ p.31 ※ SOURCE for Ra's Masandam NIMA variation ※ SOURCE for Ras Moosendom Map created in 1832. It was written in English and Arabic.#2587 Original surveys by Lieutenants John Michael Guy, George Barnes Brucks, Robert Cogan, William Eales Rogers and Stafford Bettesworth Haines, 1821-29, 'Chart of The Gulf of Persia.' IOR/X/3635/35/1-2, James Horsburgh, Hydrographer to the Honourable East India Company, 1832 ~ ※ SOURCE for Ra's Musandam NIMA variation ※ SOURCE for Tu-li Ma-hsin-fu « At Calicut began the last stage of the journey to Hu-lu-mo-ssu (Hormuz); … and then, steering west-by-north and sighting the hills of Kathiawar, make straight for Tu-li Ma-hsin-tang (Ras Masandam, 26' 23' N, 56' 32' E), whence it was a short run due north to Hormuz (27' 03' N, 56' 27' E), the terminus of the voyage, reached on 17 January 1433 654 都里馬 [read tang for fu; Tell Masandam]. 新富 Ras Masandam, 26° 23' N, on Jazirat Masandam, off the east coast of Arabia. [f. 21] » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 1 p. 223 Ras Naband : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CAPE UFI: -3076730 coordinate: lat 27.391179 long 52.577691 NIMA/GNS names: Cape Naband , Damagheh-ye Nay Band , Ras Naband , Ra's-e Naband , Ra's-e Nay Band , دماغه نای بند , رءس نابند , رءس نای بند , راس نابند , VARIANT names: Cabo de Nabam , Nabao , Nabon , Point of Vedican , promunturium THEMISTEAS , Ras Naband , ※ SOURCE for Cabo de Nabam « Die folgende Fahrt von 400 Stadien oder 25 Miles ging geraden Weges entlang der reinen Steilküste des Dahr- Asbân (oder Tarf-'Osfan) bis Râs Nâband 27° 23' 6" N. 52° 35' 15" O., Cabo de Nabam, wo Perlen geringer Qualität aus der Tiefe erholt werden, vielleicht des Plinius (§ 110) promunturium THEMISTEAS, in die 4 Miles breite, 6 Miles tiefe enseada de Nabam, welche ihren Namen von der Veste Nâband, portug. Nabam od. Nabão, erhält, [The following journey of 400 stadia or 25 miles was straight along the pure cliffs of the Dahr-Asbân (or Tarf-'Osfan) to Râs Nâband 27° 23' 6" N. 52° 35' 15" E., Cabo de Nabam , where pearls of poor quality are recovered from the depths, perhaps of Pliny's (§ 110) promunturium THEMISTEAS, into the 4 mile wide, 6 mile deep enseada de Nabam, which takes its name from the Veste Nâband, Portuguese Nabam or Nabão ,] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 56 ※ SOURCE for Nabao «Les petits havres qui desservaient le Sibküh, dont Ibn Màgid a consigné les noms, n’étaient pas, dans la première moitié du XVIe siècle, assez importants pour que Joao de Barros les cite dans sa description du Golfe Persique: « S’étend le long (de la côte) l’île de Queixome (Qishm), qui a de longueur vingt lieues, dans laquelle il y a quelques localités (Zugares) peu notables, car elle est très malsaine. De la fin de cette île jusqu’au cap appelé Nabao (Nàband), qui sera une distance de trente-six lieues, [The small harbours that served the Sibküh, whose names Ibn Màgid recorded, were not, in the first half of the 16th century, large enough for Joao de Barros to mention them in his description of the Persian Gulf: "Lengthening along (the coast) is the island of Queixome (Qishm), which is twenty leagues long, in which there are some localities (Zugares) of little note, because it is very unhealthy. From the end of this island to the cape called Nabao (Nàband), which will be a distance of thirty-six leagues,] » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 101 « Nabao » in {map#884 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 5V., Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see PMC vol. 2 EST 216 and AHduGP map 31 ※ SOURCE for Nabon « Upon departing from Nabon, the fleet proceeded upwards of thirty-seven miles to Gôgana, a distance which answers within a mile to the position of the modern Konkûn or Congoon, re-marked by M'Cluer for a high ground over it called Barn-hill from its appearance, and as being the northernmost town in the bay", which curves to Verdistan. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p384 ※ SOURCE for Point of Vedican « Along this coast we sailed for thirty-five days, with much toil and trouble. Our provision began to fail; nor could we renew it there, for all that shore is disturbed by the wanton ravages of the Portuguese fustas,(2) which commonly cruize there. When we had got to Chilao near Verdostam, a place in a sound between Point Vedican and the shoals of Kane,(3) the head wind increased and continued. So, perforce, having lost an anchor and cable, and very nearly run on the shore,(1) which was close aboard, the captain gave orders to bear away for Harmuz, and in four days we ran eighty leagues; that we had gained, with much toil, in five-and-thirty. fn. 2 Small armed vessels, Anglice, “foists.” fn. 3 Chilao is probably Shilu, “four miles to the westward of Tahiri” (Persian Gulf Pilot, p. 255). Bardistan is not far away, and is on all recent maps and charts. The Point of Vedican is Ras Naband, sheltering Bandar Baid Khan; and the shoals of Kane are certainly those of Ras-al-Mutaf, near whose northern end is Ras-al-Khan – not that this name matters much in their identification, which depends on position. fn. 1 The fourth use of "dar al travez" for "to run ashore," in the Viage. » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ ※ SOURCE for promunturium THEMISTEAS « Die folgende Fahrt von 400 Stadien oder 25 Miles ging geraden Weges entlang der reinen Steilküste des Dahr- Asbân (oder Tarf-'Osfan) bis Râs Nâband 27° 23' 6" N. 52° 35' 15" O., Cabo de Nabam, wo Perlen geringer Qualität aus der Tiefe erholt werden, vielleicht des Plinius (§ 110) promunturium THEMISTEAS, in die 4 Miles breite, 6 Miles tiefe enseada de Nabam, welche ihren Namen von der Veste Nâband, portug. Nabam od. Nabão, erhält, [The following journey of 400 stadia or 25 miles was straight along the pure cliffs of the Dahr-Asbân (or Tarf-'Osfan) to Râs Nâband 27° 23' 6" N. 52° 35' 15" E., Cabo de Nabam , where pearls of poor quality are recovered from the depths, perhaps of Pliny's (§ 110) promunturium THEMISTEAS, into the 4 mile wide, 6 mile deep enseada de Nabam, which takes its name from the Veste Nâband, Portuguese Nabam or Nabão ,] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 56 ※ SOURCE for Ras Naband « Along this coast we sailed for thirty-five days, with much toil and trouble. Our provision began to fail; nor could we renew it there, for all that shore is disturbed by the wanton ravages of the Portuguese fustas,(2) which commonly cruize there. When we had got to Chilao near Verdostam, a place in a sound between Point Vedican and the shoals of Kane,(3) the head wind increased and continued. So, perforce, having lost an anchor and cable, and very nearly run on the shore,(1) which was close aboard, the captain gave orders to bear away for Harmuz, and in four days we ran eighty leagues; that we had gained, with much toil, in five-and-thirty. fn. 2 Small armed vessels, Anglice, “foists.” fn. 3 Chilao is probably Shilu, “four miles to the westward of Tahiri” (Persian Gulf Pilot, p. 255). Bardistan is not far away, and is on all recent maps and charts. The Point of Vedican is Ras Naband, sheltering Bandar Baid Khan; and the shoals of Kane are certainly those of Ras-al-Mutaf, near whose northern end is Ras-al-Khan – not that this name matters much in their identification, which depends on position. fn. 1 The fourth use of "dar al travez" for "to run ashore," in the Viage. » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ pp. 22-3 #1839 Morgan, Jacques de, Mission scientifique en Perse Tome Second Études Géographiques, Ernest Leroux, Paris, 1895 vol. 2: ~ Fig. 141. Raz Naband p. 298 Ras Nuh : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -2770689 coordinate: lat 25.1 long 62.3833333 NIMA/GNS names: Ras Nuh , VARIANT names: Ras Nó , Ras Nuh , ※ SOURCE for Ras Nó « Nearchus anchored in this bay, which he calls Mosarna, and describes it as a safe haven, where many vessels might lie in perfect security “ Here,” he says also, “dwelt many fisherman in a village not far distant from the beach;” and he gives an accurate description of the point of land called Rás Nó, which forms the southern extremity of the bay, calling it "a certain high rocky promontory reaching 150 stadia into the sea.” Two very remarkable high hills are on the right on entering this bay; they are called Jebel Z’her and Jebel Moodee, have a whitish appearance, and can be seen at a great distance; they are thus very good land-marks for entering the harbour. Jebel Moodie cannot be mistaken when once seen; – it rises very abruptly from the centre, ending in a conical peak like a sugar-loaf, and is the most northern of the two, and higher than Jebel Z'her. We anchored in this bay in five and a half fathoms soft mud, about two miles from the town The bearings were, square tower of the town, N. 85º 30' W.; Rás Nó, S. 1º E.; Jebel Z'her N. 43º E.; Jebel Moodee, N. 22º 30' E.» #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, pp. 268-9 ※ SOURCE for Ras Nuh Ras Nuh appears at the east end of the anvil shaped headland. #276 Times Atlas of the World, Times Books, London, 1986, pl. 32 Ras Nus : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788272 coordinate: lat 17.24272 long 55.262983 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Naws , Ra's Naws , Ras Nus , Ra's Nuss , رأس نوس , VARIANT names: Ras Nus , terra alta de nôz , ※ SOURCE for Ras Nus « The belt of low land from Merbat to Ras Nus, a distance of 36 miles, is named Sellha. The whole is extremely desolate, there being no sign of vegetation to be seen, yet antelopes and hares manage to pick up a subsistence in the hollows of the watercourses. Near Ras Nus is a ravine, with some date trees, through which runs a stream, after heavy rains. » #2345 William James Lloyd Wharton, John Phillips, The Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Pilot: Containing Descriptions of the Suez Canal, the Gulfs of Suez, Printed for the Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, by Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1900 ~ ed. 3 1887 p. 127 ※ SOURCE for terra alta de nôz « and at 73° P.S. in the Minhaj he has Jabal Nus where the eastern end of the Samhän range reaches the sea. The latter is the Portuguese terra alta de nôz.(87). fn. 87 This phrase only occurs in the Portuguese maps given in Tomaschek: Die topographischen Capitel, Tafel xii. » #370 Tibbetts, G. R., Arab Navigation in the Indian Ocean before the coming of the Portuguese, The Royal Asiatic Society, Luzac and Co., London, 1971 ~ p. 442 Ras Qarwas : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788375 coordinate: lat 17.925389 long 56.355257 NIMA/GNS names: Ras Qarwao , Ras Qarwas , Ra's Qarwaw , Ra's Qarwaw , رأس قرواو , VARIANT names: Cape Chansely , Capes Garwan , Ra's ash Sharbatat , Ras Garwow , Ras Qarwas , Ras Sharbitat , Ras Sherbedat , ※ SOURCE for Cape Chansely « CAPE CHANSELY, in lat. 18° 2' N. , lon . about 56° 30' E. bears nearly N. by E. from the Island Deriabi, distant about 10 or 11 leagues , the soundings between them from 30 to 40 fathoms. The land about this Cape is white and level, like the North Foreland ,destitute of any distinguishing marks ; but Cape Marcia, about 5 or 6 leagues farther eastward, is a low projecting headland, from whence the coast turns sharp round to the northward, and forms an extensive bay. Between these Capes, the depths are 29 and 30 fathoms 4 or 5 miles from the shore, generally regular soundings; but farther out, with Cape Marcia N. N. W. about 4 leagues, and Cape Chansely W.½ N., there are 20 fathoms rocky bottom. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies#2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817 ~ vol. 1 ed. 2 p. 239 ※ SOURCE for Capes Garwan ON the twelfth of October, the wind still favoring us, we doubled Capes Garwân and Sangra — the latter of which forms the extreme point of Hadramaut, where Oman proper commences. This portion of the Indian Ocean is called by the Arabs Birket-Sangra-the pond of Sangra. Here the mountains descend abruptly to the plain, revealing a tract of sterile country much broken up by the action of water. #2690 Co. Louis Du Couret, Life in the Desert or, Recollections of Travel in Asia and Africa, Mason Brothers, New York, 1860 ~ p.437 ※ SOURCE for Ra's ash Sharbatat in {map#904 1:500,000 - World Series 1404, Great Britain. War Office and Air Ministry, 1958, salala-670-d } ※ SOURCE for Ras Garwow « Cape Saugra: N.E. extreme, 18° 09' N., 56° 35' E.; S.E. extreme, 18° 06.7' N., 56° 35' E. We steered W.S.W. about four leagues, tben South about four more, in from eigbt to ten fathoms, when, in lat. 18° 30', we made Cape Saugra, bearing S.W. We then steered S.W.b.S., our soundings varying from eight to eleven fathoms, until sunset, when we again anchoren, in nine fathoms, with Cape Saugra bearing S.W.¼S., four leagues. Our anchorage was in 18° 18.5' N. ln the forenoon of tbe 9th of January, 1824, we steered to pass a league outside of Cape Saugra, South; where we had twenty-five fathoms. From our anchorage, tbe soundings varied from eight to eleven fathoms, untiI Cape Saugra, North, bore about W.S.W., when we deepened regularly to twenty-five fathoms, as before said. We then steered S.W., by compass, to pass about a league outside of Ras Garwow, or the Cape Chansely of Horsburgh, and deepened quickly to sixty fathoms in a distance of about seven miles; after which we had no bottom at the sarne depth until within a league of Garwow, due East of it, where we found twenty-seven fathoms. » #2710 Capt. W. F. W. Owen, The Coast of Arabla Felix, — from the Journal of Capt. W. F. W. Owen, of H.M.S. "Leven.", in: , The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle, Simpkin, Marshall and Co., , no. 26 1857, pp. 180-191 ~ p. 188 ※ SOURCE for Ras Qarwas « Cape Saugra: N.E. extreme, 18° 09' N., 56° 35' E.; S.E. extreme, 18° 06.7' N., 56° 35' E. We steered W.S.W. about four leagues, tben South about four more, in from eigbt to ten fathoms, when, in lat. 18° 30', we made Cape Saugra, bearing S.W. We then steered S.W.b.S., our soundings varying from eight to eleven fathoms, until sunset, when we again anchoren, in nine fathoms, with Cape Saugra bearing S.W.¼S., four leagues. Our anchorage was in 18° 18.5' N. ln the forenoon of tbe 9th of January, 1824, we steered to pass a league outside of Cape Saugra, South; where we had twenty-five fathoms. From our anchorage, tbe soundings varied from eight to eleven fathoms, untiI Cape Saugra, North, bore about W.S.W., when we deepened regularly to twenty-five fathoms, as before said. We then steered S.W., by compass, to pass about a league outside of Ras Garwow, or the Cape Chansely of Horsburgh, and deepened quickly to sixty fathoms in a distance of about seven miles; after which we had no bottom at the sarne depth until within a league of Garwow, due East of it, where we found twenty-seven fathoms. » #2710 Capt. W. F. W. Owen, The Coast of Arabla Felix, — from the Journal of Capt. W. F. W. Owen, of H.M.S. "Leven.", in: , The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle, Simpkin, Marshall and Co., , no. 26 1857, pp. 180-191 ~ p. 188 ※ SOURCE for Ras Sharbitat « KHORYA MORYA (Kuriya Muriya) BAY is the extensive bight in the coast, lying between Ras Nus and Ras Sharbitat, a distance of 70 miles, and having on the outer edge of the bank of soundings, the five Khorya Morya islands, the largest four of which lie in a nearly east and west direction. The depths in the bay are fairly regular, varying from 20 to 40 fathoms, decreasing towards the shore and islands, with a bottom of sand, coral, and shells; but occasionally rocky near the islands, and Ras Sharbitat. The shore of the bay presents a succession of lime- stone cliffs and sandy beach. There are no villages; the few inhabitants live in excavations of the rocks, and subsist entirely on fish. » #2345 William James Lloyd Wharton, John Phillips, The Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Pilot: Containing Descriptions of the Suez Canal, the Gulfs of Suez, Printed for the Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, by Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1900 ~ ed. 3 1887 pp. 128-9 '' ※ SOURCE for Ras Sherbedat « Ras Sherbedat » shown in {map#855 Africa, Sheet VI from the Juba Islands to Maskat with the Entrance to the Red Sea [1r] (1/2), Captain William Fitzwilliam Owen, Admiralty, 1877, British Library IOR/X/3828/598} Ra's Sagallah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788633 coordinate: lat 21.513561 long 59.382161 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's as Saqlah , Ras Sagala , Ras Sagalla , Ra's Sagallah , رأس الصقلة , VARIANT names: Ra's Sagallah , Ra's Saqqalqah , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Saqqalqah the site « Ra's Saqqalqah » iin the (map [863] A map showing the Arabian Sea coast from Ras al-Hadd to Bar al-Hikman., Hélène David, 2012, #2647 Vincent Charpentier, Jean-François Berger, Rémy Crassard, Marc Lacaze and Gourguen Davtian, Prehistory and palaeo-geography of the coastal fringes of the Wahiba Sands and Bar al-Hikman, Sultanate of Oman, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2012 vol. 42:pp. 57-78 ~) Ras Sajar : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788657 coordinate: lat 16.749167 long 53.585893 NIMA/GNS names: Ras Sajar , Ra's Sajir , Ra's Sajir , رأس ساجر , رأس سجر , VARIANT names: Ras Sair , Ras Sajar , Ra's Sajir , Ras Seger , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Ras Sajar FOR Didymi montes [Sprenger], ※ SOURCE for Ras Sair « Ras Sair » in {map#854 Chart Intended as an Accompaniment to the Book of Directions for Navigating to, from, and in the East Indies. Engraved by John Bateman, Admiralty, 1830, British Library IOR/X/3630/14} ※ SOURCE for Ra's Sajir « Ra's Sajir » in {map#904 1:500,000 - World Series 1404, Great Britain. War Office and Air Ministry, 1958, al-ghaydah-669-c} ※ SOURCE for Ras Seger « Ras Seger » in {map#945 Survey of Part of the South East Coast of Arabia, Haines, Stafford Bettesworth, 1845, Royal Geographical Society} « Ras Seger, a high, steep and slightly-projecting cape, forms the east point of the deep bay of Fartik. It consists of limestone, and is about 3000 feet high, with level table-land on the summit. This cape forms the boundarj between the Gharrah and Mahrah tribes. The next point to RBs Seger is RQs el Ahrnar » #16 Haines, Stafford B., Memoir of the south-east coasts of Arabia. Part II, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1845 15:104-60 ~ p. 116 Ras Samhar : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788705 coordinate: lat 17.300318 long 55.263755 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Samhan , Ras Samhar , VARIANT names: C. Ambez , Camagas , Camgez , caniger , Ras Samhar , ※ SOURCE for C. Ambez « C. Ambez (Camagas), Camgez [Portuguese name] R. Samhar? [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p.99 « xer, fataca, diufar, marbato, ambez, azequy, ylhas de cariamuria » See also note « atlas miller 52 PMC1, pp. 55-61; AHGP, n. 10. » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p.67 {map#823 “Atlas Miller", [Feuille 3 r° : Océan Indien Nord avec l'Arabie et l'Inde], Lopo Homem, 1519, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Paris, Res. Ge. DD 683} see PMC vol. 1 EST 19 ※ SOURCE for Camagas « C. Ambez (Camagas), Camgez [Portuguese name] R. Samhar? [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p.99 « Bartolomeu Velho, atlante, carta della penisola arabica; San Marino (California), Huntington Library, HM 44, f. 7r; » « caixem, c. de fartaq/ue, curafate, oguobo / ogobo, Camagas?, dofar, p[on]ta de murobate, murobate?, p[on]ta de curiamuria, J. de curia muria, as duas pontas, praçel, c. de maraca, emseada das baxas, » See also note « 80 PMC2, pp. 89-92; Biedermann, p. 129; AHGP, n. 26. » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p.78 « pta furada, cuiane, caixem, c. de fartaq, curafate, oguobo, Camagas (?), dofar, pta de murobate, murobate (?), pta de curiamuria, I. de curia muria, as duas pontas, praçel, C. de matraca, emseada das baxas, I. de maceida, emseada de s.pº, os palheiros, C. Rasalgate » #1118 Cortesão, Armando F. and Teixeira Da Mota, Avelino, Portugaliae Monumenta Cartographica, Imprensa Nacional-Casa da Moeda, Lisboa, 1960: 1987 ~ vol. 2 p. 100 ※ SOURCE for Camgez « C. Ambez (Camagas), Camgez [Portuguese name] R. Samhar? [Modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p.99 ※ SOURCE for caniger « xarma, cirique, caxem, c. fartaque, callufate, oguobo, caniger, doffar » {map#834 Eastern Africa, Arabia, and India, Fernão Vaz Dourado, 1550-1575, The Huntington Library HM41 fol11} see PMC vol. 3 EST 269 « Vaz Dourado è particolarmente evidente nell’atlante di San Marino,89 » « xaell, p. furada, xarma, cirique, caxem, c. fartaque, callufate, oguobo, caniger, doffar, murubate, p. de curiamuria, J. de curiamuria, as duas po[n]tas, c. de matraqua, emseada de s.a p.o, » See also note « 89 PMC3, pp. 13-16; Biedermann, p. 129; AHGP, n. 34 » #2741 ed. Giovanni Pedrini, Imago Orientis Venezia e gli Orienti geografi e dell’Asia, Grafiche Leoni, 2020 ~ p.80 Ra's Samut : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788709 coordinate: lat 25.922919 long 56.443432 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Samut , Ra's Sannut , Ra's Sanut , رأس سنوت , VARIANT names: Ras Sammoote , Ra's Samut , Ras Summootee , ※ SOURCE for Ras Sammoote « Ras Sammoote » in {map#983 Entrance to the Persian Gulf, Guy, Brucks, Haines and Grieve, 1872, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/753, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Ras Summootee « Ras Summootee is the north point forming the Bay of Lima Khodima. It is in lat. 25° 54' 37" N., long. 56° 30' 36" E.; soundings near it twenty-seven to twenty-three fathoms. Within this, at the bottom of the bay, is Lima Khodima, at which place there is a little flat land, and a few date trees. The contrast from all the high and black rock before you come to it, and after leaving it, makes it appear a little Paradise in this rocky wilderness. In the bay are soundings twenty to eight fathoms, and rather better ground than in the other places. The bay is two and a, quarter miles deep, and about a mite to a mile and a half wide. Above this is a high, remarkable, peaked hill, usually called Lima Peak. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 521 Ra's Sarkan : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: CAPE UFI: -788727 coordinate: lat 26.084722 long 56.470556 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Sarkan , VARIANT names: Corscan , Hook of Corsecaan , Ra's Sarkan , ※ SOURCE for Corscan The location of « Corscan » cannot be confirmed but is likely to be a corruption of Sarkin. « Pta Marraʃye » is shown in {map#995 Charts of the Gulf of Oman and Strait of Hormuz [?4r], Anonymous, 19th c, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/414, in Qatar Digital Library} at Ra’s Dillah above « Corʃocaan » and « Cabel » with « Gorʃocaan » much lower down in the chart, correctly located between « Lebdia » and « Calba » . The only instance of Corscan mentioned in text that I can find is in « Twelve leagues further on is another place they call Madeha; it is a small place, of few inhabitants, inside the mouth of the Sea of Persia, thirty leagues to the south-west.(l) Further on, there is a large place of many inhabitants called Corfasan,(2) around which and the other neighbouring places are many very agreeable country houses belonging to the chief men and most honoured of the Moors of Ormuz, who come during certain months of the year there to repose, and to collect their provisions, and enjoy their fruit. Fifteen leagues further on there is another place on the coast, called Dadena. » fn. 2 In the German Atlas Corscan, there is also another place there inland a long way off called Orfacan, both these seem to be corruptions of the name in the text Khor Fakan. #2616 Duarte Barbosa, A Description of the Coasts of East Africa And Malabar in the beginning of the sixteenth century , by Duarte Barbosa, A Portuguese . Translated from an early Spanish Manuscript in the Barcelona Library with Notes and a Preface byThe Hon. Henry E. J. Stanley, printed for the Hakluyt Society, London, 1866 ~ p. 34. I have been unable to locate the “German Atlas” Stanley refers to as the atlases examined spell Orfacan with beginning with C or K. I believe that Corscan is more likely to be a corruption of Ra’s Sarkin as with the Dutch « Corsecaan » . There are also a number of maps that include both corscan and Orfacan: « Corscan » in {map#917 The empire of the great Turke in Europe, Asia and Africa, William Berry, 1685, National Library of Israel sys. No. 990026261540205171} see AHduGP map 89 « Corscan » in {map#974 Imperium Turcicum in Europa, Asia et Africa, Regiones Proprias, Tributarias, Clientelaresq sicut et omnes ejusdem Beglirbegatus Seu Præfecturas Generales exhibens,, Johann Baptist Homann, 1720, Götzfried Antique Maps, Reference 11708} see AHduGP map 95 « Corscā » in {map#916 Carte Des Trois Arabies Tiree en Partie de l'Arabe de Nubie, en partie de divers autres Autheurs, Pierre Mariette - Nicolas Sanson, 1654, Barry Lawrence Ruderman stock# 42390} see AHduGP map 61 ※ SOURCE for Hook of Corsecaan From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « From Puncto Marrazie till the Hook of Corsecaan (26) the course is S. to the west for 2 miles. One has depths of 40, 42, 45 to 48 fathoms /over/ sand ground. fn. 26 Here probably Ghubbat Shabus is meant or Ras Sarkim. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 301 Ra's Sharaytah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788833 coordinate: lat 26.38855 long 56.37869 NIMA/GNS names: Ras Sharaita , Ra's Sharati , Ra's Sharaytah , Ras Sharita , Ra's Sharitah , Ra's Shuraytah , رأس شراتي , VARIANT names: Ra's Sharaytah , Ra's Shaykh Masud : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: HDLD UFI: -788862 coordinate: lat 26.248858 long 56.212986 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's ash Shaykh Mas`ud , Ras Shaikh Mas`ud , Ras Shaikh Mas'ud , Ra's Shaykh Mas`ud , Ras Sheikh Masud , رأس الشيخ مسعود , VARIANT names: Hiera Helion Promontory , Puncto de Doggeby , Ra's Shaykh Masud , Sacrum Sun Promontory , ※ SOURCE for Hiera Helion Promontory #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ p. 1347 ref. Forbiger 1844, 737; Groom 1994, 200 ※ SOURCE for Puncto de Doggeby From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « It is situated at 26 degrees and 9 minutes Northern latitude between puncto de (7) and a river Ciebij (8), which puncto and river are situated at about 2½ miles distance from each other (3368). fn. 7 The copyist has dropped a word here, viz. Doggebay. I have been unable to explain this name, but clearly the authors of the journal refer to Ras Shaikh Mas'ud. In a little bight at the northern end of the cape is the tomb of the Shaikh from which it takes its name. fn. 8 Sibi river or Khor al-Sham is meant here. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 299 ※ SOURCE for Sacrum Sun Promontory « Recent examination of Ptolemy’s map of Arabia indicates that the Sacrum Sun Promontory may be Ra’s Shaykh Masud and if indeed this was the case there would be a good reason to suppose that Ptolemy’s Rhegama is Khasab. » #197 Groom, Nigel, Eastern Arabia in Ptolemy’s map, 16, PSAS, 1986 p. 74 and #218 Groom, Nigel, Oman and the Emirates in Ptolemy’s Map, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Denmark, 1994: 5: 198-214 Ras Sheikh Mas'ud 21a : arch. site OMN UTM: DE215039 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2526326854403 long 56.2139353643256 VARIANT names: Ras Sheikh Mas'ud 21a , ※ SOURCE for Ras Sheikh Mas'ud 21a #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 41 Ras Sheikh Mas'ud 21b : arch. site OMN UTM: DE215039 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2526326854403 long 56.2139353643256 VARIANT names: Ras Sheikh Mas'ud 21b , ※ SOURCE for Ras Sheikh Mas'ud 21b #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 41 Ras Sheikh Mas'ud 21c : arch. site OMN UTM: DE215039 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2526326854403 long 56.2139353643256 VARIANT names: Ras Sheikh Mas'ud 21c , ※ SOURCE for Ras Sheikh Mas'ud 21c #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 42 Ras Sheikh Mas'ud 21d : arch. site OMN UTM: DE208024 converted to coordinate: lat 26.239051132197 long 56.2070183354277 VARIANT names: Ras Sheikh Mas'ud 21d , ※ SOURCE for Ras Sheikh Mas'ud 21d #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 42 Ra's Shirab 1 (SRB1) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH855328 converted to coordinate: lat 20.1907438534461 long 57.8183276713387 VARIANT names: Ra's Shirab 1 (SRB1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Shirab 1 (SRB1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's Shirab 2 (SRB2) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH856326 converted to coordinate: lat 20.188932283272 long 57.8192752597284 VARIANT names: Ra's Shirab 2 (SRB2) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Shirab 2 (SRB2) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's Shirab 3 (SRB3) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH856325 converted to coordinate: lat 20.1880287265687 long 57.819270536766 VARIANT names: Ra's Shirab 3 (SRB3) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Shirab 3 (SRB3) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's Shirab 4 (SRB4) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH856324 converted to coordinate: lat 20.1871251697715 long 57.8192658140606 VARIANT names: Ra's Shirab 4 (SRB4) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Shirab 4 (SRB4) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Ra's Shirab 5 (SRB5) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH856324 converted to coordinate: lat 20.1871251697715 long 57.8192658140606 VARIANT names: Ra's Shirab 5 (SRB5) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Shirab 5 (SRB5) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's Shirab 6 (SRB6) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH852317 converted to coordinate: lat 20.180818057008 long 57.8154048630825 VARIANT names: Ra's Shirab 6 (SRB6) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Shirab 6 (SRB6) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's Shirab 7 (SRB7) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH849316 converted to coordinate: lat 20.1799277838769 long 57.8125292539094 VARIANT names: Ra's Shirab 7 (SRB7) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Shirab 7 (SRB7) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's Shirab 8 (SRB8) : arch. site OMN UTM: EH849312 converted to coordinate: lat 20.1763135467123 long 57.8125105282201 VARIANT names: Ra's Shirab 8 (SRB8) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Shirab 8 (SRB8) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Ra's Shiya (SHI4 east) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK729968 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5560380591819 long 59.6536434877084 VARIANT names: Ra's Shiya (SHI4 east) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Shiya (SHI4 east) « Stone structures » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Ra's Shiya (SHI4 west) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK726969 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5569885878694 long 59.6507459815023 VARIANT names: Ra's Shiya (SHI4 west) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Shiya (SHI4 west) « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Ra's Shuraytah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788833 coordinate: lat 26.38855 long 56.37869 NIMA/GNS names: Ras Sharaita , Ra's Sharati , Ra's Sharaytah , Ras Sharita , Ra's Sharitah , Ra's Shuraytah , رأس شراتي , VARIANT names: Ra's Shuraytah , Ra's Shuraytah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -788833 coordinate: lat 26.38855 long 56.37869 NIMA/GNS names: Ras Sharaita , Ra's Sharati , Ra's Sharaytah , Ras Sharita , Ra's Sharitah , Ra's Shuraytah , رأس شراتي , VARIANT names: P.ta Mogalef , Ra's Shuraytah , ※ SOURCE for P.ta Mogalef « P.ta Mogalef » in {map#391 Map of part of the Persian Gulf from Mascate to Pt. Doggeby, Isaac de Graaff, 1666, Nationaal Archief, The Hague, 4. VEL 222} « From the refuge of Cabalje till one ist East off Puncto Mogoleef (11) (on its corner a crag is situated) the course is N. N. E. for 3 ¼ miles and from there till the beforementioned point the course is East for one mile. Almost right between Cobalje and Puncto Mogaleff the island Ilje de Gaselle (12) is situated at a ¼ mile off the coast. fn.11 Ras Mukhālif. fn.12 Jazirat al-Ghanam or Sheep island. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ p. 300 « P.ta Mogalef » is clearly shown as being at Ra's Shuraytah on the map cited above, when the true Ras Mukhālif is located some 4 kilometres east at coordinate lat 26.37224, long 56.41191. Ra's Suwadi : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -789071 coordinate: lat 23.781924 long 57.791345 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's as Sawadi , Ra's Suwadi , Suadi Point , رأس السوادي , VARIANT names: Ras Sowadi , Ra's Suwadi , ※ SOURCE for Ras Sowadi « A few miles further on we come to Ras Sowadi, or “ Black Point, a low sandy spot, which has a large islet, 280 feet high, and six smaller islets. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p. 458 ※ SOURCE for Ra's Suwadi « Fortunately, this spate of activity ceased almost entirely after the RNS Loch Ruthven captured a dhow of rebel mine-layers off Ra’s Suwadi on the Batinah Coast in August 1961; subsequent interrogation led to the capture of another thirty rebel leaders inside the country which broke the hack of the resistance. » #63 Peterson, J. E., Britain And 'the Oman War': an Arabian Entanglement, Asian Affairs, London, 1976 ~ p. 293 Ra's Tanb : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CAPE UFI: -3197322 coordinate: lat 29.93672 long 50.136624 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's Tanb , Ra's-e Tonb , VARIANT names: Cap Ridelam , Ras êl Tombe , Ra's Tanb , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Ra's Tanb FOR Taoce Prom [d'Anville], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Cape Bang FOR Taoke [Vincent], ※ SOURCE for Cap Ridelam « Cap Ridelam » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 ※ SOURCE for Ras êl Tombe « Ras êl Tombe » in {map#1116 Chart of the Gulf of Persia. Constructed from the Trigonometrical Surveys, George Barnes Brucks, 1830, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3630/19/1-2, in Qatar Digital Library} Ras Tanura : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3098582 coordinate: lat 26.6438889 long 50.1591667 NIMA/GNS names: Cape Tannura , Ras at Tannura , Ra's at Tannurah , Ras Tannura , Ra's Tannurah , Ras Tanura , VARIANT names: Ra's at Tannūrah , Ras Tanura , tenora , ※ SOURCE for Ra's at Tannūrah « 7B-21 The oil port of Ra's at Tannūrah is located on the western shore of the Persian Gulf and about 200 miles southward of the head of Irreg the gulf. The port lies on the extremity of a low sandy peninsula which extends about 12 miles southeastward from the mainland. » #2824 Sailing Directions for the Persian Gulf Including the Gulf of Oman and the Northern Shore of the Arabian Sea as Far Eastward as Ras Muāri H.O. Pub . No. 62 (Formerly No. 158), U.S. Navy Hydrographic Office, Washington, 1960 ~ p. 233 ※ SOURCE for Ras Tanura « Very large coastal mounds of oyster shell in Eastern Saudi are also reported by Le Baron Bowen, near Al-Khobar and between Jubail and Ras Tanura (Le Baron Bowen 1951: 176). Although grinding stones and "crude pottery frag ments" were associated, both characteristic of Neolithic sites in that region, » #2817 Robert Carter, The History and Prehistory of Pearling in the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 2005 vol. 48:no. 2:pp. 139-209 ~ p. 164 ※ SOURCE for tenora « tenora » in {map#884 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 5V. [O-E], Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see PMC vol. 2 EST 216 and AHduGP map 31 « tenora » in {map#874 Map of the Arabian peninsula, Johannes Vingboons, 1665, Nationaal Archief, NL-HaNA_4.VELH_619.10 (old number: VELH0619.10} see AHduGP map 42 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.136032 long 49.243406 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ras Tuloop , ※ SOURCE for Ras Tuloop [ no modern name available in NIMA/GNS data. Coordinates based on point in google eart. PBR] « Ras Tuloop » in {map#1058 Persia, Ottoman Empire., Long, George, 1831, David Rumsey Map Collection list no:0890.088} « Ras Tuloop » in {map#1068 Part of the Coast of Persia from Ras Tuloop to Bushire, Brucks and Robert Cogan, 1826, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3635/41, in Qatar Digital Library} Ra's Wudayyah 1 (WD1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK899776 converted to coordinate: lat 22.3799828416761 long 59.8152950041343 VARIANT names: Ra's Wudayyah 1 (WD1) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Wudayyah 1 (WD1) « Village » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Ra's Wudayyah 2 (WD2) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK903793 converted to coordinate: lat 22.395254569863 long 59.8194852927872 VARIANT names: Ra's Wudayyah 2 (WD2) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Wudayyah 2 (WD2) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Ra's Wudayyah 3 (WD3) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK901784 converted to coordinate: lat 22.3871675761064 long 59.8173809173653 VARIANT names: Ra's Wudayyah 3 (WD3) , ※ SOURCE for Ra's Wudayyah 3 (WD3) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 288 Ras Yarid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -3088531 coordinate: lat 26.582778 long 54.443611 NIMA/GNS names: Ras Yarid , Ras Yurd , Ra's-e Yared , Ra's-e Yarid , Yaridi , رءس يرد , رءس يريد , راس يريد , VARIANT names: Ras Yarid , Ras-el-Jerd , ※ SOURCE for Ras Yarid « Moghu or Moghunah, is situated in the bay between Ras Bostonah and Ras Yarid on the Persian shore. Until the acquisition of Bassadore on the north-west extremity of the island of Kishm, Moghu was the station for the Indian Navy squadron. » #782 Low, Charles Rathbone, History of the Indian Navy (1613-1863), Richard Bentley and Son, 1877 ~ vol1 p. 333 ※ SOURCE for Ras-el-Jerd « In "Nearchus' Voyage" (Gronov. edition) Moghu is called Sidodone. Ras Yarid is called by Niebuhr, Ras-el-Jerd, or "Baldhead." » #782 Low, Charles Rathbone, History of the Indian Navy (1613-1863), Richard Bentley and Son, 1877 ~ vol1 p. 333 Rasalchen : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -3070504 coordinate: lat 27.8224 long 51.471537 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) NIMA/GNS names: Jazireh-ye-Nakhilu , Nakhilu , نخيلو , VARIANT names: Rasalchen , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Rasalchen AT Ra's-e Khan lat 28.004269 long 51.325838 [Olga], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Ras al-chel AT Jazireh-ye- Nakhilu lat 27.8224 long 51.471537 [Tomaschek], ※ SOURCE for Rasalchen « però andammo sempre scandagliando, tenendo la navigatione alla volta dell'Arabia per schivar una punta, la quale è sotto acqua dalla banda della costa di Persia, ch'è lunga 6 miglia, chiamandosi la punta di Rasalchen, (442) fn. 442 Ra'a al -Han. [but we always sounded, keeping the navigation to Arabia to avoid a point, which is under water from the band of the coast of Persia, which is 6 miles long, calling itself the point of Rasalchen, (442) fn. 442 Ra'a al-Han.] » #1572 Pinto, Olga, Viaggi d i C. Federici e G. Balbi alle Indie Orientali, Istituto Poligrafico Dello Stato, Rome, 1962, ~ p. 112 « am Aussenrande die langgestreckte Sanddüne Omm an-Nakheilah, vulgo Mukheilah genannt (vgl. Ras al-chel bei Balbi), mit zwei ragenden Dattelpalmen, daher auf portugiesischen Seekarten als ylha da Palmeira verzeichnet [on the outer edge the elongated sand dune Omm an-Nakheilah, commonly called Mukheilah (cf. Ras al-chel near Balbi), with two towering date palms, therefore listed as ylha da Palmeira on Portuguese nautical charts] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 59 Ra's-e Dastakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CAPE UFI: -3060070 coordinate: lat 26.538056 long 55.295833 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's-e Dastakan , راس دَستَكان , VARIANT names: Drustacoon Pt , Nemekdan , Ra's-e Dastakan , ※ SOURCE for Drustacoon Pt « Drustacoon Pt. » in {map#1036 Tracing showing the route and coast line from Mogoo Bay to the town of Bunder Abbas, Lewis Pelly, 1684, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F126/37, ff 18-27, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Nemekdan « An der Südküste von Kišm folgen kleine Landvorsprünge, z. B. Râs Tarkûn und Nemekdân; hinter Râs Dastakân springt die Südwestspitze Sar-miyân vor; vgl. o lugar Çirimião Do Couto VI, 10, 4, Sermion Teixeira. Am Nordwestende 26° 39' 12" N. 55° 16' 15" O. liegt Bâs-i-dûh, die vormals portugiesische fortaleza Baçidô oder Basadore, Basidon bei Balbi; die Springfluth steigt hier bis 8'; [On the south coast of Kišm follow small promontories, e.g. B. Râs Tarkûn and Nemekdân; behind Râs Dastakân the southwestern point of Sar-miyân juts out; cf. o lugar Çirimião Do Couto VI, 10, 4, Sermion Teixeira. At the northwest end 26° 39' 12" N. 55° 16' 15" E. lies Bâs-i-dûh, the formerly Portuguese fortaleza Baçidô or Basadore, Basidon near Balbi; the spring tide here rises to 8';] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 50 Ra's-e Jabrin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -3067349 coordinate: lat 27.914147 long 51.411305 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's-e Jabrin , رءس جبرين , VARIANT names: Ra's-e Jabrin , Ra's-e Kakun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: CAPE UFI: -3068696 coordinate: lat 26.558333 long 55.358889 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's-e Kahun , Ra's-e Kakun , راسِ كَكون , VARIANT names: Has Kacoon , Ra's-e Kakun , ※ SOURCE for Has Kacoon « Has Kacoon » in {map#1036 Tracing showing the route and coast line from Mogoo Bay to the town of Bunder Abbas, Lewis Pelly, 1684, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F126/37, ff 18-27, in Qatar Digital Library} Ra's-e Khan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -3070504 coordinate: lat 28.004269 long 51.325838 NIMA/GNS names: Damagheh-ye Khan , Jazireh-ye Khan , Ra's-e Khan , جزیره خان , دماغه خان , رءس خان , VARIANT names: Cap Kenn , Khan , Ras Khann , Ra's-e Khan , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Ra's-e Khan FOR Rasalchen [Olga], ※ SOURCE for Cap Kenn « Cap Kenn » in #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882, ~ table XV ※ SOURCE for Khan « Khan » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Ras Khann « Ras Khann » in #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882, ~ table XV Ra's-e Nakhilu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PT UFI: -3196054 coordinate: lat 26.859671 long 53.485406 NIMA/GNS names: Ra's-e Nakhilu , رءس نخيلو , VARIANT names: Nackiloo , Ra's-e Nakhilu , ※ SOURCE for Nackiloo « Nackiloo » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Rashmeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081042 coordinate: lat 35.16326 long 52.412726 NIMA/GNS names: Rashmeh , Reshmeh , Rishmeh , رشمه , VARIANT names: Rashmah , Rashmeh , ※ SOURCE for Rashmah « This daye we cam to Rashmah [?] (2), a very poore towne, hauing traveled vpon a causceye [causeway] of 5 leauges long lying vpon ye side of the salt desart, soe that when we came out of the causeeye to the towne we ridd vpon the green grasse. Here my lord picht in a tanck wher ther was noe water, haueing traveled 8 leauges. fn. 2 Not traced in any modern map. Della Valle gives Reseme. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 47 Rashmijan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 147044 coordinate: lat 29.8774 long 52.854 NIMA/GNS names: Rashmijan , Rashmijan-e Kalantari , رشمیجان , VARIANT names: Rashmijan , Rasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080876 coordinate: lat 37.276108 long 49.58862 NIMA/GNS names: Rasht , Rast , Resht , رشت , VARIANT names: Rasht , Resht , ※ SOURCE for Resht « Embargada la mente en estas y parecidas reffe-xiones, salí de Resht el 7 de Abril á las tres de la tarde, con tiempo lluvioso, frio, y paralizado ade-más el cuerpo á causa de la intensidad del reuma.Sobre espacioso puente atravesé el Rudbar, cer-ca del cual vi de nuevo los restos de la comenzada vía férrea. [My mind filled with these and similar reflections, I left Resht on April 7th at three in the afternoon, in rainy, cold weather, and with my body paralyzed by the intensity of my rheumatism.I crossed the Rudbar over a spacious bridge, near which I again saw the remains of the railway line that had been started.] » #3180 Adolfo Rivadeneyra, Viaje Al Interior De Persia, ~ vol. 1 p. 136 Rawa-adh-Dhiwan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.383135 long 51.520943 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rawa-adh-Dhiwan , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Rawa-adh-Dhiwan AT Jamileh lat 29.383135 long 51.520943 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Rawa-adh-Dhiwan « the fourth stage is 4 leagues to Ghundijan, the fifth stage is 6 leagues to Rawa-adh-Dhiwan » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ p. 885 « Ramzavān, Dādhin and Davvān (6). All lands of the hot region, but those that lie in the hill-country near by have a more temperate climate. The crops are corn, fruit and rice.fn. 6 It is uncertain whether the first word should be pronounced Ramm, or Zamm (in Arabic): cf. De Goeje in Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum, IV. p. 250. Dādhin and Davvän are mentioned by Istakhri. Davvän is still the name of a village lying 2 leagues to the north of Kazirûn, but neither Dädhin nor Ramm Zavan occurs on the map; and as regards the latter place there is some confusion in the spelling of the name. Its position is given in the Itinerary as lying half-way between Ghundijän and Tawwaj, being 6 leagues distant from either place (and for the position of these two towns see below in chapter xv). The name is spelt Rawa-adh-Dhiwan, which is varied to Ramm-adh-Dhiwån in the list of the Kurdish Ramms. Both these spellings, however, appear to be the Arabic form of the Persian Ramm Zavan (or Ravän possibly) mentioned here as a district and again below among the Castles. In the Arabic authorities there is much variety in the spelling by a shifting of the diacritical points. Istakhri mentions it as the Kurdish Ramm of which Al-Husayn ibn Salih was chief, and also spells the name variously Rawa-adh-Dhiwan and Ramm-ad- Diwan. Yaqût gives it under the heading Ramm-az-Zizān. » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 116-7 Rayen : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3080933 coordinate: lat 29.5977 long 57.4386 NIMA/GNS names: Rayen , Rayin , راین , VARIANT names: Rayen , Raykan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.500156 long 52.363365 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: this location at stage 5 of 7 stages on Muqaddasi Siraf to Jur ( ≃ 145 kms of 203 kms) VARIANT names: Raykan , ※ SOURCE for Raykan « thence to Rāykān, one stage » #3346 Muhammad ibn Ahmad Muqaddasi, trans. Basil Anthony Collins, The Best Divisions For Knowledge Of The Region, Garnet Publishing, Reading, 2001 ~ p. 367 Raysut : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788531 coordinate: lat 16.950217 long 53.967371 NIMA/GNS names: Raysut , Rayzut , Risut , ريسوت , VARIANT names: Raysut , Sariba , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Raysut FOR Coseude [Spenger], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Raysut FOR Bosara [Spenger], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Raysut FOR Coseude [Newton and Zarins], ※ SOURCE for Sariba « Sariba | R | Raisut? | von Wissmann 1977, 34 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory MAP 4 ARABIA-AZANIA p. 54 Razak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745226 coordinate: lat 28.370655 long 53.936591 NIMA/GNS names: Razak , Rizak , Zarak , زرک , VARIANT names: Raxik , Razak , Ruzak , ※ SOURCE for Raxik « Raxik » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} ※ SOURCE for Ruzak « At 9½ miles the ruined huts of Ruzak are passed, a summer resort only. Water from one cistern; grazing very good; fuel plentiful; supplies nil. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 175 Razvaliny Kalayi-Surkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 9102053 coordinate: lat 31.732864 long 64.59442 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`ah-ye Surkh , Razvaliny Kalayi-Surkh , قلعه سرخ , VARIANT names: Razvaliny Kalayi-Surkh , Regma, Regama Polis : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -787654 coordinate: lat 26.179926 long 56.247736 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) NIMA/GNS names: Al Khasab , Al Khasal , Khasab , خصب , VARIANT names: Regma, Regama Polis , Rhegama , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Regma, Regama Polis AT Ras al Khaimah lat 25.789527 long 55.943196 [Sprenger, Bochart, Glaser, Zwemer], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Regma, Regama Polis AT Khasab lat 26.179926 long 56.247736 [Groom], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Regma, Regama Polis AT Ramah or Rhums lat long [Forster], ※ SOURCE for Regma, Regama Polis Wilkinson states that the identification of Ras al Khaimah with the Biblical Re’ama and the Greek Regma Polis have been considered too speculative though Dibba or Daba is accepted as Pliny’s Dabanegoris regio. #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, vol. 130, pt. 3, pp. 337-349, The Geographical Journal, 1964 ~ p. 348 and (Pliny, Book VI, xxxii 150). « These sitings all seem, however, to be too far north to accommodate yet another major town, Regmal Regama polis, before reaching the Asabon promontory, traditionally identified with Ra' s Musandam.(252) Although the sources on Regma can hardly be called numerous, a sizeable amount of literature has grown up about it. In his Geographia Sacra, published in 1674, S. Bochart(253) identified the name with the biblical Ra'ma (Gen. 10: 7; Ezek. 27: 22; 1 Kgs. 10; 2 Chr. 9), and in this he was subsequently followed by a number of authorities. (254) Blau, however, does not seem to have accepted this link, and identified Regma with Rigam, a town on the border between Oman and aI-Bahrain named by Tabari. (255) Sprenger accepted Bochart's identification of the biblical and Ptolemaic names, and suggested Ras al-Khaimah as the site, (256) a position later adopted by Glaser(257) and Zwemer(258) as welI. (259) Among the texts found by Halevy and later Glaser himself in Yemen, moreover, was a now famous Minaean inscription (Hal. 535 = Gl. 1155) found at Baraqis, ancient YIL, in which an attack on a caravan between Ma'in and Ragmat is mentioned. (260) J. Tkac contended that the Minaean, biblical, and Ptolemaic names all denoted one and the same place. (261) A. Grohmann accepted this viewpoint and insisted, moreover, that Ptolemy had made an error in placing a 'Regma' on the Arabian Gulf. (262) Minaean 'Ragmat' has now been identified securely with Nagran,(263) but it is still questionable whether all three toponyms denote the same place, and von Wissmann identified only the biblical and Minaean names with each other, (264) surely a strong possibility. (265) It is entirely plausible, however, that a homophonous Regma existed in eastern Arabia as well, although the identification with Ras al-Khaimah remains purely speculative. fn. 252 D'Anville, 'Recherches geographiques', 196; Sprenger, Die alte Geographie, § 143; Miles, 'Note on Pliny's Geography', 166; Glaser, Skizze, 216, 225, 249; von Wissmann, Das Weihrauchland Sa'kaian, 14. Unlike most authorities, Forbiger, Handbuch, 735, identified Asabon with the Jabal Akhdar. fn. 253 S. Bochart, Geographia Sacra S. Phaleg de Dispersione Gentium et Canaan de Coloniis et Sermone Phoenicum (Frankfurt, 1674). fn. 254 G. B. Winer, Biblisches Realworterbuch, ii (Leipzig, 1847),295. fn. 255 Blau, 'Die Wanderung', 666. Cf. the discussion in ch, 5 above of Rama!, the site of a monastery in aI-Bahrain founded by Abdiso in the 4th cent. fn. 256 Sprenger, Die alte Geographie, § 162. fn. 257 Skizze, 252. fn. 258 S. M. Zwemer, Three Journeys in Northern Oman', Gl 19 (1902), 57; id., 'Oman and Eastern Arabia', BAGS 39 (1907), 600. South-Eastern Arabia, 325 BC-AD 676 321 fn. 259 Wilkinson, 'A Sketch', 348 n. 8, dismissed this identification as 'too speculative to be considered seriously'. fn. 260 The text has been discussed many times. See e.g. H. Winckler, 'Musri, Melubba, Ma· in', MVAG 1 (1898 ),20; F. Hommel, Vier neue arabische Landschaftsnamen im Alten Testament (Munich, 1901),321-2; id., 'Geschichte Sudarabiens im Umriss', in D. Nielsen (ed.), Handbuch der altarabischen Altertumskunde, i (Copenhagen, 1927), 70; H. von Wissmann, 'De Mari Erythraeo', in H. Wilhelmy (ed.), Hermann Lautensach-Festschrift (Stuttgarter Geographischc Studien, 69; Stuttgart, 1957), 292 n. 12. fn. 261 J. Tkac, 'Regma', RE ii/1 (1914),508. fn. 262 A. Grohmann, Sudarabien als Wirtschaftsgebiet (Schriften der philosophischen Fakultiit der deutschen Universitiit in Prag, 13; Leipzig, 1933), 119. fn. 263 H. von Wissmann and M. Hofner, Beitrage zur historischen Geographie des vorislamischen Sudarabien (Abh. d. Akad. d. Wiss. u. d. Lit. in Mainz, geistes- unJ sozialwissenschaftlichen Kl., 1952/4; Wiesbaden, 1953),227-9. Cf. Ryckmans, 'Petits royaumcs sud-arabes', 89. fn. 264 Von Wissmann, 'De Mari Erythraeo', 294 n. 20a. Cf. id., Die Geschichte von Saba·, ii. Das Grossreich der Sabaer bis zu seinem Ende im fruhen 4. ]h. v. Chr. (Sitzungsber. d. OSter. Akad. d. Wiss., phil.-hist. Kl., 402; Vienna, 1982), 33. fn. 265 E. Ullendorf, in his review of von Wissmann and Hbfner, Beitrage, Or. 23 (1954), 320, wrote: 'One may doubt whether the identification of Ragmatin Nagran with the O.T. Ra'mll is correct.' But see W. W. Muller, 'Altsudarabien als Weihrauchland', Theologische QuartalschriJt, 149 (1969), 365-6 n. 103, with an etymological discussion which convincingly links the Hebrew and South Arabian toponyms. » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ vol. 2 p.320 « 162. ‘Ρεγμα πόλις, 88°, 23° 10' (N. C. Vvulgo: ‘Ρεγαμα W. A. B.; 23° 20' B. N. VADS.; ‘Ρηγμα Steph. Byz), ist der erste Hafen an dieser Küste nach der Meerenge und entspricht Ras al- Chayma der Adm. K., Br. 25° 47', L. 55° 58', auch Dschulfår ge- nannt. Nach Ym. II, 63, 104 ist Gullafir oder Gurrafår zu sprechen; es gehört zu 'Omân, betreibt Viehzucht und ist reich an Kas und Butter und exportirt diese Producte. In Ibn Mogáwir kommt fol- gendes Itinerar vor, aus welchem wir die Wichtigkeit der Lage dieses Hafens erkennen. Er fährt von Çohár nach al-'Aqar, 56° 28', 24° 48', 4 Farsangen; dann nach Kelbe, 56° 20, 25° 4, 4 Farsangen; dann nach Chör Fakân, 56° 22', 25° 21', 4 Farsangen; dann nach Debd, 56° 18', 25° 38', 4 Farsangeri; dann nach Lyma, 56° 26', 25° 56', 4 Farsangen. Soweit können wir ihn auf der Karte verfolgen und 4 Farsangen sind durchschnittlich gleich 28. Dann nach 5, 3 Far- sangen; dann nach lab (sic, für lal, Gulfár) 8 Farsangen. Von da setzt man nach der Insel Qays (Kysch) über, 8 (lies 80) Farsangen. Die Ueberfahrt beträgt einen Tag und eine Nacht (drei Tage und Nächte ?). » [162. ‘Ρεγμα πόλις, 88°, 23° 10' (N. C. Vvulgo: ‘Ρεγαμα W. A. B.; 23° 20' B. N. VADS.; ‘Ρηγμα Steph. Byz), is the first port on this coast after the strait, and corresponds to Ras al - Chayma the Adm. K., Br. 25° 47', L. 55° 58', also called Dschulfår. After Ym II, 63, 104 Gullafir or Gurrafår is to be pronounced; it belongs to 'Omân, breeds cattle, and is rich in cheese and butter, and exports these products. In Ibn Mogáwir the following itinerary occurs, from which we can see the importance of the location of this port. He goes from Çohár to al-'Aqar, 56° 28', 24° 48', 4 farsangs; then to Kelbe, 56° 20, 25° 4, 4 Farsangen; then to Chor Fakân, 56° 22', 25° 21', 4 farsangs; then to Debd, 56° 18', 25° 38', 4 Farsangeri; then to Lyma, 56° 26', 25° 56', 4 farsangs. So far we can trace him on the map and 4 farsangs equals 28 on average. Then after 5, 3 farsangs; then after lab (sic, for lal, Gulfár) 8 farsangs. From there one ferries to the island of Qays (Kysh), 8 (read 80) farsangs. The crossing is one day and one night (three days and nights?).] #1332 Sprenger, A., Die alte Geographie Arabiens, Commissionsverlag Von Huber als Comp; Meridian Publising Co., Bern; Amsterdam, 1875;1966 ~ § 162 p. 126 ‘Ρεγμα πόλις = Regma city, Ρεγαμα = Regama, ‘Ρηγμα = Rigma « Ein Theil von Azd und zwar der zuerst auswandernde 3) zog nach Omân, und ward davon Azd-Omân genannt, wo sie eines- theils 4) an el-Jemâma, die Binnenlandschaft, gränzten, anderntheils nach der Küste zu von Ureinwohnern umgeben waren, zu denen Hamza 6) die Gasim zählt, welche noch Jaqut als „,amaleqitische" Urbevölkerung des Gestades nennt 6), wo heutigen Tages dieselben unter dem Namen Gewâsimi noch hausen 7). Ptolemäus nennt an dieser Küste die Nareitae, was ,,Anwohner des Flusses" be- deutet (nämlich des Lar, dessen Mündung in ihrem Gebiete lag), und deren Hauptstadt Regma, die unter dem Namen Rigâm 8) noch im 7. Jahrhundert als Gränze zwischen Omân und Bahrein genannt wird. Ueber Ptol. Kottaßavoi lässt sich aus arabischen Parallelen etwas Concluentes um so weniger bieten, als sie schon zu den vor der sabäischen Einwanderung dort sesshaften Völkern gehören, wie ihre Erwähnung bei Artemidorus u. aa. beweist. 3) Mas'udi III, 387. - Abulf II. A. 187 f. 4) Wüstenf. Reg. 99. 5) Hamza Isf. S. 101. 6) Bei Nöldeke S. 39. 7) Ritter Erdk. XII, 406. 8) Tabari ed, Koseg. I, 205. » [A part of Azd, namely the first to emigrate 3) went to Omân, and was called Azd-Omân from there, where they partly 4) bordered on el-Jemâma, the interior landscape, and partly on the coast were surrounded by natives. among which Hamza 6) counts the Gasim, which Jaqut still names as the ",Amaleqitic" native population of the shore 6), where today they still live under the name Gewâsimi 7). Ptolemy names the Nareitae on this coast, which means "residents of the river" (namely the Lar, whose mouth was in their area), and their capital Regma, which under the name Rigâm 8) is still mentioned in the 7th century as the border between Omân and Bahrain. About Ptol. Kottassavoi cannot be offered anything conclusive from Arabic parallels, as they already belong to the peoples who had settled there before the Sabaean immigration, as they are mentioned in Artemidorus and aa. proves 3) Mas'udi III, 387. - Abulf II. A. 187 f. 4) Wüstenf. Reg. 99. 5) Hamza Isf. S. 101. 6) Bei Nöldeke S. 39. 7) Ritter Erdk. XII, 406. 8) Tabari ed, Koseg. I, 205.] #2845 Blau, O., Die Wanderung der sabäischen Völkerstämme im 2. Jahrhundert n. Chr. : Nach arabischen Sagen und Ptolomäus, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Wiesbaden, 1868 Bd. 22: ~ p. 666 ※ SOURCE for Rhegama « From the point at which we have now arrived, to the south-eastern extremity of the Arabian peninsula, or along the entire circuit of coast between the Zar river and Ras-al-Hhad, the Alexandrine geographer, it is singular to remark, notices two sea-ports only, Rhegama Civitas *, and Cryptos Porfus. His Rhegama Civitas, is Ramah or Rhums, the last port of the Persian Gulf next Cape Mussendom. » #365 Forster, The Rev. Charles, The Historical Geography of Arabia, Duncan and Malcolm; Darf Publishers Limited, 1846; 1984 ~ vol. 2 p. 223 « Recent examination of Ptolemy’s map of Arabia indicates that the Sacrum Sun Promontory may be Ra’s Shaykh Masud and if indeed this was the case there would be a good reason to suppose that Ptolemy’s Rhegama is Khasab. » #197 Groom, Nigel, Eastern Arabia in Ptolemy’s map, 16, PSAS, 1986 ~ p. 74 and #218 Groom, Nigel, Oman and the Emirates in Ptolemy’s Map, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Denmark, 1994: 5: 198-214 ~ « Persian gulf … In the widely extended bay of the Ichthyophage near which toward the interior, are the Macae; then the towns of the Anaritae … Rhegama town 88 23 10 » #2452 Claudius Ptolemy Translated And Edited By Edward Luther Stevenson, Claudius Ptolemy The Geography, Dover Publications, New York, 1932:1991 ~ p. 138 Reh Pasa fortress : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.480237 long 52.636543 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Cowel , Reh Pasa fortress , ※ SOURCE for Cowel « The fift day wee came to Cowel, which is a Casal neere to Shiras: this night we payed a dutie upon our goods. The sixth day in the morning, we came to the Citie of Shiras » #3292 John Newberry, Two Voyages of John Newberry, in: Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, , 1905, vol. 8 pp. 449-481 ~ p. 461 ※ SOURCE for Reh Pasa fortress Sassanid fortress of Reh Pasa [قلعه ساسانی ره پسا] « Dopo tre leghe in circa di strada, passammo un ponte, sotto al quale allora non vi era acqua alcuna, ma in certi tempi vi suol correre un torrente che cala alle volte. dai monti d'intorno. Si chiama il ponte di Passà, perchè sta nella strada che a Passà conduce. Passa si dice volgarmente in voce questo nome, benchè nella scrittura al modo degli Arabi, i quali non hanno la P, con la F, secondo il lor costume, Fassà, o Phassà, lo sogliono scrivere. Passato quel ponte, si trova subito un caravanserai e certe case disfatte a piè di un poggio, sopra il quale si vede altre volte esservi stato un castello: ma ora ogni cosa è rovinata, ed il caravanserai ancora, benchè pur resti in piedi, è abbandonato nondimeno; il che credo che avvenga, perchè il luogo patisce di acqua. [After about three leagues of road, we passed a bridge, under which there was no water at that time, but at certain times a stream usually runs across it and sometimes drops. from the surrounding mountains. It is called the Passà bridge, because it is on the road that leads to Passà. This name is commonly spoken by voice, although in writing in the manner of the Arabs, who do not have the P, with the F, according to their custom, Fassà, or Phassà, they usually write it. Once you have crossed that bridge, you immediately find a caravanserai and some ruined houses at the foot of a hill, on which you can see that there has once been a castle: but now everything is ruined, and the caravanserai is still standing, although it remains standing. abandoned nevertheless; which I believe happens, because the place suffers from water.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 273 Rehneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081175 coordinate: lat 35.881798 long 52.170031 NIMA/GNS names: Rehneh , Reneh , Reyneh , Rineh , Rineh , رنه , رهنه , رينه , VARIANT names: Rehneh , Reneh , ※ SOURCE for Reneh « while straight ahead on a plateau lies Reneh—our destination. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 323 Relief of Aidin Sinn, King of the Simurion : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.464888 long 45.866806 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: naqsh barjasteh idin sin padeshah simoriom نقش برجسته ایدین سین پادشاه سیموریوم VARIANT names: Relief of Aidin Sinn, King of the Simurion , Reshir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081182 coordinate: lat 28.898929 long 50.836356 NIMA/GNS names: Beshahr , Reshir , Rishahr , بشهر , رشير , ریشهر , VARIANT names: Abushehr , Ft. Rusheer , Raxel , Raxel , Rayshahr , reixell , Reixete , Reshir , Reshire , Rexel , Rexell , Richer , Riexel , Risciel , Riseiel , Rishahir , Rishahr , Rishahr , Risher , Rixel , ※ SOURCE for Abushehr « 22. Abushehr (Büshir) … in Babylonischen tijd een belangrijke handelsstad op het schiereiland gesticht werd en wel op de plek waar het tegenwoordige dorp Rishehr, omstr. 9 K.M. van Bushir, gelegen is. Nearchus noemt het Hieratis. Tomaschek meent dat aan beide namen het oud-Perz. Raivatis - schitterend, rijk ten grondslag kan liggen. Waar Ptolem. spreekt van een naburige haven Yaunaka (Ionisch, dienende waarschijnlijk tot landingsplaats voor de Grieken van Charax, Alexander's haven aan de samenvloeiing van Karün en Tigris) meent hij wellicht het tegenwoordige Bushir (Tom.). [22. Abushehr (Büshir) ... in Babylonian times, on the site where the present-day village of Rishehr, approx. 9 K.M. from Bushir, is located. Nearchus calls it Hieratis. Tomaschek believes that both names are derived from Old Persian. Raivatis - beautiful, rich underlying. Where Ptolem. speaks of a neighboring port Yaunaka (Ionian, probably serving as a landing place for the Greeks of Charax, Alexander's port at the confluence of Karün and Tigris), he probably means the present-day Bushir (Tom.). ] » #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907, ~ p. 387 ※ SOURCE for Ft. Rusheer « Ft. Rusheer » in {map#1121 Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, , 1850, #1334 Monteith, William, Notes on the Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, etc., Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857 27:108-19 ~} ※ SOURCE for Raxel « Raxel » in {map#1019 Anonymous Portuguese Planisphere, Pero Fernandes (?), 1545, Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek Kartensammlung, FKB 272/11} see AHduGP map 20 and PMC vol. I pl. 79 « Raxel » in {map#1021 [Carte de l'ocean Indien occidental et du golfe Persique Atlas,fol. 8, Diogo Homem, 1561, Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, (Codex Vindobnensis. 335)} see PMC vol. 2 EST 120-126 and AHduGP map 28 ※ SOURCE for Raxel « RESHIRE, n.p. Rishihr. A place on the north coast of the Persian Gulf, some 5 or 6 miles east of the modern port of Bushire (q.v.). The present village is insignificant, but it is on the site of a very ancient city, which continued to be a port of some consequence down to the end of the 16th century. I do not doubt that this is the place intended by Reyxel in the quotation from A. Nunes under Dubber. The spelling Raxet in Barros below is no doubt a clerical error for Raxel. » #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A. C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996 ~ p. 760 « Raxel (20 B, 28 B) : [Rayshahr] Rishahr » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ index p. 429 ※ SOURCE for Rayshahr « Rexel (24 B, 42 E) : [Rayshahr] Rishahr » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ index p. 429 ※ SOURCE for reixell « reixell » in {map#834 Eastern Africa, Arabia, and India, Fernão Vaz Dourado, 1550-1575, The Huntington Library HM41 fol11} see PMC vol. 3 EST 269 and AHduGP map 34 ※ SOURCE for Reixete « De ce cap Nabao jusqu’à la ville (vila) de Reixete (RaySahr), où se jette le fleuve Rodom (Rudan), la terre se fait courbe à la manière d’une baie, distance qui sera de quarante lieues, sur laquelle sont ces villes (vilas): Bedicane (Bidbün), Chilau (Silaw) et le cap de Verdeitao (Bardistàn) » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 101 ※ SOURCE for Reshire « RESHIRE, n.p. Rishihr. A place on the north coast of the Persian Gulf, some 5 or 6 miles east of the modern port of Bushire (q.v.). The present village is insignificant, but it is on the site of a very ancient city, which continued to be a port of some consequence down to the end of the 16th century. I do not doubt that this is the place intended by Reyxel in the quotation from A. Nunes under Dubber. The spelling Raxet in Barros below is no doubt a clerical error for Raxel. » #379 Yule, Henry and Burnell A. C., Hobson-Jobson, The Anglo-Indian Dictionary, Wordsworth Editions Ltd, Ware, Hertfordshire, 1996 ~ p. 760 ※ SOURCE for Rexel « Rexel » in {map#1018 Portolani e atlanti nautici, Lopo Homem, 1554, Istituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza, Florence, Inv 946} see AHduGP map 24 « Rexel » in {map#874 Map of the Arabian peninsula, Johannes Vingboons, 1665, Nationaal Archief, NL-HaNA_4.VELH_619.10 (old number: VELH0619.10} see AHduGP map 42 ※ SOURCE for Rexell « Rexell » in {map#1024 Oost Indien Van Cabo de Bona Esperanca tot Ceilon, Hendrick Doncker, 1680, Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional De España, GMG/207} ※ SOURCE for Richer « After an hour's talk with him, I re-embarked in my taranquaine, which is the name of the vessels that navigate the Persian Gulf (1). I followed our route with a light wind from the sea, which took us near the Persian coast. About four o'clock in the afternoon we saw Bocher [Bushire], a little town on the Persian coast of which I will speak in another place; and, in passing two leagues below it, we also saw Richer [Rishahr], which appears to be a large fortress on the seashore, built in former times by the Portuguese at the mouth of a little river (2). By it was a beach between two mountains and a village in a wood, the verdure of which was a pleasant sight from the sea. It was once inhabited and under Portuguese rule, but is now deserted except for some poor Persians and Arabs, subjects of the King of Persia. That night and the following day we continued on our way along the coast. fn. 1 Hamilton (1, 41) calls these boats 'trankies'. As to their nature and the supposed derivation of the word, see Sir W. Foster's note (ibid., 1, 226), and Hobson-Jobson, 937, where Couto is cited as calling them 'terranquims' in 1554, and Hanway tarranquins' in 1753. Pietro della Valle (Viaggi, IV, 437; tr. Havers, 238) also speaks of the barques on the Persian Gulf called 'terrankim'. fn. 2 This was the former fortress of the ancient town of Rishahr, mentioned by Curzon, II, 235, and Wilson, p. 74 » #385 ed. Fawcett, The Travels of the Abbe Carre in India and the near east 1672 to 1674, Hakluyt Society, London, 1947 ~ vol.1 pp. 94-5 ※ SOURCE for Riexel « Riexel » in {map#1025 Nieuwe Pascaert van Oost Indien Verthonende hen van C. de, Johannes van Keulen, 1695, The Hague, Nationaalarchief (4VEL S 6 A 44)} see AHduGP map 49 ※ SOURCE for Risciel « Risciel » in {map#978 Regno Di Persia, Giacomo Cantelli da Vignola and Giacomo de Rossi, 1679, Paulus Swaen Lot #: 46827} see AHduGP map 64 ※ SOURCE for Riseiel « Riseiel » in {map#974 Imperium Turcicum in Europa, Asia et Africa, Regiones Proprias, Tributarias, Clientelaresq sicut et omnes ejusdem Beglirbegatus Seu Præfecturas Generales exhibens,, Johann Baptist Homann, 1720, Götzfried Antique Maps, Reference 11708} see AHduGP map 95 ※ SOURCE for Rishahir « At the southern end of the peninsula, 7½ miles south of Bushahr, are the ruins of the ancient town of Rishahr, where burial urns and cuneiform inscriptions dating back to the Babylonian era have been found. Rishahr may perhaps be identified with the "Greek town" (ÅI\naka) of Isidore of Charax. It was founded anew by the Sasanid king Ardashir and was given the name of Riv-Ardashir, of which Rishahr is a contraction. In the 10th/16th and 11th/17th centuries the Portuguese had a settlement and fort there. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ I:1341a ※ SOURCE for Rishahr see SOURCE note « Richer » « Thus, the armies of Islam did not strike further eastwards until the last strongholds of resistance in Fan, Gür and Istakhr in particular, together with the coastal fortresses which provisioned them, had been occupied and finally subjected in the years 29-30/648-650. (8) Nevertheless, this strike was still made overland, through the inhospitable salt desert of the Dasht, and, though ultimately victorious, involved bitter fighting against local pockets of Persian resistance, supported by mercenary contingents. The literature makes no mention of any Arab sea operation. fn. 8 Some scholars identify one of these fortresses with Rishahr, while Shahriyaj is mentioned by Baladhuri. However, the real Fars campaign was to begin in 22/ 643 from Basra. This long, arduous campaign was fought mainly by the armies of Basra under the command of Abū Mūsā 'l-Ash'ari. In 28/648-649, Isṭakhr and Gür, which had already been taken, rebelled once more. Gür was captured by Abdallah b. 'Amir but only after the fall of Shahriyaj (or Sūriyāj, according to Yaqut). Baladhuri was informed by a Persian that this Shahriyaj was the sea fortress of Suriyānj. It was called Shahriyaj by the Arabs, possibly as a historical memory of the later Muslim city of Siraf (Baladhuri 1886: 390, lines 13-19; Whitehouse 1971: 262-267; Fiorani Piacentini 1992). » #1070 Piacentini, Valeria Fiorani, The Arab expeditions overseas in the seventh century AD - working hypotheses on the dissolution of the Sasanian state apparatus along the eastern seaboard of the Arabian peninsula, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2002 ~ p.167 14. * RISHAHR (spelt:), a flourishing borough between Siniz and Arrajān. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937 ~ p. 127 « Rishahr, In the course of a recent survey, a large and complex site, which apparently flourished in the Parthian and Sasanian periods, was discovered on the Bushire peninsula, 180 km. from Sirāf towards the head of the Gulf. The peninsula is an "island" of rock, 21 km. long and up to 6 km. wide, jutting into the sea and separated from the mainland by mudflats 15 km. across.31 It has a long history of settlement beginning in the 'Ubaid period(32) and including an important Elamite town known as Liyan.(33) Alexander's admiral Nearchos visited the peninsula, which was then called Mesembria, and Arrian noted "many gardens and all kinds of fruit trees growing there". Near the south end stood Hieratis, a populous place" and the only settlement on the Gulf coast distinguished by the term ?oλις, a city. Hieratis presumably was the port of the Achaemenian palace near Taoke, the forerunner of medieval Tawaj.(34) fn. 32 Ubaid sherds were found at Site H 200 by Andrew Williamson and Martha Prickett during a survey in 1969-71. A note on this site will be published elsewhere by Miss Prickett. fn. 33 M. Pézard, Mission à Bender Bouchir, in M.D.P. XV (1914). fn. 34 Arrian, Indica XXXIX; Strabo XV, 3, 3. The palace, probably built in the reign of Cyrus, was discovered recently near Borazjan, some 20 km. from the site of Tawaj; see A. A. Sarfaraz in "Survey of Excavations-1971-72" below, p. 188. » #1127 Whitehouse, D. and Williamson, A., Sasinian Maritime Trade, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1973, 11:29-49 ~ p. 35 ※ SOURCE for Rishahr « Rishahr. In the present context, two other sites merit discussion: the Bushire peninsula and the island of Kharg. In the course of a recent survey, a large and complex site, which apparently flourished in the Parthian and Sasanian periods, was discovered on the Bushire peninsula, 180 km. from Siraf towards the head of the Gulf. The peninsula is an "island" of rock, 21 km. long and up to 6 km. wide, jutting into the sea and separated from the mainland by mudflats 15 km. across.(31) It has a long history of settlement beginning in the 'Ubaid period (32) and including an important Elamite town known as Liyan.(33) Alexander's admiral Nearchos visited the peninsula, which was then called Mesembria, and Arrian noted " many gardens and all kinds of fruit trees growing there". Near the south end stood Hieratis, "a populous place" and the only settlement on the Gulf coast distinguished by the term ?oλιÇ, a city. Hieratis presumably was the port of the Achaemenian palace near Taoke, the forerunner of medieval Tawaj.(34) fn. 30 It is possible that some of the tombs are Nestorian, cf. R. Ghirshman, The Island of Kharg (Tehran 1960), pl. 5 on p. 7: a rock-cut tomb with an incised cross above the rectangular opening. fn. 31 The mudflats (known as sabakhzar, cf. Arabic sabkha) stand above mean sea level, but are liable to inundation by unusually high tides, especially when there is a strong following wind. fn. 32 'Ubaid sherds were found at Site H 200 by Andrew Williamson and Martha Prickett during a survey in 1969-71. A note on this site will be published elsewhere by Miss Prickett. fn. 33 M. Pézard, Mission à Bender Bouchir, in M.D.P. XV (1914). fn. 34 Arrian, Indica XXXIX; Strabo XV, 3, 3. The palace, probably built in the reign of Cyrus, was discovered recently near Borazjan, some 20 km. from the site of Tawaj; see A. A. Sarfaraz in "Survey of Excavations-1971-72" below, p. 188. » #1127 Whitehouse, D. and Williamson, A., Sasinian Maritime Trade, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1973 11:29-49 ~ p. 35 ※ SOURCE for Risher « Bender Risher » {map#1028 Golfe Persique Dresse en I758 et publiee en 76, Jean-Baptiste d'Anville, 1776, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Stock 80794} see AHduGP map 75 ※ SOURCE for Rixel « Rixel » in {map#1027 Chart of the Persian Gulf, William Hack, , in A Description of the Sea Coasts Ports Bays harbours Rivers etc. [...] in the East Indies. To the Right Honorable John Lord Sommers, chart n° II} Reza Qoli Khan Caravanserai, Juyom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.251556 long 53.982936 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: from google maps VARIANT names: Reza Qoli Khan Caravanserai, Juyom , ※ SOURCE for Reza Qoli Khan Caravanserai, Juyom Reza Qoli Khan Caravanserai کاروانسرای رضاقلی خان Rezvan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081102 coordinate: lat 27.5738 long 56.0755 NIMA/GNS names: Rezvan , Rizwan , رضوان , VARIANT names: Rezvan , Riswant , ※ SOURCE for Riswant « Ce lieu se nomme Riswant, et dépend du gouverneur de Taroûn . [This place is called Riswant, and depends on the governor of Taroûn.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 385 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 35.583 long 51.417 VARIANT names: Rhagae , ※ SOURCE for Rhagae owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Rhagae, 51.417, 35.583, IR, nkn, exact, 136, tmcIRa0100_050a » Rhogonis : stream grp 4 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.470097 long 50.667406 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Rhogomanis , Rhogonis , Roganis , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Rhogomanis AT Rud-e Shur lat 29.461482 long 50.671482 [McCrindle], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Rhogonis AT Rud-e Shur lat 29.461482 long 50.671482 [Vincent], ※ SOURCE for Rhogomanis «Several correspondences with the rivers mentioned by Arrian are obvious: Oroatis = Arosis, Rhogomanis = Rogonis and Brisoana = Brizana. a. » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 6 « Rhogomanis Fl (Ptol.)» in {map#1083 Abrianus nicomedensis.tab XV Nearchi navigatio ab Indo ad Euphratem, Karl Müller, 1882, #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882 ~} « Weighing from Taôkê they proceeded to Rhogonis, a winter torrent. where they anchored in a safe harbour.8 The course thither was one of 200 stadia. (82) fn. 82 Rhogonis.-It is written Rhogomanis by Ammianus Marcellinus, who mentions it as one of the four largest rivers in Persia, the other three being the Vatrachitis, Brisoana, and Bagrada. It is the river at the mouth of which is Bender-Righ or Regh, which is considered now as in the days of Nearkhos to be a day's sail from Bushire. » #2999 Arrian, John Watson McCrindle, The Commerce and Navigation of the Erythraean Sea, Thacker, Spink, 1879 ~ p. 215 ※ SOURCE for Rhogonis « Rhogonis » in Map of Susiana or Khoozistan in #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 after p. 480 « From Taokè, the fleet seems to proceed the same day to Rhôgonis, the modern Bender-Regli (286), and the Bundereck of our charts; its name implies the Sandy Port or Harbour, for such it is, and the soil about it is all sand. Thevenot, who came down from Shiraz to embark here for Basra, informs us, that the town is built along the sea-side, at a place where it runs into a narrow channel, long and winding, but is not deep; and if he had wished to describe a circumstance in conformity with Arrian, he could not have succeeded better, for here the journal indicates a winter torrent and a safe road (287) fn. 286 Bender Rigk. Niebuhr. Fn. 287 The road is formed by an island, and covers a narrow winding channel as Thevenot describes. The river falls in as near as possible to the south-west angle of the town. Thus it is described in a manuscript draft of Lieutenant Mascal's in Mr. Dalrymple's possession. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ p. 401 « 6. ?Pόγoνιν A, ?Pώγονιν BCD, ?Pώγωνιν L; ?Pογόμανις Ptolemæus VI, 4; Rogomanis ap. Ammian. Mare. XXIII, 6, 41: Maximi ( sc. Persidis) fluvii sunt Vatrachites, Rhogomanis et Brisoana atgue Bagrada, ex quibus Vatrachites ignotus. Rhogonis est fluvius ad cujus ostium Bender Rig ( Rigk, Rech, Reig, Reeg). V. Thevenot Voy. V, p. 535; Kinneir Mem. p. 57: Niebuhr. I. 1.; Gosselin III, p. 81; Vincent. II, p. 4o1; Ritter VIII, p. 134. [6. ?Pώγονιν A, ?Pώγονιν BCD, ?Pώγωνιν L; Ptolemy VI, 4; Rogomanius ap. Ammian Mare XXIII, 6, 41: The greatest (sc. Persians) rivers are the Vatrachites, the Rhogomanis and the Brisoana as far as Bagrada, of which the Vatrachites are unknown. Rhogonis is a river at the mouth of which Bender Rig (Rigk, Rech, Reig, Reeg). V. Thevenot Voy. V, p. 535; Kinneir Mem. p. 57: Niebuhr. I. 1.; Gosselin III, p. 81; Vincent II, p. 4o1; Ritter VIII, p. 134] » #2730 Karl Müller, Geographi graeci minores, Editore Ambrosia Firmin Didot, Paris, 1855, ~ vol. 1 p. 364 « Rhogonis torrens (Arian) » in {map#1083 Abrianus nicomedensis.tab XV Nearchi navigatio ab Indo ad Euphratem, Karl Müller, 1882, #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882 ~} « At 10 h. A.M. the hills came close to the road, which here forms the boundary between the district of Fahliyán and the territories of the Mamásení of the tribe of Rustem. But before I take leave of the valley of Sha'b-beván, I will add a few words on the river by which it is watered. The Ab-shúr, or Shekerab, rises in the snowy mountains of Ardekán, to the E. and N.E. of Kal'eh Sefíd, and passes through the whole length of the above-named valley, winding from E. to W. It then forces its way through the hills to the W. of Fahliyán, and having joined the river of Behrám, crosses the wild tracts called Mohur, and discharges its waters into the Persian Gulf at, I believe, Bender Rig.(1) The Ab-shúr is not fordable everywhere; and the ruins of a bridge over it are still to be seen near Kal'eh Siyah. Its water, as has been already mentioned, is brackish. n. 1 The Rhogónis of Nearchus. (Arrian, Indica, vol. xxxix. p. 355; Vincent, Voy. of Nearchus, p. 370.) » #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~ p. 81 « Rhogonis » in {map#1141 Map to illustratr Baron Bode's route from Kazerun to Shushter, , 1841, #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~} « At the time of Alexander's eastern campaign, we find mention made of Mesambria, which is probably Bushir, and of the river Rhogonis, which is the same as the Genava.(2) fn. 2 Aru-guna (i.e. Pώγωυις) in Hamite Chaldee, and Gunáva in old Persian, signify the same thing, "the river of Guna." The Arab geographers usually write the name ali Jendbeh; but the old pronunciation of Gonava is now alone known in the country. It is just opposite to the island of Kharg, or Karrack. » #3041 Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society, Royal Geographical Society, London, 1855 - 1857 ~ p. 384 « Der nörd- liche Arm des Deltas stellt den Nahr Säbür vor, die südlichen Wasser- läufe die Mündung des Ratin, wo Tawwag-Taoxy liegt. Wenn die deutsche Karte von Andrae (Bl. 129 u. 130, redig. von Scobel and Friedrich) zu- verlässig ist, so ist das bei Bender Rig mindende Wasser kein besonderer Fluss, sondern der nördlichste Deltaarm, also wäre der 'Ρώγοις Nearchs der Nahr Sapür der arabischen Geographen, der Poάris aber der Nahr Ratin oder Rüd i Daleki. [The northern arm of the delta presents the Nahr Säbür, the southern watercourses the mouth of the Ratin, where Tawwag-Taoxy lies. If the German map of Andrae (pages 129 and 130, edited by Scobel and Friedrich) is reliable, then the water flowing into Bender Rig is not a special river, but the northernmost arm of the delta, so the 'Ρώγοις Nearchs would be the one Nahr Sapür of the Arab geographers, the Poάris but the Nahr Ratin or Rüd i Daleki.] » #3048 Herzfeld, Ernst, Pasargadae: Aufnahmen und Untersuchungen zur persischen Archaeologie, Klio, 1907 ~ p. 8 ※ SOURCE for Roganis « 12. onward sailing to the river Rogonis - 200 stadia. R(h)ogonis - Shirin or Ab-Shirin at Genava, near Bender-Regh (d’Anville 1764: 162); Khanbidak or Rig river (von Hammer- Purgstall 1825: 318); Bandar Rig, Rigk, Rech, Reig, Reeg (Vincent 1807: 389, Berghaus 1832: 38, de Bode 1843a: 81, n*); Genaveh (Rawlinson 1857: 284); Nahr Shapur of the Arab geographers, near Bandar Rig (Tomaschek 1890) » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 4 « 12. onward sailing to the river Rogonis - 200 stadia. R(h)ogonis - Shirin or Ab-Shirin at Genava, near Bender-Regh (d’Anville 1764: 162); Khanbidak or Rig river (von Hammer- Purgstall 1825: 318); Bandar Rig, Rigk, Rech, Reig, Reeg (Vincent 1807: 389, Berghaus 1832: 38, de Bode 1843a: 81, n*); Genaveh (Rawlinson 1857: 284); Nahr Shapur of the Arab geographers, near Bandar Rig (Tomaschek 1890) » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 4 « Roganis » in {map#1129 Map of Asia Minor Armenia and Koordistan, , 1816, #3020 John Macdonald Kinneir, Journey Through Asia Minor, Armenia, and Koordistan in the Years 1813 and 1814, John Murray, London, 1818 ~} « Néarque répète enfuite un compte de deux cents flades, pour arriver à une rivière, qu'il nomme Rogonis, où il trouve un port affuré. Ce port eft celui de Bender-Regh, que Thévenot qui s'y eft embarqué, décrit comme une manche longue et étroite, qui va en tournant, ayant fon iffue vers le fud-oueſt. Selon Néarque, Rogonis n'eft qu'une petite rivière, et cependant Ptolémée paroit en avoir connoiffance entre les rivières qui tombent dans le golfe Perfique, marquant pour la première depuis le terme de la Sufiane, celle qu'il nomme Rogomanes. Le géographe Turc fait mention dans ce canton d'une rivière, qu'il dit être grande et peu guéable, et dont le nom eft Shirin. On trouve le paffage de la même rivière dans la marche de Timur, du Khoziftan dans le Fars, felon l'hiftorien Perfan qui a écrit la vie de ce conquérant Tartare. L'embouchûre d'Ab Shirin, ou de cette rivière de Shirin, eft à Gennala, felon le Géographe que je viens de citer. J'ai une carte manufcrite du golfe, qui marque une forterefie en cet endroit, et où le nom du lieu eſt écrit Bender-Guenara, en tenant la place de Gennaba, et ce n'eſt pas le feul nom propre qui fuit ainfi altéré dans les cartes du golfe en général. On pourroit fuppofer, que la manche du Bender-Regh, qui tend vers Gennaba, reçoit quelque bras détaché de la rivière défignée ci-deffus. Le nom de Bender-Regh fignifie proprement port de fable, et le canal de rivière qui s'y rend ne prend le nom de Rogonis que parce qu'il communique avec ce port, laiffant à la rivière dont dé- rive ce canal, le nom qui peut lui être propre. [Nearchus repeats the flight of two hundred stadiums, to arrive at a river, which he names Rogonis, where he finds a well-equipped port. This port is that of Bender-Regh, which Thévenot, who embarked there, describes as a long and narrow sleeve, which turns, having its direction towards the west. According to Nearchus, Rogonis is only a small river, and yet Ptolemy appears to have knowledge of it among the rivers which fall into the Persian Gulf, marking for the first since the end of the Susiana, the one he calls Rogomanes. The Turkish geographer mentions in this canton a river, which he says is large and not easily fordable, and whose name is Shirin. We find the passage of the same river in the march of Timur, from Khozistan to Fars, according to the Persian historian who wrote the life of this Tartar conqueror. The mouth of Ab Shirin, or of this river Shirin, is at Gennala, according to the Geographer I have just cited. I have a handwritten map of the gulf, which marks a fortress in this place, and where the name of the place is written Bender-Guenara, taking the place of Gennaba, and it is not the proper name which is thus altered in Gulf maps in general. It could be assumed that the sleeve of the Bender-Regh, which tends towards Gennaba, receives some branch detached from the river below. The name of Bender-Regh properly represents the port of fable, and the river canal which goes there takes the name of Rogonis only because it communicates with this port, connecting it to the river from which this canal derives, the name which may be specific to it.] » #2907 M. d'Anville, Recherches ge´ographiques sur le golfe Persique, et sur les bouches de l'Euphrate et du Tigre. In Mémoires de Littérature, Tirés des Registres de l'Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Tome Trentième., De l'imprimerie Royale, Paris, 1764, pp. 132-197 ~ pp. 162-3 Rigan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081135 coordinate: lat 28.649375 long 59.019818 NIMA/GNS names: Rigan , ریگان , VARIANT names: Rigan , Righan , ※ SOURCE for Righan #895 pp.313-4 Right Bank Hari Rud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.28554 long 62.193317 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Hari Rud , Right Bank Hari Rud , ※ SOURCE for Hari Rud « 36. Hari Rud (4 miles 4 furlongs-397 miles 4 furlongs). » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335 ※ SOURCE for Right Bank Hari Rud « 26. Right Bank Hari Rud (4 miles 4 furlongs-364 miles 3 furlongs). -Water good. This spot is but 3 miles from Herat and within reach of the bazaars of the city. The road fords the Hari Rud river running in several channels over a wide shingly bed. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 Right Bank of Farah Rud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.647779 long 62.492848 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Right Bank of Farah Rud , ※ SOURCE for Right Bank of Farah Rud « 19. Right Bank of Farah Rud (1 mile 3 furlongs-236 miles 5 furlongs). Water of great purity from the river; forage not plentiful. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 333 Rishgir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.553661 long 55.844222 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: approximate position from Abbott's direction VARIANT names: Rishgir , ※ SOURCE for Rishgir « At 23½ m. the little fort of Rishghir bore 210°, one mile off; and at the 24th we reached the hamlet Mahomedabad, and immediately got on to the high-road between Yezd and Bunder Abassi; thence 1½ mile beyond brought us to a large round tower and village huts, known as Aliabad, a little to the right of the main road we were on. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 61 river : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.215954 long 61.918935 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: river , ※ SOURCE for river « The 9th of August we went only one parasang to a river. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 215 « Farah Rud » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 29 Turkmenistan 1916} River Dundil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.447702 long 54.961962 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: River Dundil , ※ SOURCE for River Dundil « Then over fairly level ground; road good amongst low hills, until at 6 miles it enters a broad river bed by an easy descent. This is the River Dundil, which flows east; its water is salt; its bed is mile in width and is impassable in the rains. At 8¼ miles leave the stony river bed and pass over and amongst low hills. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 10 River Dundil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.447629 long 54.963436 VARIANT names: River Dundil , ※ SOURCE for River Dundil « At 2¼ miles cross the bed of a salt stream. At 2¾ miles cross a deep nullah with steep and stony sides, impassable to guns (requires cutting and ramping). Then over fairly level ground; road good amongst low hills, until at 6 miles it enters a broad river bed by an easy descent. This is the River Dundil, which flows east; its water is salt; its bed is mile in width and is im- passable in the rains. At 8 miles leave the stony river bed and pass over and amongst low hills. At 8¼ miles cross a small salt stream twice. At 9¼ miles descend over open ground towards Hormuz by a good road. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 10 river Hatil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.151297 long 57.917821 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: river Hatil , ※ SOURCE for river Hatil « river Hatil » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Isfandaqeh H-40V 1941} « Next morning soon after we started we came to the river Hatil, quite a real river for once, some 80 yards across, a muleteer waded across first to make sure that the ford was all right (the water wasn't more than 3 feet or so, but was swift and muddy) then we walked our horses over. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 10 Riz : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3196569 coordinate: lat 28.186492 long 51.88691 NIMA/GNS names: Jamm Rud , Riz , Riz Rud , Rudkhaneh-ye Cham va Riz , رودخانه چم و ريز , ريز رود , VARIANT names: Riseh , Riz , ※ SOURCE for Riseh « Riseh » in {map#1229 Iran and Turan Oder: Persien, Afghanistan, Balutschistan, Turkestan, Stieler, Adolf, 1875, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 13563.083} « Riseh » in {map#1235 in #3190 Alexander Supan, August Petermann, Hermann Haack, Nikolaus Creutzburg, Paul Langhans, Petermann's geographische Mittheilungen Ergänzungsheft, Justus Perthes, 1885 ~ fig. Übersichtskarte der Verkehrs-Verhältnisse von Persien.} Riz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081203 coordinate: lat 28.0525 long 52.0725 NIMA/GNS names: Riz , ريز , VARIANT names: Riz , Rizeh , ※ SOURCE for Riz « Riz » in {map#1172 Index Map to routes in Persia vol. IV part II., , 1922, [?308r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, f 308, in Qatar Digital Library} « RIZ (1) LAT. 28° 3' N.; LONG. 52° 6' E.; ELEV. 1,493. A village in the Dashti district of Färs, 119 miles south-east from Būshire and the eighth stage on the road thence to Bandar 'Abbas. It contains a small mud and stone fort, and about 150 houses of mud stone or mats. The inhabitants muster 500, of whom 100 are fit for service; they cultivate wheat and barley and own extensive date-groves, besides some small flocks of sheep and goats. The country is irrigated by streams and affords good grazing. Firewood is pentiful on this plateau, where there is more vegetation than in the plains of Khormudj and Shumbah. The village, which is situated in a grassy valley, about 3 miles broad, stands on the river Riz which furnishes it with a plentiful supply of good water. On the south side of the valley is the rocky Küh Bahram Shah which presents, for the most part, a cliff-like section with a lower range of gravelly hills, 500 feet high, at its foot. One mile north of the village are some low, rounded, sandstone hills. A good road fram Riz enters the hills east-north-east, and leads via Küh Baräftab to Pas-i-Rudak, 15 miles distant. Another road enters the hills slightly east of south-east by east and leads to Dad-ul-Mizan, 18 miles distant. The seaport of Daiyir lies about 23 miles south-south-west over hilly country. (Ross Butcher, 1888.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 p. 840 ※ SOURCE for Rizeh « Rizèh » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 492 Rizab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3081293 coordinate: lat 32.493994 long 55.043496 NIMA/GNS names: Rizab , Robat-e Zirab , Robat-e-Rizab , رُباطِ زيراب , ریزآب , VARIANT names: Cres , Rizab , ※ SOURCE for Cres « Den 8. Augufti giengen wir von hinnen/und musten in dem wisten Orte Cres, bey blos fem Waffer haushalten. [We left on August 8th and had to make do with only water in the deserted place of Cres.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 64 Robat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ independent coordinate: lat 29.384499 long 51.851332 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Robat , ※ SOURCE for Robat [Abbott's distances and bearings, below, lead to point location of lat 29.41178, long 51.825453 some 3.5 kms north of Robatak. PBR] « 260 to Balla Deh ... ¾ mile 325 to Robat ... The l5th mile led to the village Robat, a collection of huts and hovels, near which are two neatly-built stone forts, occupied by the families of Shah Husseirn and Shah Kuchek, two Seyeds, chiefs of the village, who, I was told, claim and obtain exemption from taxation in consideration of their descent.» #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 182-3 « Route No. I (n) – concld. … Robat, a village in the hills to the right, is reached at 15 miles. It is a collection of huts and hovels, near which are two neatly-built stone forts. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 313 « At 14 miles halt at Robat. Time, about 5 hours. Road good and passable to all arms, but heavy for guns across the Kavir for 1 mile.Robat, as already reported on by others, a ruinous village, contain-ing 150 people, fifty camels, 6 horses, 70 donkeys, 30 cows, 1,000 sheep, 500 goats. Water here is brackish. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ pp. 21-22 Robat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081236 coordinate: lat 30.246422 long 56.573988 NIMA/GNS names: Rabat , Ribat , Robat , رباط , VARIANT names: Robat , Robat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081284 coordinate: lat 30.047055 long 54.800916 NIMA/GNS names: Ribat , Robat , Robat-e Shahr-e Babak , رباط , رباط شهربابک , VARIANT names: Robat , ※ SOURCE for Robat « The next stage to Robát lay across absolutely bare level country, as we were approaching the great Kavir of Persia, which lies very high, the altitude of Robát being 6200 feet. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 78 Robat Andjireh watch tower : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.157135 long 54.485083 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Robat Andjireh watch tower , ※ SOURCE for Robat Andjireh watch tower « Der Wachtmurm: Typ: Zweigeschossiger Rundturm mit Wehrplattform. Innen kreuzförmig mit vier Eckräumen. Eingang im Ober-gachol, Innentreppen vorhanden (Abb. 72). Außerer Durchmesser 11,90 m, Höhe nicht bekannt. In Bruchstein-mauerwerk errichtet und teilweise verfallen. Die Wasserleitung in der Nähe des Acheckhaus besteht aus Tonrohren von 17.5 cm Länge und 15.5 cm äußerem Durchmesser (Abb. 75) [The watchtower: Type: Two-story round tower with a defensive platform. Interior cruciform with four corner rooms. Entrance in the upper gachol, internal stairs present (Fig. 72). External diameter 11.90 m, height unknown. Built of rubble masonry and partially decayed. The water pipe near the Acheckhaus consists of clay pipes 17.5 cm long and 15.5 cm in external diameter (Fig. 75).] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 51 Robat Caleh Siah-ye Qadim (Chaleh Siyah/Tchah-e Siah) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 32.834817 long 51.402327 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Robat Caleh Siah-ye Qadim (Chaleh Siyah/Tchah-e Siah) , Tchah-e-siyah Qadim , Tchalissiè caravanserail , ※ SOURCE for Robat Caleh Siah-ye Qadim (Chaleh Siyah/Tchah-e Siah) « Robat Caleh Siah-ye Qadim (Chaleh Siyah/Tchah-e Siah) (Taf. 9,1.2) (Abb. 12; 69) (55)Lage: 6 km südöstlich von Karavanserail Caleh Siah-ye Now und etwa 20 km nordwestlich von Karavanserail Anushirvan (Aminabad, Rundplatz im nördlichen Stadtgebiet des modernen Esfahan), in +1730 m ü.N.N., an der Karawanen-straße von Esfahan nach Golpayegan.Typ: Hofanlage mit vier Iwanen und Hofarkaden. Ton-nengewölbte, langrechteckige Räume auf allen vier Hofsei-ten.Abmessungen: 54 x 54m Außenabmessungen (ohne Por talvorsprung), 35 x 35 m Hofabmessungen. Höhe des Portal-baus 6,30 m, der Hoffassaden 5,70 m (Abb. 70).Baumaterial: Bruchsteinmauerwerk.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Die Ruine ist sehr stark verwüstet.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Der Bau ist nach Plan und Aufbau in sel-dschukischer Zeit, im 12. Jahrhundert, entstanden.An Einzelfunden aus dem Bereich des Robat Caleh Siah-ye Qadim liegen ein Randprofil hellgelbgrauen Tones und der Rest einer türkisgrün glasierten Ollampe (Abb. 71) vor.Das Robat ist auf drei Seiten von einer Mauer umgeben, wie Reste im Gelände verdeutlichen (Abb. 72). Es scheint ei-nen Vorhof vor dem Eingang in das Robat gegeben zu haben. Westlich neben dem Robat liegen die Trümmer eines weiteren Gebäudes, Spuren von Bauten sind auch im Osten erkennbar.Dort ist auch eine jahreszeitlich bedingte Quelle zu erwähnen (Abb. 72). fn. 55 Ebenda 57 ff. Die Schnitte und die Ansicht wurden am 11. 9. 1988 neu vermessen und an Hand der Aufnahmen von M. Siroux rekonstruiert. [Robat Caleh Siah-ye Qadim (Chaleh Siyah/Tchah-e Siah) (Plate 9,1.2) (Fig. 12; 69) (55)Location: 6 km southeast of the Caleh Siah-ye Now caravanserai and approximately 20 km northwest of the Anushirvan caravanserai (Aminabad, a circular square in the northern part of modern Isfahan), at +1730 m above sea level, on the caravan route from Isfahan to Golpayegan.Type: Courtyard complex with four iwans and courtyard arcades. Barrel-vaulted, rectangular rooms on all four sides of the courtyard.Dimensions: 54 x 54 m exterior dimensions (without portal projection), 35 x 35 m courtyard dimensions. Height of the portal structure: 6.30 m, of the courtyard facades: 5.70 m (Fig. 70).Building material: Rubble masonry.Structural features and condition: The ruins are very badly devastated.Inscriptions: None known.Dating: The building was built according to plan and structure in the Seljuk period, in the 12th century.Individual finds from the area of ??the Robat Caleh Siah-ye Qadim include a border profile made of light yellow-gray clay and the remains of a turquoise-green glazed oil lamp (Fig. 71).The Robat is surrounded by a wall on three sides, as remains in the area demonstrate (Fig. 72). There appears to have been a forecourt in front of the entrance to the Robat. To the west of the Robat lie the ruins of another building, and traces of construction are also visible to the east.A seasonal spring is also mentioned there (Fig. 72).fn. 55 Ibid. 57 ff. The sections and the view were re-measured on September 11, 1988, and reconstructed based on the photographs by M. Siroux.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ pp. 39-40 ※ SOURCE for Tchah-e-siyah Qadim « The La branche Nord franchit une faible hauteur de schiste noir. Tout de suite après un petit col éventé cette ancienne voie s'infléchit pour suivre le cours d'un ravin se perdant dans la plaine de Tchâh-e-Siyâh now. Dès le col on aperçoit les ruines d'un très ancien caravansérail : Tchâh-e-siyâh Qadim (site 4) qui révèle, ainsi que ses successeurs proches, la tragique histoire d'un point d'eau agonisant. Ce très intéressant monument qui date du début de l 'Islam, environné de traces plus anciennes, fut relayé 500 m. plus bas, par un autre caravansérail : également un tchâh-e-Siyâh d'époque mongole , appelé aussi Tchâhâr-Bordj (les quatre tours) (site 9) . Quand la source, malgré les efforts de captage, se fut révélée déficiente, 6 km. plus loin, dans la plaine alluviale, des ghanats furent forés par un Mi nistre de Châh Soleyman et en 1687 A.D., un des plus curieux caravansérails iraniens, Tchâh-e-Siyâh now y fut inauguré (site 27) (1). fn. 1Sur certaines cartes, ces monuments sont appelés, par erreur, Tchehelhessieh. Ces erreurs très fréquenteset qui gênent considérablement les recherches, sont dues aux transcriptions phonétiques de voyageurs ignorant la langue, auxquelles s'ajoutent celles faites au cours de la mise au net de notes hâtivement rédigées.[The northern branch crosses a low rise of black schist. Immediately after a small, winding pass, this ancient route bends to follow the course of a ravine that disappears into the Tchâh-e-Siyâh now plain. From the pass, one can see the ruins of a very ancient caravanserai: Tchâh-e-siyâh Qadim (site 4), which, along with its immediate successors, reveals the tragic story of a dying watering hole. This very interesting monument, dating from the beginning of Islam, surrounded by older remains, was replaced 500 meters lower by another caravanserai: also a Shah-e-Siyah from the Mongol period, also called Tchâhâr-Bor4j (the four towers) (site 9). When the source, despite efforts to capture it, proved deficient, 6 km further on, in the alluvial plain, ghanats were drilled by a Minister of Shah Sulayman and in 1687 AD, one of the most curious Iranian caravanserais, Tchâh-e-Siyâh now, was inaugurated there (site 27) (1). fn. 1 On some maps, these monuments are mistakenly called Tchehelhessieh. These very frequent errors, which considerably hamper research, are due to phonetic transcriptions by travelers unfamiliar with the language, to which are added those made during the editing of hastily written notes.] » #3345 Siroux, Maxime, Anciennes voies et monuments routiers de la région d'Ispahân, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1971 ~ p. 10 ※ SOURCE for Tchalissiè caravanserail « A la sixième farseng, on trouve à droite une petite cabane où sont quelques gar-des. Après avoir côtoyé une colline élevée, nous entrons dans une grande plaine déserte, et à trois heures et demie du soir, nous arri-vons au caravansérail de Tchalissiè. Ce vaste édifice, bâti par la grand'mère de Feth - Ali-Châh, est construit en briques. On m'a assuré qu'il avait coûté sept mille tumans. On y a con-duit l'eau d'une source qui sort du pied d'une montagne, à une demi-lieue de là vers le sud. [At the sixth farseng, we find on the right a small hut where some guards are. After skirting a high hill, we enter a large deserted plain, and at three thirty in the evening, we arrive at the caravanserai of Tchalissiè. This vast edifice, built by Feth-Ali-Châh's grandmother, is constructed of bricks. I was assured that it cost seven thousand tumans. Water was brought there from a spring that flows from the foot of a mountain, half a league away to the south.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 288 Robat Kalmard : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.49043 long 56.275287 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Robat Kalmard , ※ SOURCE for Robat Kalmard « Karavanserail Kalmard (Taf. 28,3 und 28,4) (Abb. 5 und 86) (101)Lage: 38 km südwestlich von Robat-e Gur (Kur) und 27 km nordöstlich von Robat-e Khan, an der Karawanen-straße von Neyshabur und Tabas nach Yazd.Am Ort sind ein älterer Bau (Robat), ein Karavan-serail, eine Wachtturm-Ruine mit 6,60 m äußerem Durch-messer, eine Zisterne und ein Ziegelbrennofen aus der Erbauungszeit des Karavanserails erhalten. Am Felsen öst-lich des Robats tritt eine Süßwasserquelle zutage (Abb. 86).1. Der ältere Bau (Robat) (Abb. 87)Typ: Hofanlage mit zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Iwanen, zwei Stallabteilungen, einem vorgezogenen, iwan-artigen Portal und vier runden Ecktürmen. [Kalmard Caravanserai (Plates 28.3 and 28.4) (Figs. 5 and 86) (101) Location: 38 km southwest of Robat-e Gur (Kur) and 27 km northeast of Robat-e Khan, on the caravan route from Neyshabur and Tabas to Yazd. An older building (robat), a caravanserai, a watchtower ruin with an outer diameter of 6.60 m, a cistern, and a brick kiln from the time of the caravanserai's construction have been preserved at the site. A freshwater spring emerges from the rock east of the robat (Fig. 86). 1. The older building (robat) (Fig. 87) Type: Courtyard complex with two opposing iwans, two stable sections, a projecting, iwan-like portal, and four round corner towers.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 63-4 Robat Olya : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081272 coordinate: lat 33.750208 long 49.766814 NIMA/GNS names: Robat Olya , Robat-e `Olya , Robat-e Bala , ربات اليا , رباط بالا , رباط علیا , VARIANT names: Robat Olya , ※ SOURCE for Robat Olya « Robat Olya » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 3 Karte Irans, Ausschnitt der Regionen Teheran - Esfahan - Shiraz} Robat Qaleh Kushk : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.055005 long 52.634065 VARIANT names: Robat Qaleh Kushk , ※ SOURCE for Robat Qaleh Kushk « Robat Qaleh Kushk » in {map#1180 Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars, , , #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~} « Titel: Qal'eh Kushk 1994-1999 - General view of architectural remains and the surrounding landscape at Robat Qaleh Kushk Bildnummer: D-DAI-EUR-TEH-DIA-AWK-27904 Bildautor/in: Wolfram Kleiss» at online reference link « Titel: Qal'eh Kushk 1994-1999 - Technical drawing of the caravansary of Robat Qaleh Kushk depicting a groundplan Bildnummer: D-DAI-EUR-TEH-DIA-AWK-27903 Bildautor/in: Wolfram Kleiss » at online reference link « Titel: Robat Qaleh Kushk none - Distant view of the qal'eh. Court type building without iwans Bildnummer: D-DAI-EUR-TEH-DIA-AWK-21028 Bildautor/in: Wolfram Kleiss » at online reference link « Das Robat Qal'eh Kushk (Taf. 25,4; 26,1-3) (Abb. 5; 204)Typ: Hofanlage ohne Iwan-Ausbildung, Einzelräume entlang der Außenmauer um einen Hof gruppiert. Im Hof ein Mittelgebäude. Lage in + 1630 m ü. N. N. Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Turmvorsprünge 58,50 × 53 m, Hofabmessungen 41 × 37 m, Gebäudehöhe etwa4,80 m. Das Mittelgebäude hat Außenmaße von 10,90 × 10,90 m.Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Sehr stark zer- stört.Inschriften: keine bekannt. Datierung: Frühislamisch bis vorsafavidisch. Im Bereich des Robat Qal'eh Kushk wurden einige helltürkisfarben glasierte Schalen und grauschwarz auf tür- kisfarbenem Grund glasierte Keramik (Abb. 205) gefunden.In der weiteren Umgebung von Tang-e Zandjiran ist ein Karavanserail Khanehfaqin überliefert, aber wahrscheinlich nicht mehr vorhanden. [The Robat Qal'eh Kushk (Pl. 25.4; 26.1-3) (Fig. 5; 204)Type: Courtyard complex without iwan formation, individual rooms grouped around a courtyard along the outer wall. A central building in the courtyard. Location at + 1630 m above sea level. Dimensions: External dimensions without tower projections 58.50 × 53 m, courtyard dimensions 41 × 37 m, building height about4.80 m. The central building has external dimensions of 10.90 × 10.90 m.Building material: quarry stone.Structural features and condition: Very badly damaged.Inscriptions: none known. Dating: Early Islamic to pre-Safavid. In the area of ??Robat Qal'eh Kushk, some light turquoise glazed bowls and grey-black glazed ceramics on a turquoise ground (Fig. 205) were found. In the wider area of ??Tang-e Zandjiran, a caravanserai Khanehfaqin is known, but probably no longer exists.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 113-115 Robat Qal'eh Sangi, südöstlich Hoseyndjeh : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.969668 long 51.153193 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qaleh-Sangui n'Allahvidjeh , Robat Qal'eh Sangi, südöstlich Hoseyndjeh , ※ SOURCE for Qaleh-Sangui n'Allahvidjeh « LE QALEH-SANGUI n' ALLAHVIDJEH (site 9, fig. 2 3) situé sur la même piste, une quarantaine de kilomètres plus loin, fut implanté sur le versant d'un petit col, non loin d'un ravin dont les eaux souterraines furent captées. Légèrement plus petit que le précédent (43,50 X 44,50 m.) il offre avec ce dernier beaucoup d'analogies et est construit exactement suivant les mêmes procédés; il est probablement dû au même constructeur . et on _ peut lui attribuer la même ancienneté (début XIVe J.C :). [The QALEH-SANGUI n' ALLAHVIDJEH (site 9, fig. 2-3), located on the same trail, about forty kilometers further, was built on the slope of a small pass, not far from a ravine whose groundwater was captured. Slightly smaller than the previous one (43.50 x 44.50 m), it offers many similarities and was built using exactly the same methods; it is probably by the same builder, and it can be attributed the same antiquity (early 14th century AD).] » #3345 Siroux, Maxime, Anciennes voies et monuments routiers de la région d'Ispahân, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1971 ~ p. 98 ※ SOURCE for Robat Qal'eh Sangi, südöstlich Hoseyndjeh « Robat Qal'eh Sangi, südöstlich Hoseyndjeh (Taf. 7.3.4) (Abb. 12; 62) (53)Lage: 26 km südöstlich von Hoseyndjeh, 14 km nord-westlich vom Karavanserail Cahar Bordj (Caleh Siah 2), in +1970 m ü.N.N., an der Straße von Esfahan nach Golpaye-gan, in Paßnähe.Typ: Hofanlage mit vier Iwanen, vier Stallabteilungen, kleinen Ecktürmen und vorgezogenem Portal.Nordöstlich des Stein-Robats liegen die Schuttwälle ei-nes Lehmbaus und zwischen beiden Anlagen die Ruine eines Steinbaus von 8 x 7 m Umfang, unbekannter Funktion und unbekannten Alters (Abb. 62).Abmessungen: Das Robat Qal'eh Sangi hat 44,50 x 43,50 m Außenmaße und 27,55 x 21,90 m Hofabmessungen (Abb. 63). Die Portalhöhe (ergänzt) beträgt 7,40 m (Abb. 64).Der Lehmbau hat etwa 35 x 35 m Außenmaße und 25 x 25 m Hofabmessungen (Abb. 62).Baumaterial: Bruchsteinmauerwerk.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Der Steinbau ist stark zerstört, der Lehmbau nur noch in Schuttwällen er-kennbar.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Vor- bis frühsafavidisch.Im Bereich des Robats wurde ein Bruchstück einer Wandkachel von 1,6 cm Stärke mit blauer Bemalung und dünner, schwarzer Umrandung auf weißem Grund, glasiert (Abb. 65), sowie eine größere Schale aus hellgraubraunem, grobem Ton und eine mittelgroße Schale, innen türkisfarben glasiert, gefunden (Abb. 65). fn. 53 Siroux, a.a.O., 98 ff. Das Robat wurde am 25. 9. 1989 in Schnitten und Ansicht aufgemessen. [Robat Qal'eh Sangi, southeast of Hoseyndjeh (Plate 7.3.4) (Fig. 12; 62) (53)Location: 26 km southeast of Hoseyndjeh, 14 km northwest of the Chahar Bordj caravanserai (Caleh Siah 2), at +1970 m above sea level, on the road from Isfahan to Golpayegan, near the pass.Type: Courtyard complex with four iwans, four stables, small corner towers, and a projecting portal.Northeast of the stone robat lie the rubble mounds of a mud building, and between the two structures are the ruins of a stone building measuring 8 x 7 m in circumference, of unknown function and age (Fig. 62).Dimensions: The Robat Qal'eh Sangi has exterior dimensions of 44.50 x 43.50 m and courtyard dimensions of 27.55 x 21.90 m (Fig. 63). The portal height (supplemented) is 7.40 m (Fig. 64).The mud building has exterior dimensions of approximately 35 x 35 m and courtyard dimensions of 25 x 25 m (Fig. 62).Building material: Rubble masonry.Structural features and condition: The stone structure is heavily damaged, the mud building is only recognizable in rubble mounds.Inscriptions: None known.Dating: Pre- to early Safavid.In the area of ??the robat, a fragment of a 1.6 cm thick wall tile with blue painting and a thin, black border on a white, glazed background was found (Fig. 65), as well as a larger bowl made of light gray-brown, coarse clay and a medium-sized bowl, glazed turquoise on the inside (Fig. 65). fn. 53 Siroux, op. cit., 98 ff. The robat was measured in sections and elevation on September 25, 1989.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ pp. 37-8 Robatak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081252 coordinate: lat 29.384499 long 51.851332 NIMA/GNS names: Rabatak , Robatak , رباطك , VARIANT names: Robatak , Robat-e Abu ol Qasem : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3827757 coordinate: lat 33.517322 long 50.342796 NIMA/GNS names: Robat-e Abu ol Qasem , رباط ابو القاسم , VARIANT names: Robat-e Abu ol Qasem , Robat-i-Abul , ※ SOURCE for Robat-i-Abul « At 20½ miles, after passing through fields of wheat, barley and opium, the village Robat-i-Abul, consisting of 40 houses, is reached. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 237 Robat-e Khan c. : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.366419 long 56.070453 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Robat-e Khan c. رباط خان VARIANT names: Robat-e Khan c. , Robat-i-Khan c. , ※ SOURCE for Robat-e Khan c. « Robat-e Khan (Taf. 29,I-30, I) (Abb. 5 und 89) (102) Lage: 27 km südwestlich von Kalmard und r8 km nordöstlich von Robat-e Ceshmeh Shotoran, an der Straße von Neyshabur und Tabas nach Yazd. 2. Das Karavanserail (Abb. 91) Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, drei Staliabtei_ lungen, Kuppeln über dem Eingangsbereich und Wind_ Turm an der Außenseite des Südflügels. Abmessungen: 51,80 x 51,80 m Außenmaße, 26,50 X 26,5° m Hofabmessungen, Gebäudehöhe 6 m. Baumaterial: Gebrannte Ziegel, in den Wölbungen mit Farbunterschieden.fn. 102 Die Gebäude in Robat-e Khan wurden am 3.3. 1976 vermessen. [Robat-e Khan (Plates 29, I-30, I) (Figs. 5 and 89) (102) Location: 27 km southwest of Kalmard and 8 km northeast of Robat-e Ceshmeh Shotoran, on the road from Neyshabur and Tabas to Yazd. 2. The Caravanserai (Fig. 91) Type: Courtyard caravanserai with four iwans, three stalia sections, domes over the entrance area, and a wind tower on the outside of the south wing. Dimensions: 51.80 x 51.80 m exterior dimensions, 26.50 x 26.50 m courtyard dimensions, building height 6 m. Building material: Fired bricks, with color variations in the vaults.fn. 102 The buildings in Robat-e Khan were completed on March 3. Surveyed in 1976.] » #1815 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2001 Band 7:Teil 6: ~ pp. 64-5 ※ SOURCE for Robat-i-Khan c. « After the animals had rested, we went on through a rather sandy tract of country to Robat-i-Khan, distant 39 miles from our starting-point. Robat-i-Khan is a small village, strongly fortified with a high toFer outside it, and a large caravanserai. There is a spring of brackish water which fills a tank. Some little distance off there is a fine haoz or reservoir containing sweet water. A great inany pilgrims mere collected in the caravanserai at this place in consequence of the petty official of the Khan of Tabbas, who was stationed here with a few mounted men to guard the frontier of Ichorasan, declaring that he hacl orders to prevent any one going on, as a band of marauding Biluchis had possession of the road a few miles from Robat-i- Khan. » #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.), 3:9:513-46 ~ p. 520 Robat-e Kur : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none NIMA/GNS dataset coordinate: lat 33.739429 long 56.496917 NIMA/GNS names: Robat Gur , Robat Kur , Robat-e Gur , Robat-e Kur , رباط گور , VARIANT names: Robat-e Kur , Robat-e Posht-e Badam Carvansary : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.016677 long 55.559121 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Robat-e Posht-e Badam Carvansary کاروانسرای رباط پشت بادام VARIANT names: Robat-e Posht-e Badam Carvansary , Robat-e Sefid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081281 coordinate: lat 35.782171 long 59.38889 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Robat Sefid , Ribat-i-Sefid , Robat Sefid , Robat-e Khakestari , Robat-e Sefid , رباط سفید , VARIANT names: Robat-e Sefid , Robat-e Shah `Abbasi : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: -3083896 coordinate: lat 33.298992 long 51.885303 NIMA/GNS names: Robat-e Shah `Abbasi , رباط شاه عباسی , VARIANT names: Robat-e Shah `Abbasi , Sardahan Shah Abbasi Caravanserai , Sardahone caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Sardahone caravanserai « The 25th we cam at night to Sardahone, a caravanscrow lying vpon the top of a hill. Here we picht, haueing traveled 7 lges. The water here is not verie good. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 67 Robat-e Shur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081286 coordinate: lat 33.861678 long 57.804254 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Robat-e Shur , Rabat-e Shur , Ribat-i-Shur , Robat Shur , Robat-e Shur , چاه رباط شور , رباط شور , VARIANT names: Robat-e Shur , Robat-e Shurab : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none NIMA/GNS dataset coordinate: lat 33.713443 long 56.47917 NIMA/GNS names: Robat-e Shurab , Shurab , رباط شوراب , شوراب , VARIANT names: Robat-e Shurab , Robat-e Toroq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081291 coordinate: lat 36.19553 long 59.621511 NIMA/GNS names: Akbarabad-e Toroq , Ribat-i-Turuq , Robat-e Toroq , اَکبر آباد طرق , رباط طرق , VARIANT names: Robat-e Toroq , Robat-i-Shahbed : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3387690 coordinate: lat 33.9430556 long 62.2355556 NIMA/GNS names: Kharaba-i- Qal`a-i-Sahbed , Kharabeh-ye Qal`eh-ye Shah Bid , Kharabeh-ye Qal`eh-ye Shah Bid , Ribat-i-Shahbed , Robat-i-Shahbed , VARIANT names: Robat i-Shah Bed , Robat-i-Shahbed , ※ SOURCE for Robat i-Shah Bed « 24. Robat i-Shah Bed (22 miles 2 furlongs-338 miles 7 furlongs).-Forage for camels and horses abundant; no supplies of any de-scription procurable. For 19 miles from the Adraskand the road ascends among hills, the elevation being 6500 feet above sea-level. Forage and water procurable the whole way. The road stony. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 333 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 24.422222 long 56.691944 † basis (unknown) VARIANT names: Rocac , Roçaque , Rosach , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Roçaque AT Fasiqa lat 24.422222 long 56.691944 [Dames], ※ SOURCE for Rocac Place names on west coast of the Musandam moving to the east: daba - dadena - corfacan - c. mocamdam - ma[da] - [2 illisibles / illegible] - çoar - mazcate - calayate - c. de resalgate. [the “2 illisibles / illegible” appear to read « nael » and « Rocac » in {map#830 "Welserkarte", Ribero, Diogo, 1530 Seville, Studienbibliothek Dillingen - Call number: Mapp. 1} see AHduGP map 17 and PMC vol. V pl. 523 ※ SOURCE for Roçaque « and beyond that [Coquiar] another called Roçaque, which has a fine fortress pertaining to the King of Ormus; which fortresses he maintains in order that he may have the power to wage war on these other places when they rise up against him. » « Roçaque (Rosach in Spanish version). This name cannot be found in any other authority, but it may, with great probability, be identified with the ruined and deserted nameless town a few miles from Sohár, which was passed by Col. Miles on the journey alluded to in the last note. The remains of towers and walls were visible, and popular tradition represented it as a former possession of the Persians. This may well be the fort held by the rulers of Hurmuz. A place called El-Tarsakah is shown on Badger's map on the coast just to the N.W. of Sohär. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.72 fn.1 « ROÇAQUE, porto de-Porto da costa ocidental do golfo de mão que Duarte Barbosa situa entre os de Orfação (Khor Fakkan) e Soar (Sohar). Não conseguimos identificá-lo com precisão, se bem que admitamos a possibilidade de estar em causa o porto de Hor-Kalba, em 25° 03' lat. N. e 56° 20' long. E. [ROÇAQUE, a port on the west coast of the Gulf of Oman that Duarte Barbosa places between Orfação (Khor Fakkan) and Soar (Sohar). We were unable to identify it precisely, although we admit the possibility that the port of Hor-Kalba, at 25° 03' lat, is at stake. N. and 56° 20' long. E.] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 114 ※ SOURCE for Rosach « and beyond that [Coquiar] another called Roçaque, which has a fine fortress pertaining to the King of Ormus; which fortresses he maintains in order that he may have the power to wage war on these other places when they rise up against him." Roçaque (Rosach in Spanish version). This name cannot be found in any other authority, but it may, with great probability, be identified with the ruined and deserted nameless town a few miles from Sohár, which was passed by Col. Miles on the journey alluded to in the last note. The remains of towers and walls were visible, and popular tradition represented it as a former possession of the Persians. This may well be the fort held by the rulers of Hurmuz. A place called El-Tarsakah is shown on Badger's map on the coast just to the N.W. of Sohär. #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.72 fn.1 « ROSACH, porto de - V. Roçaque, porto de. [Duarte Barbosa -Livro de. Versão da Biblioteca de Barcelona]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 114 Rock Shelter of Pir-Barreh : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.327528 long 52.706278 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rock Shelter of Pir-Barreh , ※ SOURCE for Rock Shelter of Pir-Barreh « The rock shelter of Pir-Barreh is located about 1km east of the village of Anjireh, north of Kavar at a height of 1888m above sea level, at the eastern end of the Pir-Barreh gorge (291939.1 N, 524222.6 E). The shelter is about 18m above the valley floor on the south side. The shelter is a rather large one with an area of about 46m2. The dimensions include a maximum depth of 3.90m, a maximum width of 19m (the entrance), and an approximate highest point of 10m. The shelter faces northwest. » #3372 Taher Ghasimi, Parsa Ghasemi, Arman Vafaei, Ebrahim Ghezelbash, Recent Rock Art Finds from North of Kavar in Fars, Iran, International Journal of Archaeology, 2016 ~ p. 10 rodkhaneh shor lahabri : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.8997 long 49.167431 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: rodkhaneh shor lahabri , Shurab , Shur-i-Labahri , Shur-i-Medresse , Shur-i-Zan-i-Murde , ※ SOURCE for Shurab « (7) The Shür-i-Labahri or Shürab. This river, the last of any size in this country, has its origin in the hills about Järû and the plain of Tulch (2,000 feet), all its feeders being of brackish water. This feature becomes more fully developed as the river pursues its course in a north-west direction, the air in the vicinity becoming redolent of naphtha. It waters the fine pasture tablelands west and south-west of Shishtar, and eventually empties itself into the Karûn River, about 8 miles north of that town (vide this Gazetteer, "Shürab. ") » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 p. 106 ※ SOURCE for Shur-i-Labahri « (7) The Shür-i-Labahri or Shürab. This river, the last of any size in this country, has its origin in the hills about Järû and the plain of Tulch (2,000 feet), all its feeders being of brackish water. This feature becomes more fully developed as the river pursues its course in a north-west direction, the air in the vicinity becoming redolent of naphtha. It waters the fine pasture tablelands west and south-west of Shishtar, and eventually empties itself into the Karûn River, about 8 miles north of that town (vide this Gazetteer, "Shürab. ") » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 p. 106 ※ SOURCE for Shur-i-Medresse « Winding along its eastern skirts we looked over a long valley of gypsum hummocks to a further mountain wall, and crossed several times the salt stream Shur-i-Labahri. This river flows north to the Karun: it is called by Schindler Shur-i-Zan-i-Murde in its lower, and Shur-i-Medresse in its upper course. The ridges which bound the valley are of naked limestone. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 547 ※ SOURCE for Shur-i-Zan-i-Murde « Winding along its eastern skirts we looked over a long valley of gypsum hummocks to a further mountain wall, and crossed several times the salt stream Shur-i-Labahri. This river flows north to the Karun: it is called by Schindler Shur-i-Zan-i-Murde in its lower, and Shur-i-Medresse in its upper course. The ridges which bound the valley are of naked limestone. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 547 Rodom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.989142 long 50.842314 † basis (unknown) VARIANT names: Rodom , Rudan , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Rodom AT Khur Sultani lat 28.989142 long 50.842314 [Lagoa], ※ SOURCE for Rodom « E dêste Cabo Nabão até vila Reixete, onde entra o rio Rodom, se faz a terra curva à maneira de enseada, na qual distância, em que haverá corenta léguas, estão estas vilas - Bedicane, Chilau, e o Cabo de Verdeitão. [And from this Cabo Nabão to Vila Reixete, where the river Rodom enters, the land curves like an inlet, in which distance, in which there will be a thousand leagues, are these villages - Bedicane, Chilau, and Cabo de Verdeitão.] » #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946, ~ vol. 3 p. 316 « RODOM, rio - Rio persa que propendemos a identificar com o afluente do Shur que se lhe junta próximo de Ahrom e desagua no Khur Sultani perto de Bushire (28" 59' lat. N. e 50° 46' longo E.). [RODOM, river - Persian river which we tend to identify with the tributary of the Shur which joins it near Ahrom and flows into the Khur Sultani near Bushire (28' 59' lat. N. and 50° 46' long E.).] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. O-Z p. 114 ※ SOURCE for Rudan « De ce cap Nabao jusqu’à la ville (vila) de Reixete (RaySahr), où se jette le fleuve Rodom (Rudan), la terre se fait courbe à la manière d’une baie, distance qui sera de quarante lieues, sur laquelle sont ces villes (vilas): Bedicane (Bidbün), Chilau (Silaw) et le cap de Verdeitao (Bardistàn) » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 101 Rohilla : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 29.229167 long 50.724167 VARIANT names: Rohilla , ※ SOURCE for Rohilla « ROHILLA-Lat. 29° 13' 45". Long. 50° 43' 27". Elev. To the south of Bandar Rig, and immediately north of the Bushahr creek, lies a flat corn-growing circle of some ten Arab villages, known as Rohilla; indeed, it may be remarked that, coming southward from the Chab territories, the plain, there wholly pastoral, becomes gradually patched with corn, until, towards Rohilla, large breadths are found under the plough. A fresh-water stream, fordable only in one or two places, runs through this district, which none the less depends solely on rain. It is traditioned that this Rohilla, or Rudhalla, river received a portion of the waters turned by the earthquake from the Kalil river of Ganawah, the remainder of that stream having burst northward towards Bihbahan, and found its exit in the Hindian, in an affluent of that river, meeting it near Zaitun, and in the southernmost tributary of the Jarahi. The outlet on the sea for the Rohilla produce is at Shiaf (q.v.), a small port on the northern shore of the Bushahr creek, about 3 miles distant from the nearest village of this circle. » #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ pp. 503-4 « Rohilla » in {map#1161 Route of H.M. Mission through Persia on 1809, , , #3070 James Justinian Morier, A Journey Through Persia, Armenia, and Asia Minor, to Constantinople, in the Years 1808 and 1809, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London, 1812 ~} « Rohilla » in {map#1121 Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, , 1850, #1334 Monteith, William, Notes on the Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, etc., Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857 27:108-19 ~} Rohilla river : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.227589 long 50.730775 VARIANT names: Rohilla river , ※ SOURCE for Rohilla river « ROHILLA-Lat. 29° 13' 45". Long. 50° 43' 27". Elev. To the south of Bandar Rig, and immediately north of the Bushahr creek, lies a flat corn-growing circle of some ten Arab villages, known as Rohilla; indeed, it may be remarked that, coming southward from the Chab territories, the plain, there wholly pastoral, becomes gradually patched with corn, until, towards Rohilla, large breadths are found under the plough. A fresh-water stream, fordable only in one or two places, runs through this district, which none the less depends solely on rain. It is traditioned that this Rohilla, or Rudhalla, river received a portion of the waters turned by the earthquake from the Kalil river of Ganawah, the remainder of that stream having burst northward towards Bihbahan, and found its exit in the Hindian, in an affluent of that river, meeting it near Zaitun, and in the southernmost tributary of the Jarahi. The outlet on the sea for the Rohilla produce is at Shiaf (q.v.), a small port on the northern shore of the Bushahr creek, about 3 miles distant from the nearest village of this circle. » #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ pp. 503-4 Rohilla river bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: BDGQ independent coordinate: lat 29.470899 long 51.339129 VARIANT names: Rohilla river bridge , ※ SOURCE for Rohilla river bridge « From Dulukkee the road winds round the hills and at one mile there is an ascent over a very nasty hill of shelving rock. It then enters a narrow rocky gorge for about three miles to the bank of the Rohilla river, which it crosses eventually at about the sixth mile by an excellent stone bridge of six arches. » #1795 MacGregor , Charles Metcalfe, Narrative of a Journey through the Province of Khorassan, and on the nw Frontier of Afghanistan in 1875, ~ vol. 1 p. 16 Rohni Chahar taq : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.650237 long 52.150208 VARIANT names: Anahita (Rahni) , Rohni Chahar taq , tahar taq Rohani , ※ SOURCE for Anahita (Rahni) « In the south of this four-arch complex, there are two other four-arch complexes called "Kharma" arches, one derived from the name of the nearest village, at a distance of 7 km, and "Anahita" (Rahni) arches, at a distance of 22 km. » #3391 Forouzan Shadrouh, Milad Vandaee, The Chahar Taqi Complex of Naqar-e Khan-e; مجموعه چهارطاقی نقاره خانه, Sasanika Archaeology, 2012 7: ~ p. 1 ※ SOURCE for Rohni Chahar taq « Geographical location of Rohni Chahar taq Farashband town is located in Fars province 172 kms to the west of Shiraz. It is 750 to 850 m above open seas level. This height has created hot and desert climate there, and most likely the climate of this region in Sassanids era was much more moderate, because it is very difficult to live there from June to October because of hot climatic conditions(Map.1).Remains of Anahita Chahar taq are located at northern altitude 28.39.02 and at eastern latitude 52.09.01 and 830 m above sea level. To have access to this work after travelling along the road from Farashband to Dahroom for 33 kms, we could observe this work(building) on the left side of the road, 200 m far from the road. The writer has managed to identify four other Chahar taq es along this route which each of them will be introduced in separate articles(Vandaee,2012:1-14). This Chahar taq is only a part of a large enclosure with appropriate dimensions of 60?120 m. on the east side of the enclosure, there is a seasonal river which is dry nowadays(Figer.1). Only the work accomplished so far in 1961 has been seeing Vanden berghe said(Vandaen berghe,1961:163-198). » #3103 Milad Vandaee, Roya Tajbakhsh and Gholam reza Maghsoudi, Sassanid fire temple Discovered in Ardašir Khore, Pars, Journal of American Science, 2013 vol. 10:3s:pp. 105-114 ~ p. 105 ※ SOURCE for tahar taq Rohani « Exactly the same details can be observed in an extraordinarily well preserved ruin which was discovered in the Rohani valley south east of Farrašband (Fig. 10). The general layout of the tähär tãq Rohani however shows a regularity and an intellectual sophistication, which very strongly points to layouts of islamic constructions. Moreover, next to the ruin there are large cemeteries, used until nowadays by the nomads, but obviously dating back to the middle ages, as several tomb stones and the ruins of small, square tomb buildings show. As there is no spectacular settlement in the rather arid valley which might justify the large cemeteries, it becomes very probable that they indicate, as usual in Iran, the site of an Islamic Saint's tomb. Huge cisterns and the traces of what might have been a lodging complex probably are the remains of accomodation for great numbers of pilgrims. » #3104 D. Huff, "Sasanian" Cahar Taqs in Fars, in: ed. F. Bagherzadeh, Proceedings of the IIIrd Annual Symposium on Archaeological Research in Iran, , Teheran, November, 1974, pp . 243-253 ~ p. 247 Rom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081524 coordinate: lat 33.44562 long 59.189824 NIMA/GNS names: Rom , Rum , روم , VARIANT names: Rom , Rum , ※ SOURCE for Rum « Rum is a small village at the foot of hills, with domed mud hovels, a fort of sun-dried brick and some protective stone walls. The population, now reckoned at from thirty to forty families, is reported to represent less than half the number it contained two years ago. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 77 Romeqan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081333 coordinate: lat 29.3767 long 52.1634 NIMA/GNS names: Rangun , Romeqan , Romqan , رمقان , VARIANT names: Romeqan , Rostak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786245 coordinate: lat 23.390833 long 57.424444 NIMA/GNS names: Ar Rustaq , Qal`at Kasra , Rostak , Rustaq , الرستاق , VARIANT names: Rostak , Rustaq , ※ SOURCE for Rustaq « Une forteresse, flanquée de huit tours, où peuvent s’enfermer des milliers de personnes, protège l’oasis de Sohar de la convoitise des émirs voisins 274. Des forts ou des enceintes sont signalés dans des localités plus modestes 275. Quryàt paraît n’avoir été pourvue d‘aucune clôture du côté des terres 276, peut-être parce que le caractère dispersé de l’habitat ne s’y prêtait point, peut-être aussi du fait que (( les seigneurs de la montagne sont en paix avec ces lieux, car ce sont les ports où passent leurs marchandises O, selon le dire de Correia 277. Des points fortifiés avaient été érigés sur la périphérie de Mascate, mais il ne semble pas qu’il y ait eu de défenses continues 278. On peut retenir comme indice négatif le fait que les demeures des riches recelaient une chambre secrète, où leurs biens étaient murés en cas d’alerte fn. 275 A Kalba, cf. Rarbosa, 1, p. 74. A Daba, cf. PMC, V, no 682, et Wilkinson (cite note 245 supra), p. 346; à Rustaq (“Roçaque”). Barbosa, 1, p. 72. fn. 276 Cependant Barros (IT/2-I, p. 46) y signale deux portes ouvrant sur la palmeraie. » [A fortress, flanked by eight towers, where thousands of people could be locked up, protected the oasis of Sohar from the covetousness of the neighboring emirs 274. Forts or enclosures are reported in more modest localities 275. Quryat appears not to having been provided with no fence on the side of the lands 276, perhaps because the dispersed character of the habitat did not lend itself to it, perhaps also because "the lords of the mountain are at peace with these places, because they are the ports where their goods pass O, according to the statement of Correia 277. Fortified points had been erected on the periphery of Muscat, but it does not seem that there were continuous defenses 278. can retain as a negative indication the fact that the residences of the rich concealed a secret room, where their goods were walled up in the event of an alert fn. 275 In Kalba, cf. Rarbosa, 1, p. 74. In Daba, cf. PMC, V, no 682, and Wilkinson (cited note 245 supra), p. 346; in Rustaq (“Roçaque”). Barbosa, 1, p. 72. fn. 276 However Barros (IT/2-I, p. 46) mentions two doors there opening onto the palm grove.] #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 2:IV/5:77-237 ~ p. 120 « "En quittant cet endroit et en allant vers Hormuz, il Y a une autre place sur la côte, appelée Coquiar ( Sohār) et ensuite Roçaque (3) où le roi de Hormuz possède un fort et, un peu plus à l'intériour, un endroit appelé Mael (version espagnole Mahel) et après vient le village de Profam (Khor Faghàn) (4) autour duquel se trouvent des jardins et des fermes où les Maures d'importance y passent leurs moments de plaisir". fn. (3) Nous pensons pouvoir l'identifier avec Rostâk, port très florissant jusqu1au XVIllº siècle, peuplé surtout par les Persans et probablement détruit lors de l'insurrection de la province de l'Oman et de sa séparation d'avec la Perse. fn. (4) D'après Yâkut, Khor Faghan était un petit village côtier de l'Oman placé entre la mer et la montagne . On y trouvait des palmeraies et des sources d'eau douce (Wüstenfeld II, p.489). Un auteur portugais qui écrivait presque cent ans après, Barbosa place la forteresse de “Orfaçao” à 12 lieues de Soar (Sohar) au 24°20'N. » ["Leaving this place and going towards Hormuz, there is another place on the coast, called Coquiar ( Sohār) and then Roçaque (3) where the king of Hormuz has a fort and, a little further inland, a place called Mael (Spanish version Mahel) and after that comes the village of Profam (Khor Faghàn) (4) around which are gardens and farms where the Moors of importance spent their moments of pleasure there". fn. (3) We think we can identify it with Rostâk, a very flourishing port until the 18th century, populated mainly by Persians and probably destroyed during the insurrection of the province of Oman and its separation from Persia. fn. (4) According to Yâkut, Khor Faghan was a small coastal village of Oman placed between the sea and the mountain. There were palm groves and fresh water springs (Wüstenfeld II, p.489). A Portuguese author who wrote almost a hundred years later, Barbosa places the fortress of “Orfaçao” 12 leagues from Soar (Sohar) at 24°20'N.] #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, Bruxelles, 1949 ~ p. 11 « ROÇAQUE, porto de - Porto da costa ·ocidental do golfo de Omão que Duarte Barbosa situa entre os de Orfação (Khor Fakkan) e Soar (Sohar). Não conseguimos identificá·lo com precisão, se bem que admitamos a possibilidade de estar em causa o porto de Hor.Kalba, em 25° 03' lato N. e 56° 20' longo E. » [ROÇAQUE, port of - Port on the western coast of the Gulf of Oman that Duarte Barbosa places between those of Orfação (Khor Fakkan) and Soar (Sohar). We were unable to identify it precisely, although we admit the possibility that the port of Hor.Kalba, at 25° 03' wide N. and 56° 20' long E, is at stake.] « ROSACH, porto de - V. Roçaque, porto de. [Duarte Barbosa -Livro de. Versão da Biblioteca de Barcelona]. » [ROSACH, port of - V. Roçaque, port of. [Duarte Barbosa -Book by. Version of the Library of Barcelona].] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ O-Z p. 114 and 115 Rostam Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.556679 long 61.247743 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rostam Castle , Rostaq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081381 coordinate: lat 26.887137 long 53.863064 NIMA/GNS names: Rastagh , Rostaq , Rowstaq , Rustaq , رستاق , VARIANT names: Rostaq , Rouechkeft : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.666525 long 52.436366 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: based on route crossing with river VARIANT names: Rouechkeft , ※ SOURCE for Rouechkeft « Rouechkeft, rivière salée à traverser, 5 [salt river to cross, 5] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 492 Roza Bagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3389249 coordinate: lat 34.2397222 long 62.2225 NIMA/GNS names: Rauzabagh , Rowdza Bagh , Rowzeh Bagh , Roza Bagh , VARIANT names: Rosabagh , Roza Bagh , Rozeh Bagh , ※ SOURCE for Rosabagh « 25. Rosabagh (21 miles-359 miles 7 furlongs). Good water from numerous artificial channels. Road attains elevation 7200 feet above sea-level falling further 2000 feet, and is good the whole way from the foot of the hills. The Rosabagh is a Royal garden planted with Scotch firs, now of great size and beauty. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 333 ※ SOURCE for Rozeh Bagh « 35. Rozeh Bagh (11 miles 4 furlongs — 393 miles). — Water plentiful from canals ; grass very scarce. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335 Ruckhaneh-ye Sirvan : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.233333 long 44.516667 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ruckhaneh-ye Sirvan , ※ SOURCE for Ruckhaneh-ye Sirvan « Sirvān, Ab-e: see Sirvän, Rückhäneh-ye STM 33°14'N 44°31'E » #2938 Gazetteer of Iran Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names, Defence Mapping Agency, Washington D. C., 2nd ed. 1984, ~ vol. K-Z p. 1632 Rud Diala : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3104864 coordinate: lat 33.2333333 long 44.5166667 NIMA/GNS names: `Ali Chalabi al Shaikhli , `Ali Shalabi ash Shaykhili , `Ali Shalabi ash Shaykhli , Ab Sirawan , Ab-e Sirvan , Ab-i- Sirwan , Aw-i Sirwan , Diyala River , Diyala Rud , Husain al Ghafus , Husayn al Ghafus , Mulla Muhammad , Nahr Diyala , Nahr Diyala , Rud Diala , Rud Diyalah , Rudkhaneh-ye Sirvan , Shirvan , Sirvan , Sirwan , VARIANT names: Rud Diala , Rud Khor : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3081484 coordinate: lat 28.878192 long 54.969738 NIMA/GNS names: Markaz-e Rudkhowr , Rud Khor , Rudkhowr , رودخور , مرکز رودخور , VARIANT names: Rud Khor , ※ SOURCE for Rud Khor « At 3¼ miles the ham-let of Rüd Khür, consisting of 24 huts. Here the cultivation ends. A road to Bandar Abbās runs from here over the Tang-i-Sang Atish, and it is along this same road that the route now lies to Katru, over gravelly open ground. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 41 Rud sciur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.364691 long 56.324765 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rud sciur , ※ SOURCE for Rud sciur « Al tramontar del sole facemmo di nuovo le- vata; e dopo aver camminato un pezzo, si arrivò di notte ad un fiumicello di acqua salsa, che i contadini di quel paese, in lingua loro chiamano appunto Rud sciur, cioè fiume salso, e bisognava passarlo. Ma noi, smarrita la via, penammo buona pezza e perdemmo qualche ora di tempo, prima in trovare il guado, e poi anche in rinvenir la strada, passata che fu [At sunset we got up again; and after walking for a while, at night we arrived at a river of salt water, which the farmers of that country call in their language Rud sciur, that is, salt river, and we had to cross it. But having lost the way, we struggled a lot and lost a few hours of time, first in finding the ford, and then also in finding the road, once it had passed.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 pp. 287-8 Rudan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079134 coordinate: lat 27.441937 long 57.19198 NIMA/GNS names: Bala Shahr , Bala Shahr-e Deh Barez , Deh Barez , Deh Bariz , Deh Dariz , Dehbarez , Qal`eh-ye Deh Barez , Qal`eh-ye Deh-e Barez , Rudan , Rugan , بالا شَهر , بالا شَهرِ دِه بارِز , دهبارز , رودان , روگن , قلعۀ ده بارز , VARIANT names: Rodun , Rudan , ※ SOURCE for Rudan #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7, 45:648-60 ~ p. 655 Rudbal-i-Sittajan : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.239383 long 52.112968 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rudbal-i-Sittajan , ※ SOURCE for Rudbal-i-Sittajan « From Shiraz to the coast districts (A'mil-i-Si), being 39 leagues. The first stage [from Shiraz] is in 7 leagues to Masaram, the second stage is 6 leagues to the Sittajan river-bed, the third stage is 3 leagues to Jirrah, the fourth stage is 4 leagues to Ghundijan, the fifth stage is 6 leagues to Rawn-adh-Dhiwan, the sixth stage is the sixth stage is in 6 leagues to Tawwaj, the seventh stage is 7 leagues to the coast.(1) fn. 1 Rudbal-i-Sittajan, "the river-bed of the Sittajau," appears to be the river otherwise called the Thakun (see above, p. 65, and cf. Ist. 130, 1. 6). Also it seems likely that the stages are inverted, and that Magaram should come after, south of, the river-bed. Rawa-adh-Dhtwän is identical with Ramm-Zavan already noticed (p. 43). » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ pp. 885-6 Rudbar : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.681259 long 50.424075 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rudbar , ※ SOURCE for Rudbar « The descent into the Rúdbár valley was abominable; nothing but mules and carefully led Persian horses could accomplish it without accident. It is quite as bad as the Karmanj Kotal on the Búshahr road, but fully twice as long. A road here would indeed be difficult, and for wheel traffic impossible. It remains to be seen whether such a road could be made further up the Rúdbár at Shalil, where there is said to be a bridge. The Rúdbár was easily fordable, 150 yards in width and 21 deep; it is a rapid and picturesque stream. We encamped on its banks. Altitude about 3,080. » #3461 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Routes in Persia, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1887 ~ p. 217 Rudbar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LCTY UFI: 10115581 coordinate: lat 33.4444 long 47.0291 NIMA/GNS names: Rudbar , رودبار , VARIANT names: Rudbar , Rudbar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081430 coordinate: lat 28.7191 long 52.6193 NIMA/GNS names: Rudbal , Rudbar , رودبال , VARIANT names: Rudbar , ※ SOURCE for Rudbar « Rüdbar …. 10 miles S.-E. of Firüzābād. Route No. 37. » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 167 Rudbar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 11333061 coordinate: lat 27.34503 long 55.498197 NIMA/GNS names: Rudbar , رودبار , VARIANT names: Rudbar , Rudbaz : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10401623 coordinate: lat 28.6687 long 54.4176 NIMA/GNS names: Rudbaz , Rudkhaneh-ye Gelal , Rudkhaneh-ye Rudbal , رودباز , رودخانه رودبال , رودخانه گلال , VARIANT names: Rudbaz , Rud-i-Ax-i-Bustam , ※ SOURCE for Rud-i-Ax-i-Bustam « We next crossed a river called the Rud-i-Ax-i-Bustam, which rises in a pool under a rock sculpture of Rustam, a few miles to the east of Darab. A masonry bridge called the Pul-i-Ilosu was our means of pasbage. » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 26 Rud-e Abgarm-e Siah Kesh : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11742810 coordinate: lat 27.215723 long 55.763394 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Abgarm-e Siah Kesh , رود آبگرم سياه کش , VARIANT names: Coriſtanze River , Rud-e Abgarm-e Siah Kesh , ※ SOURCE for Coriſtanze River « Den 9. dito reisde zyn Ed. namiddernacht van hier pas 3 mylen verre, quam aan de Coriſtanze rievier, was met de overtogt, wegens de zware afwatering, een halt uur bezig, trok daar op verder na Coriftan, daar zyn Ed. met het opgaan der zonne aanquam [On the 9th his Ed. travelled from here at midnight only 3 miles, arrived at the Coriſtanze river, was busy with the crossing for half an hour because of the heavy drainage, then continued on to Coriſtan, where his Ed. arrived at sunrise.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 272 Rud-e Alamarvdasht : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3052263 coordinate: lat 27.884979 long 52.5544 NIMA/GNS names: `Ala'marvdasht , `Alamarvdasht Rud , Rud-e `Alamarvdasht , رود علامرودشت , علاءمرودشت , علامرودشت رود , VARIANT names: Rud-e Alamarvdasht , ※ SOURCE for Rud-e Alamarvdasht « Rud-e `Alamarvdasht » in {map#1162 Figure 1. Location of the studied area in Fars province, , , #3072 The Effects of Morphotectonic on the changes of rivers profile (Case study: Alamarvdasht River, South of Fars Province, Iran), Quantitative Geomorphological Research, 5:2:pp. 37-52 ~} NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3193767 coordinate: lat 27.3 long 56.45 VARIANT names: Rud-e Baghun , Rud-e Chowsh : stream grp 39 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3058839 coordinate: lat 30.891111 long 52.334444 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Chowsh , VARIANT names: River Shadkam , Rud-e Chowsh , Rud-e Dalaki : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3059084 coordinate: lat 29.294722 long 50.915556 NIMA/GNS names: Dalaki , Dalaki Rud , Rud-e Dalaki , Rudkhaneh-ye Dalaki , VARIANT names: Rud-e Dalaki , Rud-e Dar ol Mizan : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3059549 coordinate: lat 28.1556 long 52.2781 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Dar ol Mizan , Rud-i-Dar al Mizan , Rudkhaneh-ye Dar ol Mizan , رودخانه دار المیزان , VARIANT names: Rud-e Dar ol Mizan , Rud-e Dasht-e Palang : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3060034 coordinate: lat 28.292 long 52.1564 NIMA/GNS names: Dasht-e-Palang , Rud-e Dasht-e Palang , Rud-i-Dasht-i-Palang , Rudkhaneh-ye Dasht-e Palang , رود دشت پلنگ , رودخانه دشت پلنگ , VARIANT names: Rud-e Dasht-e Palang , Rud-e Dez : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3061109 coordinate: lat 31.647683 long 48.878391 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Dez , Ab-e Dezful , Ab-e- Diz , Ab-i-Diz , Dez , Rud-e Dez , Rudkhaneh-ye Abdiz , Rudkhaneh-ye Dez , رودخانه دز , VARIANT names: Coprates , Dez River , Diz , Dizful river , Hithite , Hudhud , Idide , Rud-e Dez , ※ SOURCE for Coprates « I was able to obtain, from the summit of the principal mound, bearings by compass of a few of the principal landmarks and mountain peaks visible in the distance, and to trace the windings of the Dizful river, which approaches within a mile and three-quarters of the ruins. This river has been identified with the Coprates of the Greek geographers, and with the Ulai, or Eulæus, in the province of Elam, of the Book of Daniel. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 2 p. 304 « Susiana was intersected by numerous rivers which flowed either to the Tigris or Persian gulf, from the high mountain watershed whereby it was surrounded. Of these the principal were the Eulacus (Karin), the Choaspes (Kerkhah), the Coprates (river of Diz), the Hedyphon or Hedypnus (Jerrahi), and the Oroatis (Tab). » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1872, ~ p. 1050 ※ SOURCE for Dez River « The names of the ancient Dez River are clear. The Elamites of the late second millennium BC called it Hithite; the Assyrians of the seventh century BC used the cognate names Idide and Hudhud; and Greek and Roman writers employed the hydronyms Copratas and Coprates. » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ p. 26 ※ SOURCE for Diz « Susiana was intersected by numerous rivers which flowed either to the Tigris or Persian gulf, from the high mountain watershed whereby it was surrounded. Of these the principal were the Eulacus (Karin), the Choaspes (Kerkhah), the Coprates (river of Diz), the Hedyphon or Hedypnus (Jerrahi), and the Oroatis (Tab). » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1872, ~ p. 1050 ※ SOURCE for Dizful river « I was able to obtain, from the summit of the principal mound, bearings by compass of a few of the principal landmarks and mountain peaks visible in the distance, and to trace the windings of the Dizful river, which approaches within a mile and three-quarters of the ruins. This river has been identified with the Coprates of the Greek geographers, and with the Ulai, or Eulæus, in the province of Elam, of the Book of Daniel. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 2 p. 304 ※ SOURCE for Hithite « The names of the ancient Dez River are clear. The Elamites of the late second millennium BC called it Hithite; the Assyrians of the seventh century BC used the cognate names Idide and Hudhud; and Greek and Roman writers employed the hydronyms Copratas and Coprates. » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ p. 26 ※ SOURCE for Hudhud « The names of the ancient Dez River are clear. The Elamites of the late second millennium BC called it Hithite; the Assyrians of the seventh century BC used the cognate names Idide and Hudhud; and Greek and Roman writers employed the hydronyms Copratas and Coprates. » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ p. 26 ※ SOURCE for Idide « The names of the ancient Dez River are clear. The Elamites of the late second millennium BC called it Hithite; the Assyrians of the seventh century BC used the cognate names Idide and Hudhud; and Greek and Roman writers employed the hydronyms Copratas and Coprates. » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ p. 26 ※ SOURCE for Rud-e Dez [coordinate marks modern point of confluence of river Dizful from the west and Karun Rud from the north. PBR] Rud-e Farej : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3062694 coordinate: lat 28.233333 long 55.116667 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Farej , Rud-e Furg , Rud-i-Furg , Rudkhaneh-ye Furg , VARIANT names: Rud-e Farej , Rud-e Gamasiab : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3063818 coordinate: lat 34.1788 long 47.3467 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Gamasiab , Gamas , Gamaslab-Rud , Rud Gamasiab , Rud-e Gamasb , Rud-e Gamasiab , Rud-e Gom Asiab , Rudkhaneh-ye Gamasiab , Rudkhaneh-ye Gamasyab , Rudkhaneh-ye Gav Masiab , آب گاماسياب , رود گاماسب , رود گاماسياب , رود گاماسياب , رود گم آسياب , رودخانه گاماسیاب , رودخانۀ گاماسياب , رودخانۀ گاو ماسياب , گاماس , VARIANT names: Rud-e Gamasiab , Rud-e Gaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3063862 coordinate: lat 26.441337 long 57.056828 NIMA/GNS names: Gas , Gaz , Gaz River , Rud-e Gaz , Rudkhaneh-ye Gaz , رودخانه گز , VARIANT names: Gez river , Rud-e Gaz , ※ SOURCE for Gez river « 1-5 started again, and in an hour came tothe Gez river, a deep, swift-flowing stream, about 60 yards across-and running about 6 miles an hour. Tried it and found that itwould be impossible for laden mules to cross, so perforce had tocamp.I was told by some people who were about, that they have been stuck here for six days waiting for it to fall sufficiently to enable them to cross; rain, however, has fallen daily and prevented them. The water is now evidently decreasing, and we may be able to cross to-morrow, supposing no heavy rains fall during the night. Dis- tance 14 miles. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 31 Rud-e Hebleh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RSTP UFI: -3782900 coordinate: lat 35.36063 long 52.396007 NIMA/GNS names: `Arus-e Paran , Nim Istgah-e `Arus-e Iran , Nim Istgah-e `Arus-e Paran , Rud-e Hebleh , Rudkhaneh-ye Hebleh Rud , رود حبله , رودخانۀ حبله رود , عروس پران , نيم ايستگاه عروس پران , نيم يستگاه عروس يران , VARIANT names: Rud-e Hebleh , Rud-e Hendeyan : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3089552 coordinate: lat 30.067267 long 49.506415 NIMA/GNS names: Hendeyan , Hendi Jan , Hendian , Hindian , Hindijan , Rud-e Hendeyan , Rud-e Zohreh , Rudkhaneh-ye Hendijan , Rudkhaneh-ye Zohreh , Zuhreh , رودخانه زهره , رودخانه هندیجان , VARIANT names: Rud-e Hendeyan , Rud-e Kadan : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3195098 coordinate: lat 28.3 long 56.433333 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Kadan , Rud-e Kadun , Rud-i-Kadan , رود كدن , رود كدون , VARIANT names: Rud-e Kadan , Rud-e Kaneh : stream grp 15 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3069525 coordinate: lat 27.066667 long 54.3 NIMA/GNS names: Kana Rud , Rud-e Kaneh , رود كنه , كن رود , VARIANT names: Rud-e Kaneh , Rud-e Katiyeh : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3195348 coordinate: lat 30.219716 long 51.353618 NIMA/GNS names: Katya Rud , Rud-e Katiyeh , Rudkhaneh-ye Kati , رود كتيه , رودخانه کتی , كتي رود , VARIANT names: Rud-e Katiyeh , Rud-e Khas : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3195426 coordinate: lat 30.166667 long 51.633333 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Khas , Tang-e Khas , VARIANT names: Rud-e Khas , Rud-e Kol : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3072398 coordinate: lat 27.013049 long 55.763583 NIMA/GNS names: Kul , Rud Kul , Rud-e Gol , Rud-e Kol , Rud-e Kul , Rud-i-Kul , Rudkhaneh-je Kol , Rudkhaneh-ye Kal , Rudkhaneh-ye Kol , Rudkhaneh-ye Kol , Rudkhaneh-ye Kor , رود كل , رود كول , رود گل , رودخانه کر , رودخانه کل , رودخانه کل , VARIANT names: Rud-e Kol , Rud-e Mand : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3079618 coordinate: lat 28.091658 long 52.973427 NIMA/GNS names: Qareh Aghaj , Rud-e Mand , Rudkhaneh-ye Qarah Aghaj , Rudkhaneh-ye Qarah Aqaj , Rudkhaneh-ye Qareh Aghaj , رودخانه قره آغاج , رودخانه قره آقاج , VARIANT names: Rud-e Mand , Rud-e Mand : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3073886 coordinate: lat 28.142989 long 51.278802 NIMA/GNS names: Mand Rud , Mund River , Qara Aghach , Qareh Aghaj , Rud-e Mand , Rud-e Mond , Rud-e Mund , Rud-e Na , Rudkhaneh-ye Mand , رود مند , رود موند , رود نا , رودخانه مند , قر آغچ , قره اغاج , ماند رود , VARIANT names: Charactagh , Kakee River , Kara-Aghatch , Nahr Sakkan , Rud-e Mand , Sakan , Sakkan , Sekkan , Shadekan , Sita or Sita-reghian , Sitakos , Sitakus , Sitioganus , ※ SOURCE for Charactagh « The river Charactagh, rising in regions about Shapur, and passing through Khona Zuneon near Shiraz, runs within 30 miles of Ferozabad, and opens into the plain of Khormuj round the north of Khoe Namik, between it and the low sandstone range. It passes across the plain and opens into the sea at Khore Ze-arad, where it enters the plain of Khormuj: it is 120 yards wide, and on the day I crossed it it was 3½ feet deep; but it was said then to be unusually low, for at this season it is almost always necessary to cross it on a raft. It is here called the River Moon, and even now it is slightly brackish. Vessels of forty or fifty tons ascend it almost opposite to Kakee. A natural canal of brackish water, 12 yards wide and 2 feet deep, called the Shura, passes from near the hill of Aram down the centre of the plain and opens into the Moon. » #1195 Colvill, W.H., Land Journey along the Shores of the Persian Gulf, from Bushire to Lingah, The Geographical Journal, London, 1866-1867, 11:1:36-8 ~ p. 37 ※ SOURCE for Kakee River see source « Kara-Aghatch » ※ SOURCE for Kara-Aghatch « I may call the ancient Sitakan or Sitakos, and which at its upper part is named, in Major St. John’s map, the Kara-Aghatch (signifying “ black-wood ”). The identity of this with the river which flows, under the name of the Mand or Mund, or Kakee River, into the Khor Ziaret, in Dashti, may now be confidently asserted. It has, as laid down on the Haji’s map, a course of at least 300 miles, and no doubt, if followed up from mouth to source, the distance would be found much greater. » #1453 Ross, E. C., Notes on the River Mand, or Kara-Aghatch (The Sitakos of the Ancients) in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1883 (Dec.), New Monthly Series 5:12:712-6 ~ p. 712 « The name of the Kara-Aghatch River is explained by the people, even without asking them, by Chob-i-Siyah,' i. e. black-wood, which is a literal translation of the Turkish name; but besides this literal meaning, Karah-Aghaj' is the Turkish name for the elm-tree (Ulmus). As far as known, there is near the river no district or place which is called Kara-Aghatch, and from which its name could have been derived. But I think that the name must have originated from the fact that at some place near the river, most probably near its source, a greater number of elms is to be found, or was so in former times. » #2875 Lieut.-Col. E. C. Ross, Notes on the River Mand, or Kara-Aghatch (the Sitakos of the Ancients) in Southern Persia., Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, 1883 vol. V:712-716 ~ pp. 712-3 ※ SOURCE for Nahr Sakkan see source « Rud-e Mand » ※ SOURCE for Rud-e Mand « The Mund finally emerges from the hills in the Persian Coast district of Dashti, about 7 miles north of the town of Kaki, turning as it does to the north-western corner of Kuh-i- Namak. From this place it runs due west for 7 miles to the village of Chaghapur where it receives on its right bank the whole drainage of the Khurmuj valley. From Chaghapur it runs south for 17 miles skirting the inland flank of the Kuh-i-Mund, then swings round the southern extremity of this range and runs west for another 15 miles to its estuary, the Khor Ziyarat, which is 65 miles south-south-east of the town of Bushehr. At the point where the track between Khurmuj and Kaki crosses it, the stream is 120 yards wide and in winter is not as a rule traversable except on a raft; at times, however, even in that season, it is not more than 3 feet deep. Forty years ago (1865) it could be ascended by native craft of 40 or 50 tons burden almost as far as Kāki, and after rain it discharges a large volume of water into the sea. Craft of some size still navigate it to a point about 3 miles above Kāki. The water is slightly brackish even in the cold weather, and in summer it is unfit for human use unless in an emergency. Khor Ziyarat, which forms the river's mouth, is a small creek with low banks which can be entered by boats a high water, but the entrance is exposed. For a short distance to the north of this estuary and for some 20 miles to southward the coast of the mainland is swampy. fn. A monograph on this river by Dr. Andreas is contained in the Persian Gulf Administration Report for 1877-1878, pages 13-16. The Mund is the Nahr Sakkan of the medieval Arab and Persian geographers and probably identical with the Sitakus of Nearchus. See Le Strange's Lands of the Eastern Caliphate.» #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p.1271-2 ※ SOURCE for Sakan « 29. Another river is SAKAN in Pärs which rises in the mountains and the district (rusta) of Rüyagan; changing its direction it flows round the town Kavar (az girdi Kavar andar gardadh) and between Najiram and Siraf joins the Great Sea. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 74 « 29. See Minorsky, Mand, in El; now called Qara-aghach. Ruyagan corresponds to Ist., 120, Ruwayjan (read: Ruyajan). Kavar, now Kavar. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 212 ※ SOURCE for Sakkan « "As to the river 'Sakkan,' it issues from the lands (4) of El-Ruweyhant from a village called ‘Sha'fari,' the fields of which it waters. Then it flows to the district of Siah, and waters it; thence to Kewar, and waters it; thence to Khabr, and waters it; thence to El-Simakan, and waters it; then to Karzin, and waters it; then to a village named Sakk. And (the name of?) (5) this river || is referred to Sakk. Then it falls into the sea. Now there is no river of Fars more fertilising than this river.' (Edit. de Goeje, Leyden, 1870, p. 120. Comp. Ibn-Haukal, p. 191.) fn. 4 I have simply copied the text of De Goeje, without making any corrections. Instead of "El-Ruweyhan" I read with Edrisi "Ruijan," which is certainly connected with Rud, Ru in Bunru-siah now Siakh-Khabr, now Khafr.-F. C. A. fn. 5 "Rustak," a cultivated place, also border district.-E. C. R. fn. 6 Rustak. » #1453 Ross, E. C., Notes on the River Mand, or Kara-Aghatch (The Sitakos of the Ancients) in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1883 (Dec.), New Monthly Series 5:12:712-6 ~ p. 716 ※ SOURCE for Sekkan « 10. Sekkan - arose near ar-Ruwaikhan (Rudijan), near the village of Shadafri, flowed past Sijah, Khabr, es-Simakan, Karezin, Sekk (after which the river took its name), and emptied into the Persian Gulf; no other river in Fars was more useful for agriculture; known as the Kara Aghatch, and in its lower reaches as the Mun. Sekkan - the Sitakos/Sitioganus (Andreas apud Ross 1883: 726). » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ pp. 8-9 ※ SOURCE for Shadekan « 3. Shadekan - arose near Bazareng, entered the region of Tenbuk Muristan and Khan Hammad, watered the region of Zirabad, Nabend and al-Kahrkan, flowed by Dasht-e Destekan and emptied into the Persian Gulf; tributary of the Ab-e Zohra or Ab-e Shur which, with the Rud-e Shirin, formed the Ab-e Hindiyan, according to Tomaschek. Shadekan - ancient Sitoganus (Herzfeld 1908: 10); Ab-Shúr or Sheker-ab is the Rud-e Fahliyan from de Bode’s description (de Bode 1843: 79 and 81, ‘The Ab-shúr, or Sheker-ab, rises in the snowy mountains of Ardekán, to the E. and N.E. of Kal’eh Sefíd, and passes through the whole length of the abovenamed valley, winding from E. to W. It then forces its way through the hills to the W. of Fahliyán, and having joined the river of Behrám, crosses the wild tracts called Mohur, and discharges its waters into the Persian Gulf at, I believe, Bender Rig. The Ab-shúr is not fordable everywhere; and the ruins of a bridge over it are still to be seen near Kal’eh Siyáh. Its water... is brackish’); cf. Wells 1883: 152, ‘the river Shur or Fahlyun, which runs from Ardakhan’. » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 7 « There Andreas identified the Sitioganus/ Sitakos with the Kara-Aghatch, the Turkish name given to the Mand, Mund or Kakee River. … Interestingly, he took the Shadekan, identified by Herzfeld with our river, for the same as the Sitarejan of d’Anville, thereby negating Herzfeld’s entire argument (Andreas apud Ross 1883: 716). » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 12 ※ SOURCE for Sita or Sita-reghian « The identification of Pliny’s Sitioganus with Arrian’s Sitakos was made at least as early as 1764 by d’Anville. It was d’Anville, as well, who first posited the identification of this ancient river with the Sita or Sita-reghian and the Kaneh-Sitan maritime district, mentioned in the Jihânnumâ (1732) of the Turkish historical geographer Kâtip Chelebi (1609-1657) (d’Anville 1764: 158). This identification was later accepted by Vincent (1807: 386), von Hammer-Purgstall (1825: 317) and Forbiger (1844: 574, n. 28), whereas Herzfeld pointed to the Shadekan of Istakhri’s account as a more likely candidate for the Sitioganus/ Sitakos (Herzfeld 1908: 9). In doing so, he rejected the opinion of the eminent German Iranologist F.C. Andreas to which we now turn. » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 11 ※ SOURCE for Sitakos « your report of your trip to Shiraz. I see thereby that you too consider the 'Kara-Aghach' and the Khor-Ziaret' or Mund' to be the same river. With regard to the names by which the Kara-Aghatch river was designated in ancient and medieval times, I have collected, as far as it is possible without a library, all the passages and combined them together. The earliest mention of it occurs in reference to the voyage under- taken by the fleet of Alexander the Great from the Indus to the Euphrates, of which two accounts existed in ancient times, one by the admiral of the fleet, Nearchus, the other by the pilot of the fleet, Onesicritus. In the first, an extract of which is preserved in Arrian's Indica,' the Kara-Aghatch River is called (chap. 38) ‘Sitakus.’(1) In the second, from which Pliny (2)has borrowed some details, not directly, but secondhand, from a book of King Juba, the name assumes a slightly different form, 'Sitioganus. (3) The difference of the names 'Sitakos' and 'Sitioganus' is easily accounted for. It frequently happens that Greek writers, when they come across a foreign name which in its form bears some resemblance to the oblique case of a Greek noun, transform it into a corresponding Greek nominative. In this case Nearchus, no doubt, heard the name pronounced 'Sitakon' or 'Sitakôn,' and this would be in Persian ‘Sitakan,’ and he himself, or perhaps Arrian, accordingly formed a nominative Sitakos.' In 'Sitioganus' the us is a Latin ending. The g instead of k is due to a phonetic change very common in Persian, and can only be looked upon as a difference in pronunciation; the only real difference consists in the i following the l, but here a very simple and easy emendation gives the right form, viz. instead of 'Sitioganos' read "Sittoganos.' This form with double will be supported by another combination to be mentioned further on; so that Onesicritus has been a trifle more accurate than Nearchus or Arrian. fn. 1 This, and not Silakus, is the true reading, t and being often confounded in Greek MSS.-F. C. A. fn. 2 Nat. Hist., vi. 26. fn. 3 This is the reading of the best MSS. Some write Sitiogadus and Sitiogagus, which is wrong, but generally met with in older books.-F. C. A » #2875 Lieut.-Col. E. C. Ross, Notes on the River Mand, or Kara-Aghatch (the Sitakos of the Ancients) in Southern Persia., Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, 1883 vol. V:712-716 ~ pp. 714-5 « Sitakos » in {map#1029 Kaart van de Perzische Golf, ed. A. Hotz, 1907 (1645), #2863 Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ ( Kaart No. IV) after p. 545} « The second source is again found in Nearchos' itinerary, on the Persian shore of the Persian Gulf, at the mouth of the river Sitakos, identified with present Mand, where the fleet can profit of a large quantity of wheat, which had been gathered by order of the King (siton polun xunkekomismenon kata prostaxin basileos. XXXVIII. 8-9). The storehouse is not in a village or town, but at the mouth of a river, a geographical location which in traditional seafaring represents one of the most common anchoring: the passage therefore should not be translated, as it has been done by P. Chantraine 48, "they found a large amount of wheat gathered by order of the king for vict-ualling" ("Ils trouvèrent une grande quantité de blé réunie sur l'ordre du rois pour les ravitailler"), but rather "they found a large amount of wheat gathered by order of the King, so that they could victual" (os sfisin einai episitisasthai): this rendering is more logical also if we keep in mind that Basileus, King, usually refers to the Persian king. The wheat had not been gathered there for the fleet by order of Alexander (who was quite faraway crossing the inland plateau from Carmania to Persis), but the fleet found a storehouse where wheat had been gathered by order of the Persian King. It is therefore evident that we have here mention of one of the storehouses of the Achaemenid royal routes meant for giving food rations to those who travelled by royal order: this storehouse is located at an anchorage at the mouth of a river, and therefore is connected with a royal maritime route. The Macedonian fleet remained there 21 days, and had the possibility to repair the ships: this means the anchoring was also provided with some sort of carpentry workshop. To my knowledge, this is the first ever evidence of a maritime route in the Persian Gulf directly under Achaemenid control. » #3444 Callieri, Pierfrancesco, Maritime and Overland Routes around the Persian Gulf in the Achaemenid Period in Monumentum Gregorianum. Sbornik nauchnyx statej pamjati akademika Grigorija Maksimovicha Bongard-Levina, 2013 ~ p. 132 ※ SOURCE for Sitakus see source « Rud-e Mand » ※ SOURCE for Sitioganus « In the first, an extract of which is preserved in Arrian's ' Indica,' the Kara-Aghatch River is called (chap. 38) ' Sitakus.'(1) In the second, from which Pliny (2). has borrowed some details, not directly, but secondhand, from a book of Icing Juba, the name assumes a slightly different form, ‘Sitioganus.’ (3) The difference of the names ‘ Sitakos’ and ‘Sitioganus’ is easily accounted for. fn. 1 This, and not Silakus, ia the true reading, t and I being often coufounded in Greek MSS.-F. C. A. fn. 2 Nat. Hist., vi. 26. fn. 23 This is the reading of the best MSS. Some write Sitiogadus and Sitiogagus, which is wrong, but generally met with in older books.-F. C. A. » #1453 Ross, E. C., Notes on the River Mand, or Kara-Aghatch (The Sitakos of the Ancients) in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1883 (Dec.), New Monthly Series 5:12:712-6 ~ pp. 714-5 NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3195830 coordinate: lat 26.9297222 long 56.9416667 VARIANT names: Rud-e Mazavi , Rud-e Minab : stream grp 21 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3075047 coordinate: lat 27.008279 long 56.881125 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e Porav , Minab , Minab Rud , Rud-e Minab , Rudkhaneh-ye Minab , خور پراو , رودخانۀ ميناب , VARIANT names: Anamis , Andanis , Fu-li-la river , Harmozia , Menao , Minab river , Minab river , Minab river mouth , Mínao river , Mínaú river , Minaw river , Rud-e Minab , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Harmozia FOR Omana [Tarn], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Harmozia FOR Portus Macedonum [Tarn], ※ SOURCE for Anamis « Anamis, a river of Carmania, which is called Andanis by Pliny (vi. 25) river was called Harmozeia (Arrian, Ind. C. 33) the Anamis is the Ibrahim Rud (Rud = river) » #840 vol. 1, p. 129 ※ SOURCE for Andanis Anamis, a river of Carmania, which is called Andanis by Pliny (vi. 25) river was called Harmozeia (Arrian, Ind. C. 33) the Anamis is the Ibrahim Rud (Rud = river) #840 vol. 1, p. 129 ※ SOURCE for Fu-li-la river « Firth, "small boats ascend it two days and reach the country of Mo-lo » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 14 ※ SOURCE for Harmozia « Sailing from Neoptana or Karroon, Nearchus next arrived at a town called Harmozia, at the mouth of the river Anamis, near which the country was pleasant and agreeable, and abounded in everything except olives. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 274 ※ SOURCE for Menao « MENAO, rio-0 rio Minab, que desagua no estreito de Ormuz, a leste da ilha deste nome. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 261 ※ SOURCE for Minab river source in Dozdan river to the north ※ SOURCE for Minab river « The river is now called Mináb or Mináw, [n. Mínáb-āb (blue water), contracted into Mínáb, Mínáo, and Mínáú. - E.] and the country adjacent is termed by the natives the Paradise of Persia. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 274 ※ SOURCE for Mínao river « The river is now called Mináb or Mináw, [n. Mínáb-āb (blue water), contracted into Mínáb, Mínáo, and Mínáú. - E.] and the country adjacent is termed by the natives the Paradise of Persia. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 274 ※ SOURCE for Mínaú river « The river is now called Mináb or Mináw, [n. Mínáb-āb (blue water), contracted into Mínáb, Mínáo, and Mínáú. - E.] and the country adjacent is termed by the natives the Paradise of Persia. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 274 ※ SOURCE for Minaw river « The river is now called Mináb or Mináw, [n. Mínáb-āb (blue water), contracted into Mínáb, Mínáo, and Mínáú. - E.] and the country adjacent is termed by the natives the Paradise of Persia. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 274 Rud-e Pur : stream grp 20 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3196323 coordinate: lat 27.8 long 56.833333 NIMA/GNS names: Ahmadi , Ahmadi Rud , Rud-e Ahmadi , Rud-e Pur , Rud-i-Pur , رود احمدی , رود پور , VARIANT names: Rud-e Pur , Rud-e Ramachar : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3080765 coordinate: lat 31.795245 long 49.700332 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Ramachar , Rud-i-Ramachar , Rudkhaneh-ye Rameh Char , رودخانه رمه چر , VARIANT names: Rud-e Ramachar , Rud-e Samkan : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 146247 coordinate: lat 28.644444 long 53.161944 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Samkan , رود سمكان , VARIANT names: Rud-e Samkan , Rud-e Sang Zagh : stream grp 16 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11733461 coordinate: lat 27.966671 long 55.988163 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Sang Zagh , رود سنگ زاغ , VARIANT names: Rud-e Sang Zagh , Rud-e Sar Cheshmeh : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3082626 coordinate: lat 28.019722 long 52.105833 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Sar Cheshmeh , رود سر چشمه , VARIANT names: Rud-e Sar Cheshmeh , Rud-e Sar Gol : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3196734 coordinate: lat 32.983333 long 47.966667 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Sar Gol , Sar-i-Gul Rud , رود سر گل , VARIANT names: Rud-e Sar Gol , Sar-i-Gul , ※ SOURCE for Sar-i-Gul « Sar-i-Gul » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. I-39S Dizful} Rud-e Shatit (Karun Rud) : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3084654 coordinate: lat 31.648651 long 48.878508 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Shatit , Ab-i-Shatait , Rud-e Shatit , Rud-e Shoteyt , Rudkhaneh-ye Shatit , Rudkhaneh-ye Shoteyt , Shatit , رودخانه شطیط , VARIANT names: Blue River , Caron , Charon , Karun Rud , Pasitigris , Rud-e Shatit (Karun Rud) , Tiritiri , ※ SOURCE for Blue River « When Ibn Battuta visited Shushtar in the fourteenth century, he observed that the inhabitants of the area called the Karun River the "Blue River" (Nahr al_'Azraq).(145) This is a compelling indication that the cuneiform graph used to represent the ancient hydronym (ID UG-nu-ú, UG-né-e, etc,) should be transcribed as ID Uqnû (“lapis lazuli,” “blue”), and therefore that the river was known in antiquity as the “Blue River” as well. (146) fn. 145 See Le Strange 1930, 235. It is interesting to note that the water of the ancient Karkheh must have been greenish-gold in color. According to Pliny X (trans. DE. Eichholz) 1971 [1962], XXXVII.56.156, a semi-precious stone of this hue, which was called 'choaspitis,' was said to have been named after the river Choaspes and to have been of a brilliant gold color mixed with green; see also Pliny I (trans. H. Rackham) 1979 [1938], 137.56; and Isidore of Seville (trans. J. Oroz Reta, M.-A. Marcos Casquero) 1993, Etymologiae XVI.7.16: Choaspitis a flumine Persarum dicta est, ex viridi fulgoris aurei fn. 146 uqnû = "lapis lazuli" and by extension "blue" (see W. von Soden, Akkadisches Handwörterbuch, sub uqnû (m). "Lapislazuli, Lasurstein, Türkis'). The people of Mesopotamia used the word uqnû to specify the color blue, since the color words which they used to define the spectrum were ultimately based on semi-precious stones, such as lapis lazuli. » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ pp. 27-8 ※ SOURCE for Caron « ... when we entered into the River Caron, that comes from the Hills, above the Town Soufter, which is the Capital Town of Khufiftan, and was in ancient times the Town of Sufa where Abafueruserus held his Court. This River of Caron, muft be the Coafpes of the Ancients; nay they affured me, that there is ftill at prefent near to the Town of Soufter, a Hill called Choafp, where the River of Caron, which Sanfon calls Tiripari, Tiritiri, and Zeimare hath its fource, but what reafon he has for theſe names ...» #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thevenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687, ~ pt. 2 p. 153 ※ SOURCE for Charon see source «Tiritiri » ※ SOURCE for Karun Rud [Northern section of the Karun Rud - coordinate marks modern point of confluence of Karun Rud (here named « Rud-e Shatit ») from the north and river Dizful from the west. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Pasitigris « Therefore, the Copratas (Coprates) must be identifred with the ancient Dez (see Figs. 67 and 71, course 3), and the Pasitigris above modem Ahwaz must be identifred with the ancient Karun (see Figs. 67 and 71, course 1 + meanders 1b. (137) fn. 137 Apart from the question of whether or not the Eulaios and the Choaspes were separate rivers, the identification of the late-first-millennium BC names of the Karkheh, Dez, and Karun rivers was virtually settled by Long (1842, 105), Layard (1846, 92), and Loftus (1857) already in the mid-nineteenth century AD; see also the discussion in Potts 1999, 30-32. » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ p. 27 ※ SOURCE for Rud-e Shatit (Karun Rud) [coordinate marks modern point of confluence of Karun Rud (here named « Rud-e Shatit ») from the north and river Dizful from the west. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Tiritiri « Tiritiri fl. » in {map#1155 Persia Sive Sophorum Regnum, Blaeu (Willem And Jan), 1634, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Stock# 44360} « The Town of Susa was formerly the Metropolis of Persia, as it still is of Chusistan(141), and is situated upon the River Tiritiri, (142) or Charon,(143) about 60 Leagues towards the East of Bagdad fn. 141 Khuzestan. fn. 142 Thought to have been the modern name for the Eulaios or Choaspes (mod. Karkheh), the river that flowed by Susa (see Potts 1999 with full). bibliog. Thus Ortelius (1587: s.v. Evlævs), ‘Ptolemao et Plinio Susiane regionis fluvius. Tirititi videtur hodie vocari.’ According to Ferrari (1605: 11), ‘Choaspes Tiritiri fl. Susianæ ex Choatra M. Mediae in Tigrim se exonerans, Susaque Regiam irrigans’. Writing of the Choaspes, (Bruzen de La Martinière 1745/3: 1285) noted. ‘Der Herr de l'Isle sagt, man nenne ihn auch Hidaspes, und andere meynen, sein heutiger Nahme sey Tiritiri.’ The equation of the Tiritiri with the 'Charon,' i.e. Karun, however, shows that the Eulaios river (mod. Karkheh) is not meant here. fn. 143 Karun. This confirms that the town of Shushtar is meant by ‘Susa’, not the village of Shush further west. Cf. Hübner (1752: 555), "Suster oder persisch Tostar, am Flusse Caron, ist Ahasueri Residenz gewesen, und hieß vor Alters Susan. 143 » #3063 D.T. Potts, Agreeable News from Persia Iran in the Colonial and Early Republican American Press, 1712-1848, Springer VS, 2022 ~ p. 27 Rud-e Shekastan : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3084732 coordinate: lat 29.716275 long 51.482669 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Shekastan , Rud-i-Shikastan , Rudkhaneh-ye Shekastan , Rudkhaneh-ye Shulakestan , رود شکستان , رودخانه شکستان , VARIANT names: Rud-e Shekastan , Rud-e Shirin : stream grp 8 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: -3757688 coordinate: lat 28.864782 long 51.326605 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Shirin , Rud-e Shur , رود شور , رود شیرین , VARIANT names: Rud-e Shirin , Rud-e Shur : stream grp 4 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 14711519 coordinate: lat 29.461482 long 50.671482 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Shur , رود شور , VARIANT names: Nahr-ash-Shadhkan , Rud-e Shur , Shadhagan , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Rud-e Shur FOR Rhogomanis [McCrindle], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Rud-e Shur FOR Rhogonis [Vincent], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Rud-e Shur FOR Shadhakān [Minorsky], ※ SOURCE for Nahr-ash-Shadhkan « South of Siniz was Jannâbah (or Jannába), the ruins of which still exist, lying near the mouth of the river which the Arab geographers called the Nahr-ash-Shâdhkan. Jannabah according to Istakhri was extremely hot, and its creek (Khawr) was not a safe anchorage. The town was larger than Mahrubân and had excellent markets; further, it was celebrated as the birth-place of Abu Tahir the Carmathian. The Persians called the place Ganfah, or Ab-i-Gandah, from its foul water,' and four neigh- bouring villages lying on the sea-coast were counted as of its dependencies. The river Shadhkan rose in the Bâzrang district, and, passing through the Dastakân plain, flowed thence out to the sea. Which stream on the present map it corresponds with is not quite clear, but it must undoubtedly be one of the two short rivers which enter the Persian Gulf near Jannábah. In point of fact, however, no large stream now exists here, though Mustawfl especially states that this was a 'large river and not easily fordable, being nine leagues in length'; he therefore had in mind a stream of some considerable size. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ pp. 273-4 ※ SOURCE for Shadhagan « 31. Another river is SHADHAGAN which rises in the region (nahiyat) of Bazranj in Pars and flowing past the western corner of Tavaj joins the Great Sea. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 74 [compare above with following see source « Rud-e Shur ». PBR] « 31. According to Ist., 119, Shadhagan rose in Bäzranj (province of Arra- jän) and flowed to the sea through Tambük-i Müristan (province of Sabür) and Dasht-i Dastagan (the town of which was lie, § 29, 9.). Shadhagan is not mentioned in the Fars-nama. As suggested by Le Strange, o.c., 274, the river meant here may be one of the streams emptying themselves into the sea south of Ganawa. In point of fact recent English maps show a considerable river Rüd-i Shür of which the estuary is located 12 miles north of that of the Rud-i Hilla (= Shapur), and south of Bandar-Rig. The course of this little known river can be traced for some 60 miles northwards up to the parallel 30°. This must be the Shadhakān. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p.212 « 11. Tavaz or Tawwaj [Biruni, Canon, gives also the form Tava] lay on the river Ratin (now Rüd-i Hilla), probably near the junction of its head- waters coming from Shapur and Daliki, cf. Ist., 120. Cf. § 6, 30. and 31. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 377 Rud-e Shur : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 142915 coordinate: lat 27.985878 long 55.735568 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Ab-e Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Goleh Gah , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Goleh Gah , رود شور , رودخانه آب شور , رودخانه شور , رورخانه شور گله گاه , رورخانه گله گاه , VARIANT names: Rud-e Shur , Rud-e Shur : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10026606 coordinate: lat 29.7279 long 51.2564 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Garru , رود شور , رودخانه گرو , VARIANT names: Rud-e Shur , Rud-e Shur-e Dehram : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3085424 coordinate: lat 28.4654 long 52.3337 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Shur-e Dehram , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur-e Dehram , رودخانه شور دهرم , VARIANT names: Rud-e Shur-e Dehram , Rud-e Sur : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11727586 coordinate: lat 29.463559 long 51.467407 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Sur , رود سور , VARIANT names: Rud-e Sur , Rud-e Suz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 11090294 coordinate: lat 33.021122 long 55.542686 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Suz , رود سوز , VARIANT names: Rud-e Suz , Rud-e Taheri : stream grp 38 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10066407 coordinate: lat 30.895826 long 61.678886 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Taheri , رود طاهری , VARIANT names: Rud-e Taheri , Rud-e-Faryab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081469 coordinate: lat 29.250882 long 51.481276 NIMA/GNS names: Fariab , Pareyow , Rud Faryab , Rud-e-Faryab , Ruh Fariab , Ruh Faryab , پاريو , روح فارياب , رود فارياب , روه فارياب , فارياب , VARIANT names: Rud-e-Faryab , Rud-e-Kushk : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 221087 coordinate: lat 28.263889 long 56.499444 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e-Kushk , VARIANT names: Rud-e-Kushk , Rud-e-Shapur : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3084527 coordinate: lat 29.325559 long 51.100492 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Shirin , Rud-e-Shahpur , Rud-e-Shapur , Rud-i-Shirin , Rudkhaneh Shapur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shahpur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shapur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shirin , Sargardan , Seri Gardan , Shahpur , Shapur , Shirin , رودِ شيرين , رودخانه شاپور , رودخانه شاهپور , رودخانِۀ شيرين , سرگردان , شاپور , شاهپور , شيرين , VARIANT names: Rud-e-Shapur , Rüd-i Karikhlah : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 28.83389 long 52.495201 VARIANT names: Roud Karehléh , Rüd-i Karikhlah , ※ SOURCE for Roud Karehléh « Le ketkhoda qui a à faire à Firouzabad nous accompagnera luimême, et, à II heures moins le quart, nous nous mettons en route pourvus de bonnes montures. Après un trajet de quelques kilomètres nous traversons à gué une grande et belle rivière à l'eau limpide dans un lit pierreux, bordé de hautes berges, le Roud Karehléh. [The ketkhoda who has to do in Firouzabad will himself accompany us, and, at a quarter to two, we set off provided with good mounts. After a journey of a few kilometers we ford a large and beautiful river with clear water in a stony bed, bordered by high banks, the Roud Karehléh.] »#3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 178 ※ SOURCE for Rüd-i Karikhlah « Partis de Firūzābād, nous nous dirigeons vers la haute chaîne de Après la traversée du village d'Aminābād, nous passons à gué une large rivière, le Rüd-i Karikhlah; ensuite, longeant des champs cultivés ou laissés en friche, nous dépassons, à droite, les villages de Mushkün et de Naudaran. [Leaving Firūzābād, we head towards the high range of After crossing the village of Aminābād, we ford a wide river, the Rüd-i Karikhlah; then, skirting cultivated or fallow fields, we pass, on the right, the villages of Mushkūn and Naudaran.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 165 Rud-i- Muqam : stream grp 12 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3075730 coordinate: lat 26.880476 long 53.620323 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Moqam , Rud-i- Mugam , Rud-i- Muqam , Rudkhaneh-ye Moqam , Rudkhaneh-ye Moqam , رودخانه مقام , VARIANT names: Darabin R. , Rud-i- Muqam , ※ SOURCE for Darabin R. « My own opinion inclines to the latter; and if this should meet with the approbation of Oriental readers, we are obliged to Mr. Niebuhr for first producing the name of this range, which solves three problems at once; the Dara of Ptolemy, the Darabin of modern geography, and the Apóstani of Arrian, all from Dahhr-Asbân (209). fn. 209 Dahr, Daber, and Dabra, signifies a mountain, in the Ethiopic and several other Oriental languages. Dahr Asban is therefore Mount Asban. See Ludolphus. Abyssinia, book i. c. 4. book iii. c. 4. And Bruce passim. May not the primary meaning of Dahr be head, like our British Pen? and thence Rab-dahr, Choob-dahr, Ser-dabr, head or chief officers respectively? » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p. 382 « Darabin R. » in {map#1112 No. II Chart of the Gulph of Persia, Vincent, William, 1797, #851 Vincent, William, The voyage of Nearchus from the Indus to the Euphrates, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1797 ~} Rud-i Shur : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3085251 coordinate: lat 32.208751 long 49.172638 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Shur , Ab-i-Shur , Rud-i Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Ab Sur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Sur , Shur , Shur-e Lahabari , آب شور , رودخانه آب سور , رودخانه سور , رودخانه شور , شور , VARIANT names: Rud-i Shur , Rud-i Tang-i-Shu : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3090457 coordinate: lat 30.273206 long 51.252495 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-i Tang-i-Shu , Rudkhaneh-ye Kar Siah , Rudkhaneh-ye Shib , Rudkhaneh-ye Shiv , Rudkhaneh-ye Siah , Rudkhaneh-ye Tang-e Shib , Shiv , رودخانه سیاه , رودخانه شیب , رودخانه شیو , رودخانه کر سياه , VARIANT names: Rud-i Tang-i-Shu , Rud-i-Dar al MIzan : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 28.088944 long 52.298998 VARIANT names: Rud-i-Dar al MIzan , ※ SOURCE for Rud-i-Dar al MIzan « Rud-i-Dar al MIzan » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Firuzabad_H-39W_1948} Rud-i-Gabandi : stream grp 11 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3194660 coordinate: lat 27.383333 long 52.683333 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Gavbandi , Rud-e Kabnabdi , Rud-i-Gabandi , رود كبنبدی , رود گاوبندی , VARIANT names: Bagrada , Bagradas , Batradites , flumen Hyperis , Rud-i-Gabandi , ※ SOURCE for Bagrada « Both Ptolemy and Marcian fix the limits of Karmania at the river Bágrada ; but as they disagree with Arrian in carrying the eastern boundary to Mosarna and this river on the western border is not very clearly determined by modern geography, it will, if not essential , be some gratification to curiosity at least, » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p. 369 « Bágrada » in {map#1114 Wereldkaart in twee halfronden, Tramezzino, Michele, 1554, Leiden, Universiteitsbibliotheek, COLLBN 002-05-002,003} see AHduGP map 22 « mit dem Ankerplatz Nakhl- Hašin, reich an Palmen; weiter gegen SO. dehnt sich ein breites Thal mit mehreren Ortschaften aus, wie zu Nearchs Zeiten, und ein aus den Bergen kommender Frischwasserstrom Nâband- rôd, vielleicht Βαγράδας ποταμός des Ptolemäus, bewässert die Felder, Gärten und Dattelpflanzungen bis zum versumpften Küstensaum; C. Müller verlegt hieher auch den von Juba aus Onesicritus angemerkten,flumen Hyperis (cod. E Syperis) in medio sinu Persico, onerarium navium capax', doch kann damit der folgende Fluss von Bardistân gemeint sein.[with the anchorage Nakhl-Hašin, rich in palm trees; continue against SO. a wide valley with several villages stretches out, as in Nearch's time, and a stream of fresh water coming from the mountains, Nâband-rôd, perhaps Ptolemy's Βαγράδας ποταμός, irrigates the fields, gardens and date plantations up to the marshy coastal fringe; C. Müller also relocates here the flumen Hyperis (cod. E Syperis) noted by Juba from Onesicritus in medio sinu Persico, onerarium navium capax', but this may mean the following river from Bardistân.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ pp. 56-7 ※ SOURCE for Bagradas « Ptolémée plaça en effet le cap Armozon et l'embouchure du Bagradas (près de l'actuel cap Nayband, environ 500 km à l'Ouest) sur le même méridien. [Ptolemy in fact placed Cape Armozon and the mouth of the Bagradas (near present-day Cape Nayband, approximately 500 km to the West) on the same meridian. ] » #1812 ed. Dejanirah Couto and Rui M. Loureiro, Revisiting Hormuz: Portuguese Interactions in the Persian Gulf Region in the Early Modern Period, Harrassowitz, 2008, ~ p. 122 « Bagradas fl. | H?RL | between Persis and Carmania | Ptol. 6.8.3; RE 2 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, ~ p. 40 directory MAP 3 ASIA OCCIDENTALIS Unlocated Toponyms « Bagradas » in #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882, ~ map plate XV Nearchi Navigatio « Nabang en Cabo de Orgade | 359 | Ongenoemde ankerplaats. | Bagradas fl. [Nabang and Cabo de Orgade | 359 | Unnamed anchorage. | Bagradas fl.] » #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907, ~ tbl. De plaatsnamen door Roobacker genoemd en de overeenkomstige op oudere en nieuwere kaarten. After p. 380 « 5) In allen diesen Stellen haben die Codd. Μάκαρα, Μάκραν, Μά- καρος, Μάκρος u. s. w., allein da offenbar der bekannte Fluss Bagrada oder Bagradas gemeint ist, und auch Suidas v. Τενάγη denselben unter dem Namen Boυκάρας aus Polybios anführt, so lässt sich, bei der gros- sen Aehnlichkeit der Buchstaben und u, Schweighäuser's Konjektur, der überall Βακάρας oder Βάγρας edirt, wohl vertheidigen. Doch scheint die grosse Uebereinstimmung der Handschriften cher auf die Vermuthung einer doppelten Schreibart und Aussprache des Namens zu führen.[ 5) In all of these places the Codd. Μάκαρα, Μάκραν, Μάκαρος, Μάκρος etc., only because the well-known river Bagrada or Bagradas is obviously meant, and also Suidas v. Τενάγη cites the same under the name Boυκάρας from Polybius, then, given the great similarity of the letters and u, Schweighäuser's conjecture, which edits Βακάρας or Βάγρας everywhere, can well be defended. However, the great agreement between the manuscripts seems to lead to the assumption of a double spelling and pronunciation of the name.] » #2718 Albert Forbiger, Handbuch Der Alten Geographie, Mayer und Wigand, Leipzig, 1842-4, ~ vol. 1 p. 235 ※ SOURCE for Batradites « Ammianus Marcellinus named the four greatest rivers of Fars in the mid 4th century as Batradites, Rogomanius, Brisona and Bagrada (Book XXIII. 6. 41). The text does not, however, provide sufficient information to attach the names of these rivers to those present in modern Fars, with the sole clue being that they all emptied into the Persian Gulf. This point excludes the possibility of their being identified as either the Kor and Forvab rivers. Furthermore, no philological link has been drawn between these names and later names attached to the rivers by early Islamic geographers, making their approximate identification difficult. » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 46 see also #3088 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars Rivers (in Persian) in Proceeding of the 1st Conference of Historical Geography, Tehran-March 2015 (pp.651-668), ~ p. 654 « Bagrada/Batradites [name] | RL/RL [period]| RE Bagradas (2) [possible location] | AmmMarc 23.6.41 [reference] » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, ~ p. 1342 directory MAP 94 PERSIS « 41. Per tractus meridianos expansa post haec confinia litoribus proxima Persis habitatur antiqua, minutis frugibus dives et palmite aquarumque copia iucundissima. amnes quippe multi per eam ante dictum influvnt sinum, quorum maximi sunt Batradites et Rogomanius et Brisoana atque Bagrada.[41. Extending along the southern tracts behind these borders, near the shores of Persia, there was an ancient settlement, rich in small crops and palm trees, and a most pleasant abundance of water. for many rivers flow through it into the aforesaid bay, the greatest of which are the Batradites and the Rogomanius and the Brisoana and the Bagrada.] » #234 Ammianus Marcellinus, Ammianus Marcellinus … translated by John C. Rolfe, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1986, ~ LIBER XXIII, IV, 41 ※ SOURCE for flumen Hyperis « mit dem Ankerplatz Nakhl- Hašin, reich an Palmen; weiter gegen SO. dehnt sich ein breites Thal mit mehreren Ortschaften aus, wie zu Nearchs Zeiten, und ein aus den Bergen kommender Frischwasserstrom Nâband- rôd, vielleicht Βαγράδας ποταμός des Ptolemäus, bewässert die Felder, Gärten und Dattelpflanzungen bis zum versumpften Küstensaum; C. Müller verlegt hieher auch den von Juba aus Onesicritus angemerkten,flumen Hyperis (cod. E Syperis) in medio sinu Persico, onerarium navium capax', doch kann damit der folgende Fluss von Bardistân gemeint sein.[with the anchorage Nakhl-Hašin, rich in palm trees; continue against SO. a wide valley with several villages stretches out, as in Nearch's time, and a stream of fresh water coming from the mountains, Nâband-rôd, perhaps Ptolemy's Βαγράδας ποταμός, irrigates the fields, gardens and date plantations up to the marshy coastal fringe; C. Müller also relocates here the flumen Hyperis (cod. E Syperis) noted by Juba from Onesicritus in medio sinu Persico, onerarium navium capax', but this may mean the following river from Bardistân.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ pp. 56-7 Rud-i-Kur or Qain Piran : stream grp 25 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.024424 long 52.724617 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rud-i-Kur or Qain Piran , ※ SOURCE for Rud-i-Kur or Qain Piran « Rud-i-Kur or Qain Piran » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Shiraz H-39Q 1948} Rud-i-Ramachar : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3080765 coordinate: lat 31.795245 long 49.700332 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Ramachar , Rud-i-Ramachar , Rudkhaneh-ye Rameh Char , رودخانه رمه چر , VARIANT names: Rud-i-Ramachar , Rud-i-Shur : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3194572 coordinate: lat 28.6608 long 52.4022 NIMA/GNS names: Hanifaqan , Rud-e Firuzabad , Rud-e Shur , Rud-i-Shur , Rudkhaneh-i-Khan-i-Waqum , Rudkhaneh-ye Firuzabad , رودخانه فیروز آباد , VARIANT names: Rud-i-Shur , Rud-i-Shur : stream grp 5 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.653327 long 50.798255 VARIANT names: Rud-i-Shur , ※ SOURCE for Rud-i-Shur « Rud-i-Shur » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Bushire 444-d Rudkhanah-i-Duzdi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.762071 long 57.240604 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rudkhanah-i-Duzdi , ※ SOURCE for Rudkhanah-i-Duzdi « Rudkhanah-i-Duzdi » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Minab G-40D 1941} « Gradually through these barren and desolate hills, we reached the valley level 1400 to 1600 feet and the famous Rud- Khanah-i-Duzdi or "River-bed of Theft". It is cruelly significant of poor, waterless Persia that the language has no werd for "river" but only for "river-bed in which if you have luck you nay find a trickle now and then. The river-bed had been obvious even from a great distance of groups of palms scattered along its course saking a ribbon of comparative fertility in the barren plain. We campeo on the near side close to a little village, and in spite of the ominous name of the river we has nothing pilfered from our tents in the night.Hext morning we crossed the river-bed. There were a couple of little streams in it, but at our ford it was not more than 18” deep and only a few feet across. Since then our marches have been across the great valley over level easy ground. They have not been monotonous for the landscape is constantly varying with hill-ranges and new types of soil. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ p. 7 Rudkhane Kuchek : stream grp 28 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.690678 long 52.358457 VARIANT names: Rudkhane Kuchek , ※ SOURCE for Rudkhane Kuchek « Rudkhane Kuchek » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ Figure 9. Siraf (Scale 1:25,000.) p. 18 Rudkhaneh Rudan : stream grp 21 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3081422 coordinate: lat 27.279259 long 57.196055 NIMA/GNS names: Rudan Dezh , Rud-e Rudan , Rudian , Rudkhaneh Rudan , Rudkhaneh-i-Rudan , Rudkhaneh-ye Rudan , رود رودان , رودان د? , رودخانه رودان , رودخنه رودن , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh Rudan , Rudkhaneh Shapur : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.68534 long 51.142262 VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh Shapur , ※ SOURCE for Rudkhaneh Shapur « Rudkhaneh Shapur » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Shiraz 444-c Rudkhaneh Sheykh Ahmad : stream grp 39 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3084820 coordinate: lat 30.996507 long 52.228143 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh Sheykh Ahmad , Rudkhaneh-ye Baba Sheykh Ahmad , رودخانه بابا شیخ احمد , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh Sheykh Ahmad , Rudkhaneh-e Ahram : stream grp 8 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10026404 coordinate: lat 28.87977 long 51.302288 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-e Ahram , Rudkhaneh-ye Bahush , رودخانه اهرم , رودخانه باهوش , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-e Ahram , Rudkhaneh-i-Haliagan : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3065665 coordinate: lat 31.795256 long 49.699612 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-i-Haliagan , Rudkhaneh-ye Halayjan , رودخانه هلایجان , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-i-Haliagan , Rudkhaneh-i-Jagin : stream grp 21 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3067456 coordinate: lat 27.278366 long 57.196746 NIMA/GNS names: Jaghin , Rud-e Jagin , Rudkhaneh-i-Jagin , Rudkhaneh-i-Jagin , Rudkhaneh-ye Jaghin , Rudkhaneh-ye Jagin , جغين , رود جگين , رودخانه جغين , رودخانۀ جگين , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-i-Jagin , Rudkhaneh-i-Shirin : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.282489 long 51.948201 VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-i-Shirin , ※ SOURCE for Rudkhaneh-i-Shirin « At 3 miles passed the village of Baladeh, just before which a wide, shallow stream flowing S.-W., called the Rudkhaneh-i-Shirin, » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 313 Rudkhaneh-i-Shur : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3197005 coordinate: lat 28.6347 long 53.1578 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Faza , Ab-i-Fasa , Rud-e Shur , Rudkhaneh-i-Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , آب فازا , رودخانه شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-i-Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Ab Zari : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10045727 coordinate: lat 30.4261 long 50.6848 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Ab Zari , رودخانه آب زری , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Ab Zari , Rudkhaneh-ye Abd ol Ali-ye Khan Shur : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 14804208 coordinate: lat 29.270166 long 51.851811 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye `Abd ol `Ali-ye Khan Shur , رودخانه عبدالعلی خان شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Abd ol Ali-ye Khan Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Abnilu : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3076375 coordinate: lat 28.9901 long 52 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Nalu , Ab-i-Nilu , Rudkhaneh-ye Ab-e Nilu , Rudkhaneh-ye Abnilu , Rudkhaneh-ye Anbilu , رودخانه آب نیلو , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Abnilu , Rudkhaneh-ye Afarineh : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3051786 coordinate: lat 33.19966 long 48.1083 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Afarineh , Rudkhaneh-ye Afrineh , Rudkhaneh-ye Afrineh , رودخانه افرینه , رودخانۀ آفرينه , رودخانۀ آفرينه , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Afarineh , Rudkhaneh-ye Ahram : stream grp 8 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3757591 coordinate: lat 28.699098 long 51.570714 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Ahram , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Ahram , Rudkhaneh-ye Asiab : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10390884 coordinate: lat 27.877847 long 52.99319 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Asiab , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , رودخانه آسیاب , رودخانه شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Asiab , Rudkhaneh-ye Asiab : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3801738 coordinate: lat 34.45 long 47.583333 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Asiab , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Asiab , Rudkhaneh-ye Baghan : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3085887 coordinate: lat 28.235418 long 51.856113 NIMA/GNS names: Baghan , Rudkhaneh-ye Baghan , Rudkhaneh-ye Shirin , Rudkhaneh-ye Sirin , Rudkhaneh-ye Zaghan , باغان , رودخانه باغان , رودخانه شيرين , رودخانِۀ زاغان , رودخانِۀ سيرين , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Baghan , Rudkhaneh-ye Balut : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3055020 coordinate: lat 32.620043 long 49.01589 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Balut , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Balu , رودخانه بلوط , رودخانه فصلی بلو , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Balut , Rudkhaneh-ye Bardestan : stream grp 10 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3055480 coordinate: lat 27.840951 long 51.974918 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bardestan , Rudkhaneh-ye Debar , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Delvar , رودخانه دبر , رودخانه فصلی دلوار , رودخانۀ بردستان , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bardestan , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Rudkhaneh-ye Bardestan FOR Areon [Forbiger], ※ SOURCE for Rudkhaneh-ye Bardestan « So I did not stop at Kangān to look for any remains of the small Portuguese factory which is stated to have existed there for some time, but thought it safer to push on past the well-cultivated fields of Banak to the river. Though some 150 yards wide at the ford, the water was deep, reaching up to the camels' bellies. The crossing was safely effected by dusk, and Daiyir, 5 miles farther on, was reached in the dark. There was good reason to feel grateful for the timely passage of the river, for in the course of the night rain-for two seasons longed for in vain descended in torrents, flooding part of the ground near the fort of Daiyir where our tents had been pitched in the dark. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 232 The crossing made of the Rudkhaneh-ye Bardestan [indicated but river not named. PBR] in {map#1013 Map No. II Parts of the Provinces of Kerman and Gulf coast, , 1931-2, #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~} Section No. V Rudkhaneh-ye Basht : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3055726 coordinate: lat 30.302139 long 51.228032 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Basht , Rudkhaneh-ye Basht , رودخانه باشت , رودخانۀ بشت , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Basht , Rudkhaneh-ye Bastak : stream grp 15 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11321521 coordinate: lat 27.157245 long 54.231491 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bastak , رودخانه بستک , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bastak , Rudkhaneh-ye Baz : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3055836 coordinate: lat 28.612778 long 53.279167 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Baz , Rudkhaneh-ye Baz , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Baz , Rudkhaneh-ye Beyrami : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3056133 coordinate: lat 27.6065 long 53.0833 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Beyrami , رودخانه بیرمی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Beyrami , Rudkhaneh-ye Bid Zard : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10379058 coordinate: lat 28.4328 long 52.6372 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bid Zard , رودخانه بید زرد , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bid Zard , Rudkhaneh-ye Bon Ghureh : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 14419907 coordinate: lat 31.775084 long 49.833418 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bon Ghureh , رودخانه بن غوره , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bon Ghureh , Rudkhaneh-ye Bon Konar : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 14429956 coordinate: lat 31.864088 long 49.657941 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bon Konar , رودخانه بن کنار , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bon Konar , Rudkhaneh-ye Botgareh : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10424381 coordinate: lat 27.6765 long 54.7412 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Botgareh , رودخانه بتگره , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Botgareh , Rudkhaneh-ye Bozorg : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11805794 coordinate: lat 28.000183 long 52.138908 NIMA/GNS names: Jam , Rudkhaneh-ye Bozorg , جم , رودخانه بزرگ , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bozorg , Rudkhaneh-ye Bozorg-e Tembi : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 14229016 coordinate: lat 31.996909 long 49.139827 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bozorg-e Tembi , Rudkhaneh-ye Tembi , رودخانه بزرگ تمبی , رودخانه تمبی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bozorg-e Tembi , Rudkhaneh-ye Chah `eyni : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3766857 coordinate: lat 27.9086 long 52.5136 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Chah `Eyni , Rudkhaneh-ye Chah `eyni , رودخانه چاه عینی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Chah `eyni , Rudkhaneh-ye Chalak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3057761 coordinate: lat 26.780045 long 57.029052 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Chalak , رودخانه چالاک , VARIANT names: Chalak , Rudkhaneh-ye Chalak , ※ SOURCE for Chalak « We then started ?? again, crossing at it mouth a small stream, Chahlak it is called.??. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 30 Rudkhaneh-ye Cham-e Dehreh : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3057912 coordinate: lat 34.4676 long 45.7858 NIMA/GNS names: Cham-e Dahreh , Cham-e Dehra , Cham-i-Dirah , Rudkhaneh-ye Cham-e Dehreh , چم دهره , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Cham-e Dehreh , Rudkhaneh-ye Chanir : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3194170 coordinate: lat 28.54512 long 51.8769 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-i-Chinir , Rudkhaneh-ye Chanir , Rudkhaneh-ye Dasht Palang , رودخانه چنير , رودخانه دشت پلنگ , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Chanir , Rudkhaneh-ye Chekchek : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10437721 coordinate: lat 28.3753 long 55.0605 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Chekchek , رودخانه چکچک , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Chekchek , Rudkhaneh-ye Chenar Rah Dar : stream grp 18 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3058425 coordinate: lat 29.533333 long 52.55 NIMA/GNS names: Chenar-i-Rahdar , Chenar-i-Rahdar Rud , Rudkhaneh-ye Chenar Rah Dar , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Chenar Rah Dar , Rudkhaneh-ye Dalaki : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 14834673 coordinate: lat 29.413993 long 51.554032 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Dalaki , رودخانه دالکی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Dalaki , Rudkhaneh-ye Dalaki : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10026584 coordinate: lat 29.325718 long 51.101298 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Dalaki , رودخانه دالکی , VARIANT names: Khuyadhan , Rudkhaneh-ye Dalaki , ※ SOURCE for Khuyadhan « 30. Another river is KHUYADHAN rising from the district (nahiyat) of Khuyadhan in Pārs. It passes east of Tavaj and joins the Great Sea between Ganafa and Najiram. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 57 ※ SOURCE for Rudkhaneh-ye Dalaki « The lower course, the proper river of Tawwadj, is formed by the junction of two streams, the Shapur and the Dalaki Rud, rising both in the southwestern border mountains of the Persian plateau » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ IX:309b Rudkhaneh-ye Dalvar-e Abdari : stream grp 2 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3051262 coordinate: lat 29.939392 long 50.144852 NIMA/GNS names: Abari , Darreh Gap , Darreh-ye Abdari , Darreh-ye Gap , Rudkhaneh-ye Dalvar-e Abdari , Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Abdari , رودخانه دلوار آبداری , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Dalvar-e Abdari , Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Ab Chirak : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10045723 coordinate: lat 30.425 long 50.6481 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Ab Chirak , رودخانه دره آب چیرک , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Ab Chirak , Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Khoshk : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11732562 coordinate: lat 29.444729 long 51.184454 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Khoshk , رودخانه دره خشک , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Khoshk , Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Shahr : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3793815 coordinate: lat 33.172719 long 47.430718 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Shahr , رودخانه دره شهر , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Shahr , Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Sugar : stream grp 2 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10136711 coordinate: lat 29.9353 long 50.3519 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Sugar , رودخانه دره سوگر , VARIANT names: Brisoana f. , Brizana , Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Sugar , ※ SOURCE for Brisoana f. « Several correspondences with the rivers mentioned by Arrian are obvious: Oroatis = Arosis, Rhogomanis = Rogonis and Brisoana = Brizana. » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 6 « Brisoana f. » in {map#1114 Wereldkaart in twee halfronden, Tramezzino, Michele, 1554, Leiden, Universiteitsbibliotheek, COLLBN 002-05-002,003} see AHduGP map 22 « Brisoana f. (22 B, 69 B) : Mãnd » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006, ~ index p. 415 « "Next comes Ptolemy,(1) whose knowledge of the Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf is evidently based on log-books from the time of the Ptolemean dynasty in Egypt, and of the first Roman emperors. He mentions (2) at the place where we would expect the Khor-i-Ziaret, the mouth of the river Brisoana (Brisoana Potamon enbolai'). Brisoana must be in old Persian 'Berezvan ' Berezvana' (Epzend, or Berezvant), and signifies The Mighty' (river); the name being only 4 an appellative. Marcian Heracleensis copies faithfully Ptolemy. I am not aware that any other mention is made of the Kara-Aghatch River in Greek writers. "But the Arabic geographers know the river quite well, and described its course with great accuracy. It will only be necessary to quote Istakhri's Kitab ul Memalik val Mesalik.' (3) fn. 1 Second cent. p. Chr. fn. 2 Geog. vi. 4. fn. 3 Ibn-Haukal's ‘Kitab-ul-Mesalik' (Ar. text edited by De Goeje, Leyden, 1873) is only to be considered as a new edition of Istakhri, with additions and corrections. The passage on the rivers of Fars is almost identical in both.-T. C. A. » #1453 Ross, E. C., Notes on the River Mand, or Kara-Aghatch (The Sitakos of the Ancients) in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1883 (Dec.), New Monthly Series 5:12:712-6 ~ p. 715 ※ SOURCE for Brizana « 13. onward sailing to the river Brizana - 400 stadia. Brizana - Bender-Delem (d’Anville 1764: 165); Ab-e Shirin (von Hammer-Purgstall 1825: 318); Bandar Dilem [Deilam] (Berghaus 1832: 38); Shem Si-’arab river (de Bode 1843a: 85); Khor Sini, above Genaveh (Tomaschek 1890); Rud-e Shirin/Hindiyan (Herzfeld 1908: 8) » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 4 « Brizana » in {map#1129 Map of Asia Minor Armenia and Koordistan, , 1816, #3020 John Macdonald Kinneir, Journey Through Asia Minor, Armenia, and Koordistan in the Years 1813 and 1814, John Murray, London, 1818 ~} « aber auch Nearchs Βρίζανα erscheint hier in der Form Βρισοάνας T?τaμós; ebenso muss BRIXA plurimum limi deferens bei Plin. VI, § 136 auf diesen Torrens bezogen werden, dessen persischer Name etwa Brizâna, Brizavâna,der reissende, rollende' (rad. barh, brh) gelautet haben mochte. Weiter gelangen wir zu den Rinnsalen Khôr al-'Abd und Khôr Lûl et-teïn und zu der mit Sümpfen und Gangal bedeckten Sandspitze Ras at-Tanb 29º 58' N. 50° 9' 15" O. [but Nearch's Βρίζανα also appears here in the form Βρισοάνας T?τaμós; BRIXA must also be plurimum limi deferens in Plin. VI, § 136 can be referred to this Torrens, whose Persian name may have been Brizâna, Brizavâna, the tearing, rolling one (rad. barh, brh). Further we reach the Khôr al-'Abd and Khôr Lûl et-teïn rivulets and the swamp- and Gangal-covered sand peak of Ras at-Tanb 29º 58' N. 50° 9' 15" E.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 68 « The last river, probably the Brizana of Arrian, between Hissar and Bunder Deelum, is the least considerable of the four, and after a 'meandering course from the hills of Zeitoon, falls into the Gulf, eight miles S. E. of Bunder Deelum. » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ p. 58 ※ SOURCE for Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Sugar [ upper reaches of the « Rudkhaneh-ye Delvar-e Abdari » .PBR] Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Sur : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10045713 coordinate: lat 30.3789 long 50.5474 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Sur , رودخانه دره سور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Sur , Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh-ye Lar : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10136870 coordinate: lat 30.3497 long 50.3802 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh-ye Lar , رودخانه دره لار , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh-ye Lar , Rudkhaneh-ye Delvar-e Abdari : stream grp 2 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10136696 coordinate: lat 29.9579 long 50.2502 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Delvar-e Abdari , رودخانه دلوار آبداری , VARIANT names: Brizana , Rudkhaneh-ye Delvar-e Abdari , ※ SOURCE for Brizana « Brizana » in {map#1129 Map of Asia Minor Armenia and Koordistan, , 1816, #3020 John Macdonald Kinneir, Journey Through Asia Minor, Armenia, and Koordistan in the Years 1813 and 1814, John Murray, London, 1818 ~} ※ SOURCE for Rudkhaneh-ye Delvar-e Abdari [lower reaches of the « Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Sugar » .PBR] Rudkhaneh-ye Dezhgah : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3061769 coordinate: lat 28.1722 long 52.1282 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Dezhgah , Rudkhaneh-ye Dozgah , رودخانه د?گاه , رودخانۀ دزگه , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Dezhgah , Rudkhaneh-ye Dezhgah : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10334608 coordinate: lat 28.1645 long 52.3081 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Dezhgah , رودخانه د? گاه , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Dezhgah , Rudkhaneh-ye Dinvar : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3061218 coordinate: lat 34.3444 long 47.4188 NIMA/GNS names: Biluab Chai , Cham-i-Dinavar , Rudkhaneh-ye Dinevar , Rudkhaneh-ye Dinvar , رودخانه دینور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Dinvar , Rudkhaneh-ye Dit : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3745151 coordinate: lat 28.633889 long 53.159167 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Dit , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Dit , Rudkhaneh-ye Dorugh Zan : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3061554 coordinate: lat 30.102022 long 51.505199 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Dorugh Zan , Rudkhaneh-ye Kafi , رودخانه دروغ زن , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Dorugh Zan , Rudkhaneh-ye Fahlian : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3756308 coordinate: lat 30.273175 long 51.252858 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fahlian , رودخانه فهلیان , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fahlian , Rudkhaneh-ye Faryab : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11727629 coordinate: lat 29.462084 long 51.361451 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Faryab , رودخانه فارياب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Faryab , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Ab Shur-e Bohlul : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 14229013 coordinate: lat 31.972755 long 49.109457 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Ab Shur-e Bohlul , رودخانه فصلی آب شور بهلول , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Ab Shur-e Bohlul , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Bidasht : stream grp 30 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 13845102 coordinate: lat 28.007899 long 54.162744 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Bidasht , رودخانه فصلی بیدشت , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Bidasht , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Bisheh Zard : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: -3056479 coordinate: lat 28.594967 long 53.927403 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Bisheh , Rudkhaneh-ye Bisheh Zard , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Bisheh Zard , رودخانه بیشه زرد , رودخانه فصلی بیشه زرد , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Bisheh Zard , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Chahar Rudkhaneh : stream grp 30 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 13913981 coordinate: lat 27.981089 long 53.672016 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Chahar Rudkhaneh , رودخانه فصلی چهار رودخانه , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Chahar Rudkhaneh , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Cheragh Daneh : stream grp 30 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 13845100 coordinate: lat 28.007217 long 54.2039 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Cheragh Daneh , رودخانه فصلی چراغ دانه , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Cheragh Daneh , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Dagh Bolagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 13814922 coordinate: lat 34.765309 long 48.731359 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Dagh Bolagh , رودخانه فصلی داغ بلاغ , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Dagh Bolagh , stream , ※ SOURCE for stream « At 11 miles there is a good stream of water; » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 241 Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Faryab : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 13920892 coordinate: lat 27.97986 long 53.071717 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Faryab , رودخانه فصلی فاریاب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Faryab , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Gozdan : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11325952 coordinate: lat 27.280535 long 55.507334 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Gozdan , Rudkhaneh-ye Gevin , رودخانه فصلی گزدان , رودخانه گوین , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Gozdan , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Gur-e Sefid : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: -3194823 coordinate: lat 30.208874 long 51.829755 NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Darreh , Chehar Darreh , Gur Espid , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Gur-e Sefid , رودخانه فصلی گور سفید , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Gur-e Sefid , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Harar : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10786294 coordinate: lat 30.075351 long 51.785815 NIMA/GNS names: Harar-e Kun Zard , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Harar , رودخانه فصلی هرار , هرار کون زرد , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Harar , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Kalakal : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11796751 coordinate: lat 27.966137 long 52.421631 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Kalakal , رودخانه فصلی کلاکل , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Kalakal , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Karkuyeh : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 13930087 coordinate: lat 28.315872 long 53.032052 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Karkuyeh , رودخانه فصلی کرکویه , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Karkuyeh , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Kolaghi : stream grp 11 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11811642 coordinate: lat 27.261631 long 52.910036 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Kolaghi , رودخانه فصلی کلاغی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Kolaghi , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Leh Tirun : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 13873499 coordinate: lat 28.716273 long 53.838055 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Leh Tirun , رودخانه فصلی له تیرون , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Leh Tirun , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Mazaneh : stream grp 30 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 13845099 coordinate: lat 28.009661 long 54.231688 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Mazaneh , رودخانه فصلی مزنه , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Mazaneh , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Miandeh : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10069551 coordinate: lat 28.658628 long 53.876077 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Miandeh , Rudkhaneh-ye Mian Deh , رودخانه فصلی میانده , رودخانه میان ده , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Miandeh , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Nowruzi : stream grp 16 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11776932 coordinate: lat 26.890579 long 55.545341 NIMA/GNS names: Mehran , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Nowruzi , رودخانه فصلی نوروزی , مهران , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Nowruzi , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Piadam : stream grp 30 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 13845101 coordinate: lat 28.008126 long 54.172958 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Piadam , رودخانه فصلی پیادم , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Piadam , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Piaram : stream grp 30 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 13840360 coordinate: lat 27.971982 long 54.177653 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Piaram , رودخانه فصلی پیارم , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Piaram , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Quri Chay : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 14150044 coordinate: lat 34.589366 long 49.222086 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Quri Chay , رودخانه فصلی قوری چای , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Quri Chay , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Shur Ravan : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11739847 coordinate: lat 28.620519 long 51.321448 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Shur Ravan , رودخانه فصلی شور روان , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Shur Ravan , Shura , ※ SOURCE for Shura « A natural canal of brackish water, 12 yards wide and 2 feet deep, called the Shura, passes from near the hill of Aram down the centre of the plain and opens into the Moon. » #1195 Colvill, W.H., Land Journey along the Shores of the Persian Gulf, from Bushire to Lingah, The Geographical Journal, London, 1866-1867, 11:1:36-8 ~ p. 37 « Shura » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Talkh Ab : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 11937384 coordinate: lat 30.286887 long 51.248255 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Talkh Ab , رودخانه فصلی تلخ آب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Talkh Ab , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Talkhab : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 14419892 coordinate: lat 31.810574 long 49.769624 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Talkhab , رودخانه فصلی تلخاب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Talkhab , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Tang-e Sefid : stream grp 30 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 13836257 coordinate: lat 27.929477 long 54.38723 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Tang-e Sefid , رودخانه فصلی تنگ سفید , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Tang-e Sefid , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Vajejun : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 14495341 coordinate: lat 34.318568 long 49.742599 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Vajejun , رودخانه فصلی واججون , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Vajejun , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Varvan : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 14625161 coordinate: lat 34.500024 long 49.607217 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Varvan , رودخانه فصلی وروان , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Varvan , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Zahedan : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 13873532 coordinate: lat 28.716226 long 53.839461 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Zahedan , رودخانه فصلی زاهدان , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Zahedan , Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Zanki : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 14256054 coordinate: lat 32.424627 long 49.049513 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Zanki , رودخانه فصلی زنکی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fasli-ye Zanki , Rudkhaneh-ye Feyviyeh : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3745160 coordinate: lat 28.0703 long 52.4956 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Feyviyeh , Rudkhaneh-ye Fiduyeh , Rudkhaneh-ye Fiduyeh , رودخانه فیدویه , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Feyviyeh , Rudkhaneh-ye Fini : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10950654 coordinate: lat 27.279029 long 55.508133 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fini , Rudkhaneh-ye Gevin , رودخانه فينی , رودخانه گوین , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fini , Rudkhaneh-ye Firuzabad : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 153346 coordinate: lat 28.6636 long 52.6976 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Firuzabad , رودخانه فیروز آباد , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Firuzabad , ※ SOURCE for Rudkhaneh-ye Firuzabad « On our right we caught a glimpse of the river, six miles distant ; its course ran parallel to ours for a few miles, and then, turning abruptly southwards, it was lost in the huge mouth of a ravine which pierces the dark and lofty range that bounds this region on the south. This is the fifth mountain-cleft through which the adventurous river forces its way, and it is much the grandest of all. "We could see the cliffs, 500 feet high, at its mouth, and could trace the zigzag windings of the cleft in the face of the mountain. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 98 Rudkhaneh-ye Galal : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 14419900 coordinate: lat 31.770396 long 49.832429 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Galal , رودخانه گلال , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Galal , Rudkhaneh-ye Galal : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3072269 coordinate: lat 32.170832 long 48.61416 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Kahunak , Ab-e Kuhanak , Kahunak , Rudkhaneh-ye Galal , Rudkhaneh-ye Galal-e Kohang , رودخانه گلال , رودخانه گلال کهنگ , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Galal , Rudkhaneh-ye Garreh Bid : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10734306 coordinate: lat 33.40378 long 48.155369 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Garreh Bid , Tang-e Garreh Bid , تنگ گره بيد , رودخانه گره بيد , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Garreh Bid , Rudkhaneh-ye Gav Mordeh : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 14804207 coordinate: lat 29.342651 long 51.799264 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Gav Mordeh , رودخانه گاو مرده , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Gav Mordeh , Rudkhaneh-ye Gazaru : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3064421 coordinate: lat 34.0892 long 47.4312 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Gizeh Rud , Darreh Gizaru , Darreh Gizeh Rud , Garzu , Gezeh Rud , Ghiz Rud , Gizeh Rud , Qez Rud , Rudkhaneh-ye Gazaru , Rudkhaneh-ye Gazru , Rudkhaneh-ye Gizru , رودخانه گیزرو , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Gazaru , Rudkhaneh-ye Gevin : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10950654 coordinate: lat 27.279029 long 55.508133 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Fini , Rudkhaneh-ye Gevin , رودخانه فينی , رودخانه گوین , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Gevin , Rudkhaneh-ye Gharbeh : stream grp 28 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10074748 coordinate: lat 27.707365 long 52.313047 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Gharbeh , رودخانه غربه , VARIANT names: Ghaba water course , Gharba Rud , Rudkhaneh-ye Gharbeh , ※ SOURCE for Ghaba water course « The seaport for Jam is Tähiri; general direction south by east, east, distant 17 statute miles over hilly ground. The road to this port leads, by the south-west corner of the valley, between Küh-Püzeh Padri and the hills closing the south-east end of the valley. As seen from the summit of Püzeh Padri, a water course, called Ghaba, flows on its south-west side, and thence south-east by south to the sea, which is plainly visible, between low, hills progressively decreasing in height. In this quarter the hills are very low, and Butcher understands that by this opening proceeds the road to Tahiri. It has been from the earliest times, and, although at present traversed only by pack animals, might, he believes, be readily adapted to wheel traffic. » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 p. 449 ※ SOURCE for Gharba Rud « Gharba Rud » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ Figure 52. Siraf the city its hinterland. p. 19 Rudkhaneh-ye Gowdeh : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3744952 coordinate: lat 27.179621 long 55.417702 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Gowdeh , Rudkhaneh-ye Gowdeh , Rudkhaneh-ye Gowder , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Shur , رود گوده , رودخانه شور , رودخانۀ گودر , رودخانۀ گوده , شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Gowdeh , Rudkhaneh-ye Gozivar : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10377630 coordinate: lat 27.9345 long 52.9559 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Gozivar , رودخانۀ گزیور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Gozivar , Rudkhaneh-ye Gumik : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 14419893 coordinate: lat 31.80598 long 49.7728 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Gumik , رودخانه گومیک , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Gumik , Rudkhaneh-ye Halleh : stream grp 7 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10036734 coordinate: lat 29.229169 long 50.871549 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Halleh , Rudkhaneh-ye Halleh , رود حله , رودخانه حله , رودخانه حله , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Halleh , Rudkhaneh-ye Hanitgan : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3760646 coordinate: lat 29.333333 long 52.25 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Hanitgan , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Hanitgan , NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3066149 coordinate: lat 27.1386111 long 56.8141667 Rudkhaneh-ye Hayavi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10024276 coordinate: lat 26.231417 long 57.140015 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Hayavi , Rudkhaneh-ye Heyvi , رودخانه حیوی , رودخانه هیوی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Hayavi , Rudkhaneh-ye Honifaqan : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3067071 coordinate: lat 29.0002 long 52.569 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Honifaqan , Rudkhaneh-ye Honitaqan , Rudkhaneh-ye Hovinfaqan , رودخانه حنيفقان , VARIANT names: Boraze , Hunayfaqan River , Rudkhaneh-ye Honifaqan , ※ SOURCE for Boraze « A reference to the Borāze, or the early Islamic Hunayfaqan River, is found in Kārnāmag i Ardašir i Pabgan, where it reports the foundation of Ardašir-Xwarrah by Ardašir I, as well as other construction activities carried by him in this area, namely the digging of canals through mountains and the foundation of fire temples and villages (KAP V. 13)218. » #3092 Negin Miri, Sasanian Pars: Historical Geography and Administrative Organization, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2012 ~ ※ SOURCE for Hunayfaqan River « A reference to the Borāze, or the early Islamic Hunayfaqan River, is found in Kārnāmag i Ardašir i Pabgan, where it reports the foundation of Ardašir-Xwarrah by Ardašir I, as well as other construction activities carried by him in this area, namely the digging of canals through mountains and the foundation of fire temples and villages (KAP V. 13)218. » #3092 Negin Miri, Sasanian Pars: Historical Geography and Administrative Organization, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2012 ~ Rudkhaneh-ye Jaghan : stream grp 21 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3067451 coordinate: lat 27.9813 long 57.0737 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Jaghan , رودخانه جغان , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Jaghan , Rudkhaneh-ye Jalabi : stream grp 19 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3067611 coordinate: lat 27.147973 long 56.669495 NIMA/GNS names: Khowr-e Do Sar , Rudkhaneh-ye Jalabi , Rudkhaneh-ye Jallabi , خور دو سر , رودخانه جلّابی , رودخانۀ جلابی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Jalabi , Rudkhaneh-ye Jarahi : stream grp 31 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3067805 coordinate: lat 30.657244 long 48.675371 NIMA/GNS names: Jarrahi , Jarrahi , Jarrahi Rud , Jarrai River , Rud-e Jarrahi , Rudkhaneh-ye Jarahi , Rudkhaneh-ye Jarrahi , رودخانه جراحی , VARIANT names: Hedyphon , Hedypnus , Jarrahi river , Marun river , R. Jerrahi , Rudkhaneh-ye Jarahi , ※ SOURCE for Hedyphon « Susiana was intersected by numerous rivers which flowed either to the Tigris or Persian gulf, from the high mountain watershed whereby it was surrounded. Of these the principal were the Eulacus (Karin), the Choaspes (Kerkhah), the Coprates (river of Diz), the Hedyphon or Hedypnus (Jerrahi), and the Oroatis (Tab). » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1872, ~ p. 1050 ※ SOURCE for Hedypnus « Susiana was intersected by numerous rivers which flowed either to the Tigris or Persian gulf, from the high mountain watershed whereby it was surrounded. Of these the principal were the Eulacus (Karin), the Choaspes (Kerkhah), the Coprates (river of Diz), the Hedyphon or Hedypnus (Jerrahi), and the Oroatis (Tab). » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1872, ~ p. 1050 ※ SOURCE for Jarrahi river « Fig. 4: 19th-century maps of the Jarrahi river between Medina (“Old Dorak”) and Shadegan (“Dorak” or “Fellahiyah”), clearly showing the distributary channel pattern. Left: from the survey by Chesney [56]; right: sketch map by Layard [29]. The approximate location of the maps is indicated in Figure 3 » #2942 Jan Walstra,Vanessa Mary An Heyvaert, Peter Verkinderen, Assessing human impact on alluvial fan development: A multidisciplinary case-study from Lower Khuzestan (SW Iran), Geodinamica Acta, 2010, ~ p. 272 ※ SOURCE for Marun river « It would seem from the air photographs that the Mashur delta sheet was deposited by the Jarrahi (Marun) river before it was deflected westwards into the Fellahiya marshes. » #2945 G. M. Lees and N. L. Falcon, The Geographical History of the Mesopotamian Plains, The Geographical Journal, London, 1952, vol. 118:no. 1:pp. 24-39 ~ p. 31 « Turning now to the area of Behbehan, a stone chamber tomb (Fig. 8.9) of the late Neo-Elamite period was discovered at Arjan by the banks of the Marun river in 1982 (Alizadeh 1985a). » #2983 Potts, D. T., The Archaeology of Elam: Formation and Transformation of an Ancient Iranian State, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999 ~ p. 303 « In short, it seems likely that the western limit of the territory under purview of the Persepolis administrators was somewhere in the transitional zone from the highland to the plain. Khūzestān proper would then have been administered from Susa. Arfa’i (1999: 34) identified the Mārūn River as the natural border between the two administrative zones and this may well be correct. Note that the recent identification of Hunar, one of the westernmost towns controlled from Persepolis, with Tepe Bormi in the Rām Hormoz plain (cf. fn. 245 above) is a weighty confirmation of our thesis. » #3024 Wouter F.M. Henkelman, The Other Gods Who Are. Studies in Elamite-Iranian Acculturation Based on the Persepolis Fortification Texts (Achaemenid History XIV), Nederlands Instituut Voor Het Nabije Oosten, Leiden, 2008 ~ p. 115 ※ SOURCE for R. Jerrahi « R. Jerrahi » in {map#1062 Map to illustrate Mr Layard's paper on Khuzistan, AH Layard, 1846, #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846 ~} Rudkhaneh-ye Jareh : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3067808 coordinate: lat 29.271559 long 52.004985 NIMA/GNS names: Jereh , Rud-e Jarreh , Rud-e Jerreh , Rudkhaneh-ye Jareh , رودخانه جره , VARIANT names: Nahr Jirrah , Rudkhaneh-ye Jareh , ※ SOURCE for Nahr Jirrah « Nahr Jirrah(1)-This river rises in Masaram, and it waters the district of Nahast Masjan, thence passing on it waters Jirrah and its district, also part of the Ghundijan District. Beyond this it joins the Bishapur River, and thus its waters reach the sea. fn. 1 The Daliki-Jamilah River. Masaram is the name of a village in this district (spelt now with a sin in place of sad, FNN. 281). The spelling Nahast Masjun is uncertain; possibly it is a clerical error for Nahiyat Sittajan, "the Sittajan District," near the head-waters of the Thakin River (see below in the Itinerary). There is, however, a village in this region still called Dih Masghun, or Masqan, lying 1 league south-east of Shikuft. (FNN. 281), whp65ich may be the place indicated if the reading be taken as Masjan. » #3077 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum Asiatic Society Monographs XIV, Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1912 ~ p. 65 Rudkhaneh-ye Jarrahi : stream grp 31 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3067804 coordinate: lat 31.080136 long 49.503562 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Jarrahi , Rudkhaneh-ye Jarrahi , Rudkhaneh-ye Jarrahi , Rudkhaneh-ye Jarrdhi , رودخانه جراحی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Jarrahi , Rudkhaneh-ye Kafravar : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3071721 coordinate: lat 34.267778 long 45.948333 NIMA/GNS names: Kafarawar , Kofravar , Rudkhaneh-ye Kafravar , Rudkhaneh-ye Kofr Avar , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kafravar , Rudkhaneh-ye Karkheh : stream grp 33 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3069871 coordinate: lat 31.7367 long 47.9779 NIMA/GNS names: Karkheh , Karkheh River , Karkheh Rud , Nahr Karkheh , Nahr-e Karkheh , Rud-e Karkheh , Rudkhaneh-ye Karkheh , Rudkhaneh-ye Qalasorkheh , Rudkhaneh-ye Qalasureh , رود كرخه , رودخانه کرخه , كرخه , كرخه رود , نهر كرخه , VARIANT names: Choaspes , river of Sus , River Tiritiri , Rudkhaneh-ye Karkheh , ※ SOURCE for Choaspes « The region of Susiana continues eastward several days’ journey from the Pisitigris, [fol. 406r] or Pigretes, as it is called by Xenophon,(415) though the countryside is sterile and dry, as far as the famous Choaspes River,(416) which is not so memorable for its size as it is for its excellent and delicious water. The ancient great monarchs of Persia would drink water from no other river. The Choaspes, [margin: called the Koranghekaru417 by the Arabs and Persians of our day,] meaning gentle and meek, is somewhat larger than the Pisitigris or the Araxes, which flows through the immensely fertile plains of Margascan418 or ancient Persepolis, as has been mentioned fn. 415 See Xenophon, Cyropaedia, 1.8. fn. 416 Choaspes is the Latinization of Greek Choáspēs, a name that was applied to three ancient rivers, the first in present-day southern Iraq, the second in present-day northern Iran, and the third south of the Hindu Kush. In this passage Silva y Figueroa is clearly referring to the first, the Choaspes of Susiana: he mentions that (a) Susa, the ancient Elamite capital, was located on its bank, (b) it was renowned for its water quality, and (c) the Achaemenid kings drank exclusively from it. The overall hydrography of the area changed repeatedly in ancient times, which makes it difficult to be precise about its course. It rose in southern Media in the land of the Uxians. Different classical sources made conflicting claims about its course: that (a) it flowed into the Tigris above the so-called “Chaldean lakes,” (b) it flowed directly into the Persian Gulf near the Tigris estuary, and (c) this Choaspes, the Eulaeus (the present-day Dezfūl River in ?ūzestān) and the Tigris all flowed into a lake before they reached the sea. Today, however, we understand that this river corresponds to the Kar?a River in its upper course and to the Kārūn River in its lower course; see p. 479 n. 350. » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ pp. 629-9 « Susiana was intersected by numerous rivers which flowed either to the Tigris or Persian gulf, from the high mountain watershed whereby it was surrounded. Of these the principal were the Eulacus (Karin), the Choaspes (Kerkhah), the Coprates (river of Diz), the Hedyphon or Hedypnus (Jerrahi), and the Oroatis (Tab). » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1872, ~ p. 1050 ※ SOURCE for river of Sus « It remains only to say a few words about the modern name of the Ula/Eulaios. Writing in 1340, Hamd-Allah Mustawfi called the Karkheh the “river of Sus,”(98) but already in 1839 Rawlinson observed that, outside the pages of Mustawfi's work, "neither in Abú-l-fedá, nor in any other of the old Arabic authors, do I find any notice of the river Kerkhah."(99) fn. 98 Le Strange 1902, 513. Cf. Schwarz and Miquel 1978, 654. fn. 99. Rawlinson 1839, 89. » #2980 Daniel T. Potts, Elamite Ulā, Akkadian Ulaya, and Greek Choaspes: A Solution to the Eulaios Problem, Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 1999 vol. 13:pp. 27-44 ~ p. 36 Rudkhaneh-ye Keshdar : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMX UFI: 10781555 coordinate: lat 29.173508 long 51.830165 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Keshdar , رودخانه کشدر , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Keshdar , Rudkhaneh-ye Khalili : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10390801 coordinate: lat 27.6063 long 53.0863 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Khalili , رودخانه خلیلی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Khalili , Rudkhaneh-ye Khan va Qowm : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 153406 coordinate: lat 28.7 long 52.583333 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Khan va Qowm , رودخانۀ خان و قوم , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Khan va Qowm , Tirze , ※ SOURCE for Tirze « 11. Tirze - tributary of the Sekkan/ Kara Aghatch that flowed through the area of Jur (Firuzabad), originated in the Darjan Sijah, watered the area of al-Khunaifejan and Jur, flowed through the area of Ardashir Khurra and then emptied into the Persian Gulf (incorrect, as this occurred after it had emptied into the Sekkan). Ibn al-Balkhi- Nahr Burazah, the river of Firuzabad, arose at Khunayfghan, watered Firuzabad and its district, joined the Thakan and emptied into the Persian Gulf; named after Burazah, ‘the great engineer, who drained the [lake] off from round and about the city of Firuzabad’ (Le Strange 1912: 869) according to a story related by Ibn al-Balkhi about the construction of Firuzabad by Ardashir (Le Strange 1912: 324-325). » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 9 Rudkhaneh-ye Kheyrak : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10781703 coordinate: lat 29.451882 long 51.497978 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Jamileh , Rudkhaneh-ye Kheyrak , رودخانه جميله , رودخانه خیرك , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kheyrak , Rudkhaneh-ye Khoshk : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10856625 coordinate: lat 34.131531 long 49.660384 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Khoshk , رودخانه خشک , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Khoshk , Rudkhaneh-ye Khoshk : stream grp 24 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3071244 coordinate: lat 29.52958517 long 52.72221584 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Khoshk , رودخانه خشک , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Khoshk , Rudkhaneh-ye Khür : stream grp 12 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 26.901797 long 53.540766 VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Khür , ※ SOURCE for Rudkhaneh-ye Khür « Rudkhaneh-ye Khür » in {map#376 SERIES 1501 AIR SHEET EDITION 3, National Imagery and Mapping Agency, 1969 rev 1996, } Beyram NG 39-4 Rudkhaneh-ye Kishi : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10950627 coordinate: lat 27.27341 long 55.501172 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kashi Govi , Rudkhaneh-ye Kishi , رودخانه کاشی گوی , رودخانه کیشی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kishi , Rudkhaneh-ye Kol Kar : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11716422 coordinate: lat 27.998129 long 55.719706 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kol Kar , دودخانه کل کر , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kol Kar , Rudkhaneh-ye Kor : stream grp 25 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMX UFI: -3072028 coordinate: lat 29.75 long 52.8498 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kor , رودخانه کر , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kor , Rudkhaneh-ye Kor : stream grp 25 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10030493 coordinate: lat 29.8797 long 52.7496 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kor , رودخانه کر , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kor , Rudkhaneh-ye Kunumutu : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 14211628 coordinate: lat 31.930253 long 49.293773 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kunumutu , رودخانه کونوموتو , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kunumutu , Rudkhaneh-ye Lordegan : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 230215 coordinate: lat 31.555671 long 50.597187 NIMA/GNS names: Lordegan , Rudkhaneh-ye Lordegan , رودخانه لردگان , لردگان , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Lordegan , Rudkhaneh-ye Madian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3073344 coordinate: lat 33.30478 long 47.817062 NIMA/GNS names: Madian Rud , Madiyan , Madiyan Rud , Madyan Rud , Rudkhaneh-ye Madian , Rudkhaneh-ye Madian Rud , رودخانه مادیان , رودخانه مادیان رود , ماديان رود , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Madian , Rudkhaneh-ye Manjoqli : stream grp 40 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3755814 coordinate: lat 30.644343 long 52.128338 NIMA/GNS names: Kal Manchoqli , Rudkhaneh-ye Manjoqli , رودخانه منجقلی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Manjoqli , Rudkhaneh-ye Mehran : stream grp 15 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10024092 coordinate: lat 26.817754 long 55.562202 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Mehran , رودخانه مهران , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Mehran , Rudkhaneh-ye Modkhun : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 146258 coordinate: lat 28.549722 long 53.129722 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Modkhun , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Modkhun , Rudkhaneh-ye Morgha : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 227214 coordinate: lat 32.009194 long 49.569464 NIMA/GNS names: Morg Hab , Rudkhaneh-ye Marghab , Rudkhaneh-ye Morgha , Rudkhaneh-ye Morghab , رودخانه مرغا , رودخانه مرغاب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Morgha , Rudkhaneh-ye Nariab : stream grp 15 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11323159 coordinate: lat 27.157036 long 54.230993 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Nariab , رودخانه نارياب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Nariab , Rudkhaneh-ye Nowtaragi : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 14419896 coordinate: lat 31.810338 long 49.765438 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Nowtaragi , رودخانه نوترگی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Nowtaragi , Rudkhaneh-ye Pol-e Fasa : stream grp 24 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: -3078457 coordinate: lat 29.494167 long 52.705278 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Pol-e Fasa , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Pol-e Fasa , Rudkhaneh-ye Pul Kul : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3772683 coordinate: lat 32.689849 long 49.216093 NIMA/GNS names: Pul Kuh , Rudkhaneh-ye Pul Kul , رودخانه پول کول , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Pul Kul , Rudkhaneh-ye Qadamgah : stream grp 40 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 12228988 coordinate: lat 30.669956 long 52.160947 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Qadamgah , رودخانه قدمگاه , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Qadamgah , Rudkhaneh-ye Qareh Bagh : stream grp 24 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3079627 coordinate: lat 29.5 long 52.733333 NIMA/GNS names: Qarabagh Rud , Rud-e Qara Bagh , Rudkhaneh-ye Qareh Bagh , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Qareh Bagh , Rudkhaneh-ye Rahnak : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10074948 coordinate: lat 29.00804 long 52.038595 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Rahnak , رودخانه رهنک , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Rahnak , Rudkhaneh-ye Rameh Char : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3080765 coordinate: lat 31.795245 long 49.700332 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Ramachar , Rud-i-Ramachar , Rudkhaneh-ye Rameh Char , رودخانه رمه چر , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Rameh Char , Rudkhaneh-ye Razavar : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3080955 coordinate: lat 34.4238 long 47.0088 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-i-Razavar , Ab-i-Zarawar , Razavaran , Rudkhaneh-ye Raz Avar , Rudkhaneh-ye Razavar , رازآوران , رودخانه رازآور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Razavar , Rudkhaneh-ye Rubah : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 12663547 coordinate: lat 32.809592 long 48.050874 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Rubah , Rudkhaneh-ye Zal , رودخانه روبه , رودخانه زال , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Rubah , Rudkhaneh-ye Rubashti : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3081413 coordinate: lat 30.593198 long 50.882226 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Rubashti , Rudkhaneh-ye Tal-e Chegan , رودخانۀ تل چگان , رودخانۀ روباشتی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Rubashti , Rudkhaneh-ye Rudaki : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10787253 coordinate: lat 30.179148 long 51.73463 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Mehrenjan , Rudkhaneh-ye Rudaki , رودخانه رودکی , رودخانه مهرنجان , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Rudaki , Rudkhaneh-ye Sar Kahnan : stream grp 21 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3082869 coordinate: lat 27.7965 long 57.1312 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sar Kahnan , رودخانۀ سر كهنان , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sar Kahnan , Rudkhaneh-ye Sar Khvon : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10075163 coordinate: lat 29.5 long 52.183 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sar Khvon , رودخانه سر خون , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sar Khvon , Rudkhaneh-ye Sardar : stream grp 16 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3082660 coordinate: lat 27.948611 long 56.041389 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sardar , رودخانۀ سردر , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sardar , Rudkhaneh-ye Sarkhun : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3082909 coordinate: lat 29.4402 long 52.1572 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sarkhun , رودخانه سرخون , VARIANT names: Nahr Sakkan , Rudkhaneh-ye Sarkhun , Sikan , Sittajan , Thakkan , Zakkan , Zhakkan , ※ SOURCE for Nahr Sakkan « The longest river in Fârs is the Nahr Sakkân, which rising some 30 miles to the north-westward of Shiraz follows a devious course, going south-east for over 150 miles; then after making a great bend it runs due west for another 150 miles, but with many windings, and finally, after receiving the waters of the Firûzâbâd river from the north, discharges itself into the sea a little to the south of Najiram (2). The name Sakkan is said by Istakhri to be derived from the village of Sakk, which stands near the great bend westward; other authorities, however, spell the name variously : thus we find Sittajân, Thakkán, and Sikan, while Mustawfi generally has Zakkân or Zhakkán. fn. 2 Its upper course is now known as the Kårå Aghách, Black-tree river (in Turkish); its lower course is called the Mând river. The Sakkân is probably identical with the river Sitakus of Nearchus. See Colonel Ross, P.R.G.S. 1883, p. 712. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 252 ※ SOURCE for Sikan « The name Sakkan is said by Istakhri to be derived from the village of Sakk, which stands near the great bend westward; other authorities, however, spell the name variously : thus we find Sittajân, Thakkán, and Sikan, while Mustawfi generally has Zakkân or Zhakkán. fn. 2 Its upper course is now known as the Kårå Aghách, Black-tree river (in Turkish); its lower course is called the Mând river. The Sakkân is probably identical with the river Sitakus of Nearchus. See Colonel Ross, P.R.G.S. 1883, p. 712. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 252 ※ SOURCE for Sittajan « The name Sakkan is said by Istakhri to be derived from the village of Sakk, which stands near the great bend westward; other authorities, however, spell the name variously : thus we find Sittajân, Thakkán, and Sikan, while Mustawfi generally has Zakkân or Zhakkán. fn. 2 Its upper course is now known as the Kårå Aghách, Black-tree river (in Turkish); its lower course is called the Mând river. The Sakkân is probably identical with the river Sitakus of Nearchus. See Colonel Ross, P.R.G.S. 1883, p. 712. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 252 ※ SOURCE for Thakkan « The name Sakkan is said by Istakhri to be derived from the village of Sakk, which stands near the great bend westward; other authorities, however, spell the name variously : thus we find Sittajân, Thakkán, and Sikan, while Mustawfi generally has Zakkân or Zhakkán. fn. 2 Its upper course is now known as the Kårå Aghách, Black-tree river (in Turkish); its lower course is called the Mând river. The Sakkân is probably identical with the river Sitakus of Nearchus. See Colonel Ross, P.R.G.S. 1883, p. 712. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 252 ※ SOURCE for Zakkan « The name Sakkan is said by Istakhri to be derived from the village of Sakk, which stands near the great bend westward; other authorities, however, spell the name variously : thus we find Sittajân, Thakkán, and Sikan, while Mustawfi generally has Zakkân or Zhakkán. fn. 2 Its upper course is now known as the Kårå Aghách, Black-tree river (in Turkish); its lower course is called the Mând river. The Sakkân is probably identical with the river Sitakus of Nearchus. See Colonel Ross, P.R.G.S. 1883, p. 712. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 252 ※ SOURCE for Zhakkan « The name Sakkan is said by Istakhri to be derived from the village of Sakk, which stands near the great bend westward; other authorities, however, spell the name variously : thus we find Sittajân, Thakkán, and Sikan, while Mustawfi generally has Zakkân or Zhakkán. fn. 2 Its upper course is now known as the Kårå Aghách, Black-tree river (in Turkish); its lower course is called the Mând river. The Sakkân is probably identical with the river Sitakus of Nearchus. See Colonel Ross, P.R.G.S. 1883, p. 712. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 252 Rudkhaneh-ye Sefid : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3083292 coordinate: lat 29.629778 long 51.797585 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sefid , Sefid , رودخانه سفید , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sefid , Rudkhaneh-ye Seraj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10443992 coordinate: lat 27.7293 long 56.8055 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Seraj , رودخانه سراج , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Seraj , Rudkhaneh-ye Seylab : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10867496 coordinate: lat 31.446105 long 50.517101 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Seylab , Rudkhaneh-ye Shahzadeh Ghaleb , رودخانه سیلاب , رودخانه شاهزاده غالب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Seylab , Rudkhaneh-ye Shadkam : stream grp 39 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 12228349 coordinate: lat 30.683018 long 52.523784 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shadkam , رودخانه شادکام , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shadkam , Thymar , ※ SOURCE for Thymar « Thymar » in {map#1322 Carte de l'itinéraire de Perse fait par Herbert, avec Dodmere Cotton, ambassadeur d'Angleterre, l'an 1627 / par P. du Val, , , } Rudkhaneh-ye Shahzadeh Abbas : stream grp 27 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3761479 coordinate: lat 29.9711 long 56.0369 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shahzadeh `Abbas , رودخانه شاهزاده عباس , VARIANT names: Givi Dur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shahzadeh Abbas , ※ SOURCE for Givi Dur « The next surprise was to see a fine river running north and termed the Givi Dur, which further down joins the Lalazár River, and where we crossed it, divides Bardsír from Páriz. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 74 Rudkhaneh-ye Shams-e Arab : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10045721 coordinate: lat 30.3865 long 50.5647 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shams-e `Arab , رودخانه شمس عرب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shams-e Arab , Rudkhaneh-ye Shaqrud : stream grp 20 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3084535 coordinate: lat 27.8009 long 56.8072 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shaqrud , رودخانه شقرود , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shaqrud , Rudkhaneh-ye Shara : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3084638 coordinate: lat 34.400409 long 49.160912 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shara , رودخانه شرا , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shara , Rudkhaneh-ye Shesh Pir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 12194085 coordinate: lat 30.047183 long 52.036765 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shesh Pir , رودخانه شش پیر , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shesh Pir , Rudkhaneh-ye Sheykh Ab Ali : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10334596 coordinate: lat 28.4573 long 52.3405 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sheykh Ab `Ali , رودخانه شیخ آب علی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sheykh Ab Ali , Rudkhaneh-ye Shirin : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10781586 coordinate: lat 29.256604 long 51.892909 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shirin , رودخانه شیرین , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shirin , Rudkhaneh-ye Shirin : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3085041 coordinate: lat 30.178133 long 51.626441 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shirin , رودخانه شیرین , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shirin , Rudkhaneh-ye Shirin : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10074969 coordinate: lat 29.25 long 52.0694 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shirin , رودخانه شیرین , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shirin , Rudkhaneh-ye Shirvan : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3085109 coordinate: lat 33.550782 long 46.838155 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Shirvan , Ab-i-Shirwan , Rudkhaneh-ye Ab-e Shirvan , Rudkhaneh-ye Shirvan , رودخانه آب شیروان , رودخانه شیروان , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shirvan , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur : stream grp 5 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3085289 coordinate: lat 29.333155 long 50.664077 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Shur , Rud-i-Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Shur , رود شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3754923 coordinate: lat 27.121785 long 55.745685 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , رودخانه شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10026626 coordinate: lat 29.692792 long 51.197396 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , رود شور , رودخانه شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 13927331 coordinate: lat 28.135594 long 53.137068 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , رودخانه شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10334819 coordinate: lat 28.6697 long 52.3534 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , رودخانه شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 13477259 coordinate: lat 32.282851 long 48.855742 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , رودخانه شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10377784 coordinate: lat 28 long 52.6627 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , رودخانه شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10377628 coordinate: lat 28 long 52.8575 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , رودخانۀ شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3760781 coordinate: lat 29.368932 long 51.77184 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , رودخانه شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10334823 coordinate: lat 28.5718 long 52.4028 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , رودخانه شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur : stream grp 18 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3085306 coordinate: lat 27.162502 long 56.530367 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Shur , Shur Rud , رودخانه شور , شور , شور رود , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10026578 coordinate: lat 29.437764 long 51.151975 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Gol Shang , رودخانه شور , رودخانه شور گل شنگ , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur : stream grp 15 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3064925 coordinate: lat 27.061176 long 54.299398 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Gotav , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , رودخانه شور , رودخانه گتاو , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur (bifuc.) : stream grp 5 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.49869 long 50.782178 † basis (approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur (bifuc.) , ※ SOURCE for Rudkhaneh-ye Shur (bifuc.) [the course of this river bifucates some 21 kms at a bearing of 33° from the mouth at coordinate lat. 29.498690° long. 50.782178° towards the west and south. there is no indication of this branch in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Bushire 444-D. nor in {map#1140 route map, , , #3037 J. V. Harrison, Kuhgalu: South-West Iran, The Geographical Journal, London, 1936 Vol. 88:no. 1:pp. 20-36 ~} .PBR] Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Ab : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10835233 coordinate: lat 30.146775 long 51.402148 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Ab , رودخانه شور آب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Ab , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Ab : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3059710 coordinate: lat 33.457259 long 48.186236 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Darreh Nasab , Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Nasab , Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Nastu , Rudkhaneh-ye Darreh Tastu , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Ab , رودخانه دره تستو , رودخانه دره نسب , رودخانه دره نستو , رودخانه شور اب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Ab , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Ab Qandu : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10781656 coordinate: lat 29.180766 long 51.885483 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Ab Qandu , رودخانه شور آب قندو , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Ab Qandu , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Naseri : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10781657 coordinate: lat 29.155029 long 51.905833 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Abd ol `Ali Khani , Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Naseri , رودخانه شور عبدالعلی خانی , رودخانه شور ناصری , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur Naseri , Rudkhaneh-ye Shurani : stream grp 21 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 103978 coordinate: lat 27.9727 long 57.184 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shurani , Rudkhaneh-ye Surani , رودخانه شورانی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shurani , Rudkhaneh-ye Shureh : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10042838 coordinate: lat 31.986006 long 48.611466 NIMA/GNS names: Nahr-e Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shureh , Rudkhaneh-ye Sur Barik , رودخانه سور باریک , رودخانه شوره , نهر شور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shureh , Rudkhaneh-ye Siah Rud : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10781585 coordinate: lat 29.376371 long 51.790964 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Siah Rud , Rudkhaneh-ye Valeki , رودخانه سیاه رود , رودخانه والکی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Siah Rud , Rudkhaneh-ye Sikan : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3794036 coordinate: lat 33.208289 long 47.363595 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sikan , رودخانه سیکان , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sikan , Rudkhaneh-ye Simakan : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 153504 coordinate: lat 28.6805 long 53 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Simakan , رودخانه سيمكان , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Simakan , Rudkhaneh-ye Sivand : stream grp 25 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3085950 coordinate: lat 29.997481 long 52.987781 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sivand , Sivand , رودخانه سیوند , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sivand , Rudkhaneh-ye Sorkh Ab : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3086201 coordinate: lat 32.984701 long 49.057357 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Ab Sorkheh , Rudkhaneh-ye Galal Ab-e Sorkh , Rudkhaneh-ye Sorkh Ab , Sorkhab , رودخانه سرخ آب , رودخانه گلال آب سرخ , سر خاب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sorkh Ab , Rudkhaneh-ye Sur : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10044183 coordinate: lat 32.033219 long 49.403044 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Shur , Rud-e Shur , Rudkhaneh-ye Sur , آب شور , رود شور , رودخانه سور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sur , Rudkhaneh-ye Sur : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10042834 coordinate: lat 31.998182 long 48.585732 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shureh , Rudkhaneh-ye Sur , رودخانه سور , رودخانه شوره , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sur , Rudkhaneh-ye Tabiran : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 13499740 coordinate: lat 32.484458 long 48.572604 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kul Tasesheh , Rudkhaneh-ye Tabiran , رودخانه تابيران , رودخانه کول تاسشه , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tabiran , Rudkhaneh-ye Tabur : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMX UFI: 10044201 coordinate: lat 32.010971 long 49.071074 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tabur , رودخانه تبور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tabur , Rudkhaneh-ye Ta'i : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10734224 coordinate: lat 33.211001 long 48.162695 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Ta'i , رودخانه طائی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Ta'i , Rudkhaneh-ye Talkh Ab : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11456899 coordinate: lat 33.052152 long 47.792096 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Talkh Ab , رودخانه تلخ آب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Talkh Ab , Rudkhaneh-ye Tang Mehdi : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10030182 coordinate: lat 29.0259 long 52.9781 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tang Mehdi , رودخانه تنگ مهدی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tang Mehdi , Rudkhaneh-ye Tangab : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3798242 coordinate: lat 34.3599 long 45.548 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tanga , Rudkhaneh-ye Tangab , Rudkhaneh-ye Tangab , رودخانه تنگاب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tangab , Rudkhaneh-ye Tangab : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10379754 coordinate: lat 28.9318 long 52.5285 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tangab , رودخانه تنگاب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tangab , Rudkhaneh-ye Tang-e Charkhi : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3758737 coordinate: lat 28.245833 long 55.126667 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tang-e Charkhi , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tang-e Charkhi , Rudkhaneh-ye Tang-e Khur : stream grp 13 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 23325 coordinate: lat 26.721111 long 54.294444 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tang-e Khur , رودخانۀ تنگ خور , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tang-e Khur , Rudkhaneh-ye Tang-e Shib : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11936963 coordinate: lat 30.395274 long 51.344012 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tang-e Shib , رودخانه تنگ شيب , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tang-e Shib , Rudkhaneh-ye Tanhaveh : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11740742 coordinate: lat 27.255796 long 55.900054 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tanhaveh , رودخانه تنحوه , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tanhaveh , Rudkhaneh-ye Tapiran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 13499739 coordinate: lat 32.507067 long 48.529748 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Kul Kigeh , Rudkhaneh-ye Tapiran , رودخانه تاپيران , رودخانه کول کیگه , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tapiran , Rudkhaneh-ye Tapiran : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3064020 coordinate: lat 32.457419 long 48.494866 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Galal Tabiran , Rudkhaneh-ye Gelal Tabiran , Rudkhaneh-ye Gelal-e Tabiran , Rudkhaneh-ye Tapiran , رودخانه گلال تابیران , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tapiran , Rudkhaneh-ye Tasbar : stream grp 18 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3087161 coordinate: lat 27.20872 long 56.406726 NIMA/GNS names: Masil-e Tasbar , Rud Khaneh-i-Ta-oar , Rud Kraneh-i- Taboar , Rudkhaneh-ye Tasbar , Rudkhaneh-ye Tasbar , رودخانه تاسبر , رودخانۀ طاسبر , مسيل تاسبر , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tasbar , Rudkhaneh-ye Tembi : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3087366 coordinate: lat 32.004095 long 49.096752 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Tembi , Ab-i-Tembi , Rudkhaneh-ye Ab Shur-e Batvand , Rudkhaneh-ye Sur Batvand , Rudkhaneh-ye Tembi , رودخانه آب شور بتوند , رودخانه تمبی , رودخانه سور بتوند , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Tembi , Rudkhaneh-ye Yaryazi : stream grp 30 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10801796 coordinate: lat 28.086537 long 54.032061 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Yaryazi , رودخانه یریزی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Yaryazi , Rudkhaneh-ye Zagh : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3088765 coordinate: lat 28.6431 long 53.1622 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Zagh , رودخانه زاغ , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Zagh , Rudkhaneh-ye Zal : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 12663547 coordinate: lat 32.809592 long 48.050874 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Rubah , Rudkhaneh-ye Zal , رودخانه روبه , رودخانه زال , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Zal , Rudkhaneh-ye Zanjiran : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10068997 coordinate: lat 29.0414 long 52.5653 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Zanjiran , رودخانه زنجیران , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Zanjiran , Rudkhaneh-ye Zard : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3089054 coordinate: lat 31.368442 long 49.725832 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Zard , Rud-i-Zard , Rudkhaneh-ye Zard , رود زرد , رودخانه زرد , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Zard , Rudkhaneh-ye Zohreh : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 10045903 coordinate: lat 30.1466 long 50.75 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Zohreh , رودخانه زهره , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Zohreh , Rudkhaneh-ye Zohreh : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3089552 coordinate: lat 30.067267 long 49.506415 NIMA/GNS names: Hendeyan , Hendi Jan , Hendian , Hindian , Hindijan , Rud-e Hendeyan , Rud-e Zohreh , Rudkhaneh-ye Hendijan , Rudkhaneh-ye Zohreh , Zuhreh , رودخانه زهره , رودخانه هندیجان , VARIANT names: Araxes , Arois , Arosis , Hindiyan river , Indian , Oroatis , Rudkhaneh-ye Zohreh , Tab river , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Ab-e Hindiyan FOR Shadekan [Tomaschek], ※ SOURCE for Araxes « Araxes » in Map of Susiana or Khoozistan in #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 after p. 480 ※ SOURCE for Arois « Arois » in Map of Susiana or Khoozistan in #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 after p. 480 ※ SOURCE for Arosis « Arosis » in Map of Susiana or Khoozistan in #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 after p. 480 « 14. onward sailing to the river Arosis, greatest of all the rivers on the coast - distance not given. » #3031 D.T. Potts, Sailing to Pasargadae., in: ed. T. Daryaee, A. Mousavi and K. Rezakhani, Excavating an Empire: Achaemenid Persia in Longue Durée, Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa, California, 2014, ~ p. 4 ※ SOURCE for Hindiyan river « RAS HUL BAHRKAN, or BAHRKÁN, is a very low point formed by a strip of sand with tufts of grass, nearly overflowed at high water. Inland of it, all is swampy for some miles. At a distance of 3 miles are seen, when near the point, some date groves and a tomb called Mir Amman, which are pro bably on the Hindiyán, or Tab river. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 292 ※ SOURCE for Indian « Indian » in {map#1105 Sketch Map of the Gulf of Persia' [?32r] (1/2), , 1863, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F126/48, f 31, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Oroatis « Susiana was intersected by numerous rivers which flowed either to the Tigris or Persian gulf, from the high mountain watershed whereby it was surrounded. Of these the principal were the Eulacus (Karin), the Choaspes (Kerkhah), the Coprates (river of Diz), the Hedyphon or Hedypnus (Jerrahi), and the Oroatis (Tab). » #840 Smith, William (ed.), Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by various writers, John Murray, London, 1872, ~ p. 1050 ※ SOURCE for Rudkhaneh-ye Zohreh « The plain of Zëitun, separated from Lehruwi by a range of low sand-hills, is lUlmirably irrigated by the river Zohreh,(1) and numerous canals and watercourses derived from it. fn. 1 This river, called Táb in maps, is only known to the natives by the name of Zohreh. At Zeïtún it is a broad stream, fordable during the summer and autumn, but frequently not, and seldom during the rainy months. The Táb, which runs past Reján, and falls into the Persian Gulf, is the Kurdistán or Jerráhí, called Aberghún (i.e., Ab Erghán, or Reján) in the Baron de Bode's map. Zeitún is placed by the Baron on the Abi Shírín, or Hindiyan River.-F. S. (Jibánnuma,' p. 271.) » #2750 Henry John Carter, The Ruins of El Balad, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, 1846, ~ pp. 23-4 ※ SOURCE for Tab river « RAS HUL BAHRKAN, or BAHRKÁN, is a very low point formed by a strip of sand with tufts of grass, nearly overflowed at high water. Inland of it, all is swampy for some miles. At a distance of 3 miles are seen, when near the point, some date groves and a tomb called Mir Amman, which are pro bably on the Hindiyán, or Tab river. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 292 « Tab R. » in {map#47 Asie 1, Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon, 1751, David Rumsey Map Collection List No: 2603.005} « 35. Another river is TAB, which rises in the Kuh-Jilu, situated the confines (ba hudud) of Sipähän, follows the frontier betwe Khüzistan and Fars (ba hadd-i miyün-i Khuzistan va Pārs) and fal into the Great Sea. The town Mahiruban stands in the sea betwee (two branches of) this river (andar miyan-i in abast bayn-i darya).(1) fn. 1 On the position of this town, cf. § 29,15 » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p. 74 Rudkhaneh-ye Zuli : stream grp 9 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: 10069521 coordinate: lat 28.756 long 53.9069 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Zuli , رودخانه زولی , VARIANT names: Rudkhaneh-ye Zuli , Rudkhiz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3081483 coordinate: lat 30.151946 long 57.6867 NIMA/GNS names: Khizrud , Rudkhiz , رودخیز , VARIANT names: Rudkhiz , Rugir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081508 coordinate: lat 27.556944 long 53.159167 NIMA/GNS names: Rogi , Rowgir-e Bala , Rugir , Rugir-e Bala , VARIANT names: Rugir , Ruhilla : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: DISTRICT independent coordinate: lat 29.158506 long 50.783738 VARIANT names: Rohilla , Rowla , Rowlah , Rudhalla , Ruhilla , ※ SOURCE for Rohilla « IN 1810, Lieut. M'Donald (afterwards Sir John M'Donald Kinneir) and myself were directed to proceed along the shores of the Persian Gulf to Bussorah. Our first stage was Rohilla, a small district containing ten or twelve Arab villages; the river here being within the influence of the tide is nearly as salt as the sea, but there are abundance of wells and much garden cultivation. » #1334 Monteith, William, Notes on the Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, etc., Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857, 27:108-19 ~ p. 108 « Grain was grown throughout the Garmsir region. In the central sector of the Garmsir, grain production was concentrated in the area behind Bushire and as far north as Bandar Dellum and as far south as Bandar Deyyar. (50) n. 50. Writing in the 1860's, Pelly commented "to the South of Bunder Reigh (Rig) and immediately North of Bushire creek lies a flat corn growing circle of some ten Arab villages, known as Rohilla; indeed it may be remarked, that coming Southward from the Chaab territories (present day Khuzistan), the plain, there wholely pastorial, becomes gradually patched with corn, until towards Rohilla large breaths are found under plough." (L. Pelly, Remarks on the Tribes, India Office Library, ST 393, 1863/64.) » #798 Grummon, S. R., The rise and fall of the Arab shaykhdom of Bushir, 1750-1850, thesis, ~ p. 198 ※ SOURCE for Rowla « for the bay of Busheer is fourteen or fifteen miles across to the northern point called Rowhla and Rohilla by M'Cluer; and the river Granis, for which he allots a place, is not five miles from Bender-Regh. If, however, the two distances agree, though neither of them singly is correct, we may account for it from the circumstance of their employment in the former part of their course, » #853 Vincent, William, The voyage of Nearchus and the periplus of the Erythrean Sea translated from the Greek, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1809, ~ vol. 1 p. 398 ※ SOURCE for Rowlah « Rowlah » in {map#1117 Chart of the Head of the Gulph of Persia, John McCluer (Dalrymple edition), 1786, British Library: 435.k.17, folio 367} ※ SOURCE for Rudhalla « ROHILLA-Lat. 29° 13' 45". Long. 50° 43' 27". Elev. To the south of Bandar Rig, and immediately north of the Bushahr creek, lies a flat corn-growing circle of some ten Arab villages, known as Rohilla; indeed, it may be remarked that, coming southward from the Chab territories, the plain, there wholly pastoral, becomes gradually patched with corn, until, towards Rohilla, large breadths are found under the plough. A fresh-water stream, fordable only in one or two places, runs through this district, which none the less depends solely on rain. It is traditioned that this Rohilla, or Rudhalla, river received a portion of the waters turned by the earthquake from the Kalil river of Ganawah, the remainder of that stream having burst northward towards Bihbahan, and found its exit in the Hindian, in an affluent of that river, meeting it near Zaitun, and in the southernmost tributary of the Jarahi. The outlet on the sea for the Rohilla produce is at Shiaf (q.v.), a small port on the northern shore of the Bushahr creek, about 3 miles distant from the nearest village of this circle. » #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ pp. 503-4 ※ SOURCE for Ruhilla « Ruhilla a small district » in {map#1016 Persian Gulf. Western Sheet, Constable and Stiffe, 1917, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837b} « The district of Ruhilla may have also have fallen under Baqir Khan's sway sometime later. (66) The tribes in Shubaukara and Ruhilla for years had been important allies of the al-Muzkur. fn. 66. In 1849, the resident reported that hostilities had broken out between the Bani Hajir tribe of Rudhilla and the Damukh." Baqir Khan supported the Bani Hajir. (Bushire Residency Records, R/15/1/117, p. 349.) » #798 Grummon, S. R., The rise and fall of the Arab shaykhdom of Bushir, 1750-1850, thesis, ~ p. 167 ruined building ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.975769 long 53.102688 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: approx. 27x20m outline over 34x30m ruin debris. 68m to south arectangular cistern, open 20x3m, VARIANT names: ruined building ? , Rukhaneh-ye Geri : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11776651 coordinate: lat 27.197645 long 55.638889 NIMA/GNS names: Rukhaneh-ye Geri , رودخانه گری , VARIANT names: Rukhaneh-ye Geri , Ruknabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081318 coordinate: lat 27.235167 long 53.426458 NIMA/GNS names: Roknabad , Ruknabad , Zeknabad , رکن آباد , زکن آباد , VARIANT names: Ruknabad , ※ SOURCE for Ruknabad « RUKNABAD .. 21 m. General direction N.W. Seven hours. The road is first over an undulating plain and then through precipitous passes. A road diverges hence to Ishkamān, 12 miles, and Bastak, 55 miles. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 53 [above excerpt from Route No. 11 Bandar Muqam to Lar 114 miles. 6 stages. authority Jones, 1856. PBR] « The Fars-nama-yi Nasiri mentions a second Ruknābād in Färs: "The source of the warm stream of Ruknābād is part of the district of Bikha-yi Fal (Lāristān); it is over a farsakh north of the village of Ruknābād; having a bad flavour and an unpleasant smell, it is of no use for agriculture; it cooks in a few minutes eggs put into it; one can only bathe in it at some distance from the spring" (ii, 318 middle, 288). » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 8 p. 600 Rul Dadnah : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -784047 coordinate: lat 25.554814 long 56.345455 NIMA/GNS names: Rol Dadnah , Rul Dadna , Rul Dadnah , Rul Dhadna , VARIANT names: Dadena , Rual , Rul Dadnah , ※ SOURCE for Dadena « dadena » shown on south side of Arabian Gulf from west to east « calba, Melque[…], Rocalima, Julfar, daba dadena cofacan c. mocamdam » in {map#830 "Welserkarte", Ribero, Diogo, 1530 Seville, Bayerische StaatsBibliothek} and in #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ map 17 p.107 « Dadena » shown on south side of Arabian Gulf from west to east « Calba, REGNO/ DE/ ORMUZ, Roccalima, Dadena, Corfcan, C. Mochandan, Doba, Orfacan » in {map#825 Il Disegno Della Seconda Parte Dell' Asia, Giacomo Gastaldi, 1561, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Map Collection} and in #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ map 29 p.132-134 « Dadena » shown on south side of Arabian Gulf from west to east « Calba, Roccalima, Dadena, Corfcan, C. Moasandaon, Doba, Orfacan » in {map#914 Persia Sive Sophorum Regnum, Willem Janszoon Blaeu, 1640, Barry Lawrence Ruderman stock# 44360}} and in #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ map 38 p.170-1 « Dadena » shown on south side of Arabian Gulf from west to east « Calba, Dadena, Guitfar, Cap Muxa ou Mossandam, Pinder, Lima, Orfacano » in {map#915 Partie Occidentale d'une D'Asie ou sont les Isles De Zocotora De l'Amirante, Pierre Mortier, 1700, Barry Lawrence Ruderman stock# 53050} and in #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ map 51 p.210-1 « Rul Dadnah ? » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006 ~ map 51 p.418 « DADENA, a port of the CaIudaei, Arabia, N. of Dabanegora. The abode of Dedan, grandson of Cush. Dedan. » #682 Hazlitt, William, The Classical Gazetteer, A Dictionary of Ancient Sites, Whittaker and Co., 1851 ~ p. 130 ※ SOURCE for Rual « Two miles to the southward of Ras Dibbah is the fort and village of Rual ; a mile and a half further Reema ; six miles to the southward of which is a similar place, called Chunum ; between which and Khore Fukaun are the villages of Beddya and Zebana, between which villages there is a rocky islet half a mile off shore. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p.624 ※ SOURCE for Rul Dadnah « Rul Dadnah, near modern houses and cultivated areas. Description and interpretation: Site 65 contains a large mound with a structure eroding out of the surface and the remains of a tower approximately 200 m to the southwest of the mound. The mound is oval in shape and measures approximately 16 · 10 m across and 1 m high (Fig. 83). The structure eroding from the mound is constructed of large blocks of farouj and local limestone. » #1263 Brass, Leanne and Britton, Georgia, An archaeological survey of northern Fujairah, United Arab Emirates, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2004 (Nov.) ~ p. 192 Rumeshkan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ADM2 UFI: 15360309 coordinate: lat 33.27678734 long 47.40253167 NIMA/GNS names: Rumeshkan , Shahrestan-e Rumeshkan , رومشکان , شهرستان رومشکان , VARIANT names: Rumeshkan , Rumetha : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3103057 coordinate: lat 31.5261111 long 45.2063889 NIMA/GNS names: Ar Rumaythah , Rumaith , Rumaitha , Rumaithah , Rumeitheh , Rumetha , Ubaiyidh , VARIANT names: Rumetha , Runiz Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081539 coordinate: lat 29.192 long 53.7687 NIMA/GNS names: Rowniz , Rowniz-e `Olya , Rowniz-e Bala , Runiz , Runiz Bala , Runiz-e Bala , رونیز , رونیز علیا , VARIANT names: Rohnis-i Bala , Runiz Bala , Runiz-i-Bala , ※ SOURCE for Rohnis-i Bala « At 9 miles a new fort, Kalat-i-Khan, is passed situated about 3 miles to the north. Rohnis-i Bala, good sized village, with large fruit- gardens. Supplies; about 100 cows and 300 sheep; also about 15 horses. Fair amount of grain and bhusa procurable. Water good. Naib in charge lives at Kalat-i-Khan. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 124 ※ SOURCE for Runiz Bala « Rūniz-bālā, the principal village of the tract, reached after a total march of 18 miles, proved half deserted owing to the damage its qanāts had suffered. From there, on the morning of February 22nd, I visited a spot known as Tal-Hasani,¾ mile to the south, where a small streamlet, descending from the range, accounts for a few orchards. Here on a low terrace-like piece of ground some digging done for building a walled enclosure had brought to light worked flints along with painted potsherds, and the specimens picked up resembled in type the chalcolithic pottery of Kanakan. The flatness of the ground and its limited extent did not recommend the spot for excavation though it clearly had seen a chalcolithic settlement. A stretch of small mounds was next visited half a mile to the west of Rūniz- bālā. It extends for about 250 yards and was shown by its glazed potsherds, some of them lustred, to have been occupied in medieval times (see 21-23, Pl. XXVII). » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 175 ※ SOURCE for Runiz-i-Bala « At 9 miles the road runs through some low hills, beyond which is the hamlet of Maiman. The remainder of the road is over a stony plain to Runiz-i-Bala, reached at 12 miles. Water. Good but limited from a qandt at Murchak. Fuel. Moderate. Fodder. Plentiful. Supplies » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 160 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 25.991447 long 56.343901 VARIANT names: Rus al Jibal east peak , ※ SOURCE for Rus al Jibal east peak « Ru us al Jibal (25°50'N., 56°10'E.), a mountainous promontory of which the Musandam Peninsula is the N end, extends about 48 miles N from Ras Diba. This mountainous promontory has precipitous coasts, and overhanging cliffs in some places, but at the mouths of the valleys are many small sandy bays. The E side, as well as the N part of the W side, of Ru us al Jibal is indented by numerous inlets in which for the most part the depths are considerable. The Musandam Peninsula has an especially irregular coastline. Except for scanty vegetation in some of the fissures of the hills and some date groves in a few of the small valleys, the land is barren. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ Jabal al Harim (Jabal ash Sham), a small table-topped peak p. 274 Rustakh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081382 coordinate: lat 28.4486 long 55.0726 NIMA/GNS names: Rastagh , Rostaq , Rusaq , Rustakh , Rustaq , رستاق , VARIANT names: Rosak , Rostak , Rustakh , ※ SOURCE for Rosak « called Chahardang, leaving this on the left and following the valley for a mile, crossed over a small hill;??after going for another hour got to the village of Rosak. Distance 28 miles. The village is in a very tumbled-down condition, with no accommodation, but it is very picturesquely situated. The hills to the north are high and bold; those to the south, whilst of inferior height and much broken up, some with a considerable amount of scrub, have abrupt sides and sharp bold peaks. In the valley itself, clumps of myrtle, with several large isolated konar trees, aided the picture, whilst a good deal of cultivation, with a fair stream of clear water running through the centre, completed it. In no place was the road impassable to wheeled carts, nor is there a difficult place about it. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 14 ※ SOURCE for Rostak « gravissons ensuite une montagne , et nous descendons dans un autre vallon , avant d'entrer à Rostak , misérable village entouré de murs , dont le riz et le blé sont les seules productions . On nous donna pour logement une maison délabrée qu'habitait autrefois un khân . On y voit encore plusieurs bassins et deux tours carrées . Les appartemens étaient rafraîchis par des tuyaux ventilateurs pratiqués dans l'épaisseur des murs . [We then climb a mountain, and we descend into another valley, before entering Rostak, a miserable village surrounded by walls, of which rice and wheat are the only products. We were given accommodation in a dilapidated house that had once been inhabited by a khan. We can still see several pools and two square towers. The apartments were cooled by fan pipes made in the thickness of the walls.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 362 ※ SOURCE for Rustakh « This route passed Tarom, Forgh, Rustak, Darab, Darakan, Fasa, Sarvestan and then Shiraz, and from there onwards to Isfahan. This was the normal trade route prior the reign of Shah `Abbas I (1587-1629) . » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 252 and #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 67 Rustam Castle : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.28298 long 48.843598 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rustam Castle , Rustami : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.747758 long 54.33361 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rustami , ※ SOURCE for Rustami « Partito adunque di Lar l'otto di giugno, il mercoledi sera di notte, già che per la stagione calda non era tempo da far molto inoto col sole, la mattina del giovedi, fatto giorno, passai una montagnuola che si chiama Rustami, [Having left Lar on the eighth of June, on Wednesday evening at night, since it was not a good time to be out of the sun due to the hot season, on Thursday morning, when it was day, I passed a small hill called Rustami,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 353 Ruz Badan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081561 coordinate: lat 28.8148 long 52.6146 NIMA/GNS names: Ruz Badan , Ruzbedan , Ruzbodan , Ruzidan , روز بدان , VARIANT names: Rozbedan , Ruz Badan , ※ SOURCE for Rozbedan « Rozbedan » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Ruzanak : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 34.44621912 long 61.50910974 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ruzanak , ※ SOURCE for Ruzanak « 2231. RUZANAK Or RABAT-I KHISHT-I PUKHTA. Original: Lat. 34º 270 N, long. 61º 300 E. Map 51. Revised: 34.44621912 N, 61.50910974 E / 34º 260 46.38882480 N, 61º 300 32.79506400 E. Herat Province. About 3 km north of the Hari Rūd on the road to the Iranian border. Description: A ruined baked brick caravanserai. Fieldwork: 1884 Maitland, Peacocke, ABC—topographical survey. Sources: 1. Peacocke 1887a: 56—mention. 2. Maitland 1888a: 132—mention. 3. Maitland and Drummond 1888: 22—mention. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 446 S Sirjan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: S Sirjan , ※ SOURCE for S Sirjan « Other variants: none Details: The location of Sirjan marked (Morgan and Leatherby, 1987: 25, pl. 1 ). No. of sherds: 368 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Sa`adatabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081574 coordinate: lat 30.1506 long 52.6391 NIMA/GNS names: Sa`adatabad , سعادت آباد , VARIANT names: Sa`adatabad , Sa`dabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081656 coordinate: lat 28.8588 long 53.7279 NIMA/GNS names: Sa`dabad , سعد آباد , VARIANT names: Sa`dabad , Sa`dabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081657 coordinate: lat 29.3845 long 51.1148 NIMA/GNS names: Sa`dabad , سعد آباد , VARIANT names: Sa`dabad , Saidabad , ※ SOURCE for Sa`dabad 3088 ※ SOURCE for Saidabad « Saidabad » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Sa`diyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: TMB UFI: 10069359 coordinate: lat 29.62249692 long 52.5831479 NIMA/GNS names: Aramgah-e Sa`di , Maqbareh-ye Sa`di , Sa`diyeh , آرامگاه سعدی , سعدیه , مقبره سعدی , VARIANT names: Sa`diyeh , Saady's tomb , ※ SOURCE for Saady's tomb « At 14 miles we descended by a very stony road lead- ing through the mountains; and at the 21st mile, approaching the poet Saady's tomb, I was met by a small party » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 78 Sa`idan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083570 coordinate: lat 30.003985 long 53.005815 NIMA/GNS names: Sa`idan , Saidun , Seydan , Seyyedan , Sidan , سیدان , VARIANT names: Sa`idan , Saadat Abad Kushk Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.612219 long 53.862905 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Qal'a-i-Makurd , Saadat Abad Kushk Castle , ※ SOURCE for Qal'a-i-Makurd « From the half-ruined hamlet, to which a qanāt carried along the foot-hills from below Zahidan used to bring water, we visited on January 29th the ruined hill stronghold known as Qal'a-i-Mākurd. It occupies the narrow top of a completely isolated mesa-like hillock, rising some 250 ft. above the open valley in which the flood-bed of Fasā here turns SW. Almost vertical layers of sandstone provide the flat top with a natural wall on all sides except at its narrow NW. end, where the difficult ascent was guarded by a tower which had now become a shapeless knoll. Remains of wall-foundations could be traced along the cliffs. The almost complete decay of the circumvallation and the type of the plentiful potsherds strewing the interior suggested that the hill-top had been occupied in early Muhammadan times, if not before. Some of the pottery with fine ribbing and incised ornamentation bore an old appear- ance, and the fragment of a large green-glazed vase with bold relief decoration (Mak. 8; 36, Pl. XXVII) might well date from Sasanian times. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ pp. 159-60 « Qal'a-i-Mākurd » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} ※ SOURCE for Saadat Abad Kushk Castle online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] Sa'adatabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLX UFI: 10439098 coordinate: lat 28.054463 long 55.877338 NIMA/GNS names: Sa`adatabad , سعادت آباد , SaAdatabad Caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3070533 coordinate: lat 30.418762 long 50.646485 VARIANT names: SaAdatabad Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for SaAdatabad Caravanserai located in « Sa`adatabad » UFI -3757497 NIMA names: Sa`adatabad, سعادت آباد and 150 metres due west of « Khan `Avazi » UFI -3070533 coordinate lat 30.418889, long 50.648056 NIMA/GNS names: Khan `Avazi, خان عوضی detail from the Caravanserais of Iran dataset provided by the EAMENA Project Endangered Archaeology in the Middle East and North Africa, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford online reference link « We next entered a charming valley, shaded by clumps of trees, enclosed by high mountains, and watered by the river Shem Si-'arab (1), which winds its course through the hills in a S.W. direction. Having left the ruins of a kárvánseráï on the right, we crossed the river, and entered the plain of Lishter. fn. 1 Probably the Brizana of Nearchus (Vincent, p. 373). » #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~ p. 84 Saafavi bridge : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.400747 long 47.446565 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Saafavi bridge پل صفوی بیستون VARIANT names: Bisitun bridge , Saafavi bridge , Safavid bridge Bisutun , ※ SOURCE for Bisitun bridge « At mile 3½ the River Dinavär is reached (a tributary of the Gamasisb), the bridge over which is known as the "Bisitün Bridge." It is built of brick with 4 arches, with a total span of 63 yards. The Turks damaged the crown of the second arch from the right bank on its upstream side. On 25th March 1918, the remaining portion of the roadway on this arch, which is 13 yards in span, was only 2 ft. 6 in. wide. This remaining portion has a bad oblique crack, but a new pillar is being built in the centre of the broken arch (2-8-18). The normal width of the roadway is 7 yards. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 155 ※ SOURCE for Safavid bridge Bisutun « Abb. 137. Bisutun, Lageplan » #3474 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1996 Band 2:Teil 1: ~ p. 83 Sabakhi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081591 coordinate: lat 27.74542 long 52.149912 NIMA/GNS names: Sabakhi , سبخی , VARIANT names: Sabakhi , ※ SOURCE for Sabakhi « A deux kilomètres au-delà de Mianlou, nous passons Sabakhi qui compte environ vingt maisons. Les montagnes s'approchent encore de la côte et la route suit de près le bord de la mer. [Two kilometres beyond Mianlou, we pass Sabakhi which has about twenty houses. The mountains come closer to the coast and the road follows the seashore closely.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 78 Sabbaa river : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.800021 long 64.581767 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Hilma River , Hilma River , Left Bank of Helmund River , Sabbaa river , ※ SOURCE for Hilma River « Den 18.rei-seten wir von hinnen über den Fluß Hilma. Den 19. ga ben wir den Persianischen Gränken gute Nacht. [On the 18th we traveled from here across the Hilma River. On the 19th we said goodnight to the Persians.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 69 ※ SOURCE for Left Bank of Helmund River « 6. Left Bank of Helmund River (22 miles 5 furlongs — 74 miles). — Water abundant, from irrigation channels and from the river. Very little cultivation on this side of the river and but few dwellings. Road generally good and hard. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 331 ※ SOURCE for Sabbaa river « The 9. day we went ouer the plaines some 12. course, and came to a great Riuer which diuideth the land of the Puttans from Persia, and there we paid custome for our Owts or Camels and rested 2. daies by the Riuer side.The 12. day we were ferried ouer the Riuer, which is called Sabbaa to a castle a course from thence, and neer to a Towne called Grees.This Riuer diuideth the confines of the great Mo|goll and the King. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 49 Sabla : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3196603 coordinate: lat 30.5 long 48.3 NIMA/GNS names: Sabla , Sableh , سابله , سبل , VARIANT names: Sabla , ※ SOURCE for Sabla « The Felláhíyeh Canal, which runs through the town of that name, and joins the Kárún near Sablah, is a very ancient canal. It was deepened and repaired a few years ago by the Cha'b Sheikh, and the workmen discovered an ancient anchor embedded in the soil. When the dam exists, it can admit of the passage of boats carrying four kharwárs. . » #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846 ~ p. 68 Sabzabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081632 coordinate: lat 31.731319 long 49.450938 NIMA/GNS names: Sabzabad , Sabzabad-e Kuchek , Sabzabad-e Sofla , سبز آباد سفلی , VARIANT names: Sabzabad , Sabzabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.895968 long 50.850107 VARIANT names: Sabzabad , ※ SOURCE for Sabzabad coordinates of « Sabzabad » based on {map#1145 BUSHIRE, , 1923, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/6/2, f 101, in Qatar Digital Library} Sabzavar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3392375 coordinate: lat 33.3036111 long 62.14 NIMA/GNS names: Asfazar , Sabzavar , Sabzawar , Sabzevar , Shindand , Sindand , VARIANT names: Sabzavar , Sabzawar , ※ SOURCE for Sabzawar « 27. Sabzawar (8 miles-307 miles 4 furlongs). The road follows the right bank of the Adraskand until Sabzawar is reached, and crosses the Gudar Khana pass. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 17.39675 long 52.643851 VARIANT names: Sacamum , Sachalitis , ※ SOURCE for Sacamum « D2 | Sachalitis § Sacamum | RL | region between Ras Fartak and Ras Mirbat OMN | Schnetz 1920, 398 » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory, Map 4 Arabia-Azania, p. 48 ※ SOURCE for Sachalitis « Plaides Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 17.5, 52.5 » D.T. Potts, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, and Jeffrey Becker, 'Sachalitis: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2014 at online reference link [accessed 10 Mar 2023] NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.5 long 47.75 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Sacer Bay , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Sacer Bay AT Kuwayt lat 29.5 long 47.75 [Groom], ※ SOURCE for Sacer Bay « In terms of distance we cannot measure south from latitude 32'30' in this region, because Ptolemy's location of places along this part of the 32'30' parallel was totally inaccurate. But if Sacer Bay is accepted as Kuwayt, then it is interesting to look at his distances south from that known position. Ptolemy clearly believed that the coastline here ran directly northlsouth, although it really runs north-west to south-east. For this reason his latitudes would have been worked out to accord exactly with the journey distances down the coast. The distance from Sacer Bay to Gerrha, which he shows as just short of 5 degrees of latitude, was therefore calculated from a distance measurement just short of 2500 stadia, equivalent to about 460 kilometers. That distance along the coast south-east from the Bay of Kuwayt falls very slightly north of al- Uqayr, with Ptolemy's Bilbana falling in the general area of al-Qatif. » #197 Groom, Nigel, Eastern Arabia in Ptolemy's map, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1986, 16:65-75 ~ p. 68 « Area of the Persian Gulf of the Tribe of the Abucei Sacer bay 78 15 28 15 » #2637 Fee-Alexandra Haase, The Representation of the Arabian Peninsula Before the Establishment of the Gulf States: The Contemporary Areas of ‘Oman,’ ‘United Arab Emirates,’ ‘Saudi Arabia,’ and ‘Bahrain’ in a Diachronic Study of Ethnonyms and Toponyms in Historical Arabic and English Sources, SSRN, 2013, ~ p. 99 Sachum : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 109687 coordinate: lat 28.545 long 54.4822 NIMA/GNS names: Sachoon , Sachum , Sachun , ساچون , VARIANT names: Sachum , Sachun , ※ SOURCE for Sachun « Sachun » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} sad sasani saroji ghoosi gir kolat : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 27.832007 long 52.269485 Supplement: Sassanid Saroji Arch Dam, Kalat سد ساسانی ساروجی قوسی گیر کلات VARIANT names: God-i Sal be Kuh (J22) , sad sasani saroji ghoosi gir kolat , ※ SOURCE for God-i Sal be Kuh (J22) « God-i Sal be Kuh (J22), two km beyond Kuh-i Padri, a large dam, made of sārāj and rubble, closing a gh gorge. Only half of the dam survives; it was over 25 m long, 3.5 m wide at the top and over 15 m high, forming an arc with the concave surface facing down stream. Two semicircular buttresses supported the outer, concave face of the dam. Below the dam is a series of conduits, terrace walls, and fragments of buildings; one of the buildings, cut by the flow of water, shows walls and floor in section, buried beneath 1.5 m of silt. The description of this complex is very reminiscent of Stein's (1937: 215) Kul-i Kharg. V » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ pp. 81-2 Sadara : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081724 coordinate: lat 27.5237 long 52.9211 NIMA/GNS names: Sadara , Sadereh , صادره , VARIANT names: Sadara , Sadat Kala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3389335 coordinate: lat 32.05 long 64.4333333 NIMA/GNS names: Sa`adat Qal`a , Sa`adat Qal`eh , Sadat Kala , Sadat Killi , Sadat Qala , Sadat Qal'eh , VARIANT names: Sadat Kala , Sadd-e Bahman : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.1926 long 52.6324 NIMA/GNS names: Sadd-e Bahman , سد بهمن , VARIANT names: Band-i Bahman , Sadd-e Bahman , ※ SOURCE for Band-i Bahman « al-Istakhri と Ibn Hawqalによれば、ここは〈Kuwarの?の??水の?入れ口(maqsam ma' madinat Kuwar)〉である、と (47) al-Muqaddasiは、ここをKūl, または Kuwal と記して いる (48) Shirāzから54km, Qarah Aqāj (Agāj/Aghāch) ?の?辺には、ササン朝期のBand-i Bahman と?ばれる?址??が?されている(????no.4 ??)(49) [According to al-Istakhri and Ibn Hawqal, this is the drinking water intake for the town of Kuwar (maqsam ma' madinat Kuwar) (47) al-Muqaddasi writes that this is Kūl or Kuwal (48) 54 km from Shirāz, on the bank of the Qarah Aqāj (Agāj/Aghāch) River, there is a remains of a dam called Band-i Bahman from the Sassanid period (see photo no. 4) (49)] » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ p. 34 ※ SOURCE for Sadd-e Bahman « Here, from time immemorial, a stone dam has supplied water to the the canal which irrigates the Kavar plain. The legendary and heroic monarch Bahman is said to have been the original maker. In Fath Ali Shah's time (early in the present century) the dam was carried away, and was rebuilt for 4000 tomans. This, of course, represents principally the price of materials, most of the labour being obtained free from the villages that live by the water. This winter the dam had broken again, and all the waterchannels were dry. The Qavvam had already begun to repair the damage. Neither dam nor river can be seen from the road ; the mouth of the defile is six miles distant on the right, and the river is so deep sunk as to be invisible till its banks are reached. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 79 Sadd-e Khaki-ye Lar : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: BDG UFI: 11818966 coordinate: lat 35.889172 long 51.996556 NIMA/GNS names: Sadd-e Khaki-ye Lar , سد خاکی لار , VARIANT names: Sadd-e Khaki-ye Lar , Sadd-e Qal'eh Dukhtar : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.001391 long 53.055063 Supplement: bridge see also Abb. 15. Sadd-e Qal'eh Dukhtar (Kavar-Tadovan), Plan VARIANT names: Sadd-e Qal'eh Dukhtar , ※ SOURCE for Sadd-e Qal'eh Dukhtar « 7. Ein weiterer übergang sei noch erwähnt, der ebenfalls in das Streckennetz der Safaviden zwischen Shiraz - Djahrom - Lar - Bandar Abbas gehört (Abb. I). Es handelt sich um die Reste einer Sadd-e Qaleh Dukhtar genannten Brücke, die 42 km südöstlich von Ka var (siehe S. 315) über den Rud-e Mand führte und von der nur noch ganz bescheidene Reste unter einer neuen Brücke zu erkennen sind. Immerhin ist die alte Brückenstelle mit 3 Durchlässen erkennbar, die den Weg von Kavar nach Tadowan in einem Felsdurchbruch des Flusses über das hier besonders reißende Gewässer führte (11). Die Gesamtlänge dieser Brücke betrug emst mit dem südlichen Brückenkopf 30 m, ihre Beite knapp 3 m (Abb. 15). Die Brücke liegt 1400 m ü. N.N. fn. 11 Sadd-e Qal'eh Dukhtar wurde am 7. 12. 1984 aufgenommen [7. Another crossing should be mentioned, which is also part of the Safavid route network between Shiraz - Djahrom - Lar - Bandar Abbas (Fig. I). It is the remains of a bridge called Sadd-e Qaleh Dukhtar, which led 42 km southeast of Kavar (see p. 315) over the Rud-e Mand and of which only very modest remains can be seen under a new bridge. At least the old bridge with 3 passages can be seen, which led the way from Kavar to Tadowan in a rock gap in the river over the particularly rapid water here (11). The total length of this bridge, including the southern bridgehead, was 30 m, and its width was just under 3 m (Fig. 15). The bridge is located 1400 m above sea level. 11 Sadd-e Qal'eh Dukhtar was recorded on 7 December 1984] » #3212 Wolfram Kleiss, Safavidische und qadjarische Brucken in Iran II, AMI N.S. XIX, 313-338., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, Berlin, 1986 Band 19: ~ pp. 321-2 Sadij : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081732 coordinate: lat 25.701725 long 58.708839 NIMA/GNS names: Sadaich , Sadeych , Sadich , Sadij , Sadovij , Sedich , سديچ , VARIANT names: Sadij , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Sadij FOR Ommana [Salles], Sadrabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081748 coordinate: lat 29.2402 long 53.1725 NIMA/GNS names: Sadrabad , صدر آباد , VARIANT names: ghale tarikhi sadarabad , Sadrabad , ※ SOURCE for ghale tarikhi sadarabad Sadrabad Historical Castle قلعه تاریخی صدرآباد Sadrabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081753 coordinate: lat 31.92242 long 53.586304 NIMA/GNS names: Sadr Abad Pishkooh , Sadrabad , Sadrabad-e Pishkuh , صدر آباد , VARIANT names: Sadrabad , Safi Qoli Caravanserai, Juyom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.251029 long 53.982303 Supplement: from google maps VARIANT names: Safi Qoli Caravanserai, Juyom , ※ SOURCE for Safi Qoli Caravanserai, Juyom Safi Qoli Caravanserai, Juyom کاروانسرای صفی قلی Safiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3777165 coordinate: lat 30.4101 long 56.9475 NIMA/GNS names: Safiabad , Tolombeh-ye Izadi , Tolombeh-ye Safiabad , صفی آباد , VARIANT names: Safiabad , Safiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086360 coordinate: lat 35.4573 long 53.3202 NIMA/GNS names: Safiabad , Sufiabad , صوفی آباد , VARIANT names: Safiabad , Safqut : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788624 coordinate: lat 16.761727 long 53.488725 NIMA/GNS names: Al Hawtah , Al Hawtah , Safkut , Safqat , Safqot , Safqut , Safut , الحوطة , صفكوت , VARIANT names: Safqut , Safra : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.719234 long 53.444909 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Rebelo's description is insufficient to determine a location. However Rebelo's of subsequent stages especially the Jews 7 league to a large caravanserai indicate this provisional location. VARIANT names: Safra , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Safra AT Khafr lat 28.9728 long 53.2034 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Safra « Nous marchâmes alors jusqu'à huit heures et nous reposâmes quand monta la chaleur dans un village du nom de Safra. L'endroit est très frais, il y pousse beaucoup de cyprès, on y voit des vergers et des vignes, et je m'allongeai pour la sieste à l'ombre d'un olivier touffu, qui évoqua en moi plus de souvenirs qu'aucun des arbres de ces pays. [We then walked until eight o'clock and rested when the heat rose in a village called Safra. The place is very cool, there are many cypresses, orchards and vineyards, and I lay down for a siesta in the shade of a thick olive tree, which evoked more memories in me than any of the trees of those countries.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 113 Sag Davan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081823 coordinate: lat 28.473121 long 53.059495 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) NIMA/GNS names: Sag Davan , Sagdun , Sekeh Ravan , Shahrak-e Sakravan , سکه روان , شهرک سکروان , VARIANT names: Sag Davan , Sagdun , Segdawan , ※ SOURCE for Sagdun « Sagdun » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection fig. Shiraz-444-C} ※ SOURCE for Segdawan « 255 to Segdawan » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 167 Sagand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081825 coordinate: lat 32.52917 long 55.242862 NIMA/GNS names: Sagand , Saghand , Saqand , ساغند , ساغند , ساقند , سگند , VARIANT names: Bibe , Sagand , Seagan , Sukand , ※ SOURCE for Bibe « The 5. day we went 15. forsongs for want of water in a most barren and day Country and came to a town called Bibe, where we rested two daies and two nights. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 52 ※ SOURCE for Seagan « The 4th, ten p. to Seagan. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 216 ※ SOURCE for Sukand « The following day we marched 13 miles to the village of Sukand, or Sagand, as it is more usually called. This place is said to derive its name, which means sweet water, from the fact that the water is here really sweet, which is very rare in this part of the country, the water in rllost places being brackish. Sukand is a poor village, situated in a fort, but has a fine brick caravanserai. The people live by grazing flocks of fat-tailed sheep on the sparse vegetation of the less barren patts of thc desert. » #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.), 3:9:513-46 ~ p. 516 Saghand Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.527781 long 55.241872 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Saghand Caravanserai کاروانسرای ساغند VARIANT names: Saghand Caravanserai , Saghay : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3389515 coordinate: lat 32.2 long 63.05 NIMA/GNS names: Saghay , VARIANT names: Saghay , Schat , Sehawe , ※ SOURCE for Schat « Der 9. Septemb. lieferte uns zur Nachtruh den Plak Schat, welcher deur gestrigen ganz ähnlich war. [On September 9th we had Plak Schat for the night, which was very similar to yesterday's.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 68 ※ SOURCE for Sehawe « « The 21. day we trauelled some 5 or 6 forsongs in the night to a Towne called Sehawe, and thus for certaine daies we trauelled al by night by reason of the extreame heat in the day time. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612~p. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 50 Sagi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082372 coordinate: lat 34.108056 long 49.546346 NIMA/GNS names: Sagi , Saqi , ساقی , VARIANT names: Sagi , Sagzi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013076 coordinate: lat 32.6907 long 52.1243 NIMA/GNS names: Saghzi , Sagzi , Sajzi , Segzi , Sejzi , سجزی , سگزی , VARIANT names: little village , Sagzi , Sedſe , ※ SOURCE for little village « The eightéenth day, we trauelled fiue forsongs to a little Uillage. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 53 ※ SOURCE for Sedſe « Die Reise des 24. Julii endigte sich im Dorffe Sedſe. Wir hatten alles genung/nur kein susses Wasser. [The journey of July 24th ended in the village of Sedse. We had everything we needed, except fresh water.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 62 Saham : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788637 coordinate: lat 24.172222 long 56.888611 NIMA/GNS names: As Saham , Saham , Saham Town , Sahm , VARIANT names: Saham , Soham , ※ SOURCE for Soham « Soham » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. Wellsted Royal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} Sahlabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081879 coordinate: lat 34.370944 long 49.558402 NIMA/GNS names: Mahmudiyeh , Sahlabad , Salihabad , سهل آباد , محمودیه , VARIANT names: Sahlabad , ※ SOURCE for Sahlabad « At 21¾ miles is the village of Sahlābād. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 239 Sahra-i-Faskhand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.500492 long 54.049724 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sahra-i-Faskhand , ※ SOURCE for Sahra-i-Faskhand « 5 SHAHRA-I-FASKHAND 18 m. Six hours. The road goes through an open country. Camp in an open desert. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 459 Sahra-ye Bagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054481 coordinate: lat 27.499086 long 54.03119 NIMA/GNS names: Bagh , Sahra-ye Bagh , باغ , صحرای باغ , VARIANT names: Sahra-ye Bagh , Saifabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083583 coordinate: lat 29.518337 long 51.705708 NIMA/GNS names: Saifabad , Seyfabad , Seyfabad-e Now , سیف آباد , سیف آباد نو , VARIANT names: Saifabad , Saimareh River : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3085825 coordinate: lat 33.0745 long 47.5656 NIMA/GNS names: Ab-e Simareh , Rud-e Karkheh-Sa`id Mareh , Rud-e Sa`id Mareh-e Karun , Rud-e Simareh , Rudkhaneh-ye Samireh , Rudkhaneh-ye Simareh , Rudkhaneh-ye Simareh , Saidmarra Rud , Saimareh River , Siamarreh Rud , رودخانه سمیره , رودخانه سیمره , VARIANT names: Saimareh River , Sain Khud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.584116 long 54.360156 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sain Khud , Senachet , ※ SOURCE for Sain Khud « SAIN KHUD-A small caravanserai with a hauz in the district of Lar. It is situated on the road from Lär Bastak about 9 miles south-east of the former place.- (Craufurd, 1911.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 L-Z p. 860 « Sarai Seh Nakhud (Sain Khud) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} ※ SOURCE for Senachet « nach dessen Überquerung man die kleine, heute abgekonmeno Siedlung Senachet erreicht, auf deren Resten dan erste Karavanserail an dieser Strecke steht (Abb. 13, Taf. 6/1). [After crossing it, one reaches the small, now deserted settlement of Senachet, on whose remains the first caravanserai on this route stands (Fig. 13, Pl. 6/1).] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ p. 10 Saint Jacob of Nisibis Church of New Julfa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.636 long 51.65794 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Saint Jacob of Nisibis Church of New Julfa , ※ SOURCE for Saint Jacob of Nisibis Church of New Julfa « Saint Jacob Church was built in 1607. Later in 1613, a larger church, by the name of St. Mary Church, was built beside it. » online reference link [accessed 17 May 2025] NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 16.104831 long 53.683825 VARIANT names: Sakhalin gulf , ※ SOURCE for Sakhalin gulf « Der Name Zaxaλitys xóλros für die große Bucht zwischen Räs Fartak und Ras Mirbat, die aus der al-Qamar-(Mond-)Bucht und der Bucht von Zufär¹ besteht fn. 1 1 Zufar oder Dufar, heute oft Dhofar genannt » [The name Zaxaλitys xóλros [Sakhalin gulf] for the large bay between Ras Fartak and Ras Mirbat, consisting of al-Qamar (Moon) Bay and the Bay of Zufär¹, fn. 1 1 Zufar or Dufar, now often called Dhofar] #2719 Hermann von Wissmann, Walter W. Mu¨ller, Das Weihrauchland Sa’kalan, Samarum und Moscha (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch - Historische Klasse. Sitzungsberichte), Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1977 ~ p. 5 Sakhvid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081960 coordinate: lat 31.514306 long 54.088691 NIMA/GNS names: Sakhvid , سخوید , VARIANT names: Sakhvid , Salala : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788664 coordinate: lat 17.015046 long 54.09237 NIMA/GNS names: Al Kathir , As Salala , As Salalah , Salala , Salalah , صلالة , VARIANT names: Salala , Tsu-fa-erh , ※ SOURCE for Tsu-fa-erh « 651 [Dhufar]. Al-Mansura (name obsolete), town, ruins at Al-Balad, 2 miles east of Salala, 17° N, on the south coast of Arabia. [f. 21; Gibb, The Travels, vol. 2, p. 382, n. 71] » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 1 p. 223 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 24.20796 long 53.810012 VARIANT names: East India Companys Islands , Salali islands , ※ SOURCE for East India Companys Islands « East India Companys Islands » in {map#1101 Reduced copy of chart of the Gulf of Persia, Brucks, 1830, [?531b] (2/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/732, p 531A, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Salali islands « SALALI سلالي A long island or chain of islands off the coast of Dhafrah in Trucial 'Oman; it begins 28 miles south-west of Abu Dhabi Town and extends westwards some 30 miles, parallel to the mainland and at a short distance from it. If we regard the group as one island, the land being practically continuous at low water, we may say that the east end is called Salali, the middle Abul Abyadh l, and the west end Miqaishit. The extreme western end is called Ras Miqaishit. Salali is included in the Abu Dhabi Principality. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 1652 Salallah 30 : arch. site OMN UTM: DD370801 converted to coordinate: lat 26.0385048841794 long 56.3702913441934 VARIANT names: Salallah 30 , ※ SOURCE for Salallah 30 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 49 Salehabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053213 coordinate: lat 32.461496 long 48.353677 NIMA/GNS names: Andimeshg , Andimeshk , Andimishk , Andremeshl , Salehabad , اندیمشک , VARIANT names: Salehabad , Salihabad , ※ SOURCE for Salihabad « 6 Pass ruins of Salihabad. » #3521 A Handbook of Mesopotamia, Volume II, Irak, The Lower Kārūn, and Luristan, Admiralty and War Office, London, 1917 ~ vol. 2 p. 262 Salem Abadeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082047 coordinate: lat 28.443218 long 51.128427 NIMA/GNS names: Rusta-ye Salemabad , Salem Abadeh , Salemabad , Salim Abad , Salim Abadeh , روستای سالم آباد , سالم آباد , سالم آباده , سليم آباد , VARIANT names: Salem Abadeh , Salim Abadeh , ※ SOURCE for Salim Abadeh « Salim Abadeh, situated close northward of Karri, is a village that is easily identified by the very dark background which is peculiar to it; at its northern end is a date grove and at its southern end arr a few conspicuous palms. A square tower and a conspicuous mosque stand about one mile northward of the village. Bunju and Khúr Shahábi are the next two villages. 'Omari, situated about 6 miles northward of Karri, has, near its centre, a conspicuous square tower; there is a fairly large date grove northward of the village. At the northern end of the village is a mosque which, though obscured from northward, shows up well from southward. » #353 The Persian Gulf Pilot 1870 - 1932 8th edition, Archive Editions, Slough, 1989 ~ p.158 Salemiyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082048 coordinate: lat 31.537992 long 49.283853 NIMA/GNS names: Salemiyeh , Salmiyeh , Seh Leyleh , Sulaimaniyeh , سالمیه , VARIANT names: Salemiyeh , Salil 71 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 585 957 converted to coordinate: lat 22.56062 long 58.54154 VARIANT names: Salil 71 , ※ SOURCE for Salil 71 « Mud-brick fortified dwelling » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 56 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Salman-e Farsi Dam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.533887 long 53.120512 VARIANT names: Salman-e Farsi Dam , ※ SOURCE for Salman-e Farsi Dam « Historical sites include a Sassanid city, in which habitation dates back to local rulers remaining from the Achaemenid era, a unique fire temple, an Achaemenid royal house and several graves dating back to the early Islamic era. Many other ancient sites are being devoured by the dam located near the city of Jahrom in Fars Province about 120 km southeast of Shiraz, the Persian Service of CHN reported on Wednesday. A large number of ornaments and Sassanid graves were also discovered during two seasons of excavations conducted by an archaeological team led by Alireza Jafari-Zand that began in 2007, shortly after the Sassanid city was identified. The team discovered an artifact bearing traces of Hellenistic artistic style. The artifact bears images of two faces looking in opposite directions engraved on a flat piece of ivory. It is the second time that such an artifact has been found at an ancient site in Iran. The engraved object is estimated to date back to a period between 200 BC and 200 CE when local states, concurrent with the rise of the Parthian Empire, arose and ruled the region after the Seleucids, he explained. A similar artifact was discovered by a Belgian archaeologist, Louis Vandenberg, at an ancient site in the Izeh region of Khuzestan Province about 70 years ago. Jafari-Zand believes that the fire temple discovered by his team is unique due to its iwan opening toward the sun. The fire temple had been buried under stones and it took two months for the archaeologists to remove them. Lunate ceilings cover the temple, which are surrounded by corridors for pilgrims to circle the site. Over the past decade, Iran’s dam construction projects have become a major threat to the cultural heritage of the whole country. The reservoir of the Sivand Dam, which flooded a large section of the Bolaghi Valley in Fars Province, was the most controversial case. The region had over 130 archaeological sites dating from prehistoric periods to the early Islamic era. » Tehran Times 06jun2010 online reference link [accessed 19 Dec 2024] Salt Mine site forts : arch. site SAU UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 25.836437 long 50.054654 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Salt Mine site forts , ※ SOURCE for Salt Mine site forts [approximate location based on Figs. 1 and 3 in #2928 Michel Mouton, The settlement patterns of north-eastern and south-eastern Arabia in late antiquity, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2009 vol. 20:pp.185–207 with Potts date below. PBR] « In the winter of 1940-1 P. B. Cornwall visited a site which he considered to be of the Chalcolithic Age' c.25 km. north-west of al-Uqayr. … which is often referred to as 'the Salt Mine Site' …Perhaps the most impressive feature of the site is the extensive remains of irrigation works and fields visible on aerial photographs of the area. (130) On the strength of both the surface finds and the aerial image of the region, the Danish expedition conducted surface reconnaissance and sondage here in 1968. At least some of the structures noted may be dated to the Hellenistic period. These include a 'fort', measuring roughly 50 m. on a side, which consisted of a stone rampart topped with mud brick. A small trench excavated here in what Bibby called the 'sabkha fort' produced several sherds comparable to types known from Thaj and Hellenistic Bahrain.(131) Identical results were obtained in a sounding carried out at a second structure. This was the so-called 'inland fort'. It measured 49 m. by 52 m. and was constructed of large stone ashlars. The irrigated fields associated with this site were undoubtedly fed by the Muhallim or Wadi Aftan, described early in this chapter. The contention has sometimes been made that this was the site of ancient Gerrha,(132) but there is no evidence to support this. (133) fn. 130 D. Linton, 'Aerial Aid in Archaeology', Natural History, 70 (1961), 24-6. fn. 131 Bibby, Preliminary Survey, fig. 39. fn. 132 e.g. by Burkholder, An Arabian Collection, 31. fn. 133 Lombard, 'The Salt Mine Site', thoroughly discusses the arguments for and against the identification of the site with Gerrha, concluding in the negative. fn. 134 Burkholder, An Arabian Collection, 35. » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ vol. 2 pp. 56-7 Samad 28a : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 176 217 converted to coordinate: lat 22.79877 long 58.14578 VARIANT names: Samad 28a , ※ SOURCE for Samad 28a « Cairn tombs and (?) habitation site » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 46 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Samad 28b : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 269 201 converted to coordinate: lat 22.78364 long 58.23624 VARIANT names: Samad 28b , ※ SOURCE for Samad 28b « Cairn tombs and (?) habitation site » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 46 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Samahij : place BHR NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -785053 coordinate: lat 26.28 long 50.635 NIMA/GNS names: Samahidj , Samahij , Simahij , سماهيج , VARIANT names: Samahij , ※ SOURCE for Samahij « Apart from these finds there are, however, toponymic indications of at least two settlements datable to the Sasanian period. Samahig, a village on the north coast of Muharraq, preserves the name of the Nestorian bishopric Mašmahig, attested in the acts of the Nestorian synods in 410 and 576 (see below). In 1914 'old foundations' were noted here. (125) Further west on Muharraq is the village of Dayr, the Aramaic name of which means 'cloister', 'monastery',(126) Thus, Dayr is almost certainly the site of one of the numerous Nestorian monasteries known to have existed in the region. These names, together with the literary evidence attesting to a substantial Nestorian population on Bahrain in the fifth, sixth, and seventh centuries, suggest that it is only a matter of time before more archaeological material of comparable date is discovered there.. fn. 125 E. Sachau, Die Chronik von Arbela (Abh. d. Königl. Preuss. Akad. d. Wiss., phil.-hist. Kl., 6; Berlin, 1915), 27. fn. 126 For Aramaic dayr, see S. Fränkel, Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (Leiden, 1886), 275. For a discussion of Christian clerical terms in Arabic, cf. C. Hechaimé, » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ vol. 2 pp. 124-5 Samail : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLS UFI: -788998 coordinate: lat 23.316667 long 58.016667 NIMA/GNS names: Sama'il , Sifalat Samail , Sufalat Sama'il , VARIANT names: Samail , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.2713889 long 50.6302778 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Samaim , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Samaim AT Sumaismah lat 25.5747222 long 51.4863889 [Tibbetts], POSSIBLE LOCATION of AT Jazirat al Muharraq lat 26.2713889 long 50.6302778 [Monteiro], ※ SOURCE for Samaim « samaim, sarmai [portuguese name] [no arab name] Sumaisah [modern equivalent] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 ~ p. 99 « Samaim » in {map#884 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 5V. [O-E], Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see PMC vol. 2 EST 216 and AHduGP map 31 « SAMAIM, ilha de Ilha que Diogo do Couto situa a duas léguas da Bahrem ou Bahrein, no golfo Pérsico, que propendemos a identificar com a Al-Jarim, em 26° 26 lat. N. e 50° 33' long. E., obra de quatro léguas ao norte da Bahrein. [Diogo do Couto-Da Ásia]. [SAMAIM, an island that Diogo do Couto places two leagues from Bahrem or Bahrain, in the Persian Gulf, which we tend to identify with Al-Jarim, at 26° 26 lat. N. and 50° 33' long. E., four leagues north of Bahrain. [Diogo do Couto-Da Asia].] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 130 « Foi D. João de Noronha fazendo sua viagem sem novidade até às proximidades de Barém. Então, como lhe tivesse ficado para trás uma fusta, resolveu fundear ao abrigo da ilha de Samaim à espera dela. O pior é que a fusta deve ter passado pela ilha durante a noite sem ser notada e conti- nuou a caminho de Barém confiadamente, na suposição de que o resto da armada já lá se encontrava. Deste desencontro resultou que, ao outro dia de manhã, os turcos que estavam nas duas galés fundeadas em Barém ficaram atónitos ao verem entrar no porto com todo o à-vontade uma fusta portuguesa! [It was D. João de Noronha making his uneventful trip to the vicinity of Bahrain. Then, as he had a fusta left behind, he decided to anchor in the shelter of the island of Samaim and wait for her. What is worse is that the fusta must have passed the island during the night without being noticed and continued on its way to Bahrain confidently, on the assumption that the rest of the armada was already there. This mismatch resulted in the fact that, the next morning, the Turks who were on the two galleys anchored in Bahrain were astonished to see a Portuguese fusta enter the port with all their ease!] » #2821 Monteiro, Armando da Silva Saturnino, Batalhas e combates da Marinha Portuguesa, 1992 ~ vol. 3 p. 210 and Fig. BARÉM – 1559 p. 212 Samangan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082128 coordinate: lat 34.451689 long 47.554909 NIMA/GNS names: Samangan , Samangan-e `Olya , سمنگان علیا , VARIANT names: Samangan , Samangan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLF UFI: 10074792 coordinate: lat 27.9925 long 52.3539 NIMA/GNS names: Samangan , Samangi , سمنگان , سمنگی , VARIANT names: Samaghan , Samangan , Semangiz , ※ SOURCE for Samaghan « At mile 11 theroad passes Samaghan. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 155 ※ SOURCE for Semangiz « Semangiz is the westernmost village in the long narrow Dar al-Mizan valley. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 92 Samarkand : place UZB NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2578646 coordinate: lat 39.6541667 long 66.9597222 NIMA/GNS names: Gorod Samarkand , Samarkand , Samarqand , Samarqand Shahri , VARIANT names: Maracanda , Samarkand , ※ SOURCE for Maracanda owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Maracanda, 66.95, 39.667, UZ, nkn, exact, 141, tmcIRa0100_022a » ※ SOURCE for Samarkand Maracanda, it was the capital of Sogdiana and was captured (329) by Alexander the Great. #EB2002 Samawa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3103220 coordinate: lat 31.3094444 long 45.2802778 NIMA/GNS names: As Samawah , Samawa , Samawah , VARIANT names: Samawa , Semawa , ※ SOURCE for Semawa « We arrived in the evening at Semawa, a large walled village inhabited by sedentary Arabs. Although we had seen several bodies of horsemen in the distance, whom my companion declared to be Bedouins, we managed to avoid them, and were not molested on our way. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 2 p. 193 Samian Bridge : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.421215 long 53.214756 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pol-e Samian , Samian Bridge , Shahidabad Bridge , ※ SOURCE for Samian Bridge online reference link [accessed 08 Apr 2025] Sana : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083475 coordinate: lat 28.4525 long 51.604167 NIMA/GNS names: Sana , Sena , Shena , Sina , سان , سنا , شنا , VARIANT names: Sana , Shanana , ※ SOURCE for Sana « Sana » in {map#1172 Index Map to routes in Persia vol. IV part II., , 1922, [?308r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, f 308, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Shanana « and Shanana of our text is the modern Sana in the Dashti District, lying 4 leagues to the north-west of Shambah (FNN. 212-13). » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 260 Sanan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082173 coordinate: lat 28.8071 long 53.7517 NIMA/GNS names: Sanan , Senan , سنان , VARIANT names: Sanan , ※ SOURCE for Sanan « Track is passable for artillery throughout stage. Fidishküh is a large village, with cultivation and date groves surrounding it. The village of Sannun is quite close to it. Supplies obtainable in very fair quantities. Water from a stream. A force would have to camp some distance outside village, as space near it is somewhat limited owing to cultivation and gardens. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 195 Sanandaj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082174 coordinate: lat 35.314948 long 46.998831 NIMA/GNS names: Sanandaj , Senna , Senneh , Sinandij , Sinneh , سن , سنندج , سنه , VARIANT names: Sanandaj , ※ SOURCE for Sanandaj « Sanandaj » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 3 Karte Irans, Ausschnitt der Regionen Teheran - Esfahan - Shiraz} Sangan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082213 coordinate: lat 34.39851 long 60.257984 NIMA/GNS names: Sangan , Sangan Pa'in , Sangan-e Pa'in , Sangun-e Pa'in , Sangun-i-Pain , سنگان , VARIANT names: Sangan , Sangar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10338900 coordinate: lat 29.99848 long 52.146492 NIMA/GNS names: Sangar , سنگر , VARIANT names: Sangar , Sang-e Siah : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.338394 long 51.160478 VARIANT names: Sang-e Siah , ※ SOURCE for Sang-e Siah « Sang-e Siāh (Black Stone) is located 10 km northwest of Borāzjān, in the region of Dashtestan. The archaeological site is about 400 m from the Dālaki River which flows in the south. The building consists of a central, columned hall, 24 x 20 m, with two rows of eight columns (fig. 1). The column bases were made of four square plinths caped with a torus. The columns were probably in wood with gypsum plaster. Four columned porticoes were located on the sides of the central hall, with the eastern portico being larger and having 28 columns. » at online reference link Sang-e Siah BH48 : arch. site IRN UTM: 515848, 3245449 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3380349671705 long 51.1632444306358 VARIANT names: Sang-e Siah BH48 , Sang-i Siah Palace , ※ SOURCE for Sang-e Siah BH48 « The second Achaemenid site excavated in Dashestan is Sang-e Siah, which is a monumental building located approximately 9.5 km North of Charkhab (Fig. 2; BH48 in Fig. 3), and 400 m North of the Dalaki river (Yazdani, Firuzmandi 2016: 217) between the latter and the Shapur river. The structure is called Sang-e Siah (Persian for ‘black stone’) since the uncovered part of the columns observed during the first visit of the site were all black (Karimian, Sarfaraz, Ebrahimi 2010: 54; 2011: 48). A larger part of the site is still awaiting excavation (Yaghmaee 2018b: 100). Although the entire structure has yet to be uncovered, the archaeologist was able to reconstruct the plan of the monument based on the excavated parts (see below). » #2870 E. Matin, The Achaemenid Settlement of Dashtestan (Borazjan): A View from Persepolis, ISMEO, 2020 ~ p. 337 coordinates converted from UTM in #2872 Carter, R.A., K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman, H. Tofighian, The Bushehr Hinterland: Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November- December 2004, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 44:pp. 63-103 ~ Table 3. Site gazetteer p. 10 « These included water-mill structures (BH11D); dams (BH24); wells (BH14) excavated and bulldozed Achaemenid “palaces” (BH27 and BH48); a large square collapsed stone-built building (e.g. BH38) » #2872 Carter, R.A., K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman, H. Tofighian, The Bushehr Hinterland: Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November- December 2004, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 44:pp. 63-103 ~ p. 11 « Professor A. Sarfaraz discovered several Achaemenid sites in the region, including a palace near Borazjan, Char Khab (BH27), which he dated to the later years of Cyrus the Great (Sarfaraz 1971–72; Sarfaraz 1973). This was later reinvestigated by the Bushehr Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organisation. Professor Sarfaraz investigated another Achaemenid Palace at Sang-e Siah (BH48), a site which has now been entirely bulldozed. » #2872 Carter, R.A., K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman, H. Tofighian, The Bushehr Hinterland: Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November- December 2004, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 44:pp. 63-103 ~ p2 ※ SOURCE for Sang-i Siah Palace Persian text omitted. « While a group of explorers of the Charkhab Palace were busy exploring, the locals of the area reported the existence of ruins of another palace, in the vicinity of Dalaki, near the village of Jatoot; these ruins were called the "Black Stone" palace in the vicinity of Dalaki. As the excavations in Charkhab continued, it became clear that Charkhab was neither a large palace nor extensive grounds, but only a dwelling, as the palace had been completely destroyed by the Macedonian soldiers, looted, plundered, and destroyed, and the monsoon floods of the plains had also destroyed the ruins left by Alexander's soldiers. On the other hand, the achievements of the excavation of the Black Stone Palace are as follows: a central hall, four porches on all sides of this hall, and four doorways connecting the hall to the porches. For example, at first glance, the Black Stone Palace is equal to the Bar-e-Am Palace of Cyrus in Pasargadae, and there is not the slightest duality or inconsistency in the structural features of these two Achaemenid structures. Although not all parts of the Black Stone Palace have been excavated and nearly nine of them still remain untouched underground, we can discuss their equality and harmony. » #3428 Ismail Yaghmaie, Sang-i Siah: A Palace that No Longer Exists: An Investigation on the Achaemenid Palace of Sang-i Siah; Dastestan-Bushehr, Archaeology, 2019 vol. 3:no. 1: ~ p. 76 Sangestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082293 coordinate: lat 34.783934 long 48.595083 NIMA/GNS names: Sangestan , Sangistan , سنگستان , سنگستان , VARIANT names: Sangestan , Sangistan , ※ SOURCE for Sangistan « At 14 miles the road is very stony; Sangistän village, 100 houses, is passed on left. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 241 Sang-i-Tu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLT UFI: -3196687 coordinate: lat 29.8 long 56.1 NIMA/GNS names: Saiyid Hidaiyat , Sang-e Tu Saray , Sang-i-Tu , Seyyed Hedayat , VARIANT names: Sang-i-Tu , ※ SOURCE for Sang-i-Tu ref1511p655 Saqamqam : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -784180 coordinate: lat 25.174666 long 56.330388 NIMA/GNS names: As Saqamqam , Sakamkam , Saqamqam , VARIANT names: Sakamkam , Saqamqam , Secumcum , ※ SOURCE for Sakamkam « Sakamkam » in {map#1009 Chart 2837a. Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet, Constable, Stiffe, Guy, Brucks, 1860, 'Persian Gulf. Eastern Sheet' [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837a, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Secumcum « Secumcum » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. WellstedRoyal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} Saqdar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082366 coordinate: lat 28.8474 long 57.8706 NIMA/GNS names: Saqdar , Saqder , سقدر , VARIANT names: Saqdar , Sar : place BHR NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -785058 coordinate: lat 26.1941667 long 50.4819444 NIMA/GNS names: Sar , VARIANT names: Sar , ※ SOURCE for Sar « Work is continuous on the Bahraini tomb-fields, for they are so immense that, inevitably, modern development is constantly requiring the destruction of many areas of them annually. The archaeologists try, at best, to keep ahead of the bulldozers. Near the village of Sar, where the mounds are particularly densely concentrated," extending over many acres, several types of tomb, different from others on the island, have been identified; one rises high above the plain and is ringed by smaller subsidiary burials, for all the world like the burials of retainers around the great mastabas of the early kings of Egypt." But this cannot be, for the dates of the Sar tombs are from early in the second millennium, nearly a thousand years after the practice was discontinued in Egypt. The tomb at Sar may merely be that of some great man or a particularly revered or patriarchal figure around whom others chose to be buried, in the hope that this propinquity would bring dividends in the afterlife. » #381 Rice, Michael, The Archaeology of the Arabian Gulf : c. 5000-323 BC, Routledge, London:New York, 1994 ~ p. 183 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.1 long 48.6666667 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Sar , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Sar AT Ra's az Zawr lat 28.7433333 long 48.3963889 [Slot], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Sar AT Bandar Misha`ab lat 28.1 long 48.6666667 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Sar « Sar » midway between « J. de Aguada » and « Tenora » in {map#898 Océan Indien, Blaeu, Joan, 1691, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, Ge SH 18e pf 213 div 3 p 1/4 RES} « These Portuguese maps and maps derived from them of a later date contain another name in the region of Kuwait: Sar, usually on the mainland opposite Ilha de Aguada. This name which occurs on the best maps of the Portuguese tradition which do not contain fictive names, might possibly be identified with Ras al Zor. » #2936 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1991 ~ p. 12 «There exists another old tradition, that of the Portuguese nautical maps (and Linschoten, see plate 2), which has only the name of ’Sar’ between the island of Aguada/Faylaka and Tanura. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 422 « Sar » midway between « I: Aguada » and « Tenora » in {map#964 312 Kaart van de Indische Zee, van de Kaap de Goede Hoop tot Japan, Anonymous, 17th c, Nationaal Archief, 4.VEL_312} see AHduGP map 48 {map#875 Deliniantur in hac Tabula, Orae Maritimae Abexiae, Freti Mecani: al Maris Rubri: Arabiae, Ormi, Persiae, Supra Sindam usque …, published by J.H. van Linschoten, 1596, Sanderus, Item Number: 5934} about which Slot comments «The map of the western part of Asia published by Jan Huygen van Linschoten. View of the whole. It is the earliest printed nautical map to use the best available Portuguese data and shows Ilha de Agoada as Sar. » #2617 B. Slot, The Origins of Kuwait, Center for Research and Studies on Kuwait, Kuwait, 1998 ~ Pl. 6 pp.26-7 Sar Asiab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082530 coordinate: lat 30.534387 long 56.959944 NIMA/GNS names: Sar Asiab , Sar Asiab-e Shesh , Sar Asiab-e Shesh , Sar Asiab-e Shesh Farsangi , Sar Asiyab , Sar Asyab-e Shesh , Sar-i-Asiab , سر آسیاب شش , VARIANT names: Sar Asiab , Sar Bisheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082583 coordinate: lat 32.307709 long 48.611952 NIMA/GNS names: Sar Bisheh , سر بیشه , VARIANT names: Sar Bisheh , Sar Dahan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082650 coordinate: lat 33.29641 long 51.879197 NIMA/GNS names: Sar Dahan , سر دهن , VARIANT names: Sar Dahan , Sar Gachinu (G2) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 27.633404 long 52.506165 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sar Gachinu (G2) , ※ SOURCE for Sar Gachinu (G2) « Sar Gachinu (G2), located three kilometres further along the track, is a fine caravanserai (partly destroyed by recent road building) on a narrow ridge (Fig. 70). The caravanserai has a high puinted-arch gateway flanked by three vaulted rooms on either side, all perfectly preserved. Recent mounds of rubble suggest that many more rooms were preserved forming a "square serai" (called Gachino by Stein 1937: 214). The structure is reminiscent of the caravanserai at Konar Siah visited by Vanden Berghe (personal communication; d. Vanden Berghe 1961: 169). Behind the gateway is a large courtyard, 30 m2, with stables against the far wall, which have a preserved height of 1.5 m. Opposite the caravanserai is a single building, which measured 12 x 12 m and appeared to be of stepped construction; the preserved height at the centre was 2.5 m. There is a row of cisterns about 200 m west of the caravanserai, the best preserved of any found on the trip. Each cistern measured 21 x 6 m, and had rounded ends and eight semicircular buttresses along the sides and ends; they stood about 2.5 m high and were at least 3 m deep. Parts of the vaulting were still in place; the opening for drawing water was on the southeastern end of each cistern. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 87 Sar Gandab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3793582 coordinate: lat 33.5053 long 46.8957 NIMA/GNS names: Sar Gandab , Seh Gandab , سر گنداب , VARIANT names: Masabadhan , Sar Gandab , ※ SOURCE for Masabadhan « short distance before reaching its reed huts the path led along the foot of steep cliffs where a number of hot sulphur springs issue. They combine at first to form a beautiful bluish pool of limpid water, and lower down feed a marshy streamlet. These hot springs make it appear probable that Arbujan, which Arab writers mention as the second town of Masabadhan and as holding three hot springs, corresponds to Sar-gandab ; for Masabadhan has long ago been identified with the Sh'irwan tract closely adjoining Rudbar, and I could not learn of any other hot springs there but those at Sar-gandab. 1 The description quoted from M is tar ibn M uhalhil speaks of the water of the springs flowing towards Benden'ijain, a locality placed by Yaqut within Mihrijan-kudhak, z".e. Saimareh, and notes that the town had no ancient remains. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 225 ※ SOURCE for Sar Gandab « Next day a short and easy march brought me from Cham-Siab to Sar-gandab, the main hamlet of Rüdbär, » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 224 Sar Khun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082907 coordinate: lat 31.750144 long 50.550118 NIMA/GNS names: Sar Khun , Sar Khun-e `Olya , سر خون , سر خون علیا , VARIANT names: Sar Khun , Sar Mashdad : arch. site IRN UTM: 571656 E, 3240093 N converted to coordinate: lat 29.287757077164 long 51.7377302496381 VARIANT names: Sar Mashdad , Sarmashad , ※ SOURCE for Sar Mashdad « Sar Mashdad » in {map#1174 Figure 1. Distribution of the tal-e khandaghs studied (Encarta 2009)., , , #3086 Parsa Ghasemi, Tal-e Khandagh (“Moated Mound”): A Military Structure in Ancient Fars, Near Eastern Archaeology, 2012 vol. 75:no. 4:pp. 240-251 ~} « The Tal-e Khandagh at Sar Mashhad » #3086 Parsa Ghasemi, Tal-e Khandagh (“Moated Mound”): A Military Structure in Ancient Fars, Near Eastern Archaeology, 2012 vol. 75:no. 4:pp. 240-251 ~ p.243 ※ SOURCE for Sarmashad « Sarmashad » in {map#1160 Fig. 1 Location of Fahlian and other way-stations on the Royal Road (modified from Mostafavi 1967), , , #3067 Yoshihiro Nishiaki, Fahlian (Tape Suruvan), Faras, Iran, Laboratory for Prehistoric Archaeology of West Asia, The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, 2020 ~} Sar Mashhad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082934 coordinate: lat 29.290893 long 51.703057 NIMA/GNS names: Sar Mashhad , Sar Meshad , سر مشهد , VARIANT names: Sar Mashhad , ※ SOURCE for Sar Mashhad « I have been unable to identify the site of Sar Mašhad among the towns and villages of Färs, described by Islamic geographers and historians. Istahri speaks of several villages in the district of Dašt-i-Bārin in Fārs, one called Jür and another Bar, where there was a spring of healthful water. The latter village might have been on the site of Sar Mašhad (21). It is probable that the importance of the Sasanian town declined soon after the Muslim conquest. On the return trip, following an easier route skirting the mountains, we passed extensive ruins of a city at the southern end of the valley in which Sar Mašhad is located. These ruins may be tentatively identified as the site of medieval Ghundijan, which lay to the west of Jireh. Another possibility is the town of Fahlan, which also lay to the west of Jireh (22). From Bala Deh I returned to Kazerun and thence to Shapur. Here the bas-reliefs were photographed and squeezes were secured of the in- scriptions of Apasay on a fallen pillar (23). The following day I returned to Shiraz in an oil tanker over the spectacular passes of Dukhtar and Pir-i-zan. fn. 16 Cf. M. Sprengling, Kartir, Founder of Sasanian Zoroastrianism, The American Journal of Semitic Languages, 57 (1940), I97-228. fn. 17 Sprengling, op. cit., Herzfeld in his Archaeological .History of Iran (Oxford, 1935), and others fn. 19 Sprengling, op. cit., 227. I have used my copy of the inscription, with a few minor deviations from Sprengling in the translation. fn. 20 Ibid., 215- fn. 21 Isjabri, 152, 12. fn. 22 The exact location is unspecified, cf. K. Miller, Mappae Arabicae (Hamburg- Stuttgart, 1929), 3. Band, 3. Beiheft, Islam Atlas M 10 (Fars), Taf. 28. fn. 23 R. Ghirshman, Inscription du monument de Chapour 1 à Chapour, Revue des arts asiatiques 10 (1938), 123-129. » #3082 Richard N. Frye, Report on a Trip to Iran in the Summer of 1948, Oriens, 1949 ~ Sar Mastan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082937 coordinate: lat 28.040556 long 51.828889 NIMA/GNS names: Sar Mastan , Sarvestan , Sarvistan , سر مستان , سروستان , VARIANT names: Sar Mastan , Serbistan , ※ SOURCE for Serbistan « Serbistan » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} Sar Tang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082749 coordinate: lat 27.364688 long 55.065028 NIMA/GNS names: Sar Tal , Sar Tang , Sar-e Tal , Sar-e Tall , Sar-e Tang , Sar-e Tol , سر تل , سر تل , سر تل , سر تل , سر تنگ , سر تنگ , VARIANT names: Sar Tang , Sertang , ※ SOURCE for Sertang « Den 24. dito trokken wy voorby 3 Karrawanſera's, Ahaſimaal, Bascomakoe, en Sertang genaamd, hebbende elendige huis-veſting. [On the 24th we passed by three Karrawanſeras, called Ahaſimaal, Bascomakoe, and Sertang, who had miserable housing.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 266 Sar Tang-e Chekchek : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10437718 coordinate: lat 28.3985 long 55.0655 NIMA/GNS names: Sar Tang-e Chekchek , سر تنگ چکچک , VARIANT names: Sar Tang-e Chekchek , Tang-i Cak Cak feuerheiligtumer , Tang-i Chak Chak , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i Cak Cak feuerheiligtumer « I Tang-i Cak Cak liegt an der Piste, die von Därab nach Furg führt, zwi- schen Rustāq und Furg. Es handelt sich um zwei Monumente, die entfernt von jeder menschlichen Ansiedlung am Eingang einer Schlucht, ca. 50 m auseinander liegen. [I Tang-i Cak Cak is located on the track that leads from Därab to Furg, between Rustāq and Furg. These are two monuments that are located at the entrance to a ravine, about 50 m apart, far from any human settlement.] » #3098 Klaus Schippmann, Die iranischen Feuerheiligtümer, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 1971 ~ p. 82 ※ SOURCE for Tang-i Chak Chak « Elles étaient sites de rochen, F'entrée d'un ravin, au lieu dit Tang-i Chak Chak 1) à mi-chemin enter Rustak et Furg, [They were rock sites, at the entrance to a ravine, at a place called Tang-i Chak Chak 1) halfway between Rustak and Furg,] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 180 Sarab-e Bahram : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082420 coordinate: lat 30.047548 long 51.558349 NIMA/GNS names: Sarab Bahram , Sarab-e Bahram , سراب بهرام , VARIANT names: Sahraï Behram , Sarab-e Bahram , ※ SOURCE for Sahraï Behram « At a quarter past 11 A.M. we reached the plain called Sahráï Behrám, at the entrance of which I found sculptured on a rock a bas-relief representing that Prince, his face turned to the beholder, seated with two erect figures on each side of him. » #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~ p. 77 ※ SOURCE for Sarab-e Bahram « Sarab-e Bahram » #3122 ed. D.T. Potts and K. Roustaei, The Mamasani Archaeological Project Stage One, Iranian Center for Archaeological Research, Tehran, 2006 ~ Plate 2. Dasht-e Nurabad (Landsat 7 artificially coloured image). Sarab-e Dureh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLA2 UFI: -3082430 coordinate: lat 33.5639 long 48.0221 NIMA/GNS names: Sarab Darreh , Sarab Doreh , Sarab Dowrah , Sarab Dowreh , Sarabdowreh , Sarab-e Do Rah , Sarab-e Dowreh , Sarab-e Dureh , سراب دوره , VARIANT names: Sarab-e Dureh , Sarab-e Kalan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3794358 coordinate: lat 33.5736 long 46.7185 NIMA/GNS names: Sarab-e Kalan , سراب کلان , VARIANT names: Sarab-e Kalan , Sarab-e Naveh Kesh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG UFI: 10080662 coordinate: lat 33.5229 long 48.114 NIMA/GNS names: Sarab-e Naveh Kesh , سراب ناوه کش , VARIANT names: Sarab-e Naveh Kesh , sarai (in ruins) : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.985425 long 52.912568 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: approxinate location based on map VARIANT names: sarai (in ruins) , ※ SOURCE for sarai (in ruins) « sarai (in ruins) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Shiraz H-39Q 1948} sarai ? Puzeh : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.968453 long 52.883734 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: approximate location according to map VARIANT names: sarai ? Puzeh , ※ SOURCE for sarai ? Puzeh « sarai ? » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Shiraz H-39Q 1948} Sarai Rud-i Biyaban : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 30.30116977 long 61.40352193 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sarai Rud-i Biyaban , ※ SOURCE for Sarai Rud-i Biyaban « 991. SARAI RUD-I BIYABAN Original: Lat. 30º 18’ N, long. 61º 23’ E. approximately. Map 94. Revised: 30.30116977 N, 61.40352193 E / 30º 18’ 04.21117308 N, 61º 24’ 12.67896240 E. Nimrūz Province. In the Rūd-i Biyābān 3 km south-east of the Iranian border and 11 km west of Gina Kuhna. Dates: Parthian and Indo-Parthian, 2nd cent. BC–AD 3rd cent.; Sasanian, 3rd–7th cent.; early Islamic, 8th–13th cent. (ceramic). Description: Remains of a rectangular building, probably a caravanserai, measuring c.180 x 150 m with a tower at each corner. There is a second, smaller building to the southwest. Fieldwork: 1951 Fairservis, AMNH—survey. Source: Fairservis 1961: 60 and 63—brief description (Site RB 14). » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 332 Sarai-i-Dasht Anjir : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 31.473585 long 50.378376 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sarai-i-Dasht Anjir , ※ SOURCE for Sarai-i-Dasht Anjir « Sarai-i-Dasht Anjir » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. H-39C Deh Diz} Sarap : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.455101 long 54.974168 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sarap , ※ SOURCE for Sarap « Op den wegy ontmoeten ong eenige Bosch-Rovers / die ons ook aanvielen; maar sy wat nader komende/bevonden sich te swak / en gaben sich drijvende op de blucht/ after latende 7 dooden. Wp verlooren daar ook twee Mannen / en voerden ses Gequetsten mede; brecsende boor een sterker Trop: begroeven onse Dooden / en verbonden de Sequctsten/ en borderden onsen wegh / komende des avonts by een klepu Do?pjen / Sarap genoemt / alwaar wy onfe nacht rust namen. Defen dagh hadden wp 6 mijlen gerepft. [On the road we met some Bosch robbers who also attacked us; but they who came closer/found themselves too weak/and found themselves floating on the air/after leaving 7 dead. Wp also lost two Men there / and took with them six Gequetsten; breaching drill a stronger Trop: buried our dead / and bandaged the Sequctsten / and bordered usen roadh / coming in the evening at a klepu Do?pjen / called Sarap / where we took rest one night. The defense had covered 6 miles.] » #3243 Jan Janszoon Struys, Drie aanmerkelijke en seer rampspoedige Reysen, Meurs, 1677 ~ p. 363 « Auff dem Bege begegneten uns etliche Räuber/ die uns ans fielen/ aber indeme sie näher herzukahmen/ und befanden/daß wir ihnen zu starck und machtig waren/gaben sie sich zurücke/ und liessen sieben Todten auf dem Blas. Wir verlohren zween Männer/ und führeten 6. Verwundete mit uns. Beil wir uns aber befürchteten/daß wir von einem stärckern Truppen möchten überfallen werden/ fo begruben wir in der Eyl unser Todten/ver- bunden die Verwundeten/und machten uns aus dem Staube/worauff wir des Abends bey ein kleines Dörflein kamen / Sarap ge nennet/ alwo wir wiederumb ausruheten. An diesem Tage hatten wir sechs Meilen gereiset. [On the way we met a number of robbers/ who attacked us/ but as they came closer/ and found/ that we were too strong and powerful for them/ they retreated/ and left seven dead on the scene. We lost two men and carried six wounded with us. But because we were afraid/that we would be attacked by a stronger force/so we buried our dead in the Eyl/bandaged the wounded/and made our escape/whereupon we came to a small village in the evening/Sarap ge names/ where we rested again. We had traveled six miles that day.] » #3258 Joh. Jansz. Straußens, Sehr schwere/ wiederwertige/ und Denckwürdige Reysen/ Durch Italien/ Griechenland/ Lifland/ Moscau/ Tartarey/ Meden/ Persien/ Türckey/ Ost-Indien/ Japan/ und unterschiedliche andere Länder, von Meurs, Amsterdam, 1678 ~ p. 197 « Un peu audelà de ce Village nous fûmes attaquez par des voleurs qui ne trouvérent pas avec nous ce qu'ils s'étoient imaginé. Nous les repouſſames ſi vivement qu'ils prirent la fuite bien-tôt après. Il y demeura ſept de leurs gens et deux des nôtres. Nous enterrâmes ces derniers, mî- mes nos bleſſez ſur des ânes, et allâmes coucher à un village nommé Sarap. [A little beyond this Village we were attacked by thieves who did not find with us what they had imagined. We repulsed them so strongly that they fled soon afterwards. There remained seven of their people and two of ours. We buried the latter, placed our wounded on donkeys, and went to sleep in a village called Sarap.] » #3257 Jan Janszoon Struys, Glanius (Monsieur), Les voyages de Jean Struys, en Moscovie, en Tartarie, en Perse, aux Indes, et en plusieurs autres païs étrangers, 1718 ~ vol. 3 p. 61 Sararud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082516 coordinate: lat 34.3356 long 47.3237 NIMA/GNS names: Sararu , Sararud , Sararud-e Pa`in , Sararud-e Pa'in , Sararud-e Sofla , سرارود پائین , VARIANT names: Sararud , Savarud , ※ SOURCE for Savarud « At mile 13 the remains of marble walls and columns are to be seen. At mile 16¼ is the village of Savarid. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 155 Saraw-kalan fort : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.574991 long 46.712582 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: not exact VARIANT names: Saraw-kalan fort , ※ SOURCE for Saraw-kalan fort « Though lying in the continuation of the rocky spur which overlooks the site of Saraw-kalan or Shirwan, it must be in the main of artificial origin. It bears on its top the remains of a ruined fort about 160 yards in circumference, perhaps of Sasanian origin. The walls, built with rough stones and very hard mortar, have decayed almost to the level of the ground. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 229 Saray-e Golshan : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.682875 long 54.338545 VARIANT names: Saray-e Golshan , ※ SOURCE for Saray-e Golshan « Das safavidische Karavanserail Saray-e Golshan, für welches in der Bevölkerung auch die Namen Saray-e Camal-Sadeh und Saray-e Fromar Seh Giroshi bekannt sind, liegt an der Südostseite des Meidan-e Qaysarieh und wird von diesem durch einen breiten Iwan mit je einer Nische links und rechts davon betreten. Das außen 52 X 52 m und im Hof 29X 26 m messende Bauwerk ist ein typisches Hofkaravanserail mit Räumen an den Längsseiten und Stallungen in den Ecken, Zu beiden Seiten des Einganges liegen je vier kleine, quadratische Läden wobei in den dem Eingang am nächsten gelegenen je eine schmale Treppe zum Dach führt (Abb. 7). [The Safavid caravanserail Saray-e Golshan, for which the names Saray-e Camal-Sadeh and Saray-e Fromar Seh Giroshi are also known among the population, is located on the southeast side of the Meidan-e Qaysarieh and is connected to it by a wide iwan Enter a niche to the left and right of it. The building, which measures 52 x 52 m on the outside and 29 x 26 m in the courtyard, is a typical court caravan serail with rooms on the long sides and stables in the corners. There are four small, square shops on both sides of the entrance, with the ones closest to the entrance a narrow staircase leads to the roof (Fig. 7).] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p.340 Saray-e Morguli : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.682935 long 54.339108 VARIANT names: Saray-e Morguli , ※ SOURCE for Saray-e Morguli « Das Saray-e Morguli liegt an der Südostecke des Meidan-e Qaysarich und stößt mit seiner Rückwand an das Saray-e Golshan. Ursprünglich außerhalb des östlichen Zu- gangstores zum Meidan an der Straße zur Pol-i Abbasi und des Weges nach Bander Abbas und Lingeh gelegen, wird es heute von der durch den Meidan führenden Straße von der Nordseite her betreten (Abb. 7). [The Saray-e Morguli is located on the southeast corner of the Meidan-e Qaysarich and its back wall abuts the Saray-e Golshan. Originally located outside the eastern entrance gate to the Meidan on the road to Pol-i Abbasi and the path to Bander Abbas and Lingeh, it is now entered from the north side of the road leading through the Meidan (Fig. 7).] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p. 341 Saray-e Qadimi : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.683194 long 54.338205 VARIANT names: Saray-e Qadimi , ※ SOURCE for Saray-e Qadimi « Das Saray-e Qadimi schließt im Westen an das Saray-e Golshan an und wird eben- falls von der Südseite des Meidan her betreten (Abb. 7). Das zur Gänze aus Ziegeln erbaute Gebäude mit den Maßen 50 X 50 m ist ein Hofkaravanserail mit vier schnalen Iwanen, wobei der Iwan an der Südseite einen kleinen Mihrab aufweist. Um den acht- eckigen Innenhof lief eine Arkadenreihe, wobei je zwei Pfeiler vor einem der insgesamt 43 Räume standen, deren Eingänge durch einen weiteren Pfeiler zweigeteilt sind. [The Saray-e Qadimi adjoins the Saray-e Golshan in the west and is also entered from the south side of the Meidan (Fig. 7). The building, built entirely of brick and measuring 50 x 50 m, is a court caravan serail with four narrow iwans, with the iwan having a small mihrab on the south side. A row of arcades ran around the octagonal inner courtyard, with two pillars standing in front of each of the 43 rooms, the entrances of which are divided into two by another pillar.] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p. 341 Sarbisheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082584 coordinate: lat 32.575658 long 59.798205 NIMA/GNS names: Sar-bice , Sarbisheh , سربیشه , VARIANT names: Sar Bishah , Sarbisheh , Serbeſcha , Shehrbisa , Zaide-basha , ※ SOURCE for Sar Bishah « From Duruh to the flourishing village of Husainábád, the older town of Sar-Bishah, the old fort and modern village of Mod, » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 76 ※ SOURCE for Serbeſcha « Den 27. Augusti herbergten wir im Dorffe Serbeſcha. Die Tapete/und köstlichsten Felle/find hie sehr gemein and wolfeil. Weinbeern und Mandeln hatte es hier ge nung. [On August 27th, we stayed in the village of Serbeſcha. The tapestry and the most precious furs were very common and expensive here. There were plenty of grapes and almonds here.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 66 ※ SOURCE for Shehrbisa « Shehrbisha 12 parasangs-walled village, 400 houses; inhabited by cultivators of the soil, shepherds, and caravaniers of the Persian race. » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 437 ※ SOURCE for Zaide-basha « The 18th, five p. to Zaide-basha, [Sarbishe,] where abundance of carpets are to be had. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 215 NIMA/GNS feature: PASS independent coordinate: lat 29.0963889 long 57.5466667 Sarda'at : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3196718 coordinate: lat 31.556111 long 50.318333 NIMA/GNS names: Sarda'at , Sardat , سردءت , سردت , VARIANT names: Sarda'at , Sardestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083108 coordinate: lat 29.2723 long 57.8862 NIMA/GNS names: Sardestan , Sarvestan , Sarvistan , سروستان , VARIANT names: Sardestan , ※ SOURCE for Sardestan ref1511p655 Sar-e Mil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082732 coordinate: lat 34.335376 long 46.138708 NIMA/GNS names: Sar-e Mil , Sar-e Mil-e Sofla , Sar-i-Mil , Sarmil , Shirinabad , سرمیل , VARIANT names: Sar-e Mil , Sari-Mil , ※ SOURCE for Sari-Mil « At 7½ miles is the village of Sari-Mil consisting of a few huts. A side road from here runs over the hills northwards to Gavarra. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 151 Sar-e Pol-e Zahab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3078472 coordinate: lat 34.461092 long 45.862644 NIMA/GNS names: Pol-e Zahab , Pol-e Zohab , Sar-e Pol-e Zahab , Sari-Pul , Sar-i-Pul Zuhab , Sarpol , Sarpol-e Zahab , سر پل ذهاب , VARIANT names: Adgem-Khanikin , Holwan , Hulwan , Sar-e Pol-e Zahab , Sar-i-Pul (i-Zuhab) , Serpol , Zarg-Pol (Zagri-Piloe) , ※ SOURCE for Adgem-Khanikin « Nous fimes le 14 cinq heures de chemin, et campames à Adgem-Khanikin fur le bord de la même rivière. Ce lieu dépend du Kiurdistan, et les Etats du Grand Seigneur finiſſent un peu au-delà. [On the 14th we traveled five hours, and camped at Adgem-Khanikin on the banks of the same river. This place depends on Kyurdistan, and the States of the Grand Seigneur end a little beyond.] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 174 ※ SOURCE for Holwan « The district of Kurrend extends along the brink of Mount Zagros, from the vicinity of Holwan to the village of Goour. It is covered with forests of stunted oak, and inhabited by an extraordinary race of men, » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ p. 141 ※ SOURCE for Hulwan Hulwan (Persian: حلوان) was an ancient town on the Zagros Mountains in western Iran, located on the entrance of the Paytak Pass, nowadays identified with the town of Sarpol-e Zahab. online reference link [accessed 04 Feb 2025] ※ SOURCE for Sar-i-Pul (i-Zuhab) « At 18 miles, an irrigation stream with a broad gravelly bed is crossed, and at 20 miles Sari-Pül is reached, which is a dirty and ruinous village above the right bank of the Hulvan river. The valley is mainly abandoned in winter at which time sup-plies would be very scarce. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 150 ※ SOURCE for Serpol « A huit heures et demie du matin, hous nous arrêtons à Serpol, hameau composé d'une vingtaine de masures couvertes de feuilles et de paille, et situé au pied d'une colline cal-caire. Les décombres et les terres amoncelées annoncent qu'il y avait là autrefois une ville d'une certaine grandeur. [At eight-thirty in the morning, we stopped at Serpol, a hamlet composed of about twenty hovels covered with leaves and straw, and located at the foot of a limestone hill. The rubble and piled-up earth indicate that there was once a town of some size there.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 225 ※ SOURCE for Zarg-Pol (Zagri-Piloe) « Je suis porté à croire, avec M. Olivier (1), que cette ville était Zarg-Pol, qui avait été bâtie près du défilé dont il sera question plus bas, et que les Grecs et les Romains nommaient Zagri-Piloe.fn. 1 Voyages en Turquie et en Perse, toime m, cha-pitre I, page 6, édition in-4. [I am inclined to believe, with Mr. Olivier (1), that this city was Zarg-Pol, which was built near the pass discussed below, and which the Greeks and Romans called Zagri-Pile.fn. 1 Travels in Turkey and Persia, volume m, chapter 1, page 6, quarto edition.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 225 Sargah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3745229 coordinate: lat 28.2749 long 53.4215 NIMA/GNS names: Sahargah , Sargah , سحرگاه , سرگاه , VARIANT names: Sargah , ※ SOURCE for Sargah « Left alone, we took the advice of our guide, and turned aside to a village at the foot of the hills on our left. It was dark when we reached the walls and found the place deserted a date-grove with ruined houses. … The mules, poor beasts, were glad to be unloaded after their march of forty miles ; and we all welcomed the shelter of the fort, poor as it was. I spread my bed in a niche of the gateway, frequented by early-rising cows. They call this place Sargah. It has suffered much from robbers of late years. The delay in admitting us was excused by the fact that some time before, a robber had got in on pretence of being a Government servant with his retinue, and had walked off with their cattle. Sargah has also been short of water for the last four years. It has now been bought by a man of substance, who has repaired the qanat on which the village depends. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 pp. 114 and 116 Sargah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079366 coordinate: lat 27.7311 long 52.6291 NIMA/GNS names: Qal eh-ye Sarkeh , Qal`eh Sargah , Qal`eh-ye Saga , Qal`eh-ye Sargah , Sargah , سرگاه , قلعه سرگاه , VARIANT names: Sargah , Sargaya : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057509 coordinate: lat 27.5933 long 52.7736 NIMA/GNS names: Chah Sargahi , Chah Sargahi , Chah-e Sahargahi , Chah-e Sar Gahi , Sargaya , چاه سرگاهی , VARIANT names: Sargaya , Sar-i Sich : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.759672 long 56.823319 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: this position is determined solely by distance from Ahmedi VARIANT names: Sar-i Sich , ※ SOURCE for Sar-i Sich « Bis zum nächsten grösseren Dorfe sind ungefähr 45 miles schwierigen Weges, man hält daher gewöhnlich nach 16 miles am Fusse des Berges Sar-i Sich an einer kleinen, Ab-i Kahûr ge- nannten Quelle am Eingange des Zendân-Passes an. [It is about 45 miles of difficult road to the next larger village, so one usually stops after 16 miles at the foot of the Sar-i Sich mountain at a small spring called Ab-i Kahûr at the entrance to the Zendân pass. ] » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~ p. 342 Sar-i-Dasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082685 coordinate: lat 32.498715 long 48.835052 NIMA/GNS names: Sar Dasht , Sardasht , Sar-i-Dasht , سر دشت , VARIANT names: Sar-i-Dasht , Sar-i-Gul Rud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3196734 coordinate: lat 32.983333 long 47.966667 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Sar Gol , Sar-i-Gul Rud , رود سر گل , VARIANT names: Sar-i-Gul Rud , Sar-i-Kul : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082921 coordinate: lat 32.9542 long 49.044856 NIMA/GNS names: Sar Kul , Sar-i-Kul , سر کول , VARIANT names: Sar-i-Kul , Sar-i-Safid pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.507675 long 53.10682 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Sar-i-Safid pass , ※ SOURCE for Sar-i-Safid pass « thence in 7 leagues to Kārzin by the Pass of Sar-i-Safid (the White Head), » #1764 ed. Le Strange, G., The geographical part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub composed by Hamd-Alla¯h Mustawfi¯ of Qazwi¯n in 740 (1340), E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 176 « cf. Map 12)157) Mustawfi Qazwini explains that at the end of Simkan, one crosses the Sar-i Safid ford and travels 7 farsakh to reach Kārzin.(158) Considering that the ford called Sar-i Safid (meaning (white head)) is Pul-i 'Arüs, which was located at the point where the three rivers join to form Rüd-Mand (150), it is highly likely that the Simkan-Kārzin route was the first route (Jahrumi road). However, as revealed by this survey, judging from the distribution of ruins along the route, especially the distribution of caravanserai sites, it is believed that route 2, that is, the route over the pass from Kalakli to Madkhūn, was also used from ancient times to reach Qir-Karzin. » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ p. 58 Sar-i-Sefid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081896 coordinate: lat 28.8356 long 52.7992 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Sahra Sefid , Sahra Sefid , Sar Safid , Sar-i-Sefid , قلعه صحرا سفید , VARIANT names: Sar-i-Sefid , Sar-i-Tarhan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.548098 long 47.071554 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Khaneh Samkhan , Sar-i-Tarhan , ※ SOURCE for Khaneh Samkhan « Khaneh Samkhan » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. I-38R Kuh-I-Dasht} « On April 3rd we regained the wide valley forming the western portion of Tarhan, and after a march of 2 I miles arrived close to its head at the small village called Khaneh Samkhan after the name of its owner. Broad and cultivated as the valley floor is, only a few settled homesteads were met on the way. The small cluster of roughly built hovels around the old chief's modest dwelling offered a striking contrast to the extent of walled-up terraces on the spur above, all covered with the debris of completely decayed dwellings built with rough stones and hard lime plaster. These shapeless ruins, dating perhaps from Sasanian times, did not attract excavation. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ pp. 234-5 Sariz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3198157 coordinate: lat 30.998056 long 55.995 NIMA/GNS names: Sariz , Siriz , VARIANT names: Sariz , Sarjaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3082855 coordinate: lat 28.6473 long 57.7744 NIMA/GNS names: Sar Jaz , سر جاز , VARIANT names: Sarjaz , ※ SOURCE for Sarjaz #1511 p655 Sarkan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3823373 coordinate: lat 31.745039 long 50.160169 NIMA/GNS names: Sarkan , Sarkun , سرکان , سرکون , VARIANT names: Sarkan , Sartang sarai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.356311 long 55.047986 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Bedgi Paria , S. Serten , Sartang , Sartang sarai , ※ SOURCE for Bedgi Paria « then taking our way Eastward, after an hours Travelling we found another called Bedgi Paria: » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 133 [Thévenot took 7.5 hours from Hormud to Tang Dalan, 30 kms av. 4 km/hr. 5.5 hrs to Bedgi Paria ≃ 22 kms just 2 kms short of the Sartang sarai. PBR] ※ SOURCE for S. Serten «073 (km) | S. Serten (Thévenot) | Sartang (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Sartang « At its most westerly extremity stands the serai of Pas Par Dalan,The Tang-i-Dalan, which is now entered, is a narrow gorge through which the Hajamal river flows: on either side cliffs rise to a height of about 200 feet very steeply, whilst the river-bed occupies almost the whole of the bottom of the gorge. This formation continues for about 2 miles, until Sartang is reached, a picturesque little serai, with a date grove near by, standing at the foot of Kuh-i-Hormuz, which rears its bare head 1500 feet above the plain. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 156 « Persian text omitted. [They move from Tang Dalan to Sartang, a distance of two miles] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 581 « Un chemin étroit et rocailleux longe le cours d'eau salée, que nous passons à plusieurs re- prises. A quelque distance, sur la droite, dans le fond d'un vallon, est un petit bois de pal- miers. Du même côté, sur un tertre, se trouve le caravansérail de Sartang, près duquel est une citerne. [A narrow, rocky path runs alongside the salt watercourse, which we pass several times. Some distance away, on the right, at the bottom of a valley, is a small palm grove. On the same side, on a mound, is the caravanserai of Sartang, near which is a cistern.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 428 ※ SOURCE for Sartang sarai « When one side slopes, the other is generally perpendicular and both sides are rooky throughout. The surface ofthe river bed, which constitutes, the track for the greater part ofthe pass, is rooky and difficult, with occasional patches of:treacherous quicksand. At 3 miles the road emerges fromthe pass, and, crossing the river, known above this paint as theHajamal, passes the caravanserai of Sartang. Water from acistern, and from a fresh water stream running from the Küh-i-Hormuz, Supplies nil. Fuel plentiful from debris of dategroves near by. Grazing fair. The foot of the Küh-i-Hormuz isdistant ahout one-and-a-half miles from Sartang, » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 33 «073 (km) | S. Serten (Thévenot) | Sartang (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 « This formation continues for about 2 miles, until Sartang is reached, a picturesque little serai, with a date grove near by, standing at the foot of Kuh-i-Hormuz, which rears its bare head 1500 feet above the plain. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 157 Saruq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079112 coordinate: lat 34.4141 long 49.4942 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Bala , Qal`eh-ye Bala Saruq , Qal`eh-ye Saruq , Saruq , Surakh , ساروق , قلعه بالا , قلعه ساروق , VARIANT names: Saruq , Saruq 1 : arch. site OMN UTM: FB 511 118 converted to coordinate: lat 23.60971 long 58.48104 VARIANT names: Saruq 1 , ※ SOURCE for Saruq 1 « Tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 39 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Sarv : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083105 coordinate: lat 32.4057 long 53.7735 NIMA/GNS names: Sarv , Sarv Pa'in , Sarv Sufla , Sarv-e Pa'in , Sarv-e Sofla , سرو سفلى , VARIANT names: Sarv , Sarvestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083107 coordinate: lat 29.2735 long 53.2203 NIMA/GNS names: Sarvestan , Sarvistan , سروستان , VARIANT names: Burzu , Sarvestan , Sarvistan , Selvissoûn , Servistan , ※ SOURCE for Burzu « passing Rebat a mile to our left, we reached Burzu, called also Servistan, the chief village of the district, situated at 7 fursacks, or 247½miles from Mahullu, aild containing, it was said, 800 families. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 152 « Burzu » in {map#1234 , , , 'Persia, Afghanistan an Beluchistan' [?26r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/623, f 26, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Sarvestan « This route passed Tarom, Forgh, Rustak, Darab, Darakan, Fasa, Sarvestan and then Shiraz, and from there onwards to Isfahan. This was the normal trade route prior the reign of Shah `Abbas I (1587-1629) . » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 252 and #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 67 « Sarvistan and Kübanjan. (3) These are two towns that lie between Shiraz and Pasā. Their climate is like that of Shiraz. Thero are running streams and some few gardens, producing grapes and other fruits of the cold region. The hunting-grounds here are famous, especially the mountain … region of Kübanjān. Near here is the Salt Lake [Namakistān] (1), where no fish or creature can exist for its saltness. fn. 3 Sarvistën exists and Kübanjän is presumably equivalent to the modern Kühinjän (FNN. 221, 223). Yaqut (iv, 316) gives Kabanjän as "a village of the Shiraz (District)". Probably it is identical with al-Usbanjan, which Istakhri (p. 136) mentions, coupling it with Sarvistan. fn. 1 Not marked on the map. » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ pp. 327-8 « alternatives routes Route No. 1 Bandar Abbas to Shiraz(d). Via Jährüm, Khānch Kahdan, and Mahārlū; about equal in length and regularly used by Sarvistin Jährümb caravans; well supplied with provisions, easy, and in good lateral communication with the main route here described. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 161 ※ SOURCE for Sarvistan « After leaving this village came into country which was well cultivated, chiefly with tobacco; a small canal of running water ran close beside the road the whole way to Sarvistán, where we arrived at 5-45 P.M. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 3 ※ SOURCE for Selvissoûn « Après avoir marché cinq heures , nous trouvons le caravansérail d'Ali-Abâd . Plus loin est le grand village de Mino , riche en vergers . Un ruisseau venant des monts de l'E. , par un canal souterrain , répand la fécondité dans les champs environnans . Nous aperçûmes , peu après , le village de Selvissoûn , placé presqu'an pied d'une montagne .Nous y étions à trois heures un quart . [After walking for five hours, we found the caravanserai of Ali-Abâd. Further away is the large village of Mino, rich in orchards. A stream coming from the E mountains. , through an underground canal, spreads fertility in the surrounding fields. We saw, shortly after, the village of Selvissoûn, located almost at the foot of a mountain. We were there at a quarter past three.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 342 « Nous arrivâmes vers midi à Salvissoun, petit village avec de magnifiques vergers. Nous campâmes sous de grands mûriers, et près d'un ruisseau de fort belle eau. Comme le village est à une certaine distance, je fus peu importuné. [We arrived around noon in Salvissoun, a small village with magnificent orchards. We camped under large mulberry trees, and near a stream of very beautiful water. As the village is some distance away, I was not bothered much.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 602 ※ SOURCE for Servistan « passing Rebat a mile to our left, we reached Burzu, called also Servistan, the chief village of the district, situated at 7 fursacks, or 247½miles from Mahullu, aild containing, it was said, 800 families. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 152 Sarvestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083108 coordinate: lat 29.2723 long 57.8862 NIMA/GNS names: Sardestan , Sarvestan , Sarvistan , سروستان , VARIANT names: Sarvestan , Servistan , ※ SOURCE for Servistan « Dusk had fallen before the welcome tinkle announced the caravan. As the wind was rising we were glad to get into one of the sowars tenta they are lighter, arrive sooner and are more quickly put up, and shelter from it while our own was being got ready. We had a windy night but no tents came down and thanks to Look'a device of petticoats on tent which tuck in under beds and boxes, our own quarters were practically wind proof. It seems that this place Merghak is alwaya windy and we were luoky not to have rain or snow with it.Next day's march began in heavy wind which was unpleasant tho' happily partly behind us. We got thro our defile at last and into the great sand plain, the general level of which is some 6000 feet. The sand was blowing in a sort of mist near the ground and one could picture the whole plain as a great sea and imagine ships in the distance. of course when we came to ride over it the plain is anything but flat. It rinen gradually but stiffly on each side up to the roots of the hills and is no doubt formed by the detritus from then; rain has cot it into gravel hills over which our road switchbacked up and down almost like a great carriage drive with its five and six parallel tracks worn by the fest of countless caravan animals. Now the wind brought up the rain and all the mountains we had passed thro' the day before in sunshine were covered with thick and anssove clouds and no doubt our Deh Bakri pass was soon lying under anow. The fringe of rain olcuda came down into the valley and we got a few trifling showers easily turned by our waterproof just enough to rub in the insson of thankfulness. It was no weather to halt for lunch in the shelterless plain so we pushed on to Servistan. There are 2 Serbistans and 2 Deh Bakris on the Maps. Ours are the most easterly in each case (or Serbistan, the "place of cypresses” of which there are now-a-days none 1) our rext manzil. It is quite a considerable place owning several "gardens" walled in with mud walls so high that you can only see the tops of trees over then. These are dotted about at a distance from each other in the oddest way. A little stream in lined here and there by willow-trees. The village itaalf consiste perhaps of ½ a hundred tiny mud hovels. These are only about 4 feat high, the ground is scooped out to make then big enough to hold people. There is no entrance or opening except a tiny rickety wooden door thro' which the inhabitanta creep in and out like some inferior animal. But there are several large caravanserain which are quite imposing. We put up in one and were glad to be able to do without tenta in case rain or wind grew worse. Ours was in a walled-in garden on aide of a sharp little hill. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ pp. 23-24 Sarvistan Chahar Taq : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) NIMA/GNS names: Chahar Taq , Kakh-e Sasani , Qasr-e Sasani , چهار طاق , قصر ساسانی , کاخ ساسانی , VARIANT names: Palace of Sasan , Sarvistan Chahar Taq , ※ SOURCE for Palace of Sasan « The so-called “Palace of Sāsān” has been cited by many travelers and archaeologists as a landmark in Iranian architecture. Many early explorers, e.g., Eugene Flandin, Pascal Coste, Marcel Dieulafoy, Jacques de Morgan, Aurel Stein, and Ernst Herzfeld have attributed this building to Sāsānian period. These scholars have either used their own observations or accounts by early Muslim writers to reach this conclusion. Oscar Reuther was the first person to carry out a thorough study of the building who also reached the conclusion that it belongs to Sāsānian period. But in recent decades a number of researchers with new approaches expressed reservations about the date of some structures previously dated to Sāsānian period and their function as fire-temple, or manor house, or palace. One example in case is Lionel Bier’s study of Sarvestān structure. In his comprehensive study that formed the basis of his PhD dissertation, Bier argued that the Sarvestān structure is not a Sāsānian palace – as previously thought – but a Zoroastrian fire-temple of early Islamic period. He based his argument on similar constructions in Iran and Mesopotamia. » #3424 Ali-Reza Askari Chāverdi, Archaeological Excavations in the So-Called “Palace of Sāsān” at Sarvestān, Fars, Sasanika Archaeology, 2012 vol. 3: ~ p. 2 ※ SOURCE for Sarvistan Chahar Taq « Having pitched my camp at the Chahar-taq (as the ancient palace is known locally), I was able to devote some time to the study of this structure, which is archaeologically important. Its plan and constructive features were examined, illustrated, and discussed long ago with care and competence by M. Dieulafoy, and any details which might have escaped attention during his brief visit, paid under trying personal conditions, will, no doubt, prove to have been supplemented or rectified in Professor E. Herzfeld's great corpus of the Iranische Denkmäler. Hence I may confine my observations to a few minor points bearing on the position, general character, and 179kely date of the monument.The ruined palace (Fig. 19) is situated on flat ground stretching down from the foot of the hill range to the east which is crossed by the Chinar pass. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ pp. 178-9 « The ruins of a large building situated in southwestern Iran near the Shiraz-Fasa road, twelve kilometers south of the town of Sarvistan, have long been known to students of Persian architecture. The building is first mentioned by W. Ouseley, who viewed it through field glasses on his way from Shiraz to Bandar Abbas in 1810 and described it as "a brick building in the usual style of Muselman architecture.(6) In 1840 E. Flandin and P. Coste visited the site and produced a plan and five drawings in addition to a description that can be considered detailed for those days. Flandin suggested that the building was a palace, and he compared its construction to several char taqs, which he assumed to be fire sanctuaries of the Sasanian period. ... If the building was in fact a fire sanctuary, as the plan suggests, what type of community it served is still unclear, isolated as it is out in the countryside.fn. 6. Sir A. Stein, "An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Perus," Inag, 1, 1936, 1981 and fig. 19, with map of region opposite pl. XXX. L. Vanden Berghe, Archéologie de l'Iras ancien, Leiden, 1959. pls. 65, 660- d. Bulletin of the American Initinite for Iranian Art and Archaeology, vi/vn, 1946, figs. 21-25. » #3390 Bier, Lionel, Sarvistan : a study in early Iranian architecture, The College Art Association of America by The Pennsylvania State University Press University Park and London, 1986 ~ pp. 1 and 73 Sarvu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083114 coordinate: lat 28.480068 long 53.753283 NIMA/GNS names: Sarv , Sarvu , سروو , VARIANT names: Sarvu , ※ SOURCE for Sarvu « At 8 miles the road, still of a mile from the hills to the W., leaves the stream, which runs W.-N.-W., and traverses low foot-hills. Two miles to the E. is the date grove and the small cultivated area of Salvu. At 8½ miles the hills to the W. are pierced by a stream flowing N.-W., into the main stream, which it joins at 13 miles. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 176 Saryatan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083116 coordinate: lat 31.008056 long 52.23 NIMA/GNS names: Sartin , Saryatan , VARIANT names: Saryatan , Sarzeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083130 coordinate: lat 27.5649 long 56.1195 NIMA/GNS names: Sarzeh , سرزه , VARIANT names: Sarzeh , Sarzen , Sazeh , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Sarzeh FOR Ser zehi rizeuon [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Sarzeh « The river lies about 40 feet below the level of the plain, and its left bank in some parts is a rocky scarp. The route now lies up a rocky ravine on to an open plain of sandy gravel. The river flows on the left, 100 yards distant, and on the right is the end of a rocky spur or ridge. Just before reaching the village of Sarzeh, at 16 miles, the river has again to be forded. The village consists of a few scattered huts.Water. Good and abundant from river. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Sarzen #1511 p. 655 ※ SOURCE for Sazeh « 7 mai. Notre marche, encore de nuit, fut un peu plus longue, toujours dans un désert aride et pierreux. Nous nous arrêtâmes à Sazeh, village persan (1); fn. (1) Notre voyageur entre dans le Laristan. La contrée qu'il vient de quitter appartient aussi à la Perse; mais elle est habitée par la race Arabe. [May 7. Our walk, still at night, was a little longer, still in an arid and stony desert. We stopped at Sazeh, a Persian village (1); fn. (1) Our traveler enters Laristan. The country he has just left also belongs to Persia; but it is inhabited by the Arab race.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 593 Sas Al Nahkil : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: AIRB UFI: 14524839 coordinate: lat 24.44067 long 54.51718 NIMA/GNS names: Sas Al Nahkil , VARIANT names: Sas Al Nahkil , Sasanian fortress : arch. site IRN UTM: none coordinate: lat 27.920052 long 53.822215 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: cannot confirm location VARIANT names: Sasanian fortress , ※ SOURCE for Sasanian fortress « Die Qal'a Asman bewacht den Zugang zu einer sechs Kilometer weiter westlich ge- legenen durch die nördliche Gebirgskette führenden Schlucht, der Tang-e Kaure, in der sich auf einem hohen Tepe eine weitere sasanidische Festungsanlage erhebt. Auch hier fand ich wieder die harte schwarze Ware (Taf. 87, 1, Kau 1) neben grün glasierten Scher- ben (Kau 7, 10), so daß die Anlage bis in die Sasanidenzeit zurückdatiert werden kann (Taf. 92, 3). [The Qal'a Asman guards the entrance to a gorge six kilometers further west, the Tang-e Kaure, which runs through the northern mountain range and in which another Sasanian fortress stands on a high tepe. Here, too, I found the hard black ware (Pl. 87, 1, Kau 1) next to green glazed shards (Kau 7, 10), so that the complex can be dated back to the Sasanian period (Pl. 92, 3).] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 191 Sasanid bridge Bisutun : arch. site IRN (bridge) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.388911 long 47.444919 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: 8 arches VARIANT names: Sasanid bridge Bisutun , ※ SOURCE for Sasanid bridge Bisutun « Abb. 137. Bisutun, Lageplan » #3474 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1996 Band 2:Teil 1: ~ p. 83 « Après une farseng environ, nous le dépassons, et nous traversons un pont de huit arches, sous lequel coule une rivière, qui prend sa source à Noh-Ouen, à onze farsengs de distance du village de Sahanè, où nous devions aller coucher. [After about a farseng, we pass it, and we cross a bridge of eight arches, under which flows a river, which has its source at Noh-Ouen, eleven farsengs away from the village of Sahanè, where we were to sleep.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol.1 p. 251 Sassanid ancient road ruins : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.908056 long 52.5425 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sassanid ancient road ruins , ※ SOURCE for Sassanid ancient road ruins « We must underline that the communication routes between Ardašir-Xwarrah and the rest of the region probably existed even before the Islamic conquest (we use CE 650 as the approximate date of the final pacification of the province of Fārs after the Arab-Muslim conquest); although we mainly have sources dating to the Islamic era, archaeological data can help us to understand how they were moving through the Fārs during the Sasanian times. The surface evidence encountered in the field consists of a road – partly carved in stone – that was used to secure an access from north through the gorge, and a bridge. We can draw limited information from this road: only a small portion (25 meters in length) was investigated,(1) specifically the part where the track is clearly visible. Therefore it was not possible to establish a reliable chronological interpretation, despite the fact that the local archaeologist called it ‘the Road of the Kings’ (Fig. 3). fn. 1 For my MA thesis, I carried out a work on the field concerning the surface evidence in the plain of Ardašir-Xwarrah. I report the coordinates of the portion of the road observed: 28° 54' 29'' N; 52° 32' 33'' E. » #3446 Domiziana Rossi, A Road to Firūzābād, EX NOVO Journal of Archaeology, 2018 ~ Figure 3. Road partly carved in the rock, D. Rossi. p. 83 Savar Gheib : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083166 coordinate: lat 28.1934 long 52.3353 NIMA/GNS names: Amir Shahsavar Gheyb , Savar Gheib , Savar Gheyb , Savar-e Gheyb , Savar-i-Ghaib , امیر شهسوار غیب , VARIANT names: Savar Gaib , Savar Gheib , Savar-i-Ghaib , ※ SOURCE for Savar Gaib « Savar Gaib » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} « Savar Gaib » in {map#1193 in #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: p.163 ~ fig. 1. Carte de la région prospectée.} ※ SOURCE for Savar-i-Ghaib « Savar-i-Ghaib » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 17 Shiraz 1936} Saveh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083174 coordinate: lat 35.0213 long 50.3566 NIMA/GNS names: Saveh , ساوه , VARIANT names: Saveh , Sawa , ※ SOURCE for Sawa « The 13th daye att night we came to Sawa [Sava], a pretie fine towne on a playne somthing nere the side of a hill. Here is good water. This place aboundes in grapes, pomgranetes. Here we picht in a pomgranet garden, and here we stayde the 14th daye, haueing traveled 9 lges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 65 Sawt 12 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 738 488 converted to coordinate: lat 23.0386 long 58.69623 VARIANT names: Sawt 12 , ※ SOURCE for Sawt 12 « Field system, cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 43 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Sawt 13 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 715 492 converted to coordinate: lat 23.04245 long 58.67383 VARIANT names: Sawt 13 , ※ SOURCE for Sawt 13 « Field system, defensive position » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 43 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Sawt 14 : arch. site OMN UTM: FA 710 487 converted to coordinate: lat 23.03798 long 58.6689 VARIANT names: Sawt 14 , ※ SOURCE for Sawt 14 « Field system » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 43 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Sayeh Khowsh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083189 coordinate: lat 26.8362 long 55.3674 NIMA/GNS names: Sayeh Khowsh , سايه خوش , VARIANT names: Sayeh Khowsh , Serichiwokh , ※ SOURCE for Serichiwokh « Serichiwokh » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 Sayl al Asfal 29 : arch. site OMN UTM: DD317840 converted to coordinate: lat 26.0734779590022 long 56.317114662476 VARIANT names: Sayl al Asfal 29 , ※ SOURCE for Sayl al Asfal 29 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 47 SBY9 : arch. site ARE UTM: none coordinate: lat 24.324314 long 52.635679 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: SBY9 , ※ SOURCE for SBY9 « SBY9 Late Pre-Islamic period occupation mound. Excavations conducted here between 1994-6 uncovered a Nestorian monastery and church dating to the sixth-seventh centuries AD. Stucco decoration recovered from the excavations included fragments of Nestorian crosses and vine-and-scroll patterns. » Abu Dhabi Islands Archeological Survey (ADIAS) web site Sceheristan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.629107 long 51.672257 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sceheristan , ※ SOURCE for Sceheristan « E per cominciare, al venticinque di agosto, gia due mesi sono in-circa, parti da Ispahan, come le accennai nell'altra mia a questa precedente, l'ambasciador di Spagna don Garzia de Silva y Fi-gueroa, di ritorno al suo re, per la medesima via di Hormuz e dell'India, donde era già venuto. Però, il giorno che io dico, usci solamente da questa città per mettersi in cammino, e non andò più innanzi che alla villa Sceheristan, una lega lontano, dove si posò a raunar la sua comitiva, per far poi di là con più agio l'ultima levata. [And to begin with, on the twenty-fifth of August, about two months ago, the Spanish ambassador, Don Garcia de Silva y Figuerola, left Ispahan, as I mentioned in my other letter to this previous one, returning to his king, by the same route of Hormuz and India, from which he had already come. However, on the day I mention, he left this city only to set out on his journey, and went no further than the village of Shecheristan, a league away, where he stopped to gather his company, in order to make the final departure from there more comfortably.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 54 Schehr-i Babek, Haus d. Gouverneurs : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.1080555555556 long 55.1611111111111 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Schehr-i Babek, Haus d. Gouverneurs , ※ SOURCE for Schehr-i Babek, Haus d. Gouverneurs « Ortsbestimmungen zwischen Kermån und Enar.. Breite Länge Schehr-i Babek, Haus d. Gouverneurs 30 6 29 55 9 40 (Breite v. St. John). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~p. 366 Schirinek : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.5208333333333 long 56.95 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Schirinek , ※ SOURCE for Schirinek « Breitenbestimmungen aus astronomischen Beobachtun- gen zwischen Kermån und Bender 'Abbas. Breite Länge Schirin 29 31 15 56 57 (letzteres nach der englischen Admiralitätskarte). » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~p. 351 Se Kuheh Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.777374 long 61.442161 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: ghales seh koveyeh قلعه سه کوهه VARIANT names: Se Kuheh Castle , Sedeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083217 coordinate: lat 30.710665 long 52.175792 NIMA/GNS names: Sedeh , Sehdeh , سده , VARIANT names: Sedeh , Sedeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083219 coordinate: lat 33.331564 long 59.23298 NIMA/GNS names: Sedeh , Seh Deh , Sehdeh , سده , VARIANT names: Sedeh , Seh-Deh , ※ SOURCE for Seh-Deh « Descending to a broad high plain, we found Seh-Deh a tolerably large village, but many families were said to have emigrated thence owing to last year's famine. We were shown some beautiful specimens of the carpets for which the district is famous they are chiefly made at a place called Darakhsh. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 77 Sedeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083214 coordinate: lat 27.927963 long 53.434064 NIMA/GNS names: Sedeh , Seh Deh , سده , VARIANT names: Sedeh , Seeb : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786290 coordinate: lat 23.67027 long 58.189106 NIMA/GNS names: Al-Sib , As Seeb al Jadidah , As Sib , As Sib al Jadidah , Sib , السيب , السيب الجديدة , VARIANT names: Dama , Seeb , Sib , Sibo , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Seeb FOR Batrasave [Miles], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Sib FOR Batrasabbe [Sprenger], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Seeb FOR al-Shaba [Gibb], ※ SOURCE for Dama « South-eastern Oman therefore has the possibility of access to two main sets of ports, one around the southern end of the Batina, Matrah-Muscat but in the past Dama (al-Sib), or in the south-east at Sur, but historically also Qalhat. The other ports on the coast of the Hajar al-Sharqi, notably Qurayat and Tiwi, have been of little importance, but it is worth noting that Qurayat and its hinterland enjoyed a period of considerable prosperity as a coastal centre, independent of Hormuzi controlled Qalhat, in Nabahina times, until destroyed by the Portuguese. » #84 Wilkinson, John C., The Imamate Tradition Of Oman, Cambridge University Press, New York, 1987 ~ p. 31 ※ SOURCE for Seeb « The senior officer in command of the squadron of five vessels at Hormuz at this time was Dom Vasco da Gama, whose force was joined in February, 1616, by Dom Francisco Rolim from Goa with six ships, laden with stores and munitions of war. The Ameer made Muscat his headquarters while he collected his troops and got together a number of Arab Bughlas to co-operate with the Portuguese fleet; he then marched to Seeb with 1,200 men, accompanied by a small Portuguese land force. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p.183 ※ SOURCE for Sib « SIBO, porto de - Sib em 23 ° 41' lat. N. e 58° 11' long E., no litoral árabe de Al-Batina, a ocidente e proximo de Mascate ou Muskat. [António Bocarro - Livro das plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoaçoes da India Oriental]. » [SIBO, port of - Sib at 23 ° 41' lat. N. and 58° 11' long E., on the Arabian coast of Al-Batina, west and close to Muscat or Muskat. [António Bocarro - Book of plans of all the fortresses, cities and towns of East India].] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z, p. 166 ※ SOURCE for Sibo #821 Bocarro, António, O livro das plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoac¸o~es do estado da I´ndia Oriental, Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 1937-40: 1992, Series: 442 3 vols. Discripssão do Forte de Sibo Sefaleh bridge : arch. site IRN (bridge) VARIANT names: Sefaleh bridge , ※ SOURCE for Sefaleh bridge « As we passed over the last of these plateaus, known as Sefaleh and showing traces of former cultivation, there came into view below us the ruins of an ancient bridge reported to me before. It spans the river opposite to a precipitous ridge (Fig. 7 5) where the bed is divided by rocky ledges cropping up in the middle, thus affording a firm foundation for piers. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 236 Sefid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 13930104 coordinate: lat 28.436277 long 53.194098 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Seyyed , Sefid , دره سید , سفید , VARIANT names: Sefid , Séfiz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.200791 long 53.930804 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: [location based on 8 farsangs from Tchatar to Bénárou, split 5 to Séfiz and 3 from Séfiz. PBR] VARIANT names: Séfiz , ※ SOURCE for Séfiz « 10 fevrier. Nous continuons à descendre en tra- versant deux basses montagnes; au pied de la seconde est une source d'eau chaude, mais qui n'a aucun mauvais goût; puis une plaine toute blan- chie par le sel, circonstanced'où est dérivé sans doute le nom du village de Séfiz: nous y arri- våmes après avoir fait cinq farsangs. [February 10. We continue to descend, crossing two low mountains; at the foot of the second is a spring of hot water, but which has no bad taste; then a plain completely whitened by salt, a circumstance from which the name of the village of Séfiz is undoubtedly derived: we arrived there after having made five farsangs.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 525 Seh Chah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10391599 coordinate: lat 28.7647 long 53.3424 NIMA/GNS names: Seh Chah , سه چاه , VARIANT names: Seh Chah , Seh Chah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745233 coordinate: lat 28.410127 long 53.830585 NIMA/GNS names: Seh Chah , Seh Chah-e Bala , سه چاه , سه چاه بالا , VARIANT names: Seh Chah , Sehkoha : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083418 coordinate: lat 30.7775 long 61.4422 NIMA/GNS names: Seh Kuh , Seh Kuheh , Sehkoha , Sehkuheh , Sekuheh , سه کوهه , سهکوهه , VARIANT names: Sehkoha , Sekuha , ※ SOURCE for Sekuha « On the following day, rejoining our camp among some scattered tamarisk bushes, after a four miles' march over dry whitish soil, we halted at the wells of Khak-i-Muhamad Darwesh to get all hands together, and on the 1st February made a 30-mile march to Sekuha, » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 70 Sehneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081892 coordinate: lat 34.4813 long 47.6908 NIMA/GNS names: Sahna , Sahneh , Sehneh , صحنه , VARIANT names: Sahane , Sahne , Sahneh , Sehneh , ※ SOURCE for Sahane « Presque au fond se trouve Sahanè, où nous arrivâmes à deux heures après-midi. C'est un bourg planté de vignes et d'arbres fruitiers.On y perçoit un droit de capitation, qui est de trois riales pour les Arméniens ou Juifs, et d'un carapoul pour les Musulmans. Les marchandises y payent aussi un droit de péa-ges, [Almost at the bottom is Sahane, where we arrived at two o'clock in the afternoon. It is a village planted with vineyards and fruit trees.A poll tax is collected there, which is three rials for Armenians or Jews, and one carapoul for Muslims. Goods also pay a toll.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol.1 p. 252 ※ SOURCE for Sahne « Le jour ſuivant nous fimes fix heu res de chemin, et campames à Sahnè gros bourg. [The following day we traveled for several hours and camped at Sahnè, a large town.] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 188 ※ SOURCE for Sahneh « There is good and ample camping space on the bank of the stream N. E. of Sähneh. Sähneh is a small but flourishing village, situated in a well-watered and cultivated valley, among gardens and plantations, at the foot of a range of precipitous hills, in which are some ancient caves and sculptures. Sähnch is remarkable for its walnut and mulberry trees. Water is plentiful. Potatoes are grown here. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 157 Seid Hashemi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083700 coordinate: lat 27.6494 long 52.9579 NIMA/GNS names: Seid Hashemi , Seyyed Hashem , Seyyed Hashemi , Seyyed Hashen , سید هاشمی , VARIANT names: Seid Hashemi , ※ SOURCE for Seid Hashemi « [Tal Janabavieh, located in the lands of Seyed Hashemi village of Alamrodasht, belonging to the late Islamic centuries, was included in the list of national monuments of the country under the registration number 32617.] » online reference link Seif-e Al-e Abi Zuhair (western limit) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: Territory independent coordinate: lat 29.5791 long 50.517 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Seif-e Al-e Abi Zuhair (western limit) , ※ SOURCE for Seif-e Al-e Abi Zuhair (western limit) « An archaeological survey of the coast of the Persian Gulf by Williamson identified three "concentrations of Sasanian settlements" at the Minab oasis, in the Siraf and Gavbandi regions, and on the Bushehr peninsula respectively from east to west. These areas were each connected to an inland center: Reishahr to Bishapur, Siraf to Gur and Hormoz to Kerman. The Bushehr peninsula and Siraf-Gavbandi zones correspond roughly to the coastal territories of Seif-e Al-e Abi Zuhair (Zohair Tribe Seashore) and Sief-e Muzaffar (Muzaffar Tribe Seashore) recorded in early Islamic sources from the 4th/10th century (229). The first zone stretched from Jannabah to Najiram and included the Bushehr peninsula. The latter was located between Najiram and Seif-e 'Omareh to the east of Siraf (230). A subdivision of the Siraf-Gavbandi zone is located 80 km to the east of Siraf and 25 km to the west of Lengeh. Although not mentioned by Williamson, this area also corresponds approximately to the Seif-e 'Omareh. fn. 229 Istakhri: 104-6, 140-2 fn. 230 Williamson, 1973: 104-6 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 52 Seif-e 'Omareh (eastern limit) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: Territory independent coordinate: lat 26.503038 long 54.641716 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Seif-e 'Omareh (eastern limit) , ※ SOURCE for Seif-e 'Omareh (eastern limit) « An archaeological survey of the coast of the Persian Gulf by Williamson identified three "concentrations of Sasanian settlements" at the Minab oasis, in the Siraf and Gavbandi regions, and on the Bushehr peninsula respectively from east to west. These areas were each connected to an inland center: Reishahr to Bishapur, Siraf to Gur and Hormoz to Kerman. The Bushehr peninsula and Siraf-Gavbandi zones correspond roughly to the coastal territories of Seif-e Al-e Abi Zuhair (Zohair Tribe Seashore) and Sief-e Muzaffar (Muzaffar Tribe Seashore) recorded in early Islamic sources from the 4th/10th century (229). The first zone stretched from Jannabah to Najiram and included the Bushehr peninsula. The latter was located between Najiram and Seif-e 'Omareh to the east of Siraf (230). A subdivision of the Siraf-Gavbandi zone is located 80 km to the east of Siraf and 25 km to the west of Lengeh. Although not mentioned by Williamson, this area also corresponds approximately to the Seif-e 'Omareh. fn. 229 Istakhri: 104-6, 140-2 fn. 230 Williamson, 1973: 104-6 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 52 Seif-e 'Omareh (western limit) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: Territory independent coordinate: lat 27.148457 long 52.94464 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Seif-e 'Omareh (western limit) , ※ SOURCE for Seif-e 'Omareh (western limit) « An archaeological survey of the coast of the Persian Gulf by Williamson identified three "concentrations of Sasanian settlements" at the Minab oasis, in the Siraf and Gavbandi regions, and on the Bushehr peninsula respectively from east to west. These areas were each connected to an inland center: Reishahr to Bishapur, Siraf to Gur and Hormoz to Kerman. The Bushehr peninsula and Siraf-Gavbandi zones correspond roughly to the coastal territories of Seif-e Al-e Abi Zuhair (Zohair Tribe Seashore) and Sief-e Muzaffar (Muzaffar Tribe Seashore) recorded in early Islamic sources from the 4th/10th century (229). The first zone stretched from Jannabah to Najiram and included the Bushehr peninsula. The latter was located between Najiram and Seif-e 'Omareh to the east of Siraf (230). A subdivision of the Siraf-Gavbandi zone is located 80 km to the east of Siraf and 25 km to the west of Lengeh. Although not mentioned by Williamson, this area also corresponds approximately to the Seif-e 'Omareh. fn. 229 Istakhri: 104-6, 140-2 fn. 230 Williamson, 1973: 104-6 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 52 Seimare river : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.102128 long 47.509571 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Seimare river , Seistan region : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RGN UFI: -3393233 coordinate: lat 30.5 long 62 NIMA/GNS names: Chakansur , Chakhansoor , Chakhnsoor , Chekhansor Province , Chekhansur , Nim Roz , Nimroze , Nimruz , Seistan , Seistan , Sistan , Sistan , Sistan , Velayat-e Chakhansur , Velayat-e Nimruz , Zabol , Zabolestan , سيستان , VARIANT names: Seistan region , NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 33.150002 long 44.533333 VARIANT names: Seleucia , Seleucia , ※ SOURCE for Seleucia owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Seleucia, 44.533333, 33.150002, IQ, nkn, exact, 146, tmcIRa0100_047a » ※ SOURCE for Seleucia city in Mesopotamia on the river Tigris founded by Seleucus Nicator in 312 BC and the chief city of the Seleucid empire, sacked by the Romans c. AD 162 Semirom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083467 coordinate: lat 31.4148036 long 51.56831568 NIMA/GNS names: Samirum , Semirom , Simrom , سمیرم , VARIANT names: Semirom , Semnan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083472 coordinate: lat 35.576915 long 53.392046 NIMA/GNS names: Samnan , Semnan , سمنان , VARIANT names: Semnan , Semnoon , ※ SOURCE for Semnoon « Semnoon » in {map#1344 in #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ fig. Map of Persia and Afghanistan: General Ferrier's Travels} « Route from Furrah to Semnoon. » #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ p. 438 Sen Sen : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083506 coordinate: lat 34.250446 long 51.27894 NIMA/GNS names: Sansen , Sen Sen , Sinsin , سن سن , VARIANT names: Sen Sen , Sensen , Sin-Sin , ※ SOURCE for Sensen « The 19th daye we came at night to Sensen [Sin-sin), a verie poore towne in a verie barren place nere a hill. Here we piched in a veri poore caravanserow out of the towne about half a mile (here the water is sweet), hauing traveled 6 lges. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 65 ※ SOURCE for Sin-Sin « but, as the sun was sinking, pushed on past Nasrahad, and eventually drove up to our night's rest-house at Sin-Sin through a world bathed in floods of magnificent moonlight. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 296 Ser Masjid : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 31.9838957371894 long 49.2823817657082 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ser Masjid , ※ SOURCE for Ser Masjid « Name of the monument at the head of the mosque Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian antiquity National number: 300 Cultural heritage and effort database of the Suleiman MosqueSer Masjid. The Sar Masjid prayer complex is one of the most important Parthian temples in Iran. In southwestern Iran, during the Seleucid and Parthian eras, the Elymais government ruled. The mentioned building is considered as one of the most significant buildings of the Elymais period and the name of Masjed Soleiman city is also taken from this historical site. » Ser zehi rizeuon : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.5649 long 56.1195 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Ser zehi rizeuon , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Ser zehi rizeuon AT Sarzeh lat 27.5649 long 56.1195 [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Ser zehi rizeuon « Vi è, con tutto ciò, un pozzo d'acqua buona e dolce; e chiamano il luogo Ser zehi rizeuon. Quivi i nostri camelli, essendo andati pascendo molto lontano, e la mattina non vedendoli noi da parte alcuna, credemmo certo che ci fossero stati condotti via da ladri. Mandai percio alcuni uomini nostri armati in traccia delle loro orme, i quali al fine, dopo avergli a lungo cercato, gli trovarono pascendo per quelle campagne, buona pezza lontano da noi, e ce li ricon dussero salvi tutti al posto. [There is, with all this, a well of good, sweet water; and they call the place Ser zehi rizeuon. There our camels, having gone grazing very far away, and in the morning not seeing them anywhere, we believed for certain that they had been led away from us by thieves. I therefore sent some of our armed men in search of their footsteps, who in the end, after having searched for them for a long time, found them grazing in those countryside, a good distance from us, and brought them all back safely to their place.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 287 Serai Meer Ali : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.789016 long 62.248488 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Serai Meer Ali , ※ SOURCE for Serai Meer Ali « Serai Meer Ali » in {map#1353 Map of Afghanistan and the adjacent countries / published by authority of the Honble Court of Directors of the East India Company, J. and C. Walker. Wm. H. Allen and Co., 1844, University of Wisconsin fig. } NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.975288 long 55.748835 VARIANT names: Saramião , Seramião , Serbehel , ※ SOURCE for Saramião « SARAMIÃO, porto de-v. Sirmion, porto de. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 144 « Saramião » north side of straights opposite « Lafetá » in map « Ormuz (1621 - 1622) » #2821 Monteiro, Armando da Silva Saturnino, Batalhas e combates da Marinha Portuguesa, 1992 ~ vol. 5 p. 278 « Saramião » north side of straights opposite « Lafetá » in map « Rio de Lafetá 1652) » #2821 Monteiro, Armando da Silva Saturnino, Batalhas e combates da Marinha Portuguesa, 1992 ~ vol. 5 p. 290 « Moreover, even after ‘Abdullah Khan began his siege of the fort on Qeshm, Rui Freire was able to send ships out to plunder Kuhestak, on the mainland south of Minab, and to attack the Persian forces occupying Saramiao, near modern Basidu at the western end of Qeshm, or Sermion as Pedro Teixeira called it. » #2885 D. T. Potts, The Portuguese on Qeshm, in: ed. Rudi Matthee and Jorge Flores, Portugal, the Persian Gulf and Safavid Persia, Peeters, Brussels, 2011, pp. 99-118 ~ p. 112 « Pelas fustas que regressaram à armada de Miguel Botelho, Rui Freire ordenou a este que fosse destruir a fortaleza de Saramião, fronteira à ponta de Lafetá, que servia de centro reabastecedor de armas, munições e mantimentos para o exército persa que estava operando em Queixome. [By the fustas that returned to Miguel Botelho's navy, Rui Freire ordered him to go and destroy the fortress of Saramião, bordering Ponta de Lafetá, which served as a resupply center for weapons, ammunition and supplies for the Persian army that was operating in Queixome.] » #2821 Monteiro, Armando da Silva Saturnino, Batalhas e combates da Marinha Portuguesa, 1992 ~ vol. 5 p. 284 « Botelho to hinder the passage of the enemy with twenty-five galliots, whose captains were Hieronymo Tavares, Sebastião Pereyra de Macedo, Antonio Palha, Lourenço Alvres Chamorro, Luis Martins, Bras Rodriguez Banha, Pero Gomes Azevedo, Manoel Cabaço, Luis Serrão, Ioão de Andrade da Gama, Manoel de Sousa, his brother Pedro Alvares de Castelbranquo, Diogo de Macedo, Gaspar Pereyra Paes, Francisco de Affonseca, Antonio Leytão o Camara and others, together with some Portuguese terranquims; his orders were to take up a position extending from the point of Lafeta(1) to opposite Saramião, the galliots being stationed a cannon-shot apart from each other with the terranquis in the middle, and he was not to let any vessel pass to either side of the coast, but burn or sink them all after putting their crews to the sword. After the armada had departed, there remained in the harbour 6 galliots, two pataxos, the galley, and ten terranquis; and lest the shores of Persia should deem themselves secure, the Captain-Major ordered Ioão Ferrão de Castelbranquo, a married man of Ormuz, to proceed to the city of Congo(2) and wreak all possible havoc therein; for this purpose he was given the six galliots, in which 200 veteran Portuguese soldiers were embarked, and the terranquis with the men of the King of Ormuz under the command of Hali Camal, a native Moor of Persia, who had entered the service of the King of Ormuz because the Shah had ordered him to kill his father and his two brothers, (whereby he was so infuriated against the Persians that fn. 1 Lafetá is presumably Laft, which is the point on the island of Kishm which lies closest to the Persian mainland. It is halfway up the western coast of the island. Saramião may be identical with Sidan just opposite on the mainland. Fn. 2 Bandar Kongo or Kung some 4 miles N.E. of Lingeh. The Portuguese subsequently (c. 1625) acquired a foothold therein and the ruins of the old Portuguese Fort and Customs-House are still (1928) extant. [V. Sir A. Wilson, The Persian Gulf, London, 1928, p. 154-] » #230 Boxer, C. R., Commentaries of Ruy Freyre de Andrada, The Broadway Travellers, George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1930 ~ p. 47 « As a result of this advantage, he ordered the Companies which were stationed in the moat to be withdrawn into the fort to the great relief of the men; and, with a view to stopping the enemy receiving reinforcements and not extinguishing the fire with which he had wasted all the coast of Persia, he wrote to Botelho to proceed with all the Armada against the fortress of Saramião, wherein the Persian had his magazines of the weapons and provisions which were expended by his army. Miguel Botelho received the letter, and putting the contents in Council, and the resolution thereof into effect, he went with 30 galliots and ten terranquis against Saramião at daybreak. The Fortress was so well garrisoned, and the Persians so confident, that they sallied out to receive our men on disembarking, never doubting that none would escape the edge of their scymetars; however, the artillery of the Armada facilitated our disembarkation, and thus our men anded on the shore, where they formed up unhindered n two squadrons, one of 400 Portuguese selected by he Captain Miguel Botelho, and the other of 300 Ormuzians and 150 Portuguese commanded by ntonio Palha, all drawn up in good order, together with a body of 300 sailors, each one with his axe, carrying also 20 scaling-ladders, so large that four men abreast could ascend each one of them. Botelho ordered Captain Antonio Palha to attack the environs of the town, and said that he with his own squadron would conquer the fortress or die. When this order had been given, they went marching each one for his own part, and Miguel Botelho on reaching the foot of the fortress planted the scaling ladders, whilst the Persians strove to prevent our ascending with shots from falcons, swivel-guns and muskets, but our men vieing with each other in mounting the most dangerous place stormed it, putting all they found therein to the edge of the sword. The Persians in the suburbs bravely defended themselves against Antonio Palha, but on seeing the fortress stormed they sought safety in flight, leaving our men masters of the Fort and environs, wherein they spent two days in loading the spoil which filled 20 galliots, and in cutting down many orchards within a distance of a league from the town; they burnt the houses and razed the fortress, and when the men had all embarked without anyone being missing, Miguel Botelho returned to anchor in his former station, from whence he wrote to the Captain-Major of the result of the victory, and sent him the 20 galliots laden with spoil, which the Captain-Major despatched to Ormuz, to be handed over to the Veador da Fazenda, advising him that it was time to pay the troops; and this they immediately did in Ormuz to those of the galliots, and sent them back with provisions for the others, and money to pay the men of the Fortress. » #230 Boxer, C. R., Commentaries of Ruy Freyre de Andrada, The Broadway Travellers, George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1930 ~ pp. 72-3 « SARAMIÃO, porto de-v. Sirmion, porto de. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 144 « After some time, the Portuguese naval force, which was at anchor in a creek near Laft, made another sortie, this time against the fortified Persian harbour of Saramião (it is difficult to identify this place), where many of the Persian supplies were handled. The Portuguese conquered the fortress and razed it to the ground.39 fn. 39 Boxer, Ruy Freyre, p. 70-71; Ruy Freire, Comentarios, p. 130-131. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ pp. 112-3 « a large Safavid force began a nine-month siege began on June 20, 1621. During the siege, which initially went well for the Portuguese, Rui Freire sent one of his officers to attack Kuhestak, which he sacked and burnt. Later he sent another of his officers to attack the fort of " Saramião, [Bandel de Camorão?] wherein the Persian had his magazines of weapons and provisions which were expended by his army." The Portuguese razed the fort and burnt the houses. In December 1623, he ordered an attack on Jask, because the English East India Company had a factory there. The Portuguese sacked the place, and then burned and reduced it to ashes, including the EIC factory. Of the 2.000 inhabitants of Jask only 500 were able to escape; of the rest "neither age nor sex were spared." The Portuguese from the Qeshm fort made a sally against a Safavid fort on Laft Island and destroyed it as well as the three galliots and 300 terradas on the beach." » #1596 Floor, Willem, The Persian Gulf: A Political and Economic History of Five Port Cities 1500-1730, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2006 ~ p. 229 ※ SOURCE for Seramião « SERAMIÃO, porto de-v. Sirmion, porto de. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 153 ※ SOURCE for Serbehel « Serbehel » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 Serizjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083541 coordinate: lat 28.9587 long 52.5479 NIMA/GNS names: Sariz Jan , Serizjan , Serizqan , Surzakun , سریز جان , VARIANT names: Serizjan , Serten : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.386473 long 55.004229 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Thévenot took 7.5 hours from Hormud to Tang Dalan, 30 kms av. 4 km/hr. 4.5 hrs to Seres ≃ 18 kms which is junction with path west to Tudaru and Dehun. VARIANT names: Serten , ※ SOURCE for Serten « We parted from thence on Saturday half an hour after a eleven a Clock at Night, and took our way full South, by a by a very bad and flony Road, Sunday about four a Clock in the Morning we pafted by, a little covered Kervanferay, called Serten, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 133 Seruman : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3196795 coordinate: lat 33.616667 long 54.433333 NIMA/GNS names: Seh Ruman , Seruman , سرومن , سه رومن , VARIANT names: Seruman , Seyah Kuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: -3085675 coordinate: lat 34.672 long 52.2864 NIMA/GNS names: Seyah Kuh , Siah Kuh , سياه كوه , سياه كوه , VARIANT names: Seyah Kuh , Seydan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083571 coordinate: lat 31.366821 long 50.083348 NIMA/GNS names: Seydan , Seydun , صيدان , صیدون , VARIANT names: Seydan , Seyfabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083593 coordinate: lat 34.704586 long 48.033419 NIMA/GNS names: Saifabad , Seyfabad , سیف آباد , VARIANT names: Seid-Abad , Seyfabad , ※ SOURCE for Seid-Abad « et, après avoir suivi quelque temps une belle route, nous arrivons à deux heures un quart au bourg de Seid-Abad, planté de vi-gnobles et d'arbres fruitiers, et environné d'un mur de terre. Auprès, est un petit village ap-pelé Soufy, où l'on nous donna un vaste logement. [and, after following a beautiful road for some time, we arrive at two hours and a quarter at the village of Seid-Abad, planted with vineyards and fruit trees, and surrounded by an earthen wall. Nearby is a small village called Soufy, where we were given a large lodging.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 255 Seyfabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083581 coordinate: lat 28.164182 long 53.151338 NIMA/GNS names: Seyfabad , سیف آباد , VARIANT names: Seifabad , Seyfabad , ※ SOURCE for Seifabad « Bei dem Dorf Laghar, 16 km von Ab-e Garm entfernt, liegen zwei Tepes. Bei dem Dorf Seifabad, 3 km von Laghar, soll ein Chahar Taq erhalten sein, doch mußte ich die Suche ergebnislos aufgeben. Am Fluß liegt 1 km entfernt ein sehr großer Tepe, der für die Erforschung der Vorgeschichte dieser Gegend von großer Bedeutung werden kann. [Near the village of Laghar, 16 km from Ab-e Garm, there are two tepes. Near the village of Seifabad, 3 km from Laghar, a Chahar Taq is said to have been preserved, but I had to give up the search without success. 1 km away on the river there is a very large tepe, which could be of great importance for research into the prehistory of this area.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ pp. 185-6 Seyyed Davud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10334836 coordinate: lat 28.9043 long 52.3766 NIMA/GNS names: Seyyed Davud , سید داود , VARIANT names: Emamzadeh Seyyed Davud in Khergeh , Seyyed Davud , ※ SOURCE for Emamzadeh Seyyed Davud in Khergeh « Emamzadeh Seyyed Davud in Khergeh (Taf. 28,1) (Abb. 5; 216)144Lage: Westlich der sasanidischen Rundstadt Gur bei Firuzabad, in +1500 m ü. N. N., am alten Karawanenweg von Bandar-e Bushehr über Farrashband - Firuzabad nach Djahrom und Darab. Die Bedeutung dieser Route wird durch die auf sasanidischen Resten mehrfach erneuerte, mit- telalterliche Brücke unmittelbar westlich der Rundstadt von Gur hervorgehoben.Das Emamzadeh wird von einem Rechteck von Räu- men karavanserailartig umgeben, die als Räume einer Koran- schule und als Unterkunftsräume für Pilger zu betrachten sind. Der Bau dürfte ins 14. Jahrhundert zurückreichen, hat aber mehrere Umund Ausbauphasen und Erweiterungen bis in die qadjarische Zeit erfahren. [Emamzadeh Seyyed Davud in Khergeh (Table 28,1) (Fig. 5; 216)144Location: West of the Sasanian circular city of Gur near Firuzabad, at +1500 m above sea level, on the old caravan route from Bandar-e Bushehr via Farrashband - Firuzabad to Djahrom and Darab. The importance of this route is highlighted by the medieval bridge, which has been renovated several times on Sasanian remains, immediately west of the circular city of Gur.The Emamzadeh is surrounded by a rectangle of rooms in the style of a caravanserai, which can be regarded as rooms for a Koran school and as accommodation for pilgrims. The building probably dates back to the 14th century, but underwent several phases of renovation and expansion up until the Qajar period.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 120 ※ SOURCE for Seyyed Davud 3079 abb 5 Seyyed Djaffari Ab-Anbar : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.679428 long 54.331359 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Seyyed Djaffari Ab-Anbar , ※ SOURCE for Seyyed Djaffari Ab-Anbar « Die vermutlich älteste noch in Betrieb befindliche Zisterne ist die Seyyed Djaffari Ab-Anbar genannte Anlage am westlichen Stadtrand von Lar (Abb. 18). Sie besteht aus einem großen, konisch gewölbten Dom mit einem Durchmesser von etwa 14 m und einer Höhe von rund rom, das eigentliche Reservoir ist ein rundes, zylinder- artiges Becken, welches angeblich an die 20 m tief sein soll. Die Wasserversorgung der Zisterne erfolgt aus dem safavidischen Kanal aus dem Tal westlich der Qal'ch Ashdahar Paykar. [The probably oldest cistern still in operation is the facility called Seyyed Djaffari Ab-Anbar on the western outskirts of Lar (Fig. 18). It consists of a large, conically vaulted dome with a diameter of around 14 m and a height of around rom. The actual reservoir is a round, cylindrical basin, which is said to be around 20 m deep. The cistern's water supply comes from the Safavid canal from the valley west of the Qal'ch Ashdahar Paykar.] » #3205 R. Pohanka, The historical buildings of the city of Lar., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1983 vol. 16:pp. 347-48. ~ p. 354 Seyyed Jabal od Din : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083703 coordinate: lat 27.211667 long 55.573056 NIMA/GNS names: Seyyed Jabal od Din , Seyyed Jabal od Din , سيد جبال الدين , سيد جبال الدين , VARIANT names: Seyyed Gemål ad-Din , Seyyed Jabal od Din , ※ SOURCE for Seyyed Gemål ad-Din « Der von den Reisenden des 17. Jahrhunderts zwischen dem Austritt aus den Bergen nahe dem heutigen Dorf Seyyed Gemål ad-Din im Westen und Bandar-e 'Abbas im Osten benutzte Weg über Gacin und einem an der Küste gelegenen Ort Band-e 'Alias wird vom heutigen Durchgangsverkehr wegen der schlechten Bodenverhältnisse gemieden. Heute folgt man für 21 km der Bandar-e 'Abbas- Kerman-Straße, zweigt dann von dieser nach Westen ab und fährt an den Südausläufern des Küh-e Gisü entlang bis zum Dorf Seyyed Gemäl ad-Din (106 km von Bandar-e 'Abbas), [The route used by 17th century travelers between the exit from the mountains near the present-day village of Seyyed Gemål ad-Din in the west and Bandar-e 'Abbas in the east via Gacin and a coastal town Band-e 'Alias is avoided by today's through traffic because of the poor ground conditions. Today you follow the Bandar-e 'Abbas-Kerman road for 21 km, then branch off to the west and drive along the southern foothills of the Küh-e Gisü to the village of Seyyed Gemäl ad-Din (106 km from Bandar-e 'Abbas),] fn. 33 De Silva Figueroa, S. 42; Chardin, S. 232; Thévenot, S. 197. » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 38 Seyyed Mahmud Mahdi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 9059 coordinate: lat 27.666667 long 52.666667 NIMA/GNS names: Seyyed Mahmud Mahdi , VARIANT names: Seyyed Mahmud Mahdi , ※ SOURCE for Seyyed Mahmud Mahdi « Gaube went directly to Galehdar, where he found a cemetery and Imamzadeh with Safavid tomb covers and ceramics (probably Tomb-e Pir Mardi,G 14 in our survey). » #3160 Donald Whitcomb, Archaeological Surveys in the Highlands behind Siraf, in: , Proceedings of the Intemational Congress of Siraf Port, Bushehr Branch of Iranology Foundation, Bushehr, Iran, 2005, pp. 94-108 ~ Shaam : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -782369 coordinate: lat 26.027895 long 56.083518 NIMA/GNS names: Ash Sha`m , Sha`m , Shaam , VARIANT names: Shaam , ※ SOURCE for Shaam « Shaam is a considerable village, in lat. 26° 1' 53" N., long. 56° 11'14" E. (the fort), two miles to the southward of Shaarn Point, and is inhabited by about two hundred and fifty of the Tannagee Tribe, with nearly as many strangers of mixed tribes ; they are principally fishermen. A short distance from this place is a remarkable white patch in the high land that forms the Point of Shaarn, and when the sun shines on it, it is seen at a considerable distance. The Shaikh of the village is also governor of the small district of the same name, and has altogether about nine hundred persons under his government, of the tribes above mentioned. This is the boundary of the dominions of the Imaum of Muskat. They suffered much during the predominance of the pirates, but are now recovering from it. Inland there is, towards the hills, a considerable tract 'of cultivated ground. In the date groves were found some good wells of water. Small supplies of cattle, poultry, etc. are procurable, and the Shaikh and people were quite civil. The range of hills runs from here southerly to some distance beyond Ras-ool-Khyma, where they take a south-easterly direction, and are soon 'lost sight of from the coast ; the hills about here are about twelve hundred feet high. Here the bank commences with regular soundings from three fathoms near the beach to twenty fathoms two and a half or three miles off shore. The inhabitants here, as well as at those places before described, are Mahomedans of the Soonee faith, although some few Wahabees may be found among them. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 540 « At twelve miles from Rams we come to Shuam, where the Pirate coast terminates. Shuam is situated in a low gorge more than a mile from the sea, the huts of which may be seen clustering up the sides of the hills like beehives, and it lies to the south of a well-watered cultivated ravine full of palms. The wells, sixteen in number, are both square and round, and appear to have at one time formed part of an ancient felej leading to a very remarkable conical hill on the beach, sixty feet high, called “Al-Sanain,” or the “idol,” suggesting the idea that it was probably an object of worship in the “Days of Ignorance.” Close by is the tomb of a Moslem Saint, Shaikh Zohair, which is built of stone and Madripore coral and has the appearance of Persian work. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London:Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p.445 Shabankareh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083772 coordinate: lat 28.9052 long 52.7619 NIMA/GNS names: Shabankareh , شبانکاره , VARIANT names: Shabankareh , ※ SOURCE for Shabankareh « Jukan を?ぎると、道はShabankārah and Maymandへ?じる ???道との???に?する。Jūkānは. Mustawfi Qazwini が Rubāt Jamkän (Ribat-i Jam- akān)と記している地?と一?す [After Jukan the road reaches a junction with a dirt road leading to Shabankārah and Maymand. Jūkān corresponds to a place name recorded by Mustawfi Qazwini as Rubāt Jamkān (Ribat-i Jamakān).] » #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ p. 37 « Maimand consists of 3 villages: Üliva and Suflä (otherwise called Deh Bälä and Deh Pain) and Shabänkärch, and is famous for its rose-gardens, producing all the rose-water ex- posted from the S. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 480 Shabus : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786365 coordinate: lat 26.16142 long 56.43718 NIMA/GNS names: Balad Shabus , Shabus , شابوص , VARIANT names: Shabus , ※ SOURCE for Shabus Survey, design, consultants of water supply schemes for Tayibat, Ghrumdah, Fudhra, Bukha, Al Jadi, Al Jirri, Qidah, Kumzar, Habalayn, Shabus, Shairsah, Limah, Bayah #171 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Musandam Water Supply Schemes, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1975 ~ « Inhabitants. The fixed population of Ruus-al-Jibal are entirely of the Shihüh tribe, with the exception of some Dhahuriyin who inhabit the villages of Shabūs and Shisah and most of the villages in Ghubbat Ghazirah and Khor-ash-Sham; from the topographical table below it will be seen that the number of the settled inhabitants of the coast, where alone such are found is about 13,750 souls. In the interior of the district the people are all Bedouins of the Shihüh tribe. The mode of life of both sections of the community is described in the article Shihüh. » #2790 'Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf. Vol. II. Geographical and Statistical. J G Lorimer. 1908' [?1605] (1724/2084), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C91/4, in Qatar Digital Library online reference link/81055/vdc_100023515719.0x00007d [accessed 4 April 2023], ~ NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 30.366667 long 57.416667 VARIANT names: Shadad , ※ SOURCE for Shadad « Shadad, (Iran) 30° 22' N 57° 25' E » #429 Roaf, Michael, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1996, pp. 65, 79, 232 pre Medes and Persians #411 p. 79 Shadegan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083800 coordinate: lat 30.64924 long 48.664969 NIMA/GNS names: Fallabiyeh , Fallahiyeh , Fallehiyeh , Shadegan , Shadgan , شادگان , VARIANT names: Doraq- al-Fallahiyeh , Fallahiya , Fellahiyah , Shadegan , ※ SOURCE for Doraq- al-Fallahiyeh « Early in the seventeenth century, apparently the capital of the Ka' ab tribe was at Qubban; and there it remained until 1747, when a move was made to Fallahiyeh Town or Doraq- al-Fallahiyeh as it was then styled. Another old settlement of the Ka'ab, since abandoned, was Sablah or Sablah; it stood on the right bank of the Karun river, opposite to the island of Dair and the Marid creek. » #2726 Gazetteer of Arabia, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/16/2/2, 1917, ~ vol. 2 p 991 ※ SOURCE for Fallahiya « … during the reign of Nadir Shāh [q.v.]. Shaykh Salman built a new town, which he called Fallaḥiya, five miles to the south of Dawrak, which thereafter fell into ruin. In order to protect Fallaḥiya against the Huwala and other hostile tribes, Shaykh Salman erected a strong fort there and built a mud wall two miles in circumference round the town. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 p. 181 « The town of Felláhíyah is surrounded by a mud wall, with equidistant towers now almost in ruins. It is a place of no strength, but has a strong barrier to invasion or the Persian side, in its many deep canals and watercourses, which would render it, if defended with any degree of firmness, utterly unapproach- able by an Oriental army. The river Jerráhí, about 2 farsakhs (1) above Felláhíyah, is divided into two branches, one of which, generally termed the Nahr Búsí, runs into the sea at Khór Músá (2) near Bender Ma'shúr; the second, continuing its course through Felláhíyah, is eventually lost in irrigation, except a small artificial branch of it, which finds its way into the Kárún, about 10 miles above Mohammerah. The accompanying sketch may afford an idea of the position of Felláhíyah; and the names, courses, and number of the various canals and watercourses derived from the river. fn. 1 Seven and a half miles. fn. 2 Gulf of Moses. » #2939 AH Layard, A Description of the Province of Khúzistán, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1846 ~ pp. 39-40 ※ SOURCE for Fellahiyah « As the ghulâm had informed me, the country between Ahwaz and Fellahiyah had been abandoned by its usual Arab population, and during my long ride I did not see a single human being. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 2 p. 54 ※ SOURCE for Shadegan « In the 18th century the Ka'b Arabs took over from the Afšār tribe, and Shaikh Salman built a new settlement called Fallahiya south of Dawraq, which subsequently fell into ruins; in the late 19th century the descendants of Salman were still in possession of Fallāhiya (Curzon, Persian Question II, pp. 322-25; Lockhart). In 1302 Š./1933 the name of Fallāhiya was changed to Šādagan, which is now the administrative center of a bakš (district) of the same name in the šahrestan (subprovince) of Korramšahr in the province of Kuzestan; in 1339 Š./1960 the baks had a population of ca. 55,000 people (Razmārā, Farhang VI, p. 228). » at online reference link « Shadegan/Fellahiyah: the present-day capital of the district was founded in the 1740s. There are no visible remains of earlier settlement, although Layard stated it was founded “around a small tappeh, or artificial mound” [29: p. 42], which may point to the existence of a ruined older settlement at the same place. Its name was changed from Fellahiyah to Shadegan in the 1930s. » #2942 Jan Walstra,Vanessa Mary An Heyvaert, Peter Verkinderen, Assessing human impact on alluvial fan development: A multidisciplinary case-study from Lower Khuzestan (SW Iran), Geodinamica Acta, 2010 ~ p. 269 Shadhakan : stream grp 4 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.461482 long 50.671482 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Shadhakan , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Shadhakān AT Rud-e Shur lat 29.461482 long 50.671482 [Minorsky], ※ SOURCE for Shadhakan « 31. According to Ist., 119, Shadhagan rose in Bäzranj (province of Arra- jän) and flowed to the sea through Tambük-i Müristan (province of Sabür) and Dasht-i Dastagan (the town of which was lie, § 29, 9.). Shadhagan is not mentioned in the Fars-nama. As suggested by Le Strange, o.c., 274, the river meant here may be one of the streams emptying themselves into the sea south of Ganawa. In point of fact recent English maps show a considerable river Rüd-i Shür of which the estuary is located 12 miles north of that of the Rud-i Hilla (= Shapur), and south of Bandar-Rig. The course of this little known river can be traced for some 60 miles northwards up to the parallel 30°. This must be the Shadhakān. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937, ~ p.212 Shaghun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10391639 coordinate: lat 28.6492 long 53.0932 NIMA/GNS names: Shaghun , شاغون , VARIANT names: Sacoûn , Shaghun , ※ SOURCE for Sacoûn « L'autre, à gauche, conduit à Karzi, par le village de Kiech-Kalaïni. Sacoûn est éloigné.de ces deux autres endroits de sept farsengs. [The other, on the left, leads to Karzi, through the village of Kiech-Ka-laïni. Sacoûn is seven farsengs away from these two other places.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 458 Shah Abbasi Caravanserai Mahidasht : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) Supplement: hah Abbasi Caravanserai Mahidasht کاروانسرای شاه عباسی ماهیدشت VARIANT names: Karavanserail Mahidasht , Shah Abbasi Caravanserai Mahidasht , ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Mahidasht « Karavanserail Mahidasht (Taf. 12,1.2) (Abb. 121 und 136)(102)Lage: Am Rande des Dorfes Mahidasht, an der Straße von Kermanshah nach Qasr-e Shirin, 26 km westlich von Kermanshah und 38 km nordöstlich von Eslamabad (Shaha-bad-e Gharb). Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit 4 Iwanen und 4 getrennten Stallabschnitten. Kuppel über dem Eingang. Auf der Ostseite Toilettenanlagen.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 70 x 68 m. Hofmaße 35,10× 37,20 m (Querachse). Kuppeldurchmesser 7,70 m. Mauer-stärke 1 m.Baumaterial: Ziegelbau (25/25/6cm) auf Naturstein-sockel, Hof gepflastert.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Dem Verfall preisgegeben. Oberteil der Fassade eingestürzt.Inschriften: Inschrift über der Einfahrt verlorengegangen.Datierung: Safavidisch.fn. 100 Ebenda 241. Der Bau wurde am 5. 3. 1973 vermessen. [Mahidasht Caravanserai (Plate 12,1.2) (Figs. 121 and 136)(102)Location: On the outskirts of the village of Mahidasht, on the road from Kermanshah to Qasr-e Shirin, 26 km west of Kermanshah and 38 km northeast of Eslamabad (Shaha-bad-e Gharb). Type: Courtyard caravanserai with four iwans and four separate stable sections. Dome over the entrance. Toilet facilities on the east side.Dimensions: External dimensions 70 x 68 m. Courtyard dimensions 35.10 x 37.20 m (transverse axis). Dome diameter 7.70 m. Wall thickness 1 m.Building material: Brick construction (25 x 25 x 6 cm) on a natural stone base, paved courtyard.Structural features and condition: In disrepair. Upper part of the facade collapsed.Inscriptions: Inscription above the entrance lost.Dating: Safavid.fn. 100 Ibid. 241. The building was surveyed on March 5, 1973.] » #3474 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1996 Band 2:Teil 1: ~ pp. 82-3 Shah Abu al Shah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083906 coordinate: lat 30.177241 long 50.098479 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh `Abdollah , Emamzadeh Shah Abdolah , Shah `Abdollah , Shah Abu al Shah , Shah Abu L Shah , Shah Abu ol Shah , Shah Abu Shah , Shah Abui Sha , Shaikh `Abdullah , Shaykh `Abd Allah , Sheykh `Abdollah , امامزاده عبدالله , شاه عبدالله , VARIANT names: Shabulshaw , Shah Abu al Shah , ※ SOURCE for Shabulshaw « Shabulshaw ..... [names of places] | 8 [distance] | A small village standing on the sea-shore. [remarks] » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ p. 456 « Shabulshaw » in {map#1129 Map of Asia Minor Armenia and Koordistan, , 1816, #3020 John Macdonald Kinneir, Journey Through Asia Minor, Armenia, and Koordistan in the Years 1813 and 1814, John Murray, London, 1818 ~} Shah Ahmdor : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3196828 coordinate: lat 28.370833 long 54.217222 NIMA/GNS names: Chah-e Ahmadu , Shah Ahmdor , Shah Ahmdur , Shah-e Ahmadur , VARIANT names: Shah Ahmdor , ※ SOURCE for Shah Ahmdor « Darābegird 1 day Hasū 4) 1 day Kerib 1 day Guwaim Abi Ahmed 5) 1 day Kārijān 6) 1 day Bārāb 1 day Kurān 7) 1 day Sirāf 8). The area between Kusu and Juwun is little known, Wilson gives a route via Shah Ahmdor, which is twice as far from Juwun as from Kusu. The Russian map has Gerift, which may be associated with Kerib (Gerib). For Kārijān, Wilson's »#1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ p. 201 « Shah Ahmdor » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} [The location of Wilson's « Shah Ahmdor » is 7.7km heading 215° from this modern location. PBR] Shah Bad serai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.942728 long 62.237372 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shah Bad serai , ※ SOURCE for Shah Bad serai « Shah Bad serai » in {map#1353 Map of Afghanistan and the adjacent countries / published by authority of the Honble Court of Directors of the East India Company, J. and C. Walker. Wm. H. Allen and Co., 1844, University of Wisconsin} Shah Bahram : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083930 coordinate: lat 27.5374 long 53.2103 NIMA/GNS names: Shah Bahram , Shah Baran , Showrun , شاه بهرام , VARIANT names: Shah Bahram , Shah Bidarra : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: TMB UFI: 10137833 coordinate: lat 28.7922 long 51.7505 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Baharestan , Shah Bidarra , امامزاده بهارستان , شاه بیدررا , VARIANT names: Pir Chah - habi - Derde , Shah Bidarra , ※ SOURCE for Pir Chah - habi - Derde « Presque au bout de la vallée, à cinq cents pas de la route, est un mausolée dont le dessus , est en forme pyramidale. Il renferme les restes révérés du Pir (2) Chah - habi - Derdè. fn. 2 Ce mot signifie, en persan, vieillard. C'est un titre d'honneur, comme le nom de cheykh parmi les Arabes. Il répond au latin senior, d'où les Italiens ont fait signor, seigneur [Almost at the end of the valley, five hundred paces from the road, is a mausoleum, the top of which is pyramidal in shape. It contains the revered remains of the Pir (2) Shah - habi - Derdè. fn. 2 This word means, in Persian, old man. It is a title of honor, like the name of sheikh among the Arabs. It corresponds to the Latin senior, from which the Italians have made signor, lord] » #3256 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Gazetteer of Persia Vol. IV, Printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1892 ~ vol. 2 p. 58 Shah Cheragh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MSQE UFI: 10069316 coordinate: lat 29.60956409 long 52.54339983 NIMA/GNS names: Shah Cheragh , شاه چراغ , VARIANT names: Shah Cheragh , Shah Farajollah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083981 coordinate: lat 27.6473 long 52.9185 NIMA/GNS names: Shah Farajollah , شاه فرج الله , VARIANT names: Shah Farajollah , Shah Firuz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 11787918 coordinate: lat 29.362547 long 55.818987 NIMA/GNS names: Shah Firuz , شاه فيروز , VARIANT names: Shah Feeruz , Shah Firuz , ※ SOURCE for Shah Feeruz « Shah Feeruz, a mound and tower, N. 5° W., 4½ rniles distant. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 63 Shah Gheib : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083971 coordinate: lat 27.906834 long 55.019661 NIMA/GNS names: Shah Gheib , Shah Gheyb , Shah-e Gheyb , شاه غیب , VARIANT names: Shah Gheib , Shahghaib , ※ SOURCE for Shahghaib « 27th March, Shahghaib, 7 farsakhs; 5.30. a.m. to 2.30 p.m. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 148 Shah Kiz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.922577 long 53.286926 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shah Kiz , ※ SOURCE for Shah Kiz « At 1½ miles Shah Kiz on the E. bank of the river. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 [stage distance 17½ miles actual length 22.3 miles. corrected to 1.9 miles. PBR] Shah Taki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3062044 coordinate: lat 35.964347 long 59.441125 NIMA/GNS names: Emam Taqi , Shah Taki , Shah Taqi , Shah Taqi-ye Piveh Zhan , شاه تقی , VARIANT names: Shah Taki , Shah Tal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013050 coordinate: lat 32.4925 long 52.270556 NIMA/GNS names: Shah Nur , Shah Tal , Shah Tall , Shah Tur , Shatur , VARIANT names: Shah Tal , Shah Uzbeg : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 33.48956299 long 62.26803518 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shah Uzbeg , Shah Zand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3054127 coordinate: lat 33.931322 long 49.406287 NIMA/GNS names: Azadshahr , Shah Zand , Shazand , شازند , VARIANT names: Shah Zand , Shahzand , ※ SOURCE for Shahzand « Shahzand » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 3 Karte Irans, Ausschnitt der Regionen Teheran - Esfahan - Shiraz} Shahabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083858 coordinate: lat 28.3296 long 53.0594 NIMA/GNS names: Shahabad , شاه آباد , VARIANT names: Shahabad , ※ SOURCE for Shahabad « Shahabad » in {map#1232 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, parts of Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1915, Qatar Digital Library fig. Sheet No. 17 1915} Shahabad tepe : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.323622 long 53.069614 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shahabad tepe , ※ SOURCE for Shahabad tepe « Nachdem man ein vegetationsarmes Bergland durchquert hat, gelangt man in eine große, von einem Fluß bewässerte Ebene. Zu beiden Seiten des Flusses, 13 km von der Pul-e 'Arus entfernt, liegen ausgedehnte Siedlungshügel nahe dem Dorf Shahabad. Der auf derselben Flußseite wie das Dorf gelegene Tepe ergab Keramik-Lesefunde aus chal- kolithischer, frühgeschichtlicher und islamischer Zeit (Taf. 87, 1). Die chalkolithische Ke ramik ist helle Ware mit schwarzer Bemalung. Ein Stück ist nur 2 mm dick und beidseitig [After crossing a mountainous area with little vegetation, one comes to a large plain irrigated by a river. On both sides of the river, 13 km from the Pul-e 'Arus, there are extensive settlement mounds near the village of Shahabad. The tepe, which is on the same side of the river as the village, yielded ceramic finds from the Chalcolithic, early historical and Islamic periods (Pl. 87, 1). The Chalcolithic ceramics are light-coloured ware with black painting. One piece is only 2 mm thick and has black markings on both sides.] » #3367 Gropp, G., Nadjmabadi, S.,, Bericht ¸ber eine Reise in West- und Südiran, Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1970 vol. 3:pp. 173-230. ~ p. 184 Shahbazi Cemetery : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.009977 long 52.58838 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shahbazi Cemetery , ※ SOURCE for Shahbazi Cemetery see google maps Shahbid : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 33.94265442 long 62.23736459 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shahbid , ※ SOURCE for Shahbid « 1020. SHAHBID Or RABAT-I SHAHBID. Lat. 33º 56’ N, long. 62º 14’ E. Map 70. Revised: 33.94265442 N, 62.23736459 E / 33º 56’ 33.55590804 N, 62º 14’ 14.51251212 E. Herat Province. 33 km south of Herat on the road to Adraskān, on the left bank of a stream. Description: A ruined caravanserai dedicated to Shaikh Ismā’il Khān Mustaufi. There are a few badly damaged inscriptions, one of them giving the dedication. Fieldwork: 1885 Peacocke, ABC—topographical survey. Sources: 1. Lal 1846: 169–70—mention and translation of the inscription. 2. Peacocke 1887a: 213—mention. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 340 Shahi Bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 35.855143 long 52.056618 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shahi Bridge , Shahid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083999 coordinate: lat 28.5934 long 52.2295 NIMA/GNS names: Shabid , Shahed , Shahid , شهید , VARIANT names: Shahid , Shahidabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3057905 coordinate: lat 30.4215 long 53.21915 NIMA/GNS names: Cham Bayan , Cham-e Bayan , Shahidabad , چم بیان , شهید آباد , VARIANT names: Shahidabad , Shahid'abad Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 30.419815 long 53.214939 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye `Abbasi , Khana Kargam caravanserai , Shahid'abad Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Khana Kargam caravanserai « On the right it bank is the large masonry caravansarai of Khana Kargam, somewhat ruined. Passing this on the left, the road ascends some round-topped hills b by rather a steep gradient, and descending slightly thence, goes up the bed of a nala to the top of another range. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 189 Shahid-e Chaharbandeh Karvangah-e : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RHSE UFI: 6292712 coordinate: lat 32.517458 long 63.124687 NIMA/GNS names: Sahide Caharbande Karwangah , Shahid-e Chahar Band-e Karwan Gah , Shahid-e Chaharbandeh Karvangah-e , Shahid-e Char Band Karwan Gah , Shakhidi-Chakharbandi-Karvangakh , شهید چار بند کاروان گاه , شهید چهار بند کاروان گاه , VARIANT names: Shahid-e Chaharbandeh Karvangah-e , Shahijan Castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.876689 long 51.488527 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shahijan Castle , ※ SOURCE for Shahijan Castle in google maps قلعه شاهیجان Shahin Qal`eh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3786500 coordinate: lat 36.508132 long 59.37128 NIMA/GNS names: Shahin Qa`leh , Shahin Qal`eh , شاهین قلعه , VARIANT names: Shahin Qal`eh , Shahinshah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083922 coordinate: lat 33.3971 long 48.2817 NIMA/GNS names: Gusheh , Gusheh Talqani , Qaryeh-ye Shahanshah , Shahanshah , Shahinshah , Shahshanah , شهشناه , شهنشاه , گوشه طالقانی , VARIANT names: Shahinshah , Shah-in-Shah , ※ SOURCE for Shah-in-Shah « Shah-in-Shah itself is on a low spur above the plain, and is distinguished by a white dome from which Khurramābād bears 32 » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 153 Shahpur : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMIX UFI: -3760796 coordinate: lat 29.799808 long 51.645018 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Sefid , Rudkhaneh-ye Tang-e Shib , Shahpur , رودخانه تنگ شیب , رودخانه سفید , شاهپور , VARIANT names: Shahpur , Shahr Babak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084162 coordinate: lat 30.1165 long 55.1186 NIMA/GNS names: Shahr Babak , Shahr-e Babak , Shahr-i-Babak , شهر بابک , VARIANT names: Shahr Babak , Shahr-i-Babek , ※ SOURCE for Shahr-i-Babek « Upon continuing the march, we did not enter Shahr-i-Bábek,¹ which lies in a very rich plain, fn. 1 The alternative name of Abu Bekr which appeared on maps is now unknown. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 78 Shahrabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3084119 coordinate: lat 32.467557 long 53.594192 NIMA/GNS names: Mazra`eh-ye Sharba , Shahrabad , She`rabad , شهر آباد , مزرعه شربا , VARIANT names: Shahrabad , Shahraban : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3102666 coordinate: lat 33.9786111 long 44.9369444 NIMA/GNS names: Al Miqdadiyah , Muqdadiyah , Shahraban , Shahroban , VARIANT names: Chehreban , Schehraban , Shahraban , ※ SOURCE for Chehreban « Nous partimes donc le matin du 10, et après avoir marché pendant. neuf heures par un ſoleil très-ardent, nous arrivames à une heure après midi à Chehreban, gros bourg au Nord-Eft de Bagdad, ſitué ſur le bord oriental de la Diala, qui lui four-nit de l'eau par un canal. » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 171 ※ SOURCE for Schehraban « Schehraban » in {map#1343 Reisen im Orient. von H. Petermann ; Nebst Einer Karte, Entworfen Von H. Kiepert. 2. Band, p. 243, 1861, } ※ SOURCE for Shahraban « At 10 miles Shahraban is reached, where there is a telegraph office and post office, several caravansarais, and a roofed bāzār. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 146 Shahrak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3391628 coordinate: lat 32.5830556 long 62.7522222 NIMA/GNS names: Sahrak , Shahrak , VARIANT names: Shaharak , Shahrak , ※ SOURCE for Shaharak « 17. Shaharak (15 miles-220 miles 2 furlongs). -Abundance of good water; grass plentiful; villages and cultivation near. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 333 Shahrak-e Vazireh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10433862 coordinate: lat 28.942171 long 54.891701 NIMA/GNS names: Shahrak-e Vazireh , شهرک وزیره , VARIANT names: Shahrak-e Vazireh , Wazeera , ※ SOURCE for Wazeera « Halt at Wazeera at the 12th mile. ... Wazeera is a mud fort, about 20 yards square, with round corner towers and a big central one. It contains 50 inhabitants, but is in a dilapidated condition. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 20 Shahr-e Fuyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084577 coordinate: lat 28.022002 long 54.110946 NIMA/GNS names: Shahr Fuyeh , Shahr-e Fuyeh , Sharafuyeh , Sharfooyeh , Sharfuyeh , شرفویه , شهر فویه , VARIANT names: AesZje-rafie , Chereffi , Scherafi , Schirafir , Shahr-e Fuyeh , Sharafu , Sharfu , ※ SOURCE for AesZje-rafie « Nous primes à droite,trouvámes quelques perfonnes couchées ſous des tentes, que nous obligeames de nous montrer le chemin,arrivames, à une heure du matin, après unc traite de 5 licues, au village d' AesZje-rafie: mais comme il n'y avoit point de Caravanserai, nous allá. mes loger dans une affez bonne maifon, ou je trouvai l'eau un peu faléc. Pluſieurs Voyageurs avoient écrit leurs noms contre les murailles de cette maifon, où je lus entr'autres ces paroles, Monfr. le Directeur Keits mourut ici l'an MDCXC. le XXIX. Mai. Cela étoit arrivé pendant le voyage de Mr. Van Leenen, Confeiller extraordinaire des Indes, que la Compagnie envoya en ce tems-là à Ifpahan, en qualité d'Ambafladeur,auquel ce Directeur devoit fervir de fecond. On le fit enterrer en ce lieu-là, fans aucune ceremonie,fans mettre une pierre fur fon tombeau. Ce village eft grand,contient un grand nombre de jardins, remplis de palmiersd'autres arbres fruitiers. [We took to the right, found some people lying under tents, whom we obliged to show us the way, arrived, at one o'clock in the morning, after a treaty of 5 licues, at the village of AesZje-rafie: but as it was not There was no Caravanserai, we went. I stayed in a very good house, where I found the water a little bad. Several Travelers had written their names against the walls of this house, where I read among others these words, Monfr. Director Keits died here in the year MDCXC. the XXIX. May. This had happened during the trip of Mr. Van Leenen, Extraordinary Confeiller of the Indies, whom the Company sent at that time to Ifpahan, as Ambafladeur, to whom this Director was to be faithful. They had him buried in that place, without any ceremony, without placing a stone at his tomb. This village is large, contains a large number of gardens, filled with palm trees and other fruit trees.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 316 « SCHILLINGER (1700) | Schirafier LEBRUN (1705) | Aeszerafije » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ table p. 14 ※ SOURCE for Chereffi « A gauche encore, dans une vallée bien culti- vée, qui va à peu près de l'O. à l'E, paraissent les villages de Chereffi et de Rehissi. [On the left again, in a well-cultivated valley, which runs roughly from W. to E., appear the villages of Chereffi and Rehissi.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 447 ※ SOURCE for Scherafi « Dann immer SO ¼Farsach, wo ich den rechten Weg verlasse und mich in dieser neuen Ebene S + W nach Scherafi ½ Farsach vom Wege wende. Lag in einem ebenen, trocknen Grunde, hinter welchem 1 Meile oder mehr die Maul- esel Weide hatten. Hier wollte keine Palme wachsen. Die Bauern hatten Stein- und Dreckvierecke, niedrige Würfel zu Häusern wie Kammern. [Then always SE ¼ Farsach, where I leave the right path and turn away from the path in this new level S + W to Sherafi ½ Farsach. It lay in a level, dry ground, beyond which the mules had pasture for a mile or more. No palm tree wanted to grow here. The farmers had stone and dirt squares, low cubes to form houses like chambers.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 117 ※ SOURCE for Schirafir « Durch Satalck, Deku, Schirafir, und andere gemeine Flecken und Städtgen kamen wir gegen den 7. Octobris zu Lar an. [Through Satalck, Deku, Shirafir, and other small towns and villages, we arrived at Lar about the 7th of October.] » #1609 Schillinger, Franz Caspar, Persianische und Ost-Indianische Reis, Nu¨rnberg, 1707 ~ p. 265 « SCHILLINGER (1700) | SchirafierLEBRUN (1705) | Aeszerafije » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ table p. 14 ※ SOURCE for Sharafu « About 6½ miles out from Biriz track enters a level hard plain, and thence to Sharafu going is excellent, no stones and hard surface. About 1 miles short of Sharafu small watercourse a crosses the track; its water is said to be perennial from the hills. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 192 ※ SOURCE for Sharfu « Persian text omitted. When they passed three farsakhs from there, they reached the village of Sharfu, which is the house, on the sides of the high mountain road. The distance from each one to the road line is approximately one hundred steps. There is a river across the road. Its water is salty. » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 583 Shahr-e Gūr : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: Shahr-e Gūr , ※ SOURCE for Shahr-e Gūr « The most significant Sassanian archaeological site in the Firuzabad Plain is the city of Ardashir Ardashir Khwarrah (The Glory of Ardashir). Concerning the city’s foundation date, it seems that the archaeological remains provide compelling evidence – and confirmṬabari’s account – for the construction of the city before Ardashir’s decisive victory over Ardavan’s army in A.D. 224. » at online reference link [accessed 08 Dec 2023]? Shahr-e Jadid-e Sadra : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10030478 coordinate: lat 29.799725 long 52.502148 NIMA/GNS names: Sadra , Shahrak-e Sadra , Shahr-e Jadid-e Sadra , شهر جدید صدرا , شهرک صدرا , صدرا , VARIANT names: Shahr-e Jadid-e Sadra , Shahr-e Kord : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084174 coordinate: lat 32.326125 long 50.857196 NIMA/GNS names: Shahr Kord , Shahr Kurd , Shahr-e Kord , Shahrekord , شهر كرد , VARIANT names: Deh-i-Kurd , Dehkord , Shahr-e Kord , ※ SOURCE for Deh-i-Kurd « Deh-i-Kurd » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} ※ SOURCE for Dehkord « At last, tired of waiting, I determined to set out alone for Dehkord, a little town of Tchahar Mahal, which had been indicated to me as the most advantageous headquarters, being neutral ground, i.e., not the property of any individual Bakhtiari Khan. » #3561 Elizabeth N, Macbean Ross, A Lady Doctor In Bakhtiari Land, Leonard Parsons Ltd., London, 1921 ~ p. 19 Shahr-e Now : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRMQ UFI: 11864580 coordinate: lat 32.407397 long 54.879603 NIMA/GNS names: Shahr-e Now , شهر نو , VARIANT names: Shahr-e Now , Shahr-e Rey : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLA2 UFI: 12277562 coordinate: lat 35.593545 long 51.439966 NIMA/GNS names: Rey , Shahr-e Rey , ری , شهر ری , VARIANT names: Rai , Shahr-e Rey , ※ SOURCE for Rai « Thence I proceeded to Amul, where I lived for a month, thence to Demavend, and from Demavend to Rai (24). fn. 24 Rai, one of the greatest cities of medieval Iran. Its ruins lie five miles to the south- east of Teheran. » #623 Nikitin, Athanasy, Khozhenie za tri moria Afanasiia Nikitina, 1466-1472 gg. (Afansy Nikitin's Voyage beyond the Three Seas, 1466-1472), Moskva, 1960, ~ p. 109 Shahrestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084188 coordinate: lat 29.099493 long 53.631242 NIMA/GNS names: Shahrestan , Shahristan , Sharestan , شهرستان , VARIANT names: Shahistan , Shahrestan , ※ SOURCE for Shahistan « 4 KARAM .. 12 m. General direction W. N. By Route No. 44 to an old serai at 8¼ miles. Road to Shiraz branches off. Track continues good. Face of country undulating and uncultivated. Stream of water still on right side of the road. At 10 miles cross stream and taking N.-E. direction arrive at village of Karam, a medium sized village, surrounded by fruit gardens, and with some fine trees about it. The small village of Shahistan is situated about 1½ miles due west. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 134 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 30.433333 long 61.3 VARIANT names: Shahr-i Sokhte , ※ SOURCE for Shahr-i Sokhte « Shahr-i Sokhte, (Iran) 30° 26' N 61° 18' E » #429 Roaf, Michael, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1996, pp. 65, 79, 98, 232 Shahr-i-Majj : arch. site IRN UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 28.999318 long 53.875385 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Mass , Shahr-i-Majj , ※ SOURCE for Mass « The geographical position of the site, together with the name Majj, makes it appear highly probable that here must be located the town of Mass. Istakhri and Muqaddasi mention it immediately after Kurm, corresponding to the present Karam, a considerable village north of Fasa and some 18 miles to the west of Shahr-i-Majj, and before Tamistān, corresponding, as we have seen, to the present Gilian. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 161 ※ SOURCE for Shahr-i-Majj « From here our route led north and, passing the head of canals previously mentioned, entered a broad valley where ruined terraces and low bands marked what were once terraced fields of the deserted village of Shaidunak. The area was once irrigated by qanāts descending from the mouth of the Tang-i-Majj at the foot of the Tudēj range. From a low hill-chain crossed after some 9 miles' march a full view was obtained of this imposing range, covered with snow from about 7,000 ft. upwards. Below it there came into view the wide, gently sloping plain of the valley, the whole of which is known as Shahr-i- Majj, the "Town of Majj'. An extensive area of terraced fields carefully cleared of stones, but now overgrown with scrub, was crossed for about 1 miles before we arrived at the ruined site to which that designation properly applies. It is marked by ruined walls of structures and heaps of debris stretching along the foot of the hill-side for half a mile to the west of the Tang-i-Majj gorge, and for nearly twice that distance to the east of it. On the terraces nearer to the rocky foot of the hill-side the ruins are obviously those of closely packed dwellings, while on the terraces lower down to the south, the remains of walls probably belong to enclosures of gardens and scattered suburban houses. The great extent of these ruins left no doubt about the site having been that of a considerable settlement. The plentiful broken pottery, comprising blue and green glazed ware and ribbed pieces, pointed clearly to its having been occupied down to late medieval times. Among the fallen structures, all built with rough stones set in mortar, the ruin of a mosque of modest size near the entrance of the gorge could still be recognized. At the extreme western end of the site a domed tomb of poor construction stands in the midst of a cemetery. The geographical position of the site, together with the name Majj, makes it appear highly probable that here must be located the town of Mass. Istakhri and Muqaddasi mention it immediately after Kurm, corresponding to the present Karam, a considerable village north of Fasa and some 18 miles to the west of Shahr-i-Majj, and before Tamistān, corresponding, as we have seen, to the present Gilian.Shahr-i-Majj owed its selection as a town site and the extensive area of cultivation once adjoining it wholly to the lively little stream which descends to it from a deep-cut valley of the Tudēj range. The water which once irri- gated the area below the site, now a barren waste, has been diverted by a canal cut apparently a few generations ago into the valley basin of Shash-deh adjacent on the east. The care with which this supply of precious water was utilized while Shahr-i-Majj was still a town 'in being' is illustrated by three separate small canals, now badly broken, to be seen carefully aligned one above the other along the precipitous cliffs which rise at the mouth of Tang-i-Majj on the west. A similar threefold alignment of channels can be traced some 200 yards higher up the gorge. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ pp. 161-2 « Coins from Iran and Pakistan 152 coins/fragments acquired by Stein in Iran and Pakistan, from the following sites: Iran (Baluchistan): Tiz, Damba-koh, Qalat-i-Jamshid Iran (Bushire): Reshire Fort Iran (Fars): Asir, Chahar-taq (palace), Shahr-i-Majj, Qal’a-i- Darabgird, Qal’a-i-Parian, Tal-i-Haidar, Nakhsh-i-Rustam/ Shahpur » #2861 Edited by Helen Wang and John Perkins, Handbook to the Collections of Sir Aurel Stein in the UK, The British Museum Press, London, ~ p. 12 Shah-ruben r. : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.771248 long 49.826638 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shah-ruben r. , ※ SOURCE for Shah-ruben r. « We next entered a defile,por narrow valley, in the hills, which brought us, after an hour's ride, to another plain called Halegún.We forded the river of Halegún, otherwise called Shah-ruben, an insignificant stream at this season of the year, and turning to the east entered on the great plain of Mál-Amír, and reached the tents of the mountaineers. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 656 Shahvar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 9738 coordinate: lat 27.194491 long 57.050751 NIMA/GNS names: Shahbaz-e Qadim , Shahvar , Shahvar Palur , شهباز قدیم , شَهوار , شهوار پالور , VARIANT names: Shahvar , Shahzadeh Ebrahim : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 143984 coordinate: lat 28.481 long 55.0386 NIMA/GNS names: Shahzadeh Ebrahim , Ziaratgah-e Shahzadeh Ebrahim , شاهزاده ابراهیم , VARIANT names: Shahzadeh Ebrahim , Shaikh `Umar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084830 coordinate: lat 27.4455 long 53.4004 NIMA/GNS names: Shaikh `Umar , Sheykh `Amer , Sheykh `Omar , Sheykh Ameri , شیخ عامر , VARIANT names: Shaikh `Umar , Shaikhabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084816 coordinate: lat 29.8534 long 52.5609 NIMA/GNS names: Shaikhabad , Sheykh `Abbud , Sheykh `Abud , Sheykh `Abud-e Beyza' , Sheykh `Obbud , Sheykh Abud , شیخ عبود , شیخ عبود بیضاء , VARIANT names: Shaikhabad , ※ SOURCE for Shaikhabad « 1. SHAIKHABAD Two hours ride to Bájgáh, situated under the spurs of Kúh Bámú, on the Post real to Isfahan. Leaving Bajgáh, traverse about 1¼ miles of plain, and reach the range bounding the plain of Shaikhabad on the S. Cross this by a tolerable riding road that turns N.W.: descends the hills, and then turning W., leads along the foot of the chain to the village of Shaikhábad in the plain of Bízah (or Baizah), usually called Balúk-i-Bizah. Plenty of apricots and apples at Shaikhúbád. It has a hammam, and plenty of pure water supplied from the hillsby natural underground channels. A road leads straight from here to Kam (or Kum) Fírúz to left. » #3461 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Routes in Persia, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1887 ~ p. 479 Shairsah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786268 coordinate: lat 26.26184 long 56.394 NIMA/GNS names: Ash Shishah , Shisah , Shisha , Shishah , Shisuh , شيصة , VARIANT names: Cheijsa , Cheysa , Shairsah , Shishah , ※ SOURCE for Cheijsa From the voyage log (report) of the Dutch 'de Meerkadt' about the Musandam and Batinah coast to Muscat in 1666: « To the South at 1 mile off Cabo Mosandon one sees a mountain where some cabins have been built, but which are not inhabited now. In former times this has been a place which is called Cheijsa (21) by the Arabs. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 ~ ※ SOURCE for Cheysa « The report describes another small place on the Western side of the Musandam peninsula called ’Cobalje‘ [Ghubb Ali] and then describes Kamzar (50 fisherman’s houses), Cape Musandam and other small villages called ’Cheysa’ and ‘Cabil’. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 177 ※ SOURCE for Shairsah Survey, design, consultants of water supply schemes for Tayibat, Ghrumdah, Fudhra, Bukha, Al Jadi, Al Jirri, Qidah, Kumzar, Habalayn, Shabus, Shairsah, Limah, Bayah #171 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Musandam Water Supply Schemes, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1975 ~ « Inhabitants. The fixed population of Ruus-al-Jibal are entirely of the Shihüh tribe, with the exception of some Dhahuriyin who inhabit the villages of Shabūs and Shisah and most of the villages in Ghubbat Ghazirah and Khor-ash-Sham; from the topographical table below it will be seen that the number of the settled inhabitants of the coast, where alone such are found is about 13,750 souls. In the interior of the district the people are all Bedouins of the Shihüh tribe. The mode of life of both sections of the community is described in the article Shihüh. » #2790 'Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf. Vol. II. Geographical and Statistical. J G Lorimer. 1908' [?1605] (1724/2084), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C91/4, in Qatar Digital Library online reference link/81055/vdc_100023515719.0x00007d [accessed 4 April 2023], ※ SOURCE for Shishah « The resistance to penetration made by the reflectors suggest that they consist of coarse detritus. The sediments are at least 90 m thick in Khawr Habalayn and off Khasab (profiles VII and I, figure 1, respectively), and at least 60 m thick in Ghubbat ash Shabus and Dawhat Shishah (profiles VI and V). The reflectors were detected to depths of at least 30 m below the sea floor in all these localities and in some places down to 45 m. » #1200 Vita-Finzi, Claudio, Recent Coastal Deformation Near the Strait of Hormuz, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, London, 1982 (Aug.), Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences ~ p. 449 Shaitur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084938 coordinate: lat 31.541075 long 55.916391 NIMA/GNS names: Shaitur , Sheytur , شیطور , VARIANT names: Shaitur , Shakaroki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.781588 long 52.478299 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shakaroki , ※ SOURCE for Shakaroki « Leave bivouac, General direction E. by S. 1S., and cross the rivulet Hanut. The road continues through the grassy vale on of the platean. At half a mile the road ascends a pass, called Shakaroki," along the dry top rocky bed of a torrent. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 14 Shaker-e-Romashkan Castle : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.196231 long 47.415951 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Shaker-e-Romashkan Castle قلعه شکررومشکان VARIANT names: Shaker-e-Romashkan Castle , ※ SOURCE for Shaker-e-Romashkan Castle « But the ruined bridge now deserted by the river was not the only witness of change in the latter's course during historical times. About 1 miles above the bridge and within easy reach of our camp I was able to examine interesting remains of a ruined stronghold known as Qal'a-i-Shakar. It occupies the end of a narrow detached ridge which juts out from the gypsum plateau overlooking the thalweg on the north. A small plateau separated from the rest of the ridge by a saddle between two ravines measures about 140 yards from north to south and about half that distance across. It is girt all round by walls built with solid but much decayed concrete masonry. On three sides the walls are strengthened by rounded bastions. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 216 Shalal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3780554 coordinate: lat 32.293722 long 49.56508 NIMA/GNS names: Pa Ab-e Shelal , Shalal , پا آب شلال , VARIANT names: Shalal , Shalamzar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084359 coordinate: lat 32.046497 long 50.81639 NIMA/GNS names: Shalamzar , شلمزار , VARIANT names: Shalamzar , ※ SOURCE for Shalamzar « It was in one of these boasting a balakhaneh that I was quartered by the Kedkhoda or mayor of Dehkord, for whom I held a letter from the Bakhtiari Khan. There I first established myself and passed most of the time of my stay in Dehkord. But this was a mere pied-à-terre or jumping off place, for my duties led me to radiate from here north, south, east and west, visiting the families and retainers of the various Bakhtiari Khans in their homes. Ardal, Shalamzar, Djunaghan, Dizzak, and many others all lay within my district. » #3561 Elizabeth N, Macbean Ross, A Lady Doctor In Bakhtiari Land, Leonard Parsons Ltd., London, 1921 ~ p. 23 Shaldan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084363 coordinate: lat 28.5626 long 53.0079 NIMA/GNS names: Shaldan , Shaldun , Sholdan , شلدان , VARIANT names: Shaladun , Shaldan , Shaludan , ※ SOURCE for Shaladun « Shaladun …. Route 37. » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 167 ※ SOURCE for Shaludan « 16th March., Shaludan, 7 farsakhs ; 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. We started early next morning, and marched four miles among the tangled low hills to an ascent of 200 feet, which lifted us into a narrow plain...finally, we caught a welcome glimpse of a small fort, showing white against a green brae, and knew it for Shaludun, our haltingplace for the night. . » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 100 and 102 « Shaludun means "rice-holding," and there was in fact a good deal of rice in terrace fields along the stream. A good garden of lemons lay behind the fort ; it belongs to the landlord, an Arab Sayyid in the service of the heir apparent, then governing (or misgoverning) Azarbaijan. The » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 103 Shaldan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084362 coordinate: lat 27.7387 long 52.6474 NIMA/GNS names: Shaldan , Shandan , شلدان , شندان , VARIANT names: Shaldan , Shaldun (G10) : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 27.737297 long 52.648987 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shaldun (G10) , ※ SOURCE for Shaldun (G10) « The mounds of Shaldun (G10) and Tumb-i Pudu (G13) were probably defensive settlements, but they lack the size and building foundations of the similar mounds of the Jam valley. This un-Sirafi character of the Galehdar valley is surprising, given the ruins along its route, and the possibility of a major Sirafi settlement further down the valley, as suggested by Stein 1937: 217, 221. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 94 Shaldun (G10) online reference link [accessed 24 Nov 2024] Shaleel Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 31.737193 long 50.419032 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shaleel Caravanserai , Shalil , Shalil caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for Shaleel Caravanserai « Shaleel Caravanserai is located 140 kilometers southwest of Ardal, on the border of Khuzestan and Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, and was built near the Shaleel Bridge and the Pearl Bridge. This building has been used for various economic, social, and military purposes throughout history, and was used to provide security, provide food, provide a resting place for caravans, and guide them through insecure mountainous areas. Shaleel Caravanserai, which is considered one of the tourist attractions of Ardal, was renovated during the first Pahlavi period and was used as a nomadic police station at that time. » Shaleel Caravanserai online reference link [accessed 22 Jul 2025] Shaleel Caravanserai online reference link [accessed 22 Jul 2025] ※ SOURCE for Shalil « Nach leichtem Anstieg führt der Weg weiter über Kiyan auf die Ebene v Dehdez. In Dehdez ist die Ruine eines Karavanserails +1430 m ü.N.N. erhalten. Der nächste Punkt auf dem W nach Esfahan ist Shalil, das bereits in der Provinz Caharmal va Bakhtiari liegt. Eine Karawanenstation Pol-e Amarat hier am Flußübergang in +1300 m ü.N.N. nicht mehr erhalten. [After a slight climb, the trail continues via Kiyan to the Dehdez plain. In Dehdez, the ruins of a caravanserai have been preserved at 1,430 m above sea level. The next point on the west after Isfahan is Shalil, which already lies in the Chaharmal va Bakhtiari province. A caravan station, Pol-e Amarat, no longer exists here at the river crossing at 1,300 m above sea level.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 13 « SHALILشلیل31-44 50- 28 m. Elevation 5,500 feet. A caravanserai in the Bakhtiari country. It marks the 8th stage from Isfahan (138 miles) of the Bakhtiari caravan road, and stands on the left bank of a stream of the same name, at a point about 2 miles above its junction with the Ab-i-Bazuft at Pul-i-'Amarat. The caravanserai stands 400 feet above the Ab-i-Bazuft. It is built of rubble masonry and there are about 40 square yards of rooms, walls and stables, 15 feet high, roofed with heavy chinar beams. On the hillsides are limstone rocks which are burnt for lime at the caravanserai. The accommodation in the serai is very restricted, but there are several good camping-grounds between it and the bridge at Pul-i-'Amarat, the nearest being a narrow strip on the left bank of the stream from the serai to 400 yards and upwards. There is no source of supplies immediately at hand, the result being that this caravanserai is usually very badly provided. Supplies come from the Bazuft valley. The retail selling price per Shahi man of 13 lbs. in October and November, 1906, was: for barley 1.50 krans; bhusa, 50 krans; and bread 2.50 krans. The stream is about 20 feet wide and fordable opposite the serai. Temperature in and out of doors on 6th August, 84 to 100 degrees.The Shalil plateau is about 4¹½ miles east of the serai and has a large area of rice cultivation and many irrigation channels. (Burton, 1903; Arbuthnot, 1905; Lorimer, 1906.) » #3005 Ludwig W. Adamec, Historical gazetteer of Iran, Abadan and South Western Iran, Akademische Drucku, Verlagsanstalt, 1976-1989 ~ p. 663 « WE found our camp, finally, pitched within the broken walls of the ruined caravanserai of Shalil. The muleteers tried to persuade us into one of the rooms of the building, which they said was warm; warm it certainly was, but it was also thick with smoke. » #3530 Vita Sackville West, Twelve Days An Account of a Journey Across the Bakhtiari Mountains in South-Western Persia, Doubleday, Doran and Co.,, 1928 ~ p. 57 « Camping ground. A small irregular space impeded by boulders between the first bend of the Ab-i-Sarkhūn and the torrent bed. There is also a small space on the north and east of the serai. The serai is in ruins and the walls in parts are only 4 feet high. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 58 ※ SOURCE for Shalil caravanserai « photograph of Ruined Caravanserai at Shalil » #3530 Vita Sackville West, Twelve Days An Account of a Journey Across the Bakhtiari Mountains in South-Western Persia, Doubleday, Doran and Co.,, 1928 ~ after p. 54 Shalil-e Bala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084382 coordinate: lat 31.742097 long 50.456544 NIMA/GNS names: Shalil-e `Olya , Shalil-e Bala , شليل بالا , شليل عليا , VARIANT names: Shalil-e Bala , Shalil-e Pa'in : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084379 coordinate: lat 31.737268 long 50.452672 NIMA/GNS names: Shalil-e Pa'in , Shalil-e Sofla , شليل پائين , شليل سفلى , VARIANT names: Shalil-e Pa'in , Shalo : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.687713 long 52.589725 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shalo , ※ SOURCE for Shalo « Shalo (G4), located about three kilometres from Nowabad, is a large caravanserai with a cistern and other buildings, on a ridge before the final descent into the Galehdar valley. The caravanserai has several long vaulted rooms ranged around a central courtyard, which is about 20 m2, and a gateway on the northwest side. One semicircular buttress was found on the east corner. The preserved height is less than 1.5m. The cistern was of the usual rectangular shape with rounded corners, but this and at least five other buildings were very difficult to discern among the mounds of rubble. A conduit passed on the east bank of the wadi, often cut into the face of the mountain. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 87 Shalo (G4) : arch. site IRN Supplement: not yet located VARIANT names: Shalo (G4) , ※ SOURCE for Shalo (G4) « Shalo (G4), located about three kilometres from Nowabad, is a large caravanserai with a cistern and other buildings, on a ridge before the final descent into the Galehdar valley. The caravanserai has several long vaulted rooms ranged around a central courtyard, which is about 20 m², and a gateway on the northwest side. One semicircular buttress was found on the east corner. The preserved height is less than 1.5 m. The cistern was of the usual rectangular shape with rounded corners, but this and at least five other buildings were very difficult to discern among the mounds of rubble. A conduit passed on the east bank of the wadi, often cut into the face of the mountain. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 87 Shamil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084414 coordinate: lat 27.5005 long 56.8648 NIMA/GNS names: Shamil , شميل , شمیل , VARIANT names: Shamil , ※ SOURCE for Shamil « Shamil » in figure « Marco Polo's Route as fixed by Captain Sykes» in #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7 ~ p. 655 location in «Figure 1. South Persia and the Gulf » in » #1698 Faridany, E. K., Signal Defeat: the Portuguese Loss of Comorão in 1614 and its Political and Commercial Consequences at Portugal, The Persian Gulf and Safavid Persia Conference, 8-9 September 2007 The Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, Washington, 2007 ~ p. 2 « The Khans of Lar had in former days been paramount to the Kings of Hormuz, but during the period of Portuguese supremacy this position became reversed. Faria y Sousa says: ‘The Kings of Lara always aspired to raise themselves above those of Ormuz, as formerly they had been. He that now reigned resolving to possess himself of all Mogostan, and leading a powerful Army had taken several Towns and kept the Fort of Ormuz in a manner besieged, by hindring the resort of the neighbouring Country People who supply it with Provisions.’ So, assisted by a strong force of Portuguese, the King of Hormuz marched to the fort of Shamil, which was considered impregnable, ‘not so much by Art as by natural Situation’, and after a hard struggle the united forces gained possession of the fort and occupied it; and the investment of Hormuz came to an end. » #187 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., The Persian Gulf, an Historical Sketch from the Earliest Times to the Beginning of the Twentieth Century, George Allen and Unwin, London, 1928 ~ pp. 126-7 « Arrived at Shamil at 2-30 P.M. Distance 22 miles. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 25 Shamm : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 152066 coordinate: lat 26.21753 long 56.33982 NIMA/GNS names: Sham , Shamm , شم , VARIANT names: Shamm , Shamm 11 : arch. site OMN UTM: DD341998 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2162489384923 long 56.3403078740362 VARIANT names: Shamm 11 , ※ SOURCE for Shamm 11 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 36 Shamsabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084444 coordinate: lat 32.166422 long 50.853492 NIMA/GNS names: Shamsabad , Shamshabad , شمس آباد , VARIANT names: Shamsabad , Shamsabad fort : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 10069565 coordinate: lat 28.5977 long 53.5806 NIMA/GNS names: Shamsabad , شمس آباد , VARIANT names: Shamsabad fort , ※ SOURCE for Shamsabad fort « Shamsabad » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Shamszangi : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.623046 long 54.732045 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: google earth visible 1/2012, 2/2012, 1/2014, 10/2016, 4/2017, 3/2021, 6/2021, 5/2022, then covered by roadworks 1/2024 from google earth west and east ext. walls about 29m and 4-5° west of north. north and south ext. walls about 25m with interior courtyard about 16x12m.? The route mileage recorded by Butcher reflects the actual ge mileage from Lar to here. VARIANT names: Chamzenghi , Samsamgen , Samsomgien , Samſamge , Schemzenghi , Sham Zangee , Shams Sangi , Shamssangi , Shamszangi , Shamzengi , Siamse Sangy , Tchem sesengui , Tchem-Dissingui , Tschem-Sengui , Tscheniche Tschengi , ※ SOURCE for Chamzenghi « Je logeai dans un petit carvanseraappelé Chamzenghi; il est fort bas et bâti en croix avec quatre portespour donner du vent de tous côtés. [I stayed in a small carvansera called Chamzenghi; it is very low and built in a cross with four doors to provide wind on all sides.] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 322 ※ SOURCE for Samsamgen see source for Siamse Sangy ※ SOURCE for Samsomgien see source for Siamse Sangy ※ SOURCE for Samſamge « Den 22. dito vertrokken wy weder, namen onze reize na Samſamge, trokken voorby een Karrawanſera, Waffelee genaamd, hadden ook een redelyke weg door verſcheide rievieren en vericheidene vlaktens, met Salpeter, ... Alhier wierd onze Sergeant ziek. Men heeft hier 2 bequame Karrawanſera's en goed gemak; maar brak water. [On the 22nd we left again, took our journey to Samſamge, passed by a Karrawanſera called Waffelee, also had a reasonable route through several rivers and several plains, with Saltpetre, ... Here our Sergeant became ill. There are 2 comfortable Karrawanſeras here and good convenience; but brackish water.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 265 ※ SOURCE for Schemzenghi « keeping on our way over little Sandy Hills, we came at three a Clock to another, which is alfo covered, and called Schemzenghi, where we flopt, and this place is ʃeven Agaiʃch from Lar. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thevenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687, ~pt. 2 p. 132 «133 (km) S. Schemzenghi (Thévenot) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Sham Zangee « Thus far we came directly in a Line; now we wander to and again in the Meanders of the Barren Hills, with indefatigable Industry, till we descend into a large Plain, at the End whereof Sham Zangee (1) an Abassin, had built an old Caravan, Twenty Miles from Cormoot; where we met a Caphala of light Asses going for the Port; and here we were obliged to change more of our Camels, they being quite tired. fn. 1 Shamsangl. "I lodg'd at a little Inn call'd Shamzenghi. It is low, built like a Cross, with four doors to receive the cool winds every way” (Tavernier, 254). For the route, see Wilson, op. cit. 158. » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 pp 189-90 ※ SOURCE for Shams Sangi « The valley now bifurcates, one branch trending W. by S., the other W. by N., the road following the latter. At 2½ miles a ruined eistern is passed lying a mile S. of the road. At 4¾ miles is the ruined caravansarai and dry cisterns of Shams Sangi; water (in March 1907) nil; grazing good; fuel scanty; supplies nil. At 5 miles the road traverses a series of shallow ravines, some containing pools of salt water, and the ground is quite barren. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 169 « Shams Sangi Sarai (In ruins) » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} ※ SOURCE for Shamssangi « Shamssangi » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} ※ SOURCE for Shamszangi « The ground is now sandy, and at 2 miles has sunk into ravines, through which the road passes. These ravines, known by the rame of "Chahar- Birkeh," are generally bare of vegetation, and intersecting like a labyrinth, extend away on either hand; to south to the foot of the hills. At 4 miles we ascend from the ravines by a steep bank about 40 feet high. At 4 miles 7 furlongs the road passes a ruined caravanserai and cistern named "Shamszangi". About here there is good grass, and an abundance of kanar bush. The road then becomes very stony, and at short intervals crosses three small shallow water-courses. At 7 miles we descend, by a steep slope, a sudden fall of about 40 feet in the general level of the valley, which is now covered with a thin yellow grass dotted with furze and occasional kanse bush. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 27 ※ SOURCE for Shamzengi see source for Siamse Sangy ※ SOURCE for Siamse Sangy « Bahadany (1) ende mede Siamse Sangy (2), twee mijlen van den anderen gelegen, in welke laatste onse caffila den verleden middagh was aangecomen,fn. 2 Tjashmeh-zangi de bron van den Ethiopiër, bij verkorting uit- gesproken Shamzengi, zooals het dan ook voorkomt op de Simla kaart en bij Tavernier, Thévenot en Fryer, welke laatste de overlevering geeft, dat de karavanserai gebouwd werd door een,,Abassin" en vertelt: „The Hollanders have here a neat, but small dwelling, whither their Commodore comes sometimes." Dit was in 1877. Hij, Chardin en De Bruyn wijden uit over de doorgestane warmte en Tavernier, een reiziger van veel ondervinding, noemt den weg tusschen Hormuz en Jar le chemin le plus facheux de la Perse, parceque bien souvent il n'y a point d'eau." Onze landgenoot schrijft, zooals veeltijds, deu naam on- juist naar den gehoorden klank af: Samsomgien (hij is meer vertrouwd met het penseel dan met de pen) en Erasmus Petter, de lijfwacht die de reis van den gezant Johan van Leenen (1689) meemaakt en be- schrijft (Valentijn, Oud es Nieuw Oost-Indiën, V, 265), maakt er zich af met Samsamgen. [Bahadany (1) and the Siamse Sangy (2), located two miles from the other, in which latter our caffila had arrived last afternoon, fn. 2 Tjashmeh-zangi the source of the Ethiopian, abbreviated as Shamzengi, as it also appears on the Simla map and at Tavernier, Thévenot and Fryer, the latter of which gives the tradition that the caravanserai was built by an "Abassin" " and says: "The Dutch have here a neat, but small dwelling, whither their Commodore comes sometimes." This was in 1877. He, Chardin and De Bruyn elaborate on the heat endured and Tavernier, a traveler of much experience, mentions the road between Hormuz and Jar le chemin le plus facheux de la Perse, parceque bien souvent il n'y a point d'eau." Our compatriot, as he often does, writes the name incorrectly according to the sound heard: Samsomgien (he is more familiar with the brush than with the pen) and Erasmus Petter, the bodyguard who accompanied the envoy's journey. Johan van Leenen (1689) experiences and describes (Valentijn, Oud es Nieuw Oost-Indiën, V, 265), concludes with Samsamgen.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 44 ※ SOURCE for Tchem sesengui « se termina à un fort néchant gite, nommé Tchem sesengui (*), où il n'y a que deux petits caravanserais, avec des citernes à l'entour, sans aucune habitation. Il y vient dès le point du jour des paysans du voisinage voir s'il y a du monde, et ce qu'il leur faut. Ces caravanserais ne sont pas faits comme les autres que j'ai décrits; ils sont bas, petits, carrés au dehors, avec deux petites chambres à chaque coin. Le dedans, fait en forme de croix grecque, est tout ouvert, de sorte que si l'on veut être enformé, il faut tendre une tente, ou un tapis, non-seulement au dedans, mais aussi au dehors, à l'entrée qui est entre les petites chambres. Ces petits édifices sont couverts d'un dôme, et ont au dehors un corridor ou rebord de pierre, où l'on se tient au frais, quand le so- leil n'y donne pas. fn. (*) Lises tchechméhi Zenguy (fontaine de l'Ethiopien). Fryer écrit Sham Zangee, et dit, en effet, que c'était le nom d'an Abyssin qui fit construire ce karavansérây situé à 20 milles anglais de Khormouts, et à 40 milles de Lår. [ended at a very poor lodge, called Tchem sesengui (*), where there are only two small caravanserais, with cisterns all around, without any dwelling. Farmers from the neighborhood come there at daybreak to see if there are people there, and what they need. These caravanserais are not made like the others that I have described; they are low, small, square on the outside, with two small rooms at each corner. The interior, made in the shape of a Greek cross, is completely open, so that if one wishes to be sheltered, one must spread a tent, or a carpet, not only inside, but also outside, at the entrance. which is between the small rooms. These small buildings are covered with a dome, and have outside a corridor or stone ledge, where you can stay cool when the sun is not shining. fn. (*) Lises tchechméhi Zenguy (Ethiopian fountain). Fryer writes Sham Zangee, and says, in fact, that it was the name of an Abyssinian who had this karavanséray built, located 20 English miles from Khormouts, and 40 miles from Lår. ] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p487 ※ SOURCE for Tchem-Dissingui « La plaine devient de plus en plus horrible, elle est toute couverte de sel; trois farsangs plus loin, le caravansérail isolé de Tchem-Dissingui. Sur la route, on trouve quantité de ruines, de citernes et de caravansérails. [The plain becomes more and more horrible, it is all covered with salt; three farsangs further, the isolated caravanserai of Tchem-Dissingui. On the road, there are plenty of ruins, cisterns and caravanserais.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 531 ※ SOURCE for Tschem-Sengui «133 (km) Tschem-Sengui (Chardin) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Tscheniche Tschengi « Dann ½ Farsach zur Karawanserei Tschenitsche Tschengi, von Feldsteinen erbaut, zu 4 Seiten offen... Diese Art Karawansereien gibt es in den Chermesiren (Garmẞir, d. i. das warme Land), um bei der Hitze den Wind desto besser von allen Seiten aufzufangen [Then ½ Farsach to the Tscheniche Tschengi caravanserai, built of field stones, open on 4 sides... This type of caravanserai is found in the Chermesir (Garmẞir, i.e. the warm country) in order to better absorb the wind from all sides in the heat] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 121. [There seems to be a mistake in the above.Kaempfer usually starts his daily diary with his destination, then proceeds to describe his route. From Basti Parija C. he begins Wasili 5 Farsach. Then 2 Farsach to the Bahadeni caravanserai. Kaempfer is accurate with distances. 5 Farsachs equivalent to 28.8 km is the actual distance to Bahadeni and it can be assumed Wasili is somewhere between the Basti Parija C. and Bahadeni. Interchanging the 5 and 2 makes sense and places Wasili at the Haji 'Ali C. Shanbeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084498 coordinate: lat 28.395647 long 51.76366 NIMA/GNS names: Chambeh , Shamba , Shambeh , Shanbeh , Shonbeh , Shumbeb , Shumbeh , چمبه , شمب , شمبه , شنبه , VARIANT names: Shambah , Shanbeh , Shumbeh , ※ SOURCE for Shambah « Bashkanāt.(3)-A district that lies entirely in the hot region, where there are plantations of date-palms. fn. 3 The text of Istakhri (p. 105) in error gives this name as Tushkānāt. The town of Búshgün is the present capital of the Buluk District, in old times doubtless called the Bushkanat; and Shanana of our text is the modern Sana in the Dashti District, lying 4 leagues to the north-west of Shambah (FNN. 212-13). See also below in the Itinerary. » #3077 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum Asiatic Society Monographs XIV, Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1912 ~ p. 45 ※ SOURCE for Shanbeh « Shanbeh » in {map#1172 Index Map to routes in Persia vol. IV part II., , 1922, [?308r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, f 308, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Shumbeh « SHUMB?? 11 m. General direction E-. S.-E. The road passes E. by N. along a grassy tract about a mile to N. of the river Mund. At 2 miles 7 furlongs the hamlet of Chah-i-Gah, consisting of the ruins of a fort, and about 30 mat huts. this the ground becomes very stony, and slopes gently upwards. ... Shumbeh consists of about 200 mat huts and a large stone and mortar building, the residence of the Khan. On the low range of hills, about a mile to E. of the village, are rivulets of good water. Between this low range and the village a broad shallow water-course, called "Daria-i-Marsain," bed, now dry, about 120 to 150 yards broad, flows to S. by W. into the river Münd. Between this watercourse and the hills to E. lie large plantations of date trees. Inhabitants about 500, including 100 men fit for service Route No. 68 diverges here to Pas Rūdak (Wilson, 1911). There are two possible routes to Bāghān, hence, one via Kan tareh, the other via Khum Flarak. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ pp. 177-8 Shapour Khaast Castle : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.483656 long 48.353372 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shapour Khaast Castle , Sharb-e Magh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084568 coordinate: lat 28.0448 long 57.2023 NIMA/GNS names: Shah Darreh , Shah Dowrmeh , Shah Durmah , Sharb Mah , Sharb-e Magh , Sharb-e Mah , Shareb Ma' , Shareb Mah , Sharima , شارب ماء , شاریما , VARIANT names: Sharb-e Magh , Sharbitat SBT1 : arch. site OMN UTM: DE239826 converted to coordinate: lat 17.930109 long 56.281442 VARIANT names: Sharbitat SBT1 , ※ SOURCE for Sharbitat SBT1 « Shell midden, Village » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ Table 1 Archaeological sites so far discovered along the Oman coastline p. 289 « Several cairns surround the road which slopes down to the modern village of Shawqirah. An almost identical situation was observed along the road down to Sharbitat (SBT2). At Sharbitat, the village inhabited until 15/20 years ago, was built on the eastern terrace of the wadi. It is composed of squared houses with floors made of beach gravel and shells. Around the houses are located small shell-middens, fireplaces and C shaped stone walls. Scatters of flint tools come from these structures as well as from a slightly lowerlying terrace which was probably settled only in prehistoric times. » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 286 Sharbitat SBT2 : arch. site OMN UTM: DE215835 converted to coordinate: lat 17.938158 long 56.258748 VARIANT names: Sharbitat SBT2 , ※ SOURCE for Sharbitat SBT2 « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ Table 1 Archaeological sites so far discovered along the Oman coastline p. 289 « Several cairns surround the road which slopes down to the modern village of Shawqirah. An almost identical situation was observed along the road down to Sharbitat (SBT2). At Sharbitat, the village inhabited until 15/20 years ago, was built on the eastern terrace of the wadi. It is composed of squared houses with floors made of beach gravel and shells. Around the houses are located small shell-middens, fireplaces and C shaped stone walls. Scatters of flint tools come from these structures as well as from a slightly lowerlying terrace which was probably settled only in prehistoric times. » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 286 Shardeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 152107 coordinate: lat 28.2797 long 52.8637 NIMA/GNS names: Shardeh , شارده , VARIANT names: Shardeh , Sharifabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084610 coordinate: lat 36.0272 long 59.5064 NIMA/GNS names: Sharifabad , شریف آباد , VARIANT names: Sharifabad , ※ SOURCE for Sharifabad « Sharifabad is the first postal station out of Mash-had on the Tehran road, so that our march thence into the former city was a retrograde movement. However, under any circumstances, it would not have been etiquette to have arrived so near the Prince-Governor’s headquarters and turned away without visiting His Royal Highness. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 82 Sharjah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788836 coordinate: lat 24.102504 long 56.416643 NIMA/GNS names: Ash Sharjah , Sharjah , الشرجة , VARIANT names: Sharga , Sharjah , ※ SOURCE for Sharga « Bireïmah may be approached from Schinas by two of these , Wádí Khór and Wádí Uttar. From Fidgira another road leads across the ridge to Shárga , which is two and a half days distant . » #19 Wellsted, James Raymond, Travels in Arabia, John Murray, London, 1838 ~ vol. 1 p. 237 Sharkh : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788837 coordinate: lat 21.23467 long 59.01712 NIMA/GNS names: Sharkh , Sherkh , Shirkho , VARIANT names: Sharkh , Sharm : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -784272 coordinate: lat 25.470778 long 56.353193 NIMA/GNS names: Sharam , Sharm , VARIANT names: Churrum , Sharm , ※ SOURCE for Churrum « Churrum » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. Wellsted Royal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} « Churrum » in {map#982 Chart of the Entrance to the Persian Gulf, Fergusson, from the surveys of Brucks, Haines and Grieve, 1857, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3635/33, in Qatar Digital Library} Shatt al Arab Saghir : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3102944 coordinate: lat 30.4722222 long 47.9819444 NIMA/GNS names: Shatt al `Arab as Saghir , Shatt al Arab Saghir , VARIANT names: Shatt al Arab Saghir , ※ SOURCE for Shatt al Arab Saghir « While Baron Kniphausen responded that he had no intention of returning to Basra, he not only insisted upon a refund of the money taken from him by the Turks but also an additional sum to cover the expenses of the Dutch fleet.(490) To give force to his demand, he dispatched two of his large ships to block the Shatt-al-ᶜArab. He also captured many Trankies and two very richly laden Basra vessels that happened to stop at Kharag on their way to Bas ra from India. (491) fn. 490 F.R. Letters, etc., Vol. 16. Letter from Basra, April 1, 1754 fn. 491 F.R. Letters, etc., Vol. 16. Letter from Basra, July 26, 1754. » #2977 Abdul Amir Amin, British Interests in the Persian Gulf 1747-1778 - thesis, University of Maryland, 1962 ~ p. 242 Shatt as Suwayb : stream grp 29 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3111279 coordinate: lat 30.975106 long 47.477353 NIMA/GNS names: Shatt as Suwayb , شط السويب , VARIANT names: Shatt as Suwayb , Shatt or Rahvar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: 10846202 coordinate: lat 33.013598 long 57.999221 NIMA/GNS names: Shatt or Rahvar , شط الرهوار , VARIANT names: Shatt or Rahvar , Shaur : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 31.972475 long 48.412478 VARIANT names: Abe Shaur , Shapúr , Shaur , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Shaur FOR Eulaeus [Potts], ※ SOURCE for Abe Shaur « We suggest that the ancient southern branch of the Karkheh was called Choaspes, while the old northern branch of the river was known as Eulaios (+ cognates). Upstream, at the latitude of Susa, there was only one major river (Fig. 67, course 2), which passed the city on the west, and this river was the ancient Karkheh. (127) It was called here both Eulaios (+ cognates) and Choaspes. (128) fn. 127 The Abe Shaur, which also flowed past Susa, was a minor watercourse, probably artificial in origin; see Gasche and Cole 2003, 80-81. While the name Shaur is often associated with the name of the Sasanian king Shapur (who is supposed to have created major works in the area), there is also evidence that Darius I may have dug the canal in order to create a moat around the newly built palatial complex covering the Apadana, the Ville Royale, and probably the Acropolis (see the area in pink in Fig. 68; more on this point in a separate publication). This minor watercourse is not a serious candidate to be either the Eulaios or the Choaspes, contra Long (1842, 105) and Layard (1846, 92), who suggested that the Sha(p)ur was the Eulaios and the Karkheh was the Choaspes. fn. 128 The equation Eulaios = Choaspes for the river at Susa was first suggested by Dubeux (1841, 9), followed by Kirkby (1977). The matter was recently summarized by Potts (1999). » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ p. 25 « Fig. 68. The Karkheh and its proposed northem (Ula/Ulaya/Eulaios/Eulaeus) and southem (Choaspes) branches south of Susa. We show only the known sites located along these proposed branches. In addition, we show the oldest sites located along the upper modern Shaur and the oldest sites located in the lower basin of the ancient Dez. The inset at the upper right illustrates the threat posed to the ruins of the ancient metropolis of Susa by uncontrolled urbanization. » #2979 ed. Hennann Gasche, The Persian Gulf shorelines and the Karkheh, Karun and Jarrahi Rivers: A Geo-Archaeological Approach. A Joint Belgo-Iranian Project. First Progress Report – Part 3, Akkadica, Brussels, 2007 vol. 128:pp. 1-72 ~ p. 17 ※ SOURCE for Shapúr « fn. 97. Le Rider 1965, 264-65. Cf. Bosworth 1987, 544. Rawlinson 1839, 90, speaking of Nearchus' voyage to Susa: "he brought the fleet above Ahwáz (which, before the construction of the band, I conceive to have been perfectly practicable) to the mouth of the Shapúr river, and from hence he navigated that stream to Susa." » #2980 Daniel T. Potts, Elamite Ulā, Akkadian Ulaya, and Greek Choaspes: A Solution to the Eulaios Problem, Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 1999 vol. 13:pp. 27-44 ~ p. 39 ※ SOURCE for Shaur « As we have seen, the key to Long's solution to the problem of Susiana's hydronomy lay in the Sha(p)ur or Ab-i Shawr/Shaur. Rawlinson gave the name of the river as "Shápúr... or Sháwur, as it is generally called."(69) The derivation of the name Shawr/Shaur from that of Shapur has been noted by other writers as well.(70) Our understanding of the significance of the Sha(p)ur changed dramatically in 1968-1969, when the geographer M. J. Kirkby conducted an important but largely overlooked study of the main watercourses of Khuzistan, both present and past, analysing their meander patterns. fn. 69. Rawlinson 1839, 69. fn. 70. E.g., Curzon 1892, 309; Sykes 1915, 48; Bar- thold 1984, 185, n. 30. » #2980 Daniel T. Potts, Elamite Ulā, Akkadian Ulaya, and Greek Choaspes: A Solution to the Eulaios Problem, Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 1999 vol. 13:pp. 27-44 ~ p. 33 Shaur (3) : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 32.24596 long 48.183686 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shaur (3) , ※ SOURCE for Shaur (3) approximate position of site (3) in {map#1107 Fig. 107. Upper Khuzistan: sites for which air photograph measurements of present and former meander characteristics have been analyzed., , , #2982 Michael J. Kirkby, Appendix I. Land and water resources of the Deh Luran and Khuzistan plains, in: Frank Hole with M. J. Kirkby and Colin Renfrew, Studies in the Archeological History of the Deh Luran Plain: The Excavation of Chagha Sefid, Museum of Anthropology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1977, ~ p. 275} « The final site which is relevant to a discussion of former river courses is that along the Shaur at site (5), with an indication of 1100 cumecs, a value which is quite out of proportion with the present size of the Shaur. Since this river rises on the flood plain of the Karkheh, it can only be assumed that it represents a previous course of the Karkheh. The meander patterns indicate that this course did not follow the present (partly artificial) course, but a more northerly one flowing into the Diz. It is clear that this course must be older than that at site {12), which must be older than that at site (8) which must, in its turn, be older than the present lower course. » #2982 Michael J. Kirkby, Appendix I. Land and water resources of the Deh Luran and Khuzistan plains, in: Frank Hole with M. J. Kirkby and Colin Renfrew, Studies in the Archeological History of the Deh Luran Plain: The Excavation of Chagha Sefid, Museum of Anthropology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1977, ~ p. 276 Shaur (5) : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 31.972475 long 48.412478 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shaur (5) , ※ SOURCE for Shaur (5) approximate position of site (5) in {map#1107 Fig. 107. Upper Khuzistan: sites for which air photograph measurements of present and former meander characteristics have been analyzed., , , #2982 Michael J. Kirkby, Appendix I. Land and water resources of the Deh Luran and Khuzistan plains, in: Frank Hole with M. J. Kirkby and Colin Renfrew, Studies in the Archeological History of the Deh Luran Plain: The Excavation of Chagha Sefid, Museum of Anthropology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1977, ~ p. 275} « The final site which is relevant to a discussion of former river courses is that along the Shaur at site (5), with an indication of 1100 cumecs, a value which is quite out of proportion with the present size of the Shaur. Since this river rises on the flood plain of the Karkheh, it can only be assumed that it represents a previous course of the Karkheh. The meander patterns indicate that this course did not follow the present (partly artificial) course, but a more northerly one flowing into the Diz. It is clear that this course must be older than that at site {12), which must be older than that at site (8) which must, in its turn, be older than the present lower course. » #2982 Michael J. Kirkby, Appendix I. Land and water resources of the Deh Luran and Khuzistan plains, in: Frank Hole with M. J. Kirkby and Colin Renfrew, Studies in the Archeological History of the Deh Luran Plain: The Excavation of Chagha Sefid, Museum of Anthropology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1977, ~ p. 276 Shaur (6) : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 31.865184 long 48.643566 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shaur (6) , ※ SOURCE for Shaur (6) approximate position of site (6) in {map#1107 Fig. 107. Upper Khuzistan: sites for which air photograph measurements of present and former meander characteristics have been analyzed., , , #2982 Michael J. Kirkby, Appendix I. Land and water resources of the Deh Luran and Khuzistan plains, in: Frank Hole with M. J. Kirkby and Colin Renfrew, Studies in the Archeological History of the Deh Luran Plain: The Excavation of Chagha Sefid, Museum of Anthropology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1977, ~ p. 275} « The final site which is relevant to a discussion of former river courses is that along the Shaur at site (5), with an indication of 1100 cumecs, a value which is quite out of proportion with the present size of the Shaur. Since this river rises on the flood plain of the Karkheh, it can only be assumed that it represents a previous course of the Karkheh. The meander patterns indicate that this course did not follow the present (partly artificial) course, but a more northerly one flowing into the Diz. It is clear that this course must be older than that at site {12), which must be older than that at site (8) which must, in its turn, be older than the present lower course. » #2982 Michael J. Kirkby, Appendix I. Land and water resources of the Deh Luran and Khuzistan plains, in: Frank Hole with M. J. Kirkby and Colin Renfrew, Studies in the Archeological History of the Deh Luran Plain: The Excavation of Chagha Sefid, Museum of Anthropology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1977, ~ p. 276 Shaur Rud : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3084275 coordinate: lat 31.432732 long 48.65908 NIMA/GNS names: Lashgarabad , Nahr Shawar , Nahr-e Shavur , Rud-e Shahpur , Rud-e Shahvar , Rud-e Shavar , Rudkhaneh-ye Shavur , Rudkhaneh-ye Shavvar , Shahpur , Shaur Rud , رودخانه شاوور , لشگر آباد , نهر شاوور , VARIANT names: Shaur Rud , ※ SOURCE for Shaur Rud [Modern coordinates of « Shaur Rud » from NIMA/GNS database. These coordinates usually signify downstream end of stream/river. PBR] Shawqirah : arch. site OMN UTM: DF508076 converted to coordinate: lat 18.1568392036764 long 56.5348379102266 VARIANT names: Shawqirah , ※ SOURCE for Shawqirah « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN independent coordinate: lat 26.254961 long 56.215041 VARIANT names: Een witte pagood , Shaykh Masud monument , White Mosque , white pagoda , ※ SOURCE for Een witte pagood « Een witte pagood » in {map#392 Kaart van een gedeelte Persische Golf van Mascate tot Bassora, Anoniem / Anonymous, 17th C, Nationaal Archief, no. VEL0220} see AHduGP map 45 « Witte Pagode » in {map#835 Afteekening van de PERSISCHE GOLF, Johannes van Keulen, 1753, Nationaalarchief, The Hague 4 VEL S6B 033 Kaart 13} see AHduGP map 55. « Een witte pagood » in {map#961 Kaart van de Perzische golf, Anoniem / Anonymous, 1645, Universiteitsbibliotheek Leiden no. COLLBN 006-14-006} see AHduGP map 44 « J wit pagodjie » in {map#391 Map of part of the Persian Gulf from Mascate to Pt. Doggeby, , 17th C, Algemeen Rijksarchief, The Hague, 4. VEL 222} « Witte Pagode » {map#966 Nieuwe kaart van 't Ryk van Persie, Isaak Tirion, 1750, Barry Lawrence Ruderman stock# 83617} see AHduGP map 53 « Witte Pagood » {map#963 221 Kaart van een gedeelte van den Persische Golf, van Mascate tot Bassora en van den Euphraat tot Rio Tanqueloca, Anoniem / Anonymous, 17th c, Nationaal Archief, 4.VELH nr 221} see AHduGP map 46} see AHduGP map 46 ※ SOURCE for Shaykh Masud monument Monument - shrine / tomb. « Mas'ud (Ras Shaikh) مسعود [name] On the west coast, 11 miles north by east of Fine Peak. [position] A prominent cape pointing north and covering the entrance of Khor-ash-Sham from the west. [nature] The land slopes up gently from this point towards Fine Peak. In a little bight at the northern end of the cape is the tomb of the Shaikh from which it takes its name. The Shihuh say that the Shaikh was a Saiyid from the Persian coast who was killed in battle with the Turks (sic) about 200 years ago. They take no interest in the tomb and do not even repair it. [remarks]. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1610 Photograph. Close-up of Shaykh Masud shrine on the northern coast of Musandam #216 Costa, Paolo M., Musandam : architecture and material culture of a little known region of Oman, Immel Publishing, London, 1991 ~ p. 235 « From there to the East, there was a landmark on the coast which is mentioned on practically all European nautical charts until well into the nineteenth century: a white tower, which was sighted by shipping turning from Bandar Abbas towards the Hormuz Strait. Sources are contradictory about the exact place of this landmark. Some (and especially all the more accurate nineteenth century nautical charts) place it near the actual Sha'am. The Bombay Selections mention a white patch in the mountains above Sha'am, just like a tower, but near the village of Sha'am there also is a mysterious hill on the beach, said to be a place of pre-islamic worship, on which there formerly was a building.(149) On the other hand some seventeenth century documents seem to indicate the monument on Ras Shaikh Mas'ud more to the North near Khasab. The Meerkat diary mentions a 'white pagoda' on Ras Shaikh Mas'ud. It cannot be determined today which of the two was the tower.(150) fn. 149 Dutch charts of the seventeenth century, like ARA, VEL 220, first show the 'pagoda' at the position of Sha'am, like all later charts do up to the first half of the nineteenth century. Bombay Selections, p. 540. fn. 150 The landmark on Ras Shaikh Mas'ud seems to be the monument described in Lorimer, Gazetteer, Geographical part, vol IIc, p. 210, cf. Meerkat diary in ARA, VOC vol. 1259, fol. 3367, Floor, 'First contacts', pp. 298-299 (Floor assumes that the Sha'am landmark is meant in the Meerkat diary, but the diary very explicitly places it near Khasab). A Portuguese document literally mentions the pagoda of Khasab: Cordeiro, Dois Capitdes, p. 92. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 44 « Sahirá Vossa Mercê de Camaltar com toda a pressa, na volta de Julfar e como fôr n'aquelle porto, animando-o, ordenará a um navio se venha pôr, emquanto se detem, que seja pouco, no pagode de Cassapo, de vigia aonde se virá a juntar com elle e assim andará, sem forçar as fustas pelo estado em ficam de aprestos, d'aquella ponta até Moçamdan, assistindo, sem apartar embarcações na ilha das Gasillas d'onde vigie a costa, chegando quando haja logar até ao dito Julfar, deixando sempre um navio, quando o faça, na ilha das Gasillas où pagode, e se tiver novas de inimigos ponha-se em paragem d'onde melhor possa ver seu intento. » [Your Grace will leave Camaltar in all haste, on the way back from Julfar and as it happens in that port, encouraging him, he will order a ship to come and put, while they are staying, let it be little, at the pagoda of Cassapo, on watch where he will come to join him and so he will walk, without forcing the fustas by the state in readiness, from that point to Moçamdan, watching, without separating boats in the island of Gasillas from where he watches the coast, arriving when there is time to the said Julfar, always leaving a ship, when you do, on the island of Gasillas or Pagoda, and if you have news of enemies, put yourself at a stop where you can better see their intention.] #1869 Luciano Cordeiro , Diogo do Couto, Dois capitães da India, Escriptorio, 147 rua dos Retrozeiros, Lisboa, 1898 ~ p. 92 « A white pagoda » in {map#967 Chart of the Persian Gulf, Thomas Bowrey, 1685, British Library, (Add.5222.15.) Cartographic Items Additional MS. 5222.15.} see AHduGP map 86 ※ SOURCE for White Mosque « White Mosque » in {map#53 Persia, Cary, John, 1801, David Rumsey Map Collection List No: 1657.044} « White Mosque » in {map#51 Persia, Thomson, John, 1817, David Rumsey Map Collection List No: 1007.048} « Mosque blanche » in {map#48 Asie 1, Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon, 1751, David Rumsey Map Collection List No: 2603.005} ※ SOURCE for white pagoda « The Meerkat was able to get near the coast without danger. It started its voyage in 1666 at the ’white pagoda‘ at Ras Shaikh Mas‘ud in the Musandam-peninsula and went to the East along the coast. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p.177 « April 28, Wednesday. In the morning it was dead calm and (disigh) weather. With a Southern sun we saw the Cape S. half easterly at about 3½ miles and a small white pagoda (6), which is situated at the Western edge of the bay at 2 ½miles to the east, 2 miles away from us. In the evening at half past four we had to come to anchor at 22 fathoms on coarse sand ground mixed with shells and rocks, because the wind died down and the current coming directly from the shore side ran counter to us. We had Cassab S. to the east and the Western corner of the bay W. to the south of us. fn. 6 May be the tomb of Shaikh Zohair, a Muslim saint, is meant here. It is built of stone and Madripore coral and has the appearance of Persian work. It stands between al-Sha'am and Khaṣab. See S. B. MILES: The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf. 2nd. ed. London 1966, p. 445; see also note 7. fn. 7 The copyist has dropped a word here, viz. Doggebay. I have been unable to explain this name, but clearly the authors of the journal refer to Ras Shaikh Mas'ud. In a little bight at the northern end of the cape is the tomb of the Shaikh from which it takes its name. » #131 Floor, Willem, First contacts between the Netherlands and Masqat or a report on the discovery of the coast of Oman in 1666, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft, 1982 132:289-307 ~ pp. 298-299 Sheikh Abdullah : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.182741 long 52.319248 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sheikh Abdullah , ※ SOURCE for Sheikh Abdullah « Sheikh Abdullah (D4), on the northwestern side of the valley on the west bank of the Karakuch River,is a low mound, 50 m across, directly in front of the village of Gori. A much-decayed fort sits on top of the mound. The ceramics suggest a superposition of a middle Islamic occupation over Sasanian (Fig. 75: k-v). » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 92 Sheikh Abdullah (D4) : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 28.182849 long 52.318721 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sheikh Abdullah (D4) , ※ SOURCE for Sheikh Abdullah (D4) « Sheikh Abdullah (D4), on the northwestern side of the valley on the west bank of the Karakuch River, is a low mound, 50 m across, directly in front of the village of Gori. A much-decayed fort sits on top of the mound. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 92 Sheikh Ali Khan Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.868299 long 51.370338 Supplement: Sheikh Ali Khan Caravanserai کاروانسرای شیخ علی خان VARIANT names: Caramossora , Challisea , Karavanserail Caleh Siyah-ye Now (Chaleh Siyah/Tchah-e Siah) , Sheikh Ali Khan Caravanserai , Tchah-e-Siyah now , ※ SOURCE for Caramossora « As all the company was assembled, the Caravan-Baxi , (3) or the Captain of this land fleet, had the signal for starting given and we left. We travelled five farsanguas the first day (each farsangua, (4) I think, was equal to a league and a half of Spanish measure) and encamped at the first Saray, (5) or, as the Industani idiom is, Caramossora. fn. 3 Leader of the Caravan. See Chap. LXXIII , n. 11. fn. 4 This is the Persian word farsang, from the earlier form parasang. It was supposed to be derived from the "milestones" (sang), used to mark distances along main routes. Generally taken as equal to 8,000 cubits, it was in fact a very elastic measure, being in some cases a sight test, e. g. the distance at which a man could dis-tinguish a white from a black camel, and in others a sound test, or the distance at which a drum could be heard. The old Babylonian farasang was equal to 3.523 miles; the modern farasang is equal to about 3.9 miles. But it seems more often to have been a time measure, the time taken in covering a given distance. Man-rique puts it at one and a half Spanish leagues, or about six miles. In the Babur Nama the yighach, a similar unit, is said to average eight miles at one place, while elsewhere forty-eight miles equal nine yighach, giving an average of 5-3 miles. Manrique therefore is probably fairly correct in his estimate. See Stack, Six Months, p. 72; Curzon, Persia, i. 33 n.; Layard. Nineveh and Babylon, p. 59; Babur Nāma, p. 4, n. 5; p. 83, n. 2. fn.5 Saray (sarãi) is a Tartar word, and originally meant "a palace". The Levantine Franks converted this into Serraglio and Serrail, as applied to the Sultan's palace. It has, however, long been used in Persia and India to signify a rest-house for travellers. See Hobson-Jobson, s. v. Serai. » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ vol. 2 pp. 364-5 ※ SOURCE for Challisea « December 15. We rose from Mahmoot-Alli-Beig's Caravan-sarai and lay at Challisea, where y present Veseir, Sheck-Alli-Chan, is building a new large Caravansarai. » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 213 ※ SOURCE for Karavanserail Caleh Siyah-ye Now (Chaleh Siyah/Tchah-e Siah) « Karavanserail Caleh Siyah-ye Now (Chaleh Siyah/Tchah-e Siah) (Taf. 8,1-8,4) (Abb. 12; 66) (54)Lage: 16 km südöstlich von Qal'eh Robat Sangi und 6 km nordwestlich von Robat Caleh Siah-ye Qadim und Kara-vanserail Cahar Bordj, in +1690 m ü.N.N., an der Route Esfahan - Golpayegan.Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit vier Iwanen, vier Stallabteilungen, zwei Wohnhöfen, Kuppel über dem vorgezogenen Eingangsbau. Außen abgerundete Ecken, keine Türme.Abmessungen: 86 x 80 m Außenmaße (ohne Portalvorbau), 49,90 x 40,70 m Hofabmessungen, Höhe der Kuppel 10,20 m, Höhe des Portalbaus 10,20 m (Abb. 67).Baumaterial: Gebrannte Ziegel (22/22/4,5 cm) auf steinverkleidetem Sockel und steinerne Portalrahmung.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Über dem Ein-gang ein Obergeschoß. Das Gebäude ist gut erhalten. Inschriften: über dem Portal angebracht.Datierung: Durch die Bauinschriften in das Jahr 1687.Die Portalrahmung zeigt einen Rundstab, der aus einer Vasenbildung herauswächst (Abb. 68). Am Karavanserail sind zwei verschiedene Formen von Steinmetzzeichen vertre-ten (Abb. 68). fn. 54 Ebenda, 175 ff. Schnitte und Ansichten wurden am 11. 9. 1988 vermessen. [Chaleh Siyah-ye Now Caravanserai (Chaleh Siyah/Tchah-e Siah) (Plates 8.1-8.4) (Fig. 12; 66) (54) Location: 16 km southeast of Qal'eh Robat Sangi and 6 km northwest of Robat Chaleh Siah-ye Qadim and Chahar Bordj Caravanserai, at 1690 m above sea level, on the Isfahan-Golpayegan route. Type: Courtyard caravanserai with four iwans, four stables, two residential courtyards, and a dome over the projecting entrance building. Rounded corners on the exterior, no towers. Dimensions: 86 x 80 m exterior dimensions (without portal porch), 49.90 x 40.70 m courtyard dimensions, height of the dome 10.20 m, height of the portal structure 10.20 m (Fig. 67). Building material: Fired bricks (22 x 22 x 4.5 cm) on a stone-clad base and stone portal frame. Structural features and condition: An upper floor above the entrance. The building is well preserved. Inscriptions: Attached above the portal. Dating: Based on the building inscriptions, to the year 1687. The portal frame shows a round rod emerging from a vase-shaped structure (Fig. 68). Two different forms of stonemason's marks are present on the caravanserai (Fig. 68). fn. 54 Ibid., 175 ff. Sections and views were surveyed on September 11, 1988.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p. 39 ※ SOURCE for Tchah-e-Siyah now « The La branche Nord franchit une faible hauteur de schiste noir. Tout de suite après un petit col éventé cette ancienne voie s'infléchit pour suivre le cours d'un ravin se perdant dans la plaine de Tchâh-e-Siyâh now. Dès le col on aperçoit les ruines d'un très ancien caravansérail : Tchâh-e-siyâh Qadim (site 4) qui révèle, ainsi que ses successeurs proches, la tragique histoire d'un point d'eau agonisant. Ce très intéressant monument qui date du début de l 'Islam, environné de traces plus anciennes, fut relayé 500 m. plus bas, par un autre caravansérail : également un tchâh-e-Siyâh d'époque mongole , appelé aussi Tchâhâr-Bordj (les quatre tours) (site 9) . Quand la source, malgré les efforts de captage, se fut révélée déficiente, 6 km. plus loin, dans la plaine alluviale, des ghanats furent forés par un Mi nistre de Châh Soleyman et en 1687 A.D., un des plus curieux caravansérails iraniens, Tchâh-e-Siyâh now y fut inauguré (site 27) (1). fn. 1Sur certaines cartes, ces monuments sont appelés, par erreur, Tchehelhessieh. Ces erreurs très fréquenteset qui gênent considérablement les recherches, sont dues aux transcriptions phonétiques de voyageurs ignorant la langue, auxquelles s'ajoutent celles faites au cours de la mise au net de notes hâtivement rédigées.[The northern branch crosses a low rise of black schist. Immediately after a small, winding pass, this ancient route bends to follow the course of a ravine that disappears into the Tchâh-e-Siyâh now plain. From the pass, one can see the ruins of a very ancient caravanserai: Tchâh-e-siyâh Qadim (site 4), which, along with its immediate successors, reveals the tragic story of a dying watering hole. This very interesting monument, dating from the beginning of Islam, surrounded by older remains, was replaced 500 meters lower by another caravanserai: also a Shah-e-Siyah from the Mongol period, also called Tchâhâr-Bor4j (the four towers) (site 9). When the source, despite efforts to capture it, proved deficient, 6 km further on, in the alluvial plain, ghanats were drilled by a Minister of Shah Sulayman and in 1687 AD, one of the most curious Iranian caravanserais, Tchâh-e-Siyâh now, was inaugurated there (site 27) (1). fn. 1 On some maps, these monuments are mistakenly called Tchehelhessieh. These very frequent errors, which considerably hamper research, are due to phonetic transcriptions by travelers unfamiliar with the language, to which are added those made during the editing of hastily written notes.] » #3345 Siroux, Maxime, Anciennes voies et monuments routiers de la région d'Ispahân, Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, 1971 ~ p. 10 Sheikh Mathkur encampment : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.480031 long 46.642784 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: vey approximate location VARIANT names: Sheikh Mathkur encampment , ※ SOURCE for Sheikh Mathkur encampment « As Lieutenant Selby was returning to Basra, availed myself of his offer to land me at the en campment of Sheikh Mathkur on his way. W left Baghdad on the last day of October, in th 'Assyria.' As the river was very low, we coul not proceed after dark, and as we constantl grounded on sandbanks, it was November 7 befor we reached the sheikh's tents. They had been much reduced in number since we had seen them a month before, many of the Arabs having re-turned to their pastures inland, as their fears of an attack from the Persian troops had ceased. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 2 p. 220 Sheikh Mohammad (D3) : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.140927 long 52.270216 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sheikh Mohammad (D3) , ※ SOURCE for Sheikh Mohammad (D3) « Sheikh Mohammad (D3) is the name of a small tomb in the middle of a cemetery 200 m west of Dowlatabad. In plan the tomb is similar to a chahar tāq, with the four corner piers revealing the springings of arches connecting them, presumably supporting a dome. The pillars are in fact hollow and contain domed crypts; the preserved height of 1.5 m shows the plaster floor of the upper crypts. The vague indication of a mihrab can be traced on the south wall. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 92 Shekar Ab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084704 coordinate: lat 31.856982 long 49.235946 NIMA/GNS names: Shekar Ab , Shokrabad , شکر آب , شکر آباد , VARIANT names: Shakarab , Shekar Ab , ※ SOURCE for Shakarab « #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ » #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 637 Shekarak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084714 coordinate: lat 29.972379 long 51.796816 NIMA/GNS names: Rubani , Shekarak , روبنی , شکرك , VARIANT names: Shekarak , Shekarak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10781675 coordinate: lat 29.276839 long 51.580842 NIMA/GNS names: Shekarak , شکرك , VARIANT names: Shekarak , Shela : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 14381818 coordinate: lat 32.306008 long 49.677306 NIMA/GNS names: Shela , شلا , VARIANT names: Shela , Shem Si-'arab : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 30.419551 long 50.639336 VARIANT names: Shem Si-'arab , ※ SOURCE for Shem Si-'arab « We next entered a charming valley, shaded by clumps of trees, enclosed by high mountains, and watered by the river Shem Si-'arab (1), which winds its course through the hills in a S.W. direction. Having left the ruins of a kárvánseráï on the right, we crossed the river, and entered the plain of Lishter. fn. 1 Probably the Brizana of Nearchus (Vincent, p. 373). » #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~ p. 84 Shenas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055135 coordinate: lat 26.52548 long 54.797486 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Shenas , Shenas , بندر شناس , شناس , VARIANT names: Chinas , Shenas , Shonas , ※ SOURCE for Chinas « Chinas » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Shonas « Shonas » in {map#1320 'tracing showing the route and coast line from Mogoo bay to the town of Bunder Abbas. (vide report no. 6 of 1864)' [?236a] (1/2) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, ST 393, vol 17, p 236a, in Qatar Digital Library, , 1864, } Sher Bakhsh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3392491 coordinate: lat 33.5575 long 61.9183333 NIMA/GNS names: Sher Bakhsh , Sher Baksh , Shir Bakhsh-e Kalan , Sirbakhse Kalan , VARIANT names: Sher Bakhsh , Sherbakhsh , ※ SOURCE for Sherbakhsh « 29. Sherbakhsh (17 miles 4 furlongs-337 miles).-Water plentiful but brackish; forage and grass abundant. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335 Sherkat-e Aradan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: BLDG UFI: 10837038 coordinate: lat 32.447231 long 54.91628 NIMA/GNS names: Sherkat-e Aradan , شرکت آرادان , VARIANT names: Sherkat-e Aradan , Shesh Deh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084771 coordinate: lat 28.947292 long 53.994691 NIMA/GNS names: Shash Deh , Shesh Deh , Sheshdeh , Shish Deh , ششده , VARIANT names: Chiste , Shash-deh , Shesh Deh , Sheshdeh , ※ SOURCE for Chiste « Au - delà d'un torrent d'hiver , le chemin est pierreux , et le terrain s'élève de plus en plus. Peu après nous atteignons Chistè . Ce village , du district de Fassâ , est entouré de murs et dominé par une haute montagne appelée Derakti. Il produit des grains , du coton et du tabac à fumer . Avant d'y parvenir , on trouve quelques ruines , puis des jardins plantés d'arbres fruitiers , au milieu desquels s'elèvent diverses maisons . [Beyond a winter torrent, the path is stony, and the ground rises more and more. Shortly after we reach Chistè. This village, in the district of Fassa, is surrounded by walls and dominated by a high mountain called Derakti. It produces grain, cotton and smoking tobacco. Before reaching there, we find some ruins, then gardens planted with fruit trees, in the middle of which various houses stand.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 346 ※ SOURCE for Shash-deh « Shash-deh » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} ※ SOURCE for Sheshdeh « The Tang extended for about a mile, the hills on the left side being somewhat precipitous for the last half mile, those on the right sloping and broken. Along the sides of the Tang I noticed the remains of an aqueduct generally built up of stone and mortar, but in some places eut out of the rock. This is said to have been built and carried along the sides of the hills right down into the plain of Daráb, to supply that place and Hassanábád with water. I could not learn about what time it was supposed to have been built. Having passed through the Tang, we came out on the plain of Sheshdeh. An easy ride of 3 miles, along a level and good road, brought us to the village of that name. Distance 12 miles. Sheshdeh is a large and prosperous place, but the people are of a somewhat forbidding caste of countenance, and appear to be inclined to be rude and uncivil, differing from the other villagers we have come across in this respect. The village contains 200 houses, 700 people; 6,000 máns of wheat and barley, and 80 máns of poppy-seed are sown yearly. The villagers possess 60 oxen, 1,500 sheep, and 50 donkeys, but no mules. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 7 Shewan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3392242 coordinate: lat 32.6333333 long 62.4944444 NIMA/GNS names: Shewan , VARIANT names: Shahiwan , Shewan , ※ SOURCE for Shahiwan « 18. Shahiwan (15 miles-235 miles 2 furlongs).-Numerous canals for irrigation. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 333 Sheydanak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084796 coordinate: lat 28.958761 long 53.856454 NIMA/GNS names: Sheydanak , شیدانک , VARIANT names: Shaidunak , Sheydanak , ※ SOURCE for Shaidunak « From here our route led north and, passing the head of canals previously mentioned, entered a broad valley where ruined terraces and low bands marked what were once terraced fields of the deserted village of Shaidunak. The area was once irrigated by qanāts descending from the mouth of the Tang-i-Majj at the foot of the Tudēj range. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 161 Sheykh Badir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3196943 coordinate: lat 30.583333 long 48.75 NIMA/GNS names: Khur , Shaikh Badayar , Sheykh Badir , شيخ بدير , VARIANT names: Sheykh Badir , ※ SOURCE for Sheykh Badir « Sheykh Badir » in {map#1063 Kuwait State. Basra Division. Khuzistan Province. - 'Iraq, Kuwait and Persia. No. 10 B and C, Khuramshahr (Mohammerah), , , British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3737, f 76, in Qatar Digital Library} Sheykh Hozur : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084857 coordinate: lat 27.331815 long 54.438742 NIMA/GNS names: Sheikh Hozoor , Sheykh Hozur , Sheykh 'ozur , شيخ ءزور , شیخ حضور , VARIANT names: Scicogì , Sheack-zur , Sheykh Hozur , ※ SOURCE for Scicogì « Per Perp paeſe piano facemmo il Venerdì 8. venti miglia in 7. ore, ed andammo a fermarci nel Karvanferà, e Caſale di Scicogì; ſempre camminando verſo Mezzodi, ficcome aveamo principiato da Iſpahan. Le rondinelle in queſti luoghi fon di color di cenere. [On Friday 8th we traveled slowly through Perp country, twenty miles in 7 hours, and went to stop in Karvanferà and Caſale di Scicogì; always walking towards the South, as we had started from Iſpahan. The swallows in these places are ash-coloured.] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. p. 274 ※ SOURCE for Sheack-zur « August 2. We rose from Bustag, and arrived at Sheack-zur 4 hours before day. Here's store of provisions, and indifferent good water. » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 204 Sheykhabad-e Kahnuj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084804 coordinate: lat 27.955833 long 57.722222 NIMA/GNS names: Sheikh Abad Kahnooj , Sheykhabad , Sheykhabad-e Kahnuj , VARIANT names: Kahnu , Sheykhabad-e Kahnuj , ※ SOURCE for Kahnu #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7, 45:648-60 ~ p. 655 Sheykh-e Zangiha-ye Deylam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLX UFI: 14492466 coordinate: lat 30.051222 long 50.15932 NIMA/GNS names: Mahalleh-ye Sheykh-e Zangiha , Sheykh-e Zangiha-ye Deylam , شیخ زنگی ها دیلم , محله شیخ زنگی ها , VARIANT names: Bandar-e Beylam , Bender Dilum , Bender-Delem , Bender-Deloum , Bunder Dellim , Dilam , Dilan port , Sheykh-e Zangiha-ye Deylam , ※ SOURCE for Bandar-e Beylam « Titel: Pataveh 1990 - Court type caravanserai at the road Esfahan - Yasudj - Dehdasht - Bebahan - Bandar-e Beylam » online reference link [accessed 10 Apr 2025] ※ SOURCE for Bender Dilum « A breeze which sprang up at noon next day enabled us to reach Bender Dilum about sunset. I was hospitably received by Haji Aga, the brother of Haji Hassan, the 'lala' or tutor of Mehemet Taki Khan's children, and I passed the night in his humble hut. I was informed by my host that Mehemet Ali Beg, tired of waiting for me, and probably ima-gining that having once rejoined my countrymen I should not be disposed to leave them again, had left Bender Dilum for Kala Tul, taking my horse with him. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 473 ※ SOURCE for Bender-Delem « Friday the ninth of October at break of day, we faw the Land near to us on the Right Hand, and we were becalmed till about ten a Clock in the Morning, when we had an cafie South-Weft Gale, with which we flood off a little from the thoar, bearing away North-West: we made fo good way with this Gale, that at one of the Clock after Noon, we were off and on with Bender-Delem; and about fix a Clock in the Evening we weathered a little point of Land, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thevenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687, ~ Part II., p. 152 ※ SOURCE for Bender-Deloum « Bender-Deloûm » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 491 ※ SOURCE for Bunder Dellim « Bunder Dellim » in {map#1105 Sketch Map of the Gulf of Persia' [?32r] (1/2), , 1863, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F126/48, f 31, in Qatar Digital Library} « We passed through a range of low hills about 15 miles to Hissar, a collection of six or seven villages; the road is good, and the wells here also afford good water. Fire miles farther is Mahmade, then six to Bunder Delim, once a place of trade belonging to the Dutch, whose factory is still pointed ont, but now only a miserable fishing village; the water is indifferent and at the distance of a mile from the town. » #1334 Monteith, William, Notes on the Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, etc., Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857, 27:108-19 ~ p. 108-9 ※ SOURCE for Dilam « Dilam was once a place of some size and importance. In the eighteenth century it was a trading-port of the Dutch, the remains of whose factory are still to be traced. Possessing one of the best roadsteads in the Gulf, it is the starting- point of the principal caravan-route to Behbehan and Ram Hormuz, though the town itself has dwindled to a petty village of a few hundred souls. From the interior are brought grain, cotton, wool, ghi, and dried fruits for transmission to the other Gulf ports; while sugar, tea, and cotton fabrics are imported in the main from Bushire, and dates from Busrah or Mohammerah. Its customs were farmed in 1889-90 for 7,200 tomans. » #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892, ~ vol. 2 p. 401 ※ SOURCE for Dilan port « Dilan port » in {map#1033 Asia. Persian Gulf [173r], Guy, Brucks, Constable, Stiffe, 1933, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3924, f 173, in Qatar Digital Library} Sheykhun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084927 coordinate: lat 31.489403 long 50.162212 NIMA/GNS names: Sheykhun , شیخون , VARIANT names: Sheykhun , Shib Ravan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10950656 coordinate: lat 27.2581 long 55.4521 NIMA/GNS names: Shib Ravan , شیب روان , VARIANT names: Shaburvan (Shirvan) , Shib Ravan , ※ SOURCE for Shaburvan (Shirvan) « Persian text omitted. [From Shaburvan to the new pond, the process is three parasakhs. Along the way, they reach a pond and a caravanserai called Taqikhani Caravanserai. There is a pond and a caravanserai in the new pond and there is no settlement, I think it is a distortion of the flowing spring.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 580 Shib Tal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084947 coordinate: lat 29.998698 long 55.421525 NIMA/GNS names: Mahalleh-ye Shib Tal , Shib Tal , Shib Tall , شیب تل , محله شیب تل , VARIANT names: Deh Shuturan , Shib Tal , ※ SOURCE for Deh Shuturan « Late in the afternoon I reached the group of villages in Yezd territory, known as Deh Shuturán or Village of Camels, where I had vaguely heard that there was a European engineer. I was not deceived, and in a few minutes was shaking hands with a New Zealander, Mr Campbell. He told me that he had only recently arrived at Deh Shuturán, where borax was being collected and exported for the Mining Corporation, which, unfortunately, proved to be a failure, partly from the lack of communications. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 77 Shib Tang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084948 coordinate: lat 29.2435 long 52.0937 NIMA/GNS names: Shib Tang , Shib-e Tang , شیب تنگ , VARIANT names: Kuri , Shib Tang , ※ SOURCE for Kuri « Kuri » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Shiraz 444 C Shif : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.07127 long 50.89956 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shaef , Shif , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Shif FOR Padargus fl. [Tomaschek], ※ SOURCE for Shaef « Shaef » in {map#1121 Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, , 1850, #1334 Monteith, William, Notes on the Routes from Bushire to Shiraz, etc., Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1857 27:108-19 ~} ※ SOURCE for Shif [The coordinates are based on the « Shif » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Bushire 444 D. The « Shif » in the NIMA/GNS dataset is given 29.059, 50.8783 at the north end of Jazireh-ye Shif. PBR] « Shif شیف [name] | On the coast 5 miles north-east of Bushehr Town.[position] | There re no inhabitants. | Also called Tul-i-Shif طل شيف on account of a rocky knoll by which it is distinguished. This is a low rocky point and landing-place on the mainland at the north-east end of Bushehr harbour. Goods passing between Bushehr and the interior are transferred from boat to caravan or vice versa at this spot when the road by Ahmadi is closed. Shif is visible from the high part of the Bushehr Peninsula. There is no water at Shif and mules required there must be ordered previously through the muleteers' agents in Bushehr Town. The Persian Imperial Customs established a post here in 1904.[remarks] » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 82 « Shif is a low rocky point of the mainland, 1 miles east of the tower on Shaik Saad; it is 10 to 15 feet high, and is the only landing place on the main near Bushire. A small house and rain-water cistern have been erected here. Many of the supplies from the interior are brought down to this point, and shipped thence for that town, thereby. saving the long circuit by the muddy mashíla. It is only 32 miles to Borasján against 48 by the land route. Inland of Shif the country is low, barren, and partly swampy for some miles, and to the north- ward of it are extensive swamps as far as Rúhilla. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890, ~ p. 278 « we left Bushire an hour before noon on the 18th of February. Mr. Paul's steam yacht carried us across the bay to Shif, thus saving two tedious and muddy marches along the coast-line of the peninsula. At Shif, which consists of two huts on a knoll of mud, we found our mules, » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 30 Shilau valley : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.671801 long 52.335615 Supplement: Deh Shilau and Shilau Valley are listed separately from Siraf, Shilau, Taheri to individual coordinates. VARIANT names: Shilau valley , Shilaw , vallée de Chilaou , ※ SOURCE for Shilau valley « Shilau valley » in {map#1128 Plan 17 Sketch Plan of Siraf (Tahiri), , , #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~} [This valley stems from Darreh-ye Lir (Stein's Tang-i Lir) runs roughly east to west then turns southward at Whitehouse's Shilau or Deh Shilau. PBR] « Proceeding from here north-eastwards we reach the extremity of the low ridge which separates the town area from the valley of Shilau containing its necropolis. … Crossing the depression in which the dry torrent-bed of Shilau bends southwards to the sea, we ascended the crest of the ridge which overlooks the main portion of the town site. The crest rises, as Plan 17 shows, at first gently to an elevation of about 200 feet, and then more steeply to a knoll, marked 333 feet on the plan.» #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ pp. 205 and 206 ※ SOURCE for Shilaw « I would like to add one last observation: even to-day a local wadi and its valley are called Shilāw(23); this is another factor not to be underestimated, in that it may indicate the survival over the centuries of a toponymic tradition which has its roots in a much more remote past, taking us back once again to the legend of the Sasanian bero-kings. Such things are the reverse of exceptional in Iran and, in particular, in the Fārs, the cradle of this dynasty, a region particularly rich also in preislamic historical and cultural evidence. fn. 23 See T.J. WILKINSON, report on The binterland of Siraf (in preparation): «for example, the present Shilau is a short, dry channel which runs from immediately N. of the coastal escarpment via a deep gorge (Tang-i-Lir) to the coast in the centre of Siraf» (p. 4 ms. I am deeply grateful to this Scholar for giving me access to his notes and manuscript). Cf. also M.A. STEIN, Archaeological Reconnaissances cit., p. 204: «An outlyng ridge below the Tang-i-Lir divides the small valley of Shilau from the town area proper», et infra. » #348 Piacentini, Valeria Fiorani, Merchants - Merchandise and Military Power in the Persian Gulf (Suriyanj/Shahriya-Siraf), Atti Della Accademia Nazionale Dei Lincei, Rome, 1992, ANL Memorie Della Classe Di Scienze Morali, Storiche E Filologiche Memorie serie IX, vol.III, fasc. 2 ~ p. 127 ※ SOURCE for vallée de Chilaou « Au moment de ma visite, plusieurs des cavernes creusées dans les flanes escarpés des ravins, à peu de distance de la mosquée, et au-delà dans la vallée de Chilaou, étaient occupées par des nomades. [At the time of my visit, several of the caves dug in the steep sides of the ravines, not far from the mosque, and beyond in the valley of Chilaou, were occupied by nomads.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 88 Shillan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.679193 long 52.269646 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: « mais, de ce côté, il n'existe ni village, ni maison, entre Akhter et Taheri (46, p. 214). [but, on this side, there is neither village nor house, between Akhter and Taheri (46, p. 214).] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 80 VARIANT names: Shillan , Shillaw , ※ SOURCE for Shillan « Shillan is a small deserted village, in lat. 27° 39' 59" N., long. 52° 14' 20" E. » #2994 ed. Robert Hughes Thomas, Historical and Other Information Connected with Place in the Persian Gulf, government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, 1856 ~ p. 591 ※ SOURCE for Shillaw « Shillaw » in {map#910 Map of Arabia, Published by J. Walker, Geographer to the Honble East India Company, 1849, British Library, IOR/X/3206} Shimbar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 14384004 coordinate: lat 32.359901 long 49.617903 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Shirin Bahar , Shimbar , Tang-e Shirin Bahar , تنگ شیرین بهار , دره شیرین بهار , شیمبار , VARIANT names: Shimbar , Shinas : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788887 coordinate: lat 24.742599 long 56.466979 NIMA/GNS names: Al Shinas , Ash Shinas , Shinas , Shinas , شناص , VARIANT names: Schinas , Shinas , ※ SOURCE for Schinas « Bireïmah may be approached from Schinas by two of these , Wádí Khór and Wádí Uttar. From Fidgira another road leads across the ridge to Shárga , which is two and a half days distant . » #19 Wellsted, James Raymond, Travels in Arabia, John Murray, London, 1838 ~ vol. 1 p. 237 ※ SOURCE for Shinas « To return to the point whence we digressed, we must remark Sohar, a town in lat. 24° 21' N., about twenty-two leagues NW. by W. from Burka Island. It is a place of some strength, and forms the frontier against the clan Ghafiri. The next remarkable spot we reach is Shinas Castle, in lat. 24° 45' N., and distant nearly nine leagues in a NNW. direction. To this succeeds the small cove of Khurfakhan, in lat. 25° 20' N.; and next Dabba, distant from Julfar only half a day's journey, across the cape, which hence juts forth into the sea, and contributes to form the narrow entrance of the Persian Gulf. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 12 « They were, however, desirous of the assistance of the English, to recover Shinas, and the places on the coast near Cape Musseldom, that had been dismembered from Sohar, so as to reduce the defence of the country to one point, the passage across the isthrnus. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p. 44 « Shinas is a fort and town in lat.. 24° 44' 41" N., long. 56° 33' 18" E. It is noted in the annals of the expedition of 1809 as the place where many men fell from the enemy being undervalued. This place, as also the whole of the Batinah Coast, belongs to the Imaum of Muskat. His nominal revenue is about three thousand German crowns. Water and supplies are to be had here. The place has a good deal of coasting trade, has a number of boats belonging to it, and contains about five hundred inhabitants. The country is pretty well cultivated near it, and the anchorage is good in six fathoms, clay bottom. From Shinas to Hoosafine the coast is low, well planted with date trees, and the soundings regular to four and five fathoms, three quarters of a mile off shore. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge: New York, 1985 ~ p. 625 « In 1849 Saiyid Thuwaini proceeded by sea to Shinas. One of his objects was to provide for the safety of ShinaS; Ghallah and Khor Fakkan — the two latter having been at some time recovered from the Qawasim — which were again threatened by the northern tribes ; but another object also soon declared itself in the treacherous seizure at Shinas of Hamud; whom Thuwaini suspected of hostile proceedings inconsistent with the treaty of 1839, and in an attack on Sohar. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 1 pt. 1 p. 455 « A curious difficulty, destined to produce unforeseen and somewhat far-reaching consequences, now occurred in connection with two villages in the upper part of Wadi Hatta in Western Hajar, a valley through which runs a route from Dibai in Trucial Oman to the town of Shinas in Batinah. These villages, Hajarain and Masfut, both inhabited by Biduwat, seem to have belonged originally—as the lower part of Wadi Hatta does still—to the Sultanate of Oman; » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 1 pt. 1 p. 752 « OMAN SULTANATE - II.-Hinawi Tribes-contd. Tribe. - Number of Souls. - District - Settlements. - Remarks Riyayisah - 1,000- (1) Batinah and (2) Western Hajar. - (1) Hasaifin Sur- ar-Riyayisah, (2) Tawi in Wadi Bani 'Umr-al- Gharbi, and (3) Shinas Town. - They are Sunnis from Persia, but are now affiliated to the Bani Hina. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1407 « Shinas, the first town we come to in the Batineh, fifteen miles from Ras Mallaha, lies in the Wady Hatta which forms the natural highway from it through the hills to Abu Thubi; the Wady belongs to the Wahashat and Bedonat tribes and has several villages along its course. The population of Shinas. is about 1,000, composed of the Dahamina, Shahat and Ghanoor tribes, with Persian and Belooch. In front of the town is a lagoon three and a-half miles in length, deep enough for large fishing boats, and running parallel to the sea beach; the district is fairly well cultivated and a good deal of tobacco is grown here. The fort is an imposing one, quadrangular in shape and with three strong bastions, and the walls, which are twenty feet high, are riddled with holes, the result of the bombardment of 1809. In that year Sir Lionel Smith, the leader of the expedition, sent to destroy the pirate stronghold, landed part of his troops to compel the evacuation of the Wahabees and Joasmees, who then held the fort, and to return it to the Sultan. » #355 Miles, Samuel Barrett, The countries and tribes of the Persian Gulf, Harrison and Sons: Garnet Publishing Limited, London: Reading, 1919:1994 ~ p. 454 « Shinas is a considerable town, with a strong fort, twenty-seven miles to the north-west of Sohar on the Batnali (or the" Inner") coast, which extends from Muscat to Khor Kelbeh. Khor Fukaun, on this coast, is in a sandy bay, and is a place of no importance. » #782 Low, Charles Rathbone, History of the Indian Navy (1613-1863), Richard Bentley and Son, 1877 ~ vol. 1 p.333 fn. ‡ Shir Geshk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085031 coordinate: lat 34.002536 long 56.808661 NIMA/GNS names: Mazra`eh-ye Shir Gesht , Shir Geshk , Shir Gesht , Shir Kesht , Shir Khesht , Shir Khest , Shirkhisht , شیر گشت , مزرعه شیر گشت , VARIANT names: Shir Geshk , Shiraz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085009 coordinate: lat 29.61003458 long 52.53094963 NIMA/GNS names: Chimaz , Chiraz , Schiras , Shiraz , Siraz , شیراز , VARIANT names: Chiras , Chiraz , Chyraz , Giras , Schiras , Sciras , Sciraz , Scyras , Shira-its-tsi-ish , Shirass , Shiraz , Siras , Siràs or Xiràs or Sciraz , Širaz , Sjiraas , Sjiraas , Stadt Siraes , Syras , Xiras , Xiraz , Zjie-raes , ※ SOURCE for Chiras « dinge alle de omleggende vlekken hooren, en daarvan hij in Chiras aan den gouverneur reekeningh doen moet, [let all the destroyers hear the things, and he must give an account of them to the governor in Chiras,] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 74 « Le 17, j'arrivai à Chiras, foible et défait, [On the 17th, I arrived in Chiras, weak and defeated,] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 9 p. 90 ※ SOURCE for Chiraz « ITINÉRAIRE DE CHIRAZ A SIRAF. De Chiraz à Kafra كفرة village 15 milles.?? » #3001 Al-Idrisi, P. Amedee Jaubert, Geographie d'Edrisi, Bertrand, Paris, 1836 ~ vol. 1 p. 400 ※ SOURCE for Chyraz « Chyraz » in {map#1255 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / dressée par P. Lapie... ; gravée par Blondeau..., , 1810, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE C-10435} « Chyraz » in {map#1253 Carte de la Perse, de la Turquie d'Asie et d'une partie de la Tartarie Indépendante / Dressée par P. Lapie, ... pour les Voyages de Chardin ; Gravée par Blondeau, ..., , 1810, } « Arrivé à la porte de Chyraz, un individu préposé à je ne sais quoi se jeta sur Alawerdi et le secoua avec violence; on lui demanda 2 krowns, je ne sais à quel titre. Alawerdi résista, mais le préposé s'empara du fusil qu'il portait en bandoulière. Je le laissai faire, bien persuadé que j'en obtiendrais raison. Je fus d'abord à la douane où je déposai mes effets qui furent culbutés,, Dieu sait comme! et me rendis ensuite chez le nabab où je retrouvai mon logement. [Arriving at the gate of Chyraz, an individual in charge of I don't know what threw himself on Alawerdi and shook him violently; he was asked for 2 krowns, I don't know for what reason. Alawerdi resisted, but the attendant grabbed the rifle he was carrying across his shoulder. I let him do it, fully convinced that I would get his way. I first went to customs where I deposited my belongings which were overturned, God knows how! and then went to the nawab where I found my accommodation.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 603 ※ SOURCE for Giras « GIRAS, cidade de - Shiraz, em 29° 38' lat. N. e 52° 31' long. E., na Pérsia. [P. Fernão Guerreiro - Relações Anais]. [GIRAS, city of - Shiraz, in 29° 38' lat. N. and 52° 31' long. E., in Persia. [P. Fernão Guerreiro - Annals].] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. D-N p. 85 ※ SOURCE for Schiras « Le seizième de mars à huit heures du matin, je partis de Schiras, et après six heures de marche dans la plaine, qui cesse d'être fertile à une lieue de la ville, [On the sixteenth of March at eight o'clock in the morning, I left Schiras, and after six hours of walking in the plain, which ceases to be fertile a league from the town,] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 310 ※ SOURCE for Sciras « . Egli, mentre facemmo dimora a Sciras, non volle che noi ſpendeſsimo, per non offender le leggi dell'oſpitalità; [While we were staying in Sciras, he did not want us to spend money so as not to offend the laws of hospitality; ] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p.263 ※ SOURCE for Sciraz « Fatta poi notte, di nuovo ci rimettemmo alla via; e il mercoledi, ventidue di giugno, camminate pian piano e molto adagio le due o tre sole leghe che restavano infin alla città di Sciraz, non prima dell'alba ci arrivamnto. [Then when night fell, we set off again; and on Wednesday, the twenty-second of June, you walked slowly and very slowly the only two or three leagues that remained until the city of Sciraz, arriving there not before dawn.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 362 « A due o tre ore di notte facemmo di nuovo levata, e dopo aver camminato tutto il resto della notte, il sabbato, sedici di ottobre, fatte le sci altre leghe che sole restavano a giorno chiaro, levato già il sole, arrivammo ai giardini di Sciraz, la qual città è situata pur in un bel piano circondato quasi d'ogn'intorno da monti, [At two or three o'clock in the morning we rose again, and after having walked all the rest of the night, on Saturday, the sixteenth of October, having skied the other leagues that were left in the light of day, the sun having already risen, we arrived at the gardens of Sciraz, which city is situated on a beautiful plain surrounded almost on all sides by mountains,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 265 ※ SOURCE for Scyras « Het Landt roudtom Scyras is seer buchtbaar; maar boven al in Wijngaarden/die den Wijn voastrengen / welke dosz geheel Perfien, en selfs daar bupten / voor den besten van de ge heele Werelt gehouden. werdt / zijnde noch geuriger/ krachti ger/en forter als de Canarie-Sck. [The Land of Scyras is very famous; but above all in Vineyards / that supply the Wine / which are entirely Perfian, and even there / held for the best in the entire World. was / being neither more fragrant / more powerful / and stronger than the Canarie-Sck.] » #3243 Jan Janszoon Struys, Drie aanmerkelijke en seer rampspoedige Reysen, Meurs, 1677 ~ p. 354 ※ SOURCE for Shira-its-tsi-ish see source « Syras » ※ SOURCE for Shirass « Dined here and went away for Shirass, being 5 farsangs, bad way up hills and down ; about the middle of the way in a fine plain is a good caravensaroy. Arrjved at Shirass at 8 at night. 21st [February], being Sunday. Went away for Bobbahodge. 9 farsangs good way . » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ p. 41 ※ SOURCE for Shiraz « This route passed Tarom, Forgh, Rustak, Darab, Darakan, Fasa, Sarvestan and then Shiraz, and from there onwards to Isfahan. This was the normal trade route prior the reign of Shah `Abbas I (1587-1629) . » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 252 and #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 67 « 24th February, Khan-i-Zanyan, 3 farsakhs ; 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. 25th February, Shiraz, 8 farsakhs ; 5.30 a.m. to 4 p.m. Next morning early, we saddled our horses for Shiraz. We had thirty-two miles to march, and the road, winding among bare mountain-tops, proved less interesting than any stage since Burazjan. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ p. 45 « next night pitching a farfangh ſhort of Shiraz; where we expected a ceremonious entrance » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132 « Hastening on towards Shiráz, I met a line inspector on tour, Mr Jefferies, who informed the that there was a riot taking place in the capital of Fárs. Accordingly, with very brief visits to the stupendous monuments of Persepolis, which I fortunately was able to examine carefully five years later, marched rapidly on, and being warned to avoid the town, proceeded to the beautiful Telegraph Garden, where I was most hospitably received by Dr Scully, the entertainer of almost every European traveller in Persia. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 80-81 ※ SOURCE for Siras « The 24th daye about 12 a clok att night we did sett out of the citie of Siras, comonly called by the inhabitans Shiras, and traveling over theplayne, » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p.78 « In our Stay here we had Opportunity to observe Siras, not only by Fame, but indeed to be, second to none, except the Royal City, in the whole Empire: » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 211 « Siras (Shirāz) for each carga half a mahmudi as in Lār » #3297 John Emerson, Rahdars and Their Tolls in Safavid and Afsharid Iran, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 1987 vol. 30:no. 3:pp. 318-327 ~ p. 321 ※ SOURCE for Siràs or Xiràs or Sciraz « fn. 30. Bembo gives three spellings for Shiraz: "Siràs or Xiràs or Sciraz." Persepolis is 80 km north of Shiraz. The plain to which Bembo refers is Marv Dasht, and he gives the name "Mircascun" to the town of Zargan. » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 298 ※ SOURCE for Širaz « Širāz VI C4 Id Iran Métropole (misr) de la province du Fāris et circonscription I 96, 97, 104, 119, 122, 124, 125, 126, 128-35, 137, 139, 154, 155, 156-58, Η 262, 264, 272, 279, 298, F 196, 201, 203, 204, 206, 208, 210, Hur 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 53, 58, 171, Qud 195-97, 226, R 97, 106, 152, 154(b), 189, M 43, Muq 7, 9, 34, 47, 52, 106, 156, 183, 258, 315, 416, 421, 423, 429, 430, 431, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 444, 448, 449, 451, 455, 456, 458 Yaq III, 348-50, LS 248-52, Schw 44, DKI 216, ΕΙ IV 391 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 58 ※ SOURCE for Sjiraas « Den 7. dito vertrokken wy van Sjiraas, hadden een goeden weg, en rondom ons veel dorpen. [On the 7th we left Shiraas, had a good road, and many villages around us.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 5 p. 263 « Den 6. dito wierd zyn. Ed: door eenige Armeniers bezogt, door hen met eenige tafel-vrugten beichonken, en 's namiddags door deneerſten ſchryver des Viziers verzogt, om op te zitten, weshalven zyn ed: na Sjiraas vertrok, [On the 6th his Ed: was visited by some Armenians, by whom he was refreshed with some table fruits, and in the afternoon he was requested by the chief scribe of the Vizier to sit on, wherefore his Ed: departed after Sjiraas,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 274 ※ SOURCE for Sjiraas « Den 11. dito na 2 mylen, aan de voor aan in Sjiraas gelegene Tsaarbag, daar van velen verwelkomt wierd. [The 11th ditto after 2 miles, at the front of Tsarbag located in Shiraas, where many were welcomed.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Stadt Siraes « 7 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 384 « 23 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 ※ SOURCE for Syras « Persia alla via di levante (A levante, ove prima si trova la città de Syras la quale) li..20., ha populo inumerabile, mercadanti assaissimi, perchè tutti i mercadanti che vengono da le parte di sopra, cioè da Ere, Sanmarcahanthe (299) e da li in suso (volendo vegnir per la via de la Persia) passano per Syras, (300) fn. 299. Sanmarcahanth Samarcanda, la principale città della Transoxiana. RUY GONZALES DE CLAVIJO, che Enrico III di Castiglia aveva inviato come ambasciatore a Timur nel 1405, ci ha lasciato una descrizione di Samarcanda quale era ai suoi tempi; cfr. la sua opera Embassy to Tamerlane, cit., pp. 285-290. (Lo.) fn. 300. Syras Shiraz. Contrariamente a quanto comunemente si crede, Shiraz è una città molto antica. Poco dopo la seconda guerra mondiale, G. Cameron scopri a Persepoli alcune tavolette in lingua elamita, recanti dettagli sulle paghe degli operai ivi impegnati nella costruzione del palazzo di Dario; su una di tali tavolette compare il nome di Shiraz, sotto la forma Shira-its-tsi-ish. Si ha così la prova che la città esisteva già nel periodo degli Achemenidi. In quel tempo, tuttavia, essa era messa in ombra da Persepoli. Sotto i Sasanidi Shiraz fu capitale dell'Ardashir Khurreh, uno dei cin- que distretti in cui era divisa la provincia del Färs. ... [Persia on the eastern road (To the east, where first is the city of Syras which) li..20., has an innumerable population, very many merchants, because all the merchants who come from the upper parts, that is from Ere, Sanmarcahanthe (299) and from there upwards (wanting to come by the road to Persia) pass through Syras, (300) fn. 299. Sanmarcahanth Samarkand, the principal city of Transoxiana. RUY GONZALES DE CLAVIJO, whom Henry III of Castile had sent as ambassador to Timur in 1405, has left us a description of Samarkand as it was in his time; cf. his work Embassy to Tamerlane, cit., pp. 285-290. (Lo.) fn. 300. Syras Shiraz. Contrary to popular belief, Shiraz is a very ancient city. Shortly after the Second World War, G. Cameron discovered in Persepolis some tablets in the Elamite language, containing details of the wages of the workers employed there in the construction of the palace of Darius; on one of these tablets the name of Shiraz appears, in the form Shira-its-tsi-ish. This is evidence that the city already existed in the period of the Achaemenids. At that time, however, it was overshadowed by Persepolis. Under the Sassanids Shiraz was the capital of Ardashir Khurreh, one of the five districts into which the province of Färs was divided. ...] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 142 ※ SOURCE for Xiras « A 24, vispera de Sancta Catalina martir, despues de auer enuiado delante muy de mañana el Enbaxador su rrecamara y todas las demas cargas, le vinieron á dar auiso como le querian ya salir á reçibir de Xiras, [On the 24th, the eve of Sancta Catalina martyr, after the Enbaxador had sent his chamber and all the other loads in front of him very early in the morning, they came to inform him how they wanted him and to leave to receive Xiras,] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 p. 332 ※ SOURCE for Xiraz « XIRAZ, cidade de - Shiraz, em 29° 38' lat. N. e 52° 31' long. E., na Pérsia. [João de Barros-Da Asia). [XIRAZ, city of - Shiraz, in 29° 38' lat. N. and 52° 31' long. E., in Persia. [João de Barros-From Asia).] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. O-Z p. 287 ※ SOURCE for Zjie-raes « arriv?mes à minuit au Caravanserai de Babbahad-jie, à 5. lieuës de Zjie-raes. [and arrived at midnight at the Caravanserai of Babbahad-jie, 5 leagues from Zjie-raes.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 312 Shirgah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RSTN UFI: -3196954 coordinate: lat 36.283333 long 52.9 NIMA/GNS names: Istgah-e Shir Gah , Istgah-e Shirgah , Shirgah , Shirgah , Shirgah Railroad Station , ايستگاه شيرگاه , شير گاه يستگاهِ , VARIANT names: Shirgah , Shirgoh , ※ SOURCE for Shirgoh « This daye we came [to] Shirgoh [Shirküh], a preti litle lodge, the towne lying a furlong from it, lying by a riuer side in a garden full of roses, haueing traveled all night in the greatest missery that euer I traveled in my life by resone of could and being wett, and being vpon the top of a hill in a playne open place wher our mamundar mist of the waye, soe that here we wandered moste part of the night, soe yt we knew not the waye backward nor forward, and soe might haue wandered all night but that by chaunce we met wth the caravan, and we followed them till break of daye. Then we knew our waye to our mansile (1) and soe picht, haueing traveled 6 leauges. fn. 1 Manzil (Arabic), halting-place. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 48 Shirin r. : stream grp 6 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.259591 long 51.89676 VARIANT names: Shirin r. , ※ SOURCE for Shirin r. « Shirin r. » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, Kazerun H-39P, , The University of Chicago} NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3196960 coordinate: lat 27.1486111 long 56.6769444 VARIANT names: Shirin Rud , Shirinoo : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085066 coordinate: lat 27.4894 long 53.3097 NIMA/GNS names: Shirinoo , Shirinu , شیرینو , VARIANT names: Shirinoo , Shirinu , ※ SOURCE for Shirinu « According to the information I collected in Khunj in 1953, the most popular track then was that leading from Khunj to Gāvbandi, via Hanganu (small qal'a 3 km east of Haftavān; shown on the shahristān map de Lār, FJ VII), Khalili (FJVII, p. go), Shirinu (id., p. 148), Mir Hasani (id., p. 230: Mir Hoseini), Lamar (local pron. for Lamard, id. , p. 209). » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ p. 28 fn. 60 Shirvan : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3104864 coordinate: lat 33.2333333 long 44.5166667 NIMA/GNS names: `Ali Chalabi al Shaikhli , `Ali Shalabi ash Shaykhili , `Ali Shalabi ash Shaykhli , Ab Sirawan , Ab-e Sirvan , Ab-i- Sirwan , Aw-i Sirwan , Diyala River , Diyala Rud , Husain al Ghafus , Husayn al Ghafus , Mulla Muhammad , Nahr Diyala , Nahr Diyala , Rud Diala , Rud Diyalah , Rudkhaneh-ye Sirvan , Shirvan , Sirvan , Sirwan , VARIANT names: Shirvan , Shirvan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ADMD UFI: -3196970 coordinate: lat 33.5917 long 46.7985 NIMA/GNS names: Sherwan , Shirvan , شیروان , VARIANT names: Shirvan , ※ SOURCE for Shirvan « But it may take a long time yet before Shirwan can boast again of those date-palm groves and those orchards holding all the fruits of " both the warm and cold regions " for the combination of which the old Arab writers, after their wont, specially praise this ground. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 228 Shish Kunar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.529495 long 52.36285 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: unable to establish exact location VARIANT names: Shish Kunar , ※ SOURCE for Shish Kunar « Shish Kunar » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} « A la sortie de la gorge, on entre dans la plaine d'Azadigan, où se situe un nouveau caravansérail, nommé Shish kunar: „les Six Juju- biers". [At the exit of the gorge, we enter the plain of Azadigan, where there is a new caravanserai, named Shish kunar: "the Six Jujube trees".] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 170 Shiv : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3090457 coordinate: lat 30.273206 long 51.252495 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-i Tang-i-Shu , Rudkhaneh-ye Kar Siah , Rudkhaneh-ye Shib , Rudkhaneh-ye Shiv , Rudkhaneh-ye Siah , Rudkhaneh-ye Tang-e Shib , Shiv , رودخانه سیاه , رودخانه شیب , رودخانه شیو , رودخانه کر سياه , VARIANT names: Shiv , Shivuh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055136 coordinate: lat 27.0802 long 53.1435 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Shiu' , Bandar-e Shiv , Sheyow , Sheyu , Shiv , Shiveh , Shivuh , بندرِ شيو , شيو , VARIANT names: Chiou , Shewar , Sheyu, Shiyu, Shivuh, Shiu , Shiu , Shivuh , Shiwu , Shiwuh , Tchiou , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Shivuh FOR Apóstani [Vincent], ※ SOURCE for Chiou « Chiou a 500 habitants marins, pêchetirs de perles et de poissons, cultivateurs, commerçants. Céréales, animaux, sel, poissons. [Chiou has 500 marine inhabitants, pearl and fish fishermen, farmers, traders. Cereals, animals, salt, fish.] » #3329 R. Vadala, Le Golfe Persique, Librairie Arthur Rousseau, 1920 ~ p. 87 ※ SOURCE for Shewar « Shewar » in map #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882, ~ plate XV ※ SOURCE for Sheyu, Shiyu, Shivuh, Shiu(Arch. Site) « D15 [site ] Shiwu [toponym] Sheyu, Shiyu, Shivuh, Shiu [other variants] Equivalent versions of the same place name, including Sheyu and Shiyu (Adamec, 1989), Shiu (USBGN: 59) and Shivnh (Lorimer, 1908: 1812), are listed and their location is given. The town, which has a fort and a tower, is described as a port for goods traded widely through the Persian Gulf and over to Oman as well as to a route leadmg inland up Gabandi valley (Lorimer, 1908: 1812). [details] 5308 [lat] 2704 [long] 2 [no. of sherds] » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ p. 368 ※ SOURCE for Shiu « Fortunately this petty chief still retaining some local authority showed his good will by providing such transport as enabled us to follow the route to Shiu along the rocky coast. Owing to its difficulty and insecurity it appears never to have been surveyed. Even here, in a small cliff-bound bay now frequented only by smuggling hillmen, I found remains of a modest settlement of mediaeval times which had its share in the maritime traffic then prevailing along the Persian Gulf and beyond. » #831 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological Reconnaissances in Southern Persia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1934 (Feb), 83:2:119-34 ~ p. 131 ※ SOURCE for Shivuh [Admiralty Chart 3599 15Aug1916 with fort lat 27 04' 30"N long 53 09' 00"E from chart 2837a surveyed by Lieut. F. A. Slocum RN HMS Crocus 1923] in {map#1015 Plans in the Persian Gulf, Bandar Abbas f 474 1, Hanjam Sound f 474 2, Shivuh f 474 3, , 1916, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/1095, f 474 1, in Qatar Digital Library} [plan detail above gives accurate location of mosque and fort. PBR] « One of the Shibkuh ports on the Persian Coast ; it is situated about 43 miles south-east of Shivuh and 34 miles west of Charak. Chiru has a fort and a large date-grove, and lies facing the east in a small bay formed by a low sandy projection running southwards from the main line of the Persian coast; the village is a mile north of the point of the promontory. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 355 ※ SOURCE for Shiwu « Shiwu » in {map#1016 Persian Gulf. Western Sheet, Constable and Stiffe, 1917, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837b} ※ SOURCE for Shiwuh « Shiwuh » in {map#1234 , , , 'Persia, Afghanistan and Beluchistan' [?26r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/623, f 26, in Qatar Digital Library fig. } « SHIWUH-Lat. 27° 4' 22". Long. 52°8'50". Elev.A bay and village on the coast of Lar, 14 miles north, 15 west, from the north-west end of Bashiab island.The village comprises from fifty to sixty small square houses, built of mud and stone, situated at the foot of a small hill, and round its slope is built their fort, on the summit of which there is an oblong tower, from whence they defend their village against the frequent attacks of their hostile neigh. bours.The inhabitants are hospitable and obliging people, and may be estimated at about three hundred souls, including men, women, and children, out of which they can only raise seventy able men to carry arms in the defence of their fort, to which the whole of the neighbouring villages repair for safety in time of attack.The fort at present is in a very dilapidated state, and is built of mud and stone, with four bastions, and the tower as above mentioned.The whole of the villagers are very poor; they carry on little or no trade with the different parts of the Gulf, having no vessels of their own, and what little they can do in trading is in wheat brought down from the interior and embarked on board some friendly vessel that may may by chance be calling the there. They mostly subsist on the produce of their fisheries, by carrying them to the different inland villages, a journey sometimes of from two to three days; men, women, and children all have their share of this work; the men fishing and carrying home their day's labour, the women and children sorting, salting, and drying them ready for sale. The town they have the most traffic with is called Gabendy, at a distance of three fursaks inland from Shiwu.The Shaikh is chosen by the villagers. The present inhabitants appear to have gradually come in and settled down from different parts of the coast. The language they speak generally is Arabic, but they also speak Persian; still Arabic is their mother tongue, though their manners and appearance would certainly denote a Persian origin.The neighbours they have the most dread of appear to be the sea-faring men from Asilu and its environs, whom they report as always cruising up and down the coast in search of unlawful prizes, and ready to loot any of the weaker vessels they may happen to fall in with.During the summer months the villages of Shiwu are deserted with the exception of four or five men left in charge of the fort; for the inhabitants repair to the interior and cultivate certain fertile grounds to be found in the valleys adjoining the chain of barren hills bordering their coast, and return before the cold weather fairly seta in to store up their winter supplies, and to carry on their fishing trade.Shiwu Bay or Bandar Kalat (called so by the natives owing to the west promontory having been fortified by the Portuguese, of which scattered remains of ruins may be seen to this day) affords shelter to small vessels during north-westerly gales, but is perfectly exposed to the prevailing winds from other quarters, and cannot be recommended as a desirable bay to shelter vessels of a large size, owing to the coast being steep, and vessels having to be in seven to eight fathoms to avoid a heavy swell setting in round the west point.The bay abounds in fish of all description, and fresh provisions, wood, and water can be procured at a moderate rate; but vessels requiring water would have to go with their own boats and casks (as the villagers have no proper conveyance, their boats being of a very small size), and only in moderate weather, as there is no landing place off the village in a north-wester, and the one at the west cape, round a small spit, is difficult to round in heavy weather owing to a heavy surf surf rolling past.The British Political Residency schooner Georgiana, says Warner, "on one occasion sought shelter here during a strong north-westerly gale, rounding the west cape at a distance of a quarter mile in ten fathoms, and bringing up with the cape west by north three quarter north, distant 2 miles, and the village fort east by south, distant 3 miles, and about a quarter mile off shore in seven fathoms good holding ground, sand and shells. Rise and fall 8 feet, S. T."From where the schooner was anchored, a rock above water, and about a quarter mile off shore (not marked on the general charts), with discolouredwater beyond, was discernible running out to some distance, and to the northward and westward of the village. On enquiry I was informed that there was good anchorage for smaller vessels, round and abreast of the rock, from 4 to 24 fathoms, but shoaler to the northward, and that the west cape was always preferred in rough weather."The road by land from Shiwu to Lingah or Bushahr is perfectly safe; horses, camels, and donkeys are procurable at nearly every village; the greater part of the road runs by the sea coast, and the rest between the hills. (Warner.) » #3256 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Gazetteer of Persia Vol. IV, Printed at the Government Central Printing Office, 1892 ~ pp. 366-368 ※ SOURCE for Tchiou « Tchiou » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 vol. 2 p. 491 [Tchiou 5 farsengs from Bendeh which is 2 farseng from Moughân and 8 farsengs before Nabent . PBR] Shivuh customs house : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.081343 long 53.141686 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shivuh customs house , ※ SOURCE for Shivuh customs house « Shivuh customs house » in {map#1015 Plans in the Persian Gulf, Bandar Abbas f 474 1, Hanjam Sound f 474 2, Shivuh f 474 3, , 1925?, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/1095, f 474 1, in Qatar Digital Library} Shivuh fort : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.07964 long 53.144352 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shivuh fort , ※ SOURCE for Shivuh fort « Shivuh fort » in {map#1015 Plans in the Persian Gulf, Bandar Abbas f 474 1, Hanjam Sound f 474 2, Shivuh f 474 3, , 1925?, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/1095, f 474 1, in Qatar Digital Library} Shiya 5 (SHI5) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK754961 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5493183041918 long 59.6778108595595 VARIANT names: Shiya 5 (SHI5) , ※ SOURCE for Shiya 5 (SHI5) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Shiya 6 (SHI6) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK768959 converted to coordinate: lat 22.547286347225 long 59.6913770212664 VARIANT names: Shiya 6 (SHI6) , ※ SOURCE for Shiya 6 (SHI6) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Shiya 7 (SHI7) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK783950 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5389202426646 long 59.7057909207627 VARIANT names: Shiya 7 (SHI7) , ※ SOURCE for Shiya 7 (SHI7) « Few flints » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Sholabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081868 coordinate: lat 28.9113 long 53.334 NIMA/GNS names: Sahlabad , Sholabad , سهل آباد , VARIANT names: Sahlabad , Sholabad , ※ SOURCE for Sahlabad « From Asmāngird we made our way to Fasā by two marches across a mountain chain which had not been previously surveyed. Early during the first march the villages of Sahlābād and Kharg were passed at the mouth of a side- valley draining towards the Tang-i-Tāduvan. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 136 Shoor Barik : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085400 coordinate: lat 31.78418 long 49.69631 NIMA/GNS names: Shoor Barik , Shur Barik , شور باریک , VARIANT names: Shoor Barik , Shorah Khanah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3392780 coordinate: lat 32.170618 long 62.918015 NIMA/GNS names: Shorah Khanah , Shorakhana , Sorakhana , شوره خانه , VARIANT names: Shorah Khanah , Shour bridge : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: BDGQ independent coordinate: lat 29.225172 long 51.860979 VARIANT names: Shour bridge , ※ SOURCE for Shour bridge « Shour bridge » #3084 Parsa Ghasemi, Preliminary Report on the Identification of Ghandejan / Dasht-e Barin City Center on Sar Mashhad Plain, North of the Persian Gulfگزارش مقدماتی از شناسایی موقعیت شهر باستانی غندجان/ دشت بارین در دشت سر مشهد ، شمال دریای پارس, Journal of Iranian Archaeology, 2013 no. 3:65-71 ~ Figure 9. The broken bridge of Shour on Shour or Jereh River on the Sar Mashhad-Jereh road. p. 70 Shovar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3084668 coordinate: lat 31.534661 long 50.372049 NIMA/GNS names: Shavar , Shovar , Shovarz , شوار , شوار , شوارز , VARIANT names: Shovar , Shul : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085227 coordinate: lat 29.9682 long 52.1873 NIMA/GNS names: Shul , شول , VARIANT names: Shul , Shulgistan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085461 coordinate: lat 31.3765 long 52.4265 NIMA/GNS names: Shulgistan , Shuljestan , Shulqestan , Shurjestan , شورجستان , VARIANT names: Shulgistan , ※ SOURCE for Shulgistan « Direction S. E. by E. Road crosses a barren plain with a range of high hills about 10 miles to right. No villages or water before Shulgistan. A compact village, surrounded by stone walls and buttresses, which are generally overtopped by the upper storeys of the houses. A post-house outside the village with good water from kanats. Supplies scarce.Markham writes: "The village is small and surrounded by a high mud wall. The villagers own large flocks of sheep and goats." The same authority makes this stage 20 miles only, but Curzon agrees with that given in the column of distances. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 188 « Nor is there much to be said about Shulgistan, the next day's resting-place, of which all I remember is an ancient mud fort and the decaying blue dome of an Imamzadeh, behind which lay heaped up a white drift of snow. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 272 Shur Ab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRMQ UFI: -3785356 coordinate: lat 33.079573 long 55.567263 NIMA/GNS names: Mazra`eh-ye Shur Ab , Shur Ab , Shur Ab-e Bala , شور آب , شور آب بالا , مزرعه شور آب , VARIANT names: Shorab , Shur Ab , ※ SOURCE for Shorab « We left Pusht-i-Badan in the afternoon, and after 4½ miles of the usual bare plain, reached a poor little hamlet called Shorab, or salt water, where there is a spring of brackish water and a little tamarisk scrub. It is very curious that this spring contained many fish; all these small springs in Persia do contain fish, which take refuge in the karez or unclerground channels that convey the water from its source to the surface. » #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.), 3:9:513-46 ~ p. 519 Shur river : stream grp 17 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.244658 long 55.125756 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Shur river , ※ SOURCE for Shur river « I left the village of Fadumi by a good road running over a shingly plain. At 2 miles road runs up along the right bank of the Shur river, which flows in a south-east direction. ... At 4 miles pass the junction of the Forg river with the river Shur. Road now up the left bank of the Forg river, which is almost hidden from view by rushes and long grass which shelters the wild boar and other game. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 15 Shur Rud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3085306 coordinate: lat 27.162502 long 56.530367 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Shur , Shur , Shur Rud , رودخانه شور , شور , شور رود , VARIANT names: Shur Rud , ※ SOURCE for Shur Rud #1128p68 Shurabak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3392755 coordinate: lat 31.8333333 long 64.35 NIMA/GNS names: Shorawak , Shur Ab , Shur Av , Shurabak , VARIANT names: Shorawak , Shurabak , ※ SOURCE for Shorawak « Shorawak » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Afghanistan:, , , David Rumsey Map Collection fig. Farah I-41 U 1942} Shurcheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085412 coordinate: lat 33.314146 long 50.57743 NIMA/GNS names: Shoocheh , Shurcheh , شورچه , VARIANT names: Deharaban ? , Shurcheh , Surcheh , ※ SOURCE for Deharaban ? « December 19. We rose from Deha and lay at Deharaban: 9 houres riding. » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 p. 214 ※ SOURCE for Surcheh « At 26 miles cultivation is passed and the village of Surcheh, 30 houses, the yearly produce of which is 100 kharwars of grain. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 236 Shureh Gaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085425 coordinate: lat 29.154035 long 59.345855 NIMA/GNS names: Shureh Gaz , Shureh Gaz , Shureh-ye Gaz , Shurgaz , شوره گز , VARIANT names: Shor Gez , Shureh Gaz , ※ SOURCE for Shor Gez « Our camp at Tum-i-reg was pitched just 11 miles on the road. From that point our marches were - Shor Gez, 22 miles Ε.N.Ε » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 68 Shurgaz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085425 coordinate: lat 29.154035 long 59.345855 NIMA/GNS names: Shureh Gaz , Shureh Gaz , Shureh-ye Gaz , Shurgaz , شوره گز , VARIANT names: Shurgaz , Shustar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085511 coordinate: lat 32.049721 long 48.848429 NIMA/GNS names: Shooshtar , Shushtar , Shustar , شوشتر , VARIANT names: Shustar , Shuster , ※ SOURCE for Shustar « The Town of Susa was formerly the Metropolis of Persia, as it still is of Chusistan(141), and is situated upon the River Tiritiri, (142) or Charon,(143) about 60 Leagues towards the East of Bagdad fn. 141 Khuzestan. fn. 142 Thought to have been the modern name for the Eulaios or Choaspes (mod. Karkheh), the river that flowed by Susa (see Potts 1999 with full). bibliog. Thus Ortelius (1587: s.v. Evlævs), ‘Ptolemao et Plinio Susiane regionis fluvius. Tirititi videtur hodie vocari.’ According to Ferrari (1605: 11), ‘Choaspes Tiritiri fl. Susianæ ex Choatra M. Mediae in Tigrim se exonerans, Susaque Regiam irrigans’. Writing of the Choaspes, (Bruzen de La Martinière 1745/3: 1285) noted. ‘Der Herr de l'Isle sagt, man nenne ihn auch Hidaspes, und andere meynen, sein heutiger Nahme sey Tiritiri.’ The equation of the Tiritiri with the 'Charon,' i.e. Karun, however, shows that the Eulaios river (mod. Karkheh) is not meant here. fn. 143 Karun. This confirms that the town of Shushtar is meant by ‘Susa’, not the village of Shush further west. Cf. Hübner (1752: 555), "Suster oder persisch Tostar, am Flusse Caron, ist Ahasueri Residenz gewesen, und hieß vor Alters Susan. 143 » #3063 D.T. Potts, Agreeable News from Persia Iran in the Colonial and Early Republican American Press, 1712-1848, Springer VS, 2022 ~ p. 27 ※ SOURCE for Shuster « I found that the regular road for caravans to Shuster crossed mine at Khurumabad, the small village before described, and that most European goods came from the north via Tabriz, not from the shorter but more difficult route from the south via Shuster. » #1097 Floyer, Ernest Ayscoghe, Unexplored Baluchistan. A Survey, with Observations Astronomical, Geographical, Botanical, etc., of a Route through Mekran, Bashkurd, Persia, Kurdistan, and Turkey, Griffith and Farran, 1882, ~ p. 413 « The journey from Shushter to Ispahan occupied thirteen marching days, but I shall hereafter show that it could be comfortably performed in eleven days. Inasmuch as travellers will make their own stages as they please, I have not divided this brief analysis into days' marches, but have taken larger divisions. » #3529 Henry Blosse Lynch, Across Luristan to Ispahan, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, London, 1890 vol. 12:no. 9:pp. 533-553 ~ p. 547 « The next day we reached Shuster, and I parted from my dervish companions. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 2 p. 40 Shuwayr 1 (SHW1) : arch. site OMN UTM: EG749563 converted to coordinate: lat 19.4999223258314 long 57.7137839397579 VARIANT names: Shuwayr 1 (SHW1) , ※ SOURCE for Shuwayr 1 (SHW1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Shuwayr 2 (SHW2) : arch. site OMN UTM: EG752557 converted to coordinate: lat 19.494489138362 long 57.716618852256 VARIANT names: Shuwayr 2 (SHW2) , ※ SOURCE for Shuwayr 2 (SHW2) « Flint scatter » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Shuwayr 3 (SHW3) : arch. site OMN UTM: EG740570 converted to coordinate: lat 19.5062814958012 long 57.705234996161 VARIANT names: Shuwayr 3 (SHW3) , ※ SOURCE for Shuwayr 3 (SHW3) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Shuwayr 4 (SHW4) : arch. site OMN UTM: EG730627 converted to coordinate: lat 19.5578263829032 long 57.6959259156884 VARIANT names: Shuwayr 4 (SHW4) , ※ SOURCE for Shuwayr 4 (SHW4) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Shyia 1 (SHI1) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK695965 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5538728260256 long 59.6205578924719 VARIANT names: Shyia 1 (SHI1) , ※ SOURCE for Shyia 1 (SHI1) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Shyia 3 (SHI3) : arch. site OMN UTM: GK663976 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5643039290678 long 59.589651812605 VARIANT names: Shyia 3 (SHI3) , ※ SOURCE for Shyia 3 (SHI3) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Siah Ab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3393145 coordinate: lat 32.2211111 long 62.7175 NIMA/GNS names: Si Av , Si Aw , Si Aw Ghar , Siah Ab , Siyah Ab , VARIANT names: Siah Ab , Siah Ab sarai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 32.222109 long 62.721634 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: 81x87m VARIANT names: Siah Ab sarai , ※ SOURCE for Siah Ab sarai « Siah Ab sarai » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Afghanistan:, , , David Rumsey Map Collection fig. Farah I-41 U 1942} « 992. SARAI SIAH AB Original: Lat. 32º 14’ N, long. 62º 43’ E. Map 85. Revised: 32.22337257 N, 62.72057379 E / 32º 13’ 24.14126640 N, 62º 43’ 14.06563788 E (A). 32.2231212 N, 62.72990957 E / 32º 13’ 23.23632252 N, 62º 43’ 47.67445920 E (B). 32.22205084 N, 62.72165901 E / 32º 13’ 19.38303732 N, 62º 43’ 17.97245112 (C). Farāh Province. About 70 km from this town, at the village of Siāh Ab, near the caravanserai, on either side of the road to Girishk. Description: (A) West of the road, platform of square plan. (B) East of the road, 300 m from the caravanserai, a tepe established on a rocky outcrop: fragments of small bricks are present. (C) Remains of a caravanserai (identified from satellite image). » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 332 Siah Bisheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085581 coordinate: lat 36.15 long 52.35 NIMA/GNS names: Siabushi , Siah Bisheh , Zardman , زردمان , سياه بيشه , VARIANT names: Siah Bisheh , Siawisha , ※ SOURCE for Siawisha « It was three hours before we reached Siawisha, I thanked Heaven we had not attempted it last night,-and as the charvardar insisted on a cup of tea, I pushed on alone with the mules, telling him to catch us up afterwards. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 329 Siah Chub : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3392867 coordinate: lat 31.5166667 long 65.4 NIMA/GNS names: Siah Chub , Siah Chuy , Siahchob , Siajui , Syahcoy , VARIANT names: Siah Chub , ※ SOURCE for Siah Chub « At this southern extremity of the southern chain lies the important village of Panjwai on an alternate road to the south from Kandahar to Girishk. There is a ford here connecting the village of Sperwan with Siachob on the right bank. The bed of the river at this point, and for several miles below, varies in breadth from 400 to 700 yards with low banks, » #3495 Adamec, Ludwig W, Historical and political gazetteer of Afghanistan, Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 1972 ~ vol. 5 p. 44 Siah Gel : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3846383 coordinate: lat 33.9112 long 46.0786 NIMA/GNS names: Siah Gel , Siah Kol , Siahgel , سياه كل , سیاه گل , VARIANT names: Siah Gel , Siah Kal Chahar Taq : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: 598536.75 m E 3752274.23 m N. converted to coordinate: lat 33.9062653006217 long 46.0658247667252 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Siah Kal Chahar Taq , ※ SOURCE for Siah Kal Chahar Taq « Location The town of Zarneh is located in the northern part of the Ilam Province. The Siāh-Kal Chahar Taq is located 10 Kilometer south east of Zarneh, as the crew flies. The coordinates are 598536.75 m E 3752274.23 m N. The monument is located near a seasonal river amidst agricultural fields (Fig 2). » #3386 Milad Vandaee, Siāh-Kal: A Newly Discovered Chahar Taq in Zarneh of the Ilam Province, Sasanika Archaeology, 2012 ~ p. 2 Siah Khor : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085643 coordinate: lat 34.126652 long 46.597765 NIMA/GNS names: Chafteh Sajabi , Chafteh Sanjabi , Seyah Khowr , Siah Khor , Siah Khowr , Siah Khuz , Siah Khvor , Siah Khwar , Suvar Khar , چفته سجابی , چفته سنجابی , سیاه خور , سیاه خوز , VARIANT names: Siah Khor , Siah Khwar , ※ SOURCE for Siah Khwar « At 4 miles the village of Siah Khwär is passed, consisting of 10 houses around which there are no trees. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 153 Siah Peleh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10116480 coordinate: lat 33.638 long 47.0304 NIMA/GNS names: Charu Gereh-ye Kakavand , Siah Pelah-ye Ommid `Olya , Siah Peleh , چرو گره کاکاوند , سیاه پله , سیاه پلۀ امید علیا , VARIANT names: Sefaleh , Siah Peleh , ※ SOURCE for Sefaleh « As we passed over the last of these plateaus, known as Sefaleh and showing traces of former cultivation, there came into view below us the ruins of an ancient bridge reported to me before. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 236 Sibi : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -788942 coordinate: lat 26.20804 long 56.41784 NIMA/GNS names: Sibi , صيبي , VARIANT names: Sibi , Sibi Cardi -13) : arch. site OMN UTM: DD420983 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2030463162327 long 56.4194545736281 VARIANT names: Sibi Cardi -13) , ※ SOURCE for Sibi Cardi -13) #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 37 Sidan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3083570 coordinate: lat 30.003985 long 53.005815 NIMA/GNS names: Sa`idan , Saidun , Seydan , Seyyedan , Sidan , سیدان , VARIANT names: Saidan , Sidan , ※ SOURCE for Saidan « Thence the main road crosses the stream at a small tower-like windmill, and the road to Saidan, keeping at the foot of the hills on the left of the valley, passes through the village of Saidan to the post-house. This is an unwalled village, inhabited by Lurs and Shirazis, consisting of about 100 houses of mud briek, many of them two-storeyed, with flat mud roofs. It is built close under the rocky mountains on the N. side of a cultivated vailey, 11 miles brosd, in which there are several villages in sight, and large herds of cattle and goats. The walled gardens of the village run along the foot of the hills for some distance to the east. fn. Saidan is now never used as a Caravan stage. People halt at Kenara opposite to Persepolis (Preece, 1896) » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 190 Sief-e Muzaffar (eastern limit) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.148457 long 52.94464 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sief-e Muzaffar (eastern limit) , ※ SOURCE for Sief-e Muzaffar (eastern limit) « An archaeological survey of the coast of the Persian Gulf by Williamson identified three "concentrations of Sasanian settlements" at the Minab oasis, in the Siraf and Gavbandi regions, and on the Bushehr peninsula respectively from east to west. These areas were each connected to an inland center: Reishahr to Bishapur, Siraf to Gur and Hormoz to Kerman. The Bushehr peninsula and Siraf-Gavbandi zones correspond roughly to the coastal territories of Seif-e Al-e Abi Zuhair (Zohair Tribe Seashore) and Sief-e Muzaffar (Muzaffar Tribe Seashore) recorded in early Islamic sources from the 4th/10th century (229). The first zone stretched from Jannabah to Najiram and included the Bushehr peninsula. The latter was located between Najiram and Seif-e 'Omareh to the east of Siraf (230). A subdivision of the Siraf-Gavbandi zone is located 80 km to the east of Siraf and 25 km to the west of Lengeh. Although not mentioned by Williamson, this area also corresponds approximately to the Seif-e 'Omareh. fn. 229 Istakhri: 104-6, 140-2 fn. 230 Williamson, 1973: 104-6 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 52 Sief-e Muzaffar (western limit) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: Territory independent coordinate: lat 27.846622 long 51.835871 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sief-e Muzaffar (western limit) , ※ SOURCE for Sief-e Muzaffar (western limit) « An archaeological survey of the coast of the Persian Gulf by Williamson identified three "concentrations of Sasanian settlements" at the Minab oasis, in the Siraf and Gavbandi regions, and on the Bushehr peninsula respectively from east to west. These areas were each connected to an inland center: Reishahr to Bishapur, Siraf to Gur and Hormoz to Kerman. The Bushehr peninsula and Siraf-Gavbandi zones correspond roughly to the coastal territories of Seif-e Al-e Abi Zuhair (Zohair Tribe Seashore) and Sief-e Muzaffar (Muzaffar Tribe Seashore) recorded in early Islamic sources from the 4th/10th century (229). The first zone stretched from Jannabah to Najiram and included the Bushehr peninsula. The latter was located between Najiram and Seif-e 'Omareh to the east of Siraf (230). A subdivision of the Siraf-Gavbandi zone is located 80 km to the east of Siraf and 25 km to the west of Lengeh. Although not mentioned by Williamson, this area also corresponds approximately to the Seif-e 'Omareh. fn. 229 Istakhri: 104-6, 140-2 fn. 230 Williamson, 1973: 104-6 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 52 Sif torrent : stream grp 8 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM independent coordinate: lat 29.01739 long 50.920461 VARIANT names: Sif torrent , ※ SOURCE for Sif torrent « am Festlande selbst mündet ein Giessbach aus, an dessen Nordseite der Landungsplatz Šif liegt, wo Korn und Baumwolle ausgeführt wird. [A torrent flows out on the mainland itself, on the north side of which lies the Šif landing site, where grain and cotton are exported.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 63 Sifa : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786291 coordinate: lat 23.43046 long 58.77904 NIMA/GNS names: As Sifa , As Sifah , Sifa , Sifah , السيفة , VARIANT names: Sifa , ※ SOURCE for Sifa « That done, we held on our voyage until, the wind heading us, we anchored in Syfa, a haven of Arabia. After two days, getting a wind, we made sail and reached Mascàte, a port of the same land, » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ pp. 18 Sifa Maklab 2 : arch. site OMN UTM: DE372162 converted to coordinate: lat 26.3644627459768 long 56.3705400437802 VARIANT names: Sifa Maklab 2 , ※ SOURCE for Sifa Maklab 2 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 34 Siji : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -784336 coordinate: lat 25.247638 long 56.077192 NIMA/GNS names: Siji , Tawi as Siji , Tawi Siji , VARIANT names: Siji , ※ SOURCE for Siji « Or, we went to the mountain wadis where we spent the summers. In the summers, many families here went to date gardens at Idhn, Dhaid, Siji, or Falaj al-Mu'alla and there they lived in khaws, shelters made from date branches. » #2813 William Lancaster, Fidelity Lancaster, Honour is in Contentment Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighbouring Regions, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 2011 ~ p. 133 Sikan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085795 coordinate: lat 33.164 long 47.3342 NIMA/GNS names: Chaleh Siah , Shahid Sikani , Sikan , Sikun , چاله سياه , شهید سیکانی , VARIANT names: Sikan , Sikun , ※ SOURCE for Sikun « On March 16th we moved first westwards across low gypsum hillocks for 4 miles to the collection of small hamlets known as Sikün. It occupies a position not unlike that of Dar-i-shahr, at the mouth of a narrow valley amply watered by a stream which descends from the Kabir-koh below a peak rising to more than 10,000 feet. The valley is well cultivated and holds a fort of Ghulam Rizā Khān, a local chief entrusted at the time with the control of the Saimareh tract. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 208 Siku'i : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085804 coordinate: lat 26.2755 long 57.2322 NIMA/GNS names: Sikooh , Siku'i , سيكوئی , VARIANT names: Sakui , Siku'i , ※ SOURCE for Sakui « 9-45 passed through the village of Sakui, and 10-45 arrived at Karut. Distance 16 miles. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 32 Simkan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.651945 long 53.168263 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: As-Simakan , Simkan , ※ SOURCE for As-Simakan « as-Simakān VI C4 Site à 28°37' N et 53°02' E Iran Cité de la circonscription d'Ardašir I 104, 120, Η 267, 275, Hur 44, F 201, Muq 52, 422 Yaq II, 399, LS 253, Schw 72, DKI 213-14 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. ※ SOURCE for Simkan « According to Mustawfi ... Below Khabr the Sakkán river turned south, following a sinuous course through the district of Simkân, the town of Simkân being near its left bank at the junction of a great affluent coming from Dârâbjird on the east (2). ... According to Mustawfi, Simkan was a (me town standing on the stream where this was crossed by a bridge; and it was remarkable that all the lands above the bridge produced trees of the cold region only, such as the plane (Chinar) and the nut;fn. 2 Ist. 105, 120. F. N. 71 6, 72 a, 81 a, 83 a, 86 a. Yak. ii. 399. Mst. 172, 173, 179. This district is now called Sîmâkûn, and often by mistake written Akun on the maps. See E. Stack, Six Months in Persia, ii. 232. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 253-4 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 19.956095 long 72.879037 VARIANT names: Simylla , ※ SOURCE for Simylla owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Simylla, 72.879037, 19.956095, IN, nkn, approx, 152, tmcIRa0100_032a » NIMA/GNS feature: PRVU independent coordinate: lat 24.8 long 67.8 VARIANT names: Sind , ※ SOURCE for Sind location/feature selected by pbr NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.863909 long 50.273358 † basis (approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Chiniz , Shiniz , Shíníz , Siniz , Xinis , ※ SOURCE for Chiniz « Chiniz » in {map#1093 A New and Accurate Map of Persia, with the adjacent Countries Drawn, Emanuel Bowen, 1747, Barry Lawrence Ruderman Antique Maps Stock 78799} see AHduGP map 91 ※ SOURCE for Shiniz « The next port down the Gulf, east of Mahrubán, was Siniz or Shiniz, whose ruins lie on the creek now called Bandar Daylam. Istakhri describes the place as larger than Mahruban in the 4th (10th) century. There was a small bay (Khawr), and the town lay half a league from the open sea; the climate here was very hot, and date palms grew abundantly. Mukaddasi speaks of the mosque and the palace of the governor, and of the markets as being well provided with wares. According to Yakut, Siniz was half ruined by the Carmathians, who sacked the port in 321 (933). The Fars Namah however, and Mustawfi, in the 6th and 8th (12th and 14th) centuries, speak of it still as a flourishing place, where flax was grown and much linen made. The port was defended by a fortress (Hisâr), and the oil for lamps that came from its district was exported far and wide (1). fn. 1 Ist. 34, 128. Muk. 426. N. K. 9o. Yak. i. 502; iii. 221. F. N. 78b, 79a. Mst. 178.» #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 273 ※ SOURCE for Shíníz « This gulf has a triangular shape, at one angle el-Obollah is situated, thence the gulf extends towards the east along Faris. Of the places situated on this coast, we name Persian Daurak دورق الغرس Máherbán [arabic] (Mahrúbán), and Shíníz; from this town the embroidered Shinízee cloth has its name; for this and other sorts of clothes are manufactured there: farther the town of Jannábah, has its الثياب الجنابية whence the Janabeen clothes name; the town of Najíram belonging to » #228 El Masudi trans. Aloys Springer, El Masudi's Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems, Oriental Translation Fund, London, 1841 ~ p. 266 ※ SOURCE for Siniz [coordinates based on the following source. PBR] « After Mehruban and in the east next to it, Siniz or Shiniz Gulf is located, whose remains are in the place of the current Dilam port. We must read Le Strange's last sentence carefully His insight has corrected it in the way that the remains of it around the Jalgah are the current Dilam Port location, and the Siniz site was also in Khor Imam Hassan, Hesar village, and Imam Hassan village, and it was right in Settlement: It has not been present. » #3032 Ahmed Iqtidari, As_ār-i shahrhā-yi bāstāni-i savāḥil va jazā'ir-i Khalij-i Fārs va Daryā-yi ?Umān (The remains of the ancient cities of the coasts and islands of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of ??Oman), Organization of National Antiquities, Tehran, 1348 (1967/8) ~ (The remains of the ancient cities of the coasts and islands of the Persian Gulf and the Sea of ??Oman), Organization of National Antiquities, Tehran, 1348 (1967/8) ~ p. 9 [text is google translation from the original Persian. PBR] « The two generals, having joined forces, penetrated deeply into Fårs, capturing Shiraz; in the north the town of Siniz (the ruins of which are near Ganála (Diannaba)) also fell into their hands. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 2 p. 811 « Another region which produced flax and had a linen industry was the Persian province of Färs. There the towns Siniz, Kāzarûn and Tawwadi had in the 4th/10th and 5th/11th centuries linen factories which were famous for their products. Shirāz, Djannābā and the small towns of Dariz and Furdi exported linen fabrics to other provinces of Persia. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 4 p. 774 « 13. SINIZ, a town on the sea-shore, very pleasant and with a salubrious (durust) climate. All the sinizi-textiles come from there. » #2901 V Minorsky, Hudud Al Alam The Regions Of The World, Luzac and printed at the University Press, Oxford, for the Trustees of the 'EJW Gibb Memorial', London, 1937 ~ p. 127 « Mas'udi then defines the boundaries of the Gulf in detail, from its head downward. He says that on its eastern shore it skirts the coasts of Ahwaz and Fa Dawraq, Mahruban, Siniz, Jannaba, Najiram, the Sif Ibn Umara, the coast of Kirman of Hormuz, and then Makran and Sind. » #760 Bosworth C. Edmund, Decorative Printed Maps of the 15th to 18th Centuries, Journal of the Society for Iranian Studies, Michigan, 1997 (winter/spring), 30:1-2:77-94 ~ p. 84 « The ruins of Siniz were identified near the village of Imam Hassan, 20 km south of Bandar-e Deylam toward Ganaveh. These ruins are located east, west and north of the village, stretching 2-3 km in each direction around it (178). As is clearly stated in the early Islamic sources, Siniz was located between Mahruban and Jannabah (179). Thus Schwartz’s identification of Siniz with the modern town of Deylam appears inaccurate (180). fn. 178 Afshar Sistani, 1376Š: 82; Eqtedari, 1348Š: 17 f n. 179 Istakhri: 34; Ibn-e Howqal: 260 fn. 180 Schwartz, 1969/1382Š: 167 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 40 ※ SOURCE for Xinis « Xinis » in {map#998 Imperii Persici delineatio ex Scriptis Geographicis Arabum et Persa- rum tentata ab Hadr, Christoph Weigel, 1718, götzfried Antique Maps, Reference 12032} see AHduGP map 97 Sinjiri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3391111 coordinate: lat 31.6205556 long 65.5316667 NIMA/GNS names: Senjaray , Sinjari , Sinjiri , VARIANT names: Jangeri , Sanjarai , Seriabe , Sinjiri , ※ SOURCE for Jangeri « 2. Jangeri (5 miles-12 miles). - Water procured from an irriga-tion canal drawn from the Argandab, the river one mile distant south-east; forage for camels and horses procurable. The road stony in some places but generally good; there is an abrupt descent into the bed of the Argandab river, which is easily fordable. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 331 ※ SOURCE for Sanjarai « SINJIRI Or SANJARAIسنجری31-37 65-33 m. A collection of villages, containing about 126 houses with 360 inhabitants, said to be Alikozai by Biscoe, and classed as Kizilbash, Alikozai, and Popalzai by Stewart, which gives its name to a camping ground, 4.2 miles beyond Kohkaran, and 11.2 miles from the Herat gate of the city of Kandahar on the road to Girishk. » #3495 Adamec, Ludwig W, Historical and political gazetteer of Afghanistan, Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 1972 ~ vol. 5 p. 457 ※ SOURCE for Seriabe « and went ten c. to a village called Seriabe.(11) fn. 11 We here lose the almost infallible guide of Arrowsmith's excellent map of Hindoostan, and are reduced to much inferior helps in following the route through Persia.-E. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ p. 213 « Steel and Crowther noted that after ten courses they arrived at a village called Seriabe. Coverte's Langor therefore may be a copyist's error for Sangor, while Steel's Seriabe may also be a corrupt rendering of the correct form of the halting place referred to, mostly likely Sungzirie, according to a nineteenth-century map, or Sinjiri, as it is called nowadays. (51) fn. 51. 'Sinjiri on the road to Girishk 11.2 miles. The next stop was Khoshk-e Nakhod. Adamec, Historical Gazetteer of Afghanistan, vol. 5, p. 457. On Biddulph's map the village is called Sungzirie located on the banks of the Argand Ab; on the other side of the river the village of Kokoran was located. Biddulph. "Pishin and the routes.' » #3499 Floor, Willem, Arduous travelling: the Qandahar-Isfahan highway in the seventeenth century, in: eds. W. Floor and E. Herzig, Iran and the world in the Safavid Age., I. B. Tauris, London, 2012, pp. 208-235 ~ p. 216 ※ SOURCE for Sinjiri « Sinjiri » in {map#1234 , , , 'Persia, Afghanistan and Beluchistan' [?26r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/623, f 26, in Qatar Digital Library fig. } « SINJIRI Or SANJARAIسنجری31-37 65-33 m. A collection of villages, containing about 126 houses with 360 inhabitants, said to be Alikozai by Biscoe, and classed as Kizilbash, Alikozai, and Popalzai by Stewart, which gives its name to a camping ground, 4.2 miles beyond Kohkaran, and 11.2 miles from the Herat gate of the city of Kandahar on the road to Girishk. Just before reaching the camping-ground, which is to the westward of the last of the Sinjiri hamlets, the road crosses the Sang Hisar canal, 30 feet broad, by a bridge 8 feet wide of two arches, which was fit for artillery in January 1879, but would require strengthening to carry heavy vehicles.There is a direct road from Sinjiri to Kushk-i-Nakhud. Rice and Indian-corn are much cultivated near the village; firewood and forage are plentiful, as also is water from the canal, and there is good camel-grazing on the banks of the river towards Ashikan. The latter village is situated two miles to the west of camp on the Sang Hisar canal, and contains several water-mills. Some care is required in selecting a path for camels sent to graze towards the river, as they are liable to become bogged in crossing the intervening ice-fields. A solitary hill near camp forms a good signalling station. (Biscoe, Brown, Stewart, I. B. C.) » #3495 Adamec, Ludwig W, Historical and political gazetteer of Afghanistan, Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 1972 ~ vol. 5 p. 457 Sir Abu NuAir : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -784355 coordinate: lat 25.233053 long 54.218101 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Siri Bu Naybar , Jezirat Sir Bu Na`air , Sir Abu Nu`air , Sir Abu Nu`ayr , Sir bu Na`air Island , Sir Bu Nu`air , Sir Bu Nu`ayr , VARIANT names: Sir Abu Nu’ayr , Sir Abu NuAir , Zara , ※ SOURCE for Sir Abu Nu’ayr « Upon being informed by the British Residency Agent at Sharjah of what the Persian officials had said about the chiefs of Lengeh ruling Sirri on behalf of the Persian government, the Ruler of Sharjah once again reiterated his position that the islands of Sirri, as well as Abu Musa, Tunbs and Sir Abu Nu’ayr were all dependencies of the Qawásim of Oman » #2583 Charles L.O. Buderi, Luciana T. Ricart, The Iran-UAE Gulf Islands Dispute A Journey Through International Law, History and Politics, Brill, Leiden, 2018, ~ pp. 474-5 ※ SOURCE for Sir Abu NuAir « To make sure that the shaikhs fully understood this limitation, Hennell designated a line drawn between the islands of Abu Musa and Sirri as constituting the southern boundary of this highway, and he obtained from each of them a promise to confine their maritime conflicts to the south of this line. The following January, while Hennell was on furlough, the new Resident, Major James Morison, moved the restrictive line further from the Persian coast, after it had been pointed out to him by officers of the Gulf squadron that Abu Musa and Sirri were notorious pirate lairs. The new line ran from Sha'am, on the western side of the Musandam peninsula, to a point ten miles south of Abu Musa and onwards to the island of Sir Abu Nu'air.When the Qasimi chieftain, Sultan ibn Saqr, was informed of the change he protested that it prevented him from sending his dhows around Ras Musandam into the Gulf of 'Oman to defend his possessions around Khaur Fakkan. » #12 Kelly, John Barrett, Britain and the Persian Gulf 1795-1880, Oxford University Press, London, 1968 ~ p. 358 ※ SOURCE for Zara « while Iran is colored in pink and the Trucial States are colored in orange, the three islands of Abu Musa and the Tunbs are not assigned either color, whereas some other islands are assigned either the Iranian (e.g. Qishm) or Arabian (e.g. Zara [Sir Abu Nu’ayr]) colors. » #2583 Charles L.O. Buderi, Luciana T. Ricart, The Iran-UAE Gulf Islands Dispute A Journey Through International Law, History and Politics, Brill, Leiden, 2018, ~ p. 807 « Zara » in {map#1096 Persia with a part of Cabul and the adjacent countries, Arrowsmith, Aaron Jr., 1828, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 0035.027} Sir Bani Yas Island : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: AIRF UFI: 14524842 coordinate: lat 24.28306 long 52.58111 NIMA/GNS names: Sir Bani Yas Island , VARIANT names: Seer Beni Yass , Seir Beni Yass , Sir Bani Yas Island , ※ SOURCE for Seer Beni Yass « Seer Beni Yass » in {map#1096 Persia with a part of Cabul and the adjacent countries, Arrowsmith, Aaron Jr., 1828, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 0035.027} ※ SOURCE for Seir Beni Yass « Seir Beni Yass » in {map#910 Map of Arabia, Published by J. Walker, Geographer to the Honble East India Company, 1849, British Library, IOR/X/3206} ※ SOURCE for Sir Bani Yas Island « The insular possessions of the Shaikh of Abu Dhabi are the islands of Arzanah, Daiyinah, Dalmah, Das, Qarnain, Salali, Yas and Zirko » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915, ~ vol. 2 p. 406 « It is in these shallow waters that some of the best pearl banks in the Gulf are found, and the salt plug islands such as Dalma, which has fresh water all the year round, Sir Bani Yās, Zirkü, Dās and Halūl form natural anchorages for the pearling fleets in summer and fishing boats in winter. » #130 Wilkinson, John C., A Sketch of the Historical Geography of the Trucial Oman down to the beginning of the 16th Century, The Geographical Journal, London, 1964 130:3:337-49 ~ p. 337 Sirch : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085872 coordinate: lat 30.197926 long 57.562761 NIMA/GNS names: Sirch , Sirj , Siroch , Siruj , سیرچ , VARIANT names: Sirch , Sirdj, 2 Cypressen : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.2030555555556 long 57.4166666666667 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Sirdj, 2 Cypressen , ※ SOURCE for Sirdj, 2 Cypressen « Ortsbestimmungen zwischen Kermån und Enar.. Breite Länge Sirdj, 2 Cypressen +30 12 11 57 25 0 Breite v. St. John. » #3278 A. Houtum Schindler, Reisen im südlichen Persien 1879, Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin, 1881 vol. 16: pp. 307-66 ~p. 359 Sirik : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746499 coordinate: lat 26.5151 long 57.1032 NIMA/GNS names: Kaneki , Sirik , سيريک , كنكی , VARIANT names: Serik , Sirik , ※ SOURCE for Serik « At 9-20 passed the village of Tahruy; at 10-30 passed another village called Serik. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 31 Sirjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085890 coordinate: lat 29.437045 long 55.680229 NIMA/GNS names: Sa`idabad , Sirjan , سیرجان , VARIANT names: Saidabad , Sirdjan , Sirjan , ※ SOURCE for Saidabad « Saidabad » in {map#1186 in #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7 45:648-60 fig. Marco Polo's Route as fixed by Captain Sykes} « 4th April) Saidabad, 8 farsakhs ; 7 a.m. to 4 p.m. Next day we marched down the plain to Saidabad, » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 178 « At about the 18th mile we reached Saidabad, the principal village in Sirjan, containing some 500 houses, and a small bazar of 150 shops, 20 or 25 of which latter retail the manufactures of Manchester. A number of small traders with the country around reside here. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 65 ※ SOURCE for Sirdjan « Deprived of its political status and without any large agricultural production in the surrounding enclave (because of the inadequate water supplies), Sirdjan was quickly reduced to secondary importance. In the 14th century it repeatedly suffered wartime devastations, and in 1411 it was destroyed by the Timurid Iskandar b. 'Umar Shaykh, who then deported the survivors to nearby Bimand. At the end of the 18th century a new town, Sa'idabad, was founded 10 km from Old Sirdjan, and eventually this settlement took over the name Sirdjan as well. »#3112 Peter Christensen, The Decline of Iranshahr: Irrigation and Environment in the Middle East, 500 bc–ad 1500, Bloomsbury Publishing Limited, London, 2015 ~ p. 183 ※ SOURCE for Sirjan « And from Yezd I proceeded to Sirjan (25) fn. 25 Kashan, Nain, Sirjan and Tarum, Iranian towns. » #623 Nikitin, Athanasy, Khozhenie za tri moria Afanasiia Nikitina, 1466-1472 gg. (Afansy Nikitin's Voyage beyond the Three Seas, 1466-1472), Moskva, 1960, ~ p. 109 « The capital of Kirman was transferred in the tenth century from Sirjan to Bardasir, further from the borders of Fars, but the road network remained centred on Sirjan, from where it radiated eastwards towards Khurasan and Sistan, southwards towards Jiruft and Hormuz and Siraf. » #891 Aubin, Jean, La ruine de Siraf et les routes du Golfe Persique aux XIe et XIIe siecles, Cahiers de civilisation medievale, Univ. de Poitiers, 1959, X-XII:3:295-301 ~ p. 295 « Tomaschek in his basic study of Iran in the Roman itineraries noted Pantyene/Pathienas as the first station (at sixty parasangs or 200 miles) on the route from Persepolis to the Fish-eaters, and he convincingly fixed it at Sirjan on the western border of Karmania. His identification of this name with the Panthialaioi of Herodotus would give another territorial siting on the east flank of Fars, and we begin to get some idea of the spread of the different divisions of people who had come to be recognized as Persians. » #250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983, ~ p. 40 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.65563 long 55.26158 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Basidu point , Bassadore Point , Cirimião , Çirimião , Mion , Sar-miyan , Sermião , Sermion , Ser-Mion , Serron , Sirmion , ※ SOURCE for Basidu point « you will sight Básidu point shortly after passing Ras Dastakán . » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 232 ※ SOURCE for Bassadore Point « It winds from hence, between low swampy islands and sand-banks to Point Bassadore, the N.W. extremity of Kishm, and is usually from 1 to 2 miles in breadth between the shoals or islands on either side. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1852 ~ vol. 1 p. 408 ※ SOURCE for Cirimião « CIRIMIÃO, lugar de-Localidade de um dos extremos da ilha Kishm, à en- trada do golfo Pérsico, que não conseguimos identificar. [Diogo do Couto - Da Asia]. [CIRIMIÃO, lugar de-Localidade de um dos extremos da ilha Kishm, à en- trada do golfo Pérsico, que não conseguimos identificar. [Diogo do Couto - Da Asia].] [CIRIMIÃO, place of Locality at one of the extremes of the island of Kishm, at the entrance to the Persian Gulf, which we have not been able to identify. [Diogo do Couto - From Asia]. [CIRIMIÃO, place of Locality at one end of the island of Kishm, at the entrance to the Persian Gulf, which we were unable to identify. [Diogo do Couto - From Asia].]]» #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 252 « Eftá efta Ilha de Queixome affaftada da de Ormuz pera a cofta de Arabia duas leguas; ferá de trinta de comprido, e de duas, e em partes de tres de largo: começa em hum lugar chamado Laphta, e acaba em outro que fe chama Cirimião, que he a ponta mais de dentro. Os Turcos andáram nella muitos dias, porque a correram toda, e depois de fartos, e cheios fe embarcáram, e fe foram pera Baçorá. [The island of Queixome is separated from that of Ormuz by two leagues from the coast of Arabia; it shall be thirty in length, and two, and in parts three in width: it begins at a place called Laphta, and ends at another which is called Cirimião, which is the innermost point. The Turks walked on it for many days, because they ran all over it, and when they were fed up and full, they got on board and left for Basra.] » #1858 João de Barros e de Diogo do Couto, Da Asia, Na Regia officina typografica, Lisboa, 1777 ~ Decada Sexta. Parte Segunda p. 426 « Efta ilha de Queixome eftà diftante da de Ormuz para a cofla da arabia, duas legoas (inda que noutra informação achey que erao cinco) tera de comprido trinta lo goas, e de largo duas, e em al gūas partes tres, começa em hum lugar chamado Lafta, e acaba em outro que fe chama Cirimião, que he a ponta mais de dentro. [This island of Queixome is different from that of Ormuz to the coast of Arabia, two leagues (although in other information I found that there were five) it will be thirty leagues long, and two leagues wide, and in some parts three, it begins in a place called Lafta, and ends in another one called Cirimião, which has the innermost point.] » #2903 Francisco de Andrade, Cronica do muyto alto e muito poderoso rey destes reynos de Portugal dom Ioão o III. deste nome, etc Parte IIII, Na Real officina da Universidade, Coimbra, 1796 ~ p. 383 « An der Südküste von Kišm folgen kleine Landvorsprünge, z. B. Râs Tarkûn und Nemekdân; hinter Râs Dastakân springt die Südwestspitze Sar-miyân vor; vgl. o lugar Çirimião Do Couto VI, 10, 4, Sermion Teixeira. Am Nordwestende 26° 39' 12" N. 55° 16' 15" O. liegt Bâs-i-dûh, die vormals portugiesische fortaleza Baçidô oder Basadore, Basidon bei Balbi; die Springfluth steigt hier bis 8'; [On the south coast of Kišm follow small promontories, e.g. B. Râs Tarkûn and Nemekdân; behind Râs Dastakân the southwestern point of Sar-miyân juts out; cf. o lugar Çirimião Do Couto VI, 10, 4, Sermion Teixeira. At the northwest end 26° 39' 12" N. 55° 16' 15" E. lies Bâs-i-dûh, the formerly Portuguese fortaleza Baçidô or Basadore, Basidon near Balbi; the spring tide here rises to 8';] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 50 ※ SOURCE for Çirimião coordinates taken from GE « An der Südküste von Kišm folgen kleine Landvorsprünge, z. B. Râs Tarkûn und Nemekdân; hinter Râs Dastakân springt die Südwestspitze Sar-miyân vor; vgl. o lugar Çirimião Do Couto VI, 10, 4, Sermion Teixeira. Am Nordwestende 26° 39' 12" N. 55° 16' 15" O. liegt Bâs-i-dûh, die vormals portugiesische fortaleza Baçidô oder Basadore, Basidon bei Balbi; die Springfluth steigt hier bis 8'; [On the south coast of Kišm follow small promontories, e.g. B. Râs Tarkûn and Nemekdân; behind Râs Dastakân the southwestern point of Sar-miyân juts out; cf. o lugar Çirimião Do Couto VI, 10, 4, Sermion Teixeira. At the northwest end 26° 39' 12" N. 55° 16' 15" E. lies Bâs-i-dûh, the formerly Portuguese fortaleza Baçidô or Basadore, Basidon near Balbi; the spring tide here rises to 8';] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 50 CIRIMIÃO, lugar de-Localidade de um dos extremos da ilha Kishm, à en- trada do golfo Pérsico, que não conseguimos identificar. [Diogo do Couto - Da Asia]. [CIRIMIÃO, lugar de-Localidade de um dos extremos da ilha Kishm, à en- trada do golfo Pérsico, que não conseguimos identificar. [Diogo do Couto - Da Asia].] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 252 ※ SOURCE for Mion « Mion » in {map#1030 Carte Du Golfe Persique, Apres de Mannevillette, Jean-Baptiste-Nicolas-Denis d', 1810, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 13102.038} « Bacido » and « Mion » distinctly apart in {map#363 Carte du Golfe Persique depuis Bassora jusqu'au Cap Rasalgate, D'apres De Mannevillette, 1775, } ※ SOURCE for Sar-miyan « An der Südküste von Kišm folgen kleine Landvorsprünge, z. B. Râs Tarkûn und Nemekdân; hinter Râs Dastakân springt die Südwestspitze Sar-miyân vor; vgl. o lugar Çirimião Do Couto VI, 10, 4, Sermion Teixeira. Am Nordwestende 26° 39' 12" N. 55° 16' 15" O. liegt Bâs-i-dûh, die vormals portugiesische fortaleza Baçidô oder Basadore, Basidon bei Balbi; die Springfluth steigt hier bis 8'; [On the south coast of Kišm follow small promontories, e.g. B. Râs Tarkûn and Nemekdân; behind Râs Dastakân the southwestern point of Sar-miyân juts out; cf. o lugar Çirimião Do Couto VI, 10, 4, Sermion Teixeira. At the northwest end 26° 39' 12" N. 55° 16' 15" E. lies Bâs-i-dûh, the formerly Portuguese fortaleza Baçidô or Basadore, Basidon near Balbi; the spring tide here rises to 8';] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890 vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 50 ※ SOURCE for Sermião « SERMIÃO, porto de-v. Sirmion, porto de. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p.154 ※ SOURCE for Sermion « SERMION, porto de-v. Sirmion, porto de. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 154 « Sermion » and « Bacido » distinctly apart in {map#1038 Carte manuscrite de l'entrée du golfe Persique, Jean-Baptiste d' Anville, 1758, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6753)} « Sermion » and « Bacido » distinctly apart in {map#48 Asie 1, Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon, 1751, David Rumsey Map Collection List No: 2603.005} « Bacido » and « Sermion » together in {map#52 Persia, Pinkerton, John, 1811, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 0732.000} Außerdem berichtet Teixeira: Kišm hat Brunnen mit gutem Wasser, aus denen Hurmuz gewöhnlich seinen Bedarf deckt, freilich auch von andern Orten, es stehen ihm weiter Karuèz, Angan (h. Hanjam I.) zur Verfügung" (2, 65). Besonders genannt wird auf der Insel Kišm der Ort Sermion. Die Besetzung dieses Ortes durch Hurmuz sperrt den Schiffen von Kais die Erneuerung ihrer Wasservorräte (2, 20). [In addition, Teixeira reports: Kišm has wells with good water, from which Hurmuz usually covers his needs, of course also from other places, Karuèz, Angan (modern Hanjam I) are also available to him" (2, 65). Specially mentioned becomes the place Sermion on the island of Kišm The occupation of this place by Hurmuz prevents the ships of Kais from replenishing their water supplies (2, 20).] #2115 Schwarz, Paul, Hurmuz, Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Wiesbaden, 1914, Bd. 68 ~ p. 538 ※ SOURCE for Ser-Mion «Ser-Mion » in {map#990 Golfe Persique. Dresse en 1758 et publie en 76, Anville, Jean Baptiste Bourguignon, 1776, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 2603.025} see AHduGP map 75 « et qui connoissoit le golfe Persique pour y avoir navigué, que vers la pointe de Kesem ou Kismis, et un peu en dedans du canal qui se termine à Ser-Mion, » #2885 D. T. Potts, The Portuguese on Qeshm, in: ed. Rudi Matthee and Jorge Flores, Portugal, the Persian Gulf and Safavid Persia, Peeters, Brussels, 2011, pp. 99-118 ~ p. 116 « et qui connoiffoit le golfe Perfique pour y avoir navigué, que vers la pointe de Kefem ou Kifmis, et un peu en dedans du canal qui fe termine à Ser-Mion, … établi aux environs de cette ville; et dans Pietro-della-Valle, qui étoit en Perfe peu d'années après, il eft mention d'un Arabe des environs de Mafcate, également diftingué par le nom de Raffet. La ville dont je viens de parler fe nomme Bacido: [and who knew the Persian Gulf from having sailed there, only towards the point of Kefem or Kifmis, and a little inside the channel which ends at Ser-Mion, … established in the vicinity of this city; and in Pietro-della-Valle, which was in Perfe a few years later, there is mention of an Arab from the vicinity of Mafcate, also distinguished by the name of Raffet. The city of which I have just spoken is called Bacido:] » #2907 M. d'Anville, Recherches ge´ographiques sur le golfe Persique, et sur les bouches de l'Euphrate et du Tigre. In Mémoires de Littérature, Tirés des Registres de l'Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Tome Trentième., De l'imprimerie Royale, Paris, 1764 pp. 132-197 ~ pp. 151-2 ※ SOURCE for Serron « (1) The Portuguese side promises not to allow [direct) trade with Basra, Qatif and Mokha, except for the date trade, but will force traders to call on Kong (8): the same held for the Portuguese trading from India. In return, the Portuguese will receive the moiety of the customs of Kong. [683] Because the Portuguese have allowed the following ports to fall into disuse they will try to revive them again, unless the Persian side will do so. The names of the ports are: Tgette [Gwadar], Dowon [Dovvan], Sepas [Suru?], Keppe [?], Kong, Abhermalaham [?], Serron,(9) Beniemhalla [?], Tgier [Jazireh al- Tavileh? or Qeshm ], Piery [?]. Arekaffon (Khur Fukkan?], and Sael [Sohar?]. fn. 8 Foster, English Factories 1630-1634, p. 140 (17/03/1631) ("there hath half the customs given him for ment of trade to that port by passing all jouncks and India vessels under convoy of his friggotts in the tyme of our procure- shipping att port."). In 1642, followsering a debate held in Goa among members of the State Council on liberalizing the rice trade made through Masqat, mention is made to allow all Portuguese subjects to engage freely in rice trade with ports that were open to them, or where they went regularly. None of the other possible ports is men- tioned, which implies that Goa had no knowledge of them leaving this matter entirely in the hands of Masqat. Finally, a decision was taken about an earlier request made by D. Duarte Lobo to open more Safavid ports to Portuguese shipping. The State Council only authorized him to frequent Dowraq (Doreca) and Bahrain, which were Safavid ports indeed, but meaningfully one was situated inland, near the mouth of the Shatt al-Arab on the Jarrah River, and the other near the Arabian coast. ACE, vol. 2-135, p. 378 (19/11/1642). fn. 9 Serron Sermion, see Tomaschek, Wilhelm. Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs p. 50, "An der Südküste von Kism folgen kleine Landvorsprünge, z.B. Rás Tarkún und Namekdan; hinter Rås Dastakân springt die Südwestspitze Sar-miyân vor. Couto, Asia, 6-X-iv VI (Çirimao). See also for Sermion in Teixeira, Travels, PP 19-20 as well as Bourguignon d'Anville, 'Recherches géographiques sur le Golfe persique et sur les bouches de l'Euphrate et du Tigre, Mémoires de littérature, tirés des registres de l'Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres 30 (1744): 150-151, La pointe occidental de Kesem, don't Bender-Congo est distant d'environ une lieu et demie, se nomme Ser-Mion, ou Ras-el-Mion. » #1596 Floor, Willem, The Persian Gulf: A Political and Economic History of Five Port Cities 1500-1730, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2006 ~ p. 431 ※ SOURCE for Sirmion « SIRMION, porto de Bassadore ou Basidu, em 26° 39' lat. N. e 55° 17' long. E., na ilha de Kishm ou Jezirat-at-Tawilla, no estreito de Ormuz. . » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 165 Sirri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3085901 coordinate: lat 25.908333 long 54.531667 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Sirri , Jazireh Sari , Jazireh-e Siri , Jazireh-ye Sirri , Jazireh-ye Sorri , Jezirat Sirri , Sari Island , Sirri , Sirri Island , جزيره سيری , جزيرۀ سری , جزيرۀ سيری , VARIANT names: Sirri , Soury I. , Surde or Surdy Island , Surdy , ※ SOURCE for Sirri « For its part, the Qawásim Rulers of Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah, supported by the British, countered these arguments with a list of historical assertions and counter-assertions of their own. It was thus maintained that all three of the islands, as well as the island of Sirri, were historically used by and belonged to the Qawásim rulers, and that their ownership could be traced to a time prior to the establishment of Qawásim governance of Lengeh and the settlement of certain Qasimi family members there in the eighteenth century. » #2583 Charles L.O. Buderi, Luciana T. Ricart, The Iran-UAE Gulf Islands Dispute A Journey Through International Law, History and Politics, Brill, Leiden, 2018 ~ p.110 ※ SOURCE for Soury I. « I. Soury » in {map#980 Plan particulier du golfe de Perse, depuis les caps de Rosalgatte et de Jasque, jusqu'à Bassora / [d'Après de Mannevillette] ; Dheulland sculp, Anonyme, Guillaume Dheulland, Graveur, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6746)} see AHduGP map 74 ※ SOURCE for Surde or Surdy Island « SURDE, OR SURDY ISLAND, in lat. about 25° 50' N., 9 leagues to the westward of Bomosa, and 8 leagues to the south of Polior, is about 6 miles in length from N. E. to S. W., and 4 miles broad. From the N. W. end a reef of rocks projects out 2 miles, but the southern part of the island is clear, where the town is situated. At this place, there is said to be anchorage, also water and refreshments may be obtained at moderate prices. There are 3 hills on the island, 2 of them near each other; and the third, which is the highest, and farther to the southward, has near it a white pagoda. » #2590 James Horsburgh, The India Directory Or, Directions for Sailing to and from the East Indies, China, Australia, and the Interjacent Ports of Africa and South America, Black, Parbury and Allen, London, 1817: 1852 ~ p. 260 ※ SOURCE for Surdy « Abandoned Late Islamic villages with ruined Slone architecture are also found on islands wh.ich are nol mentioned by the Rumaythat correspondents. for e.ample on Sir Bani Vas, at sites SBYI4 and SBY21 (King 1998: 30-3 1. 38). Whitelock (1936: 44) also mentions “the remains of a town” on “Surdy.” Surdy probably refers to Sirri, an island close 10 the PerSian coast (l60km north of Abu Dhabi and 60km south of Persian coast). » #2817 Robert Carter, The History and Prehistory of Pearling in the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 2005 vol. 48:no. 2:pp. 139-209 ~ p. 177 Sissun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085936 coordinate: lat 28.5168 long 53.2773 NIMA/GNS names: Sissun , Sistan , Sistan-e `Olya , Sistan-e Bala va Shir Habib , Sisun , سیستان علیا , VARIANT names: Sissun , ※ SOURCE for Sissun « Sissun » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Site B Great Mosque, Siraf : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.667301 long 52.334972 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Site B Great Mosque, Siraf , ※ SOURCE for Site B Great Mosque, Siraf « Fig. 2. Siraf. The western part of the city. » #3004 David Whitehouse, Excavations at Sirāf: Sixth Interim Report, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1974 vol. 12:pp. 1-30 ~ p. 6 Site J : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.667264 long 52.320237 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Site J , ※ SOURCE for Site J « Fig. 2. Siraf. The western part of the city. » #3004 David Whitehouse, Excavations at Sirāf: Sixth Interim Report, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1974 vol. 12:pp. 1-30 ~ p. 6 Site K Siraf : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.670672 long 52.339743 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Site K Siraf , ※ SOURCE for Site K Siraf « 2. Site K. A Palatial Residence (12) In 1970-71 we began to excavate a group of buildings on the crest of the ridge separating Shilau valley from the coastal plain. Surface remains suggested that the complex was more than 150 m. long and 75 m. wide. On the south side, where the ridge slopes gently down towards the sea, was a curtain wall visible intermittently for I o8 m. No such wall was necessary on the north side, where the ridge falls away precipitously into Shilau valley. Excavation at the west end of the complex revealed that the area had been terraced to accommodate two buildings: on the " lower platform ", a structure measuring at least 28 X 20 m. and, on the " upper platform ", an imposing structure measuring at least 37 x 38 m. and containing more than thirty rooms. The position and exceptional size of the complex appeared to justify the adjective “palatial”. 12 Sirdf V, pp. 72-74. » #3004 David Whitehouse, Excavations at Sirāf: Sixth Interim Report, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1974 vol. 12:pp. 1-30 ~ p. 9 Site O Monumental Cemetery Siraf : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.675094 long 52.330092 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Site O Monumental Cemetery Siraf , ※ SOURCE for Site O Monumental Cemetery Siraf « Site O Monumental Cemetery Siraf » in {map#1127 Fig. 2. Siraf. The western part of the city., , , #3004 David Whitehouse, Excavations at Sirāf: Sixth Interim Report, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1974 vol. 12:pp. 1-30 ~} Sittajan river-bed : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.239383 long 52.112968 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Rodbal Settjan , Sittajan river-bed , ※ SOURCE for Rodbal Settjan « 2. Second house: Rodbal Settjan (Six Farsang). » #3161 Dr. Mohammad Ismail Ismaili Jolodar, A proposal to determine the location of the ancient port of Najiram based on the written texts of Sadr Islam and archaeological studies, rasekhoon.net/article/show/1012597/, 2013 ~ ※ SOURCE for Sittajan river-bed « From Shiraz to the coast districts (A'mil-i-Si), being 39 leagues. The first stage [from Shiraz] is in 7 leagues to Masaram, the second stage is 6 leagues to the Sittajan river-bed, the third stage is 3 leagues to Jirrah, the fourth stage is 4 leagues to Ghundijan, the fifth stage is 6 leagues to Rawn-adh-Dhiwan, the sixth stage is the sixth stage is in 6 leagues to Tawwaj, the seventh stage is 7 leagues to the coast.(1) fn. 1 Rudbal-i-Sittajan, "the river-bed of the Sittajau," appears to be the river otherwise called the Thakun (see above, p. 65, and cf. Ist. 130, 1. 6). Also it seems likely that the stages are inverted, and that Magaram should come after, south of, the river-bed. Rawa-adh-Dhtwän is identical with Ramm-Zavan already noticed (p. 43). » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ pp. 885-6 Sivand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085946 coordinate: lat 30.08 long 52.9228 NIMA/GNS names: Sivan , Sivand , سیوند , VARIANT names: Sivand , small caravanserai enclosed by a wall : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.242226 long 54.443136 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: small caravanserai enclosed by a wall , ※ SOURCE for small caravanserai enclosed by a wall « At 6 miles the summit of a saddle is reached. Here there is a small caravanserai enclosed by a wall which commands the road; a few men posted here could hold the road against a large force advancing from the N. on Bastak. The ground to either flank is steep and difficult of access. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 69 « At 1½ miles a broad stony ravine is entered, and at 3½ miles a small caravanserai and a bourkah are passed. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 8 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 38.416668 long 27.15 VARIANT names: Smyrna , ※ SOURCE for Smyrna owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Smyrna, 27.15, 38.416668, TR, nkn, exact, 73, tmcIRa0100_087a » Socotra : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -3192284 coordinate: lat 12.5 long 54 NIMA/GNS names: Jazirat Suqutra , Saqatri , Socotra , Sokotra , Soqotra , Sukutra , Suqutra , جزيرة سقطرى , سقطرى , VARIANT names: Çacotora , Dioscuris , Socotra , Soqotra , ※ SOURCE for Çacotora « ÇACOTORA, ilha de-A ilha Socotorá, Socotra ou Sokotra das cartas hodier- nas, em 12° 30' lat. N. e 50' long. E., próximo da entrada do golfo de Adém ou Aden. [Fernão Lopes de Castanheda-História do descobrimento e conquista da India pelos Portugueses]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 140 « Depois de Afonfo dalbuquerque ter feito efte falto lhe veo noua de quomo a fortalezade Cacotorá eftaua muito neçefsitada de matimétos, por cafoda guerra q lhe fazião hos fartaques, [After Afonso d'albuquerque had done and he missed seeing the new one of how the fortress of Cacotorá was built, it was much in need of matimétos, because of the bout of the war that made him feel fed up,] » #2892 GOIS, Damião de, Crónica do felicissimo Rei D. Manuel, Imprensa da Universidade, Coimbra, 1926 4 vols.: ~ vol. 2 ch. 35 pp. 110 ※ SOURCE for Dioscuris « Apart from the enumerated cities, many of which can be identified with known sites in Yemen, the description clearly contains echoes from Euhemerus and Iambulus.62 fn. 62 Of the cities Nascos is NSQ in al-Gawf, Nagar is Nagran, Maephe is Mayfaia inland from Qane, Taphra is Zafar, the residence of the Himyarites, and Dioscuris is Soqotra. Baraba could be a distortion of Marib(a). » #1411 Retso, Jan, The Arabs in Antiquity: Their History from the Assyrians to the Umayyads (NIAS Monograph), RoutledgeCurzon, 2002 ~ p. 515 ※ SOURCE for Soqotra « Apart from the enumerated cities, many of which can be identified with known sites in Yemen, the description clearly contains echoes from Euhemerus and Iambulus.62 fn. 62 Of the cities Nascos is NSQ in al-Gawf, Nagar is Nagran, Maephe is Mayfaia inland from Qane, Taphra is Zafar, the residence of the Himyarites, and Dioscuris is Soqotra. Baraba could be a distortion of Marib(a). » #1411 Retso, Jan, The Arabs in Antiquity: Their History from the Assyrians to the Umayyads (NIAS Monograph), RoutledgeCurzon, 2002 ~ p. 515 Sohar : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -789009 coordinate: lat 24.364297 long 56.746807 NIMA/GNS names: Al Sohar , As Sohar , As Suhar , Sohar , Suhar , صحار , VARIANT names: al-Mazun , Coar , Cofar , Cohar , Çohar , Coquiar , Çor , Sinjar , Soar , Sohar , Suhar , Wu-la , Wu-pa , Zarar , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Sohar FOR Omana [Miles], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Çohar FOR Omanæ [Sprenger], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Sohar FOR Omana [Wilkinson], ※ SOURCE for al-Mazun Persian name says Masudi ※ SOURCE for Coar « COAR; porto de - v. Soar, porto de. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C, p. 253 « ÇOAR, vila de - v. Soar, porto de. [Brás de Albuquerque-Comentários do grande Afonso de Albuquerque] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C, p. 253 « coar » in {map#1091 Carte de l'Afrique orientale et du Moyen-Orient, Holives, Jaime, 1572, Bibliothèque municipale de Valenciennes Ms 0488, f. 005} ※ SOURCE for Cofar « Cohar, Soar, Cofar [Portuguese name] Suhar [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Cohar « Cohar, Soar, Cofar [Portuguese name] Suhar [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Çohar « Wenn die Araber 'Omân als Stadtname ge- brauchen, so meinen sie Çohar; das ist also das Omanæ des Plinius, Omnæ ist mir unbekannt, Attance ist Chatt (§ 177) in anderer Form. » [When the Arabs use 'Omân as a city name, they mean Çohar; so this is Pliny's Omanæ, Omnæ is unknown to me, Attance is Chatt (§ 177) in another form.#1332 Sprenger, A., Die alte Geographie Arabiens, Commissionsverlag Von Huber als Comp; Meridian Publising Co., Bern; Amsterdam, 1875;1966 ~ p.124 ※ SOURCE for Coquiar « "En quittant cet endroit et en allant vers Hormuz, il Y a une autre place sur la côte, appelée Coquiar ( ~ o~ar) et ensuite Roçaque (3) où le roi de Hormuz possède un fort et, un peu plus à l'intériour, un endroit appelé Mael (version espagnole l'lTahel) et après vient le village de Profam (Khor Faghàn) » #233 Faroughy, Abbas, Histoire du Royaume de Hormuz depuis son origine jusqu'a son incorporation dans l'empire persan des Safavis en 1622, Bruxelles, 1949 ~ p. 11 ※ SOURCE for Çor « COR, vila de-Sur, em 20° 36' lat. N. e 41° 26' long. E., na Arábia. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C, p. 268 « ÇOR, porto de-Sur, em 22 35' lat. N. e 59° 32' long. E., no litoral de Omão e nas imediações do cabo Had ou ras El-Hadd. [Duarte Barbosa Livro de. Versão da Biblioteca de Barcelona]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C, p. 268 ※ SOURCE for Sinjar « SINJAR, porto de - V. Soar, porto de. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953, ~ vol. O-Z p. 163 « Sinjar en pays d'Oman plus important que Mascate qui se développera à l'époque portugaise, [Sinjar in the country of Oman more important than Muscat which will develop during the Portuguese era, ] » #644 Auber, J., Histoire de l'Ocean Indien, Societe Lilloise d'Imprimerie de Tananarive, 1955, ~ p. 196 ※ SOURCE for Soar « SOAR, porto de - Sohar, em 24° 22' lat. , N. e 56° 42' longo R, na costado golfo de Omão. [Brás de Albuquerque - Comentârios do grande · Afonso de Albuquerque]. » [SOAR, port of - Sohar, at 24° 22' lat. , N. and 56° 42' long R, on the shore of the Gulf of Oman. [Brás de Albuquerque - Commentaries of the great · Afonso de Albuquerque].] #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z, p. 166 « Cohar, Soar, Cofar [Portuguese name] Suhar [Arab name] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 « haverá oitenta e sete léguas de costa, em que jazem êstes lugares do mesmo reino: Calaiate, Curiate, Mascate, Soar, Calaja, Orfação, Doba e Lima, que fica oito léguas ante de chegar ao Cabo Muçandão » [there will be eighty-seven leagues of coast, in which these places of the same kingdom lie: Calaiate, Curiate, Muscat, Soar, Calaja, Orfação, Doba and Lima, which is eight leagues before reaching Cabo Muçandão] #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ vol. 1 p354 « Fortaleza de Soar A fortaleza de Soar esta sita pella costa adiante de Arabia em altura de vinte e quatro graos e meo, da banda do norte, hum tiro da pedra bom da borda' do mar. O porto he o centro de hua emceada descuberta, como em meo de hum meo arco do tamanho de vinte e quatro legoas de comprimento, cuja ponta primeira se ha-de ima ginar nos ilheos de Suavy, de que atras temos dito, e a outra estremidade num luguar a que chamão Corfacão², que dista outras doze legoas adeante de Soar, pera a parte do nor-noroeste. A forma da fortaleza he em coadro perfeito, com quatro beluartes nos catro cantos, com seus travezes e bombardeiras, que se defendem huns aos outros. Cada quartina de muro sera de setenta paços fora o ambito dos mesmos baluartes, que sam tambem coadrados, cada hum do tamanho de hua caza de des paços andantes de vão. O muro he de adobes cozidos e barro, con que fica bastantemente forte. Na raiz tem catorze palmos de largo, donde vem recolhendo pella conta de seu escarpe ate grosura de oito em sima a saber: sinco e meo de andaimo e dous³ e meo de parapeitos.[Fortress of Soar The fortress of Soar is located on the coast ahead of Arabia at a height of twenty-four and a half grains, on the northern side, a good stone's throw from the edge of the sea. The port is the center of an uncovered beginning, as in the measure of a half arc the size of twenty-four leagues in length, the first end of which can be imagined in the islets of Suavy, as mentioned above, and the other extremity in a place called Corfacão², which is another twelve leagues away from Soar, towards the north-northwest. The shape of the fortress is in perfect shape, with four bulwarks in the four corners, with their beams and bombs, which defend each other. Each quartine of wall will be seventy paces outside the scope of the same bulwarks, which are also enclosed, each one the size of a caza of walking spaces of vain. The wall is made of baked adobe and clay, which is quite strong. At the root it is fourteen palms wide, from where it gathers the skin of its escarpment to a thickness of eight in seven, namely: sinco and meo of scaffolding and two³ and meo of parapets.] » #821 Bocarro, António, O livro das plantas de todas as fortalezas, cidades e povoac¸o~es do estado da I´ndia Oriental, Imprensa Nacional, Lisboa, 1937-40: 1992 Series: 442 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 pp. 55-57 ※ SOURCE for Sohar #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 122 note 13 « The Persians also seized Khor Fakkan from the Portuguese in 1622, but their success was short-lived. In 1623 Ruy Freire de Andrade ejected the Persians from Khor Fakkan though he was himself shortly afterwards displaced by an Arab force under the first imam of the Ya'ruba dynasty in Oman, Nasir ibn Murshid. In 1631 the Portuguese built a fort at Julfar, having apparently regained this port with a view to mounting an attack on Hormuz from it. The Portuguese also had minor forts at Kalba and Dibbah. » #6 Hawley, Donald, The Trucial States, Allen and Unwin, London, 1970 ~ p. 75 ṣoḥār is placed in the map [849] Arabic Tabula Rogeriana, Al-Idrisi, 1154, Bibliotheque Nationale de France (MS Arabe 2221) « For the Arabian Peninsula the following historical terms are known in Chinese: Sohar ???(?),??? » #2637 Fee-Alexandra Haase, The Representation of the Arabian Peninsula Before the Establishment of the Gulf States: The Contemporary Areas of ‘Oman,’ ‘United Arab Emirates,’ ‘Saudi Arabia,’ and ‘Bahrain’ in a Diachronic Study of Ethnonyms and Toponyms in Historical Arabic and English Sources, SSRN, 2013 ~ p. 76 « Na villa de Soar, na Arabia no Estreito de Ormuz tambem tivemos huma igreja, da qual não consta quando foi edificada, nem quando se perdeo, provavelmente se per- deria na tomada de Ormuz ou Mascate: foi fundada a dita sendo provincial o M. R. Pe. Me. Fr. Diogo de S. Anna em 1622. » [In the town of Soar, in Arabia, on the Strait of Hormuz, we also had a church, of which there is no record of when it was built, nor when it is lost, it would probably be lost in the capture of Hormuz or Muscat: the said one being provincial was founded by M. R. Pe . Me. Fr. Diogo de S. Anna in 1622.] #2857 ed. Silva Rego, A. da, Documentação para a História das Missões do Padroado Português do Oriente – Índia, Agência Geral das Ultramar, Lisboa, 1955 ~ vol. 11 p. 209 « Siraf ne pouvait subsister dès lors que ses communications étaient paralysées. L'exode de la population, dont on ne sait ni quand ni comment il eut lieu, ne se fit certainement pas d'un seul départ ni plètement. On a vu que dès le xe siècle certains marchands avaient jugé préférable de se fixer à Sohâr. Il est probable que ceux qui en eurent les moyens s'installèrent dans des centres écono- miques moins menacés. [Siraf could not survive since its communications were paralyzed. The exodus of the population, of which we know neither when nor how it took place, certainly did not occur in a single departure nor completely. We have seen that from the 10th century onwards, some merchants had deemed it preferable to settle in Sohar. It is likely that those who had the means to do so settled in less threatened economic centers.] » #891 Aubin, Jean, La ruine de Siraf et les routes du Golfe Persique aux XIe et XIIe siecles, Cahiers de civilisation medievale, Univ. de Poitiers, 1959, X-XII:3:295-301 ~ p. 297 ※ SOURCE for Suhar « Nevertheless, piracy never affected seriously the regular flow of convoys with their precious merchandise. Furthermore, it has been possible to note close cultural interlinks between the Arabian and the Iranian littorals: in the 12th and 13th centuries Suhar was the centre of a reputed school of Islamic Law, and we have mentioned also how Sirāfi people used to go to Suhar and attend this important school giving light to a strong Sunni/Arabic sharaitic tradition in the Fars and in the Kirman — which was to last until the advent of the Safavid power. Undoubtedly, these cultural links were strengthened by the economic inter-dependence of the two littorals of the Gulf — for centuries a main factor in the trading and mercantile activity. » #348 Piacentini, Valeria Fiorani, Merchants - Merchandise and Military Power in the Persian Gulf (Suriyanj/Shahriya-Siraf), Atti Della Accademia Nazionale Dei Lincei, Rome, 1992 ANL Memorie Della Classe Di Scienze Morali, Storiche E Filologiche Memorie serie IX, vol.III, fasc. 2 ~ p. 177 ※ SOURCE for Wu-la « referred to by Kia Tan ? » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p.130 ※ SOURCE for Wu-pa #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 117, 122 note 13 ※ SOURCE for Zarar « On the Arabian peninsula, Mecca ("La mecha") is depicted with the Kaaba, the building at the center of Islam's most sacred mosque, Al-Masjid al-Haram, clearly visible, and, further south, "Adden" (Aden) can be found. Other place names include "Mascati" (Muscat), "Zarar" (Sohar) and "Cauo de Mada" (Musandam Peninsula), "Culfal" (Qatar). and "Bore" (Khobar). » #2214 Daniel Crouch Rare Books, The Vesconte Maggiolo Planisphere of 1531, Oct 19, 2016 ~ p. 42 Sohran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3085996 coordinate: lat 28.122 long 57.8451 NIMA/GNS names: Pa'in Sahran , Pa'in Sahrun , Pa'in Sohrun , Sohran , Sohran-e Pa'in , Sohran-e Sofla , Sohrun , سهران سفلی , VARIANT names: Sohran , ※ SOURCE for Sohran #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7, 45:648-60 ~ p. 655 Soleyman : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3744317 coordinate: lat 30.0483 long 55.4105 NIMA/GNS names: Soleyman , Soleymanabad , Tolombeh-ye Ramzan-e Mahmudi , تلمبه رامضان محمودی , سلیمان آباد , VARIANT names: Soleyman , Soltanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086049 coordinate: lat 31.04741 long 49.699386 NIMA/GNS names: Soltanabad , سلطان آباد , VARIANT names: Soltanabad , Soltaneyyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081931 coordinate: lat 36.434904 long 48.796827 NIMA/GNS names: Sa`idiyeh , Soltaneyyeh , Soltaniyeh , Sultaniye , Sultaniyeh , سلطانيه , VARIANT names: Soltaneyyeh , Somaq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: AREA UFI: -3794105 coordinate: lat 33.613611 long 47.785278 NIMA/GNS names: Somaq , سماق , VARIANT names: Somaq , Sonmiani : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2775034 coordinate: lat 25.4227778 long 66.5955556 NIMA/GNS names: Sonmiani , Sonmiyani , Sunnnani , VARIANT names: Sonméany’ , Sonmiani , ※ SOURCE for Sonméany’ « he [Nearchus] ordered to be named the port of Alexander, now called Sonméány’. [n. Somneany in the MSS. Perhaps this is a vulgar transposition of the letters. - E.] (#253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835 p. 265) Sonqorabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3765785 coordinate: lat 35.8594 long 50.7864 NIMA/GNS names: Sonqorabad , سنقر آباد , VARIANT names: Sonqorabad , Soormagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086495 coordinate: lat 31.0359 long 52.8404 NIMA/GNS names: Soormagh , Surmak , Surmaq , سورمق , VARIANT names: Soormagh , Soormar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086414 coordinate: lat 33.8774 long 45.6418 NIMA/GNS names: Soormar , Sowmar , Sumar , سومار , VARIANT names: Soormar , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.2458333 long 50.3158333 † basis (unknown) VARIANT names: Sophtha , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Sophtha AT Sheigh Shuaib lat 26.8108 long 53.25 [A. Hotz, Tomaschek], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Sophtha AT Karek lat 29.238883 long 50.312946 [Gossellin, Findlay, Vincent?], ※ SOURCE for Sophtha « Sophtha [Ptolemaeus]» #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ De plaatsnamen door Roobacker genoemd en de overeenkomstige op oudere en nieuwere kaarten. [The place names mentioned by Robacker and the corresponding ones on older and newer maps.] table after p. 380 « 146. Die Seefahrer des Ghalyfenreiches folgten von der Tigrismündung zur Meerenge dem nächsten Weg, der ziemlieh nahe an die persische Küste kommt — doch sieht man sie nur selten — und orientirten sich mittelst Inseln, nämlich, so weit wir dies dem Ibn Ghord. entnehmen können: Ghärek, L. 50° 20', 29° 15'; Schaych, Scho'ayb, 53° 15', 26° 48'; Ghinderäby (Ghyn), 53° 38', 26° 40'; Qays, auch Kysch genannt, 53° 58', 26° 32' ; und Kischm oder vielmehr die dicht daran gelegene Insel Hingäm, 55° 55', 26° 38'. Auch auf Ptolemseus' Karte bemerken wir von der Tigrismündung bis zur Meerenge nahe an der persischen Küste eine Reihe von Inseln, als Texiana, Tabiana, Sophtha, Arakia, Sagdana und Uorochtha (Kischm), wodurch augenscheinlich diese Wasserstrasse angezeigt wird. » [146. The navigators of the Ghalyfen kingdom followed from the mouth of the Tigris to the strait the nearest route, which comes fairly near to the Persian coast—though they are seldom seen—and orientated themselves by means of islands, viz., as far as we can tell from Ibn Ghord. can be taken from: Ghärek, L. 50° 20', 29° 15'; Shaykh, Sho'ayb, 53° 15', 26° 48'; Ghinderäby (Ghyn), 53° 38', 26° 40'; Qays, also called Kysh, 53° 58', 26° 32' ; and Kishm, or rather the nearby island of Hingam, 55° 55', 26° 38'. Also on Ptolemseus' chart we note from the mouth of the Tigris to the strait near the Persian coast a series of islands, as Texiana, Tabiana, Sophtha, Arakia, Sagdana and Uorochtha (Kishm), apparently indicating this waterway.] #1332 Sprenger, A., Die alte Geographie Arabiens, Commissionsverlag Von Huber als Comp; Meridian Publising Co., Bern; Amsterdam, 1875;1966 ~ p. 111 « SOPHTHA, Ptolemy; an ifiand fituate on the coaft of Pcrfis, in the Pcrfian Gulf. » #2518 Alexander MacBean, Samuel Johnson, A Dictionary of Ancient Geography, Explaining the Local Appellations in Sacred, Grecian, and Roman History; Exhibiting the Extent of Kingdoms, and Situations of Cities, etc. And Illustrating the Allusions and Epithets in the Greek and Roman Poets. The Whole Established by Proper Authorities, and Designed for the Use of Schools, G. Robinson, London, 1773 ~ « DE LA CHERSONESE située au-delà d'lonacapolis, à l'île Sophtha, la carte ancienne donne 600 stades ; c'est la distance de la pointe septentrionale de la presqu'île d'Abu Schahar à l'île de Karek. » #2703 P.-F.-J. Gossellin, Recherches sur la géographie systématique et positive des anciens. Tome 3 / ; pour servir de base à l'histoire de la géographie ancienne., Impr. de la République, 1798-1813 ~ vol. 3 p. 123 « Tomaschek plaatst hier het Ptolem. eiland Sophtha, “allerdings nahe an Kharek” (met welk eiland Vincent het overeenbrengt) en vindt er in het Semit. süfat = Eiland der zeekruiden. (?) » [Tomaschek places the Ptolem here. island of Sophtha, "allerdings nahe an Kharek" (to which island Vincent it corresponds) and finds it in the Semit. süfat = Island of sea herbs.] #2863 ed. A. Hotz, Cornelis Cornelisz Roobacker's Scheeps- Journaal Gamron-Basra (1645); De Eerste Reis Der Nederlanders door de Perzische Golf. In Tijdschrift van het Koninklijk Nederlandsch Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, Tweede Serie, Deel Xxiv., Brill, Leiden, 1907 ~ p. 383 « Sophtha [name] RL [period] Ptol. 6.4.8; RE Sophta [reference] » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ directory, p. 1343 « Sophtha I., Kharak | 29 15 | 49 45 » #2678 Alexander George Findlay, A classical atlas to illustrate ancient geography, W. Tegg and Company, 1847, ~ p. 38 « The Sôphath of Marcian , the Sôphtha of Ptolemy , is an island that may represent the modern Karack ; and to this I looked for a solution of the difficulty : but the position of it is so ill defined , that I could determine nothing, unless it was that it is really Karack, though not without suspicion that the Arákia of Ptolemy, which I have before supposed , with d'Aville, to be L'Ara or Busheab, may possibly be Karack, by the addition of an aspirate , as Harak, Karak. The error of situation is no obstacle to this supposition , but I give it as a mere conjecture » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 p. 405-6 Soqun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086309 coordinate: lat 28.3631 long 56.9088 NIMA/GNS names: Ma`dan-e Sowghan , Soqun , Sowghan , Sughun , Suqun , صوغان , VARIANT names: Soghun , Soqun , ※ SOURCE for Soghun #888 Matheson, S., Persia. An Archaeological Guide, Faber and Faber Limited, 1979 ~ p. 270 Sorab : place IRN (cistern) NIMA/GNS feature: SPNG independent coordinate: lat 32.019889 long 63.955342 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: NIMA/GNS dataset for Sorab (UFI -3392703) is 32.05, 63.9666667,Sorab,SPNG. This may be the source but it does not represent the location of Shorab 3,462m at heading of 198°.These coordinates have therefore been amended VARIANT names: Schurap , Shorab , Shorao Spr: , Sorab , ※ SOURCE for Schurap « Den 13. Septemb. ruheten wir ein weniges zu Schurap. Wir traffen etliche wenige Viehhirten an/und gleich wol Feigen/Schlippermilch/und anderes/was uns nd-thig/genung. [On September 13th, we rested a bit in Shurap. We met a few herdsmen and immediately found figs, slops, and other things that were enough for us.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 68 ※ SOURCE for Shorab « 9. Shorab (23 miles-115 miles 4 furlongs).-Water plentiful in the winter and spring; later in the year it is brackish, but the supply is susceptible of great improvement; forage and grass generally plenti-ful; road over a desert plain, somewhat uneven, and in places stony. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 334 « Shorab » in {map#1353 Map of Afghanistan and the adjacent countries / published by authority of the Honble Court of Directors of the East India Company, J. and C. Walker. Wm. H. Allen and Co., 1844, University of Wisconsin fig. } ※ SOURCE for Shorao Spr: « Shorao Spr: » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 29 Turkmenistan 1916} Sorkh Dizeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086250 coordinate: lat 34.398761 long 46.049652 NIMA/GNS names: Mian Tak , Sorkh Dizeh , Sorkheh Diz , Sorkheh Dizeh , Surkha Diz , Surkhedizeh , سرخه دیزه , VARIANT names: Sorkh Dizeh , Surkha diza , Surkha Diza , ※ SOURCE for Surkha diza « Ich selbst schließe mich insoweit Minorsky an, als dieser Mädharüstän hinter dem Paß von Päi?aq sucht. Ich vermute es jedoch näher zum Paß hin. Meines Erachtens sollte bei einer Lokalisierung von Mädharüstän insbesondere das erste, 4 km nach dem Paß liegende Dorf Surkha diza in Betracht gezogen werden. [I personally agree with Minorsky in that he is looking for Mädharüstän behind the Päi?aq pass. However, I suspect it is closer to the pass. In my opinion, when locating Mädharüstän, the first village to be considered is Surkha diza, which is 4 km after the pass.] » #3435 Klaus Schippmann, Hinweise und Anmerkungen zu einigen sasanidischen Monumenten, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 vol. 7:pp. 157-162 ~ p. 162 ※ SOURCE for Surkha Diza « but with fairly easy gradients for 3 miles, and then passes up a narrow valley with wooded slopes running down to the road on both sides to Surkha Diza at 17 miles, » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 151 Soroo : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086501 coordinate: lat 26.771065 long 54.517343 NIMA/GNS names: Shuru , Soroo , Suru , سورو , VARIANT names: Soroo , NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.27 long 63.44 VARIANT names: Sotka Koh , ※ SOURCE for Sotka Koh « Undifferentiated sie and find-spot »(#411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975 p. 87) approximate site taken from map and located near to the present town of Pasni (pbr) south of Bisutoun : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.390304 long 47.436299 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: کتیبه گودرز سنگ نوشته بیستون سنگ نوشته صفوی شیخ علی خان زنگنه نقش برجسته هركول سنگ نگاره گودرز شاه Goodarz Inscription Bistoun Epigraph Safavid Epigraph of Sheikh Ali Khan Zanganeh Hercules Relief Goodarz Shah Epigraph VARIANT names: south of Bisutoun , ※ SOURCE for south of Bisutoun « Nous campames le lendemain après quatre heures de marche, fous l'ex-trémité méridionale de Biſutoun, [We camped the next day after four hours of walking, at the southern tip of Biſutoun,] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 p. 186 Sparwan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3393608 coordinate: lat 31.4958333 long 65.4305556 NIMA/GNS names: Safidrawan , Sapeyrawan , Seperwan , Sparwan , Sperwan , Speyrawan , VARIANT names: Sparwan , ※ SOURCE for Sparwan « At this southern extremity of the southern chain lies the important village of Panjwai on an alternate road to the south from Kandahar to Girishk. There is a ford here connecting the village of Sperwan with Siachob on the right bank. The bed of the river at this point, and for several miles below, varies in breadth from 400 to 700 yards with low banks, » #3495 Adamec, Ludwig W, Historical and political gazetteer of Afghanistan, Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 1972 ~ vol. 5 p. 44 Spin Baldak : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 31.01168996 long 66.40227696 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Spin Baldak , ※ SOURCE for Spin Baldak « 1108. SPIN BALDAK Or the ‘CHAMAN HOARD’. Original: Lat. 31º 00’ N, long. 66º 24’ E. Map 99. Revised: 31.01168996 N, 66.40227696 E / 31º 00’ 42.08384988 N, 66º 24’ 08.19705240 E. Kandahār Province. The Afghan border post on the main Kandahār-Quetta road. Date: Saka, 1st cent. BC (numismatic). Description: A hoard of 75 silver Saka coins found at a site near here in about 1940. Aerial photographs have also recorded the remains of a large caravanserai with a double set of rooms surrounding two courtyards. Sources: 1. Additional information from aerial photographs by D. Thomas. 2. Jenkins 1955: 25–6—discusses the hoard and gives a brief catalogue. 3. Mac Dowall and Taddei 1978a: 212—mention. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 366 SS1 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS1 , ※ SOURCE for SS1 « Other variants: none Details: The location of the individual sites within the Sirjan Survey is not known, however the position of Sirjan is marked (Morgan and Leatherby, 1987: 25, pi. 1). No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS11 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS11 , ※ SOURCE for SS11 « Other variants: none Details: See SS1. No. of sherds: 133 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS18 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS18 , ※ SOURCE for SS18 « Other variants: none Details: See SS1. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS23 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS23 , ※ SOURCE for SS23 « Other variants: none Details: See SSI. No. of sherds: 6 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS25 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS25 , ※ SOURCE for SS25 « Other variants: none Details: See SSI. No. of sherds: 89 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS26 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS26 , ※ SOURCE for SS26 « Other variants: none Details: See SS1. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS30 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS30 , ※ SOURCE for SS30 « Other variants: none Details: See SSI. No. of sherds: 22 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS34 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS34 , ※ SOURCE for SS34 « Other variants: none Details: See SS1. No. of sherds: 28 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS35 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS35 , ※ SOURCE for SS35 « Other variants: none Details: See SS1. No. of sherds: 14 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS36 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS36 , ※ SOURCE for SS36 « Other variants: none Details: See SSI. No. of sherds: 64 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS38 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS38 , ※ SOURCE for SS38 « Other variants: none Details: See SS]. No. of sherds: 9 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS39 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS39 , ※ SOURCE for SS39 « Other variants: none Details: See SSI. No. of sherds: 1 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS40 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS40 , ※ SOURCE for SS40 « Other variants: none Details: See SS1. No. of sherds: 17 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS41 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS41 , ※ SOURCE for SS41 « Other variants: none Details: See SSI. No. of sherds: 32 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS49 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS49 , ※ SOURCE for SS49 « Other variants: none Details: See SS1. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 SS50 : arch. site IRN UTM: 5546, 2923 converted to coordinate: lat 29.3833333333333 long 55.7666666666667 VARIANT names: SS50 , ※ SOURCE for SS50 « Other variants: none Details: See SSI. No. of sherds: 8 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Station at the Pol-e Now : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 30.048531 long 52.698627 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Station at the Pol-e Now , ※ SOURCE for Station at the Pol-e Now « Station an der Pol-e Now (Abb. 5; 135) (95)Lage: 25 km südlich von Mahin und etwa 25 km (Luft-linie) nördlich des Karavanserails Asaf, in + 1580 m ü. N. N., an der Kurzstrecke von Esfahan nach Shiraz und etwa 5 km südlich des Kreuzungspunktes dieser Karawanenstrecke mit dem Verlauf der achaemenidischen Königsstraße von Pasargadae und Persepolis nach Susa und Sardes (96). Die Karawa-nenstation liegt auf einer erhöhten Terrasse nördlich ober-halb der Brücke (Abb. 136) (97).Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit östlich anschließender Einfriedung.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 56x56m, Hofabmessungen ca. 40 x 40 m (Abb. 136).Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Bis auf die Grundmauern zerstört.fn. 95 Die Pol-e Now wurde am 11.6. 1987 vermessen und die Spuren der Station aufgenommen.fn. 96 AMI 14, 1981, 45 ff.fn. 97 Zur Pol-e Now siehe AMI 21, 1988, 233 f. [Station at the Pol-e Now (Fig. 5; 135) (95)Location: 25 km south of Mahin and about 25 km (as the crow flies) north of the Asaf caravanserai, at +1580 m above sea level, on the short route from Isfahan to Shiraz and about 5 km south of the intersection point of this caravan route with the Achaemenid Royal Road from Pasargadae and Persepolis to Susa and Sardis (96). The caravan station is located on an elevated terrace north above the bridge (Fig. 136) (97).Type: Courtyard caravanserai with an enclosed enclosure to the east.Dimensions: External dimensions 56 x 56 m, courtyard dimensions approx. 40 x 40 m (Fig. 136).Building material: Rubble stone.Structural features and condition: Destroyed down to its foundations.fn. 95 The Pol-e Now was surveyed on June 11, 1987, and the station's traces were recorded.fn. 96 AMI 14, 1981, 45 ff.fn. 97 On the Pol-e Now, see AMI 21, 1988, 233 f.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 78 Station bei Khundab : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none coordinate: lat 33.190466 long 50.789396 † basis (unknown) VARIANT names: Station bei Khundab , ※ SOURCE for Station bei Khundab « Station bei Khundab (Abb. 12; 57) (50)Lage: 6 km südöstlich des Karavanserails Madar-e Shah (Mader-e Shah) am Paß von Dhor (Dar) und 12 km nordwestlich von Khundab, am Wege von Esfahan nach Golpayegan, in +2080 m ü.N.N Typ: Hofanlage, wahrscheinlich mit vier Iwanen.Abmessungen: 20 x 20 m Außenmaße, 9 x 9 m Hofab-messungen.Baumaterial: Mauerwerk aus großen Lesesteinen.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Etwa zur Hälfte des Grundrisses durch nahegelegenes Trockenflußbett zer-stört.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Wahrscheinlich im 18.-19. Jahrhundert als Sicherungsposten errichtet. fn. 50 Die Reste der Station wurden am 13. 6. 1987 aufgenommen. [Station near Khundab (Fig. 12; 57) (50)Location: 6 km southeast of the Madar-e Shah (Mader-e Shah) caravanserai at the Dhor (Dar) pass and 12 km northwest of Khundab, on the road from Isfahan to Golpayegan, at +2080 m above sea level.Type: Courtyard complex, probably with four iwans.Dimensions: 20 x 20 m exterior dimensions, 9 x 9 m courtyard dimensions.Building material: Masonry made of large field stones.Structural features and condition: About half of the ground plan destroyed by a nearby dry riverbed.Inscriptions: None known.Dating: Probably built as a security post in the 18th-19th centuries. fn. 50 The remains of the station were photographed on 13 June 1987.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ pp. 35-6 Station bei Sarmil (Sarmileh) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.334423 long 46.139706 † basis (approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Station bei Sarmil (Sarmileh) , ※ SOURCE for Station bei Sarmil (Sarmileh) « Station bei Sarmil (Sarmileh) (Abb. 121 und 131)(97)Lage: 11 km nordwestlich von Kerind, an der Straße nach Sarpol-e Zohab (Baghdad - Teheran).Typ: Hofkaravanserail mit zentralem Bau in Hofmitte, keine besondere Iwan-Ausbildung. Erweiterung nach Norden erkennbar.Abmessungen: Können nicht angegeben werden, da nur eine Planskizze vorliegt.Baumaterial: Bruchsteinmauerwerk.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Die Anlage ist nur noch als Mauerschuttwälle im Gelände erkennbar.Inschriften: sind keine bekannt.Datierung: Unbekannt.Umgebung: Westlich des Karavanserails von Sarmil(Sarmileh) liegt auf einer natürlichen Erhebung, die von Pa-taq emporsteigende Straße beherrschend, eine wohl vorisla-mische Befestigungsanlage, bestehend aus verstürzten Stein-wällen.Sie hat dunkelgraubraune, hellrötlichbraune und grau-braune, mittelfeine Keramik ergeben (Abb. 132) und ferner ein vorgeschichtliches Keramikbruchstück mit dunkelbrau-ner Bemalung auf hellgelbgrauem Grund (Abb. 132, rechts oben).fn. 97 AMI N. F. 8 , 1975, 124f. [Station near Sarmil (Sarmileh) (Figs. 121 and 131)(97)Location: 11 km northwest of Kerind, on the road to Sarpol-e Zohab (Baghdad - Tehran).Type: Court caravanserai with a central building in the middle of the courtyard, no special iwan structure. An extension to the north is evident.Dimensions: Cannot be specified, as only a plan sketch is available.Building material: Rubble masonry.Structural features and condition: The complex is only recognizable as rubble walls in the terrain.Inscriptions: None known.Dating: Unknown.Surroundings: West of the Sarmil (Sarmileh) caravanserai, on a natural elevation dominating the road rising from Pataq, lies a probably pre-Islamic fortification consisting of collapsed stone walls.It yielded dark gray-brown, light reddish-brown, and gray-brown, medium-fine pottery (Fig. 132) and also a prehistoric pottery fragment with dark brown painting on a light yellow-gray ground (Fig. 132, top right).fn. 97 AMI N. F. 8 , 1975, 124f.] » #3474 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1996 Band 2:Teil 1: ~ pp. 78-79 Station Hermoozun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.774524 long 54.396394 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: This was located on google earth 5/2003 and the site now lies beneath the newer road. VARIANT names: Hermousoún , Station Hermoozun , ※ SOURCE for Hermousoún « Nous traversons bientôt après un torrent desséché rempli de pierre-à-Jésus. Marchant toujours dans un terrain pénible, nous trouvons un petit caravansérail appelé Hermousoún, près duquel est une citerne en berceau. Non loin de là, une descente rapide conduit à une gorge, auprès de laquelle est un mur peu élevé qui tombe en ruines. [We soon cross a dried-up stream filled with Jesus stones. Still walking over difficult terrain, we find a small caravanserai called Hermousoún, near which is a barrel cistern. Not far from there, a rapid descent leads to a gorge, near which is a low wall which is falling into ruins.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 445 ※ SOURCE for Station Hermoozun « bei Km 24 eine unmittelbar an der Straße gelerene Station unbestimmbaren Alters, welche vielleicht identisch mit der von Dupré beschriebenen Station Hermoozun ist (11). Sie besteht aus drei rechteckigen, isoliert stehenden Gebäuden aus Bruchsteinmauerverl: mit einer genauerten Plattform in Zentrum der Anlage. Alle Bauten sind stark zerstört, eine Datierung nach den archäologisch faßbaren Resten scheint nicht möglich.Die Station dürzte den letzten Rastpunkt vor dem Aufstieg zum Pass Gardaneh-i Narangi dargestellt haben, in dessen Verlauf die Felsabarbeitungen und Aufnauerungen der safavidischen Straße noch deutlich sichtbar sind.fn. 11 A. Dupré, Voyage en Perse I (1819) 446 [At km 24 there is a station of indeterminate age directly on the road, which is perhaps identical to the Hermoozun station described by Dupré (11). It consists of three rectangular, isolated buildings made of quarry stone walls: with a more precise platform in the center of the complex. All buildings are badly damaged; dating them based on the archaeological remains does not seem possible.The station may have represented the last rest point before the climb to the Gardaneh-i Narangi pass, along which the rock quarrying and resurfacing of the Safavid road are still clearly visible. fn. 11 A. Dupré, Voyage en Perse I (1819) 446] » #3206 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., original manuscript, Österreichisches Archäologisches Institut, 1984 ~ p.3 Station in the Tang-e Ab (Firuzabad) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 28.912414 long 52.541774 VARIANT names: Station in the Tang-e Ab (Firuzabad) , ※ SOURCE for Station in the Tang-e Ab (Firuzabad) « Station in der Tang-e Ab (Firuzabad) (Abb. 5; 213) 142Lage: 11 km südlich der Station bei Farukhabad, 10 km nördlich von Firuzabad am Südausgang der Tang-e Ab, in + 1300 m ü. N. N., an der Karawanenstraße von Shiraz nach Firuzabad, zwischen der sasanidischen Brücke mit kleinem Felsrelief und dem Ardashir-Palast sowie nördlich des gro- Ben sasanidischen Felsreliefs von Firuzabad. Südlich der Sta- tion ist eine Strecke der sasanidischen Straße erhalten, die in Stufen aus dem Felsen nahe dem großen Felsrelief herausge- arbeitet ist (Abb. 213).Typ: Hofanlage mit zwei Iwanen und vier Räumen und kleinen, runden Ecktürmen (Abb. 214).Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Turmvorsprünge 17 × 12,70 m, Hofabmessungen 11 × 6,40 m und Gebäudehöhe etwa 5,20 m.Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Der Bau in Hanglage ist stark zerstört.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Wahrscheinlich vor- bis frühislamisch [Station in the Tang-e Ab (Firuzabad) (Fig. 5; 213) 142Location: 11 km south of the station at Farukhabad, 10 km north of Firuzabad at the southern exit of the Tang-e Ab, at + 1300 m above sea level, on the caravan route from Shiraz to Firuzabad, between the Sasanian bridge with a small rock relief and the Ardashir Palace and north of the large Sasanian rock relief of Firuzabad. South of the station, a section of the Sasanian road has been preserved, carved out of the rock in steps near the large rock relief (Fig. 213).Type: Courtyard complex with two iwans and four rooms and small, round corner towers (Fig. 214).Dimensions: External dimensions without tower projections 17 × 12.70 m, courtyard dimensions 11 × 6.40 m and building height about 5.20 m.Building material: quarry stone.Structural features and condition: The building on a hillside is heavily damaged.Inscriptions: none known.Dating: Probably pre- to early-Islamic] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 120 «The archaeological evidence which confirms the presence of caravanserai in the narrow gorge is a structure of quadrangular plan located about 6.5 kilometers south from the northern access, on the western riverbank’s cliff wall. The plan measures 16 meters in length and 11 meters in width; it was built with stones of different sizes, not longer than 50 centimeters, bound by mortar and its maximum height is 40 centimeters. Nevertheless, the remains of the two southern spaces are preserved (Fig. 11). Figure 11. Caravanserai, D. Rossi. » #3446 Domiziana Rossi, A Road to Firūzābād, EX NOVO Journal of Archaeology, 2018 ~ p. 90 Station near Farukhabad (Farokh Abad) : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN independent coordinate: lat 28.95684 long 52.562893 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: still inable to locate site. VARIANT names: Station near Farukhabad (Farokh Abad) , ※ SOURCE for Station near Farukhabad (Farokh Abad) « Station Farukhabad Firuzabad » in {map#1180 Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars, , , #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~} « Titel: Station Farukhabad Firuzabad 1988 - Court type building with circular towers and rounded projecting-parts Bildnummer: D-DAI-EUR-TEH-DIA-AWK-22186 Date taken: 1988 Image author: Wolfram Kleiss » at online reference link « Station bei Farukhabad (Farokh Abad) (Taf. 27.3.4) (Abb. 5; 211)(138)Lage: 17 km südlich Tang-e Zandjiran, 11 km nördlich der Station am Südausgang des Taldurchbruchs (Tang-e Ab) von Qal'eh Dukhtar(139)bei Firuzabad, die 2 km nördlich des sasanidischen Palastes von Firuzabad (140) liegt. Farukhabad liegt 21 km nördlich des modernen Ortes Firuzabad und etwa 19 km nördlich der sasanidischen Rundstadt von Gur mit dem zentralen Turmbau. Die Station liegt in + 1370 m .N.N., an der Karawanenstraße von Shiraz nach Firu- zabad.Typ: Hofanlage, durch runde Ecktürme und abgerun dete Risalite gegliedert. Abmessungen: Außenmaße ohne Vorsprünge 26 x 19.40m, Hofabmessungen 9,60 x 8,50 m, Gebäudehöhe etwa 6 m (Abb. 212).Baumaterial: Bruchstein.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Sehr stark verfallen Inschriften: Vom Bau sind keine bekannt. Der Bau liegt im Bereich eines islamischen Friedhofes mit mehreren zer- schlagenen Grabinschrift-Bruchstücken.Datierung: Wahrscheinlich frühislamisch. [Station near Farukhabad (Farokh Abad) (Table 27.3.4) (Fig. 5; 211) (138)Location: 17 km south of Tang-e Zandjiran, 11 km north of the station at the southern exit of the valley breakthrough (Tang-e Ab) of Qal'eh Dukhtar (139) near Firuzabad, which is 2 km north of the Sasanian palace of Firuzabad (140). Farukhabad is 21 km north of the modern town of Firuzabad and about 19 km north of the Sasanian round city of Gur with the central tower building. The station is located at + 1370 m above sea level, on the caravan route from Shiraz to Firuzabad.Type: Courtyard complex, structured by round corner towers and rounded risalites. Dimensions: External dimensions without projections 26 x 19.40m, courtyard dimensions 9.60 x 8.50 m, building height about 6 m (Fig. 212).Building material: quarry stone.Structural features and condition: Very badly dilapidated Inscriptions: None are known from the building. The building is located in the area of ??an Islamic cemetery with several broken fragments of grave inscriptions.Dating: Probably early Islamic.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 116-119 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 25.38 long 65.52 VARIANT names: Stobera , ※ SOURCE for Stobera Co-ordinates approx. #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ p. 5 stone bridge (Shamsabad) : place IRN (bridge) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.615057 long 53.566289 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: petit pont , stone bridge (Shamsabad) , ※ SOURCE for petit pont [no place name given - description used for Route 81 stage 056. PBR] « L'eau en est un peu saumâtre. Nous la traversons sur un petit pont de dix arches entre deux murs, au lieu de parapets. Le chemin alors est pavé sur une longueur de dix-huit mètres. Cette rivière prend sa source du côté de Dâråb, passe à Karzi, [The water is a little brackish. We cross it on a small bridge of ten arches between two walls, instead of parapets. The path is then paved for a length of eighteen meters. This river takes its source on the side of Dâråb, passes to Karzi,] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 456 ※ SOURCE for stone bridge (Shamsabad) « Den 12. dito trokken wy langs een redelyken weg, door eenige rievieren, voorby cen kleyne Karrawanfera, reden over een ſteene brug, tamelyk lang, [The 12th we traveled along a reasonable road, through some rivers, past a small Karrawanfera, drove over a stone bridge, quite long,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 263 « At 6 miles a river is crossed, running up the Firūzābād valley and impassable after heavy rain; the bed is 60 yards broad and gravelly; in March 1907 after two days' rain there was 3 feet of water; the water is salt, except when in flood. At 6 miles the road crosses a deep river bed by a stone bridge of five arches, 6 feet wide; the bed of this river was almost dry, at the time when the other had 3 feet of water in it, and is probably an old channel of the same river. At this point the rod to Fasā, Route No. 1(k), diverges. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 177 Strait of Hormuz : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: STRT UFI: -787389 coordinate: lat 26.5666667 long 56.25 NIMA/GNS names: Bab-e Hormoz , Bab-e- Hormuz , Bab-i- Hormuz , Bughaz Hormuz , Madiq Hurmuz , Strait of Hormoz , Strait of Hormuz , Strait of Ormuz , Tangeh Hormoz , Tangeh-ye Hormoz , Tangi Hormuz , VARIANT names: Destr. De Moçadon , Strait of Hormuz , ※ SOURCE for Destr. De Moçadon « Destr. De Moçādon and C, de Moçādo » in #974 Qasimi, Sultan bin Muhammad Al-, The Gulf in Historic Maps, 1493-1931, Privately published, 1996 ~ p. 58 Map L'Arabie Petree, Deseerte, et Hevrevse by Mariette for N. Samson 1652 ※ SOURCE for Strait of Hormuz #1839 Morgan, Jacques de, Mission scientifique en Perse Tome Second Études Géographiques, Ernest Leroux, Paris, 1895 vol. 2: ~ Fig. 135. Carte du détroit d'Hormüz . p. 287 Straßenstation bei Kavar : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.174471 long 52.688587 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Straßenstation bei Kavar , ※ SOURCE for Straßenstation bei Kavar « Straßenstation bei Kavar (Abb. 5; 198)132 Lage: 2 km südlich des Karavanserails von Kavar und knapp 1 km südlich der alten Mand-Brücke von Kavar, in + 1560 m ü. N. N., am Weg von Shiraz nach Firuzabad.Typ: Soweit noch erkennbar, handelt es sich um ein Hofkaravanserail einfachen Planes auf tepeartiger Erhebung um eine Felsrippe herum.Abmessungen: Außenmaße 62 × 60 m.Baumaterial: Bruchsteinfundament mit Lehmaufbau. Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Partiell vollstän- dig zerstört.Inschriften: keine bekannt.Datierung: Unklar, vielleicht vorsafavidisch. Im Bereich der Station wurde hellrötlichbraune Keramik gefunden. [Road station near Kavar (Fig. 5; 198)132 Location: 2 km south of the Kavar caravanserai and just under 1 km south of the old Mand bridge of Kavar, at + 1560 m above sea level, on the way from Shiraz to Firuzabad.Type: As far as can be seen, it is a court caravanserai of simple plan on a tepe-like elevation around a rocky ridge.Dimensions: External dimensions 62 × 60 m.Building material: Quarry stone foundation with clay structure. Structural features and condition: Partially completely destroyed.Inscriptions: none known.Dating: Unclear, perhaps pre-Safavid. Light reddish-brown pottery was found in the area of ??the station.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 109-110 stream Kana : stream grp 34 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.719902 long 52.668392 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: stream Kana , ※ SOURCE for stream Kana « From Asir a road leads to the seaport Tahiri, general directionW. by S., distance 25 miles. Passing through Asir again crossthe stream Kāna, water brackish, 3 or 4 inches deep, and tra-verse the valley thinly covered with short grass, in a S. W.direction. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 187 stream Shivirawun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.290523 long 55.352937 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: stream Shivirawun , ※ SOURCE for stream Shivirawun « At 3 miles 2 furlongs we twice cross the stony bed, containing water in pools. of the stream Shivirawun, that had been running down the ravine, immediately to south of the track. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 32 Subiya : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -789852 coordinate: lat 29.5733333 long 48.1713889 NIMA/GNS names: Qasr Al-Sobiya , Qasr as Sabihiyah , Qasr as Sabiya , Qasr as Sabiyah , Qasr Sabiya , Qasr Subiya , Qasr-al-Sabiyah , Sabihiyah , Sabiya , Sabiyah , Subaihiya , Subayhiyah , Subiya , VARIANT names: Subiya , ※ SOURCE for Subiya « Subiya » in {map#1033 Asia. Persian Gulf [173r], Guy, Brucks, Constable, Stiffe, 1933, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3924, f 173, in Qatar Digital Library} Substruktionen bei Khosrowabad : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.187021 long 46.360085 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Substruktionen bei Khosrowabad , ※ SOURCE for Substruktionen bei Khosrowabad « Substruktionen bei Khosrowabad (Abb. 121 und 133) (98)Lage: 15 km westlich von Eslamabad (Islamabad/Shaha-bad-e Gharb) und 65 km östlich von Pataq. Der Ort wird auch Firuzabad genannt. Er liegt an der Hauptstraße Baghdad - Teheran. Typ: Langrechteckbau aus Korridoren und zellenartigen Räumen, tonnengewölbt, vergleichbar dem Gewölbebau von Pataq (siehe S. 77).Abmessungen: Die Gebäudereste, vom modernen Dorf stark überbaut, lassen sich auf eine Länge von 110 m und eine Breite von 50 m verfolgen.Baumaterial: Bruchsteinmauerwerk.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Sehr stark zer-stört und überbaut.Inschriften: sind nicht bekannt.Datierung: Wahrscheinlich spätsasanidisch bis frühisla-misch. fn. 98 AMI N. F. 7, 1974, 236f. [Substructures at Khosrowabad (Figs. 121 and 133) (98)Location: 15 km west of Eslamabad (Islamabad/Shaha-bad-e Gharb) and 65 km east of Pataq. The site is also called Firuzabad. It lies on the main road from Baghdad to Tehran. Type: Long rectangular building consisting of corridors and cell-like rooms, barrel-vaulted, comparable to the vaulted structure at Pataq (see p. 77).Dimensions: The building remains, heavily built over by the modern village, can be traced to a length of 110 m and a width of 50 m.Building material: Rubble masonry.Structural features and condition: Heavily damaged and built over.Inscriptions: Unknown.Dating: Probably late Sasanian to early Islamic. fn. 98 AMI N.F. 7, 1974, 236f.] » #3474 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1996 Band 2:Teil 1: ~ pp. 79-80 Sukra Bay : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -788744 coordinate: lat 18.330713 long 56.642931 NIMA/GNS names: Dawhat Sawqarah , Dawhat Sawqarah , Dawhat Sawqirah , Ghubbat Sawqirah , Khalij Sawqarah , Sauqara , Sauqira Bay , Sawqarah , Sawqirah Bay , Sukra Bay , دوحة صوقرة , VARIANT names: Saugra Bay , Sauqara Bay , Sukra Bay , ※ SOURCE for Saugra Bay « The western coast of the great Bay of Saugra — which is low and apparent1y shallow — trends nearly due North trom the Capes Saugra, about twenty-five miles; and its northern shore trends due West fifteen leagues. This immense bay seems to have no dangers of which the lead will not give sufficient warning. Our pilot said it might be coasted in any depth from four or five fathoms and more. We crossed it in nine fathoms, and could not see its shores in the bight from aloft. Variation of compass in Saugra Bay, 2.4º W. » #2710 Capt. W. F. W. Owen, The Coast of Arabla Felix, — from the Journal of Capt. W. F. W. Owen, of H.M.S. "Leven.", in: , The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle, Simpkin, Marshall and Co., , no. 26 1857, pp. 180-191 ~ pp. 188-9 ※ SOURCE for Sauqara Bay In {map#904 duqm-670-b 1:500,000 - World Series 1404, Great Britain. War Office and Air Ministry, 1958} Sultanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086062 coordinate: lat 35.225006 long 58.870073 NIMA/GNS names: Soltanabad , Sultanabad , سلطان آباد , VARIANT names: Sultanabad , Sultanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3053519 coordinate: lat 34.094935 long 49.698089 NIMA/GNS names: `Iraq , Arak , Soltanabad , Sultanabad , اراک , سلطان آباد , VARIANT names: Schehrino , Sultanabad , ※ SOURCE for Schehrino « Schehrino » in {map#1343 Reisen im Orient. von H. Petermann ; Nebst Einer Karte, Entworfen Von H. Kiepert. 2. Band, p. 243, 1861, } Sultanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086040 coordinate: lat 28.4032 long 56.2222 NIMA/GNS names: Hoseynabad , Soltanabad , Sultanabad , سلطان آباد , VARIANT names: Arag , Sultanabad , ※ SOURCE for Arag « §45. This Karaj lay close to the present-day Sultan-abad (Arag). The small river Kara-rūd has preserved the name of Karaj. Ancient pottery going by the name of "Sultan-abad" must come from the ruins of Karaj. The statement about the position of Karaj at the crossroads is correct. Even now this old centre lies on the Transiranian trunk line. » #3541 Ibn Muhalhil, Vladimir Minorsky, Abu¯-Dulaf Mis?ar ibn Muhalhil's Travels in Iran, Cairo University Press, Cairo, 1955 ~ p. 98 ※ SOURCE for Sultanabad ref1511p655 « Sultānābād, the capital of Iraq, has a population of 7,000, extensive. busy bazārs, and many good caravansarais. There are water-courses running down the centre of the wide street. The town is surrounded by gardens, and just outside are the large premises of Messrs. Ziegler and Co., who are engaged in the carpet-weaving industry. The carpets are made in the villages and town of Sultanabad. The country round is fertile and produces average crops of cereals: vines flourish. Supplies are procurable: transport scarce and must be collected from villages; donkeys are much used by the villagers. (Gazetteer.) The town is locally always called Iraq, never Sultānābād. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 238 Sumaismah : place QAT NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -785581 coordinate: lat 25.5747222 long 51.4863889 NIMA/GNS names: As Sumaisma , Somaismah , Sumaisima , Sumaisimah , Sumaisma , Sumaismah , Sumaysimah , VARIANT names: Sumaismah , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Sumaismah FOR Samaim [Tibbetts], ※ SOURCE for Sumaismah « A walled village on the east coast of Qatar, situated at the bottom of a small bay about midway between Lusail and Khor Shaqiq. One mile east of it, at the southern point of the same bay, is the village of Dha'ain with which it is intimately connected. Sumaismah is inhabited by about 250 families of the Al Bu Kuwarah tribe, and there are also a few Kibísah. There are 50 pearl boats here, also 10 other sea-going vessels and 10 fishing boats. Livestock include 6 horses and 70 camels. Drinking water is obtained from the wells of 'Awainat Bin-Husain, 4 miles to the westward: near the village there is also a small well called Khariqat Sumaismah, but its water is bitter. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1844 Suntsar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: AREA UFI: 223503 coordinate: lat 25.3708333 long 62.0166667 NIMA/GNS names: Suntsar , VARIANT names: Suntsar , Sur : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -789047 coordinate: lat 22.566667 long 59.528889 NIMA/GNS names: As Sur , Sur , Sur , صور , VARIANT names: Char , C¸or , Soor , Sur , ※ SOURCE for Char « Sûr, the port which still exists immediately north of the Cape, is represented by the form Char (i.e., Shar) adopted by Barbosa. Cor (for C¸or) in the Spanish version and Cor in Ribero's map are closer to the Arabic form; but both the Spanish version and Ribero wrongly place Cor immediately east of his imaginary Cape Fasalhat, which he places in the position of Ras Madraka, which Berthelot in 1635 gives correctly as Matraque. (See p. 58, n. 3, under § 35). Ramusio does not follow the Spanish verson in this curious reduplication, but adopts the spelling Fachalhat and turns Sur into Hor. Col. S. B. Miles's comparison of the name with Tyre (Tsor) and of Kuryat with Carthage and his supposition that these names denote an early Phoenician trading settlement are probably well founded, but Mr. Schoff's opinion that the modern Kalat in Balochistan represents "an eastern migration of this tribe name" is untenable. Kalat is simply the Arabic and kala'at, a fort, and is applied to many places in Persia, Afghanistan, etc., such as Kalat-i-Nadiri, Kalat-i-Ghaizai.Berthelot marks Sür as R. de Sor. Sür was the starting point of Wellsted's expedition to explore South 'Oman (J. R. Wellsted, Travels in Arabia, 1838) in 1835, and also of that of Col. 8. B. Miles in 1883 (Geng. Journal, 1896, p. 522). » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.68 fn.2 « The distortions are perhaps most violent in Barbosa where Sur becomes Char, Qalhāt Calarate. Tiwi Terue. Daghmar Dagino. Suḥar Coquiar and Khawr Fakkān Profam. His Etem, which defeated Longworth Dames, is obviously Yiti. » #2592 Beckingham CF., Some notes on the Portuguese in Oman, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1983 vol. 6:pt. 1: ~ p.18 ※ SOURCE for C¸or « (2) Sûr, the port which still exists immediately north of the Cape, is represented by the form Char (i.e., Shar) adopted by Barbosa. Cor (for C¸or) in the Spanish version and Cor in Ribero's map are closer to the Arabic form; but both the Spanish version and Ribero wrongly place Cor immediately east of his imaginary Cape Fasalhat, which he places in the position of Ras Madraka, which Berthelot in 1635 gives correctly as Matraque. (See p. 58, n. 3, under § 35). Ramusio does not follow the Spanish verson in this curious reduplication, but adopts the spelling Fachalhat and turns Sur into Hor. Col. S. B. Miles's comparison of the name with Tyre (Tsor) and of Kuryat with Carthage and his supposition that these names denote an early Phoenician trading settlement are probably well founded, but Mr. Schoff's opinion that the modern Kalat in Balochistan represents "an eastern migration of this tribe name" is untenable. Kalat is simply the Arabic and kala'at, a fort, and is applied to many places in Persia, Afghanistan, etc., such as Kalat-i-Nadiri, Kalat-i-Ghaizai. Berthelot marks Sür as R. de Sor. Sür was the starting point of Wellsted's expedition to explore South 'Oman (J. R. Wellsted, Travels in Arabia, 1838) in 1835, and also of that of Col. 8. B. Miles in 1883 (Geng. Journal, 1896, p. 522). » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.68 fn.2 ※ SOURCE for Soor « Arrivés, le soir, en vue de Soor, nos matelots se servent des récifs comme de bornes pour amarrer notre Argo à l'entrée de la jolie petite baie du même nom, située à 22° 32' de latitude nord et 57° 3' de longitude est. Cette ville est une des plus importantes de la côte depuis Mokallah; elle est environnée d'un haut et épais mur en pierre, flanquée des monts Dj.-Soor et défen- due par plusieurs tours munies de canons. Son origine est phénicienne; elle a deux issues, l'une du côté de la terre, qui se dirige vers Mascate; l'autre, qui donne sur la mer et sur le port, abrité du k'oos et dans lequel les navires peuvent mouiller par cinq brasses d'eau. On y remarque entre autres plusieurs jolies mosquées ornées de minarets passables et le palais du gouverneur (alors Hammoud-Bédaour), nommé à ce poste par les imams de Mascate. » #2692 Col. Louis Du Couret, Les Mystères du Désert, E. Dentu, Paris, 1859 ~ p.356 « The large and powerful Jenebeh tribe, whose chief towns are Soor and A1 Ashkharah, and who still possess the coast-line from Ras al Had to Dhofer, as they have done for two thousand years or more, are a seafaring race and do not rear camels. » #161 Miles, Samuel Barrett, On the border of the great desert: a journey in Oman (Continued), The Geographical Journal, London, 1910 (Oct.) 36:4:405-25 ~ p. 416 ※ SOURCE for Sur « Sûr, the port which still exists immediately north of the Cape, is represented by the form Char (i.e., Shar) adopted by Barbosa. Cor (for C¸or) in the Spanish version and Cor in Ribero's map are closer to the Arabic form; but both the Spanish version and Ribero wrongly place Cor immediately east of his imaginary Cape Fasalhat, which he places in the position of Ras Madraka, which Berthelot in 1635 gives correctly as Matraque. (See p. 58, n. 3, under § 35). Ramusio does not follow the Spanish verson in this curious reduplication, but adopts the spelling Fachalhat and turns Sur into Hor. Col. S. B. Miles's comparison of the name with Tyre (Tsor) and of Kuryat with Carthage and his supposition that these names denote an early Phoenician trading settlement are probably well founded, but Mr. Schoff's opinion that the modern Kalat in Balochistan represents "an eastern migration of this tribe name" is untenable. Kalat is simply the Arabic and kala'at, a fort, and is applied to many places in Persia, Afghanistan, etc., such as Kalat-i-Nadiri, Kalat-i-Ghaizai. Berthelot marks Sür as R. de Sor. Sür was the starting point of Wellsted's expedition to explore South 'Oman (J. R. Wellsted, Travels in Arabia, 1838) in 1835, and also of that of Col. 8. B. Miles in 1883 (Geng. Journal, 1896, p. 522). » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.68 fn.2 ṣūr is placed in the map [849] Arabic Tabula Rogeriana, Al-Idrisi, 1154, Bibliotheque Nationale de France (MS Arabe 2221) Sur 1 : arch. site OMN UTM: GK612981 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5696076068103 long 59.5401770514905 VARIANT names: Sur 1 , ※ SOURCE for Sur 1 « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Sur 2 : arch. site OMN UTM: GK582966 converted to coordinate: lat 22.5565281395821 long 59.5107783563278 VARIANT names: Sur 2 , ※ SOURCE for Sur 2 « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 287 Surakh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079112 coordinate: lat 34.4141 long 49.4942 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Bala , Qal`eh-ye Bala Saruq , Qal`eh-ye Saruq , Saruq , Surakh , ساروق , قلعه بالا , قلعه ساروق , VARIANT names: Surakh , ※ SOURCE for Surakh « At 23¾ miles the road ascends between low hills, and then descends over undulating ground to the village of Surikh, where there are 200 houses and four ganāts. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 239 Surakh Bedar : stream grp 5 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STMI UFI: -3086442 coordinate: lat 29.862222 long 50.871944 NIMA/GNS names: Surakh Bedar , VARIANT names: Surakh Bedar , Suran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.11189 long 57.858308 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Suran , ※ SOURCE for Suran « Suran » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Isfandaqeh H-40V 1941} « Their presence was no doubt kindly meant, but as they would gallop and dash backwards and forwards on their silky horses, their only immediate effect was to make our beasts restless and joggy and troublesome. Then they insisted on our taking a "short cut" and separated un from our precious caravan, so that we had to ride all day in some uncertainty as to whether we should happily rejoin it or not. Finally they dragged us in thro’ a maze of ploughed fields to the village of Sarun instead of letting us camp in comfort and quiet at a little distance beaide the high-road. Saron is a tiny village of miserable little “haystack” huts and we excited great interest and curiosity and again had all the population standing or squatting round as in rows, looking oh so cold in thin cotton rags. Here as everywhere, the people are most friendly and tho’ curious keep at a respectful distance and give no trouble. » #3296 Emily Overend Lorimer, letter 'En route from Bandar Abbas to Kerman. The Village of Kishku', British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, 1912-13 ~ pp. 9-10 Surian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086481 coordinate: lat 30.4551 long 53.651 NIMA/GNS names: Sureyan , Surian , Suriyan , سوریان , VARIANT names: Surian , Surkhabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086202 coordinate: lat 34.828194 long 48.635407 NIMA/GNS names: Sorkhabad , Surkhabad , سرخ آباد , سرخ آباد , VARIANT names: Sourk-Abad , Surkhabad , ※ SOURCE for Sourk-Abad « Après avoir laissé un vil-lage sur la droite, à peu de distance du che-min, et avoir passé près d'un autre plus considérable, embelli par des jardins attrayans, nous nous détournons un peu pour aller dans un troisième appelé Sourk-Abad, où notre guide avait quelque chose à prendre chez un de ses parens qui en était le chef. [After leaving a village on the right, a short distance from the path, and passing near another more considerable one, embellished with attractive gardens, we turned aside a little to go to a third called Sourk-Abad, where our guide had something to take from one of his relatives who was the chief.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 pp. 268-9 Surmak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086495 coordinate: lat 31.0359 long 52.8404 NIMA/GNS names: Soormagh , Surmak , Surmaq , سورمق , VARIANT names: Surmak , Surmek , ※ SOURCE for Surmek « where villages and gardens are almost continuous to Surmek. The latter is a large village, with post-house built with high walls rather out of repair, in the shape of a parallelogram; each face has four round towers connected by curtains of about 50 yards. A weakly-walled suburb outside the main wall on the S. side contains a few houses. The cultivation of the village extends to the hills which are about half a mile distant to the N., a wide, stony plain on the right of the road bounding it to the S. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 188 Surreh-Dereh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.426459 long 46.022822 † basis (approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Surreh-Dereh , ※ SOURCE for Surreh-Dereh « On the summit is a large caravanserai and a village named Surreh-Dereh. Here we crossed the Persian frontier, and then descended rapidly to the very pretty village of Kirrind, situated in a deep gorge, formed by mountains rising precipitously on every side. » #2941 Austen Henry Layard, Early Adventures in Persia, Susiana, and Babylonia, John Murray, London, 1887, ~ vol. 1 p. 220 Suru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086502 coordinate: lat 27.162253 long 56.23662 NIMA/GNS names: Siru , Soro , Soru , Surak , Suru , سر , سرو , سورك , سورو , VARIANT names: Benderi du ser , Caura , Chaurú , Kahūrū , Karú , Saru , Shahru , Siru , Sourou , Suru , Tusar , ※ SOURCE for Benderi du ser « We learned in this villa that the port they call Benderi du ser, or Port of the Two Capes, where we wanted to go to embark secretly, to be the closest to Hormuz, is the least frequented by Cafile » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 289 ※ SOURCE for Caura « Au piéd de la chaîne de collines qui ferme la presqu’île, la plage de Kahūrū (“le petit kahūr”) (88), sur la côte ouest, n’était pas utilisée pour le débarquement des marchandises. Son éloignement relatif de la ville (89) en faisait un lieu de retraite ou de divertissement, et à l'occasion un point propice aux descentes ennemies (90). fn. 88 Chaurú (Couto, VI/10-3, p. 416); Karú (Teixeira, II, p. 21, 36, etc.); Caura (doc. de 1622, dans Luciano Cordeiro, Dois capitães da India, Lisbonne 1898, p. 40). Cf. aussi Figueroa, I, p. 254, 255. fn. 89 Nimdihi, sous 820, place Kahürü à un demi-farsah, soit environ 3 km. Les auteurs portugais ayant résidé à Ormuz donnent des distances un peu plus courtes (l'aggloméra- tion s'étant étendue ?): un tiers de lieue selon Bastião Lopez Lobato, lettre à D. Afonso de Noronha, d'Ormuz, 31.X.1552 (CC. I-89-9); deux mille passos selon Teixeira, II, p. 21. Cf. aussi note 92. fn. 90 Les Ottomans de Piri Reis y débarquent en 1552, les Anglo-Persans en 1622. 91 Ga'fari (inédit); Titolo das remdas, p. 225. [At the foot of the chain of hills that encloses the peninsula, Kahūrū beach (“little kahūr”) (88), on the west coast, was not used for landing goods. Its relative remoteness from the city (89) made it a place of retreat or entertainment, and on occasion a favorable point for enemy raids (90). fn. 88 Chaurú (Couto, VI/10-3, p. 416); Karú (Teixeira, II, p. 21, 36, etc.); Caura (doc. of 1622, in Luciano Cordeiro, Dois capitães da India, Lisbon 1898, p. 40). See also Figueroa, I, p. 254, 255. fn. 89 Nimdihi, under 820, places Kahürü at half a farsah, or about 3 km. Portuguese authors who resided in Ormuz give slightly shorter distances (the agglomeration having extended?): a third of a league according to Bastião Lopez Lobato, letter to D. Afonso de Noronha, from Ormuz, 31. X.1552 (CC.I-89-9); two thousand passos according to Teixeira, II, p. 21. See also footnote 92. fn. 90 The Ottomans from Piri Reis landed there in 1552, the Anglo-Persians in 1622. 91 Ga'fari (unpublished); Titolo das remdas, p. 225.] » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ pp. 93-4 ※ SOURCE for Chaurú « CHAURÚ, lugar de - Sirú, em 27° 10' lat. N. e 56° 15' long. E., no litoral norte do estreito de Clarence, a ocidente e próximo da ilha de Ormuz. [Diogo do Couto - Da Ásia]. .» #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 228 ※ SOURCE for Kahūrū « Au piéd de la chaîne de collines qui ferme la presqu’île, la plage de Kahūrū (“le petit kahūr”) (88), sur la côte ouest, n’était pas utilisée pour le débarquement des marchandises. Son éloignement relatif de la ville (89) en faisait un lieu de retraite ou de divertissement, et à l'occasion un point propice aux descentes ennemies (90). fn. 88 Chaurú (Couto, VI/10-3, p. 416); Karú (Teixeira, II, p. 21, 36, etc.); Caura (doc. de 1622, dans Luciano Cordeiro, Dois capitães da India, Lisbonne 1898, p. 40). Cf. aussi Figueroa, I, p. 254, 255. fn. 89 Nimdihi, sous 820, place Kahürü à un demi-farsah, soit environ 3 km. Les auteurs portugais ayant résidé à Ormuz donnent des distances un peu plus courtes (l'aggloméra- tion s'étant étendue ?): un tiers de lieue selon Bastião Lopez Lobato, lettre à D. Afonso de Noronha, d'Ormuz, 31.X.1552 (CC. I-89-9); deux mille passos selon Teixeira, II, p. 21. Cf. aussi note 92. fn. 90 Les Ottomans de Piri Reis y débarquent en 1552, les Anglo-Persans en 1622. 91 Ga'fari (inédit); Titolo das remdas, p. 225. [At the foot of the chain of hills that encloses the peninsula, Kahūrū beach (“little kahūr”) (88), on the west coast, was not used for landing goods. Its relative remoteness from the city (89) made it a place of retreat or entertainment, and on occasion a favorable point for enemy raids (90). fn. 88 Chaurú (Couto, VI/10-3, p. 416); Karú (Teixeira, II, p. 21, 36, etc.); Caura (doc. of 1622, in Luciano Cordeiro, Dois capitães da India, Lisbon 1898, p. 40). See also Figueroa, I, p. 254, 255. fn. 89 Nimdihi, under 820, places Kahürü at half a farsah, or about 3 km. Portuguese authors who resided in Ormuz give slightly shorter distances (the agglomeration having extended?): a third of a league according to Bastião Lopez Lobato, letter to D. Afonso de Noronha, from Ormuz, 31. X.1552 (CC.I-89-9); two thousand passos according to Teixeira, II, p. 21. See also footnote 92. fn. 90 The Ottomans from Piri Reis landed there in 1552, the Anglo-Persians in 1622. 91 Ga'fari (unpublished); Titolo das remdas, p. 225.] » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ pp. 93-4 ※ SOURCE for Karú « KARU, lugar de - V. Chaurú, lugar de . » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. D-N p. 167 ※ SOURCE for Saru « The village of Saru is open to the sea-breeze. Its houses glancing white through the screen of trees, are apparently constructed of stone and lime. The village seems to be the garden of Bunder Abbas, and to be used by the well-to-do inhabitants. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 38 ※ SOURCE for Shahru « The name Djarun was transferred to the small town and port of Suru or Shahru on the mainland 17 km to the north-west, where goods in transit to or from Hormuz were transhipped; this name became corrupted to Gamru and was further corrupted by Europeans into Gambrun, Gombrun and Gombroon. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 3 p. 585 ※ SOURCE for Sourou « Sourou » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Suru « The name Djarun was transferred to the small town and port of Sūrū or Shahru on the mainland 17 km to the north-west, where goods in transit to or from Hormuz were transhipped; this name became corrupted to Gamru and was further corrupted by Europeans into Gambrun, Gombrun and Gombroon. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 3 p. 585 « From Târum the caravan road went almost due south to the coast, where lay the port of Sûrû, or Shahrû, over against the island of Hurmuz. Mustawfi names the port Tûsar, but the reading is un- certain. The Arab geographers speak of Sûrû as a village of fisher- men, having no mosque, and dependent for the water-supply on wells dug in the neighbouring hills. There was, Mukaddasî adds, much trade with 'Omân across the gulf, and the place, which he speaks of as a small town, lay exactly on the Kirmân frontier. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905 ~ p. 292 ※ SOURCE for Tusar « Mustawfî names the port Tûsar, but the reading is uncertain. The Arab geographers speak of Suru as a village of fishermen, having no mosque, and dependent for the water-supply on wells dug in the neighbouring hills. There was, Mu?addasî adds, much trade with 'Oman across the gulf, and the place, which he speaks of as a small town, lay exactly on the Kirmân border. » #895 p. 292 Susan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: LCTY UFI: 11141630 coordinate: lat 32.014988 long 49.861474 NIMA/GNS names: Susan , سوسن , VARIANT names: Susan , ※ SOURCE for Susan « In the mountainous upper course [Karun river] there are no longer any towns of importance. In late antiquity and in the Middle Ages the most prominent were Süsan (also called 'Arüdi or 'Arüh and Djābalik) on the right bank, and Idhadi [g.v.] or Mal-Amir opposite. Along the upper course in parts runs a road pro-tected by many forts, now mostly in ruins. The Kārūn in general is historically one of the most in-teresting rivers in Persia owing to the numerous ruins from ancient times which are everywhere found on its banks. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 4 p. 675 « SUSAN, a ruined site on the Upper Kārün in Khūzistan in the territory of the Lür tribe of the Bakhtiyaris [q. v.], 5 hours Journey from Dizfül; cf. above, ii, p. 779a. The place is also called 'Arudy (or 'Aruh) and Diabalik by the Persian geographers. H. Rawlinson discovered these ruins in 1836; Layard then visited them twice (1840, 1841) and made several important corrections in his predecessor's description, which was in part based only on the information of natives. » #2865 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1st Edition, ~ vol. 4 p. 570 « Occupying both banks of the river, and four leagues to the north-west of Idhaj, was the small town called Súsan, otherwise known as 'Arûj (or 'Arûh). Round this place stretched extensive gardens, producing grapes, citrons, and oranges, and Mustawfî says that the mountains, on which snow still lay in summer, were only four leagues distant. 'Arûj, or Sûsan, was also known as Jabalak, and this place according to some authorities is to be identified with 'Shushan the palace' of the book of Daniel. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 246 « Susan » in {map#1363 in #3538 Captain H. E. Wells, Surveying Tours in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, vol. 5:no. 3:pp. 138-163 ~ fig. map to accompany article} NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.47 long 61.9 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Sutkagen Dor , ※ SOURCE for Sutkagen Dor « Undifferentiated site and find-spot » #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975 p. 87. Approximate site taken from map and located near to the Dasht river and the present town of Domeli (pbr) Suwaik : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786302 coordinate: lat 23.849444 long 57.438611 NIMA/GNS names: As Suwaiq , As Suwayq , Suwaik , Suwayq , السويق , VARIANT names: Suik , Suwaik , ※ SOURCE for Suik « Suik is, next to Sohar, the largest place on this coast, and is in lat. 23° 51, 7" N., long. 57° 32' 35" E. It contains about three thousand inhabitants, but the influence of the chief, who is a cousin of the Imaum, extends over the Bedouins of the interior, to the amount of near ten thousand. He is of more political influence and power than any chief in the Imaum's dominions. There is blood between them, and though acknowledging the Imaum as his chief and sovereign, he only renders him such obedience as suits his convenience; He is a fine looking man, about thirty years of age. His name is Souf bin Biddoo. He was very attentive to our wants, and professed much attachment to the British Government. His revenues are about eight to ten thousand dollars for the places he holds on the coast, and he has about double that sum from his family estates in the interior. He is much beloved by his followers, and many think him most likely to succeed the Imaum in his Arabian territories. There are two or three forts at this place, and they are guarded with much vigilance. Suik has some trade with Bussora and the Malabar Coast, and it imports large quantities of Malabar rice from Muskat, which is again disposed of to the Bedouins from the interior, who bring down ghee and hard coin In exchange for it. Supplies of cattle and poultry are in great plenty here, as well as water; grapes pomegranates, melons, figs, and various other fruits, as well as vegetables, are plentiful in their seasons; and fish is plentiful at all tithes. The anchorage is in six fathoms, abreast the fort, a mile and a quarter off' shore: » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p.627 ※ SOURCE for Suwaik « Sultan went next to es-Suwaik,(1) which was then in the hands of his brother Said-bin-el-Imam, and captured it, and from him he also took el-Masnaah. fn. 1 Suwaik is, next to Sonar, the largest place on the east coast of 'Oman, northward of Maskat. It is a walled town containing about seven hundred houses, with a strong fort in the centre. » #482 Razik, Salil-Ibn, History of the Imâms and Seyyids of ’Omân ... from A.D. 661-1856. Translated from the original Arabic and edited, with notes, appendices, and an introduction, continuing the history down to 1870, by G. P. Badger, Darf Publishers Limited, London, 1871/1986 ~ p. 226 Suwayh : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786301 coordinate: lat 22.08738 long 59.68681 NIMA/GNS names: As Siwayh , As Suwaih , As Suwayh , Suwaih , Suwayh , Suweih , السويح , VARIANT names: Suwayh , ※ SOURCE for Suwayh « Al Suwayh (22°06'N., 59°42'E.), a village of mud huts about 1 mile NNE of Khawr Bani Bu Ali, is only inhabited during the Northeast Monsoon. » #2696 Pub. 172 Sailing Directions (Enroute) Red Sea and The Persian Gulf, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, Virginia, U.S.A., 2022 ~ p. 201 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 25.747 long 57.621 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Taa , ※ SOURCE for Taa #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ Indica 29.5 Tabas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086556 coordinate: lat 33.595856 long 56.924368 NIMA/GNS names: Golshan , Gulshan , Tabas , طبس , VARIANT names: Dattee , Tabas , Tabbas , Tabox , Tebes , Tobaz , ※ SOURCE for Dattee « The 25. day we trauelled 7. forsongs to a Towne called Dattee, where was great store of Muskmillions and there wee had good reléefe. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ pp. 51-2 ※ SOURCE for Tabbas « The group of four villages known as Chardeh, are Jowcar, Tugianun, Tuskinun, and Madiabad, containing altogether about 800 inhabitants.On the 29th October I rode into Tabbas, which is 10 miles from Chardeh, over a sandy plain. This place, I believe, had not been visited by any Englishmen before my arrival, except by Colonel Macgregor some six years previously, though it has been visited by several Russians, especially those of Khanikoff's mission.Sir John Malcolm has thrown a sort of halo over Tabbas by his description of it and its ruler in his history of Persia, but it is really a very ordinary town. A portion of it is fortified with a deep ditch and walls, stronger and in better repair than is usual in Persia. The gates are also thickly plated with iron, and though of course not a strong place, it is in better order than most Persian towns, where, if the gate is strong enough to resist being kicked in by a Turkoman's horse, it is considered sufficient. The fortified portion contains about 5000 inhabitants, but the mass of the people live outside. There is a wide street outside the town which has rather a fine appearance. The mass of the population live beyond the walls. » #1787 Stewart, C. E., The Country of the Tekke Turkomans, and the Tejend and Murghab Rivers, Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, 1881 (Sep.), 3:9:513-46 ~ p. 522 ※ SOURCE for Tabox « Now there are two towns which the name Tabox may refer to-Tabas or Tebes, situated in 33° 35' N. 56° 50' E., » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ notes p. 350 ※ SOURCE for Tebes « Now there are two towns which the name Tabox may refer to-Tabas or Tebes, situated in 33° 35' N. 56° 50' E., » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ notes p. 350 « Bey diesem Dorffe licget die Königliche Festung Tebes. Die Giste dieses Ortes hielte uns etliche Tage auff. [Near this village lies the Royal Fortress of Tebes. The gate of this place would keep us for several days.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 65 « Bey diesem Dorffe licget die Königliche Festung Tebes. Die Giste dieses Ortes hielte uns etliche Tage auff. [Near this village lies the Royal Fortress of Tebes. The gate of this place would keep us for several days.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 65 ※ SOURCE for Tobaz « The 29th we went five p. to Tobaz, where we had to pay half an abacee for each camel. At this place all caravans take four or five days rest, the better to enable them to pass the adjoining salt desert, which extends four long days jour-ney, and in which many miscarry. We found here a small caravan of an hundred camels, which set off the next day af-ter our arrival. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 215 Tabas : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086561 coordinate: lat 32.806933 long 60.222299 NIMA/GNS names: Masina , Tabas , Tabas Masina , Tabas-e Masina , طبس مسينا , VARIANT names: Tabas , Tabiran : place IRN (Iliat stage) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.428652 long 48.508693 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tabiran , ※ SOURCE for Tabiran « Tabiran » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. I-39S Dizful} « Encamp near a stream on an Iliat camping ground called Tabiran. The road up to the point where it enters the low hills would become very heavy in wet weather. After entering the hills, ground becomes very broken on right and left of the road, being cut up by deep ravines, which in some cases have perpendicular sides from 200 to 400 feet in height.. Only infantry and mountain batteries could manœuvre over this ground, but cavalry scouts if under an officer with a know-ledge of the nature of the country, might be of great service. There is no village at Tabiran as it is only an Iliat stage. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 119 « Tabiran » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No. 9 Tehran 1917} « Leave the road and descend to en-camp near a stream on our right on an "ilyat" camping-ground called Tabiran. » #3560 McSwiney, Lieut. W. D., A Reconnaissance In South-West Persia, [?9r] (22/90), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F112/397, in Qatar Digital Library, 1891 ~ p. 40/92 Tabriz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086571 coordinate: lat 38.08 long 46.2919 NIMA/GNS names: Tabriz , Tauris , Tebriz , تبريز , VARIANT names: Tabriz , ※ SOURCE for Tabriz TABR^Z [X:41b] #EI2 Taduwan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073342 coordinate: lat 28.8287 long 53.3259 NIMA/GNS names: Madavan , Madevan , Tadavan , Taduwan , تادوان , VARIANT names: dorp Tadderwangh , Dottiuan , Tadavan , Tada-woen , Tadejun (Tadewun) , Tadivan , Tadovan , Taduan , Taduwan , Tadwan , Tudun , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Taduwan FOR Coughton [], ※ SOURCE for dorp Tadderwangh « 19 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 361 ※ SOURCE for Dottiuan « August 21. We rose from Moocack Sookta, and went 4 Farsanges or leagues out of our way to see Dottiuan, situated in the most pleasant and fruitful plaine (as reported) in all Persia, where we lodged this night in a garden belonging to yeDuch (the same affording no Caravansarai), near a small rivulett that runs through it. The Gardener gave us store of Figgs (yeleast, but as good as I have seen), Grapes, Pomegranetts, Peaches, and Wall-nutts, all very good of their kind. The towne is full of Gardens, all plentifully watered with Cutts out of a River running by it, out of which we had brought us two good dishes of Fish, which cost but 1 Mamoodee: 2 of them were 20 inches long apiece. This is the most pleasant, fruitfull place I have yet seen in Persia. We are promised a guide on our way this Afternoon (God willing) to Cossir, who will show us certain great Vaults under y Rocks, large enough, some of them, to hold 1000 men. » #3146 Yule, Henry Colonel, The Diary Of William Hedges, The Hakluyt Society, London, 1889 ~ vol. 1 pp. 206-7 ※ SOURCE for Tadavan « the traveller arrived at the village of Tadavan. This was a pleasant, large village which had much water, cattle, fruit and large fish. Speelman added that it had not more than one hundred mud dwellings and that it was a vaqf. Tavernier observed that the road via Tadavan was not the normal one taken by caravans, which forked right, whilst he himself went straight onwards, arriving at a plain, called Tadavan, which was full of orange, lemon and pomegranate orchards. Its streams were also filled with various kinds of fish, while the Europeans living in Bandar 'Abbas often spent the summer here. fn. 87 Kaempfer, Reisetagebucher, p 113 (Tadejun; Tadewun); Winninx, 19 July and 11 November (Taddervangh); Thevenot, vol. II, p. 127 (Tadivan); Speelman, pp. 72-3 (Taduwan), who also mentioned the old historical buildings in the mountains and gave a very detailed description of his visit to this site, ibid., pp. 75-81; Tavernier, pp. 311-14 (Dadivan); Hedges, pp. 206-7 (Dottiuan); Chardin, vol. VIII, pp. 463-4 (Taduan); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 313 (Tadawoen). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 76 ※ SOURCE for Tada-woen « Nous pourfuivimes notre chemin à 6. heures du matin,paffimes encore à côté de plufieurs jolies maifonsde beaux jardins, où nous nous repofâmes à l'ombre, après une traite de 3. lieuës, le foleil édr. tant fort ardent,pluſieurs de nos gens incommodez. Ce jardin eit fitué dans le bourg de Tada-woen, qui ne fublifte que de fes jardins, qui font remplis de grenadiers, d'orangers, de figuiers [We continued our journey at 6 o'clock in the morning, passing again next to several pretty houses and beautiful gardens, where we rested in the shade, after a journey of 3 leagues, le foleil edr. so very ardent, several of our people are inconvenienced. This garden was located in the village of Tada-woen, which only has gardens, which are filled with pomegranate trees, orange trees, fig trees] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ pp. 313-3 ※ SOURCE for Tadejun (Tadewun) « ½ Farsach, Tadejun oder Tadewun (Tâdawân), ein nach derselben Landschaft benanntes Dorf [½ Farsach, Tadejun or Tadewun (Tâdawân), a village named after the same landscape] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 113 ※ SOURCE for Tadivan « at the foot of a Hill, there is a Village call Tadivan, where the River of Paira loſes it ſelſ and ends. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p. 127 ※ SOURCE for Tadovan « Tadovan » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 13 Karawanenwege zwischen Firuzabad und Djahrom} « Tadovan » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 186 Karavanserail Aliabad (Gasun), Lageskizze} ※ SOURCE for Taduan « Entre Kafer et Moukak, à demi-lieue du grand chemin, sur la droite, il y a un bourg nommé Taduan (1), qui est un des plus délicieux endroits de la Perse. Il est situé au bout d'une plaine, qui s'étend demi-lieue en longueur, et qui est toute couverte de jardins. fn. 1 Thévenot (tom. IV, pag. 446) nomme ce village Tadivan, et le place sur la route de Lår, à 6 ághatch de Pâisa. C. le Bruyn (tom. IV, pag. 45g) le nomme Tadavoun, et dit que les nom- breux et fertiles jardins qui en dépendent sont fertilisés par les caux des montagnes environnantes, et renferment une quantité de grenadiers, de figuiers, d'orangers, de péchers, de palmiers. Les habitans trouvent de quoi subsister abondamment dans le produit de leurs récoltes, dont ils yont, ou plutôt alloient vendre les fruits à Isspahan. (L-s.) [Between Kafer and Moukak, half a league from the main road, on the right, there is a town called Taduan (1), which is one of the most delicious places in Persia. It is situated at the end of a plain, which extends half a league in length, and which is entirely covered with gardens. fn. 1 Thévenot (tom. IV, pag. 446) names this village Tadivan, and places it on the road to Lår, 6 ághatch from Pâisa. C. le Bruyn (tom. IV, pag. 45g) names it Tadavoun, and says that the numerous and fertile gardens which depend on it are fertilized by the waters of the surrounding mountains, and contain a quantity of pomegranate trees, fig trees, orange trees, peach trees, palm trees. The inhabitants find enough to subsist abundantly in the product of their harvests, the fruits of which they have, or rather were going to sell in Isfahan. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 463 ※ SOURCE for Taduwan « In den wegh stont den heer den oppercoopman Angel, den coopman Ham en sijnen secretaris Speelman t'hunnen versoek toe, om ter zijde aff 't dorp Taduwan (3) en 't geen daerbij van seer fn. 3 Tadüan. (De Simla kaart heeft Taluan, maar dat is blijkbaar een drukfout.) Het is het Dadian van Tavernier en Tada-woon (later Tadurwan) van De Bruyn. Esnparig loven alle reizigers de vallei, waarin dit groote dorp gelegen is. Chardin en Tavernier DOmen het, in bijna gelijke woorden, een der heerlijkste oorden van Perzic, ook De Bruyn [In the road, the lord, the chief coopman Angel, the coopman Ham and his secretary Speelman, presented their request to leave the village of Taduwan (3) and everything else about it fn. 3 Tadüan. (The Simla card has Taluan, but that is apparently a printing error.) It is the Dadian of Tavernier and Tada-woon (later Tadurwan) of De Bruyn. All travelers unanimously praise the valley in which this large village is located. Chardin and Tavernier call it, in almost identical words, one of the most wonderful places in Persia, as does De Bruyn] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 72 ※ SOURCE for Tadwan « Rivadaneyra continuing his journey from Firūzābād to Darab crossed the river by a ford between the villages of Tadwān and "Assun-Dscherd" (Asmängird?). He also admires the pleasant and flourishing aspect of Khafr. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 6 p. 384 ※ SOURCE for Tudun « . The road is stony, but the going is easy. At 1 miles a track diverges W.-N.-W. to Tudun, 6 miles, Khaitar, 12 miles, Simakūn, 16 miles, and Maiman. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 178 Taft : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 11845482 coordinate: lat 31.76056 long 54.223034 NIMA/GNS names: Taft , تفت , VARIANT names: Taft , Taste , ※ SOURCE for Taft « we found quarters; such are the modern glories of Taft. Holy men have lived here in time past. An old dome rises above the trees; it is empty, and the doors are gone, but the roof and walls still show beautiful work in blue and gold, with flowered tiles and fresco painting. Over the door, carved in wood, is the Arabic date, corre- sponding to the Christian year 1268. Hard by stand theruins of the shrine built by Shah Niamat Ullah before he fixed his abode in Mahun. These are buildings of some extent, with the remains of handsome mural decorations. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 p. 272 ※ SOURCE for Taste « et III. zornate di là un'altra villa nominata Taste, 333) da la qual caminando una zornata se trova lex, fn. 333. Taste. Sembra trattarsi di Taft, piccola città nel distretto montuoso di Shir-Küh, 40 km. a sud-ovest di Yazd. (Lo.) [and III. kilometers from there is another village called Taste, 333) from which, walking one kilometer, is found lex, fn. 333. Taste. It seems to be Taft, a small town in the mountainous district of Shir-Küh, 40 km. southwest of Yazd. (Lo.)] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 150 Tagau Rabat : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 34.6366436 long 62.83709854 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tagau Rabat , ※ SOURCE for Tagau Rabat « 2256. TAGAU RABAT Original: Lat. 34º 380 N, long. 62º500 E. Map 53. Revised: 34.6366436 N, 62.83709854 E / 34º 380 11.91694704 N, 62º 500 13.55474580 E. Herat Province. At the northern foot of Zarmast Pass, 9 km from Armalik. Description: A ruined caravanserai. Fieldwork: 1885 Peacocke, ABC—topographical survey. Source: Peacocke 1887a: 224—mention. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 449 Taghab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087004 coordinate: lat 32.839327 long 58.930815 NIMA/GNS names: Mohammadabad , Taghab , Taqab , تقاب , VARIANT names: Tagau , Taghab , ※ SOURCE for Tagau « 23. Augusti blieben wir im Dorffe Tagau. [On August 23rd we stayed in the village of Tagau.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 66 Tagh-e Tavileh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.8348021544583 long 49.8494162062698 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tagh-e Tavileh , ※ SOURCE for Tagh-e Tavileh « Tagh-e Tavileh. Ruins of a palace dating back to the Ilkhanate khanate, around 1300 AD. » Tagh-e Tavileh. online reference link [accessed 15 Jul 2025] Tahel : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3090480 coordinate: lat 33.39487 long 48.155057 NIMA/GNS names: Shahid Bahonar , Tahel , Tal Mian-e Ne`mat , Tal-e Ne`mat , Tall-e Shahid Bahonar , Tel , تل , تل شهید باهنر , تل ميان نعمت , تل نعمت , تل نعمت , تهل , VARIANT names: Tahel , Taheru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086652 coordinate: lat 26.5523 long 57.102 NIMA/GNS names: Taherani , Taheru , Taheru'i , Tahru'i , Taru , Turu , ترو , طاهرانی , طاهرو , طاهروئی , طاهروئی , VARIANT names: Taheru , Tahruy , ※ SOURCE for Tahruy « 8-30 made a start; for about 2 miles followed the line of some sandhills, then it came on to rain harder than ever. From this point road went out on to an open plain, with lots of camelthorn and low scrub all about. At 9-20 passed the village of Tahruy; » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 31 Tahiri : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086632 coordinate: lat 27.665726 long 52.346157 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Siraf , Bandar-e Taheri , Bandar-i Tahiri , Siraf , Tabiri , Taheri , Tahiri , بندر سيرف , بندر طاهری , سيرف , طاهری , VARIANT names: Chetou , Cheylo , Chilaao , Chilao , Chilao ou Chiraf , Chilau , Chiloe , Chylam , Saraf , Sarif , Schilu , Shilau , Shilau , Shilaw , Shilu , Silaú , Silaw , Siraf , Ssi-lien , Suhriyaj , Suriyanj , Taheri , Tahiree , Tahiri , Tahrie , Tari , Tauhree , Taurie , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Tahiri FOR Chiloe [], ※ SOURCE for Chetou « Chetou (57 B) : [Siraf, Shilau] Taheri » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006, ~ p. 417 « Chetou » in {map#362 Carte du Golfe Persique depuis Bassora jusqu'au Cap Rasalgate, Guillaume Nicolas Delahaye D'apres De Mannevillette, 1775, Leiden, Universiteitsbibliotheek (Collectie Bodel Nijenhuis, Portf. 175, n° 108)} see AHduGP map 57 [ Chetou after Assetou and before C.de Bardistan. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Cheylo « In this area, there is some confusion on early European charts and descriptions concerning a place ’Chiloe‘. Near Tahiri, they recorded a place called ‘Chiru’, while more to the East, near Cape Naband, they charted a place ’Shilau’. Also more to the East, there is a rather important place Nakhilu. These seem to have been freely mixed up in old maps and descriptions. Carre calls ’Chiru’ Chirou, ‘Shilau’ Cheylo (the French ch is pronounced as sh and Nakhilu Kailo. (59) Beyond Cape Naband is the territory of a tribe called A1 Haram, who were active pearl divers. The A1 Haram acquired the island of Bahrain during the first half of the eighteenth century. In the eighteenth century, their westernmost village was Shilau, while Asalu was their most important settlement. The name Asalu is already mentioned in a Dutch document of 1632 as the name of a pearlbank. On a manuscript nautical chart of the Dutch East India Company of the late seventeenth century it is mentioned as a place, together with another place of the A1 Haram, Nabon. Asalu was visited in 1672 by the French traveler Carre, who gives a description of the place.(60) fn. 59 ‘Chiru’ as such is first seen on Ottens’s map in Slot, Origins, plate 18. In the early nineteenth century, it was already deserted: Brucks in Bombay Selections, pp. xxiv, 591. It is not probable that Chiru is identical with the Chilu, which is a large place on early Portuguese maps, although confusion may have been caused by the difficulties the Portuguese have in distinguishing L and R. fn. 60 Kniphausen’s report fol. 4-4v (=Floor, ‘Description’, pp. 168-169). Niebuhr, Beschreibung, p. 314, is very summary but on pp. 330-331 some interesting but probably not completely reliable details about the history of the A1 Haram rule over Bahrain. Carre, Travels, vol. 3, p. 832 is the most detailed early text on Asalu. VOC vol. 1113, fol. 225v. mentions Asalu as a centre of pearldivers, already in 1632. It figures on early Dutch maps: ARA VEL 220. The important place ‘Chilau’ on early Portuguese maps probably is not Shilau but Nakhilu. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 20 ※ SOURCE for Chilaao mentioned by European travellers of the 16th century, e.g. by Antonio Tenreiro as Chilaao (1528) and Gasparo Balbi as Silau (1590), but subsequent references are to a simple harbour only at the modern village. #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ IX:667b ※ SOURCE for Chilao « Chilao (25 B) : [Siriif, Shilau] Taheri » #1939 Couto, Dejanirah, Bacqué-Grammont, Jean-Louis, and Taleghani, Mahmoud (eds.), Atlas historique du golfe Persique (XVIe-XVIIIe siècles), Turnhout, Brepols, 2006, ~ p. 417 « Chilao » in {map#576 15ª carta: Mar Vermelho e Golfo Pérsico, Livro De Marinharia, de João de Lisboa, , 1560, Colecção Cartográfica, n.º 166, Arquivo Nacional, Torre do Tombo, Lisbon, Colecção Cartográfica, n.º 166} see PMC vol. 1 EST 96A and AHduGP map 25 [ Chilao after c. de nabam and before c. de Uerdestão . PBR] « Along this coast we sailed for thirty-five days, with much toil and trouble. Our provision began to fail; nor could we renew it there, for all that shore is disturbed by the wanton ravages of the Portuguese fustas,(2) which commonly cruize there. When we had got to Chilao near Verdostam, a place in a sound between Point Vedican and the shoals of Kane,(3) the head wind increased and continued. So, perforce, having lost an anchor and cable, and very nearly run on the shore,(1) which was close aboard, the captain gave orders to bear away for Harmuz, and in four days we ran eighty leagues; that we had gained, with much toil, in five-and-thirty. fn. 2 Small armed vessels, Anglice, “foists.” fn. 3 Chilao is probably Shilu, “four miles to the westward of Tahiri” (Persian Gulf Pilot, p. 255). Bardistan is not far away, and is on all recent maps and charts. The Point of Vedican is Ras Naband, sheltering Bandar Baid Khan; and the shoals of Kane are certainly those of Ras-al-Mutaf, near whose northern end is Ras-al-Khan – not that this name matters much in their identification, which depends on position. fn. 1 The fourth use of "dar al travez" for "to run ashore," in the Viage. » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ ※ SOURCE for Chilao ou Chiraf « Chilao ou Chiraf fn. 4 On y voit encore les ruines de quelques maisons européennes. [fn. 4 We can still see the ruins of some European houses there.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Chilau « CHILAU, vila de - Nome dado por João de Barros a um lugar do litoral norte do golfo Pérsico, sito entre Bushire e o cabo Naband, que não obstante propende- mos a identificar com Shiwuh, em 27' 05' lat. N. e 53° 09' long. E., ao norte e pró- ximo da ilha Sheikh Shuaib. Briga com esta identificação o facto de Barros colocar Chilau entre Bushire e o ras Naband, ou seja uma dúzia de léguas, pelo menos, a noroeste de Shiwuh. Temos porém por provável que o cronista erre a posição de Chilau em relação ao referido cabo, critério que aliás não condena formalmente a hipótese de ser exacta a notícia de Barros e de Chilau corresponder a Salum ou Salum Abadeh, em 28° 26' lat. N. e 51° 08' long. E. [João de Barros-Da Asia]. [CHILAU, village of - Name given by João de Barros to a place on the north coast of the Persian Gulf, located between Bushire and Cape Naband, which we nevertheless tend to identify with Shiwuh, at 27' 05' lat. N. and 53° 09' long. E., to the north and close to the island Sheikh Shuaib. Conflicting with this identification is the fact that Barros places Chilau between Bushire and ras Naband, that is to say a dozen leagues, at least, northwest of Shiwuh. We believe, however, that the chronicler is wrong about Chilau's position in relation to the aforementioned cape, a criterion that does not formally condemn the hypothesis that the news from Barros and Chilau corresponds to Salum or Salum Abadeh, at 28° 26' lat. N. and 51° 08' long. E. [João de Barros-Da Asia].] » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C pp. 236-7 ※ SOURCE for Chiloe « In this area, there is some confusion on early European charts and descriptions concerning a place ’Chiloe‘. Near Tahiri, they recorded a place called ‘Chiru’, while more to the East, near Cape Naband, they charted a place ’Shilau’. Also more to the East, there is a rather important place Nakhilu. These seem to have been freely mixed up in old maps and descriptions. Carre calls ’Chiru’ Chirou, ‘Shilau’ Cheylo (the French ch is pronounced as sh and Nakhilu Kailo. (59) Beyond Cape Naband is the territory of a tribe called Al Haram, who were active pearl divers. The Al Haram acquired the island of Bahrain during the first half of the eighteenth century. In the eighteenth century, their westernmost village was Shilau, while Asalu was their most important settlement. The name Asalu is already mentioned in a Dutch document of 1632 as the name of a pearlbank. On a manuscript nautical chart of the Dutch East India Company of the late seventeenth century it is mentioned as a place, together with another place of the Al Haram, Nabon. Asalu was visited in 1672 by the French traveler Carre, who gives a description of the place.(60) fn. 59 ‘Chiru’ as such is first seen on Ottens’s map in Slot, Origins, plate 18. In the early nineteenth century, it was already deserted: Brucks in Bombay Selections, pp. xxiv, 591. It is not probable that Chiru is identical with the Chilu, which is a large place on early Portuguese maps, although confusion may have been caused by the difficulties the Portuguese have in distinguishing L and R. fn. 60 Kniphausen’s report fol. 4-4v (=Floor, ‘Description’, pp. 168-169). Niebuhr, Beschreibung, p. 314, is very summary but on pp. 330-331 some interesting but probably not completely reliable details about the history of the A1 Haram rule over Bahrain. Carre, Travels, vol. 3, p. 832 is the most detailed early text on Asalu. VOC vol. 1113, fol. 225v. mentions Asalu as a centre of pearldivers, already in 1632. It figures on early Dutch maps: ARA VEL 220. The important place ‘Chilau’ on early Portuguese maps probably is not Shilau but Nakhilu. » #1558 Slot, B. J., The Arabs of the Gulf, 1602-1784 : an alternative approach to the early history of the Arab Gulf states and the Arab peoples of the Gulf, mainly based on sources of the Dutch East India Company, 1993 ~ p. 20 ※ SOURCE for Chylam « Chylam » in {map#1021 [Carte de l'ocean Indien occidental et du golfe Persique Atlas,fol. 8, Diogo Homem, 1561, Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, (Codex Vindobonensis Palatinus 335 f.8)} see PMC vol. 2 EST 120-126 and AHduGP map 28 ※ SOURCE for Saraf « Saraf » in {map#917 The empire of the great Turke in Europe, Asia and Africa, William Berry, 1685, National Library of Israel sys. No. 990026261540205171} see AHduGP map 89 ※ SOURCE for Sarif « Sarif » in {map#979 Indie Orientalie Penisola di qua del gange Larabia el´imperio del Gran Mogol, Nicolas de Fer, 1717, (C.C. 1147 A) Biblioteca Nacional, Lisbon} see AHduGP map 70 ※ SOURCE for Schilu « . Die Awysi-Spitze schliefst die Konkun-Bai auf der Ostseite. Von da geht die Küste in süd-östlicher Erstreckung, wo die Orte Eïenat und Schilú liegen. An dem letztern, der auch Schiraf heiſst, sieht man noch die Ruinen einiger eüropäischen Gebaüde **); dann folgen Tähhrie, Tahrie, Tari in Lat. 27° 42' N. 45), [. The Awysi point closes Konkun Bay on the East side. From there the coast extends in a south-easterly direction, where the places Eïenat and Schilú are located. At the latter, which is also called Schiraf, one can still see the ruins of some European buildings **); then follow Tähhrie, Tahrie, Tari in Lat. 27° 42' N. 45),] » #2908 H. Berghaus, Geo-hydrographisches Memoir zur Erklärung und Erläuterung der reduzirten Karte vom Persischen Golf, Justus Perthes, 1832, ~ p. 41 ※ SOURCE for Shilau « Dans les textes postérieurs à Yâqüt la forme littéraire arabisée, Sirâf, et la forme populaire d’usage courant, Shilâu, se rencontrent concurremment, mais on n’en peut collectionner qu’un nombre d’exemples infime. Le vocable, en effet, s’il subsiste pour désigner la localité, disparaît comme nom de district, ce qui est un indice très net de la régression du centre urbain. La terminologie géographique et administrative a recours désormais pour dénommer l’ex-territoire du Sirâf, à un autre terme, jusque-là non attesté, mais dès lors représenté avec constance: le nom de Fâl. La chaîne montagneuse qui domine Sirâf, et que la tradition géographique ancienne appelle Jibâl Jamm (du nom du canton de l’hinterland de Sirâf) ou Jibâl Sïrâf est appelée Jibal Fal dans les instructions nautiques de Ibn Mâjid, et encore connue sous une forme altérée de ce nom par les marins modernes, alors que l’agglomération de Fal se trouve dans les terres, à l’est du massif montagneux, à deux journées de marche de Sirâf. [In the texts after Yâqüt the Arabicized literary form, Sirâf, and the popular form in current use, Shilâu, are found concurrently, but only a very small number of examples can be collected. The term, in fact, if it remains to designate the locality, disappears as the name of the district, which is a very clear indication of the regression of the urban center. Geographical and administrative terminology now has recourse to denominate the former territory of Sirâf, to another term, hitherto unattested, but henceforth represented with constancy: the name of Fâl. The mountain range which dominates Sirâf, and which the ancient geographical tradition calls Jibâl Jamm (from the name of the canton of the hinterland of Sirâf) or Jibâl Sïrâf is called Jibal Fal in the nautical instructions of Ibn Mâjid, and still known in an altered form of this name by modern sailors, while the agglomeration of Fal is inland, to the east of the mountain range, two days' walk from Sirâf.] » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 ~ p.22 « Shilau » in {map#1032 Figure 5 The site [Siraf], , 1970, #1206 Whitehouse, David, Siraf: A Medieval Port on the Persian Gulf, World Archaeology, 1970 (Oct.) Urban Archaeology 2:2:141-58 ~} with coordinates 27.672408° N. 52.330748° E obtained with overlay in GE. ※ SOURCE for Shilau « The key to understanding the history of the postmedieval settlement at Siraf is provided by Yaqut, who recorded that in his day it was known as Shilau. The name Deh-Shilau is still attached to part of the site, although no trace exists of the village "about four miles to the northwest of Taheri", that was known in the last century as Shila (Stiffe 1895: 172). » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 15 « SHILAU LAT. 27° 40' N.; LONG. 52° 20' E.; ELEV. A small village on the coast of the Persian Gulf, 4 miles westward of Tahir in Fars. (Constable-Stiffe-Persian Gulf Pilot.) » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 pt. 2 p. 922 [The coordinate above is some 150 metres west of the Great Mosque ruins. PBR] « Es verdient Beachtung, dass zu Nearchs Zeit noch keine Spur von dem zur Sasanidenzeit aufgeblühten Hafen Sirâf vorkommt: 20 Miles hinter 'Aselûh bei dem Fischerdorfe Handar Tahiriyah 27° 39' 36" Ν. 52° 20' 40" O. finden sich Ruinen, Grabsteine, Aquäducte und Cisternen, Höhlenwohnungen; 4 Miles weiter erinnert der kleine Ankerplatz Šilûh auch dem Namen nach an das Emporium Kšîrâp, Milch- oder Süsswasser', arab. Siraf سرافvulgo Silaw شیلاو geschrieben auf portugie-sischen Karten Chilão, Xilão, Xilaù, bei Balbi Silaù; bei Niebuhr Šilûh. [It is worth noting that in Nearch's time there is still no trace of the port of Sirâf, which flourished in the Sasanian period: 20 miles behind 'Aselûh near the fishing village of Handar Tahiriyah 27° 39' 36" Ν. 52° 20' 40" E. there are ruins, gravestones, aqueducts and cisterns, cave dwellings; 4 miles further on, the small anchorage of Šilûh, also by name, recalls the emporium Kšîrâp, milk or fresh water', Arabic Siraf سرافvulgo Silaw شیلاو written on Portuguese maps Chilão, Xilão, Xilaù, by Balbi Silaù; by Niebuhr Šilûh.] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 57 ※ SOURCE for Shilaw «Sirāf was certainly partly ruinous in the early 7th/13th century when Yākūt was there, for he describes it as a small place (bulayd) inhabited by wretched people (sa'alik) and with only vestiges visible of its ancient fine buildings (Buldan, ed. Beirut, iii, 294-5; Irshad, ed. Beirut, viii, 145). It was by this time known as Shilaw. However, the evidence of archaeology and an examination of later sources by Jean Aubin have demonstrated that Sirāf was by no means commercially inactive, but enjoyed a modest, continuing trading life. It served as the outlet for the hinterland region of Khundj u Fal and as a port of departure from this hinterland across the Gulf to Katif [q.v.] and Arabia. Shilaw was known to Ibn Baṭṭūṭa, who may have visited it in 748/1347, crossing the Gulf in this fashion from "Khundju Pal" (ü, 244, tr. Gibb, ii, 407-8). Shilaw is still mentioned by European travellers of the 16th century, e.g. by António Tenreiro as Chilaão (1528) and Gasparo Balbi as Silaú (1590), but subsequent references are to a simple harbour only at the modern village. » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 9 p. 668 « He sailed to Shilaw (the local Iranian name of the city of Siraf), where he succeeded in winning over the two local ra'is, Ra'is Nur al-Din and Ra'is Kamal, to whom he was also related. He thus acquired far more formidable allies than the Banu Jabr would have been, as "they owned many vessels and could rely on the archers of the Färs", whilst the Banu Jabr were people of the interior and the desert with no experience at sea. (5) fn. 5 The term "Ra is" is used by Nimdihi as a title and reflects the original conception of "commander" of a local fortress and garrison. Nimdihi, Tabaqat, p. 880. Cf. also Fernão Lopes de Castanheda, História dos Descobrimentos e Conquista da India pelos Portugueses, ed. Manuel Lopes de Almeida (2 vols., Porto, 1979), vol. 2, p. 39; and João de Barros, Da Ásia, ed. Nicolau Pagliarini (8 vols., Lisboa, 1973), dec. 2, bk. 2, ch. 2. With regard to the place name "Shilaw", it should be pointed out that the decline of the magnificent, ancient city-harbour of Siraf had not led to the complete disappearance of the settlement. It had continued on a smaller scale as a fishing village and shipyard. It is mentioned for its inhabitants' skill in constructing the typical local vessels. Apart from this, Shilaw-Siraf was also the seat of a garrison dependent on the ruler of Hormuz. The Iranian form of Shilaw recurs in both Portuguese and Persian chronicles and is described as the seat of a powerful fortress and land-based garrison of the malik of Hormuz. #1812 ed. Dejanirah Couto and Rui M. Loureiro, Revisiting Hormuz: Portuguese Interactions in the Persian Gulf Region in the Early Modern Period, Harrassowitz, 2008, ~ p. 6 (Valeria Fiorani Piacentini, Salghur Shah, malik of Hormuz, and his embargo of Iranian harbours (1475-1505)) « Shilaw » in {map#1125 The Coast from Bushire to Basadore, in the Persian Gulf, G.B. Brucks and S.B. Haines, 1828, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3630/27, in Qatar Digital Library} [This map shows Shilaw some 3 miles west of Taurie but there is no modern equivalent village. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Shilu « Along this coast we sailed for thirty-five days, with much toil and trouble. Our provision began to fail; nor could we renew it there, for all that shore is disturbed by the wanton ravages of the Portuguese fustas,(2) which commonly cruize there. When we had got to Chilao near Verdostam, a place in a sound between Point Vedican and the shoals of Kane,(3) the head wind increased and continued. So, perforce, having lost an anchor and cable, and very nearly run on the shore,(1) which was close aboard, the captain gave orders to bear away for Harmuz, and in four days we ran eighty leagues; that we had gained, with much toil, in five-and-thirty. fn. 2 Small armed vessels, Anglice, “foists.” fn. 3 Chilao is probably Shilu, “four miles to the westward of Tahiri” (Persian Gulf Pilot, p. 255). Bardistan is not far away, and is on all recent maps and charts. The Point of Vedican is Ras Naband, sheltering Bandar Baid Khan; and the shoals of Kane are certainly those of Ras-al-Mutaf, near whose northern end is Ras-al-Khan – not that this name matters much in their identification, which depends on position. fn. 1 The fourth use of "dar al travez" for "to run ashore," in the Viage. » #258 Teixeira, Pedro, The Travels of Pedro Teixeira; with his Kings of Harmuz, and extracts from his Kings of Persia. Translated and annotated by W. F. Sinclair ... With further notes and an introduction by D. Ferguson., Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1902:1991 ~ pp. 22-23 ※ SOURCE for Silaú « S_h_ilāw is still mentioned by European travellers of the 16th century, e.g. by António Tenreiro as Chilaão (1528) and Gasparo Balbi as Silaú (1590), but subsequent references are to a simple harbour only at the modern village » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ p. 668 ※ SOURCE for Silaw « De ce cap Nabao jusqu’à la ville (vila) de Reixete (RaySahr), où se jette le fleuve Rodom (Rudan), la terre se fait courbe à la manière d’une baie, distance qui sera de quarante lieues, sur laquelle sont ces villes (vilas): Bedicane (Bidbün), Chilau (Silaw) et le cap de Verdeitao (Bardistàn) » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 101 ※ SOURCE for Siraf « The city and port of Siraf gradually replaced Basra and Uballah by the middle decades of the ninth century. Archaeological evidence confirms Siraf's rise at this time, noting the building of its Mosque and other structures and the presence of kilns and docking facilities during this period.(21) Furthermore, according to Ibn Khurdgdhbih (A .D. 844 -848), Jewish merchants from Siraf were actively trading both in the Mediterranean and Indian Ocean commercial world with increasing frequency.(22) Ibn al-Faqih (ca. A .D. 850) wrote that Sirafi ships traded with India: SulaimZn the Merchant recorded that goods bound for China were being sent from Siraf to Muscat and Quilon (Kulam Malay). (23) Abu Zaid (ca. A .D. 877 -915), himself a merchant from Siraf, noted that Sirafi merchants visited Jidda in the Red Sea and the Zanzibar coast.(24) Finally, Hamza b, a1 -Hasan al-Iqfahani (A .D. 893 -970) relates the report of Hasan b. 'Amr al-Sirāf, a merchant from Siraf, who visited the land of Kanam in the Sudan.(25) fn. 20. G.B. Kempthorne, "A Narrative of a Visit to the Ruins of Tahrie, the Sup- posed Site of the Ancient City of Siraff," Transactions of the Bombay Geographical Society, XIII (March, 1856-1857), 125-140. See Hajj Mirzaa Hasan Husayni Fasa T, Fars-namih-yi Nasiri (Tehran, 1313/1895-1896), II, 224, where Siraf is identified as Bandar Tahiri in the district of Bandar Kingan on the Zuhayr Coast (G. LeStrange, Lands of the Eastern Caliphate, 249). See also A. W. Stiffe, "Ancient Trading Centers of the Persian Gulf: 1, Sträf," Geographical Journal [hereafter GJ]. VI (1895), 166-173; A. Lamb, "A Visit to Siraf," JRAS (Malayan Branch), XXXVII (1964), 1-19; G. Ferrand, Relations de voyages et textes geographiques arabes, persans, et turk relatifs à l'extrème-orient du VIIle au XVIIIe siècles (Paris, 1913), 1, 1-3; and Muhammad Taqi Mustafavi, "Agar-1 Bästäni dar Khalij-i Fårs (Ancient Remnants in the Persian Gulf), " in R. Shafaq et al., eds., Siminär, II, 108-109. fn. 21. Whitehouse, "Second Interim Report," 46-53. fn. 22. Ibn Khurdadhbih, Al-Masalik wa-al-Mamalik, M.J. de Goefe, ed., Biblio- theca Geographorum Arabicorum, 2nd ed. (Leiden, 1967), VI, 41. See also Toussaint, Indian Ocean, 49; and B. Lewis, "The Muslim Discovery of Eu- rope," BSOAS, XX (1957), 410. fn. 23. Whitehouse, "First Interim Report," 2, n. 4; A. Stein, Archaeological Reconnaissances in North Western India and South Eastern Iran (London, 1937), 202-212; and A. Wilson, South West Persia (London, 1942), 94. fn. 24. G. Ferrand, Voyage du marchand arabe Sulayman en Inde et en Chine redige en 851 suivi de remarques par Abu Zayd Hasan (vers 916) (Paris, 1922). 130. See also A.S.S. Nadvi, Arab Navigation, 'Abdur Rahman, trans. (Lahore. 1966), 130. fn. 25. Sharaf al-Zaman Tahir Marvazi on China, the Turks, and India, V. Minorsky, trans. and ed. (London, 1942), 54. See C. Brockelmann, Geschichte der arabischen Litteratur (Leiden, 1943-1949), I, 145; ibid... Supplementband (Leiden, 1937-1942), 1, 117, 221. » #1196 Ricks, Thomas M., Persian Gulf Seafaring and East Africa: Ninth-Twelfth Centuries, African Historical Studies, Boston, 1970 ~ pp. 344-5 « During the decline of Siraf and a period of heavy maritime raiding in the eleventh century, the merchant communities of Fars also moved south to Qays, Hormuz, and the Omani seaboard, and other Gulf communities moved south to East Africa, often referred to as “Shirazi” emigrants. » #2622 Eric Staples:, Oman and Islamic Maritime Networks (632–1507 CE), ~ p. 99 « The ruins of the old city of Siraf lie to the west of the village, and extend for perhaps two miles along the shore. They are mere heaps of rough masonry ; foundations in situ are to be seen, especially where cut through by water-courses, or exposed by the action of the sea, for the ruins extend from the wateI's edge tar up the slope of the foothills. The waterourses through the city have been walled in, where required. Among the debris are numerous ruined water-cisterns, constructed in the style still prevailing in the country - oblong chambers excavated in the ground, lined with cement or gypsum, and arched over to prevent evaporation. The arched coverings have mostly fallen in, and the cisterns are more or less choked up. There are also many wells among the heaps of debris. The whole extent of the ruins is strewed with broken pottery, including many fragments of Chinese porcelain. » #571 Stiffe, A. W., Ancient Trading Centres of the Persian Gulf, I. Siraf, The Geographical Journal, London, 1895 (Aug.) 6:2:166-73 ~ pp. 167-8 « We travelled on from there to the city of Qais, also called Sirāf. (138) It is on the coast of the Indian Sea, which connects with the sea of al-Yaman and [that of] Fars, and it is reckoned as one of the districts of Fars. [It is] a city of wide extent, commodious, in a rich country-side, and with wonderful gardens of scented herbs and leafy trees amongst its houses. fn. 138 The confusion of Qais with Siräf here arises from Ibn Battū?a's habit of occasionally combining literary reminiscences with his personal experi- ences. As is clear from above, n. 127, he was well aware that Qais was an island, and it was still relatively flourishing at this time. His description, in fact, applies much more accurately to Qais than to Siraf, where there were scarcely any trees or cultivation and most of its water had to be carried in (Schwarz, II, 59-64, 88-9). Down to the tenth century, however, Sirāf had been the richest trading port on the Persian Gulf; it was destroyed by an earthquake in 977, and never recovered. Its site, near the modern Tahiri, 20 miles west of Gallah-Dar, has been examined by Sir Aurel Stein (202-12, with plan). Schwarz suggests that Ibn Battuta confused Sirāf with Charak, on the coast, north-east of Qais, but it is doubtful whether Chārak existed by name at that time, and the route from Khunj to Qais (Mustawfi, 176) ran not to Charak, but to Hüzü, identified by Le Strange with modern Chiru. Indeed, no major town is known to have existed at this time on the Lär coast (see the next note).139 One section of the coastal region called Irähistan is called by the Arab geographers Sif Bani'l-Saffäq; this was apparently the coast of Lar (Schwarz, II, 75-6). The Banu'l-Saffaq (or Saffaf or Saffär) were Arabs from 'Omān, long established on the coast of Fars (Bibl. Geog. Arab., I, 141). 140 This account is obviously at secondhand, since Ibn Ba??ū?a seems never to have been in the region at the pearling season, and there is a characteristic mixture of exact fact and exaggerations or misinformation in his statement. His location of the pearl beds is so vague as to be unidentifi- able, and was indeed probably as vague in his own mind. On the east shore of the Gulf the principal pearl-fisheries at this time appear to have been in the vicinity of Lar (or Lārān) Island and at Khor Shif (Aubin, JA (1953), 101), but the location of this place in turn is not precisely known. The term khôr may, however, underlie Ibn Ba??ū?a's picture of 'a calm channel like a great river'. » #357 Ibn Baṭu¯ṭah, Muh?ammad ibn ʿAbd Alla¯h, The Travels of Ibn Battuta translated with revisions and notes, from the Arabic text edited by C. Defre´mery and B. R. Sanguinetti, by H. A. R. Gibb., Hakluyt Society:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, Cambridge:New Delhi, 1958- :1993, ~ vol. 2 pp. 407-408 ※ SOURCE for Ssi-lien « Ssi-lién (思?), may very likely be Siraf ( سیراف ) on the Persian Gulf, which in the ninth and Centuries was the starting-point of the Arab ships engaged in the Indian and Chinese trade. It may, however, be Shiraz. Our author makes no other reference to it. » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 117, 122 note 13 ※ SOURCE for Suhriyaj « what Baladhuri adds, apparently incidentally and still referring to the well-equipped fortress, and that is, that «some peoples of the Fars told him that this was the fortification (hisn) of Siraf, then called Suriyanj ( سوریانج ) by the Persians and renamed Shahriyaj by the Arabs ( شهرياج )(18). The isnad to which Baladhuri refers is a reliable isnad. It is interesting to note that Yaqut too (in his “Geographical Dictionary”) mentions Suhriyaj ( سهرياج ) - Suriyanj ( سوریانج ); and his account repeats almost word for word the episode of the arrow and of the aman thrown into the citadel by a Moslem slave, while the troops of the caliph 'Umar were vainly besieging it. The tradition is attributed to the same Fudhayl (or Fadhil) b. Zayd al-Raqqashi mentioned by Baladhuri. But Yaqut does not link this site with Siraf, even though he concludes, « certain authors say that the old name of this citadel of Siran ( سيران , a possible corruption of Siraf?) is Suriyanj, changed by the Arabs into Suriya) One must however bear in mind that Yaqut lived between the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth, a full four centuries later than Baladhuri. » #348 Piacentini, Valeria Fiorani, Merchants - Merchandise and Military Power in the Persian Gulf (Suriyanj/Shahriya-Siraf), Atti Della Accademia Nazionale Dei Lincei, Rome, 1992, ANL Memorie Della Classe Di Scienze Morali, Storiche E Filologiche Memorie serie IX, vol.III, fasc. 2 ~ p. 125 ※ SOURCE for Suriyanj see source « Suhriyaj » above ※ SOURCE for Taheri « This is the sea frontier of the ancient province of Fars. This coast is a narrow land strip lying between the sea and the foothills of the Zagros Mountains,not exceeding generally a few miles in width (half a mile near Siraf/Taheri). » #2809 R. Boucharlat, J.-F. Salles, The History and Archaeology of The Gulf From The Fifth Century B.C. to the Seventh Century A.D.: A Review Of The Evidence, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1981 ~ p. 66 ※ SOURCE for Tahiree « Just below the port of Kangoon, which is immediately under this Barn Hill, is a port called Tauhree, or Tahiree, where extensive ruins are spoken of, with sculptures and inscriptions in the Persepolitan character. » #1185 Buckingham, J. S., Travels in Assyria, Media, and Persia, including a journey from Bagdad by Mount Zagros, to Hamadan, the ancient Ecbatana, researches in Ispahan and the ruins of Persepolis, and journey from thence by Shiraz and Shapoor to the sea-shore, Henry Colburn: Gregg International Publishers Limited, London: London, 1829:1971, ~ pp. 435-6 ※ SOURCE for Tahiri « My intention was to follow the coast-line as close as practicable up to Tahiri, the site of the old port of Siraf, which had played a very important part in the history of Persia's maritime trade during the early Islamic period. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~ p. 193 « The modern village of Tahiri is a small village inhabited by fishermen, chiefly pearl-fishers, of Arab descent, 200 to 300 in number. It is an insignificant place, and has a small square fort on a little hill at the west end, which is in lat. 27' 39' 36" N., long. 52' 20' 40" E., standing on the shore of the Persian Gulf, at the foot of a range of mountains rising to a height of near 5000 feet, and running parallel to the coast. » #571 Stiffe, A. W., Ancient Trading Centres of the Persian Gulf, I. Siraf, The Geographical Journal, London, 1895 (Aug.) ~ p. 167 ※ SOURCE for Tahrie « Tahrie » in {map#1153 Sketch map showing the Route taken from Bushire following the coast line to the Port of Lingah, WH Colvill, 1865, Royal Geographical Society, London: Map Room, Iran S. 121} ※ SOURCE for Tari « Tari » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Tauhree see source for « Tahiree » above ※ SOURCE for Taurie « Taurie, in lat. 27° 38' 52' N., long. 52° 16' 40" E., is a small town, situated in a bay, affording excellent shelter in a north-wester, and indifferently good in south-easters. It is inhabited by about three hun-dred and fifty Arabs of the Nussoor Tribe; affords a few supplies, and has excellent water. To the NW. of the town are very extensive ruins, said to have been a Portuguese town: if so, it must have been one of importance, from the appearance of the ruins. In many parts the rock has been excavated for residences in the hot season, and the pass in the hills appears to have been fortified in a manner much beyond the abilities of the natives, at least of the present day. Wells have been also sunk to the depth of forty or fifty fathoms, through the rock. Very high up on the hills reservoirs in ruins are very numerous. On the whole, it has all the appearance of having been a large and flourishing town. Several trading boats of various sizes belong to Taurie. » #2994 ed. Robert Hughes Thomas, Historical and Other Information Connected with Place in the Persian Gulf, government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, 1856 ~ pp. 591-2 Tahmasp tower : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.625362 long 52.092254 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tahmasp tower , Tahrud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086651 coordinate: lat 29.395 long 57.8394 NIMA/GNS names: Tahrood , Tahrud , تهرود , VARIANT names: Tahrud , ※ SOURCE for Tahrud ref1511p655 Tajabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 247202 coordinate: lat 30.454803 long 55.977424 NIMA/GNS names: Tajabad , Tajabad-e Kohneh , تاج آباد کهنه , VARIANT names: Tajabad , Tajabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086670 coordinate: lat 33.392036 long 51.97827 NIMA/GNS names: Mazra`eh-ye Tajabad , Tajabad , تاج آباد , مزرعه تاج آباد , VARIANT names: Tagebode , Tajabad , ※ SOURCE for Tagebode « This daye we came to Tagebode [Tājābād], on of the Kinges howses, a very plesant place wth a very fayre garden abounding in all maner of fruit, wth very delicat tanckes (1). Here was great store of rose water made for the King. This garden did abound moste in roses of all sorte of any garden that ever I saw. This howse had all the wals wth gilt curiously and paynted wth pictures. Here we picht, hauing traveled 3 leauges. Here we layd vpon roses all night. fn. 1 i.e., artificial pools or ponds. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 46 Tajabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086667 coordinate: lat 29.948732 long 56.364908 NIMA/GNS names: Tajabad , Tarababad , Tarabad , تاج آباد , تراب آباد , VARIANT names: Tajabad , ※ SOURCE for Tajabad « I was anxious to make for Páriz, but no guide being procurable, we kept to the main Sirján road as far as a tributary of the Lalazár River, which we forded, camping at Tajabád. About half- way across the fertile level plain, we crossed the main route from Bahramabád to Bandar Abbás, along which we heard that there was a great export of cotton in the winter. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 74 Tajabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086677 coordinate: lat 34.840045 long 48.212755 NIMA/GNS names: Rasulabad-e `Olya , Rasulabad-e Bala , Tajabad , Tajabad-e `Olya , Tajiabad-e `Olya , تاج آباد , تاجاباد عليا , تاجی آباد علیا , رسول آباد بالا , رسول آباد عليا , VARIANT names: Tajabad , Tajabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 260498 coordinate: lat 29.1938 long 53.7984 NIMA/GNS names: Tajabad , تاج آباد , VARIANT names: Tajabad , Tejabad , ※ SOURCE for Tajabad « At the top of the pass from mile 6 to mile 8-the road is almost level: then there is a steep descent to mile 10, followed by a rise over a spur to the village of Tājābād which lies ½ mile S.-E. of the road. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 159 ※ SOURCE for Tejabad « Tejabad » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} « On the surface of the ground on a low stony hillock opposite the ruined village of Tejābād, where that tract was first entered, we picked up worked flints and some painted potsherds which recalled by their designs the chalcolithic ware of the Vakilābād type. There was, however, noching to suggest prolonged occupation. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 175 Tajabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086665 coordinate: lat 29.3409 long 55.8024 NIMA/GNS names: Tajabad , تاج آباد , VARIANT names: Tajabad , ※ SOURCE for Tajabad « At the 2nd mile we reached Ezetabad; at the 5th Tajabad. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 64 Tajabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086674 coordinate: lat 30.054072 long 54.372938 NIMA/GNS names: Burd Harat , Burd Herat , Harat Khowreh , Herat , Herat-i-Khurreh , Shahr-e Herat , Tajabad , Tajabad-e Harat , شهر هرات , هرات , VARIANT names: Tajabad , ※ SOURCE for Tajabad « including not only the important villages of Hashimabád and Fathabád, but also Tajabád, which is almost a town, with a population of more than 2000 inhabitants. However, the district possessed an unworthy ruler, who, when he came to call, was told that Arabs were looting four miles off. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 79 Tajabad-e Sofla Caravanserai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 34.876629 long 48.220811 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Tajabad-e Sofla Caravanserai کاروانسرای تاج آباد سفلی VARIANT names: abandoned caravanserai , Tajabad-e Sofla Caravanserai , ※ SOURCE for abandoned caravanserai « Vers le milieu se trouve un caravansérail abandonné, bâti anciennement par Hadji-Ali-Khan. Il s'est détaché de la montagne un grand nombre de pierres de marbre de différentes grosseurs, que l'on voit sur la route. Près du caravansérail les pierres nous parurent avoir quelques parcelles de cuivre. [Towards the middle is an abandoned caravanserai, built long ago by Hadji-Ali-Khan. A large number of marble stones of different sizes have been detached from the mountain, which can be seen on the road. Near the caravanserai the stones appeared to us to have some particles of copper.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 257 Takeh Khani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10950633 coordinate: lat 27.292863 long 55.350589 NIMA/GNS names: Takeh Khani , تکه خانی , VARIANT names: Chour basere Chan (Gür-bazargan) , Courbassergan , Courbazargan , Goer-baʃer-goen , Goerbaſeregoen , Goerebaſirgan , Goorbazergum , Goorebazargoone , Goos Basargoon , Gourbasarghant , Gour-Bazerguian , Gur-e Båsårgån , Guri bizirgon , Kor Bazirghion , Taghi Khani , Takeh Khani , Takht-i-Khän , Taki Khani , Taki-Khan , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Takeh Khani FOR Kinbazirkan [Floor], ※ SOURCE for Chour basere Chan (Gür-bazargan) « weder voortsgereden en 'savonts ten 10 uuren door seer moeyelijke steenachtige wegen 4 mijlen verder in de carewansera Chour basere Chan (4) quamen. 4) Gür-bazargan, het graf van den koopman. Tavernier (I, 751) legt nit dat de karavanserai gebouwd werd volgens den laatsten wil van een koopman, die, van Bender-Abbas gekomen, aldaar, ten gevolge van de doorgestane warmte en gebrek aan schuilplaats, overleed. De Brayn (345) heeft Goer basergoen, Fryer (235) Goor-Bazergum. In het zuiden van Perzië wordt de uitgang an zeer algemeen uitge sproken oen. [We drove on again and arrived at 10 o'clock in the evening through very difficult stony roads 4 miles further into the carewansera Chour basere Chan (4). fn. 4 Gür-bazargan, the merchant's grave. Tavernier (1, 751) explains that the caravanserai was built according to the last will of a merchant who, having come from Bender-Abbas, died there as a result of the heat he had endured and lack of shelter. De Brayn (345) has Goer basergoen, Fryer (235) Goor-Bazergum. In southern Persia the ending an is very commonly pronounced o.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 40 ※ SOURCE for Courbassergan « 8 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 360 ※ SOURCE for Courbazargan « Celui où je finis majournée, s'appelle Courbazargan, situé entre deuxmontagnes, fort proche l'une de l'autre, dans unendroit sec et stérile, sans habitation, et sansautres édifices que deux citernes. Le nom de cegite signifie cimetière des marchands (1), fn. (1) Gour bázárgaun, le tombeau des marchands: ces mots sont persans. Ce karavansérây est à quatre milles ou cinq aghatch du précédent, environné de montagnes fertiles en melons d'eau, ali- ment que ses qualités rafraichissantes rendent bien précieux dans cette contrée où l'on est dévoré par la chaleur, et que l'on recommande dans les maladies contractées à Hormouz, comme on ne tardera pas à le voir dans la suite de cette relation. Goûr Bazårgåun est à quinze milles anglais ou quatre åghatch de Khårehstaun. Voyez Fryer's new account of East India and Persia, p. 233; Voyages de Thévenot, tom. IV, pag. 420, 471, et ma note suivante. (L-s.) [The one where I end my day is called Courbazargan, located between two mountains, very close to each other, in a dry and sterile place, with no habitation, and no buildings other than two cisterns. The name of this cottage means merchants' cemetery (1), fn. (1) Gour bázárgaun, the tomb of the merchants: these words are Persian. This karavanséray is four miles or five aghatch from the previous one, surrounded by mountains fertile in watermelons, a food which its refreshing qualities make very precious in this country where we are devoured by the heat, and which we recommended in diseases contracted in Hormouz, as we will soon see in the rest of this relationship. Goûr Bazårgåun is fifteen English miles or four åghatch from Khårehstaun. See Fryer's new account of East India and Persia, p. 233; Travels of Thévenot, tom. IV, p. 420, 471, and my following note. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 494 ※ SOURCE for Goer-baʃer-goen « Le lendemain nous avançâmes à l'eft, et arrivámes à minuit au Caravanserai de Goer-bafer-goen, après une traite de 4. lieuës [The next day we advanced to the eft, and arrived at midnight at the Caravanserai of Goer-bafer-goen, after a journey of 4 leagues] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 319 ※ SOURCE for Goerbaſeregoen « Den 10. dito. Namiddernacht vertrok 6 zyn Ed. weder, en quam na zons opgang aan de rutt plaats Goerbaſeregoen. [On the 10th of the same night, His Honour left again at midnight, and arrived at the quiet place Goerbaſeregoen after sunrise.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 272 « Den 8. dito na 4½ myl, quam zyn Ed: in 't dorp Karrawaanſera Goerbaſeregoen. [The 8th ditto after 4½ miles, near his Ed: in the village of Karrawaanſera Goerbaſeregoen.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 285 ※ SOURCE for Goerebaſirgan « en quamen tot Goerebaſirgan, zynde de naam van een groot Armenifch Heer, die hier begraven legt by een groote vervallene tank; ook ſtond 'er nog eenig metzelwerk op zyn graf.Hier is een tamelyke Karrawanfera dog zyn Ed: nam zyn verblyf in zyn tent. Hier flaan wel eenige hutten; maar geen huizen. [and came to Gurubaſirgan, being the name of a great Armenian lord, who is buried here by a large dilapidated tank; There was also some masonry on his grave.Here is a rather nice Karrawanfera dog his Ed: took up residence in his tent. There are some huts here; but no houses.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 266 ※ SOURCE for Goorbazergum then gently descending we were led down to Goorbazergum (1), Fifteen miles from Caurestan. In this Bottom is a solitary Inn, very commodiously seated; it is surrounded with Mountains, at whose Bottoms are store of Water-Melons, a grateful Cooler in this Extremity of Heat: Goor-Bazergum is as it were to say, The Merchants Grave, in the Persian Tongue. ※ SOURCE for Goorebazargoone Route Notes: testzzzz ※ SOURCE for Goos Basargoon « 4th March. About 3 afternoon sett out for Coverstone, 7 farsangs, stoney way; about 3 farsangs came to a Caravensaroy called Goos Basargoon. Coverstone is a small good Cara vensaroy, a very good village just by it, where may have all things eatable. note:Diary of 4 March 1707/8. Goos Basargoon: ? Gor-i-Bazargân ('tomb of the merchant'). See Fryer, II, 188 and n. 1. It is the Goer-Baser-goen of Le Bruyn (II, 71, 134) where, in 1706, he found "no company. The name is not found on modern maps. It is the Kurybazirgon of Rennell, » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 44 and 49 ※ SOURCE for Gourbasarghant « Le quatrième, je montai à cheval à une heure après minuit, et passai par un pays inhabité et entrecoupé de gros torrents quand il tombe de la pluie. On n'y trouve que deux petits carvanseras, et sur les huit heures du matin, j'arrivai à celui que l'on appelle Gourbasarghant. Il a été bâti des deniers qu'un marchand qui venait d'Ormus laissa en mourant pour ce sujet, ses forces lui ayant manqué au même lieu par la chaleur excessive, [On the fourth, I mounted my horse at one o'clock after midnight, and passed through an uninhabited country interspersed with great torrents when it rained. There are only two small carvanseras, and around eight in the morning I arrived at the one called Gourbasarghant. It was built from the money that a merchant who came from Ormus left when he died for this subject, his strength having failed him in the same place by the excessive heat,] » #3144 Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, Pascal Pia, Voyages en Perse et description de ce royaume, E´d. du Carrefour, Paris, 1930 ~ p. 323 [Tavernier arrived here from Tenquidalen by horse in 7 hrs. about 30kms then proceeds to Cauvrestan on foot in just under 7 hrs. about 27kms. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Gour-Bazerguian « 19 février. Même direction: nous suivons une plaine déserte couverte de beaux Mimosa; à trois heures, caravansérail de Gour-Bazerguian, [February 19. Same direction: we follow a deserted plain covered with beautiful Mimosas; at three o'clock, caravanserai of Gour-Bazerguian,] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 533 ※ SOURCE for Gur-e Båsårgån « Dec. 26 to the Guri Bessergun caravanserai (Gur-e Båsårgån) 6 Farsach. ... Continue 1 hour through stony hills and dry rivers 4 Farsach SO 2 hours further to Gur-e Båsårgån caravanserai, a summer caravanserai built of stones. It rested on 4 pillars on the inside and had 2 round, arched rain poles, one of which had collapsed. All around were rough hills. » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 123 ※ SOURCE for Guri bizirgon « L'ottavo posammo nel caravanserai che sta fabbricato solo, senza altra abitazione, in campagna, detto Guri bizirgon, o Sepoltura del mercante, vicino al quale anche al venire in giù avevamo già alloggiato. [The eighth we placed in the caravanserai which stands alone, without any other dwelling, in the countryside, called Guri bizirgon, or Merchant's Tomb, near which we had already stayed when we came down.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 317 ※ SOURCE for Kor Bazirghion « where we clambered up and down for above an hour among ftones; and then we found the way better, till we: came to a covered Kervanseray, called Kor Bazirghion, that is to fay the Merchants Ditch, where we arrived about eight a Clock. This Kervanſeray is on of the fame bigneſ s as the other where we Lodged the day before; it is built much after the fame manner, having in each Corner three Chambers, of which the one (which is on the inſide,) is open by Arches on two fides, and the other two have their Door without the Kervanseray: this place is five Agatsch from Tenghidalan. » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 133 ※ SOURCE for Taghi Khani « Persian text omitted. [Across the road, they reached a pond and a caravanserai, which is known as Taghi Khani Caravanserai.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 580 ※ SOURCE for Takht-i-Khän « To the N. the Kūh-i-Kishi slopes steeply down to the road, but gradually diminishes in size, until at Takht-i-Khan it is not visi-ble amongst the maze of sand hills. To the S. the Küh-i-Rasül slopes more gently down to the road, but likewise diminishes in size as Takht-i-Khan is approached. At 4 miles the road crosses and recrosses a dry watercourse of considerable size. At 4¼ miles the caravansarai and two cisterns of Takht-i-Khän (one holding water in March 1907). The track follows the bed of the river for some way, emerging at 5 miles, and erossing numerous small watercourses. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 165 ※ SOURCE for Taki Khani « A glacis-like slope from the level of the valley now touches the road on the north side. At 3 miles 2 furlongs we twice cross the stony bed, containing water in pools. of the stream Shivirawun, that had been running down the ravine, immediately to south of the track. Within another 200 yards the road passes the caravanserai and cistern of Taki Khani, both of which are in good repair, and the latter full of sweet water. On the south bank of the streart Shivirawun is a second cistern containing, by native report, good water. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 32 ※ SOURCE for Taki-Khan « Nous arrivâmes à huit heures et demie à un caravansérail nouvellement bâti, appelé Taki-Khán, auprès duquel est une citerne couverte. Sur la droite, à cent pas, il y en a une autre hors du chemin; on aperçoit cette dernière avant de découvrir le caravansérail. [We arrived at half-past eight at a newly built caravanserai, called Taki-Khán, near which is a covered cistern. On the right, a hundred paces away, there is another one out of the way; this last one is seen before discovering the caravanserai.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 425 Takht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086746 coordinate: lat 27.498853 long 56.639793 NIMA/GNS names: Shahrak-e Takht , Takht , تخت , شهرک تخت , VARIANT names: Takht , ※ SOURCE for Takht « Takht » in {map#1186 in #1511 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Kerman and Persian Baluchistan, with special reference to the journeys of Alexander the Great and Marco Polo, Journal of the Society of Arts, London, 1896-7 45:648-60 ~ fig. Marco Polo's Route as fixed by Captain Sykes} p. 655 takht neshin shehar gor : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 28.85354 long 52.533802 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: The throne of the city of Gore تخت?نشین شهر گور VARIANT names: takht neshin shehar gor , Takht-i Nishin , ※ SOURCE for Takht-i Nishin « Fig.3. Takht-i Nishin at Firuzabad Probably the fire temple of Ardashir I, in the circular city of Ardashir Khorra » Ancient Iranian Architecture Chartaq By: Prof. Dietrich Huff online reference link [accessed 03 Feb 2025] «But in the northeastern part of the city of Ardeshir Khoreh, a place called "Takht-i-Nishin" (throne room) remains in the form of a platform of heavy dressed stone and a hollow or pit in the form of a reservoir, which has been studied by different scholars from the early centuries of Islam until now. However, there are still differing views on this complex; For example, the four-arched structure located on a flat platform is called by the names of Atashgah, Qasr, Tarbal, Atashkadeh, Dekan, Atashkhaneh, Kooshak, Irankiakhareh, Ivan, Dekeh, Irangardeh, palace, mansion, tower, house, and ziggurat. In addition, the reservoir next to the platform is also called Cheshmeh, Ghadir, Hoz Ab (water pool), AbAnbar (water reservoir) and Abnama (fountain). Therefore, attributing various names to this complex indicates the ambiguity in the nature of the constructions. » #3441 Hamed Mohammadpour, Elham Andaroodi, Mohammad Hasan Talebian, Recognition of Sassanid Takht-i-Nishin (Throne Room) in the Middle of Ardeshir Khorra City; A Proposition of a Temple of Anahita and Fire Chartaqi in the Continuation of Previous Traditions, Journal of Archaeological Studies (JARCS), « Hier möchte ich auf die unter dem Namen Takht-i Nishin bekannte Terrasse in Firüzābād, Fårs hinweisen (Pl. IVa). Die neuere Forschung vertritt allgemein die Ansicht, daß die Terrasse sasanidisch sei und auf ihr ein großer Chahar Täq mit einer lichten Weite von 16,10 m gestanden habe. (17) [Here I would like to point out the terrace known as Takht-i Nishin in Firüzābād, Fårs (Pl. IVa). Recent research generally supports the view that the terrace is Sasanian and that a large Chahar Täq with a clear width of 16.10 m stood on it. (17)] » #3435 Klaus Schippmann, Hinweise und Anmerkungen zu einigen sasanidischen Monumenten, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 vol. 7:pp. 157-162 ~ p. 158 « see also » #3439 D. Huff, Der Takht-i Nishin in Firuzabad, Archäologischer Anzeiger, 1972 pp. 517-40 Takht-e Gohar : arch. site IRN NIMA/GNS names: Takht-e Gohar , Takht-e Gowhar , تخت گوهر , VARIANT names: Takht-e Gohar , Takht-e Gowhar , ※ SOURCE for Takht-e Gohar « Takht-e Gowhar is an archaeological site in Fars, Central Iran and has an elevation of 1,627 metres. Takht-e Gowhar is situated nearby to the archaeological site Naqsh-e Rajab. » online reference link [accessed 02 Apr 2025] Takht-e Jamshid : arch. site IRN NIMA/GNS names: Persepolis , Takht-e Jamshid , Takht-i-Jamshid , تخت جمشید , VARIANT names: Takht-e Jamshid , Takht-e Rostam : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 29.966829 long 52.882719 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Dasht-i Gohar/Takht-i Rustam , Takht-e Rostam , ※ SOURCE for Dasht-i Gohar/Takht-i Rustam A. Hausleiter, M. Roaf, R. Wenke, DARMC, R. Talbert, P. Flensted Jensen, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, and Tom Elliott, 'Dasht-i Gohar/Takht-i Rustam: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2019 online reference link [accessed 02 Apr 2025] ※ SOURCE for Takht-e Rostam « Takht-e Rostam or Takht-e Gohar: name of an Achaemenid stone structure near Persepolis, along the road from Naqš-e Rustam to Naqš-e Rajab. The square platform between Naqš-e Rustam to Naqš-e Rajab poses something of a mystery to researchers. Made of local stone and measuring about 12½ x 12½ meters, » Takht-e Rostam online reference link [accessed 02 Apr 2025] Takht-e Soleyman : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 10118813 coordinate: lat 36.6047 long 47.2341 NIMA/GNS names: Takht-e Soleyman , تخت سلیمان , VARIANT names: Takht-e Soleyman , Takht-e Tus : arch. site IRN NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh-ye Takht-e Tavus , Takht-e Tavus , Takht-e Tus , Takht-i-Taus , تخت طاووس , VARIANT names: Estakhr , Istakhr , Staxr , Takht-e Tus , Takht-i-Taus , ※ SOURCE for Staxr ... ( Istakhr ) and Marv Dasht Plain Principal city, region, and religious centre of the Sasanian province of Pars (NP Fars ). Staxr (NP Estakhr/Istakhr) was the seat of the rulers of Pars during the Seleucid and Parthian eras. Sasanian Staxr lay at the eastern entrance into the Marv Dasht Plain between the Hosayn Kuh and Kuh-e Rahmat mountains at a crossing over the Polvar River. In the Islamic period a city grew up to the west before Shiraz supplanted it. Sasanian Staxr was closely associated with the ruins of Persepolis c. 9 km ( c .5 miles) to the... Matthew Canepa, The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity online reference link [accessed 14 Oct 2024] ※ SOURCE for Takht-i-Taus « Istahr VI C4 Ruines à Taht-i-Taus. Iran. Capitale de la circonscription du même nom. I 97, 100-103, 113, 116, 121, 123-24, 134, 135; Η 263, 266, 272, 277-78; Hur 42, 45, 47, 51, 53; Qud 195, 226, 232, 242; F 196, 197, 202-204, 208, 210; R 97, 106, 196; M 85, 106, 314; Muq 52, 71, 156, 165, 258, 420, 421, 423, 424, 435-36, 443, 444, 445, 448, 451, 457, 458, 466. Yaq I, 299-300; LS 275-76; DKI 168-69; EI IV 229. » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 51 Takhteh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086767 coordinate: lat 28.113263 long 53.180866 NIMA/GNS names: Takhteh , تخته , VARIANT names: Takhteh , Takht-i Bala : arch. site IRN (fortress) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 32.13514593 long 61.93015492 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Takht-i Bala , ※ SOURCE for Takht-i Bala « 1133. TAKHT-I BALA Original: Lat. 32º 07’ N, long. 61º 55’ E. Map 83. Revised: 32.13514593 N, 61.93015492 E / 32º 08’ 06.52534908 N, 61º 55’ 48.55771344 E. Farāh Province. 12 km north-east of Tujg on the Farāh- Lāsh Juwain road. Date: Timurid, 15th–16th cent. (ceramic). Description: Remains of a high mud fortress with a gateway on the south side. Many silted up irrigation canals in the vicinity. Fieldwork: 1960–70 Fischer, Bonn University—survey. Source: Fischer et al. 1974–6: 35—brief description and photos. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 375 Takht-i Jamshid : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.89674 long 50.567443 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Takht-i Jamshid , ※ SOURCE for Takht-i Jamshid « Am 25. Sept. 1964 (2) entdeckte ich bei einem Besuch des Dorfes Nimvar, 15 km hinter Dalidjän an der Straße, die über Gulpäigån nach Isfahan führt, einen großen Pfeiler, der von den Einheimischen Takht-i Jamshid genannt wird (Pls. II und III). Wenn man von Dalidjän kommt, muß man das rechter Hand liegende Dorf durchqueren; der Pfeiler befindet sich dann am Dorfrand inmitten von Feldern. fn. 2 Ein weiteres Mal besuchte ich Nimvar am 13.5.1968. [On 25 September 1964 (2), while visiting the village of Nimvar, 15 km from Dalidjän on the road leading to Isfahan via Gulpäigån, I discovered a large pillar which the locals call Takht-i Jamshid (Pls. II and III). Coming from Dalidjän, one must cross the village on the right; the pillar is then on the edge of the village in the middle of fields. fn. 2 I visited Nimvar again on 13 May 1968.] » #3435 Klaus Schippmann, Hinweise und Anmerkungen zu einigen sasanidischen Monumenten, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 vol. 7:pp. 157-162 ~ p. 157 « Ich vermute daher, daß der Pfeiler in Nimvar zu einer der von Mustaufi genannten Anlagen gehört. Für einen sasanidischen Feuertempel, einem Chahar Taq (12) also, erscheint mir der Pfeiler zu groß, so daß er Bestandteil des Palastes gewesen sein dürfte. Die Bauweise des Pfeilers, Steine verschie-dener Größe im Mörtelverband ist sasanidisch. Allerdings sind die Rücksprünge und die Zierleiste (Pl. IIIb) nicht ausgesprochen ein Kennzeichen sasanidischer Bauweise.fn. 11 Bezeichnend ist auch, daß S. bei einer der Abbildungen (pl. VII) bezüglich der Lage des Palastes vermerkt "En ra, emplacement présumé du palais ". [I therefore assume that the pillar in Nimvar belongs to one of the structures mentioned by Mustaufi. For a Sasanian fire temple, a Chahar Taq (12), the pillar seems too large to me, so that it must have been part of the palace. The construction of the pillar, stones of different sizes in mortar bond, is Sasanian. However, the recesses and the decorative strip (Pl. IIIb) are not explicitly a characteristic of Sasanian construction.fn. 11 It is also significant that S. notes in one of the illustrations (pl. VII) regarding the location of the palace "En ra, emplacement présumé du palais".] » #3435 Klaus Schippmann, Hinweise und Anmerkungen zu einigen sasanidischen Monumenten, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 vol. 7:pp. 157-162 ~ p. 158 Takol : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087205 coordinate: lat 27.746781 long 58.357178 NIMA/GNS names: Takol , Takol Hasan , Takol Hasan-e Bala , Takolabad , Tavakkol Abad Kahnooj , Tavakkolabad , Tavakkolabad-e Kahnuj , تکل آباد , تکل حسن , تکل حسن بالا , VARIANT names: Takol , Tal Janabouye : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.686578 long 52.977163 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tal Janabouye , ※ SOURCE for Tal Janabouye « Tal Janabouye located in the lands of Seyyed Hashemi village of Alamrodasht related to late Islamic centuries with registration number 32617 » online reference link [accessed 28 Jul 2024] tala burj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.27757 long 52.868704 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: tala burj , Talaf Gard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3823401 coordinate: lat 31.721149 long 50.416608 NIMA/GNS names: Talaf Gard , Talaf Gerd , تلف گرد , تلف گرد , VARIANT names: Talaf Gard , Tal-e Pargo Bozorg : arch. site IRN UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 27.196343 long 53.02802 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location based on 600m S.E. of Bambari. the given coordinates 27°11'93'' longitude and 52°00'791'' latitude need another look. VARIANT names: Chah Darvazeh , Tal-e Pargo Bozorg , ※ SOURCE for Chah Darvazeh see Tal-e Pargo Bozorg ※ SOURCE for Tal-e Pargo Bozorg « Among all the ancient sites located during the surface survey, the site of Pargo-ye Chah Darvazeh in Bambari village was selected. Preliminary hypotheses based on potsherds collected during the field survey suggest a possible dating to the early Sasanian period. The important, Tal-e Pargo Bozorg or Chah Darvazeh site is located three kilometers Southwest of Parsian city in Gâvbandi region and 600 meters Southeast of Bambari village at coordinates 27°11'93'' longitude and 52°00'791'' latitude. This large hill with dimensions of 160×220 m and a height of 10 m from the surface of the surrounding land with an area of about 3 ha is one of the largest and most important ancient sites of the region. » #3436 Pierfrancesco Callieri, Alireza Askari Chaverdi, Ali Eghra, Diego Maria Mezzapelle, Kourosh Mohammadkhani, The Dynamics of Human Settlement in Historical Times in South-Central Fars, from Firuzabad to the Persian Gulf: First Preliminary Results of a New Research Project, East and West, Rome, 2021 vol. 2 (61):no. 2:pp. 43-88 ~ p. 60 Tal-e Sefid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087596 coordinate: lat 30.253678 long 51.4837 NIMA/GNS names: Shah Sani , Talaspid , Tal-e Sefid , Tall-e Espid , Tol-e Sepid , تل اسپید , تل سفید , VARIANT names: Shah Sadi , Tal-e Sefid , ※ SOURCE for Shah Sadi « Gureh [Name.] At foot of Kaleh Safid: 9 miles S. by E. from Shah Sadi: large permanent camp of 60 tents. [Notes.] » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 281 Talheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086915 coordinate: lat 28.811043 long 51.521869 NIMA/GNS names: Behmani , Talheh , Tavakkolabad , بهمنی , توکل آباد , طلحه , VARIANT names: Talheh , Tal-i Malyan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3073835 coordinate: lat 30.009751 long 52.415761 NIMA/GNS names: Malian , Malyan , ملیان , VARIANT names: Malian , Tal-i Malyan , Tall-i Malyan , ※ SOURCE for Malian « before the Medes and Persians » #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975, ~ p. 79 ※ SOURCE for Tal-i Malyan #888 Matheson, S., Persia. An Archaeological Guide, Faber and Faber Limited, 1979, ~ pp. 299-300 #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975, ~ p. 79 ※ SOURCE for Tall-i Malyan Largest known Proto-Elamite site was Tall-i Malyan in later periods known as Anshan #429 p. 78 "Anshan (Tall-i Maiyan), (Iran) 30° 11' N 52° 53' E" #429 Roaf, Michael, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1996, pp. 65, 73, 79, 102, 134, 138 and 230 also pp. 97, 102 for Anshan, the region Tal-i-Nalaki : arch. site IRN NIMA/GNS names: Na`laki , نعلکی , VARIANT names: Tal-i-Nalaki , ※ SOURCE for Tal-i-Nalaki « Then at a distance of about 2 miles from Giliān I found two large patches of flat ground strewn with early potsherds close to the bank of a flood-bed descending from the Tang-i-Murdi. They are known as Tal-i-Nālaki, from a great horseshoe-shaped recess in a high cliff rising above the spot. Here, on flat ground recalling a tati of the Tarim basin, fragments of painted pottery closely resembling the ware of Vakilābād and Kanakān in fabric and type of patterns could be picked up on the surface. Both the greyish-cream and reddish pottery were represented, the designs being executed on both with a firm broad brush. Worked flints, too, were picked up in numbers. The flatness of the ground gave little hope of stratigraphic evidence being obtainable here. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ pp. 160-1 Tal-i-regi : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 28.829142 long 52.487836 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tal-i-regi , Tol-e Rigi , ※ SOURCE for Tal-i-regi « my attention was attracted by a mound rising above the flat ground. It lay near the walled hamlet of Kamālābād, situated about 4 miles in a direct line to WNW. from Firūzābād. As soon as we had ascended the mound, fragments of painted pottery, small worked flints and pieces of alabaster were picked up on the surface, thus clearly indicating that the mound marked a prehistoric settlement. So after visiting Chahar-taq, which proved to be a ruined Muhammadan tomb with a flat dome bearing plaster decoration apparently of the Saffavi period, I moved our camp next day to Kamālābād and started a trial excavation of the mound.This mound, known as Tal-i-rēgi (the 'Sandy Mound'), rises to a maximum height of 35 ft. above the level of the surrounding fields » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 127 ※ SOURCE for Tol-e Rigi « The first record of a prehistoric site (Tol-e Rigi) in this region was made by A. Stein back in 1934 (Stein 1936), but no further examples were located during surveys of the Firuzabad Plain by D. Huff (1973) or R. Noruzi (2005). » #3421 Majid Mansouri and Hesamalddin Ahmady, Tol-e Sabz: a Neolithic site in the Firuzabad Plain, Fars, Iran, Antiquity Project Gallery89 (345), ~ p. 1 Talkh Ab-e Khoda Karami : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 14419947 coordinate: lat 31.978089 long 49.925707 NIMA/GNS names: Talkh Ab-e Khoda Karami , تلخ آب خدا کرمی , VARIANT names: Talkh Ab-e Khoda Karami , Talkh Ab-e Shirin : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3757550 coordinate: lat 30.3255 long 50.9109 NIMA/GNS names: Talkh Ab-e Shirin , Talkhab-e Shirin , تلخ آب شيرين , تلخاب شیرین , VARIANT names: Talkh Ab-e Shirin , ※ SOURCE for Talkh Ab-e Shirin approximate location of marker « Carv. » in {map#1141 Map to illustrate Baron Bode's route from Kazerun to Shushter, , 1841, #3039 Clement Augustus de Bode, Extracts from a Journal Kept While Travelling, in January, 1841, Through the Country of the Mamásení and Khógilú (Bakhtiyárí), Situated between Kázerún and Behbehan, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1843 ~} [location next to « Talkh Ab-e Shirin » roughly estimated. no known caravaserai in this location according to the Caravanserais of Iran dataset provided by the EAMENA Project Endangered Archaeology in the Middle East and North Africa, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford online reference link. PBR] Talkhak Chinah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FT UFI: -3394535 coordinate: lat 32.0313889 long 63.9213889 NIMA/GNS names: Talkhak Chinah , Talkhak Cina , VARIANT names: castle , Dalkhak Talkhak , Gazikhan , Talkhak Chinah , ※ SOURCE for castle « The 15. day we trauelled ouer the plaines some 6. for|songs more, and came to a Castle, where we refreshed our selues and our cattle, and the•e we rested our selues two daies to stay for a Coffeloe or conuoy which came to vs the 14. day at night. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 50 ※ SOURCE for Dalkhak Talkhak « 32-2 63-55. A ruined fort on the desert road from Girishk to Dilaram, 48 miles from the former place. Water from a spring; supply might be increased by digging; fuel and grass in small quantities. (I. B. C.) The fort is about 59 miles southwest of Washir. » #3495 Adamec, Ludwig W, Historical and political gazetteer of Afghanistan, Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt, Graz, 1972 ~ vol. 2 p. 61 ※ SOURCE for Gazikhan « The 30th we went five p. to a small castle named Gazikhan. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 214 Talkhestan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3079387 coordinate: lat 33.784872 long 48.992609 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Khan , Qal`eh-ye Khan , Qal`eh-ye Sharif Khan , Talkestan , Talkhestan , Talkhestan-e `Olya , تلخستان , تلخستان عليا , VARIANT names: Talkhestan , Tall Halal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3090501 coordinate: lat 28.8988 long 55.0255 NIMA/GNS names: Tal Halol , Tall Halal , Tall-e Halal , Tol Halal , Tum Bahlal , تل حلال , VARIANT names: Tall Halal , Tul Halal , ※ SOURCE for Tul Halal « until at 22¼ miles it reaches the small fortified village of Tul halal.Tul halal consists of a mud fort, about 100 yards square, flanked by round towers. It contains about 40 houses and 200 people. The Khan Raza Kuli Khan is the younger brother of the Khan of Guloo Kuh, and is as great a blackguard. He owns the country from here to Katru. This place is plentifully supplied with water by a kanat from the south, and stands in the centre of an open plain. Fourteen nomad camps are visible on the surrounding plain. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 19 Tall Pa-yi Tall (D1) : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.157898 long 52.179657 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tall Pa-yi Tall (D1) , ※ SOURCE for Tall Pa-yi Tall (D1) « The Dezhgah valley was visited by Wilson in 1911; his guide was a local official who "pointed out a series of great mounds, some almost as big as those near Shush, and explained that the local name Duzdgah (thieves' place), though not inappropriate, is really a corruption of Dizgah (the place of hill-forts). The people who made those mounds, he opined, lived long before Alexander the Great: they were true Farsi inhabitants of ancient Fars - i.e. original Persians". This opinion was based on the vestiges of irrigation systems and the decline in river level over a measured span of years (Wilson 1942: 179-80).Tall Pa-yi Tall (DI), is the first of such large mounds encountered in this valley, located directly opposite the point where the track opens onto the plain about one farsakh west of Dezhgah. This high, steep mound, 60 x 60 m at the top and 12 m high is square, entirely man-made and with a wide moat surrounding the base. No foundations were visible on the surface. Low mounds begin at the base of this mound and extend about one kilometre to the east along the river bank. The ceramics collected from this site (Fig. 75: w-gg) appear to be mainly Sasanian. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 92 Tall Pa-yi Tall (D1) online reference link [accessed 01 Oct 2024] Tall Saman : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10781725 coordinate: lat 29.268807 long 51.730811 NIMA/GNS names: Qezel Baklu , Tall Saman , تل سامان , قزل بک لو , VARIANT names: Tall Saman , Tall Sorkh-e Palangan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10438824 coordinate: lat 27.9979 long 55.8863 NIMA/GNS names: Tall Sorkh-e Palangan , تل سرخ پلنگان , VARIANT names: Palingoûn , Pelengon , Tall Sorkh-e Palangan , ※ SOURCE for Palingoûn « Après trois milles environ , on passe à gué , près d'un pont nommé Poli-kami , une petite rivière qui vient des monts à gauche , et va se jeter dans celle qui coule près de Taroûn . Le chemin devient un peu boisé. A une heure après midi , nous atteignons le village de Palingoûn . Il n'est composé que de quelques cabanes en branches de palmiers . On nous logea dans une espèce de tour bâtie en terre . [After about three miles, we ford, near a bridge called Poli-kami, a small river which comes from the mountains on the left, and flows into the one which flows near Taroûn. The path becomes a little wooded. At one o'clock in the afternoon, we reached the village of Palingoûn. It is only made up of a few huts made of palm branches. We were housed in a kind of tower built of earth.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 378 ※ SOURCE for Pelengon « il martedì, due e forse tre ore prima di mezzogiorno, giugnemmo e ci fermammo sotto agli alberi di una piccola villa, di dieci o quindici case, detta Pelengon, che vuol dir le pantere o i pardi; non so se forse perchè di tali animali ivi si trovino. [on Tuesday, two or perhaps three hours before noon, we arrived and stopped under the trees of a small villa, of ten or fifteen houses, called Pelengon, which means the panthers or the leopards; I don't know if perhaps because such animals are found there.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 234 « A little further is a Village call'd Pelengon, that is, A Panther; so nam'd from the great number of that sort of Beasts breeding thereabouts. Two Leagues from Pelengon you come to a narrow way between the Mountains, » #3302 Ogilby, John, Asia. The first part being an accurate description of Persia, and the several provinces thereof : ..., Printed by the author at his house in White-friers, London, 1673 ~ p. 7 Tall-e Gaz-e Bozorg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: MT UFI: 10801650 coordinate: lat 28.252507 long 54.393627 NIMA/GNS names: Tall-e Gaz-e Bozorg , تل گز بزرگ , VARIANT names: Tall-e Gaz-e Bozorg , ※ SOURCE for Tall-e Gaz-e Bozorg « Continue across plain to large hill, frequented by nomads. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 59 Tall-e Jangi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: 10334802 coordinate: lat 28.802 long 52.1223 NIMA/GNS names: Tall-e Jangi , تل جنگی , VARIANT names: Tall-e Jangi , Tall-e Kabud : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: 10030167 coordinate: lat 29.1467 long 52.8627 NIMA/GNS names: Tall-e Kabud , تل کبود , VARIANT names: Tall-e Kabud , ※ SOURCE for Tall-e Kabud « « Qaleh Tall-e Kabud » in Abb. 183 Karavanserail Ab-e Germ (Abgerm), Lageskizze » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 102 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 29.816667 long 52.933333 VARIANT names: Tall-i Bakun , ※ SOURCE for Tall-i Bakun Tall-i Bakun, (Iran) 29° 49' N 52° 56' E #429 Roaf, Michael, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1996, pp. 53, 232 before the Medes and Persians #411 p.79 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 29.69 long 56.86 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Tall-i Iblis , ※ SOURCE for Tall-i Iblis smelted copper in use by 4000 BC; Tall-i Iblis, (Iran) 29° 48' N 56° 28' E #429 Roaf, Michael, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1996, pp. 53, 65, 232 pre Medes and Persians #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975, ~ p. 79 also known as the "Devil's Mound" #888 Matheson, S., Persia. An Archaeological Guide, Faber and Faber Limited, 1979, ~ p. 267 Tall-i Malyan : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 30.011389 long 52.408611 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Anshan , Tall-i Malyan , ※ SOURCE for Anshan see source « Tall-i Malyan » « So far, arguments concerning the location of Ansan — excellently summarized by M. Lambert, RA 66 (1972) 68 fï. — have been based on circumstantial evidence alone, since no inscription mentioning a king's building activity at Ansan was until the recent publication of such a text by M. Lambert, RA 66 61 fï., and inscription's provenience was unknown. The decisive proof for the identification Ansan can come only from establishing the provenience of building inscriptions such as this. It is now possible to present this proof. » #3417 Erica Reiner, The Location Of Anšan, Revue d'Assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale, 1973 vol. 67:no. 1:p. 57-62 ~ p. 57 ※ SOURCE for Tall-i Malyan « The identification of Malyan as ancient Anshan is now beyond dispute and the discovery of Proto- Elamite, Old Babylonian and Middle Elamite (?) documents, even within our limited excavations, lends immediate historical interest to the site. (1) fn. 1 For the epigraphic evidence on the identity of Malyan see Erica Reiner, following; also see John Hansman, "Elamites, Achaemenians, and Anshan", Iran X (1972), pp. 101-125. The Malyan excavations conducted in June-July 1971 and Oct.-Nov. 1972 were sponsored by the University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, with additional support from Ohio State University, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Ford Foundation. The staff during these seasons included: John Alden, Elizabeth Carter, Romayne Dawnay, Peter Far- ries, Everet Hale, Mary Virginia Harris, Iqbal Hassan, Brian MacDonald, Aschar Mir-Fattah, Michael Nimtz, Vincent Pigott, Elizabeth K. Ralph, Frances Sumner, Marjorie Weishaar, and Susan Wolkow. I wish to thank them all for their diligence. I also wish to thank the personnel of the Iranian National Research Center for the History of Art and Archaeology for their kind assistance. » #3418 William Sumner, Excavations at Tall-i Malyan, 1971-72, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1974 vol. 12:p. 155-180 ~ p. 155 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 29.15 long 52.516667 VARIANT names: Tall-i Qaleh , ※ SOURCE for Tall-i Qaleh « Tall-i Qaleh, (Iran) 29° 09' N 52° 31' E » #429 Roaf, Michael, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1996, pp. 79 Talmara : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3754940 coordinate: lat 27.9538 long 56.0454 NIMA/GNS names: Talmara , تالمرا , VARIANT names: Talmara , NIMA/GNS feature: ans independent coordinate: lat 25.465 long 59.487 † basis (unknown, disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Talmena , ※ SOURCE for Talmena #972 Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander … translated by P. A. Brunt, Loeb, London, 1976, ~ Indica 29.1 Tambih river : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.784013 long 49.510597 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tambih river , Tembi river , ※ SOURCE for Tambih river « north-east over level ground for 1½ miles to within sight of the Tambih River at which point a graveyard, with several domed tombs, forms a good land mark. The road now turns due east up the Tambih valley crossing and recrossing the Tambih river eleven times. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 77 ※ SOURCE for Tembi river « Tembi river » in {map#1363 in #3538 Captain H. E. Wells, Surveying Tours in Southern Persia, Proceedings of the royal geographical society, London, vol. 5:no. 3:pp. 138-163 ~ fig. } Tamistan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.902448 long 53.91232 † basis (approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Tabistan , Tamaristan , Tamirkhan , Tamistan , Tayinurjan , Timaristan , ※ SOURCE for Tabistan « Tabistan ou Tamistän ou Timäristän VI C4 Localisation hypothétique Cité de la circonscription de Darabagird, à 4 parasanges de Fasā I 103(c), 107, 132, Η 262, 267, 285, Hur 46, 53, Muq 422 Yaq II, 560, Schw 101 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 58 ※ SOURCE for Tamaristan « Gilian, a walled village surrounded by pleasant orchards some 5 miles farther up the stream. Close to the west of it lies an old village site marked by small mounds, now dug for the sake of earth for manure almost to the level of surrounding fields. Local tradition knows the site by the name of Tamāristan, and this makes it possible to locate here the Tamistān which Is?akhri and other early Arab geographers mention on the way from Fasa to Darābgird. The place was still known to Pietro Della Valle in 1622 by the name of Timaristan. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 160 ※ SOURCE for Tamirkhan « The Avard or Urd Meadows. Now known as Kūshk-i- Zard. These are excellent pasture-lands, broad and long, with many springs. The climate is cold, and the grass here is very fattening. There are many large villages, as for instance Dih Bajjah, Tamirkhan (4) and others. These meadow-lands are ten leagues in length by five in breadth. fn. 4 Or Taharjan with many variants: given by Yaqut as Timäristän. » #3133 trans. G. Le Strange, The Geographical Part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub¯ Composed by Hamd-Allāh Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 133 ※ SOURCE for Tamistan « Tamistän 11) (bei Mukaddasi Tabistan (12)) mit Kanzelmoschee (13). Die Stadt lag vier Parasangen von Fasā auf dem Wege nach Darabe- gird (14), ist also etwa in der Nähe von Nabandagan zu suchen. Della Valle setzt es gleich Timaristan, das nach ihm 5 Meilen von Fasā liegt (15). Ein Timäristän nennt aber schon Mukaddasi in dieser Gegend. Es lag nach ihm einen halben Tagemarsch von Fasa ent- fernt (16). Wahrscheinlich sind beide Orte zu trennen, sie werden nur einander nahe gelegen haben. Unsicher bleibt die Zusammenstellung des Gaues Tamistän mit der von Tabari bei den Härigiten-Kämpfen des Jahres 68 d. H. erwähnten Brücke von Tamestän¹). Man möchte sie näher an Istahr suchen 2), wenn auch ein Teil der geschlagenen Härigiten von da nach Kirman zieht. fn. 11 Hord. 46, 8. fn. 12 Mak, 52, 6: 422, 9. fn. 13 Ist. 107, 3; Hank. 184, 2 (Jak. 3, 547, 12). fn. 14 Hord. 53, 1; Ist. 132, 2; Hauk. 201, 7. fn. 15 Della Valle 3, 144 b. fn. 16 Muk. 455, 1. Der Name erscheint auch in der Provinz Istahr, vgl. oben S. 28, Z. 11. [Tamistän 11) (near Mukaddasi Tabistan (12)) with pulpit mosque (13). The city was four parasangs from Fasā on the way to Darabegird (14), so it is to be found approximately in the vicinity of Nabandagan. Della Valle equates it with Timaristan, which according to him is 5 miles from Fasā (15). But a Timarist already calls Mukaddasi in this area. According to him, it was half a day's walk from Fasa (16). The two places can probably be separated, they are just close to each other. The combination of the district of Tamistän with that of Tabari in the Härigite battles of 68 d. remains uncertain. H. mentioned Bridge of Tamestän¹). One would like to look for them closer to Istahr2), although some of the defeated Härigites move from there to Kirman. fn. 11 hordes. 46, 8. fn. 12 Mak, 52, 6: 422, 9. fn. 13 Is. 107, 3; Hank. 184, 2 (James 3, 547, 12). fn. 14 Hord. 53, 1; Is. 132, 2; Hauk. 201, 7. fn. 15 Della Valle 3, 144 b. fn. 16 Muk. 455, 1. The name also appears in the province of Istahr, cf. above p. 28, line 11.] » #1717 Schwarz, Paul, Iran im Mittelalter nach arabischen Geographen, O. Harrassowitz, Leipzig, 1896 ~ ※ SOURCE for Tayinurjan « Murghsar Ürd (3)-This is a very rich meadow-land, of the cold region. From end to end it has springs of fresh- water and populous villages, and of these last are the hamlets of Bajjah and Taymurjān. e fn. 3 3 For Urd see above, p. 21. Tayinurjān is no longer to be found on the map. The naine may be read Tamirjan ; it is probably to be identified with Timāristan, which Yaqut (i, 197, 908) gives as the chief town of Urd. » #3077 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum Asiatic Society Monographs XIV, Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1912 ~ p. 69 ※ SOURCE for Timaristan « Timaristan » #2675 Atlante novissimo, ill. ed accrescinto sulle osservazioni e scoperte fatte dai piu celebri e piu recenti geografi., Presso Antonio Zatta, Venice, 1785, vol. 4: ~ map L'Impero della Persia Divisoi ne suoi stati Tanab Fire Temple : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 27.218581 long 53.624208 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Tanab Fire Temple , ※ SOURCE for Tanab Fire Temple « The Tanab Fire Temple dates back to the Sassanid period and is located in LarestanCounty , Bayrom District , on the Bayrom - Ashkennan Road, west of the power plant, opposite the Documents Registration Office. This work was registered on September 8, 2008 with registration number 23212 as one of the national works of Iran. » online reference link [accessed 31 Dec 2024] Tang Dalan : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3090306 coordinate: lat 27.339909 long 55.092884 Supplement: Arch. Site Karawanenhaltepunkt Tang-e Dalan located 0.49 km heading 16° of these coordinates. NIMA/GNS names: Pas Par Dalan , Tang Dalan , Tang-e Dalan , تنگ دالان , VARIANT names: Carvansera Dalong , Carvansera Delangh , Dalaun , Par Par Dalan , Pas-Par-Dalan , S. Tang-Dolan , S. Tangtalan , S. Tanguedalan , Tang Dalan , Tangadoelon , Tang-e Dalan , Tangedelangh , Tangedelon , Tanggetelon , Tanghoedalou , Tanghy-Dolon , Tango Talan , Tangotalan , Tankadalone , Tanke Dalon , Tenghidalan , Tenghi-Daloûn , Tengi Dalun , Tengidahan , Tenguedélan , Tenquidalen , Yanikidalin , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Tang Dalan FOR Ourmangel (Newberry) [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Carvansera Dalong « 20 Nov 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 385 ※ SOURCE for Carvansera Delangh « 9 July 1645 » #3230 Dagh Register gehouden bij den oppercoopman Leonard Winninx ‘tsindert den 6 Julij anno 1645 dat uijt Gamron naer Spahan vertreckt, tot den 24e November, daeraen volgende, als wanneer in gemelte Gamron wederom gearriveert is." inventory number 1152 catalogue reference number 1.04.02, Nationaal Archief, Den Haag, ~ f. 360 ※ SOURCE for Dalaun « Ensuite, après six farsangs de marche, nous arrivâmes à Dalaun, petit village que Chardin appelle Tenk-Dalaun (Tenk serait-il une corruption de Kend, village?), qui a cinq ou six maisons et autant de cabanes, quelques cultures et de bonne eau. Dalaun doit son existence à une petite source qui sort du pied de la montagne. [Then, after six farsangs of walking, we arrived at Dalaun, a small village that Chardin calls Tenk-Dalaun (is Tenk a corruption of Kend, village?), which has five or six houses and as many huts, some crops and good water. Dalaun owes its existence to a small spring that emerges from the foot of the mountain.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 532 ※ SOURCE for Par Par Dalan « Par Par Dalan » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} « KM 063 Pas Par Dalan (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 « At 8¾ miles the large caravanserai of Pas Par Dälän is reached, and close by the ruins of older struc- tures. There is a small grove of date trees. A foot- path, guarded by a small watch tower, leads over the hills to the village of Dalan. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 32 ※ SOURCE for Pas-Par-Dalan « As we near the eastern mouth of the Tang, the sides of the gorge gradually decrease in height, till at 17 miles they merge in a vale, sparsely covered with grass, upon whiclr, on surmounting a short and gentle slope, we enter. At 17 miles 7 furlongs, the two delapidated caravanserais of Pas-Par-Dalan, with two cisterns, and a grove of date trees, are close to the south side of the road, and 400 yards to north of a low but steep and rocky range about 200 feet high, over which a path, for infantry only, leads to the village of Dalan, distant 600 yards or so from the southern foot of the low range. The road, for pack animals, from Pas-Par-Dalan to the latter village, passing round the eastern extremity of this range, is 4 miles 2 furlongs in length. Altitude of Pas-Par-Dalan above sea, 881 feet. The village of Dalan possesses a partly ruined caravanserai, and is surrounded by date groves. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 30 « At 8 miles the large caravansardi of Pās Par Dālān is reached, and close by the ruins of older structures. There is a small grove of date trees. A footpath, guarded by a small watch tower, leads over the hills to the village of Dalan. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ pp. 166-7 ※ SOURCE for S. Tang-Dolan « KM 063 S. Tang-Dolan (Herbert) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for S. Tangtalan « KM 063 S. Tangtalan (De Silva Figueroa) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for S. Tanguedalan « KM 063 S. Tanguedalan (Chardin) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 ※ SOURCE for Tang Dalan « Persian text omitted. [They move from Jihun and go to Tang Dalan, it is three farsakhs and the road is straight. The road splits before reaching half a mile.] » #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 580 ※ SOURCE for Tangadoelon « Den 12. dito vertrek zyn Ed: weder op 't vorige uur desnachts, trok voorby Tangadoelon, quam ontrent half negen in Goermoet, [On the 12th his Ed left: again at the previous hour at night, passed Tangadoelon, arrived at Goermoet about half past eight,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 273 ※ SOURCE for Tang-e Dalan « [margin: 23] The next day, the 23rd, the caravan stopped at a caravanserai called Tang-e Dālān. The valley through which we were traveling narrowed there, the mountains being closer together.... All those who stop at this caravanserai of Tang-e Dālān use this aqueduct as an open and level road when they go to the villages that were founded on the plain for supplies, thanks to the same aqueduct » #2651 trans. and ed; Jeffrey S. Turley and George Bryan Souza, The Commentaries of D. García de Silva y Figueroa on his Embassy to Shah ʿAbbās I of Persia on Behalf of Philip III, King of Spain, Brill, Leiden, 2017, ~ p. 298-9 ※ SOURCE for Tangedelangh « quamen 's avonts met 'tligt van de maan door key en moeyelijke bergwegh ontrent ten thien uuren en ruym 6 mijlen verder in Tangedelangh) weder bij de caffila, welke om een uur naar middernagt voorts te gaan van de miiddag aff daar gerust had. [In the evening with the moonlight through a key and difficult mountain road around 10 o'clock and about 6 miles further in Tangedelangh) we arrived again at the caffila, which had rested there for an hour to midnight from noon onwards.] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 41 ※ SOURCE for Tangedelon « and afterwards with much Pain we measured six Miles more to Tangedelon (2), where we eased our selves at a Caravan Ser Raw near a Stream of living Water sweetly gliding through the middle of it, and wash’d the Dust off our sweaty Bodies, in a Tank contrived to make a pleasant Bath under the Roof of the Seraw. Tangedelon expresses in its Mothers Speech, A Strait Passage, which hits exactly with the following Munsel; fn. 2 “ The Tang-i-Dalan is a narrow gorge through which the Hajamal river flows” {Ibid. 157). “Next [after Cowrestan] to Tanghy-Dolon {i.e. a narrow way) praiseworthy in her Lodge or Carravans-raw, but especially in the sweet Crystallin water we found there” (Herbert, 125). “The distinction between Dahaneh and Teng, both Persian words applied to passes, is strictly as follows: Dahaneh is the span or pass lying between two hills ; Teng is a narrow defile between vertical walls of rock” (Curzon, i, 123 n.). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 189 ※ SOURCE for Tanggetelon « 15 The 15th daye we came to Tanggetelon [Tang-i-Dalan], a caravansero lying in a wildernesse.Here we picht, haueing traveled 5 long lges. of veri stonie waye, weh seemed to me as though itwere som times overflowne wth water. Here is good store of water but noght els for man or horse, but ther is a litle towne beioynd a hill lying by thls ca: a matter of a leauge off, wch is waterd wth the same water as comes from this caravan: » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 84 ※ SOURCE for Tanghoedalou « On y mit la malade qui s'y trouva beaucoup plus à fon aife que dans la premiere, et nous arrivámes à 2. heures du matin au Caravanserai de Tanghoedalou, où nous trouvames Monficur Bakker inspecteur des magazins, dont on a déja parlé, le fecretaire et le maitre d'hôtel de Gamron, qui venoient à la rencontre de Monfieur Kastelein. [We put the patient there, who was much more at home than in the first, and we arrived at 2 a.m. at the Caravanserai of Tanghoedalou, where we found Monficur Bakker, inspector of stores, of whom we have already spoken, the secretary and the butler of Gamron, who came to meet Monfieur Kastelein.] » #3227 LeBrun, Corneille, Voyages de Corneille Le Brun par la Moscovie, en Perse, et aux Indes Orientales., Wetstein, Amsterdam, 1718 ~ p. 318 ※ SOURCE for Tanghy-Dolon « next, to Tanghy-Dolon (i. e. a narrow way) praifeworthy in her Lodge or Carravans-raw, but eſpecially in the ſweet Cryſtallin water wee found there. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 125 ※ SOURCE for Tango Talan « Otro dia, á 23, vino la carauana á parar al carauasar de Tango Talan, haziendose alli mas estrecho el valle por donde se caminaua, por estar los montes mas çercanos, á donde fue la primera vez que se uio correr agua de un arroyo salado, aunque traia tan poca que apenas mojauan los camellos los pies en ella, pero todo aquel llano pareçia cubierto de aquellas guijas redon- das que suele auer en los rrios. Auia junto á este ca- rauasar dos grandes cisternas con abundancia de buena agua; [Another day, on the 23rd, the carauana came to stop at the carauasar of Tango Talan, where the valley through which it was walking became narrower, because the mountains were closer, where it was the first time that water was heard flowing from a salty stream, although it had so little that the camels barely dipped their feet in it, but that entire plain seemed covered with those round pebbles that usually find in rivers. There were two large cisterns next to this carauasar with an abundance of good water;] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 pp. 282-3 ※ SOURCE for Tangotalan « Le lendemain 23. la Carauane s'arreſta à vn Carauanfera, nomme Tangotalan, dans vn lieu où la montagne fe ferrant de fort prés, étreffit le Valon, en forte qu'à peine ferme-t-elle vn chemin, où les chameaux puiffent paffer. [The next day, 23, the Carauane stopped at a Carauanfera, called Tangotalan, in a place where the mountain closing in very close, squeezes the Valon, so strong that it barely closes a path, where the camels can walk paffer.] » #3246 traduite de l'espagnol par Mr. de Wicqfort, L'ambassade de D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa en Perse, contenant la politique de ce grand Empire, les moeurs du roy schach Abbas et une relation exacte de tous les lieux de Perse et des Indes où cet ambassadeur a esté l'espace de huit années qu'il y a demeuré, Louis Billaine, Paris, 1667 ~ p. 60 ※ SOURCE for Tankadalone « 3 [March]. Sett out for Jehun, 7 farsangs, very bad stoney way. About 8 at night arrived at Tankadalone, 5 farsangs, a good caravensaroy with a Tank in the middle built in form of a cross, within side. Here lay till 4 in the morning; then sett out for Jehun, the other 2 farsangs. Arrived about 6 in the morning the 4th March. This is a good caraven. saroy tho small; a great distance from any village. note: Diary of 3 March 1707/8. Tankadalone. Tang-i-Dalan, a narrow gorge: Pers. tang, 'narrow,' and dalan, 'corri- dor,' here meaning a gorge. See Fryer, II, 189 and n. 2. Le Bruyn (II, 70-1) calls it Tang-boedalou and says that "A small canal passes through the Caravanserai, which is not very large, but extremely agreeable, and well-built: It is all of stone, and the water of the canal, which runs through it, flows from a little rivulet at a small distance from it. It has likewise the advantage of being sheltered from the hot winds." He does not mention the inn in the plain of Jehun, "a great distance from any village," where Scattergool halted. » #3248 Bernard P. Scattergood, Ed. Temple, Carnac Rihard, The Scattergoods and the East India Company, A Collection of Mss., Indian Antiquary, Bernard Quaritch, London, 1930 vol. LIX:pt DCCXXXVI-A:pp. 33-74 ~ pp. 44 and 49 ※ SOURCE for Tanke Dalon « Den 24. dito trokken wy voorby 3 Karrawanſera's, Ahaſimaal, Bascomakoe, en Sertang genaamd, hebbende elendige huis-velting. Onzen Sergeant, met den Opper-meelter voor uyt gereden zynde, vonden wy op de weg leggen, konnende wegens een zware koorts 't paard ryden niet verdragen. Wy namen ons verblyf tot Tanke Dalon, een tamelyke Karrawanſera, en twee huizingen, [On the 24th we passed by 3 Karrawanſeras, named Ahaſimaal, Bascomakoe, and Sertang, who had miserable house-felling. We found our Sergeant, who had ridden ahead with the Chief Master, lying on the road, unable to bear to ride the horse due to a severe fever. We took up our abode at Tanke Dalon, a fairly small Karrawanſera, and two houses,] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ bk. 2 p. 266 ※ SOURCE for Tenghidalan « Our way continued ſtill bad, till about ſeven of the Clock in the Morning, that we came to a Kervanferay, called Tenghidalan this Kervanſeray is covered as many others are, but it is much finer. It is a Square about eight Fathom; in the middle of each Face there is a great Arch, by which one enters into Vaults, which make and Croſs, as in the others, but they are higher, and it is not under thefe Vaults that Travellers Lodges for the Chambers are in the four Corners, about three Fathom (quare, two or three foot raiſed from the Ground, and open on the two fides within, where there are great Arches from the Floor up to the Vault; each Chamber harh its Chimuy, and other small conveniences: the Place in the middle is covered with a Dome, in which there is a great round opening in the top, » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ pt. 2 p. 133 ※ SOURCE for Tenghi-Daloûn « Après avoir passé le lit d'un large torrent sans eau, on joint le hameau de Ten- ghi-Daloûn, où sont deux citernes en forme de berceau. L'eau qu'elles renferment est un peu saumâtre. Au milieu de ce hameau est une tour où des gardes veillent nuit et jour pour préserver les villageois de quelque attaque.Le 18, après avoir fait le tour d'une col- line, nous passons à gué un ruisseau salé, qui coule de droite à gauche. Peu après est un aquéduc à demi ruiné. [After crossing the bed of a large torrent without water, we reach the hamlet of Tenghi-Daloûn, where there are two cradle-shaped cisterns. The water they contain is a little brackish. In the middle of this hamlet is a tower where guards watch night and day to protect the villagers from any attack.On the 18th, after going around a hill, we ford a salty stream, which flows from right to left. Shortly after is a half-ruined aqueduct.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 pp. 426-7 ※ SOURCE for Tengi Dalun « den 24. Dez. zur Karawanserei Tengi Dalun (Tâng Dâlân) 6 Farsach. [on Dec. 24 zur Karawanserei Tengi Dalun (Tâng Dâlân) 6 Farsach.] » #3220 Engelbert Kaempfer, ed. Karl Meier-Lemgo, Die Reisetagebu¨cher, F. Steiner, Weisbaden, 1968 ~ p. 122 ※ SOURCE for Tengidahan « Dieser Platz zog die Aufmerksamkeit aller Reisenden auf sich, die unseren Weg nahmen, denn hier traf man nach dem Verlassen der Ebene von Bandar-e "Abbās zum ersten Mal auf-wenn auch schlecht schmeckendes fließendes Wasser. Thévenots Beschreibung der Anlage ist wert zitiert zu werden: Er gelangte zu einem Karvansarai, Tengidahan genannt. Der ist bedeckt wie viele andere, ist aber weit schöner. Er hat auf beiden Seiten in der Mitte ungefähr acht Klafter im Geviert.[This place attracted the attention of all travelers who took our route, for here, after leaving the plain of Bandar-e "Abbās, one encountered, for the first time, running water, albeit bad in taste. Thévenot's description of the place is worth quoting be: He came to a Karvansarai, called Tengidahan. It is covered like many others, but is far more beautiful. It has about eight fathoms squared in the middle on both sides.] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 42 ※ SOURCE for Tenguedélan « Ma traite se termina à Tenguedélan (*), comme qui diroit défilé, ou passage étroit, où il y a deux caravanserais et des citernes. Ce lieu est entre deux montagnes fort hautes, qui ne sont éloignées que d'un quart de lieue l'une de l'autre. L'un des caravanserais a un bassin d'eau vive, qui coule au travers d'un canal de pierre; (*) Prononces Tenk dildun. Ces mots, dit Fryer, signifient dans leur langue maternelle, un passage étroit. Herbert donne la même interprétation; expembat cos mots devroient signifier caure étroits, affligis, et le nom du kiraviarly suivant, semble justifier ma conjecture, C. le Bruyn at Thivent s'accordent à faire une description charmante de ce kravénarity, à unes lequel passe uns petite rivière. (L) [My journey ended at Tenguedélan (*), as if one would say parade, or narrow passage, where there are two caravanserais and cisterns. This place is between two very high mountains, which are only a quarter of a league apart. One of the caravanserais has a pool of white water, which flows through a stone channel;(*) Pronounced Tenk dildun. These words, says Fryer, mean in their native language, a narrow passage. Herbert gives the same interpretation; expembat these words should mean narrow, afflicted caure, and the name of the following kiraviarly, seems to justify my conjecture, C. le Bruyn and Thivent agree in making a charming description of this kravénarity, through which a small river passes. (L)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 493 « Le 23, au soir, je montai à cheval, foible et étourdi que j'étois, comme un homme prêt à tomber malade. Je fis ma traite, et arrivai à Tanguedelan (1); fn. 1 Tenk délâun, dont il a été fait mention ci-dessus, tom. VIII, pag. 493. (L-s.) [On the 23rd, in the evening, I mounted my horse, weak and dizzy as I was, like a man ready to fall ill. I did my trading, and arrived at Tanguedelan (1); fn. 1 Tenk délâun, mentioned above, tom. VIII, p. 493. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 9 p. 79 ※ SOURCE for Tenquidalen j'arrivai à un carvansera neuf appelé Tenquidalen. Il y a au milieu un petit bassin d'eau vive formé par un ruisseau qui vient de la montagne, et comme il y a un vallon et un torrent entre deux, on fait passer cette eau par un canal sous le torrent, [I arrived at a new carvansera called Tenquidalen. In the middle there is a small pool of living water formed by a stream that comes from the mountain, and as there is a valley and a torrent between two, this water is passed through a channel under the torrent,] ※ SOURCE for Yanikidalin « (31) Yanikidalin [? sic-- 6 farsakhs. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 Tang e Bastak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.273683 long 54.475776 Supplement: area defined in google maps see link below VARIANT names: Tang e Bastak , ※ SOURCE for Tang e Bastak l i n k 134 [accessed 02 Jul 2024] Tang e Bastak caravanserai : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.270934 long 54.478682 Supplement: approximately external 16.5x16.5m internal courtyard 10x10m barrel roof 3.5m wide all 4 sides located on Bastak-Lar Rd next to Bastak-Bandar Abbas Rd junction to east VARIANT names: Bastak carav. north of pass , Tang e Bastak caravanserai , Typ Senakhet km 115 (Pohanka) , ※ SOURCE for Bastak carav. north of pass « Bastak carav. north of pass, Hormozgan 1986 - General view of the caravanserai and entrance » photographs online reference link [accessed 19 Nov 2024] ※ SOURCE for Tang e Bastak caravanserai online reference link [accessed 02 Jul 2024] « Teng Bastak Caravanserai belongs to the Safavid - Qajar period and is located in Bastak city, central sector, Fatuyeh district, and this work was registered as one of Iran's national works on 27th of Bahman 2002 with registration number 10926. » online reference link [accessed 02 Jul 2024] ※ SOURCE for Typ Senakhet km 115 (Pohanka) « An der safavidischen Straße über den Garda- neh-e Burkah, die noch einige der von Gemel- li-Carreri erwähnten Stützmauern erkennen läßt, stehen bei km 115 und km 121 im freien Gelände weitere Bauten vom Typ Senakhet, [On the Safavid road over the Garda-neh-e Burkah, which still shows some of the retaining walls mentioned by Gemelli-Carreri, there are further buildings of the Senakhet type in the open area at km 115 and km 121.] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 308 Tang e Karzin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.507675 long 53.10682 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Tang e Karzin , Tang i Lir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.673377 long 52.340822 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tang i Lir , ※ SOURCE for Tang i Lir «Tang i Lir » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ Figure 10. The western part of Siraf with Kunarak water course at the centre, Site J in the right foreground and Site 0 on the far right. p. 19 Tang Ij : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10401733 coordinate: lat 28.9589 long 54.1476 NIMA/GNS names: Tang Ij , تنگ ایج , VARIANT names: Tang Ij , Tang Khowr : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: GROVE UFI: 10389255 coordinate: lat 27.18 long 53.4242 NIMA/GNS names: Tang Khowr , تنگ خور , VARIANT names: Tang Khowr , Tang Leylam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: 10119777 coordinate: lat 32.977122 long 47.859783 NIMA/GNS names: Tang Leylam , تنگ لیلم , VARIANT names: Tang Leylam , Tang Rahdari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.269739 long 55.504683 VARIANT names: Tang Rahdari , ※ SOURCE for Tang Rahdari « Note. From Birkeh Sultan a narrow pass, Tang Rahdari (pronounced Rowdari), through the spur Kishi, bears N. by W. ¼ W. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 33 tang sefid : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.348576 long 51.533186 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: tang sefid , Tang Tavakali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.318962 long 53.196348 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Tang Tavakali تنگِ تَوَکَلی VARIANT names: Tang Tavakali , Tang-e Ab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.908049 long 52.54281 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location based on Kleiss description VARIANT names: Tang-e Ab , ※ SOURCE for Tang-e Ab « 11 km nördlich der Station am Südausgang des Taldurchbruchs (Tang-e Ab) von Qal'eh Dukhtar(139)bei Firuzabad, die 2 km nördlich des sasanidischen Palastes von Firuzabad (140) liegt. fn. 139 D. Huff, AMI N.F. 4, 1971, 127 ff.fn. 140 Ders., Bild der Wissenschaft 11, 1977, 48 ff. [11 km north of the station at the southern exit of the valley breakthrough (Tang-e Ab) of Qal'eh Dukhtar (139) near Firuzabad, which is 2 km north of the Sasanian palace of Firuzabad (140). fn. 139 D. Huff, AMI N.F. 4, 1971, 127 ff.fn. 140 Ders., Bild der Wissenschaft 11, 1977, 48 ff.] » #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ p. 118 Tang-e Abjun : stream grp 1 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3193503 coordinate: lat 30.2 long 51.366667 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Abjun , Tang-i-Abjun , تنگ آبجون , VARIANT names: Tang-e Abjun , Tang-e Abu ol Hayat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10782567 coordinate: lat 29.704329 long 51.786391 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Abu ol Hayat , تنگ ابو الحیات , VARIANT names: Tang-e Abu ol Hayat , Tang-e Aghar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 153410 coordinate: lat 28.642222 long 52.688889 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Aghar , VARIANT names: Tang-e Aghar , ※ SOURCE for Tang-e Aghar « The route followed from Rūdbär led down the valley past deserted hamlets to where the Firūzābād stream has cut its way southward in a deep narrow cañon through the Aqir range. This is quite impracticable for any pack animal, and the crest of the range, at an elevation of 5,500 ft., had to be approached over steep rocky slopes. But fortunately we found that the difficult track had been somewhat improved by Saulat-ud-Dauleh for the benefit of his large mounted host. Ultimately a long and trying descent over bare ledges of limestone brought us by nightfall to a small spring where it was possible to halt. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 130 Tang-e Avak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 13892121 coordinate: lat 28.386307 long 53.830991 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Avak , Tang-e Avak , تنگ اوک , دره اوک , VARIANT names: Tang-e Avak , Tang-i-Habak , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Habak « At½ mile the hills to the W. are pierced by a gap, 200 feet above the plain level. At 1 mile the Tang-i-Habak is passed 800 yards to the W. piercing the hills at plain level. A footpath is reported to run through this gap, vii Bagh-i-Anjir to Jüwon. A large stream passes through the defile draining N.-E. into the main stream of the valley, which flows W.-N.-W. The road follows the latter, crossing the stream frequently, and is here stony and difficult in places, but as a rule, easy for pack animals, and sloping gently W.-N.-W. At 3 miles the road runs along the eastera slopes of a small ridge intervening between the main stream and the hills to the W. of a mile distant. At 8 miles the road, still of a mile from the hills to the W., leaves the stream, which runs W.-N.-W., and traverses low foot-hills. Two miles to the E. is the date grove and the small cultivated area of Salvā. At »#3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 176 Tang-e Bid Zard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 13916029 coordinate: lat 27.872361 long 53.330745 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Bid Zard , Tang-e Bid Zard , تنگ بید زرد , دره بید زرد , VARIANT names: Tang-e Bid Zard , Tang-e Bolaghi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: GRGE UFI: -3193964 coordinate: lat 30.1665 long 53.154 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Bolaghi , Tang-e Bulakeh , Tang-e Bulaki , Tang-i-Bulakai , تنگ بلاغی , VARIANT names: Tang-e Bolaghi , Tang-e Chandar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 11185835 coordinate: lat 31.299388 long 50.212291 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Chandar , تنگ چندار , VARIANT names: Tang-e Chandar , Tang-e Darbast : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 13920896 coordinate: lat 27.981421 long 53.108877 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Darbast , Tang-e Darbast , تنگ داربست , دره داربست , VARIANT names: Tang-e Darbast , Tang-e Deh Sheykh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3194417 coordinate: lat 28.25 long 56.233333 NIMA/GNS names: Deh Shaikh Pass , Godar-i-Abadi , Tang-e Deh Sheykh , Tang-i-Deh Shaikh , تنگ ده شيخ , VARIANT names: Tang-e Deh Sheykh , Tang-e Fani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3793681 coordinate: lat 33.0156 long 47.7666 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Fani , Tolombeh Khaneh-ye Tang-e Fani , تلمبه خانۀ تنگ فنی , تنگ فنی , VARIANT names: Tang-e Fani , Tang-i-Fanni , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Fanni « Tang-i-Fanni » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. I-38R Kuh-I-Dasht} Tang-e Fani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3794122 coordinate: lat 33.03917 long 47.782957 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Tang-e Fani , Tang-e Fani , تنگ فنی , دره تنگ فنی , VARIANT names: Tang-e Fani , Tang-e Gilek : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: GRGE UFI: -3194722 coordinate: lat 28.016667 long 56.716667 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Gilek , Tang-i-Gilek , تنگ گيلك , VARIANT names: Tang-e Gilek , Tang-e Haleh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3794284 coordinate: lat 33.4043 long 47.57 NIMA/GNS names: Kamareh , Kamareh-ye Mishnan , Mishnan , Mishnun , Tang-e Haleh , تنگ هاله , كمرۀ ميشنان , ميشنان , میشنون , کمره , VARIANT names: Tang-e Haleh , Tang-e Hana : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3090503 coordinate: lat 29.453343 long 54.120175 NIMA/GNS names: Shahrak-e Tang-e Hana , Tang Hana , Tang-e Hana , تنگ حنا , شهرک تنگ حنا , VARIANT names: Tang-e Hana , Tang-e Hiyal 335 : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.090061 long 53.484561 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tang-e Hiyal 335 , ※ SOURCE for Tang-e Hiyal 335 « Beyond this plain the path rises steeply, then descends even more steeply to about two km over 300 m, and flows at KM 335 into the Tang-e Hiyal, where a gravel road (after days a gravel road again!) leads between the over 1000 m high Küh-e Bücir and Fallin-Küh, to Rustäq and from there on to Bandar-e Carak on the Persian Gulf. » #3262 Gaube, Heinz, Im Hinterland von Siraf. Das Tal von Galledar/Fal und seine Nachbargebiete : (Tafeln 30-37)., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1980 vol. 13:pp. 149-166 ~ p. 161 Tang-e Khoshkeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 12643033 coordinate: lat 33.368138 long 48.337218 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Khoshkeh , Tang-e Khoshkeh , تنگ خشکه , دره خشکه , VARIANT names: Tang-e Khoshkeh , Tang-e Khur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3746127 coordinate: lat 27.665005 long 53.355399 Supplement: position of Ab-Anbar-i-Kinar based on distance of 28 farskhs between Khunj and Huzu prorated over possible route of 241 km NIMA/GNS names: Dehkadeh-ye Ab-e Shirin-e Tang-e Khowr , Nakhlestan-e Tang-e Khowr , Tang Khowr , Tang-e Khowr , Tang-e Khur , تنگ خور , دهکده آب شیرین تنگ خور , نخلستان تنگ خور , VARIANT names: Ab-Anbar-i-Kinar , Tang-e Khur , ※ SOURCE for Ab-Anbar-i-Kinar « to the city of Khunj, thence 5 to Ab-Anbar-i-Kinär, » #3133 trans. G. Le Strange, The Geographical Part of the Nuzhat-al-qulub¯ Composed by Hamd-Allāh Mustawfi of Qazwin in 740 (1340), Brill, Leiden, 1919 ~ p. 176 « thence 5 to Ab-Anbar-i-Kinar, » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 257 « thence 5 to Ab-Anbar-i-Kinar, » #3139 G. Le Strange, Description of Persia and Mesopotamia in the Year 1340 A.D. from the Nuzhat-al-Ḳulūb of Ḥamd-Allah Mustawfi, with a Summary of the Contents of That Work (Continued from p. 266,, The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1902 ~ p. 762 « The route beyond Khunj has not been identified. Le Strange had had to give up on restoring the names of the stages listed in the Nuzhat al-qulüb. The first relay after Khunj was at the "Jujube Cistern", Ab-anbär-i Kunār (rather than Kinār, as Le Strange says, trans. G.M.S., p. 176). » #893 Aubin, Jean, La Survie de Shilāu et la route du Khunj-o-Fāl, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969, 7:21-37 ~ p. 28 Tang-e Kish : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 151519 coordinate: lat 28.316389 long 52.617222 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Kish , VARIANT names: Tang-e Kish , Tang-e Kolun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: GRGE UFI: 10399732 coordinate: lat 28.3013 long 53.9825 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Kolun , تنگ کلون , VARIANT names: Tang-e Kolun , Tang-e Kuleh'i : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3759687 coordinate: lat 29.147778 long 52.640833 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Kuleh'i , Tang-e Luleh'i , VARIANT names: Tang-e Kuleh'i , Tang-e Lagol : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10907878 coordinate: lat 31.762913 long 50.266272 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Lagol , تنگ لاگل , VARIANT names: Tang-e Lagol , Tang-e Lash : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3072953 coordinate: lat 31.196251 long 50.616838 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Lash , Tang-e Lash , تنگ لاش , VARIANT names: Tang-e Lash , Tang-e Lizdar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3195657 coordinate: lat 27.75 long 53.916667 NIMA/GNS names: Gardaneh-ye Lizdar , Lizdar Pass , Tang-e Lizdar , Tang-i-Lizdar , گردنۀ ليزدر , VARIANT names: Tang-e Lizdar , Tang-e Man : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3766908 coordinate: lat 27.978387 long 52.141984 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Man , تنگ مان , VARIANT names: Tang-e Man , ※ SOURCE for Tang-e Man « a well named "Mahmüd," and a line of ganits are close to the N. and S. side of the road respectively. The valley slopes gently from S. to N. At 4 miles 5 furlongs an irrigation conduit of good water runs for 6 furlongs close to the N. side of the road. At 6 miles 3 furlongs pass a small encampment of Iliāts close to the foot of the hills on the S. side of the valley. As the place is named "Tang-i Man," it would appear that there is a pass (Tang) through this range of hills either here, or in the immediate vicinity. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p.182 Tang-e Marun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: GRGE UFI: -3195789 coordinate: lat 28.416667 long 57.366667 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Marun , Tang-i-Marun , VARIANT names: Tang-e Marun , Tang-e Mun : stream grp 32 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3075722 coordinate: lat 31.597513 long 50.469962 NIMA/GNS names: Rudkhaneh-ye Monj , Tang-e Monj , Tang-e Mun , Tang-i-Munj , تنگ منج , تنگ مون , رودخانه منج , VARIANT names: Tang-e Mun , Tang-e Mur : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3759488 coordinate: lat 30.266634 long 53.939454 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Tang Mur , Tang-e Mur , Tang-e Tang Mahur , تنگ تنگ ماهور , تنگ مور , دره تنگ مور , VARIANT names: Tang-e Mur , Tang-e Nashelil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3090511 coordinate: lat 31.700389 long 49.892632 NIMA/GNS names: Choft Nashelil , Keft-e Nashelil , Ketaf-e Nashelil , Tang-e Nashelil , Tang-e Nashlil , Tang-i-Nashalil , چفت ناشلیل , کتف ناشلیل , کفت ناشلیل , VARIANT names: Tang-e Nashelil , Tang-e Qaf : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3823409 coordinate: lat 31.734018 long 50.123624 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Qaf , تنگ قاف , Tang-e Sarbon : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 10105048 coordinate: lat 33.576028 long 46.853876 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Sarbon , Tang-e Sazbon , تنگ ساربن , تنگ سازبن , VARIANT names: Sazaban , Tang-e Sarbon , ※ SOURCE for Tang-e Sarbon « The deep-cut river-bed passed out of view altogether; only glimpses could be caught from higher ground of the formidable twisting gorge of Sazaban to the north from which it debouches. » #3114 Stein, Aurel, Sir, Old routes of Western I¯ra¯n; narrative of an archaeological journey, Macmillan and Co., London, 1940 ~ p. 227 Tang-e Shahriari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: VAL UFI: 13927305 coordinate: lat 28.142461 long 53.078799 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Shahriari , Tang-e Shahriari , تنگ شهریاری , دره شهریاری , VARIANT names: Tang-e Shahriari , Tang-i-Shahriyari , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Shahriyari « For some way after this it can be followed on horse or foot, through the plains of Afzar and Laghar-o-Maku, through the Tang-i-Shahriyari to Kupkab, near Gird Bisheh, where the valley is about 3 miles broad. » #2878 Gazetteer of Persia vol. III., Government of India Press, Simla, 1924, ~ vol. 3 p. 756 Tang-e Shelehzar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 11185755 coordinate: lat 31.430512 long 50.175098 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Shelehzar , تنگ شله زار , VARIANT names: Tang-e Shelehzar , Tang-e Talkh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10948893 coordinate: lat 27.177386 long 54.745159 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Tahu , Tang-e Talkh , تنگ تلخ , تنگ تهو , VARIANT names: Tang-e Talkh , Tang-e Tavakkoli : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3766909 coordinate: lat 27.683862 long 52.578208 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Tavakkoli , Tavakkol , تنگ توکلی , توکل , VARIANT names: Tang-e Tavakkoli , Tang-e tavakkoli , Tawakali , ※ SOURCE for Tang-e tavakkoli Tang-e tavakkoli online reference link [accessed 04 Feb 2025] ※ SOURCE for Tawakali « Tebekali (called Tawakali by Stein 1937: 216) is located one kilometre beyond Tang-i Bidu. It » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 87 « At last, after having followed the gorge for close on 4 miles, we emerged on more open ground and from a low ridge, overlooking the date grove of Tawakali and bearing much-decayed remains of roughly built dwellings, gained our first sight of the wide Galehdār valley. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 216 Tang-e Zanjiran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: GRGE UFI: -3088982 coordinate: lat 29.0742 long 52.6483 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Zanjiran , Tang-e Zanjiran , تنگ زنجیران , VARIANT names: Tang-e Zanjiran , ※ SOURCE for Tang-e Zanjiran « Tang-e Zanjiran » in {map#1180 Abb. 5 Kartenausschnitt der Provinzen Bushehr und Fars, , , #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~} Tang-e Zard : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086920 coordinate: lat 28.9114 long 51.4763 NIMA/GNS names: Tang Zard , Tang Zard-e Pa'in , Tang-e Zard , Tang-i-Za`d , تنگ زرد , تنگ زرد پائین , VARIANT names: Tang-e Zard , Tangeh-ye Dowrahak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: GRGE UFI: 10054222 coordinate: lat 27.975 long 51.9673 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh-ye Tang-e Dowrahak , Tangeh-ye Dowrahak , تنگه دوراهک , دره تنگ دوراهک , VARIANT names: Tangeh-ye Dowrahak , Tenghi-Darek , ※ SOURCE for Tenghi-Darek « Tenghi-Darek » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 492 « Tenghi Darek, asiat. Ort, Persien, Ku= stenland (Germsir), nordöstl. von Dehir. [Tenghi Darek, Asian place, Persia, coastal region (Germsir), northeast of Dehir.] » #3459 Das große Conversations-Lexicon für die gebildeten Stände .... Abtheilung 2: O bis Z ; Bd. 11, T - Toskana ·Volume 2, Issue 11, 1851 ~ p. 371 Tangeh-ye Ganareh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 10101153 coordinate: lat 34.219396 long 46.237583 NIMA/GNS names: Tangeh-ye Ganareh , تنگه گناره , VARIANT names: Tangeh-ye Ganareh , Tangeh-ye Leylam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: 11456886 coordinate: lat 33.000741 long 47.890852 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Leylam , Tangeh-ye Leylam , تنگ لیلم , تنگه لیلم , VARIANT names: Tangeh-ye Leylam , Tang-e-Ram : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3090513 coordinate: lat 29.152197 long 51.525805 NIMA/GNS names: Tang Eram , Tang-e Eram , Tang-e-Ram , Tang-i-Ram , تنگ ارم , VARIANT names: Tang-e-Ram , ※ SOURCE for Tang-e-Ram 3079 abb5 Tang-e-Zagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.95281 long 56.035256 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tang-e-Zagh , Tang-i Zag , ※ SOURCE for Tang-e-Zagh « Tang-e-Zagh » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Bandar_Abbas G-40C 1942} « the end of the plain the road made a short, sharp descent into the dry bed of a river, and then upon mounting the other side, immediately entered the Tang-i-Zágh; this is a difficult place, the windings of the defile are very considerable, the hills on each side are often nearly perpendicular, exhibiting at times most wonderful colouring and queer shapes, the like of which I have never seen in this country. Nature has used her paint box with a liberal hand, and formed such a picture as would delight an artist's eye. "Hills upon hills and alps on alps arise;" their sides of deepest purple streaked with, or fading away into, tinges of the most delicate violet or mauve, some with sides of rose, with deep bold splashes of black or bluish green, others of a tawny, yellow striped with a bronze brown, such as would bring joy to the heart of an æsthetic he here would have a chance of living up to, but I doubt his capability of climbing them, if he was not limp before doing so, he certainly would be after. It is not one individual hill by itself that is so extraordinary, but the way they are grouped, and the contrasts of colour which make up this wonderful picture, unequalled by anything that I have seen either in Persia or the Caucasus. After getting through the defiles the road bent to the south-west and gradually ascended » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 19 ※ SOURCE for Tang-i Zag « mummy a kind of bitumen used as medicine for wounds and fractures; mümiya' was exported to all countries, and its mining was then, as now, a government monopoly. 68 The same substance was used A border town of Färs was Tarum, now Tarun; the road from there to Hurmuz led, most probably, through the mountain gorge Tang-i Zag, famous, according to Tumanskii, throughout the whole south of Persia. (69) fn. 69 Ot Kaspriskogo moria, p. 96. » #975 Barthold, W, An Historical Geography of Iran … translated By Svat Soucek, Edited with an Introduction By C.E. Bosworth, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, ~ p. 161 Tang-I Hulaigan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.42741 long 52.34387 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tang-I Hulaigan , ※ SOURCE for Tang-I Hulaigan « Tang-I Hulaigan » in {map#1180 in #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ fig. Abb. 16 Karawanenweg von Shiraz - Firuzabad (Gur) - Bandar-e Taheri (Siraf)} Tang-i- Mardan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: GRGE UFI: -3195774 coordinate: lat 28.266667 long 57.116667 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Mardan , Tang-i-Mardan , VARIANT names: Tang-i- Mardan , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i- Mardan « About an hour and a half's drive east from Tepe Yahya, between Soghun and Boluk villages, is the Tang-i Mordan gorge which Sir Percy Sykes noted as a major pass, probably that used by Alexander the Great. » #888 Matheson, S., Persia. An Archaeological Guide, Faber and Faber Limited, 1979, ~ p. 270 Tang-i-Allah Akbar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.707931 long 52.565646 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tang-i-Allah Akbar , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Allah Akbar « From Bajgah there is a steep, stony ascent, difficult for wheels for half a mile, beyond which the road descends gradually to 17 miles, and enters the pass known as the Tang-i-Allah Akbar. By this it descends gradually through gently sloping hills. The latter, where the pass opens into the valley at 18 miles, rise into high crags on each side of the road, through which there is a magnificent view of the city and valley. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 191 Tang-i-bedu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.672071 long 52.5535 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tang-i-bedu , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-bedu « Then a very steep track led down over step-like layers of limestone into the narrow winding gorge of Tang-i-bēdü. Large stone blocks placed to form a kind of parapet along parts of the narrow track marked its use as an old caravan route. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937, ~ p. 216 Tang-i-Dalan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.346625 long 55.086458 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tang-i-Dalan , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Dalan « At its most westerly extremity stands the serai of Pas Par Dalan,The Tang-i-Dalan, which is now entered, is a narrow gorge through which the Hajamal river flows: on either side cliffs rise to a height of about 200 feet very steeply, whilst the river-bed occupies almost the whole of the bottom of the gorge. This formation continues for about 2 miles, until Sartang is reached, a picturesque little serai, with a date grove near by, standing at the foot of Kuh-i-Hormuz, which rears its bare head 1500 feet above the plain. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 156 Tang-i-Kaf : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.813717 long 50.056513 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tang-i-Kaf , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Kaf « KALEH MADRASEH-LAT.LONG.ELEV.Ruins 4 miles north-west of the Gudar-i-Balūtak bridge on the Isfahan-Shishtar road. It lies at the entrance of a gorge going in the direction of the river. This is called Tang-i-Kaf and contained in June a considerble stream which, where crossed mile below Kaleh Madraseh, was several yards broad and 1 foot deep. The ruined caravanserai at Kaleh Madraseh is one of those spoken of by 'Ibn Batuta, as built by the Fazlavieh Atābegs of Great Laristan. (Schindler-Report of a Journey through the Bakhtiari Country to Shushtar-Lorimer, 1908.) » #2978 Report No.67 of 1863 detailing the tribes, trades and resources of the Gulf Littoral [?1v] (2/58), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F126/48, ff 1-29, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ vol. 3 pt. 1 pp. 492-3 Tang-i-Karam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3090506 coordinate: lat 29.111267 long 53.647855 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Karam , Tang-i-Karam , تنگ کرم , VARIANT names: Karam , Karim , Kurm , Tang-i-Karam , Tenghi-khierem , ※ SOURCE for Karam « 4 KARAM .. 12 m. General direction W. N. By Route No. 44 to an old serai at 8¼ miles. Road to Shiraz branches off. Track continues good. Face of country undulating and uncultivated. Stream of water still on right side of the road. At 10 miles cross stream and taking N.-E. direction arrive at village of Karam, a medium sized village, surrounded by fruit gardens, and with some fine trees about it. The small village of Shahistan is situated about 1½ miles due west. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 134 « The geographical position of the site, together with the name Majj, makes it appear highly probable that here must be located the town of Mass. Istakhri and Muqaddasi mention it immediately after Kurm, corresponding to the present Karam, a considerable village north of Fasa and some 18 miles to the west of Shahr-i-Majj, and before Tamistān, corresponding, as we have seen, to the present Gilian. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 161 ※ SOURCE for Karim « At 10 miles cross stream, and taking north-east direction arrive at village of Karim, a medium sized village, perfectly surrounded by fruit gardens, and with some fine trees about it. Good supplies of cattle, sheep, goats and firewood and good camping-ground. Water-supply excellent. Grazing and grain supplies. The small village of shahistan is situated about 1½ miles due west. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 124 ※ SOURCE for Kurm « The geographical position of the site, together with the name Majj, makes it appear highly probable that here must be located the town of Mass. Istakhri and Muqaddasi mention it immediately after Kurm, corresponding to the present Karam, a considerable village north of Fasa and some 18 miles to the west of Shahr-i-Majj, and before Tamistān, corresponding, as we have seen, to the present Gilian. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 161 « Kurm VI C4 Tang-1-Karam ou Nord de Fasā Iran Cité de la circonscription de Darābagird sur la route de Širāz à Fasā I 107, 132, Η 267, 284, Hur 46, 52, F 203, Muq 52, 422, 455 Yaq II, 560, LS 291, Schw 101, 193 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 53 ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Karam « Tang-i-Karam » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Arsinjan_H-39R_1948} ※ SOURCE for Tenghi-khierem « Nous traversons un petit torrent formé par la réunion de divers ruisseaux qui tombent des montagnes à gauche . De ce même côté est un village inhabité . Nous atteignons à cinq heures et demie Tenghi-khierem , village entouré de murs et planté d'arbres fruìtiers et de cyprès . [We cross a small torrent formed by the union of various streams which fall from the mountains on the left. On this same side is an uninhabited village. At half past five we reached Tenghi-khierem, a village surrounded by walls and planted with fruit trees and cypresses.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 344 Tang-i-Kil : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.770352 long 52.500574 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tang-i-Kil , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Kil « At 7 furlongs the road traverses, for half a mile, a fairly level plateau between low hills. The rate then becomes 1 mile 6 furlongs per hour, and entering a rough and difficult pass, called "Tang-i Kil," we descend for half a mile, and finally, ascending by a short but steep and rocky path, we enter upon a broad and generally smooth and grassy valley, dotted with kanar bush and small shrubs, and sloping gently to north-east. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 14 Tang-i-Lamby : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.015906 long 55.880728 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tang-i-Lamby , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Lamby « February 19th.- Left at 6-30 A.M. The road for the first 2 miles was somewhat up hill, slightly stony. It then entered the Tang-i-Lamby, winding about for some 20 minutes among low hills, and then came out on a small plain about 6 miles long by 4 wide. The Tang in no place was difficult-going, in some places it was a bit stony, but otherwise the road was good. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 19 Tang-i-Majj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3073601 coordinate: lat 28.971754 long 53.858989 NIMA/GNS names: Majd , Rudkhaneh-ye Tang-e Maj , Tang-e Maj , Tang-e Majd , Tang-i-Majj , رودخانه تنگ مج , VARIANT names: Tang-i-Majj , Tang-i-Nao : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS independent coordinate: lat 27.672678 long 54.557963 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Tang-i-Nao, sometimes Tanginao, appers to be a general descriptive name for the area. VARIANT names: Tanginao , Tang-i-Nao , ※ SOURCE for Tanginao « At 11 miles 2 furlongs the valley has become almost a defile, which is called Tanginao. Within the next 3 furlongs we twice cross the dry stony bed of a water-course about 20 yards broad, flow generally eastward. At 11miles 7 furlongs, the defile, about 200 yards broad, is bordered by low hills on either side. Advancing another 5 furlongs. we again cross the dry bed of the water-course previously passed. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 26 ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Nao « a blade of grass, nor, indeed, any vegetation whatever, can be seen. At the west end of the valley, the road adopts the more northerly fork of the valley, and, leaving Aliabad, some 1 miles to the north of the ascends gently over the usual stony wastes to the so-called Tang-i-Nao, an inconspicuous ridge, which divides the Lar and the Aliabad valley, and incidentally is the dividing- line between the basin of the Shor river and that of the river which drains the Lar plain. » #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.), 31:2:152-69 ~ p. 158 « The Lar valley is entered by a narrow gorge, which is nearly12 miles from Lar, and is known as the Tang-i-nao. » #3117 A H Gleadowe-Newcomen, Report on the British Indian Commercial Mission to South-Eastern Persia during 1904-1905, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/17, in Qatar Digital Library, Calcutta, 1906 ~ p. 138 «073 (km) Tang-i Nao (Wilson) » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 46 Tang-i-Pazanan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS UFI: -3196265 coordinate: lat 27.983333 long 52.483333 NIMA/GNS names: Tang-e Pazanan , Tang-i-Pazanan , VARIANT names: Tang-i-Pazanan , Tang-Pazanoun , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Pazanan « Leaving Dar-ui-Mizan follow the slopes of Küh-i-Pazanān W.-N.-W. past Chah Pahan date grove (1 mile) to 2 miles, when the track turns N.-W. straight up the hill, rising to about 1,200' at summit, reached at 5 miles. Track very steep, and loaded mules cannot manage ledge near top, and must be unloaded. Track then turns N.-W. for a short distance and then drops down Tang-i-Pāzanān by stony and difficult track. At 8 miles the path turns N. through a narrow gorge. Just opposite its mouth is a pool of water in a rocky ledge at foot of waterfall » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 163 ※ SOURCE for Tang-Pazanoun « Tang-Pazanoun » in {map#1217 in #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ fig. 14. Carte. Trajet de Bord-Khoun à Dar ol-Mizan.} « A Tang-Pazanoun, la partie terminale de la fissure, on me montre l'endroit où une caravane a été pillée il y a quelques jours, d'après ce qu'on me dit. [At Tang-Pazanoun, the end part of the fissure, I am shown the place where a caravan was looted a few days ago, according to what I am told.] » #3059 K Lindberg, Voyage dans le Sud de l'Iran : carnet de route d'un me´dicin, a` la poursuite du ver de Me´dine., C.W.K. Gleerup, Lund, 1955 ~ p. 125 Tang-i-Rudbar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.739087 long 52.654589 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tang-i-Rudbar , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Rudbar « The initial march from Firūzābād took us first over an open saddle to the SE. Then after about 6 miles it passed into a narrow winding cañon flanked by wall-like cliffs rising some 400 ft. or more above its gloomy depth. It was interesting to find here an old legend localized which is related by Istakhri in connexion with Ardashir's foundation of Gür. The site was believed to have been originally a lake, and Ardashir, after defeating his enemies near it, had the water drained off by channels and, in accordance with a vow taken before his victory, built the town there and erected a fire-temple. An elaborate story, how the king's great drainage opera- tions were effected by a wonderful cutting through a mountain, is told at length in Ibn-al-Balkhi's Färs-nameh. This legendary great cutting of King Ardashir is now connected by popular belief with the deep cañon known as Tang-i-Rudbār, from the small village picturesquely situated about a mile above the point where it debouches into the valley of the Firūzābād stream. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 130 Tang-i-Zangu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.701319 long 53.042634 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tang-i-Zangu , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Zangu « At 5 miles 3 furlongs the road enters the pass Tang-i-Zangu. On the west side a deep and broad ravine, and on the east low hills border the road. The latter, sending out spurs to the S. E., form a series of very narrow parallel valleys. The ravine, as also an artificial conduit of good fresh water, continues to ran, for three furlongs, on the west side of the road, which up to this point is good and fairly broad; for the rest of the pass, however, it is a mere track, at times scarcely traceable. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 97 Tangù : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.940894 long 54.590329 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: possible location of Karvanſerà di Tangù. 2 covered cisterns, diameter 12m and 14m, and one open cistern, diameter 9m. also rectangular cisterns VARIANT names: Barkahdin , Barkamdin , Chiaburchia , Deen C. , Din , Tangù , ※ SOURCE for Barkahdin « Barkahdin » #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 343 ※ SOURCE for Barkamdin « Barkamdin » #3461 India. Quarter Master General's Department. Intelligence Branch, Routes in Persia, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1887 ~ p. 327 ※ SOURCE for Chiaburchia « Usually I would go ahead of the others with my chapar and then stop to wait for them at some cistern. This was quite a relief for me, for in this way I could take rests several times a day. That time I stopped at a place called Chahar Cheshmah, which means "four fountains. (6) There were, in fact, four cisterns of rather fresh water there. fn. 6 Bembo's "Chiaburchia." » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 291 ※ SOURCE for Deen C. « The one, 5-421. Foad enters a winding nullah between high perpendicular banks. Then over a bit of At 11 miles cross a stream, water salty, a little grass and other vegetation about. Then ascend gently towards a caravanserai, which is passed at 11 miles, then over a gently rising open piece of ground. At 11 miles commence a descent, and cross a deep nullah, then over broken ground amongst water-courses until 12 miles, when the road ascends steeply out of it. At 13 miles arrive at the caravanserai of Deen. Time, 6 hours. At 6 P.M. temperature 59°. Road impassable to field guns. The caravanserai is situated on open ground sufficient to encamp two regiments infantry. Water is obtained from a bourkah, and from some pools in the ravine below. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ pp. 4-5 ※ SOURCE for Din in google maps کافه دین ※ SOURCE for Tangù « Per peſſime valli, e monti camminammo il Martedì 12. e dopo venti miglia fatte in 9. ore, reſtammo in campagna, mezzo miglio lontano dal Karvanſerà di Tangù, ſapendo che ivi le ciſterne erano vuote d'acqua. Auriamo potuto reſtare a mezza ſtrada nel Karvanſerà di Hodun. din, dove era acqua ; però non avriamo fatta una giornata giuſta, e noi non avevamo tanto tempo da perdere. Non fu punto migliore la ſtrada del [We walked through many valleys and mountains on Tuesday the 12th and after twenty miles covered in 9 hours, we remained in the countryside, half a mile away from the Karvanſerà of Tangù, knowing that the cisterns there were empty of water. We hope we were able to stay half way in Hodun's Karvanſera. din, where there was water ; but we didn't have a good day, and we didn't have much time to waste. The road was no better] » #3239 Giovanni Francesco Gemelli Careri, Giro del mondo, del dottor D. Gio. Francesco Gemelli Careri.., stamp. di G. Roselli, Napoli, 1699 ~ pt. 2 p. 276 Tangun C. : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.679199 long 54.491145 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: about 10x10m with plan similar to the Pavillon-Karavanserail style in the area.could be Kleiss Pavillon-Karavanserail östlich von Lar (Abb. 5; 253) 178 but discounted because of "Next to the pavilion caravanserai are two round dome cisterns with a diameter of 7.70 m and 6 m and a height of 5.10 m and 4 m respectively (Fig. 254)." with only one cistern to the north of the caravanserai. #3079 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 6:Teil 4: ~ pp. 136-8 VARIANT names: Tangun C. , Tangun S. , Tenghenow , ※ SOURCE for Tangun C. « . The so-called Tang-i-Nüh is now entered; it is in reality the narrowest portion of the valley, which is intersected by ravines at this point, but otherwise scarcely deserves its name. The road now crosses the watershed, and enters the plain of Lar. The road as far as Tangun is stony, but afterwards devoid of stones. At 11 miles the ruined caravansarai of Tangun is passed; water from one cistern; grazing good; fuel scanty; supplies nil. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 171 ※ SOURCE for Tangun S. « Tangun Sarai (in ruins)» in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} ※ SOURCE for Tenghenow « De l'autre côté on aperçoit les ruines du village de Tenghenow. Après avoir passé sur un pont de terre une cau salée qui coule de gauche à droite, nous marchons le long d'un canal souterrain. Deux cents toises au-delà est un cara- vansérail en très-bon état, près duquel sont un puits et une citerne. [On the other side we see the ruins of the village of Tenghenow. After crossing a land bridge over a salty stream which flows from left to right, we walk along an underground canal. Two hundred fathoms beyond is a caravanserai in very good condition, near which are a well and a cistern.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 432 Tanuf : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -789102 coordinate: lat 23.051133 long 57.46398 NIMA/GNS names: Tanuf , Tanuf , تنوف , VARIANT names: Tanuf , tapeh bastani afrineh : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.182934 long 48.116221 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Ancient Hill of Afrin تپه باستانی افرینه VARIANT names: tapeh bastani afrineh , Tappeh Chia Godam : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3794127 coordinate: lat 33.566667 long 47.55 NIMA/GNS names: Tappeh Chia Godam , تپه چيا گدم , VARIANT names: Tappeh Chia Godam , Tappeh-ye Mil : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 35.507557 long 51.501037 NIMA/GNS names: Tappeh-ye Mil , تپه ميل , VARIANT names: Tappeh-ye Mil , ※ SOURCE for Tappeh-ye Mil « Tappe Mil (Persian: تپه میل or the Fire Temple of Rey Persian: آتشکده ری, Fire Temple of Bahram Persian: آتشکده بهرام) is one of the historical religious places in Rey, Iran which has stood since the Sasanian Empire. » Tappe Mil online reference link [accessed 15 Jul 2025] Tappeh-ye Qal`eh Sangi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: 10442218 coordinate: lat 29.3668 long 55.7636 NIMA/GNS names: Tappeh-ye Qal`eh Sangi , تپه قلعه سنگی , VARIANT names: Kaleh Sang , Tappeh-ye Qal`eh Sangi , ※ SOURCE for Kaleh Sang « We then turned off the road in a direction 290° to visit the rock and ruins of Kaleh Sang, which we reached in half an hour. The rock is of considerable size and height, rising from the plain, and is of crystallized limestone. It is encircled by a low wall, with towers at a distance, varying in breadth, and probably not exceeding 100 paces; and on the eastern side a second wall is carried out to a distance of 170 paces from the inner one. The spaces between both walls and the rock are occupied by the ruins of houses of unburnt brick, but nothing remains standing excepting some defences which crown the highest part of the rock, partly of burnt, partly of sun-dried brick. I We then turned off the road in a direction 290° to visit the rock and ruins of Kaleh Sang, which we reached in half an hour. The rock is of considerable size and height, rising from the plain, and is of crystallized limestone. It is encircled by a low wall, with towers at a distance, varying in breadth, and probably not exceed- ing 100 paces; and on the eastern side a second wall is carried out to a distance of 170 paces from the inner one. The spaces between both walls and the rock are occupied by the ruins of houses of unburnt brick, but nothing remains standing excepting some defences which crown the highest part of the rock, partly of burnt, partly of sun-dried brick. I could learn nothing regarding the history of this place, excepting that its origin is attributed to Feruz Shah, one of the Sassanian monarchs; no one knew when or how it was destroyed; it must have been an inconsiderable place. A fragment of the rock, sculptured and formed into a pulpit with steps, is found on the northern side. could learn nothing regarding the history of this place, excepting that its origin is attributed to Feruz Shah, one of the Sassanian monarchs; no one knew when or how it was destroyed; it must have been an inconsiderable place. A fragment of the rock, sculptured and formed into apulpit with steps, is found on the northern side. » #3106 Keith Edward Abbott, Geographical Notes, Taken during a Journey in Persia in 1849 and 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, 1855 ~ p. 64 Tappeh-ye Sush : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 10080424 coordinate: lat 32.191939 long 48.249012 NIMA/GNS names: Tappeh-ye Bastani-ye Akrowpol , Tappeh-ye Sush , تپه باستانی اکروپل , تپه شوش , VARIANT names: Chuchder , Erin-khwarra-Shäpür , Seleucia-by-the-Eulaios , Shush , Souster , Susa , Tappeh-ye Sush , ※ SOURCE for Chuchder « to the south, Lourestan, (the moun-tainous country), principal cities, Chuchder, [Suza] and Hafizé; Farsistan, capital of Chiraz; Laristan and Denderat, or the country of ports, on the Persian Gulf, known also by the name of Dechtistan, the principal cities and ports being Lar, Bender Abassi, Bender bou Cheher, Bender Kongo, Bender Rik. Kerman, the ca-pital Kerman. » #3460 J. M. Tancoigne, A Narrative of a Journey Into Persia and Residence at Teheran Containing a Descriptive Itinerary from Constantinople to the Persian Capital, W. Wright, London, 1820 ~ p. 148 ※ SOURCE for Erin-khwarra-Shäpür see source « Shush » ※ SOURCE for Seleucia-by-the-Eulaios « That Greek Eulaios and Latin Eulaeus represent the same name is also clear. The epigraphic evidence from Susa, of Seleucid and Parthian date, which calls Susa Seleucia-by-the-Eulaios, leaves us in no doubt about the longevity of the hydronym Ulā. » #2980 Daniel T. Potts, Elamite Ulā, Akkadian Ulaya, and Greek Choaspes: A Solution to the Eulaios Problem, Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 1999 vol. 13:pp. 27-44 ~ p.35 ※ SOURCE for Shush « It is at a distance of fifteen miles in a south-west direction from Dizful that the prodigious mounds of Shush, or Susa, stand up little river Shaur (originally Shapur), which rises at no great distance to the north and flows in a deep, narrow bed below the Tomb of Daniel, and between the larger rivers Ab-i-Diz (Eulæus), six and a half miles distant on the east, and the Kerkhah (Choaspes) one and a half mile distant on the west. The latter river divided the populous quarter of the ancient city from the citadel and palace. the entire circumference of the mounds is from six to seven miles. » #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892 ~ vol. 2 p. 309 « The ancient capital of Shush (Susa), by its connections with Mesopotamia, Mesene (hence with the Gulf trade), and Färs, remained an important economic centre into the Sasanian period. It contained a mint and became the seat of a diocese by 410. Shäpür II, who refounded the city as Erin-khwarra-Shäpür ("Shäpür's Fortune of Iran"), settled many of his Roman captives in the area. Their labour was used there on such projects as the Pay-i Pul over the Karkha (Eulaeus). Others were settled at the major city upstream from Shush, Karkhä dhe Lädhan (Erinshahr-Shipür), which was likewise a bishopric, and perhaps also at the mint-city Nahr Tirag (Nahr Tire). One day's journey to the east lay the provincial capital, Khüzistan-wäzär (Süq al-Ahwaz), at the head of navigation on the Kärün (Pasitigris) river. A bishop was already installed in this market town when Ardashir I renamed it Hormizd-Ardashir. The city was linked with Shush via the Shaur canal (the Choaspes?); and its bridge carried a southern road toward the major city in the east of the province, Rämhurmuz (Räm-Ohrmazd-Ardashir "Ardashir's Peace of Ohrmazd"). This early Sasanian foundation was likewise a mint and, by 410, centre of a diocese. » #843 Gershevitch, Ilya (ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1985 ~ vol. 3(2) p. 753 ※ SOURCE for Souster « The Province of CH?SISTAN, answers to the Ancient Susiana, the Soyl is so fruitful, that it often yields 100 or 200 for one. Its Cities are Souster, Ardgan, Hawecz, Asker-Moukeran, and others. 1. Souster is the Ancient Susa. » #2656 Sanson, Nicolas, Blome, Richard, Varenius, Bernhardus, Cosmography and geography in two parts, the first, containing the general and absolute part of cosmography and geography, being a translation from that eminent and much esteemed geographer Varenius ……, Printed by S. Roycroft, and are to be sold by William Abington at the Three Silk-worms in Ludgate-street, London, 1682, ~ p. 256 ※ SOURCE for Susa « Susa, (Iran) 32° 12' N 48° 20' E » #429 Roaf, Michael, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1996, pp. 53 ff, 232 Taqah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -789105 coordinate: lat 17.048258 long 54.390627 NIMA/GNS names: At Taqa , Taga , Takah , Taqa , Taqah , Thaka , VARIANT names: Taqah , ※ SOURCE for Taqah « The initiative in the rising was taken by the Al Kathir of the hills; but they were soon joined by the entire population; except the Shanafir Kathiris of Hafah under 'Awadhbin-'Azzan and the Qaras of Taqah and Murbat; who were both as a rule supporters of the Sultan; but upon this occasion assumed a neutral attitude. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 1 pt. 1 p. 597 Taq-e Bostan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 10117320 coordinate: lat 34.387568 long 47.131282 NIMA/GNS names: Taq-e Bostan , طاق بستان , VARIANT names: Taq-e Bostan , ※ SOURCE for Taq-e Bostan « Je m'écartai de la compagnie pen-dant la route, pour aller voir à Taki-Bostan (1) un ancien monument dont les Perſans m'avoient beaucoup par-lé; je croyois ſur leur rapport, qu'il méritoit la curioſité d'un Voyageur, et je trouvai au bas d'une haute mon-tagne, qui eft à l'extrémité occidentale de Biſutoun, deux niches l'une à côté de l'autre, taillées dans le roc affez profondément, l'une de 20 pieds, l'autre d'environ 10 pieds de haut. fn. 1Tak veut dire une voûte ou un ouvrage fait en guiſe d'arc, et Boltan un jardin. [I departed from the company during the road, to go to Taki-Bostan (1) to see an ancient monument of which the Persians had spoken to me a lot; I believed on their report, that it deserved the curiosity of a Traveler, and I found at the foot of a high mountain, which is at the western extremity of Biſutoun, two niches one beside the other, cut in the rock quite deeply, one of 20 feet, the other of about 10 feet high. fn. 1 Tak means a vault or a work made in the guise of an arch, and Boltan a garden.] » #2562 Jean Otter, Voyage en Turquie et en Perse, Paris, 1748, ~ vol. 1 pp. 184-5 Taq-e Farhad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: 10101172 coordinate: lat 34.428173 long 46.021188 NIMA/GNS names: Taq-e Farhad , طاق فرهاد , VARIANT names: Taq-e Farhad , Taq-e Gara : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 34.432131 long 46.017464 VARIANT names: ancient marble monument , Taq-e Gara , Taq-i Girra , ※ SOURCE for ancient marble monument « A trois heures du matin, nous voyons un ancien monument en marbre, cons-truit en forme d'arceau, de la hauteur de dix mètres environ. Il ne porte ni figure ni ins-cription qui puisse désigner l'époque à la-quelle il fut construit. Je pense que c'est le lieu que les Grecs et les Romains nommaient Zagri-Pilæ, et que nous appellons la porte médienne. [At three o'clock in the morning, we saw an ancient marble monument, built in the form of an arch, about ten meters high. It bears no figure or inscription that could designate the time at which it was built. I think it is the place that the Greeks and Romans called Zagri-Pilæ, and that we call the Median Gate.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 229 ※ SOURCE for Taq-e Gara Deutsches Archäologisches Institut online reference link [accessed 04 Feb 2025] ※ SOURCE for Taq-i Girra « Abschließend komme ich zu dem Ergebnis, daß m.E. die Berichte der arabischen Geographen ziemlich klar auf eine Lage von Mādharūstān unmittelbar an der großen Straße Baghdad-Khurasan hinweisen, und zwar nach dem Taq-i Girrā; wo allerdings genau, ist aufgrund der schwierigen Parasangenberechnung nicht mehr einwandfrei festzustellen. Eine Identifizierung von Mädharūstān mit den heutigen Ruinen von Qal'a-i Yazdigird dagegen halte ich nicht für möglich. [In conclusion, I come to the conclusion that, in my opinion, the reports of the Arab geographers point quite clearly to the location of Mādharūstān directly on the great road Baghdad-Khurasan, namely after the Taq-i Girrā; however, where exactly cannot be determined with certainty due to the difficulty of calculating the parasangs. On the other hand, I do not think it possible to identify Mādharūstān with the present-day ruins of Qal'a-i Yazdigird.] » #3435 Klaus Schippmann, Hinweise und Anmerkungen zu einigen sasanidischen Monumenten, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1969 vol. 7:pp. 157-162 ~ p. 162 vici.org online reference link [accessed 04 Feb 2025] Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire online reference link [accessed 04 Feb 2025] Taqiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087027 coordinate: lat 31.841717 long 54.358336 NIMA/GNS names: Taqiabad , تقی آباد , VARIANT names: Taqiabad , Turkabat , ※ SOURCE for Turkabat « Den 1. Augusti besuchte ich den Priester Deftergio-Augu-mas, welchen die Persier den Mulak der Geberer nennen, ſtus. Ich erlangete von ihnen ihr ABC. und erfuhr/daß im nahangelegenem Dorffe Turkabat, ein Buch mit noch andern Buchstaben verhanden sey. [On August 1st, I visited the priest Deftergio-Augu-mas, whom the Persians call the Mulak of the Geberers. I obtained their ABC from them and learned that in the nearby village of Turkabat, there was a book with other letters.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 63 Taqikhani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 11333092 coordinate: lat 27.278804 long 55.387577 NIMA/GNS names: Taqikhani , تقی خانی , VARIANT names: Kinbazirkan , Taki Khani , Taqikhani , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Taqikhani FOR Kinbazirkan [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Kinbazirkan « (32) Kinbazirkan [? sic)-6 farsakhs. » #1570 A Chronicle of the Carmelites in Persia, and the Papal Mission of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries, Eyre and Spottiswoode, 1939, 2 vol. ~ vol. 1 p. 219 [#1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 79 and p. 85 notes suggests Gur-i Basargan] [there is insufficient information available to decide its current location apart from distance which has been used in this case. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Taki Khani « A glacis-like slope from the level of the valley now touches the road on the north side. At 3 miles 2 furlongs we twice cross the stony bed, containing water in pools of the stream Shivirawun, that had been running down the ravine, immediately to south of the track. Within another 200 yards the road passes the caravanserai and cistern of Taki Khani, both of which are in good repair, and the latter full of sweet water. On the south bank of the stream Shivirawun is a second cistern containing, by native report, good water. … At Taki Khani the ravine has steep cliff-like sides, and is from 200 to 250 yards broad, » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 32 ※ SOURCE for Taqikhani « از شبوروان حرکت کرده به برکه نو روند سه فرسخ مسافت است. در عرض راه بدو بركه و يك كاروانسرا رسند که به کاروانسرای تقی خانی موسوم است. در بركه نو يك بركه و يك كاروانسرا هست و آبادی نیست شیوه روان گمان میکنم تحریف چشمه روان است. جيحون [From Shaburvan to the new pond, the process is three parasakhs. Along the way, they reach a pond and a caravanserai called Taqikhani Caravanserai. There is a pond and a caravanserai in the new pond and there is no settlement, I think it is a distortion of the flowing spring.]» #3228 Sadid al-Saltaneh, Mohammad'Ali Khan, Safarnameh-ye Sadid al-Saltaneh, Bihnashr, Tehran, 1883 ~ p. 580 Tarhan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: AREA UFI: -3087098 coordinate: lat 33.416 long 47.3294 NIMA/GNS names: Tarhan , Tarhan , طرهان , VARIANT names: Tarhan , Tarimara : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.429887 long 47.881467 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: possible location VARIANT names: Tarimara , Tarkabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087669 coordinate: lat 32.341409 long 53.968342 NIMA/GNS names: Tarkabad , Torkabad , Turkabad , ترك آباد , VARIANT names: Tarkabad , Tarman : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087379 coordinate: lat 27.3781 long 53.0916 NIMA/GNS names: Tarman , Tarman , Terman , Torman , ترمان , VARIANT names: Tarman , ※ SOURCE for Tarman « and Tel Qala Tarman related to the early to late Islamic centuries. located in the center of Terman village under registration number 32632 » at online reference link Tarom : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087121 coordinate: lat 28.1507 long 55.7464 NIMA/GNS names: Tarom , Tarum , طارم , VARIANT names: Tarim ou Tarum , Tarom , Taroun , Taroûn , Tarum , Taurom , ※ SOURCE for Tarim ou Tarum « Tarim ou Tarum V1 D4 Id Iran Cité de la nahiya (territoire) de Hasü I 109, 132, 135, 136, 153, Η 262, 268, 299, 305 Hur 46, Muq 423, 429, 442, 454, 456 Yaq 1, 812, LS 292, Schw 107 » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ ※ SOURCE for Tarom « This route passed Tarom, Forgh, Rustak, Darab, Darakan, Fasa, Sarvestan and then Shiraz, and from there onwards to Isfahan. This was the normal trade route prior the reign of Shah `Abbas I (1587-1629) . » #3002 Willem Floor, Persian Gulf: Links with the Hinterland, Bushehr, Borazjan, Kazerun, Banu Ka`b and Bandar Abbas, Mage Publishers, Washington, 2015 ~ p. 252 and #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 67 ※ SOURCE for Taroun « On cultive dans cet abadeh quelque peu d'orge. Nous y passâmes la nuit, et le 15 au matin nous nous rendîmes à Taroun, qui n'en était éloigné que de trois heures. D'après les éloges des gens du pays et de Chardin, je croyais trouver un pays charmant, où l'on cultivait l'oranger et beaucoup d'arbres à fruits, mais je fus bien détrompé; un pays ruiné, des eaux détestables, et seulement des palmiers; le bazar n'est composé que de deux ou trois mauvaises boutiques. Les montagnes y sont basses et brûlées; je ne sais où les géographes ont trouvé la haute montagne marquée sur les cartes. [Some barley is grown in this abadeh. We spent the night there, and on the morning of the 15th we went to Taroun, which was only three hours away. According to the praises of the locals and of Chardin, I thought I found a charming country, where orange trees and many fruit trees were cultivated, but I was very much deceived; a ruined country, detestable waters, and only palm trees; the bazaar is only made up of two or three bad shops. The mountains there are low and scorched; I don't know where the geographers found the high mountain marked on the maps.] » #3241 Aucher-Eloy, Relations de voyages en Orient de 1830 à 1838. Part 2, 1843 ~ p. 596 ※ SOURCE for Taroûn « Nous séjournâmes le 30 à Taroûn . Le gouverneur nous fit un accueil très - gracieux . Son palais est petit , et bâti sur la porte d'entrée de la ville . [We stayed on the 30th in Taroûn. The governor gave us a very gracious welcome. His palace is small, and built on the entrance gate to the city.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 376 ※ SOURCE for Tarum « Leaving Shiraz this road went by Sarvistan and Fasâ to Dârâbjird, Furg, and Tarum, whence turning due south it struck the coast, in early times at Sûrû, or Shahrû, or, as Mustawfi calls it, Tûsar. » #895 Le Strange, G., The lands of the Eastern Caliphate. Mesopotamia, Persia, and Central Asia from the Moslem conquest to the time of Timur., Cambridge University Press, London, 1905, ~ p. 295 « The Village Tarum, which is the Chief of many Villages, was much decay'd Anno 1630. The Inhabitants thereof are subject to the Prince of Lar. It hath under its Jurisdiction the Village Seid Geuder, beyond which is a large Plain, and at a small distanceruns the Brook Absciur, which signifies Salt Water. » #3302 Ogilby, John, Asia. The first part being an accurate description of Persia, and the several provinces thereof : ..., Printed by the author at his house in White-friers, London, 1673 ~ p. 7 « and thence to Tarum (25), where cattle are fed with dates bought at four altins a batman (26). And from Tarum I journeyed to Lar fn. 25 Kashan, Nain, Sirjan and Tarum, Iranian towns. fn. 26 Batman, a weight varying locally. » #623 Nikitin, Athanasy, Khozhenie za tri moria Afanasiia Nikitina, 1466-1472 gg. (Afansy Nikitin's Voyage beyond the Three Seas, 1466-1472), Moskva, 1960, ~ p. 109 « At 9 miles Tarum. Road rough to half-way, thence level. Tarum is a large village with two forts. About 3 miles E. N. E.is a large village, Gakum, of 1,000 inhabitants. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 59 ※ SOURCE for Taurom « Partiram daly e foram ter a outro lugar grande, o senhor do qual auia nome mergiladim que lhes fez muita honra e os agasalhou e deu de comer e mantimento pera dous dias, será homem de sesenta annos bem disposto, tem tres filhos homeens, e o lugar ha nome taurom, [They left from there and went to another large place, whose lord was called Mergiladim, who did them much honor and gave them shelter and food and provisions for two days, he is a man of sixty years old, well disposed, he has three sons, and the place is called Taurom,] » #2516 Afonso de Albuquerque, ed.Raymundo Antonio de Bulhão Pato, Henrique Lopes de Mendonça, Cartas de Affonso de Albuquerque, seguidas de documentos que as elucidam, Academia Real Das Sciencias de Lisboa, 1884, 1898 ~ vol. 2 p. 236 Tarq : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087126 coordinate: lat 33.353528 long 51.79908 NIMA/GNS names: Tarkh , Tarq , Tarqrud , طرق , طرقرود , VARIANT names: Tarq , ※ SOURCE for Tarq « Soon we wind up into the hills, and after three farsakhs and the summit of our journey, reach Targ. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 292 Tartang : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.53946 long 52.489183 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location unknown but near is Emamzadeh Ebrahim , Shahzadeh-ye Ebrahim , امامزاده ابراهیم , شاهزاده ابراهیم , VARIANT names: Tartang , ※ SOURCE for Tartang « Next day we rode over moft craggy, steep, and terrible high hills, and at night made Tartang our Manzeil; a ſmall Towne, only famous in ahigh Sepulcher, clothd with violet coloured velvet, under which is buried a great Uucle of the Kings. » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ pp. 147-8 « Leaving Asupas, the caravan passed after one-and-a-half farsakhs an unnamed karavansaray (62) and, continuing, passed inter alia over a bridge with seven arches, reaching after another 3 farsakhs Ujan, a poor village.fn. 62 This karavansaray mentioned by Kaempfer may be the same as the halting place in which Herbert, p. 117, stayed, called Tartang, a small town, with a mosque and a remarkable tomb, in which a great-uncle of the Shah was buried. However, in the light of the description, Herbert may have made a mistake, for it seems that he described Ujan, see e.g. Chardin, vol. VIII, pp. 226-7. » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 73 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 26.583333 long 50.083333 VARIANT names: Catifa, ilha de , Ithar , Tarut , Thar , ※ SOURCE for Catifa, ilha de « CATIFA, ilha de-A ilha Tarut, em 26° 34' lat. N. e 50° 05' long. E., fronteira e vizinha da cidade árabe de El Katiff. [Manuel de Faria e Sousa guesa]. Asia Portuguesa » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. A-C p. 204 ※ SOURCE for Ithar « CETTE digression nous a fait parler de Gerra avant d'en avoir cherché la position. D'Anville (1) a cru qu elle étoit située dans le golfe de Katif; cependant Gerra, dans Ptolémée (2), étant au midi de la ville de Thar ou Ithar, connue maintenant sous le nom de Tarut (3), [CETTE digression nous a fait parler de Gerra avant d'en avoir cherché la position. D'Anville (1) a cru qu elle étoit située dans le golfe de Katif; cependant Gerra, dans Ptolémée (2), étant au midi de la ville de Thar ou Ithar, connue maintenant sous le nom de Tarut (3),] fn. 1 D'Anville, Rech. sur le golfe Persiq. pag. 193. fn. 2 Ptolem. Geogr. lib. vi, cap. 7, p. 177 fn. 3 Abulfeda, Descript. Arabia, p. 17, 18. Inter Geogr. minor. græc. tom. III. » #2703 P.-F.-J. Gossellin, Recherches sur la géographie systématique et positive des anciens. Tome 3 / ; pour servir de base à l'histoire de la géographie ancienne., Impr. de la République, 1798-1813 ~ vol3 p101 ※ SOURCE for Tarut Tarut, (Saudi Arabia) 26° 35' N 50° 05' E #429 Roaf, Michael, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1996, pp. 79, 98 « Tarut » #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975 ~ p.84 « Between 1229-1230 and 1244, thanks to the backing "Shaykh of Qays powerful fleet, Abü Bakr ibn Sa'd ibn Zanji, having gained full control over this maritime domain, of Hind managed to extend his sovereignty, both direct and indirect, over the Arabian coast as well: Bahrain, al-Qatif, al-Hasa and the fortresses of Tarût and Lahsa were from the stormed and incorporated. » #2026 Piacentini, Valeria Fiorani, The mercantile empire of theṬibis: economic predominance, political power, military subordination, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 2004 vol. 34:pp. 251-260 ~ p. 254 ※ SOURCE for Thar « ITHAR, Vide THAR, THAR Sáp, Arabia Felicio vide: apud Ptolemaum, ITHAR verò, apud interpretes. » #2204 Ortelius, Abraham, Abrahami Ortelij Antuerpiani Thesaurus geographicus. In quo omnium totius terrae regionum, montium, promontoriorum, collium, ... Multi in hoc opere auctorum veterum loci corrupti, falsi, dubij, et discrepantes, emendantur, arguuntur, enodantur et conciliantur, 1596 ~ Tarut Bay : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: BAY UFI: -3099934 coordinate: lat 26.6280556 long 50.0930556 NIMA/GNS names: Khalij Tarut , Tarut Bay , VARIANT names: Tarut Bay , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Tarut Bay FOR Magorum sinus [Gossellin, Sprenger], Tasbandi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087159 coordinate: lat 34.561149 long 48.79009 NIMA/GNS names: Tasbandi , طاس بندی , VARIANT names: Tasbandi , Tasctek : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.462508 long 56.306945 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tasctek , ※ SOURCE for Tasctek « La domenica seguente, camminate quattro leghe, con esser la strada miglior delle passate, ma pur non affatto buona, nè piana, circa un'ora innanzi giorno, arrivammo ad un luogo, dove pur so- gliono stare rahdari, compagni di quelli che avevamo veduti il giorno avanti: onde noi, consegnata a costoro una carta che ci avevano fatta i lor compagni già trovati, non avemmo da dar loro cosa alcuna. E perchè quel luogo che ha nome Tasctek, non era abitato da altri che dai raidari, nè vi si trovava da provve- derci di niente, e per noi era ancor presto da posare, passammo perciò più innanzi, e camminate da due altre leghe per piano, con veder sempre monti da amendue le bande vicini, [The following Sunday, having walked four leagues, although the road was better than the previous ones, but still not at all good or even, about an hour before daylight we arrived at a place where rahdari, companions of those we had, usually stayed. seen the day before: so we, having given them a paper that their companions who had already found had given us, did not have to give them anything. And because that place called Tasctek was not inhabited by anyone other than raiders, nor was there anything to provide us with, and it was still early for us to settle, we therefore passed further on, and walked two more leagues to slowly, always seeing mountains close by on both sides,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 287 « Left again at 12-13 P.M., following the same plain as in the morn- ing. It is called the Dasht-i-Mohdam. This plain runs parallel to, and at the back of the Ganao hills, which are immediately behind Bandar Abbas. A 12-29 got nearly due south-east, and at 1-5 P.M. level with the village of Ganao, about 5 miles to the right in the hills, with a fine grove of date trees at the foot of the ascent. On the plain and near to the road was an Abambar, with a few date-palm huts, which were inhabited by the Ráhdárís. Went on, and at 2-25 P.M. camped near an Abambar close to the road-side. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 22 Tashan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087164 coordinate: lat 28.041 long 52.1202 NIMA/GNS names: Tashan , Tashshan , تشان , تشان , VARIANT names: Tashan , ※ SOURCE for Tashan « Dashtak, located one farsakh north of Tashan (Riz), is a wide terrace » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 90 Tashku'iyeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087177 coordinate: lat 28.1407 long 55.4471 NIMA/GNS names: Dastgerd , Tashku'iyeh , Taskat , Tasku'iyeh , Tushkuyeh , تسكات , توشكويه , دستگرد , طاسكوئيه , طاشكوئیه , VARIANT names: Tach-Kou , Tascut or Tascuie , Tashku'iyeh , Taskat , ※ SOURCE for Tach-Kou « La vallée s'élargit du N. au S. , et se rétrécit vers l'O. et l'E . Le terrain est stérile et fangeux. A trois heures après midi , nous sommes àTach-Kou, petit hameau composé d'une ving taine de cabanes construites avec des branches de palmiers au pied d'un mont , au sommet duquel est le tombeau d'un imâm . [The valley widens from N. to S., and narrows towards the W. and the . The land is barren and muddy. At three o'clock in the afternoon, we are in Tach-Kou, a small hamlet made up of around twenty huts built with palm branches at the foot of a mountain, at the top of which is the tomb of an imam.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 371 ※ SOURCE for Tascut or Tascuie « Finalmente verso l'ora di compieta si scaricò a riposare in un palmeto, che si trova in un basso a piè di quei monti; ed è di una villa che stava un poco più innanzi, chiamata Tascut o Tascuie. [Finally, around the time of Compline, he went down to rest in a palm grove, which is located in the lowlands at the foot of those mountains; and it belongs to a villa that was a little further on, called Tascut or Tascuie.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 281 ※ SOURCE for Taskat « by some convulsion of nature out of their original positions within a few hours. Another half hour's rough going over and around hills and up and down ravines, we came out on a small level plain. It took just an hour to cross it; we then crossed over the slope at the bottom of some hills; this was cut up in every direction by watercourses, and apparently, by the number of round stones about, at certain times must be swept by floods. Another hour's ride brought us to Taskat, which is a village some 3 miles off the main road. The place is very dilapidated, with no good roads; it has, however, a very fine date grove. Distance 19 miles. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 17 « At 26 miles the village of Taskat is reached which is situated some three miles off the main road. The place is very dilapidated with no good road; it has, however, a very fine date grove. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 494 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 37.783333 long 75.23333 VARIANT names: Tashkurgan , ※ SOURCE for Tashkurgan owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Tashkurgan, 75.23333, 37.783333, CN, nkn, exact, 164, tmcIRa0100_023a » Stein 1st Central Asian Expedition Tashvir : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087182 coordinate: lat 36.788639 long 49.001507 NIMA/GNS names: Tashvir , تشوير , VARIANT names: Tashvir , Tasuj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087189 coordinate: lat 29.2697 long 52.6994 NIMA/GNS names: Tasooj , Tasuch , Tasuj , طسوج , VARIANT names: Tasuj , Tavuneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3055137 coordinate: lat 26.707668 long 54.203937 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar Tahooneh , Bandar-e Ta`uneh , Bandar-e Tahuneh , Ta`uneh , Tahuneh , Tavuneh , بندر تهنه , بندر طاحونه , بندرِ طاعونه , تاوونه , طاحونه , طاعونه , VARIANT names: Saviyah , Sawiya , Tabanah , Tahunah , Tavana , Tavuneh , Tawana , Tawanah , ※ SOURCE for Saviyah « Huzu and Saviyah (2). These, with some other districts, are of the coast-lands that belong to the Island of Qays, being under the rule of the Amir Kaysh. They all lie adjacent to the hot region of the Kirman province. fn. 2 Huzū is probably the modern Chiru, in the Shib Kūh sub-district of Lāristan, lying 10 lengues west of Charuk. In Istakhri (p. 163) the name occurs variously as Sirü, Sürü, or Shahru. Saviyah may be A clerical error, for which we should read Tavanah, the name of a village lying 1 lengue to the westward of Charuk (FNN. 289). » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ p. 330 ※ SOURCE for Sawiya « as the main staple of the Persian-Indian-Chinese trade, the Arab dynasty of Kais rose under the last Buyids in the first half of the vth (x1th) century to unlimited control of the whole Persian Gulf. This Siraf, which was previously often regarded wrongly as a town on the coast near the island of Kais — actually confused with Kais by Ibn Battuta (11. 244, 2) —lay much further to the north; the ruins of this famous commercial centre are near the village of Tahiri (north of Ras Nabend, in 27° 40' N. Lat. and 52° 20' E. Long. Greenwich; cf. Schwarz, op. cit., p. 59 sq. and the article SIRAF). Siraf gradually became more and more deserted under the suzerainty of the princes of Kais, as they diverted the very considerable trade and shipping from the captured Persian seaport to their own island. They also extended their power to several other districts of the mainland opposite the island of Kais. Their predecessors in the occupation of this strip of land had been a South Arabian tribe, the Banu 'Umara; cf. on their territory, the so-called Sif Umara (the Umara-coast), Schwarz, op. cit., p. 77 sq., 76. In the little town of Huzi there, a little dynasty of a family of the Banu 'Umara, of whom coins still survive, ruled before the coming of the ruling house of Kais; cf. v. Bergmann in the Numism. Zeitschr. (Vienna), viii. 38-39 and Tiesenhausen in the Rev. Numism. Belge, 1875, P. 337; Huzu (probably the modern Ciru) and Sawiya (reading uncertain, probably the modern Tawanah), both almost opposite Kais (in the N. W. or N. E. of it), were the most important ports of the island-rulers on the mainland. On Huza and Sawiya see Ibn al-Balkhi, Färsnäma, p. 141; Hamd Allah Mustawfi, Nuchat al-Kulub, text p. 120, transl. p. 118; G. le Strange, The Lands of the Eastern Caliphate, p. 257. A caravan route from Shiraz ended in Huzu, the more important of these two towns; cf. Hamd Allah Mustawfi, p. 185, 16, 186, 7. The same author (p. 171, 15, 184, 5, 186, 11 sq.) also gives the routes and distances from Kais to Basra, to Sultaniya and to the islands of Sarandib (Ceylon) via Hormuz. Most of the smaller islands near Kais likewise became subject to the rulers of the latter, for example Djasak (probably the modern Larek in the strait of Hormuz), where, according to Yakut ii. 9, 7, the "king" of Kais maintained a garrison celebrated for its seamanship; see also DJASAK, i. 1025. At its period of greatest power, the dynasty of Kais also ruled over the opposite coast on the Arabian side (district of Oman), wherefore they are called by Yakut and al-Dimashki "the lords of "Oman". » #2865 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1st Edition, ~ vol. 2 pp. 649-650 « The Island of Kish is situated between Hurmuz and Siraf, opposite the important port towns of Huzu (Chiru) and Sawiya. (67) fn. 67. M. Streck, "Kais," Encyclopedia of Islam (Leiden, 1927), II, 669-670. See also Bina, "Tarikh-1 Du Hizār," I, 218-219: Muḥammad Muhit Tabatabai, "Sarzamin-1 Bahrain (The Land of Bahrain)," in R. Shafaq et al., eds., Siminar, 1, 99; and A. W. Stiffe, "Ancient Trading Centers of the Persian Gulf: II. Kais," GJ, VII (June, 1896), 644-649. » #1196 Ricks, Thomas M., Persian Gulf Seafaring and East Africa: Ninth-Twelfth Centuries, African Historical Studies, Boston, 1970 ~ p. 352 ※ SOURCE for Tabanah « Weiter folgen an der Küstedie Orte Tâbanah تابنه Girah und Kalât-'Obeid; der letzt-genannte liegt auf einem Hügel 250' und hiess vormals Huzû??هزو eine Zwingburg des Seikh von Kiš. Im Hintergrunde??erhebt sich als runde Landmarke der Koh-i-Turungah 5150',Citronenberg. Der letzte Ankerplatz an der Küste gegenüberKiš ist Cirûh mit einem Landvorsprung 30 Miles von Carek,wo die Küste von Karmania ihren natürlichen Abschluss fand, [Further along the coast are the towns of Tâbanah تابنه Girah and Kalât-'Obeid; The latter is located on a hill 250' and was formerly called Huzû?هزو, a stronghold of the Seikh of Kiš. In the background, the Koh-i-Turungah 5150', Citronenberg, rises as a round landmark. The last anchorage on the coast opposite Kiš is Cirûh with a headland 30 miles from Carek, where the coast of Karmania found its natural conclusion,] »#2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p.52 ※ SOURCE for Tahunah « Tahunah » in {map#1286 in #3343 Koji Kamioka and Hikoichi Yajima, Iran Zagurosu Sanmyaku goe no ki karaban ruto (Caravan routes across the Zagros Mountains in Iran), Research Institute for Languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, 1988 ~ fig. Map 10 : Shiraz-Kish (3)} ※ SOURCE for Tavana « Tavana » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Tawana « Tawana » in {map#632 Asia. Persian Gulf, Commander C G Constable and Lieutenant Arthur William Stiffe, 1860, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/W/L/PS/10/457} ※ SOURCE for Tawanah see SOURCE « Sawiya » Tawi (Biagi4) : arch. site OMN UTM: DP220954 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1759156166784 long 56.219453966767 VARIANT names: Tawi (Biagi4) , ※ SOURCE for Tawi (Biagi4) #2803 Biagi, P., New Rock Art Sites in the Musandam Peninsula, Sultanate of Oman, Bulletin of the Society for Arabian Studies, 2003 ~ p.24 Tawi Sa'id 39 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 819 851 converted to coordinate: lat 22.46256 long 58.76783 VARIANT names: Tawi Sa'id 39 , ※ SOURCE for Tawi Sa'id 39 « Settlement site » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 47 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Tawi Silaim 51 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 708 923 converted to coordinate: lat 22.52872 long 58.66077 VARIANT names: Tawi Silaim 51 , ※ SOURCE for Tawi Silaim 51 « Cairn tombs, tombs (3 skin wall), (?) trilith » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 52 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Tawi Silaim 52 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 709 936 converted to coordinate: lat 22.54045 long 58.66188 VARIANT names: Tawi Silaim 52 , ※ SOURCE for Tawi Silaim 52 « Cairn tombs, beehive tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 52 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Tawi Silaim 53a : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 712 920 converted to coordinate: lat 22.52597 long 58.66462 VARIANT names: Tawi Silaim 53a , ※ SOURCE for Tawi Silaim 53a « Circular tombs, probably beehive, Islamic cemetery » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 52 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Tawi Silaim 53b : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 714 930 converted to coordinate: lat 22.53498 long 58.66667 VARIANT names: Tawi Silaim 53b , ※ SOURCE for Tawi Silaim 53b « Circular tombs, boulder base, (2 or 3 skin wall), triliths » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 53 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Tawi Silaim 54a : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 718 935 converted to coordinate: lat 22.53946 long 58.67062 VARIANT names: Tawi Silaim 54a , ※ SOURCE for Tawi Silaim 54a « Circular tombs in boulders (3 skin wall) » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 53 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Tawi Silaim 54b : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 717 933 converted to coordinate: lat 22.53766 long 58.66962 VARIANT names: Tawi Silaim 54b , ※ SOURCE for Tawi Silaim 54b « Circular tombs in boulders (3 skin wall) » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 53 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Tawisk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3394937 coordinate: lat 32.2094444 long 61.9905556 NIMA/GNS names: Tavesk , Tawesk , Tawisk , Tewesk , VARIANT names: Tawisk , Tawwaj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.4087855911468 long 51.1476380409066 Supplement: No attempt has been made to distinguish between the two possible sets of Taoke / Tammudan place names as either coastal or inland. All references are grouped together under Tawwaj including d'Anville's Taoke Prom and Cape Taoce. VARIANT names: Cape Taoce , Oke , Ta?maka , Ta?uka , Tammukhan , Tamukkan , Taoca , Taoce , Taocê , Taoce Prom , Taoke , Taoke , Taûg , Tawwaj , Temuken , Tuj , ※ SOURCE for Cape Taoce « 24. From the mouths of the river Oroatis to Cape Taoce 500 stadia. From Cape Taoce to the mouths of the river Rhogomanis 700 stadia. » #3029 Marcianus of Heraclea trans: Wilfred H. Schoff, Periplus of the Outer Sea, East and West, and of the Great Islands Therein, The Commercial Museum, Philadelphia, 1927 ~ p. 21 « To this recent discovery two additional ones may now be added. One is the iden- tification of one of two places named Tamukkan (3) with Ptolemy's coastal Tαóκη, or more precisely Cape Taoce (Tαó?η ά?pα, Geogr. VI.4.2) (4)- presumably part of the coastal district Tαοκηυή (ibid. VI.4.3) and with Tab(u)makka in Late Babylonian sources. Though Tamukkan and Tαóκn have long been compared (Hallock 1959: 178; Metzler 1977: 1058- 9), the crucial connection with Late Babylonian Tah(u)makka had not been recognised before(5). The recent publication of BM 32619 (Wunsch 2003: 112-4), mentioning the town by the variant spelling tab-ú-kaki and stipulating that it is located in the Persian Gulf region, makes it very likely, though, that we are dealing with the same locality known as Tamukkan and Taókη in the Elamite and Greek sources (6). … The Greek sources mentioning coastal Ταόκη, apart from the above-mentioned references in Ptolemy's Geography, are Arrian and Strabo (8). The former, after having described a district easily recognisable as the Busehr peninsula (Ind. 39.1-2) (9), continues (39.3) (10 ): ἐκ Μεσαμβρίης δ? ?ρμηθέντες κα? διεκπλώσαντες σταδίους μάλιστα ἐς διηκοσίους ἐς Ταόκην ?ρμίζονται ἐπ? ποταμ? Γράνιδι. κα? ?πὸ τούτου ἐς τὸ ?νω Περσέων βασίλεια ?ν, ?πέχοντα τοῦ ποταμοῦ τ?ν ἐκβολέων σταδίους ἐς διηκοσίους. From Mesambria they [Nearchus and his fleet; WH] sailed and after a voyage of about two hundred stades anchored at Taoce on the river Granis. Inland from here was a Persian royal residence, about two hundred stades from the mouth of the river. Strabo, discussing the royal palaces of the Persians, mentions the βασίλεια of Susa, Persepolis and Pasargadae and then lists two more residences (XV.3.3): ?ν δ? κα? ?λλα βασίλεια τ? ἐν Γάβαις ἐν το?ς ?νωτέρω που μέρεσι τ?ς Περσίδος κα? τ? ἐν τ? παραλί? τ? κατ? τ?ν Ταόκην λεγομένην. fn. 3 Ada-u-kas-an, ASda-u-ma-kas, Stams-kas(-an), bibliography) and Tavernier 2007: 397-8 [4-3.218]. -mu-kas(-an); see Vallat 1993: 273 (with earlier fn. 4 See also Geogr. VIII.21.15. Coastal Tαóκη should not be confused with the homonymous town situated in inland Achaemenid Fars. Ptolemy (VI.4.7) gives different coordinates for this second Tαóκn and lists it, among other places, with Táßai (Abadeh or Esfahan region; cf. below). fn. 5 On Tab(u)makka in Cyr. 29, Cyr. 131 and YOS 3, 10 see Zadok 1976: 72-3 and Tolini 2008 (with earlier bibliography). Tavernier 2007: 398 [4.3.219] treats Tah(u)makka as a toponym distinct from Tamukkan/Τσόκη. fn. 6 The spelling variation between ta-hu-ma-ak-kaki (Cyr. 131), ta-bi-ú-ma-ak (YOS 3, 10), tah-ma-ak-kaki (Cyr. 29) and tab-ú-kaki (BM 32619) seems to reflect a struggle to represent a /w/ or /u/ pho- neme, as do the forms found in Elamite (cf. fn. 3 above). The Babylonian forms probably reflect /tabwak(a)/, whereas the Elamite ones point to /tawka(n)/ or /tauka(n)/(-n is a regular ending fn. 8 In addition, there is another mention of the name in Marcianus' Periplus maris exteri 1.24 (position- ing Cape Taoce 500 stades from the mouth of the river Oroates and 700 stades from that of the river Rhogomanis. On Tαókη and Tαokηvý see Weißbach 1932a-b, who points out that the way Ptolemy refers to Taókη suggests that it was an important town. fn. 9 See Potts [forthc.] with older literature. fn. 10 Transl. E. Iliff Robson (Loeb). » Wouter F. M. Henkelman, From Gabae to Taoce : the geography of the central administrative province in #3016 ed: P. Briant, W. Henkelman and M. Stolper, L’archive des Fortifications de Persépolis. État des questions et perspectives de recherches (Persika 12), Paris, 2008 ~ pp. 304-5 ※ SOURCE for Oke « From that station , the fleet sailed twelve miles and a half to Taoke, which Vincent, by an inadmissible duplication of numbers, carries to Bund-i-Naik . But to have sailed round the peninsula to Bushire would be quite sufficient to meet the statement of the Macedonian navigator. Arrian, in his Periplus, ' further tells us that Taoke was thirty-six miles from Gennaba , and the position of which, now Gunnava, is known to correspond to that distance from Bushire . Strabo also notices a palace of the kings of Persia as being on the sea-coast of Persia proper ( Farsistan ) and he calls it Oke . » #2998 William Ainsworth, A Personal Narrative of the Euphrates Expedition, K.Paul, Trench and Company, ~ vol. 2 p. 120 ※ SOURCE for Ta?maka « Très récemment, W. Henkelman a proposé d’établir une correspondance entre le toponyme babylonien Ta?mâka, le toponyme élamite Tamukkan, situé à proximité de la côte du Golfe persique, et le toponyme grec Taokè, connu par les sources classiques. [Very recently, W. Henkelman proposed establishing a correspondence between the Babylonian toponym Ta?mâka, the Elamite toponym Tamukkan, located near the coast of the Persian Gulf, and the Greek toponym Taokè,known by the classical sources.] » #3017 Tolini, G., Les travailleurs babyloniens et le palais de Taokè, ARTA, 2008 2008.002: ~ p. 1 ※ SOURCE for Ta?uka « A second residence, coastal Τα?κη, perhaps not coincidentally bracketed together with Gabae by Strabo, may be the southernmost town mentioned in the archive.(256) It occurs in Elamite as Tamukkan, and is very likely identical with Ta?uka (Ta?makka, Ta?umakka) on the Persian Gulf shore, known from contemporary Babylonian sources.(257) Despite being mentioned regularly, Tamukkan’s inclusion in the internal sphere of the Persepolis economy is uncertain, if not unlikely. There are two towns with the name Tamukkan (corresponding to the two Taocae mentioned by Ptolemy).(258) Though it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between them, it would seem that coastal Tamukkan occurs only as a travel destination, typically of Egyptian, Skudrian, Cappadocian and Lycian kurtaš (including stonemasons and painters), who may have been directed to the early Achaemenid palatial complex of Borāzgān (near Būšehr; see Boucharlat 2005: 236), possibly the site of ancient Tamukkan. fn. 256 Strabo (l.c.) lists the royal residences of Susa, Persepolis and Pasargadae and continues with the observation that there are two other palaces besides these: ?ν δ? κα? ?λλα βασίλεια τ? ἐν Γάβαις ἐν το?ς ?νωτέρω που μέρεσι τ?ς Περσίδος κα? τ? ἐν τ? παραλί? τ? κατ? τ?ν Ταόκην λεγομένην. fn. 257 The Iranian town of Ta?(u)makka, its name reminiscent of the elamograph Tamukkan (for Old Persian *Tauka), has long been taken as a different place (Zadok 1976a: 72; Tavernier 2007a: 397-8 [4.3.218-9]). Note, however, the form uruta?-ú-?ka?ki? in BM 32619:12', probably denoting the town elsewhere known as Ta?(u)makka, but this time explicitly located on the Persian Gulf shore (Wunsch 2003: 112-4). See Henkelman in Henkelman and Stolper [forthc.] §2.3 for the identification, as well as the additional arguments advanced by Tolini [forthc.] and the general discussion in Henkelman 2008. For classical sources on Τα?κη see below, fn. 258 and Henkelman 2008. fn. 258 Coastal Τα?κη: Ptol. Geogr. VI.4.2; cf. VI.4.3, VIII.21.15; see Vallat 1993a: 273 with bibliography, and Briant 1996: 779-80. Inland Τα?κη: Ptol. Geogr. VI.4.7; cf. Hallock 1978: 115 and Sumner 1986: 23. In PF 1790, Tamukkan “of (the district) Ranmesa” is mentioned, in a context of a series of Fahliyān towns (i.e. probably inland Tamukkan). » #3024 Wouter F.M. Henkelman, The Other Gods Who Are. Studies in Elamite-Iranian Acculturation Based on the Persepolis Fortification Texts (Achaemenid History XIV), Nederlands Instituut Voor Het Nabije Oosten, Leiden, 2008 ~ p. 116 ※ SOURCE for Tammukhan « Such movements are frequently attested in tablets from Category Q (travel rations): from Susa to Persepolis, from Susa to Makkan, from Persepolis to Susa, from Rakkan to Tammukhan, and so on. » #3028 Pierre Briant, From Cyrus to Alexander A History of the Persian Empire, Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake, Indiana, 2002 ~ p. 430 ※ SOURCE for Tamukkan « It is ominous that Hallock has reckoned that on an average parties going to Persepolis were two and a half times the size of those leaving it; Lewis has remarked Tamukkan (which has been taken to be the port of Taoke at Bushire) as a place that people leave from but do not come back to. » #250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983 ~ p. 87 « See his CHI fasc. (1971) 17 – 20. For the numbers employed at the different centres see Dandamayev’s statistics (above n.27). Since then Hallock has enlarged on the topographical implications of the tablets and seals (Bibliotheca Mesopotamica VI (1977) 127 – 33, Cahiers DAFI VIII (1978) 109 – 16), altering the areas he had defined and making some locations seem more hazardous; granted that Bairsha (Parsa) is Persepolis, it would now appear that at least two of the following equations must be erroneous: Matezza = Humadeshu, Rak-kan = Arrajan, Badrakatash = Pasargadai, Nupishtash = Naksh-i Rustam, Narezzash = Neyriz, Tamukkan = Taoke. » #250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983 ~ note 30 p. 244 « The Persepolis Fortification archive provides evidence for the development of Tamukkan/Taoce, where Strabo located a royal residence (Henkelman 2008b ). » Wouter F.M. Henkelman, The Achaemenid Heartland: An Archaeological - Historical Perspective in #2357 Editor(s):D. T. Potts, A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East, Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2012, ~ p. 959 « Tamukkan [name]| C [period]|perhaps Borazjan / Taoke? [possible location] | RGTC 11; Hallock 1969; Sumner 1986, 22 [reference] » #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000, ~ directory, Map 94, Persis p. 1343 ※ SOURCE for Taoca « Taoca » in {map#1126 Geographia / di Francesco Berlinghieri fiorentinoin terza rima et lingua toscana distincta con le sue tavole in varii siti et provincie secondo la geographia et distinctione dele tavole di Ptolomeo, Ptolemy, Berlinghieri, Francesco, 1480, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-1990 (RES)} ※ SOURCE for Taoce « Taoce » in {map#1083 Abrianus nicomedensis.tab XV Nearchi navigatio ab Indo ad Euphratem, Karl Müller, 1882, #2959 Karl Müller, Tabula in Geographi graeci minores, Firmin-Didot et sociis, Paris, 1882 ~} « Mais, en confultant d'après coup d'anciennes cartes Portugaifes, j'y vois Reixel également par vingt-neuf de latitude. D'ailleurs, fi on fe rappelle fe défaut que j'ai fait connoître dans la carte Angloife fur la latitude de Bafra, où cette pofition eft trop fud d'environ cinquante minutes; on jugera que c'eft le même défaut qui fe communique dans cette carte à la latitude de Bender-Risher. De-là, deux cents ftades conduifent Néarque fur la plage de Taoce, à l'embouchûre du fleuve Granis; et il ajoûte qu'à deux cents ftades de cette embouchûre en montant dans les terres, les rois de Perfe avoient un palais.[But, consulting old Portuguese maps afterwards, I also see Reixel there at latitude twenty-nine. Moreover, we remember the defect that I made known in the English map on the latitude of Basra, where this position is about fifty minutes too south; we will judge that it is the same fault which is communicated in this map at Bender-Risher latitude. From there, two hundred stadia lead Nearque to the beach of Taoce, at the mouth of the Granis river; and he adds that at two hundred stadia from this mouth ascending inland, the kings of Persia had a palace.] » #2907 M. d'Anville, Recherches ge´ographiques sur le golfe Persique, et sur les bouches de l'Euphrate et du Tigre. In Mémoires de Littérature, Tirés des Registres de l'Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Tome Trentième., De l'imprimerie Royale, Paris, 1764, pp. 132-197 ~ p. 161 « It is entirely typical that Cyrus established a residence at Taoce, right next to Bushire, where the Seleucids later planted a colony (Antioch of Persis). ... Cyrus's founding of Taoce proves that Achaemenid interest in the Persian Gulf and its coasts was long-standing, and the Persepolis tablets frequently refer to missions to and from these regions in the time of Darius I. » #3028 Pierre Briant, From Cyrus to Alexander A History of the Persian Empire, Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake, Indiana, 2002 ~ p. 760 ※ SOURCE for Taocê « Two of these (PF 679 and 680) record the disbursement of wine to Irdumasda, satrap of Makkash, and in one case this occurred at Tamukkan, that is Taocê. » #3022 D.T. Potts, The archaeology and early history of the Persian Gulf, in: ed: Lawrence G. Potter, The Persian Gulf in History, Palgrave Macmillan, , 2009, ~ p. 38 ※ SOURCE for Taoce Prom « Taoce Prom » in {map#1041 Sur le Golfe Persiq ? [sic], Jean-Baptiste d' Anville, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6743)} « Ptolémée étend le même nom de Taoce à un promontoire, qu'il fait plus occidental que la pofition de Taoce, ce qui peut s'appliquer à une pointe de terre près de ce lieu de Gennaba, que fa diftance de Taung m'a donné occafion de citer. [Ptolemy extends the same name of Taoce to a promontory, which it is more westerly than the position of Taoce, which may apply to a point of land near this place of Gennaba, which its distance from Taung gave me occasion to mention.] » #2907 M. d'Anville, Recherches ge´ographiques sur le golfe Persique, et sur les bouches de l'Euphrate et du Tigre. In Mémoires de Littérature, Tirés des Registres de l'Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, Tome Trentième., De l'imprimerie Royale, Paris, 1764, pp. 132-197 ~ p. 162 ※ SOURCE for Taoke « The mouth of the river at which the fleet first anchored is noticed in our English charts, and fixed by d'Anville for the Boschavir (275), down the borders of which Thevenot travelled in his route from Shiraz to Bender-Regh, and Boschavir is nothing more than another corruption of Busheer or Abu-Schahr, and designates the Busheer river, which falls into the north of the bay, close to Rohilla. Taoké answers to the Tauag of the Nubian Geographer, who places it not upon the coast, but, as Arrian does, (276) a few miles up the stream, thirty-six miles from Kazeron, and the same distance from Gennaba, on the river (277) of that name. Ptolemy has a Taokè, which is farther to the north; and Strabo mentions a palace(278) of the kings of Persia on the sea-coast of Persis, by the name of Okè (279), which is either a corruption or an integral part of Ta-okè. Thevenot (280) describes the river as large, broad, and deep, and adds, that it falls into the gulph near Bender-Regh; but that its mouth is to the southward of that town, and correspondent to the Granis of Arrian, appears from the circumstance of Thevenot's crossing it to the right for the last time, in his way to that town, after having travelled on its bank at intervals for some days, and crossing it repeatedly in the higher part of its course: in winter, he says it is not fordable (281). This river is marked with great precision in M'Cluer's small chart of the head of the gulph, with a place called Nuchlat (282) at its entrance, and here, allowing for the error of half the course, there can be no mistake in fixing the Granis of Arrian. The Granis is the same stream as the Boschavir of d'Anville and Thevenot; that is, it is the river that comes from Grâ, and takes its name from that place, and for this I have the testimony of Niebuhr (283). "On the second of March," he says, passed a river which joins several others, then takes its course towards Grâ, and discharges itself into the Gulph of Persia, between Abu-Schahr and Bender-Regh." This is the river M'Cluer marks by Nuchlat; it is the only one between Busheer and Bender-Regh, and it can be no other than the Granis of Arrian. fn. 275 This is the river which Niebuhr's map brings into the bay; but no river falls into the bay. Mr. Jones. fn. 276 Two hundred stadia, almost thirteen miles. fn. 277 Called Ab-Shirin by d'Anville. The distance corresponds not at all. Perhaps more: properly Aub-e-Genowè, the river of Genowe or Gennoba. fn. 278 These ruins, though I have rounded Bang nearer than common, though I have passed Bang twenty times in my lite, I never either saw or heard of. Mr. H. Jones. But are they not the ruins he describes in his own. note not far from Busheer? fn. 279 τ? κατ? τ?ν σκην. Lib. xv. p. 728. D'Anville. fn. 280 Part ii. p. 148. Eng. edit. fn. 281 Colonel Capper's journal mentions a. ruin still visible from the sea, inland on the mountains of Bang, which the natives say was built by the Greeks, and formerly impregnable. Greeks or Persians are to them alike, and it is possible here may be the re-mains of Tackè seen from Bang, which is Ptolemy's Tuoke, and yet approachable by the river, agreeable to Arrian's account. Capper, 232. fn. 282 We do not find the title of Bender Boschavir, which d'Anville gives to this road in any of our English charts, but it must be Busheer. fn. 283 Niebuhr, vol. ii. p. 91. Amst. edit. This passage is totally inconsistent with his map, where he brings the river from Grå into the bay of Busheer. » #852 Vincent, William, The commerce and navigation of the ancients in the Indian Ocean, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1807 ~ vol. 1 pp. 399-400 Vincent places « Taoke of Ptol.» at « C. Bang or Bank » and « Taoke » next tp « Granis Rr. of AR. » in {map#1112 No. II Chart of the Gulph of Persia, Vincent, William, 1797, #851 Vincent, William, The voyage of Nearchus from the Indus to the Euphrates, T. Cadell jun. and W. Davies, London, 1797 ~} ※ SOURCE for Taoke « Ptolemy mentions two places called Taoke (Geogr. Lib. vii cap. 4). Jenábah, or Genowa, appears as Gunava in the Map prefixed to Captain Macdonald Kinneir's "Journey through Asia Minor," etc. » #2876 William Ouseley, Travels in Various Countries of the East, More Particularly Persia Vol. 1, Rodwell and Martin, London, 1819, ~ p. 334 « Chinese interest for Rome had also awakened, and in 97 A.D. Kan Ying was sent on a discovering journey towards Ta-ch'in. But he allowed himself to be deterred, shortly before the goal, by exaggerated accounts of the difficulties ahead, and turned back when he had only reached Taoke, in the innermost part of the Persian Guf. » #3007 Luciano Petech, Rome and Eastern Asia, East and West, Rome, 1951 Vol. 2:no. 2:pp. 72-76 ~ p.75 «There is talk in the Behistun inscription of royal troops having come in 522 BC from a palace named Yada in the Old Persian but rendered as Anshan in the Elamite text; no trace of Achaemenid building has come to light at the known site of the city of Anshan at Malian. Remains of a palatial building were uncovered in 1971 at Borazjan inland from Bushire. This must be the palace mentioned by Nearchus as a dozen miles up-river from Taoke, which continued in use as a port into early Islamic times (Tawwaj); Junge assumed that this palace was erected by Darius I in the vicinity of his fleet station. [note23] But from the preliminary notices of the excavation scholars have concluded that the use of different-coloured stonework and the oblong (as opposed to square) plan indicate the time of Cyrus.» #250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983, ~ p. 33 « The presence of a ‘Royal Residence’ at Taoke is confirmed also by Strabo (Strabo, Geography, 15.3.3, translation from Henkelman 2012b: 939): “They [i.e. The Persians] adorned the royal residence at Susa more than the others, but held in no less honour those at Persepolis and Pasargadae. The treasure, storehouses, and funeral monuments of the Persians were there, in places more strongly fortified and at the same time ancestral. And there were also other royal residences-the one in Gabae somewhere in the upper parts of Persis, and the one on the coast, near Taoke, as it is called.” » #2870 E. Matin, The Achaemenid Settlement of Dashtestan (Borazjan): A View from Persepolis, ISMEO, 2020, ~ p. 344 ※ SOURCE for Taûg « Taûg / Taoce » in {map#1041 Sur le Golfe Persiq ? [sic], Jean-Baptiste d' Anville, 1700-1799, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6743)} ※ SOURCE for Tawwaj [Also in (Arch. Site): UTM 514323, 3253286 for BH12 Tawwaj] « The Early Islamic site of Tawwaj (2004 site code: BH12), north of Borazjan, was visited and identified by A. Iqtidari in 1970 (Whitcomb 1987: 333 and n. 31). » #2872 Carter, R.A., K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman, H. Tofighian, The Bushehr Hinterland: Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November- December 2004, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 44:pp. 63-103 ~ p2 « ancient towns [Site Type] 1 [Site Count] Tawwaj, aka Tuj, Taoke: BH12. Extensive collection of predominantly Umayyad mounds and structures, with earlier material (but not Sasanian). [Site Count Description/Comments] » » #2872 Carter, R.A., K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman, H. Tofighian, The Bushehr Hinterland: Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November- December 2004, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 44:pp. 63-103 ~ p2 « In Kāzarün and the modest town Tawwāj or Tawwāz, halfway between Kāzarün and the harbor of Jannāba,(79) were woven the linen fabrics called tawwāji or tawwāzî, famous throughout the Islamic world. By Mustawfi’s time (fourteenth century), Tawwāj already lay in ruins.(80) fn. 79 Tawwāj, according to Istakhri, p. 120, is on the rivulet Ratln, which flows into the Nāhr Sābür, then leaves it, passes by Tawwāj, and flows into the sea. For Tawwāj, see also Le Strange, The Lands, pp. 259 ff.: “its site has never been identified”; even at the beginning of the twelfth century, its greater part lay in ruins; by the fourteenth century, there was nothing but ruins. fn. 80 Nuzhat al-qulūb, University ms. no. 171, fol. 222b [ed. Le Strange, p. 116, tr. idem, p. 115]. » #2871 W. Barthold, An Historical Geography of Iran, Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1984 ~ p.163 « Tawwaz is believed to be the same as the Taoke mentioned by Arrian, a site located along the Granis River close to a Persian Royal residence (Arrian, XXXIX)(189). fn. 189 Whitcomb, 1987: 331; Whitehouse and Williamson, 1973: 35 » #2877 Negin Miri, Historical Geography of Fars during the Sasanian Period, e-Sasanika, 2009, 10: ~ p. 42 « In Antiquity, there was on the Granis a royal residence, Taoke, 200 stadia from the sea. This must be the same as the mediaeval Tawwadj (or Tawwaz), from which place the Shapur is named river of Tawwadj. In early Islamic times it was an important trade city, which also had a considerable textile industry; the stuffs named tauwaziyya were well-known (see R.B. Sergeant, Islamic textiles, Beirut 1972, 52-3). This town belonged to the district of Ardashir Khurra (Ibn al-Balkhi, Fars-nāma, 114). During the 6th/12th century, the place had already declined; in Mustawfi's time (8th/14th century) it was totally ruined. Its site can not exactly be determined; nowadays the coast district of the Shapur river is called Tawwadj. Le Strange thought that the site of the town could be identified with the present Dih Kuhna, "the chief town of the (modern) Shabankara sub-district of the Dashtistan district". » #2645 The Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd Edition, Brill, Leiden, ~ vol. 9 p. 310 ※ SOURCE for Temuken « Among the other very important points that can be obtained from the inscriptions on the ramparts of Persepolis regarding the subject under discussion is the knowledge of the important position of communication between Temukan and the southern banks and especially with the satrap of Mecca (Makka) in present-day Oman (PF 679 and 680). Based on the obtained documents, Temuken has had an important role as the source of sending food and daily consumables to the more southern satraps (Cook, 1983: 65); For example, in Baru's manuscript number PF0679, we read that "Irdumasda , the satrap of Mecca, receives wine from Parnazza in Tamuken." This event strongly supports the possibility of Tamuken being a port for the departure of delegations and people to the other side of the Persian Gulf (Potts, 2009: 38; 2010: 230). » #3014 Afshin Yazdani, Tam(uk)ka(n), Taoke, Tah(u)makah and Tahukka; the Names for an Achaemenid Port on the Northern Coast of the Persian Gulf; A Challenges for Conformity between Textual and Archaeological Documents, Journal of Archaeological Studies, University of Tehran, 2016 ~ section 2-2 ※ SOURCE for Tuj « ancient towns [Site Type] 1 [Site Count] Tawwaj, aka Tuj, Taoke: BH12. Extensive collection of predominantly Umayyad mounds and structures, with earlier material (but not Sasanian). [Site Count Description/Comments] » » #2872 Carter, R.A., K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman, H. Tofighian, The Bushehr Hinterland: Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November- December 2004, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 44:pp. 63-103 ~ p2 Tawwaj BH12 : arch. site IRN UTM: 514323, 3253286 converted to coordinate: lat 29.4087855911468 long 51.1476380409066 VARIANT names: Tawwaj BH12 , ※ SOURCE for Tawwaj BH12 « The region between the rivers is now heavily planted with dates,(12) which has damaged some known sites, including Tawwaj (BH12) and the Achaemenid “palace” Khegham Khoneh Jatut (BH47). The marshy areas to the north of the River Hilleh, below the junction of the Shapur and the Dalaki,13 may also have sustained ancient human occupation, but the combination of water action and extensive date plantation is likely to have removed any traces. fn. 12 Date plantation is particularly damaging to archaeology, as very large trenches and bunds are machined in order to direct and retain water. » #2872 Carter, R.A., K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman, H. Tofighian, The Bushehr Hinterland: Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November- December 2004, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 44:pp. 63-103 ~ pp. 12-13 coordinates converted from UTM in #2872 Carter, R.A., K. Challis, S.M.N. Priestman, H. Tofighian, The Bushehr Hinterland: Results of the First Season of the Iranian-British Archaeological Survey of Bushehr Province, November- December 2004, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 44:pp. 63-103 ~ Table 3. Site gazetteer p. 10 Tayun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3086583 coordinate: lat 29.4187 long 52.6569 NIMA/GNS names: Tafihan , Tafium , Tafyun , Tayun , تیون , VARIANT names: Taliun , Tayun , Tecoon , ※ SOURCE for Taliun « Taliun » in {map#1232 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, parts of Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1915, Qatar Digital Library fig. Sheet No. 17 1915} ※ SOURCE for Tecoon « At 16 miles, cross stream, and line of kanát, and passsmakillage of Tecoon on right. » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 735 Tazarjun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087404 coordinate: lat 31.602591 long 54.178728 NIMA/GNS names: Tazarjun , Terezjan , Terzejan , Tezerjan , Tezerjan , Tizinjun , تزرجان , تزرجون , طرزجان , VARIANT names: Tazarjun , Tazeyan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087325 coordinate: lat 27.2918 long 56.1532 NIMA/GNS names: Parsian , Tazeyan , Tazeyan-e Zir , Tazian , Tazian-e Pa'in , Tazian-e Zir , Taziyan , پارسيان , تازيان , تازيان پائين , تازيان زير , تزيان زير , تزين , VARIANT names: Tazeyan , Taziyan , TB76 and TB77 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 30.138386 long 53.093209 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: have not yet found exact coordintes VARIANT names: TB76 and TB77 , ※ SOURCE for TB76 and TB77 « TB76 and TB77 » in {map#1289 in #3360 Alireza Askari Chaverdi, Pierfrancesco Callieri, Tang-e Bolaghi (FARS), Sites TB76 and TB77: Rural Settlements of the Achaemenid and Post-Achaemenid Periods: Report of the archaeological rescue excavations carried out in 2005 and 2006 by the joint Iranian-Italian mission of the Iranian Center for Archaeological Research and the University of Bologna, with the collaboration of IsIAO, BAR International Series 2799, Oxford, 2016 ~ fig. Fig. 1 – Map of Tang-e Bolaghi with position of Sites TB76 and TB77} Tchar-Bag : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.677793 long 54.448255 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tchar-Bag , ※ SOURCE for Tchar-Bag « Après avoir passé auprès de deux citernes pleines d'eau, nous rencontrons, dans un bois de palmiers, une multitude de décombres qui servent aujourd'hui d'asile à cinq à six familles. Cet endroit a le nom de Tchar-Bag. Parmi ces ruines s'élève un mausolée nouvellement bâti, je ne sais en l'honneur de quel saint musulman. [Further on we see a covered aqueduct, and, among some palm trees, the ruins of a village called Kenaroún.After passing two cisterns full of water, we come across, in a wood of palm trees, a multitude of ruins which today serve as a refuge for five or six families. This place is called Tchar-Bag. Among these ruins stands a newly built mausoleum, I do not know in honor of which Muslim saint.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 433 Tehran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: GROVE UFI: 10377619 coordinate: lat 27.9124 long 52.7921 NIMA/GNS names: Tehran , تهران , VARIANT names: Tehran , Tehran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLC UFI: -3087341 coordinate: lat 35.705 long 51.4216 NIMA/GNS names: Teheran , Tehran , Tehran , تهران , VARIANT names: Teharone , Teheran , Tehran , ※ SOURCE for Teharone « This daye we came to Teharone [Tehrān], a fine towne lying vpon a playn, beinge very bare, haueing many plesant litle townes round aboute it. This towne is walde round aboute, » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 55 ※ SOURCE for Teheran Teheran in « Map Teheran to Isfahan » #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892, ~ vol. 2 between pp. 2 and 3 « However, once turned in the right direction, they proved excellent animals, and in one and a half hours we were driving through the semi-civilized streets of Teheran. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 299 tel bastani mandeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.681219 long 52.927141 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: tel bastani mandeh , Tel Hekvan : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 29.140438 long 52.818646 Supplement: کاخ هخامنشی هکوان [Achaemenid Hekvan Palace[ VARIANT names: Tel Hekvan , Tell-i Hakawan , ※ SOURCE for Tel Hekvan online reference link [accessed 27 May 2024] « Another brief note was published by M.T. Mostafavi, introducing the site as “Tell-i Hakawan” in: Eqlim-e Pars, 1964, (about two pages) (Mostafavi 1964: 84-85, 271). This time two photographs were published but none from the site itself. In 1967 Mostafavi also mentioned the site, using the same title, in The Survey of Persian Art, vol. XIV (Mostafavi 1967: 3008-3010). After these brief notes the site and its objects were forgotten, and remained until now unnoticed by those involved in Achaemenid studies. » #3410 Shahrokh Razmjou, “Notes on a Forgotten Achaemenid Site at Farmeshgan: Iran”, L'archéologie de l'empire achéménide: nouvelles recherches, Persika6, College de France, 2005 pp. 293-312. ~ p. 293 « Farmeshgan region has many villages including one called Hakavan (or Hakhavan). Almost 3 kilometers north of Hakavan is a hill also named Hakavan. The hill is round in shape, approximately 150 meters in length and width, 8 to 10 meters high and clearly visible from a distance of about 15 kilometers. The plain of Farmeshgan is surrounded by mountains, and as Sami has described is about 20 kilometers wide from east to west and about 12 kilometers from north to south. There is a pass to the east of approximately 24 kilometers that leads to the Sassanian Palace of Sarvestan (Sami 1959: 157). From an archaeological point of view Farmeshgan is a rich site. There are other ancient remains in Farmeshgan including a cave called Shahneshin, a castle called Abgolak, Band-e Bahman (Dam of Bahman), Gour-e Bahman (Tomb of Bahman) and remnants of a castle called Ghaleh Dokhtar (Castle of the Daughter). For the Hakavan Tappeh itself, Sami dug a little trench at the foot of the hill and found painted prehistoric pottery sherds belonging to the second and first millennia B.C. (Sami 1959: 158). He described them as red pottery, painted black in a honeycomb pattern design. This demonstrates that the historic layers at the site were deposited upon a prehistoric settlement. » #3410 Shahrokh Razmjou, “Notes on a Forgotten Achaemenid Site at Farmeshgan: Iran”, L'archéologie de l'empire achéménide: nouvelles recherches, Persika6, College de France, 2005 pp. 293-312. ~ p. 294 « Tal-e Hakavan, Farmashgan site In the north of Hakavan village, in Farmashgan district, a tepe 15 meters high above the plain is visible in the center of the plain, this site is known as Tal-e Hakavan [Fig. 1, no. 51]. The extent of this site is 40 x 60 meters and the stone structures are visible on its surface. This site is known as a monument of the Achaemenid period, but the tepe that was used to construct the building in the Achaemenid period was actually a prehistoric mound. This site is located at the latitude and longitude of 29° 08' 429'' North and 052° 49' 121'' East at an altitude of 1580 meters above sea level. On the surface of this site, there are remains of a stone terrace measuring 10 x 24 meters. » #3413 Alireza Askari Chaverdi, Achaemenid settlements in the Shiraz, Sepidan and Kavar Plains, Iran, Historia i Swiat, 2024 ~ p. 82 tel jangi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.812937 long 52.117223 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location obtained from google maps named تل جنگی = tel jangi. this is some 1300m at bearing of 153° from the GNS source Tall-e Jangi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: HLL UFI: 10334802 VARIANT names: tel jangi , Tel Naqara House : arch. site IRN UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 29.244415 long 51.743708 VARIANT names: Tel Naqara House , ※ SOURCE for Tel Naqara House « Tel Naqara House A hill with a height of about 25 meters stands out in the middle of Ghandijan city, whose soil is soft clay and looks natural. At the top of the hill, you can see the remains of a building made with crushed stone and Saroj mortar. From the top of the hill, the entire area of the city can be easily seen. It is possible that the building on the top of the hill was a bell tower that used to warn people of an attack with smoke during the day and flames at night. On the other hand, at the top of this tower, due to the breadth and depth of the field of view, it was possible to observe the entire Barin plain area. » #3124 Hassan Karimian and Afshin Aryanpur, Sassanid-Islamic City of Ghandijan: Spatial Organization, Form and Function, Journal of Iranian Studies, Tehran, ~ p. 238 Tel Qala : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.978793 long 52.966567 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Tel Qala ancient site محوطه باستانی تل قلعه VARIANT names: Tel Qala , Telchau desert : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.007988 long 57.870964 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Telchau desert , Tell Dolat Yari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.630539 long 53.145887 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: 157 Tal-i dawati تل دعوتی , Tell Dolat Yari , ※ SOURCE for 157 Tal-i dawati تل دعوتی « 157 in square 54-71 type structure type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. ※ SOURCE for Tell Dolat Yari « Tal Dawati is located in Lamard city , Alamrodasht district , Khashti village, and this work was registered as one of Iran's national works on July 24, 2002 with registration number 9219 . [ 1 ] » wikipedia online reference link [accessed 15 Oct 2024] Tembi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087364 coordinate: lat 31.823029 long 49.457825 NIMA/GNS names: Tambian , Tembi , Tembi Gelgir , Tembiun , Temblun , Tombi , تمبی , تمبی گلگیر , VARIANT names: Tambih , Tembi , ※ SOURCE for Tambih « Tambih » in {map#1182 1000k Maps of South Asia, Survey of India in the India and Adjacent Countries series, , fig. Sheet No 010 Persia Arabia and Turkey (1915)} ※ SOURCE for Tembi « #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ » #3090 Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 637 Temple of Surkh Dum : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.565555 long 47.548363 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Temple of Surkh Dum , Tenb Pergan : arch. site IRN UTM: none estimated the coordinate: lat 26.996306 long 54.295667 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tenb Pergan , Tunb, Pargan Jinah , ※ SOURCE for Tenb Pergan « The hill of Temb Pargan belongs to the Sasanian period and is located in Bastak city , Jinnah district , 1.5 kilometers south of Jinnah city. This work was registered as one of Iran's national works on 12 September 2006 with registration number 19453 . » online reference link [accessed 10 Oct 2024] ※ SOURCE for Tunb, Pargan Jinah « Tonb-e Pargan Geogrphical setting on the North Hinterlands of Persian Gulf » #3394 Ahmad Ali Asadi, Alireza Shahriari, Report of the third season of exploration of Tanb Pargan Jinnah - Bestak City, Hormozgan Province, ~ p. 16 Tenghenow village : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.676263 long 54.513522 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tang-i-Nuh , Tenghenow village , ※ SOURCE for Tang-i-Nuh « Tang-i-Nuh » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Lar G-40A 1942} « For 12 miles eastward down the Lar plain, 30 m. which is 4 miles wide, stony and barren, between low mountains, black and impregnated with salt. At 12 miles reach Tang-i- Nüh a small caravanserai, here the Furg and Hormuz roads diverge, the former turns north; follow it and enter the basin of a salt river. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 72 ※ SOURCE for Tenghenow village « Le chemin va en pente. Nous traversons un torrent d'hiver. Dans le voisinage, sur la gau- che, sont diverses huttes au milieu de champs cultivés et entre quelques palmiers. De l'autre côté on aperçoit les ruines du village de Ten- ghenow. Après avoir passé sur un pont de terre une cau salée qui coule de gauche à droite, nous marchons le long d'un canal sou- terrain. Deux cents toises au-delà est un cara- vansérail en très-bon état, près duquel sont un puits et une citerne. [The path goes downhill. We cross a winter torrent. In the vicinity, on the left, are various huts in the middle of cultivated fields and between some palm trees. On the other side we see the ruins of the village of Tenghenow. After crossing a salty stream which flows from left to right on a land bridge, we walk along an underground canal. Two hundred fathoms beyond is a caravanserai in very good condition, near which are a well and a cistern. ] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 432 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 28.52 long 53.96 † basis (unknown, approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Tepe Jalian , ※ SOURCE for Tepe Jalian before the Medes and Persians #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975, ~ p. 79 NIMA/GNS feature: ANS independent coordinate: lat 30.466667 long 55.5 VARIANT names: Tepe Langar , ※ SOURCE for Tepe Langar « Tepe Langar, (Iran) 30° 28' N 55° 30' E » #429 Roaf, Michael, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1996, pp. 65, 232 Tepe Yahya : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: -3086991 coordinate: lat 28.366667 long 56.866667 NIMA/GNS names: Tappeh Yahya , Tepe Yahya , تپ يهي , تپه يحيى , VARIANT names: Tepe Yahya , ※ SOURCE for Tepe Yahya #846 p. 39 map 3, G4, CHRL ref. Lamberg-Karlovsky 1970, 6-26 co-ordinates lat 28.36 long 56.76 estimated from map « late fourth and third millenia established Tepe Yahya and Shahr-i Sokhta; map of "Iran before the Medes and the Persians » #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975 p. 79 « pre Medes and Persians » #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975 ~ p. 79 Teru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.51862 long 52.582047 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Location based on 2 leagues to Shiras which may be incorrect. VARIANT names: Teru , ※ SOURCE for Teru « Ce même jour, nous allāmes dormir près d'un grand et beau cours d'eau, três poissonneux, qui baigne un village du nom de Teru. Nous y restâmes toute la nuit et la journée du lendemain, parce que c'était le pays des Mucuroros - propriétaires des bêtes de somme - et qu'ils y avaient leurs femmes fe et leurs enfants. [That same day, we went to sleep near a large and beautiful stream, full of fish, which flows through a village called Teru. We stayed there all night and the next day, because it was the country of the Mucuroros - owners of the beasts of burden - and they had their wives and children there.] » #3268 Joaquim Verissimo Serrao, Un Voyageur Portugais en Perse au début du XVIIe siècle Nicolau De Orta Rebelo, Comité National Portugais, Lisbonne, 1972 ~ p. 115 Teyab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087408 coordinate: lat 27.1122 long 56.8685 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Tiab , Teyab , Tiab , Tiyab , بندر تياب , تياب , VARIANT names: Teyab , Tiab , Thaj : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3100015 coordinate: lat 26.8747222 long 48.7177778 NIMA/GNS names: Taj , Thadj , Thaj , VARIANT names: Thaj , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Thaj FOR Gerrha [Potts], ※ SOURCE for Thaj Potts lists the possibilities for the location of Gerrha including Qatif, Hofuf, al Uqayr and Salwa then says « that Thaj and al-Jubayl are the sites of the inland town of Gerrha and its coastal port » #382 Potts, D. T., The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1990 ~ pp. 85-97 and p. 90 « In the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, in the Wadi al-Miyah, where the soil is fertile and water plentiful, lies the site of Thaj. There, the discharge water table is very near the surface. Numerous ancient wells, particularly around the sebkhas, are still visible and ruined villages attest the existence of a large occupation previous to the modern development. The site lies on a shallow hollow, 9 km wide and about the same in length, sloping from a small range of very low hills towards a sebkha of about 1.5 km in diameter, which bounds it on the north side (Mandaville 1963; Bibby 1973: 10–28; Potts 1990: 30–48, 197–203; 1993: 87–97). » #2928 Michel Mouton, The settlement patterns of north-eastern and south-eastern Arabia in late antiquity, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2009 vol. 20:pp.185–207 ~ p. 187 « Thaj lies on the caravan routes from Hofuf to Basra and from the Arabian Gulf to Nejd. Beyond Hofuf one could reach Oman, central Arabia and Yemen by the track that follows Wadi Dawasir and goes through Layla Aflaj and Qaryat al-Fau. In addition, the site is linked to the coast by an old track that leads to the port of Jubayl, 95 km away. Thaj has sometimes been identified as the site of Phigeia, mentioned in the Geography of Ptolemy, and sometimes as Gerrha, the famous ancient trade port on the Arabian Gulf (Mandaville 1963: 19; Potts 1990: 85–98).» #2928 Michel Mouton, The settlement patterns of north-eastern and south-eastern Arabia in late antiquity, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2009 vol. 20:pp.185–207 ~ p. 191 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 26.583333 long 50.083333 † basis (unknown, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Tharro , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Tharro AT Tarut lat long [James], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Tharro AT Sir Abu Nu`air lat long [Arrowsmith], ※ SOURCE for Tharro « Ptolemy, the geographer, during the 2nd cent. A.D. mentions the island of Ikaros with the other islands of the Persian Gulf and he gives its coordinates : νήσια... έν δέ τφ Περσικφ κόλπφ, Άπφάνα...Ίχάρα, θαρρώ, Τύλος, "Αραδος (Geography, VI, 7, 47). The islands of the Persian Gulf, Apphana, Ichara, Tharro, Tylos, Arados. These informations are found again in the Dictionary written by Stephanus Byzantius in the second half of the 5th cent. A.D. and which we only know now by the summary made from it by the geographer Hermolaos during the 6th cent. » #2930 Failaka. Fouilles françaises 1983, Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée, Lyon, 1983, ~ p. 26 « Tharro » in {map#1096 Regiones intra Mare Hycanum, Oxum Fl. Indicum Pelagus et Sin. Persicum Sitae, Arrowsmith, Aaron Jr., 1828, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 0035.027} [« Tharro » is in the same position as « Zara » in the preceeding map Persia with a part of Cabul and the adjacent countries. PBR] « Bilbana is a coastal town opposite Tharro. I believe I am not audacious to equate "Tharro" with Tarot. As a consequence, Bilbana would be identified with Qatif. The archaeological evidence, previously discussed, dates both localities to the period which concerns us. » #2968 W. E. James, Anhang: On the Location of Gena in Nachträge - Das christliche Aksum, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 2018 ~ p. 54 The Chabar Taq n. 3 Farrāshband. : arch. site IRN (chahar taq) UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 28.793916 long 52.1033 † basis (unknown) Supplement: location cannot be established exactly VARIANT names: The Chabar Taq n. 3 Farrāshband. , ※ SOURCE for The Chabar Taq n. 3 Farrāshband. « 3. The Chabar Taq n. 3 Farrāshband.Three km. approximately to the southwest of the Chahar Taq Tall-i Djangi, in the same plain, other ruins can be seen (pl. XXXII b). These are those of a rectangular building, 8.30 m. by 10 m. These are the exterior dimensions, but inside there is a square 4.90 m. on each side. The building rests on four pillars connected by arches and supporting a dome; only two of these four pillars remain intact, reaching a height of 6.30 m. to the squinches, and having a thickness of 2 m. x 1.70 m. by 3.70 m. The two pillars which rose on the southeast side, 2 m. thick by 1.70 m. have suffered the ravages of time and rise to a height of only 3.70 m. for one, 3.50 m. for the other. Only the arch on the northwest side is preserved. 4.40 m high, it is 3.40 m wide and has an opening of 4.30 m.Blocking of rubble and lime mortar covered with selected and recut rubble constitutes the bond of the walls.We are probably facing a Chahar Taq, although the exterior plan is rectangular and the bays are of an unusual type. Another particular fact is the absence of buildings in the immediate vicinity. You have to travel 900 m. towards the south to see traces of ruins. » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ pp. 185-5 the further limit of Mandistan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.874741 long 51.961889 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Akhramandestan , the further limit of Mandistan , ※ SOURCE for Akhramandestan « 9. 9th house: Akhramandestan (haft farsang). » #3161 Dr. Mohammad Ismail Ismaili Jolodar, A proposal to determine the location of the ancient port of Najiram based on the written texts of Sadr Islam and archaeological studies, rasekhoon.net/article/show/1012597/, 2013 ~ ※ SOURCE for the further limit of Mandistan « the eighth stage is in 8 leagues to [the beginning of] Mandistan, the ninth stage is 7 leagues to the further limit of Mändistan, » #3047 G. Le Strange, Description of the Province of Fars, in Persia, at the Beginning of the Twelfth Century A.D. Translated from the MS. of Ibn-al-Balkhi, in the British Museum, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1912 pp. 1-30, pp. 311-339, pp. 865-889 ~ p. 886 Thialemath : place YEM NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3190823 coordinate: lat 14.937778 long 50.337222 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) NIMA/GNS names: Qusaiyir , Qusay`ar , Qusay`ir , Qusei`ar , VARIANT names: Thialemath , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Thialemath AT Qusay`ar lat 14.937778 long 50.337222 [Sprenger], POSSIBLE LOCATION of Thialemath AT Hasana lat 15.041667 long 50.506667 [Pleiads Rep.Point], ※ SOURCE for Thialemath « D2 | Thialemath § Thiallela | R | al-Qusay'ir? YEM | Sprenger 1875.109 » in #846 Talbert, Richard (ed.), Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 2000 ~ Map 4 Arabia-Azania directory p. 49 « 109. Θιαλημαϑ ϰώμη, 87° 0', 14° 0' (W. Α. Β. C. ; Θιαλιμαθ VC.; Oh N. Vvulgo), entspricht al-Qoçayr, L. 50º 21'. » #1332 Sprenger, A., Die alte Geographie Arabiens, Commissionsverlag Von Huber als Comp; Meridian Publising Co., Bern; Amsterdam, 1875;1966 ~ p.85 [Θιαλημαϑ and Θιαλιμαθ = Thialimath] « An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 4 D2 Thialemath, Pleiades Representative Point (Latitude, Longitude): 15.048659, 50.52766 » D.T. Potts, R. Talbert, T. Elliott, and S. Gillies, 'Thialemath: a Pleiades place resource', Pleiades: A Gazetteer of Past Places, 2012 online reference link [accessed 13 Mar 2023] Tiab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087408 coordinate: lat 27.1122 long 56.8685 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e Tiab , Teyab , Tiab , Tiyab , بندر تياب , تياب , VARIANT names: Tiab , Tibat : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -789174 coordinate: lat 26.071111 long 56.109722 NIMA/GNS names: Shibat , Tibat , Tibat , Tibba , تيبات , VARIANT names: Tibat , Tibbat , ※ SOURCE for Tibat Survey, design, consultants of water supply schemes for Tayibat, Ghrumdah, Fudhra, Bukha, Al Jadi, Al Jirri, Qidah, Kumzar, Habalayn, Shabus, Shairsah, Limah, Bayah #171 Pencol Engineering Consultants, Musandam Water Supply Schemes, Pencol Engineering Consultants, London, 1975 ~ ※ SOURCE for Tibbat Map created in 1832. It was written in English and Arabic.#2587 Original surveys by Lieutenants John Michael Guy, George Barnes Brucks, Robert Cogan, William Eales Rogers and Stafford Bettesworth Haines, 1821-29, 'Chart of The Gulf of Persia.' IOR/X/3635/35/1-2, James Horsburgh, Hydrographer to the Honourable East India Company, 1832 ~ Tidasht : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 153223 coordinate: lat 28.813611 long 52.615556 NIMA/GNS names: Tidasht , VARIANT names: Teerish , Tidasht , ※ SOURCE for Teerish « Teerish » in {map#1231 ‘Sketch of Lieut. Snodgrass’s Route from Bushire to Shiraz, via Feruzabad, A.D. 1810’, , , [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3118, in Qatar Digital Library fig. } ※ SOURCE for Tidasht « At eight miles from Firuzabad, we came to a small village called Tihdasht (the foot of the plain), situated immediately under the mountain, and backed by semicircular galleries of tabular rock a natural amphitheatre of stone. Ruins of two other villages lie in the plain below. Tihdasht is built of stone, in an exceedingly dirty and narrow style of architecture. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p.98 « Tidasht …. 4 miles E. of Firuzābād. Route No. 37. » #3095 Report on Fars by Captain A T Wilson, Indian Political Department, Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1916 ~ p. 167 Tidjan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087420 coordinate: lat 33.299535 long 50.329891 NIMA/GNS names: Bid Jan , Tidjan , Tujun , Turjan , تیدجان , VARIANT names: Tidjan , T'ien-chu : place IND NIMA/GNS feature: PCLI UFI: -2097795 coordinate: lat 20 long 77 NIMA/GNS names: Bharat , India , Republic of India , VARIANT names: T'ien-chu , ※ SOURCE for T'ien-chu #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 p. 13 Tigris River : stream grp 35 IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3104827 coordinate: lat 31 long 47.4166667 NIMA/GNS names: `Awjan , Al Furat , As Shatt al Hilla , Awjan Pasha , Deir ez Zor , Dicle Nehri , Dijlah , Dikris , El Furat , Eufrate , Euphrat , Euphrate , Ferath , Firat Nehri , Frat , Furat Su , Hiddekel , Hiddekil , Nahr al Furat , Nahr Dijlah , Nahr Dijlah , Nahr Dijlah , Perath , Shatt Dijla , Tigre , Tigri , Tigris River , Yeprad , VARIANT names: Tigris River , ※ SOURCE for Tigris River « Diz tambem ser aberto hum canal do Eufrates pera o Tygres de sette legoas pera melhor comodidade da madeira chegar a Baçora: confessa e affirma nao auer nas ribeiras daquelles rios, nem por aquellas partes matas nem bosques donde se possa cortar algula materia pera navios. [He also says that a channel of the Euphrates was opened for the Tygres of seven leagues for the better convenience of the wood reaching Basra: he confesses and affirms that he does not go to the banks of those rivers, nor through those parts of woods or woods where something can be cut for ships.] » #2986 Francisco Marques de Sousa Viterbo, Viagens da India a Portugal por terra e vice-versa : resenha historica e documental, Imprensa da Universidade, Coimbra, 1898 ~ p. 59 « Tigris River » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Basra 445B location of stream about 38 kms north of confluence with Euphrates River Tigris river (Shatt-al-Dijla) : stream grp 35 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.206821 long 44.463205 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tigris river (Shatt-al-Dijla) , ※ SOURCE for Tigris river (Shatt-al-Dijla) « Tigris river (Shatt-al-Dijla) » in {map#1213 India and adjacent countries 1:1,000,000, Persia, Surveyor General of India, 1936, University of Wisconsin fig. Sheet No.2 Baghdad 1917} Tikan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087442 coordinate: lat 33.338585 long 50.555196 NIMA/GNS names: Tikan , Tiken , تیکن , VARIANT names: Tikan , ※ SOURCE for Tikan « Tikan » in {map#1326 , #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~, , fig. Abb. 3 Karte Irans, Ausschnitt der Regionen Teheran - Esfahan - Shiraz} « Tikān has 100 houses and 2,000 sheep. The yearly produce is 2,000 kharwars of grain. Maliat is 350 tumāns.Note, On account of deficient water-supply in Tikan it is advisable to camp half a mile above the village, where water is obtainable from a qanat coming from Surcheh. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 236 Timur's relief : arch. site IRN UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 29.559296 long 51.766166 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Timur's relief , ※ SOURCE for Timur's relief « De cet endroit on voit la route inscrire de nombreuses sinuosités le long des pentes boisées et plonger dans la vallée incandescente de Kāzerün par le Kotal-é Dukhtar (Col de la fille).')Au débouché de ce paysage on laisse à droite une paroi rocheuse ornée d'un naïf relief kädjar (sculpté sur l'ordre de Timür Khan) [From this place we see the road winding its way along the wooded slopes and plunging into the incandescent valley of Kāzerün via the Kotal-é Dukhtar (Girl's Pass).')At the end of this landscape we leave on the right a rock face decorated with a naive kädjar relief (sculpted on the orders of Timür Khan)] » #3408 Maxime Siroux, Petit monument Sāsānide près de Kāzerūn, in: Athar e Iran, Annales du service archeologique de l'Iran. 3, Libraire Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, Paris, 1938, pp.. 135-9 ~ p. 135 Tirada : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.831793 long 48.037912 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tirada , ※ SOURCE for Tirada « across Ab-i-Zal and to Tirādā, at which point it diverges to the north-north-west. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 154 Tiran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6013009 coordinate: lat 32.703282 long 51.153812 NIMA/GNS names: Tehran , Tihran , Tiran , Tirun , تیران , VARIANT names: Tiran , Tis : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087519 coordinate: lat 25.3569 long 60.6209 NIMA/GNS names: Tis , Tis , Tiz , Tiz Post , تيس , طیس , VARIANT names: Teez , Tis , Tíz , Tsi-ki , ※ SOURCE for Teez « To the northward of the town [Charbar - pbr] may be seen extensive ruins, supposed to indicate the site of a Portuguese settlement called Teez [n. Tíz is mentioned by Idrisi (geogr. Nubiens. P. 53), who wrote in the XIIth century.]. Scarcely one stone remains on another, so that it is almost inmpossible to make out the style of architecture; but enough remains to show that these buildings were not erected here by the natives of the coast. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 271 ※ SOURCE for Tis #848 Fraser, P. M., Cities of Alexander the Great, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996, map ※ SOURCE for Tíz « To the northward of the town [Charbar - pbr] may be seen extensive ruins, supposed to indicate the site of a Portuguese settlement called Teez [n. Tíz is mentioned by Idrisi (geogr. Nubiens. P. 53), who wrote in the XIIth century.]. Scarcely one stone remains on another, so that it is almost inmpossible to make out the style of architecture; but enough remains to show that these buildings were not erected here by the natives of the coast. » #253 Kempthorne, Lieut. G.B., Notes on a Survey along the Eastern Shores of the Persian Gulf in 1828, Royal Geographical Society, 1835, p. 271 « A characteristic feature of the glazed graffito pottery of Tiz, as illustrated in Pl. IV, is the great range of colouring in the glaze, varying in the same piece from pale straw and yellow to brown, green, pink, or crimson, always with a mottled and patchy appearance. Side by side with this style we find a somewhat different and bolder decoration of glazed pottery attested by pieces from Tiz III, like 186, 188 A, 196-201, 274, etc. (Pl. IV). In this the fine incised designs are replaced by broad strokes. Another type illustrated by III. 242 shows dots and bands painted on with a light coloured slip. The relief decoration of unpainted pottery, of which Pl. V shows a specimen in Tiz surf. 136, was mostly produced from moulds and, as finds of moulds (Tiz III. surf. 142; II. vi. 84) show, done locally. The rarity of pottery distinctly indicating Chinese origin suggests that the port of Tiz had ceased to be much frequented by maritime trade before the import of Chinese porcelain into Persia was fully developed in Mongol times. Stone beads of manifold material and shape are found plentifully over the whole site. A collection of them was acquired and awaits expert examination. » #1693 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological reconnaissances in north-western India and south-eastern Irān, Macmillan and Co., London, 1937 ~ p. 92 ※ SOURCE for Tsi-ki « possibly the port of Tiz on the Makran coast and in mediavel times its chief commercial centre » #326 Chau Ju-kua (trans. Hirth, F and Rockhill, W W), His work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the twelth and thriteenth centuries entitled Chu-fan-chi, Office of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1911 pp. 117, 122 note 13 Tis Portuguese fort : place IRN (portuguese) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 25.354334 long 60.607023 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: ghale portaghali cpeha tis قلعه پرتغالی ها تیس VARIANT names: Tis Portuguese fort , ※ SOURCE for Tis Portuguese fort « The so-called Portuguese Castle is located on top of a hill in the village of Tis which was an important Iranian seaport during the Achaemenid Empire. The castle which is five km away from Chabahar was built during the Safavid era. » Portuguese Castle in Southeastern Iran online reference link [accessed 13 Feb 2025] Tishabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087521 coordinate: lat 27.7204 long 53.5548 NIMA/GNS names: Tishabad , Tishu , Tishun , تیشو , تیشون , VARIANT names: Tishabad , ※ SOURCE for Tishabad « The road now strikes diagonally across the valley towards the range Khunj, and, passing through some tracts cultivated with wheat and barley, brings us to the village-fort of Tishabad. This place, situated on the north side of the road, consists of the customary mud and stone fort, wherein dwell about 60 people or 20 men fit for service. Supplies insignificant. Water good from a cistern. Grazing good. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 99 Tiwi : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -789184 coordinate: lat 22.826082 long 59.257958 NIMA/GNS names: Taiwa , Taiwi , Taywah , Tiwi , Tiwi , طيوي , VARIANT names: Taiwa , Teirby , Terne , Terue , Terve , teyve , Tibi , Tieh-wei , Tiwi , ※ SOURCE for Taiwa «Yeyve [Portuguese name] Tiwi [Arab name] Taiwa [Modern equivalente] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Teirby (map [862] 18) Arabia, Felix, Hacke, William., 1690?, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. G2201.P5 H3 1690) ※ SOURCE for Terne « Logo passado este lugar está outro que chamam Terne, é pequeno, e tem muito boa aguada, onde a vêm fazer todas as naus que por estas partes navegavam. Está além deste lugar outro que chamam Dagino, que é também muito bom porto de mar. » [Just past this place is another one they call Terne, is small, and has very good water, where they come from make all the ships that sailed through these parts. it is besides this place another one called Dagino, which is also very good seaport.” #1640 Barbosa, Duarte, Livro em que dá relação do que viu e ouviu no Oriente /Duarte Barbosa, Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1946 ~ p. 24 ※ SOURCE for Terue « The distortions are perhaps most violent in Barbosa where Sur becomes Char, Qalhāt Calarate. Tiwi Terue. Daghmar Dagino. Suḥar Coquiar and Khawr Fakkān Profam. His Etem, which defeated Longworth Dames, is obviously Yiti. » #2592 Beckingham CF., Some notes on the Portuguese in Oman, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1983 vol. 6:pt. 1: ~ p.18 ※ SOURCE for Terve « Terve (called Tybi in the Spanish version, Tibi in Ribero's map of 1529, Tivi in Berthelot's map of 1635). Ibn Batata (Defremery II, 226) calls it Tibi (., My perfume) as he explains, and praises it for its streams and fruits. In the map accompanying Hogarth's Penetration of Arabia the name is given as Taiwa, and in the same form in the Rev. G. P. Badger's map in the Imams and Sayyids of 'Oman.-H.S. » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.69 fn.2 « TERVE, porto de-Taiwa, em 22° 50' lat. N. e 59° 15 long. E., na costa de Omão, entre o cabo ou ras Ash Shajar e o porto de Calaiate ou Kelhat. [Duarte Bar- bosa - Livro de. Versão publicada pela Academia das Ciências de Lisboa]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 216 ※ SOURCE for teyve «Yeyve [Portuguese name] Tiwi [Arab name] Taiwa [Modern equivalente] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 ※ SOURCE for Tibi « This is evident from the case of a certain António Fernandes who, accompanied by his son Vasco, travelled from Goa to Hormuz aboard the ship Santa Maria do Monte from March 27 to June 11, 1520, calling at Qalhat on May 10, watering in Tibi on May 14, arriving at Muscat by May 20 and finally Hurfakkan on June 5.20 They had to travel with the permission of Goa’s captain, Rui de Melo, hinting the possibility of their return to Hormuz after having traded in horses with Goa. Index Tibi [Tiwi] : 205. » #2825 Sushil Chaudhury, Kéram Kévonian, Les Arméniens dans le Commerce Asiatique au début de l'ère moderne, Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme, ~ section 12. Armenian Merchants in Portuguese Trade Networks in the Western Indian Ocean in the Early Modern Age para. 28 ※ SOURCE for Tieh-wei « Tiwi village, 22° 49' N » #329 Ma Huan, Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan, The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores 1433, Cambridge University Press for the Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1970 app. 2 p. 298 ※ SOURCE for Tiwi «Yeyve [Portuguese name] Tiwi [Arab name] Taiwa [Modern equivalente] » #32 Tibbetts, G. R., Arabia in the Fifteenth-Century Navigational Texts, Arabian Studies, London and Basingstoke, 1974 1:98 ~ p. 99 Tol-e Mohammad Taqi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3745254 coordinate: lat 28.590833 long 53.119444 NIMA/GNS names: Tol-e Mohammad Taqi , VARIANT names: Tol-e Mohammad Taqi , Tulamataki , ※ SOURCE for Tulamataki « At 33 miles, the village of Tulamataki is passed, lying about 1 mile to the N.; it is small and poor, and is enclosed by mud walls. 5½ miles, there is a rather steep ascent from the lower ground up an underfeature. The route now gradually ascends from the centre of an open stretch of country, situated between two parallel ranges of hills. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 236 Tol-e Pir (G12) : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 27.715399 long 52.682705 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: 107 Tal-i pir¯ تل پیر , Tol-e Pir (G12) , Tumb-i Tir (G12) , ※ SOURCE for 107 Tal-i pir¯ تل پیر « 107 in square 54-67 type structure type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. ※ SOURCE for Tol-e Pir (G12) Tol-e Pir (G12) online reference link [accessed 24 Nov 2024] « The mound site of Tol-e Pir (E 052° 40.963’, N 27° 42.925’; 461.5 m. asl) is situated at the edge of the Galehda\r Valley in southern Fars, approximately 20 km. from the Persian Gulf (Figs 2 and 3). This intermontane valley lies behind the Shib Koh, which is a ridge of the Zagros that abuts the Persian Gulf coast. The mound is thus situated at a relatively low altitude in the hot coastal zone that receives little annual rainfall today. Tol-e Pir was discovered and sounded by Sir M. Aurel Stein in 193324 and has recently been revisited and resurveyed.25 Part of its significance lies in the fact that it is the only prehistoric site of any period to have been identified and excavated on or adjacent to the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf. fn. 24 Stein 1934; 1937. » #3355 Alireza Askari Chaverdi, Cameron A. Petrie and Helen Taylor, Early villages on the Persian Gulf Littoral: Revisiting Tol-E Pir and the Galehdar Valley, Iranian Centre for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, British Museum, ~ p. 23 ※ SOURCE for Tumb-i Tir (G12) « Tumb-i Tir (G12), the present name for Stein's (1937: 221-23) Tal-i Pir, is a low mound near the village of Haraj covered with painted pottery and worked flints. The site was discovered and briefly excavated by Stein. Behind Haraj are the massive walls of a fort called Takht-i Pirist (ibid.: 225). » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 89 Tole Qaleh Seyfabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 3266600: 568620: 39. converted to coordinate: lat 29.5271444915245 long 51.7081314125455 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tole Qaleh Seyfabad , ※ SOURCE for Tole Qaleh Seyfabad « Tole Qaleh Seyfabad » in {map#1198 in #3109 ed. St John Simpson, Sasanian Archaeology: Settlements, Environment and Material Culture, Archaeopress Archaeology, Oxford, 2022 ~ fig. Figure 2. Topographic map of TQS and neighbouring villages (1:25,000 scale)} « 2 Geographical location?Tel Qale Seif Abad is located in the central part of Kazerun city, Balyan rural district, 500 meters north of the village of Seif Abad on the natural ridges of Mount Pahan, west of Lake Parishan, and based on the UTM coordinate system, at the geographical location 3266600: 568620: 39. The height of Mount Pahan decreases from northwest to southeast. Its highest part is in the north of Abu Ali village with an altitude of about 900 meters and its lowest part is in the eastern part where the Tel Qale Seif Abad site is located, reaching 830 meters. The height of Tel Qale, which is located southwest of Tel Qale, is about 30 meters above the surrounding plains. » #3420 Yaghoub Mohammadifar, Reza Norouzi, Proposal on the use of the architectural remains discovered in the Sassanid site of Tell Qaleh Seif-Abad-Kazeroun, JARCS Archaeological studies, Article 4,vol. 14: issue 1 sn 29:pp. 83-105 ~p. 88 Tol-e Sabz : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.856667 long 52.446389 VARIANT names: Tol-e Sabz , ※ SOURCE for Tol-e Sabz « At c. 1325m above sea level, Tol-e Sabz (28° 51” 24” N and 52° 26” 47” E) is located in the north-west of the Firuzabad Plain, 2km south-east of the village of Baygan (Figure 2). The tell rises 4m above the surrounding plain and is almost 1.8ha in area (Figures 3 and 4). Stein visited the site in 1934, reporting only “a number of small, worked stone blades” on the slopes, but no ceramics other than some fragments of glazed ware on the top of the mound (Stein 1936: 129). In 2013, the authors visited the site and collected diagnostic ceramics and lithics. The distribution of the ceramics across the site was scant and prehistoric pottery was only recovered from the northern part of the site, which has been levelled by agriculture. » #3421 Majid Mansouri and Hesamalddin Ahmady, Tol-e Sabz: a Neolithic site in the Firuzabad Plain, Fars, Iran, Antiquity Project Gallery89 (345), ~ p. 2 Tol-e Sefid Sadra : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 29.755042 long 52.446953 VARIANT names: Tol-e Sefid Sadra , ※ SOURCE for Tol-e Sefid Sadra « Tol-e Sefid-e Sadra Site The number of this site is determined on the archaeological map in the geographical coordinates table (39 R 063 99 11) with the situation of 92 535 UTM 32 with number 28 [Fig. 1]. On the right side of the Golestan district street toward Sadra town, at the 2 kilometer of this road in right hand, a high hill is visible on the surface of flat grounds, which looks more like a natural hill. This site is known as White Hill (Tol-e Sefid). Its width is about 250 by 300 meters, and its height is about 20 meters from the surface of the surrounding grounds. Next to this site is a spring called Joshanak River which flows into this part from upstream [Figs. 1, 2, 3]. » #3414 Alireza Askari Chaverdi, Achaemenid Settlement in Shiraz Plain: Tol-e Sefid Sadra, Historia i Swiat, 2023 ~ p. 51 tomb (Pietro Della Valle) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.475067 long 55.002826 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: tomb (Pietro Della Valle) , ※ SOURCE for tomb (Pietro Della Valle) « versola mezza notte ci fermammo a riposar in un luogo piano tramonti, dove soglion posarsi le carovane all'ombra di certi grandialberi che vi sono, di quei ghiez, da me altre volte descritti,che son della razza, o de'ginepri, o de'cedri del Libano: nè vimancavano intorno molti cespugli di mortella, ed acqua corrente vicina; da mezza lega prima di arrivare al sepolcro diun certo loro Imamzadè, che si trova poco più innanzi, dovele tre leghe di cammino sarebbono state compite; [towards midnight we stopped to rest in a flat place between the mountains, where the caravans usually rest in the shade of certain large trees that exist there, of those ghiez, described by me on other occasions, which are of the race, or junipers , or of the cedars of Lebanon: nor were there lacking many bushes of myrtle around it, and nearby running water; half a league before arriving at the tomb of a certain Imamzadè of theirs, which is located a little further on, where the three leagues of journey would have been completed;] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 279 Tomb of Cyrus the Great : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 30.193941 long 53.167143 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tomb of Cyrus the Great , ※ SOURCE for Tomb of Cyrus the Great « The first and the most notable object of all that remains of the ancient city of Cyrus is the tomb of the King himself Desolate and solitary in the surrounding desert, there rises a seven-terraced altar of stone, on the top of which stands the tomb ;— a massive, almost square building with a rounded stone roof Like a green plume, a little bush grows from between the interstices of the stone, while another huddles under the shelter of the south wall. Around lie the ruins of an enclosure, of which the sepulchre itself does not occupy the centre, being slightly to the north thereof Access is gained to the tomb by a low door, which leads into a tiny stone cell, bare-walled, and with a smoke-blackened roof There is no trace now of any inscription, although there is no reason to doubt that when Alexander visited the tomb he both found one and left another. » #3069 Crawshay-Williams, Eliot, Across Persia, Edward Arnold, London, 1907 ~ p. 230 Tomb of Sheikh Abu Khalifa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.955041 long 53.219419 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Pir Boke , Tomb of Sheikh Abu Khalifa , ※ SOURCE for Pir Boke « Recrossing to the opposite bank I found at Gizze village the beautiful domed tomb of a saint known as 'Pir Boke', dating from Timurid times as shown by fine marble tombstones of 790 A.H. (A.D. 1388) and 807 A.H. (A.D. 1404). The exquisite decoration of the interior with enamelled tile-work and painted stucco (like the carved stone facing outside) seemed doomed to complete destruction. Some worked flints brought from small mounds scattered on intermittently cultivated ground within half a mile to the east of Asmängird induced me next day to test one of these mounds, about 5 ft. high, by a trial excavation. Besides a quantity of coarse plain potsherds it yielded a considerable number begin a ivew search Find a word in the current document » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 135 ※ SOURCE for Tomb of Sheikh Abu Khalifa « The tomb of Sheikh Khalifa (Zin al-Din Ali Khalifa) dates back to the 7th century AH and is located in Khafar city, Bab Anar city, Jaza district, and this work was registered as one of the national works of Iran on January 10, 1381 with registration number 6783. [1] .Is This tomb is decorated with presentation tiles, and part of its altar tiles were transferred to the Pars Museum in Shiraz by the former Department of Culture of Jahrom in 1316, which is now located in this museum. There are 6 graves in this tomb, which were probably scholars and notables of Khafar. The moqrans of some of the arches are still intact. Iranologist Jaber Heidari believes that the mentioned building was built on an older building. This is a very beautiful and unique building that has been forgotten.ted searches » online reference link [accessed 18 Jul 2024] Tomb of Sheikh Yusof Sarvestani : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.273175 long 53.220554 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tomb of Sheikh Yusof Sarvestani , tomb shrine (maqbara) of Shaikh Yūsuf Sarvistani , ※ SOURCE for Tomb of Sheikh Yusof Sarvestani « The tomb of Sheikh Yusuf Sarvostani is one of the historical monuments of Sarvostan city in Sarvostan city and Fars province. In this building, the tombs of "Sheikh Yusuf Sarostani" (died: 680 AH) and "Mohammed bin Hasan Ali Al-Bizawi" (died: 710 AH) are placed. The mausoleum of Sheikh Yusuf Sarostani consists of several stone pillars and two quadrangles. This building is beautifully located in the middle of Sarvestan city. In terms of architecture, it goes back to the Ilkhanid period, and the decorations of the building are influenced by the common decorations of that era. In the Pars region, it is said that this tomb, which was the place where Sheikh Yusuf bin Yaqub lived and taught, contains two or four arches and several stone columns and stone carvings. The architecture of this building is similar to the architecture of Sassanid buildings, and its stone-carving method is similar to that of the ancient Grand Mosque of Shiraz. First of all, the importance of the decoration element of the sculptural building is that the major sculptural decorations include inscriptions in Kufic, Tholut, Naskh and Islamic motifs, i.e. twists and turns. In addition to this, the decorative elements of the art of tiling were used in this building, unfortunately, there are no works of this art in the building today. » online reference link [accessed 20 Jul 2024] ※ SOURCE for tomb shrine (maqbara) of Shaikh Yūsuf Sarvistani « Sarvistān, though reduced now to some 300 dilapidated homesteads scattered among fruit gardens, may well mark the site of Khawaristan which the early Arab geographers mention as a town on the route from Shirāz to Dārāb.3 The only relic of its old prosperity is the fine tomb shrine (maqbara) of Shaikh Yūsuf Sarvistāni, containing that holy man's beautifully carved sarcophagus with a Kufic inscription dated A.H. 682 or A.D. 1283. The domed roof has fallen in, but the four arches resting on massive pillars which once supported it are intact and, together with other interesting architectural features, would well deserve careful study and preservation. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 178 Tomb-e Bot : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 27.735611 long 52.652588 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: « location centred on imposed grid system in FIGURE 1 Tomb-e Bot, map of the site showing the location of the imposed grid system to sample pottery and architectural remains. » in #3354 alireza askari chaverdi, Post-Achaemenid Legacy of the Persian Gulf Hinterland Systematic Survey of Surface Remains from Tomb-e Bot, Fars, Iran, Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia, 2017 ~ p. 130 VARIANT names: Tomb-e Bot , ※ SOURCE for Tomb-e Bot « The archaeological site of Tomb-e Bot, located in the Mohr County of southern Fars Province, is a major settlement of Arsacid and Sasanid date. The site was selected for detailed investigation from among the ?? sites recorded by the general survey of southern Fars region to provide answers to outstanding questions on ancient Iran, in particular during the period from the Achaemenids to the Sasanids. » #3354 alireza askari chaverdi, Post-Achaemenid Legacy of the Persian Gulf Hinterland Systematic Survey of Surface Remains from Tomb-e Bot, Fars, Iran, Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia, 2017 ~ p. 127 Tomb-e Bot online reference link [accessed 24 Nov 2024] « Tomb-e Bot is not far from the Persian Gulf, in the plain of Lamerd and Mohr, in south Fars, at latitude of 27°44’268’’ north, and longitude of 52°39’122’’ east, and at an elevation of 500 meters above the sea level, some 60 km northeast of the port of Siraf. » #3358 alireza askari chaverdi, A Stone Human Bust from Tomb-E Bot, Fars, Iran, Parthica, 2016 vol. 18:pp. 143-149 ~ p. 1 Tonges : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087642 coordinate: lat 26.6773 long 55.4491 NIMA/GNS names: Mahalleh-ye Tangaz-e Dulab , Tom Ges , Tomegs , Tonges , Tongsar , تم گس , تنگسر , محله تانگز دولاب , VARIANT names: Tersai , Tersoo , Tonges , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Tonges FOR Iersal [PBR], ※ SOURCE for Tersai « Between Gurán and Básidu are the following villages:- Cháhu, about 7 miles from Gurán, a small scattered village chiefly inhabited by fishermen, about half a mile from the coast, with a date grove to the N.W. of it; this place is opposite Kishkúh hill, already described, and there is a white tomb near it, which is seen from the strait. Dúlu and Tersai, two small villages, with date trees, about 3 miles from the last; the inhabitants are cultivators and fishermen. Kunársiya, a larger place, one mile from the last, and 94 from Básidu point, lies about a mile from the shore, and has a date grove north of it. Neither of these last three are seen from the strait. » #2904 The Persian Gulf Pilot 3rd edition, The Hydrographic Office , Admiralty, London, 1890 ~ p. 224 ※ SOURCE for Tersoo « Tersoo » in {map#1040 Trigonometrical Survey of Clarence’s Strait, Gulf of Persia, Commr. G.B. Brucks and Lieutt. S.B. Haines. H.C. Marine, 1828, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3630/28/2, in Qatar Digital Library} sheet 2 Tonub : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087651 coordinate: lat 30.051811 long 50.178628 NIMA/GNS names: Heydarabad , Tonub , Tonub Seyyed , تنوب , حیدر آباد , VARIANT names: Tonub , ※ SOURCE for Tonub « Traces of the old Dutch fortress at Tonūb, with workshops and other installations, are also still visible (Eqtedāri, 1359 Š./1980, p. 751). » #1189 Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.), Encyclopaedia Iranica, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London and New York, 1985, ~ Deylam, Bandar-E, Vol. VII, Fasc. 3, pp. 335-336 Tooyserkan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087912 coordinate: lat 34.550998 long 48.443531 NIMA/GNS names: Tooyserkan , Tuisarkan , Tuysarkan , Tuyserkan , تویسرکان , تيسركن , VARIANT names: Toʃarcan , Tooyserkan , Tossarkan , Tui Sarkan , ※ SOURCE for Toʃarcan « Toʃarcan » in {map#410 Carte de Perse, Lisle, Guillaume de, 1675-1726; Covens et Mortier, 1742, David Rumsey Map Collection list no: 4638.082} ※ SOURCE for Tossarkan « So we continued on our way for several days, which we merely reckoned, and through places of no importance, till on the eleventh day we reached Tossarkan, (6) a fine city, surrounded by fresh gardens and groves, Owing to its abundant supply of excellent water. We stayed three days in this City, during which the merchants bought and sold. fn. 6 It must have been some ioo miles from Ispahan. It is shown only on early maps, e.g. on a map by de Witt in the Bodleian (N. D.), in one by J. Covans and Corneille Mortier, Paris (N. D.), etc. » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ vol. 2 p. 366 ※ SOURCE for Tui Sarkan « at 13 m. top of gardan of Bāgrābād, 5,650' on the W. side of which is the village of that name. The road then follows the contour of the hills to the right in its descent to the valley beyond-a road branching N.-E. to Tüi Sarkan at 15 m. The village of Parasiab (5,800') is reached at 18 miles. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 666 Topkhana : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2776436 coordinate: lat 36.8333333 long 74.7166667 NIMA/GNS names: Topkhana , VARIANT names: Topkhana , Tor`eh-ye Khowran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STRT UFI: -3071347 coordinate: lat 26.966143 long 55.73937 NIMA/GNS names: Bab-e Clarens , Khowr-e Masageh , Khuran , Tor`eh-ye Khowran , Tor`eh-ye Khvoran , ترعه خوران , خور مساگه , خوران , VARIANT names: Clarence’s Straits , Tor`eh-ye Khowran , ※ SOURCE for Clarence’s Straits « Kishm stretches along the Persian shore, from which it is separated by a cliannel thirteen miles in (maximum) width, but contracting in the middle of its length to three. The channel is studded with islets, and bears in the new charts the designation of Clarence’s Straits. » #1128 Whitelock, Lieut. H. H., Descriptive Sketch of the Islands and Coast at the entrance of the Persian Gulf, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1838 ~ p. 176 ※ SOURCE for Tor`eh-ye Khowran « Tor`eh-ye Khowran » in {map#376 SERIES 1501 AIR SHEET NG 40-2 EDITION 3, National Imagery and Mapping Agency, 1969 rev 1996, ng40-5 } Torbat-e-Heydari : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087658 coordinate: lat 35.274007 long 59.219487 NIMA/GNS names: Torbat-e Heydariyeh , Torbat-e-Heydari , Turbat-i-Haidari , Turbet-i-Haidari , تربت حیدریه , VARIANT names: Torbat-e-Heydari , Torbat-i-Haidari , ※ SOURCE for Torbat-i-Haidari « Turbat is the principal town of a district of that name south of Mash-had, and is distinguished from a second Turbat not far to the eastward, by the affix "Háidari"; this compound meaning the grave of Haidar, one of the holy men of Muhamadan story. It enjoys a climate which, to judge from repute and our own experience, must be fine and bracing, and we had ocular demonstration of the excellence of its soil in the many gardens and corn-fields with which it is surrounded. Cotton is grown, opium cultivated, and silk obtained here; but this year owing to past droughts and scarcity, attention has almost wholly been given to the produce of grain. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 81 Torkchi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087856 coordinate: lat 27.303889 long 56.2925 NIMA/GNS names: Torkchi , Turkuchi , تركچی , توركوچی , VARIANT names: Torkchi , Torsh Ab : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087699 coordinate: lat 30.2939 long 60.6522 NIMA/GNS names: Torsh Ab , Tursh Ab , VARIANT names: Torsh Ab , Turshab , ※ SOURCE for Turshab « The next day we accomplished a bitter cold march of 30 miles N.E. by E., through hills and rocks, encamping at wells in the bed of a stream near Turshab. We had now entered a wild mountainous region, and some of the peaks were of great height and covered with snow. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 69 Tosakan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3395311 coordinate: lat 32.9202778 long 66.6577778 NIMA/GNS names: Tosakan , Towshakan , VARIANT names: Tosakan , tower nr Zarand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.831536 long 56.402288 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: tower nr Zarand , ※ SOURCE for tower nr Zarand described as « historic Mongol tower of the daughter of Hassanabad "Yazdanabad" » in google maps « Under the Dawiran range lies a glittering strip of kavir. A solitary hill breaks the evenness of the plain; it is about 400 feet high, and has a shrine at the top, sacred to one Hayat Bibi, or Lady of Life, of whose history I was not able to discover anything. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 1 pp. 227-8 tower, north of Damidan? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.985593 long 52.365387 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: unknown square tower (≃ 2.5x2.5m) with adjacent enclosure wall ≃ 7x8m VARIANT names: tower, north of Damidan? , town ruins? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.754395 long 52.806789 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: town ruins? , ※ SOURCE for town ruins? see google maps tribe encampment : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.852546 long 52.838715 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: tribe encampment , ※ SOURCE for tribe encampment « In front of the ridge the ground is fairly level, and thence to Maimand the direction is nearly due W. At about 3 miles beyond the ridge two sedentary tribes, the Turkeslü and Gunaki are encamped. The road slopes gently down towards the plain of Maimand which is situated at the foot of a conical hill. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 480 Trucial Coast : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: RGN UFI: -784460 coordinate: lat 24 long 53 NIMA/GNS names: Al Sahil , Arab Coast , Pirate Coast , Sahil `Oman , Sahil `Uman , Sahil as Sulh al Bahri , Shamal , Trucial `Uman , Trucial Coast , Trucial Oman , VARIANT names: costa darabia felis , Trucial Coast , ※ SOURCE for costa darabia felis « costa darabia felis » in {map#834 Eastern Africa, Arabia, and India, Fernão Vaz Dourado, 1550-1575, The Huntington Library HM41 fol11} see PMC vol. 3 EST 269 and AHduGP map 34 Tudaru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087550 coordinate: lat 27.304394 long 54.71013 NIMA/GNS names: Tadrooyeh , Tadruyeh , Todruyeh , Todru'yeh , Tudaran , Tudaru , Tudiran , Tudoran , تدروئيه , تدرويه , VARIANT names: Tudaru , Tuderu , ※ SOURCE for Tuderu « Tuderu » in {map#1203 in #1241 Wilson, Sir Arnold T., Notes on a Journey from Bandar Abbas to Shiraz via Lar, in February and March, 1907, The Geographical Journal, London, 1908 (Feb.) 31:2:152-69 ~ fig. Country between Bandar Abbas abd Siraz} Tudashk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087785 coordinate: lat 32.7207 long 52.6709 NIMA/GNS names: Toodeshk , Tudashk , Tudasht , Tudeshg , Tudeshk , تودشگ , VARIANT names: Morea Shahabad , Tudashk , Tudeshk , ※ SOURCE for Morea Shahabad « location based on distance » « The 15th we came to Morea Shahabad, five p. » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ p. 216 ※ SOURCE for Tudashk « The people remembered General Goldsmid's Mission, which halted here on the 30th November, 1870. What fixed the Mission in their memory was the fancy price, three krans, given by the naturalist, Mr. Blanford, for a fox-skin. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 2 p. 17 ※ SOURCE for Tudeshk « In map Isfahan to Shiraz » #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892, ~ vol. 2 after p. 60 Tudiran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3087550 coordinate: lat 27.304394 long 54.71013 NIMA/GNS names: Tadrooyeh , Tadruyeh , Todruyeh , Todru'yeh , Tudaran , Tudaru , Tudiran , Tudoran , تدروئيه , تدرويه , VARIANT names: Tooderoo , Tudiran , ※ SOURCE for Tooderoo « then on to the village of Tooderoo. Distance, 8 miles. Time, 3 hours 28 minutes.Road good, passable to all arms, and ground to either flank suitable to their movements.About 60 inhabitants here. An unwalled village. Supplies and transport scarce. Water from bourkahs and wells. This village is the last within the Khan of Bastak's territory. It is constantly subject to inroads of Arab robbers, who plunder the village, carrying on all the cattle.I now take up an escort of 17 musketmen. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ p. 9 Tukh Raja : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3081228 coordinate: lat 31.092811 long 56.288281 NIMA/GNS names: Niru'iyeh , Razaviyeh , Rezu , Rizoo'eyeh , Rizu , Rizu'iyeh , Tukh Raja , توخ راج , ريزو , ریزوئيه , نيروئيه , VARIANT names: Tukh Raja , Tul-i Azizi ? : arch. site IRN UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 27.697353 long 52.334767 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tul-i Azizi ? , ※ SOURCE for Tul-i Azizi ? « Tul-i Azizi (also called Kol-i Kalat) is located on a ridge east of the canyon of the Kunarak River about one farsakh from Siraf (the farsakh is a traditional Persian measure of distance: i.e. that traversed in an hour, when one travels by donkey, a farsakh ranges from five to seven kilometres depending on the terrain). Tul-i Azizi is a single building east of the modern track, made of plaster and rubble, standing on a natural mound. The building (8 x 15 m and preserved to a height of 2.5 m) has two, or possibly three rooms, with vaulted roofs and niches in the walls. The angles are oriented to the cardinal points and those to the north and west have three-quarters round buttresses. A doorway with a corbelled arch leads into the central room from the southwest. » #3195 Middle East: Tricontinental Hub: A bibliographic survey, Department of the Army, United States, 1965 ~ pp. 78-9 Tul-kusch : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PASS independent coordinate: lat 28.405902 long 53.372612 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tul-kusch , ※ SOURCE for Tul-kusch « On the wide plateau crossed between the difficult passes of Tul-küsch and Na'l-shikan (4,500 ft.) we saw numerous Qashqai camps, the last to be met in that direction. On the Na'l-shikan pass remains of an old built-up track could be traced, but there were many places where packs could pass only by being manhandled. » #3162 Aurel Stein, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis, British Institute for the Study of Iraq, 1935 ~ p. 132-3 Tullamataki : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.594824 long 53.118542 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tullamataki , ※ SOURCE for Tullamataki « At 8 miles steep descent of an underfeature to low-lying ground. At 9¾ miles village of Tullamataki, lying about 1 mile to north. Small and poor enclosed in mud walls. Half a mile further road crosses fine stream of good water flowing south-east. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 121 Tull-i Charmu (D7) : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 28.173409 long 52.311802 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tull-i Charmu (D7) , ※ SOURCE for Tull-i Charmu (D7) « Tul-i Charmu (D7) is a long limestone ridge extending from the river almost to the mountains, one km south of Gori. The westernmost part of this ridge forms the core of a low mound measuring 300 x 40 m x 3 m high. On the top are some plaster and rubble foundations partially cut into the rock. On the slopes, we found a concentration of painted sherds similar to those at Tal-i Pir and comparable to Middle Susiana wares. Worked flints were also found. On the western end of the limestone ridge, at a place called Obad, were two fire pits" and an astodan cut into the stone surface. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 92 Tull-i Charmu (D7) online reference link [accessed 24 Nov 2024] Tumb-i Pudu (G13) : arch. site IRN UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 27.659376 long 52.667332 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: 113 Tumbi-pudūw تمب پدو , Tumb-i Pudu (G13) , ※ SOURCE for 113 Tumbi-pudūw تمب پدو « 113 in square 54-67 type structure type hill: * » #3373 Dr. Alireza Askari Chavardi, Archaeological Research on the Persian Gulf Coast Lamerd and Mehr Counties, Fars, Subhan Noor, 2013 ~ Tables. ※ SOURCE for Tumb-i Pudu (G13) « Tumb-i Pudu (G13) is a large conical mound, 50 m in diameter and 12 m high. located about 500 m east of the village of Galehdar. There are stone foundations on the top and a great variety of ceramics, including painted wares like Tal-i Pir (Stein 1937: 225), red wares, and bluish green glazed wares (ibid.: 220). » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 89 « The mounds of Shaldun (G10) and Tumb-i Pudu (G13) were probably defensive settlements, but they lack the size and building foundations of the similar mounds of the Jam valley. This un-Sirafi character of the Galehdar valley is surprising, given the ruins along its route, and the possibility of a major Sirafi settlement further down the valley, as suggested by Stein 1937: 217, 221. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 94 Tumb-i Pudu (G13) online reference link [accessed 24 Nov 2024] Tum-i-reg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.031488 long 59.006026 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Tum-i-reg , ※ SOURCE for Tum-i-reg « Leaving Azizabad on the 17th January, we marched 18 miles E. by N. to Kuhar Manzil, and on the day following shifted our camp 4 miles Ε.Ν.Ε. to Tum-i-reg. ... Our camp at Tum-i-reg was pitched just 11 miles on the road. From that point our marches were - Shor Gez, 22 miles Ε.N.Ε. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 68 Turabah : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PPLW UFI: 100478 coordinate: lat 31.4886111 long 47.5322222 NIMA/GNS names: Turabah , VARIANT names: Turabah , ※ SOURCE for Turabah Amara, Qalat Salih, Turaba, Azair and Qurnah all match up with modern populated places in {map#1079 The Marshes, Thesiger, , #120 Thesiger, Wilfred P., The Marsh Arabs, Pengiun Books Ltd., London, 1967 ~} NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.45976 long 49.021058 † basis (disputed, proposed location coordinates) VARIANT names: Turaco , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Turaco AT Khor Doraq lat 30.45976 long 49.021058 [De Lagoa], ※ SOURCE for Turaco « TURACO - 0 Khor Dorak, supomos, em 30° 25' lat. N. e 48° 58' long. E., na região persa de Khuzistan. [João de Barros - Da Asia]. ]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ Corrigenda p. 39 « E da vila Reixete até a foz do rio Eufrates, que será espaço de cinquenta e oito léguas, está a Ilha Cargue, notável neste mar, que distará da terra firme cinco léguas, e da vila Reixete quinze: e mais adiante, seguindo a costa, Mahar onde entra um rio, e depois Dirtau, Ancuza, Turaco, e o Rio Charom, [And from Vila Reixete to the mouth of the river Eufrates, which will be a space of fifty-eight leagues, is Ilha Cargue, remarkable in this sea, which will be five leagues from the mainland, and from Vila Reixete fifteen: and further on, following the coast , Mahar where a river enters, and then Dirtau, Ancuza, Turaco, and the River Charom,] » #810 Barros, Joâo de ed: Cidade, Hernâni, Ásia de João de Barros: dos feitos que os portugueses fizeram no descobrimento e conquista dos mares e terras do Oriente., Agência Geral das Colónias, Lisboa, 1945-1946 ~ p. 317 Turbat : place PAK NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -2776605 coordinate: lat 26.0027778 long 63.0505556 NIMA/GNS names: Turbat , VARIANT names: Turbat , ※ SOURCE for Turbat Fraser, P. M., Cities of Alexander the Great, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1996 map Turkan Pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.020274 long 52.892897 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Cardaneh-i-Turkan , Turkan Pass , ※ SOURCE for Cardaneh-i-Turkan « The track constantly ascends low hills and descends into ravines; at 11 miles commence ascent of Cardaneh-i-Turkān, a narrow winding ravine. At 12 miles reach summit (1,650') whence date grove of Gird Bisheh is visible, bearing 25°, 2 miles off. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 164 ※ SOURCE for Turkan Pass « They are pierced by numerous winding ravines running south to the Pidu Plain: the watershed, north of which the hills drain to the Mund, is not reached till 3 miles south of Gird Bisheh, the point where it is surmounted by the mule track is known as the Turkan Pass (1,650 feet). » #3186 File 4648/1912 'Railway projects in South Persia; surveys of Gulf ports' [?104r] (212/258), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/10/316, in Qatar Digital Library ~ p. 7 Turkish border : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.437291 long 45.92699 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Turkish border , ※ SOURCE for Turkish border « Le même jour, à onze heures et demie da soir, nous partimes avec la caravane, après avoir donné à notre mihmândâr une gratifica-tion. Nous nous séparions de lui; nous allions quitter le territoire ottoman. ... After about two hours of walking, we reach the edge of Turkish territory. ... The limits are marked only by a small stream, which was then dry [That same day, at eleven thirty in the evening, we left with the caravan, after giving our mihmandar a gratuity. We were parting from him; we were about to leave Ottoman territory. ... After about two hours of walking, we reached the edge of Turkish territory. ... The limits are marked only by a small stream, which was then dry.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 228-9 Turkish fort Bubiyan : place KWT NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.768949 long 48.372644 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Turkish fort Bubiyan , ※ SOURCE for Turkish fort Bubiyan « Turkish fort Bubiyan » in {map#1033 Asia. Persian Gulf [173r], Guy, Brucks, Constable, Stiffe, 1933, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3924, f 173, in Qatar Digital Library} « Old Turkish Fort » located in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Bushire 444D Turkish fort Shat-el-Arab : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.945243 long 48.520621 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Turkish fort Shat-el-Arab , ※ SOURCE for Turkish fort Shat-el-Arab « Turkish fort Shat-el-Arab » in {map#1033 Asia. Persian Gulf [173r], Guy, Brucks, Constable, Stiffe, 1933, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3924, f 173, in Qatar Digital Library} « Turkish fort Shat-el-Arab » in {map#1104 The Shat-Al-'Arab. Traced from the Admiralty Chart. [?19r] (1/2), , 1897, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/18/B112, f 19, in Qatar Digital Library} part of « 'Note on the Turkish Fort at Fao on the Shat-el-Arab. (With Sketch Map of the Shat-el-Arab.) 1883 to 1897.' [?18v] (2/18), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/18/B112, in Qatar Digital Library » Turshaikh : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none, coordinates given coordinate: lat 35.38614263 long 62.97955034 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Turshaikh , ※ SOURCE for Turshaikh « 2273. TURSHAIKH Original: Lat. 35º 240 N, long. 62º 570 E. Map 44. Revised: 35.38614263 N, 62.97955034 E / 35º 230 10.11345468 N, 62º 580 46.38123876 E. Herat Province. On the Ab-i Garm north-east of Kushk just before the Turkmenistan border Description: Ruins of a large, old baked brick caravanserai with a domed cistern and ruined village. Fieldwork: 1886 Peacocke, ABC—topographical survey. Source: Peacocke 1887a: 268—mention. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 452 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.043661 long 56.493064 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Torumbac , Torumbaque , Torumpaque , Turumbaca , Turumbaque , Turunbagh , ※ SOURCE for Torumbac « TORUMBAC, lugar de-v. Turumbaque, povoação de. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 228 ※ SOURCE for Torumbaque « Lors de l’attaque d‘Albuquerque, en 1507, on voit des “marchands honorables et bedonnants” gravir les pentes pour y chercher refuge (107). Hormis quelques retraits fréquentés par les anachorètes, le seul endroit de l'île qui fût habité en dehors de la plaine d'Ormuz était le lieu dit “turm” (108), à une lieue au sud-est, tout près de la mer (109). De ses hauteurs, les vigies guettaient les navires arrivant de l'Inde (110). Le pavillon des rois, qui allaient parfois à “Torumbaque” en partie de chasse (111), des arbustes et un bouquet de pal- miers (112), une carrière qui fournit à Albuquerque les pierres de sou- bassement du fort portugais (113), les vertus purgatives de la source, y suscitaient la présence de quelques habitants, d'estivants et de curistes (114). L'ancien jardin royal verdoie aujourd'hui encore au milieu des rochers, arrosé par ces mêmes puits qu'Albuquerque, en 1507, avait tenté de combler. fn. 107 Cast., 11/61, p. 346. fn. 108 Le nom (aussi “Torunpaque”, “Turumbaque”, etc.) n'est pas clair. Schwarz, Hurmuz, p. 536, note 1, propose de lire turung-bag, jardin des citronniers; on a pro- posé aussi Turan-bāg, jardin de Turan(-Šah). J'ai entendu surplace en 1953 Tolom- bak, la petite pompe. Stack, Six months in Persia, Londres 1882, I, p. 19, donne une forme erronée “Tamberlake”. fn. 109 La localisation de Barros, II/2-5, p. 71, est très exacte; de même celle de Castan- heda, II/69, p. 370. Localisation fautive sur le croquis de Eqtedâri, p. 684. fn. 110 Titolo das remdas, p. 224. Brás, 1/37, p. 138, affirme que du port de Turum- baque on peut voir le cap Masandam (Il est visible des sommets de l'ile, Whitelock, P. 171). fn. 111 Barros, II/10-7, p. 455. fn. 112 Figueroa, I, P. 254. fn. 113 Barros, II/2-4, p. 66. fn. 114 Brás, I/47, p. 174; Figueroa, I, p. 254. J. de Morgan, II, p. 288, signale des ruines. Lorimer, II, p. 747, fait état de ruins of what appears to have been a small town, ce qui paraît tout à fait injustifié par la documentation textuelle.[During the attack on Albuquerque in 1507, we see “honourable, paunchy merchants” climbing the slopes to seek refuge there (107). Apart from a few retreats frequented by anchorites, the only place on the island that was inhabited outside the plain of Hormuz was the place called “Torumbaque” (108), one league to the south-east, very close to the sea. (109). From its heights, lookouts watched for ships arriving from India (110). The pavilion of the kings, who sometimes went to “Torumbaque” on a hunting trip (111), shrubs and a clump of palm trees (112), a quarry that provided Albuquerque with the foundation stones of the Portuguese fort (113 ), the purgative virtues of the spring, aroused the presence of a few inhabitants, summer visitors and curists (114). The old royal garden is still verdant today in the middle of the rocks, watered by the same wells that Albuquerque, in 1507, had tried to fill. fn. 107 Cast., 11/61, p. 346. fn. 108 The name (also “Torunpaque”, “Turumbaque”, etc.) is unclear. Schwarz, Hurmuz, p. 536, note 1, suggests reading turung-bag, lemon garden; Turan-bāg, garden of Turan(-Šah) has also been proposed. I heard on the spot in 1953 Tolombak, the little pump. Stack, Six months in Persia, London 1882, I, p. 19, gives an erroneous form “Tamberlake”. fn. 109 The location of Barros, II/2-5, p. 71, is very exact; likewise that of Castanheda, II/69, p. 370. Faulty location on the sketch by Eqtedâri, p. 684. fn. 110 Titolo das remdas, p. 224. Bras, 1/37, p. 138, asserts that from the port of Turumbaque Cape Masandam can be seen (It is visible from the summits of the island, Whitelock, p. 171). fn. 111 Barros, II/10-7, p. 455. fn. 112 Figueroa, I, p. 254. fn. 113 Barros, II/2-4, p. 66. fn. 114 Bras, I/47, p. 174; Figueroa, I, p. 254. J. de Morgan, II, p. 288, reports ruins. Lorimer, II, p. 747, refers to ruins of what appears to have been a small town, which seems completely unjustified by the textual documentation. ] » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ pp. 96-7 ※ SOURCE for Torumpaque « TORUMPAQUE, povoação de-v. Turumbaque, povoação de. [Pedro Teixeira-Relações de...]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 228 ※ SOURCE for Turumbaca « TURUMBACA, povoação de-v. Turumbaque, povoação de. [João de Barros-Da Asia]. ]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 241 ※ SOURCE for Turumbaque « TURUMBAQUE, povoação de-Povoação da ilha de Ormuz (27° 05 lat. N. e 56° 18' long. E.) denominada Trumpak ou Turum Bagh nas cartas modernas. [Gaspar Correia-Lendas da India]. » #2603 Visconde De Lagoa, Glossario Toponimico Da Antiga Historiografia Portuguesa Ultramarina, Oficina Grafica, Casa Portuguesa Rua Das Gaveas, 1953 ~ vol. O-Z p. 241 ※ SOURCE for Turunbagh «One other ruin of the Arab city remains to be entioned, viz., the king's palace or Túrun-bágh, on the south-east corner. This is described as the "fairest of all--there, upon a plain between the hills and the sea, you see a country seat of the old kings Ormuz, adorned with groves of palm trees and two large cisterns for water." The ruins of buildings and of water channels for irrigation are to be seen here, which is the only point on the hilly part of the island where ratified rocks are found, and which is free from the all-pervading salt deposits. » #252 Stiffe, A. W., The Island of Hormuz (Ormuz), Geographical Magazine, London, 1874 (Apr.) 1:12-17 ~ p. 13 and « Ruins of Tarun-bagh » in the accompanying drawing of Hormuz Island. Tushan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 10950622 coordinate: lat 27.306785 long 55.175501 NIMA/GNS names: Tishu , Tushan , توشان , تیشو , VARIANT names: Tushan , Tutak : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3759500 coordinate: lat 30.2779 long 53.9911 NIMA/GNS names: Tutak , Tutak , توتک , VARIANT names: Aravirjun , Bala Bayan , Tutak , ※ SOURCE for Aravirjun « After clearing the Khára oasis, which is bisected by a fine stream, we entered the Kavir, on the edge of which stands the tiny hamlet of Sorghin, owned by an Arab; we thence left the salt expanse to the east, and rode along the skirt of the hills, halting at two villages termed Árávirjun (1), which lie close together. Towards the end of the fifteenth century, the Venetian traveller Josafa Barbaro apparently passed this way to Yezd, fn. 1 The Bala Bayan of Lord Curzon's map. » #1631 Sykes, Major P. Molesworth, Ten thousand miles in Persia or eight years in Iran, John Murray, London, 1902, ~ p. 79 ※ SOURCE for Bala Bayan « Bala Bayan » in {map#1221 in #1116 Curzon, George N., Persia and the Persian Question, Cass: Longmans Green and Co, 1966: 1892 ~ fig. Persia, Afchanistan and Beluchistan.} Typ Senakhet km 121 (Pohanka) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.246111 long 54.456424 Supplement: approximately external 16x16m internal courtyard 11x11m barrel roof 3m wide all 4 sides VARIANT names: Typ Senakhet km 121 (Pohanka) , ※ SOURCE for Typ Senakhet km 121 (Pohanka) « An der safavidischen Straße über den Garda- neh-e Burkah, die noch einige der von Gemel- li-Carreri erwähnten Stützmauern erkennen läßt, stehen bei km 115 und km 121 im freien Gelände weitere Bauten vom Typ Senakhet, [On the Safavid road over the Garda-neh-e Burkah, which still shows some of the retaining walls mentioned by Gemelli-Carreri, there are further buildings of the Senakhet type in the open area at km 115 and km 121.] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 308 Typ Senakhet km 80 (Pohanka) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.402478 long 54.249329 Supplement: approximately 16x16m external. 9x9m internal courtyard. VARIANT names: Typ Senakhet km 80 (Pohanka) , ※ SOURCE for Typ Senakhet km 80 (Pohanka) « Weitere Bauten vom Typ Senakhet finden sich isoliert stehend bei km 62 nahe dem seit dem Mittelalter durch seine Schwefelquellen be- kannten Ort Fathura, bei km 68, km 72 und in Anweh bei km 80. Anweh dürfte das von Ge- melli-Carreri beschriebene Anoe" sein, das von ihm erwähnte Karavanserail hat sich nicht erhalten, ebenso wie ein von Hedges genann- tes in Sheikh Hozur bei km 103 (56). Zwischen Anweh und Sheikh Hozur liegen noch zwei weitere Karavanserails vom Typ Senakhet im Ort Lar-Deh-Maya und isoliert stehend bei km 101. [Other buildings of the Senakhet type can be found standing in isolation at km 62 near the town of Fathura, which has been known since the Middle Ages for its sulphur springs, at km 68, km 72 and in Anweh at km 80. Anweh is probably the "Anoe" described by Gemelli-Carreri; the caravanserai mentioned by him has not survived, nor has one mentioned by Hedges in Sheikh Hozur at km 103 (56). Between Anweh and Sheikh Hozur there are two other caravanserai of the Senakhet type in the town of Lar-Deh-Maya and standing in isolation at km 101.] » #3240 Pohanka, R, Karawanenwege und Karavanserails in Laristan: Die Strassenabschnitte Lar-Djahrom, Lar-Khundj and Lar-Bastak., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1984 vol. 17:pp. 285-308 ~ p. 302 « At 2½ miles the stony dry bed of a river is crossed at a point where its stream flows underground; the banks are slight and easy. At 2¾miles a caravanserai and a cistern are passed on the left of the road. At 3½ miles a cistern. The road now passes under a ridge about three hundred feet high on its left, and the hills on the right approach. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 61 Ujan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3069601 coordinate: lat 30.455163 long 52.55698 NIMA/GNS names: Kannas , Kannas-e Sofla , Kenas-e Pa'in , Kenas-e Sofla , Ujan , کناس سفلی , VARIANT names: O-jone , Ugian , Ujan , Ujon , Yeioone , ※ SOURCE for O-jone « Next night we lodgd (flept I cannot fay) in o-jone, a village of thirty Families, all of them Prophets or Prophets children. We ever found leaft profit, where Prophets dwelt, no wine nor grapes allowd to grow amongst them; not that wine is bad, but out of a Tradition they have, that it is the blood of thoſe Gyants that warr'd against the Gods. Next day we rode over moft craggy, steep, and terrible high hills, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 147 ※ SOURCE for Ugian « Erano intorno a tre ore di notte quando noi partimmo, e la domenica del dieci di ottobre con poco cammino di solo quattro leghe, la mattina all' alba, arrivammo a riposare nel caravanserai, cominciato a fab-bricare, ma non finito, di una villa chiamata Ugian, le rendite della quale sono dedicate alla sepoltura che ivi è di tin principe de'tempi addietro della casa reale, detto per nome sultah Seid Ahmed, che passando una volta di là, per caso vi mori, e fa sepolto in quel luogo [It was about three o'clock at night when we set out, and on Sunday the tenth of October, after a short journey of only four leagues, at dawn in the morning, we arrived to rest in the caravanserai, begun to build, but not finished, of a villa called Ugian, the revenues of which are dedicated to the burial that is there of a prince of former times of the royal house, called by name Sultan Seid Ahmed, who once passing that way, by chance died there, and is buried in that place.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 243 ※ SOURCE for Ujon « Le 10, je partis de Haspas, et après quatre lieues de chemin, que je ne fis qu'en six heures, quoique j'allasse bon train, et que le chemin fùt plein et uni, j'arrivai à Ujon (1), village de cinquante maisons, situé sur le bord d'une rivière, qui est fort grosse et fort rapide durant l'hiver, et dangereuse à passer à cause des inon-dations qu'elle fait de tous côtés. On voit au bout méridional une petite mosquée carrée, avec des jardins à l'entour, dans laquelle est le tombeau de Sultan Sahied Ahmedfn. 1 Oùdjann est situé, suivant la manière de compter de P. della Valle à quatre lieues d'Asapas; Thévenot compte quatre aghatch entre ces deux villages. Ce voyageur et Tavernier ne purent loger dans le karavanserây d'Oudjaun, à cause de sa saleté et de l'odeur infecte qu'y répandoient les charognes dispersées dans le voisinage. P. della Valle prononce Vadján, mais je crois que la prononciation indiquée par Chardin, et rectifiée quant à l'orthographe dans cette note, est la meilleure; elle se trouve confirmée par le texte de la relation de D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa (pag. 167 et 341), qui écrit Ugion. P. della Valle (t. IV, p.305) nomme le prince inhumé dans cet endroit, sulthan Ahhmed Seid, et dit que c'etoit le fils du fanteux Ismael Sséfy. Thévenot (t. IV. p. 426) dit simplement que c'est le fils d'un roi appelé châh Zadeh Kaûser îmani Dja'fer, qu'ils tien-nent pour saint: en effet, l'hermite ou dervych de la mosquée vint trouver D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa, et lui apprit que quantité d'hommes et de femmes malades, aveugles, boiteux, y recouvroient la santé par l'intercession de ce grand saint, dont les miracles étoient consignés sur un grand registre bien paraphé. (L-s.) [On the 10th, I left Haspas, and after four leagues of travel, which I covered in only six hours, although I was going at a good pace, and the road was full and smooth, I arrived at Ujon (1), a village of fifty houses, located on the banks of a river, which is very large and rapid during the winter, and dangerous to cross because of the floods it causes on all sides. At the southern end, one can see a small square mosque, with surrounding gardens, in which is the tomb of Sultan Sahied Ahmed.fn. 1 Oùdjann is located, according to P. della Valle's method of reckoning, four leagues from Asapas; Thévenot counts four aghatch between these two villages. This traveler and Tavernier could not stay in the karavanserây of Oudjaun, because of its filth and the foul odor spread there by the carrion scattered in the vicinity. P. della Valle pronounces Vadján, but I believe that the pronunciation indicated by Chardin, and corrected as to the spelling in this note, is the best; it is confirmed by the text of the account of D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa (pages 167 and 341), who writes Ugion. P. della Valle (vol. IV, p.305) names the prince buried in this place, Sultan Ahhmed Seid, and says that he was the son of the fantastic Ismael Sséfy. Thévenot (t. IV. p. 426) simply says that he is the son of a king called shah Zadeh Kaûser îmani Dja'fer, whom they consider a saint: in fact, the hermit or dervych of the mosque came to find D. Garcias de Silva Figueroa, and told him that many sick, blind, and lame men and women were recovering their health through the intercession of this great saint, whose miracles were recorded in a large, well-initialed register. (L-s.)] » #3213 Sir John Chardin, ed. Louis Langlès, Voyages du Chevalier Chardin en Perse et autres lieux de l’Orient, Paris, 1811 ~ vol. 8 p. 226-7 ※ SOURCE for Yeioone « The 20th daye we came to Yeioone [Ujan], 20 a litle towne wher the Kinges Vncl (1) is intoomed, wher we picht and bayeted boa.th or selfes and or horses, hauing traveled 4 1ges. of playne sandi waye. Here is good water. fn.1 Probably Shah Isma'il II. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 75 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 23.183 long 75.833 VARIANT names: Ujjain , ※ SOURCE for Ujjain owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Ujjain, 75.833, 23.183, IN, nkn, exact, 171, tmcIRa0100_029a » Ujvali : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 29.559327 long 52.588477 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Aujuar , Ocfiwat , Ochiar , Ofiwaar , Oudgeval , Ousjouael , Udgewally , Ujvali , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Ujvali FOR halt before Shiraz (Herbert) [], ※ SOURCE for Aujuar « Aujuar » in {map#1231 ‘Sketch of Lieut. Snodgrass’s Route from Bushire to Shiraz, via Feruzabad, A.D. 1810’, , , [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3118, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Ocfiwat « Den 7. dito vertrokken wy van Sjiraas, hadden een goeden weg, en rondom ons veel dorpen. In 't dorp Ocfiwat komende, nam een Pater Carmelier, benevens eenige andere (zyn Ed: uitgeley gcdaan hebbende) met alle beleefdheid afſcheid. Zagen ter linker zyde van ons een groot beſloten Meer, komende van alle kanten van 't gebergte als in een kom daar in vloejen. [On the 7th we left Shiraas, had a good road, and many villages around us. Arriving in the village of Ocfiwat, a Father Carmelier, together with several others (having explained his Ed) took leave with all politeness. On our left side we saw a large enclosed lake, flowing into it from all sides of the mountain as if in a bowl.] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 263 ※ SOURCE for Ochiar « Dos oras antes de ponerse el sol se llegò, á vista de la çiudad de Xiras, á un lugarito que está una legua della, que llaman Ochiar, á donde paró la ca??uana, queriendo el Enbaxador estar alli hasta saber si le tenian casa acomodada para toda su familia, por auerse de detener en esta çiudad dos ó tres meses, [Two hours before sunset he arrived, within sight of the city of Xiras, at a little place one league away from it, which they call Ochiar, where the boat stopped, the Enbaxador wanting to be there until he knew if they had a place for him. his entire family, for being forced to stay in this city for two or three months,] » #3245 García de Silva y Figueroa, Manuel Serrano y Sanz, Comentarios De D. Garcia De Silva Y Figueroa De La Embajada Que De Parte Del Rey De España Don Felipe III Hizo Al Rey Xa Abas De Persia, La Spciedad de Bibliofilos Espanoles, Madrid, 1905 ~ vol. 1 p. 331 ※ SOURCE for Ofiwaar « Den s. dito ging zyn Ed: ten z uuren 's nagts te peerd zitten, en na dat hy 2 mylen verre. gereden had quam de , Calenter van 't dorp Ofiwaar [On the s. ditto his Ed: went to sit on horseback at so late at night, and after he had ridden two miles, the Calenter arrived from the village of Ofiwaar] » #2655 Francois Valentyn, Oud en nieuw Oost-Indien vervattende een naaukeurige en uitvoerige verhandelinge van Nederlands mogentheyd in die gewesten, benevens eene wydlustige beschryvinge der Moluccos ...,, Joannes van Braam, 1726, ~ vol. 5 p. 274 ※ SOURCE for Oudgeval « Half an hour after Nine, we had on our Left Hand a large Village, called Oudgeval, by which runs a Rivulet » #1574 Thévenot, Jean de, The travels of Monsieur de Thévenot into the Levant : in three parts, viz. into I. Turkey, II. Persia, III. The East-Indies / newly done out of French., Printed by H. Clark for H. Faithorne [etc.], 1687 ~ vol. 2 p.126 ※ SOURCE for Ousjouael « Van waar noch twee uuren verder door vlacke en, vermits de regen, seer beslikte diepe wegh, gantsch nat van 't overmatigh vallent hemel- water, in't dorp Ousjouael, [From where we continued for another two hours through valleys and, since the rain was very muddy, deep, completely wet from the excessive rainwater falling, in the village of Ousjouael,] » #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ p. 84 ※ SOURCE for Udgewally « which brought us onwards to Siras Twelve Miles more, viz. to the Beggars-Garden (but one Pharsang short of the City) called Udgewally (1). fn. 1 Not found in the maps. The description suggests to Prof. Browne the Haft-tan garden near Shiraz, described by him (A Year amongst the Persians, 285 f.). » #1591 Fryer, John M. D., A New Account of East-India and Persia in eight letters being nine years travel (Edited, with notes and an introduction, by William Crooke), Hakluyt Society:Kraus Reprint, 1909:1967, 3 vols. ~ vol. 2 p. 209 ※ SOURCE for Ujvali « The bridge was in need of repair, and was linked on both sides by a causeway, (77) at the left of which a lake was situated. An alternative route was via the village of Ujval. Having passed over a bridge half-way, one arrived after five farsakhs at the karavansaray of Baba Hadji. Ketelaar wrote that in the village of Ujval he camped in a walled garden where a saint's tomb was located. (78) fn.78 Kaempfer, Reisetagebücher, p. 111 (Pylli Pessa); Speelman, pp. 83-4 (Ousjouael); Fryer, vol. II, p. 209 (the Beggards- Garden called Udgewally); Valentijn, vol. V, p. 284 (Oesiwat; Osiwar); KA 1793, fol. 999 (Oudsjou alla); de Silva y Figueroa, p. 105 (Ochiar). The lake refers to the Darya-i Mahalu, a salt lake, where there was also a karavansaray. p. 351. Jean Aubin (ed. and tr.), L'Ambassade de Gregorio Pereira Fidalgo à la cour de Chah Soltan Hosseyn 1696-1692 (Lisbon, 1971), pp. 42-3 (Uxuan). fn.77 Valentijn, vol. V, p. 284 (Polisasa); Speelman, p. 84; (Poulisesa) Thevenot, vol. II, p. 127. The eight or ten-arched bridge is the Pul-i Fasa. There was also a karavansaray built by a rich Shirazi widow; de Silva y Figueroa, pp. 104, 351. » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 75 NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -784510 coordinate: lat 25.56473 long 55.555166 NIMA/GNS names: Um al Quweim , Umm al Qaiwain , Umm al Qawain , Umm al Qaywayn , Yumul al Quwain , أم القيوين , VARIANT names: Umm al Qaiwain , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Omm al-Gowain FOR Melugan [Tomaschek], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Umm al Qaiwain FOR Millicoe [Potts], Umm al-Nar : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: ISL UFI: -784517 coordinate: lat 24.442477 long 54.509478 NIMA/GNS names: `Umm al-Nar , Jazirat Umm an Nar , Umm an Nar , أم النار , VARIANT names: Umm al-Nar , ※ SOURCE for Umm al-Nar « Umm al-Nar, (UAE) 24° 57' N 54° 49' E" » #429 Roaf, Michael, Cultural Atlas of Mesopotamia and the Ancient Near East, Facts on File Publications, New York, 1996, pp. 79, 98 « Umm al-Nar » #411 Whitehouse, David and Ruth, Archaeological Atlas of the World, Thames and Hudson Ltd, London, 1975 ~ p.85 Umm Sila : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.863474 long 51.51666 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Omm-Silah , Sila , Umm Sila , ※ SOURCE for Omm-Silah « Einwärts vom flachen Vorsprung Sar-Mutaf finden wir die Sandinsel Omm al-Kuram,Mutter der Mangroven und die kleine Omm-Silah; [Inward from the flat spur of Sar-Mutaf we find the sandy island of Omm al-Kuram, mother of the mangroves, and the small Omm-Silah;] » #2591 Wilhelm Tomaschek, Topographische Erläuterung der Küstenfahrt Nearchs vom Indus bis zum Euphrat, In Commission bei F. Tempsky, Wien, 1890, vol. 121:issue 8: ~ p. 59 ※ SOURCE for Sila « Sila » in {map#1016 Persian Gulf. Western Sheet, Constable and Stiffe, 1917, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3828/2837b} ※ SOURCE for Umm Sila « Umm Sila » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection} Kangan 547B [coordinates based on above map as no NIMA/GNS dataset available. PBR] under rock : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.936395 long 45.89913 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: under rock , unknown building : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.22813 long 52.591085 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: 105x75m, round towers at four corners, middle of north west side and either side of south west side gate VARIANT names: unknown building , unknown building : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.226062 long 52.600124 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: 103x83m round towers at four corners, middle of south west side and either side of south east side gate VARIANT names: unknown building , unknown building : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.242982 long 52.583444 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: near to Hasanabad VARIANT names: unknown building , ※ SOURCE for unknown building [walled buiding 87x55m, bastions at four corners and mid NE and SW walls, opening SE wall] PBR unknown fort : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 30.392742 long 48.464418 VARIANT names: unknown fort , ※ SOURCE for unknown fort « unknown fort adjacent to Nahr-e Soleimaniyeh canal » in {map#1085 Series 1404 World 1:500,000, Great Britain War Office and Air Ministry, 1958-, 1958, The Perry-Castañeda Library (PCL) Map Collection fig. Ahwaz-444-A} unknown K. ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.548926 long 56.895166 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: unknown K. ? , Urchin pass : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.472116 long 51.750784 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: The GNS coordinate of Gardaneh-ye Urchini is located 9 km SE of this coordinate. VARIANT names: Urchin pass , ※ SOURCE for Urchin pass « The road through the pass is rather steep, the rock in places, as implied in the name Urchin, being cut into steps. It would not be impossible to drag guns over it, but I heard there is a better road known as the Camel Road, avoiding the pass. A watch-tower and abambar of good water at the top of the pass are reached at 13 miles. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 187 Uwayrib (SHS4) (SHS4) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ497874 converted to coordinate: lat 21.5721145662208 long 59.411393560108 VARIANT names: Uwayrib (SHS4) (SHS4) , ※ SOURCE for Uwayrib (SHS4) (SHS4) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 Uwayrib (SHS5) (SHS5) : arch. site OMN UTM: GJ492867 converted to coordinate: lat 21.5658654597087 long 59.4064638500851 VARIANT names: Uwayrib (SHS5) (SHS5) , ※ SOURCE for Uwayrib (SHS5) (SHS5) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 289 V02 : arch. site IRN UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 29.5 long 52 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: V02 , ※ SOURCE for V02 « Other variants: none Details: The site was apparently discarded (Williamson, 1969: 6) though the location of the site has been plotted (Whitcomb, 1979: 368). The Site Card is marked with the caption 'from prehistoric site painted’. No. of sherds: 4 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V1 Mansuraba d : arch. site IRN UTM: 5229, 2942 converted to coordinate: lat 29.7 long 52.4833333333333 VARIANT names: V1 Mansuraba d , ※ SOURCE for V1 Mansuraba d « Other variants: none Details: More than one location is listed for Mansurabad, but only one of these falls within the relevant region. The location of this is given (USBGN: 336). The Site Card for V1 is marked with the caption ‘plus two outcrops before it’. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V10 Q. Gabr Ghir : arch. site IRN UTM: 5303, 2829 converted to coordinate: lat 28.4833333333333 long 53.05 VARIANT names: V10 Q. Gabr Ghir , ※ SOURCE for V10 Q. Gabr Ghir « Other variants: Qaleh Gabr Qir Details: See V8. The site name suggests that this is a tomb by the fort of Ghir. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V13 Nauruzan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5245, 2912 converted to coordinate: lat 29.2 long 52.75 VARIANT names: V13 Nauruzan , ※ SOURCE for V13 Nauruzan « Other variants: Nowruzan Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Nowruzan, is listed and the location of this is given (USBGN: 380). No. of sherds: 13 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V14 Nauruzan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5245, 2912 converted to coordinate: lat 29.2 long 52.75 VARIANT names: V14 Nauruzan , ※ SOURCE for V14 Nauruzan « Other variants: Nowruzan Details: See V13. No. of sherds: 55 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V15 Nauruzan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5245, 2912 converted to coordinate: lat 29.2 long 52.75 VARIANT names: V15 Nauruzan , ※ SOURCE for V15 Nauruzan « Other variants: Nowruzan Details: See V8. Presumably the place name is Qaleh Paribn Ghir. No. of sherds: 8 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V16 Garzine Gadim : arch. site IRN UTM: 5309, 2827 converted to coordinate: lat 28.45 long 53.15 VARIANT names: V16 Garzine Gadim , ※ SOURCE for V16 Garzine Gadim « Other variants: karzin Gadim Details: Gadim means old, so the town is Old Garzine, which is Located 8km West of Qir on the main road from Qir to Jahrom and Firuzabad (FIJ, 1951: 180). An equivalent version of the place name Garzine is listed, Karzin (USBGN: 269), and a location estimated from this point and the FIJ description has been given. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V17 Mubarakabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5357, 2916 converted to coordinate: lat 29.2666666666667 long 53.95 VARIANT names: V17 Mubarakabad , ※ SOURCE for V17 Mubarakabad « Other variants: none Details: More than one location is listed for Mubarakabad, but only one of these falls within the relevant region. The location of this is given by USBGN (364). No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V18 Mubarakabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5357, 2916 converted to coordinate: lat 29.2666666666667 long 53.95 VARIANT names: V18 Mubarakabad , ※ SOURCE for V18 Mubarakabad « Other variants: none Details: See V17. No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V2 Qaleh Mansuraba d : arch. site IRN UTM: 5229, 2942 converted to coordinate: lat 29.7 long 52.4833333333333 VARIANT names: V2 Qaleh Mansuraba d , ※ SOURCE for V2 Qaleh Mansuraba d « Other variants: none Details: See V1. No. of sherds: 14 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V21 Biriz : arch. site IRN UTM: 5409, 2752 converted to coordinate: lat 27.8666666666667 long 54.15 VARIANT names: V21 Biriz , ※ SOURCE for V21 Biriz « Other variants: Beriz Details: An equivalent version of the place name, given as Beriz, can be identified as a village in the central part of the province of Lar, located 36km Northwest of Lar, on the road from Lar to Jahrom (FIJ, 1951: 28). The location of Beriz is given by USBGN (72). No. of sherds: 13 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V22 Hurmuzo : arch. site IRN UTM: 5344, 2833 converted to coordinate: lat 28.55 long 53.7333333333333 VARIANT names: V22 Hurmuzo , ※ SOURCE for V22 Hurmuzo « Other variants: Hormuj Details: The place name Hormuzo could be Hormuj though the two are rather different. Hormuj is located in the Jahrom area 14km Southwest of Qotbabad (FIJ, 1951: 240). The location of Hormuj is marked (Adamec, 1989: Map Sheet 46-B). No. of sherds: 8 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V24 Qasr Ahmet : arch. site IRN UTM: 5246, 2910 converted to coordinate: lat 29.1666666666667 long 52.7666666666667 VARIANT names: V24 Qasr Ahmet , ※ SOURCE for V24 Qasr Ahmet « Other variants: Qasr-e Ahmad, Qasr Ahmad Details: Equivalent versions of the place name, including Qasr-e Ahmad and Qasr Ahmad are listed and their location is given (USBGN: 430). No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V25 T. Gulbiranji : arch. site IRN UTM: 5316, 2855 converted to coordinate: lat 28.9166666666667 long 53.2666666666667 VARIANT names: V25 T. Gulbiranji , ※ SOURCE for V25 T. Gulbiranji « Other variants: Tepe Gel Berenji Details: The site is situated in the sub-district of Khafr in the district of Jahrom, 7.5km Southeast of Bab-e Anar (FIJ, 1951: 202). An equivalent version of the place name, Tepe Gel Berenji, is marked (Adamec, 1989: Map Sheet 46- A). No. of sherds: 2 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V3 Mansuraba d : arch. site IRN UTM: 5229, 2942 converted to coordinate: lat 29.7 long 52.4833333333333 VARIANT names: V3 Mansuraba d , ※ SOURCE for V3 Mansuraba d « Other variants: none Details: See V1. The Site Card for V3 is marked with the caption ‘just beyond Mansurabad ?...site’. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V31 Shahabad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5305, 2815 converted to coordinate: lat 28.25 long 53.0833333333333 VARIANT names: V31 Shahabad , ※ SOURCE for V31 Shahabad « Other variants: none Details: More than one location is listed for Shahabad, but only one of these falls within the relevant region. The location of this is given (USBGN: 484). No. of sherds: 13 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V32 T. Qaleh Bakird : arch. site IRN UTM: 5337, 2752 converted to coordinate: lat 27.8666666666667 long 53.6166666666667 VARIANT names: V32 T. Qaleh Bakird , ※ SOURCE for V32 T. Qaleh Bakird « Other variants: Bakhard, Bigherd Details: An equivalent version of the place name, Bakhard, is listed, however the Easting given of 5338 (USBGN: 54) is marked differently at Bigherd on the TPC (Sheet H-7D). The latter source is more recent and therefore the TPC location has been given. No. of sherds: 27 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V4 Qaleh Mansura- bad : arch. site IRN UTM: 5229, 2942 converted to coordinate: lat 29.7 long 52.4833333333333 VARIANT names: V4 Qaleh Mansura- bad , ※ SOURCE for V4 Qaleh Mansura- bad « Other variants: none Details: See V1. No. of sherds: 10 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V8 Ghir : arch. site IRN UTM: 5302, 2828 converted to coordinate: lat 28.4666666666667 long 53.0333333333333 VARIANT names: V8 Ghir , ※ SOURCE for V8 Ghir « Other variants: Qir Details: The location of Ghir is given as 72km South of Firuzabad (FIJ, 1951: 179). An equivalent version of the place name, Qir, is marked (TPC Sheet H- TA). No. of sherds: 27 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 V9 Q. Qaleh Ghir : arch. site IRN UTM: 5303, 2829 converted to coordinate: lat 28.4833333333333 long 53.05 VARIANT names: V9 Q. Qaleh Ghir , ※ SOURCE for V9 Q. Qaleh Ghir « Other variants: Qir Details: See V8. Ademec notes that "above the village [of Qir] stands an earthen fort...", which is presumably the Qaleh of Qir (1989: 603). No. of sherds: 78 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Vahbashk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3088005 coordinate: lat 28.4379 long 53.1454 NIMA/GNS names: Vahbashk , Vajeshk , Wajeshk , وجشک , وحبشک , VARIANT names: Vahbashk , Vijeshkh , ※ SOURCE for Vijeshkh « Village Vijeshkh 1½ mile distant 240° ... All possessing groves of palms. » #3038 Keith E. Abbott, Notes Taken on a Journey Eastwards from Shiráz to Fessá and Darab, Thence Westwards by Jehrúm to Kazerún, in 1850, The Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London, London, 1857 ~ p. 168 Vakilabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3197370 coordinate: lat 28.928037 long 54.050953 NIMA/GNS names: Vakilabad , وکیل آباد , VARIANT names: Vakelabad , Vakilabad , ※ SOURCE for Vakelabad « Vakelabad » in {map#1192 in #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ fig. Map showing road from Shiraz to Jashk sheet 1} Vakilabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: 10444771 coordinate: lat 28.3327 long 56.7822 NIMA/GNS names: Vakilabad , وکیل آباد , VARIANT names: Vakilabad , Valiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 14803970 coordinate: lat 29.395644 long 51.838435 NIMA/GNS names: Valiabad , والی آباد , VARIANT names: Valiabad , Validabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 14803936 coordinate: lat 29.447814 long 51.782982 NIMA/GNS names: Validabad , ولید آباد , VARIANT names: Validabad , Valmian : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.97761 long 47.788686 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Valmian , ※ SOURCE for Valmian « From the Ab-i-Zál, the camps along the line keeping more to the river valley are-Pul-i-Tang, 10 miles; Chem-i-Gez, 14 miles (2 miles to west of the Leylum stream); Valmián, 17 miles » #3526 Military report on south-west Persia, including the provinces of Khúzistán (Arabistan), Luristán and part of Fars, Government Central Branch Press, Simla, 1885 ~ p. 209 Valmian ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 33.101284 long 47.842846 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: not to be confused with the other Valmian in the valley 14.6 km at heading of 199° VARIANT names: Valmian ? , ※ SOURCE for Valmian ? « 10. General direction N. by stony path amongst foot-hills, skirting a small lake and crossing the end of the Kialan range (here known as Du Farūsh), whose sides ascend at an angle of 30° at a point known as Dum-i-Chül 3,200'. A footpath crosses it at 3,500'. From the top a track diverges to Jaidar, Pul-i-Kurr-o-Dukhtar, and thence to Madian Rüd, vide alternatives. The descent is steep and the Chül plain, marked by a masonry tomb in the Gurr-i-Hushki tract is reached at 7 miles (2,950'). At this point a track diverges via Gulgul and Kal-i-Hasar to Khurramābād, vide alternatives. The main track now runs over low gach hills to Välmian.Valmian has a deserted T. ?. Water. At 7 miles small springs at foot of limestone hills provide sweet water; there is also a large pond 1 mile north-west. At Välmian water is indifferent from the Ab-i-Fani. Fuel. Scarce. Fodder. Grazing good. » #3520 Routes in Persia Volume III, Part 2, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1916 ~ p. 150 Vaneshan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088105 coordinate: lat 33.352015 long 50.355235 NIMA/GNS names: Barmshan , Vaneshan , Vanishan , Vanshan , وانشان , VARIANT names: Vaneshan , Varcheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088153 coordinate: lat 33.782828 long 49.928324 NIMA/GNS names: Varcheh , Varchin , Varchu , Vasheh , Warcheh , واشه , ورچه , ورچو , ورچين , VARIANT names: Varchau , Varcheh , ※ SOURCE for Varchau « The road is good and descends gradually until, at 124 miles, a fine avenue of young trees leads to the village of Varchau, which, with two small hamlets, contains 280 houses. There are 4,000 sheep and 200 donkeys. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 237 Vardavan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088158 coordinate: lat 27.7365 long 52.8701 NIMA/GNS names: Vardavan , وردوان , VARIANT names: Vardavan , Wardawan , ※ SOURCE for Vardavan « Vardavān is situated about 1 mile from the foot of the range Zalimi, and consists of a large, but very dilapi dated square mud fort with towers at the corners in which the villagers live. The valley, at this point, roughly about 4 miles broad, presents a green grass expanse, dotted with kanar bush and is bounded on the N. side by the range called "Küh Havā." Inhabitants about 60. » #3113 Routes in Persia. vol. III, part I., Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1918 ~ p. 190 ※ SOURCE for Wardawan « The track then proceeds for a little more than half a mile, when it is crossed by a small open irrigation ditch, in which good drinking water flows. At 14 miles 5 furlongs the village-fort of Wardawan, situated about 1 mile from the foot of the range Zalemi. It consists of a large, but very delapidated square mud fort with towers at the corners. The villagers live within the fort. Altitude above sea, 2,153 feet. The valley, at this point, roughly about 4 miles broad, presents a green grassy expanse, dotted with kanar bush, and is bounded on the north side by the range called, "Kuh Hawa." » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1894 ~ p. 17 « At 14 miles 5 furlongs the village-fort of Wardawan, situated about 1 mile from the foot of the range Zalemi. It consists of a large, but very delapidated square mud fort with towers at the corners. The villagers live within the fort. Altitude above sea, 2,153 feet. The valley, at this point, roughly about 4 miles broad, presents a green grassy expanse, dotted with kanar bush, and is bounded on the north side by the range called, "Kuh Hawa."Inhabitants, about 60. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 17 Vartan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 6012499 coordinate: lat 32.836728 long 52.114712 NIMA/GNS names: Vartan , Vartan , Vartun , Vartun , Varun , ورتون , ورطان , ورطون , VARIANT names: Vartan , Varzaneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088230 coordinate: lat 32.4196 long 52.6483 NIMA/GNS names: Varzaneh , ورزنه , VARIANT names: Varzaneh , ※ SOURCE for Varzaneh « Of the desert-road from Yazd to Isfahan, behind Marwah, I had seen the south-eastern starting-point from Shirkuh, and now the north-western point of arrival- Varzina-lay below Tuhdashk, on the verge of the Rudashk plain, quite plain to sight at the distance of six farsakhs. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1982 ~ vol. 2 p. 15 NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.707664 long 56.566885 † basis (approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Gulaškird , Valaškird , Vashkird , Vaskird , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Vaskird FOR Bascarde [Aubin], ※ SOURCE for Gulaškird « fn. 175 The “Basturde” of Barros, II/10-7, p. 454, “situated at the foot of the mountain at the extremity of the kingdom”, is obviously a graphic deformation of the name which appears elsewhere under the form “Bascarde” (cf. note 167) and represents a local pronunciation Baškard. It is Gulaškird/Valaškird, northwest of Manugan (FG, VIII, p. 357-358: Golâškerd), and not the district of Bašākird, southeast of Minab, called Baškard by the natives (cf. Ilya Gershevitch, Travels in Bashkardia, in Royal Central Asiatic Journal, 46 (1959), p. 213). On Valaškird (Laškird in Yaqut, IV, p. 341), cf. Schwarz, Iran, p. 248. fn. 176 Barros, II/10-7, translated below, DE 2/1bis.] » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ pp. 107-8 ※ SOURCE for Valaškird « fn. 175 The “Basturde” of Barros, II/10-7, p. 454, “situated at the foot of the mountain at the extremity of the kingdom”, is obviously a graphic deformation of the name which appears elsewhere under the form “Bascarde” (cf. note 167) and represents a local pronunciation Baškard. It is Gulaškird/Valaškird, northwest of Manugan (FG, VIII, p. 357-358: Golâškerd), and not the district of Bašākird, southeast of Minab, called Baškard by the natives (cf. Ilya Gershevitch, Travels in Bashkardia, in Royal Central Asiatic Journal, 46 (1959), p. 213). On Valaškird (Laškird in Yaqut, IV, p. 341), cf. Schwarz, Iran, p. 248. fn. 176 Barros, II/10-7, translated below, DE 2/1bis.] » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ pp. 107-8 ※ SOURCE for Vashkird « Le royaume traversait une crise interne : le roi Muhammad Shâh s'était jeté du haut d'une tour et avait été achevé au sol (158), Convoité par Shâh Tahmasp, le Mughistân se soulevait régulière- ment. Les ormouzis aisés y détenaient des biens, et la région avait beau- coup rapporté à Ormuz grâce aux caravanes de la soie; Qatif avait été prise par le seigneur de Basra, tandis que le gouverneur safavide du Kermân s'emparait du canton de Vashkird, l'un des “territoires extérieurs” royaume, sur la rive iranienne (159). fn. 158. Lettre de Francisco de Sousa à Nuno da Cunha [de Cananor, 22.X.1534], As Gavetas da Torre do Tombo, Gav 20-7-9. Il a été remplacé par son frère Salgur Shâh II, ramené de Goa, où il était otage des Portugais. fn. 159. António Dias Farinha, “Os Portugueses...”, op. cit., p. 102. Sur le canton de Vashkird (Bascarde dans les sources portugaises), cf. Jean Aubin, “Le royaume...”, op. cit., pp. 106- 108 [The kingdom was going through an internal crisis: King Muhammad Shâh had thrown himself from the top of a tower and had been finished off on the ground (158). Coveted by Shâh Tahmasp, Mughistan rose up regularly. The well-to-do Ormouzis held property there, and the region had brought a lot to Ormuz thanks to the silk caravans; Qatif had been taken by the lord of Basra, while the Safavid governor of Kerman seized the canton of Vashkird, one of the “external territories” kingdom, on the Iranian bank (159). fn. 158. Letter from Francisco de Sousa to Nuno da Cunha [from Cananor, 22.X.1534], As Gavetas da Torre do Tombo, Gav 20-7-9. He was replaced by his brother Salgur Shah II, brought back from Goa, where he was hostage to the Portuguese. fn. 159. António Dias Farinha, “Os Portugueses...”, op. cit., p. 102. On the canton of Vashkird (Bascarde in Portuguese sources), cf. Jean Aubin, “The kingdom...”, op. cit., pp. 106- 108 ]» #1943 Taleghani M., Silva Couto D., Bacqué-GrammontJ.-L., Cartographie historique du Golfe Persique: Actes du colloque organisé les 21 et 22 avril 2004 à Téhéran par l'EPHE, l'Université de Téhéran et le Centre de Documentation et de Recherche d'Iran, Peeters, Brussels, 2006 ~ p. 107 ※ SOURCE for Vaskird location estimated from «Figure 1. South Persia and the Gulf » in » #1698 Faridany, E. K., Signal Defeat: the Portuguese Loss of Comorão in 1614 and its Political and Commercial Consequences at Portugal, The Persian Gulf and Safavid Persia Conference, 8-9 September 2007 The Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, Washington, 2007 ~ p. 2 « On est done loin des chiffres indiqués par Samarqand au XVe siècle, qui prête au royaume d'Ormuz une profondeur de trente farsah, soit 180 km, et par Pedro Teixeira qui, au début du XVIIe siècle, avance le chiffre de 28 lieues,(165) Cette profondeur maximale ne valait approximativement que pour le massif montagneux situé à l'est de Tizirg, habité (au XVIIe siècle) par la tribu arabe des Ahmadi et pour le canton de Vaškird; encore ce dernier fut-il conquis dans les années 1530 par le gouverneur safavide du Kirman (167). fn. 167 Ahmad b. Rašid à D. João III, d'Ormuz, 12.IX.1537 (CC. I-57-69): “se perdeo Bascarde e o tomou elRey de Carmum”. [We are therefore far from the figures indicated by Samarqand in the 15th century, who gives the kingdom of Hormuz a depth of thirty farsah, or 180 km, and by Pedro Teixeira who, at the beginning of the 17th century, puts forward the figure of 28 leagues, ( 165) This maximum depth was valid approximately only for the mountain massif located east of Tizirg, inhabited (in the 17th century) by the Arab tribe of Ahmadi and for the canton of Vaškird; yet the latter was conquered in the 1530s by the Safavid governor of Kirman (167). fn. 167 Ahmad b. Rašid to D. João III, from Ormuz, 12.IX.1537 (CC. I-57-69): “se perdeo Bascarde e o tomou elRey de Carmum”.] » #898 Aubin, Jean, Le royaume d'Ormuz au début du XVIe siècle, Mare Luso-Indicum, Geneva, 1973 ~ p. 107 Vazirabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: 148085 coordinate: lat 29.536677 long 52.621752 NIMA/GNS names: Khosrowabad , Vazirabad , وزیر آباد , VARIANT names: Kale-Vézir-Abad , Vazirabad , ※ SOURCE for Kale-Vézir-Abad « et parcourons un chemin très-uni, laissant à droite le village de Kalè-Vézir-Abâd et plus loin, celui de Kardchiour. [and we follow a very smooth path, leaving on the right the village of Kalè-Vézir-Abâd and further on, that of Kardchiour.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 pp. 68-9 Villa Grossa Dehchair : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.679258 long 54.616641 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Villa Grossa Dehchair , ※ SOURCE for Villa Grossa Dehchair « Il lunedi, primo giorno di novembre, avendo camminato solamente circa cinque leghe, con tuttociò, non più presto che verso il mezzo giorno, si fece also fra gli alberi de'dattili, sotto la villa grossa Dehchair che s'interpreta Villa buona o del bene. Le case di questa villa non sono unite insieme, ma sparse a contrade, a contrade, dentro un bosco di palme, [On Monday, the first day of November, having walked only about five leagues, nevertheless, no earlier than towards midday, he also went among the dactyl trees, under the Villa Grossa Dehchair which is interpreted as Villa Buona or Villa del Well. The houses of this villa are not joined together, but scattered in districts, in districts, within a forest of palm trees,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 278 Vist : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088380 coordinate: lat 33.347787 long 50.114775 NIMA/GNS names: Vist , ویست , VARIANT names: Vist , Vnghea : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.9728 long 53.2034 Supplement: not known VARIANT names: Vnghea , POSSIBLE LOCATION of Vnghea AT Khafr lat 28.9728 long 53.2034 [], ※ SOURCE for Vnghea « Next day to Coughton, to Vnghea next, thence to Moyechaw, » #1608 Herbert, Thomas, Sir, Some Yeares Travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique. Describing especially the two famous Empires, the Persian, and great Mogull: weaved with the history of these later times ... With a revivall of the first discoverer of America. Revised and enlarged by the Author., Printed by R. Bip. for Jacob Blome and Richard Bishop, London, 1638, ~ p. 132 « Next day to Coughton [Kuidunā?], where the people in few years before suffered in an high measure by locusts, which these parts are sometimes infested with.The next day we got to Unghea; the day following to Moyechaw; the next to Pully-pot-shaw (1) fn. 1 This place (like the two preceding ones) has not been identified. The name is evidently Pul-i-Padshah, the bridge of the Emperor'. Herbert's itinerary (see appendix) adds the name of another stage, viz. Emoom (not identified). Clearly the cavalcade did not keep strictly to the usual route. » #3247 ed. Foster, William, Thomas Herbert travels in Persia (1627-1629), George Routledge and Sons, Ltd, London, 1928 ~ pp. 66-7 W of Jabal Shamm 9 : arch. site OMN UTM: DE308005 converted to coordinate: lat 26.2224138333646 long 56.3072376679386 VARIANT names: W of Jabal Shamm 9 , ※ SOURCE for W of Jabal Shamm 9 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 36 Wadi Ahjut : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: 11144164 coordinate: lat 16.760224 long 53.488607 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi Ahjawt , Wadi Ahjawt , Wadi Ahjut , Wadi Hazmah , وادي أحجوت , وادي حزمة , VARIANT names: Kais ibn Othman , Wadi Ahjut , ※ SOURCE for Kais ibn Othman « On the southwestern side of Ras Sajar, about six miles from ita extremity, is a deep ravine running nortbwards, called the Kais ibn Othman. At its opening is the village of Safgot consisting of one large house and a few small huts with the usual heaps of stones, the remains of former buildings, around them. The shaykh of this vailey (May 1846.) was a fine old man by name Saiyad bin Othman el Sadoni. » #2662 Henry John Carter, Art. VI. A Geographical Description of Certain Parts of the Southeast Coast of Arabia, to which is appended a short essay on the comparative geography of the whole of this coast., Reprinted from the Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1851 ~ p. 42 Wadi Al 'Ayn 28a : arch. site OMN UTM: DD291845 converted to coordinate: lat 26.0778671712597 long 56.2910933989564 VARIANT names: Wadi Al 'Ayn 28a , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Al 'Ayn 28a #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 46 Wadi Al 'Ayn 28b : arch. site OMN UTM: DD298843 converted to coordinate: lat 26.0760955627144 long 56.2981028239316 VARIANT names: Wadi Al 'Ayn 28b , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Al 'Ayn 28b #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 47 Wadi Aynam : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: -786336 coordinate: lat 20.15 long 57.783333 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi Aynam , VARIANT names: Wadi Aynam , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Wadi Aynam FOR Hormanus River [classical atlas by A. G. Findlay], ※ SOURCE for Wadi Aynam based on estimated co-ordinates taken from an overlay of{map#903 Arabia, Alexander George Findlay, 1847, #2678 Alexander George Findlay, A classical atlas to illustrate ancient geography, W. Tegg and Company, London, 1847 ~} Wadi Bani Khalid : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: -786422 coordinate: lat 22.309391 long 59.22552 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi Bani Khalid , وادي بني خالد , VARIANT names: Wadi Bani Khalid , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Wadi Bani Khalid FOR Hormanus River [Dan Gibson], ※ SOURCE for Wadi Bani Khalid [the Wadi Bani Khalid reaches the sea at Wadi Hasad. PBR] « Ptolemy lists the Hormanus River (89.30 20.30 AP) as flowing into the Indian Ocean. Today this would most probably correspond to Wadi Bani Khalid which flows through the mountains and eventually into the Indian Ocean near Al Jumaylah (22° 0’2.35”N and 59°39’19.39”E) in Oman. » #2740 Dan Gibson, Suggested Solutions for Issues Concerning The Location of Mecca in Ptolemy's Geography, Nabataea, 2013 ~ p.9 Wadi Bathah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: -786490 coordinate: lat 21.99824 long 59.658579 NIMA/GNS names: Al Batha' , Batha River , Wadi al Batha' , Wadi Bathah , VARIANT names: Wadi Bathah , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Bathah [mouth of the Wadi Bani Khalid where it reaches the sea. PBR] Wadi Darbat : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: -786698 coordinate: lat 17.11011 long 54.453429 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi Darbat , Wadi Dirbat , Wadi Drbat , وادي دربات , VARIANT names: Wadi Darbat , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Darbat « The choice of the site at which to found Sumhuram (Fig. 2 and 2) is certainly linked to numerous factors. Firstly the ’geographical’ factors: on the one hand the relative proximity to the area where incense was produced, to which Sumhuram was connected by a network of settlements, on the other the convenient distance, by sea, from the Hadrami harbour of Qana. SecondIy the ’territorial’ factors: Sumhuram, like Qana, is very clearly visible from the sea thanks to the two rocky promontories that protect the mouth of the wadi Darbat. The whole area along the coast seems to abound in precious sources of drinking water. » #868 Avanzini, Alessandra and Orazi, Roberto, The Construction Phases of Khor Rori's Monumental Gate, Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, Copenhagen, 2001 (Nov.) 12:249-259 ~ p. 250 « Wadi Darbat is a spectacular wadi that drains south from the Dhofar plateau out into Khor Rori, a large flooded wadi with extensive reed-beds forming a natural haven for birds. The upper part of the wadi on the highlands plateau is a beautiful stretch of blue water lined with vegetation (Fig. 15.16). Above the cliffs, a beautiful blue lagoon is flanked by green grassy banks, grazed by herds of semi-wild camels. Wadi Darbat flows south across an incredible curtain of travertine (tufa) rock, fossilised waterfall deposits. Inland from Khor Rori, Wadi Darbat shows an impressive travertine curtain, a petrified waterfall over 150 m high. » #2586 Mike Searle, Geology of the Oman Mountains, Eastern Arabia, Springer International Publishing, 2019 ~ p. 422 « À 300 m au nord-ouest du site, un temple extra-muros, établi en bordure du wâdî Darbât, a été fouillé. L’utilisation du temple semble se limiter aux IIIe-Ier s. av. J.-C.1067. » #2747 Jérémie Schiettecatte, Villes et urbanisation de l'Arabie du Sud à l'époque préislamique: formation, fonctions et territorialités urbaines dans la dynamique de peuplement régionale, Histoire. Université Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris, 2006 ~ p. 300 « At sites located at the mouth of major wadis, such as Mughsail and Rori, beside Kharfut, one would expect that after occasional heavy rainfall, water would flow down the valley, breaking through the beachcrest of sand and escaping into the sea, changing the pools into small, but deep inlets, sometime even into long creeks connected with the sea. In the case of wadi Darbat/ Khawr Rori, the lagoon is still over 1000 m long. It is interesting to note that most of these sites are called locally 'khawr' (Arabic for inlet) and that the idea that the coastal pools were once connected to the sea and were used as harbours has been repeatedly expressed by local informants, who often recalled popular legends of large boats sunk in the muddy bottom of some of the pools. » #2754 Paolo M. Costa, Khawr Kharfut, Dhofar: A Preliminary Assessment of the archaeological remains, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1994 Vol. 24:pp. 27-33 ~ p. 32 Wadi Ghadun : arch. site OMN UTM: DF725735 converted to coordinate: lat 18.7528378712362 long 56.7391005819411 VARIANT names: Wadi Ghadun , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Ghadun « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Wadi Gharm 1 (WG1) : arch. site OMN UTM: EF565965 converted to coordinate: lat 18.9600280190043 long 57.5651791468609 VARIANT names: Wadi Gharm 1 (WG1) , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Gharm 1 (WG1) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Wadi Gharm 2 (WG2) : arch. site OMN UTM: EF575950 converted to coordinate: lat 18.9465289980856 long 57.5461380673618 VARIANT names: Wadi Gharm 2 (WG2) , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Gharm 2 (WG2) « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Wadi Halfayn : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: -787120 coordinate: lat 21.419646 long 58.120522 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi Halfain , Wadi Halfayn , Wadi Halfayn , Wadi Halfin , وادي حلفين , VARIANT names: Wadi Halfayn , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Wadi Halfayn FOR Hormanus River [Groom], ※ SOURCE for Wadi Halfayn « The site of Izki was undoubtedly a very good choice for the Azd tribes also for the abundant availability of water in the drainage of Wadi Halfayn. One of the main and longest wadis of Oman, Halfayn starts from the eastern flank of the Jabal al-Akhḍar at the foot of a spectacular cliff overlooked by the village of Manakher, and runs south for a distance of over 300 kms. to reach the ocean in the gulf of Filim, to the west of the island of Masira. At Filim I heard stories of surface water flowing into the sea after the rainy season. This is not surprising if one considers that at Hayy (correctly Hajj), some 20 kms. inland of Filim, Wadi Halfayn has a perennial waterhole which is full of fresh water even at the peak of the dry season. » #2695 Paolo M. Costa, Pre-Islamic Izki : Some Field Evidence, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1988 vol. 18:pp. 15-23 ~ p. 17 « Much of the Jabal Akhdar range and its foothills is drained by the Wadis Bani Kharus, Far and Bani Ghafir to the north and by the Wadis Mu'aydin, Nazwa and Bahia to the south. » #2684 Sir Alexander Gibb and Partners, Warer Resources of Northern Oman, Final Report Volume I Main Report, Sir Alexander Gibb and Partners, Readiing nd London, 1976 ~ p. 26 « The extensive catchment area around Nazwa, elevation 600m, would be sufficient to support water flow or ‘flash flooding’ in Wadi Halfayn which begins at Izki and goes all the way, some 260 km., to Ghubbat Hashish, west of Bar Al Hikman. » PBR see {map#904 1:500,000 - World Series 1404, , Great Britain. War Office and Air Ministry, 1958, 563-B and 563-C} « Wadi Halfain, it is said, everywhere contains sweet water near the surface and has pasturage at all seasons. It is the chief highway between the inhabited portion of 'Oman and the South-east Coast; and at one time it was customary to land cargoes of slaves at Mahot and march them by this route to their destination to avoid the risk of capture by British cruisers. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1908 ~ vo.2, p. 617 « … other, the dry lower courses of Wadi Halfain which here spread out delta fashion and debouch on to the marshy flats of Ghubbat Hashish. We camped in the Wadi Halfain at Haij. The sky becoming overcast prevented my taking star sights that evening, and a drizzling rain developed into a storm. My small tent came crashing about my ears in the small hours amidst thunder and lightning; my Badawi were drenched to the skin, but the wadi did not flow. In contrast to the poor water-holes in the sand I had so far met with, the well of Haij was imposing. Six feet in diameter, it was well built of large stones, polished with age, with projecting stones at convenient intervals to admit of descent, and grooves half-inch deep edging the lip caused by long contact of bucket-ropes, suggested a high antiquity. The Hikmanis of Mahot and Bar al Hikman obtain their water from Haij, and two Hikmani girls were watering their camels when we arrived at the well. Water was plentiful at 20 feet. » #2698 Bertram Thomas, The South-Eastern Borderlands of Rub' al Khali, The Geographical Journal, London, Vol. 73:No. 3: pp. 193-212 ~ p. 198 Wadi Haytam : arch. site OMN UTM: DF900826 converted to coordinate: lat 18.8352403855745 long 56.9050810905937 VARIANT names: Wadi Haytam , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Haytam « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Wadi Inshmayn : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: 11144352 coordinate: lat 16.7838 long 53.372269 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi Anshinti , Wadi Inshmayn , Wadi Inshmeen , وادي إنشمين , وادي أنشنتي , VARIANT names: Wadi Inshmayn , Wadi Shagot , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Shagot « These three ravines are all close together and within fifteen miles of the extremity of Ras Sajar. There is only one more of the kind throughout this range which is Wadi Shagot. Next to the ravine of Kharifot, which is separated from the Kais ibn Ammar by a low mountainous ridge covered with long grass and stunted trees, and scarped upon the sea like, that separating the latter from the Kais ibn Othman, comes a place called Shalgot, where the summit of the highland falls considerably back and afterwards descends in long shelves to the sea. These shelves are covered with grass and trees. We saw a date-grove there and a great many cattle. » #2662 Henry John Carter, Art. VI. A Geographical Description of Certain Parts of the Southeast Coast of Arabia, to which is appended a short essay on the comparative geography of the whole of this coast., Reprinted from the Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1851 ~ p. 44 Wadi Inshmayn appears to be the best fit for Carters Wadi Shagot. Wadi Jarziz : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: -787497 coordinate: lat 17.128543 long 54.054889 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi Jarsis , Wadi Jarziz , Wadi Jarziz , Wadi Jasis , وادي جرزيز , VARIANT names: Wadi Gharzid , Wadi Ghersid , Wadi Jarziz , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Gharzid « The next day we entered the mountains by the Wadi Ghersid, the regular Gara track between the coast and the interior ; the entrance to this gorge is about 9 miles from the Tali’s castle, and on entering it a great surprise was in store for us. Instead of the sand-choked valleys of the Hadramut, arid except where irrigation is carried on with immense labour, we here were plunged into a valley covered with the richest tropical vegetation. Just above our camp. on the second day, water coming out of three holes in the mountain-side forms itself into a small and exquisitely beautiful lake, » #584 Bent, J. Theodore, Exploration of the Frankincense Country, Southern Arabia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1895 (Aug.) 6:2:109-33 ~ p. 121 and « Wadi Gharzid » in accompanying map Map of Dhofar and the Gara-range ※ SOURCE for Wadi Ghersid « The next day we entered the mountains by the Wadi Ghersid, the regular Gara track between the coast and the interior ; the entrance to this gorge is about 9 miles from the Tali’s castle, and on entering it a great surprise was in store for us. Instead of the sand-choked valleys of the Hadramut, arid except where irrigation is carried on with immense labour, we here were plunged into a valley covered with the richest tropical vegetation. Just above our camp. on the second day, water coming out of three holes in the mountain-side forms itself into a small and exquisitely beautiful lake, » #584 Bent, J. Theodore, Exploration of the Frankincense Country, Southern Arabia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1895 (Aug.) 6:2:109-33 ~ p. 121 and « Wadi Gharzid » in accompanying map Map of Dhofar and the Gara-range « I. SOUTHERN ARABIA: Dhofar Mountains: Wadi Gerzid, 1895, Bent 75 (K). - I think that the above-mentioned Wadi is the as that mentioned by T. Bent and M. V. A. Bent as "Wadi Ghersid"' and on the map in the same volume as " Wadi Gharzid.' The specimen was collected in the winter of 1895 » #2765 Rodolfo E. Pichi-Sermolli, The Geographical Distribution of Negripteris Scioana, American Fern Journal, ~ p. 67 ※ SOURCE for Wadi Jarziz « Wadi Jarziz » IN #2756 Farouk El-Baz, Wadis of Oman : Satellite Image Atlas., Stacey International, London, 2002 ~ p. 162 Wadi Jizzi : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: -787531 coordinate: lat 24.334654 long 56.610968 NIMA/GNS names: Jixxi , Wadi al Jizi , Wadi al Jizy , Wadi al-Djizy , Wadi Jezzi , Wadi Jizzi , وادي الجزي , VARIANT names: Wadi Jizzi , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Jizzi « Wadi Jizzi runs through the northern range of the Hajar Al Gharbi, connecting the oasis of Buraimi and the Batinah Coast. Unlike Wadi Samail, there are few tower ruins along Wadi Jizzi. The main towers to be seen today are at Al Hail (below), Al Rabi and Al Wasit, located about half-way between Sohar and Buraimi. Al Hail and Al Rabi are opposite each other on the wadi. … Al Rabi's tower is perched on a pinnacle rock 60 metres high, but within shouting distance of a small restored fortlet. These towers were originally built by the Persians preceding the introduction of Islam, when Persia controlled the Batinah Plain, and the Arabs controlled the interior and highlands. » #2614 Dinteman, Walter, Forts of Oman (Arabian Heritage Premier Editions), Motivate Publishing, 1993 ~ p. 104 Wadi Khasab 23a : arch. site OMN UTM: DD238952 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1742063944717 long 56.2374770267224 VARIANT names: Wadi Khasab 23a , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Khasab 23a #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 45 Wadi Khayrfawt : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: -787646 coordinate: lat 16.735275 long 53.321474 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi Kharfat , Wadi Kharfawt , Wadi Kharfut , Wadi Khayrfawt , وادي خرفوت , وادي خيرفوت , VARIANT names: Kharifot , Wadi Khayrfawt , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Wadi Khayrfawt FOR Hormanus River [Sprenger], ※ SOURCE for Kharifot « A little further, westward of the Kais ibn Ammar comes a third ravine or valley, which has a west northwesterly direction. It is called Kharifot and has a stream of water running through it. It sppeared rich in vegetation and at its entrance was a large grove of date-trees. » #2662 Henry John Carter, Art. VI. A Geographical Description of Certain Parts of the Southeast Coast of Arabia, to which is appended a short essay on the comparative geography of the whole of this coast., Reprinted from the Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1851 ~ p. 44 Wadi Khor : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: -787684 coordinate: lat 24.965283 long 55.881168 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi al Qawr , Wadi al Qawr , Wadi al Qur , Wadi al Qur , Wadi Khawr , Wadi Khor , Wadi Quor , وادي القور , وادي القور , VARIANT names: Wadi Khor , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Khor « Wadi Khor » in {map#919 Map of Oman Routes of Wellsted and Whitelock, J. R. Wellsted Royal Geographical Society, 1837, American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries, Rare 416-c Oman B-1837} Wadi Lisq : arch. site OMN UTM: DF626665 converted to coordinate: lat 18.6894188367693 long 56.6453098982916 VARIANT names: Wadi Lisq , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Lisq « Cairns » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p. 290 Wadi Makhus 25a : arch. site OMN UTM: DD260890 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1183420168536 long 56.2598438137251 VARIANT names: Wadi Makhus 25a , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Makhus 25a #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 45 Wadi Makhus 25b : arch. site OMN UTM: DD260867 converted to coordinate: lat 26.0975753874987 long 56.2599745676654 VARIANT names: Wadi Makhus 25b , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Makhus 25b #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 45 Wadi Maqaqah : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: 109148 coordinate: lat 26.094444 long 56.249167 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi Maqaqah , VARIANT names: Wadi Maqaqah , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Maqaqah not to be confused with Maqaqah to east of the Musandam « Two other cairns were found in the nearby Wadi Maqaqah, where a number of rock peckings were observed near the track leading along one side of the wadi. » #24 Falcon, N. L., The Musandam, Northern Oman, Expedition 1971-72, The Geographical Journal, London, 1973 ~ [B. de C.] p. 16 « Table D. 40 Pottery types found during the Northern Trucial States survey and their sites as well as proposed date by de Cardi and Doe in 1971: Green Glazed Wares [class] (Sasanian-Islamic) Early 9th-11th and 15th- 16th centuries onwards [proposed date] Ghanam Island, Old Ghubb 'Ali, Bidi, Khasab, Qabal, Sayl al Asfal, Shriyah, Huwaini, Salallah, Wadi Maqaqah [sites found] Siraf, Kerman [comparable sites] Chinese Porcelain and Far Eastern Stonewares [class] 12th-16th centuries + K'ang-his period (1662-1722) [proposed date] Shariyah, Khasab, Sayl al Asfal, Mukhi, Maqlab isthmus, Dib Dibbah, Wadi Maqaqah [sites found] Julfar, Fukien, south-east Asia, Indonesia, Siraf, south-east Asia [comparable sites] » #2804 Nasser Said Ali Al-Jahwari, Settlement Patterns, Development and Cultural Change in Northern Oman Peninsula: A multi-tiered approach to the analysis of longterm settlement trends, Durham theses, Durham University, 2008 ~ pp. 634-5 Wadi Maqaqah 27a : arch. site OMN UTM: DD267846 converted to coordinate: lat 26.0786502116952 long 56.2670924800096 VARIANT names: Wadi Maqaqah 27a , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Maqaqah 27a #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 46 Wadi Maqaqah 27b : arch. site OMN UTM: DD258835 converted to coordinate: lat 26.0686723239165 long 56.2581568045041 VARIANT names: Wadi Maqaqah 27b , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Maqaqah 27b #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 46 Wadi Maqaqah 27c : arch. site OMN UTM: DD258827 converted to coordinate: lat 26.0614491083748 long 56.2582023041684 VARIANT names: Wadi Maqaqah 27c , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Maqaqah 27c #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 46 Wadi Maqaqah 27d : arch. site OMN UTM: DD252829 converted to coordinate: lat 26.0632239700038 long 56.2521928810069 VARIANT names: Wadi Maqaqah 27d , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Maqaqah 27d #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 46 Wadi Murka 37a : arch. site OMN UTM: GV 175 825 converted to coordinate: lat 22.43491 long 59.1133 VARIANT names: Wadi Murka 37a , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Murka 37a « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 47 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Wadi Murka 37b : arch. site OMN UTM: GV 139 836 converted to coordinate: lat 22.4453 long 59.07848 VARIANT names: Wadi Murka 37b , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Murka 37b « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 47 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Wadi Murka 37c : arch. site OMN UTM: GV 122 846 converted to coordinate: lat 22.45454 long 59.06211 VARIANT names: Wadi Murka 37c , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Murka 37c « Cairns » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 47 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Wadi Nagar Ghaiz : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: -787003 coordinate: lat 17.028818 long 53.825982 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi Ghaiz , Wadi Ghayd , Wadi Ghayz , Wadi Nagar Ghaiz , وادي غيض , VARIANT names: Wadi Nagar Ghaiz , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Nagar Ghaiz NIMA Wadi Qidah 18a : arch. site OMN UTM: DD218953 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1750018707637 long 56.217458744649 VARIANT names: Wadi Qidah 18a , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Qidah 18a #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 40 Wadi Qidah 18b : arch. site OMN UTM: DD223954 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1759318640784 long 56.2224558455066 VARIANT names: Wadi Qidah 18b , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Qidah 18b #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 40 Wadi Rakhyut : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: 14142960 coordinate: lat 16.764425 long 53.403583 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi Rakhyut , وادي رخيوت , VARIANT names: Kais ibn Ammar , Wadi Rakhyut , ※ SOURCE for Kais ibn Ammar « Close to his romantic valley is another similar one, called the Kais ibn Ammar. Its direction also is northward and it is separated from the former by a mountainous ridge scarped upon the sea. At its entrance also is a village, called Rakot, consisting of about half a dozen houses and about 60 inhabitants. The shaykh of this village and valley (May 1846) was an elderly man by name Said bin Ammar, I passed a day and a half with him. » #2662 Henry John Carter, Art. VI. A Geographical Description of Certain Parts of the Southeast Coast of Arabia, to which is appended a short essay on the comparative geography of the whole of this coast., Reprinted from the Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1851 ~ p. 43 Wadi Sabah 26 : arch. site OMN UTM: DD223853 converted to coordinate: lat 26.0847403439248 long 56.2230594428076 VARIANT names: Wadi Sabah 26 , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Sabah 26 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 46 Wadi Safqut : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: 11144158 coordinate: lat 16.754219 long 53.449184 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi Qayd , Wadi Safqawt , Wadi Safqawt , Wadi Safqut , وادي صفقوت , وادي قيض , VARIANT names: Wadi Safqut , Wadi Sayq : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: WAD UFI: -788773 coordinate: lat 16.730079 long 53.336553 NIMA/GNS names: Wadi Sayq , وادي سيق , وادي سيق , VARIANT names: Wadi Sayq , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Sayq « It is small wonder that the outside world was slow to recognize that such an anomaly was preserved on the Arabian coast; after all, even people in the region were scarcely aware of it until recent decades. Without road access and hemmed in by forbidding terrain, Kharfot is unpopulated and has had no inhabitants in living memory. The ocean once extended inland perhaps a kilometer here, creating a sheltered inlet. Now, in common with the other inlets in southern Oman, a sandbar stretches across the mouth of the bay, closing it from the sea. At Kharfot, the inlet has been replaced by an extensive freshwater lagoon. Kharfot marks the end of a major wadi leading from the interior desert, Wadi Sayq (“River Valley”) and the much shorter (12 km) Wadi Kharfot (EL-BAZ 2004), but this fact is hidden by the oblique angle at which the two wadis arrive at the coast. The high beach obscures the lagoon and most of the vegetation and trees from passing ships. In fact, viewed from the sea, Kharfot appears rather unremarkable. Each May to September the Indian Ocean monsoon rains touch land only in southern Oman, bringing constant rain and mist. Forced higher by the mountains, the clouds release their moisture quickly along a narrow band of coast, leaving the interior deserts dry. Until recent years substantial water arrived at Kharfot through the sinuous Wadi Sayq, the main drainage of the Qamar ranges, as it descends some 38 km from the interior plateau. The water reaching the inlet accumulates in the lagoon, but it also feeds two large permanent springs. » #2753 Warren P Aston, Arabia’s Hidden Valley: A unique habitat in Dhofar captures Arabia’s past, Wildlife Middle East News, 2013 ~ p.2 Wadi Shariyah 24 : arch. site OMN UTM: DD254945 converted to coordinate: lat 26.1679701004429 long 56.253527160737 VARIANT names: Wadi Shariyah 24 , ※ SOURCE for Wadi Shariyah 24 #279 de Cardi, Beatrice with Vtia-Finzi, Claudio and Coles, Ann, Archaeological Survey in Northern Oman 1972, East and West, Rome, 1975 (Mar.-Jun.) new series 25:1-2:9-75 ~ p. 45 NIMA/GNS feature: WAD independent coordinate: lat 17.882131 long 55.600117 Supplement: NIMA co-ordinates offshore VARIANT names: Wadi ash Shuwaymiyah , Wadi Shuwaymiyah , ※ SOURCE for Wadi ash Shuwaymiyah « The mountains of northeastern Dhofar are wild and rugged, with great canyons incised into the limestone plateau (Fig. 15.3). These mountains have steep flanks facing the Indian ocean and a more gentle slope westward towards the Empty Quarter. Wadi Shuwaymiyah is a spectacular eroded limestone canyon more than 30 km long, SE of Marmul and NE of Jebel Samhan (Fig. 15.4). Water seepage along bedding planes in the Paleocene–Eocene limestones drip into pools that support reed-beds providing a haven for wild life and birds. A few pools show impressive travertine dripstones with one example of a particularly impressive ‘frozen’ travertine waterfall. The coast here gets a real pounding from the monsoon and heavy seas make fishing almost impossible from June to September (Fig. 15.5). » #2586 Mike Searle, Geology of the Oman Mountains, Eastern Arabia, Springer International Publishing, 2019 ~ p. 414 Wahat al Ahsa' : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: OAS UFI: -3091190 coordinate: lat 25.3333333 long 49.6333333 NIMA/GNS names: Al Ahsa' , Al Hasa , Al Hasa Oasis , Al-Hisa , El Hassa , Hasa Oasis , Hassa , Hofuf Oasis , Laaththa , Lachsa , Lahissa , Lahsa , U1 Ahsa , U1 Asha , Wahat al Ahsa' , VARIANT names: al-Hasa , Hagar , Ḥajar , Hasa oasis , Lahsa , Wahat al Ahsa' , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Hasā oasis FOR Gerrha [Groom], ※ SOURCE for al-Hasa « In 1521 the influence of the Portuguese was felt in Bahrayn and in al-Hasa (Lahsa) in the north east of Arabia. A certain Mukrim ruler of al-Hasa, son of Zamel, refused to pay to Hormuz the tribute expected of him. » #2899 Salih Özbaran and Dom Manuell de Lyma, The Ottoman Turks and the Portuguese in the Persian Gulf, 1534 - 1581, Journal of Asian History, 1972 ~ pp. 46-7 ※ SOURCE for Hagar « Pousai, bishop of Hagar (Hajar; al-Hasa’, inland in Saudi Arabia) » #1262 King, G. R. D., A Nestorian Monastic Settlement on the Island of Sir Bani Yas, Abu Dhabi: A Preliminary Report, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, 1997, 60:2:221-35 ~ p. 234 ※ SOURCE for Ḥajar « Pousai, bishop of Hagar (Hajar; al-Hasa’, inland in Saudi Arabia) » #1262 King, G. R. D., A Nestorian Monastic Settlement on the Island of Sir Bani Yas, Abu Dhabi: A Preliminary Report, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, 1997, 60:2:221-35 ~ p. 234 ※ SOURCE for Hasa oasis « Teredon seems to have been the trading post of the Gerrhaeans. This leads to the problem of the location of Gerrha, which has already been so substantially debated that it would be superfluous to go into detail over the arguments here. In effect there are now two schools of thought: first, the original view, which the writer has upheld elsewhere, that it centred on the Hasā oasis with a port not far from al-‘Uqayr (7) ; second, the view, strongly argued recently by Dr Potts and others, that the city was Thāj and the port was al-Jubayl (8) . fn. 7 Groom, 1984. fn. 8 Potts, 1984a. » #197 Groom, Nigel, Eastern Arabia in Ptolemy's map, Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, London, 1986 ~ p. 68 ※ SOURCE for Lahsa « In 1521 the influence of the Portuguese was felt in Bahrayn and in al-Hasa (Lahsa) in the north east of Arabia. A certain Mukrim ruler of al-Hasa, son of Zamel, refused to pay to Hormuz the tribute expected of him. » #2899 Salih Özbaran and Dom Manuell de Lyma, The Ottoman Turks and the Portuguese in the Persian Gulf, 1534 - 1581, Journal of Asian History, 1972 ~ pp. 46-7 Wais : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088341 coordinate: lat 31.485948 long 48.875147 NIMA/GNS names: Vais , Veys , Wais , ویس , VARIANT names: Wais , Wajeshk : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088005 coordinate: lat 28.4379 long 53.1454 NIMA/GNS names: Vahbashk , Vajeshk , Wajeshk , وجشک , وحبشک , VARIANT names: Wajeshk , Warawi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088140 coordinate: lat 27.466 long 53.0542 NIMA/GNS names: Varavi , Voravi , Waravi , Warawi , وراوی , VARIANT names: Warawi , ※ SOURCE for Warawi « protection from the Khan of Warawi enabled us to move down the valley for two marches. A two-days’ halt at his village allowed me to visit more ruins in the vicinity, including sepulchral structures for subaerial burial of a type nowhere met with before. » #831 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological Reconnaissances in Southern Persia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1934 (Feb), 83:2:119-34 ~ p. 134 Washar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3395717 coordinate: lat 32.2522222 long 63.8530556 NIMA/GNS names: Vashir , Waser , Washar , VARIANT names: Washar , Washeer , Washir , ※ SOURCE for Washeer « Washeer » in {map#1344 in #3433 Ferrier, J. P., Caravan journeys and wanderings in Persia, Afghanistan, Turkistan, and Beloochistan; with historical notices of the countries lying between Russia and India, J. Murray, London, 1857 ~ fig. Map of Persia and Afghanistan: General Ferrier's Travels} ※ SOURCE for Washir « 11. Washir (9 miles 5 furlongs-141 miles).-Abundance of water. The road is hard and good with a gentle descent the whole way till within a mile or two of Washir, when it is undulating and stony in some places. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 332 Wasit : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -786168 coordinate: lat 24.206272 long 56.267856 NIMA/GNS names: Al Wasit , Wasit , Wasit , Wasit , واسط , VARIANT names: Wasit , ※ SOURCE for Wasit « Wadi Jizzi runs through the northern range of the Hajar Al Gharbi, connecting the oasis of Buraimi and the Batinah Coast. Unlike Wadi Samail, there are few tower ruins along Wadi Jizzi. The main towers to be seen today are at Al Hail (below), Al Rabi and Al Wasit, located about half-way between Sohar and Buraimi. Al Hail and Al Rabi are opposite each other on the wadi. … Al Rabi's tower is perched on a pinnacle rock 60 metres high, but within shouting distance of a small restored fortlet. These towers were originally built by the Persians preceding the introduction of Islam, when Persia controlled the Batinah Plain, and the Arabs controlled the interior and highlands. » #2614 Dinteman, Walter, Forts of Oman (Arabian Heritage Premier Editions), Motivate Publishing, 1993 ~ p. 104 water mill : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.650307 long 53.071175 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: water mill , Water mill : arch. site IRN UTM: none coordinate: lat 27.200157 long 53.661948 † basis (located in google earth or maps and no other reference) VARIANT names: Water mill , ※ SOURCE for Water mill online reference link [accessed 06 Dec 2024] water mill : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.726399 long 53.648647 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: water mill , water mill ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.722503 long 52.602897 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: water mill ? , ※ SOURCE for water mill ? see google maps water mill ? : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.365456 long 53.087771 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: water mill ? , ※ SOURCE for water mill ? see google maps water mill at KM020 : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.820495 long 53.341311 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: water mill at KM020 , ※ SOURCE for water mill at KM020 « Ruinen von Wassermühlen (Tafel 30, 2) und langen zu ihnen führenden, teils gemauerten, teils in den Fels gehauenen Wasserzuleitungs- kanälen sind bei KM 019, 020 und 022 zu sehen. Solche Anlagen sind schwer zu datie- ren. Der Erhaltungszustand und Scherben, die sich im Umkreis einer der Mühlen fan- den, legen eine Datierung in das 17. Jahrhundert nahe. [Ruins of watermills (Plate 30, 2) and long water supply channels leading to them, some made of brick and some carved into the rock, can be seen at KM 019, 020 and 022. Such structures are difficult to date. The state of preservation and shards found in the vicinity of one of the mills suggest a date to the 17th century.] » #3262 Gaube, Heinz, Im Hinterland von Siraf. Das Tal von Galledar/Fal und seine Nachbargebiete : (Tafeln 30-37)., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1980 vol. 13:pp. 149-166 ~ p. 153 « 30,2. Wassermühle bei KM 020 ( SW von Hong) [30.2. Watermill at KM 020 (SW of Hong)] » #3262 Gaube, Heinz, Im Hinterland von Siraf. Das Tal von Galledar/Fal und seine Nachbargebiete : (Tafeln 30-37)., Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, 1980 vol. 13:pp. 149-166 ~ p. 153 watermill south Sadara : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.517469 long 52.919502 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: watermill south Sadara , Yabrin : place SAU NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3101055 coordinate: lat 23.25 long 48.9166667 NIMA/GNS names: Jabrin , Yabrin , VARIANT names: Jabrin , Yabrin , ※ SOURCE for Yabrin #411 p. 84 Yakhchal : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3396225 coordinate: lat 31.79 long 64.6827778 NIMA/GNS names: Yakhca , Yakhcal , Yakhchal , Yakhcol , VARIANT names: Yakhchal , ※ SOURCE for Yakhchal « Yakhchal » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Afghanistan:, , , David Rumsey Map Collection fig. Farah I-41 U 1942} Yakhchal sarai : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 31.766862 long 64.734571 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Yakhchal sarai , ※ SOURCE for Yakhchal sarai « Yakhchal sarai » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Afghanistan:, , , David Rumsey Map Collection fig. Farah I-41 U 1942} Yani Al Raja 67 : arch. site OMN UTM: FV 631 945 converted to coordinate: lat 22.54934 long 58.58615 VARIANT names: Yani Al Raja 67 , ※ SOURCE for Yani Al Raja 67 « Cairn tombs » #1292 Doe, D. B, Gazetteer of Sites in Oman, 1976, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1977 3:1:35-58 ~ p. 56 and Plate IX Location Map opp p. 40 Yarg : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088529 coordinate: lat 28.5857 long 53.1576 NIMA/GNS names: Yaraj , Yarg , Yarj , یرج , VARIANT names: Yarg , NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 38.45 long 77.267 VARIANT names: Yarkand , ※ SOURCE for Yarkand owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Yarkand, 77.267, 38.45, CN, nkn, exact, 149, tmcIRa0100_060a » Stein 1st Central Asian Expedition Yasavol : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088542 coordinate: lat 34.511664 long 49.365646 NIMA/GNS names: Yasavol , Yesgul , یساول , VARIANT names: Yasavol , Yasu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RSRT UFI: 10907941 coordinate: lat 31.680023 long 50.420471 NIMA/GNS names: Yasu , یسو , VARIANT names: submerged village , Yasu , ※ SOURCE for submerged village [submerged village viewed in 4/2012 google earth, adjacent to possible ford of the Ab-i-Bazuft] PBR Yasuj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3198290 coordinate: lat 30.66820613 long 51.58601796 NIMA/GNS names: Yasooj , Yasuj , Yesuj , ياسوج , يسج , يسوج , VARIANT names: Yasudj , Yasuj , ※ SOURCE for Yasudj « Titel: Pataveh 1990 - Court type caravanserai at the road Esfahan - Yasudj - Dehdasht - Bebahan - Bandar-e Beylam » online reference link [accessed 11 Apr 2025] NIMA/GNS feature: ADM2 independent coordinate: lat 27.8 long 55.3 † basis (unknown, approximate location coordinates) VARIANT names: Yautiya , ※ SOURCE for Yautiya Persis was strictly not a satrapy. Being unconquered, it was not subject. So, Herodotus says (III 97), it alone did not pay tribute. This did not apply to all the ten ‘clans’ that Herodotus named (above, p. 39f.). One of them, the Sagartians, is named by him as paying tribute in the remarkable 14th ‘nomos’ that seems to sweep round Persis from Seistan to the islands off the south coast of Fars. A district of Persis, apparently in the south-east of Fars, is mentioned in the Behistun inscription as containing the place Tarawa (perhaps modern Tarom) where the pretender to the name Bardiya lived; it is named Yautiya, and is thought to be the Outioi whom Herodotus also places in the 14th ‘nomos’. Hinz suggests that these people were made tributary as a punishment by Darius I (Toynbee suggested that the Outioi, Sagartioi, and Makai were all punished in this way); Dandamayev goes further and suggests that only the three principal ‘clans’ of Persians had exemption. The revolt in Persis at the end of 522 BC had been a serious one (above, p. 56). Wahyazdata, the false Bardiya, seems to have won the support of the people there. Dandamayev regards him as a progressive whose aim was to liberate the peasants. If we may judge by Bardiya-Gaumata, whom he was impersonat- ing, we can say that the short section 14 (col. I) at Behistun is concerned with ‘misdeeds’ as much on the religious as the social plane and we can only read ’ some confiscation of land and chattels into it. The information we have about social and economic conditions in Persis comes from the cuneiform tablets in Elamite found at Persepolis. #250 Cook, J. M., The Persian Empire, Book Club Associates, London, 1983, ~ p.85 Yazd : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088569 coordinate: lat 31.897222 long 54.3675 NIMA/GNS names: Yazd , Yezd , يزد , VARIANT names: Hemda , Iex , Isatichae , Isatis , Issatis , Jesd , Jest , Kuththa , Yazd , Yezd , ※ SOURCE for Hemda « The 10. day we trauelled some 20. forsongs to a Town called Hemda, where are great store of Grapes and Muskmillions. » #3481 Robert Couverte, A true and almost incredible ..., William Hall, London, 1612 ~ p. 52 ※ SOURCE for Iex « Seguendo più oltra trovassemo Iex, 292) terra de mistiero, come sarian la- vori di seda, gottoni e ciambelotti et altri simili. Penserano alcuni che quello ch'io dirò non sia vero e pur è vero, come sa quelli che l'hanno visto. Volta circa miglia.5., è murata, ha borgi grandissimi,fn. 292. Iex = Yazd. Cfr. nota 262. Qui il testo sembra corrotto. Da Isfahan, il Barbaro prosegui costantemente in direzione nord, in compagnia del Contarini, fino a Käshän e a Qum e poi a Tabriz. Ora, lasciata Qum, egli raggiungerebbe all'improvviso Yazd, che dista 740 km. verso sud-est. Tenendo conto di quanto scrive in seguito lo stesso Barbaro, sembra probabile che, dopo essersi separato dal Contarini a Tabriz, egli facesse ritorno a Qum e a Käshän, proseguendo poi per Yazd, Shiriz, Hormuz. (Lo.) [ 1,251 / 5,000 Continuing further we found Iex, 292) a land of mystery, as there would be works of silk, bricks and cinder blocks and other similar things. Some will think that what I will say is not true and yet it is true, as those who have seen it know. It is about 5 miles long, it is walled, it has very large villages, fn. 292. Iex = Yazd. Cf. note 262. Here the text seems corrupted. From Isfahan, the Barbarian continued steadily in a northerly direction, in the company of Contarini, up to Käshän and Qum and then to Tabriz. Now, leaving Qum, he would suddenly reach Yazd, which is 740 km. away to the south-east. Taking into account what Barbaro himself wrote later, it seems probable that, after separating from Contarini in Tabriz, he returned to Qum and Käshän, continuing on to Yazd, Shiriz, Hormuz. (Lo.)] » #3310 Lockhart,L. Morozzo Della Rocca,R. Tiepolo,M.F., I viaggi in Persia degli ambasciatori veneti Barbaro e Contarini, Ist. Poligrafico dello Stato, 1973 ~ p. 140 ※ SOURCE for Isatichae owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Isatichae, 54.3675, 31.897223, IR, nkn, exact, 70, tmcIRa0100_036a » assumed to be same as Yaz 12/05/02 ※ SOURCE for Isatis #836 Warrington, John (ed.), Everyman's Atlas of Ancient and Classical Geography, J M Dent and Sons Ltd, 1952, ~ p. 13 ※ SOURCE for Issatis « Gaius Plinius Secundus (Pliny the Elder, d. 79 CE), in his Natural History, mentioned a town of the Parthian period called “Issatis”, which would seem to correspond with the tribal name of the Asagarta/Istachae/Sagartians.(15) Some scholars have proposed that Yazd thus began as Issatis (rendered also Isatichae, Ysatis, Yasatis) in Median or Achaemenian times.(16) Pliny, however, asserted that Issatis was situated in a chora (also choara, choarena: ‘district’) near the southern foothills of the Alburz Mountains - this would perhaps be at or close to Simnān (Semnān), meaning with the Alburz range to the north and the Dašt-i Kavir to the south. That location would fit well with Pliny’s statement that Issatis was built on a clifftop, rather than in the long inter-desert oasis valley where Yazd arose.(17) However, because the Sagartians were nomads, their range of habitation may very well have extended from Simnān down to Yazd by the time of the Parthian kings. Their territory would then skirt the Dašt-i Kavir, lying between those two pastoral zones, and permit the single toponym ‘Issatis’ for both locations in pre-Islamic times.(18)fn. 15 Pliny the Elder (Gaius Plinius Secundus), Natural History, ed. and trans. Horace Rackham and others, 10 vols (London: Heinemann, 1938-63): VI, pp. 44, 113. fn. 16 Tomaschek, Wilhelm, “Zur Historischen Topographie von Persien I: Die Strassenzüge der tabula Peutingeriana”, Sitzungsberichte der Philologisch-Historischen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften 102 (Vienna: Gerold, 1883): pp. 145-231, here p. 165; Markwart (Marquart), Josef, “Beiträge zur Geschichte und Sage von Erān”, ZDMG, XLIX (1895): pp. 628-72, here p. 669. fn. 17 As observed by Christensen, Decline: pp. 288-9 note 21. fn. 18 For additional discussion on the tribe’s possible locations and range see also Frye, Richard N., The History of Ancient Iran (Munich: Beck, 1984): here p. 90; Eilers, Wilhelm, “Asagarta”, in EIr, II (1987): p. 701 (updated version at online reference link ); and Potts, Daniel T., Nomadism in Iran: From Antiquity to the Modern Era (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014): pp. 102-8. » #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ pp. 222-3 ※ SOURCE for Jesd « Jesd or Yezd; Persia 32.5 N 54.46 E 31 Fd » #3168 Alexander Keith Johnston, Index Geographicus Being a List Alphabetically Arranged of the Principal Places on the Globe... and Their Latitudes and Longitudes, W. Blackwood and Sons, Edinburgh, 1864 ~ p. 284 « From Parra we spent eighteene dayes to Jesd, a Citie of Persia, passing through a very desolate countrey. » #2540 Purchas, Samuel, Hakluytus posthumus, or Purchas his pilgrimes : contayning a history of the world in sea voyages and lande travells by Englishmen and others in 20 vols., Glasgow : J. Maclehose, 1905, ~ vol. 3 p. 85 ※ SOURCE for Jest « Drauff kamen wir in die Stadt Jeſt, worinnen man die Seide in groffer Menge sehr kunstlich arbeitet. Sie ist die Hauptstadt in der Provinz Arach, [We then came to the city of Jeſt, where silk is produced in great quantities and very skillfully. It is the capital of the province of Arach.] » #3506 Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz, Lebens- und Todes-Geschichte, worinnen das Tagebuch seiner Reise von Constantinopel aus durch die Bulgarey, Armenien, Persien und Indien ans Licht gestellet von dessen Sohne Heinrich von Poser und Gross-Nedlitz. (Hrsg. von B. Gerlach.), 1675 ~ p. 63 ※ SOURCE for Kuththa « Information from the Tabula Peutingeriana, which survives as a thirteenth century CE copy of a fourth or fifth century CE illustrated itinerarium,19 and is ascribed to a Roman archetype of the first century BCE, is also valuable for locating ancient Yazd. The Tabula notes a Parthian way station called Cetrora (perhaps derived from chora), along a road heading eastward from Hamadan. The place name Cetrora has been compared with an Islamic era toponym Ka?a/Kata/Kasa, meaning ‘hollow’ and hence ‘valley’ from Old Iranian and Avestan kata-, ‘enclosure’, for Yazd.(20) f. n. 20 Tomaschek, “Topographie”: p. 16. Tomaschek’s etymological suggestion, rather than his incorrect geographical locator, was followed by Williams Jackson, Abraham V., Persia Past and Present (London: Macmillan, 1906): pp. 351-2, but erroneously rejected by Christensen, Decline: p. 288, note 21. The toponym is also pronounced Kuththa, according to Barthold, Wilhelm, An Historical Geography of Iran, trans. Svat Soucek (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984): p. 167. Miller, Konrad, Itineraria romana, (Stuttgart: Strecker and Schröder, 1916): p. 797, linked Cetrora to the village of ?abis (present-day Šādāb in Kirman province) which is much too far to the east. » #3152 ed. David Durand-Guédy, Jürgen Paul, Roy Mottahedeh, Cities of Medieval Iran, Brill, Leiden, 2020 ~ p. 223 ※ SOURCE for Yazd and from Nain to Yezd, where I also lived for a month. And from Yezd I proceeded to Sirjan » #623 Nikitin, Athanasy, Khozhenie za tri moria Afanasiia Nikitina, 1466-1472 gg. (Afansy Nikitin's Voyage beyond the Three Seas, 1466-1472), Moskva, 1960, ~ p. 109 ※ SOURCE for Yezd « Yezd is a city about 2 miles in length from north-west to south-east and 1 miles broad. It is built almost entirely of mud or sun-dried bricks, a few of the better houses as well as some of the mosques and other public buildings being faced with burnt bricks.The fort or ancient city is surrounded by a high mud wall flanked by towers at about 50 yards interval. Outside this high wall runs a low one with a command of about 9 feet over the glacis, and giving a second tier of fire. Outside this lower mud wall runs a ditch with perpendicular unrevetted sides of a width and depth of about 20 feet. The weaker points of the building are defended by round towers connected with the main building by arched bridges; the ditch being widened in places so as to include the towers and yet preserve the same width throughout.The Governor lives in a fortified enclosure - the citadel, which is inside the fort. The citadel is the only part of the defences which are not in a ruinous and unserviceable condition. It is similar in construction to the rest of the fort, and like it, has mud walls about 30 to 40 feet in height. These are about 8 feet thick at the base and taper gradually upwards, till at the parapet the thickness does not exced 1 foot.It is entered by two gate-ways, one being on the north-west and the other on the south-east face. The ditch in each instance is crossed by a permanent single-arched bridge.The fort has evidently been unused as such for many years, the interior being choked up with a mass of houses, through which run nar-row winding streets, some of which are roofed over and so low that it is impossible for a horseman to ride through them. In many places all the interior works have fallen away, leaving lines of loop-holes 15 or 16 feet above the ground, where they are quite useless.The fort contains the Jama Masjid, an ancient building, whose lofty minarets are the first object to strike the eye when viewing the city from a distance. Several of the irregularly built bazars of the city wind in and out of the fort on the south-west side, and as they are roofed over, it is hard to tell whether one is inside or outside. » #3269 H. B. Vaughan, Report of a journey through Persia., Superintendent of Government Printing in Calcutta, 1890 ~ pp. 25-26 Yazdanabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088579 coordinate: lat 30.86456 long 56.362018 NIMA/GNS names: Yazdanabad , Yezdanabad , یزدان آباد , VARIANT names: Yazdanabad , Yazd-e Khvast : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: WLL UFI: -3197403 coordinate: lat 28.266667 long 54.416667 NIMA/GNS names: Yazd-e Khvast , Yesd-i-Khast , Yezd-i-Khast , VARIANT names: Yazdahawast , Yazd-e Khvast , Yazd-i-khast , Yezd-Khast , ※ SOURCE for Yazdahawast « Yazdahawast VI D4 Id au Sud de Hasu Iran Cité de la circonscription de Darabagird R 157, Muq 52, 422 Yaq II, 560, LS 291, Schw 109 » #2912 Georgette Cornu, Atlas du monde arabo-islamique a l'epoque classique IXe-Xe siecles, E.J. Brill, Leiden, 1985, ~ p. 47 ※ SOURCE for Yazd-i-khast « Good track across Yazd-i-khast, to two wells in the midst of hills. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 59 ※ SOURCE for Yezd-Khast « In two days we arrived at the plain of Yezd-Khast, 3900 feet above the sea, where there was a large camp of a tribe of that name. As I rode up to the camp I saw there were nothing but women in it, and was told that the men had gone to the east to settle a dispute with some villagers. There are said to be extensive ruins near here. » #1754 Vaughan, H. B., Journeys in Persia (1890-91), The Geographical Journal, London, 1896 (Jan.), 7:1:24-41 ~ p. 26 Yesuj : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3198290 coordinate: lat 30.66820613 long 51.58601796 NIMA/GNS names: Yasooj , Yasuj , Yesuj , ياسوج , يسج , يسوج , VARIANT names: Yesuj , Yiti : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -789379 coordinate: lat 23.517124 long 58.665039 NIMA/GNS names: Yiti , يتي , VARIANT names: Etem , Yiti , ※ SOURCE for Etem « Having passed this town of Curiate, there is another which they call Etem(1), where the king of Ormus had a fortress. Leaving this fortress, there is then a town which they call Masquate, fn. 1 Etem. Here the Spanish version has Sar, perhaps a reduplication of Sor. No name resembling Etem can be found in any map, ancient or modern. It was evidently an insignificant place. Ramusio gives the name as Ceti. [This may be read Sar or Sari.-St.] » #40 Barbosa, Duarte, The Book of Duarte Barbosa, an Account of the Countries Bordering on the Indian Ocean and Their Inhabitants. Translated by M. L. Dames, Hakluyt Society:Asian Educational Services, London:New Delhi, 1918-21:2002 ~ vol.1 p.71 fn.1 « The distortions are perhaps most violent in Barbosa where Sur becomes Char, Qalhāt Calarate. Tiwi Terue. Daghmar Dagino. Suḥar Coquiar and Khawr Fakkān Profam. His Etem, which defeated Longworth Dames, is obviously Yiti. » #2592 Beckingham CF., Some notes on the Portuguese in Oman, Journal of Oman Studies, Muscat, 1983 vol. 6:pt. 1: ~ p.18 ※ SOURCE for Yiti « Waqdi Maih - One of the principal valleys of the Masqat District in the Sultanate of ^Oman, having its rise in the northern slopes of Eastern Hajar about 21 miles south by east of Masqat Town. It runs first for 14 miles to the north-west and then, turning to the north-east, reaches the sea 12 miles further on at Yiti. » #660 Lorimer, John Gordon, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Oman and Central Arabia, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1915 ~ vol. 2 p. 1126 Only two small sites are known W of Bandar Khayran, that is Yiti (YTl) on the beach E of the modern village, and Khawr Yenkit (KTl), a small scatter of shells on a cape inside the khawr. » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, vol. 38:no. 1/4:pp. 271-291 ~ p.271 Yiti (YT1) : arch. site OMN UTM: FB708037 converted to coordinate: lat 23.5346196363372 long 58.6731411459458 VARIANT names: Yiti (YT1) , ※ SOURCE for Yiti (YT1) « Shell midden » #2649 Paolo Biagi, Surveys along the Oman Coast: Preliminary Report on the 1985-1988 Campaigns, East and West, Rome, ~ p. 286 Yod Kusht (G1) : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none figure overlay basis for coordinate: lat 27.641654 long 52.485289 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Yahud-Kush , Yod Kusht (G1) , ※ SOURCE for Yahud-Kush « Yod Kusht (Gl, Stein's Yahud-Kush) is located on a high, flat ridge on the south side of a mountain about one farsakh from the coastal village of Parak. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 86 ※ SOURCE for Yod Kusht (G1) « Yod Kusht (Gl, Stein's Yahud-Kush) is located on a high, flat ridge on the south side of a mountain about one farsakh from the coastal village of Parak. The site measures 100 x 250 m and includes a caravanserai, at least four cisterns, and vaulted buildings. All structures were made of plaster and pink limestone, which was quarried in the vicinity. Most of the buildings are simple one-room shelters, though there is one two-room building with its vaulted roof still intact. Otherwise the preserved height is generally about 1.5 m. Some of the buildings have three-quarters round buttresses on the angles; the cisterns generally measure 15 to 20 x 5 m, with rounded comers. The site is the meeting point of a track from the minor port of Shirinu. Stein visited this caravanserai and the cisterns, which he described as near a narrow palm grove known as Badamesh. » #3159 Siraf. History, Topography and Environment (The British Institute of Persian Studies Archaeological Monographs Series I ):, Oxbow, Oxford, 2009 ~ p. 87 yord : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 27.893895 long 53.164497 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: Jain temple ? یورد VARIANT names: yord , Yunesi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088688 coordinate: lat 34.805263 long 58.437629 NIMA/GNS names: Yunesi , Yunosi , Yunsi , یونسی , VARIANT names: Yunesi , Yunsi , ※ SOURCE for Yunsi « We halted a day at Bajistan, and thence marched to Yunsi, near an arm of the great salt desert of Khurasan. It is pretended that this place takes its name from the Prophet Jonah, who, when the sea reached so far, was thrown up there by the whale. Apart from its similarity of name, I can find no grounds for so strange a supposition; but I cannot say that I have heard it maintained beyond the limits of the district claiming the venerable association. The map, following Christie, has hitherto shown the stage to be "Oonshy"; I think, however, that Yunsi or Yunasi (if it came indeed from Yúnas) is the more correct spelling. By all accounts famine has not spared this village, and its mark is now visible in the poverty and reduced population represented. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 80 Yusefabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3793698 coordinate: lat 33.45265 long 47.341764 NIMA/GNS names: Yusef , Yusefabad , يوسف , یوسف آباد , VARIANT names: Yusefabad , Z1 Rayin : arch. site IRN UTM: 5726, 2936 converted to coordinate: lat 29.6 long 57.4333333333333 VARIANT names: Z1 Rayin , ※ SOURCE for Z1 Rayin « Other variants: Rayen Details: An equivalent version o f the place name, Rayen, is listed, however the Northing given o f 2934 (USBGN: 444) is marked differently on the TPC (Sheet H-7A). The latter source is more recent and therefore the TPC ocation has been given. No. of sherds: 3 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Z2 Rayin : arch. site IRN UTM: 5726, 2936 converted to coordinate: lat 29.6 long 57.4333333333333 VARIANT names: Z2 Rayin , ※ SOURCE for Z2 Rayin « Other variants: Rayen Details: See Z1. No. of sherds: 20 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Z3 Rayin : arch. site IRN UTM: 5726, 2936 converted to coordinate: lat 29.6 long 57.4333333333333 VARIANT names: Z3 Rayin , ※ SOURCE for Z3 Rayin « Other variants: Rayen Details: See Z1. No. of sherds: 22 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Z4 Rayin : arch. site IRN UTM: 5726, 2936 converted to coordinate: lat 29.6 long 57.4333333333333 VARIANT names: Z4 Rayin , ※ SOURCE for Z4 Rayin « Other variants: Rayen Details: See Z1. No. of sherds: 0 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Z6 Tarikhistan : arch. site IRN UTM: 5810, 2909 converted to coordinate: lat 29.15 long 58.1666666666667 VARIANT names: Z6 Tarikhistan , ※ SOURCE for Z6 Tarikhistan « Other variants: Tarikhistan Details: An equivalent version o f the place name, Tarikastan, is listed as an archaeological site and the location o f this is given (USBGN: 444). No. of sherds: 206 » #2855 Priestman, Seth M.N., Settlement and ceramics in Southern Iran: An analysis of the Sasanian and Islamic periods in the Williamson collection, Durham these, Durham University, Durham, 2005 ~ Table 16 All of the known sites from the Williamson Survey derived from a combination of information taken from the sherd collection and Site Cards. pp. 365-391 Zabol : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3781433 coordinate: lat 31.0306 long 61.4949 NIMA/GNS names: Zabol , زابل , VARIANT names: Nasirabad , Nuṣratabad , Zabol , Zarand_j_ , Zarang , ※ SOURCE for Nasirabad #EI2 « Nasirabad » in {map#1274 in #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873 43:65-83 ~ fig. Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-had by Sistun} ※ SOURCE for Nuṣratabad #EI2 ※ SOURCE for Zarang see ZARANG [XI:458a] #EI2 Zabur-e `Aynak : stream grp 41 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 6180838 coordinate: lat 31.5291667 long 64.3258333 NIMA/GNS names: Zabur-e `Aynak , VARIANT names: Zabur-e `Aynak , NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 14.2126587856209 long 44.4034185153825 VARIANT names: Zafar , ※ SOURCE for Zafar « Ẓafār or Dhafar is an ancient Himyarite site situated in Yemen, some 130 km south-south-east of today's capital, Sana'a, and c. 10 kilometres southeast of Yarim. » at online reference link « Note i.—Dufar. The name is variously pronounced Dhafar, Dhofar, Zhafâr, and survives attached to a well-watered and fertile plain district opening on the sea, nearly 400 miles east of Shehr, though according to Haines there is now no town of the name. I bn Batuta speaks of the city as situated at the extremity of Yemen (“the province of Aden”), and mentions its horse-trade, its unequalled dirt, stench, and flies, and consequent diseases. » #2066 Yule, Henry, Sir, The book of Ser Marco Polo, the Venetian : concerning the kingdoms and marvels of the East, J. Murray, London, 1903 ~ vol.2 p. 445 fn. 1 Zafarabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088753 coordinate: lat 29.4119 long 52.5833 NIMA/GNS names: Zafarabad , ظفر آباد , VARIANT names: Sefer-Abåd , Zafarabad , ※ SOURCE for Sefer-Abåd « Laissant à gauche le village de Sefer-Abåd, nous nous portâmes sur celui de Dewlet-Abâd. Ce dernier, où nous passâmes la nuit, n'est composé que de soixante feux. Une eau courante, venant de Baba-Hadji, en arrose le territoire, qui pro- duit du blé, de l'orge et du riz. [Leaving the village of Sefer-Abåd on the left, we went to that of Dewlet-Abâd. The latter, where we spent the night, is composed of only sixty fires. Running water, coming from Baba-Hadji, irrigates the territory, which produces wheat, barley and rice.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 68 Zagh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088764 coordinate: lat 28.665 long 53.0085 NIMA/GNS names: Zagh , زاغ , VARIANT names: Zagh , Zagh chahar taq : arch. site IRN UTM: none, possible centre of location area at coordinate: lat 28.6623147909579 long 53.0006445394433 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Zagh chahar taq , ※ SOURCE for Zagh chahar taq « Une trentaine de km. plus loin, à l'ouest du village de Zāgh, s'élève un petit édifice de plan carré qui ne fait que 4,30 m. de côté à l'extérieur, et 3 m. à l'intérieur. Les portes percées dans chacun des murs sont hautes de 1,60 m. et larges de 1,10 m. Les murs eux-mêmes, hauts de 2,30 m. ont une épaisseur de 0,65 m. La partie sud-est est partiellement ruinée. [About thirty km. further, to the west of the village of Zāgh, stands a small square building which is only 4.30 m. on each side on the outside, and 3 m. on the inside. The doors pierced in each of the walls are 1.60 m. high and 1.10 m wide. The walls themselves, 2.30 m. high, have a thickness of 0.65 m. The south-eastern part is partially ruined.] » #3101 Vanden Berghe, L, Récentes découvertes de monuments sassanides dans le Fars, Iranica antiqua, Leiden, 1961 Vol.1: pp.163-198 ~ p. 191 Zagheh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088781 coordinate: lat 33.500338 long 48.708093 NIMA/GNS names: Zagheh , Zagheh , Zagheh-ye `Olya , Zagheh-ye Bala , Zagheh-ye Pa'in , Zagheh-ye Sofla , زاغه , زاغه عليا , VARIANT names: Zagheh , Zagheh : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS names: Zagha , Zagheh , زاغ , زاغه , زاغه , VARIANT names: Zagheh , ※ SOURCE for Zagheh « hence a slight descent over a rocky surface to the camping ground, which is situated on the slopes overlooking Zagach, and is high and open, but rather stony. Zägheh, which lies to the S. of the road, is a small walled village surrounded byrich cultivation, with a good caravanserai. » #3485 Routes in Persia Volume II. (North-Western Persia), Printed at the government monotype press, Simla, 1923 ~ p. 159 Zaghi : place OMN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -789150 coordinate: lat 25.705836 long 56.272112 NIMA/GNS names: Thaghi , Thagi , Zaghi , زغي , VARIANT names: Zaghi , ※ SOURCE for Zaghi « Kemball's 1901 Report (Walker 1994; vol.5, 32) gives Yasir b Sinan as the shaikh of Dibba Bai'ah, with Karshah, Zaghi, Haffa, and Shariyah; he was an independent, permanent chief but considered a subject by Masqat, paying zakat on dates to the wali at Khasab. The ruler of Dibba Husn was Ahmad b Sultan al-Qasimi, who also held the places to Bidiya. Lorimer (1908-15; vol 2, 1006) says Dibba Bai'ah had c. 450 houses of Bani Shutair and a few Bani Hadiya, and lived by cultivating dates and fishing; » #2813 William Lancaster, Fidelity Lancaster, Honour is in Contentment Life Before Oil in Ras Al-Khaimah (UAE) and Some Neighbouring Regions, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 2011 ~ p. 496 Zahedan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088798 coordinate: lat 28.750011 long 53.802164 NIMA/GNS names: Zahed Shahr , Zahedan , Zahidan , زاهد شهر , زاهدان , VARIANT names: Zahedan , Zahidan , Zahrdeh , ※ SOURCE for Zahidan « Zahidan » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} ※ SOURCE for Zahrdeh « Zahrdeh is a large village, with fruit gardens and a few date palms, and a quantity of cultivation around it, so that snoplies of grain are assured. There are also at least 100 cows, and from 300 to 400 sheep and goats available. A large white domed tomb close to village on north-west side forms a good landmark for these parts. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 123 Zahidan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088799 coordinate: lat 29.4963 long 60.8629 NIMA/GNS names: Dowzdab , Duzdab , Duzdap , Zahedan , Zahedan-e (Yek) , Zahidan , Zaidan , زاهدان , VARIANT names: Zahidan , Zahir Khan : arch. site IRN VARIANT names: Zahir Khan , ※ SOURCE for Zahir Khan « 1246. ZAHIR KHAN Original: Lat. 32º 19’ N, long. 63º 13’ E. approximately. Map 73. Revised: 32.36729074 N, 63.20820103 E / 32º 22’ 02.24666904 N, 63º 12’ 29.52369576 E. Farāh Province. C.110 km south of Farāh Rūd on the west side of the road, on the Charāgh Rūd near the 775 km post (from Kābul). Description: Remains of a rectangular fortress, c.35 x 20 m in area and 12 m in height, built of slabs of stone in mud mortar. » #3512 Warwick Ball, Archaeological Gazetteer of Afghanistan, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2019 ~ p. 406 Zahr Shir feuerheiligtumer : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088815 coordinate: lat 28.5644 long 53.8337 NIMA/GNS names: Zahr Shir , Zahr-e Shir , ظهر شیر , VARIANT names: Zahr Shir feuerheiligtumer , ※ SOURCE for Zahr Shir feuerheiligtumer « Zahršihr, FārsI Das Dorf liegt auf halbem Wege zwischen Fasā und Gahrum, 42 km öst- lich von dem zweiten Ort entfernt. Die Anlage selbst liegt 600-700 m linker Hand der in Richtung Gahrum führenden Straße (s. Abb. 84, 85). [Zahršihr, FārsI The village is located halfway between Fasā and Gahrum, 42 km east of the second place. The complex itself is located 600-700 m to the left of the road leading towards Gahrum (see Fig. 84, 85). ] » #3098 Klaus Schippmann, Die iranischen Feuerheiligtümer, De Gruyter, Berlin ; Boston, 1971 ~ p. 85 Zainubi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089365 coordinate: lat 26.8845 long 55.9586 NIMA/GNS names: Zainubi , Zeynabi , Zeynubi , زينبی , زينوبی , VARIANT names: Zainubi , Zanobe , ※ SOURCE for Zanobe « Zanobe » in {map#1320 'tracing showing the route and coast line from Mogoo bay to the town of Bunder Abbas. (vide report no. 6 of 1864)' [?236a] (1/2) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, ST 393, vol 17, p 236a, in Qatar Digital Library, , 1864, } Zaiti : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3197460 coordinate: lat 31.517 long 50.464 NIMA/GNS names: Darreh Zeyti , Zaiti , Zeyt , دره زیتی , زيت , VARIANT names: Zaiti , Zakiya : place IRQ NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3112494 coordinate: lat 31.3666667 long 47.4333333 NIMA/GNS names: Zachiya , Zachiyeh , Zajiyah , Zakiya , Zakiyah , Zichiyah , VARIANT names: Yzaquya , Zacquya , Zakie , Zakieh , Zakiya , Zakiyya , zaqia , Zaqua , Zaquia , Zaquia , Zaqujas , Zaquya , Zekiyye , ※ SOURCE for Yzaquya « 1546 Janeiro 10 Ormuz Senhor: Depois de ter espryto a Vosa S. como hos turquos tynhão feyta huma fortalleza hem Yzaquya (soube) que fora elRey de Baçora … » #2545 Edic¸a~o cri´tica por Armando Cortesa~o e Lui´s de Albuquerque, Obras completas de D. Joa~o de Castro, Academia Internacional da Cultura Portuguesa, Coimbra, 1968-1981 ~ vol. 3 p. 117 « YZAQUYA- V.: ZAQUIA » #2545 Edic¸a~o cri´tica por Armando Cortesa~o e Lui´s de Albuquerque, Obras completas de D. Joa~o de Castro, Academia Internacional da Cultura Portuguesa, Coimbra, 1968-1981 ~ vol. 3 p. 490 ※ SOURCE for Zacquya « E com esta carta mandey hum purtugues para ver a fortalleza de Zacquya [And with this letter send a purtugues to see the fortress of Zacquya] » #2545 Edic¸a~o cri´tica por Armando Cortesa~o e Lui´s de Albuquerque, Obras completas de D. Joa~o de Castro, Academia Internacional da Cultura Portuguesa, Coimbra, 1968-1981 ~ vol. 3 p. 240 ※ SOURCE for Zakie « 7 Zakie oppidum » in {map#1080 Vera delinatio civitatis Bassorae, Thévenot, Melchisédech, 1660-1679, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE DD-2987 (6655)} ※ SOURCE for Zakieh « Zakieh » in {map#1081 L'Euphrate et le Tigre / Par le Sr d'Anville, Anville, Jean-Baptiste d', 1779, Bibliothèque nationale de France, département Cartes et plans, GE D-14899} ※ SOURCE for Zakiyya « The eyalet of Basra, under the control of a beylerbeyi, consisted of a number of sanjaks (liva); each sanjak was under a sancakbeyi. The beylerbeyi himself was at the head of the actual sanjak of Basra, which was called pasa sancagi. The other sanjaks, as far as we can judge from the documents existing in the State Archives of Istanbul, were Garraf, Hemmar, Madina, Fethiyya, Zakiyya, Kurna, Sadr Sevib, Rahmaniyya, Turra-i Jezayir, Keyn Kinad (?), Ma'dan, Väki, Kinahiyya, Tasköprü, Akçakale, Arja, Muharri, Sharir and Jarur (39). fn. 39 Cf. for example, Ruus 225, p. 222 (see Appendix IV); also the kanun-name of Basra of 1574-75 in R. Mantran, "Règlements fiscaux ottoman, La province de Bassora (2° moitié du XVIe siècle)", in Journal of Economic and Social History of the Orient, X/2-3, (Leiden, 1967), pp. 224-227. It is difficult to find some of the names of the sanjaks on the map. Some of these names seem to have indicated the Arab tribes in the Jezayir district. Most of them are, however, mentioned in the Vera Delineatio Civitatis Bassorae, Paris, 1680 (?). See the Catalogue of Printed Maps in the British Museum, 49475 (!). Cf. also S. Özbaran, "XVI. Yüzyilda Basra Körfezi Sahillerinde Osmanlilar, Basra Beylerbeyliginin Kurulusu", TD, 25 (Istanbul, 1971), pp. 57 ff. » #377 Ozbaran, Salih, The Ottoman response to European expansion, Studies on Ottoman-Portuguese Relations in the Indian Ocean and Ottoman Administration in the Arab Lands during the Sixteenth Century, Isis Press, Istanbul, 1994 ~ pp. 128 ※ SOURCE for zaqia « zaqia » in {map#884 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 5V., Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see PMC vol. 2 EST 216 and AHduGP map 31 ※ SOURCE for Zaqua « Zaqua » in {map#1046 Atlas de Lázaro Luís FOL. 8R, Lazaro Luis, 1563, Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, atlas de dez folhas} see AHduGP map 32 ※ SOURCE for Zaquia « Zaquia » in {map#576 15ª carta: Mar Vermelho e Golfo Pérsico, Livro De Marinharia, de João de Lisboa, anonymous, 1560, Arquivo Nacional, Torre do Tombo, Lisbon, Colecção Cartográfica, n.º 166} see PMC vol. 1 EST 96A and AHduGP map 25 and in {map#834 Eastern Africa, Arabia, and India, Fernão Vaz Dourado, 1550-1575, The Huntington Library HM41 fol11} see PMC vol. 3 EST 269 and AHduGP map 34 ※ SOURCE for Zaquia « e este prometera entregar a fortaleza dentro de uma semana a quem o rei de Ormuz mandasse. Refere que o rei de Zaquia chamara os turcos de Bagdade e lhes oferecera uma fortaleza, a fim de que eles o favorecessem [and he had promised to hand over the fortress within a week to whoever the king of Ormuz commanded. He mentions that the king of Zaquia called the Turks from Baghdad and offered them a fortress, so that they would favor him.] » #2545 Edic¸a~o cri´tica por Armando Cortesa~o e Lui´s de Albuquerque, Obras completas de D. Joa~o de Castro, Academia Internacional da Cultura Portuguesa, Coimbra, 1968-1981 ~ vol. 3 p. 133 ※ SOURCE for Zaqujas « … e m'escreue que a gente do Xatamaz e os gizares vierão sobre duas fortalezas que lhe tinhão tomado os Turcos e huma dellas que era cousa fraqua tomarão e a outra fortaleza que se chama Zaqujas não poderão tomar e os gizares, … Ajmda m'escreue Domingos Barbudo que as ilhas em que viuem os gizares são tres mil e setenta e que ha nellas trymta mil espingardeiros, mas a pior cousa que tem serem mujtos capitães, porque cada Ilha fiqua com a força sobre sy e as vezes a descomfirmidade amtr'elles, e sua casta he serem arabios. La mamdo a V. S. a carta que me Domyngos Barbudo escreueo, que comta todalas cousas de Baçora. [… and I write that the people of Xatamaz and the Gizars will come over two fortresses that the Turks had taken and one of them, which was weak, they will take and the other fortress called Zaqujas will not be able to take and the Gizares, … Help me write to Domingos Barbudo that there are three thousand and seventy islands on which the Gizari have been seen and that there are a thousand riflemen in them, but the worst thing is that there are many captains, because each island has the power over itself and sometimes the amtr'elles discomfirmation, and their caste he being Arabs. I send to you the letter that Domyngos Barbudo wrote to me, which contains all things about Baçora.] » #2545 Edic¸a~o cri´tica por Armando Cortesa~o e Lui´s de Albuquerque, Obras completas de D. Joa~o de Castro, Academia Internacional da Cultura Portuguesa, Coimbra, 1968-1981 ~ vol. 3 p. 481 ※ SOURCE for Zaquya « 1546 Janeiro 6 Ormuz ... fazião huma fortalleza hem Yzaquja, que he hum dia de camynho de Baçora; Zaquya he hum senhorio jumto com Baçora, ho qual tem sempre guerra com elRey de Baçora, e por se vymguar delle espreueo ao turquo que mãodase fazer huma fortalleza hem sua terra [1546 January 6 Ormuz ... made a fortress in Yzaquja, which was one day on the way to Baçora; Zaquya is a landlord together with Baçara, who is always at war with the King of Baçora, and for taking advantage of him to hide from the Turks, he has to make a fortress in his land.] » #2545 Edic¸a~o cri´tica por Armando Cortesa~o e Lui´s de Albuquerque, Obras completas de D. Joa~o de Castro, Academia Internacional da Cultura Portuguesa, Coimbra, 1968-1981 ~ vol. 3 p. 116 « Quanto has to de Zaquya veo houtro baxa pera Baguada » #2545 Edic¸a~o cri´tica por Armando Cortesa~o e Lui´s de Albuquerque, Obras completas de D. Joa~o de Castro, Academia Internacional da Cultura Portuguesa, Coimbra, 1968-1981 ~ vol. 3 p. 258 ※ SOURCE for Zekiyye « son collègue de Baghdad au printemps 1565(19). L'affaire était importante, car le sancakbey de Zekiyye(20) faisait savoir que Madina, Rahmaniyye et Fethiyye (21) étaient également assiégées(22). Pour répondre à la situation, une série de firmans expédiés le 24 mai ordonnait, outre les troupes déjà four- nies par Baghdad, l'envoi de renforts par les beylerbey de Sehrizor et de Diyarbekir, que leur collègue de Baghdad dépêcherait sur le front dès leur arrivée à Baghdad (décisions confirmées par de nouveaux firmans expédiés les 12 et 30 juin) (23). En fait, les Arabes furent repoussés avant l'arrivée des renforts, sans doute dans le courant du mois de juillet (24), Les ordres étaient donc de démobiliser, tout en restant sur ses gardes (25). fn. 19 MD VI-1176, expédié le 24 mai 1565. fn. 20 Siège de sancak du vilayet de Basra, qu'Özbaran (« XVI yüzyilda Basra Körfezi», art. cit.), situe par inadvertance sur l'Euphrate dans le texte de son article (p. 55), mais sur la rive droite du Tigre un peu en amont de Qurna dans sa carte (id., p. 78). C'est bien ce que montrent la très belle Vera delineatio civitatis Bassorae de 1680, BNF, Cartes et plans, Ge DD 2987 (n°7) et la carte de d'Anville de 1779, BNF, Cartes et plans, Ge D 10831A, (cf. reproduction de celle de 1755 in Slot, op. cit., p. 65 et ibid. p. 50 le Sakie de la carte des frères Ottens). On en trouve confirmation dans le document MD VI-857, expédié le 13 mars 1565, qui indique que Zekiyye est proche de Nehr[evlân (sur la rive gauche: cf. les mêmes cartes et le n° 41 de la delineatio). Sur la soumission de la place aux Ottomans à la fin de 1544 ou au tout début de 1545. cf. 94 vo du document E 12321 des archives du Palais de Topkapi (ordre nº 213, p. 172-173 de l'édition de Sahillioglu (Halil), Topkapi Sarayi Arsivi H. 951-952 Tarihli ve E-12321 Numarali Mühimme Defteri, Istanbul, IRCICA, 2001). fn. 21 Fethiyye se trouve sur la rive gauche de l'Euphrate entre Qurna et Madina (nº 9 de la Delineatio et cartes citées ci-dessus). En revanche je n'ai pas pu situer Rahmaniyye. fn. 22 Informations également fournies par le beylerbey de Baghdad in MD VI-176. fn. 23 MD VI-176, 177, 178, 1269, 1270, 1271, 1272, 1319, 1320, 1321, 1322, 1323. Le beylerbey de Sehrizor devait participer en personne à l'expédition, de même qu'Ebû Ris, seigneur arabe de "Ane. fn. 24 Le sultan fait état de l'information dans une lettre expédiée le 16 août (MD V-122.) On sait (MD V-123) que le beylerbey de Sehrizor avait reçu le 3 muharrem / 31 juillet 1565 le çavus lui portant l'ordre de partir (sans doute MD VI-1322 expédié le 30 juin). Il ne lui fallait sans doute pas beaucoup de temps pour gagner Baghdad. » #2952 Nicolas Vatin, Un territoire “bien gardé” du sultan? Les Ottomans dans leur vilâyet de Basra, 1565-1568, in: ed. Elie Podeh, Eyal Ginio, The Ottoman Middle East, Studies in Honor of Amnon Cohen, Brill, Leiden, 2014, ~ p. 68 Zalemi : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3766844 coordinate: lat 27.7535 long 52.7956 NIMA/GNS names: Zalemi , ظالمی , VARIANT names: Zalemi , Zangali river : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3088930 coordinate: lat 26.055487 long 57.200844 NIMA/GNS names: Rud-e Zangali , Rudkhaneh-ye Zangali , Rudkhaneh-ye Zangi , Rudkhaneh-ye Zangoli , Zangah Rud , Zangali Rud , رود زنگلی , رودخانه زنگلی , رودخانه زنگی , رودخانۀ زنگلی , VARIANT names: Zangali river , Zangeneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088940 coordinate: lat 28.861344 long 54.156502 NIMA/GNS names: Zangeneh , زنگنه , VARIANT names: Zangeneh , Zangiabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088953 coordinate: lat 30.4102 long 56.9172 NIMA/GNS names: Zangiabad , زنگی آباد , VARIANT names: Zangiabad , Zangichah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3789864 coordinate: lat 34.803264 long 57.491336 NIMA/GNS names: Robat-e Zangi Chah , Zangichah , رباط زنگی چاه , زنگیچاه , VARIANT names: Zangichah , Zangiran (old) : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.069847 long 52.621492 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: ruins of village. VARIANT names: Zangiran (old) , POSSIBLE LOCATION at Zangiran (old) FOR Bumhan [PBR], POSSIBLE LOCATION at Zangiran (old) FOR Banguman [PBR], Zangu Mameh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088973 coordinate: lat 27.790562 long 53.038967 NIMA/GNS names: Zangi Mameh , Zangooyeh , Zangu , Zangu Mameh , Zanguye , Zanguyeh , زنگویه , VARIANT names: Zangu Mameh , Zangur Mama , ※ SOURCE for Zangur Mama « Zangur Mama » in {map#1172 Index Map to routes in Persia vol. IV part II., , 1922, [?308r] (1/2), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, f 308, in Qatar Digital Library fig. Index Map to routes in Persia vol. IV part II.} Zangu-Mamelay fort and well : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.78478 long 53.068941 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: needs verification, cannot find any references apart from Butcher. VARIANT names: Zangu-Mamelay fort and well , ※ SOURCE for Zangu-Mamelay fort and well « We now traverse a grassy valley, and, after advancing two furlongs, pass many ruins of stone houses, which continue to border the west side of the road for about quarter of a mile till, at 11 miles 4-6 furlongs, we arrive at the village and Fort of Zangu-Mamelay, situated near the foot of the range Hawa in a vallev about 6 miles broad. Altitude above sea, 2.337 feet. The houses, of mad and stone with flat earth roofs, are built round, and open on to an inner square vard. It possesses a stone fort, a large irrigation well, and a cistern full of good water. Inhabitants, about 200. » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ p. 19 The location can be identified from the sketch « Zangu Mamelay, looking North in the Marz Haftawan valley » #3208 Samuel Butcher, Persia 1888. From Rishir to Bunder Abbas, 1888 ~ opp. p. 18 Zanjiran : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3088981 coordinate: lat 29.0569 long 52.621 NIMA/GNS names: Qal`eh Zanjiran , Shahrak-e Zanjiran , Zanjiran , شهرک زنجیران , VARIANT names: Zangeroo , Zanjiran , Zendjiran , Zunjilan , Zunjiran , ※ SOURCE for Zangeroo « Zangeroo 22 miles A caravansera. Road four miles through the valley, sixteen miles through the pass, remainder a small plain: greater part of the road very bad. At six miles a small fort, called Kadgee. » #3021 John Macdonald Kinneir, A Geographical Memoir of the Persian Empire, John Murray, London, 1813 ~ p. 460 ※ SOURCE for Zanjiran « We came out above the Khwaji plain, passed Zanjiran on our right a wellbuilt mud fort on a stony mound and sought quarters in Jawakan, the nearest village on the plain. » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ vol. 1 p. 83 ※ SOURCE for Zendjiran « nous prenons le chemin du village de Zendjirân, que l'on ne découvre qu'a- près avoir dépassé quelques jardins enclos de murs. Ce village, contenant une vingtaine de familles, est bâti dans un enfoncement fermé par trois collines. Il était autrefois sur celle qui est à droite, où l'on ne voit plus que des décombres. Zendjirån fait partie du district de Kodjai, village à deux farsengs à l'ouest, et dépend du gouverneur de Firouz-Abad. [we take the road to the village of Zendjirân, which we only discover after passing some walled gardens. This village, containing about twenty families, is built in a hollow enclosed by three hills. It was formerly on the one on the right, where we now see only rubble. Zendjirån is part of the district of Kodjai, a village two farsengs to the west, and depends on the governor of Firouz-Abad.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 2 p. 66 ※ SOURCE for Zunjilan « Zunjilan in route Lingah to Shiraz» #3334 Routes in Asia: Routes in Persia and Balochistan, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1878 ~ p. 344 ※ SOURCE for Zunjiran « At 17 miles, village of Zunjiran, with trees and gardens of right. (There is space enough for a small force near the caravanserai, at mouth of 'defile, and abundance of room off left, near the torrent). » #3091 C M Macgregor, Central Asia. Part IV. A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, and history of Persia., Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta, 1871 ~ p. 736 Zanjiran castle : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 29.068105 long 52.621986 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Lanjeroo Ft , Zanjeloon Fort , Zanjiran castle , ※ SOURCE for Lanjeroo Ft « Lanjeroo Ft » in {map#1231 ‘Sketch of Lieut. Snodgrass’s Route from Bushire to Shiraz, via Feruzabad, A.D. 1810’, , , [1r] (1/2), British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3118, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Zanjeloon Fort « Zanjeloon Fort » in {map#1233 Route Map Shiraz to Bushire round trip, TAYLOR R L Lieutenant-Colonel, 1858, British Library: IOR X/3125, route map 5} Zaqeh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPLQ UFI: -3793713 coordinate: lat 33.4782 long 47.8232 NIMA/GNS names: Kur Shurab-e `Olya , Zaqeh , Zegh-e Kur Shurab , زغ كور شوراب , زقه , کور شورآب علیا , VARIANT names: Zaqeh , Zarabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089000 coordinate: lat 26.3233 long 57.2385 NIMA/GNS names: Zarabad , Zaradad , زر آباد , VARIANT names: Zarabad , Zerabad , ※ SOURCE for Zerabad « 9-25 A.M. crossed a river, not much water in it, but the banks high?? ?? and steep, about 160 yards across. At 8-53 passed the village of?? Zerabad on the left: 9-45 passed through the village of Sakui, and 10-45 arrived at Karut. Distance 16 miles. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 32 Zarand : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089009 coordinate: lat 30.812709 long 56.563993 NIMA/GNS names: Zarand , زرند , VARIANT names: Zarand , Zaranj : place AFG NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3396598 coordinate: lat 30.9666667 long 61.8833333 NIMA/GNS names: Zaranas , Zaranj , Zhazang , VARIANT names: Zaranj , Zaravan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089223 coordinate: lat 27.511456 long 54.195617 NIMA/GNS names: Zaravan , Zarun , Zarvan , زروان , VARIANT names: Sarapascan , Zaravan , ※ SOURCE for Sarapascan « After the 20th hour of the 6th I got back on my horse, and after a little traveling in a plain I began to go up a very difficult mountain on a spiral ing road that was so narrow that on its outer side they have built a waist high wall. At the time of the Angelus we stopped to eat at a caravanserai called Sarapascan » #3299 trans. Clara Bargellini ed. Anthony Welch Ambrosio Bembo, The Travels and Journal of Ambrosio Bembo, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 2007 ~ p. 292 Zargan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089115 coordinate: lat 29.7741 long 52.7235 NIMA/GNS names: Zargan , Zarghanak , Zarqan , زرقان , VARIANT names: Serghoen , Sergoen , Zargan , Zarghan , Zarghun , Zargoone , Zercon , Zerghun , Zergoon , Zurgoon , ※ SOURCE for Serghoen « Continuing from Chihil Minar, Stodart arrived at Zarghan, which was a poor town situated on the side of a hill one English mile from Rustam's tomb (i.e. Naqsh-i Rustam, the tomb of Darius I), which had been turned into a mosque. Here was good water. Speelman recorded that the village was divided into two parts, and built close to the slope of the moun-tain. Fryer called it a poor village inhabited by mule-teers, while Hedges considered it a large and exceed-ing pleasant one, in a plain full of vineyards. (75) 75 Stodart, p. 76 (Zargoone); Speelman, pp. 105-6 (Serghoen); Fryer, vol. II. p. 218 (Zergoon); Hedges, p. 208 (Zurgoon); KA 1793, fol. 1013b (Sergoen); Winninx, 3 November (Sergoe); de Silva y Figueroa, p. 140 (Zargan); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 301 (Sergoen); Carmelites, loc. cit. (Band-i Amir, Zarghan; karavansaray). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Sergoen « Continuing from Chihil Minar, Stodart arrived at Zarghan, which was a poor town situated on the side of a hill one English mile from Rustam's tomb (i.e. Naqsh-i Rustam, the tomb of Darius I), which had been turned into a mosque. Here was good water. Speelman recorded that the village was divided into two parts, and built close to the slope of the moun-tain. Fryer called it a poor village inhabited by mule-teers, while Hedges considered it a large and exceed-ing pleasant one, in a plain full of vineyards. (75) 75 Stodart, p. 76 (Zargoone); Speelman, pp. 105-6 (Serghoen); Fryer, vol. II. p. 218 (Zergoon); Hedges, p. 208 (Zurgoon); KA 1793, fol. 1013b (Sergoen); Winninx, 3 November (Sergoe); de Silva y Figueroa, p. 140 (Zargan); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 301 (Sergoen); Carmelites, loc. cit. (Band-i Amir, Zarghan; karavansaray). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Zargan « Continuing from Chihil Minar, Stodart arrived at Zarghan, which was a poor town situated on the side of a hill one English mile from Rustam's tomb (i.e. Naqsh-i Rustam, the tomb of Darius I), which had been turned into a mosque. Here was good water. Speelman recorded that the village was divided into two parts, and built close to the slope of the moun-tain. Fryer called it a poor village inhabited by mule-teers, while Hedges considered it a large and exceed-ing pleasant one, in a plain full of vineyards. (75) 75 Stodart, p. 76 (Zargoone); Speelman, pp. 105-6 (Serghoen); Fryer, vol. II. p. 218 (Zergoon); Hedges, p. 208 (Zurgoon); KA 1793, fol. 1013b (Sergoen); Winninx, 3 November (Sergoe); de Silva y Figueroa, p. 140 (Zargan); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 301 (Sergoen); Carmelites, loc. cit. (Band-i Amir, Zarghan; karavansaray). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Zarghan « Continuing from Chihil Minar, Stodart arrived at Zarghan, which was a poor town situated on the side of a hill one English mile from Rustam's tomb (i.e. Naqsh-i Rustam, the tomb of Darius I), which had been turned into a mosque. Here was good water. Speelman recorded that the village was divided into two parts, and built close to the slope of the moun-tain. Fryer called it a poor village inhabited by mule-teers, while Hedges considered it a large and exceed-ing pleasant one, in a plain full of vineyards. (75) 75 Stodart, p. 76 (Zargoone); Speelman, pp. 105-6 (Serghoen); Fryer, vol. II. p. 218 (Zergoon); Hedges, p. 208 (Zurgoon); KA 1793, fol. 1013b (Sergoen); Winninx, 3 November (Sergoe); de Silva y Figueroa, p. 140 (Zargan); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 301 (Sergoen); Carmelites, loc. cit. (Band-i Amir, Zarghan; karavansaray). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Zarghun « 3rd March, Zarghun. As my route from Shiraz would not lead in the direction of Persepolis, and as it seemed a pity to let slip an opportunity of seeing such a famous place, I determined to spend four days in an excursion thither, » #3078 Stack, Edward, Six months in Persia, Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, London, 1882 ~ p. 57 « , reaches the town of Zargun. The latter is a long straggling place of 2,000 houses, mostly one-storeyed, with flat roofs, built close up to a chain of barren, rocky mountains on the castern margin of a low plain, full of gardens and cultivation. The main street is narrow and filthy, with a number of shops scattered through it, forming a bazaar said to be well supplied. There is a post-house at the N. end of the town, and two mud enclosures in the main street, serving the purpose of caravansarais. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 191 ※ SOURCE for Zargoone « Continuing from Chihil Minar, Stodart arrived at Zarghan, which was a poor town situated on the side of a hill one English mile from Rustam's tomb (i.e. Naqsh-i Rustam, the tomb of Darius I), which had been turned into a mosque. Here was good water. Speelman recorded that the village was divided into two parts, and built close to the slope of the moun-tain. Fryer called it a poor village inhabited by mule-teers, while Hedges considered it a large and exceed-ing pleasant one, in a plain full of vineyards. (75) 75 Stodart, p. 76 (Zargoone); Speelman, pp. 105-6 (Serghoen); Fryer, vol. II. p. 218 (Zergoon); Hedges, p. 208 (Zurgoon); KA 1793, fol. 1013b (Sergoen); Winninx, 3 November (Sergoe); de Silva y Figueroa, p. 140 (Zargan); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 301 (Sergoen); Carmelites, loc. cit. (Band-i Amir, Zarghan; karavansaray). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 75 « I took horse and cam this night to Zargoone [Zarghün], a poor towne vpon the side of a hill wthin an English mile to Rustames howse, wch is now turned to be a muskeet, weh we call a church, and is kept in repayration. Here we picht in the Rices howse, wch is the cheifest man of the towne, hauing traveled 5 lges. of fayre waye crossing the playne of Chelmenar. Here is good water. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 76 ※ SOURCE for Zercon « Passato il fiume, girammo un pezzo intorno alla costa di un monte che avevamo a man sinistra: ed ål fine, entrati in certi bassi valloni, ad ora di mezzogiorno arri-vammo alla villa Zercon che da Cehilminar non è più lontana di sei leghe, [After crossing the river, we went round for a while the side of a mountain which we had on our left hand: and at last, having entered some low valleys, at midday we arrived at the village of Zercon which is not more than six leagues from Cehilminar,] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 265 ※ SOURCE for Zerghun « Zerghun » in {map#1245 in #3226 Cornelis Janszoon Speelman Ed. A. Hotz, Journaal der reis van den gezant der O.I. Compagnie Joan Cunaeus naar perzië in 1651-1652, J. Müller, 1908 ~ fig. Route-kaart voor de reis van het gezantschap Cunaeus van Bender Abbas (Gamron) naar Isfahan (1652)} ※ SOURCE for Zergoon « Continuing from Chihil Minar, Stodart arrived at Zarghan, which was a poor town situated on the side of a hill one English mile from Rustam's tomb (i.e. Naqsh-i Rustam, the tomb of Darius I), which had been turned into a mosque. Here was good water. Speelman recorded that the village was divided into two parts, and built close to the slope of the moun-tain. Fryer called it a poor village inhabited by mule-teers, while Hedges considered it a large and exceed-ing pleasant one, in a plain full of vineyards. (75) 75 Stodart, p. 76 (Zargoone); Speelman, pp. 105-6 (Serghoen); Fryer, vol. II. p. 218 (Zergoon); Hedges, p. 208 (Zurgoon); KA 1793, fol. 1013b (Sergoen); Winninx, 3 November (Sergoe); de Silva y Figueroa, p. 140 (Zargan); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 301 (Sergoen); Carmelites, loc. cit. (Band-i Amir, Zarghan; karavansaray). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 75 ※ SOURCE for Zurgoon « Continuing from Chihil Minar, Stodart arrived at Zarghan, which was a poor town situated on the side of a hill one English mile from Rustam's tomb (i.e. Naqsh-i Rustam, the tomb of Darius I), which had been turned into a mosque. Here was good water. Speelman recorded that the village was divided into two parts, and built close to the slope of the moun-tain. Fryer called it a poor village inhabited by mule-teers, while Hedges considered it a large and exceed-ing pleasant one, in a plain full of vineyards. (75) 75 Stodart, p. 76 (Zargoone); Speelman, pp. 105-6 (Serghoen); Fryer, vol. II. p. 218 (Zergoon); Hedges, p. 208 (Zurgoon); KA 1793, fol. 1013b (Sergoen); Winninx, 3 November (Sergoe); de Silva y Figueroa, p. 140 (Zargan); LeBrun, vol. II, p. 301 (Sergoen); Carmelites, loc. cit. (Band-i Amir, Zarghan; karavansaray). » #1169 Floor, Willem, The Bandar Abbas-Isfahan Route in the Late Safavid era, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1999, 37:67-94 ~ p. 75 Zargar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3839199 coordinate: lat 36.0562 long 50.3826 NIMA/GNS names: Zargar , زرگر , VARIANT names: Shocardir , Zargar , ※ SOURCE for Shocardir « This daye we picht att Shocardir (1) [Shāhendih], hauing traveled 5 leauges. The town lyes in a playne, being very bare, and a very hott climatt. Here we rested all this daye,fn. 1 This is possibly the modern Khavandeh. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, 1935 ~ p. 56 Zarghün : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.926505 long 53.278709 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Zarghün , ※ SOURCE for Zarghün « At 2 miles Zarghün on the E. bank of the river. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 179 [stage distance 17½ miles actual length 22.3 miles. corrected to 2.5 miles. PBR] Zarna : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089163 coordinate: lat 33.491521 long 49.372893 NIMA/GNS names: Zarna , Zarnan , زرنان , VARIANT names: Zarna , Zarneh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089169 coordinate: lat 33.9297 long 46.1824 NIMA/GNS names: Kani Razneh , Kani Zarnah , Zarneh , Zarrineh , زرنه , كنی رزنه , VARIANT names: village , Zarneh , ※ SOURCE for village « and, on the 22d, at the end of eight p. I arrived at a village. » #1518 Kerr, Robert, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels arranged in systematic order: forming a complete History of the origin and progress of navigation, discovery, and commerce, by sea and land, from the earliest to the present time., W.Blackwood:T. Cadell, 1824, 18 vols ~ vol. 9 p. 219 Zayandeh Rud : stream grp 43 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: 11584797 coordinate: lat 32.296292 long 52.86976 NIMA/GNS names: Zayandeh Rud , زاینده رود , VARIANT names: Zayandeh Rud , Zayandeh Rud at Ispahan : stream grp 43 IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 32.551072 long 51.785786 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Senderu river , Zayandeh Rud at Ispahan , Zindoroend river , ※ SOURCE for Senderu river « I referred to, [ 453/1] and we reached the famous Metropolitan City of Spahan or Haspan, standing on a bank of the Zindoroend or Senderu river, in latitude 32° 201 N., » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ vol. 2 p. 354 ※ SOURCE for Zayandeh Rud at Ispahan « Zayandeh Rud » in {map#376 in SERIES 1501 AIR SHEET National Imagery and Mapping Agency fig. NI39-15 Esfahan, Iran} ※ SOURCE for Zindoroend river « I referred to, [ 453/1] and we reached the famous Metropolitan City of Spahan or Haspan, standing on a bank of the Zindoroend or Senderu river, in latitude 32° 201 N., » #3477 ed. C. Eckford Luard witn H. Hosten, Travels of Fray Sebastien Manrique 1629-1643. A Translation of the Itinerario de las Missiones Orientales., Hakluyt Society, Cambridge, 1926 ~ vol. 2 p. 354 Zein Abad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089354 coordinate: lat 31.805 long 54.253889 NIMA/GNS names: ZaInabad , Zein Abad , Zeynabad , زين آباد , VARIANT names: Zein Abad , NIMA/GNS feature: STM UFI: -3089015 coordinate: lat 26.9027778 long 56.9686111 VARIANT names: Zerrani river , NIMA/GNS feature: PPL independent coordinate: lat 37.033333 long 37.966667 VARIANT names: Zeugma , ※ SOURCE for Zeugma owtrad web file OWTRAD Dataset tmcIRa0100 last updated 3may01 gives « Zeugma, 37.966667, 37.033333, TR, nkn, exact, 243, tmcIRa0100_046a » Zeynabad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089347 coordinate: lat 28.688552 long 54.611815 NIMA/GNS names: Zeynabad , Zeynabad-e Sangi , Zin Abad , زین آباد , زین آباد سنگی , VARIANT names: Zainabad , Zeynabad , ※ SOURCE for Zainabad « Zainabad » in {map#1133 in #886 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, An Archaeological Tour in the Ancient Persis.The Persian province of Fars, The Geographical Journal, London, 1935 (Dec.) 86:6:489-97 ~ fig. Province Of Fars, Iran, from the Surveys made in 1933-34} Zeynoddin Caravanserai Yazd : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 31.411858 long 54.706853 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Zeynoddin Caravanserai Yazd , ※ SOURCE for Zeynoddin Caravanserai Yazd online reference link [accessed 30 Oct 2024] Zeytun : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089387 coordinate: lat 28.9251 long 53.2456 NIMA/GNS names: Zeytun , زیتون , VARIANT names: Zaitun , Zeytun , ※ SOURCE for Zaitun « Zaitun » in {map#1135 U.S. Army Map Series K501: Iraq and Iran:, , , The University of Chicago fig. Fin G-40B 1941} Ziarat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089421 coordinate: lat 27.096 long 53.0815 NIMA/GNS names: Bandar-e ziyarat , Zeyarat , Ziarat , Ziyarat , Ziyaret , زيارت , VARIANT names: Ziarat , ※ SOURCE for Ziarat « Some 3 miles beyond Shiu we came near the small fishermen’s hamlet of Ziarat upon two larger debris areas which by their ceramic remains clearly suggested occupation in early Muhammadan times or, perhaps, even before within the historical period. But nowhere along the coast were any indications of prehistoric occupation to be traced. Ziarat with its good anchorage serves as a port for the head of the Gabandi valley which behind a low sandstone range runs parallel to the coast. » #831 Stein, Sir M. Aurel, Archaeological Reconnaissances in Southern Persia, The Geographical Journal, London, 1934 (Feb), 83:2:119-34 ~ p. 131 Ziarat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089430 coordinate: lat 28.1664 long 51.3712 NIMA/GNS names: Zeyarat , Ziarat , Ziarat Saheli , Ziyarat , زيارت , زيارت ساحلی , VARIANT names: Ziarat , Ziarat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089424 coordinate: lat 27.35 long 53.1588 NIMA/GNS names: Mahalleh-ye Ziarat , Ziarat , Ziyarat , زیارت , محله زیارت , VARIANT names: Ziarat , Ziarat : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089415 coordinate: lat 26.681327 long 57.074577 NIMA/GNS names: Zeyarat , Ziarat , Ziarat-e Bozorg , زيارت , زيارت بزرگ , VARIANT names: Ziarat , Ziaret , ※ SOURCE for Ziaret « 1-40 P.M. crossed another stream. At 3 P.M. passed a village in the sandhills to the left, about a mile off called Ziaret. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 30 Ziarat Haji Baba : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 6211828 coordinate: lat 32.0813889 long 61.825 NIMA/GNS names: Ziarat Haji Baba , Ziarat-e Hajji Baba , VARIANT names: Ziarat Haji Baba , Ziarat Mulla Rahimdil Khalifa : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: -3384576 coordinate: lat 32.2 long 63.15 NIMA/GNS names: Molla Ram Del Nikeh Ziarat , Mulla Rahmdel Nikeh , Ziarat Mulla Rahimdil Khalifa , Ziarat-e Molla Rahm Del Khalifeh , Zlarat Mulla Rahmdil Khalifa , VARIANT names: Ziarat Mulla Rahimdil Khalifa , Ziarat-e Pir-e Biaban : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10423515 coordinate: lat 27.5368 long 54.4995 NIMA/GNS names: Ziarat-e Pir-e Biaban , زیارت پیر بیابان , VARIANT names: Ziarat-e Pir-e Biaban , ※ SOURCE for Ziarat-e Pir-e Biaban « Près de là, sur la gau- che, est ün chemin qui conduit à Karmoussah, village près duquel sont des mines, non ex- ploitées, de fer et de cuivre. Avant le village est le mausolée d'imam-Soltoûn. [Near there, on the left, is a road which leads to Karmoussah, a village near which are unexploited mines of iron and copper. Before the village is the mausoleum of Imam Soltoûn.] » #3179 Adrien Dupré, Voyage en Perse, fait dans les années 1807, 1808 et 1809, en traversant la Natolie et la Mésopotamie, 1819 ~ vol. 1 p. 430 Ziaratgah-e Amagzadeh Mir Ahmad-e Beriz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10423465 coordinate: lat 27.957974 long 54.328024 NIMA/GNS names: Emamzadeh Mir Ahmad , Ziaratgah-e Amagzadeh Mir Ahmad-e Beriz , امامزاده میر احمد , زیارتگاه اماگزاده میر احمد بریز , VARIANT names: Ziaratgah-e Amagzadeh Mir Ahmad-e Beriz , ※ SOURCE for Ziaratgah-e Amagzadeh Mir Ahmad-e Beriz « Here we picht in a prophets lodge lying by the waye side, whose name is Shohzoda [Shahzada], the townes nam is Berrie [Biriz], haueing traveled 5 or 6 lges. Here the water is good. » #3214 Stodart, Robert; introduction and notes by Sir. E. Denison Ross, The Journal of Robert Stodart: Being an account of his experiences as a member of Sir Dodmore Cotton's Mission in Persia in 1628-29. Published from the unique manuscript preserved in the Bodleian Library, Luzac and Co, London, 1935 ~ p. 82 [see also online reference link [accessed 01 Mar 2024]. PBR] Ziaratgah-e Gonbad-e Laleh : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: RUIN UFI: -3064797 coordinate: lat 31.3386 long 52.1803 NIMA/GNS names: Gonbad-e Laleh , Gonbed-e Laleh , Ziaratgah-e Gonbad-e Laleh , زیارتگاه گنبد لاله , VARIANT names: Ziaratgah-e Gonbad-e Laleh , Ziaratgah-e Seyyed Jowzar : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10439104 coordinate: lat 28.128163 long 55.680977 NIMA/GNS names: Ziaratgah-e Seyyed Jowzar , زيارتگاه سید جوزر , VARIANT names: Said Jaudar , Said Jowdar , Seid Gevder , Syed Jozah , Ziaratgah-e Seyyed Jowzar , ※ SOURCE for Said Jaudar « At 6¼ miles the direct road between Sa'adatābād and Furg is left; this route, although easier, has no village on it, and is principally used by the iliits. At 8 miles the road from Tārūn to Lar is passed, Route No. 2(b). At 10½ miles the small village of Rafiābād, is passed with the village of Karkum, about two miles to the N.-E., both with good date plantations; about the plain date groves are to be seen in every direction. The road now runs across a level plain with a good deal of salt incrusta- tions about. At 13½ miles Said Jaudar is reached, a poorish village with a good date grove. The houses are all date leaf huts. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 493 ※ SOURCE for Said Jowdar « The plain is covered in nearly every direction with salt efflores- cence, and in some parts the going is very soft, but easy carts could be used without difficulty, except during rainy weather.Just before turning to the north-east, around a point of the hills, came to the direct road to Forg. After passing this point the plain opened out to the north, going then for 7 miles further, cameto Said Jowdar, a poorish village with a good date grove. There?? were no provisions of any sort to be got; the water, however, was good, and there seemed plenty of it. A small stream from the hills, Taskat. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 18 ※ SOURCE for Seid Gevder « A mezzanotte incirca levatasi la luna ci rimettemmo di nuovo in cammino, e dopo aver fatto cinque leghe di strada sempre per piano, e quasi sempre costeggiando la fila de' monti, che avevamo a man sinistra, con vederne un'altra fila a man destra di lontano; la domenica, passato mezzogiorno di un pezzetto, presso ad una picciolissima villa di dieci o dodici case, in mezzo di un pal- meto, che lo chiamano Seid Gevder, dal nome di un tale che vi è sepolto, dai paesani venerato, eleggemmo di prender riposo sotto un grande albero, di certa specie, che a me pareva di non avere ancor mai più veduta. [At about midnight, when the moon rose, we set off again, and after traveling five leagues of road, always on level ground, and almost always skirting the line of mountains on our left hand, seeing another line of mountains on our right hand. from afar; on Sunday, after noon a little way, near a very small villa of ten or twelve houses, in the middle of a palm grove, which they call Seid Gevder, from the name of a man who is buried there, venerated by the villagers, we chose to to take rest under a large tree, of a certain species, which it seemed to me I would never see again.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 281 ※ SOURCE for Syed Jozah « Skirting the moutains, at 14 miles, the shrine, grove, and hamlet of Syed Jozah. » #3331 Routes in Persia, Section 1, British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, Mss Eur F111/369, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 59 Ziaratgah-e Sheykh Danial : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: 10390710 coordinate: lat 27.8934 long 53.4318 NIMA/GNS names: Ziaratgah-e Sheykh Danial , زیارتگاه شیخ دانیال , VARIANT names: Ziaratgah-e Sheykh Danial , ※ SOURCE for Ziaratgah-e Sheykh Danial « In this hospice of his is the tomb of the shaikh, the pious saint and pole Daniyal, whose name is widely famed in that country, and of great eminence in sainthood. 137 Over his tomb is a vast cupola, built by the sultan Qutb al-Din Tamahtan [Tahamtan] b. Türān-Shāh. fn. 137 Shaikh Daniyal was instrumental in the acquisition of Jarūn by Ayāz (see above, p. 396, n. 100), and his mosque still exists in Khunj (Aubin, JA (1953), 95). » #357 Ibn Baṭu¯ṭah, Muh?ammad ibn ʿAbd Alla¯h, The Travels of Ibn Battuta translated with revisions and notes, from the Arabic text edited by C. Defre´mery and B. R. Sanguinetti, by H. A. R. Gibb., Hakluyt Society:Munshiram Manohardal Publishers Pvt Ltd, Cambridge:New Delhi, 1958- :1993, ~ vol. 2 p. 407 Zibad : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089466 coordinate: lat 34.276328 long 58.487447 NIMA/GNS names: Zibad , زیبد , VARIANT names: Zibad , ※ SOURCE for Zibad « Zibad has perhaps less striking features, but we passed Kalat on our way thither, a large place on the hillside abounding in gardens and cultivation. As we turned aside from the marching road to dismount at this remarkable village, the inhabitants were observed to be in considerable alarm, leaving their homes or fields in haste, and in some cases running up the contiguous acclivity. It soon became evident that we were mistaken for Alamans, and it required some persuasion on the part of our guides to restore quiet and confidence. Kalat has a position assigned in certain maps, but it is misplaced with reference to other villages. » #1253 Goldsmid, F. J., Journey from Bandar Abbas to Mash-Had by Sistan, with Some Account of the Last-Named Province, Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London, 1873, 43:65-83 ~ p. 79 Zije Manije : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 34.414785 long 46.003965 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: zij manizheh زیج منی?ه VARIANT names: Qaleh Manijeh , Qaleh Zij Dukkan , Zije Manije , ※ SOURCE for Qaleh Zij Dukkan Qaleh Zij Dukkan online reference link [accessed 02 Jun 2025] ※ SOURCE for Zije Manije « There is no clear history of the Zijeh Manizhe, but considering the architecture of the building, especially the design of the doorways and arches, and the roof covering used in the building, its construction has been attributed to the late Sassanid period. This building, with a height of about 2 meters from the surrounding land and dimensions of 70 by 50 square meters, has a rectangular plan made of rubble stone and plaster mortar. » online reference link [accessed 02 Jun 2025] Zirah : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089519 coordinate: lat 29.4141 long 51.1502 NIMA/GNS names: Sir Rah , Sir-e Rah , Zir Rah , Zira , Zirah , Zireh , زير راه , زيراه , زيره , سير راه , VARIANT names: Zeera , Zira , Zirah , ※ SOURCE for Zeera « Zeera » in {map#1129 Map of Asia Minor Armenia and Koordistan, , 1816, #3020 John Macdonald Kinneir, Journey Through Asia Minor, Armenia, and Koordistan in the Years 1813 and 1814, John Murray, London, 1818 ~} ※ SOURCE for Zira « Nor should we hastily locate (p. 178) the Classical Taoke at Jinjiin, where there was indeed an Achaemenid palace, before considering the claims of Zira (29º 20' N, 51º 09' » #3006 A. D. H. Bivar, The Persian Empire: Studies in Geography and Ethnography of the Ancient Near East by Ernst Herzfeld, Gerold Walser - Review, Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, 1971 Vol. 34:no. 1:pp. 159-160 ~ Zirak Kariz : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3396998 coordinate: lat 32.0833333 long 64.4166667 NIMA/GNS names: Zirak Kariz , VARIANT names: Zerak , Zirak Kariz , ※ SOURCE for Zerak « 8. Zerak (20 miles 7 furlongs — 96 miles 3 furlongs). — Water good and abundant ; forage for both camels and horses plentiful ; some cultivation in the vicinity. The dried bushes found on the plains form almost the sole fuel procurable at most of the stages. The first 6 miles of the road on this stage stony and undulating, the beds of several torrents which drain the desert plain crossing the line ; after this it becomes level and easy till the fort of Sadat, 18 miles from Girishk, is reached. Beyond Sadat the road again passes over undulating ground with one or two steep slopes till Zerak is close at hand. There is an abundant supply of water at Sadat. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 331 Ziru : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: FRM UFI: -3089521 coordinate: lat 28.1188 long 51.375 NIMA/GNS names: Zir Rood , Zir Rud , Ziru , Zirud , زير رود , زيرود , VARIANT names: Ziru , Zisterne (Abanbar) : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.305816 long 55.180361 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) Supplement: location not identified VARIANT names: KM038 (Gaube) , Zisterne (Abanbar) , ※ SOURCE for KM038 (Gaube) « KM 038: Fünf Kilometer weiter finden sich eine stark zerstörte Karavanenstation sowie eine überkuppelte Zisterne. Dieser Bau ist in Plan und Größe nahezu identisch mit der nächsten Station, der Station Gehün. [KM 038: Five kilometers further there is a badly damaged caravan station and a domed cistern. This building is almost identical in plan and size to the next station, Gehün station.] » #3196 Heinz Gaube, Ein Abschnitt der ṣafavidischen Bandar-e 'Abbās: Širāz-Strasse: Die Strecke von Seyyed Gemāl ad-Din nach Lār, Iran, Journal of the British Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1979 Vol. 17:pp. 33-47 ~ p. 42 [distance 38 kms more like 35.5 kms. PBR] ※ SOURCE for Zisterne (Abanbar) « Zisterne(Abanbar) 4 km nordwestlich von Djeyhun 9) 114 (ADie Zisterne hat äußere Abmessungen von 9,50 x 3,50 m, eine Höhe über dem Boden von 2,50 m und eine Tiefe von etwa 6 m. Sie ist wahrscheinlich in qadjarischer Zeit ent- standen. [Zisterne(Abanbar)4 km northwest of Djeyhun 9) 114 (AThe cistern has external dimensions of 9.50 x 3.50 m, a height above the ground of 2.50 m and a depth of around 6 m. It was probably built in the Qajar period. ] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ p. 127 Zisterne zwischen den K.s Djunguin : arch. site IRN UTM: none visually placed the coordinate: lat 27.197666 long 55.70923 VARIANT names: Zisterne zwischen den K.s Djunguin , ※ SOURCE for Zisterne zwischen den K.s Djunguin « Zisterne zwischen den Karavanserails Djunguin und Qal'eh Pahlu (Abb. 7; 217)105Lage: 6 km östlich des Karavanserails Qal'ch Pahlu und 5 km westlich des Karavanserails Djunguin, in etwa der Mitte des alten Weges zwischen beiden Stationen, in +60 m .N.N., steht eine außen 16,80 x 4 m messende, 3,30 m über den Erdboden aufragende und 8 m eingetiefte Zisterne aus Bruchsteinen, die durch Oberflächenwasser gespeist [Cistern between the caravanserai Djunguin and Qal'eh Pahlu (Fig. 7; 217)105 Location: 6 km east of the caravanserai Qal'ch Pahlu and 5 km west of the caravanserai Djunguin, approximately in the middle of the old path between both stations, at +60 m above sea level, there is a cistern made of rubble stone, measuring 16.80 x 4 m on the outside, rising 3.30 m above the ground and 8 m deep, which is fed by surface water.] » #1814 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 2000 Band 7:Teil 5: ~ pp. 121-2 Zizeh Caravanserai : place IRN (caravanserai) NIMA/GNS feature: ANS UFI: -3081279 coordinate: lat 33.731773 long 51.695248 NIMA/GNS names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , Ribat-i-Sang , Robat , Robat-e Sang , Robat-i-Sang , رباط , رباط سنگ , کاروانسرای شاه عباسی , VARIANT names: Karvansara-ye Shah `Abbasi , Zizeh Caravanserai , Zizevan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: none independent coordinate: lat 28.781884 long 54.335236 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Zizevan , ※ SOURCE for Zizevan « La domenica, ultimo giorno di ottobre, non prima che a tre ore e forse più di sole, avendo canmminato intorno ad otto leghe, scendemmo a riposare in una villa di trenta case, o piuttosto capanne, fabbricata iu mezzo di un grap palmeto di datili, che lo chiamano Zizevan. [On Sunday, the last day of October, not before three hours and perhaps more of sun, having walked around eight leagues, we went down to rest in a villa of thirty houses, or rather huts, built in the middle of a large datalis palm grove. , who call him Zizevan.] » #1530 Pietro Della Valle, Viaggi di Pietro della Valle: il pellegrino, G. Gancia, Brighton, 1843, ~ vol. 2 p. 278 Zubara : place ARE NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -784698 coordinate: lat 25.404867 long 56.359707 NIMA/GNS names: Zubara , Zubarah , VARIANT names: Zabarra , Zebana , Zubara , ※ SOURCE for Zabarra « Zabarra » in {map#982 Chart of the Entrance to the Persian Gulf, Fergusson, from the surveys of Brucks, Haines and Grieve, 1857, British Library: Map Collections, IOR/X/3635/33, in Qatar Digital Library} ※ SOURCE for Zebana « Two miles to the southward of Ras Dibbah is the fort and village of Rual ; a mile and a half further Reema ; six miles to the southward of which is a similar place, called Chunum ; between which and Khore Fukaun are the villages of Beddya and Zebana, between which villages there is a rocky islet half a mile off shore. » #115 Thomas R. Hughes (ed.), Arabian Gulf Intelligence: Selections from the Records of the Bombay Government, New Series, No. XXIV, 1856, Oleander Press Ltd, Cambridge:New York, 1985 ~ p.624 Zuratu : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089571 coordinate: lat 27.7082 long 56.1817 NIMA/GNS names: Zartu-ye Bala , Zaztoo , Zoratu Bala , Zorratu , Zuratu , ذرتو , ذرتو بالا , زرتوی بالا , ززت , زوراتو , VARIANT names: Zuratu , ※ SOURCE for Zuratu « ?then something in the shape of a Gardeneh or rather a long slope from the hill on the right. Kuh-i-Zuratu cut up by watercourses, led down to the little village of Zuratu, a small place nestling under the hill. This was about the best camping place we had had, nice patches of green turf, under fine date trees, with a good spring of fresh water rushing from the hill-side. This spring continues good all through the year.Distance 7 miles. » #3120 John Richard Preece, Notes of a journey made between Shiraz and Jashk, via Fassa, Darab, Bandar Abbas, and Minab, Superintendent Government Printing, India, Calcutta, 1884 ~ p. 20 « At 18 miles the hamlet of Zuratū is reached. It lies immediately under the range of smooth hillswhich bounds the S.-W. side of the valley. Water. Good and abundant from a spring at the base of the hill.Supplies. Very scanty. » #3080 Simla Drawing Office, General Staff, India, Mobilisation Routes In Persia (Vol. IV, Part II) (Fars, Laristan, Kerman And Yazd) British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/12/10, in Qatar Digital Library, ~ p. 491 Zuzan : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: PPL UFI: -3089621 coordinate: lat 34.347486 long 59.86955 NIMA/GNS names: Ruzan , Zuzan , زوزن , VARIANT names: Zuzan , Zwischenkaravanserail südöstlich Hoseyndjeh : arch. site IRN (caravanserai) UTM: none google maps then visual coordinate: lat 33.012788 long 51.072798 † basis (proposed location coordinates based on available references) VARIANT names: Zwischenkaravanserail südöstlich Hoseyndjeh , ※ SOURCE for Zwischenkaravanserail südöstlich Hoseyndjeh « Zwischenkaravanserail südöstlich Hoseyndjeh (Taf. 7,2) (Abb. 12; 61) (52)Lage: 14 km südöstlich von Karavanserail Hoseyndjeh 8 km südöstlich Alavidjeh und 10 km nordwestlich von Robat Qal'eh Sangi, in +1830m ü.N.N., am Karawanenweg von Esfahan nach Golpayegan.Typ: Soweit an der Ruine noch erkennbar, Hofanlage mit vier Iwanen und Räumen um den Hof herum.Abmessungen: 55 x 50m Außenmaße, 40 x 35 m Hofab-messungen, Höhe der Schuttwälle etwa 2 m.Baumaterial: Lehmbauweise.Bauliche Besonderheiten und Zustand: Nur noch in Schuttwällen erkennbar. fn. 52 Die Ruine wurde am 25. 9. 1989 in Schrittmaßen vermessen. [Intermediate caravanserai southeast of Hoseyndjeh (Plate 7.2) (Fig. 12; 61) (52)Location: 14 km southeast of the Hoseyndjeh caravanserai, 8 km southeast of Alavidjeh, and 10 km northwest of Robat Qal'eh Sangi, at +1830 m above sea level, on the caravan route from Isfahan to Golpayegan.Type: As far as can be seen from the ruins, a courtyard complex with four iwans and rooms surrounding the courtyard.Dimensions: 55 x 50 m exterior dimensions, 40 x 35 m courtyard dimensions, height of the rubble mounds approximately 2 m.Building material: Clay construction.Structural features and condition: Only recognizable in the rubble mounds. fn. 52 The ruins were measured in increments on 25 September 1989.] » #3472 Kleiss, Wolfram, Karawanenbauten in Iran. Materialien zur iranischen Archäologie, Materialien zur iranischen Archa¨ologie, D. Reimer, Berlin, 1998 Band 5:Teil 3: ~ p36-7 Zyarate Khwaja Sahabuddin : place IRN NIMA/GNS feature: SHRN UFI: -3381344 coordinate: lat 33.3166667 long 61.9166667 NIMA/GNS names: Ziarat-e Khvajeh Sahab od Din , Zyarate Khwaja Sahabuddin , VARIANT names: Ziarat ? , Zyarate Khwaja Sahabuddin , ※ SOURCE for Ziarat ? « 28. Ziarat (12 miles-319 miles 4 furlongs). Few supplies pro-curable. Water sufficient; forage and grass abundant; the road lies over a plain. » #3508 Angus Hamilton, Afghanistan, William Heinemann Ltd, London, 1906 ~ p. 335